text:
- Why Encrypt?
- What to Encrypt?
- Encryption over the Wire
- Encryption Methods
- Encryption At Rest
- Encryption Methods
- Using DEE with Informix
- Cooked Devices
- Raw Devices
Administrating and Developing with Informix
Matching: security X
Encryption Overview and plan.
MarkJamison 100000ESF6 Tags:  security encryption ids 11.50 informix 10.00 15,882 Views
How important is security (or why I've not been blogging a lot)
MarkJamison 100000ESF6 Tags:  encryption vormetric security expert informix query database 2 Comments 16,690 Views
Hi All,
So as it has been painfully obvious, I haven't been blogging particularly frequently over the past few months. Now on the one hand, you could just say that the "honeymoon period" for me on the blog is over, but the truth is I've been buried in regulatory compliance stuff and other security related issues. Of late, I've been working especially hard with a customer on implementing IBM Database Encryption Expert and Informix. It's been challenging learning a product that is focused at being integrated into the OS layer, but fun too. Of late though, I've wondered how much that might apply to application developers. Sure the intent is to be as transparent as possible, but if you data is have to be encrypted/unencrypted, do you want to know about it? And if so how much?
So anyway, I'm asking for feedback as to whether you would like to hear a bit more about encrypting databases, the methodologies, and what I firmly believe is the best choice for Informix, well ok all, databases.
Informix SSL and Security Best Practices Resources
gbowerman 100000B5T0 Tags:  security 2 Comments 14,922 Views
Two useful IDS security resources have recently been published..
1. developerWorks Article:
Protect your data with Secure Sockets Layer support in Informix Dynamic Server, Part 1: Setting up SSL support in IDS by IDS security engineers Manoj Mohan and Lynette D. Adayilamuriyil .
This article takes you through the basics of setting up encrypted database communcation using Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), which begins with requesting a Digital Certificate. The digital certificate is used to exchange keys at the beginning of an SSL connection, after which a random symmetric key is generated. The article also has a section on troubleshooting SSL in IDS.
Update: The article is here.
2. Audio replay and slides available for IDS Security Best Practices chat with lab.
IDS Security Architect Jonathan Leffer presented this topic at the Chat with Lab series on December 16th. The audio replay and slides are now available here: http://www.ibm.com/informix/labchats
Webcast Tuesday - Securing Your Data
Informix security architect Jonathan Leffler is giving a webcast on Tuesday March 4th 2008 at 12PM Eastern (5PM UTC) entitled Securing Your Data: Choosing the Right Platform.
The flyer for this webcast and registration details can be found here.
Draft Redbook: Security and Compliance Solutions for IDS
The draft of new IBM Redbooks publication Security and Compliance Solutions for IBM Informix Dynamic Server is now available at the IBM Redbooks web site: http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redpieces/abstracts/sg247556.html. This Redbook provides an overview of security features in IDS and has the following contents:
Chapter 1. Technology overviewChapter 2. Role separationChapter 3. AuditingChapter 4. Securing data with SQLChapter 5. Client-server communicationChapter 6. Server-server communicationChapter 7. Security issues with Backup and RestoreAppendix A. Audit event mnemonicsAppendix B. PAM API and macrosSo take a look if you'd like to preview this book prior to final publication and perhaps provide feedback.[Read More]
New Security Articles
IDS Security engineers Manoj Mohan & Lynette D. Adayilamuriyil have written a new developerWorks article Column-level encryption in IDS - Protect your sensitive data by using the column-level encryption (CLE) feature of IBM Informix® Dynamic Server (IDS) 10 and later. It's an accessible introductory article which includes using Column Level Encryption from Dbaccess, via a simple ESQL/C program, examples of using password hints, and how to calculate storage requirements for encrypted data.
Keeping to the topic of security Fernando Nunes recently wrote a detailed article on how to setup an IDS instance to use an Active Directory or OpenLdap server as its authentication infra-structure on his Informix-Technology blog. It includes screen-shots of setting up a Windows Server 2003 as an Active Directory Server. Well worth checking out: Informix user authentication: PAM for the rescue (part 1)[Read More]
PAM and JDBC - new article
Based on support calls there is a fairly high demand for Informix integration with Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM). When it comes to worked examples there is somewhat of a dearth. It is therefore refreshing to see this new developerWorks article by Manoj Mohan, Ramesh Gopal Srinivasan, Thamizhchelvan A. Anbalagan: Enhance Informix Dynamic Server security using the Pluggable Authentication Module framework and JDBC - Increased authentication flexibility for IDS.
The article includes a working example PAM module written in C with Solaris 32 compilation instructions and configuration file. Next is a an example JAVA callback module using JDBC. The Informix JDBC driver has supported PAM since 2.21.JC5. (Incidentally the JDBC version coming out with Cheetah will be 3.10.)
At one point the article states:
Note that IDS also supports LDAP on Windows which is set up and configured just like PAM - look in %INFORMIXDIR%\demo\authentication for an example. The IDS documentation for LDAP on Windows is here: http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/idshelp/v10/index.jsp?topic=/com.ibm.admin.doc/admin219.htm.[Read More]
File access rights on Windows
gbowerman 100000B5T0 Tags:  windows security 4 Comments 12,364 Views
Suppose you have some server code which needs to check whether a user has read or write access to a file...
A UNIX programmer might say: "Use stat() to get the file permissions and check them against the user and group id. I'm going to lunch. Don't wait up".
A Windows programmer on the other hand had better skip lunch and start coding.
Here are four possible ways to check whether a user has the requested access to a file on Windows. The first three use GetFileSecurity() to get a file security descriptor and varying methods toobtain the user's security credentials.
1. Use LogonUser to get a Token handle, and validate with AccessCheck()
If you have a Token representing a logged on user you can call the AccessCheck() functionto validate the user access rights against a file security descriptor. If your server code has the user's password and other credentials (not defined in the example code), you could get the Tokenusing LogonUser() (error checking removed for brevity). Assuming the desired access is encoded in the flags variable:
// desired access flags can be set to whatever you defineint flags = O_WRONLY;DWORD sdLen, dwAccessDesired = 0, dwPrivSetSize, dwAccessGranted;PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR fileSD;GENERIC_MAPPING GenericMapping;PRIVILEGE_SET PrivilegeSet;BOOL fAccessGranted = FALSE;HANDLE hToken;I have found this to be the most reliable method of checking a user's file access rights, with thedisadvantage that your server needs to have the user logon details.
2. Use OpenProcessToken() to get a Token handle and validate with AccessCheck()
If you have the process ID, pid, of the user's front-end process you can avoid logging on by getting a handle to the token using OpenProcessToken() as follows (the rest of the code would be the same):
HANDLE hProcess, hMyToken;LUID luid;
One problem I've experienced with this method is that OpenProcessToken() can fail with Access Denied on some machines and not others. I have yet to identify the root cause.
3. Use GetEffectiveRightsFromAcl() with a user SID
One way to verify a user's access rights without a token is to get hold of the user SID using LookupAccountName() and call GetEffectiveRightsFromAcl(). Once the file security descriptor has beenobtained as above the rest of the code would do this:
BOOL daclThere = FALSE, daclDefault = FALSE;PACL fileDacl;DWORD sidSize, domainSize = 128;BYTE pSid[sizeof(SID)+(SID_MAX_SUB_AUTHORITIES * sizeof(DWORD))];SID_NAME_USE sidType;char domain[128];TRUSTEE trustee;ACCESS_MASK mask;
A potential problem with this is that LookupAccountName() can take a long time to execute if you have a remote user from a trusted domain in a network infrastructure with many domains.
Another problem I've seen with this is GetEffectiveRightsFromAcl() failing with return code 5. I have an open support call with Microsoft concerning this problem.
Update 2/13/07: Thanks to some help from a Microsoft Escalation Engineer the specific problem has been identified as when any local user (i.e. not a domain user) calls GetEffectiveRightsFromAcl() and passes it the ACL of an unprivileged local user, the file ACLs include those for groups which contain domain groups, and at a domain level the Network access: Allow anonymous SID/Name translation setting is disabled (default setting) the function will return "Access Denied". Because of this reason using GetEffectiveRightsFromAcl() is not the recommended method to determine whether a user has access rights to a file.
4. Launch a process as the user and test access
If you don't want to mess with all the access functions, you could could simply create a process as the user using LogonUser() and CreateProcessAsUser()and try opening a file with the required permissions. This isn't a very efficient method, and executing a command leaves your code open to malicious command injection, but it works.
The file access rights implementation on Windows, and its programming interface, is in my opinion a pile of pants. It probably seemed like a good idea at the time to create an access model with so much flexibility, but a flexible security system is often a misconfigured security system. Suggestionswith simpler alternatives to the above are welcome.
Check User's Permissions On A File or Folder- ASP article By Softomatix.
How To Program a Secure Server on Microsoft Windows NT - Microsoft KB article
[Read More]
About the Informix Install Script Vulnerability
IBM announced a security vulnerability involving insecure use of the /tmp directory by the IDS and CSDK UNIX install scripts recently. The text of the announcement is here: Possible security vulnerabilities with Informix Dynamic Server, CSDK, and I-Connect product installers.
Reports of this vulnerability have been around since the beginning of October when someone called Larry Cashdollar sent an announcement directly to Bugtraq. As far as I can tell, in contrast to other security advisories we receive, IBM were not given any advance notice of this so had to start working on a response from that point. Since the announcement the usual security sites have picked it up, generally giving it a rating of less critical:
FrSIRT Security Advisories: IBM Informix Insecure Permissions and Temporary File Creation Vulnerabilities
Secunia Advisory #1: IBM Informix Dynamic Server Insecure Temporary File Creation
Secunia Advisory #2: IBM Informix Products Insecure Permissions and Temporary File Creation
Security Tracker: Informix Dynamic Server Uses Unsafe Installation Scripts and Directory Permissions That May Let Local Users Gain Elevated Privileges
I've been waiting for the dust to settle before writing about this given the less than critical impact, the straightforward workaround, the difficulty of exploiting and the IIUG coverage, but now the official IBM announcement is out it's worth at least highlighting the workaround:
Use the -log option when performing your product installation to redirect the temporary files created to a secure directory.
The following example from Jonathan Leffler illustrates using the -log workaround:
umask 077mkdir /tmp/informix./installserver -log /tmp/informixThis creates a directory with no public (or group) access, and then directs the install logs to that directory.
It is also worth mentioning that Informix products running on Windows do not have this vulnerability.[Read More]
Label Based Access Control
The recent Cheetah announcement covering the next major version of Informix Dynamic Server had a reference to a new feature called "record-level locking". This resulted in some speculation since "row-level locking" has been part of IDS for many years.
This was meant to be Label-Based Access Control. LBAC supports access to database objects based on labels, leading to highly configurable security policies, providing significantly increased control over who can access data. As mentioned in the press release, LBAC is already supported in DB2.[Read More]
Informix Data Privacy Webinar - September 27
Princeton Softech and the IIUG are hosting a joint webinar entitled Data Privacy... Protecting Your Informix Database on Wednesday September 27, 2006 at 3-4pm EDT. After reading the press release I had some questions about the agenda and requested more details. Eric Offenberg, product marketing manager at Princeton Softech, advises attendees can expect the following:
The registration page can be found here.[Read More]
Thoughts about Handler's Diary
Following IBM's Informix security announcement on July 31st and David Litchfield's corresponding Informix vulnerability disclosures at the Black Hat conference, news reports have been slowly popping up. Some, like this: searchsecurity.techtarget.com have been fairly accurate. Others have reported the vulnerabilities but omitted to mention that IBM has actually fixed them all, like this one: upi.com - I tried submitting a comment to that page pointing this out last week, but the page still says "No Comments Exist".
Yesterday the SANS Institute Internet Storm Center blog Handler's Diary covered the story. The article concludes with:
So given the facts above, are you asking the right questions of your vendors? How certain are you thatyour favorite software vendor is writing secure code? Do you have the ability to change software packages if you find that a product has been found to have basic programming errors? And can your organization afford to let known holes live unpatched for 1.5 years?
These are all good questions to ask, but give a misleading impression of how IBM handled the situation. Here's how IBM worked with NGSS from an inside perspective...
In 2004 David Litchfield at NGSS contacted IBM to advise that he was planning to look at Informix Dynamic Server and asked if we could provide him with some software. This enquiry was welcomed by IBM as it was known that NGSS is responsible in giving vendors time to fix problems discovered before announcing them, and gave us the opportunity to discover and resolve problems in a controlled manner, the end result being a much more secure product, so a recent copy of IDS was sent to NGSS for testing.
We were aware of press reports about Oracle having yet to address hundreds of security problems discoverd by NGSS so set about putting together an international team of advanced support, development engineers and IDS architects to address any reported problems as quickly as possible as well as look for unreported problems in these areas of the code. Beginning in January 2005 problem reports started coming in and around 20 individual problems were reported to us in total and each one was immediately assigned an owner to reproduce the problem, log a defect and start fixing it. Each fix was peer reviewed, development reviewed and put through QA. Some problems were determined to be duplicates of known problems which were already fixed, others were determined to be test case errors, some fixes resolved multiple problems. For the purposes of IBM's announcement these problems were categorized into 14 individual fixes, which started appearing in IDS fix-packs around May 2005. Throughout this process NGSS and IBM actively co-operated in understanding and reproducing the problems.
So if the problems were fixed and in IDS fix packs a year ago why did IBM only recently announce them? From the beginning the announcement was planned to coincide with David Litchfield's announcement to make sure as many customers as possible already had the fixes in place before they were published (this is particularly important for older code branches like 7.31 which has an annual fix-pack release cycle). David informed us a few weeks ago that he would be publicising them at Black Hat 2006 so the IBM announcement was made the day before. The main goal for IBM throughout was to learn from the mistakes of other database companies and make sure that the fix for every problem was in generally available versions of IDS before it was made public. This goal was achieved.[Read More]
Update on IDS Security Fixes
Following the recent IBM disclosure concerning the IDS security fixes, David Litchfield of NGSS announced the vulnerabilities at Black Hat 2006 this week.
At the risk of sounding biased, here are a couple of quotes from the SearchSecurity.com write-up that to me illustrate the differences in the approach of IBM and certain other database companies when it comes to fixing security vulnerabilities:
"The good news, Litchfield said, is that IBM has already addressed the flaws in versions 7.31.xD9, 9.40.xC8, or 10.00.xC4. Unlike his often strained exchanges with Oracle, Litchfield said IBM has been responsive."
"While the Informix problems have been addressed, Litchfield said they point to a larger issue: Database flaws are pervasive throughout the industry. He again used Oracle as an example, noting how the database giant has fixed more than 100 serious flaws but has yet to address another 400-plus vulnerabilities, which is the estimated number of unpatched flaws according to his work and that of other researchers."
A key lesson that NGSS often repeats is to make use of the existing security features available in your data server and operating system to restrict unauthorized access and hence minimize the opportunity for malicious use. For IDS look out for Jonathan Leffler's Paranoid DBA presentation and note the new Security chapter in the IDS 10.0 Administrators Guide.[Read More]
Important security fixes announced
Please note the new Flash Alert on the IDS Support website reporting security vulnerabilities addressed in the recent interim releases of Informix Dynamic Server.
The end results of an investigation by Next Generation Security Software (NGSS), who provided IDS Tech Support and Development sufficient time to fix all the issues they found before making any announcements, are tested and toughened interim releases of IDS across all current code branches (7.31, 9.40, 10.0). Upgrading to the latest interim is, needless to say, recommended.[Read More]
Inside Role Separation on Windows
gbowerman 100000B5T0 Tags:  windows security 4 Comments 11,772 Views
Informix Dynamic Server Role Separation can be important for data server installations where clearly defined security roles exist. This post describes how to disable Role Separation on Windows if you decide you don't need it after all, and how to partly enable it - maybe you no longer wish to maintain separate users and groups for specific DBA tasks, or maybe you don't want to add valid users to the ix_users group before they can connect to the database..
The Informix documentation for configuring Role Separation on Windows states quite clearly:
You cannot turn off role separation once you have enabled it. To remove role separation,you must uninstall the database server and reinstall it without role separation.
This is for a good reason - to disable role separation without reinstalling involves editing the registry, and if that goes wrong it is back to reinstalling. It is better to follow the policy that if a task requires direct edits to the registry it is not supported.
With suitable disclaimers in place here's how Role Separation can be disabled on Windows without reinstalling IDS. The required edits are presented in the form of a regini script. In order to use you would need to modify it to set "ol_myserver" to your INFORMIXSERVER value. If anyone knows how to specify an environment variable as a registry key in a regini script please let me know..
; Regini script to disable IDS Role Separation; Last modified 6/6/06 - Guy Bowerman
Once a customized version of this script is run, check the changes were made correctly, and then manually delete the ix_aao and ix_dbsso Security groups that were created at install time. When IDS restarts it should be back to its default un-role separated state.
What this registry structure implies is the possibility of having a partial role separation implementation. For example, suppose you don't want separate DBA roles, but do want to improve security by only allowing members of an ix_users group to access the data server. You could implement this by creating an operating system group for your users, and then setting the
value from "*" to the name of your group.[Read More]
Identifying administrators in a native Windows domain
One of our partners recently pointed out an authentication problem with the IDS install program on Windows...
If you install IDS on a Windows Server 2003 native domain, and you're an indirect member of the local Administrators group - that is you're a member of a group which is a member of the local Administrators group - the IDS install program will complain that you are not a local administrator and exit. Strangely this only happens on a native Windows Server 2003 mode domain (see this Microsoft Technet Article for an explanation of domain functional levels). If IDS is installed on a mixed mode domain a nested/indirect local administrator user is validated ok.
A little debugging showed the problem is down to a change in behaviour of the Win32 NetUserGetLocalGroups() network management function. The install program passes a user name to this function to enumerate the local groups the user is a member of, and sets the LG_INCLUDE_INDIRECT flag to make sure indirect group membership is included. For some reason in a Windows Server 2003 native domain this flag no longer appears to work.
What I'd normally do at this point is report this problem to Microsoft and await an explanation, but this needs to be resolved in a hurry and fortunately there is more than one way to enumerate the groups a user belongs to. A workaround is to get a Token handle for the current process, and call GetTokenInformation() to enumerate the groups, e.g.:
OpenProcessToken(GetCurrentProcess(), TOKEN_READ, &hToken);...GetTokenInformation(hToken, TokenGroups,(LPVOID)grpInfo, dwLength, &dwLength);
The token doesn't care if a user is a nested member of a group, so to determine if a user has local Administrator rights, each token can be compared with the local Administrator Security Identifier (SID). For example, get the Administrator SID:
AllocateAndInitializeSid(&sia, 2, SECURITY_BUILTIN_DOMAIN_RID, DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_ADMINS, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, &pAdminSid);Loop through each group and compare sid's:
for (i = 0; i < (int) grpInfo->GroupCount; i++) { if (EqualSid(pAdminSid, grpInfo->Groups[i].Sid)) { isAdmin = TRUE; break; } }This workaround seems to be ok, so although it looks like a problem with NetUserGetLocalGroups() we'll probably change our code.
Update: 5/23/06 - I forgot about the Settlement Program Interfaces and the IsUserAnAdmin() function. We'll probably just call that..
In case anyone runs into this problem, the bug reference is:
It should be fixed in the first 10.00.TC5W1 interim release, but if you need this fixed beforehand use this bug reference and contact Informix Technical Support.[Read More]


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MAJOR LEAGUE SERVICE TIME: 29 Years
CAREER: Became a member of the Major League staff in 1989...was the crew chief for the 2011 World Series and the 2017 NLDS...also has worked the All-Star Game (1994, 2001, 11, 14), the 2012 A.L. Wild Card Game, Division Series (1995, 98, 2001, 02, 05, 10-11, 13-14), League Championship Series (1997, 99, 2006, 09, 12) and the 2005 World Series...was the Replay Official for the 2014 All-Star Game...umpired the 1999 Opening Day game in Monterrey, Mexico between the San Diego Padres and Colorado Rockies...traveled to Japan and worked games in the country as part of a joint MLB-MLBPA All-Star Tour...was behind the plate for Fernando Valenzuela's no-hitter (June 29, 1990)...worked the plate when Barry Bonds hit his 71st homer in 2001...was behind the plate for Game 3 of the 2005 World Series, the longest game in Fall Classic history (14 innings, 482 pitches)...was an instructor at MLB's inaugural Umpire Camps (MLBUC.com), held at MLB's Urban Youth Academy in Compton, California, in November 2006...was named a crew chief for the 2010 season...has been an instructor at the Harry Wendelstedt Umpire School (1977-2006)...umpired in the Appalachian League (1978), Florida State League (1979-81), Southern League (1982-84) and Pacific Coast League (1985-87).
PERSONAL: Born in September 1958 in Kentucky...resides in Florida...married to Jacqueline...has two children: Brittany and Monica...graduated from Elgin High School in Marion, OH...works with disabled American veterans...one of his proudest moments as a Major League umpire was working the 1994 All-Star Game in Pittsburgh...enjoys fishing and participating in church and school activities with his daughters in the offseason...hobbies include fishing and outdoor activities.« Back to umpire roster

subset: commoncrawl


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|Topic: What's the creationists thought on this?
Wounded King
Member (Idle past 2260 days)
Posts: 4149
From: Edinburgh, Scotland
Be fair Pressie, creationists in general have distorted the work of a really wide number of researchers in many disparate fields. It is unreasonable to expect any one particular creationist to be familiar with all of them.
Posts: 2027
From: Pretoria, SA
Member Rating: 2.0
Inactive Member
Yes, in ALL honesty I am saying i've never heard of the woman before. All I know is that soft tissue was found inside a T.rex femur. I didn't know who discovered it until after Dr Adequate brought it to my attnetion. As you can see in my question to purpledawn, I did not mention any particular Scientists':
Im sorry if i've lead you to believe that I knew who she was. I do now. I really wasn't aware that I needed to know every Scientist who makes these discoveries. I suppose it would not have come up if she hadn't been a former YEC. In all of the Creationist sites I go to I've never searched for the topic. I've just seen it referenced in comments and articles.
It could have been Mr Rogers for all I knew. I just know it happened.
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.
Posts: 2027
From: Pretoria, SA
Member Rating: 2.0
I believe you when you say that you've never heard of Dr. Schweitzer. I did not try to say that you are a liar. I just find it very unusual for a staunch creationist to have never heard of Dr. Schweitzer and her work.
I tried to convey the message that very hard creationists who come to forums like these, usually are liars.
You, however, seem to be one of the victims of creationist lies. You keep on believing creationists, even after being pointed to examples of their lying. I think that you've never questioned creationism, because of your fear of hell.
Chuck77, you don't realize that the overwhelming majority of Christian scientists also accept the Theory of Evolution and an old earth as facts. You, personally, can't put the two together, but the vast majority of Christian scientists have done it and see absolutely no conflict at all!
Creationists pretend to do science and you believe them, notwithstanding reality. You don't have enough knowledge to realize that their pseudo-science is actually a very profitable industry. They make a lot of money out of your ignorance. Education can change your perception and open up a whole new world for you.
Edited by Pressie, : Spelling mistaaaaakes!
Member (Idle past 1878 days)
Posts: 2688
From: UK
I think that Pressie's incredulity comes from the fact that anyone reading about those fossils should have read her name several times.
It is a little like me talking about evolution and then saying: "Who's Darwin?".
Member (Idle past 2676 days)
Posts: 428
From: Portland, OR USA
Your beliefs do not effect reality and evidently reality does not effect your beliefs.
Reality has a well-known liberal bias.
I never meant to say that the Conservatives are generally stupid. I meant to say that stupid people are generally Conservative. I believe that is so obviously and universally admitted a principle that I hardly think any gentleman will deny it.
Posts: 4860
Member Rating: 3.2
As a rule of thumb, precision of a couple of percent is a reasonable result in most dating systems. U-Th-Pb dating systems can achieve sub-1% accuracy, mostly because the half-lives are known more precisely than for other isotopes (bombs and reactors, ya know).
See Neodymium-142 Evidence for Hadean Mafic Crust (free registration required). The rocks involved are constrained by the geological setting to be older than rocks that date to 3817 ± 16 My from U-Pb discordia dating, a claimed precision of about 0.4%. The rocks themselves were dated using Sm-Nd isochrons at 3819 ± 270 My and another set were dated at 3840 ± 280 My, both about 7% error. That's fairly high uncertainty, but these rocks have been through a lot and it's difficult to extract the information.
See Earliest Evidence of Life for a brief explanation of why these carbon particles are thought to be evidence of life. That article was published at about the same time as Neodymium-142 Evidence for Hadean Mafic Crust, and does not take those findings into account.
Edited by JonF, : No reason given.
Edited by JonF, : No reason given.
Suspended Member (Idle past 2756 days)
Posts: 212
From: Rural NSW, Australia
I think you are rude and your horns are showing.
I made no assertions really other than the research was interesting.
What that research does demonstrate is that evolutionists are always grabbing at straws. These evo researchers really have no idea......
Suspended Member (Idle past 2756 days)
Posts: 212
From: Rural NSW, Australia
A dino was most certainly found with tissue and bones in tact.
So in reply to your nasty attitude I say that many evolutionists are liars when it suits them.
All this talk on dinos being around 65mya appears to be debunked nonsense that evolutionists will clutch to with their dying breath.
In other words you may as well post evidence from Alice in Wonderland as hold up this theoretical woffle as evidence.
Edited by Mazzy, : No reason given.
Posts: 30984
From: Texas!!
Member Rating: 4.6
If a dinosaur were found alive today it would still not falsify the Theory of Evolution.
When you can understand why that is true you will begin to be able to actually discuss the subject.
Anyone so limited that they can only spell a word one way is severely handicapped!
Member (Idle past 1941 days)
Posts: 652
From: Puyallup, WA.
It's not clear to me what your problem is with scientists finding mineralized skin and soft tissue and even some proteins? This does not negate the Theory of Evolution. In fact, finding collagen Protein in the T-Rex gave scientists even MORE support for the ancestry that dinosaurs share with birds. Finding these proteins and soft tissues allows for scientists to strengthen their understanding of Evolution. Nothing in the ToE says that skin does not mineralize or mummify or whether we'll be able to extract proteins from million year old fossils. If you're looking for how or why that happens, your best bet is to study geology with a good dose of biology.
Member (Idle past 1878 days)
Posts: 2688
From: UK
Can it be?!
Did you reference an article that you didn't read??
Oh yes.
Here is a direct quote from that article:
quote:(Emphasis mine)
So, to clarify:
Time and again I see this kind of dishonest quote-mining and intentional misrepresentation of evidence from anti-evolutionists.
Edited by Panda, : No reason given.
Posts: 5391
From: Snyder, Texas, USA
Member Rating: 3.9
Does that sound like "intact tissue," or more like "intact fossilized tissue?" There is a distinction there.....
And I wonder where/if the formal paper on "dakota" was published?
Member (Idle past 1941 days)
Posts: 652
From: Puyallup, WA.
Here is the paper link: Proceedings of the Royal Society (October 2009, Vol. 276 no. 1672)
Hopefully Mazzy will see this and perhaps read it?
Posts: 4104
From: Phoenix
Member Rating: 3.5
Oh Mazzy, Mazzy. You really screwed up this time.
You read the article on your dear Creationist site and it said just what you wanted to hear, didn't it!
You did not bother to follow or read the original works this intentionally misleading lying creationist screed was supposed to be reporting, did you.
Well since your own cited source was indeed an outright misrepresentation of the facts then Pressie told the truth in his message, didn't he.
Maybe in polite social circles over cheese and a fine wine telling an unpleasent truth may be considered "rude" but not in a science forum on EVC.
Deceiving by outright lying. And then you go and give a glaring example of precisely his point.
Well done, Mazzy!
As for the horns part, well I don't know Pressie that well but if done right horns can be very fashionable.
Edited by AZPaul3, : fix link
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We've always found Lenovo's ThinkPads to be solid business laptops and this morning the 15.4-inch T60 got a slight makeover. As of today, the 5-pound business machine will be available with a widescreen display (previous T60s were available in a standard aspect ratio only). The move makes sense considering HP and Dell have been offering their business models in widescreen for quite some time. Better later than never is what we say. Pricing for the T60 starts at $1,399.
Lenovo Announces ThinkPad T60 Widescreen Notebook [via Laptop Logic]


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Western Australia has produced some of the biggest names in independent music both nationally and internationally, with a reputation for producing great talent across a range of sounds and styles.
Every Saturday afternoon get involved with the local scene and catch interviews and live performances from a range of local musicians releasing their wares around town.
With news about what's happening in the West Australian music industry and a gig guide to keep you informed and let you know where to go to catch your favourite local bands, Homegrown offers up a local music smorgasbord every week. From rock to punk, indie to electronica – if it comes from WA you'll find it on Homegrown.
1st Saturday of the Month
Going Regional – we look at the world of WA music outside of the metro area.
3rd Saturday of the Month
Radioactive – a look at the world of music made by those below the age of 18.


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Wheatley Plush Keychain
Dangerously adorable
- A great gift for someone who needs an evil mentor
- Embroidered details, stuffed with evil
- Will probably lie to you & steal your car
If you've come out of sleep stasis after several years and experienced some cognitive deterioration or perhaps some very minor serious brain damage, you need a friend. It's alarming to think that your brain may be the consistency of jelly and you've forgotten how to speak, but Wheatley is here and he's going to help you find a portal gun and get the heck out of here. Just trust him and everything is going to be a-okay.
Of course, we all know what Wheatley did to Aperture Laboratories. If you hook this Wheatley Plush Keychain to your bag and bring him into your office or laboratory, ThinkGeek is not responsible for the chaos that may ensue. While you may deter him from certain actions by telling him that he'll die if he does them, that's not a guarantee that Wheatley won't rain death and destruction in your high rise and fill it with deadly neurotoxin. Have fun!
Product Specifications
- Portal 2 Wheatley Plush Keychain
- A great gift for someone very dumb but very evil
- Officially licensed Portal 2 collectible
- Plush Wheatley with embroidered details, stuffed with evil
- He'll hold your keys and probably lie to you (don't listen)
- Dimensions: 3" x 3" x 3" (with a bit extra for his handles)


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Manchester City Women Club History
Manchester City Women's Football Club was founded in 1988 by one of City in the Community's original members, Neil Mather.
Back then, the club was known as Manchester City Ladies and was created after a series of successful local tournaments led Mather to suggest holding an event exclusively for female football teams.
The tournament proved a hit and several talented women took part. Mather then made a formal proposal to Manchester City's club secretary, Bernard Halford, to set up a women's team which would be run by CITC.
The idea was approved and a number of advertisements appeared in the programme. Trials were held at Platt Lane, with more than 30 women turning up for the first session and 70 in attendance for the second. Many attendees were life-long City fans and the first squad included several Blues in its ranks.
In January 2014, the club launched the newly-renamed Manchester City Women's Football Club, reflecting the team's values as professional, athletic, skilful and as positive role models.
The club's first competitive game was a friendly against Oldham Athletic Ladies, played at Boundary Park. Transport and kit was provided by Manchester City and the women's side went on to play many more friendlies before they entered into the regional league for the North West.
As the club cemented itself into league football, they began to recruit more experienced players. The Blues went on to participate in tournaments and friendly games that often tied in with the men's fixtures.
As Manchester City aimed to move away from the 1970s and 80s image of football as a male-dominated environment, the women's team became more and more popular. They made an appearance in an episode of World In Action and one of their games was shown on the Saturday morning children's programme, Wide Awake Club.
Twenty-five years later, City Women has kept its affiliation with the men's side and in August 2012, Manchester City announced its commitment to the women's team as part of a systematic rebuilding of the football club and the recognition of the need to formalise the relationship for the benefit of the women and girls' game.
The announcement marked an exciting new era for the women's side, who had been promoted into the Women's National Division – the second highest tier in UK women's football.
It was the club's stated ambition from the outset to achieve entry to the FA Women's Super League and in April 2013, this ambition was realised.
In the winter of the same year, the Blues made their first marquee signing in Jill Scott, before going on to recruit top internationals Karen Bardsley, Toni Duggan and Steph Houghton to their ranks.
Featuring speeches on the club's history, present status and plans for the future, the event also saw the club reveal its dedication to improving women's football in the local community, with a plan to hold a series of coaching programmes for girls in the area delivered by CITC.
In their debut season in the top flight of women's football in England, Nick Cushing's side collected their first ever piece of silverware - the Continental Cup - following a 1-0 victory over Arsenal Ladies in the final.
City also finished the FA WSL season in fifth place.
The following year, the Club made history once more, securing a top-two finish and a place in the Champions League for the first time and in 2016, the Blues clinched a first league title with an unbeaten record.
That achievement was followed the week after with another trophy - the club's second Continental Tyres Cup.
If you would like to contact us at MCWFC, you can email email@example.com, tweet us at @MCWFC or follow us on Facebook.
To find out more about the grassroots coaching sessions, visit www.mcfc.co.uk/community.
Club Honours
Runners up
FA Women's Cup
Continental Cup
2014, 2016
Runners up
WSL Spring Series
Runners up
Contact Us
General enquiries
@ManCity / @ManCityWomen


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Latest News
- First Released
- December 20, 2010
- Platforms
- dsi
- Genre
- Adventure
- Rating
- Rated "E" for Comic Mischief
- Summary
- Prepare to embark on an epic adventure and enter a land where monsters known as bosses once ruled with an iron fist. The local inhabitants have rebelled against the bosses by stealing their food supply. Now the bosses are slowly dying from starvation, and it's up to you to save them. Explore and discover magical items that will aid you on your adventure. Interact with intriguing monsters that desperately need your help to regain their energy. Be warned: The inhabitants may consider your heroic efforts to be a threat and become aggressive if you are caught with food. Do you best to avoid them, but if you need it, you're equipped with a powerful hammer that will temporally knock out the inhabitants. It's time to step up to the challenge and restore order to this chaotic land.


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Only hotels in Imlay City are listed below. Search for cheap and discounted hotel and motel rates in or close to Imlay City, MI for your upcoming personal or group travel. Discover the most popular Imlay City, Michigan hotel and motel rooms. Browse the Imlay City area hotels to find the perfect lodging! Please use the provided map of the Imlay City hotels. Group booking? Search Imlay City Group Hotel Deals
The Imlay City center is around 11 miles east of Lapeer Amtrak Station and 23 miles northeast of Canterbury Village.
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Little Giants Grind Out Win Over Wittby Howard Hewitt • October 6, 2012 Share:
SPRINGFIELD, Oh. – A little muscle and grit made sure Wittenberg didn't rally past the Little Giants here Saturday afternoon. Wabash used an extended, clock-killing drive for a 27-24 NCAC win.
The annual heavyweight showdown came on Witt's homecoming weekend. "We made a ton of mistakes today," Coach Erik Raeburn said.. "But you don't schedule Bash for homecoming."
The Tigers stole second half momentum several times and seemingly were poised to do it again when Jimmy Dehnke scored from 6 yards, 27-24, with just over nine minutes to play. But Wabash responded with one of the more memorable drives in recent years.
The Little Giants took over with 9:32 remaining. The line provided holes just big enough for 17 plays covering 48 yards. The final play of the drive was kneel down.
"It's pretty simple. Wabash always fights," said running Tyler Holmes who ran the ball 12 of the 17 plays. "That's what it took on the last drive. Coming into it, I knew it was going to be all run and if we got it, we'd win. I was going to do what I could and I knew the line would do what it did all game."
And the line opened holes big enough to chew up the clock and secure the win. "We ran two plays - inside zone to the left and outside zone to the right," left guard Mark Riffle said. We just kept hammering and hammering. They were tired and we were in shape. That's what we do at practice, constant reps. Their guys were huffing and puffing."
The win put Wabash right back in the middle of the NCAC conference race. Allegheny and Ohio Wesleyan are unbeaten in league play while both Wabash and Wittenberg have one loss. The win was significant for Coach Erik Raeburn, not just the second straight over Witt but the 100th of his career.
"It's hard to get a win here so it doesn't matter what number it is," Raeburn said. "It feels good. I'm proud of our guys and how hard they played."
The Little Giants got off to a dominating start with a touchdown from defensive end Charlie Kolisek, who lined up as a tight end. Holmes added two-yard score before Witt found the first half scoreboard with a field goal, 13-3.
One of the game's big moments was the opening kickoff of the second half when the Little Giants forced a fumble. The Wabash offense wasted no time putting seven more on the board behind a Chase Belton four-yard run. Belton had an efficient day passing hitting on 12 of 17 for 218 yards.
But Witt, as these two teams always do, just wouldn't go away. Dehnke picked up touchdown runs of nine and two yards to pull the Tigers to 20-17.
That set up Wabash for its first big gutsy response. After a swap of possessions, the Little Giants covered 86 yards in eight plays with a key component Andrew Gibson's 30-yard catch. CP Porter ran it in it to push the margin back to ten points, 27-17.
The defense held Witt but on the following punt Wabash was assessed its third personal foul of the game. The mental breakdown was followed by a fumble on the first play of scrimmage handing the ball right back to Witt.
Dehnke then ran on five of the six following plays, including a six yard score, 27-24. That set up the impressive run by Wabash to finish the game. The freshman back ran 24 times for 11 yards and three scores.
Raeburn was not happy with the mistakes and mental breakdowns but was beaming over the way his offense performed, particularly on the final drive.
"It wasn't perfect by any stretch," the coach said. "We made a ton of stupid mistakes and kept giving them chances but I'm really happy with our team's overall effort.
"On that last drive, we sustained the blocks a little longer. We were close in first half of popping a couple of runs and their defensive linemen and linebackers were doing a good job of getting off the blocks. Particularly in the fourth quarter, we finished our blocks a little better."
The Little Giants ran the ball 52 times for 169 yards. Holmes led all ball carriers with 20 carries for 76 yards. Porter had 14 carries for 47.
The 169 yards was key against a defense Raeburn praised as tough and physical.
"The line is starting to feel comfortable at each position and as a unit we're picking up each other's tendencies," Riffle said. "We're communicating better. We've been putting in the time in film and it shows."
Cody Buresh led the defense with 10 tackle. Nate Scola added nine stops and A. J. Akinribade had 8 tackles.
"Witt was running quarterback read a lot," Buresh said. "Our defensive linemen were getting washed down. We figured it out and made adjustments. The hard hat defense and had to go to work."
Wabash travels to Washington University next weekend.
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- Big Bash 2019 Comes to a Close
- Wabash Launches Intercollegiate Volleyball Program
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Wabash 27, Wittenberg 24


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Why See Ella Mai?
The London Songstress Tearing Up US Charts
Proving that televised talent competitions like X-Factor aren't the final bastion of pop music gatekeeping, feisty London-based singer songwriter Ella Mai may not have advanced beyond the TV show's 2016 season initial auditions, but she stuck to her guns and released a solo EP on Soundcloud independently that same year. Her determination paid off and she signed with American producer DJ Mustard, breaking into the mainstream with Billboard Hot 100 Top Five track 'Boo'd Up' in early 2018.
With influences like Mariah Carey, Alicia Keys, Destiny's Child and Lauryn Hill, Mai captures the soulful balladry and lovelorn anthems of classic 90s R&B, updating it with her own unique urban style. Having already supported the likes of Kehlani on tour, as well as collaborated with Ty Dollar Sign, the fledgeling songstress is hitting US shores on her first American headline tour, a sign of exciting things to come.
Additional Information
Performance date: 12 February 2019
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Saxon Switzerland
The area from Pirna, 18km east of Dresden, to the Czech border is commonly known as Saxon Switzerland (Sächsische Schweiz), but that was always a conceit of the Romantics. This is classic Middle Europe – 275 square kilometres of rolling fields through which the Elbe River carves a broad steep valley, much of it protected as a national park (nationalpark-saechsische-schweiz.de). What comes closer to the nub of some of the most distinctive scenery in Germany is the area's second title, Elbsandsteingebirge (Elbe Sandstone Mountains): table-topped outcrops rise suddenly above the fields like miniature mesas, their summits sculpted over the aeons into fantastical pinnacles.
With a maze of gorges to explore and iron ladders that ascend sheer faces, this is superb hiking country, notably on the long-distance Malerweg (Painters' Way) track if you have a week to spare. Indeed, the story goes that the area's name stuck after eighteenth-century Swiss artists Adrian Zingg and Anton Graff wrote postcards home from a walking holiday saying, "Greetings from Saxon Switzerland". Later hikers included Caspar David Friedrich, who added the picture to the postcard with works such as Rambler Above a Sea of Fog. Rock climbing is also excellent. At a push you could tick off the main sights on a long, rushed day-trip from Dresden – the Bastei area, then a brisk walk that skirts around the Lilienstein outcrop to Königstein, for example. However, these are landscapes to savour and which are at their best away from the premier sights; set aside a couple of days at least.
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Understanding the mechanisms of lateral gene transfer (LGT) between bacteria is crucial to our understanding of microbial evolution. It is also important for human health as LGT facilitates the emergence and spread of bacterial virulence and antibiotic resistance. The three 'classical' mechanisms of LGT; transformation (in which naked DNA is taken up from the environment), transduction (by which bacteriophage facilitate gene transfer by packaging host DNA as well as their own) and conjugation (when plasmids encode a pilus by which they can be transferred from cell to cell) have been important in the emergence of molecular biology. Three other mechanisms by which DNA can be transferred between bacteria have come to light, potentially broadening our understanding of the importance of LGT in the microbial biosphere.
Gene Transfer Agents (GTAs)
GTAs are virus-like particles that carry random pieces of the producing cell's genome. The best characterised GTA was discovered in 1974 from the purple, non-sulphur photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus, a member of the alpha-proteobacteria. The R. capsulatus GTA (RcGTA) packages 4.5kb of DNA, but is encoded by a 14.1kb cluster of 15 genes on the R. capsulatus chromosome. Many of these genes have homology with bacteriophage structural genes. It is unclear how RcGTA particles are released from the cell, as no recognisable lysis genes have been identified. Transcription of the RcGTA gene cluster has been shown to be under the control of a sensor kinase/response regulatory system that transduces environmental signals. RcGTA-like gene clusters are widespread throughout the alpha-proteobacteria and phlogenetic trees based on RcGTA-like sequence recapitulate phylogenies based on 16s rRNA sequences suggesting that the RcGTA ancestor arose early in the evolution of the alpha-proteobacteria lineage.
Other GTAs (with probable independent origins) have been identified in a diverse range of prokarya including the archaebacterium Methanococcus voltae, the delta-proteobacterium Desulfovibrio desulfuricans and the spirochete Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. None of them packages more than 14kb of DNA, and all of them take the form of small bacteriophage. It appears most likely that GTAs have been derived from bacteriophage that have lost their ability to self-propagate. Recent data suggests that alpha-proteobacterial GTAs are common in marine environments, and transfer genes at high frequency between diverse classes of alpha-proteobacteria. These 'generalised transducing machines', under the control of bacterial populations quorum sensing systems, are probably a major force in microbial evolution and ecology.
DNA transfer by membrane vesicle.
Membrane vesicles (MVs), from gram –ve bacteria can traffic toxins, signals and other proteins between bacteria. They have also been shown to be able to mediate the transfer of DNA between cells. E.coli 0157:H7 MVs were found to contain linear DNA, circular plasmids and rosette-like DNA structures, that included genes from chromosomal DNA as well as plasmid and phage. The MVs were capable of transforming related enteric bacteria and increasing their cytotoxicity. DNA transfer by membrane vesicles could be a more widespread phenomenon than is currently appreciated, however as yet it is more commonly reported as an aside from other MV studies.
Intercellular nanotubes.
A year ago Dubey and Ben-Yehuda showed the existence of tubular conduits forming between Bacillus subtilis cells. These nanotubes were shown to be able to mediate the exchange of proteins and non-conjugative plasmids. Nanotubes were also formed between B. subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus (both gram +ve) and a thinner variety were formed between either of the gram +ve species, and gram –ve E.coli. The authors suggest that the formation of 'syncytium-like synergistic consortia' mediated by nanotube connections underlies many of the traits displayed by biofilms.
These three phenomena have a tantalising savour, suggesting the depths of our ignorance of the complexity of microbial ecosystems and prokaryotic evolution. However, I imagine that progress in these fields will accelerate. The explosion of microbial and environmental sequencing will be useful in identifying the prevalence of GTAs. Understanding all six modes of LGT will be crucial to our appreciation of the ecology of natural microbial communities and of bacterial evolution, as well as having important application for human health.
See also: A novel gene transfer agent from Bartonella
Stanton, T. (2007). Prophage-like gene transfer agents—Novel mechanisms of gene exchange for Methanococcus, Desulfovibrio, Brachyspira, and Rhodobacter species Anaerobe, 13 (2), 43-49 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2007.03.004
Lang, A., & Beatty, J. (2007). Importance of widespread gene transfer agent genes in α-proteobacteria Trends in Microbiology, 15 (2), 54-62 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2006.12.001
McDaniel, L., Young, E., Delaney, J., Ruhnau, F., Ritchie, K., & Paul, J. (2010). High Frequency of Horizontal Gene Transfer in the Oceans Science, 330 (6000), 50-50 DOI: 10.1126/science.1192243
Yaron, S., Kolling, G., Simon, L., & Matthews, K. (2000). Vesicle-Mediated Transfer of Virulence Genes from Escherichia coli O157:H7 to Other Enteric Bacteria Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 66 (10), 4414-4420 DOI: 10.1128/AEM.66.10.4414-4420.2000
Dubey, G., & Ben-Yehuda, S. (2011). Intercellular Nanotubes Mediate Bacterial Communication Cell, 144 (4), 590-600 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.01.015


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RANCHO CUCAMONGA — Residents from the nearby Terra Vista neighborhood raised concerns over a Walmart Supercenter project proposed not far from their homes and apartments.
The residents spoke during a public meeting for the project held during Wednesday night's Planning Commission meeting. Their testimony was taken into record and will be included in a future environmental impact report.
Walmart proposes to build a 189,000-square-foot supercenter, which would also sell groceries, have an outdoor garden center and a drive-through pharmacy. The store would be on a 29-acre site on the northeast corner of Foothill Boulevard and Mayten Avenue.
Issues raised included increased 24-hour-a-day traffic, noise, the lack of certain benefits for Walmart employees, and the potential to draw business from other stores and shops in the area, leading to what some have termed "urban decay."
"Basically, how big Walmart is, is it takes away the independent business owners' business," said Mark Pine, who lives near the site.
"We'll have a lot of vacant lots in the area. It brings congestion, traffic, the noise and there's already a Walmart less than a mile away. I don't know why they would be building a supercenter here when they could build where they're at right now or keep it the way it is."
Lilliana Ray, who also lives nearby, said she's concerned about business impacts and health concerns from trucks and 24-hour traffic that would be travelling in and out of the center.
"The business impact that I'm concerned about is when big Walmarts come in, all the little stores go out, I do believe they may be struggling, but we still have people shopping in this area. I consider that a blessing because I don't see the stores that are all empty.
"If this big Walmart were to come in, we would end up with all these stores empty, which would bring in crime, which would bring in looting. The whole atmosphere of Rancho Cucamonga would go down."
An existing Walmart on Foothill Boulevard, east of the 15 Freeway, is anticipated to close when the new supercenter opens.
"The existing Rancho Cucamonga Walmart store has been servicing the community for more than 20 years," said Rachel Wall, Walmart spokeswoman.
"The store opened in 1993. In our efforts to better serve our customers, we're planning to relocate the store to another convenient location that would be a full-service one stop shopping store, with a full service grocery department store — an area Walmart customers have come to expect."
Wall said the existing building is owned by the company and Walmart's realty division would be aggressively looking for tenants to fill the space when it should become vacated.
"The new location is fairly close to the previous location, so we have been coexisting alongside many other small- and medium-sized businesses in Rancho Cucamonga for the last two decades," Wall said.
"Typically what we see when we open a new store or relocate an existing store, there are new opportunities for businesses located close by to benefit from the additional foot traffic."
The project would be a key part of the existing Terra Vista Promenade commercial center, which already includes a Home Depot and Spaghetti Factory. City leaders said the new store would help serve existing and new residents to Rancho Cucamonga and would also be a source of new jobs.
Walmart would operate the store 24 hours a day and would receive about 87 truck deliveries each week. The site proposal includes two vehicle entrances on Foothill Boulevard, and another access on Mayten Avenue. Half of the truck deliveries, Wall said, are anticipated to be from small, two-axle trucks associated with Walmart vendors.
In order to reduce the effect of traffic and lighting, Wall said Walmart has options to implement special features such as non-spill lighting to prevent light pollution into neighborhoods and below-grade delivery areas to capture noise.
"Through the planning and the (environmental report) process, anticipated traffic patterns will be studied and evaluated," Wall said. "Of course there will be public meetings as part of the impact and mitigation measure can and will be suggested."
A firm is conducting an economic impact study to analyze potential urban blight issues and an economic impact report will be included with a final environmental impact report to be released later this year.


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Researchers from the University of Washington recently argued, based on an analysis of existing studies, that megachurch worship creates a spiritual "high" that draws participants back again and again. Interviews with 470 attendees at 12 churches revealed a common sense of euphoria; lights, video cameras, and projectors contributed to the experience.
"Worship services are addicting because worshipers believe they are experiencing God. They don't have a problem saying God is like a drug. They want and need to regularly experience God, and the megachurch worship service is a primary means by which they do so."
Katie Corcoran, sociology Ph.D. student, University of Washington
"Being stirred up or 'high' are words that mean getting involved. The intention of a worship service is to focus people's attention on religious matters and to get them stirred up to be concerned about things. Churches that never stir anyone up don't last long."
Rodney Stark, co-director, Baylor Institute for Studies of Religion
"It can be. It is dangerous to engineer a certain kind of experience—to equate true spirituality with exuberance, but not contemplation. But similar temptations can affect any type of church, and some megachurches are working to resist this kind of narcissism."
John Witvliet, director, Calvin Institute of Christian Worship
"Ecstatic worship can be positive, nurturing the emotive side of God's relationship with us. But when ecstasy begins to dictate theology, or suggest normative behaviors, we risk falling off the plateaus of orthodoxy and orthopraxy."
James Hart, president, Robert E. Webber Institute for Worship Studies
"It can be attractive. ...1


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A voter-approved marijuana legalization amendment in Colorado was declared part of the state constitution Monday by Gov. John Hickenlooper.
Hickenlooper's declaration, a procedural step, means that marijuana is effectively legal for recreational use in Colorado. The drug became legal in Washington state last week.
Hickenlooper tweeted his declaration and announced it to reporters by email. The Democratic governor said voters were "loud on clear" when they voted last month to make pot legal without a doctor's recommendation. Adults over 21 may now possess up to an ounce of marijuana, or six plants.
Colorado and Washington officials both have asked the U.S. Department of Justice for guidance on the laws that conflict with federal drug law. Neither state will allow commercial sales for a year or more.


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While in Cheyenne Wyoming, we were right at the front end of the Cheyenne Frontier Days, which is the largest rodeo in the US. These are some of the images I got from the "cheap" seats.
Rodeo 1
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text: Miansai is a Miami-based jewellery label founded in 2008 by designer Michael Saiger. The label has made a splash in the fashion world with its 100 percent USA-made collections, incorporating French Calf and Italian leathers, US Military Grade rope and ribbons, 14-karat gold and rose gold. Look to the latest Miansai bracelets for must-have pieces that will utterly transform your occasionwear wardrobe. Expect heritage-inspired designs, industrial and nautical influences, translating into modern pieces with an opulent feel.


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I generally find going to the hairdressers traumatic – too much chatter, weak coffee and hair I totally didn't want at the end of it. Scary stuff.
So my experience with began well – I planned to visit whilst I was down in London so they sent me a skin allergy test, to see if I turned nasty on with PPD (a chemical in hair dye which turns some people out in terrible rashes):
You apply this to your skin like a tattoo, and wait to see if you have a reaction. I did not, amazingly enough!.
So the main reason I was trying out Karine Jackson's was for the hair dye. As my regular readers will know, I have a sensitive scalp which I am forever trying new remedies for, so I wanted to try something that is gentle but also effective.
My hair before. Ooohhhhh it was so long! So long! So long! So long!
Anyway, when I arrived, my stylist for the day was the adorable Candace, professional, chatty but not annoying. We decided on the colour by holding a chart under my chin which had warm/cool groups, and colours from reds to blacks to gold to..something else I can't remember. The point is that the right kind of colour makes your eyes sparkle, makes your skin glow. The wrong kind of colour (on my case a flat black) made my eye circles look worse, made me look tired. The best shades for me were gold, but since we decided that my goal was to get my hair looking healthy again, two shades were going to be mixed together, one a dark brown, the other with some gold undertones in it.
Ooh yes – the coffee and biscuits were fantastic:
I felt a bit guilty as the other half was waiting outside for me as I was drinking latte and munching away on Viennese biscuits but that soon faded away when I remembered how embarrassing he was on the train down, sleeping gaped mouthed in public.
My hair has natural red tones in it (which I am always trying to fight!) but seriously, its too much work! So the dye was mixed, and applied. Candace told me how Organic Care Systems dye has:
1. No Ammonia
2. Is stink free
3. Is kinder to scalps
4. Normal dye has about 8% PPD, Organic Colour Systems has 0.4%
5. The dye is heat activated
6. The dyes can be a little warmer than others, so this is adjusted by the technician
I found the dye to be completely stink free and it felt very comfortable on my scalp. I didn't have any stinging or pain…it just felt really comfortable and easy to have on my head.
After my colour was rinsed out, Candace set on with the cut. Now – my hair was very very very long, so it was full of split ends. My hairdresser at home was pretty insistent about me keeping my length although it annoyed me how after a cut I was still surrounded with split ends – over drying, over drying meant my hair was spilt end city. So we decided – a good 6 inches to get rid of the tatty ends. Then a general neaten all the way around to get things looking glossy.
The result:
It feels a lot shorter to me, but it is still long. Without a doubt it looks a million times healthier and shiny for once. I am struggling to find a split end on my hair, whereas before it was my hobby at work.
I am also glad I did the dark colour in a professional salon. My previous experience with going dark made me look like Elvira, mistress of the dark and the second experience faded within a week. This Organic Care colour is still rocking, looking strong, flattering and shiny. are recommended to preserve the colour and I have reviewed their Aqua Boost shampoo before here.
I saw my Mama and Aunt earlier, ever brutal, and they said it made me look "younger", "much better" and "less tatty" (the b*tches!).
I would highly recommend's salon and the Organic Colour System dyes – so much kinder to the scalp than others I have tried and also my stylist, Candace.
Salon Info: 24 Litchfield Street, London, WC2H 9NU, Tel: 020 7836 0300, or for more information email: [email protected]