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Guys and Girls -- Interview With the Founder of NYC's Straight Social Group
Support Groups and Educational Forums Are Nice. Newsletters Are Great. But What About Love?
As facilitator of support groups at New York City's Body Positive during the early '90s, straight boy Thorner Harris heard people say over and over that all social events for heterosexuals with HIV were largely limited to those living in the therapeutic community. Some felt unwelcome at the events, or they couldn't relate to people in recovery. Harris thought, "Why not try to start a social group where the greatest cross-section of positive straight people could meet each other?"
His idea was to have a group that was not based on a formal support group, where there are guidelines about keeping personal relationships equal with all members of the group. Harris envisioned this new group as "a social club or professional association," which allows -- even encourages -- people to have whatever level of personal involvement with which they're comfortable.
A few friends and a few hundred dollars later (including ads in Body Positive, the Village Voice and New York magazine), Guys and Girls began. Members happy with their experience gave flyers to their medical providers to pass on to other patients. The group's been going strong for 10 years now. With few -- if any -- exceptions, they're the only group of its kind in the country. They were so successful, gay men approached the group about starting one for them, and Nothing But Guys took off six years ago.
"We create a place of community, filled with friendship and camaraderie, where people with the virus can meet. It has normalized the experience of living with HIV," Harris says. "It gives people the opportunity to walk into this safe space and see other people with HIV who are living normal, well-adjusted lives. You see that HIV cuts across all groups. You walk in and see the librarian, the truck driver, the lawyer, or someone who's disabled, but you can't tell their profession by looking at them. People new to the group often remark how healthy people look, and this is very helpful and powerful for the newly diagnosed."
Participants are encouraged to reach out to potential new members, even if there's no sense of connection with them. They may connect with someone that person knows or that person may connect with someone else in the group.
"It's giving people a positive-positive sero-sorting option," says Harris, "not to make people lepers [by separating them out], but by taking away the stigma."
Harris says the group provides an important advantage over the Internet: face-to-face contact in a room full of friendly people. "We have a 'group date.' You can talk to someone and make an assessment. You don't have to buy them dinner and they don't have to buy you dinner." Plus, he says the problems of Internet photos and stories are well known.
While Guys and Girls has led to approximately a dozen marriages and several babies (and other people go AWOL after finding a special someone), Harris says that just as important is the ability of members to share their experiences in living with HIV. He says family and friends can empathize and give support, but don't have the understanding of what it's really like.
There's also medical care to discuss. Says Harris, "This virus, more than most other conditions, requires a great deal of medical knowledge. So a community like Guys and Girls becomes a professional association of sorts. People not only find empathy, but they are also able to find a source of medical information from others living a comparable life. Someone might talk about a medical procedure they had that your doctor is recommending for you."
Heterosexuals from around the country often reach out to Guys and Girls expressing the wish that they had as big a population as the one found in New York City with which to start their own association. Says Harris, "If you're committed as organizers, sensitive to the needs of your local community, and innovative to adapt to them, you too can make this sort of social networking association happen in your area."
Do, however, set up a written code of conduct before problems arise. Guys and Girls found the same problems popping up over and over, distracting the organizers and disrupting the function of the group.
Harris says that more than anything else, the group must serve the community, not its organizers.
For more information, call 1-212-462-9009, e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com, or write to G&G, P.O. Box 251, New York, NY 10014.


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MIDDLEBURY — UD-3 school officials will explore the consequences of building a 2011-2012 spending plan that is 2 percent less than the current year's budget.
It's a sobering assignment, but somewhat less formidable than the task that had been mapped out for the UD-3 budget committee last spring. The panel and UD-3 administrators had been directed to develop a 2011-2012 budget reflecting a 3.5-percent decrease compared to current spending for Middlebury Union Middle School and High School. That would've translated into a $558,852 cut.

subset: commoncrawl


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Chop Cut Rebuild '53
Without a doubt, one of the true mysteries of the gearhead world is whether or not those shows on TV about building a car, truck, or motorcycle in record time are really true. We can't speak for them all, but we were able to follow along as the crew at Classic Industries completed their '53 Chevy shop truck for Chop Cut Rebuild in 6 months real time and were able to witness firsthand that it really can be done.
In the early stages when Classic Industries' Mark Vogt contacted us and announced they were going to take CI's existing clapped-out '53 Chevy shop truck and rebuild it with parts out of their catalog from the ground up in such a short period of time we had our doubts. At Mark's invitation we drove down to Huntington Beach, California, and checked out the subject vehicle in question. Our suspicions were confirmed that unless a series of radical shortcuts were devised the '53 project was destined to run into overtime. Before we were able to voice our thoughts Mark beat us to the punch and declared the CI crew had planned on streamlining the build process to bring it all in on time. Reinforcing the premise of this month's rolling chassis guide, not having to contend with setting up the frame from scratch can potentially shave years off the build of any classic truck. There was a buzz on the grapevine that Total Cost Involved was only a few days away from releasing their entry into the '47-53 Chevy truck rolling chassis market. Mark called Total Cost Involved and shortly thereafter the CI crew took possession of the first complete chassis to roll off the line. Although the Total Cost Involved '47-53 chassis is produced in lots of five, and are considered a mass-produced frame with sequential stamped serial numbers, custom options are readily available.
For suspension, the CI '53's stance was set utilizing Total Cost Involved coilovers for a static drop. Moving forward from under the Mar-K hardwood bed floor lies a Moser 12 rearend packed with 4.11:1 gears and tamed with a B&M 700-R4 with a 3,000-rpm stall speed. Thanks to the automatic overdrive feature common to all 700-R4 transmissions the ZZ 383 GM Performance Products short-block topped with an Edelbrock Performance Package, installed by Mark Vogt and Toni Foti, runs in top gear at lower revs. After the Edelbrock 850 Thunder series carburetor has drawn gas from the 12-gallon polished aluminum Mooneyes tank mounted topside behind the cab, and the MSD ignition has completed combustion, Doug's headers exit exhaust gases through a pair of stainless steel mufflers manufactured in California by MagnaFlow.
Putting the roll in rolling chassis the four wheels on the CI '53 are American Racing Salt Flats shod with Toyo tires. Bringing things to a halt is handled by a quartet of SSBC Force 10 disc brakes with a remote reservoir. To help suppress all of the noise and heat generated by the powertrain the bed walls were cold sprayed with Al's Liner and the cab interior was fitted with Hushmat sound deadener panels. Speaking of the cab, it's a brand new five-window steel reproduction straight from the pages of Classic Industries catalog. After estimating all of the hours and expense involved to restore the cab on CI's existing truck, opting for new was the sure way to guarantee the CI crew would meet their 6-month deadline. Before the guys knew it, the only piece of original sheetmetal used on the Chop Cut Rebuild '53 project was an original hood plucked from a derelict tow truck, and even that could have been sourced from CI's catalog. Adhering to Jamie Seymour's concept illustration of the '53 as a mild custom, Edgar Soler frenched a pair of Delta Tech headlights and then hung a Briz bumper from Chevs of the 40s below the '53's full-chrome grille. The customizing didn't stop at the grille; directly behind, Edgar fitted a much cleaner core support and welded in a shaved firewall, both sourced from Bitchin' Products.
Inside the cab, the interior features Scat seats custom upholstered by Distinctive Industries, pedals from Lokar, and a tilt-steering column with column shift from ididit. Creature comforts are thanks to Vintage Air (heat only), Auto Meter gauges, and a raging sound system from Sony.
During the build's 6-month span the guys and gals of WAZ Productions showed up several times a week and rolled footage for Chop Cut Rebuild. Far from being a Tim the Toolman stereotype, host Dan Wood pitched in and proved to be a nice guy on and off camera. In exactly the correct method used in the real world, the CI '53 was completely assembled, mocked-up, and dialed-in before its custom paintjob was applied. After mock-up the truck was stripped of all body parts including the cab and put into primer. The light bodywork was handled and then a series of guide-coating and blocking out took place. Once the bodywork was dead straight it was time to two-tone the CI '53 using House of Kolor Orion Silver, Raspberry Red Pearl, and then bury it in HOK clear urethane. To accent the HOK colors, pinstripper extraordinaire Jeff Styles pulled his magic. The finishing touch occurred when Tom Horvath from System One showed up with his crew and handled the color sand and rub-out chores, and not leaving until the '53 was ready for its debut at the Pismo Classic Car show.
Chop Cut Rebuild's new season is airing as this issue hits the stands, so the combined efforts of Classic Industries' Mark Vogt, Tony Colombini, Edgar Soler, Jason Poling, Christian Carrillo, Keith Pittman, Freddie Ruiz, Byron Stewart, Ed Stevens, Bret Dethlefsen, and cover girl Regina Rowlett's husband Lance (not a Classic Industries employee) can be seen in living color doing their thing on the Speed Channel; and take it from CCT, they really did it.


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Send listings to www.fosters.com/calendar.
DOVER — Pot Luck Church Supper, Saturday, Dec. 1, from 4:30 p.m. to 6 p.m., First Parish Church, 218 Central Ave., Dover; Traditional Pot Luck Church Supper. $8/$5 Tickets at the door. Judy Edwards, 603-749-2130, firstname.lastname@example.com, firstparishdover.org.
DOVER — St. George Spaghetti Supper, Saturday, Dec. 1, from 4 p.m. to 6:30 p.m., St. George Church (Behind Janeto's Market), PO Box 2210, Dover; An all you can eat Spaghetti, Meatball and Sausage Supper. $6/$3 Info: 602-740-4287, email@example.com.
MILTON — Cub Scout Pack 155 is having their annual pancake breakfast on Saturday, Dec. 1 from 7 a.m. to 11 a.m. at the Emma Ramsey Center. We're having pancakes, bacon, sausage, juice and coffee. Just like last year, it's $5 for adults and $3 for kids under 12.
NEWMARKET — Newmarket Farmers Market, Saturday, Dec. 1, from 9 a.m. to 1 a.m., Carpenter's Olde English Greenhouse, 220 South Main St., Route 152, Newmarket; Fresh veggies, meat, baked goods, cheese, soup, jams, soap, crafts, maple syrup. Rob Carpenter, 603-659-3391, firstname.lastname@example.com.
ROLLINSFORD -- Rollinsford Volunteer Firemen's Association Pancake Breakfast, Saturday, Dec. 1, from 7 a.m. to 10 a.m., Rollinsford Fire Station, 17 Roberts Rd., Rollinsford; Monthly Pancake Breakfast. $5/$2.50 Deputy Chief Kevin Hurd, 603-742-2803.
ROLLINSFORD -- Seacoast Eat Local Winter Farmers' Market, Saturday, Dec. 1, from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m., Wentworth Greenhouses, 141 Rollins Road, Rollinsford; Meats, cheeses, milk, eggs, vegetables, fish and shrimp, prepared foods, baked goods & more. Jessica Sheldon, www.seacoasteatlocal.org.
KITTERY -- Kittery Youth Cheerleading Fish Fry, Sunday, Dec. 2, from 4:30 p.m. to 6:30 p.m., Kittery Community Center, 120 Rogers Road, Kittery, ME; Meal includes Fish and Chips, Sides, Salad, and a drink. Desserts are additional donation. $15 Tickets at the door. Prior registration required. Jeremy Paul, 207-439-3800, firstname.lastname@example.com.
BERWICK, Maine — A Roast Beef Supper will be held at the Berwick United Methodist Church, 37 School Street in Berwick on Saturday, Dec. 8, from 4:30-6 p.m. Featuring Roast Beef, real mashed potatoes, gravy, carrots, green beans, pickled beets, home made bread, strawberry Shortcake, coffee, tea, juice or milk. Cost: $9.00.
What's to eat?
Send listings to www.fosters.com/calendar.


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Personalised Number Plate InformationAll the information you need to buy or sell your registration number
75 DG Number Plate
75 DG Number Plate
Number plate results shown. If you want to go to our main website you can use our reg plate search facility.
Regplates have over 99% of all available number plates available to buy online 24 hours a day. We are members of MIRAD, APRT & CNG trade dealers associations.
All number plates are transferred in accordance with the DVLA.
Unfortunately 75 DG Number Plate From Regplates.com has now been sold, however, click below to search for similar numbers we do have available or call us on 01482 627 628
Search for available registrations similar to 75 DG
Our team of trained personalised number plate staff will professionally handle your transfer as swiftly as possible with all paperwork change over handled for you including the V5, tax disc and MOT certificate. We offer advice without technical 'jargon', and are always competitive on price.
If you are looking to sell a private plate, our personalised registration plates valuations department can give you an accurate market value on your registration number by post or by e-mail.
Personalised Cherished Number Plates
Since their humble beginning in 1903, cherished numbers have continued to increase in popularity often adding the finishing touch to our prized possessions and very often prove to be a valuable investment.
The First Number Plate Ever Issued
A1 assigned in 1903
The Motor Car Act 1903, which came into force on 1 January 1904, required all motor vehicles to be entered on an official vehicle register, and to carry number plates. The Act was passed in order that vehicles could be easily traced in the event of an accident or contravention of the law. Vehicle registration number plates in the UK are rectangular or square in shape, with the exact permitted dimensions of the plate and its lettering set down in law.
You can find out where your personalised registration number plate was originally issued here.
The state Department of Motor Vehicles has suspended the vehicle registrations of more than 4,900 motorists who crossed New York bridges and tunnels without paying tolls, officials told The Post.
Most of the scofflaws have breezed through new cashless tollbooths — and then ignored repeated bills sent by mail.
But the crackdown has some drivers fuming, with one, Jon Kopel, calling it "Governor Cuomo's legalized extortion."
Kopel recently moved from Yonkers to upstate South Fallsburg, and says he never received initial bills for crossing the Tappan Zee and other bridges. He finally received a mailed warning that the DMV would yank his car registration if he didn't pay $960 for 18 tolls plus violation fees, he said.
Kopel says that when he called the bill collectors, they told him, "We're going to give you a break — we'll make it $400 if you pay it now" — so he charged it on his credit card.
"That's some deal, isn't it?" he griped.
Tolling agencies now have sharper teeth. Under state regulations that went into effect in January, the DMV can suspend registrations of car owners who refuse to pay the tolls and steep late fees.
"By the time the DMV is done with them, I think they'll find out the state of New York is not kidding around here," MTA board member Mitchell Pally told The Post.
"Sooner or later we're going to get your money or your registration, so you might as well pay."
To date, the DMV has received 8,262 requests for suspensions from tolling authorities and approved 4,976. Of those, 556 suspensions were sought by the MTA; 499 by the Port Authority, and 3,921 by the Thruway Authority.
The MTA so far has converted seven of its nine city crossings to cashless, with the Throgs Neck and Bronx-Whitestone bridges due in the fall.
The PA's new Bayonne Bridge and the Thruway Authority's Tappan Zee Bridge are also cashless.
That means cars and trucks can whiz through without stopping, which saves time for motorists and improves traffic flow.
Vehicles with E-ZPass are charged as usual, but for those without, cameras on overhead gantries photograph license plates. A contractor for the three tolling authorities mails bills to the registered owners, who are responsible for payment no matter who was driving.
Vehicle owners who ignore two bills in a row are hit with penalty fees of $50 or $100. At the Henry Hudson, one-third of motorists without E-ZPass were scofflaws.
Under the new state regulation, the DMV can suspend the registration of motorists who fail to pay three or more toll violations within five years, or for commercial vehicles fail to pay $200 in tolls within five years.
Out-of-state drivers who cross New York bridges and tunnels without paying may soon face the same fate — the DMV is seeking suspension agreements with other agencies.
"If your car is registered in Connecticut, the DMV would take into account what you did in New York," Pally said.
A BIKER has been caught by police using a James Bond-inspired gadget to conceal his number plate to avoid speed cameras.
Spanish traffic cops pulled over the motorcyclist after they noticed he was riding without a licence plate.
However, on closer inspection, the modified plate was revealed with tech straight from 007's garage.
The Swiss rider had the ability to flip up his number plate at the press of a button to hide the reg from police or cameras.
A similar gadget was famously seen on Sean Connery's Aston Martin DB5 in Goldfinger.
Bond's number plate could spin to change to a different number to avoid being followed or tracked.
This rider didn't quite have the same knack for getting out of trouble as 007, though.
As according to a report on the Catalan police website, using the secret gadget led to the motorcyclist's downfall after cops in Girona noticed the rider didn't have a licence plate.
They pursued and pulled over the motorcyclist before noticing the number plate had bizarrely re-appeared.
After a quick search, officers found the activation switch to move the plate up and down to dodge speed cameras.
Located in the heart of East Yorkshire, Image Registrations offer a fast, friendly and efficient service for buying and selling cherished vehicle registration numbers. Our team of trained staff will professionally handle your transfer as swiftly as possible, with some transfers taking just 24 hours from receipt of documentation. We offer advice without technical 'jargon', and are always competitive on price. Our valuations department can give you an accurate market value on your registration number by post or by e-mail. Del Stanley
As well as having an internet presence, we also regularly advertise in many of the 'National' publications where we offer a selection of registrations owned by us for sale.
THERE are a number of mistakes that can be made on personalised number plates that could see drivers land a £1,000 and also fail their MOT. Here is what they are and how to avoid them.
Illegal number plates could see thousands of Brits face fines and even make them fail their MOT.
Certain personalised number plates have the potential to be costly errors for drivers.
While a personalised number plate can be, to some people, a nice form of expression, they could also be costly.
According to the company, however, 15,000 drivers across the UK have been fined for having an illegal plates over the past three years.
The worst offenders come from London with 3,058 offences clocked while North Wales and Norfolk also totted up over 1,100 each.
This includes plates that did not conform to regulations, cars without a front or back plate or ones with indistinguishable/obscured plates.
It is a legal requirement for a car's numberplate to be clear and legible and failure to meet these criteria can result in £1,000 fine, loss of the personal registration number and/or a failed MOT.
There are other modifications that drivers can also be penalised for.
These include using the wrong colours for the lettering or for the background of the plates.
Number plates should have black characters on a white background at the front of the car and on a yellow background on the back of the car.
Spacing is also crucial and drivers should ensure that the characters on their plate are correctly spaced.
Non-confirming backgrounds or stickers that could interfere with the legibility of a plate are also factors that carry a fine risk.
The standard font used on all number plates is 'Charles Wright' and it is the only one deemed acceptable for motorists to have.
Similarly, the flag on the left hand side of the plate must also be correct.
Acceptable flags include: The EU flag, The Union Jack, The St George Cross, The Scottish Saltire (St Andrew Cross) and The Red Dragon of Wales.
Relevant letters accompanying these flags must be also:
GREAT BRITAIN, Great Britain or GB
UNITED KINGDOM, United Kingdom or UK
ENGLAND, England, ENG, Eng
SCOTLAND, Scotland, SCO or Sco
CYMRU, Cymru, CYM or Cym
WALES or Wales
Failure to comply could also land drivers with a fine and/or MOT failure.
The staff of state Sen. Andy Dinniman's office recently presented him with a historic Pennsylvania Senate license plate from 1933 as a holiday gift.
The plate, which features the number "19S," dates back to the time when Chester County's 19th Senatorial District was represented by the late state Sen. William Hannum Clark, who served from 1927 to 1935.
Clark, born at Doe Run in 1877, attended public schools in West Marlboro Township and the Maple Grove Institute in Delaware County before graduating from Coatesville High School. According to Senate records, he pursued the bonding business and served as superintendent of Chester County Highways, automobile inspector, and register of wills before being elected to the state Senate on Nov. 2, 1926.
Clark, who succeeded T. Lawrence Eyre, served five terms from 1927 to 1935 (at that time Pennsylvania state senators served two-year terms).
"While we may know little about state Sen. Clark, he certainly does seem to have had an interest in cars, as county superintendent of highways and automobile inspector," said Dinniman, D-19. "I thought this was a really neat, unique, and thoughtful gift and want to thank my staff.
"When you have the opportunity and privilege to serve in public office, you join part of a long line of individuals and leaders who stood for and represented the values of your region. This really helps put that into perspective," he added.
Dinniman said his staff came across the historic license plate in an online auction after being alerted to it by his Chester County colleague, state Rep. John Lawrence, R-13, who has an interest in historic automobiles.
Dinniman, a historian, history buff, and professor by trade, serves on the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, is known for his interest in local history and preserving local artifacts associated with his office. The building that houses his office, located at One North Church Street in historic downtown West Chester, has been home to various businesses since the early 1800s. From 1914 to 1947, it was a candy store and confectionary, Marakos Candy Kitchen, and Dinniman has preserved a clock and menu from the store that remains on display.
BRITS splashed the cash on private plates last year to the tune of £111million.
Personalised registrations spelling out names, initials, comedy phrases and car models all proved popular.
And the top five priciest plates netted almost £250,000 between them for the DVLA at auction.
The lucrative sales have generated over £2billion in the last 25 years for the agency.
The most expensive ever was recorded in November 2014 when "25 O" sold to a Ferrari dealer for £518,000.
And the popular "O" series featured twice in 2017's top list with "45 O" and "96 O" both going under the hammer for over £50,000 - one now residing on a white Audi.
But top of the tree in 2017 was "JSK 1", sold for £56,200 at the Cheltenham Chase Hotel auction back in May, and now living on a black Mercedes.
The "812 S" plate sold for £45,500 - most likely to a Ferrari collector or dealer looking to twin it up with the 812 Superfast model launched last year.
"1 HSV" was the fifth priciest plate of 2017 with DVLA records showing it's yet to be registered with a motor.
Plates are sold at auction to buyers looking to add a personal touch to their beloved motors or to plate dealers and investors who stock up on popular registrations.
The 1 CUE cherished Number offers a unique chance to show the world you are at the top of your game' Bruno Morris of Image registrations told us.
Cherished numbers are a great investment and now is the perfect time to start your collection.
T'S happened again – and set a record: Someone paid $745,000 for the numerical NSW plate '29', eclipsing the previous auction record of $689,000 paid for NSW '2' back in 2003.
It also set an Australian auction record for a double-digit number plate, topping the $530,000 paid for the Victorian plate '21' at Shannons Melbourne Winter Auction last July.
Other strong number plate sales were $82,000 paid for NSW '9191' and $35,000 for NSW '85758', taking total sales on the night for the six heritage plates on offer to $956,000.
Classic motorcycles were also hot property, topped by $37,000 paid for an 'as new' 1975 Norton Commando Mk3 850cc with just 29km delivery on its odometer, and a 1950s Austin J40 pedal car sold for $9300.
Other impressive results from the auction included a restored 1964 Porsche 356C Coupe which went for $137,000, a restored 1949 48-215 'FX' Holden which commanded $46,000, a 1962 MGA 1600 sports car fetched $52,000 and a stately and exceptionally low mileage Mercedes-Benz 300B 'Adenauer' limousine first owned by the Victa lawnmower family sold for $50,000.
As well, a superbly-restored 1970 Ford XY Falcon GT sedan sold for $180,000.
Other News:
A shortage of vehicle number plates has hit the Kenyan market, causing a backlog in the clearance of cars at Mombasa port.
The National Transport and Safety Authority (NTSA) attributed the shortage that started two weeks ago to increased registration of cars that has outpaced supply of number plates.
"Demand is far much higher than supply. There are just too many vehicles being imported into the country, especially second-hand cars," NTSA director of registration and licensing.
She added that the supply issue will ease after Kamiti Maximum Security Prison, where the number plates are manually made, increases supply.
The law mandates the prisons department to make the plates.
Official data shows that Kenyans bought 15,858 used vehicles in the first quarter of the year, compared to 14,346 units in a similar period of last year, representing a 10.5 per cent growth.
It is mandatory for imported second hand vehicles to be fitted with number plates before leaving the port.
The country imports about 6,000 second hand cars monthly, according to dealers.
Dealers said that the shortage had hit them hard as they were forced to incur storage charges at the port amid cash flow hiccups due to delays as some had taken loans.
"We are incurring heavy storage charges as the cars are detained at the port despite having paid duty and customs clearance cash in advance," said Charles Munyori, the secretary-general of Kenya Auto Bazaar Association, a lobby for second hand car dealers.
The storage charges are based on the volume of vehicles and the number of days they take at the Mombasa port or at container freight stations.
Industry insiders, however, said the number plate problem normally occurs every time a new registration number comes up as importers delay registration to take advantage of the newest numbers.
In 1963, numbers were running out once again, and an attempt was made to create a national scheme to alleviate the problem. The three letter, up to three number system was kept, but a letter suffix was added, which changed every year. In this scheme, numbers were drawn from the range AAA 1A to YYY 999A for the first year, then AAA 1B to YYY 999B for the second year, and so on. Some areas did not adopt the year letter for the first two years, sticking to their own schemes, but in 1965 adding the year letter was made compulsory. As well as yielding many more available numbers, it was a handy way for vehicle buyers to know the age of the vehicle immediately. At first the year letter changed on 1 January every year, but car retailers started to notice that buyers would tend to wait until the New Year for the new letter to be issued, so that they could get a newer" car. This led to major peaks and troughs in sales over the year, and to help flatten this out somewhat the industry lobbied
A businessman who bought the No.1 limited edition licence plate in Abu Dhabi for Dh31 million has been sentenced to three years in jail for issuing a dud cheque to the organisers.
The Emirati man had bought the special number plate at an auction last year.
The Abu Dhabi Misdemeanour Court handed down the sentence to the Emirati man after he was found guilty of fraud and issuing a bounced cheque.
Abu Dhabi public prosecution had ordered for the detention of the 32-year-old man after organisers of the auction filed a complaint that he issued them a cheque after buying the number plate, even though he didn't have enough balance in his bank account.
Prosecutors had detained the businessman. He was charged with fraud and issuing a bounced cheque.
And during interrogation, the Emirati admitted to giving the cheque to orginisers despite being aware he didn't have sufficient funds in his account, said prosecutors.
"He said he was planning to re-sale the rare number plate at a profit so he could pay the value of the cheque to the organisers and maintain enough balance in his account," said a prosecutor.
Authorities, however, said one can only re-sale a number plate bought in an auction after one has paid the full amount and that any resale before making the payment is considered illegal.
The auction, which generated Dh99 million, was hosted by Emirates Auction in cooperation with Abu Dhabi Police on November 19, 2016 at Emirates Palace hotel to commemorate the Abu Dhabi Government's Golden Jubilee.
And the Emirati beat several bidders for the coveted plate after starting at Dh1 million. The limited-edition golden jubilee plates all featured the number 50 in the top left corner.
Fifty vanity Abu Dhabi number plates were up for grabs at the Emirates Auction event.
The first series of number plates were issued in 1903 and ran until 1932, using the series A 1 to YY 9999. The letter or pair of letters indicated the local authority in whose area the vehicle was registered, for example A - London, B - Lancashire, C - West Riding of Yorkshire. In England and Wales the letter codes were initially allocated in order of population size (by the 1901 census) whilst Scotland and Ireland had their own sequences incorporating the letters S and I respectively, which were allocated alphabetically: IA = Antrim, IB = Armagh, etc. When a licensing authority reached 9999, it was allocated another two letter mark, but there was no pattern to these subsequent allocations as they were allocated on a first come first served basis. There are three interesting anomalies where a zero has been issued - The Lord Provost of Edinburgh has S 0 and his Glasgow counterpart has G 0 while the official car of the Lord Provost of Aberdeen has RG 0. In addition the Lord Mayor of London has the registration LB 0.
Established For Over 25 Years
the Cherished Numbers Guild
Our service
- Free transfer service - your paperwork is handled by our trained team
- Over 25 years expertise - long established and trusted company
- DVLA Recognised Reseller - linked directly from the DVLA website
- DVLA Registered Number Plate Supplier - in line with all DVLA & MOT regulations


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Voyager 2
Voyager 2
|Mission type
|Planetary exploration
|Mission duration
|41 years, 10 months and 6 days elapsed
Planetary mission: 12 years, 1 month, 12 days
Interstellar mission: 29 years, 8 months and 24 days elapsed (continuing)
|Spacecraft properties
|Jet Propulsion Laboratory
|Launch mass
|721.9 kilograms (1,592 lb)
|420 watts
|Start of mission
|Launch date
|August 20, 1977, 14:29:00UTC
|Titan IIIE
|Launch site
|Cape Canaveral LC-41
|Flyby of Jupiter
|Closest approach
|July 9, 1979, 22:29:00 UTC
|570,000 kilometers (350,000 mi)
|Flyby of Saturn
|Closest approach
|August 25, 1981, 03:24:05 UTC
|101,000 km (63,000 mi)
|Flyby of Uranus
|Closest approach
|January 24, 1986, 17:59:47 UTC
|81,500 km (50,600 mi)
|Flyby of Neptune
|Closest approach
|August 25, 1989, 03:56:36 UTC
|4,950 km (3,080 mi)
Voyager 2 is a space probe launched by NASA on August 20, 1977 to study the outer planets. Part of the Voyager program, it was launched 16 days before its twin, Voyager 1, on a trajectory that took longer to reach Jupiter and Saturn but enabled further encounters with Uranus and Neptune.[4] It is the only spacecraft to have ever visited either of the ice giants.
Its primary mission ended with the exploration of the Neptunian system on October 2, 1989, after having visited the Uranian system in 1986, the Saturnian system in 1981, and the Jovian system in 1979. Voyager 2 is now in its extended mission to study the outer reaches of the Solar System and has been operating for 41 years, 10 months and 6 days. It remains in contact through the Deep Space Network.[5]
At a distance of 108 AU (1.62×1010 km) from the Sun as of April 2015,[6] Voyager 2 is one of the most distant human-made objects, along with Voyager 1, Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11. The probe was moving at a velocity of 15.4 km/s (55,000 km/h) relative to the Sun as of December 2014 and is traveling through the heliosheath.[6][7] Upon reaching interstellar space, Voyager 2 is expected to provide the first direct measurements of the density and temperature of the interstellar plasma.[8]
- 1 Mission background
- 2 Mission profile
- 3 Launch and trajectory
- 4 Interstellar mission
- 5 Future of the probe
- 6 Golden record
- 7 See also
- 8 References
- 9 Further reading
- 10 External links
Mission background
In the early 1960s, it was realized that a coincidental alignment of the outer planets would occur in the late 1970s and enable a single probe to visit Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune by taking advantage of the then-new technique of gravity assists. NASA began work on a Grand Tour, which evolved into a massive project involving two groups of two probes each, with one group visiting Jupiter, Saturn, and Pluto and the other Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune. The spacecraft would be designed with redundant systems to ensure survival through the entire tour. By 1972 the mission was scaled back and replaced with two Mariner-derived spacecraft, the Mariner Jupiter-Saturn probes. To keep apparent lifetime program costs low, the mission would include only flybys of Jupiter and Saturn, but keep the Grand Tour option open.[4]:263 As the program progressed, the name was changed to Voyager.[9]
The primary mission of Voyager 1 was to explore Jupiter, Saturn, and Saturn's moon, Titan. Voyager 2 was also to explore Jupiter and Saturn, but on a trajectory that would have option of continuing on to Uranus and Neptune, or being redirected to Titan as a backup for Voyager 1. Upon successful completion of Voyager 1's objectives, Voyager 2 would get a mission extension to send the probe on towards Uranus and Neptune.[4]
Spacecraft design
Constructed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Voyager 2 included 16 hydrazine thrusters, three-axis stabilization, gyroscopes and celestial referencing instruments (Sun sensor/Canopus Star Tracker) to maintain pointing of the high-gain antenna toward Earth. Collectively these instruments are part of the Attitude and Articulation Control Subsystem (AACS) along with redundant units of most instruments and 8 backup thrusters. The spacecraft also included 11 scientific instruments to study celestial objects as it traveled through space.[10]
Built with the intent for eventual interstellar travel, Voyager 2 included a large, 3.7 m (12 ft) parabolic, high-gain antenna (see diagram) to transceive data via the Deep Space Network on the Earth. Communications are conducted over the S-band (about 13 cm wavelength) and X-band (about 3.6 cm wavelength) providing data rates as high as 115.2 kilobits per second at the distance of Jupiter, and then ever-decreasing as the distance increased, because of the inverse-square law. When the spacecraft is unable to communicate with Earth, the Digital Tape Recorder (DTR) can record about 64 megabytes of data for transmission at another time.[11]
The spacecraft was built with 3 Multihundred-Watt radioisotope thermoelectric generators (MHW RTG). Each RTG includes 24 pressed plutonium oxide spheres and provides enough heat to generate approximately 157 watts of power at launch. Collectively, the RTGs supply the spacecraft with 470 watts at launch and will allow operations to continue until at least 2020.[10][12][13]
Scientific instruments
For more details on the Voyager space probes' identical instrument packages, see the separate article on the overall Voyager Program.
|Images of the spacecraft
Media related to the Voyager spacecraft at Wikimedia Commons
Mission profile
|Timeline of travel
Launch and trajectory
The Voyager 2 probe was launched on August 20, 1977, by NASA from Space Launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral, Florida, aboard a Titan IIIE/Centaur launch vehicle. Two weeks later, the twin Voyager 1 probe would be launched on September 5, 1977. However, Voyager 1 would reach both Jupiter and Saturn sooner, as Voyager 2 had been launched into a longer, more circular trajectory.
Voyager 2 launch on August 20, 1977 with a Titan IIIE/Centaur.
Plot of Voyager 2's heliocentric velocity against its distance from the Sun, illustrating the use of gravity assists to accelerate the spacecraft by Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus. To observe Triton, Voyager 2 passed over Neptune's north pole, resulting in an acceleration out of the plane of the ecliptic, and, as a result, a reduced velocity relative to the Sun.[20]
Encounter with Jupiter
The closest approach to Jupiter occurred on July 9, 1979. It came within 570,000 km (350,000 mi) of the planet's cloud tops.[21] It discovered a few rings around Jupiter, as well as volcanic activity on the moon Io.
The Great Red Spot was revealed as a complex storm moving in a counterclockwise direction. An array of other smaller storms and eddies were found throughout the banded clouds.
Discovery of active volcanism on Io was easily the greatest unexpected discovery at Jupiter. It was the first time active volcanoes had been seen on another body in the Solar System. Together, the Voyagers observed the eruption of nine volcanoes on Io, and there is evidence that other eruptions occurred between the two Voyager fly-bys.
The moon Europa displayed a large number of intersecting linear features in the low-resolution photos from Voyager 1. At first, scientists believed the features might be deep cracks, caused by crustal rifting or tectonic processes. The closer high-resolution photos from Voyager 2, however, left scientists puzzled: The features were so lacking in topographic relief that as one scientist described them, they "might have been painted on with a felt marker." Europa is internally active due to tidal heating at a level about one-tenth that of Io. Europa is thought to have a thin crust (less than 30 km (19 mi) thick) of water ice, possibly floating on a 50-kilometer-deep (30 mile) ocean.
Two new, small satellites, Adrastea and Metis, were found orbiting just outside the ring. A third new satellite, Thebe, was discovered between the orbits of Amalthea and Io.
Media related to the Voyager 2 Jupiter encounter at Wikimedia Commons
Encounter with Saturn
The closest approach to Saturn occurred on August 26, 1981.[22]
While passing behind Saturn (as viewed from Earth), Voyager 2 probed Saturn's upper atmosphere with its radio link to gather information on atmospheric temperature and density profiles. Voyager 2 found that at the uppermost pressure levels (seven kilopascals of pressure), Saturn's temperature was 70 kelvins (−203 °C), while at the deepest levels measured (120 kilopascals) the temperature increased to 143 K (−130 °C). The north pole was found to be 10 kelvins cooler, although this may be seasonal (see also Saturn Oppositions).
After the fly-by of Saturn, the camera platform of Voyager 2 locked up briefly, putting plans to officially extend the mission to Uranus and Neptune in jeopardy. The mission's engineers were able to fix the problem (caused by an overuse that temporarily depleted its lubricant), and the Voyager 2 probe was given the go-ahead to explore the Uranian system.
Media related to the Voyager 2 Saturn encounter at Wikimedia Commons
Encounter with Uranus
The closest approach to Uranus occurred on January 24, 1986, when Voyager 2 came within 81,500 kilometers (50,600 mi) of the planet's cloud tops. Voyager 2 also discovered the moons Cordelia, Ophelia, Bianca, Cressida, Desdemona, Juliet, Portia, Rosalind, Belinda, Perdita and Puck; studied the planet's unique atmosphere, caused by its axial tilt of 97.8°; and examined the Uranian ring system.
Uranus is the third largest (Neptune has a larger mass, but a smaller volume) planet in the Solar System. It orbits the Sun at a distance of about 2.8 billion kilometers (1.7 billion miles), and it completes one orbit every 84 Earth years. The length of a day on Uranus as measured by Voyager 2 is 17 hours, 14 minutes. Uranus is unique among the planets in that its axial tilt is about 90°, meaning that its axis is roughly parallel with, not perpendicular to, the plane of the ecliptic. This extremely large tilt of its axis is thought to be the result of a collision between the accumulating planet Uranus with another planet-sized body early in the history of the Solar System. Given the unusual orientation of its axis, with the polar regions of Uranus exposed for periods of many years to either continuous sunlight or darkness, planetary scientists were not at all sure what to expect when observing Uranus.
Voyager 2 found that one of the most striking effects of the sideways orientation of Uranus is the effect on the tail of the planetary magnetic field. This is itself tilted about 60° from the Uranian axis of rotation. The planet's magneto tail was shown to be twisted by the rotation of Uranus into a long corkscrew shape following the planet. The presence of a significant magnetic field for Uranus was not at all known until Voyager's 2 arrival.
The radiation belts of Uranus were found to be of an intensity similar to those of Saturn. The intensity of radiation within the Uranian belts is such that irradiation would "quickly" darken — within 100,000 years — any methane that is trapped in the icy surfaces of the inner moons and ring particles. This kind of darkening might have contributed to the darkened surfaces of the moons and the ring particles, which are almost uniformly dark gray in color.
A high layer of haze was detected around the sunlit pole of Uranus. This area was also found to radiate large amounts of ultraviolet light, a phenomenon that is called "dayglow." The average atmospheric temperature is about 60 K (−350°F/−213°C). Surprisingly, the illuminated and dark poles, and most of the planet, exhibit nearly the same temperatures at the cloud tops.
The Uranian moon Miranda, the innermost of the five large moons, was discovered to be one of the strangest bodies yet seen in the Solar System. Detailed images from Voyager 2's flyby of Miranda showed huge canyons made from geological faults as deep as 20 kilometers (12 mi), terraced layers, and a mixture of old and young surfaces. One hypothesis suggests that Miranda might consist of a reaggregation of material following an earlier event when Miranda was shattered into pieces by a violent impact.
All nine of the previously known Uranian rings were studied by the instruments of Voyager 2. These measurements showed that the Uranian rings are distinctly different from those at Jupiter and Saturn. The Uranian ring system might be relatively young, and it did not form at the same time that Uranus did. The particles that make up the rings might be the remnants of a moon that was broken up by either a high-velocity impact or torn up by tidal effects.
Media related to the Voyager 2 Uranus encounter at Wikimedia Commons
Encounter with Neptune
Voyager 2's closest approach to Neptune occurred on August 25, 1989.[23][24] Because this was the last planet of the Solar System that Voyager 2 could visit, the Chief Project Scientist, his staff members, and the flight controllers decided to also perform a close fly-by of Triton, the larger of Neptune's two originally known moons, so as to gather as much information on Neptune and Triton as possible, regardless of Voyager 2's departure angle from the planet. This was just like the case of Voyager 1's encounters with Saturn and its massive moon Titan.
Through repeated computerized test simulations of trajectories through the Neptunian system conducted in advance, flight controllers determined the best way to route Voyager 2 through the Neptune-Triton system. Since the plane of the orbit of Triton is tilted significantly with respect to the plane of the ecliptic, through mid-course corrections, Voyager 2 was directed into a path several thousand miles over the north pole of Neptune. At that time, Triton was behind and below (south of) Neptune (at an angle of about 25 degrees below the ecliptic), close to the apoapsis of its elliptical orbit. The gravitational pull of Neptune bent the trajectory of Voyager 2 down in the direction of Triton. In less than 24 hours, Voyager 2 traversed the distance between Neptune and Triton, and then observed Triton's northern hemisphere as it passed over its north pole.
The net and final effect on the trajectory of Voyager 2 was to bend its trajectory south below the plane of the ecliptic by about 30 degrees. Voyager 2 is on this path permanently, and hence, it is exploring space south of the plane of the ecliptic, measuring magnetic fields, charged particles, etc., there, and sending the measurements back to the Earth via telemetry.
While in the neighborhood of Neptune, Voyager 2 discovered the "Great Dark Spot", which has since disappeared, according to observations by the Hubble Space Telescope. Originally thought to be a large cloud itself, the "Great Dark Spot" was later hypothesized to be a hole in the visible cloud deck of Neptune.
Neptune's atmosphere consists of hydrogen, helium, and methane. The methane in Neptune's upper atmosphere absorbs the red light from the Sun, but it reflects the blue light from the Sun back into space. This is why Neptune looks blue.
With the decision of the International Astronomical Union to reclassify Pluto as a "dwarf planet" in 2006, the flyby of Neptune by Voyager 2 in 1989 became the point when every known planet in the Solar System had been visited at least once by a space probe.
Media related to the Voyager 2 Neptune encounter at Wikimedia Commons
Interstellar mission
Once its planetary mission was over, Voyager 2 was described as working on an interstellar mission, which NASA is using to find out what the Solar System is like beyond the heliosphere. Voyager 2 is currently transmitting scientific data at about 160 bits per second. Information about continuing telemetry exchanges with Voyager 2 is available from Voyager Weekly Reports.[25]
On November 29, 2006, a telemetered command to Voyager 2 was incorrectly decoded by its on-board computer—in a random error—as a command to turn on the electrical heaters of the spacecraft's magnetometer. These heaters remained turned on until December 4, 2006, and during that time, there was a resulting high temperature above 130 °C (266 °F), significantly higher than the magnetometers were designed to endure, and a sensor rotated away from the correct orientation. As of this date it had not been possible to fully diagnose and correct for the damage caused to Voyager 2's magnetometer, although efforts to do so were proceeding.[26]
On August 30, 2007, Voyager 2 passed the termination shock and then entered into the heliosheath, approximately 1 billion miles (1.6 billion km) closer to the Sun than Voyager 1 did.[27] This is due to the interstellar magnetic field of deep space. The southern hemisphere of the Solar System's heliosphere is being pushed in.[28]
On April 22, 2010, Voyager 2 encountered scientific data format problems.[29] On May 17, 2010, JPL engineers revealed that a flipped bit in an on-board computer had caused the issue, and scheduled a bit reset for May 19.[30]
On May 23, 2010, Voyager 2 resumed sending science data from deep space after engineers fixed the flipped bit.[31] Currently research is being made into marking the area of memory with the flipped bit off limits or disallowing its use. The Low-Energy Charged Particle Instrument is currently operational, and data from this instrument concerning charged particles is being transmitted to Earth. This data permits measurements of the heliosheath and termination shock. There has also been a modification to the on-board flight software to delay turning off the AP Branch 2 backup heater for 1 year. It was scheduled to go off February 2, 2011 (DOY 033, 2011–033).
On July 25, 2012, Voyager 2 was traveling at 15.447 km/s relative to the Sun at about 99.13 astronomical units (1.4830×1010 km) from the Sun,[6] at −55.29° declination and 19.888 h right ascension, and also at an ecliptic latitude of −34.0 degrees, placing it in the constellation Telescopium as observed from Earth.[32] This location places it deep in the scattered disc, and traveling outward at roughly 3.264 AU per year. It is more than twice as far from the Sun as Pluto, and far beyond the perihelion of 90377 Sedna, but not yet beyond the outer limits of the orbit of the dwarf planet Eris.
On September 9, 2012, Voyager 2 was 99.077 AU (1.48217×1010 km; 9.2098×109 mi) from the Earth and 99.504 AU (1.48856×1010 km; 9.2495×109 mi) from the Sun; and traveling at 15.436 km/s (34,530 mph) (relative to the Sun) and traveling outward at about 3.256 AU per year.[33] Sunlight takes 13.73 hours to get to Voyager 2. The brightness of the Sun from the spacecraft is magnitude -16.7.[33] Voyager 2 is heading in the direction of the constellation Telescopium.[33] (To compare, Proxima Centauri, the closest star to the Sun, is about 4.2 light-years (or ×105 AU) distant. Voyager 2's current relative velocity to the Sun is 15.436 km/s (55,570 km/h; 34,530 mph). This calculates as 3.254 AU per year, about 10% slower than Voyager 1. At this velocity, 81,438 years would pass before reaching the nearest star, 2.65Proxima Centauri, were the spacecraft traveling in the direction of that star. Voyager 2 will need about 19,390 years at its current velocity to travel a complete light year.)
On November 7, 2012, Voyager 2 reached 100 AU from the sun, making it the third human made object to reach 100 AU. Voyager 1 was 122 AU from the Sun, and Pioneer 10 is presumed to be at 107 AU. While Pioneer has ceased communications, both of the Voyager spacecraft are performing well and are still communicating.
Future of the probe
Voyager 2 is expected to enter interstellar space within a few months of 2016, and its plasma spectrometer should provide the first direct measurements of the density and temperature of the interstellar plasma.[34]
Voyager 2 is not headed toward any particular star, although in roughly 40,000 years it should pass 1.7 light-years from the star Ross 248.[35] And if undisturbed for 296,000 years, Voyager 2 should pass by the star Sirius at a distance of 4.3 light-years. Voyager 2 is expected to keep transmitting weak radio messages until at least 2025, over 48 years after it was launched.[36]
|End of specific capabilities as a result of the available electrical power limitations[37]
|Terminate scan platform and UV observations
|Termination of Digital Tape Recorder (DTR) operations (It was no longer needed due to a failure on the High Waveform Receiver on the Plasma Wave Subsystem (PWS) on June 30, 2002.[38])
|Power off Planetary Radio Astronomy Experiment (PRA)
|2016 approx
|Termination of gyroscopic operations
|2020 approx
|Initiate instrument power sharing
|2025 or slightly afterwards
|Can no longer power any single instrument
Golden record
Each Voyager space probe carries a gold-plated audio-visual disc in the event that either spacecraft is ever found by intelligent life-forms from other planetary systems.[39] The discs carry photos of the Earth and its lifeforms, a range of scientific information, spoken greetings from the people (e.g. the Secretary-General of the United Nations and the President of the United States, and the children of the Planet Earth) and a medley, "Sounds of Earth", that includes the sounds of whales, a baby crying, waves breaking on a shore, and a collection of music, including works by Mozart, Blind Willie Johnson, Chuck Berry's "Johnny B. Goode", Valya Balkanska and other Eastern and Western classics and ethnic performers.[40]
See also
- Family Portrait (Voyager)
- List of artificial objects escaping from the Solar System
- New Horizons
- Pioneer 10
- Pioneer 11
- Voyager 1
- Timeline of artificial satellites and space probes
- ↑ "VOYAGER:Mission Information". NASA. 1989. Retrieved January 2, 2011.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Voyager 2". US National Space Science Data Center. Retrieved 25 August 2013.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "VOYAGER 2". N2YO. Retrieved 25 August 2013.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Butrica, Andrew. From Engineering Science to Big Science. p. 267. Retrieved 2015-09-04.
Despite the name change, Voyager remained in many ways the Grand Tour concept, though certainly not the Grand Tour (TOPS) spacecraft. Voyager 2 was launched on August 20, 1977, followed by Voyager 1 on September 5, 1977. The decision to reverse the order of launch had to do with keeping open the possibility of carrying out the Grand Tour mission to Uranus, Neptune, and beyond. Voyager 2, if boosted by the maximum performance from the Titan-Centaur, could just barely catch the old Grand Tour trajectory and encounter Uranus. Two weeks later, Voyager 1 would leave on an easier and much faster trajectory, visiting Jupiter and Saturn only. Voyager 1 would arrive at Jupiter four months ahead of Voyager 2, then arrive at Saturn nine months earlier. Hence, the second spacecraft launched was Voyager 1, not Voyager 2. The two Voyagers would arrive at Saturn nine months apart, so that if Voyager 1 failed to achieve its Saturn objectives, for whatever reason, Voyager 2 still could be retargeted to achieve them, though at the expense of any subsequent Uranus or Neptune encounter.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ NASA Voyager - The Interstellar Mission Mission Overview
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Staff (September 9, 2012). "Where are the Voyagers?". NASA. Retrieved September 9, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Voyager Mission: Weekly Reports of 26 December 2014".<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "At last, Voyager 1 slips into interstellar space – Atom & Cosmos". Science News. 2013-09-12. Retrieved 2013-09-17.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Planetary Voyage NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory – California Institute of Technology. March 23, 2004. Retrieved April 8, 2007.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 "VOYAGER 2:Host Information". NASA. 1989. Retrieved January 2, 2011.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "NASA News Press Kit 77-136". JPL/NASA. Retrieved December 15, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Voyager 2 Craft Details". NASA-NSSDC-Spacecraft-Details. NASA. Retrieved March 9, 2011.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Furlong, Richard R.; Wahlquist, Earl J. (1999). "U.S. space missions using radioisotope power systems" (PDF). Nuclear News. 42 (4): 26–34. Retrieved January 2, 2011.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ NASA/JPL (August 26, 2003). "Voyager 1 Narrow Angle Camera Description". NASA / PDS. Retrieved January 17, 2011.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ NASA/JPL (August 26, 2003). "Voyager 1 Wide Angle Camera Description". NASA / PDS. Retrieved January 17, 2011.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Voyager 2 Full Mission Timeline" Muller, Daniel, 2010
- ↑ "Voyager Mission Description" NASA, February 19, 1997
- ↑ "JPL Mission Information" NASA, JPL, PDS.
- ↑ Sullivant, Rosemary (November 5, 2011). "Voyager 2 to Switch to Backup Thruster Set". JPL. 2011-341.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Basics of space flight: Interplanetary Trajectories
- ↑ "Voyager 2, July 9, 1979"
- ↑ Nasa
- ↑ "Voyager – Fact Sheet". Retrieved August 28, 2009.
Following Voyager 2's closest approach to Neptune on August 25, 1989<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Nardo 2002, p. 15
- ↑ "Voyager Weekly Reports". Voyager.jpl.nasa.gov. 2013-09-06. Retrieved 2013-09-14.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Notes on Voyager 2 Quick Look Data: Data after November 29, 2006
- ↑ Voyager 2 Proves Solar System Is Squashed NASA.gov #2007-12-10
- ↑ Voyager 2 finds solar system's shape is 'dented' # 2007-12-10, Week Ending December 14, 2007. Retrieved December 12, 2007.
- ↑ John Antczak (May 6, 2010). "NASA working on Voyager 2 data problem". Associated Press.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Engineers Diagnosing Voyager 2 Data System". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved May 17, 2010.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "NASA Fixes Bug On Voyager 2". Retrieved May 25, 2010.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Peat, Chris. "Spacecraft escaping the Solar System". Heavens Above. Retrieved May 23, 2010.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ 33.0 33.1 33.2 Peat, Chris (September 9, 2012). "Spacecraft escaping the Solar System". Heavens-Above. Retrieved September 9, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "At last, Voyager 1 slips into interstellar space – Atom & Cosmos". Science News. 2013-09-12. Retrieved 2013-09-17.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Voyager – Mission – Interstellar Mission". NASA. June 22, 2007. Retrieved August 14, 2013.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Voyager – Spacecraft – Spacecraft Lifetime". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. March 15, 2008. Retrieved May 25, 2008.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ http://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/spacecraft/spacecraftlife.html
- ↑ "Voyager – Interstellar Science". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. December 1, 2009. Retrieved December 2, 2009.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Ferris, Timothy (May 2012). "Timothy Ferris on Voyagers' Never-Ending Journey". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 15 June 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Voyager Golden record". JPL. Retrieved 18 August 2013.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
Further reading
- "Saturn Science Results". Voyager Science Results at Saturn. Retrieved February 8, 2005.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- "Uranus Science Results". Voyager Science Results at Uranus. Retrieved February 8, 2005.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Nardo, Don (2002). Neptune. Thomson Gale. ISBN 0-7377-1001-2
- JPL Voyager Telecom Manual
External links
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
- NASA Voyager website
- Voyager Spacecraft Lifetime
- Voyager 2 Mission Profile by NASA's Solar System Exploration
- Voyager 2 (NSSDC Master Catalog)
- Spacecraft Escaping the Solar System – current positions and diagrams
- Mission state
- Voyager 2 Detects Odd Shape of Solar System's Edge May 23, 2006
- Voyager 2 software faults at launch, 1977 Aug 20 10:29
- Articles needing additional references from August 2011
- Radio frequency propagation
- Voyager program
- Missions to Jupiter
- Missions to Saturn
- Missions to Uranus
- Missions to Neptune
- Space probes
- Spacecraft escaping the Solar System
- 1977 in spaceflight
- 1977 in the United States
- 1977 robots
- Nuclear-powered robots
- Spacecraft launched by Titan rockets
- NASA space probes
- Spacecraft launched in 1977


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Company that produces exclusively for hairdressers
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COLORS CHARMING GOLD: Fruit of the most advanced scientific research , the new complex microemulsion GOLD SHINE KOMPLEX acts in synergy with the emollient cream base , giving a high gloss and gloss effect extremely natural . Furthermore, its innovative formula contains fitocheratine that bind to the hair reinstating constituents that give strength and volume while protecting color vibrancy . Shades available in 80 shades in the series : NATURAL ASH GOLD , COPPER , MAHOGANY , RED and ULTRASCHIARENTI . way of use: CHARMING GOLD mixes with the oxidant cream OXILINE from 20/30 volume ratio of 1:1 ? . Because of the great performance of the tube , it is recommended , ? dose of color (50 ml) +75 ml of oxidant cream . Series ultraschiarente 1:3. Exposure time 30 minutes, 45 for the series ultraschiarente .
ADVANCED BEAUTY COLOR . And the maximum expression of technology applied to staining with an innovative formulation , polymers with reflective results of naturalness , cover and incredible transparency ; with the highest degree of protection and nourishment of the hair fiber thanks to the contribution of Silk Proteins . Shades available in 36 shades in the series NATURAL ASH , GILT , MAHOGANY , RED FANTASY . way of use: mixing 1:1 and ? ( eg 50 ml cream 75 ml of dye and oxidant ) . Add one packet of fluid Cosmetics Silk Effect (contained inside of the case ) to enhance the cosmeticita product . Container: 100 ml tube .
VANITY COLOR cosmetic cream for hair - without ammonia. VANITY COLOR cosmetic highlighters makes the hair a tone on tone color , brilliant, long-lasting and very natural . Not because clears ammonia-free , ensures excellent coverage of white hair , gives the hair amazing shine and brightness . Shades available in 28 shades in the natural , ASH , GOLD , COPPER , MAHOGANY , RED . way of use: COLOR VANITY is mixed with the oxidant cream Oxiline 20/30/40 volume ratio of 1:1 ? with exposure time of 35-40 minutes. We recommend the use of Oxiline 20 volumes to highlight the power of coverage, Oxiline 30 volumes (eventually 40 volumes ) to increase the power schiarente.confezione : 100 ml tube .
FLOWERY Perfumed OIL HAIR COLOR coloring delicate and fragrant oil without ammonia. FLOWERY represents a new milestone in the world of color so as to turn it into a real beauty treatment . Its rich formula of natural substances such as organic Jojoba Oil , extracted trace elements in spa water and microproteins Wheat , guarantee results in protection , nourishment and beauty of true natural colors . Scented and no Ammonia, transforms the appointment of color in a true moment of relaxation. Its action in oil gel and leaves hair soft and silky , without giving the impression of being dyed, for a true natural beauty. Shades available in the series NATURAL ASH , GILT , MAHOGANY , RED . With FLOWERY Personal Color, and can customize the color , making it unique . 5 bright colors biodegradable to get incredible results : BLUE , PURPLE , RED , YELLOW , ORANGE . Innovative formula designed to be mixed not only with FLOWERY , but also with the other colors in both gel cream , becoming an integral part of the formulation and , therefore , the final result. way of using the method of application is very simple. By following a few basic rules you will get results that are technically perfect and impressive , even on hairstyles usually considered to be very diffi cult to treat. The gel dye must be used in the ratio of : 1 part oil + 1 part activator FLOWERY (eg. 50 ml of oil dye + 50 ml of Activator FLOWERY 20-30-40 volumes depending on the result to be obtained ) . CUSTOM COLOR . Container: 150 ml bottle with dropper . DEVELOPERS HIGH STABILITY packaging: 1000 ml bottle . Perfumed ILO package : 50 ml vial .
NATURELLE cosmetic natural color . NATURELLE offers a philosophy of innovative and natural coloring . It formulated without ammonia and is enriched with extracts of green tea and olive leaf , for an effective antioxidant . Ensures a particularly cosmetic coloring . By virtue of its conditioning properties , it leaves the hair soft and highly polished ; has no odor , nor during the application of it during the time of installation. Its activator does not attack the hair fiber . It can be used to cover the first gray hair , to change color naturally, without too lighten your natural base , maximum 1 tone , to revive the reflections between two services to staining. Shades available in 28 shades and natural lightening in the new formula . Package : dye : 50 ml bottle Activator : 50 ml bottle
Company that produces exclusively for hairdressers
Via Leini, 138/140
10036 Settimo Torinese - Torino - Italy
Tel. +39 011 8015801 Fax: 011 8007495


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The visit had been a nightmare. After six days of feeling as if she'd done nothing but wait on their guests, Annie was fed up. She looked on in dismay as most of their precious and dwindling supply of gourmet foods and expensive wines were consumed without asking. The water tank was almost empty, and they had to run the engine continuously to charge the batteries and keep up with the power demand.
For some reason, their guests seemed to think and act as if they were on a Carnival cruise ship. Fortunately, they never actually did the naked limbo on the foredeck, as they threatened. Annie and Bill had felt nothing but stress since the day their one-time dear friends came aboard to sail with them for a week in the Bahamas.
What went wrong? They had been their best friends when they were back in the old neighborhood before they started cruising. Could they really be the same people they spent every Friday night with for all those years?
As they lay in their berth, relieved to be alone for a moment, Bill whispered to Annie, "Perhaps we could just push them overboard tomorrow and claim it was a terrible tragedy. Tell everyone that they didn't duck for the boom, and wham-o, right in the drink ... What do you think?"
Annie agreed that would be nice but reminded him that they were godparents to their horrible children and would probably end up having to care for them. They'd just have to get through the last day and somehow manage to get them back to the airport without killing them, however tempting it might be.
So, what went wrong? Why did Annie and Bill end up hating their best friends, and was there a way to prevent this? Although Annie and Bill aren't real characters, they do represent the frustration and some of the real-life situations that other cruisers we've met have experienced with their guests.
It's not always easy for people to get along in the close quarters of a boat. In life on land, the time you spend with your friends is usually just a few hours in a row. To suddenly have them with you 24 hours a day and just a few feet away is a whole different ball game. Having consideration of others is put to an all-time test.
Expectations of the trip must be realistic by both parties. A frank and open discussion between everyone regarding what to expect is the first order of business when planning the visit. Talk about the duties and responsibilities of each person. It's certainly not a hotel or charter company that youre running, so be sure to remind your guests that flexibility is extremely important when traveling by boat. Depending on the weather, schedules and destinations are subject to change. And remember to discuss how expenses will be handled.
Larry thinks that having guests can have its advantages.
There are many things about being a guest on a boat that differ from being a house guest. Your visitor needs to be aware of these differences; so unless you tell them, they will never know. For instance, the amount of fresh water used for showering or washing dishes in someone's house would probably never be given a second thought. When cruising, however, water is precious and must be conserved. You need to show or tell the guest exactly how much water is reasonable to use for a particular task. Aboard Safari, for instance, we consume under a gallon of water each time we shower. (Hard to imagine this is enough to do the job, but it isno one downwind has yet to complain about us smelling bad.)
First-time sailors will need direction on the use of boat power. Power consumed on a boat has to be replaced. If a light is inadvertently left on, the full battery bank could be run down. Without power management by everyone aboard, you could find yourself unable to start the engine, or possibly without navigational electronics when needed.
Then there's the head, always an intimidating experience for the first-time user. Make clear the correct operating procedures of this often temperamental deviceits in everyones interest. Malfunction could lead to some highly undesirable consequences, the least of which would be having to use a bucket for the rest of the trip.
Entertaining on board Safari with a cockpit full of friends, great food and wine, all in a beautiful, serene setting makes for great memories from the cruising life.
Yes, Sue and I have enjoyed many great visits on Safari, but we've also had not-so-good ones. In looking back, we realized the not-so-good situations were really our fault. We didn't fully communicate to our friends before they came and when they were aboard about all the unique situations of living on a boat.
Time spent with our guests aboard is special to us. Sue and I love our lifestyle and we want to share it with our friends and family. We look forward to every visit. Now we're learning as we go on how to make these visits great experiences for everyone. As a road map (and to lessen the chance of a mysterious man-overboard situation on Safari), weve come up with these two checklists: one for us and one for our guests. We hope that one day you'll find these handy, whether you're the host or the guest. And if youre the latter, just always remember to duck for the boom.
If Youre the Host
Plan the length of your guest's visit for a reasonable amount of time. You'll soon learn what that amount of time is for you.
Don't plan long voyages with new guests. Stick to short hops, allowing plenty of time for shore-side activities.
Let your guests know in advance if you have budgetary restraints on shore-side entertainment. Some guests may expect to eat out every night.
Set up a schedule to share in the daily chores such as cooking and washing up. This way your guests can truly relax when it's not their time to perform any duties.
Show your guests where snacks and drinks, etc., are kept and encourage them to help themselves. This will ensure that you're not always waiting on them.
If you want your guests to share expenses, discuss this in advance so there are no surprises.
Go over using water and power systems with your guests. Make sure they understand how to operate them and are familiar with any usage limits.
Show each guest individually how to properly operate the head.
Prepare a safety checklist showing the location of all safety equipment aboard, and make sure your guests understand how to use all of it.
If Youre the Guest
You may be on vacation but remember this is your host's home and lifestyle.
Remember to have a flexible schedule whenever possible due to weather. You dont want to put pressure on the captain to meet time constraints that will place everyone in a risky situation.
If you'd like to bring a gift, forget the knickknacks and decorative items. (It may have been hard enough for your hosts to decide what little they could bring from their house to begin with.) Some nice wine or gourmet food items that will keep well will always be appreciated.
Of course, only bring a duffel (one bag per person); dont expect drawers or closets. Naturally, bring soft-soled shoes only, and remember this is the casual cruising life: No need for fancy dress-up clothes.
Most cruisers go to bed early (even at 8 pm). After a night or two of staying up late with you, expect them to retire early. Bring along a good book for yourself.
To give your hosts some privacy, insist on going ashore or off in the dinghy on your own for a while each day. This will make everyone's time spent together more enjoyable.
Ask if there are any maintenance or special projects you can do. Since maintenance is a daily occurrence on a boat, offer to polish the stainless or scrub the deck for your host. This will be genuinely appreciated, and may ensure a return invitation.
Expect to share the cooking and cleaning duties.
Offer to share expenses of the trip (food, fuel, dockage, etc.).
Obviously, communication with the outside world may be impossible at times (your cell phone may be out of range and there may be no phones where you anchor), so dont expect it.
Don't even consider asking if you can bring your pet along. And if you're allergic to cats or dogs, check and see if your hosts have such pets on board. (Sue's sister slept on deck for a week due to her allergy to our cats.)
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Michele Bachmann was the first female to throw her hat in the ring for the 2012 presidential race, but she's the farthest thing from a feminist. The Minnesota congresswoman has vowed to end abortion, promised to defund Planned Parenthood, and introduced a law in the House of Representatives that would force women to listen to the fetal heartbeat before having an abortion.
This week Bachmann continued to show that she has no "girl power."
In a radio interview with Sean Hannity promoting her new book, the GOP presidential candidate said that it's unacceptable for girls to ask boys to the prom.
Bachmann: People do find out [in my book] that I did not get asked to my senior prom.
Hannity: Well, neither did I. And nobody would go with me.
Bachmann: Well, in my time, girls didn't ask boys to prom. If you didn't get asked, you didn't go.
Hannity: Yeah, well let me tell you, I have a 13-year-old son. Those days have changed big time.
Bachmann: Our girls are not allowed to do that in our house. They have to wait for the boys to call.
Come on Bachmann! We're no longer living in the dark ages. Today, women are acing math exams, playing sports, supporting their families. They're the CEOs of companies and some, like you, are even running for president. Shouldn't they be able to ask a boy to the silly prom?
Any women out there who asked a boy to the prom? Any boys get asked by a girl?
Listen here:


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The Low Voltage Surge Suppressor Section, part of the NEMA Building Equipment Division, develops product standards and advocates technical and industry positions.
The product links to the left provide the following information for specific products as well as this product area:
Scope (Excerpt)
1. For low-voltage power, control and communications systems.
Click here for detailed
product scope information.
Section activities focus on these products:
Technical Activities
Standards play a vital part in the design, production, and distribution of products destined for both national and international commerce. Sound technical standards benefit the user, as well as the manufacturer, by improving safety, bringing about economies in product, eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturer and purchaser, and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining the proper product for his particular need.
NEMA devotes much of its time, effort, and resources to voluntary standardization activities. NEMA standards are offered and recommended to become American National Standards under the procedures of the American National Standards Institute. This decision rests with the particular subdivision or subdivisions concerned. It is the intent of the association to continue its support of these, and many more, activities as the best method to continue providing sound and safe electrical products for the use of all.
Relevant Standards and Publications:
Standards and publications relevant to the Low Voltage Surge Protective Devices Section include:
Key technical activities include:
· Publication and maintenance of relevant NEMA standards.
· Maintaining active liaison relationship with UL, and participate in the maintenance activity for UL Standard 1449, Transient Voltage Surge Suppressors.
· Maintaining active involvement in the National Electrical Code® revision process.
· Funding the TAG Administrator function for USNC involvement in IEC/SC 37A, Low-voltage surge protective devices; and IEC/SC 37B, Specific components for surge arresters and surge protective devices
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
· The Low Voltage Surge Protective Devices Section is involved in IEC activities. Subcommittee 37A, Low-voltage surge protective devices, is responsible for international standards for low voltage surge protective devices (SPDs) and for information on their selection and application.
· Subcommittee 37B, Specific components for surge arresters and surge protective devices, is responsible for international standards for components used in SPDs. These SPDs are used in power, telecommunication and/or signaling networks with voltages up to 1000 V a.c. and 1500 V d.c. Currently, the United States National Committee (USNC) to the IEC holds the Secretariat for SC 37B. The Section sponsors the funding of NEMA staff to fulfill the Secretarial responsibilities.
· The United States National Committee (USNC) is represented on SC 37A and SC 37B and NEMA members provide expert representation on multiple project teams.
· NEMA holds the function of Administrator for the USNC Technical Advisory Group (TAG) to SC 37A and SC 37B. These TAGs are the mechanism for establishing U.S. positions on the committees' standardization actions.
The point of contact for technical activities is
Muhammad Ali, Program Manager, at 703- 841-3288.
Government Affairs
Through NEMA, the section develops industry positions on legislative and regulatory initiatives that may affect member products, markets, and customers. NEMA's work has resulted in contributions to public policy development and in promoting competitiveness, technological progress, and public safety. On the Government Affairs homepage members can search for and e-mail federal representatives to convey opinions regarding energy policy or other issues related to the electroindustry.
NEMA Government Affairs provides specific services to its members and information in the areas of
Environment, Health & Safety;
Energy; and
International Trade & Commerce.
Market Economics
Through NEMA, member companies are able to develop and implement tailored, industry-specific market and statistical programs that benefit participating companies. Reports may include:
The association also conducts economic analyses on the impact of legislation and regulations on member products, and monitors and reports on key industry market indicators. All programs comply with NEMA statistical confidentiality policies. For more information, please see
Business & Economy.
Membership in NEMA is open to any firm actively engaged in the manufacture in North America of a product within the NEMA scope and for sale in the open market. Membership of foreign firms is subject to product section policies and NEMA Board of Governors approval.
NEMA operates on a fee-for-service basis. Each product section establishes its projects and activities and approves an annual operating budget. Visit
Joining NEMA for more information on membership.


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Helmet Cleaner & Deodorizer 4oz
Helmet Fresh Cleans & Deodorizes helmets, hats, camping gear, ect. Unique product eliminates odor at its source by killing the organi...$7.99
And we can't wait to show you how it's done!
Get notified of sales, clearance items, new products, news, and more!
Click Here »
Save on shipping! Will Call is available at our Southern California headquarters.


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Home > Prescription Glasses > Tom Ford > FT5304 (001)
FT 5304 is available in 1 additional attractive style
Size and availability
Free outbound and return shipping
30-day money-back guarantee
Low prices
Free outbound and return shipping
30-day money-back guarantee
Low prices
FT5304/001 Eyewear
With these designer eyeglasses, you are always perfectly dressed. Would another colour not be a better match for your favourite outfit? Check also the other styles of FT5304in our 2018, and 2019 Tom Ford range.
With no frills and state-of-the-art materials and craftsmanship, these men's glasses stand for stylish design and self-confidence. Wearing full rim eyewear, you make it unmistakably clear that you are going the whole hog. The square frame is a classical shape, highlighting the straightforwardness of the personality. Plastic is a very lightweight and flexible material. This ensures a long life and a high level of comfort. Black is one of the undisputed classics. It can be combined with any outfit and simultaneously radiates elegance and naturalness.
Moreover, we can also provide you with the correct prescription lenses at an incredibly low price. The only thing you need to provide us with are your current dioptre values determined by your ophthalmologist. Together with our digital dispensing optician, you can choose between reasonably priced brand lenses from Germany or premium brands such as Seiko, Hoya and Rodenstock. Edel-Optics' plastic lenses have many features such as anti-reflection coating, lotus effect, cleaning coating, antistatic and hard coating at no extra charge.
In our online shop we have consistently low prices. You won't get FT5304 at such a low price, not even in the sale.
Don't hesitate to call us at
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|Telikin, the all in one touch screen computer
Telikin, the easy to use, all in one, touch screen computer will now be available to Senior Net members and affiliates at a special discount price during the holiday season! Find out why thousands of seniors love Telikin! Telikin integrates popular features such as videochat with integrated Skype, easy photo sharing with an integrated facebook application, email, contacts, weather, news, full web browser, word processing, built in video help and more, in a sleek, linux based, virus free system! With a large monitor, intuitive interface, easy menu of popular features, and extensive customer support, Telikin helps people stay connected to their families, friends and the world. With Telikin VIP Support we help you connect to the internet, setup accounts for email, video chat, facebook, and more.
This special offer is only available through Telikin sales associates. Whether you're looking for special gift for mom or dad or want to treat yourself, call 1- 800-721-8036 to order your Telikin today!


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When Luther was summoned to the Reichstag (diet) of Worms, his sovereign prince obtained from the Emperor free passage for him. The man knew why he was doing this. At this diet the Emperor, as expected, imposed the Ban of the Empire upon Luther. Thus he was oulawed, and everybody was free to kill him whenever they got hold of him. This way Church and Emperor hoped to get rid of him once and for all.
And, as fate demanded, on his journey home Luther was attacked by a mob of highwaymen, as it seemed, and abducted to Wartburg Castle.
Frederick the Wise, Elector of Saxony, found himself in a difficult situation. Being a subject to his emperor he certainly could not officially an outlaw, on the other side however, he was prepared to patronize his ablest theologian. So he ordered his own men to obduct Luther, lest anybody else was doing this.
And yes, this is a mini version of Wartburg Castle.
(Pics = links)


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Smooth Streaming
WindowsThis is a Microsoft Supported Download | Works With: IIS 7, IIS 7.5, IIS 8
OverviewIIS Media Services extension, enables adaptive streaming of media to Silverlight and other clients over HTTP. Smooth Streaming provides a high-quality viewing experience that scales massively on content distribution networks, making true HD 1080p media experiences a reality.
Smooth Streaming is the productized version of technology first used by Microsoft to deliver on-demand video of the 2008 Summer Olympics for NBCOlympics.com. By dynamically monitoring local bandwidth and video rendering performance, Smooth Streaming optimizes content playback by switching video quality in real-time.
Viewers with high bandwidth connections and modern computers can experience full HD 1080p quality streaming, while others with lower bandwidth or older computers receive an appropriate stream for their capabilities. The end result is simple: viewers across the board enjoy a compelling, uninterrupted streaming experience that leads to extended audience engagement and increased revenue opportunities.
Smooth Streaming uses the simple but powerful concept of delivering small content fragments (typically 2 seconds worth of video) and verifying that each has arrived within the appropriate time and played back at the expected quality level. If one fragment doesn't meet these requirements, the next fragment delivered will be at a somewhat lower quality level. Conversely, when conditions allow it, the quality of subsequent fragments will be at a higher level.
To create Smooth Streaming presentations, the same source content is encoded at several quality levels, typically with each level in its own complete file, using a compression tool such as Expression Encoder or a product from one of our many partners. Content is delivered using a Smooth Streaming-enabled IIS origin server. After the IIS origin server receives a request for media, it will dynamically create cacheable virtual fragments from the video files and deliver the best content possible to each client. The benefit of this virtual fragment approach is that the content owner can manage complete files rather than thousands of pre-segmented content files.
Smooth Streaming provides media companies with a better way to make full HD on the web a reality. It offers code-free deployment and simplified content management for content creators and content delivery networks. For content viewers, the improved video viewing experience brings the reliability and quality of HD television to their favorite video websites.
To see Smooth Streaming in action, check out the Experience Smooth Streaming page, where you can simulate different bandwidths and see how Smooth Streaming responds. To learn more, download Smooth Streaming from the links at the top right of this page, and read the Smooth Streaming Technical Overview or the Smooth Streaming Deployment Guide.


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By Studio HVN
Eclipse Collection | 2017
Nepal Highland Wool and Cotton
Dimension (WxDxH):
300 in Diameter x 2H (cm)
117 in Diameter x 0.78H (in)
Price Available Upon Request
The earliest records of a solar and lunar eclipse in ancient Chinese history date from 2165 – 1137 BC. The Moon is a symbol in Chinese philosophy and arts rather than simply a planet in traditional Chinese culture. From ancient myth Chang'e to Poets from Tang & Song dynasty, the Sun and the Moon together become a pair symbol of Yin & Yang philosophy.
Studio HVN "Eclipse" rug design for TAN was inspired by solar and lunar eclipse. The design creates an eclipse of two rugs seemingly overlapping each other made in three different shapes and colors. Each piece is an eclipse in a different stage of being, representing from early losses to total eclipse. The collection together represents the gradual happening of one full eclipse.
The products are handmade in Nepal by skilled craftsman over a time period of four months. Through a process of spinning yarn from Nepalese wool, dying the fibers, and hand knotting, the rugs are slowly made to high quality interior products.


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Loyola at a Glance
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Contemporary feminism on display at Loyola
November 12, 2010
Loyola University New Orleans will welcome Nona Willis Aronowitz, author of "Girldrive: Criss-Crossing America, Redefining Feminism," to speak on her contemporary look at feminism.
The talk, sponsored by the Women's Resource Center, is free and open to the public and will take place on Thursday, Nov. 18, at 7 p.m., in the Audubon Room, located in the Danna Student Center.
"Girldrive" is based on Aronowitz and photographer Emma Bee Bernstein's road-trip across the country where they interviewed hundreds of women, including some Loyola alumnae, on what motivates them and how they define and relate to feminism.
Following the event, there will be a book signing, with copies of "Girldrive" available for purchase.
"Nona is a smart, dynamic, and creative person whose sense of adventure is an inspiration. Her presentation promises to be engaging for women and men of all ages." said Karen Reichard, Ph.D., director of Loyola's Women's Resource Center.
Following Aronowitz's talk, Loyola will host a panel to further discuss modern-day feminism. The panel will include the three Loyola alumnae who were interviewed by Aronowitz.
In conjunction with her visit to Loyola, the Women's Initiative Organization will be placing boxes around campus asking people to share their thoughts about feminism.
Aronowitz, a 25-year-old journalist and culture critic, has written for many publications including The Nation, The Chicago Tribune and Slate and is a blogger for Girl-drive.com and other feminist blogs.
For more information on Aronowitz's visit to Loyola, contact Reichard at 504-864-7881 or email@example.com.
For the latest updates about Loyola University New Orleans, follow us on Twitter @LoyolaNOLANews or become a fan on Facebook at www.facebook.com/loyno.
Loyola at a Glance is written and distributed for the faculty, staff, students and friends of Loyola University New Orleans. It is published by the Office of Public Affairs, Greenville Hall, Box 909, 7214 St. Charles Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70118. (504) 861-5888.
Information to be included in Loyola at a Glance must be received 2-3 weeks in advance of the publication date. Send us your news here.


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Cooking some healthy veggies? Cover the pot with this adorable new steamer from Gamago, and the steam will rise up through the chimney. Super cute, right?
The cover is 8 inches in diameter, costs $10, and is totally safe for the microwave and dishwasher.If you think you don't like brussels sprouts, maybe try them with an extra dose of whimsy. [Gamago]