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Hubble's 22nd Anniversary Image Shows Turbulent Star-making Region
Several million young stars are vying for attention in this NASA Hubble Space Telescope image of a raucous stellar breeding ground in 30 Doradus, located in the heart of the Tarantula Nebula. 30 Doradus is the brightest star-forming region visible in a neighboring galaxy and home to the most massive stars ever seen. The nebula resides 170,000 light-years away in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a small, satellite galaxy of our Milky Way. No known star-forming region that is inside our Milky Way is as large or as prolific as 30 Doradus.
The image comprises one of the largest mosaics ever assembled from Hubble photos and includes observations taken by Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3 and Advanced Camera for Surveys. Hubble made the observations in October 2011. NASA and the Space Telescope Science Institute are releasing the image to celebrate Hubble's 22nd anniversary.
Hubble's Panoramic View of a Turbulent Star-making Region
Zoom and Pan into 30 Doradus (with narration and music)
Several million young stars are vying for attention in a new NASA Hubble Space Telescope image of a raucous stellar breeding ground in 30 Doradus, a star-forming complex located in the heart of the Tarantula nebula.
The new image comprises one of the largest mosaics ever assembled from Hubble photos and includes observations taken by Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3 and Advanced Camera for Surveys. NASA and the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) in Baltimore released the image today in celebration of Hubble's 22nd anniversary.
"Hubble is the world's premiere science instrument for making celestial observations, which allow us to unravel the mysteries of the universe," said John Grunsfeld, associate administrator for NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington and three-time Hubble repair astronaut. "In recognition of Hubble's 22nd birthday, the new image of the 30 Doradus region, the birth place for new stars, is more than a fitting anniversary image."
30 Doradus is the brightest star-forming region in our galactic neighborhood and home to the most massive stars ever seen. The nebula is 170,000 light-years away in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a small satellite galaxy of the Milky Way. No known star-forming region in our galaxy is as large or as prolific as 30 Doradus.
Collectively, the stars in the image are millions of times more massive than our sun. The image is roughly 650 light-years across and contains some rambunctious stars, including one of the fastest rotating stars and the highest velocity stars ever observed by astronomers.
The nebula is close enough to Earth that Hubble can resolve individual stars, giving astronomers important information about the stars' birth and evolution. Many small galaxies have more spectacular starbursts, but the Large Magellanic Cloud's 30 Doradus is one of the only star-forming regions that astronomers can study in detail. The star-birthing frenzy in 30 Doradus may be fueled partly by its close proximity to its companion galaxy, the Small Magellanic Cloud.
The image reveals the stages of star birth, from embryonic stars a few thousand years old and still wrapped in cocoons of dark gas, to behemoths that die young in supernova explosions. 30 Doradus churns out stars at a furious pace over millions of years. Hubble shows star clusters of various ages, from about 2 million to 25 million years old.
The region's sparkling centerpiece is a giant, young star cluster named NGC 2070, only 2 million to 3 million years old. Its stellar inhabitants number roughly 500,000. The cluster is a hotbed for young, massive stars. Its dense core, known as R136, is packed with some of the heftiest stars found in the nearby universe, weighing more than 100 times the mass of our sun.
The massive stars are carving deep cavities in the surrounding material by unleashing a torrent of ultraviolet light, which is winnowing away the enveloping hydrogen gas cloud in which the stars were born. The image reveals a fantastic landscape of pillars, ridges and valleys. Besides sculpting the gaseous terrain, the brilliant stars may be triggering a successive generation of offspring. When the ultraviolet radiation hits dense walls of gas, it creates shocks, which may generate a new wave of star birth.
The image was made using 30 separate fields, 15 from each camera. Both cameras made these observations simultaneously in October 2011. The colors in the image represent the hot gas that dominates regions of the image. Red signifies hydrogen gas and blue represents oxygen.
The Hubble Space Telescope is a project of international cooperation between NASA and the European Space Agency. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., manages the telescope. STScI conducts Hubble science operations. STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., in Washington.
The Hubble Space Telescope is one of the most powerful and prolific science instruments ever made, earning a place as one of the technical wonders of the modern world. From its lofty perch 350 miles above Earth, Hubble sees farther and sharper than any previous telescope, producing breathtaking images that have astounded astronomers and the public. Its discoveries have revolutionized nearly all areas of astronomy, from planetary science to cosmology.
A series of heroic astronaut servicing missions to Hubble has made it the longest-operating space observatory ever built. Thanks to routine maintenance and upgrades Hubble is 100 times more powerful than when it was launched. In addition to its scientific importance, Hubble brings cosmic wonders into millions of homes and schools worldwide, allowing the public to be co-explorers with this wondrous observatory.
Here are some of Hubble's top science discoveries.
An Accelerating Universe
By using bursts of light from faraway exploding stars to measure the expansion of space, Hubble provided important supporting evidence for the existence of a mysterious "dark energy" that pervades our universe. Dark energy exerts a repulsive force that works against gravity and causes the universe to expand at an ever-faster rate.
But dark energy wasn't always in the driver's seat. By studying distant supernovas, Hubble traced dark energy all the way back to 9 billion years ago, when the universe was less than half its present size. During that epoch, dark energy was arm-wrestling with gravity for control of the cosmos. Dark energy finally won the struggle with gravity about 5 billion years ago.
By knowing more about how dark energy behaves over time, astronomers hope to gain a better understanding of what it is. Astronomers still do not know what dark energy is, even though it appears to comprise about 70 percent of the universe's energy.
How Old Is the Universe?
Some people hate to reveal their age, and the universe, it seems, is no different. Before Hubble was launched, astronomers had been trying for many years to pin down the universe's age. The method relied on determining the expansion rate of the universe, a value called the Hubble constant. Their values for the Hubble constant were highly uncertain. Consequently, their calculations for the universe's age ranged from 10 to 20 billion years.
One of Hubble's key duties was to help astronomers determine a precise age for the universe. The telescope's keen vision helped astronomers accomplish that goal by measuring the brightness of dozens of pulsating stars called Cepheid variables, which are a thousand times brighter than the Sun. By knowing their brightness, astronomers then calculated the stars' distance from Earth. From this study and other related analyses, astronomers determined the Hubble constant and the universe's age to an accuracy of about 3.3 percent. By their calculations, the universe is about 13.75 billion years old.
Galaxies from the Ground Up
Hubble's surveys of deep space showed that the universe was different long ago, providing evidence that galaxies grew over time through mergers with other galaxies to become the giant galaxies we see today.
The telescope snapped images of galaxies in the faraway universe in a series of unique observations, including the Hubble Deep Fields and the Hubble Ultra Deep Field. In the most recent foray into the universe's farthest regions, Hubble's newly installed Wide Field Camera 3 produced the deepest photographs of the universe in visible and near-infrared light and uncovered a galaxy that existed when the universe was only 450 million years old.
All of the "Deep Field" observations have shed light on galaxy evolution. The galaxies spied by Hubble are smaller and more irregularly shaped than today's grand spiral and elliptical galaxies, reinforcing the idea that large galaxies built up over time as smaller galaxies collided and merged.
By studying galaxies at different epochs, astronomers can see how galaxies change over time. The process is analogous to a very large scrapbook of pictures documenting the lives of children from infancy to adulthood.
Hubble also probed the dense, central regions of galaxies and provided decisive evidence that supermassive black holes reside in the centers of almost all large galaxies. Giant black holes are compact "monsters" weighing millions to billions the mass of our Sun. Their gravity is so strong that they gobble up any material that ventures near them.
These elusive "eating machines" cannot be observed directly, because nothing, not even light, escapes their clutches. The telescope provided indirect, yet compelling, evidence of their existence. Hubble helped astronomers determine the masses of several black holes by measuring the velocities of material whirling around them.
Hubble's census of more than 30 galaxies showed an intimate relationship between galaxies and their resident black holes. The survey revealed that the black hole's mass is dependent on the weight of its host galaxy's central bulge of stars. The bigger the bulge of stars, the more massive the black hole. This close relationship means that black holes may have evolved with their host galaxies, feasting on a measured diet of gas and stars residing in the hearts of those galaxies.
Worlds Beyond Our Sun
At the time of Hubble's launch in 1990, astronomers had not found a single planet outside our solar system. Now there are about 1,500 known extrasolar planets, most of them discovered by the Kepler observatory and by ground-based telescopes. But Hubble has made some unique contributions to the planet hunt.
The telescope demonstrated that our Milky Way galaxy is probably brimming with billions of planets. Peering into the crowded bulge of our Milky Way galaxy, Hubble observed 180,000 stars and nabbed 16 potential alien worlds orbiting a variety of stars. Five of the candidates represent a new type of extreme planet. Dubbed Ultra-Short-Period Planets, these objects whirl around their stars in less than an Earth day. Astronomers made the discoveries by measuring the slight dimming of a star as a planet passed in front of it, an event called a transit.
The transit method was used again to make the first measurements of the atmospheric makeup of at least two extrasolar planets. The Hubble observations showed that the atmosphere of a known extrasolar planet contains sodium, oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen. A similar study of another alien world revealed probable signs of carbon dioxide, methane, and water. These two Jupiter-sized planets are too hot for life. But the Hubble observations demonstrate that the basic chemistry for life can be measured on planets orbiting other stars.
Finally, Hubble made the first visible-light image of an extrasolar planet circling the nearby, bright southern star Fomalhaut, located 25 light-years away in the constellation Piscis Australis. An immense debris disk about 21.5 billion miles across surrounds the star. The planet is orbiting 1.8 billion miles inside the disk's sharp inner edge, about 10 times the distance of Saturn from the Sun.
Shining a Light on Dark Matter
Astronomers used Hubble to make the first three-dimensional map of dark matter, an invisible form of matter that makes up most of the universe's mass and forms its underlying structure. Dark matter's gravity allows normal matter in the form of gas and dust to collect and build up into stars and galaxies.
Although astronomers cannot see dark matter, they can detect its influence in galaxy clusters by observing how its gravity bends and distorts the light of more distant background galaxies, a phenomenon called gravitational lensing.
Using Hubble's sharp view, astronomers used the gravitational lensing technique to construct the three-dimensional map by studying the warped images of half a million faraway galaxies. The new map provides the best evidence to date that normal matter, largely in the form of galaxies, accumulates along the densest concentrations of dark matter. The map stretches halfway back to the beginning of the universe and reveals a loose network of dark-matter filaments.
Astronomers also used Hubble to observe dark matter's distribution in the titanic collisions of clusters of galaxies. In one case, a combination of observations by Hubble and NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory suggests that dark matter and normal matter in the form of hot gas were pulled apart by the smashup between two groupings of galaxies, known as the Bullet Cluster.
In another Hubble gravitational lensing study of another galaxy cluster, astronomers discovered a ghostly ring of dark matter that formed long ago during a clash between two groups of massive galaxies. Astronomers have long suspected that such clusters would fly apart if they relied only on the gravity from their visible stars. The ring is a ripple of dark matter that was pulled apart from normal matter during the collision.
Computer simulations of galaxy cluster collisions show that when two clusters smash together, the dark matter flows through the center of the combined cluster. As it moves outward from the core, it begins to slow down under the pull of gravity and pile up.
Launched in 1990, NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has made slightly more than 1 million observations of 34,500 celestial objects.
In its 22-year lifetime the telescope has made more than 120,000 trips around our planet.
Hubble has racked up plenty of frequent-flier miles, nearly 3 billion, which is roughly Neptune's average distance from the Sun.
Over its more than two decades in space, Hubble has produced more than 60 terabytes of data.
Astronomers using Hubble data have published more than 10,000 scientific papers, making it one of the most productive scientific instruments ever built.
NASA, ESA, D. Lennon and E. Sabbi (ESA/STScI), J. Anderson, S. E. de Mink, R. van der Marel, T. Sohn, and N. Walborn (STScI), N. Bastian (Excellence Cluster, Munich), L. Bedin (INAF, Padua), E. Bressert (ESO), P. Crowther (University of Sheffield), A. de Koter (University of Amsterdam), C. Evans (UKATC/STFC, Edinburgh), A. Herrero (IAC, Tenerife), N. Langer (AifA, Bonn), I. Platais (JHU), and H. Sana (University of Amsterdam)
J.D. Harrington
Headquarters, Washington
Ray Villard / Cheryl Gundy
Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, Md.
410-338-4514 / 410-338-4707
firstname.lastname@example.com / email@example.com


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The annual Nationwide Mercury Prize is almost upon us, with the shortlist of 12 albums that will contest 2008's award revealed next week, on Tuesday (July 22). DiS will be at the announcement and will update readers as soon as we're able, but for now, let's have a little DiScussion.
And I really do mean little, like this is almost it. The rules for making the cut: the album must be produced by a British musician and have been released between last year's awards announcement, in July, and this month. All genres of music are eligible.
Last year's winner was (pictured, celebrating) Klaxons' Myths Of The Near Future (review). And this year's? Well, we're open to your suggestions, but here are 12 albums from domestic acts that we think are pretty special, and should certainly be considered for shortlist-making.
Video: M.I.A., 'Paper Planes' from Kala
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M.I.A., Kala (XL, read review here)
Future of the Left, Curses (Too Pure, read review here)
Burial, Untrue (Hyperdub, read review here)
British Sea Power, Do You Like Rock Music (Rough Trade, read review here)
Foals, Antidotes (Transgressive, read review here)
Elbow, The Seldom Seen Kid (Fiction, read review here)
Fuck Buttons, Street Horrrsing (ATP, read review here)
Johnny Foreigner, Waited Up 'Til It Was Light (Best Before, read review here)
Mystery Jets, Twenty One (sixsevennine, read review here)
Portishead, Third (Island, read review here)
Frightened Rabbit, The Midnight Organ Fight (Fat Cat, read review here)
Wild Beasts, Limbo, Panto (Domino, read review here)
Video: Wild Beasts, 'The Devil's Crayon' from Limbo, Panto
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Notice absence of jazz and classical suggestions, due to DiS's complete lack of knowledge in said fields. And also a lack of a Youthmovies mention… if you want to suggest Good Nature should make the cut, do be our guest. No, really. It is a super, smashing, great album. And fully deserves its many plaudits (even though we couldn't 'officially' review it, or that'd be construed as cheating).
DiScuss: Any dead-certs for the shortlist in the above 12 suggestions? What albums that DiS hasn't mentioned are in with a decent look in? Who do you think will follow Klaxons and win this year's Mercury Prize?

subset: commoncrawl


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Published: Feb 23, 2015
Provides an overview of the Comfort Keepers' unique brand of in-home care services.
Information sheet describes our mission, the Interactive Caregiving™ philosophy and how Comfort Keepers® make a difference.
Brochure introduces technology solutions that complement caregiving to support safe, independent living.
Product information sheets offer a detailed look at the benefits and features of in-home safety technology solutions.
Everyone selects in-home care for different reasons. The keys are to recognize when to introduce care and how to select the right senior care provider.
Before you can determine how to select the right care provider, you must first decide when it's time to introduce care.


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Stellar Motions of Halo Stars in Milky Way
This illustration shows the disk of our Milky Way galaxy, surrounded by a faint, extended halo of old stars. Astronomers using the Hubble Space Telescope to observe the nearby Andromeda galaxy serendipitously identified a dozen foreground stars in the Milky Way halo. They measured the first sideways motions (represented by the arrows) for such distant halo stars. The motions indicate the possible presence of a shell in the halo, which may have formed from the accretion of a dwarf galaxy. This observation supports the view that the Milky Way has undergone continuing growth and evolution over its lifetime by consuming smaller galaxies.
Illustration: NASA, ESA, and A. Feild (STScI);
Science: NASA, ESA, A. Deason and P. Guhathakurta (University of California, Santa Cruz), and R. van der Marel, T. Sohn, and T. Brown (STScI)


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I have seen a lot of folks talk about how Tikki Tooki is weak. I'm pretty sure I agree, as I've used him by far the least in the beta (out of the four base gods, I haven't found Dracul, JJ, Pactmaker, Binlor, Earthmother, etc).
Rather than just talk about him being weak, let's see if we can figure out a way to make him more competitive with his divine colleagues.
I have a really rough time gaining piety from this god. I don't seem to always get the piety for fighting dirty (is this still killing without being hit?). Or is it only lower level monsters? I have first strike, and one-hit monsters my own level and got no piety. Similarly a fireball then hit monster. I was sure using the first strike glyph to take a monster would count as dirty, but no. I end up with boatloads of piety from the other 3 gods, but not as much as I'd like from TT. I just went through a dungeon with TT, and while I didn't donate gold, I ended up earning a total of 74 piety (with 33 gold at the end that I could have converted). This meant that had I bought Poison, I couldn't have gotten any other boon without donating the gold! (This was an easy dungeon run just to remind myself of TT's specifics for this post, so I didn't need to donate the gold, so why not take it home?)
The Boons:
- Tribute - I guess this is nice, being able to get some piety for cash, but so far, even with the bank preparation, I rarely seem to have enough cash that this option is really viable. I'd almost always rather buy something from shops. A one time boon with a better conversion rate may be more tempting?
- Quicksilver - You know what might make this seem more worth it? If the supplied potion was one guaranteed dodge, rather than an increase in dodge chance.
- Reflexes - This one seems more worth it than Quicksilver to me, as I'm imagining myself using it before a boss fight, when I've already got the first strike boon, and getting free hits on the boss. I haven't actually made this happen yet, but that's what I imagine I'm doing. That requires 75 Piety though, and aside from the plant exploit, I have a rough time earning that much piety from TT
- Dodging - Easily the biggest reason that I dislike TT. I dislike the dodge mechanic in general. Pretty much everything else in the game is built on certainty, and then dodging comes in and throws in a die roll. Sure, in Alpha, I threw myself at a boss here or there when all my resources were exhausted, hoping I'd dodge and get the win. I didn't like it, even when it worked. Dodge to me is just the random free piety boosts in combats that I was going to win without it. I want some sort of control over dodge. I want a glyph/item that I can use to avoid the next attack (big mana cost, or consumable item). I guess then it turns into a more powerful version of CYDSTEPP. Maybe the dodge lowers my attack damage for the current or following attack? Maybe it leaves me more vulnerable to the next attack (temporary lowered resistances). I just really, really, really want dodging to turn into another cool tactical/strategic choice for the player rather than a throw of the dice.
- Poison - Amazing boon, particularly with the right class combo. Expensive though. Am I the only one having trouble earning piety from TT?
- First Strike - This one sounds awesome, but works out to be less useful than poison, in my mind. I look at both as ways to get xp bonuses from higher level monsters, and poison is more effective for this (as it works on monsters that have first strike). Poison is also useful on the boss, while first strike may save you, if you were one hit from success, but likely isn't the deciding factor. Not necessarily arguing for a removal of this boon, just maybe a cheapening of it relative to poison.
General Thoughts:
- I haven't found the Witch in the east yet (seriously, where is she?), but I wonder if those potion boons will get even less appealing once I get her.
- Based upon the unlocking quest, Tikki Tooki likes to trick people. I wonder if that can be worked into a boon somehow? Fool the enemy into some sort of debuffed state? Switch an (or all?) enemy's physical/magic resists (or damage types)?
Sorry if I babbled on too long, hope something in here was interesting to someone!


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This marks the third year of such funding through the 2002 farm bill.
"This is a terrific opportunity for Georgia agricultural producers," says J. Craig Scroggs, cooperative development specialist for USDA-Rural Development. "We encourage people to apply."
Eligible entities include independent producers, agricultural producer groups, farmer or rancher cooperatives and majority-controlled producer-based business ventures.
Grants are awarded in one of two categories - planning or working capital. Planning grants can be used to fund feasibility studies or business plans needed to establish a viable value-added business venture or an alliance that will allow producers to better compete in domestic and international markets. Applications must be for one of these purposes but can't be for both.
Full details about this program can be accessed via the Internet at: http://frwebgate4.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/waisgate.cgi?WAISdocID=03550314900+2+0+0&WAISaction=retrieve.
Georgia had four projects funded in 2002 under this new program, totaling $315,350. Projects funded included:
o Concordia, LLC, Asburn, Ga. — $15,000 — To determine the feasibility of collectively marketing peanuts by cleaning, grading and segregating the peanuts according to variety and grade.
o Jacob W. Paulk Farms, Inc., Wray, Ga. — $126,350 — To establish a working capital account to fund the development of processes to enhance the value of muscadines into anti-oxidant powders and a healthy, good-tasting juice.
o Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission for Pecans, Atlanta, Ga. — $25,000 — To conduct marketing research to determine the feasibility of establishing a branded "Georgia Grown" pecan.
o Farmers Oilseed Cooperative, Inc., Tifton, Ga. — $149,000 — To develop a detailed business and marketing plan for the oilseeds processed in their crushing/refining facility.
To see other projects funded under this initiative last year, visit http://www.rurdev.usda.gov/rd/newsroom/2002/value_ad.htm.


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Margaret Anne Peterson Minter passed away peacefully at the home of her lifelong friend, the late Shirley Fales, in Douglas, Ga., on Dec. 24, 2012.
the home of her lifelong friend, the late Shirley Fales, in Douglas, Ga., on Dec. 24, 2012. She was cared for lovingly in her last days by Bethany Hospice and Cathy Wallace, Jessie Paulk and Doris Deleon.
Anne was a member of Lone Hill United Methodist Church.
She was predeceased by her parents, Daniel Tilden Peterson and Bertie Estelle Parker Peterson; her spouse, Jerry Minter; her brothers and their wives, Luke and Virginia Batten Peterson and Tom and Nadine Peterson; and by her sister, Nell Peterson Jardine. Anne also survived her special aunt, Nettie, and other aunts and uncles; her niece, Linda Peterson Johnson and Wayne Johnson; her nephews, Jimmy and Jeff Jardine; and her stepdaughter, Linda Minter. Many lifetime friends and cousins also predeceased Anne.
Anne is survived by her sons and their families, Christopher Stearns and Kathryn West of Dalton, Ga., Jonathan, Lisa, Alessandra and Christina Stearns, all of New York, N.Y.; and Michael, Patricia and Alexander Minter of Bowling Green, Ky.; and also stepsons, Paul Minter and Steve Minter and their families.
Richard Peterson and Beth Peterson Sumner, Anne's nephew and niece, and their families were also very close to her heart. Danielle and Anna Marie Sumner were, according to Anne, her "Georgia Granddaughters." She also leaves many dear nephews, nieces, cousins and friends.
Anne Peterson Minter was born Nov. 19, 1928, at home in Huffer, Ga. She was the eldest of four children and attended West Green School and Douglas High School, where she was salutatorian for her class. Anne earned an A.S. from South Georgia College in Douglas, Ga., a B.S. in chemistry from Women's College of Georgia in Milledgeville, Ga., and a M.A. in microbiology from Duke University. Her Doctorate was earned from the University of Tennessee. She was a brilliant student and spent her career in education.
After living in England for several years, in the early 1960s Anne returned to the States and joined the faculty of Columbus College in Columbus, Ga., as Associate Professor and head of the Chemistry Department. While continuing to pursue advanced degrees, she later moved her family to Oak Ridge, Tenn., to work on a fellowship with Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
In 1970, Anne married Jerry Minter, a physicist at the laboratory, and their families joined together. In 1971, Anne and eleven other educators joined the staff of the new Roane State Community College and she served as head of the Mathematics and Science Division until her retirement at age of 60 as professor emeritus of chemistry. Upon retirement, Anne returned home to Douglas.
Some of the more remarkable career achievements during her life include various scholarships and fellowships, the Distinguished Professor Award at Columbus College in 1966, and the Southern Regional Award for 1975 from the Manufacturing Chemists Association, an award based on contribution to chemistry education. When Roane State Community College celebrated its 40th anniversary recently, the conference room of the Mathematics and Sciences Division was named in her honor. Anne was also proud of her retirement work of tutoring local students in chemistry and math. She served the Coffee Regional Medical Center Auxiliary for over 23 years.
Anne was avid player of bridge and most likely held the Coffee County record for completing the New York Times crossword puzzle in the least amount of time. She loved to travel, a life hobby that was recently showcased in the "Coffee County Magazine." A voracious reader, Anne was a regular at the local library and loved sharing books with family and friends. The family therapy dog, Chester, was a favorite of Anne's.
In lieu of flowers, please consider a donation to Lone Hill United Methodist Church of Douglas, Ga., in care of Maggie Crosby, 4540 U.S. Hwy 221 N, Douglas, GA 31533, or the Coffee Regional Medical Center Auxiliary, in care of Coffee Regional Medical Center, 1101 Ocilla Rd, Douglas, GA 31533.
The family received friends on Dec. 26 at Sims Funeral Home.
A memorial service to honor Anne Minter is planned for Sunday, April 7, 2013, at Lone Hill United Methodist Church in Douglas, Ga. The church will conduct regular first Sunday services. The family will greet friends at 1 p.m. and the memorial service will begin at 1:30 p.m.


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8micron Ultra-Thin Articulating Film
Bausch Arti-Fol Plastic w/Dispenser 1/S 22 mm Blue 8μ BK 23
In stock
In stock
Bausch Arti-Fol 8micron Occlusion films are especially suitable for representing static and dynamic occlusion in several colours. The first step is to inspect the concentric contact (static occlusion) in red and the second step to inspect the eccentric contacts (dynamic occlusion) in black. The colour sequence can always be alternated. Several different colours can be used for a much more precise representation of dynamic occlusion. Bausch Arti-Fol is available in five different colours. All films are available with double-sided colour coating for the marking of antagonistic contacts.


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Jury finds Pioneer owes Monsanto A U.S. district court jury in St. Louis unanimously found that Pioneer Hi-Bred International breached a 1993 contract that licensed Monsanto's gene technology used in YieldGard Bt corn. The two companies have agreed that Pioneer's future sales of YieldGard corn will be subject to a royalty paid to Monsanto so growers can have access to Monsanto's technology in the hybrids of their choice.
Dow buys Cargill Seeds Dow's subsidiary Mycogen Seeds will acquire the assets of Cargill Hybrid Seeds to create a larger and more efficient platform to launch biotechnology products. The purchase, which includes most seed research, production and distribution assets, makes Mycogen the third largest U.S. seed corn producer.
Wheat brown bagger caught AgriPro Wheat received a court-ordered cash settlement and an injunction against a Texas seed supplier for illegally selling AgriPro wheat seed, a violation of the Plant Variety Protection Act. B&B Farm Industries, Spearman, TX, is now prohibited from marketing any beardless wheat seed for reproductive purposes as Variety Not Stated (VNS) until April 2011.


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Find Your Perfect Home.
Schoolcraft Real Estate
Schoolcraft is located in Michigan. Schoolcraft, Michigan has a population of 1,566. Schoolcraft is more family-centric than the surrounding county with 35.39% of the households containing married families with children. The county average for households married with children is 30.15%.
The median household income in Schoolcraft, Michigan is $40,337. The median household income for the surrounding county is $46,356 compared to the national median of $53,482. The median age of people living in Schoolcraft is 38.7 years.
Schoolcraft Weather
The average high temperature in July is 83.3 degrees, with an average low temperature in January of 17.5 degrees. The average rainfall is approximately 37.9 inches per year, with inches of snow per year.
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Product Repair: switch inner wires leads, handy with a soldering iron required
Presupuesto $3000-5000 USD
I am looking for someone who is handy with a soldering iron, can help us to rewire/switch the white and black leads as they come in from the cord at the base of our products. Items located in Sugar Creek, MO 64058 warehouse, you may need to bring soldering iron, solder paste, and other wiring tools(like screwdriver etc.). Total number need to be repaired is 986 atmost. Attached a repair steps picture for your reference. Hope someone would like to help us!


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Chennai To Kiul Trains
Following is the list of all the trains running between Chennai to KiulRailwayStations:
|Train Name
|Patna Express
|Chennai Central
|Kiul Jn
You can also check trains from Kiul to Chennai
Chennai Central
Station Code - MAS Arrival & Departure Enquiry - 131, 133 (BG), 134 (MG), 044 - 25357780 Reservation Enquiry - 132, 1361 Station Details -Chennai Central railway station is one of the major rail heads of the Southern Railways, located 4 km from the city centre. The railway station is connected by a number of superfast, express and mail trains with all the important places of the country. Chennai Central offers daily services to Mysore, Kanyakumari, Trivandrum and many other nearby destinations. Tamil Nadu State Road Transport Corporation (TNSRTC) bus stand is located close to the railway station, from where city buses and long distance buses ply for various places. Excellent accommodation options are provided by the hotels in the station vicinity.
Chennai Central Railway Station
Amenities: Medical Shops, Tourist Information Centres, Post & Telegraph Office, Computer Reservation Office, Retring Room, Waiting Room, Refreshment (Veg/ Non-Veg), Tea Stall/Light Refreshment, Book Stall.
Distances From: Airport (20 km), Marina Beach (3.4 km), Egmore (3.2 km), Fort St George (3.1 km), Kapaleswara Temple (6.4 km), Adyar River Estuary (10 km), Theosophical Society (11 km), Elliot's Beach (12 km), Crocodile Bank (40 km).
Chennai to Kiul Train Tickets | Railway Reservation | Book Online
About Chennai City
Chennai, formerly known as Madras is the capital city of Tamil Nadu state. One of the four metros of India, Chennai is set on the Coromandel Coast of Bay of Bengal. Founded in the 17th century by British, Chennai represent a fine combination of ancient, imperial and modern. Even today several ancient buildings and cathedrals built by the British in the Indo-Saracenic architectural style can be seen across the city. Chennai is famous world over for Marina Beach (12 km), worlds second longest beach. Fort St George is another attraction of Chennai, which houses a museum, Clive House and the St Marys Church, the oldest Anglican Church in Asia. Other attractions in and around Chennai include Kapaleswara Temple, St Thomas Mount, Adyar River Estuary, the Theosophical Society, Elliots Beach and the Crocodile Bank. Chennai is an industrial hub and houses automobile, information technology, hardware manufacturing and healthcare industries. The city is also an important centre for the Bharatnatyam, a classical dance form.Check your PNR status and IRCTC Seat Availability. Also,book your IRCTC Tickets Online.
More About - Chennai To Kiul Trains
If you're planning to travel from Chennai to Kiul , here's a list of trains that you can choose from! Some of the trains running on this route are Patna Express. The train departs from stations Chennai Central. The train starts from various stations in Chennai like There are different trains that travel and time taken by these trains varies from34 hrs 50 mins to 34 hours 50 mins. Choose your pickup points with various trains from Chennai Central( like Patna Express ).


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SAMJ: South African Medical Journal
On-line version ISSN 2078-5135
Print version ISSN 0256-9574
SAMJ, S. Afr. med. j. vol.99 n.8 Cape Town Aug. 2009
Hospital and community isolates of uropathogens at a tertiary hospital in South Africa
T M HabteI; S DubeII, *; N IsmailIII; A A HoosenIV
IMB ChB, Department of Microbiological Pathology, University of Limpopo, Medunsa Campus, Pretoria
IIMB ChB, DTM&H, MPH, Department of Microbiological Pathology, University of Limpopo, Medunsa Campus, Pretoria
IIIMB ChB, MMed, FC Path Med Micro, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria
IVMSc, MB ChB, MMed, FC Path Med Micro, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria
AIM: To investigate the profile of common uropathogens isolated from urine specimens submitted to the diagnostic microbiology laboratory at a tertiary teaching hospital and assess their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns to commonly used antimicrobial agents.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of laboratory reports for all urine specimens submitted for investigations over a 1-year period. Isolates were tested by means of the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method for susceptibility to amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, co-trimoxazole and nitrofurantoin, and for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production.
RESULTS: Out of the total specimens (N=2 203) received over the 1-year study period, 51.1% (1 126) of the urine samples were culture-positive, the majority (65.4%) having come from females. The most common isolate was Escherichia coli (39.0%) followed by Klebsiella species (20.8%) and Enterococcus faecalis (8.2%). The Gram-negative isolates displayed a very high level of resistance to amoxicillin (range 43 - 100%) and co-trimoxazole (range 29 - 90%), whereas resistance to gentamicin (range 0 - 50%) and ciprofloxacin (range 0 - 33%) was lower. E. coli isolates were susceptible to nitrofurantoin (94%), and ESBL production was significantly higher (p=0.01) in the hospital isolates, compared with those from the community referral sites.
CONCLUSIONS: The culture-positive rate for uropathogens was high, with a greater incidence among females. E. coli was the most common aetiological agent identified, and remained susceptible to nitrofurantoin. Resistance levels to amoxicillin and co-trimoxazole were very high for all Gram-negative isolates, and it is recommended that these antibiotics should not be used for the empiric treatment of urinary tract infections.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a major public health problem in terms of morbidity and financial cost, and incur the highest total health care cost among urological diseases, exceeding that of chronic renal failure even when dialysis and renal transplantation are included.1 The introduction of antimicrobial therapy has contributed significantly to the management of UTIs; however, the main problem with current antibiotic therapies is the rapid emergence of antimicrobial resistance in hospitals and the community.2
Routinely, urine culture and sensitivity is done to determine the cause of sepsis. Although the literature mostly profiles antimicrobial susceptibility in children, studies of uropathogens in adults show that in the last decade many urinary tract pathogens have become resistant to antimicrobial agents. This is of major public health importance, especially concerning Escherichia coli, a commonly isolated uropathogen, and other Enterobacteriaceae which have become less susceptible to widely used antibiotics such as ampicillin, amoxicillin, co-amoxiclav and co-trimoxazole.3 All institutions should therefore continue surveillance of uropathogens, since antibiotic resistance varies over time, and their antimicrobial profile also varies depending on the locality from which they were isolated.4
This retrospective study investigated the common uropathogens isolated from patients attending Dr George Mukhari (DGM) Hospital in Ga-Rankuwa, Pretoria, and surrounding referral clinics and hospitals. DGM is a teaching tertiary hospital about 30 km north-west of Pretoria. The susceptibility pattern of the uropathogens to different antimicrobial agents was analysed, and we compared the resistance pattern of the uropathogens isolated at DGM with those from its referral sites.
Materials and methods
We reviewed laboratory records of urine specimens submitted for investigations from patients admitted to various specialties at DGM and its referral clinics over a 1-year period (1 November 2005 - 31 October 2006). Data collected included patients' age and sex, location (hospital or clinic), significant urinary isolates and their antimicrobial susceptibility profile.
Routine processing of urine specimens at the laboratory includes microscopic examination for cell count and culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Culture is done using a calibrated loop; 0.001 ml of urine is inoculated on 5% sheep blood agar and MacConkey agar plates. The presence of at least 105 colony-forming units (CFU) per ml of urine is considered as significant bacteriuria. The colonies are identified by means of standard biochemical tests. Susceptibility testing is done using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. McFarland 0.5 standardised suspension of bacteria (1.5×108 CFU/ml) is prepared and swabbed over the surface of a Mueller-Hinton agar plate. Paper discs containing single-concentration antimicrobial agent are placed onto the surface; these plates are then incubated at 35°C for 18 - 24 hours. Diameters and inhibition zones produced by the antimicrobial substance are measured, and a millimetre reading for each antimicrobial agent is compared with that specified in the interpretive tables provided in the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) documents.5
Isolates were tested for susceptibility to the following antibiotics: amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, co-trimoxazole and nitrofurantoin, and for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production.
Uropathogens from DGM and the referral sites are listed in Table I. A positive culture for uropathogens was found in 1 125 (51.1%) of the 2 203 urine samples submitted for culture. Among the 1 125 culture-positive samples, a total of 1 235 isolates was obtained; of the samples, 1 015 (90.2%) had a single organism cultured, and 110 (9.8%) had more than one isolate.
The mean age of patients with culture-positive specimens was 35.2 years (SD 21.1 years); 736 (65.4%) were female, 360 (32%) male, and gender was not specified in 29 (2.6%).
The most common isolate at DGM was E. coli (38%), followed by Klebsiella species (22%), Enterococcus faecalis (8%) and Proteus species (7%). The trend was similar at the referral sites, the most common being E. coli (42%), followed by Klebsiella species (15%), E. faecalis (11%), and Enterobacter species (5%) (Figs 1 and 2).
Most of the common Gram-negative isolates displayed a very high level of resistance to amoxicillin (range 43 - 100%) and co-trimoxazole (range 29 - 90%) for isolates from both DGM and elsewhere. Resistance to gentamicin (range 0 - 50%) was lower, with similar results from the referral sites. Resistance to ciprofloxacin (range 0 - 33%) was also lower, with similar results from the referral sites (most notably to Proteus spp., which did not show any resistance (0%)) (Table II).
E. coli resistance to nitrofurantoin (6%) was very low; however, resistance to K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis was high: 44% and 82% respectively (49 out of 60 isolates) for DGM. ESBL production was significantly higher (p=0.01) among DGM isolates than in those from the referral sites.
E. coli was highly resistant to amoxicillin and co-trimoxazole at DGM, with similar results for the referral sites; however, it remains susceptible to nitrofurantoin with no variation at the referral sites. ESBL production was significantly lower (p=0.01) among the non-DGM isolates (Fig. 3).
E. coli (39.0%) was the most common uropathogen isolated at DGM and the referral sites, followed by Klebsiella species (20.8%) and E. faecalis (8.2%). This finding is in keeping with studies from other developing countries,1,4,6-9 where E. coli was the predominant uropathogen, followed by K. pneumoniae. The distribution of the uropathogens at DGM was similar to that at the referral sites. The culture-positive rate (51%) for uropathogens was higher than found in Nicaragua9 and India,10 with culture rates of 30% and 39% respectively. For the culture-positive specimens, 65% were from females and 32% from males, which is a finding similar to those reported from India10 (63% females and 37% males) and Palestine11 (75% females and 25% males). These findings are to be expected as women are more prone to UTIs than men.
The common Gram-negative isolates had a very high-level resistance to amoxicillin and co-trimoxazole, as in reports from the Central African Republic6 and India4,10 and from a previous local study on urinary E. coli.12 This high level of resistance may be attributed to the frequent use of these antibiotics for therapy and prophylaxis. Although these common Gram-negative bacteria displayed much lower resistance to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin compared with other antimicrobial agents, the levels of resistance were higher than found in studies from the Central African Republic,6 Kuwait,2 and even than the urinary E. coli isolates finding in the previous local study.12
E. coli isolates are susceptible to nitrofurantoin at DGM and the referral sites. However, K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis are less susceptible to nitrofurantoin; similar findings were reported in several other countries.1,2,7,13,14 ESBL production was significantly higher (p=0.01) in DGM than non-DGM isolates, reflecting greater use of broad-spectrum antibiotics for the hospitalised patient population.
In our study, the culture-positive rate for uropathogens was high, with the majority coming from female patients. As expected, E. coli was the most common aetiological agent identified, and remains susceptible to nitrofurantoin. It would therefore be the ideal antibiotic to use for uncomplicated lower UTIs. Resistance levels to amoxicillin and co-trimoxazole are extremely high, and we recommend that these antibiotics should not be used for the empiric treatment of UTIs. However, it was beyond the scope of this study to determine whether co-amoxiclav instead would be a suitable antibiotic. Although most of the isolates remain sensitive to ciprofloxacin, of interest is its use in managing multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa. A policy decision must be made on whether this drug should be restricted from use in other conditions such as UTI so that it may be used more specifically if not exclusively in tuberculosis.
Our study provides useful information for the proper treatment of UTIs and discourages the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, so helping to prevent further development of drug-resistant bacteria a major public health problem in both hospital- and community-acquired UTIs. We therefore suggest a continual audit of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among uropathogens as a cause of morbidity, especially in children, for the purpose of gathering more data.
We thank the DGM laboratory personnel for their assistance in the collection of specimens.
1. Gales AC, Sader HS, Jones RN, The SENTRY Participants Group (Latin America). Urinary tract infection trends in Latin American hospitals: report from the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program (1997-2000). Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2002; 44: 289-299. [ Links ]
2. Al-Sweih N, Jamal W, Rotimi VO. Spectrum and antibiotic resistance of uropathogens isolated from hospital and community patients with urinary tract infections in two large hospitals in Kuwait. Med Princ Pract 2005; 14: 401-407. [ Links ]
3. Kahlmeter G. The ECOSENS Project: A prospective, multinational, multicentre epidemiological survey of the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of urinary tract pathogens interim report. J Antimicrob Chemother 2000; 46: 15-22. [ Links ]
4. Gupta V, Yadav A, Joshi RM. Antibiotic resistance pattern in uropathogens. Indian J Med Microbiol 2002; 20: 96-98. [ Links ]
5. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Fifteenth Informational Supplement. CLSI document M100-S16 (ISBN 1-56238-588-7). Wayne, PA, USA: 2005. [ Links ]
6. Hima-Lerible H, Menard D, Talarmin A. Antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens that cause community-acquired urinary tract infections in Bangui, Central African Republic. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003; 51: 192-194. [ Links ]
7. Dromigny JA, Ndoye B, Macondo EA, Nabeth P, Siby T, Perrier-Gros-Claude JD. Increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among Enterobacteriaceae uropathogens in Dakar, Senegal: a multicenter study. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2003; 47: 595-600. [ Links ]
8. Stratchounski LS, Rafalski VV. Antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens isolated from adult patients with uncomplicated community-acquired urinary tract infections in the Russian Federation: two multicentre studies, UTIAP-1 and UTIAP-2. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2006; 28S: S4-S9. [ Links ]
9. Matute AJ, Hak E, Schurink CAM, et al. Resistance of uropathogens in symptomatic urinary tract infections in León, Nicaragua. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2004; 23: 506-509. [ Links ]
10. Tambekar DH, Dhanorkar DV, Gulhane DR, Khanadelwal VK, Dudhane MN. Antibacterial susceptibility of some urinary tract pathogens to commonly used antibiotics. Afr J Biotechnol 2006; 5: 1562-1565. [ Links ]
11. Astal ZY, Sharif FA. Relationship between demographic characteristics and community-acquired urinary tract infection. East Mediterr Health J 2002; 8: 164-171. [ Links ]
12. Sein PP, Mogoregi TE, Hoosen AA. Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Escherichia coli strains isolated from mid stream urine specimens at Ga-Rankuwa hospital. Geneeskunde 1998; 40: 12-15. [ Links ]
13. Zhanel GG, Karlowsky JA, Harding GKM, et al. A Canadian National Surveillance Study of urinary tract isolates from outpatients: comparison of the activities of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, mecillinam, nitrofurantoin, and ciprofloxacin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000; 44: 1089-1092. [ Links ]
14. Farrell DJ, Morrissey I, De Rubeis D, Robbins M, Felmingham D. A UK multicentre study of the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial pathogens causing urinary tract infection. J Infect 2003; 46: 94-100. [ Links ]
Accepted 3 March 2009.
* Corresponding author: S Dube (email@example.com)


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WASHINGTON, Aug. 27 (UPI) -- A 100-day scorecard, corporate discipline and a hands-on management style are three things Mitt Romney promised to institute if he's elected U.S. president.
Romney, who will be formally nominated as the GOP presidential candidate this week during the Republican National Convention in Tampa, Fla., also said he would treat his Cabinet as a board of directors and it would be dominated by people from the private sector, Politico reported.
What people see is what people will get, Romney told Politico during a 30-minute interview.
He vowed to keep his focus on a relentlessly goal-driven, business-oriented approach to national government that helped mold his life.
"I know there are some people who do a very good job acting and pretending they're something they're not," Romney said. "You get what you see. I am who I am."
Saying he doesn't think "everybody likes me," Romney said he does believe "people of this country are looking for someone who can get the country growing again with more jobs and more take-home pay, and I think they realize this president had four years to do that. ... He got every piece of legislation he wanted passed, and it didn't work. I think they want someone who has a different record, and I do."
Romney also indicated he was tiring of the criticism that he is wooden or wasn't connecting with voters, Politico said. He said he was able to unite people of divergent views to rescue the Olympics, initiate profit-making ideas at Bain Capital and lead Massachusetts, a Democratic state.
While acknowledging opposition ads have had some impact, Romney said people would have a chance to get to know him better during the the ensuing weeks and debates "when people are actually paying a lot of attention to the candidates."
Romney said he would take a hands-on approach and consider varying viewpoints on an issue before reaching a decision, Politico said.
But Romney said his one bugaboo is organization.
"I think one of the things I don't do terribly well is to be highly organized and follow a calendar precisely," he said.
Even though he would take the hands-on approach, Romney said he would delegate responsibilities.
"Having people who have actually run things in the private sector or who have been actively involved in the private sector will be of real interest to me," he said.


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Certification and Authentication of documents
Seal of notary public, © colourbox.com
Sometimes, even when abroad, Germans and foreigners may need to have documents certified or signatures or manual signs, transcripts or copies authenticated. Local notaries and authorities are not always able to be of assistance if the document in question is required in Germany.
Certification and authentication of documents by German missions abroad
Sometimes, even when abroad, Germans and foreigners may need to have documents certified or signatures or manual signs, transcripts or copies authenticated. Local notaries and authorities are not always able to be of assistance if the document in question is a marriage contract, a statement in parent and child matters, a will, an application for a certificate of inheritance or a contract to purchase real estate which is required in Germany. In such cases, the German embassies and consulates are often the places to go. German consular officers are empowered by statute to undertake such legal acts for the purposes of German law (section 2 of the Konsulargesetz (Consular Act)). Documents executed before a consular officer rank equally with those executed before a notary in Germany (section 10 (2) Konsulargesetz). The fees are levied in accordance with the Auslandskostenverordnung (Foreign Costs Ordinance) and are roughly equivalent to those charged by German notaries.
Consular officers only certify documents where this is necessary, i.e. where German law requires that a document be certified. They do not compete with German notaries. They merely offer a supplementary service which would not otherwise be available. Consular officers have a discretionary duty; unlike notaries in Germany who may not refuse their services without sufficient reason, they are not obliged to execute certifications.
Please note that not every mission has a consular officer empowered to undertake all certifications. If you want to have a document certified abroad by a German consular officer, you should ask, when making an appointment, whether the local staff can in fact help you. In particular where complicated real estate transactions or transactions under company law are involved, it is recommended that you bring a draft drawn up by a consultant notary in Germany with you. The addresses of the appropriate German missions can be found on the Country Information internet pages or be obtained by calling the Foreign Office's automated helpline on +49(0)30-5000-2000.
A signature or manual sign is authenticated by being acknowledged or executed in the presence of a consular officer. Signatures on documents to be kept on file at a court may only be authenticated by being executed in the presence of a consular officer. In both cases, the person whose signature or manual sign is to be authenticated must appear in person.
When certifying that transcripts or copies are true copies of originals or certified transcripts/copies, the original or certified transcript/copy must be presented to the consular officer. A transcript or copy of a non-authenticated transcript cannot be authenticated.
Typical documents requiring certification
Applications for certificates of inheritance
A certificate of inheritance is, according to section 2353 et seq. of the German Civil Code, an official certificate regulating the rights to property left behind by a deceased person. It is issued by a Court of Probate and can be applied for via a German mission abroad; the missions can also certify the application. Such applications are standard business for the missions.
Marriage contracts and contracts of inheritance; testamentary dispositions (wills)
Company representatives, development assistance experts, pensioners and students often live abroad permanently or for longer periods of time and want to make dispositions which would, in Germany, have to be executed by a notary. People also often wish to clearly regulate the legal consequences of a planned marriage before entering into it (for example by making agreements regarding matrimonial property and what will happen to it if the marriage is later dissolved).
Please note: Given the desirability of long-term planning and the legal options for shaping marital relations it is necessary to seek thorough advice, which can best be obtained from a notary during a visit to Germany. An assessment of your particular case is often necessary, especially when the marriage is between nationals of two different states. Such an advisory session tends to cover issues such as matrimonial property, maintenance obligations and provision in old age. Notaries often recommend that, in addition to a marriage contract, you execute further dispositions together (such as contracts of inheritance/joint wills), if possible in Germany. If your visit to Germany is too short to conclude the business, you should bring the draft documents drawn up by your lawyer or notary with you.
Click here for further information on getting married abroad.
Same-sex partnership contracts
Just as they can certify marriage contracts (see above), consular officers may also certify partnership contracts pursuant to section 7 of the Registered Partnership Act. Consular officers are not yet authorized to perform the ceremony for entering into a registered partnership.
Real estate matters
Consular officers can also certify sales of real estate and powers of attorney needed for such sales, just like a notary (section 10 (2) Konsulargesetz). But where a complicated transaction is involved, drafts drawn up by German lawyers or notaries should be produced or alternatively the sale of land should be certified in Germany. In some cases it may be sensible to conclude a real estate transaction through a person without power of attorney and to approve his actions post facto.
Acknowledgements of paternity
Consular officers also record acknowledgements of paternity and the mother's or child's consent thereto, in so far as German law is applicable and compatible with the law of the host country. Maintenance obligations and custody declarations for German jurisdictions may also be certified.
Statements by witnesses made before consular officers for German court hearings
Following a request by a German court, specially authorized consular officers can examine witnesses and certify their statements. They can also administer oaths to witnesses.
Ships' protests under the law of the sea
If a German merchant ship has suffered damage, consular officers can, if so requested, help the captain preserve evidence. Ships' protests document losses for the insurance company and the ship owner. They are now rare due to improvements in international communications.
Authentication of translations
Translations and translators' certifications cannot as a rule be authenticated by consular officers, although, if the relevant conditions are met, it is possible for the signature of the translator to be authenticated, should this be necessary. Such an authentication would not however certify the accuracy of the translation.
Certifying the correctness and completeness of a translation
German authorities normally require translations of foreign-language documents. These translations should if possible be done by a translator sworn or certified in Germany. Whether a translation completed abroad may be used in Germany is a question which the authority requesting it decides at its own discretion.
Translations are classified as expert services, not as public documents. They cannot therefore be legalized by German missions abroad. It is however theoretically possible for the competent authority to confirm that the translator is a recognized expert and this official confirmation can then be legalized. However, in many countries there are no sworn or certified translators. Moreover, the legalization of an official confirmation could give the impression that the consular officer also confirms the correctness of the translation. Since this is usually not the case, the consular officer should as a rule refrain from legalizing such documents.
Addresses of translators in Germany can be obtained from courts of law.
Translating documents
Translating documents is not one of the usual tasks of a German mission abroad. Consular officers may instead confirm the correctness and completeness of a translation if they have sufficient knowledge of the local language. The missions themselves decide if they can offer this service or if they have to tell applicants to contact a sworn translator.
Certifications/Authentications by foreign notaries
When you need a certification or authentication, it may often seem easier, quicker and cheaper to go to a notary abroad. At international level, however, the mutual recognition of certifications and authentications is still not regulated at all or only in some specific fields as regards equivalence with German certifications and authentications. Equivalence is at present only recognized under certain narrowly defined conditions, and so every case must be considered individually. A pragmatic method has so far only been adopted for the recognition of the equivalence of the authentication of photocopies by foreign notaries.
Please note that the issue of equivalence is quite different from the issue of the (physical) authenticity of a foreign public document.
For further information on the recognition of the authenticity of foreign public documents click here.
The German Institute in Taipei, Taiwan
The Federal Republic of Germany does not maintain diplomatic relations with Taiwan. But the German Institute, an unofficial governmental mission, has been up and running since 1 February 2000. The staff at this office are entitled to draw up certificates and authenticate signatures, transcripts and copies. The office's official seal includes the federal eagle, the circumscription "The Federal Republic of Germany" and the number of the seal.
Honorary consuls
Honorary consuls work on an honorary basis and are often foreign nationals, some of whom do not speak German. They are consular officers as defined by the Consular Act, and in principle may be granted the same powers as career consular officers under the Consular Act and other legislative and administration regulations. However, an honorary consul's legal and factual ability to provide assistance may differ considerably from that of an embassy or career consular post.
Honorary consuls are not empowered to certify documents. On the other hand, they may authenticate signatures and photocopies.
If you have any questions about what an honorary consul is entitled to do, feel free to ask the German mission responsible for his or her district. An honorary consul may indeed be subject to further restrictions in addition to those that stem directly from the Consular Act.


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Reviewed by Joel A. (age 9)
My favorite part of the story is when Patrick kicks the doctor on the head by mistake because he did not sit still. What I learned from the story was that if you do something a lot you will get used to it. The story reminds me of the time I tipped over my chair and I fell. I think the pictures are really nice. What is special about this book is it teaches a very good lesson.
The boy who will like this book is my brother because he doesn't sit still. If he reads this he will learn a lesson. Other kids should read this book because it teaches them to sit still because they could have an accident. I will recommend it because they will learn to be safe.


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Tinox wrote: Do you have any cookie restrictions?
Not that I am aware of. It only happens when I go to the IC pages, oddly enough. When I post here and then click into the "Alliance" IC page, I am logged out and have to re-log. LOL Meh, I'm not concerned, just a very minor hassle.


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Industry News
MMA Superstar, Diego Sanchez Endorses Deer Antler Velvet Spray (IGF-1 Plus) From Nutronics Labs
Diego Sanchez has committed himself to a rigorous and all natural training regimen to prepare for his next MMA bout, which includes deer antler velvet spray from Nutronics Labs.
Jan. 28, 2013 - PRLog -- CHICAGO -- UFC fan favorite Diego Sanchez is scheduled to fight against Takanori Gomi on March 3, 2013 at UFC on Fuel TV 8. Diego, the first "Ultimate Fighter" TV show winner, has also announced his decision to drop down from welterweight to lightweight, once again.
In order to handle the weight drop and train safely, Diego has committed himself to a rigorous and all-natural training regimen, which includes deer antler velvet spray from Nutronics Labs. Diego Sanchez recently tweeted:
-- "Can't wait to get the best deer antler velvet available in my system"
-- "@NutronicsLabs - Big thank you to @DrRickLentini & Jason Hale & most of all Jesus Christ for showing me the best natural supplement ever"
-- "So stoked to be crushing the kettlebells 7 days a week. Amazing how the strength comes back after a long rest. @NutronicsLabs"
To build strength, endurance, and recover at record speed, Diego uses "IGF-1 Plus Super Max" which is 200,000 nanograms of the most potent deer antler velvet in the world. He also uses Nutronics Labs' "Sleep Miracle," an all-natural spray that helps him sleep deep, night after night. Proper sleep is crucial
for even faster recovery.
Diego loves Nutronics Labs' products so much, he recently became the first major UFC fighter to step forward and endorse the world's largest manufacturer of deer antler velvet supplements:
"I am very grateful to have discovered Nutronics Labs' Deer Antler Velvet spray, IGF-1 Plus! The recovery and healing benefits are like nothing I have ever experienced. After 10 years of professional mixed martial arts competition, I've learned that quicker recovery means more efficient training. Best of all, it is all-natural and is perfect for "professional extremists" like myself. Go hard or go home!"
Nutronics Labs CEO, Dr. Rick Lentini said "We welcome Diego to the Nutronics Team and our long list of supporters currently reaping the benefits of IGF-1 Plus. He represents the hard working man, like the growing number of our customers. We are pleased that Diego recognizes and appreciates that Nutronics Labs has a Natural supplement that can take you to the next level without the risk of side effects!"
To learn more about Nutronics Labs and the purest, most potent deer antler velvet sprays in the world, visit: http://www.NutronicsLabs.com
Follow Diego on Twitter: @DiegoSanchezUFC
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text:
Latin Lesson 9rename
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- Original (pdf) 516 kB
ISPRS 2003 Mars for Plan 9
After GUI was spread, we have to deal with huge sized programs written for investigation of planetary data. There are many commercial based utilities to make those smaller such that GUI libraries or more abstracted forms as language based IDL etc... Those utilities are, unfortunately, suffered from very often updates, which makes us annoying sometime. We searched many operating systems and found Plan 9 from Bell Labs, which was newly designed from scratch with the aim of replacing Unix in a future, and has a very compact graphics system. Plan 9 is now open to researchers without fee. Based on this Plan 9 OS, we expected to make a smaller sized and well featured GUI program for our investigation of Mars MOLA and image data, and got such with total C source codes of about 10,300 lines. We call this program as marsv.
- Mimetype
- application/pdf
- Filename
- Okamoto_isprs_mar03_full.pdf
- Publisher
- Originator
- Kenji Okamoto, Yoshitatsu Suzuki
- Group
- Astrogeology
- Added to Astropedia
- 14 May 2012
- Modified
- 9 July 2013
- Geospatial Data Presentation Form
- Document
Geospatial Information
- Quad Name


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As the year winds down, WitOut collects lists from comedy performers and fans of their favorite moments, comedians, groups, shows, etc. from the last year in Philly comedy. Top 5 of 2012 lists will run throughout December, and slightly beyond, if we deem it necessary–if you'd like to write one, pitch us your list at firstname.lastname@example.com!
1. Opportunities for Performance and Growth
OH MAN have you seen how many opportunities for performance and growth that you, the Philly comedian, have?! If you're a stand-up there's a pretty great open mic somewhere almost every night of the week (Helium's Tuesday night show is uber-polished, and Monday night's Laughs on Fairmount r0x0rs my b0x0rs). If you're an independent comedy act then Polygon is ALL ABOUT giving you an opportunity to perform in a well-put together show (that is literally what they are ALL ABOUT). If you want to beef up your improv chops, cool dudes and ladies want to practice with you at Incubator on Sunday nights, or jam with you late nights at Philly Improv Theater. If you want to beef up your improv chops AND PAY FOR IT (who doesn't?), PHIT has been pumping out talented improvisers through their apparently well-taught classes faster than I pump out…Well, I'll let you finish that sentence. Also, for those of you like me who love paying for things but hate committing to more than one day of a thing, PHIT's been offering some pretty sweet workshops (Kristen Schier's clowning workshop and Jill Bernard's Fireball Theory taught me a lot this year, there I said it!). In conclusion, Philadelphia has many opportunities for performance and growth, hooray!
2. Consistently Good Performances Across the City
OH MAN have you noticed all the consistently good performances across the city? If you like comic theater, 1812 Productions puts on great stuff! If you like stand-up, our professional clubs are always hosting great acts! If you like long-form improv, PHIT hosts fun shows most nights of the week! And if you like short-form ComedySportz and The N Crowd have been putting on great shows every week for YEARS!
3. Innovative Shows!
Did you see Asteroid!'s B-Movie? It was a great idea and really well executed! Did you see Myths & Monsters? It was a great idea and really well executed! ALSO OTHERS. Look I don't get out as much as you guys, whatever.
4. Sweet Dudes and Ladies
OH MAN have you noticed all the sweet dudes and ladies in the Philadelphia comedy community?! Here I am using the definitions of "sweet" that connotate niceness AND awesomeness AT THE SAME TIME, WHAT UP?! My crippling social anxiety and poor hygiene typically make me reclusive (not unlike the Brown Recluse, which does not typically reside in Philadelphia, this is bonus awesome thing about Philly number six), and yet I still feel welcome in the community! That's pretty SWEET of you, dudes and ladies!
5. New York Stinks
Seriously, it is the stinkiest!
Vegas Lancaster is a stand-up comedian and a member of The N Crowd. His opinions about New York City are his own, and should not be taken as an endorsement of anti-New York sentiment by WitOut. WitOut has no beef with you, New York City.
Interview with Luke Cunningham, Member of Bird Text and New Writer for 'Late Night with Jimmy Fallon'
Luke Cunningham is back in town to help Carl Boccuti, Chip Chantry and Johnny Goodtimes ring in the new year TONIGHT for A Motown New Year's Eve at La Stanza (2001 W. Oregon Avenue). After that, he's off to his new job writing for Late Night with Jimmy Fallon, where he'll be hanging out with The Roots, writing his ass off, and—fortunately for Philadelphia comedy—living in closer proximity to his sketch group Bird Text, which means we can expect a lot from them in 2013. Luke chatted with WitOut a bit about what's gotten him to this point in his career, and what advice he has for comedy writers coming up in Philly.
WitOut: What was the process like for getting hired on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon?
Luke Cunningham: The process is long but simple. You submit by invitation. The producers reached out to my agent and asked if they had any writers who would like to submit. My agent asked if I'd like to do it again—this was the third time I had submitted for Fallon—and I was put into the packet pool. For the next four days, I had to submit my ten best jokes every day by 5PM EST, 2PM for me because I was living in LA. The previous times I had submitted, I only participated in the initial four days. This time, I submitted for a total of twelve consecutive show days. It was like The Hunger Games but for jokes. People were getting eliminated while I got to stay. After twelve days, they flew me in for an interview. I flew in Sunday, interviewed Monday and was back out on a flight that night.
The interview was cool because I was in a room with Jimmy and the producers. When I said, "I'm from Philadelphia," that got a round of applause. They love hiring people from Philadelphia because The Roots love having people from our hometown on the staff. Though after my interview, I was convinced I did not get the job. I had spent most of the time in the room listening to A.D. Miles and Jimmy riff on the Lakers.
I've gotten to the "In the room…" interview a few times. At that point, they want to make sure you're not crazy, unwashed, violent, etc. Tina Fey described it as "Hire who you want to see in a hallway at 3AM." Luckily, I am at my peak in hallways at 3AM.
It's almost time for the 2013 WitOut Awards for Philadelphia Comedy! As we get closer to the show, we'll be rolling out a series of posts to help you get more acquainted with this year's nominees. Read all about 'em, and then be sure to get your tickets for the big event on January 13th at World Cafe Live!
The nominees for Best Improv Group are:
The Amie & Kristen Show/Kristen & Amie Show
Kait & Andrew
Hey Rube
Still looking for plans for New Year's Eve? Last week we gave you this round-up of comedy shows around Philadelphia tonight.
Chip Chantry wrote this piece about his ten most awkward moments of 2012 for Philly.com.
In case you missed it (or if you want to see it again) Emily and Micah McGraw's set from Secret Pants' Christmas show A Banner Year at the Ol' Bender House has made its way online.
Pick up a copy of this month's Philadelphia Magazine to check out an article on comedian and storyteller Juliet Hope Wayne. The article also talks about the comedy scene here in Philly and mentions a certain website that reports on it (it's us!).
The Sideshow: Happy New Year! show will take place this Friday at The Arts Parlor (1170 S. Broad St.). The show will feature performances from improv groups Gross Butler and Malone and sketch group Daring Daulton plus more!
This Friday will mark the first of three shows of The New Dreamz Experimental Residency Performance Art Program. The New Dreamz is the comedy performance duo of artists Andrew Jeffrey Wright and Rose Luardo. During the residency, the audience can expect to engage with material that will never be performed again and material that will be indoctrinated into The New Dreamz fat folds. Each of the three performances will be unique. The residency will be held at Space 1026 (1026 Arch Street) a Philadelphia collective art community and institution that was established in 1997.
As the year winds down, WitOut collects lists from comedy performers and fans of their favorite moments, comedians, groups, shows, etc. from the last year in Philly comedy. Top 5 of 2012 lists will run throughout December, and slightly beyond, if we deem it necessary–if you'd like to write one, pitch us your list at email@example.com!
In past years, I made it a goal to see every sketch comedy show that went up in Philly at least once. I considered it a duty to support the other sketch groups in town, but I also benefited from seeing what my peers were doing. Often times, they inspired me to write and perform better.
In 2012, it became impossible to see every sketch show in town. I would have had to give up my life and become a full-time sketch comedy audience member, and I don't think that would have been very lucrative for me. I still make it to most of the shows, and I am still regularly inspired by the talent and brilliance of the people I'm privileged to watch (and sometimes collaborate with).
Here is a list of my favorite sketches by groups that started performing in 2012.
5. American Breakfast – "Prank My Tween"
A TV prank show where parents "prank" their tweens while a camera rolls on their reaction. Only, in this case, all of the pranks are just normal parenting behaviors; the tweens react with disgust because they're tweens and that's how tweens act when their patents do anything. I'm a sucker for a simple premise with a truthful observation at the core. This is that.
4. The Specific Jawns – "Rape & Murder Mystery Party"
This sketch was one of many very strong offerings during this year's Dirtiest Sketch In Philadelphia competition. Specific Jawn Carl Boccuti "hosts" a rape & murder mystery party where he selects a handful of audience members who read aloud from evidence envelopes that they have been given. One by one, each participant reveals further gory (and hilarious) details about the crime, themselves and the song "Two Princes" by the Spin Doctors.
Putting up a sketch that relies on the audience or non-performers to carry the scene can be risky and outside of our comfort zone, but when it works, it can pay out major dividends. Even if it doesn't win a competition.
3. The Flat Earth – "Sexy Telegraph"
We know that the first message ever sent by telegraph was "What hath god wrought." We could assume that the second message sent by telegraph was "What are you wearing," since at the advent of any major technological breakthrough, our first question is "How can we use this to jerk off better?" That was the underlying assumption of "Sexy Telegraph," where a man and woman engage in erotic telegraphy across the Atlantic (and it escalates over the course of the scene). Physical comedy without dialogue is a rare thing to see on stage in Philly, and it's rare because it's hard (and one might argue that it's hard because we rarely attempt it). Seeing a totally physical/visual sketch done and done well was, for me, delightful.
2. Daring Daulton – "Hammer Store"
Joe Paolucci enters a store to rob the joint with his weapon of choice, a hammer. We eventually learn that the store he is attempting to rob is a hammer store and the man behind the counter (Trevor Cunnion) has a seemingly endless supply of hammers at his disposal. Despite this, Trevor does not immediately do away with the robber but instead attempts to remedy the robber's insecurities. It gets weird, but in a way that should stand as an example of how to breathe life into what feels like it could be a one-note premise.
1. Dog Mountain – "No More Birthdays"
This is making my list as the best sketch by a new group in 2012, but a case could be made for "No More Birthdays" being the best local sketch of 2012. A man (Dennis Trafny) throws a birthday party for his significant other, but at the stroke of midnight, he demands that both the party and her birthday are over (to a frightening degree). This sketch sticks with me and makes number one on my list because it has almost everything that I look for in a sketch. The performance by Dennis is paramount; he plays a funnier "terrifying" than any human I can think of. Mike Marbach is also a great asset; he may have been born to play a guy being emotionally dismantled.
I performed in my first live sketch comedy show with Secret Pants in 2005. At the time, there was one other sketch group in town (that we knew of), and we never saw or crossed paths with them. Now, almost 2013, there are too many sketch shows to see, five or six new groups in one year, a sketch open mic that is envied in Los Angeles and New York alike, and a sketch comedy community that is growing at a rate that none of us ever imagined. When I sat down to write this list today, I was excited. When I realized that I could write it, I was thrilled. Let's all raise a glass to more lists.
Description: You did it! You safely survived the holidays and defied the Mayans. So get outta your bunkers and resolve to see some of the most hilarious acts in Philly at our January Polygon show: The Perfect New Year's Celebration!
The Lineup:
Style: Variety
Date: January 8
Time: Doors-7:30pm, Show-8pm
Admission: $7
Location: L'etage – 6th and Bainbridge St.
Contact: Facebook Event
Description: For three Friday's in January The New Dreamz will be showing their new work, holding comedy performance workshops and joke club meetings to prepare for their West Coast comedy tour.
The New Dreamz is the comedy performance duo of artists Andrew Jeffrey Wright and Rose Luardo. The two have been working together for 3 years and create videos, short plays and sketch performances. In 2010 they began hosting Comedy Dreamz at the Barbary, a bi-monthly night of comedy, dance and video.
During the residency, the audience can expect to engage with material that will never be performed again and material that will be indoctrinated into The New Dreamz fat folds. Each of the three performance will be unique. During their workshops the comedy artists will ask the audience for reasons why they are laughing (or not laughing) and the joke club meeting will ask the audience to participate in a comedy focus group.
The residency will be held at Space 1026 (1026 Arch Street) a Philadelphia collective art community and institution that was established in 1997. It is known for its own brand of experimental work. Former members include artists Adam Wallacavage, Clare Rojas and Jayson Musson. Space 1026 has presented art shows and performances by Force Field, Cory Archangel, Paper Rad, Daniel Johnston, Thurston Moore and Lightening Bolt.
Style: Variety
Date: January 4, 18 and 25
Time: Doors-7:30PM Show-8:00PM
Admission: Free
Location: Space 1026 – 1026 Arch Street
Contact: Website
Top 5 of 2012: Mike Marbach's Top 5 New-to-Me Bits of 2012 + Top 5 Acts Ruined By Members Selfishly Moving Away To Explore Other Opportunities
As the year winds down, WitOut collects lists from comedy performers and fans of their favorite moments, comedians, groups, shows, etc. from the last year in Philly comedy. Top 5 of 2012 lists will run throughout December, and slightly beyond, if we deem it necessary–if you'd like to write one, pitch us your list at email@example.com!
Top 5 New-to-Me Bits of 2012
These are things that have been going on for a while here in Philly, but that I just had my first real experiences with this year. And I find myself, my life and my future better as a result.
5. John Kensil's Joke Photos of People that Just Died. Like JUST died.
4. "Not for Nuthin Podcast" with Tim Butterly and Mike Rainey
3. Fastball Pitcher Bob Gutierrez and Bing Supernova
2. #Friendship
1. Roger Snair
Top 5 Acts Ruined By Members Selfishly Moving Away To Explore Other Opportunities
5. Tap City
Mike Marbach is the Education Director for Philly Improv Theater, director of PHIT House Team Asteroid!, creator and host of the Gettin' Close podcast and producer of The Sideshow variety showcase at The Arts Parlor.
Description: Philly comedy icon Big Daddy Graham joins Flyers Legend Dave "The Hammer" Schultz for an awesome night of comedy in the elegant Buck Hotel Presidential Ballroom. Tix just $45.00 and includes a scrumptious pre show buffet.
Style: Stand-up
Date: March 8
Time: 7:30pm
Admission: Tickets Available Online or by calling 215-396-2002
Location: The Buck Hotel – 1200 Buck Road, Feasterville, Pennsylvania
Contact: Facebook Event
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I make resolutions every year. My focus this year, as it has been for the past several years, is on Happiness. To that end, I have made this reminder chart (thank you, Andrew Weil and Spontaneous Happiness):
Here are my Reading Resolutions for 2012:
1. Read good books slowly. Keep a sticky and pencil nearby as I read these good books. Note great quotes. Note great ideas. Note great new words.
2. Read so-so books quickly. Skimming is okay for these books and these books still count as books read. A two sentence review is perfectly acceptable.
And that's it.
No big resolutions to read War and Peace this year or to read and review 365 books this year or to read all the 1001 Children's Books You Must Read Before You Grow Up this year. No attempts to read strictly from my enormous TBR. No vows to refrain from purchasing new books. Just these two little resolutions for me.
How about you? What are your Reading Resolutions for 2012? Do you have a list of books you want to read this year? How about challenges? What about your TBR? What do you hope to accomplish in 2012?
P.S. Here's my list of Top Ten Reads of 2011!


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2.OA.1 – Use addition and subtraction within 100 to solve one- and two-step word problems involving situations of adding to, taking from, putting together, taking apart, and comparing, with unknowns in all positions, e.g., by using drawings and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem. (See Glossary, Table 1. http://www.corestandards.org/the-standards/mathematics/glossary/glossary/ )
Samples: Adding multiples of 10. Split Strategy. Add On Numbers Under10. Jump Strategy.
2.NBT.5 – Fluently add and subtract within 100 using strategies based on place value, properties of operations, and/or the relationship between addition and subtraction.
Samples: Place value - 'Adding On' single digit numbers. Place value - Two digit addition without trading.
Number and place value
ACMNA055 – Recall addition facts for single-digit numbers and related subtraction facts to develop increasingly efficient mental strategies for computation
Samples: Adding three numbers. Add three numbers - each under 6. Adding three single digit numbers.
3.NA.3 – Continue spatial patterns and number patterns based on simple addition or subtraction.
Samples: Add single digit numbers. Addition to 20. Single digit addition: Activity 1. Counting Forwards By 10. Make 10. Make 10.
3.NA.1 – Apply basic addition facts and knowledge of place value and symmetry to:
3.NA.1.a – Combine or partition whole numbers
Samples: Write numbers – to 1000. Reading numbers – to 1000. Comparing numbers – to 1000. Ordinal numbers.
4.NA.3 – Create and continue spatial patterns and number patterns based on repeated addition or subtraction.
Samples: Add single digit numbers. Addition to 20. Counting Forwards By 10. Make 10. Single digit addition (missing number).
4.NA.1 – Apply basic addition and subtraction facts, simple multiplication facts, and knowledge of place value and symmetry to:
4.NA.1.a – Combine or partition whole numbers
Samples: Ordinal numbers. Odd or Even amounts. Even numbers to 20 - equations. Place Values. Place value 100.
5.NA.3 – Describe spatial and number patterns, using rules that involve spatial features, repeated addition or subtraction, and simple multiplication.
Samples: Single Digit Addition Match. Place value - 'Adding On' single digit numbers.
5.NA.1 – Apply additive and simple multiplicative strategies and knowledge of symmetry to:
5.NA.1.a – Combine or partition whole numbers
Samples: Reading numbers – to 10,000. Write numbers – to 10,000. Comparing numbers – to 10,000.
KS2.Y3.N.AS – Number - addition and subtraction
Pupils should be taught to:
KS2.Y3.N.AS.4 – Solve problems, including missing number problems, using number facts, place value, and more complex addition and subtraction
Samples: Two digit addition. Challenge Puzzle - Addition Pyramid. Addition two Digit - Missing Numbers. Make 100.
KS1.Y2.N.AS – Number - addition and subtraction
Pupils should be taught to:
KS1.Y2.N.AS.3 – Add and subtract numbers using concrete objects, pictorial representations, and mentally, including:
KS1.Y2.N.AS.3.c: 2 two-digit numbers
Samples: Place value - Two digit addition without trading. Add On Numbers Under10. Mental Strategies In Addition.