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By JOHN FLOWERS
SHOREHAM — This summer's wet weather may have been tough on corn and hay fields, but it has helped produce a bumper crop of apples at local orchards.
"Most people are looking at a good crop," said Steve Justis, marketing specialist for the Vermont Agency of Agriculture. "If we can get through the next few days of wind, I think we'll be looking at a good year."
Vermont orchards yielded approximately 800,000 bushels of apples last year, according to Justis. This year could be substantially better.
"I think the numbers could be up 10 percent for this season, if we can avoid complications from hurricane winds," Justis said on Monday, alluding to the remnants of Hurricane Ike that had battered portions of Texas over the weekend. Thankfully, the forecast for Vermont for the balance of this week was for sun and mild temperatures. And another big plus: Most Vermont orchards averted hailstorms this past spring that did significant damage to fruit crops in New York state.
Addison County continues to be the largest apple producing region in the state, according to Justis. Economic pressure, brought on primarily by competition from abroad, has whittled down the state's major commercial apple producers to a solid core of around 25, according to Vermont agriculture officials.
Bill Suhr of Shoreham-based Champlain Orchards anticipates his operation will exceed the 27,000 bushels of apples it produced last year. Not only is there a greater abundance of fruit, but the individual apples are larger and more colorful than last year.
Suhr explained that a dry May helped create good pollination conditions for the crop. The rain nourished the apples, with key periods of recent sunshine helping to give the fruit a particularly vibrant rosy hue.
"We had an ideal growing season," Suhr said.
By ANDY KIRKALDY
VERGENNES — Addison Northwest Supervisory Union this summer won a U.S. Department of Education grant that could total more than $900,000 in the next three years, an award that officials believe will help transform physical education in ANwSU schools and boost students' academic performance while putting them on the path toward lifetime fitness.
The grant, one of 96 the DOE awarded in 2008, will pay for fitness equipment that will include high-tech heart-rate monitors, low-rope climbing courses at the three ANwSU elementary schools and a high-ropes course at Vergennes Union High School, in-line and ice skates, cross-country skis, snowshoes and dance video games.
It will also fund healthy after-school activities to be offered jointly with community groups that include the Boys & Girls Club of Greater Vergennes and the Willowell Foundation.
But ANwSU Superintendent Tom O'Brien said more importantly that the Carol M. White Physical Education Program grant would help create a "culture change" at the four schools.
"Assuming that over the three years of the grant we are able to establish the goals ... it is a culture change," O'Brien said. "It's much more of a focus on personal fitness, and personal responsibility for fitness ... that will last (students) for their lifetime ... And the increased physical activity, at least according to the research, will have some benefit in the classroom. I'd say this is pretty significant."
The grant was fleshed out by ANwSU curriculum coordinator Carol Spencer, VUHS PE teacher Ed Cook and Vergennes Union Elementary School PE teacher Robyn Newton, and then polished by a professional grant-writer, for whose services Newton won a grant.
For Cook and Newton, the DOE grant can help change the focus of PE away from competitive ball sports and to personal fitness activities.
MIDDLEBURY — Officials in more than a half-dozen Addison County towns breathed a collective sigh of relief this week after learning that extensive road and bridge damage caused by a powerful storm on Aug. 6 will qualify for federal disaster aid.
Federal authorities confirmed the presidential declaration of disaster on Sept. 12. That means that repairs to flood-ravaged bridges and roads will qualify for up to 75 percent federal reimbursement — great news to the locally affected towns of Middlebury, Ripton, Salisbury, Bridport, Leicester, Goshen, Hancock and Brandon.
The federal declaration will also give the Mary Hogan Elementary School board the option of seeking reimbursement for an additional school bus that could be put on the road to serve students on Lower Plains Road in East Middlebury. Families on that road must currently provide their own school transportation because the flood damage closed the Lower Plains Road bridge — the only direct route into the rest of Middlebury. Serena Eddy-Moulton, chairwoman of the ID-4 board, said on Tuesday that she and her colleagues will convene late this week to discuss the federal disaster declaration and the role it can play in restoring bus service to students who must currently be detoured to school via Salisbury and Route 7.
"We will send a letter to parents on Friday (Sept. 19) letting them know the progress," Eddy-Moulton said.
Federal, state and local emergency management officials were scheduled to meet at Middlebury's Ilsley Library on Thursday morning to hold a briefing "designed to help local officials understand federal disaster eligibility requirements and the reimbursement process for debris removal, emergency protective measures, and the repair, restoration and replacement of public facilities," according to a memo issued by Vermont Emergency Management.
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Pamirs, also called Pamir, highland region of Central Asia. The Pamir mountain area centres on the nodal orogenic uplift known as the Pamir Knot, from which several south-central Asian mountain ranges radiate, including the Hindu Kush, the Karakoram Range, the Kunlun Mountains, and the Tien Shan. Most of the Pamirs lie within Tajikistan, but the fringes penetrate Afghanistan, China, and Kyrgyzstan. The core of the Pamirs is in the highlands of Tajikistan, with the highest mountains in the Gorno-Badakhshan autonomous oblast (province).
The word pamir in the language of the region denotes the high undulating grasslands of the eastern portion of the mountains, especially where they abut Afghanistan and China. Deep river valleys mark the boundaries of the Pamirs in the north beyond the ridges of the Trans-Alai Range, and the valleys of the Vākhān region (Wakhan Corridor) of Afghanistan form the southern limit. The Sarykol pamir in the Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang in western China bounds the eastern margin, and a series of southwestern-aligned valleys that eventually drain into the Vakhsh and Panj rivers serrate the western boundary.
Physical features
The Pamirs are a combination of east-west and north-south ranges, with the former predominating. The east-west Trans-Alai Range, which forms the northern frame of the Pamirs, falls steeply to the intermontane Alai Valley. The high central part of the Trans-Alai, between the Tersagar Pass on the west and Kyzylart on the east, averages between 19,000 and 20,000 feet (5,800 and 6,100 metres), reaching its highest point at Lenin (Ibn Sīnā) Peak, 23,405 feet (7,134 metres). South from the Trans-Alai extend three north-south ranges. Of these the western, the Akademii (Akademiya) Nauk Range, and the central, Zulumart, are relatively short; the eastern, the Sarykol Range, forms the border between Tajikistan and China. The mountains east of the Sarykol Range are sometimes called the Chinese Pamirs.
The north-south Akademii Nauk Range extends into the northwestern Pamir system, where it rises into a huge barrier, reaching 24,590 feet (7,495 metres) in Imeni Ismail Samani Peak (formerly Communism Peak), the highest point in the Pamirs. The eastern flank of the Akademii Nauk Range is covered on the south face by the Fedchenko Glacier. The western flank intersects other ranges that lie still farther to the west: the Peter I Range, with Moscow (Moskva) Peak (22,260 feet [6,785 metres]); the Darvaz Range, with Arnavad Peak (19,957 feet [6,083 metres]); and the Vanch and Yazgulem ranges, with Revolution (Revolyutsii) Peak (22,880 feet [6,974 metres]). The ranges are separated by deep ravines. To the east of the Yazgulem Range, in the central portion of the Pamirs, is the east-west Muzkol Range, reaching 20,449 feet (6,233 metres) in Soviet Officers Peak. South of it stretches one of the largest ranges of the Pamirs, called Rushan on the west and Bazar-dara, or Northern Alichur, on the east. Still farther south are the Southern Alichur Range and, to the west of the latter, the Shugnan Range. The extreme southwestern Pamirs are occupied by the Shakhdarin Range, composed of north-south (Ishkashim Range) and east-west elements, rising to Mayakovsky Peak (19,996 feet [6,095 metres]) and Karl Marx (Karla Marksa) Peak (22,067 feet [6,726 metres]). In the extreme southeast, to the south of Lake Zorkul (Sarī Qūl), lie the east-west Vākhān Mountains.
It is customary to divide the Pamirs into a western area and an eastern area, distinguished by their forms of relief. In the eastern Pamirs a medium-mountain relief predominates on a high raised foundation. While the heights above sea level average 20,000 feet (6,100 metres) or more, the relative heights of the peaks above their foundation do not in most cases exceed 3,300 to 5,900 feet (1,000 to 1,800 metres). The ranges and massifs have mainly rounded contours, and the wide and flat-bottomed valleys and troughs between them, situated at heights of 12,100 to 13,800 feet (3,700 to 4,200 metres), are occupied either by quietly running, meandering rivers or by dry channels. The valleys and slopes of the ranges are covered by layers of loose material.
In the western Pamirs the relief is high-mountain and sharply disjointed, alternating between low ranges and alpine ridges capped by snow and glaciers; and there are deep, narrow ravines with high, rapid rivers. The valleys and depressions are filled with outwash debris, so that almost the only suitable places for human settlement are the alluvial fans in the valleys of tributaries of the Panj River. The transition from the eastern-Pamirs type of relief to the western-Pamirs type occurs gradually. The conventional boundary is a line joining the ridge of the Zulumart Range with Karabulak Pass in the Muzkol Range; from Pshart Pass it follows the ridge of the Northern Alichur Range to Lakes Yashil and Sarez, where it turns south to the valley of the Pamir River.
Like the adjacent Hindu Kush and Karakoram mountains to the south, the Pamirs exhibit considerable glaciation as a result of high winter snowfall. The Fedchenko Glacier dominates the central Pamir massif, with other glaciers, similarly named for 19th-century Russian scientists (e.g., Garmo and Grumm-Grzhimaylo), feeding into it. Glaciation is less extensive in the Alai and Trans-Alai mountains.
Some meltwater from the Pamirs flows to the Tarim Basin in western China, but the vast bulk drains into the Panj and Vakhsh rivers and their tributaries. There are large irrigation projects associated with the Kyzylsu-Surkhob-Vakhsh river system (each of the rivers flows successively into the next). The Amu Darya (ancient Oxus River), formed by the confluence of the Vakhsh and the Panj, conveys meltwater to other irrigation projects downstream. Earthquakes occasionally generate landslides that dam rivers to produce lakes. Lake Sarez in the Murgab River valley is dammed by a massive landslide that was probably initiated during an earthquake.
The Pamirs are divided into three broad zones according to the characteristics of their rock formations: the northern, central, and southern Pamirs. The southern zone consists of metamorphic rocks (gneiss, quartzite, marble, and others) to which most researchers attribute a Precambrian age (more than 540 million years old). The zone on the whole represents a huge anticline, or series of stratified arches. The central zone of the Pamirs contains limestone, sandstone, and shale rocks of the Jurassic, Triassic, and Permian periods (about 300 to 145 million years ago) and also red-coloured rocks of the Early Cretaceous Period (145 to 100 million years ago). There are some marine rocks from the first half of the Paleozoic Era (i.e., about 540 to 440 million years ago) and lava and tuffaceous rocks of the Paleocene Epoch (65 to 55 million years ago). The structure of the central Pamirs is that of a huge downwarp (an inverted arch caused by fracturing); it is separated from the northern Pamirs by a deep fracture.
In the structure of the northern Pamirs, two subzones can be discerned: a Paleozoic subzone and a Trans-Alai subzone, which is composed of more recent deposits. The Paleozoic subzone of the northern Pamirs is a huge uplift with a complex internal structure. It is separated from the Trans-Alai subzone by the Karakul fracture, through which flows the Kyzylsu-Surkhob-Vakhsh river system. The Trans-Alai subzone is highly complex. Its western part is a fan-shaped anticline in the centre of which emerge Jurassic deposits; radiating outward are more recent, dislocated rocks of the Early Cretaceous period. The eastern part has Cretaceous and Paleocene deposits in a system of conflicting folds. Because of the numerous overthrusts, or horizontal faults, in some places the layers overlap each other. On the north the Trans-Alai subzone is bounded by the deep Trans-Alai fracture, separating the Pamirs from the Alai system. Seismic records register some 2,500 earthquakes each year, with a major event occurring approximately every 15 years. Mudflows from severe storms also constitute a natural hazard.
The climate of the Pamirs is arid and continental, typified by frigid winters and warm, relatively dry summers. In the western valleys, convectional storms, in combination with cyclonic storms, are common in the summer. Many of the region's weather patterns are associated with the so-called Afghan winds that form in northwestern Afghanistan, intensify over the horseshoe ridges of the lower Pamirs, and bring summer dust storms and subsequent rain to the western mountains. Snowfall is substantial in the western valleys; the village of Sangvor, for example, at an elevation of 7,000 feet (2,100 metres), has a snow cover of up to 4 feet (1.2 metres) from November to April. The growing season lasts 200 days in Sangvor but reaches 230 days in the deep valley of the Panj at Khorog and Qalaikhum. At the highest elevations, snowfall equals that of the Karakorams to the southeast, and glaciation is considerable. Temperatures range from summer daily highs of 73 °F (23 °C) and winter lows of 1 °F (−17 °C) at Murghob in the high eastern Pamirs to 81 °F (27 °C) in summer and 21 °F (− 6 °C) in winter at Garm in the lower western Pamirs; isolated outposts in the eastern Pamirs record temperatures below −58 °F (−50 °C) in winter.
Plant life
In their vegetation, the eastern Pamirs bear a striking resemblance to the treeless western portion of the Plateau of Tibet. Large expanses of bog, interspersed with plants of the Artemisia and Ephedra genera on higher ground, typify the flora of both regions. The western Pamirs present a striking contrast. The forced emigration of mountain residents, which started in the late 1930s, has halted the overgrazing and cutting of firewood that has continued in adjoining ranges such as the Hindu Kush and the Karakorams. Since the exodus, juniper has regenerated on the valley slopes, caespitose shrubs have become established on the drier margins, and erosion has halted. Watercourses above 6,500 feet (2,000 metres) are lined with willows, thornbushes, oleander, poplars, and occasional birches. High-elevation pastures, above 10,000 feet (3,000 metres), are rarely grazed by cattle.
Animal life
The high tablelands of the eastern Pamirs are the prime breeding area of the mountain goat and the argali (Marco Polo) wild sheep; occasional sightings of blue sheep and urial are reported. Ibex are common where human activity is minimal, and markhor inhabit the lower ranges between the Panj and Vakhsh rivers. Brown bears feed on the abundant marmots, as do wolves. Relatively strict prohibitions against the hunting of wild sheep and goats have resulted in sufficient prey to support a small population of snow leopards. Lammergeiers (bearded vulture) and Himalayan griffons frequent the highest peaks, while partridges, pheasant, and snow cocks are found in the western mountains. Large numbers of migratory waterfowl flying between Siberia and South Asia visit the eastern Pamirs.
People and the economy
Turkic-speaking Kyrgyz populate the eastern Pamirs, while Mountain Tajiks live in the western valleys. The Mountain Tajik are Ismāʿīlī Shīʿite Muslims who speak several eastern Iranian languages (the most common are Wakhi and Shugni), and almost all also speak the Tajiki language of the lowland-dwelling Tajiks of Tajikistan and Afghanistan, who are largely Sunni Muslims.
In the portion of the Pamirs in the Kǔhistoni-Badakhshon autonomous region of Tajikistan, the great bulk of the population lives above 5,000 feet (1,500 metres), and no settlement is located below 11,500 feet (3,500 metres) in the Kyrgyz sector. Of those residing in the eastern area, most migrate in the course of their annual pastoral tasks. At high elevations, the Kyrgyz exhibit much greater longevity and lower infant mortality than the Tajiks. Substantial population movement has occurred since 1940, when the majority of the residents of the western Pamirs were forcibly removed to the irrigated cotton communes established on the broad river plains in Tajikistan. Agropastoral activities, often associated with communal farms, occupy the remaining inhabitants of the Pamirs. Population pressure in Tajikistan—which has a high birth rate and a large proportion of its population living in poverty—has made it necessary to establish new settlements and farms in the western Pamir valleys. This resettlement of formerly depopulated valleys is most evident in the Surkhob and Obikhingou valleys upstream from the huge hydroelectric dams at Norak and Roghun on the Vakhsh River.
Khorog and Qalaikhum in Gorno-Badakhshan, both on the right bank of the Panj River, are the major southwestern centres; Gharm, Tojikobod, and Jirgatol in Tajikistan are modern small towns in the northwest; and Murghob in Kǔhistoni-Badakhshon is the focus of activity in the eastern Pamirs. Taxkorgan is the only town in the Chinese Pamirs. In the Vākhān region during the 1980s, the Kyrgyz abandoned their settlements, and the dispersed Mountain Tajik communities gathered into tight clusters as a result of civil strife caused by the Afghan War.
The high-elevation pastoralism practiced in the eastern Pamirs is devoted to yaks and related crossbreeds, sheep, and goats; barley, pulses, rapeseed, potatoes, and other root vegetables are the main crops of this region. In the valleys of the western Pamirs, the former Soviet government mandated the cultivation of cotton and other crops. Large orchards—notably of apples, pears, and apricots, as well as vineyards—line many western valleys and foothills between 5,000 and 6,500 feet (1,500 and 2,000 metres). Wheat is the dominant grain and corn (maize) the chief winter fodder. Cattle are replacing sheep and goats as principal livestock in the western valleys.
Motor-vehicle tracks reach all settlements in the Pamirs, and there is frequent air service to many small towns. Large passenger helicopters serve isolated locations on an infrequent basis. Jeep tracks constructed in the 1980s support the Mountain Tajik living in the Vākhān region of Afghanistan. A major frontier road facilitates the movement of military garrisons in the Tajik and Kyrgyz portions of the Pamirs and links Tajikistan with the city of Osh in Kyrgyzstan. A major route along the old Karatikin Silk Road up the Surkhob and Kyzylsu rivers and the Alai Valley runs from Tajikistan through southern Kyrgyzstan to China. In the Chinese Pamirs, the extension of the Karakoram Highway serves the Sarykol and Subashi pamir through the western extension of the Kunlun Mountains.
Study and exploration
From the 1st through the 7th century ce, three branches of the Silk Road crossed the Pamirs. The 2nd-century Alexandrian scholar Ptolemy referred to the mountains as Comedae in his Guide to Geography. Troops of Tang-dynasty China invaded the Pamirs in 747 but withdrew shortly thereafter. The Venetian traveler Marco Polo may have traversed the Vākhān region en route to Cathay (China), but it was not known to Europe until 1603 when the Portuguese Jesuit missionary Benedict de Goes reported on his travels through the area. As Konstantin Petrovich Kaufmann conquered successive Central Asian khanates for Russia during the mid-19th century, British representatives—such as John Wood in the 1830s—sought a suitable physiographic boundary between Russian Central Asia and British India. The legendary journeys of the Englishman Ney Elias brought an enlightened European view of the region and its peoples, one without military or political bias. Political control of the mountains was settled in 1891 when tsarist forces rebuffed the British at Bozai Gombaz (Bazai Gombad) in the southern Pamirs. Russian and British negotiators subsequently established the new buffer state of Afghanistan—including the narrow Wakhan Corridor (now the Vākhān region)—between their respective territories. The boundaries between China and Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan in the Pamirs, however, have remained in dispute.
Exploration in the late 19th century was dominated by Russian scientists, who studied glaciation, geology, botany, and zoology. During this period, expeditions by other countries became infrequent, and the Danish expedition of 1898–99 signaled the end of indiscriminate European incursion into Russian-controlled Central Asian territory. Other expeditions, including the much-touted foray by the British statesman Lord Curzon in 1894, only scouted the fringes of the Pamirs.
During the Soviet period, explorations in the Pamirs became systematic. In 1928 an expedition explored the region of the Fedchenko Glacier, making possible the first accurate topographical maps of the northwestern Pamirs. This was followed in the early 1930s by the establishment of a high-elevation hydrologic and meteorologic observatory—the first of its kind—at an elevation of about 15,700 feet (4,800 metres) on a lateral moraine of the glacier. The laboratory has produced much valuable scientific data on the physical properties of the Pamirs. In one study, the superior adaptation to high-elevation living by the Kyrgyz, compared to the Tajik, has been a subject of physiological research. Many mountain-climbing and trekking groups visit the Pamir region each year; most activity occurs in the Trans-Alai Range, including Lenin Peak.Tatyana Konstantinovna Zakharova Nigel John Roger Allan The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Learn More in these related Britannica articles:
Pakistan: The Himalayan and Karakoram ranges…the Hindu Kush, are the Pamirs, where only the Vākhān (Wakhan Corridor), a narrow strip of Afghan territory, separates Pakistan from Tajikistan. The Himalayan massif was pierced in 1970 when Chinese and Pakistani engineers completed the Karakoram Highway across the Karakoram Range, linking the town of Gilgit in the Northern…
Tajikistan: ReliefThe ice-clad peaks of the Pamir mountain system occupy the southeast. Some of Central Asia's highest mountains, notably Ibn Sīnā (23,406 feet [7,134 metres]) and Imeni Ismail Samani (24,590 feet [7,495 metres]) peaks, are found in the northern portion of the Pamirs. The valleys, though important for Tajikistan's human geography,…
Tien Shan: Physiography…the Tien Shan meets the Pamirs. Foothills approach the northern slopes of the ranges, and there are oases on the plains below the mountains.…
Takla Makan Desert: Physical features… to the south, and the Pamirs to the west. There is a gradual transition to the Lop Nur basin in the east; in the south and west, between the sandy desert and the mountains, lies a band of sloping desert lowland composed of pebble-detritus deposits.…
Akademii Nauk RangeAkademii Nauk Range, mountain range, western Pamirs, central Tajikistan. The mountains, extending north-south, are approximately 68 miles (110 km) in length and are composed mostly of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, together with some granite. Glaciation from permanent snowcaps extends over an…
More About Pamirs9 references found in Britannica articles
Assorted References
- Alpine-Himalayan mountain belt
- boundary of Takla Makan Desert
- relationship to Tien Shan
- separation of Badakhshān
- In Badakhshān
- source of Amu Darya
- strategic position of Vākhān
- In Vākhān
physiography of
- Pakistan
- Panj River
- In Panj River
- Tajikistan

subset: commoncrawl


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Calvinism Isn't Enough
"It was the best of times, it was the worst of times," Charles Dickens wrote in his classic A Tale of Two Cities. Perhaps years from now historians will reflect on the state of Calvinism at the beginning of the …Read More
Fueling Reformation
I'm always puzzled when I see church billboards announcing a coming revival. They give the times and the dates when the church will be engaged in revival. But I wonder, how can anybody possibly schedule a revival? True revivals …Read More
The Many Shades of Calvinism
The term Calvinism was first used by Lutheran theologians to refer to what they regarded as the peculiar views of Christ's real presence at the Lord's Supper held by John Calvin and his followers. It is not used …Read More
Something Old, Something New
How can confessional Reformed churches provide a safe haven for New Calvinists? A simple answer to this may fail to appreciate the diversity of each new Calvinist's spiritual pilgrimage, and thus runs the danger of not ministering particular grace …Read More
The Will to Debate
When Dutch Calvinists and Arminians squared off against one another in the early part of the seventeenth century, the Calvinists won the opening battle. The controversy, however, soon spread beyond the borders of the Netherlands. Now, four hundred years later …Read More
Inkling of Wonder
I am a Calvinist. No, better to say that I am a rabid Calvinist. I am the son of a Calvinist. My spiritual grandfather was the Calvinist's Calvinist, John Gerstner. When I consider my own theological education, I divide it into …Read More
Bound to Come Some Trouble
We Reformed types have it good. I mean, really good. Call it the doctrines of grace or historic Christian faith or even the C-word (Calvinism) and you have to admit that sinners such as us have received something amazing. The …Read More
God in the Hands
It was a strange time for me. I was attending a high school that was so nominal in its commitment to the Christian faith that the high school English teacher was an atheist. Still, his was among my favorite classes …Read More
Hearts Aflame: Reformed Piety
Calvinism is well known and widely respected for its theology. But can we say the same thing about its piety? It is sometimes said that Calvinists do not make very good Christians. According to one critic: "Nothing will foster pride …Read More
For the Love of God
When I first encountered Reformed theology I completely rejected it. For nearly two years I fought against it with every possible argument I could conceive of. It wasn't until I embarked upon a journey through the Scriptures that I was …Read More
The Means of Persevering Grace
Until the Arminian controversy in the Netherlands in the early seventeenth century, Calvinism did not have five points. Calvinism summarized itself in its great confessions and catechisms and never thought to reduce itself to five points. The Arminians, however, had …Read More


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Beat me with your belt! Part 6
Great seminude workout with amazing splits
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***HUMILIATED*** PART3 My master is still very upset with me because I peed on his floor. Spanking my body over and over he forces me cruelly to knee down and lick up my own p-e-e from the dirty floor! What a humiliation! Then he took a candle and kept dropping the burning wax on my body, till I was screaming from the unbearable pain! :: HD 720p
After my Master fucked me with a giant cucumber, I was so scared of what's going to happen next, that I pe e'd myself! All my golden juices landed right on the floor - it was quite a lot of it - and I got punished for my misbehave afterwards. He forced me to do extreme flexible positions again and kept beating me with the whip, being very rough to me. Tying my legs spread apart on the staircase, ultimately making me do the straddle splits, suspended in the air! And he kept on whipping me with no mercy.. It was beginning to hurt more and more..
:: HD 720p
This time my Master decided to humiliate me more than ever before! I was used as an object of practice for his darkest perverted fantasies! He tied me to the staircase and spanked my sexy ass quite hard, first using only his hand and later with a whip. Then, I got my mouth stuffed with a ball-gag, and my pussy with a giant cucumber, which I got fucked with, standing on one leg with the other stretched high up in the air - essentially doing the splits! Which did hurt a lot - mostly at the beginning - but became more of a pleasure later! ;-)
:: HD 720p
I was taken captive by a masked perverted sadist who dragged me down to his basement dungeon and cuffed me to the wall! The highlights of this part are: My luxurious ass gets some serious spanking treatment and I get humiliated more than ever before! Watch how much I had to suffer in the hands and under the whip of this sick bastard!
:: HD 720p
Paingate Star Candy whipped in the attic3
Arogant Mistress Lea Tyron humiliated and whipped part 4
Arogant Mistress Lea Tyron humiliated and whipped part 3
Arogant Mistress Lea Tyron humiliated and whipped part 2
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AIRS data is a website that gives access to specific air pollution data for the entire United States. This website is linked to the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) AIRS (Aerometric Information Retrieval System) database and allows the general public to create custom reports using specific criteria. AIRSdata provides information on air pollution sources, displays standard maps of the monitoring sites in the U.S., reports extensive monitor information and provides contact names at the EPA and state agencies. The AIRSdata website is updated monthly.
AIRS Data


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Tuesday, August 21, 2012
I Further Predict the Death of Your Web Framework
This spelled the demise of many systems that relied on a given system bottleneck, specifically, slow runtime systems.
But there is another technological shift conspiring against many web frameworks that isn't focused on performance, but instead focused on "ease of use" - which in many cases may hit far closer to home.
That shift is the reorganization of MVC.
MVC stands for "model-view-controller" which loosely means you have a datastore/database (the model) which is retrieved and manipulated (by the controller) such that it can finally be shown to a user (the view).
That is, pretty much always the flow. Well - kinda. The first thing you might notice is that "MVC" is an out-of-order acronym per the dataflow. In that case it would be "MCV". And happily, given that dataflow is paramount to my story - I'll use that in the rest of this article (that might irk you if you're CDO (which is like "OCD", except in alphabetical order, like it SHOULD BE)).
A predecessor to MCV was a simpler idea of simply "client/server" where client was the view, server was the controller and model (or, some or all of the controller could be in the client too). However, the client in that case actually implied it was a real client - that is a program that received the data and showed it.
In the web, the browser is the client, but interestingly in things like Rails, Jails, Nails, Grails, Struts, Play!, PHP, ASP.Net, and many others the "view" is on the server which then renders HTML and sends that to the browser. As far as the programmer is concerned, the whole MCV is on the server. The browser is often just a dumb terminal.
In the last year or two however, the popularity of a new type of framework is changing all that.
That change is coming from libraries such as backbone.js and ember.js (and many, many others).
The computing power of rendering is moved to the client's machine. Rendering isn't probably your biggest computing expense, but take off that computing cost from your server (times every web request you get) and its measurable.
And as you can imagine, if the "V" of MCV actually migrates to the client, all that's left on the server is "MC" (to be fair, sometimes even part of the "C" goes to the client).
What thousands and thousands of Rails developers discovered upon moving to backbone is that they no longer needed their fancy template views. Their backend became a system that pushed JSON over HTTP.
Very clean and very simple. At my new company Refresh (we're hiring!), our backend pushes the exact same JSON to our webpage as it does to our IOS app. And that same system will someday seamlessly become our API too.
For me, using Rails for webapps over Java (where I spent plenty of time years ago) was a simple decision. ActiveRecord was beautiful and elegant (especially compared to things like Java's hibernate). Also, the view layer was simple, well-laid-out, and standardized. If anything, Java had too many choices.
But these days, I tend to use NoSQL on the backend. And ember on the front-end. All I need in the middle is something to manipulate and push JSON. Why was I paying the Rails tax? (again insert any language that is a multiple slower than Java in that sentence).
I'm not particularly picking on Rails - it is just a full MCV solution that I no longer need. There are plenty of those.
And if you're thinking this is a win for Node.js - you're probably right. With much more javascript coding entering your web framework as a whole, using Node on the backend is probably the winner of all this on the usability front. Javascript on the server isn't the fastest, but it's pretty darn good at manipulating JSON (and thank you to whoever it was that shot XML dead).
So my not-so-amazing prediction is that in a few short years time full web frameworks from any languages disappear. Node picks up some of that slack but so do less feature-ful frameworks (and maybe performant ones). Even non-frameworks altogether get more use.
There's surely no mourning required here. Web frameworks change every few years no matter how you slice it. But between this post and my last, I see two converging fronts out to kill some our most popular ones right now.
Personally, I'm hoping to never server-side render HTML again. I'll let your browser do my rendering while I sit back, chill, and push some JSON.
And yes, Mailinator is in rewrite now to use ember, much to the chagrin of web scraping programs everywhere! (but much to the happy of JSON receivers)
22 comments:
- KautionTape said...
I do completely agree that there will be a movement for all the View handling will be done client-side using JavaScript. However, does that necessarily mean the death of full web frameworks?
Web frameworks are capable of morphing to meet the needs of the users. If those needs are "NoSQL + ember.js" then web frameworks may move to that direction. There is still a use of Models to map stored information to "objects" and the controller to handle all that authentication and CRUD work. And I don't always want to write all of that from scratch. Especially when you look at what frameworks like Django are trying to solve with the "Give us the basics, we'll do everything else." Perhaps this will mean a shift away from the "end-all-be-all" solutions like RAILS to minimal solutions like CodeIgniter which may just include ember.js or backbone.js from the start. Just a thought. I completely agree to be rid of server-side HTML rendering, but I don't know if that would really mean the end of web frameworks.
That said, I love your blog. I eagerly anticipate your posts, and find them very awesome reads. Keep them coming!
- August 21, 2012 at 3:30 PM
- Dobes said...
This may be a long term trend but at this time it is still faster to render server side HTML. One can buy a faster server but you cannot buy your users a faster computer.
This is because the HTML for a piece of view is often smaller than the json data plus javascript code to render it the first time AND it renders faster. And the first render is the one that makes the biggest impression.
- August 21, 2012 at 5:49 PM
- Andy C said...
Do you think that the same should apply to mobile web sites? These are usually much more cut down than their desktop counterparts and the end device has much more limited processing capability.
I would have thought that in these situations that server-side rendering is still best.
What do you think?
- August 22, 2012 at 12:45 AM
I am not too convinced at the moment. Reason for that is the lack of a fallback solution for non-JS users. Your attitude is right in environments where you strictly need JS - but what about a page like Amazon? If they exclude potential customers by excluding non-JS browsers, then something is wrong in their business model...
- August 22, 2012 at 1:10 AM
- Anastasiosyal said...
An interesting and informative read indeed. I feel that web frameworks are here to stay for much longer than you predict. The reason being that SEO with static text output from the server is superior to ajax based SEO.
How many sites do you see at the top of the search engine rankings whose content is rendered by client side javascript? I know there is support for it by google, but in reality, I do not see sites up there in the first search results.
Unless such a movement gains enough critical mass, search engines will not take serious note of it and plain old html served by the server will be the way that business is conducted, simply because it ranks higher in search result listings.
Of course, business applications or applications where SEO isn't a major requirement can take this route without taking a hit.
Just my 2c. Thanks for an informative article!
- August 22, 2012 at 3:20 AM
Interesting, but how about search engines? What they see is the HTML sent from the server...
- August 22, 2012 at 4:48 AM
- luis_cornejo said...
but what are your thoughts on what the 37signal guys are doing? They are moving away from the heavy client side js frameworks back yo rendering in the server. Check out their blog.
- August 22, 2012 at 5:35 AM
Well it is not that special. I did most of the rendering in the browser from the moment IE introduced the xmlhttprequest object.
At that time it was just waiting until the other browsers caught up.
It took a long time.
JSON is another of those 'technologies' that is bound to fase out as well. Structured text is much more compact and de/serializes incredible fast.
The last 12 years i did not have to change much client and server side. I just ignored all the 'technologies' that made it slower and using ever more resources. The IDE's are where most of the gains were made. Color coded and intellisense helps a lot.
The biggest problem of the web will always be the DOM and its interpretations and implementations. Instead of just making one standard in 1999, IE5 was at that moment the standard as it was most used. But no instead specifications were written that contradicted the way ms used it and created the difficult 12 years folowing that.
- August 22, 2012 at 5:51 AM
Antiquating frameworks like MVC is not going to happen. Even if you offload the HTML rendering to the browser, your server side view effectively becomes the JSON that you are sending to the client. The pattern still remains.
If you are developing simple apps like Commercial web sites that don't have a ton of logic or data being computed or passed around, then I can see a Backbone like framework being ideal. However, once you move in to the realm of Enterprise apps, the thought of the client (the browser) doing ALL of the UI work, I get frightened that developers like yourself are purporting such nonsense.
- August 22, 2012 at 6:30 AM
So, how would I get started in learning how to do this type of web development? I've been "toying" with Rails for years now but haven't done anything really interesting with it. Is there a "phrase" or something that I can look up for this? In other words, if I researched the "Rails Way" by searching out MVC (or MCV) as you put it, is there something I can search out to learn techniques for this new method? Is this method just inherent in the way people use ember.js and other tools? I'm interested, but not a "seasoned web dev" who can figure all this out on my own... :(
- August 22, 2012 at 7:02 AM
- Jeffrey Yasskin said...
Man, get with the times. "Web framework" now refers to the thing like Ember that runs in the browser. ;)
The one thing I wonder about with the new paradigm is how to optimize the initial latency of loading the page. Once the application is running, of course, a client framework with a json backend is exactly the right thing to use to optimize latency, but it's guaranteed to penalize the initial load by at least one round trip, in addition to the time needed to download any javascript. (Versioned URLs with infinite caching might be enough to eliminate the JS download time for all but the first request, but I haven't tested that.) Maybe that extra round trip isn't significant for 90% of web sites?
- August 22, 2012 at 8:52 AM
- Jeffrey Yasskin said...
- This comment has been removed by the author.
- August 22, 2012 at 8:53 AM
- Perry Butler said...
"our backend pushes the exact same JSON to our webpage as it does to our IOS app. And that same system will someday seamlessly become our API too."
This is probably the greatest consideration for using JSON/XML over AJAH - the ability to push that JSON/XML data straight to iOS native apps for parsing where HTML would be too messy to deconstruct. I myself refuse to cater to iOS native so I only develop for the web and make sure that it works cross platform.
I have been programming custom frameworks using an AJAH approach and it works extremely well. It's a hybrid - we render the full page at the server (synchronously) on initial page load (it gets cached!) and then do partial updates asynchronously (these also get cached!). This eliminates the need for the client to do several calls to the server on initial page load in order to fetch all of the content. Basically if we can do an update from the client we can do that same update from the server synchronously. This optimization dramatically reduces the number of HTTP requests made to the server. I look forward to trying Ember or Backbone one day but so far I have been able to do everything rather elegantly with jQuery alone. Thanks for writing this article.
- August 22, 2012 at 10:24 AM
It's a great moment when the penny drops that you can eliminate all presentation logic from the server-side forever. No templates, no HTML, just send JSON to a web GUI developed in 100% JS. Better segregation, fewer bugs, more flexibility, much less network traffic, agnosticism between client and server, etc.
Been doing it for years now. Never looked back. In fact, I like it so much that I develop desktop apps the same way via WebKit embedded in a Qt wrapper.
- August 22, 2012 at 8:36 PM
Problem with moving rendering part on the client is that client itself can be very dumb device with just a HTML renderer or switched JS off.
But Web itself is a stupid self-limiting technology: invented just to SHOW TEXT, not it used everywhere for anything and... suxx. Rich windows apps has way more beauty interface and response, including many hidden tasks which cannot be done from browser. So yes, framewroks gonna die and one normal .NET should solve all that "multiplatform" issue.
- August 26, 2012 at 1:30 AM
- rmurray said...
Twitter for example, moved from client side (browser) rendering back to server assembled templates because their app was too large and the long load times meant user experience was hampered. But then thats the scale of twitter...
- August 27, 2012 at 12:12 PM
I sort of see what your saying, but I'm not sure how this will result in the death of web frameworks.
A framework (e.g. rails) has routes, controllers, models, validations, helpers, etc. etc. When using something like backbone.js, that takes out of view layer but you still need a framework to do all the other backend work (albiet you are now returning json).
Am I missing something?
- August 31, 2012 at 9:10 AM
- jmarranz said...
(sorry previous comment was anonymous)
One thing I appreciate of you is you don't like to follow the "mainstream approach" whether you're not sure it's the right approach.
Regarding to server side web framework going to die:
"To improve the twitter.com experience for everyone, we've been working to take back control of our front-end performance by moving the rendering to the server. This has allowed us to drop our initial page load times to 1/5th of what they were previously and reduce differences in performance across browsers."
Reasoning is simple:
Getting JSON data from server is basically the same in performance than getting the same data decorated with the final HTML and modifying the page just with a simple innerHTML.
Apparently there is much more work in server: not at all, rendering JSON or HTML is not going the same very different and the most important thing:
That is in a pure centric you're going to ask several times to server because your code in client is not going to be smart enough and
the original source of truth and decisions are... in server.
Good luck with your Refresh.io adventure.
- September 15, 2012 at 2:47 AM
- September 25, 2012 at 8:50 AM
You talk about MVC as though you invented the pattern, but you did not. That honor is reserved only to the authors of the Smalltalk system, where the controller did not have a say in how the view rendered or otherwise interacted with its corresponding model.
I don't know what it is with all these people trying to bastardize MVC into Java, Javascript, servlets, or whathaveyou, but it's emphatically not MVC. Useful? Absolutely! MVC? No way. At best, it's some combination of Document/View (remember that one?).
Alas, it's much too late to change history now.
- October 16, 2012 at 8:53 PM
- Alexey said...
Google has moved to MPV a while back within their GWT framework so you can say all GWT developers are using MVP already and not MVC:
- November 4, 2012 at 7:16 PM
- Kamil Rakowski said...
Hey Paul! I made something for you and I also left an email at firstname.lastname@example.com ;) My email is email@example.com by the way.
Anyway, I made an alias generator for Mailinator! But not a random letters and numbers generator, but one that makes actual words. You can download it and see the screenshots, as well as the VirusTotal results, at webclip.tk/mailinator.
- April 6, 2013 at 6:03 PM
Mailinator.com : Anatomy of a Spammy Campaign
Mailinator is a popular disposable email service. It's also become a great tool for QA Teams to test email receipt, acknowledgment, au...
Mailinator is a popular disposable email service. It's also become a great tool for QA Teams to test email receipt, acknowledgment, au...
I recently gave a keynote at the ICIS 2009 conference in Shanghai. The topic was why multithreaded programming seemed so easy, yet turned ou...
Almost 3.5 years ago I started the Mailinator(tm) service. I got the bulk of the idea from my drunk roommate at the time and the first incar...


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The state�s highest court has been asked to review a recent appellate court decision involving the ownership of nearly 300 acres of undeveloped coastal property located adjacent to Hammocks Beach State Park n Swansboro.
SWANSBORO � The state�s highest court has been asked to review a recent appellate court decision involving the ownership of nearly 300 acres of undeveloped coastal property located adjacent to Hammocks Beach State Park in Swansboro.
The N.C. Attorney General�s office on behalf of the state Board of Education and co-defendant The Hammocks Beach Corporation Inc. have each filed petitions for discretionary review with the N.C. Supreme Court.
The petition for the Board of Education seeks the review on several grounds, including the significant public interest of the appeal.
The defendants in the case have sought to keep the property for public use for recreational and educational purposes, which they say was the original intent of the late Dr. William Sharpe, a neurosurgeon from New York. Sharpe came to Onslow County in the early 1900s and acquired The Hammocks, Bear Island and all the marshlands between.
�Over 60 years ago, Dr. and Mrs. William and Josephine Sharpe executed a trust instrument that preserved for educational and recreational purposes a unique natural resource � a large tract of undeveloped coastal property in Onslow County, North Carolina,� the petition reads. �The decision of the Court of Appeals allows the trust to be terminated in disregard of the Sharpe�s intent and results in the trust property being turned over to private individuals, thereby ensuring that sooner or later the land the Dr. Sharpe sought to preserve will be bulldozed to make way for private homes condominiums or motels.�
The Friends of the Hammocks and Bear Island Inc. has expressed support for a Supreme Court review of the case.
"While this is a rather complex legal case, the principles behind it are not," said David Pearson, the friend�s group president. "This is one of the largest pieces of undeveloped mainland coastal property on the Atlantic Coast. It has exceptional natural beauty. And, it should be preserved and protected for the enjoyment of all North Carolinians, fulfilling the vision of Dr. William Sharpe."
Sharpe made John Hurst, the son of a slave, and Hurst�s wife, Gertrude, caretakers of the hunting and fishing grounds.
While the history of the land is as complex as the lawsuit, a friendship between the Sharpes and the Hursts led to a shared goal of keeping the land in trust for use for recreation and education purposed by the N.C. Teachers Association and others. At the time, the Teachers Association was an association for black teachers and the property was to be used as a beach resort for its members.
The Hammocks Beach Corporation was formed in 1948 to manage the property and carry out the goal.
Limited funds and the remoteness of Bear Island made use of the island difficult, and Sharpe deeded it to the state in 1961 for a state park. Initially planned as a state park for minorities it opened to everyone following the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Bear Island and part of the mainland now make up Hammocks Beach State Park.
The remaining 289 acres has been managed by Hammocks Beach Corporation in trust and it has been used for 4-H and FFA camps.
In 2006, Harriett Hurst Turner and John H. Hurst, the grandchildren of the late John and Gertrude Hurst, filed a lawsuit claiming Hammocks Beach Corporation has not properly maintained the property and should be removed as trustee. According to information on the case, the deed states that if the trust cannot maintain the property, the state Board of Education can seek title, and if the state did not want the land, it could go to the heirs.
The Hursts have challenged the state claim to the property and attorneys for the family have argued that the Board of Education made judicial admissions that it has no interest in the case, including admissions made in a 2007 motion to be dismissed as a party to the legal action.
A December opinion filed by the N.C. Court of Appeals reversed the orders of the trial court, which had appointed the state Board of Education as successor trustee of the property. If the ruling stands, the property is awarded to the Hurst family.
Pearson said they hope that won�t be the case.
�FHBI�s goal in supporting this legal action is to meet the intent and wishes of Dr. and Mrs. Sharpe and John (and) Gertrude Hurst. Dr. Sharpe gave this land for recreation and education. He entrusted the educators of North Carolina (including the State Board of Education) with that vision. Doing otherwise would be an affront to his civic-mindedness, altruism and love of this magnificent property. They had great vision, and we owe it to their memory to continue this effort," he said via a news release.
The news release notes the connection of the Hurst family to the friends group.
In the late 1980s, Ned Hurst and Venice Hurst Cook, the eldest children of John and Gertrude Hurst, shared Dr. Sharpe�s vision of The Hammocks and Bear Island with local friends and that is how The Friends of the Hammocks and Bear Island, Inc. was formed. Ned Hurst was the first president of FHBI and Venice Hurst Cook�s son Jesse served as a ranger at Hammocks Beach State Park for 30 years.
Dr. Sharpe left a similar property in upstate New York to the Fresh Air Fund for recreation and education
Contact Daily News reporter Jannette Pippin at 910-382-2557 or email@example.com.


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Story highlights
- SeaOrbiter is a unique, ocean-going research vessel
- The vessel is designed by French architect Jacques Rougerie
- Building of 58-meter tall ship due to begin in October
It could be an alien spacecraft or a 21st century version of Captain Nemo's Nautilus from Jules Verne "20,000 Leagues Under the Sea," but in fact it's a live-aboard, ocean-going laboratory that could be exploring the seas as soon as late next year.
Called the SeaOrbiter, the part submarine, part research vessel is the concept of French architect Jacques Rougerie. Currently the centerpiece of France's pavilion at Expo 2012 in Yeosu, South Korea, it has spent almost 12 years floating around as a mere concept. It recently completed its industrial design phase and construction is slated for October this year.
"All technical issues are resolved, all the modeling is done," says Ariel Fuchs, education and media director of the SeaOrbiter project. "We gathered institutional and industrial support five or six years ago and it's been a real institutional and financial project for the last two years."
It is expected to cost around $43 million and when built, will be 58-meters in height, taller than Nelson's Column, a monument in London. When launched, around 50% of the vessel will be below the water line, allowing for constant underwater study, Fuchs says.
"One of the first users will be the science community," he says. "It's designed to explore the ocean in a new way, mainly spending time under the sea, giving people the opportunity to live under the sea for a very long time, to observe, to undertake research missions, like marine biology, oceanography and climate issues."
Rougerie's inspiration for SeaOrbiter comes from ocean explorers like Jacques Cousteau and the experimental Tektite underwater capsule laboratory that was used by oceanographer Sylvia Earle in 1969.
Earle is one of many vocal supporters of the SeaOrbiter project; others include former NASA Administrator Dan Goldin and astronaut Jean-Loup Chretien. The space connection doesn't stop there as SeaOrbiter has enlisted the support of the European Space Agency and other industrial organizations to help develop the technology needed for the ambitious project and its onboard systems.
Designed to drift with ocean currents, the vessel will generate the majority of its power for life-support systems and propulsion to avoid other ships and storms from renewable energy, including solar, wind and wave power, Fuchs says. A side project is underway in conjunction with EADS, the European defense and space systems conglomerate, to develop a biofuel as the ship's main power source.
"It meets the requirements of today's philosophy of sustainability," Fuchs says.
When built, the ship is expected to go to Monaco -- the same place where Jacques Cousteau began his missions.
"The larger education plan is explaining how important the oceans are in to the balance of the planet," says Fuchs.


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Posts Tagged ' change '
WordPress 3.3
The folks of WordPress recently released another update, 3.3!
It seems it answers many questions that a community member would have. For example, upon updating, you are greeted by a splash screen that tells gives you a change log of what things have changed. These will not satisfy the developers out there, but they will satisfy the everyday user, if they even really care about that information.
Furthermore, WordPress also has implemented a new tooltip thing for new features. I imagine users were getting lost in all the admin changes and rewrites and WordPress figured it would advantageous to guide the user through the new changes.
It makes me wonder why companies decide to make seemingly sweeping changes to their UI, without guiding their users through it. The end user is the most important part of this whole thing, and just dumping a new UI on them is not usually an optimal situation.
Category: Wordpress | Comments Off on WordPress 3.3


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DUNEDIN, Fla. (CBSNewYork/AP) — David Phelps is doing all he can to earn a role in the New York Yankees' starting rotation.
Phelps kept up his strong spring by allowing three hits over five innings in Sunday's 3-0 win over the Toronto Blue Jays.
"Phelps' command has been very good," Yankees manager Joe Girardi said.
Phelps, a 26-year-old right-hander who went 4-4 as a rookie last year, has given up one run in 14 innings over four starts.
"Everything was working," said Phelps, who struck out three and walked one.
Phelps is competing with Ivan Nova to be a starter and could win a rotation role if Phil Hughes doesn't recover from a back injury by the first week of the season. Diagnosed three weeks ago with a bulging disk in his upper back, Hughes is set to throw 25-to-30 pitches off a bullpen mound Monday. He had a 10-pitch mound session Saturday.
"We believe that Phil's probably going to be ready," Girardi said.
Juan Rivera, likely to get April playing time in the outfield while Curtis Granderson is sidelined, had three hits, including a three-run double off Brett Cecil in the fifth.
Blue Jays left-hander J.A. Happ allowed four hits in 3 1-3 scoreless innings. He appears to be the odd man out to win a spot in Toronto's revamped rotation that includes offseason acquisitions R.A. Dickey, Mark Buehrle and Josh Johnson.
"It's very frustrating," Happ said. "I told myself a couple things before coming into camp that I would try to stay as positive as I could, and just kind of let things play out. I'm trying to do that."
Happ's role to begin the season could be as a major league reliever or a starter at Triple-A.
"I'm a major league starting pitcher," Happ said. "We'll have to let it play out."
Toronto manager John Gibbons understands Happ's frustration.
"I definitely feel for him," Gibbons said. "He knows what he's facing. Before it's all said and done, he's going to help us in a lot of ways."
CC Sabathia, the Yankees' expected opening-day starter, threw 52 pitches during a simulated game at Steinbrenner Field in Tampa. The left-hander, who had offseason left elbow bone spur surgery, is scheduled to make first exhibition start Friday against Miami.
"I had no pain, no problems," Sabathia said. "Felt like I was throwing a little harder than last time. I'm ready to go."
Girardi said Kevin Youkilis will play a game at first base this week. Signed to fill in at third base while Alex Rodriguez recovers from hip surgery, Youkilis could side time at first while Mark Teixeira recovers from a wrist injury expected to keep him sidelined until at least May.
Rodriguez had hip surgery in January and might return around the All-Star break.
Youkilis stopped an 0-for-9 start with a first-inning double, and finished 1 for 2 with a walk.
New York also is looking at Cuban infielder-outfielder Ronnier Mustelier at third. Rivera played first on Sunday.
Toronto third baseman Mark DeRosa made a nice play along the foul line and then threw out Jose Pirela at first with the bases loaded and two outs in the fourth. Anthony Gose made a ninth-inning diving catch in center to take a hit away from Addison Maruszak.
New York's Brett Gardner walked in the fifth. He has reached base safely in all 10 of his exhibition games.
NOTES: Yankees captain Derek Jeter (ankle surgery) is scheduled to DH for the second time Monday. The shortstop, who made his initial exhibition appearance Saturday, might play in the field Wednesday. … Toronto RHP Brandon Morrow is to pitch in a minor league game Tuesday. … New York LHP Andy Pettitte is to make his 2013 spring training debut Wednesday night. … Yankees reliever Boone Logan (sore elbow) threw 10 pitches off a bullpen mound. … Toronto optioned LHP Evan Crawford and C A.J. Jimenez to Double-A New Hampshire.
Should Phelps make the Bombers opening day rotation? What do you say, Yankees fans?…
(TM and © Copyright 2013 CBS Radio Inc. and its relevant subsidiaries. CBS RADIO and EYE Logo TM and Copyright 2013 CBS Broadcasting Inc. Used under license. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. The Associated Press contributed to this report.)


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2011: Started all 22 games for the Blue Devils ... led the team with a career-high eight assists ... garnered her second consecutive Longstreth/NFHCA All-America second team honors ... registered a goal against Maryland in the ACC Tournament semifinals on Nov. 4 ... key contributor on both attack and defensive penalty corners ... All-ACC and first team All-South Region selection ... also named to the ACC All-Tournament team ... played in and started 81 games for her career, totaling four goals and 13 assists.
2010: Started all 19 games for the Blue Devils in her junior campaign ... earned second team Longstreth/NFHCA All-America honors ... named to the Longstreth/NFHCA All-South Region first team and also garnered All-ACC accolades ... placed on both the NFHCA National Academic All-America and All-ACC Academic squads ... dished out an assist in Duke's win at Longwood on Sept. 4 ... also registered an assist against Old Dominion on Sept. 19 ... scored a goal against No. 10 Ohio State on Sept. 18.
2009: Played in all 19 games ... versatile player in the midfield and on defense ... earned third team NFHCA All-America honors ... first team All-South Region for the second-consecutive season ... tallied one assist on the year ... had a defensive save against North Carolina on Sept. 26 ... NFHCA National Academic All-America choice ... ACC All-Academic Team selection ... member of the U-21 U.S. National Team.
2008: Made an immediate impact as a freshman, starting all 21 games in the midfield ... first team All-South ... named All-ACC as a rookie ... scored two goals and added two assists for six points ... fired 14 shots ... first collegiate goal came vs. Ohio ... also scored in NCAA Tournament second round vs. Maryland ... named to the All-ACC Academic squad ... participated in the 2009 Youth Olympic Festival in Sydney, Australia, one of just 16 players selected by USA Field Hockey.
Prior to Duke: Member of the U-21 and U-19 National Teams ... 2007 CanAm and Wales Games team member ... captain of Wales U-16 squad in 2005 and 2006 ... competed in the European Championships in 2006 ... first team All-America selection ... also named first team all-region and all-state ... three-time Delaware County Player of the Year ... Main Line Player of the Year in 2007 ... captain of Haverford High School squad ... Central League Champions in 2006 and 2007 ... reached the state quarterfinals in 2007 ... Festival A Pool winner with Mystx Storm club team in 2006-07 ... Mystx Club Team National Indoor Champions Pool A 2008 ... named Main Line Public School Athlete of the Year in 2008 ... also competed in varsity track at Haverford, serving as team captain for three years ... owns school records in the 100m, 200m and 300m hurdles as well as the 400m and 4x200m and 4x400m relay events ... state medalist in the 400m and 800m races ... three-time county champion in the 400m ... National Honor Society member.
Personal: Born August 26, 1990 ... daughter of Linda and Peter Jones ... favorites include ice cream, Titanic, Angela's Ashes and *NSync ... sports heroes are her three brothers - David, Owen and Gareth ... can't live without her hooded sweatshirt ... would like to spend a day with Justin Timberlake ... dream job is to be a sports broadcaster ... chose Duke for its outstanding academic reputation, beautiful camps and great hockey program.


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Beyonce Goes Retro for the New 'Love on Top' Video
After teasing her new 'Love on Top' video for weeks, Beyonce has finally unveiled the finished product. The video for the feel-good love song is simple in the sense that the choreography and outfits are the center pieces of the visual, with sets being kept as subdued as possible except for the addition of some lights.
As we saw in the preview, the 'Love on Top' video kicks off with Beyonce dancing in a brightly lit room overlooking the ocean along with a group of male backup dancers. Bey is pictured wearing a black bodysuit, tights, black sneakers and a decked-out military cap. The choreography has an old-school feel, reminiscent of new jack swing groups from the '80s and '90s, with coordinated kick steps that look like they could've been in a New Edition or Boyz II Men video back in the day.
Suddenly, the visual changes, and Beyonce and her backup boys switch out their contemporary hip-hop flair for gold suits and a darker room that is illuminated with matching tones of gold. This time around, Beyonce seems to be channeling the '70s with her flashy pantsuit. The outfit swaps don't stop there though, as the diva and her guys also wear white suits and tuxes towards the end, with Bey pulling a sexy reveal towards the closing portions of the vivacious, fun clip.
'Love on Top' marks the fourth video off of Beyonce's '4′ album, following 'Run the World (Girls),' 'Best Thing I Never Had,' and 'Countdown.' Which video has been your favorite so far?
Watch the Beyonce 'Love on Top' Video


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Workplace pension participation has rocketed to its highest level in a decade across the South East with young people and those in lower paid jobs among the biggest winners.
New figures have revealed that in 2014 69 per cent of eligible employees across the region paid into a workplace pension, an 11 per cent increase on the previous year.
Nationwide, 70 per cent of eligible employees -13.9 million people - paid into a workplace pension in 2014, a 15 percentage point increase in just two years.
Young people in the private sector in particular have seen a remarkable boost to their future retirement prospects, with more than half now saving. Fifty-four per cent of 22 to 29-year-olds made regular contributions in 2014 – more than double 2012's figure of 24 per cent.
It is a further sign that the Automatic Enrolment pension reform is turning around the long-term decline in people who are saving for the future.
Minister for Pensions, Baroness Ros Altmann said:
"Pension saving across the South East has hit a 10-year high which is great news for the retirement prospects of workers across the area.
"Automatic Enrolment is key to a pensions' revolution which is breathing new life into workplace pension saving, to help give people the security and independence to start planning for their future."
The numbers of people participating are set to continue rising as Automatic Enrolment extends its reach to small and micro firms between now and 2018, by which time about 9 million workers will have been enrolled.
We are working hard to try to help more employers set up and contribute to pensions for their employees.
The Government will be increasing the minimum contributions that must be paid in to Automatic Enrolment to eight per cent in 2018, to help people further accumulate a bigger retirement pot.
Automatic Enrolment has completely changed the face of pension saving. Instead of individuals having to fill out forms to join a pension scheme, they are now enrolled automatically by their employer provided they are at least 22 years old and under state pension age, and earn more than £10,000 a year. If they don't want to belong they now have to actively opt out.
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Indien dans la Ville: The Videogame
>> Sunday, May 6, 2007
Lots of DVD's nowadays include small interactive games, as complicated as the DVD software allows for it. It's a nice treat to promote the video and it expands the value of the package. A decade earlier, CD-i would have been even more perfect to include promotional games with video cd's. Every movie had to be pressed on two CD's, and there are only very few titles that make clever use of this space. Like we exposed in our TF1 visit a few weeks back we were eagerly waiting for some visual material of the promised game that was included on the second VideoCD disc. Thankfully this caused an acceleration in our contact road and after the preview Le Monde du CD-i published we will follow with our opinion of some never-before-seen action games on CD-i.
Un Indien dans la Ville shows the importance of "pans" for the native people, and it takes for an act of love when a pan is given to a girl. This theme is implemented in the game as well: The concept is about catching enough pans to offer to Charlotte; one of the main characters of the movie and game. You are Mimi-Siku, the little indian in the big city (hence the title, only in french). When you start the title (Disc 2, that is) you are offered two choices, to watch the second part of the movie or to play the game. The game is only available in french language and that's why you'll only find this game in the original french version of this title. Well, the digital video is nicely built in the intro movie, accessible by clicking "Baboune" in the main menu of the game. The menu consists of windows in the same style as the old Microsoft Windows version: it gives the presentation an original look.
By starting a new game Charlotte will appear who explains you the main purpose: Collect as much pans as possible. You'll enter the main overview map from which you can enter the various mini-games:
1. The Ghost Train: In this game you're in a rail car just like you were in Mystic Midway: Phantom Express. Using the CD-i controller you can move to the left and right to avoid upcoming obstacles. Meanwhile you'll have to catch the pans. After a few minutes the rail track comes to the end of the tunnel. The animations are on par with Philips'own Mystic Midway graphics, so expect nothing more nothing less.
2. Panic on Eiffel Tower: This is a small platform game that plays a little like Donkey Kong. You start on the bottom floor and you work your way up to the top by using elevators (like in Hotel Mario). Scattered around are pans which you have to collect as well. There are guards walking around who shouldn't catch you, otherwise its game-over for you. From the top barrels of paint are thrown down but it's not hard to reach the third floor. The animation is a little poor and the game is over pretty quick, but the sweet attention to the movie gives it a nice touch.
3. Attention to Crocodiles: Here you have to cross a river by jumping on the backs of crocodiles. It's exactly the same gameplay as in Frogger, the ultimate classic in these type of games. The crocodiles are in three lines and dive from time to time so you have to jump around, collect pans, avoid from falling into the water and so on. You receive one pan every time you reach the other side. It's over quickly, but the game is responsive enough to entertain you!
4. The Rapids from Lipo-Lipo: You are in a canoe floating around and from top-view you have to avoid trunks, rocks and crocodiles. Again, you have to collect pans which are around everywhere. This game definately offers the most action and fun of the total package! But while playing these games I have to admit the fun is limited to a fast experience of all these little games. You can't compare it with games like Family Games, which basically is about the same sort of collection of mini-games, only Family Games has been worked out with much more perfection than "Un Indien dans la Ville".
5. Good appetite Maitika: This is the biggest game without a doubt, with different stages to complete (increasing in difficulty). Maitika the Spider wants to eat flies and you have to shoot the flies using your 'snorkel'. Located in the house, you poison the flies which are everywhere in the rooms. When you have killed 10 flies, you win. The next levels (total of five) are more difficult and require more flies to catch. There's also a time limit which is challenging you to the max!
The cartoony graphics are definately on its place and TF1 did a good job in extending the movie with this collection of mini-games. As an extra, they are very welcome, but when you think of the Game Boy version which offers basically the same games, it's too short and blant to call it a real game. I appreciated the audio commentary of Stephan and Charlotte although my french language is not perfect. If you don't understand french, you can still play the games as the objectoves are pretty clear, but you miss most of the storyline and fun when you don't. Don't expect a full-fletched CD-i game here, but it's worth mentioning as a succeeded extra to the original movie.
Thanks to: Le Monde du CD-i


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Fall Out Boy Tickets
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Formed in the Chicago suburb of Wilmette, Illinois, Fall Out Boy is known for their pop punk and pop rock music. The band formed in 2001 by Pete Wentz and Joe Trohman also includes members Patrick Stump and Andy Hurley. Fall Out Boy grew from the hardcore punk scene of Chicago to headlining concert tours to sold out audiences. The group has experienced tremendous success over their career, including a double platinum record and hit singles including "Sugar, We're Goin Down," "Dance, Dance," "This Ain't a Scene, It's an Arms Race," and "Thnks fr the Mmrs." Fall Out Boy took a small hiatus from 2010 to 2012 and recently reformed in 2013 to release their fifth studio album, Save Rock and Roll. The album has been described as a "rather stunning renaissance" for the band and has received many positive reviews. Get tickets to Fall Out Boy's next upcoming shows with help from Gold Coast Tickets. We have all the information you need to make sure you have a prime seat at one of their memorable concerts. Check out our available tickets on Gold Coast Tickets today!
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Thursday, January 24, 2013
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After surviving long marches, low morale, and horrific battles, the Confederates swarm over his regiment at Gettysburg on the first day of the great battle. Now a prisoner, he faces a grueling death march south with a defeated, angry Rebel army. Worse, a grinding, lice-ridden death by starvation awaits him at Richmond's Belle Island and later, the infamous Andersonville. How did he survive? http://www.amazon.com/-/e/B001HPJGH0 email@example.com


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Insert the battery pack that came with your Xbox One Play & Charge Kit into your Xbox One Wireless Controller, and charge it using the charge cable included in the kit.
The light on your charge cable glows amber to indicate the battery is charging. When the light changes to white, the battery pack is fully charged.
You can use your controller to play while the batteries charge. Your controller transmits all signals through the cable until it's unplugged. When the battery pack is fully charged, you can stay connected to your console with the charging cable without using battery power or damaging your batteries.
You can also charge your battery by connecting the controller and charge cable to any USB power source, and use other USB-certified cables. However, charging times may vary.
Other batteries
Standard AA (LR6) batteries work in your Xbox One Wireless Controller, and so do rechargeable AA (LR6) batteries. Regular rechargeable batteries don't charge in the controller. Recharge other batteries by the method recommended by the manufacturer.
From time to time, it's a good idea to clean the battery contacts with a dry cloth or isopropyl alcohol and a cotton swab. Don't use water or chemicals, which can damage the contacts.
If the LED on the charge cable is not lit, make sure your battery is in place and the cable is properly inserted into the controller and console.
If your battery is still not charging, your battery may be at fault. See Troubleshoot the Xbox One Play & Charge Kit battery pack.
Consult your Xbox One Product Manual for important health and safety information about using batteries with your Xbox One Wireless Controller.
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Rancho Baptist Church exists to glorify God by making disciples who love God, love others, and live to reach their world for Christ.
Our Beliefs
We provide exciting ministry opportunities for people of all ages. Explore our ministries and then get involved!
The Lord is doing amazing things through our partners all over the world! Learn more about them and potential mission opportunities here.
We serve a God who answers prayer and cares for our needs. We hope that these resources encourage you and that as a church, we can come alongside you.
Speaker: Mark DeNeui


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No national parks. No new small business loans. No tax audits. No way to check that the employee you want to hire is a citizen.
Hundreds of thousands of federal workers will be furloughed now that the government has shut down.
Here's a list of what you likely can and can't do during a government shutdown. We'll be adding to the list.
During a shutdown, you can:
Get help from 911: All emergency services will continue as usual, including law enforcement and emergency and disaster assistance.
Get mail: Employees of the United States Postal Service are exempt from furloughs.
Get your Social Security benefits: Payments will continue to be issued, and the Social Security Administration says they do not expect delays in payments.
Apply for new Social Security and Medicare benefits: Local offices are open and processing new applications.
Get a passport, probably: The Bureau of Consular Affairs is funded by fees rather than appropriated funds, so it will continue to operate, a spokesperson told NBC Washington. However, some State Department passport offices are located in federal buildings that may have to shut down, so you should check to see if your preferred passport office is open before visiting.
Sign up for healthcare exchanges: Despite the GOP's attempts to defund or delay the Affordable Care Act, the plan is already funded, and online healthcare exchanges are scheduled to open Tuesday for uninsured Americans. (Read more.)
Be protected by the U.S. military: All active-duty military personnel are exempt from furloughs, although they could stop receiving pay in mid-October. (They would be paid retroactively when the government reopens.)
Ride Amtrak: While Amtrak receives federal subsidies, it's organized as a corporation and collects enough revenue in ticket fees to outlast a brief shutdown.
Travel by air: Federal air traffic controllers and most TSA agents would continue showing up to work, although you may find some longer lines at security checkpoints.
Apply for a new patent: The U.S Patent Office is funded for the next four weeks, which should be enough to outlast any government shutdown.
Safely eat meat: Meat inspectors with the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) will continue to report to work because they're essential for public safety.
Learn about the unemployment rate: The September jobs report will be released Friday.
Get an unemployment check: Checks will still be sent out, although some payments may be delayed due to a reduction in workforce.
Get food stamps: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits will continue to be distributed.
Pay taxes: All tax payments will continue to be processed. Note that millions of taxpayers have requested 6-month extensions on their 2012 tax filings, and that the deadline for that is Oct. 15. That deadline is not expected to change.
Get weather warnings and watches: All National Weather Service offices will be open and will continue to provide forecasts and severe weather alerts.
During a shutdown, you can't:
Get a new small business loan: Existing loans would be honored, but new applications would not be accepted.
Go to the Smithsonian or National Zoo: About 90 percent of the museums' 6,400 workers will be furloughed, with all museums and the zoo to be closed. The animals will still get fed, but visitors won't be around to see that.
Camp in a national park: All national parks -- from Yosemite to Acadia -- will close, and day visitors will have to leave immediately. (But longer-term campers already in parks will have two days to leave.)
Visit a Civil War battlefield: Like national parks, historic battlefields will be closed.
Watch the National Zoo's Panda Cam: We know -- in the event of a government shutdown, there are more important things for many people to worry about. But Washington, D.C.'s first panda cub in years was a cause for celebration around the region, and huge numbers of fans have flocked to the Panda Cam since the cub's birth in August.
Visit the Capitol: While the Capitol will remain open for congressional matters, it will be closed to visitors.
Check the legal work status of an employee: The E-Verify system allows employers across the country to check on immigration status, but it's a federal website, which means it would be shut down.
Continue to be audited: The IRS will suspend audit activities. (They will begin again as soon as the government shutdown is over.)
- Senate Has Next Move with Hours to Go Until Shutdown
- 10 Ways a Government Shutdown Might Affect You -- Even If You're Not a Federal Worker
- Government Shutdown Wouldn't Stop Affordable Care Act


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Simplifying Fractions (Test 2)
Simplifying Fractions Test 2
Below is a 5-question test on simplifying fractions. This test is linked to the lesson on simplifying fractions, which also has a test.
All tests are printable, and all resources on this website can be used without prior permission. Whether you're teaching or learning, good luck!


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Commissioner Goodell Briefs Media Following League Meeting
Commissioner Roger Goodell addressed the media today following a meeting of NFL owners and club executives at the Westin O'Hare hotel in Chicago, Illinois.
Following is a transcript of the Commissioner's press conference:
June 21, 2011
Opening statement:
We just finished a several hour session with our ownership obviously. It was a good session. We had a full discussion. Labor was the only item we discussed today. We went through it in great detail with our ownership so they're up to speed on the issues and get their input. I must apologize to you in advance that there are several question I will not be able to answer. As you know, we are under orders from the magistrate with respect to our discussions. We're going to respect that of course and respect the players in the process. I am happy to try to answer any question you have.
On how optimistic you are at this point in the process:
Well I can answer it this way; I think it's a tremendous positive that the principals are talking. Players and owners are talking to one another and negotiating, and I think that's a positive step. Hopefully we'll all be successful in reaching an agreement that's fair and balanced for everybody.
On there being much discussion in the meeting among the owners:
You've never been in an owners meeting before…listen I've said it before I think anytime you're dealing with the NFL and the 32 clubs with 1,800 players, you're going to have different perspectives and different elements that people might not see eye to eye on. But I think the objective is to get something that works for everybody. It's not what everybody wants, it's what everybody needs to reach an agreement that's fair and balanced and is going to work to make our game better and to continue to grow our game.
On what was discussed in the negotiating sessions:
Well again I'm not going to get into specifics of our negotiating session but obviously we went through everything with our clubs. Training camp, off-season issues – they're all important issues to both the players and to the clubs, their health and safety remains the number one priority for us. Those things have been discussed and will continue to be discussed.
On having authority from owners to complete a deal:
We've done a terrific job – meaning the CEC – which is a representative of 10 clubs and our staff – of keeping our ownership informed. We identified the priorities together, the objectives together and the negotiations have gone in such a ways that they have been fully informed at every step. That's the way it should go. I believe they're fully informed and hopefully all of us will continue to work hard and get something to bring back to the ownership and they'll bring back to their players.
On there being a consensus on what will happen next:
That might be a little deceiving in terms of a consensus because we don't have an agreement. I think we have a very strong view of the priorities and a very strong view of what we need to continue to accomplish during the negotiations and a determination to get there. The ownership is unified on that basis.
Can you give us an idea if you came into this meeting knowing what it would take from the players to get a deal done?
No, it would not be fair to say that. We're in the midst of a negotiation.
Do you have any better idea of what will happen with training camp, preseason and then with the Hall of Fame Game?
When I know you'll know I promise.
Do you think that meeting for about 5 hours and then the fact that owners have been warned that they may have to stay over to the next day that that's a good sign?
You're reading far too much into that. The only subject we raised today were the labor issues. We obviously could have raised other issues but we thought it best to keep it completely focused on the labor issues.
Will you be meeting again with the players and the trade association?
This week?
I didn't say that. . .we've done a very good job of keeping our meetings focused on issues and not distractions and we're going to try to continue to try to do it in a confidential and professional way.
What is your level of confidence that you will be able to accomplish an agreement?
We've got a lot of work to do and we've got to do it right. The agreement that we're focusing on and negotiating has got to address several issues. Those issues are complex and it needs to be done in a way that is fair to the players, fair to the clubs, and most importantly allows us to continue to have that full 2011 football season. That's what we want, that's what the fans want, they want football and it's our job to try to make that happen.
Do the players share the same commitment to getting an agreement to play a full 2011 season?
Yes, I think they do, yes.
Is there a point that you get to over the course of the next 2 months where there is a breakdown and you say you know what we can't play a full season if we get to this point. Is that sometimes in late July or mid July if you haven't gotten a deal?
Is there a drop dead date? There isn't but obviously, time is moving quickly and we are fast approaching the training camp period. There is an urgency for everybody to get this done.
On reflecting on the process:
I hadn't had much of a chance to sort of reflect. I'm not sure it's productive for me to reflect. At this point in time I think we are focused on how we get to an agreement and what we can do to address the remaining issues in a productive way. At some point I'll have a chance to reflect on different stages of the negotiation. The good news here is that the principles are talking. I think both sides are working to try to reach an agreement.
On process of owners voting:
There's a lot to be done. Obviously you'd want to have the agreement fully negotiated and reflected in the documents. Secondly, you'd have to go to the various bodies, the players and there is some litigation involved with this also as you know that would have to get resolved also. Those steps would have to take place and would be done on an expedited basis as possible.
On potential framework and if owners have a better understanding of it today:
I think the ownership has a better understanding of the framework and I think we have a better understanding of the various issues and priorities within the membership. Obviously, we are negotiating with the players and the Players Association and that's what we'll resume doing.
On meeting with Carl Eller:
We did meet with Carl for about an hour this morning with three owners and a fourth came in later. Carl came in and as you know we've had various retired players address the full ownership. We had a good opportunity to speak to Carl today about his priorities and his objective.
On if things are going well and if the meetings were "somber:"
We just got done with 5 hours of owners meeting. It was a good day in the sense that we had a full discussion on the issues and I think our ownership continues to be determined to reach an agreement and play that full season. They are united. They believe that in the best interest of the game we need to correct various aspects of collective bargaining. Everyone's determined to try to get that done and still have the full 2011 season.
On what he would say to fans who are getting anxious about the start of the season:
There's no question. I speak to fans all the time and the anxiety level is very high. I think the best thing I can tell them at this stage is we're working as hard as we possibly can and we'll go the extra mile to try to reach that agreement. We know how important football is to fans, and we want to deliver on that.
On the federal court issuing a ruling:
We don't anticipate there will be a federal court oversight.
On why the league called an owners meeting today and whether there was a gap among the owners:
We're negotiating with the players, not with ourselves.
I don't think there was a gap in the first place. I think our ownership understood the issues. We were just bringing them up to speed, getting their input, and getting to the point where they're fully aware of what's transpired over the last several weeks. That's our responsibility and ultimately they'll have to vote on this agreement.
On future meetings between the owners and players:
We would hope to increase the frequency of these. We did not address that today, but yes, we would hope to increase the frequency of those meetings.
# # #


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English Rugby
Easter slams reliance on foreign-born players
ESPN Staff
January 6, 2013
Nick Easter still has hopes of adding to his 47 England caps © PA Photos
England squad members born overseas:
Harlequins No.8 Nick Easter has launched a scathing attack on England's policy of selecting foreign-born players - labelling it as an "insult" to English rugby.
Easter has won 47 caps for his country but the 34-year-old hasn't been part of the international set-up since England crashed out of the 2011 Rugby World Cup. With one eye on the next World Cup, head coach Stuart Lancaster has put his faith in Gloucester's Ben Morgan and Leicester's Thomas Waldrom.
Waldrom's rapid elevation appears to have particularly riled Easter with the New Zealander fast-tracked into the England set-up as soon as it was discovered he qualified through an English grandmother.
"I have no problem with the likes of Manu Tuilagi and Dylan Hartley (born in Samoa and New Zealand respectively), who were educated here and learnt their rugby here, but it is a little bit harder in the case of somebody who was born, educated and learnt their rugby somewhere else," Easter told The Sunday Times in reference to Waldrom although South African-born centre Brad Barritt is another in the current squad to have been recruited having started his rugby education overseas.
Easter, who has arguably improved since being cast into the international wilderness, is adamant England have got it wrong by adopting such a recruitment policy. "There's no reason why England should be getting players in this way with the population of players we've got. It's a bit of an insult to our rugby. How come we're not developing our own players? I know the All Blacks did it with Pacific Islanders in the 70s and 80s but if it was left to me, I wouldn't take a player from another country that is available only because he didn't make it in his own country."
Lancaster names his latest England and England Saxons' squads this Wednesday, but Easter does not expect his name to be on either list despite his good form being a major factor in Harlequins' push for domestic and European honours this season. He will be 37 when the rest of the world descends on England in 2015 and as a result a third World Cup appears highly unlikely but he remains hungry for international honours in the near future.
"I have a degree of realism about this. I am not expecting to be ... well, it would be a bigger surprise to me to be in the squad than not be in it, but I want to get back in," Easter said. "I have unfinished business with England, especially because of the way it ended. I am as passionate about wearing that white shirt as I was when I made my England debut, probably more so.
"I know I can do the job. I can compare myself with the other contenders, my England rivals. They play in the Premiership, you're playing against them regularly and while I accept there will be a time when I'm not capable of playing for England that time hasn't yet arrived. I agree with a lot of what Stuart has done. After 2003 they didn't take the opportunity to bring people through. After 2011, the squad needed to be freshened up. But on the other hand, you have to pick your best players."
© ESPN Sports Media Ltd.
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10 of Film's Most Mouth-Watering Feasts
Thanksgiving is a time of coming together, of enjoyment, of abundance — in a word, of food. For centuries, the meal has been an American cultural centerpiece, a moment of epicurean indulgence and familial togetherness. And while we remember the feasts of our childhood with heartwarming nostalgia and salivating mouths, the feasts that have the most power over our imagination are the ones we've never actually attended, experienced only through the mind's eye and the magic of editing. Perhaps it's because they're unattainable that they've become the focus of our hedonistic fantasies. Or maybe it's because multimillion-dollar studio budgets went into creating them. We're too hungry to keep contemplating, so while we raid our fridges, feast your eyes on the most delicious meals in movie history.
In Babette's Feast, one of the most iconic food movies ever made, a French woman fleeing persecution begs to be taken in by two spinsters and their Protestant minister father in provincial Denmark. Babette, becomes their cook and housekeeper, over time learning the foreign culture through its food. The minister dies, and Babette serendipitously comes into a fortune, but, before moving out, decides to prepare one last lavish meal to commemorate the 100th birthday of the town's late, beloved spiritual leader. This meal is both the setting and the theme of the film, which treats the preparation of food as a sacred ritual and propounds the sensuality at the core of coming together to eat.


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Economics Working Paper Archive (EconWPA)
This electronic archive of working papers in economics was run by Bob Parks and Larry Blume, with support from the Economics Department of Washington University in St. Louis. In 2006 it stopped accepting new submissions due to lack of institutional support.
This site worked closely with RePEc. Papers submitted here are also be in RePEc's database.
The Munich Personal Archive (MPRA) now offers a place for individual authors to put their works into the RePEc system.