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It is feared that the UK could face a "Blindness epidemic", the Daily Express has claimed today. The newspaper has reported that Britain faces a sight loss epidemic, caused by progressive eye conditions, that is being grossly underestimated by the NHS.
The story is based on research that estimates the number of people affected by advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD). AMD affects the part of the retina at the back of the eye that is responsible for central vision. It is the most common cause of age-related sight loss in the developed world. AMD is thought to affect half of the 370,000 people registered as blind or partially sighted in the UK.
The study estimates that the current UK prevalence of late stage AMD is actually 2.4% of the adult population (513,000 cases) and that this figure is set to rise by one-third over the next decade, totalling nearly 700,000 cases by 2020.
AMD is a progressive condition that causes loss of vision and leads to loss of independence. Therefore, it is important to have an accurate estimate of projected numbers who have, or will develop, this disorder. While estimates provided by this research are higher than previous ones, they do not represent an 'epidemic' or an increase in cases of the disorder per se. Indeed, the risk of AMD increases sharply with age and the principal reason for the projected increase in cases by 2020 is the growing proportion of elderly people in the UK population.
Where did the story come from?
The study was carried out by researchers from the University of London and was funded by the Macular Diseases Society. A spokesperson for the society reportedly called for the government to give AMD a higher priority.
The study was published in the peer-reviewed British Journal of Opthalmology. It was generally covered accurately in the papers, aside from the Daily Express' alarmist headline predicting a forthcoming 'blindness epidemic'.
What kind of research was this?
Age-related macular degeneration affects the macula, a highly sensitive part of the retina at the back of the eye that is responsible for central vision. As the name implies, the condition is associated with ageing, and it is a leading cause of visual impairment among the elderly. As AMD progresses a person will gradually lose the ability to see things in their central field of vision, which is needed for important activities, such as reading, writing and driving. There are two different types of the disease: dry AMD and wet AMD (also called neovascular AMD or NVAMD). Wet AMD involves the formation of new blood vessels.
Dry AMD, the most common form, is associated with a gradual breakdown of the cells in the retina. Dry AMD is usually subdivided into early and late stages. In early-stage dry AMD there may be a few characteristic yellow deposits (known as drusen) under the retina, but there is minimal effect on vision. In advanced or later-stage dry AMD, there will be both drusen deposits and breakdown (atrophy) of the retinal cells.
This later-stage dry AMD is sometimes called 'geographical atrophy' and is associated with gradual loss of vision.
A small proportion of those with dry AMD will go on to develop wet AMD. This is where new and abnormal blood vessels start to grow in an attempt to re-supply the damaged retina with oxygen and nutrients. These vessels are fragile and can leak blood and fluid, causing more sudden and rapid loss of vision than dry AMD.
While little can be done to prevent the progression of dry AMD, the blood vessel growth of wet AMD is usually treated by laser, photodynamic (light) drugs or injections of drugs that prevent the growth of the abnormal blood vessels (called anti-vascular endothelial growth factors, anti-VEGFs).
The authors point out that AMD is a major cause of eye disease, accounting for more than half of those registered as blind or partially sighted in the UK. However, they add that registered numbers do not reflect the full proportion of people who experience visual loss caused by the condition, and that estimates of incidence vary. They argue that accurate estimates are needed to help provide sufficient healthcare in the future.
This research was an analysis of the data from a recent systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of 'late' AMD. This was based on 31 populations of European ancestry, ranging in age from 50 to 97 years. They used these figures to produce models to estimate the prevalence and incidence of late AMD in the UK population, both now and in the future. They then constructed separate models to look at the prevalence of:
- late/advanced dry AMD (or geographical atrophy [GA])
- wet AMD (or neovascular AMD, NVAMD)
- late AMD overall (both GA and NVAMD)
'Prevalence' is a specific term referring to the number of cases of a disease within a population at any given time. The related term 'incidence' refers to the number or rate of new cases that develop in a specified period.
What did the research involve?
The researchers based their models on a meta-analysis of 31 population studies featuring a combined population of 57,173 participants. They say it is the most complete meta-analysis of late AMD prevalence in white populations. The study populations were from Europe, North America and Australia, which they say are largely similar to the middle-aged and older population of the UK.
They applied these figures to the UK population aged 50 to 97 years old, calculating prevalence using statistics for the years 2007 to 2009 obtained from the Office of National Statistics. They calculated prevalence in the UK by year, by age (from 50 to 97 years), by gender and for both genders combined.
They used projections of numbers within these age groups in the UK population to calculate prevalence figures up to 2020. Their estimates allow for a 95% 'credible interval', representing the range within which true prevalence is expected to lie with a 95% probability.
The researchers then used the models of age-specific prevalence to estimate the annual incidence (new cases) of age of late AMD overall, GA and NVAMD in men and women between the ages of 50 and 97 years.
What were the basic results?
Overall prevalence of late AMD in the UK population aged 50 or over was 2.4% (95% credible interval [CrI] 1.7% to 3.3%). This is equivalent to 513,000 cases (95% CrI 363,000 to 699,000) and is estimated to increase to 679,000 cases by 2020.
- In those aged 65 or over, prevalence of late AMD was 4.8% and in those aged 80 or over, 12.2%.
- Prevalence of GA was 1.3% overall (95% CrI 0.9% to 1.9%), 2.6% in those aged 65 and above (95% CrI 1.8% to 3.7%) and 6.7% in those aged 80 and above (95% CrI 4.6% to 9.6%).
- Prevalence of wet AMD (NVAMD) was 1.2% overall (95% CrI 0.9% to 1.7%), 2.5% in those aged 65 and above (95% CrI 1.8% to 3.4%) and 6.3% in those aged 80 and above (95% CrI 4.5% to 8.6%).
- The estimated number of cases of late AMD were 60% higher in women than men (314,000 cases in women, 192,000 in men).
- The authors say that by 2020 there will be 394,000 women and 285,000 men (679,000 in all) with late AMD. This equates to an increase of a third over current rates.
- They calculate that until 2020 there will be 71,000 new cases of late AMD each year, with higher numbers in women.
- Annual incidence (new cases each year) of late AMD overall was estimated at 4.1 per 1,000 women (95% CrI 2.4 to 6.8) and 2.6 per 1,000 men (95% CrI 1.5 to 4.4).
How did the researchers interpret the results?
The researchers say that their review provides the best estimates of the prevalence and incidence of late AMD in the largely white older population in the UK, and suggest that by 2020 cases of AMD will increase steadily by one-third. The authors say these evidence-based estimates are higher than previous estimates, and argue that they can be used to help plan both social and healthcare support, now and in the future.
This study has provided estimates of the current prevalence and incidence of late-stage AMD in the UK (including late-stage dry AMD and wet AMD). It predicts that the prevalence of the condition will rise over the coming decade. These late stages of AMD can lead to loss of vision and of independence, so it is important to have an estimate that is as accurate as possible of projected numbers who have, or will develop, this disorder.
It is important to point out that the projected increase in numbers of those with the disorder is not due to an increase in the condition per se but to the UK's ageing population. It is also worth noting that these estimates are based on complex statistical models and, as is clear from the results, the probable range within which true prevalence lies is quite wide.
The authors also point out that their figures are based on cases of AMD in 'either eye' so may overestimate the potential visual loss associated with the condition, though, as they say, late stage disease in only one eye may still need treatment.
Analysis by Bazian
Edited by NHS Website
Links to the headlines
Daily Express, 14 February 2012
Number of Britons suffering macular degeneration to rise by a third by 2020
Daily Mail, 14 February 2012
Progressive blindness cases to rise by a third in a decade
The Independent, 14 February 2012
Links to the science
Owen CG, Jarrar Z, Wormald R et al.
The estimated prevalence and incidence of late stage age related macular degeneration in the UK
British Journal of Ophthalmology, [Online First] February 13 2012


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Hi Everyone,
I thought I would just post a listing of our planned Genealogy Programs for 2010.
Please remember that our programs are always held on the 2nd Tuesday evening of each month at the Schaumburg Township District Library in Schaumburg, IL at 7:30 PM. The program is generally held in the 2nd floor Classroom but you should just check when you come in to be sure it is still in that room or may have been moved to another room. It does not happen too often that it is moved but it might be to accomodate other programs.
The doors to the room open at 7:00 PM. The program starts at 7:30 PM during which time I introduce new participants, review any handouts and the newsletter and take any questions or hear any comments. At 8:00 PM we start with the speaker and or the break-out sessions. We end the program at between 9:15 PM to 9:30 PM. We must end the program for sure by 9:30 PM.
Here are the scheduled programs we have on tap for 2010:
- January 12, 2010 – "Interpreting Headstones" by Craig Pfannkuche
- February 9, 2010 – "Social Security Death Index (SSDI) – New Things to Know" by Larry Olson
- March 9, 2010 – "Break Out Groups/Ethnic Research Groups/Beginner's Group (No Speaker)
- April 13, 2010 – "So You've Found Your German Town of Origin – Now What?" by Teresa Steinkamp McMillin
- May 11, 2010 – "20th Century Military Records" by Marian Richter Schuetz
- June 8, 2010 – "Break Out Groups/Ethnic Research Groups/Beginner's Group (No Speaker)
- July 13, 2010 – "Getting the Most Out of Heritage Quest" by Kristin Newton Smith
- August 10, 2010 – "Looking for Love in All the Wrong Places; the Search for Marriage Records" by Ginger Frere
- September 14, 2010 – "Break Out Groups/Ethnic Research Groups/Beginner's Group (No Speaker)
- October 12, 2010 – Program and Speaker To Be Determined
- November 9, 2010 – "How to Read and Understand the Hamburg and Bremen Passenger Lists" by Patricia Reaves
- December 14, 2010 – "Break Out Groups/Ethnic Research Groups/Beginner's Group (No Speaker)
See what interests you from the above and come visit us at the library for these great upcoming programs.
We often have 50 to 65 people in attendance when we have our very popular speakers.
For our Break Out/Ethnic Groups/Beginner's Table, we often have 25 to 35 people in attendance. It is at these sessions you can work with others sharing the same ethnic area of research interest e.g. Irish, German, Polish, Italian, Czech, Scandinavian etc. I also lead the Beginner's Table working with newcomers to genealogy to get them started in the right direction. We also have the laptop hooked up to the projector for anyone to use during this time to show sites of interest that can benefit all of us in our particular area of research.
So we are looking forward to 2010 with a great slate of upcoming programs.
We hope to see you for as many as you can make.
Tony Kierna – Genealogy Coordinator

subset: commoncrawl


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November 1, 2019 at 6pm to October 31, 2020 at 7pm – PADOVA the yellow line mail art project! the yellow line in the stations can be a metaphor for our limits, those that do not allow us to cross! if you want to participate, download the photo and intervene o… Organized by Maria Teresa Cazzaro | Type: mail, art, call
November 7, 2019 to September 30, 2020 – La Plata convocatoria internacional 4 de octubre "Día mundial de los animales" tamaño 10cm x 15cm técnica libre enviar: nombre y apellido , correo electrónico, correo postal que la obra se ajuste al tema conv… Organized by Leonor Arnao | Type: arte, correo
January 1, 2020 at 6pm to December 31, 2020 at 7pm – Italy In a few months Umanità Nova will turn 100 years, 100 years in which our newspaper has witnessed the struggles and initiatives of those who would not have and do not have visibility on the so-called… Organized by Gruppo di Lavoro per il Centenario di Umanità Nova | Type: free, contest
February 20, 2020 at 6pm to September 20, 2020 at 7pm – The Courthouse Gallery CALL FOR ENTRIES! Adjusting International Mail Art Exhibition Sept 25-Oct 4, 2020 The CourthouseKinvara, County Galway, Ireland Creativity and the Impact of Environmental Crisis NO JURY NO FE… Organized by Darryl Vance | Type: call, for, entries
March 30, 2020 to August 31, 2020 – Arlington MA Mail art of all types, with the theme HEALTH. How are you keeping healthy during stressful times? Postcards, altered post cards, collage, any medium is welcome. Entries will be featured on onebright… Organized by McFloozy | Type: healthy, habits
June 5, 2020 at 6pm to August 26, 2020 at 7pm – MottattoM Our gallery space projetM@MottattoM is looking for participants in ourunique mail art show in July/August 2020 Free theme, size + technique Mail a stamped postcard or mail-art piece with your name,… Organized by Uta Richter | Type: exhibition
© 2020 Created by Ruud Janssen. Powered by


text:
Tagged: Zoë's Trip to MLB.com photo gallery
Zoë's Trip to MLB.com
My trip to the MLB.com offices and studios to be "Under the Lights'" featured "MLBlogger of the Week."
I'm a bit more fancy looking than usual in these pictures because it's Friday night, and I've got my friend's birthday party to go to right afterwards. So this is before the chocolate cake and mojitos.
Mmmm. Mojitos.


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Thank you, Mob Wives, for realizing that a reunion need be only an hour. Renee Graziano, Ramona Rizzo, Karen Gravano, Big Ang, Carla Facciolo, and Drita D'avanzo don't need three separate reunion installments to scream and threaten each other…one will suffice!
Last night's reunion host was none other than Dr. Drew, who admits to being a huge fan of the show. Sure he is, just like he DVRs Teen Mom 2… I wonder if the ladies scared off Joy Behar or if she just had a prior commitment. I'm actually shocked they didn't get John Salley to be a part of this VH1 debacle! Drew smugly talks about the drama from the season and explains that there is some Love (Majewski, that is) lost–because she won't be appearing on the reunion after getting booted from the show. We're treated to a highlight reel of Love's looniest confessions and outbursts. The woman sure loves to stab people!


text:
What Makes Fairway Different?
What makes Fairway Independent Mortgage Corporation different from other mortgage companies? I can honestly say that it is the passion, attitude and commitment to our clients that set us apart. Fairway employees strive to make each homebuyer feel respected and important.
I am a proud ambassador of the Core Values that make Fairway the company it is today.
- Humility first
- Foster growth and knowledge
- Have fun!
- Create an amazing experience for you
- Speed to respond
- Seek wise counsel
- Respect, listen and stay balanced
- Committed to serve
- Consistent, honest communication
- Family focused
The team in my office and our corporate family across the country strive to bring a servant's heart to what we do each day. If we can help you realize your dreams of homeownership, please call us today.


text: An addition to Daniel written just before 100 BCE in Hebrew or Aramaic but only known in the LXX version. It is regarded as deuterocanonical scripture by Catholics and attached to Daniel as ch. 13 (so NJB). By Protestants the book is placed in the Apocrypha. The story is of the virtuous Susanna who refuses the advances of two elders; they in revenge bring her to trial in court on a false charge. Susanna is condemned to death, but in response to her prayer, God sends the young Daniel to her aid. In separate cross-examinations, he shows that the elders' evidence is contradictory and unreliable. So she is released; they are sentenced to death. The purpose of the story is to illustrate how God sends help to his own, and incidentally to expose the venality of a patriarchal judiciary.


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Did you know that BOC Group is named a worldwide Leader in EA?
BOC Group is excited about this year's results in The Forrester WaveTM: "Enterprise Architecture Management Suites, Q2 2017" of June 2017, as it's EA Management Suite ADOIT stands out as a worldwide Leader among the international competition.
The Forrester Wave™ report identifies the global 10 most significant players based on a 40-criteria evaluation and "…helps enterprise architecture (EA) professionals make the right choice"*. It also states that "key considerations of EAMS products should include:
- The flexibility of the tool to meet your EA management needs.
- Current and future EA role coverage.
- The ability to speed up EA professionals' contributions to major transformations.
- The ease of use and visualization of the architecture."*
"We are very pleased to be named a leader by Forrester. We believe that our 15 years in EA and our strong commitment and dedication in countless customer projects have given us the right ideas to deliver not only a top-notch EA suite to our users, but also to pave the way for remaining amongst the best-in-class tool providers thanks to a clear and convincing vision and strategy", Christoph Moser, ADOIT product manager comments on this successful result.
Moser continues: "BOC Group was first to provide 100% online 30-Day Free Trials for BPM and EA suites and still continues to invest heavily in providing a unique offering to support a broad range of business use cases in daily business as well as transformation projects. In fact, we are currently at the brink of improving support for the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and are enhancing and extending our community and academy offerings to expand our user base even further."
ADOIT is the main information source for customers to keep their businesses on track and gain valuable insights to understand dependencies between company assets. In short, the EA suite prepares organizations to master challenges ahead and to successfully transform business and IT. This makes ADOIT an invaluable asset, especially in an era of digitalization.
Interested in the report? Reach out to us for more details!
The latest release of ADOIT is available online and free-of-charge for a 30-Day Free Trial.
For those interested in a free online presentation, please get in touch with your regional BOC support team.
* The Forrester WaveTM, EA Management Suites, Q2 2017, Forrester Research, Inc., June 14, 2017


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Los Angeles rapper, Cozz, has inked a new deal with J. Cole's Dreamville Imprint.
It looks like J. Cole is adding some more talent to his Dreamville Imprint. Earlier today, Jermaine confirmed that he has signed L.A. rapper, Cozz.
Cozz, a South Central, Los Angeles rapper, took to twitter earlier today to celebrate his new deal, typing "All I can say is thank GOD, tha whole committee squad, and @JColeNC for tha opportunity..tha take over begins #dreamville #committee." Cozz's current & only single is appropriately titled "Dreams" and can be seen below. Look for his debut release, Cozz & Effect, to drop later this Summer.
Bas, who became Dreamville's first signing earlier this year, also welcomed Cozz to the team today.
Check out the tweets and videos below, and stay tuned for more Cozz in the future.
[Update: Cozz Speaks On Being Signed]
Just days after his surprise signing to Dreamville, Cozz spoke to Complex about meeting J. Cole and Game, as well as his upcoming debut album. Check out excerpts from the interview below.
How did this deal with Dreamville/Interscope come about? It kind of caught people by surprise like, "Who is this Cozz dude?"
Tone—aka Anthony, my manager—he used to intern at Interscope, and basically he was like, "You want to get serious about rapping?" He knew I rapped, or was trying to, so we started recording. Then we put the "Dreams" video out a couple months back, and we had labels just hitting us up left and right. We had meetings every day. We knew what we wanted, and we felt like we was worth a lot too, so we shopped around with the label thing.
Then we had a homie named Matt who brought the video to J. Cole, and Cole liked it. We met up with Cole and in between these months we just been working it out with the whole deal and getting these contracts right. So it basically happened off the "Dreams" video.
You mentioned how labels were reaching out and you were meeting with these people, but they didn't really have what you were looking for. What's the vision you have for your music?
My project, Cozz & Effect, is pretty much done, and we felt like the music was so strong. We wanted full creative control, and we wanted to kind of do the whole thing ourselves. With Cole and Dreamville, they gave us that flexibility to do whatever we felt like we needed to do music-wise with putting stuff out, what videos we wanted to drop, and what we wanted to shoot. That's what we were mainly looking for. And we judge on character, too. We feel like Dreamville as a whole, they're just real genuine people too. So we really rocked with them on that.
That's got to be a great feeling for someone like Cole to say, "This guy is next."
It is. I'm still taking it in. It's still brand new for me, the fact that I've never dropped nothing else, and like you said, Cole digs it. It's crazy.
You were also spotted with Game a few months back. What was that meeting about?
My homie Tunji, pretty sure you've heard of him—he's an A&R at Interscope—he played ["Dreams"] for Game, and Game liked the song. So we met up for dinner to talk a little business.
Was Game showing an interest in signing you as well?
Yeah, he was showing interest. I didn't think it was the right move for us. But he was showing interest, for sure.
What can fans expect from your upcoming album Cozz & Effect? What's the theme of the project?
Basically, it's my story. It's like a piece of me. I just feel like it's something the world has never heard before. I feel like I got stuff on there that'll hit you deep like "Dreams," and I got my fun stuff too. I got both sides of the world. I'm so anxious to put it out, man.
This is a project you've been working on prior to the signing with Dreamville. Did the signing change the trajectory of it, or is it still the same project that you were going to be releasing before the deal?
It's the same project, man, same project. Same thing we were working on before the deals and everything. We put this together ourselves. Cole liked it the way it is, so there ain't really too many changes on it.
Do you have any collaborations on the album?
I got two. It's people within my city. It might change though. But as of right now, it's just them.
Is there a specific release date in mind?
We're figuring that out. Definitely before the summer ends.
Read the full interview here.


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Recently I went to the Tech Museum in San Jose, CA where one of the exhibits here on a limited engagement is "Islamic Science Rediscovered." I highly recommend everyone who is interested in Science to check it out. But surprisingly it is not only about Islamic contributions to Astronomy (the astrolabe, development of star charts), Mathematics (algebra, arabic numerals and the number zero) and Medicine (development of optics, eye surgery), which most people may already be aware of – But it also has a lot of exhibits which show how Muslims have contributed to the fields of Architecture, Human Flight, Mechanical Engineering, World Travels via Sea and Land, and Inventions such as the pin hole camera which even a Muslim such as myself was unaware of.
Below are some pictures of the exhibit which I took with my phone, but I encourage everyone who hasnt yet seen the exhibit, to go check it out, as it is only in town for a limited time. For more information check the San Jose Tech Museum's website here: http://www.thetech.org/


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A very HAPPY NEW YEAR to you all!
In keeping with 5:4 tradition, here's the new year Mixtape showcasing music from each of my Best Albums of 2015. Three hours that demonstrate something of the sonic wonders that materialised last year. Enjoy! — and there are links to buy each of the albums featured in the last two days' articles.
As usual, the mixtape can either be downloaded or streamed via MixCloud. Here's the tracklisting in full: Read more


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Your current browser is out of date. We suggest using Internet Explorer 9 or above for best viewing and access to all Louisvilleky.gov content.
Please use this feedback form to give us your ideas for making the city's website better. If you want to contact MetroCall for customer service related issues, click here.


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Miami-Dade police foil kidnapping; kill 1, arrest 5
Family told police teenage sons were being ransomed for $250K
HOMESTEAD, Fla. – Miami-Dade police foiled a kidnapping on Thursday morning by fatally shooting one woman and arresting five men at a trailer park in Homestead.
The family of two teens, a 17 and a 19 year old, told police their sons had been kidnapped and were being ransomed for $250,000.
The police investigation led detectives to the 200 block of Northeast 12th Avenue at the Coco Walk Trailer Park in Homestead, where police raided the kidnappers' hideout, said investigators.
One armed woman was shot and killed and five men were arrested, said police.
"Once the detectives entered the residence, they came in contact with multiple subjects. There was a confrontation and a shooting," said Miami-Dade Police Lt. Rosanna Cordero-Studz. "There is a deceased female on the scene who was armed. She was shot and killed by officers. We were fortunate enough to locate these people who were kidnapped. They had been beaten."
The teens were taken to Homestead Hospital. Police said the teens have non-life threatening injuries.
Copyright 2012 by Post-Newsweek Stations. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed


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Look in here for information on Ridgeline gear bought to you by Highland Sports, who also carry Swarovski, Buffalo River, SKB, Allens Archery gear and many rifle brands
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text:
J. D. Heyes
Natural News
Feb 23, 2013
In a twist on the typical anti-gun legislation floating around in statehouses and the nation's capital these days, a lawmaker from Missouri is taking a different tact. Rather than criminalizing gun owners, he is seeking to criminalize fellow legislators who attempt to criminalize the state's gun owners.
Rep. Mike Leara, a Republican from suburban St. Louis, says he doesn't think his bill stands much of a chance of passing, but he's proposing it anyway to send a message if nothing else.
His legislation requires that colleagues be convicted and sent to prison for up to four years if they introduce gun control legislation, a bill which "highlights the increasingly strident tone of gun measures in Missouri's generally pro-gun Legislature," local St. Louis CBS affiliate KMOX reported.
In defending his bill, Leara said it was being offered up as a statement of principle – namely, that gun ownership is a constitutional matter.
"I have no illusions about the bill making it through the legislative process," he said in a statement, "but I want it to be clear the Missouri House will stand in defense of the people's constitutional right to keep and bear arms." He declined to comment further.
Oh, but gun control measures are constitutional?
Since last year's shootings in Aurora, Colo., and Newtown, Conn., a number of state and federal proposals to ban guns and limit magazines have been proposed. Even President Obama has called for new measures that would ban military look-alike rifles, impose background checks on all gun purchases and magazine restrictions.
But in Missouri, the approach has largely been just the opposite – more guns and more access to guns, not less.
Not all of the state's legislators are enamored with Leara's bill, of course. One of them, state Rep. Stacey Newman, a Democrat from St. Louis, said – ironically – that Leara's measure is "unconstitutional" (not her measure, which would impose new requirements and restrictions on gun dealers).
Leara's bill comes less than a week after other St. Louis-area Democrats introduced a bill containing a military look-alike ban that would require any owners of said weapons to surrender them to police, destroy them or send them out of state within 90 days of the bill's passage, or face jail.
One of the sponsors of that bill, state Rep. Rory Ellinger, said he knew that his measure would never pass the heavily Republican Legislature, then comically said he still wanted a "dialogue" on gun safety.
Some GOP members have made it a point to skewer Ellinger's proposal despite the implausibility of its passage. Rep. Eric Burlison of Springfield, for instance, posted a YouTube video of him blasting a physical copy of the measure with a handgun.
Other state lawmakers are concentrating more on potential new federal anti-gun legislation. One proposal, by Rep. Casey Guernsey, R-Bethany, has decided "to take swift and strong actions to counteract the federal government" by introducing a bill to criminalize any enforcement of new federal gun control laws enacted after Jan. 1, 2013.
A second bill prevents federal regulation of guns made in Missouri and which remain within the state's borders. A House committee has yet to vote on either bill.
Other measures would strengthen the Second Amendment in the state
Lawmakers have also proposed legislation aimed at addressing school-based gun violence, but the political divide here is wide and long as well.
In mid-February, the Missouri Senate gave initial approval to a bill that would grant school districts the option of teaching the National Rifle Association's gun-safety program to elementary-age children. It would also allow teachers and other school personnel to undergo training on how best to respond to armed intruders.
The bill, which was sponsored by Sen. Don Brown, R-Rolla, initially mandated that schools adopt both programs but opposition from Democrats led him to make the programs optional.
Finally, a Senate committee has considered a state constitutional amendment to widen provisions providing for citizens' right to bear arms by specifying that the right is "inalienable." The bill, sponsored by state Sen. Kurt Schaefer, R-Columbia, would additionally require the state to oppose any new "infringement" on that right.
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Girls tennis:
Mathews, which recently repeated its Region A title, fell 5-1 to Radford in a state Group A semifinal in Radford.
Boys tennis:
Region A champion Windsor's season ended with a 5-1 loss to Glenvar of Salem in a state Group A semifinal.
More rainouts:
The forecast of Tropical Storm Andrea already had prompted almost every VHSL sport except tennis to be rained out Friday.
Group AAA organizers held out hope they could play the soccer semifinals, but Friday morning, they postponed those matchups to Saturday as well.
So at Westfield High in Group AAA, and around the New River Valley in Groups AA and A, semifinals begin Saturday morning -- field conditions permitting -- and many finals will be held Sunday.


text:
Judge will allow release of Michael Dunn's jailhouse calls, other evidence
Defense attempted to block release of 'discovery' material in case
JACKSONVILLE, Fla. – Circuit Judge Russell Healey on Friday denied a defense motion that would have kept hours of calls Michael Dunn made from jail and other evidence gathered in his murder trial from release to the media.
"This Court now orders that the witness information and jail calls be made available to the public," Healey wrote.
DOCUMENT: Judge denies motion to block access to Dunn material
Dunn is accused of killing 17-year-old Jordan Davis in the parking lot of a Gate convenience store the day after Thanksgiving 2012. Dunn complained about loud music from Davis' SUV, and told police he fired into the vehicle in which Davis was a passenger when he thought he saw a gun.
Jury selection for Dunn's second-degree murder trial is scheduled to begin Feb. 3. He faces life in prison without the possibility of parole if convicted.
Last year, prosecutors released letters Dunn wrote from jail while awaiting trial and other material investigators had gathered in the case.
Healey complained he didn't know the letters were being released and was worried they could taint the potential jury pool. He then said he would review all material before it could be released in the future. Attorneys for WJXT and other media outlets appealed that decision and the First District Court of Appeals ordered Healey to hold a hearing on the defense motion to block the release of this evidence.
During a hearing Tuesday on this motion and a second request to delay the trial, prosecutors sided with Dunn's attorney, Cory Strolla, in asking that the discovery material -- evidence gathered that might or might not be used in the case -- not be made public.
Channel 4's attorney, Ed Birk, argued the calls should be released, but State Attorney Angela Corey said that would interfere with her case.
The judge sided with public access.
"We won the important legal point, which is access to these records before trial is guaranteed under the law," Birk said.
After Friday's ruling, Strolla issued this statement:
"Even though we still stand firm that the Court could have taken judicial notice of the prejudicial pretrial exposure in this case and grant the protective order, we still feel that the Pretrial coverage has been unfairly biased against Michael Dunn, and not representative of the actual truth.
"We look forward to having Mr. Dunn exonerated at trial when the facts do come to light, not the preconceived opinions that have been portrayed thus far."
Corey's office only said: "We have received the order. We are reviewing it, and will comply with the order."
The State Attorney's Office estimates it would take nine to 10 weeks for employees to go through the material to redact names, addresses phone numbers and other private information before it could be released, and the cost to the media would be over $6,000.
"We won't get the tapes before trial, but we made the legal point," Birk said. "It should not have to go that way. The station and other news media should not have had to spend thousands of dollars to preserve the right to this access for public records, which is in the law."
Late Friday afternoon, attorneys for the Florida Times-Union and WTLV/WJXX filed an emergency appeal asking the court to direct the state attorney's office to release the jail calls immediately.
They contend the state attorney's office completed its review of the jail calls in November, and for it to say it won't start the redacting process now until there's a deposit of $3,000 is "unconscionable" and a "direct flagrant contravention" of the appeals courts order.
Copyright 2014 by News4Jax.com. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Father Pat's Pastoral Ponderings
Fifth Sunday After Pentecost
June 27, 2010
The airport at Guatemala City re-opened on June 2. When our mission team landed the next day, there was evidence of devastation on all sides. Hardly a prosperous country to begin with, Guatemala had just sustained one of the worst calamities in its history.
Volcán Pacaya, a smaller among the twenty volcanic peaks forming the country's geological spine, began erupting on Thursday, May 27, exactly six days before our arrival. In addition to lava, the eruptions spread a layer of heavy ash over an area of many square miles. Even in the capital city, 19 miles to the north, we saw the disgusting ash piled up everywhere. Indeed, relying on news reports of air pollution, I arrived with a box of surgical masks in my luggage.
These proved to be unnecessary, however, because of an even greater catastrophe that befell the country two days after the volcano's eruption: The extreme heat emanating from the crater was among the atmospheric conditions that brought Tropical Storm Agatha roaring in from the Pacific Ocean. Nearly 200 people perished in the resulting floods and landslides, with more than 100 others missing. That rain did, however, wash the vestigial ash out of Guatemala's air and soaked what was already on the ground. There was no danger of breathing the stuff.
Because the landslides destroyed or obstructed so many roads-including major arteries-extraordinary congestion gripped the flow of traffic in and around the city. All those conditions placed a great emotional strain on the population.
Not that Guatemala City is a relaxed place, even in the best of times. It pays to stay on your toes in this town. Last year, for instance, it reported 25 murders a week, with equally disturbing figures in assault, theft, armed robbery, carjacking, rape, and kidnapping. Gangs are active; smuggling and drug trade are common. Last year, armed robbers killed an average of one driver or passenger each day on regular city busses.
Visitors are warned to stay off the streets at night and never to take a taxi unless the hotel makes the arrangement. Going shopping? Private security guards, armed with sawed-off shotguns, maintain the parking lots of the shopping centers. You get a pass when you drive in, have it stamped at the store, and then return it to the guard in order to leave the parking lot. No exceptions. Compared with Guatemala City, Chicago and Detroit seem like pretty laid-back places.
Our team came to work at the Orthodox orphanage, Hogar Rafael Ayau, an extraordinary compound in the heart of the major prostitution section of Guatemala City. This home of some 50+ children is surrounded by a twenty-foot wall, which has one heavy steel gate. The gate is locked; its guards carry both pump rifles and automatic side-arms. There is a rumor, I learned later, that the guards were recruited from criminal elements that had originally offered "protection" for the orphanage!
Inside the wall is another world, a little paradise, as it seemed to me, supervised by the Orthodox nuns of Holy Trinity Monastery. Everything in this loving and wonderful home is directed to the full education of young Christians. Each day begins with Matins and ends with Vespers, both services sung by the children. When they have a priest (as they did on the Sunday I was with them), they sing the Divine Liturgy. When the children outgrow the orphanage school, the nuns send them to study elsewhere, including the university.
For the better part of a year our mission team had planned various projects they hoped to accomplish at the orphanage, but in fact most of their time each day was spent cleaning up the ash spewed out from Pacaya. Much of the sooty mess was still there -- including about half of the swimming pool -- when we left a week later. It will likely be months before the compound is entirely clean.
A new orphanage is currently under construction outside the city, on the grounds of the monastery itself. The future of this ministry, nonetheless, is far from clear. After a decade of placing the children into adopting families here in this country, the nuns now find their hands tied by UNICEF's tight restrictions on international adoptions. Although the government of Guatemala is disposed to take a flexible approach to those restrictions, the bureaucrats in our own State Department are not. Current international policies, in my opinion, are not in the best interest of those children. At some future date, I may comment further on this theme.
Fr. Patrick Henry Reardon is pastor of All Saints Antiochian Orthodox Church in Chicago, Illinois, and a Senior Editor of Touchstone: A Journal of Mere Christianity.
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A few days ago, Facebook Co-Founder Dustin Moskovitz said that Y-Combinator's "No Idea" round for entrepreneurs is "really wrong".
He further says "the only reason you should become an entrepreneur is because that's the only way the idea will come into the world."
What's funny is that had a young Mark Zuckerberg taken his advice, Dustin might not be a billionaire right now.
It's not like Mark Zuckerberg dreamed up the idea for Facebook and then turned himself into an entrepreneur to make it happen. Facebook wasn't Mark's first project.
He had worked on a bunch of projects from building an algorithm that suggested the next song to play in your mp3 player to a site that compared pictures of people.
It's not like these were unbelievable ideas that Mark simply had to put into the world. What he had was a passion for solving problems, creating interesting solutions. The skills he learned working on those projects prepared him for Facebook.
And, while some people take the jump into startups because they have an idea that they really want built, the idea itself rarely works.
What keeps them going is that they realize they have a passion for spotting large unsolved problems, creating crafty initial solutions to those problems, building things from scratch, defying the odds, refusing to fail, proving wrong those that doubted them, convincing talented people to help them, fighting off competitors, seeing millions of people use their solution, rewarding those that believed in them and ultimately changing how the world works.
It's not about that one brilliant idea. Ideas come and go and often don't seem very magical at first. It's about your passion for taking an idea, running with it and building off of your progress.
And, so I thank Y-Combinator for helping to dispel the myth that to become an entrepreneur you need a moment of brilliance.
The last thing we need is people convincing smart and talented potential entrepreneurs that they should be waiting around for that brilliant idea.
Those ideas rarely come until someone starts walking down the startup path. And, even when an idea for the next big thing does come, it rarely looks like it.
Read more posts on How to Make it as a First-Time Entrepreneur »


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Temperature for January 1960
In January 1960 the average high temperature in Tampa, FL was 0.0°F, and this was 71.7°F cooler than the average of 71.7°F. The hottest day in January 1960 was 0 January when the temperature reached 0.0°F. Overnight the average temperature in January is 49.8°F and in 1960 the average overnight temperature was 49.8°F cooler at 0.0°F.


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The government shareholding in RCFL after this offer for sale (OFS) will come down to 75 percent
GN Bureau | July 3, 2017
The retail portion of Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilizers Ltd (RCFL), a Miniratna category one CPSE, offer for sale (OFS) got an overwhelming response from retail investors.
Close to 48 lakh migrant labourers have been able to reach home from the cities they were working in, as the Indian Railways have run a total of 3,543 "Sharmik Special" trains from May 1. Following the home ministry order regarding the movement by special trains of migrant worker
Before the novel coronavirus hit it, Mumbai about 10-12 lakh labourers from elsewhere had made it their home. The figure for the state of Maharashtra was another 18-20 lakh. As the pandemic spread and the Maximum City emerged as the worst-hit place in India, all economic activities came to an end, and with
For the rest of the world, it is not easy to understand China when it comes to politics or economics. Under pressure from the international community, it has accepted to open the country for a "comprehensive" probe into the origin of the deadly coronavirus. But it is not clear whether the Asian
Even as humanitarian support is pouring in to help distressed migrants amid Covid-19 pandemic and the lockdown, civil society organizations and NGOs are working for sanitation of community toilets which have become breeding source of virus infection. Every community toilet has 20 seats. Each
India, completing about two months of lockdown to protect against the spread of the Novel Coronavirus, has made good use of the time to improve health infrastructure, the government has said. Countering media reports "about some decisions of the government regarding the lockdown implem
As India begins to learn to live with Covid-19 and come out of nearly two-month long lockdown, regular train services are set to resume from June 1 in a graded manner, even as more 'shramik' special trains are planned. The railway ministry, in consultation with the health ministr


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Additional Contributors: @ andrewmac, @ LuisAntonRebollo
Target: 3.9
So. those of you that have been following along with the Deferred or PBR branches have likely gotten a bit of a taste of this already, but in the interests of letting folks digest things in a nice testable manner, the first thing out of the gate will be the shadow caching subsystem.
- Deferred Shading
- Shadow Caching
Anyone familiar with pretty much any engine knows that shadows are one of, if not the most hefty hits on the rendering pipelline. Dynamic more so than any other. Stock torque to date uses fully dynamic shadow regeneration per frame for everything unless you explicitly bake them in a third party application via lightmapping tricks, additional materials, et al.
To alleviate this a bit, Andrew and I dug around a bit and dug into regeneration portion of the shadow gen subsystem, augmenting it with a pair of cyclic updaters.
Here's how this works:
Materials gain a new flag:
Lights gain 2 new millisecond entries:
Lights start out as now, generating shadows across the board. but no longer update every frame. Instead they wait until either the dynamicRefreshFreq has expired if it's tagged as dynamic, or the static one does if it's static to redraw the relevant portions of the 'shadow scene' for lack of a better term. At time of writing, all materials default to dynamic by request in order to least disturb existing projects, which means folks wanting to take the most advantage of that will need to flip that off for all background materials. (those wishing to automate the process the other way around juts need to flip https://github.com/Azaezel/Torque3D/com ... 591c75R185 and tag players or anything animated to true.
Now the bad news: Turns out there was a lurking bug in https://github.com/Azaezel/Torque3D/com ... 466c4eae99 causing severe issues with spotlights in particular, though given the formation, that was more of a timebomb waiting for someone else to step on it at some point anyway, so looking to fully address that.
At present, that brings the bug down to one report, specifically in debug mode, of
OPENGL: GL_INVALID_OPERATION error generated. Cannot begin query on an active query object.
per light after which queries operate correctly rather than continuous spam from both that one and a secondary error report. (http://i.imgur.com/EdOdT2z.png)
Additional research notes on that matter:
https://www.opengl.org/sdk/docs/man3/xh ... nQuery.xml
GL_INVALID_OPERATION is generated if glBeginQuery is executed while a query object of the same target is already active.
As this stuff was always intended to be a community project, if folks want, I can flip that over to PR (after cleaning it down to the one documented commit) and let someone clean it up in the development fork, but my first instinct is to hold off on that until this last bit is sorted fully.


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Burton Malkiel, the Princeton professor, author of the seminal "Random Walk Down Wall Street," and the champion of index investing, is bullish on China. In a speech Wednesday night at the New York Stock Exchange, hosted by Guggenheim Investments, Malkiel laid out his case for why China will continue its rapid economic growth, argued that most investors are underweight China, and suggested ways to invest in China.
Beginning by contrasting the American and Chinese economies, Malkiel said that "I'm not negative on the U.S.," that "my guess is there will be no double dip" recession, and that while he expects "some GDP recovery" in the third quarter, the U.S. economy "will remain sluggish." Over the longer term, however, he argues that "too much debt is associated with poor economic growth."
"We're over-indebted," Malkiel (left) said, pointing out that before the housing bubble, American consumers had $0.33 of debt for every $1 in income, but that after the bubble, "we're at $1.33 of debt for every dollar of income." The anemic pace of housing starts, he suggested, is "unlikely to change soon," and that American financial institutions "still need to deleverage and recapitalize." Looking at the overall growth and indebtedness of developed countries, he noted the 100% ratio in the U.S. of debt to GDP, developed Europe's similar levels of indebtedness and that "Japan is a basket case" at 150% debt to GDP.
Among developing countries, that ratio stands at 60% for India and Brazil, but only 16% for China. "That's why I'm enthusiastic about China," he said bluntly. As for economic growth forecasts, he admitted that China "may not make" the 9.6% growth that the IMF has predicted for China in 2011, but forecast 7% to 8% growth for China from 2012 to 2014. "I've always been wrong on forecasting China" economic growth, he said. "I've been too pessimistic."
One of his main reasons for forecasting continue growth in China is because, he said, "all the growth so far has been in the east of the country," including the capital of Beijing and Shanghai, while the center and west of the country is "undeveloped and dirt poor." It's also where there is considerable social unrest, he admitted.
From a practical viewpoint, the Chinese government needs growth to continue in the central and western parts of the county so it can stay in power. "The government knows exactly what it's doing with its infrastructure investments" and said that the Communist Party leadership will be successful because of the Chinese culture that "reveres education," has a strong work ethic and is entrepreneurial. He called the late Chinese leader Deng Xiopeng "remarkable," saying he "unleashed" the power of this Chinese culture that has resulted in China's unprecedented growth.
"We're in the middle innings" of China's outsized growth, which he expects to continue for the next two decades, partly because internal consumer consumption accounts for such a small part of China's export-driven economy. In the U.S., consumption accounts for 70% of GDP and only 35% in China, which will likely grow as development increases in those central and western parts of the country.
Investing in China
As for investing in the country to take advantage of its growth prospects, Malkiel said "most investors are underweighted in China, and that he "thinks a 9% to 12% weighting is right."
He pointed out two of the many attractive ways to take advantage of Chinese growth. Chinese equities, he said, are "entirely reasonable investments" and that in the seven to eight years that he's been extensively covering investing in China, "I've never seen such attractive valuations." He then took a moment to blow his own index horn that his firm Alpha Shares has created, the Alpha Shares China All Cap index. Guggenheim has licensed that index to create the Guggenheim China All-Cap ETF, ticker YAO.
The second interesting vehicle would be yuan-denominated "dim sum" bonds. A two-year duration Chinese government or agency dim sum bond is paying 1% now, he said, and with the expected 5% annual appreciation of the Chinese currency, "you'll get 5.5% to 7%" from those Hong Kong-issued bonds.
Responding to a questioner on the possible political dangers of investing in China, he said that the Arab Spring "scared the daylights" out of the Chinese leadership. And while China is different from many of those Arab Spring countries where a small elite ran the countries, noting that there are 80 million members of the Communist Party in China, that fear is one more reason why the leadership is "hell-bent on keeping the growth engine growing."
Answering another audience question on the Chinese currency itself, he said that while in March 2009 the Chinese government called for the yuan to replace the U.S. dollar as a reserve currency, he acknowledged a broad consensus exists that the currency is undervalued, and its chances of replacing the dollar as the world's reserve currency "won't happen until it's fully convertible."


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lynching, unlawfully hanging or otherwise killing a person by mob action. The term is derived from the older term lynch law, which is most likely named after either Capt. William Lynch (1742–1820), of Pittsylvania co., Va., or Col. Charles Lynch (1736–96), of neighboring Bedford (later Campbell) co., both of whom used extralegal proceedings to punish Loyalists during the American Revolution. Historically, the term lynching is most commonly applied to racist violence in the post–Civil War American South.
Lynching was common among North American pioneers on the frontier, where legal institutions were not yet established. Lesser crimes might be punished by exile, while crimes that seemed to them capital, such as rape, horse stealing, and cattle rustling, were punished by lynching. Pioneers formed vigilance committees to repress crime (see vigilantes). When legal institutions had been duly established, such vigilance committees normally tended to disappear. Measures by such committees had the intrinsic danger of resorting to violence and hasty injustice, and posed a tangible threat to the basis of the law.
Between 1882, when reliable data was first collected, and 1968, when the crime had largely disappeared, there were at least 4,730 lynchings in the United States, including some 3,440 black men and women. Most of these were in the post-Reconstruction South between 1882 and 1944, where southern whites used lynching and other terror tactics to intimidate blacks into political, social, and economic submission. Contrary to a widespread misconception, only about a quarter of lynch victims were accused of rape or attempted rape. Most blacks were lynched for outspokenness or other presumed offenses against whites, or in the aftermath of race riots. In many cases lynchings were not spontaneous mob violence but involved a degree of planning and law-enforcement cooperation. Racially motivated lynchings, which often involved the mutilation and immolation of the victim, might be witnessed by an entire local community as a diverting spectacle.
State and local governments in the South did little to curtail lynchings; various laws against mob violence were seldom enforced. Three times (1922, 1937, 1940) antilynching legislation passed the House of Representatives, only to be defeated in the Senate. Although the term has fallen into disuse since the civil-rights movement of the 1960s, similar practices still occur, often classified today as "bias crimes."
See R. L. Zangrando, The NAACP Crusade Against Lynching, 1909–1950 (1980); P. Dray, At the Hands of Persons Unknown (2002).


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How does this medication work? What will it do for me?
Hydrochlorothiazide belongs to the group of medications called diuretics. It is also an antihypertensive. It is used to decrease fluid retention (edema) caused by congestive heart failure, certain kidney or liver problems, and medications such as corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone) and estrogen. It is also used to lower high blood pressure. Hydrochlorothiazide works by making the body lose excess water and salt.
This medication may be available under multiple brand names and/or in several different forms. Any specific brand name of this medication may not be available in all of the forms or approved for all of the conditions discussed here. As well, some forms of this medication may not be used for all of the conditions discussed here.
Your doctor may have suggested this medication for conditions other than those listed in these drug information articles. If you have not discussed this with your doctor or are not sure why you are taking this medication, speak to your doctor. Do not stop taking this medication without consulting your doctor.
Do not give this medication to anyone else, even if they have the same symptoms as you do. It can be harmful for people to take this medication if their doctor has not prescribed it.
What form(s) does this medication come in?
12.5 mg
Each round, peach-coloured, flat faced, bevel-edged tablet, debossed "P" logo on one side and plain on the other side, contains hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg. Nonmedicinal ingredients: alginic acid, carboxymethylcellulose sodium, colloidal silicon dioxide, FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminum Lake, magnesium stearate, and microcrystalline cellulose.
25 mg
Each round, peach-coloured, flat faced, bevel-edged tablet, debossed ''25'' score ''P'' on one side and plain on the other side, contains hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg. Nonmedicinal ingredients: alginic acid, carboxymethylcellulose sodium, colloidal silicon dioxide, FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminum Lake, magnesium stearate, and microcrystalline cellulose.
50 mg
Each round, peach-coloured, flat faced, bevel-edged tablet, debossed ''50'' score ''P'' on one side and plain on the other side, contains hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg. Nonmedicinal ingredients: alginic acid, carboxymethylcellulose sodium, colloidal silicon dioxide, FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminum Lake, magnesium stearate, and microcrystalline cellulose.
How should I use this medication?
To reduce fluid retention (edema), the usual recommended adult dose of hydrochlorothiazide is 25 mg to 200 mg daily. Some people may only need to take this medication every other day, or for 3 to 5 days per week, as directed by their doctor. For infants and children, the dose is based on body weight and is given in 2 divided doses.
For the treatment of high blood pressure, the usual recommended adult dose of hydrochlorothiazide is 12.5 mg to 50 mg daily.
When taken once daily, this medication should be taken in the morning to prevent the need to urinate during nighttime.
Many things can affect the dose of a medication that a person needs, such as body weight, other medical conditions, and other medications. If your doctor has recommended a dose different from the ones listed here, do not change the way that you are taking the medication without consulting your doctor.
It is important that this medication be taken exactly as prescribed by your doctor. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible and continue with your regular schedule. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. If you are not sure what to do after missing a dose, contact your doctor or pharmacist for advice.
Store this medication at room temperature, protect it from light and moisture, and keep it out of the reach of children.
Do not dispose of medications in wastewater (e.g. down the sink or in the toilet) or in household garbage. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medications that are no longer needed or have expired.
Who should NOT take this medication?
Do not take hydrochlorothiazide if you:
- are allergic to hydrochlorothiazide, sulfonamide medications (e.g., sulfamethoxazole), or any of the ingredients of the medication
- are unable to urinate
- have kidney disease that is worsening and reduced urine production while taking this medication
What side effects are possible with this medication?
Many medications can cause side effects. A side effect is an unwanted response to a medication when it is taken in normal doses. Side effects can be mild or severe, temporary or permanent.
The side effects listed below are not experienced by everyone who takes this medication. If you are concerned about side effects, discuss the risks and benefits of this medication with your doctor.
The following side effects have been reported by at least 1% of people taking this medication. Many of these side effects can be managed, and some may go away on their own over time.
Contact your doctor if you experience these side effects and they are severe or bothersome. Your pharmacist may be able to advise you on managing side effects.
- constipation
- decreased sexual ability
- diarrhea
- dizziness or lightheadedness when getting up from a lying or sitting position
- headache
- increased sensitivity of skin to sunlight (skin rash, itching, redness, other discoloration of skin, or severe sunburn after exposure to sunlight)
- nausea
- loss of appetite
- upset stomach
- vomiting
Although most of the side effects listed below don't happen very often, they could lead to serious problems if you do not seek medical attention.
Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:
- black, tarry stools
- blistering, peeling skin
- blood in urine or stools
- cough
- joint pain
- lower back or side pain
- painful or difficult urination
- pinpoint red spots on skin
- signs of too much potassium loss (dryness of mouth, increased thirst, irregular heartbeat, mood or mental changes, muscle cramps or pain, nausea or vomiting, unusual tiredness or weakness, weak pulse)
- signs of too much sodium loss (confusion, convulsions, decreased mental activity, irritability, muscle cramps, unusual tiredness or weakness)
- skin rash or hives
- stomach pain (severe) with nausea and vomiting
- tingling or burning sensation
- unusual bleeding or bruising
- vision changes
- yellow eyes or skin
Seek immediate medical attention if any of the following occur:
- difficulty breathing (sudden)
- fever and chills
- hoarseness
Some people may experience side effects other than those listed. Check with your doctor if you notice any symptom that worries you while you are taking this medication.
Are there any other precautions or warnings for this medication?
Before you begin using a medication, be sure to inform your doctor of any medical conditions or allergies you may have, any medications you are taking, whether you are pregnant or breast-feeding, and any other significant facts about your health. These factors may affect how you should use this medication.
January 31, 2019
Health Canada has issued new restrictions concerning the use of hydrochlorothiazide. To read the full Health Canada Advisory, visit Health Canada's web site at www.hc-sc.gc.ca.
Cholesterol: Increases in cholesterol and triglyceride levels may occur when taking hydrochlorothiazide. Your doctor will monitor your cholesterol and triglyceride levels with blood tests while you are taking this medication.
Diabetes: Hydrochlorothiazide may make it more difficult for people with diabetes to control their blood sugar. If you have diabetes, discuss with your doctor how this medication may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of this medication, and whether any special monitoring is needed.
Fluid and electrolyte balance: The levels of electrolytes such as potassium, sodium, magnesium, and chloride can be reduced with hydrochlorothiazide. Your doctor will monitor your electrolyte levels with blood tests while you are taking this medication. Warning signs or symptoms of fluid and electrolyte imbalance include:
- confusion
- drowsiness
- dry mouth
- low blood pressure
- muscle pains or cramps
- muscular fatigue
- nausea and vomiting
- racing heartbeat
- restlessness
- seizures
- thirst
- unusual tiredness
- weakness
If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your doctor. To prevent low potassium levels, eat foods that are high in potassium (e.g., bananas, dried figs, dates, prunes, nuts). If your potassium level is low, your doctor may suggest a potassium supplement.
Gout: This medication may aggravate or cause gout. People with high levels of uric acid in the blood or a history of gout should discuss with their doctor how this medication may affect their medical condition, how their medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of this medication, and whether any special monitoring is needed.
Kidney function: If you have reduced kidney function, discuss with your doctor how this medication may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of this medication, and whether any special monitoring is needed.
Liver disease: If you have reduced liver function or progressive liver disease, discuss with your doctor how this medication may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of this medication, and whether any special monitoring is needed.
Low blood pressure when standing: This medication can cause low blood pressure when standing from a sitting or lying position (also called orthostatic hypotension). Alcohol and other medications such as phenobarbital and other medications to treat high blood pressure can increase the chances that this will happen. If you are taking these medications, your doctor may change the dose of these medications and increase them slowly to reduce the chance of you experiencing this.
Systemic lupus erythematosus: This medication can worsen or activate the symptoms of lupus. If you experience swollen and painful joints, fever, fatigue, or rash on the nose and cheeks while taking this medication, contact your doctor.
Pregnancy: This medication should not be used during pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks. If you become pregnant while taking this medication, contact your doctor immediately.
Breast-feeding: This medication passes into breast milk. If you are a breast-feeding mother and are taking hydrochlorothiazide, it may affect your baby. Talk to your doctor about whether you should continue breast-feeding.
What other drugs could interact with this medication?
There may be an interaction between hydrochlorothiazide and any of the following:
- alcohol
- allopurinol
- amphotericin B
- anesthetics
- anticholinergic medications (e.g., oxybutinin)
- barbiturates (e.g., phenobarbital)
- calcium supplements
- cholestyramine
- colestipol
- corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone) and ACTH
- digoxin
- insulin
- lithium
- medications that lower blood pressure
- medications that reduce potassium levels (e.g., other diuretics such as furosemide)
- narcotics (e.g., codeine, oxycodone, morphine)
- nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS; e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac)
- norepinephrine
- oral diabetes medications (e.g., glyburide, gliclazide, metformin, pioglitazone)
- pseudoephedrine
- quinidine
- rituximab
- tetracyclines (e.g., tetracycline, minoclycline, doxycycline)
- topiramate
- warfarin
If you are taking any of these medications, speak with your doctor or pharmacist. Depending on your specific circumstances, your doctor may want you to:
- stop taking one of the medications,
- change one of the medications to another,
- change how you are taking one or both of the medications, or
- leave everything as is.
An interaction between two medications does not always mean that you must stop taking one of them. Speak to your doctor about how any drug interactions are being managed or should be managed.
Medications other than those listed above may interact with this medication. Tell your doctor or prescriber about all prescription, over-the-counter (non-prescription), and herbal medications you are taking. Also tell them about any supplements you take. Since caffeine, alcohol, the nicotine from cigarettes, or street drugs can affect the action of many medications, you should let your prescriber know if you use them.
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U.S. Women Not Resting on Past World Grand Prix Success
Alisha Glass (1) and Lauren Gibbemeyer (8) go up for a block during the recent USA Volleyball Cup versus Japan
Bill Kauffman, USA Volleyball Senior Manager of Communications, Phone: 719-228-6800, Email: email@example.com
USAV Facebook * @USA_Volleyball
FIVB World Grand Prix Press Kits: USA Volleyball - FIVB
COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo. (July 31, 2013) – The U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team enters the 2013 FIVB World Grand Prix as the No. 1 ranked team in the world and three-time defending champion of the premier international volleyball tournament for women. However, the American players and coaching staff are not resting on the laurels of the past successes for a chance at making history as 2013 brings about new rosters, opponents and circumstances in the first year of an Olympic quadrennial.
"I am not thinking too much about it too much," said U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team Head Coach Karch Kiraly in reference to the past FIVB World Grand Prix titles won by Team USA. "We have a number of new faces, so it is hard to know what to expect with brand new USA people like Kim Hill, Rachael Adams, Kelly Murphy, Jenna Hagglund and others. It is great to have some fresh faces and get them some playing time. But it also makes it a little hard to predict how we are going to do."
The FIVB World Grand Prix utilizes a grueling format that includes a three-weekend preliminary round schedule with four teams competing in five different cities each weekend from Aug. 2-18. The FIVB World Grand Prix Final Round will take place Aug. 28-Sept. 1 in Sapporo, Japan, with the top five countries from the preliminary round plus Japan as the host country. Japan has hosted the FIVB World Grand Prix Final Round four previous times, the most recent being in 2009.
The U.S. has won the last three FIVB World Grand Prix events and has won five titles overall (1995, 2001, 2010, 2011, 2012). The Americans will be attempting to win an unprecedented four straight titles as Brazil won three times from 2004-2006.
Team USA faces a challenging 2013 FIVB World Grand Prix schedule, both in terms of opponents and travel as the team will make a complete trip around the world with action in both hemispheres. The U.S. opens with No. 6 Russia on Aug. 2 in Campinas, Brazil, followed by No. 15 Poland on Aug. 3 and host No. 2 Brazil on Aug. 4 in Pool A.
"Here in Brazil, we have a really tough pool and we have our work cut out for us," Kiraly said. "Russia is one of the world's great teams. Poland plays some really strong volleyball. They beat us a couple years ago when they hosted a leg of World Grand Prix, and we barely beat them later that year in the Final Round of the World Grand Prix. Poland is always very dangerous, and they were contending for an Olympic berth in the European zone. And of course, we have our work cut out for us playing Brazil on Brazilian soil. I think it is a great way to start out the World Grand Prix. I will guarantee you our athletes and our program will face some adversity this weekend. We like that. Nobody is going to do anything big on the world stage without facing down some adversity."
"Playing in Brazil is a pretty unique and special experience," said U.S. captain Kristin Hildebrand. "Up until now, the only time I have played in Brazil was in 2009 at the World Grand Prix in Rio De Janeiro. And to this day, it is one of the most memorable matches I have ever played in. Brazilians are passionate about volleyball - and as a result of that, the fan base is incredible wherever you go. It is going to be a pretty fun atmosphere on Sunday."
After the opening weekend in Brazil, the Americans then travel to Belgrade, Serbia, for Pool F to play No. 14 Algeria on Aug. 9, No. 19 Netherlands on Aug. 10 and host No. 9 Serbia on Aug. 11. The U.S. travels to Sendai, Japan, for the final preliminary round weekend to play No. 24 Czech Republic on Aug. 16, host No. 3 Japan on Aug. 17 and No. 43 Bulgaria on Aug. 18 in Pool M action. Overall, four of Team USA's matches are against countries in the top 10 with overall opponent world ranking of 15.0.
Kiraly, in his first year leading the program after serving as an assistant coach from 2009 to 2012, will be making his head coaching debut in an FIVB event. From the team's 22-player preliminary roster submitted in June, Kiraly can select 14-players for each preliminary round weekend and designate 12 players for each match.
Olympians on the preliminary roster include five-time Olympian Danielle Scott (Baton Rouge, La.) and two-time Olympian Nicole Davis (Stockton, Calif.), who both won silver medals at the past two Olympic Games. Joining them on the roster are 2012 Olympic silver medalists Christa Harmotto (Hopewell Township, Pa.), Tama Miyashiro (Kaneohe, Hawaii) and Courtney Thompson (Kent, Wash.).
The Americans' World Grand Prix preliminary roster includes Thompson, Alisha Glass (Leland, Mich.) and Jenna Hagglund (West Chester, Ohio). The liberos are Davis, Miyashiro and Kayla Banwarth (Dubuque, Iowa). The opposites are Alaina Bergsma (Chandler, Ariz.), Juliann Faucette (San Diego), Nicole Fawcett (Zanesfield, Ohio) and Kelly Murphy (Wilmington, Ill.).
The outside hitters are Kristin Hildebrand (Orem, Utah), Kim Hill (Portland, Ore.), Regan Hood (Carrollton, Texas), Alix Klineman (Manhattan Beach, Calif.), Cassidy Lichtman (Poway, Calif.) and Sonja Newcombe (Lake Arrowhead, Calif.). The middle blockers are Harmotto, Scott, Rachael Adams (Cincinnati, Ohio), Lauren Gibbemeyer (St. Paul, Minn.), Cursty Jackson (Los Angeles) and Lauren Paolini (Ann Arbor, Mich.).
"The composition of this team is different than the teams in the past that won the Grand Prix, but I am absolutely confident that this team can compete for the gold medal. We have been training really hard, and I am really excited to see how that hard work pays off as we make our way through this tournament."
For the opening weekend in Brazil, Kiraly has selected setters Glass and Hagglund, liberos Banwarth and Miyashiro, opposites Fawcett and Murphy, outside hitters Hildebrand, Hill, Hood and Lichtman, and middle blockers Adams, Harmotto, Gibbemeyer and Paolini.
"We have been working hard and training a big group," Kiraly said. "We keep close to 30 athletes in the gym. The toughest thing is trying to narrow that group down to the athletes who travel to World Grand Prix. But training went well. We got after it. We are excited with the group we have here."
The U.S. recently hosted No. 3 Japan in the USA Volleyball Cup and won all three matches in the series held in Southern California. Kiraly feels that experience will benefit Team USA in a variety of ways, including future events hosted in the United States.
"I think it was fantastic to be able to get lots of USA athletes out on the court out in front of large and spirited crowds and play a world-class team in Japan," Kiraly said. "It was a really good experience. If anything, it was probably better preparation for the NORCECA Championship than for World Grand Prix because we are expecting some nice crowds, and we are not used to big, enthusiastic American crowds. So it was great for two reasons: to get used to a large home crowd and get lots of people some meaningful playing time against a quality opponent. One of the big focuses for 2013 or every year after the Olympics is a great time to give some new faces some experience so that the USA Volleyball Cup fit the bill."
"The USA Volleyball Cup with Japan was a really good opportunity for us to play one of the best teams in the world in front of big crowds, giving us experience to perform in high pressure situations," Hildebrand said. "We are going to play a lot of great teams in some really crazy atmospheres over the next few weeks, and I believe that our matches with Japan will have prepared us well."
Following the USA Volleyball Cup, Team USA not only continued its training at the American Sports Centers in Anaheim, Calif., but also became mentors for the U.S. Girls' Youth National Team (GYNT) that was sharing the same gym as it prepared for the FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship.
"Training has been going well," Kiraly said. "We got a couple weeks in at the American Sports Centers after we finished with Japan. The U.S. Girls' Youth National Team was still around for that week following the USAV Cup. It was great to share the gym with those athletes. A lot of our athletes stopped by and said hello and had some really meaningful things to say to the ladies as they headed off to Thailand. That team also beat Brazil as they worked through pool play. So our athletes got a little extra experience at mentoring and sharing some of their stories."
Since 2010, the U.S. has captured every FIVB World Grand Prix Final Round gold medal and recorded a 38-4 record in the event over the last three years. In 2012, the Americans used a Final Round roster with seven of the 12 Olympians – yet without the likes of 2012 Olympic Games starters Destinee Hooker (San Antonio, Texas) at opposite, outside hitters Logan Tom (Salt Lake City, Utah) and Jordan Larson (Hooper, Neb.), middle blocker Foluke Akinradewo (Plantation, Fla.) and setter Lindsey Berg (Honolulu) – and went undefeated against many countries using a full Olympic Games roster.
FIVB World Grand Prix Roster
# - Name (Position, Height, Spike Touch, Block Touch, Hometown, College)
1 - # Alisha Glass (S, 6-0, 10-0, 9-10, Leland, Mich., Penn State University)
2 - Danielle Scott (MB, 6-2, 10-8, 9-11, Baton Rouge, La., Long Beach State University)
3 - Courtney Thompson (S, 5-8, 9-0, 8-8, Kent, Wash., University of Washington)
4 - Sonja Newcombe (OH, 6-1, 10-0, 9-10, Lake Arrowhead, Calif., University of Oregon)
5 - # Tamari Miyashiro (L, 5-7, 9-4, 8-9, Kaneohe, Hawaii, University of Washington)
6 - Nicole Davis (L, 5-4, 9-4, 8-9, Stockton, Calif., University of Southern California)
7 - # Cassidy Lichtman (OH, 6-1, 9-10, 9-2, Poway, Calif., Stanford University)
8 - # Lauren Gibbemeyer (MB, 6-2, 10-1, 9-7, St. Paul, Minn., University of Minnesota)
9 - Alix Klineman (OH, 6-5, 10-7, 9-8, Manhattan Beach, Calif., Stanford University)
10 - # Kristin Hildebrand (OH, 6-1, 9-10, 9-4, Orem, Utah, Stanford University)
11 - Alaina Bergsma (OPP, 6-3, 10-4, 9-10, Chandler, Ariz., University of Oregon)
12 - # Kayla Banwarth (L, 5-10, 9-8, 9-3, Dubuque, Iowa, University of Nebraska)
13 - # Christa Harmotto (MB, 6-2, 10-7, 9-10, Hopewell Township, Pa., Penn State University)
14 - # Nicole Fawcett (OPP, 6-4, 10-2, 9-7, Zanesfield, Ohio, Penn State University)
15 - # Kelly Murphy (OPP, 6-2, 10-4, 10-1, Wilmington, Ill., University of Florida)
16 - # Kim Hill (OH, 6-4, 10-6, 10-2, Portland, Ore., Pepperdine University)
17 - # Lauren Paolini (MB, 6-4, 10-5, 9-10, Ann Arbor, Mich., University of Texas)
18 - # Regan Hood (OH, 6-2, 10-3, 10-0, Dallas, Texas, LSU)
19 - Juliann Faucette (OPP, 6-2, 10-6. 10-1, San Diego, Calif., University of Texas)
20 - # Jenna Hagglund (S, 5-10, 9-7, 9-6, West Chester, Ohio, University of Washington)
21 - Cursty Jackson (MB, 6-2, 10-6, 10-2, Los Angeles, Calif., University of Arizona)
22 - # Rachael Adams (MB, 6-2, 10-5, 10-1, Cincinnati, Ohio, University of Texas)
# - Selected for Week 1 Roster
Head Coach: Karch Kiraly
Assistant Coaches: Reed Sunahara, Tom Black (Weeks 1 & 2), Cecile Reynaud (Week 3 & Final Round)
Technical Coordinator: Joe Trinsey
Athletic Trainer: Jill Wosmek
Team Leader: Cecile Reynaud (Weeks 1 & 2), Kenny Sullivan (Week 3 & Final Round)
2013 FIVB World Grand Prix Schedule (all match times local)
Pool A – Campinas, Brazil
Aug. 2: United States vs. Russia, 4:30 p.m.
Aug. 2: Brazil vs. Poland, 7 p.m.
Aug. 3: Brazil vs. Russia, 10 a.m.
Aug. 3: United States vs. Poland, 12:30 p.m.
Aug. 4: Brazil vs. United States, 10 a.m.
Aug. 4: Russia vs. Poland, 12:30 p.m.
Pool B – San Domingo, Dominican Republic
Aug. 2: Puerto Rico vs. Czech Republic, 5 p.m.
Aug. 2: Dominican Republic vs. Serbia, 7:30 p.m.
Aug. 3: Serbia vs. Czech Republic, 2:30 p.m.
Aug. 3: Dominican Republic vs. Puerto Rico, 5 p.m.
Aug. 4: Serbia vs. Puerto Rico, 2:30 p.m.
Aug. 4: Dominican Republic vs. Czech Republic, 5 p.m.
Pool C – Ankara, Turkey
Aug. 2: Turkey vs. Algeria, 2 p.m.
Aug. 2: Thailand vs. Japan, 5 p.m.
Aug. 3: Algeria vs. Japan, 2 p.m.
Aug. 3: Turkey vs. Thailand, 5 p.m.
Aug. 4: Thailand vs. Algeria, 2 p.m.
Aug. 4: Turkey vs. Japan, 5 p.m.
Pool D – Macau, China
Aug. 2: Cuba vs. Netherlands, 5 p.m.
Aug. 2: China vs. Bulgaria, 8:30 p.m.
Aug. 3: Bulgaria vs. Netherlands, 2:30 p.m.
Aug. 3: China vs. Cuba, 5 p.m.
Aug. 4: Bulgaria vs. Cuba, 1 p.m.
Aug. 4: China vs. Netherlands, 3:30 p.m.
Pool E – Montichiari, Italy
Aug. 2: Germany vs. Kazakhstan, 5:30 p.m.
Aug. 2: Italy vs. Argentina, 8:30 p.m.
Aug. 3: Germany vs. Argentina, 5:30 p.m.
Aug. 3: Italy vs. Kazakhstan, 8:30 p.m.
Aug. 4: Argentina vs. Kazakhstan, 5:30 p.m.
Aug. 4: Italy vs. Germany, 8:45 p.m.
Pool F – Belgrade, Serbia
Aug. 9: Serbia vs. Netherlands, 5:30 p.m.
Aug. 9: United States vs. Algeria, 8:15 p.m.
Aug. 10: Algeria vs. Serbia, 5:30 p.m.
Aug. 10: United States vs. Netherlands, 8:15 p.m.
Aug. 11: Netherlands vs. Algeria, 5:30 p.m.
Aug. 11: United States vs. Serbia, 8:15 p.m.
Pool G – Mayaguez, Puerto Rico
Aug. 9: Dominican Republic vs. Brazil, 5 p.m.
Aug. 9: Puerto Rico vs. Bulgaria, 8 p.m.
Aug. 10: Brazil vs. Bulgaria, 5 p.m.
Aug. 10: Dominican Republic vs. Puerto Rico, 8 p.m.
Aug. 11: Bulgaria vs. Dominican Republic, 2 p.m.
Aug. 11: Puerto Rico vs. Brazil, 5 p.m.
Pool H – Plock, Poland
Aug. 9: Germany vs. Japan, 5:30 p.m.
Aug. 9: Poland vs. Kazakhstan, 8 p.m.
Aug. 10: Japan vs. Kazakhstan, 5:30 p.m.
Aug. 10: Poland vs. Germany, 8 p.m.
Aug. 11: Kazakhstan vs. Germany, 5:30 p.m.
Aug. 11: Poland vs. Japan, 8 p.m.
Pool I – Hong Kong, China
Aug. 9: Turkey vs. Argentina, 6 p.m.
Aug. 9: China vs. Czech Republic, 8:30 p.m.
Aug. 10: Turkey vs. Czech Republic, 1:15 p.m.
Aug. 10: China vs. Argentina, 3:45 p.m.
Aug. 11: Argentina vs. Czech Republic, 1:15 p.m.
Aug. 11: China vs. Turkey, 3:45 p.m.
Pool J – Ekaterinburg, Russia
Aug. 9: Italy vs. Russia, 5 p.m.
Aug. 9: Cuba vs. Thailand, 7:30 p.m.
Aug. 10: Thailand vs. Russia, 5 p.m.
Aug. 10: Cuba vs. Italy, 7:30 p.m.
Aug. 11: Russia vs. Cuba, 5 p.m.
Aug. 11: Italy vs. Thailand, 7:30 p.m.
Pool K – Almaty, Kazakhstan
Aug. 16: Cuba vs. Brazil, 3 p.m.
Aug. 16: Kazakhstan vs. Netherlands, 6 p.m.
Aug. 17: Brazil vs. Netherlands, 3 p.m.
Aug. 17: Kazakhstan vs. Cuba, 6 p.m.
Aug. 18: Cuba vs. Netherlands, 3 p.m.
Aug. 18: Kazakhstan vs. Brazil, 6 p.m.
Pool L – Bangkok, Thailand
Aug. 16: Thailand vs. Puerto Rico, 4 p.m.
Aug. 16: Germany vs. Russia, 6:30 p.m.
Aug. 17: Russia vs. Puerto Rico, 2 p.m.
Aug. 17: Thailand vs. Germany, 4:30 p.m.
Aug. 18: Puerto Rico vs. Germany, 2 p.m.
Aug. 18: Russia vs. Thailand, 4:30 p.m.
Pool M – Sendai, Japan
Aug. 16: United States vs. Czech Republic, 3:30 p.m.
Aug. 16: Japan vs. Bulgaria, 6:15 p.m.
Aug. 17: Japan vs. United States, 12:30 p.m.
Aug. 17: Czech Republic vs. Bulgaria, 3:30 p.m.
Aug. 18: Japan vs. Czech Republic, 12:30 p.m.
Aug. 18: United States vs. Bulgaria, 3:30 p.m.
Pool N – Wuhan, China
Aug. 16: Serbia vs. Poland, 4 p.m.
Aug. 16: China vs. Argentina, 7:30 p.m.
Aug. 17: Argentina vs. Serbia, 4 p.m.
Aug. 17: China vs. Poland, 7:30 p.m.
Aug. 18: Poland vs. Argentina, 4 p.m.
Aug. 18: China vs. Serbia, 7:30 p.m.
Pool O – Kaohsiung City, Chinese Taipei
Aug. 16: Italy vs. Algeria, 3 p.m.
Aug. 16: Turkey vs. Dominican Republic, 6 p.m.
Aug. 17: Algeria vs. Turkey, 3 p.m.
Aug. 17: Italy vs. Dominican Republic, 5:30 p.m.
Aug. 18: Dominican Republic vs. Algeria, 3 p.m.
Aug. 18: Italy vs. Turkey, 5:30 p.m.


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