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Statement of Martin Gerry
Deputy Commissioner for Disability and Income Security Programs
Testimony before the House Committee on Ways and Means
Subcommittee on Social Security
March 2, 2006
Mr. Chairman and Members of the Subcommittee:
Thank you for inviting me today to discuss the Social Security Administration's (SSA) management of the assignment of Social Security Numbers (SSN) and the payment of benefits to foreign-born individuals. I will also discuss the criteria for considering countries for new totalization agreements and initiatives to assure the integrity of other countries' data in foreign claims, including totalization claims.
Before I begin, Mr. Chairman, I want to thank you and the members of the Subcommittee for holding this series of hearings examining SSN high-risk issues. These hearings have helped shine a light on issues of document fraud, identity theft, the earnings suspense file, and fraudulently obtained or misused SSNs. As you know, we have made many improvements in the SSN issuance process to reduce the risk of fraud and misuse. We know that we can and must continually improve the administration of the program in order to assure the integrity of the Social Security programs and to maintain public confidence in the system.
Legends on the SSN Cards
Let me begin by discussing the relationship between the Social Security card and work authorization. The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (IRCA) makes it illegal for an employer to knowingly hire anyone not legally permitted to work in the United States. Under IRCA, all employers are required to verify the identity and employment eligibility of all new employees regardless of citizenship or national origin.
There are a number of documents specified in the law and in Department of Homeland Security (DHS) regulations which may be used for this purpose. Some documents, such as a U. S. passport, establish both employment eligibility and identity. Others, including a Social Security card without a restrictive legend, can be used to establish employment eligibility, but do not establish identity and must be accompanied by an identification document, such as a State driver's license.
It is important to note that, just as the Social Security number or card does not establish identity, neither does it always reflect an individual's current work authorization status. The SSN card only reflects an individuals' work authorization status at the time the card was issued—it is a snapshot in time. An individual's work authorization status may change and the DHS has sole jurisdiction over work authorization determinations for noncitizens.
Regular Cards—Valid for Work
The vast majority of original Social Security cards are issued to United States citizens, or to permanent resident non-citizens who are authorized to work in the United States. These cards show only the name and SSN of the individual.
Unlike the cards issued to U.S. citizens, or to non-citizens who have permanent work authorization, cards issued to non-citizens who are not authorized to work or who are only temporarily authorized to work bear one of two legends describing work authorization status at the time the card was issued.
"Not Valid for Employment"
Initially, SSA issued the same type of Social Security card to everyone, whether or not the individuals were authorized to work. In 1974, SSA began assigning SSNs for non-work purposes, but the cards were not specifically annotated. Beginning in May 1982, SSA started issuing cards printed with the legend "Not Valid for Employment" to non-citizens not authorized to work. This was due to the increasing need for individuals to have SSNs for nonwork purposes (e.g., needed to receive payment of a benefit) and concerns that such individuals might use the SSN for unauthorized work. With this restrictive legend appearing on a card, employers were able, for the first time, to determine whether the individual to whom the card was issued was authorized to work. Of course, an employer could not rely solely on the Social Security card to establish that the person presenting the card was the person to whom the SSN was assigned.
Cards containing this legend are often referred to as "nonwork SSNs." In October 2003, SSA significantly tightened the rules for issuing nonwork SSNs. SSA only issues such an SSN when 1) a Federal statute or regulation requires an SSN to receive a particular benefit or service, to which an alien has otherwise established entitlement; or 2) a State or local law requires an SSN to get public assistance benefits, to which the legal alien without work authorization has otherwise established entitlement and for which all other requirements have been met.
"Valid for Work Only with DHS Authorization"
Beginning in September 1992, SSA began issuing cards with the legend "Valid for Work Only with INS Authorization" to noncitizens lawfully in the United States with temporary authorization to work. This legend has been changed to "Valid for Work Only with DHS Authorization" to reflect the change from "INS" (the Immigration and Naturalization Service) to "DHS". In these cases, employers must examine other acceptable documentation for the employment eligibility verification process (Form I-9), which normally would be the non-citizen's DHS documentation.
In Fiscal Year (FY) 2005, SSA issued approximately 5.4 million original cards. Of these, 4.3 million were issued to U. S. citizens. Approximately 1.1 million cards were issued to non-citizens with temporary or permanent work authorization and fewer than 15,000 cards were issued to aliens not allowed to work.
Totalization Agreements More about these
I would like to turn now to a discussion of totalization agreements. These agreements protect the benefits of workers who pay into the social security systems of two countries but do not earn sufficient credits to receive full benefits from one or both countries. Workers may become eligible for pro-rated benefits based on their combined periods of coverage from both countries. U. S. totalization agreements include Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance (OASDI) programs.
Totalization agreements have three main purposes. First, they eliminate dual Social Security taxation, which is the situation that results when a worker from one country works in another country and is required to pay Social Security taxes to both countries on the same earnings. Second, they help fill gaps in benefit protection for workers who have divided their careers between the United States and another country. Third, they remove restrictions that either country imposes on benefit payments to residents of the other country.
In addition to Social Security taxes, foreign workers are exempted from Medicare contributions and U.S. workers can be exempted from health insurance and other taxes related to employment imposed by a foreign country in which they temporarily work. Individuals from a foreign country who are hired in the United States or are sent to the United States for more than a temporary period continue to pay U.S. Social Security and Medicare taxes on their remuneration for services performed in the United States.
The United States has totalization agreements with 21 countries, including Australia, Canada, Chile, Japan, South Korea and most Western European countries.
The Process
Before SSA can begin to develop an agreement with another country, we meet with the Departments of State and Commerce to discuss countries that have raised interest in entering into totalization agreements with the United States. The issues discussed at these meetings include: the advantages proposed agreements could have to U.S. citizens, residents and businesses; benefits to U.S. foreign policy; and program and administrative costs of the agreements. Following these discussions, the Department of State provides SSA with a list, in priority order, of countries with whom we might begin discussions and/or negotiations.
SSA then looks at the accuracy and reliability of each country's vital statistics records (such as birth, death, and marriage certificates), which will be submitted in connection with claims for benefits under totalization agreements.
After a totalization agreement is negotiated, SSA's General Counsel reviews the proposed agreement to ensure that it is fully consistent with U.S. law. The State Department also reviews the proposed agreement to ensure that it conforms to U.S. policy priorities and treaty protocols and that any translation of the agreement is the same in both languages. If the agreement is cleared by the State Department, it is then formally signed by representatives of the two governments.
After the agreement has been signed, SSA forwards a transmittal package for the agreement to the Secretary of State. Once the Secretary of State reviews the agreement, the Secretary will determine whether to recommend it. If so, the agreement is sent to the President for consideration. If the President approves the agreement, it is transmitted to Congress. Congress has 60 session days to review the agreement. When this process is complete and the partner country has completed its necessary clearances, notes are exchanged between the two governments indicating their readiness and legal ability to fully implement the agreement.
Typically, the agreements take effect three to four months following the exchange of notes; in practice most agreements have become effective about 12 months following submission to Congress. Congress has never voted to disapprove a totalization agreement.
Common Misconceptions of Totalization
I'd like to discuss some misconceptions about the impact of totalization agreements. Many people believe that these agreements change existing immigration policy. The truth is that totalization agreements do not deal with immigration laws. The President's authority to enter into these agreements has nothing to do with immigration policy. The Social Security Act authorizes totalization agreements to change U.S. law in only three specific ways: first, to eliminate dual Social Security coverage and taxation; second, to allow totalization of U.S. and foreign work credits so that workers with insufficient credits can become eligible for prorated benefits, and third, to remove restrictions on benefit portability. All other agreement provisions must be consistent with title II of the Social Security Act.
Another common misconception is that totalization agreements allow SSA to pay Social Security benefits to undocumented or illegal aliens. In reality, totalization agreements cannot change U.S. law except for the three narrow areas I have already mentioned and, as a result, have no effect on the prohibition against payment of benefits to illegal aliens.
Finally, some people believe that totalization agreements allow non-citizens who work in the United States for a very short time to receive full American Social Security benefits. Let me emphasize that benefits paid under a totalization agreement are pro-rated. The agreements provide that the United States will pay pro-rated U.S. Social Security benefits to those workers who: (1) have at least 6 quarters of coverage with the U.S. system, but not enough to qualify for benefits; (2) the combined work record in the United States and a partner country enable the worker to meet minimum U.S. coverage requirements; and (3) meet all other factors of entitlement. Benefits paid under totalization agreements are NOT full benefits.
Benefits Paid to Foreign-Born Individuals
Now I would like to turn our focus to the other topic of this hearing, benefits paid to foreign-born individuals. As you know, current law explicitly prohibits the payment of benefits to individuals not lawfully present in the United States. Totalization agreements do not affect this provision.
A noncitizen who is outside the United States could be paid benefits only if he meets the applicable statutory requirements.
Impact of the Social Security Protection Act of 2004 (SSPA)
A person covered by the SSPA may only become entitled to Social Security benefits if the worker on whose record the entitlement is based is a U.S. citizen or a non-citizen who was authorized to work in the United States when the worker was issued a Social Security number, or any time thereafter. (This change became effective with regard to workers who were issued an SSN on or after January 1, 2004.) Consequently, a non-citizen worker must meet this requirement to become eligible for benefits, or for the worker's family members to become eligible for benefits as dependents or survivors of the worker. Totalization agreements do not change this requirement.
Nonpayment Provisions
In general, the alien nonpayment provision (section 202(t) of the Act) provides for nonpayment of benefits to aliens who are absent from the United States for more than 6 consecutive calendar months, unless they meet one of several exceptions in the law that permit payment to continue. The primary exception is that the alien beneficiary is a citizen of a country which has a social insurance system of general application and which pays benefits to U.S. citizens while they are outside that country.
Benefits that have been stopped because the beneficiary is outside the United States will resume when the beneficiary has returned to the United States and has remained here in lawful presence status for one full calendar month and will continue until the beneficiary is absent from the United States for longer than 6 consecutive calendar months.
In addition, in many cases, aliens entitled to dependents' or survivors' benefits must also meet a U.S. residence requirement to be paid outside the United States. The dependent or survivor beneficiary must have resided in the United States for 5 years, during which time the family relationship on which benefits are based must have existed. This 5-year residence requirement can be removed for dependents or survivors who are citizens or residents of a country with whom the United States has a totalization agreement.
Other Events That Result in Nonpayment of Benefits to Noncitizens
The Social Security Act prohibits the payment of Social Security benefits to alien workers (and their dependents or survivors, in certain cases) who are removed from the United States under specific provisions of the Immigration and Nationality Act.
The Treasury Department prohibits unauthorized payments of any kind to Cuban nationals residing outside the United States, and prohibits the sending of U.S. Treasury checks to Cuba and North Korea. When a beneficiary who is a U.S. citizen or national leaves one of these countries, benefits may be resumed, depending on the destination country, and the accrued benefits are paid. Accrued benefits are not paid to non-citizens.
Exclusions from Coverage Under Social Security
Over the years, Congress has enacted legislation regarding the coverage status of work performed by non-citizens. In some cases the work is covered by Social Security, and in others it is not covered. For example, temporary agricultural workers admitted to the United States with an H-2A visa are not covered and do not pay FICA taxes. Other examples of excluded work include services performed by academic students (F-1 visas), exchange visitors (J-1 visas), vocational or non-academic students (M-1 visas), and international cultural exchange visitors (Q-1 visas).
However, certain individuals, such as temporary visitors for business (B-1 visas) in very limited situations involving certain personal servants or airline crew members and family members of foreign government officials (A-1 and A-2 visas) may have their work covered under Social Security if they have been issued an "Employment Authorization Document" by the Department of Homeland Security.
The provisions affecting the coverage status of different groups of noncitizens were enacted at various times over the past several decades. In most cases, the legislative history does not explain why Congress chose to cover, or not cover, a specific group under Social Security. Presumably, certain groups were not covered under Social Security because they are only temporarily in the United States, and there is no expectation that they would become insured and collect benefits. However, there has not always been consistency in the application of this practice. For example, while individuals admitted with an H2A visa to perform temporary or seasonal agricultural employment are not covered under Social Security (as noted above), individuals admitted with an H2B visa to perform skilled or non-skilled non-agricultural employment which is temporary or seasonal are covered by Social Security.
Oversight of Payments to Foreign Beneficiaries
Before I describe our oversight of payments to foreign beneficiaries, Mr. Chairman, I would like to acknowledge the work of the Government Accountability Office (GAO) in this area. As you are aware, in February 2005 GAO issued a report that reviewed SSA's policies and procedures to verify information from foreign countries. We agree with GAO's findings and will continue to consider their suggestions for improvement as we work to strengthen program integrity abroad.
Our commitment to making timely benefit payments in the correct amount encompasses beneficiaries in foreign countries, including those receiving totalized benefits. We conduct a very extensive and thorough integrity program abroad. This program includes a number of activities which, when viewed collectively, constitute a comprehensive effort to assess potential risks posed by inaccurate or unreliable foreign data, and to identify and prevent fraud.
Our foreign enforcement program requires beneficiaries living abroad (or their representative payees) to periodically complete a questionnaire. If SSA does not receive a properly signed and completed questionnaire, benefits are suspended until identity is verified.
Our validation surveys are an effective method of monitoring program integrity. We have been conducting these surveys for over 30 years to identify irregularities in the foreign program and to initiate corrective action as necessary. When SSA examiners conduct validation surveys, they personally contact a sample of beneficiaries and representative payees in the survey area to verify their existence, identity, and continuing eligibility for benefits.
SSA periodically conducts validation surveys in the foreign agencies that are responsible for maintaining vital statistics records to determine the validity of foreign evidence used to establish age, marital status, relationships, and the like.
We also operate "aged beneficiary" contact programs. We personally contact each beneficiary residing abroad when they reach age 97, and again at age 100. These contacts allow us to verify that the beneficiary is still alive and assess the need for a representative payee.
In addition to the initiatives I've already discussed, SSA reviews foreign claims and enumeration-related inputs to ensure that proper documentation was submitted. Regional Federal Benefit Officers initiate integrity studies as a means to identify fraud and misuse. Some of these reviews involve looking at claims-related actions, others involve personal contacts. Finally, we conduct onsite management reviews at Foreign Service Posts to ensure that foreign operations are efficient, economical, and provide for effective program integrity.
Integrity of Foreign Data in Totalization Agreements
As you see, Mr. Chairman, SSA has a number of initiatives to oversee payments to foreign beneficiaries and assure the integrity of payments made to individuals residing outside the United States. These procedures apply equally to all foreign beneficiaries, whether they are receiving a regular Social Security benefit or a totalized benefit.
SSA's procedures for assessing the accuracy and reliability of foreign data, such as medical evidence and birth, death and marriage certificates, are the same for claims with totalized benefits and regular, non-totalization claims. While totalization agreements increase the number of benefit claims that are filed and, therefore, the amount of evidence that must be evaluated, they do not introduce new elements of risk in connection with the evaluation of evidence.
Under some totalization agreements, SSA and the other country's agency have agreed to use each other's verification of certain eligibility factors, such as a claimant's date of birth. However, this is done only in cases where years of pre-agreement experience and an examination of the other country's system of records during implementation meetings has indicated that evidence from that particular country is accurate and reliable. This policy eliminates the duplication of effort that would result if the agencies of both countries were required to verify the same information.
However, each agreement includes a provision that makes clear that SSA remains the final judge of the probative value of any evidence it receives from any source. SSA is, therefore, able to verify the accuracy of the other country's certification by obtaining original or certified copies of documents and by contacting the claimant directly.
In addition, SSA conducts validation surveys when we become concerned that document fraud may be becoming a problem in a country. Each year we select three countries from a rotating list to conduct "identity and existence" surveys. We train the foreign-service nationals to be vigilant for fraud when examining documents and instruct them to check primary and secondary sources to verify the accuracy of documents.
SSA has recently developed a standardized set of protocols that integrate and formalize the various initiatives we have already undertaken for verifying foreign countries' data. These protocols will be used when negotiating future totalization agreements.
We will continue to explore ways to improve existing processes for verifying beneficiaries' initial and continuing eligibility for benefits, and we appreciate GAO's input in this area.
SSA is committed to administering all of its programs – whether they involve benefit payments to U.S citizens or to noncitizens, or the assignment of Social Security numbers – accurately and efficiently. We value your input as we look at ways to keep our programs strong and make them better.
I again want to thank you Chairman McCrery and members of the Subcommittee for inviting me here today. I look forward to working with you to continue to improve SSA's processes.
I will be happy to answer any questions you might have.


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To fulfill its mission, and in accordance with the program and organizational principles of operation, the Epilepsy Foundation of Vermont has identified long-term program and organizational/administrative goals.
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Yesterday on CBS' Face The Nation, Mississippi Governor Haley Barbour applauded conservative Alaska Senate candidate Joe Miller for opposing federal aid to his own state.
On what grounds? Because slashing state budgets in the middle of a recession is no big deal.
Gov. Barbour said: "As far as talking about less money [from Washington], look, my budget this year in Mississippi is 13% less than it was two years ago. I cut spending 9.7% last year. Frankly, nobody much noticed the difference. People weren't kicked off Medicaid."
Funny story: On the same day, Gov. Barbour said no one was kicked off Medicaid, the Mississippi's Clarion-Ledger headlined: "Medicaid winnows out some children."
Not all children of course. Just some with Down syndrome:
Medicaid officials have begun to remove children with Down syndrome from the state rolls, leaving parents to find ways to pay for expensive physical, speech and occupational therapy.
Some parents say their children had been in Medicaid's Disabled Child Living at Home program almost since birth before being removed.
Mississippi's Disabled Child program, which has no income-eligibility requirement, rose from 939 in January 2007 to 1,251 in December. It was at 1,176 in July.
The decline comes at a time when Medicaid officials are scrambling to save money, facing an estimated $34 million shortfall.
Perhaps what Gov. Barbour meant was not that nobody is being kicked off, but that nobody is being told they've been kicked off:
Rosemary Moody of Philadelphia said her son, Andrew, first qualified for the Disabled Child program when he was 3 months old. Now he's 10.
She said she didn't know her son had been removed from the rolls until she went to get him new glasses. He has crossed eyes, and one eye shakes, she said. "I never received a letter saying he was kicked off," she said.
She has talked with Medicaid officials, who have told her a psychologist must examine her son and do an IQ test.
She said she can't afford the bill for the psychologist, much less more doctors, because her son has a history of pneumonia and dental issues.
State Medicaid officials haven't announced a new policy. They simply claimed to the investigating journalists they are rigorously applying the old one.
So the Governor can try to claim no one is being kicked off of Medicaid in order to save money, when that's exactly what is happening.
The entire notion of Gov. Barbour's that "nobody much noticed the difference" after his huge spending cuts in a state where 1 out of every 5 residents lives below the poverty line — the highest poverty rate in the country — is ridiculous on its face.
Mississippi's cuts have already slashed mental health services, deprived funding for schools in low-income communities and eliminated jobs. And Barbour thinks "nobody much noticed"?
This is the only way that conservatives can justify attacking efforts to stimulate the economy, and maintain essential government services during a protracted recession — by pretending government dollars are meaningless and wasteful.
At minimum, there are plenty of Mississippi children with Down syndrome who disagree.


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Louisiana property owners who sustained damage from Hurricane Isaac-related flooding have until Monday to file claims for their losses.
Louisiana property owners who sustained damage from Hurricane Isaac-related flooding have until Monday to file claims for their losses.
Because of widespread destruction caused by the storm, the National Flood Insurance Program authorized four extensions to the initial 60-day filing deadline, increasing policyholders' time to file to 240 days from the date of loss.
Since Isaac made landfall late last August, 13,181 claims have been filed in Louisiana, and the program has paid out nearly $472 million.
Eligible residents from Terrebonne and Lafourche parishes have so far been awarded more than $7.5 million for housing assistance and other needs.
For Lafourche, the individual assistance program has doled more than $4 million, including $3.6 million for housing and $451,000 for other needs.
There have been 4,367 Lafourche residents registered for assistance.
In Terrebonne, the program has disbursed $3.5 million, including $3.1 million for housing.
Registration in Terrebonne reached 3,852 applicants.
"Hurricane Isaac disrupted the lives of thousands of people here in Louisiana, so it was important to give policyholders time to collect information and file their flood insurance claims," said federal coordinating officer Gerard M. Stolar of the Federal Emergency Management Agency. "However, people who haven't yet submitted claims to their agents should do so now before it's too late."
Hurricane Isaac first made landfall in Terrebonne and Lafourche parishes Aug. 28 with heavy rainfall and flooding occurring several days before and after it hit. For this reason the date of loss varies for property owners.
Local officials in both parishes said the flood damage sustained from the storm was minimal.
Lafourche Parish Administrator Archie Chaisson said claims in the parish have been rare.
"We didn't have widespread damage like in other parishes," he said. "And I don't anticipate a lot of people to file more claims."
However, Chaisson said more FEMA money to mitigate damages from hurricanes Gustav and Ike is still coming in.
The parish administration has meetings set up next week with the Governor's Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness to discuss how much money that will be, Chaisson said.
He said he expects that number to be about $2 million, which will go toward the parish's hazard mitigation grant program to elevate more homes.
"This will give some residents who didn't meet the first requirements or who missed the grant deadline a second chance to get their home elevated," he said.
More than $100 million in individual assistance has been awarded to Lafourche Parish over the past seven-plus years, while Terrebonne residents racked up about $30 million in aid during that period, according to statistics provided by FEMA's regional office.
Pat Gordon, Terrebonne Parish zoning director, said he isn't aware of any Terrebonne residents needing the extension because the parish, like Lafourche, didn't have many issues.
"There was some flooding but nothing compared to the extent of (previous storms) that hit Terrebonne Parish," he said.
Gordon said the real problem people throughout the country are going to be facing is when the National Flood Insurance Program reforms take effect this fall.
"(FEMA) may have extended the claims for flood insurance," he said. "But the reforms that are going to take place are going to be devastating to older policy owners that are below base flood elevations because those subsidies are going to be removed. I think it's crazy."
The government-sponsored National Flood Insurance Program is the only source of local flood insurance for homes and businesses.
Policies could cost more than $20,000 per year for residents with extremely high-risk homes, according to FEMA data.
Policyholders with questions can call the Hurricane Isaac Flood Insurance Call Center at 1-866-331-1679 or 1-866-330-7286 or talk to their local insurance representative.


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Players tried to fix the result of a football match but failed when a pre-game meeting did not go ahead, a court heard.
Former Whitehawk Football Club players Michael Boateng, Hakeem Adelakun, both 22, and Moses Swaibu, 24, appeared at the first day of their bribery trial at Birmingham Crown Court yesterday.
They were alongside Chann Sankaran, 33, from Hastings, and Krishna Ganeshan, 43, over an allegation they took part in a conspiracy to alter the result of games.
Robert Davies, prosecuting, told the jury on the first day of the five-week trial that Sankaran and Ganeshan were "central figures", while the three players were "willing recruits".
He said the two had come to the UK from Singapore to target the non-league conference football in what he said was a match-fixers' "Goldilocks scenario".
He explained the term referred to the minimum level of bribe needed to alter the games with a maximum return.
The jury heard a middleman – who cannot be named for legal reasons – worked with the five defendants in an attempt to fix matches.
A number of recordings were played to the court which were made by an undercover officer working for the National Crime Agency.
One heard Sankaran tell the officer, who was posing as a financier, that he had Whitehawk and fellow Conference South side Bromley "under his control".
The undercover officer said: "I've never heard of them, can you even get a bet on them?"
Sankaran said: "Yes you can, I've done this before."
Mr Davies said the conspiracy focused its first, albeit unsuccessful, efforts on a game involving Whitehawk.
He said: "We say Sankaran is being pretty clear, he's looking for a 3-0 defeat for Whitehawk.
"This is a small club, where supporters will go there and pay money – all the while there is a fraud going on."
He added: "That is not sport, that is something else."
Mr Davies told the jury the match was not fixed in the end after the players failed to meet with the men posing as the investors.
Although the opposition was not named, the game took place between November 1 and 26 2013.
In another recording, from Ganeshan's telephone, he can be heard telling an unidentified person he was looking to make "between £75,000- £100,000" on a cup tie involving non-league clubs on November 30.
Swaibu is alleged to have accepted financial incentives including £2,446 in cash, while Boateng and Adelakun are alleged to have received incentives of £367 each.
Sankaran, of Hawthorn Road, Hastings, and Ganeshan, of Hougang Avenue, Singapore, deny conspiracy to commit bribery and three further counts of bribery by offering the players cash.
Boateng, of Davidson Road, Croydon, Adelakun, of Mayfield Crescent, Thornton and Swaibu, of Tooley Street, London, all deny bribery.
The trial continues.


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It's Splitsville Between GOP & Hillary Clinton; Fox Breaks Up With Sarah Palin
Washington, D.C., has never been a "love thy neighbor" kind of place, certainly not in the past four years when Republicans worked to stymie President Barack Obama at all costs, or the eight preceding years when Democrats had similar feelings about President George W. Bush.
So how do you explain the love affair of the past few years between Republicans and Hillary Clinton?
It's not difficult to figure out. Just as those on the left were for the longest time tossing bouquets at John McCain — when he was the media darling who took on Bush — Republicans have been saying nice things about Clinton more or less since she became secretary of state. Part of the reason is practical; her approval ratings are sky high. But the real reason is that by praising her, the Republicans are in effect contrasting her with the president they so despise. So each thrown kiss at Clinton was actually a dig at Obama.
That's exactly what former Vice President Dick Cheney was doing a few years ago when he said on Fox News Sunday that had she and not Obama been in office, she "might have been easier for some of us who are critics of the president to work with":
"I have the sense that she's one of the more competent members of the current administration, and it would be interesting to speculate about how she might perform were she to be president."
Even back in September, in the aftermath of the terrorist attack at the U.S. consulate in Benghazi, Libya, Republicans went out of their way to direct their ire not at Clinton but at U.N. Ambassador Susan Rice, who went on the Sunday talk shows with insufficient and incomplete talking points about the causes of the attack, which resulted in the death of Ambassador Chris Stevens and three other Americans. One, they felt that Rice was downplaying the terrorist angle to the attack, perhaps because, in their view, the administration didn't want al-Qaida to become a sticking point in the Obama campaign message with the election just weeks away. And two, Rice seemed to be Obama's clear choice to succeed Clinton as the next secretary of state in a second term. By praising Clinton (and to a lesser degree John Kerry), Republicans not-so-subtly were attacking both Obama and Rice.
And it was not only about foreign policy. House Budget Committee chairman Paul Ryan, the 2012 GOP vice presidential nominee, said on NBC's Meet the Press that the nation's economic health would be much better if Clinton were president: "Look, if we had a Clinton presidency, if we had Erskine Bowles as chief of staff of the White House or president of the United States, I think we would have fixed this fiscal mess by now. ... That's not the kind of presidency we're dealing with right now." What better way to tweak Obama than by praising his 2008 rival?
But now that she is about to leave the Cabinet, with talk about 2016 swirling everywhere, the Republican view of Hillary Clinton is different ... or, more precisely, back where it was when she was first lady and at loggerheads with the "vast right-wing conspiracy." Just as McCain became less useful for the Democrats as he moved away from his maverick reputation, Clinton is no longer being praised by the right in order to disparage Obama — now that she may become their opponent in the next presidential election.
So when she finally appeared last week before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee (and House Foreign Affairs Committee) to answer questions about Benghazi, they went on an all-out assault. She took complete responsibility for what happened. But when she noted that she never read requests sent by the consulate for increased security, that was too much for Sen. Rand Paul, R-Ky. "Inexcusable," he said. "A failure of leadership." And then he went on to say, "Had I been president at the time and I had found that you had not read the cables from Benghazi, you had not read the cables from Ambassador Stevens, I would have relieved you of your post." Not knowing of these requests for additional security, Paul said, "really, I think, cost these people their lives."
The big headline that came out of the committee hearings, however, was her response to questioning from Sen. Ron Johnson, where the Wisconsin Republican insisted on focusing on Susan Rice's statements in the wake of the attacks. These may have been GOP talking points back in the fall, but Clinton was having no part of it in 2013:
"With all due respect, the fact is we had four dead Americans. Was it because of a protest or was it because of guys out for a walk one night who decided that they'd they go kill some Americans? What difference at this point does it make? It is our job to figure out what happened and do everything we can to prevent it from ever happening again, Senator."
It was a response that cheered her supporters, one that was played over and over on cable news programs. Democrats loved her "feistiness," that she "manhandled" the Republicans and stood up to their "untruths." But Republicans remained unmoved. McCain, who had nice things to say about Clinton prior to the hearings, complained on Fox that for all the theatrics, "she really didn't answer any questions":
"Her response to Senator Johnson about whether there was a spontaneous demonstration or not, saying it didn't matter — it didn't matter how these people died? That was stunning. That was really stunning. Of course it matters. It matters for a whole lot of reasons, including to the families and Americans, because the American people deserve to be told the truth, and they were not told the truth in her talking points."
Let the record show that Hillary Clinton's day of testimony came on the same day Defense Secretary Leon Panetta ended the ban on allowing women in combat.
And speaking of breakups, the love affair between Fox News and Sarah Palin has apparently come to an end. With her contract up for renewal, Fox announced that the former Alaska governor would no longer be a regular on-air commentator. While neither party explained why the relationship became kaput, there were some musings on the Web that she wasn't happy with the offer from Fox. And there is some evidence that there has been unhappiness for quite some time; for example, she publicly criticized the network on her Facebook page for canceling her appearances during the Republican National Convention. The Daily Beast's Howard Kurtz writes that Fox offered only a fraction of the million-dollar salary she had been getting the past four years, forcing Palin to turn it down:
"What happened, quite simply, is that Palin's star had faded. She was no longer the rock star of 2008, her future presidential ambitions the subject of constant speculation. The political climate shifted as well, with Republicans, having been shellacked in their second straight presidential election, debating a future involving Rubio and Christie and Ryan but not Palin.
"And the atmosphere at Fox shifted as well. It was no longer a network in the throes of a Tea Party revolt and providing a platform for Glenn Beck. Fox edged a bit closer to the center, and Palin began to seem more the Julianne Moore of Game Change than a political force.
"Palin retains a passionate following among some conservatives who view her as a female trailblazer. But she will now have to build her brand without the Fox platform."
And the National Journal's Jill Lawrence writes that Palin leaving Fox "puts an exclamation point on the end of an era, or at least a chapter, in U.S. political history":
"Once the face of an energetic and politically potent Tea Party movement, Palin is leaving Fox at a time when polls show the Tea Party at an all-time low in both membership and favorability. Her departure also coincides with calls by some leading Republicans for their party to stop saying things that erode the GOP brand and turn off voters in droves."
Far more negative was this review by Jason Easley at PoliticusUSA:
"This isn't the first time that her ego and greed have cost her a job. There was no second season of her reality show, Sarah Palin's Alaska, because Palin wanted to be paid millions of dollars per episode to continue the series.
"While the Republican Party has moved on to dreaming about Paul Ryan, Chris Christie and Marco Rubio, Sarah Palin is still stuck in 2008. She still thinks that she is a superstar worthy of top dollar. Fox News execs realized that they had made a bad investment with Palin, and knew that the one sure way to get rid of her was to slash her salary. ...
"Sarah Palin left the national stage in the same arrogant, deluded and greedy way that she came in. Palin knows that her departure from Fox News was a stealth firing. That's why she tried to get out ahead of the story. It will be easier to con her few remaining fans into giving her money if they believe that she left the cable news ratings leader because she has bigger fish to fry."
But Palin herself, in an interview with the Breitbart News Web site, appeared much more upbeat about her future:
"As far as long-term plans, the door is wide open. I know the country needs more truth-telling in the media, and I'm willing to do that. So, we shall see. And always in the center of it all I have an awesome, full, exciting and large family living in a very unique part of America that keeps me hopping! I love it!"
It just won't be very unique on Fox News.
Senate openings. Two senators announced their retirements last week:
Georgia — Sen. Saxby Chambliss (R) said Friday he will not seek a third term next year. A conservative by nearly every stretch of the imagination — he's received 100 percent ratings from the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and the American Conservative Union over the years — he's been at the forefront of the bipartisan effort to deal with the federal deficit. He's also been the subject of right-wing displeasure with his willingness to work with Democrats on budget issues and after he broke with Grover Norquist over the no-tax pledge. There had been rumors that several Republicans were mulling a primary challenge to him, notably Reps. Paul Broun and Tom Price, as well as former Georgia Secretary of State Karen Handel, who sought the governorship in the 2010 GOP primary.
But Chambliss' decision to leave appears to be less about election worries and more about unhappiness about the way things work (or don't work) in Washington. "This is about frustration," he said, "both at a lack of leadership from the White House and at the dearth of meaningful action from Congress." The debt ceiling and fiscal cliff battles, he added, "showed Congress at its worst and, sadly, I don't see the legislative gridlock and partisan posturing improving anytime soon."
The three aforementioned Republicans are now thought likely to run, and more may soon be added to the list; Jim Galloway of the Atlanta Journal-Constitution mentions Reps. Phil Gingrey and Tom Graves and state Sen. Ross Tolleson as other potential candidates. Two widely known GOPers, former presidential hopeful Herman Cain and ex-House Speaker Newt Gingrich, said they won't run. On the Democratic side, attention immediately turned to Blue Dog Rep. John Barrow. Barrow is one of those nearly extinct creatures — a white congressional Democrat in the Deep South — who often has to work his tail off to get re-elected. He had said he won't run, but that was when Chambliss was still in the race, so that may not be the final word. Another potential candidate is Kasim Reed, the mayor of Atlanta.
Iowa — The day after Chambliss' announcement came a similar one from five-term Democrat Tom Harkin that he too won't seek re-election next year. At 73, he will have been in Congress for the past 40 years (House 1975-84, Senate since 1985), and he said that "it's somebody else's turn." Harkin's problems have never been in the primary — he always finds himself on the GOP hit list — but he always managed to survive, many times impressively. An old-school liberal and a strong populist, he played a huge role in the Affordable Care Act as well as the Americans with Disabilities Act. But his bid for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1992 went nowhere, aside from the basically uncontested Iowa caucuses, which he handily won. He is the longest-serving Democratic senator in Iowa history.
Democrats are likely to rally around Rep. Bruce Braley, who just won his fourth term in the House. Braley was considering a gubernatorial run until Harkin made his announcement. Less clear is what will happen on the Republican side. Many in the GOP feel Rep. Tom Latham would be their party's strongest candidate, but he may not have the nomination to himself; Rep. Steve King, a strong conservative and Tea Party favorite very vocal on anti-illegal immigration issues, may also run, and a divisive primary could help the Democrats hold onto the seat.
And then there's New Jersey. No announcement yet from Sen. Frank Lautenberg (D) on his plans, but whether or not the 89-year-old Democrat runs again, he's still been making headlines back home. Newark Mayor Cory Booker (D) has made it clear he is looking at the Senate seat, regardless of whether Lautenberg runs, and that hasn't gone down too well with the Democratic incumbent. Lautenberg, who has yet to speak to Booker about next year's primary, has made clear his displeasure with the potential challenge. Last week he told the Philadelphia Inquirer that Booker deserved a "spanking": "I have four children, I love each one of them. I can't tell [you] that one of them wasn't occasionally disrespectful, so I gave them a spanking and everything was OK." A few days later, Lautenberg went on to describe Newark as a "city in desperate need of attention" and implied Booker wasn't quite doing his job.
Meanwhile, a new Quinnipiac University poll shows Booker leading Lautenberg 51 percent to 30 percent in a hypothetical primary matchup. And a whopping 71 percent said the senator's age makes it difficult for him to do the job.
Another Democrat thought to have Senate hopes in his future is Rep. Frank Pallone. But he made it clear that he would run only if Lautenberg retired.
No Republican has won a Senate race in New Jersey since 1972.
Political Updates. I post periodic political updates during the week — some serious, some not — on Twitter. You can follow me at @kenrudin.
Two senators for governor. Last week's column had a question about next year's gubernatorial race in Minnesota. Former Sen. Norm Coleman (R) is talking about challenging current Gov. (and former senator) Mark Dayton (D). The writer wanted to know if two former senators had ever opposed each other in a race for governor. I don't think so, but Tom Phillips of Austin, Texas, came up with an example that's probably as close as we'll get. He said the closest instance was in Texas in 1956, "when current Senator Price Daniel beat former senator W. Lee O'Daniel and future senator Ralph Yarborough for the Democratic nomination for governor."
Department of Corrections: The Jan. 7 Political Junkie column listed all the new members of the 113th Congress. Regarding Kerry Bentivolio (R-Mich. 11), I wrote that he succeeded Thad McCotter (R), who resigned. Well, not exactly. As Joshua Holman of Havelock, N.C., writes:
"Actually, Bentivolio succeeds Democrat David Curson. Curson was elected last November in the old MI-11 to fill the rest of McCotter's term [McCotter resigned July 6] in the 112th Congress. Bentivolio was elected to the new MI-11 for the full term that started this month."
Political Junkie segment on Talk of the Nation. Each Wednesday at 2 p.m. ET, the Political Junkie segment appears on Talk of the Nation (NPR's call-in program), hosted by Neal Conan with me adding color commentary, where you can, sometimes, hear interesting conversation, useless trivia questions and sparkling jokes. Last week's show focused on what strategy the Republicans need to implement for the second Obama term with guest Jack Pitney, a political science professor at Claremont-McKenna College. You can listen to the segment here:
Last week's trivia question: Only two votes were cast against Hillary Clinton's nomination for secretary of state four years ago. John Kerry may get a similarly strong approval from the Senate this year. Since World War II, which secretary of state received the most negative votes during Senate confirmation? (answer below)
Podcast. There's also a new episode of our weekly podcast, "It's All Politics," up every Thursday. It's hosted by my partner in crime, Ron Elving, and me.
last week's podcast and inaugural poem
And Don't Forget ScuttleButton. ScuttleButton, America's favorite waste-of-time button puzzle, can usually be found in this spot every Monday or Tuesday. A randomly selected winner will be announced every Wednesday during the Political Junkie segment on NPR's Talk of the Nation. You still have time to submit your answer to last week's contest, which you can see here. Sure, there's incredible joy in deciphering the answer, but the winner gets not only a Political Junkie T-shirt but also a 3-1/2-inch Official No-Prize Button! Is this a great country or what??
Jan. 31 — Confirmation hearings scheduled in the Senate Armed Services Committee for Chuck Hagel, President Obama's choice for secretary of defense.
Feb. 26 — Special primary in Illinois' 2nd CD to replace Jesse Jackson Jr. (D), who resigned. (General election: April 9)
March 19 — Special primary in South Carolina's 1st Congressional District to replace Tim Scott (R), who was appointed to the Senate.
April 2 — Runoff in S.C. 01. (General election: May 7.)
April 30 — Special Massachusetts Senate primary.
June 4 — Special election in Missouri's 8th CD to replace Jo Ann Emerson (R), who resigned.
June 25 — Special Senate election in Massachusetts to replace John Kerry, President Obama's choice to become secretary of state.
Mailing list. To receive a weekly email alert about the new column and ScuttleButton puzzle, contact me at email@example.com.
******* Don't Forget: If you are sending in a question to be used in this column, please include your city and state. *********
Trivia answer: Condoleezza Rice got the most "no" votes for secretary of state; the Senate vote was 85-13. (Actually, it was the most number of "no" votes for a secretary of state since 1825.)
This day in political history: Last year, his State of the Union message came in the wake of the Persian Gulf War, and his message was widely heralded by an overwhelming majority of Americans. Today, with approval ratings at the lowest point of his presidency, President George H.W. Bush's SOTU mostly fell on deaf ears, especially with Democrats, who blame the recession on Bush's economic policies. In his address, Bush called for a substantial cut in the capital gains tax and reducing the size of the military by $50 billion over five years. But he dismissed Democratic suggestions of a national health-care plan (Jan. 28, 1992). This will be Bush's final State of the Union address; he will be defeated for a second term in November by Bill Clinton.
Got a question? Ask Ken Rudin: firstname.lastname@example.com


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John L. Seidel
Director of the Center for Environment & Society; Lammot du Pont Copeland Associate Professor of Anthropology and Environmental Studies
- B.A., Drew University, 1976
- M.A. Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, 1980
- M.A. American Civilization, University of Pennsylvania 1981
- Ph.D. Historical Archaeology, University of Pennsylvania, 1987
Courses Taught
- Introduction to Environmental Archaeology
- Cultures and Environments of the Chesapeake
- Doing Archaeology
- Maritime Archaeology
- Reconstructing Past Environments
- Archaeology and Historic Preservation in Maryland
- Science and Pseudoscience in Archaeology
- Ancient Myths & World Mysteries
- Summer Field School in Archaeology
- Summer Field Study in Bermuda
Areas Of Interest
- environmental archaeology
- maritime archaeology
- historic preservation
- natural and cultural resource management
- remote sensing
- GIS & computer applications in resource management
- benthic habitat and coastal zone assessment
- long-term climate change
Current Research Projects
Marine archaeology and natural resource surveys of the Chester River and other tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay; formulation of a predictive model and Geographic Information System (GIS) for archaeological sites on Maryland's Upper Eastern Shore; long-term environmental and stabilization study of the 1748 wreck of HMS "Fowey," Biscayne, Florida with the National Park Service's Submerged Resource Unit; shallow water habitat assessment in the Chesapeake Bay, Fire Island National Seashore and other estuarine or coastal zones; climate change and local and regional climate protection planning.
Boards And Committees (selected)
Chestertown Historic District Commission; Maryland Historical Trust Board of Trustees.
Favorite Activities
SCUBA diving, boating, travel, music, reading.
Travel Destinations
Recent trips (in the last two years): Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Where do I want to go next? The Galapagos, Antarctica, Alaska, any of the Pacific Islands, back to the Mediterranean, and so on, and so on, and so on…
Some Recommended Internet Sites
One of the best all-around sites on archaeology
The Skeptic's Dictionary - things aren't always what they seem, or what others tell you - here's a site that brings a rationale perspective to many so-called "mysteries."
Great site on evolution, with frequently asked questions and responses to assaults on scientific approaches to studying our biological past.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's site.
A BBC page on archaeology, with links to a variety of subjects: human remains, virtual sites, marine archaeology, the history of archaeology, and DNA research, among others.
NOVA's listing of web sites associated with their programs-check the listings under "Social Studies" for archaeological materials. Check "Lost King of the Maya," "Mysteries of the Nile," and "Vessel of Doom."
Wonderful photos of Maya sites.
Play the Mesoamerican Ball Game—but don't lose!
Wonder why I like this one?!


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THE ROARING TWENTIES — Klaus (Joseph Morgan) and Stefan (Paul Wesley) arrive in Chicago, where Stefan is reunited with a vampire (guest star Claire Holt, "Pretty Little Liars") who hasn't really moved on from her interest in him decades earlier. In a flashback to Chicago in the 1920s, Stefan comes face-to-face with a shocking chapter from his wild past. After Damon (Ian Somerhalder) gets a tip on Stefan and Klaus' whereabouts from an unexpected source, he and Elena (Nina Dobrev) follow their trail. Back in Mystic Falls, Tyler is concerned about Caroline and turns to Sheriff Forbes (guest star Marguerite MacIntyre) for help. Chris Grismer directed the episode written by Caroline Dries (#303).
Source: CW
Source: CW
*and sometimes I feel that I should go and play with the thunder*
Dieser Beitrag wurde bereits 1 mal editiert, zuletzt von angelinchains ()


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In October 2018, NSF implemented the Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance (DMARC) email changes required by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to improve email security. Some email routing practices (such as auto-forwarding to personal email accounts and sending messages through third-party providers) may cause messages to be flagged as potentially fraudulent by DMARC security checks and blocked. If your email is auto-forwarded to another account, such as a personal email account, you may not receive emails from NSF in that forwarded account. More information about DMARC and email delivery from NSF.
Professional Formation of Engineers
CONTACTSSee program guidelines for contact information.
Engineering Education encourages the integration of engineering research and education to accelerate technological and educational innovation and improve the quality and diversity of engineering graduates entering the technical workforce. EEC encourages partnerships that infuse both research and education with new knowledge from multiple disciplines, take advantage of new understanding of how students learn, and focus on engineered systems. The objective is to graduate engineering leaders with a global outlook and the ability to adapt to the rapidly evolving technical environment in industry, academe, and society.
The Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) Program is a Foundation-wide activity that offers the National Science Foundation's most prestigious awards in support of junior faculty who exemplify the role of teacher-scholars through outstanding research, excellent education and the integration of education and research within the context of the mission of their organizations. Such activities should build a firm foundation for a lifetime of leadership in integrating education and research. NSF encourages submission of CAREER proposals from junior faculty members at all CAREER-eligible organizations and especially encourages women, members of underrepresented minority groups, and persons with disabilities to apply.
- Faculty Early Career Development Program
- PFE: Research Initiation in Engineering Formation
- Research in the Formation of Engineers (RFE)


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We were unable to find any products matching your requirements.
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Take a look at the range of Red John Smedley Knitwear that we currently have available here at Northern Threads. If you're a fan of the John Smedley brand and a keen Streetwear enthusiast, you might also like to view our collection of Ted Baker and Sunspel collections.
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Because you're a donator, you can have early access to our in-progress language system. There's still a lot for us to do, but we thought you might want to try it out!
For more info, check out this thread.
1080° series
N64, WiiVC, WiiUVC
Moderated by:Hayate, theluge, Bert86
Level: Crystal Peak


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Winds of Solaris is a 2D RPG using RMVXA. You play William Drayfar, son of the recently deceased Matthew Drafar. After the Vonosian rebellion against King Garrett fifteen years ago, Lord Matthew Drayfar and Lord Alfred Baylor agreed to divide the kingdom in half: the north, now ruled by Mathhew's son William, is the kingdom of Solaris; the south, ruled by Lord Baylor, is the kingdom of Naloria. Now, barely a year after King Matthew passed away, Lord Baylor has launched a surprise attack on Solaris. The Solarans were overwhelmed, and the army was quickly routed. Lord Baylor's forces have reached Castle Volaris, and have begun their attack. King William must escape the castle to save his homeland, and his people.
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A four-minute trip on the Roosevelt Island Tramway yesterday turned into a harrowing ordeal that lasted hours as a series of power failures left about 70 people suspended hundreds of feet in the air, forcing a daring late-night rescue over the East River.
About 11 p.m., after the passengers on two tram cars, one headed in each direction, had been hanging for more than six hours, rescuers began moving them into a large orange wire gondola from the tram headed to Roosevelt Island, which was suspended over the East River. Passengers were pulled from the side door and loaded into the gondola, which had a capacity of about a dozen people. By midnight, 22 of the approximately 50 people in the Roosevelt Island-bound tram had been rescued in two trips, including 12 children and an elderly woman who was using a walker.
Cheers erupted when the first group, with eight children and five adults, touched ground at the Roosevelt Island terminal about 11:30 p.m. The children exchanged high-fives with Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg. They were greeted with juice, cookies and, for several Hasidic Jews in the first group, matzo.
"I felt like I was a movie stuntman a little bit," said Dax Maier, 12, after he was rescued. "I just told myself,'Don't look down.' " Dax was heading over to Roosevelt Island with his baby-sitter for tennis lessons.
The second rescue, which was completed at 12:20 a.m. today, took longer because among the nine passengers was an elderly woman using a walker and hard of hearing. Because the last portion of the rescue trip involved climbing down a 10-foot ladder, rescuers had to lower her down on the pulley.Continue reading the main story
Early today, rescuers were debating whether to use a crane with a basket to rescue the passengers who were in the tram suspended over Manhattan near First Avenue. The people would be brought either onto the bridge or onto land.
If not, they planned to use the gondola, which had crawled the 3,100-foot-long stretch of cable with self-generated diesel power, to empty the Manhattan-bound tram, with 22 people -- 21 passengers and the conductor.
Passengers remainedly largely calm as they were transferred from the tram car to the orange gondola in midair.
After the first group arrived, Mr. Bloomberg held a briefing on the Roosevelt Island side. "We want to get out of this with nobody injured," he said, "and hopefully we learned something about how this will not happen again." He also said city officials had talked to officials at the agency that oversees the tram, the Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation, , a quasi-public corporation that was set up in 1984 to oversee services to the island. "We will do an evaluation tomorrow on what went wrong," he said.
The ordeal began shortly before 5 p.m. when the power went out, leaving the two tram cars, which each can hold 125 people, motionless on cables that rise as high as 250 feet above the East River between the East Side of Manhattan and Roosevelt Island.
Officials said the diesel generator that powers the system failed, and then the backup generator stopped working as well. Efforts to manually crank in the cars back also proved fruitless, officials said.
Anxious relatives and city officials waited on land, squinting upward and using cellphones to talk with the trapped passengers, who included several children heading to Roosevelt Island for after-school activities. By 10:30 p.m., Mayor Bloomberg had joined the crowd.
Family members of Rick Lazio, the former Republican congressman and Senate candidate from Long Island, were among those in midair. His wife, Patricia, had been taking their 12-year-old daughter, Kelsey, to a tennis lesson on the island.
"I think the information flow has been pretty abysmal," said Mr. Lazio, in an interview from his Manhattan apartment about 10 p.m. "One of the problems is that the official communication has been extremely wanting, so people would get information from different sources, like cellphones."
"It's difficult for me to understand when you have a primary means of transportation over to an island, you don't have a backup plan in terms of retrieving the people who are caught in a situation like this," Mr. Lazio said.
Rescuers, including members of the police Emergency Service Unit who are also trained medical technicians, had set up a station at the Roosevelt Island terminal, but there were no reported injuries.
The ordeal was especially difficult for people who did not like heights. Mary Hirschhorn said her husband, Alan Hirschhorn, one of the stranded passengers, was among them. "He's very nervous," she said. "He's upset. I'm never going to take it again."
It was the second time the tram had stalled for hours in the past eight months, raising questions about the aging system, which began service in 1976. "The whole tram system is 30 years old," said Judith A. Berdy, president of the Roosevelt Island Historical Society. "They have new cabs, new windows, new cables, but it's old equipment."
In September, the tram stalled for two hours. Power was restored after the only engineer who could fix that problem was brought in from Westchester County by police helicopter.
The tram, originally built by a Swiss company, Vonroll Limited, for $5 million, is now operated by the Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation. Agency officials could not be reached for comment last night.
The system, which calls itself the only aerial commuter tram in the country, has been featured in movies including "City Slickers," starring Billy Crystal; "Nighthawks," with Sylvester Stallone; and "Spider-Man" in 2002.
Lee Anne Siegel, 30, was taking her 14-month-old daughter, Riley, to the island to play in a park. Her husband, Jordan Siegel, was waiting for his wife in Manhattan last night. "It's the first time they've been over there," he said. "I'm thinking Central Park from now on."Continue reading the main story


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Mplus Discussion
Multilevel Data/Complex Sample
Tammy Kochel
posted on Monday, February 11, 2013 - 8:31 pm
In a two-level model predicting level 1 outcome y, the standardized output returns an r-squared within and r-squared between.
My question is whether the r-squared between tells me the proportion of variance on y that is explained by the level 2 predictor and thus whether the r-squared for the complete multi-level model is the sum of the two r-squared outputs (total explained variance of y is r-squared from the within variables plus the r-squared from the between variables)?
Thank you.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Monday, February 11, 2013 - 11:46 pm
The sum of R-squares is not what you want because
R-square(W) = within-explained/(within-total),
R-sqauare(B) = between-explained/(between-total),
where for each level
total = explained plus residual.
If you want the total r-square for y, I think you want the numerator to be
within-explained + between-explained
and for the denominator you add the two residual terms. You can get all these quantities from the output.
Tammy Kochel
posted on Tuesday, February 12, 2013 - 7:20 pm
Thank you for this explanation. If I understand correctly, you are suggesting that I would add the estimates for the between and within R-squares for the numerator, and add together the between and within standardized estimates for the residuals?
My within R-square is .39 and my between is 0.148 (sum .538).
The standardized residual estimate (STDYX) for within = .609 and between=.852. I estimate a total R-square for the y = (.538/1.461) .368. Correct?
If that is correct, why would my total explained variance be less than the model r-square when I only have level 1 predictors? If that is not correct, what should I have done instead?
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Tuesday, February 12, 2013 - 9:57 pm
No, that's not what I suggested.
Your within R-square is for instance
R_W = a/(a+b),
and your between is
R_B = c/(c+d).
Then your total R-square would be
R_T = (a+c)/(a+c+b+d).
Tammy Kochel
posted on Wednesday, February 13, 2013 - 12:43 pm
Thanks, so do I used the standardized or unstandardized residual estimate for d and b?
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Wednesday, February 13, 2013 - 8:32 pm
Unstandardized everywhere.
posted on Saturday, September 19, 2015 - 1:03 am
Dear Dr.Muthen,
I have another question on a multilevel model with random slope. How can I get an R-square (R_w and R_b) for this model? The output did not provide the R2 results.
Thank you very much for your help!
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Job Openings
If you are viewing the vacancy list on the final business day of the current week, there may be some active vacancies that close today at 5:00 p.m. that no longer appear on the list below. However, they will remain open until 5:00 p.m. today. They can still be accessed directly through the Commonwealth's Recruitment Management System (RMS) at the following link: https://virginiajobs.peopleadmin.com/.
Applicants should locate their vacancy of interest on RMS by searching for it by agency, role, or other options.
Applicants with questions regarding a specific vacancy or the application process should contact Human Resources at 804-887-8123 or email@example.com.


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Get Well Dog Gift Baskets
None of us like going into the hospital but, when our pets go, it's like sending one of our own children. Bidding your dog goodbye, wringing your hands during the procedure and if all goes well taking them home and nursing them back to health. It can be stressful.
Wouldn't it be great if someone sent both you and your dog a get well gift basket? It would be so welcomed and appreciated by both owner and his or her pet. Once again, Pampered Dog Gifts has the perfect solution.
Dog Gone Cute Valentine Doggy Gift Basket
Get Well Soon Gift Tote of Dog Treats
Gift Bag for Dogs
Get Well Doggie Gift Basket
Good Dog Treats Gift
Just What the Vet Ordered Dog Gift
Get Well Pooch Dog Gift
Deluxe Get Well Dog Treat Basket
Dog Gone Cute Doggy Gift Basket
Party Girl Dog Gift Basket
Smooch a Pooch Dog Gift Basket
Ruffed Up Pup Gift Basket
Our Get Well Gift Basket line of gifts has just the right size and price range for every budget. Our best seller is the Get Well Dog Gift Basket. One unique 'gift' in this basket is the Pill Pocket®. This treat is designed to hide the dog's medication in a tasty snack; just push the pill(s) into the treat and give it to the dog. Medicine is done! Also included in this gift basket is a bone shaped pill minder. Seven days of medication can be stored in this minder. Face it; it is hard enough to remember to take our own pills let alone our pets.
There are so many different Get Well Gift Baskets that you might have trouble choosing just one. Many of the baskets have a drop down box that give you an option of what size of basket you would like to send. Choose your type of basket, select a price and size and you are done.
Pampered Dog Gifts is the answer to all your get well doggie gift giving occasions.


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Whitley County
The Kentucky Light Foot Militia is recruiting members. KY Light Foot Militia is a constitutional militia that consists of LAW ABIDING CITIZENS through out Kentucky. We focus on five areas of training to defend against invasion, tyranny, crime prevention, natural disaster and terrorism. We train to defend our family, state, country and the constitution against all enemies both foreign and domestic.
Field Training - 235th Battalion Field Training is held the..... Additional information is available at our Public Meetings.
The Light Foot Militia Standards
Alpha Team
Bravo Team
Charlie Team


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Author(s): Jane Green
Number one best-seller Jane Green - author of "The Love Verb" and "Spellbound" - examines the dynamics of family life and relationships in her novel "The Patchwork Marriage". When he asked her to be his wife, he also wanted a mother for his children...When Andi marries Ethan she gets a ready-made family in the shape of his daughters Emily and Sophia. Unable to have a child of her own, and crazy in love with Ethan, she has a chance to make the perfect family. But teenager Emily's hostility leaves Andi feeling hated in her own home. And worse, Ethan, blinded by love for his daughter, cannot see that her behaviour is driving a wedge through their marriage. So when Andi and Ethan's world is rocked by an act of recklessness, Andi knows that their whole future is in doubt. Can Andi and Ethan heal the rift in their relationship? Can each of them find enough love to go around? And how strong can a patchwork marriage ever be? "A heartbreaking tale of love and family, truly compelling." ("Closer"). ""Green" is women's fiction royalty...a compelling family drama." ("Heat"). "A compulsive and moving read." ("Good Housekeeping"). Jane Green's internationally best-selling novels, including "The Other Woman", "Jemima J.", "Babyville", "Girl Friday" (published as "Dune Road" in the USA), "Life Swap (Swapping Lives)", "Spellbound (To Have and to Hold)", "The Beach House", "Second Chance", "Straight Talking", "Mr. Maybe", and "Bookends", are moving and extremely relatable. "The Patchwork Marriage" is published as "Another Piece of My Heart" in the USA.
Jane Green is the Number One bestselling author of twelve novels: Straight Talking, Jemima J, Mr Maybe, Bookends, Babyville, Spellbound, The Other Woman, Life Swap, Second Chance, The Beach House, Girl Friday and The Love Verb. Jane and her husband live in Connecticut with their blended family of six children.


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Over the last decade, ICTs have contributed to globalization, shaped economies, transformed society and changed our history. Companies that didn't exist in 2003 – including Facebook and Twitter – are now essential components of media strategies and contribute to job creation. Broadband drives economic development across the world, and there are more than seven billion mobile cellular subscriptions.
Despite this meteoric change, we're not quite there yet. While billions of people are already connected to these systems and opportunities, we need much more collaboration to bring about an information society for everyone.
Last month, I participated in the World Summit for Information Society (WSIS) in Geneva, Switzerland. This event brought together a wide variety of senior policy-makers, academics, business leaders and international organizations to present and discuss their perspectives on technological progress. United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-moon and International Telecommunication Union Secretary General Hamadoun Toure opened the summit, reflecting on the status of the information society and transformational impact of ICTs. In addition, World Health Organization Director-General Margaret Chan called for more widespread adoption of ICTs for health services delivery and infrastructure for vital statistics.
During the summit – where I spoke and participated on several panels on behalf of the World Bank – I had the chance to discuss public sector and education reform through ICTs with fellow participants from several different countries: Burkina Faso, Rwanda, Tanzania, Kenya, Tunisia, Egypt, Vietnam, Argentina, Qatar, Japan, South Korea, and Mexico. These conversations invariably contained the terms "finally" or "at last," referring to the often-lengthy time period before nations begin to see results from ICT investments. A decade is not unusual before an investment in an ICT project starts to show a significant impact on education, health or economic outcomes.
One of WSIS's many functions since its founding has been securing commitments to pursue ICT-related targets that complement the Millennium Development Goals. These 11 targets are:
- Connect all villages with ICTs and establish community access points;
- Connect all secondary schools and primary schools with ICTs;
- Connect all scientific and research centers with ICTs;
- Connect all public libraries, museums, post offices and national archives with ICTs;
- Connect all health centers and hospitals with ICTs;
- Connect all central government departments and establish websites;
- Adapt all primary and secondary school curricula to meet the challenges of the information society, taking into account national circumstances;
- Ensure that all of the world's population has access to television and radio services;
- Encourage the development of content and put in place technical conditions in order to facilitate the presence and use of all world languages on the Internet;
- Ensure that more than half the world's inhabitants have access to ICTs within their reach and use them for personal and community development; and
- Connect all businesses with ICTs.
Yet much more is needed to bring the benefit of ICTs and the information society to the world's entire population, and especially our planet's poorest individuals.
We need better leadership mobilization. Technology experts, government ministers and ICT regulators need to partner with national and world leaders to ensure comprehension, cohesion and collaboration at the highest levels. This is not about technology, but about smart development. Isolated efforts will not be impactful.
We need to better incorporate gender and inclusion. This was a hot topic at the WSIS summit, especially given the alarming barriers women entrepreneurs face in a sector that created the most millionaires and billionaires over the last 20 years. One report that does a great job of describing these challenges is the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's new publication on empowering women entrepreneurs through technology.
We need compliance with international standards in systems and data. This includes data exchange and interoperability, as well as institutional strengthening and capacity building of public servants in data management, Open Data and big data analytics.
We need better enforcement of cyber security policies in order to protect critical ICT infrastructure and build skills for governments and society. Unfortunately, as it currently stands, this is one of the weakest points in most ICT national strategies.
Thankfully, there is a growing, increasingly vocal consensus to do these things. Initiatives like Open Data, e-Government, access to information and citizen feedback loops are pressuring governments to move faster in achieving the targets listed above.
Much effort has been made in the connectivity and access agenda; however, a lot more needs to be done, in synch with programs that develop local, national and regional skills, content and services. Several governments that realize those gaps are requesting the World Bank's help in planning and implementing ICT platforms for service delivery of health, education and social protection. Such projects imply process modernization and major changes in service delivery models, which by necessity combine internal reforms with ICT-enabled reengineering of government services.
While we've not yet arrived at a full-scale information society, we're well along the way. In collaboration with clients, stakeholders and citizens, we're developing the roadmap, brainstorming solutions and tackling the challenges. And, once we achieve this goal, the world will be a much more connected – and better – place for us all.
Join the Conversation
Dear Samia, thank you very much for this blog, all the outcomes of the WSIS+10 High level event are available here: http://www.itu.int/wsis/implementation/2014/forum/dam/documents.html#hi…. Your blog covers several important aspects of the "ICT Gaps", especially the "Gender Gap". Gender Equality and Mainstreaming is absolutely crucial for Technology. To promote this, ITU and UNWOMEN have launched the GEM-TECH Award http://www.itu.int/en/action/women/gem/Pages/award.aspx. This annual award seeks to create a platform for advancing women's meaningful engagement with ICTs and their role as decision-makers and producers within this sector. Please nominate your projects and individuals for this award and may the most deserving project win!
Dear Samia, all
Thanks for an inspiring blog and discussion! For those of us who would have liked to have been at WSIS but were not able, it's great to keep up with the debate. Just a couple of points to add to what's already been said. Yes, access, affordability and addressing gender and other socio-economic inequalities, as well as the basic ICT use skills that go with that, are absolutely necessary. However, in the longer term they will not themselves, in my view, be sufficient to achieve a global information society. In a book chapter shortly to be published, I argue and provide evidence that ICT will only truly start to have widespread development impacts when everybody is also able to pro-actively apply the technology themselves to improve the quality of their lives and livelihoods. This is not necessarily an easy next step.
The critical transition is when we build on access, take account of user characteristics and develop basic use skills, to provide opportunities and incentives for beneficial use. This involves changing mindsets, supporting innovative ecosystems to create new business, market and financial models, all within a conducive framework of regulation and open markets that also allow investors to earn money and the public sector to become more transparent and participative. This will especially require a strong focus on local SMEs and civil organisations so they are not swamped by large multi-nationals nor an inward-looking and closed government. Another critical step will be using ICT to support co-design, co-creation and co-production of ICT-enabled products, services and content, rather than simply their passive use by citizens and local businesses. This is very much a Web 2.0 and 3.0 phenomenon which needs to build on rapidly emerging technologies to develop innovation opportunities using mobile, social media, cloud computing, networks, open and big data and the Internet of Things, all of which can add agility, scalability, cost effectiveness and security. There is a long way to go, though the prospects are bright, and already a number of so-called developing countries are global leaders. So, I too am an optimist, but we need also to help create these broader conditions at local, national and international level.
Hi Samia - Excellent post; highlighting both progress to date, and the work ahead. Yes you are right that much effort has been completed on the connectivity and access agenda, but the task is not yet finished with less than half of the world's population connecting to the Internet (and only two-thirds of those connecting at sufficient speeds to access SD video). And yes, more emphasis is needed on how access and connectivity can improve lives through direct implementation of services (education, healthcare, employment, etc.). That is why to guide policy we emphasize options focusing on expanding broadband supply (competition, spectrum allocation, universal access, etc.), as well as concurrent efforts to increase broadband utilization (ensuring affordable devices and access, e-government leadership, increasing digital literacy and ICT skills, fostering new applications such around m-health, tele-medicine, education etc.)
And yes while there is a significant gender gap in Internet use, STEM training and IT employment (and in networking skills), closing this latter gap, in networking, will help bridge the other gaps.
Inclusive and affordable are the words - Thanks for all the good comments, and to all readers who sent me private emails on this blog.
Dr. Ndemo's comment on affordability is very important, what is affordable in terms of Internet costs per household? The recently formed Alliance for affordable internet http://a4ai.org/ has been benchmarking cost of access per Megabit, analyzing costs in Europe, US, and Africa. Earlier recommendations (that costs of access to Internet do not exceed 5% of household income) are being revisited - In Europe the costs are, in most countries, less than 2% of households income on PPP basis. We still have a long way to go, in terms of competition and infrastructure for the Africa markets, and the role of a4ai.org, ITU, AU, AfDB, WBG in coordinating and negotiating with private sector providers and governments is critical. The connectivity of universities, hospitals and community centers is of particular concern, as these should be priorities.
Ms Shah from ITU raises an equally important point, that of inclusion and composition of information society. How can we ensure that Internet is available, affordable, and that women and young girls have equal access to it and learn how to use it to improve their education, health quality of life and income? There are many projects in which women farmers have been able to increase their household income by using mobile based market places (eSoko in Rwanda, for instance) allowing them to sell their agriculture production in the most optimal market. However these programs required special provisions to identify and train the women farmers, and special efforts to develop a local mobile application that would be easy to use for farmers. We have good experiences with training young women in software development or/and network management, in partnerships with Intel, and Cisco, enabling the training recipients to get skills and confidence for highly paid jobs most of the young women could not have imagined prior to the training. We should ensure all our ICT projects include capacity building and access to the Internet to women and young girls sometimes via special awareness building and community based programs.
Kind regards to all, Samia
very good article.
Thanks for the Blog post. At the Alliance for Affordable Internet we have already made it clear why access and affordability is important, that the UN should include affordable broadband access as one of the Sustainable Development Goals to be agreed in September 2015.


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You are here : Home Chemicals and Advanced Materials Chemical Products Polymers Acrylics Acrylic CASE
Table of Contents
Customer Intelligence
SummaryInquiry Before Buying Ask for Discount
Solid Acrylic CASE and Water Borne Acrylic CASE and Solvent Borne Acrylic CASE adds up to total Acrylic CASE market.
Types of this market are Solid Acrylic Coatings and Solid Acrylic Adhesives.
Types of this market are Solid Acrylic Coatings and Solid Acrylic Adhesives.
Key Questions Answered
- What are market estimates and forecasts; which of Solid Acrylic CASE markets are doing well and which are not?
- This report provides market sizing and forecast for the Solid Acrylic CASE market. It also provides market sizing and forecast along with the drivers/inhibitors/opportunity analysis for each of the micro markets.
- Global Solid Acrylic CASE companies
- Manufacturing Companies
- Traders, distributors, and suppliers
- Governmental and research organizations
- Associations and industry bodies
- Technology providers
What makes our report unique?
Audience for this report
1 Introduction
1.1 Analyst Insights
1.2 Market Definitions
1.3 Market Segmentation & Aspects Covered
1.4 Research Methodology
2 Executive Summary
3 Market Overview
4 By Types
4.1 Solid Acrylic Coatings
4.2 Solid Acrylic Adhesives
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Acrylic CASE