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Coffee Chronicles: Coffee Cupping for the Lonely at Cafe Grumpy
I'm going to single myself out from very many coffee heads' and some of my friends' when I say that I am not a fan of cupping. It's that session of sipping and slurping, pinpointing flavor identities and associations, like a stream-of-consciousness report on everything your taste buds can imagine.
I'm horrible at describing even my most sensual or passionate experiences. No written description of the "roasted hazelnuts" or "freshly picked berries" will sway me as the positive direction if I'm simply not feeling the way a coffee tastes. Having been involved in cuppings with various groups of people—friends, strangers, coffee professionals, the coffee-uneducated media—I've heard words never even associated with coffee: wood, banana bread, motor oil. And I feel inadequate when I hear a description I wish I'd thought of. Like "a piece of toasted zucchini bread." Who wouldn't want to think of that in their morning coffee?
So, I prefer the Solitaire version of cupping. Every morning, I like to extract my coffee in a variety of ways, to see how the flavors morph with grind size and infusion time. Every week a different set of beans. Coffee education is necessary, no matter how it's done—in groups, alone, or with your best friend. So even though I don't really enjoy sipping and slurping, I'll taste absolutely anything you want me to.
In Chelsea (and Park Slope and Greenpoint), Cafe Grumpy has started concocting "coffee flights" for $6, three 4-ounce samples of what's on tap. Coffee cupping for the lonely souls. Six bucks may seem extreme for 12 ounces of coffee, but each one is Clover-crafted, and requires about five minutes of coffee dedication to prepare. This week, the offerings included a Guatemalan and El Salvador roasted by Cafe Grumpy, and a Panamanian roasted by Verve. One trademark of the Clover, if set to the right temperature, brew time, water, etc., is the absolute fidelity to the bean, all the unnecessary and unwanted chemicals wiped away, leaving a clean, perfectly-extracted brew—the machine-version of my favorite method, the Chemex. Each coffee had drastically different flavor profiles, made obvious in such close proximity.
My tasting notes soared above and beyond my usual flavor creativity. The Panamanian smelled like ripe tomatoes, and on first sip, reminded me of a bowl of Fruit Loops. The Guatemalan was full bodied and lingered in my mouth well after; it recalled biting into a chocolate-covered grape. The El Salvador mellowed out my overactive taste buds, providing a balanced cup of joe, which got more complex and brighter as it cooled.
But here's my critique: Since the barista was making the coffee on only one Clover, by the time the third coffee is prepared, the first two have cooled considerably. Once coffees dip way beyond boiling temperature, they begin to take on different—and sometimes not very pleasant—characteristics. The typed note included with the flight states to "sip while hot, and taste how the coffees change as they cool." If the Panamanian lingers near 170 degrees, while the El Salvador is served instantaneously at 200, how would you really get to taste the way they were all intended? You can't brew 3 coffees as a time on a single Clover, so there's no way around it. The Guatemalan lost some of its depth as it cooled, so I imagine it would've been a complex cup first thing in the morning. (Note: Those who don't want a replacement for their morning orange juice will want to choose the El Salvador as a small coffee option.)
Perhaps it's better to do a coffee tasting rather than a wine tasting alone. For one, people don't feel as bad for you, sitting alone and sipping, contemplating. It can be done any hour of the day, but preferably not at a busy time, since it takes the barista a few minutes to make. This is the only coffee shop that I know of that serves coffee like something to be studied and analyzed. They might make me rethink the way I feel about cupping, especially if their coffee options change often.
On a final note, I am open to any reader dates who are willing to convince me that social cupping is actually fun. You pick the time and place.
All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.


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subset: commoncrawl


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Pokémon "Time For Adventure" Tee for Boys
Size Guide
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- Tee hits below waist.
Fulfillment Method - Pickup or Ship
Select a store to check Curbside Pickup product availability
- Rib-knit crew neck.
- Short sleeves.
- Pokémon "Time For Adventure" graphic across front features Pikachu, Squirtle, Bulbasaur and Charmander.
- Super-soft, heathered jersey has a vintage look and feel.
- Tag-free label and pieced trim inside neck and shoulders for added comfort & durability.
- © 2019 The Pokémon Company International. & ® Nintendo.
- #481337
- 50% polyester, 50% cotton
- Machine wash cold, tumble dry low.
- Imported.
- FREE on orders of $50 or more
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- No returns or exchanges on final sale items
- By mail: To create a prepaid UPS or USPS return shipping label, use our interactive returns process
- In store: with shipping confirmation email (printed or on mobile device) and card used for purchase


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One-Page Review: Mark Puls, Henry Knox
Henry Knox was the commander of the U.S. army artillery from late 1775 through the end of the Revolutionary War, and then Secretary of War under the Continental Congress and President George Washington—a significant figure in American military and political history.
Knox was also one of the definite "winners" of the Revolution, coming out significantly ahead of how he went in. In 1770 he was a fatherless apprentice bookseller with charm, intelligence, ambition, and very few assets. Twenty years later, he was a popular army commander, a powerful national figure, and a major landowner in Maine. Knox succeeded through both hard work and good fortune: the Revolution opened up paths to the top of society for him, and he also inherited a lot of property from his wife Lucy's Loyalist father.
I'm very intrigued by Henry Knox, and I was eager to see Mark Puls's Henry Knox: Visionary General of the American Revolution, published this year by Palgrave Macmillan. It's the first full biography of Knox in decades. After examining the book, however, I decided not to write a full review. Instead, I'm going to sum up my thoughts by discussing a single page.
A sentence near the top of page 31 says:
After Colonel William Prescott was found guilty of "threatening and abusing a number of persons," a court-martial sentenced him to the humiliation of riding "the wooden Horse, fifteen minutes."Prescott was the commander in the provincial redoubt on Breed's Hill. Was he really sentenced to this painful humiliation? This sentence comes with a citation to Washington's general orders for 10 July 1775, but what that document actually says is:
The General Court Martial of which Col. William Prescott was president having tried William Pattin of Col. [Richard] Gridley's [artillery] regiment, and found him guilty of "threatening and abusing a number of persons, when prisoner in the Quarter Guard." The Court sentence the prisoner to ride the wooden Horse, fifteen minutes.Prescott was thus the chief judge in this case, not the defendant. The man punished for threatening and insulting his guards was William Pattin. (Pattin had been in Capt. Samuel Gridley's artillery company early in the Battle of Bunker Hill, and was compensated 18s. by the Massachusetts Provincial Congress for personal property he lost there. Col. Jonathan Ward had ordered him confined on the charge of "leaving his post on guard." Pattin's court-martial was scheduled for early July, but no one showed up to provide evidence against him. Nevertheless, Washington decided not to free him "untill farther consideration." So Pattin might have felt that "threatening and abusing" words were justified by the situation. But I digress.)
The next paragraph on page 31 contains a sentence that spells Gen. Nathanael Greene's last name two different ways; that's a proofreading lapse. But it gives me just enough of an excuse to discuss how earlier, on page 21, the book states that Knox and Greene had met in Boston before the war. I suspect that information came from a footnote in Noah Brooks's Henry Knox, a Soldier of the Revolution, published in 1900. Unfortunately, Brooks was relying on (and quoting) the fictional diary of Dorothy Dudley, composed and published in 1876. Knox and Greene probably didn't meet until they were both on the provincial siege lines in the summer of 1775.
The final paragraph on page 31 starts:
The next day, Knox was relieved that she [his wife Lucy] had left the camp when the British artillery opened a cannonade on the American position. Henry was not impressed with these grenadiers, who were not as skilled as the gunners aboard the battleships who leveled Charlestown.Here the author is obviously under the impression that the British soldiers behind that cannonade were "grenadiers." Grenadiers were specialized infantry troops, not artillerists. This wouldn't be a big problem except that this book is about an artillery commander.
The citation for this passage quotes Henry's letter to his younger brother William, dated 25 Sept 1775:
Last Friday Lucy dined at General Washington's. Last Saturday, let it be remembered to the honor and skill of the British troops, that they fired 104 cannon-shot at [our] works, at not a greater distance than half point blank shot,—and did what? Why, scratched a man's face with the splinters of a rail-fence!That letter says nothing about Knox feeling "relieved" about his wife's safety. For one thing, Washington's headquarters, where Lucy had dined, was the Cambridge mansion now known as Longfellow House [open for tours this month every Thursday through Saturday]. That was miles away from the fortified "works" that Knox described the British guns reaching. Lucy had never been in danger from a cannonade.
A more systematic lapse of this book, I think, is that this is far from the only time it puts an emotion into Henry Knox's head not justified by his own words. It often states what he was thinking or what he saw when there's little or no evidence for those statements. Yes, we can make a logical case that Knox was "was relieved" when his wife was far out of firing range, or that he "often watched the British soldiers drill" in Boston in 1774. But without letters, journals, or other documents as evidence, a historian or biographer should be clear what are suppositions and what are facts.
It's a shame that the early part of Henry Knox's life is poorly documented. I'd love to know more about his growing up, when and how he got out of Boston during the war, and how he jumped from being an unranked volunteer to commanding the Continental Artillery. But we don't have definite answers. Most of Knox's biographers have been popular writers, not scholars, and have filled in the gaps in the record with legends and speculation. This new book is part of that tradition.


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Search Results
There are 4 item(s) tagged with the keyword "Center for Biological Diversity".
- Displaying: 1 - 4 of 4
- 3. Center for Biological Diversity: Turning Grizzlies on Arizona's Rural Families
When will the average Arizona voter stop giving any credence to these radical environmental knuckleheads? Groups like the Center for Biological Diversity (CBD) and Sierra Club use the ESA (Endangered Species Act) to deny American citizens our Constitutional protections of individual liberties and property rights.
It isn't enough that they have used lawsuits to stop cattle grazing, logging, and badly needed forest thinning projects throughout Arizona and New Mexico. The pile-up of combustibles has frequently exploded into the most catastrophic fires in U.S. history, including the 2002 Rodeo-Chediski Fire.
Stop and think about that. They stop actions that remove forest underbrush, which leads to monumental fires that burn up the forests and hundreds of millions of animals, and pours toxic carbon into the atmosphere. These groups are on a mission to protect "endangered" plants and animals and the environment? They are doing everything they can to destroy it!
It isn't enough that these groups have set Mexican wolves loose on rural citizens in Arizona and New Mexico.Now, this evil Tucson-based group of power hungry, tantrum throwing degenerates wants to turn Grizzlies loose in the Grand Canyon and in our backyards.These groups are no different than the villains in old western movies rampaging from one frontier town to another.Grizzlies used to roam all over the west...until nasty varmints called people moved here. Ah, now we know the real enemy, don't we. Humans.
Look at this statement from Noah Greenwald, director of the Center for Biological Diversity:Click here to read more
- 4. Thorpe Critic has Libelous Past
The following letter to the editor, written by Anita Christy, was recently published in both the Payson Roundup and the Arizona Republican Caucus.
"This is a response to a recent Op-Ed (April 30) written by Kieran Suckling, executive director of the Center for Biological Diversity. It was titled, "Lawmaker Embraces A Racist And Violent Movement." Suckling made numerous false statements about Arizona Representative Bob Thorpe, Cliven Bundy, and the Americans who traveled to Nevada to stand with Mr. Bundy.
"How could I forget that name? Kieran Suckling. He, along with three other employees of the Center for Biological Diversity, were ordered to pay $600,000 in a lawsuit back in 2005. The judge in that case awarded this amount to Jim Chilton, a fifth generation Southern Arizona Rancher. The press release stated that Executive Director Kieran Suckling "set the tone for making false statements" against Mr. Chilton. In fact, the Center for Biological Diversity was found guilty of making "false, unfair, libelous and defamatory statements" against Jim Chilton. Suckling and his Center for Biological Diversity went so far as to use misleading photographs in an unsuccessful attempt to block the renewal of Chilton's grazing permit.
"The lawsuit-happy Center for Biological Diversity makes its living off of suing the federal government. It has received over $2 million in taxpayer dollars between 2009-2012 in settlement costs resulting from Endangered Species Act (ESA) related attorney fees and court cases.
"Suckling falsely calls Cliven Bundy a ranting, disgraced racist. This accusation is based on a video tape of Cliven Bundy that was heavily "edited" to distort his statements. This hacked up video traveled like wildfire from one media outlet to another. In response, one of Bundy's volunteer body guards, who happens to be African American, spoke in defense of Cliven Bundy stating "I'd take a bullet for him." A black Marine who was with Bundy stated, "He might not be tactful, but one thing he isn't. He isn't a racist."
"Suckling calls the militia who arrived to defend Bundy thugs. But he purposely ignores the fact that the BLM arrived first, heavily armed, and posted snipers on hilltops. It was the BLM that blared over loudspeakers to unarmed men and women, including a Fox news reporter, "Leave the area or you will be fired upon." The BLM thugs tased unarmed citizens, and even threw an unarmed woman to the ground. The BLM has a long history of thuggish cattle seizures.
"Kieran Suckling, known for making libelous, false statements, has attempted to damage the reputation of one of the finest representatives in the state of Arizona: Bob Thorpe.
"Thank you, Representative Thorpe, for demonstrating great courage by standing up for what's right."Click here to read more
Payson, AZ
- Displaying: 1 - 4 of 4


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PHOENIX (Monday, September 12, 2011) -- Arizona Attorney General Tom Horne today announced that his office obtained a preliminary injunction prohibiting Abode Air, as well as owner Ron Dew, from soliciting any Arizona consumers by telephone. After a two day hearing in which approximately 26 consumers testified, the court specifically found that Abode Air violated the Arizona Consumer Fraud Act by repeatedly calling consumers after they asked to not be called, and by calling consumers who were on the national Do-Not-Call Registry. Testimony at the hearing established that thousands of consumers have filed complaints regarding Abode Air's telemarketing practices with various law enforcement agencies. Also, the Registrar of Contractors revoked Abode Air's Contractor license on September 7, 2011, for reasons other than telemarketing. The company is a Tempe-based air conditioning and heating service and installation company. The Attorney General's Office and the Better Business Bureau have received hundreds of consumer complaints regarding Abode Air's telephone solicitations, many from senior citizens.
Back in July, AG Horne warned consumers of Abode Air and their deceptive phone practices. Litigation is continuing in Maricopa County Superior Court.
This matter is being handled by Assistant Attorney General Cherie Howe of the Consumer Protection and Advocacy Section.
If you believe you have been a victim of consumer fraud, please contact the Attorney General's Office in Phoenix at (602) 542-5763, in Tucson at (520) 628-6504, or outside the Phoenix and Tucson metro areas at 1(800) 352-8431. Consumers can also file complaints online by visiting the Attorney General's web site at www.azag.gov. To file a complaint in person, the Attorney General has satellite offices throughout the state. Location and hours of operation are posted on the Attorney General's web site.
For more information about the national Do-Not-Call registry, including information on how to file a consumer complaint, visit the official website at https://donotcall.gov/default.aspx


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Would you like to chat with other Kongming's Archives viewers and members from our forum, Scholars of Shen Zhou? We've recently launched an IRC chat room (in IRC terms, a 'channel') which allows you to do just that! All you need to do is download an IRC client and enter our channel's connection information. Not familiar with IRC? No problem! Click here for step-by-step instructions.
Our IRC channel is young so there may not be much activity—at least initially. Join in, chat, and leave it open in the background. If enough people participate it should evolve into a lively discussion room before long. We hope to see you there!
Simulated RTK, the online Romance of the Three Kingdoms role-playing game, also has an IRC channel. If you participate at SimRTK you probably already knew this—the SimRTK channel has been lively with discussion for years now—but regardless, we've also included detailed step-by-step instructions on how to join SimRTK's chat group as well.


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Sun Fin wrote:Thanks for all your hard work staff! I know you're all volunteers and are maintaining this site in your spare time and we do appreciate your efforts in keeping on top of the latest wave of spam!
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5 Herbs to Increase Focus, Productivity AND Reduce Anxiety
A specific category of herbs, those considered adaptogens, can simultaneously improve focus and productivity while relieving anxiety. They work by helping the body cope with, and resist the effects of stress, properties that originated because the plants themselves have a unique ability to 'adapt' to stressors and other challenges in their environment. Continue reading


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LOL! That sounds familiar. Except for the talking-on-the-phone part. We tend to use IM (except for conference calls). But lots of key tapping and mouse clicking...having_wandered wrote:I push little plastic keys and click mouse buttons all day long. I also talk on the phone a lot...often to a computer on the other end. Somehow I get paid for that.
Welcome to Derby Talk!


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William Butler Yeats
William Butler Yeats [W.B. Yeats] (13 June 1865 – 28 January 1939 / County Dublin / Ireland)
» Click to list general statistics » OR, select a date :
John Kinsella's Lament For Mr. Mary Moore
A BLOODY and a sudden end,
Gunshot or a noose,
For Death who takes what man would keep,
Leaves what man would lose.
read more >>
- Hits: Number of visitors who read the poem on the given date.
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OK this sounds easy, and it looks like we understand the bottlenecks in big data analytics. But this paper argues that there is a need to put more work into understanding the performance of big data analytics framework, and shows that at least for Spark on the benchmarks and workloads they tried (see Table 1), there are some counter intuitive results. For Spark, the network is not much of a bottleneck: Network optimizations can only reduce job completion time by a median of at most 2%. The disk is more of a bottleneck than the network: Optimizing/eliminating disk accesses can reduce job completion time by a median of at most 19%. But most interestingly, the paper shows that CPU is often the bottleneck for Spark, so engineers should be careful about trading off I/O time for CPU time using more sophisticated serialization and compression techniques.
This is a bit too much to digest at once, so let's start with the observations about disk versus network bottlenecks in Spark. Since shuffled data is always written to disk and read from the disk, the disk constitutes more of a bottleneck than the network in Spark. (Here is a great Spark refresher. Yes RDDs help, but pipelining is possible only within a stage. Across the stages, shuffling is needed, and the intermediate shuffled data is always written to and read from the disk.)
To elaborate more on this point, the paper says: "One reason network performance has little effect on job completion time is that the data transferred over the network is a subset of data transferred to disk, so jobs bottleneck on the disk before bottlenecking on the network [even using a 1Gbps network]." While prior work has found much larger improvements from optimizing network performance, the paper argues that prior work focused mostly on workloads where shuffle data is equal to the amount of input data, which is not representative of typical workloads (where shuffle data is around one third of input data). Moreover the paper argues, prior work used incomplete metrics, conflating the CPU and network utilization. (More on this later below, where we discuss the blocked time analysis introduced in this paper.)
OK, now for the CPU being the bottleneck, isn't that what we want? If the CPU becomes the bottleneck (and not the network and the disk), we can add more machines to it to improve processing time. (Of course there is a side effect that this will in turn create more need for network and disk usage to consolidate the extra machines. But adding more machines is still an easy route to take until adding machines start to harm.) But I guess there is good CPU utilization, and not-so-good CPU utilization, and the paper takes issue with the latter. If you have already a lot overhead/waste associated with your CPU processing, it will be easier to speed up your framework by adding more machines, but that doesn't necessarily make your framework an efficient framework as it is argued in "Scalability, but at what COST?".
So I guess, the main criticisms in this paper for Spark is that Spark is not utilizing the CPU efficiently and leaves a lot of performance on the table. Given the simplicity of the computation in some workloads, the authors were surprised to find the computation to be CPU bound. The paper blames this CPU over-utilization on the following factors. One reason is that Spark frameworks often store compressed data (in increasingly sophisticated formats, e.g. Parquet), trading CPU time for I/O time. They found that if they instead ran queries on uncompressed data, most queries became I/O bound. A second reason that CPU time is large is an artifact of the decision to write Spark in Scala, which is based on Java: "after being read from disk, data must be deserialized from a byte buffer to a Java object". They find that for some queries considered, as much as half of the CPU time is spent deserializing and decompressing data. Scala is high-level language and has overheads; for one query that they re-wrote in C++ instead of Scala, they found that the CPU time reduced by a factor of more than 2x.
It seems like Spark is paying a lot of performance penalty for their selection of Scala as the programming language. It turns out the programming language selection was also a factor behind the stragglers: Using their blocked time analysis technique, the authors identify the two leading causes of Spark stragglers as Java's garbage collection and time to transfer data to and from disk. The paper also mentions that optimizing stragglers can only reduce job completion time by a median of at most 10%, and in 75% of queries, they can identify the cause of more than 60% of stragglers.
Blocked time analysisA major contribution of the paper is to introduce "blocked time analysis" methodology to enable deeper analysis of end-to-end performance in data analytics frameworks.
It is too complicated to infer job bottlenecks by just looking at log of parallel tasks. Instead the paper argues, we should go with the resources perspective, and try to infer how much faster would the job complete if tasks were never blocked on the network. The blocked time analysis method instruments the application to measure performance, uses simulations to find improved completion time while taking new scheduling opportunities into account.
ConclusionsIn sum, this paper raised more questions than it answered for me, but that is not necessarily a bad thing. I am OK with being confused, and I am capable of holding ambivalent thoughts in my brain. These are minimal (necessary but not sufficient) requirements for being a researcher. I would rather have unanswered questions than unquestioned answers. (Aha, of course, that was a Feynman quote. "I would rather have questions that can't be answered than answers that can't be questioned." --Richard Feynman)
This analysis was done for Spark. The paper makes the analysis tools and traces available online so that others can replicate the results. The paper does not claim that these results are broadly representative and apply to other big data analytics frameworks.
Frank McSherry and University of Cambridge Computing Lab take issue with generalizability of the results, and run some experiments on the timely dataflow framework. Here are their post1 and post2 on that.
The results do not generalize for machine learning frameworks, where network is still the significant bottleneck, and optimizing the network can give up to 75% gains in performance.


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91% ECMAScript 2015 (ES6) supportIn V8 release 4.9 we shipped more JavaScript ES2015 features than in any other previous release, bringing us to 91% completion as measured by the Kangax compatibility table (as of January 26). V8 now supports destructuring, default parameters, Proxy objects, and the Reflect API. Release 4.9 also makes block level constructs such as
class and
let available outside of strict mode and adds support for the sticky flag on regular expressions and customizable
Object.prototype.toString output.
DestructuringVariable declarations, parameters, and assignments now support destructuring of objects and arrays via patterns. For example:
Array patterns can contain rest patterns that are assigned the remainder of the array:
let o = {a: [1, 2, 3], b: {p: 4}, c: {q: 5}};
let {a: [x, y], b: {p}, c, d} = o; // x=1, y=2, p=4, c={q: 5}
[x, y] = [y, x]; // x=2, y=1
function f({a, b}) { return [a, b] }
f({a: 4}) // [4, undefined]
Furthermore, pattern elements can be given default values, which are used in case the respective property has no match:
let [x, y, ...r] = [1, 2, 3, 4]; // x=1, y=2, r=[3,4]
Destructuring can be used to make accessing data from objects and arrays more compact.
let {a: x, b: y = x} = {a: 4}; // x=4, y=4
let [x, y = 0, z = 0] = [1, 2]; // x=1, y=2, z=0
Proxies & ReflectAfter years of development, V8 now ships with a complete implementation of proxies, up-to-date with the ES2015 spec. Proxies are a powerful mechanism for virtualizing objects and functions through a set of developer-provided hooks to customize property accesses. In addition to object virtualization, proxies can be used to implement interception, add validation for property setting, simplify debugging and profiling, and unlock advanced abstractions like membranes.
To proxy an object, you must create a handler placeholder object that defines various traps and apply it to the target object which the proxy virtualizes:
The Proxy object is accompanied by the Reflect module, which defines suitable defaults for all proxy traps:
let target = {};
let handler = {
get(target, name="world") {
return `Hello, ${name}!`;
let foo = new Proxy(target, handler);
foo.bar // "Hello, bar!"
For more information on the usage of Proxies and the Reflect API, see the examples section of the MDN Proxy page and look out for our upcoming Proxies article on the Web Fundamentals blog.
let debugMe = new Proxy({}, {
get(target, name, receiver) {
console.log(`Debug: get called for field: ${name}`);
return Reflect.get(target, name, receiver);
set(target, name, value, receiver) {
console.log(`Debug: set called for field: ${name}, and value: ${value}`);
return Reflect.set(target, name, value, receiver);
debugMe.name = "John Doe";
// Debug: set called for field: name, and value: John Doe
let title = `Mr. ${debugMe.name}`; // "Mr. John Doe"
// Debug: get called for field: name
Default ParametersIn ES5 and below, optional parameters in function definitions required boilerplate code to check whether parameters were undefined:
ES2015 now allows function parameters to have default values, providing for clearer and more succinct function definitions:
function sublist(list, start, end) {
if (typeof start === "undefined") start = 0;
if (typeof end === "undefined") end = list.length;
Default parameters and destructuring can be combined, of course:
function sublist(list, start = 0, end = list.length) { ... }
sublist([1, 2, 3], 1) // sublist([1, 2, 3], 1, 3)
function vector([x, y, z] = []) { ... }
Classes & lexical declarations in sloppy modeV8 has supported lexical declarations (
const, block-local
function) and classes since versions 4.1 and 4.2 respectively, but so far strict mode has been required in order to use them. As of V8 release 4.9, all of these features are now enabled outside of strict mode as well, per the ES2015 spec. This makes prototyping in the DevTools Console much easier, although we encourage developers in general to upgrade to strict mode for new code.
Regular expressionsV8 now supports the new sticky flag on regular expressions. The sticky flag toggles whether searches in strings start from the beginning of the string (normal) or from the
lastIndex property (sticky). This behavior is useful for efficiently parsing arbitrarily long input strings with many different regular expressions. To enable sticky searching, add the
y flag to a regex: (e.g.
var regex = /foo/y; ).
Customizable Object.prototype.toString outputUsing
Symbol.toStringTag, user-defined types can now return customized output when passed to
Object.prototype.toString (either directly or as a result of string coercion):
class Custom {
get [Symbol.toStringTag]() {
return "Custom"
Object.prototype.toString.call(new Custom) // "[object Custom]"
String(new Custom) // "[object Custom]"
Improved Math.random()V8 4.9 includes an improvement in the implementation of
Math.random(). As announced last month, we switched V8's PRNG algorithm to xorshift128+ in order to provide higher-quality pseudo-randomness.
V8 APIPlease check out our summary of API changes. This document gets regularly updated a few weeks after each major release.
Developers with an active V8 checkout can use
git checkout -b 4.9 -t branch-heads/4.9 to experiment with the new features in V8 4.9. Alternatively you can subscribe to Chrome's Beta channel and try the new features out yourself soon.
Posted by the V8 team


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|Eskadron Nicky Jersey Zip Jacket
|Product Label
Eskadron Horse Clothing was developed from the same creator of the famous Pikeur clothing brand. Eskadron products are developed with input from a range of top riders, including Ludger Beerbaum. The Eskadron range includes rugs, boots and saddlecloths and is one of the most innovative, high quality, fashionable brands on the market - ...
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Next day delivery from £5.95 - simply choose next day delivery at checkout.
*Saddles, some stable equipment, heavy & bulky items excluded.
Delivery cost will be calculated at checkout.
European delivery
Estimated delivery 5-7 days
Rest of the World
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Hassle Free Returns and Exchanges
Simply post your item back to us for a hassle free refund or exchange.


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The Regional Cuisine of South Asia in NYC, Part 3: Maharashtra, Mumbai, and Gujarat
More South Asian Eats
South Asian food in New York City is finally moving beyond tikka masala territory, and this week-long series will help you make the most of these heady times. Not sure of the difference between dosa and roti or how to distinguish good chaat from the rest? We've got you covered. Up today: Maharashtra, Mumbai, and Gujarat on India's western coast.
Maharashtra & Mumbai
Cooking from the state of Maharashtra (home to the city Mumbai, formerly known as Bombay) is virtually unknown in New York City—and that's entirely our loss. This sophisticated cuisine intermingles spicy-piquant, tangy-sweet, and nutty seasonings drawn from both north and south Indian cuisines. Goda masala, a Maharashtrian ground spice mixture that makes heavy use of coriander seeds, cumin, and toasted coconut, exemplifies that complex blend of distinct, yet complementary, flavors.
Those flavors are evident in the fish curry at Bombay Duck in the West Village. Hunks of mild tilapia float in tangy-savory gravy seasoned with sweet coconut milk, tangy tamarind, and fragrant ginger.
Mumbai's famous street snack, Vada Pav, is also on the menu at Bombay Duck. This version omits the customary garlic-chili chutney (milder mint and tomato-garlic chutneys are offered instead) and substitutes a hamburger bun for the traditional pav (bread rolls that are an enduring legacy of Portugal's colonial presence in Mumbai). But don't dismiss this vada out of hand. It's soft inside, with a crisp chickpea flour-battered outer edge, and virtually greaseless. In true Maharashtrian style, it's aggressively seasoned with peppery curry leaf and ample ginger.
Purists may be happier at Mumbai Xpress all the way out in Glen Oaks, Queens, where vada pav, bhel puri (Mumbai's beloved beach snack), and pav bhaji (another popular street meal) are all on the extensive menu of chaat (South Asian snacks) and fast food. Everything at Mumbai Xpress is made to order with fresh ingredients and flavorful chutneys, and their chaat is (arguably) the best in the city.
The tokri chaat, one of the stars on the menu, is a "basket" ("tokri" means "basket" in Hindi) constructed from grated and fried potato that holds a wonderfully sloppy mixture of chickpeas, sprouted lentils, and crunchy fried bits tossed with raw onion, salty-sulfurous spices, tangy-sweet chutneys, and cooling yogurt. (If you're not inclined to travel so far to get your snack fix, Desi Galli in "Curry Hill" and Thelewala in the West Village also make very good chaat.)
On the weekends, Mumbai Xpress serves Misal Pav, a hearty Maharashtrian street dish of chickpeas and sprouted lentils stewed with fragrant spices. It's topped with crunchy fried bits, raw onion, and eaten with toasted pav.
Mumbai's eclectic street food scene has also spawned several iconic sandwiches. The Original Bombay Sandwich at Bombay Sandwich Co. (newly relocated from Smorgasburg to Manhattan) gives Mumbai's famous toasted sandwich (layered with boiled potato, crunchy raw vegetables, piquant spices, and spicy-tangy and sweet chutneys) a Brooklyn-style, locavore makeover. All of their ingredients are local, and their innovative, incredibly flavorful chutneys are made from scratch.
Another sandwich native to Mumbai—available at Masala Times in the West Village—is Unda Bhurji Pav: eggs scrambled with onion, tomato, and spices; topped with tangy-sweet pickled onions; and loaded on a buttery griddled pav. It could revolutionize breakfast sandwiches here in New York, if only Masala Times opened before noon.
Indians from the state of Gujarat (bordering Maharashtra) have deep roots in the New York City area. Two prominent sweets and fast food shops specializing in Gujarati fare, Rajbhog Foods in Jackson Heights and Sukhadia's in Midtown, are headquartered in New Jersey and have retail shops in the city---and throughout the U.S. Yet Gujarati dishes are rarely found in more formal, sit-down restaurants here.
Vatan, a "Curry Hill" veteran known for its kitschy décor and vegetarian thalis, is one well-known option for Gujarati cuisine. A newer and better bet is Bhojan, which serves a mix of vegetarian Gujarati and Punjabi home-style dishes. Their Gujarati Thali* is an excellent introduction to the region's cuisine, which is known for its distinct sweetness and use of fresh beans.
* Thalis are trays that hold small servings of several main dishes, sides, and sweets. The dishes are selected by the chef and sometimes come with unlimited refills—like an all-you-can-eat buffet that comes to you.
Like most of the dishes in Bhojan's thali, the daal dhokli straddles the sweet-savory flavor divide. But this mild lentil soup, a favorite Gujarati comfort food, is special—pleasantly chewy shards of raw roti dough are boiled in the broth while it cooks (not unlike Chinese knife-shaved noodles). Also on the thali: shrikhand. strained and sweetened yogurt seasoned liberally with cardamom, a dessert that's popular in Gujarat and neighboring Maharashtra.
A rarer find is Undhyu, an effort-intensive Gujarati specialty, which Bhojan serves with deep-fried flatbread called puri. The dish combines eggplant, several root vegetables, and fresh beans (green peas, firm field peas, and fresh lima beans still in the pod) cooked with a flavorful seasoning (garlic, ginger, chilies, cilantro, and grated coconut ground together). Bhojan's notably spicy version features soft root vegetables and juicy beans. Scoop up mouthfuls with that oil-rich puri and enjoy a hearty winter meal.
Unfortunately, Gujarati snacks are not Bhojan's forte. For these, it's well worth trekking to the eastern fringes of Queens to visit Real Usha Sweets & Snacks in Floral Park. Dhokla, a signature Gujarati snack, is made in fresh batches each day at Real Usha. First, chana daal (the lentils inside black chickpeas) are ground and fermented overnight; then they're mildly seasoned with salt, sugar, lemon juice, and a pinch of turmeric and steamed. The result is a fluffy, soft, savory-sweet cake that could pass for homemade.
Another nore about Real Usha: their sweets are excellent, but be sure to ask what's fresh that day and order accordingly. On the weekend, the shop also sells take-away containers of Gujarati and Punjabi cooked vegetable dishes.
Additional reporting by Max Falkowitz, Malini Sood Horiuchi, Rabia Ahmed, Carolyn Lengel, Sunita Apte, Chichi Wang, Reena Geevarghese, Naomi Baumol, Ken Start, Jared Cohee, Purnima Sahgal, Padmashree Tadepalli, Sarah Khan, and Sara Markel-Gonzalez.
Stay tuned for more south Asian dispatches all week!
All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.


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Anyone else watching?
Nani has very much done his best this Tournament to prove more unlikeable than his mate on the Left Wing.
Not been impressed much by Negredo so far tho'
Yep. Just the usual stuff, cynical professional fouls either going unpunished or at worst a yellow card and a free kick which is generally infinitely less dangerous than the position the attacking team were in.
Really need to give the referee the option to sin bin or advance the free kick to a position where it is more dangerous than the position that preceded it. For goal line hand balls just give the goal. For last man situations give a penalty.
World Scrabble Champion 2014. National Scrabble Champion 2009, 2015.
Author of Word Addict
Countdown Series 57 Champion
King of the Arcade
ECB - you are a complete ****ing disgrace, #FTECB
Ronaldo is obviously a sensational player but he is also ****ing selfish
There were 2 Portugese free outside the box when he had a crack at that free kick from an impossible angle and his first, and generally only, thought is to shoot from anywhere
Fabregas on for Negredo - will be interesting to see how much better Spain are with 11 players rather than 10.
How the **** was that even a foul let alone a yellow card? Has FIFA outlawed going for headers?
Utterly absurd game when things like that get the same punishment as a cynical take-out during a counter attack. Actually they get a worse punishment because of the situation of the free kick versus what was happening previous to it.
If you get given a yellow in one match... then a yellow in the next match meaning you miss the match after... what happens if the umpire ****s up and on video it clearly shows it wasn't deserving of a yellow card (the other player takes a dive)? Are you allowed to appeal the decision to a tribunal or do you just have to take it on the chin?
Parmi | #1 draft pick | Jake King is **** | Big Bash League tipping champion of the universeCome and Paint Turtle
Sharapova-pironkova diverted my attention from this match, can't think why, they're actually more feminine in this game.
Do I contradict myself?
Very well then I contradict myself,
(I am large, I contain multitudes.
Walt Whitman
Don't get why Spain bring on Navas without a proper Centre Forward - is generally a more direct player than the rest of Spains midfield, yet he's kept waiting after getting forward too often because there's no-one in the box.
If they wanted to be serious about respecting the umpire then they should probably crack down on players running up to him and pushing/grabbing him itbt.
Multi-ball itbt.
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Though somewhat of a complex craft, the art of photographic printing isn't exactly rocket science—that is, until an artist like Boris Savelev approaches the process, and decides to push it further.
Savelev, who spent his working life in the former Soviet Union as a rocket engineer, brings the same methodical eye to his photography and printing process. He has experimented with color photography since the 1980s, but those early attempts left Savelev unsatisfied with the resulting colors. That dissatisfaction has become a theme for his artistic trajectory; since then he has tried various printing techniques for his photographs. Color Constructions, a new exhibition of his work, represents the apex of his experimentation in printmaking.
"I am writing my biography with them," Savelev says of his images and the reasoning behind the one-of-a-kind process he prepares himself. "With each new image prepared for printing, my impressions are sharpened and the final print takes on a bright expression, a personal character."
Savelev got his first major photographic opportunity in 1986. At the start of perestroika in the Soviet Union, Thomas Neurath of London's Thames and Hudson book publishers visited Moscow in search of "unofficial" artists, and selected Savelev's work. A selection of those images would eventually be published in 1988 as The Secret City, the artist's first monograph. Though a success that would gain him international attention, the color quality of the images still left Savelev wanting more from his prints.
The materials used in the process for Color Constructions are surprisingly industrial; for this particular series, the images appear printed on sheets of aluminum, which Savelev prefers for its archival quality and says ensures the "colorful saturation of the hues" in each image. But the process, which does give the appearance of a broader tonal range of color, requires unique preparation for each image. Each panel is coated in gesso, an artistic primer usually used for painting, in order to receive the pigment from each photograph, and is waxed after the image has been printed. Because of the large size and uncommon materials, the image is made with a multi-layer, flatbed printer, custom-made in conjunction with Factum Arte, a Madrid-based studio. According to Factum Arte's Adam Lowe, in designing the process the studio became filled with 3D scanners and disassembled digital printers.
The journey, physical as well as artistic, was a necessary one: "In Moscow no one knows or imagines what a multi-layered print on aluminum is," Savelev says. "The culture of printing is lost, the tradition of master printers is forgotten, the studios are closed."
The result is anything but synthetic. Many of Savelev's images are from his hometown of Czernowitz, where he lived until 1966 when he moved to Moscow. A photograph of a vacant barber shop, dramatically cast in shadows, is an homage to a photographer friend of Savelev's. The artist, also from Czernowitz, snapped a frame of the same barber shop in black and white that inspired Savelev with its beauty, and he dedicates his own uniquely moody color image to his late friend's memory. The sum of Color Constructions is a nostalgic view of a Russia no longer in existence; the intent of the printing process is not as a technical exercise, but rather as a means to express the quiet, lonely scenes of former Soviet cities as faithfully as possible. The soft, dreamy colors that Savelev's process renders are true to his film and his eye, which appear timeless—indeed, the series remains cohesive while including images shot in the past year as well as in the mid 1980s—and show the Russian landscape in an extraordinarily contemplative manner.
Savelev's images belie the story of an artist seeking to overcome the gap between the image's original emotive quality, and its representation on the printed surface. Through a process he's honed slowly since beginning his career in photography decades ago, the complete control over the images is worth the effort, both for the viewer and the artist.
"I do not regret the time spent in search of new technology, or studying early methods and solutions, opening up for myself something personal," Savelev says. "For me, the final goal is the print."
Color Constructions is on display at the Michael Hoppen Gallery in London through Jan. 21.


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Brand name: Combivir
Generic name: lamivudine/zidovudine, or 3TC/AZT
Class: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (nucleoside, NRTI, or nuke) -- fixed dose combination
Manufacturer: ViiV Healthcare, www.viivhealthcare.com, (877) 844-8872
AWP: $1,081.70/month
Standard Dose: One tablet (150 mg lamivudine/300 mg zidovudine) twice a day (12 hours apart), with or without food, with no dietary restrictions. Take missed dose as soon as possible, unless it is closer to the time of your next dose. Do not double up on your next dose. Should not be used in children weighing less than 66 pounds, nor in people with kidney function less than 50 mL/min or those with liver disease because the dose cannot be adjusted with this fixed dose combination. Generic is available.
Potential side effects and toxicity: See the individual drugs contained in Combivir, Epivir, and Retrovir, for details. Fatigue, myopathy (muscle damage), and flare-up of hepatitis B upon stopping (due to the withdrawal of lamivudine). The zidovudine in Combivir has been associated with alteration of various cells in the blood through bone marrow suppression, resulting in anemia (low red blood cell counts) and/or neutropenia (low white blood cell counts), particularly during the first three months of therapy in people with advanced HIV. Zidovudine is also associated with lipoatrophy (fat loss of the arms, legs, face, and/or buttocks -- sometimes called "AZT butt"). The lipoatrophy could be irreversible or fat could take a long time to rebuild after your regimen is changed. See chart for potential drug class side effects.
Potential drug interactions: Also see the individual drugs contained in Combivir, Epivir, and Retrovir, for more information. Do not take Combivir with Atripla, Complera, Emtriva, Epivir, Epivir-HBV, Epzicom, Retrovir, Trizivir, or Truvada, since all or part of these medications are already in Combivir or they have equivalent medications. Zerit cannot be taken with Combivir, as it can limit effectiveness of the zidovudine part of Combivir.
More information: May be taken with food to decrease potential nausea associated with zidovudine. One head-to-head study against Truvada (emtricitabine and tenofovir) found greater toxicity with Combivir, due to anemia (see Retrovir). Last year, the HIV treatment guidelines from the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) downgraded Combivir from "alternative" to "acceptable" dual nuke background for people taking antiviral therapy for the first time, citing twice-daily dosing and greater toxicity than Truvada or Epzicom. Anyone taking zidovudine might consider taking Combivir even if you are already resistant to the lamivudine component. Resistance to lamivudine makes HIV less fit to replicate. It also slightly improves the antiviral activity of zidovudine and tenofovir (Viread), and for that reason, some doctors keep lamivudine onboard in combination with those drugs after M184V resistance develops. Thanks to extensive data, Combivir continues to be preferred to Truvada for pregnant women who are taking therapy for the first time, according to the treatment guidelines. See package insert for more complete information on potential side effects and interactions.
Doctor's Comments
In the early years of the HAART era, Combivir was the most commonly used nucleoside "backbone" in what was often referred to as the "cocktail." Since then it's lost its luster: it's taken twice a day and has the disadvantages of zidovudine (AZT) toxicity (see Retrovir). As a result, it's been largely replaced by the safer and better tolerated once-daily co-formulations, Truvada and Epzicom. Because the patents have expired on both AZT and 3TC (Epivir), Combivir is now available in generic form, but who cares?
-- Joel Gallant, M.D., M.P.H.
Activist's Comments
Although no longer the backbone of choice, Combivir represents a pivotal point in the history of regimens: fewer pills, less often, fewer side effects (for most folks). This set the tone for future regimens to ease up on the pill burdens, and a focus on finding less toxic formulas. It's still quite useful in prevention of mother-to-child transmission in many parts of the world. Combivir can still be a good backup plan for those unable to take other nucleoside backbones, so it continues to have a place in the antiretroviral arsenal, but is clearly not a major player in the future of HIV treatment.
-- Joey Wynn


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News: Networking
Wednesday, 29 May 2013
HomeGrid Forum & HomePNA Alliance Merge
HomeGrid Forum and the HomePNA Alliance have merged to create a single organization focused on promoting advanced wired home networking technologies. The combined organization will come under the HGF banner.
Friday, 25 Jan 2013
Belkin Buys Linksys from Cisco
Cisco appears to be moving away from the consumer market and is looking for a buyer for Linksys. Belkin's purchase of Linksys is expected to be completed in March 2013 for an as of yet undisclosed amount.
Friday, 18 Jan 2013
WiGig (802.11ad) Approved by IEEE, Leads the Way for 7Gbps Wireless Speeds
IEEE has recently adopted WiGig as a new wireless standard. Also known as 802.11ad, this standard was first announced in May 2009. This newly adopted standard supports 7Gbps speeds over 60GHz frequencies and is slated to appear in consumer electronics as soon as next year.
Friday, 16 Nov 2012
WiFox Software Enhances Wireless Throughput by Up to 700 Percent
NC State researchers have developed a new software to help boost Wi-Fi throughput performances without the need for any hardware upgrades.
Wednesday, 2 May 2012
ASUS Releases Its DSL-N12U Black Diamond Modem Router
Offering automatic WAN/3G switching via unique fail-over architecture to make sure connections stay on even when ADSL stops working, the DSL-N12U is equipped with a surge protection of 4000V, making it lightning-proof.
Tuesday, 24 Apr 2012
Amped Wireless Unveils Two New High Power Wireless-N USB Adapters
Enabling devices to connect to 802.11a/b/g/n Wi-Fi networks from up to three times greater distance than standard wireless adapters, both High Power USB Adapters feature an optional mounting clip for mounting the High Power USB Adapters onto the monitors of Mac or PC laptops for added mobility.
Wednesday, 18 Apr 2012
Mohu Launches Its Bounce Wi-Fi Enhancer
A simple device which sits on top of any Wi-Fi router with an external antenna, the Bounce enables users to enjoy smooth internet experience with up to 3 times the coverage and faster streaming speeds.
Wednesday, 4 Apr 2012
IEEE Studying Lighter Gigabit Ethernet Cable for Use in Cars
The group will look at the possibility of developing a standard would deliver information as high as the current Gigabit Ethernet over cables with fewer wires inside, a goal considered crucial for in-car networks.
Monday, 2 Apr 2012
ASUS Releases the EA-N66 Dual Band Wireless-N900 Ethernet Adapter
First presented at the CES 2012 earlier this year, the EA-N66 offers speeds of up to 450Mbps per band. With a unique 3 x 3 patented antenna design, the adapter works in Ethernet adapter, repeater, and access point modes.
Friday, 16 Mar 2012
TRENDnet Announces Availability of 4-Port 500Mbps Powerline AV Adapter
Capable of connecting up to four media center devices such as Internet TVs and media players to the Internet concurrently using existing electrical lines, the TPL-405E doesn't require any CD installation.


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With few exceptions, Kiva borrowers have greeted my visits to their homes and businesses with the sentiment captured in the blog title, that is to say with skepticism and unease. Visits can start awkwardly and end awkwardly. But sometimes they inspire; borrowers graciously share their story – their successes and struggles, their hopes and fears – with a complete stranger.
As part of my work with Kiva field partner Prisma Honduras, I've been tasked with conducting an audit, or in Kiva parlance, a Borrower Verification (BV). Basically, I get to visit a bunch of determined entrepreneurs and verify that they do indeed exist and that they are using the loan for its intended use. For a more thorough explanation of BVs and why they're important, please see Kiva fellow Peter Soley's excellent blog about his experiences in Bolivia.
Here are 6 observations from my visits that I hope provide some insight into what Honduran borrowers are really like:
6. Just like us, they want to look good in photos. Shocking, I know. Almost without fail, upon asking if I can take their picture, a flurry of readying ensues. Women change clothes, apply makeup, and fix hair. Men break out combs, button up shirts, and knock the dust off.
5. They trust their loan officers. I'm welcomed into homes and business because I'm accompanied by their loan officer. Borrowers often look to the loan officer for a nod or gesture of approval before divulging sensitive information to me. To clarify, they're not seeking approval of what they've said or permission to continue, but rather the assurance that I can be trusted.
4. Machismo: alive and well in Honduras. The job of loan officer is a male occupation. Susan, based out of the main office in Tegucigalpa, is Prisma's only female loan. She accompanied me on a visit to a female client of hers on the outskirts of town. It has been my only visit to a female borrower in which the borrower wasn't freaked out by my presence. Why? Because Susan has a calming, reassuring influence. All other visits to female borrowers have been made with a male loan officer and needless to say, the ladies are reluctant to share much.
On the other hand, male borrowers, once they realize I'm harmless and interested in what they have to say, readily hold forth.
If over 60% of Prisma's clients are female, why are there not more female loan officers? Machismo.
3. They take great pride in their work. I start each visit with an informal conversation about business. Rather than, "Hi Nixsa, can I take pictures of your loan passbook," I open with, "Hi Nixsa, you make bread, right? Can I see the oven?"
2. They have inflated assumptions about who I am. Initially, I thought that if I explained that I was merely a volunteer, it would serve to put the borrower at ease. I was wrong, as borrowers either don't understand my explanation (most likely) or don't believe me. On multiple occasions I've overheard (or was I eaves-dropping?) references to me as a boss or director from the U.S.
1. They have a limited understanding of Kiva, which helps to explain the uncertainty with which I am received. Most borrowers don't know they are Kiva borrowers. In the case of Prisma, it is the job of the loan officer to explain the Kiva model to the borrower during the loan application process. However, borrowers forget the explanation or don't understand it in the first place or don't care. Furthermore, both borrower internet savvy and loan officer ability/desire to explain the Kiva model vary widely. There is certainly a generation gap: younger borrowers typically grasp the basics of the model, older borrowers simply don't.
Stay tuned. As I'll be working with other Honduran field partners during my fellowship, I'll get the chance to meet many more Kiva entrepreneurs. In a future post I plan to say more about the previous point (observation #1). If borrowers don't even know they're on Kiva, is the legitimacy of the Kiva model compromised in any way?


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Community Support Services' new day program – Community360 – offers adults with I/DD both center-
and community-based activities where individuals can choose meaningful ways to spend their day. Some of these activities include: structured volunteer work; creative classes in art, music and dance; activities of daily living; health and wellness classes; group exercise; classes structured around developing job skills and job searching; etc. The site in Cicero that we have chosen for our day program is smaller than other more traditional large day programs in the area. This gives us the ability to be more specialized and able to better support people who will benefit from smaller groups, including those who benefit from more individualized attention because of their diagnoses and/or behavioral needs. Additionally, this location has a number of bilingual English/Spanish speaking staff, so we are able to communicate with parents/guardians whose first language is Spanish. Interested individuals can complete an intake application at: http://cssservices.org/intake or call 1-708-354-4547 ext. 142.
Who: Adults diagnosed with intellectual/developmental disability & Approved for "developmental training" funding through DHS/DDD
Dates: Monday – Friday Time: 9:00 a.m. – 3:00 p.m.
Fee: $10 per day for Individuals without
Medicaid waiver funding
Location: CSS Family Support Center (& various community locations) 5416 W. 25th Street, Cicero, IL 60804


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Missoula Cancer Doctor Reacts to Supreme Court Decision on Gene Research [AUDIO]
On Thursday, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that companies may not issue patents on naturally occurring human genes. This decision has the potential to deeply affect medical and biotechnology companies. Dr. Elizabeth Lynn Suh is medical director with Montana Breast Health at Community Medical Center.
Dr. Suh said on Friday, June 14, that Myriad, the company that has held patents to the BRCA 1 and 2 (for BReast CAncer) genetic testing, has been fair in providing access to at-risk patients for genetic testing, despite the high cost, due to the medical patents.
"Over the past few years, Myriad has been the company that controls the BRCA 1 testing for genetic mutations for breast cancer and ovarian cancer," Dr. Suh said. "Having that genetic mutation can mean up to an 86 percent lifetime risk of breast cancer for those who carry that gene, and up to 46% risk of ovarian cancer."
The arguments over allowing a company like Myriad to hold patents on naturally occurring genetic materials was due to cost and accessibility.
"There's always been talk that the test is expensive and so its not accessible to those with lower incomes, and there are questions as to whether insurance will pay for the testing" Dr. Suh said. "However, the company has done a really good job of getting the patients that meet the criteria for testing that have a pretty good chance for testing positive, of getting those tests done."
Dr. Suh is ambivalent about the decision by the supreme court, because she is concerned that the quality of the testing currently being done might be compromised by other lower-cost companies becoming involved.
"There's talk that its going to be under $1,000 as opposed to being over $3,000," Dr. Suh said. "The one thing that Myriad did do, was they had very good quality-control measures, asking questions like 'are these the patients that should really be getting the testing?' But, one of the drawbacks is if the test ts readily available, you wonder, are these other companies going to do as good a job with quality assurance, and will the patients get counseled appropriately?"
Dr. Suh said the BRCA 1 and 2 gene mutations are very rare, as was recently publicized by the announcement that actress Angelina Jolie underwent a double mastectomy upon the results that she had tested positive for the BRCA 1 gene.
"Less than 1 percent of the people with breast cancer actually carry that BRCA 1 gene, so they're a small percentage," Dr. Suh said. "Now, after all the press reports about Angelina Jolie, everyone's going to push to get these test done, because they want to know. But, the question is, how will they use that information?"
Dr. Suh said Montana Breast Health at Community Medical Center follows patients very carefully once they've been tested.
"When we refer patients out to get those BRCA tests, we follow them very closely, we counsel them carefully, and I'm a little worried about having the test readily available," Dr. Suh said. "The patients get the test, get a false sense of not being at risk for cancer, not realizing that there's still an inherent risk, simply by being female."
Dr. Suh encouraged anyone who is concerned about breast cancer to contact Montana Breast Health at Community Medical Center at 327-3941.
Dr. Elizabeth Suh at Montana Breast Health


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Sprint Car Motor Rebuild - Alcohol Engine And Valvetrain Teardown
It's Finally The End Of The Racing Season And It's Time To Pull That Trusty Engine Out Of The Race Car And Start Preparing For Next Year's Racing
Fresh off his inaugural piece in January's Oval Track Tech and Parts Guide, we caught up with Gary Geving from Chick-O-Motorsports to give us some tips and tricks on post-season teardown maintenance on an alcohol-fueled motor.
But before we get into the nuts and bolts, first a little background on why you should listen to what Geving has to say. 2008 was an extremely successful season for the Chick-O-Motorsports team. The team competed both at its home track of Petaluma (CA) Speedway and with a traveling series running 360 and 410 Sprint Cars wheeled by Gary's daughter Alissa. The 17 year old became the youngest female ever to win a winged Sprint Car championship when she captured the 2008 championship at Petaluma. Alissa added Rookie of the Year honors to her resume with the ultra-competitive Hoosier Racing Tires Civil War Series in 2008 with a Fifth Place finish in the point standings.
In addition to 12 weekly events at Petaluma Speedway and the 15 Civil War touring events, the team also ran two Golden State Challenge races, the World of Outlaws Gold Cup, and three races at Silver Dollar Speedway in the fire-breathing 410 Winged Sprint Cars. Add appearances in the Mini Gold Cup, Silver Cup, and Fall Nationals at Silver Dollar Speedway, and the team has competed in nearly 40 nights of racing in 2008, all without a single engine failure.
Obviously, Gary Geving builds fast and reliable motors for the team as witnessed by the successful use of a single, that's right, just one, 360 ci engine in more than 30 events without a failure. All Geving did was a mid-season freshen up.
So just how did he coax so much failure-free performance out of his engine? For starters, Geving highly recommends finding an experienced, race engine savvy machine shop partner to ensure that all of the engine components are built for maximum performance and reliability. Geving uses ALC Machine in Santa Rosa, California, which is close to the team's home base in Penngrove. Post season, Geving relies on the machine shop to inspect his heads and perform surfacing and/or cc'ing the chambers if needed. This is especially true if you are running in a series/track that requires you to meet certain compression rules. Geving also has ALC perform a valve job, check the valve seals, and install new items such as springs, retainers, locks, and more based on his specific needs.
In addition to the stout machine shop, excellent maintenance practices are absolutely critical to success according to Geving. While some of these steps are specific to the alcohol-fueled 360 Sprint Car engines the team runs, most of the teardown process is common to all V-8 racing engines.
1. Before pulling the motor from the car, remove the spark plugs and spray a liberal coat of WD-40 or Marvel Mystery Oil in the spark plug holes.
2. Aerate the cylinders by pushing the car in gear (or crank the motor with the starter) to push out any remaining alcohol. This is a key step since alcohol sitting inside the motor will degrade over time and leave you with a big mess followed by a nice repair bill.
3. Remove the throttle linkage, magneto, and spark plug wires from the engine. Then unhook the throttle linkage from fuel-injector assembly and remove the butterfly assembly from the injector-intake manifold.
4. Remove the down nozzles from the cylinder heads. Sonic clean the nozzles. Geving uses an ultrasound jewelry cleaner and then gives them a good coating of WD-40. Finally, place in Ziplock bags to keep them clean and free from contamination.
5. Remove the injector-intake manifold. Note that on Geving's motor the cylinder head has been machined to use an O-ring around the intake-runner ports, which eliminates the intake gasket that can slip out of place during assembly. If the intake gasket moves, it can partially block the intake ports disrupting flow and robbing horsepower.
6. Remove the rocker arms and pushrods, closely inspect each one for wear to evaluate if any may need to be replaced. A good way to do this is to roll the tips with your finger to discover any tightness or scuffing of the roller tip. Also inspect the rocker arm bodies for any signs of contact where clearance problems may have existed. This is especially critical if you purchased the motor used and are tearing it down for the first time. There should never be clearance issues in a correctly built valvetrain.
7. Depending on the cylinder heads being used, you may have to remove several valvesprings in order to gain access to the head bolts. This is typical with many of the spread port heads and offset lifter configurations being used on today's racing engines. If this is the case, we recommend that you remove all of the valvesprings before removing the heads. Be sure to use a leak down tester to hold up the valves in the cylinder to ensure that you do not damage them when removing the keepers, retainers, and lash caps.
8. Lightly tap on the valve stems to free up the valve locks before you begin to remove the springs. We recommend that you use a high-quality valvespring compressor like the one Geving uses from LSM Racing Products. It makes the valvespring removal process easy and also prevents possible damage to the valve locks, retainers, and valve stems. Discard the springs after removing them from the engine.
9. To prevent damage to valves after removing the springs, place a zip tie around each valve stem to keep them from falling into the cylinders after each spring is removed. Inspect and clean the valve locks then put them into a Ziplock bag.
10. Remove any water hoses, fittings and temperature senders from the cylinder heads. Loosen and remove the cylinder-head bolts. Carefully remove the cylinder heads and place on a workbench. Thoroughly clean and inspect the cylinder head studs, nuts, and washers, then clean thoroughly and store them in your trusty Ziplock bag.
11. Find a suitable-sized box and place the cylinder head on top of bubble wrap, packing peanuts, terry towels, or other material in the bottom of the box to protect its surface from damage on the way to the machine shop.
12. Remove the lifters and inspect them carefully for wear. Take special notice of the roller tips and be sure they roll freely. In a 360 Sprint Car motor, a typical life cycle for lifters is about 30 races. It's not recommended to extend service life of even the highest quality lifter, as the valvetrain is constantly under tremendous stress with today's extreme cam profiles and high rpm demands.
13. Rotate the engine upside down, and remove the oil pan bolts. Clean and place in a Ziplock bag. Remove the oil pan, taking care not to damage the mounting surface when prying it free. Disassemble the pan (if applicable), placing the small parts in a Ziplock bag, box up the pan for the trip to the machine shop.
14. One by one, loosen the connecting-rod bolts and remove the rod cap. To loosen, gently tap on the rod cap with a plastic or rubber mallet. Push the rod down and away from the crankshaft journal, being careful not to scratch the crankshaft surface or cylinder walls with the end of the rod. Remove and inspect the rod bearings as they provide valuable clues to any internal problems in the engine that may need to be addressed.
15. Remove the spiral locks and wristpins disconnecting the rod from the piston. Measure the pin and rod end bushing diameter for proper clearance to determine if you will need new wristpin bushings and pins for the rebuild.
16. Remove and discard the piston rings, being careful not to damage the piston ring lands, skirt, or tops of the piston during removal. Place these components in a box, be sure to use adequate packing material to prevent damage in transit to the machine shop.
17. Remove dry sump pump, water pump, and front timing cover assembly.
18. Remove the gear drive bolts and components. Remove the cam, taking care not to damage the lobes or bearing surfaces by supporting the cam on both ends. There are several specialty tools available that make cam removal easier to accomplish. Be sure to carefully pack the camshaft in a box with protective packing to prevent damage.
19. Remove the main bearing caps, clean and place in a box. Then, carefully lift the crankshaft straight up out of the block, taking care not to scratch or damage journals. Pack the crankshaft in a suitable box, again utilizing packing material to protect against damage in transit to the machine shop.
20. Pack the block, cylinder heads, and other engine components in your truck and head to the machine shop. Then, go back to the shop and clean up your work area so that you will have a clean environment for engine assembly when you get your parts back from the machine shop.
Each time the engine is rebuilt or freshened up, be sure to disassemble, clean, and inspect the dry sump pump and replace components as necessary. Take apart the oil tank and clean it thoroughly. Carefully inspect all braided lines and pay particular attention to fittings. Replace the lines and fittings if they are showing wear.
1. Remove the dry sump pump from the motor and then remove the drive spud or pulley, followed by the scavenge manifold and port adapter fittings.
2. Disassemble the pressure and scavenge sections, carefully removing the gears and shafts. Clean and carefully inspect for wear and damage. Replace any parts that need attention.
3. Disassemble the oil tank and clean thoroughly. Take special care to locate any debris which may be hidden in the tank or that could find its way into your motor. Remove the port adapter fittings, cap, and breathers. Clean thoroughly and place in a Ziplock bag until reassembly.
4. Replace O-ring seals or gaskets in the tank before reassembly.
5. Remove all oil lines, scavenge manifolds, and oil filters and mounts from the engine and race car. Flush all of the oil lines thoroughly, rinse with clean water, and dry with compressed air. Repeat the process with the remaining oil system components, then store in Ziplock bags until reassembly.
6. Replace all lines, hose ends, port fittings, and O-rings that show signs of wear.
1. Remove header bolts and exhaust bracket and remove the headers.
2. Carefully inspect all header flanges and welds on header tubes, mufflers, and turn downs for cracks or damage. Repair and replace components as necessary.
3. Clean header flanges and check carefully for warping or damage. Remove all residual gasket material, sealant, and other debris.
4. Clean the exterior surface of system thoroughly. Geving recommends that you refinish these components with a high temperature spray ceramic coating or send them out for a professional coating treatment.


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Chancellor brauchte ein neues Logo Design und hat einen Wettbewerb auf 99designs gestartet.
Aus 151 Designs von 40 Designern wurde eine Gewinner gewählt.
we are group of three, we have a unique idea to produce social network on all levels in family or colleagues in work.
The idea is bonding the relationship between the members of the families and keep them aware in all activites between them and be reference to all of them any time any where.
the priority for Families members after that colleagues in work or in study, friends.
We are looking for a logo represent our social network idea - 1family.
here are a few things to think about:
1. No Cartoons - we want it to be playful but not cheap or childlike
2. Nothing too elegant - we do not want to come across as being fancy. We want the locals to feel like they can afford to eat here a couple times a week.
3. The typeface should be clear, simple and bold.
4. It allows using it in black and white.
5. Important point, I need flexible logo to separate the icon from the name in case i will just need the icon
My examples but not limited to (Social network) : facebook, myspace, ect
Please feel free to experiment with colors!
The files we will require are:
• 1 x High Resolution Tif 300dpi(CMYK color) for just about any off-line professional printing.
• 1 x JPG in grayscale for trademark registration if required.
• 3 x JPG in RGB color x 3 sizes (Normal, medium and small)for home/office printing or web design work.
• 1 x vector based eps file which is your master editable file for professional printing and professional design work.
• 1 x Transparent PSD for professional web design work.
Please do not use any stock images or clip art in the logo
Finden Sie heraus, wie ein Designwettbewerb funktioniert, oder lernen Sie mehr über unsere Logo-Design-Angebote.


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He likes FS very much. He has been learning it since young and I prefer to believe that he can do it. He has passion on it. Not only looking at new house. He also went to offices, factory, and even graveyard. So when I told him I could collect my key, he was immediately asking my mom to book ticket to here. I really thank and appreciate their efforts to come. Thank you pa. Thank you ma.
This afternoon we went for site inspection. Supposedly I had a class from 10 to 1pm. But my hubby last minute has to work. So I had no choice but to skip it. Then at first I intend to fetch my son to his Chinese class, but he wasn't feeling well. Last night he was awoken and vomit. And it's been added with stomach pain. So he had to skip his class too and I brought him to se doctor. After having medicines then we went out to the site.
At first he measured the length and width of the house and find the centre point of the house. Then he took out his compass and try to find direction where to put stove in the kitchen. Only certain angle. Then he looked around, giving some advises here and there. As for the width of the door, he was quite satisfy. Nowadays the room and toilet doors width for new homes, all 88cm width, while entrance is 108cm. He only requested the main door to be made into 1 pc rather than divided into one big and one small. But we are not sure if we are allowed to do so, since the door is specially made for fire-proof. Need to ask. Then there is small window to access to air-con compressor, and he asked us to cover it from the opp structure. We are also not sure if we can do so since we read before in the rules that we can't cover that area.
He also requested to block the two doors in front of the main door which lead to the balcony. We need to do something about it as if there is no door there, etc.
Date has been chosen as well on when to move. It'll be after CNY. Hopefully there is enough time to do whatever things that need to be done. Overall he quite likes the place.
We finished at 3pm and had lunch together before my brother sent us back home. My son was sleeping on the floor while we were there and now sleeping beautifully in my room. Once reached home, he was directly entered the toilet and po po there. Kekeke... hope he gets well soon.
So now, after his visit, we know what to do lor. It'a clearer now. Oklah, write 'til here first. Wanna take a rest too... Cya...


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News Archives - 2012
Commissioner visits Health Commons at Dar Ul-Quba
Article and photo courtesy of Minnesota Department of Human Services
Not a lot is common about Health Commons. Colorful curtains, layered rugs, and comfortable seating fill the community health and wellness center where all programs are free. Partners behind the organization in Minneapolis' Cedar-Riverside neighborhood hope the warm setting is a gateway to connect members of the Somali community and other visitors to primary health care and wellness resources.
Minnesota Human Services Commissioner Lucinda Jesson toured Health Commons, located in the Dar Ul-Quba Cultural Center, June 29 to experience the unique community-based approach firsthand.
Health Commons, which opened in September 2011, is a collaboration of the University of Minnesota Medical Center Fairview, the Augsburg College Department of Nursing, and the East African Health Project. It is supported by a $50,000 grant from the UCare Fund, which seeks to improve health through innovative partnerships across communities and reduce disparities for disadvantaged populations.
Health Commons was founded on the philosophy that hospitality and developing relationships leads to transcultural understanding and health benefits for all participants. Its mission is to provide health education and wellness services, link people to existing resources and health services, provide basic supplies to those that can't afford them, and provide a welcoming space that promotes social connection and sense of belonging.
The drop-in center is open two afternoons each week. Free of charge, participants take nutrition, parenting and exercise classes offered by community partners like University of Minnesota Extension Services and the Somali Women's Education Network. Dr. Osman Harare from the East African Health Project and Augsburg nursing faculty provide individual consultations for health-related issues, medication clarification, blood pressure monitoring and advice about navigating the health care system. Volunteers offer alternative health therapies, such as healing touch and massage.
Students in Augsburg's transcultural nursing program who help staff Health Commons also benefit from the unique opportunity for transcultural experience providing health services.
Photo: DHS Commissioner Lucinda Jesson (second from left) plays with Fadumo Aden, Abdullahi Hersi and Muhamed Hersi (left to right) at Health Commons in Minneapolis' Cedar-Riverside neighborhood while their mothers attend a nutrition class at the center.


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DALLAS >> Pau Gasol sat in the Pantages Theatre in Hollywood last Saturday night, watching "The Lion King" musical with his parents and younger brother in hopes to experience no worries for the rest of his days.
At intermission, though, Gasol turned on his cell phone and logged onto Twitter. Then, he learned through a false report from KSPN-710AM that the Lakers had traded him to the Cleveland Cavaliers for Andrew Bynum.
"I was getting all these messages, 'Farewell, Pau. Thanks for all your services,' " all that stuff," Gasol recalled after the Lakers' 110-97 loss Tuesday to the Dallas Mavericks at American Airlines Center. "I guess it's good to get a heads-up a day before. Most guys don't get that."
Most guys also don't get traded essentially three times, only for the deal never to happen. But such is the circle of life for Gasol. The Lakers shipped him over two years ago in a deal that would've landed them Chris Paul until the NBA decided otherwise. The other two scenarios stemmed from inacurrate media reports, both during the 2011-12 season and this past week.
Gasol still hasn't expended his nine lives with the Lakers; Cleveland traded Bynum to Chicago for All-Star forward Luol Deng and a flurry of draft picks.
"It feels good to survive and live to fight another day," said Gasol, who posted 15 points on only 5-of-14 shooting and 13 rebounds. "I'd like to continue to be here. But that's not up to me."
The Lakers had negotiated last week with Cleveland on a deal involving Gasol, but they held firm they would only do so if they received valued young players and draft picks. The Lakers had no interest in making the deal solely to waive Bynum, a move coupled with Gasol's departure that would've secured $20 million in luxury taxes and ensured the team falls below the luxury tax threshold. Still, the Lakers could deal Gasol leading up to the Feb. 20 trade deadline.
"There will be other rumors and potential trades coming up, but I can't really worry about it," said Gasol, who's making $19.3 million in the final year of his contract with the Lakers. "I just need to continue what I've been doing, which is come in and be ready to play."
Gasol described Monday evening as "quiet" and "pretty calm," but he didn't even know if he was boarding the team plane en route to Dallas earlier in the day.
"Nobody was approaching me and I didn't get any calls," Gasol said. "I packed my bag like I was going on the plane and just doing my job. But the thought crossed my mind."
It also crossed Gasol's mind that the false tweet he read during intermission "affected the rest of the show." Did Gasol sing "Hakuna Matota" and adopt a problem-free philosophy?
"That would've been a good way to go," Gasol said, laughing. "But that's how I approach things anyway most of the time."
Roster cut
The Lakers waived small forward Shawne Williams on Tuesday before his $1.1 million deal would've become fully guaranteed. Technically, the deadline is Friday, but a player must clear the NBA's waiver process that takes up to 48 hours.
The Lakers retained Xavier Henry, Ryan Kelly and Kendall Marshall, whom all have non-guaranteed deals. Williams had a partial guarantee in his contract and made about $450,000, allowing the Lakers to trim their $79.1 million payroll and inch closer toward the luxury tax threshold at $71.7 million.
The Lakers waived Williams so they could have a 14-player roster, giving them a vacant spot either to fill through a trade or a 10-day contract. They aren't expected to do that soon, but they wanted flexibility in case injuries persist in their depleted backcourt.
Williams also shot only 37.7 percent from three-point range and 32.7 percent from the field.


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Ayn Rand
Ayn Rand (īn), 1905–82, American writer, b. St. Petersburg, Russia, as Alissa Rosenbaum. She came to the United States in 1926, became a citizen five years later, and worked for many years as a Hollywood screenwriter. Her novels are romantic, dramatic, and often didactic, espousing a philosophy built on a muscular capitalism, aggressive individualism, and a rational self-interest that opposes the collective nature of the modern welfare state and totalitarian societies. These principles are rather woodenly embodied in the plots, heroes, and villains of her major novels, The Fountainhead (1943) and Atlas Shrugged (1957). In For the New Intellectual (1961) she summarized her philosophy, which she called
; it posits a concrete external reality, idea-driven emotions, and self-interest as ethical ideal. Her works have had a notable influence on many of America's political and economic conservatives.
See the memoir by N. Branden (1989); biographies by B. Branden (1987), J. Burns (2009), and A. C. Heller (2009); study by J. T. Baker (1987); her letters, ed. by M. S. Berliner (1995), and her journals, ed. by D. Harriman (1997).


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Create any interactive informational / book application within few minutes, without hard programming skills, Sell it in the AppStore and earn money!This is universal working iPhone application sources for building any informational application with unlimited interactive pages with text, images, video, audio, JQuery, JavaScript and CSS features.
Your will get XCode project file with sample "USA Independence day" application (complete working application with all graphics) and complete step by step newbie userguide how to create your own unique application from it.
App is ready to be approved by Apple with no adding new features or hiring developers – just add your content!You can watch this application demo on YouTube here.
Project features
- Complete working iPhone/iPhone 5 application with all graphics and files
- Complete detailed documentation
- iPhone 5 new resolution support!
- Retina graphics included!
- PSD files included!
- Step by step user guide "How to create your own informational/book app from this sample project and publish it to AppStore" without programming skills!
- Works on iOS 3.x – iOS 6.x
- Project for XCode 3.x – 4.x included
- App will work on iPhone 3GS, 4, 4S, 5
- Clean, well documented code
- Unlimited interactive pages
- Unlimited TabBar informational pages (with local html or remote site content)
- Portrait and Landscape mode support (Autorotating!)
- You can create pages in HTML format
- Add interactive elements to your pages (images, video, audio, HTML5, CSS, JQuery, JavaScript, etc)
- Your app will work offline – internet connection is not required!
- Easy to change everything
- Excellent support, I will answer all your questions
Just small list of examples what apps your can create:
- Learning cources/books with video lessons
- Interactive books
- Company information application
- Guide books "How to do.."
- Recipes book with video and images
- Products catalog (for your shop for ex.)
- YouTube Video galleries with categories
- Jokes catalog
- Poetry books
- Songs lyrics books
- Games cheats books
- ...what you can create is based on your fantasy only! You can create thousands of variations!


text:
I have got a little behind with the edchat posts so here is a digest of all the most recent.
These are hosted now on @TestSoup's blog. I'll add in some of the shared links here and you can get the flavour of the discussion from John's blog summaries.
cybraryman1: @mikevigilant How about more Cross Curricular? : http://t.co/Ee94Y2si #edchat
mathfour: @mikevigilant I'm inciting change (or a riot) with this: http://t.co/TcK3HI5n #edchat
davidwees: Time isn't just about daily schedules => Create a brick and mortar university where every course is open http://t.co/GNmZ6qGj #edchat
DGalpert: Very interesting! Sweden debuts first classroom-less school http://t.co/5IjBxswk via @NMHS_Principal #edchat #cpchat #edtech #jed21
davidwees: School Bells Interfere with learning: http://t.co/AsZUKNXJ #edchat
eduk8andlead: Blended learning approaches that mix f2f & online can help tackle time & calendar issues. #edchat Carpe Diem schools http://t.co/2FhNH0zB
cybraryman1: My Parent-Teacher Communication page: http://t.co/zvwQ21nJ #edchat
InspiredICTeach: Neat tool to reward positive behaviour in class http://t.co/RDzTBcOb #eLearning #ictcurric #edchat
pernilleripp: Is the report card obsolete? http://t.co/SC0DZki6 #edchat
davidwees: What mattered in 1825 on your report card was how many lines of scripture you had memorized. http://t.co/0C9yGqZY #edchat
pernilleripp: Students define letter grades http://t.co/HFau3RqK #edchat
pernilleripp: Why the report card should be getting an F http://t.co/p2bbZ8ES #edchat
cybraryman1: Can infusing some Self-Directed Learning http://t.co/I5nudKaG in a large class help teachers? #edchat
cybraryman1: How about more student-centered learning http://t.co/uOkLzkdi #edchat
politicalteach: What the class size research REALLY says. http://t.co/UxstT5dq #edchat
vanroet: A blog about 1:1 schools! http://t.co/nBWxYq9b #edchat #edfuture
@ncte: @MaryAnnReilly @CTuckerEnglish @cybraryman1 "More than a Number: Why Class Size Matters" http://t.co/JMCYuvFi #edchat
politicalteach: Looks interesting re class size effects on achievement http://t.co/mcR0T1R1 #edchat
Mr_Brett_Clark: I can't participate fully in today's #edchat. Here are some things we do in our district: EVSC ICATS Website http://t.co/uHYnrAmB
DrThomasHo: @MertonTech teachers have got to TAKE RESPONSIBILITY for THEIR own learning http://t.co/KvcUjJ69 #edchat
Mr_Brett_Clark: Do any other schools/districts put together coach's menus to differentiate PD? http://t.co/qMbDxlqX I would like to see others. #edchat
daveandcori: Professional Development for Teachers needs to change – http://t.co/ET2VIMZd #edchat
daveandcori: I hate when teachers will only go to learning event if it is for CEUs. Need to be always learning! #edchat http://t.co/H7HXoyfb
RobertBorgersen: I know I love and take advantage of our University Teaching Services every chance I get! http://t.co/ASN0BYw0 #edchat
NETC_Travel: Never stop learning! 12 Ways to Learn in 2012 http://t.co/aQgNTFLD #edchat
There are no links available for this chat – but check out @TestSoup's summary!
kevin_corbett: Digital Learning Futures [SLIDESHARE] http://t.co/4gq9jQP3 NEW & Awesome! Thanks @timbuckteeth #elearning #mlearning #gamification #edchat
studysync: Teachers talk tech use in the classroom at recent Portland conference: http://t.co/qKPZIPGE #edtech #edchat
web20classroom: From @edutopia and @teachingwthsoul-20 Tidbits For New Teachers: http://t.co/NTK2I1rz #ntchat #edchat
lookforsun: I believe the #Educon principles lay positive foundation for tech use: http://t.co/6VcbkruZ #edchat
bhsprincipal: Students and teachers who are not comfortable using appropriate technology can no longer be considered literate http://t.co/rav0jyQd #edchat
principal_kelly: Article on the digital divide http://t.co/hLUzjDZ7 #edchat
drdouggreen: @davidwees SM has made it easier to curate the Internet for my readers at http://t.co/DMYqOAZP #edchat
ShellTerrell: Why do we connect? Lots of educators, students, parents answer that in this video http://t.co/TTAkFIIf #edchat
daveandcori: Social Media in Education – connect, share, learn, communicate and more http://t.co/DPe4q4vC #edchat
MertonTech: http://t.co/KcYdOT5A SM's value was predicted in 1973. #edchat
TeachersHelp01: SM granted me the ability & honor of helping teachers avoid the predatory 403b about 80% of teachers are in http://t.co/IOUZaLIB #edchat
DrThomasHo: @ShellTerrell for students, digital footprint should be about their LEARNING is what I'll say at http://t.co/3xn9LT61 #edchat
ShellTerrell: @cybraryman1: Great Why do we connect video from many of my wonderful PLN members: http://t.co/4fKwWVfF #edchat
For the complete transcripts and more links go to the #Edchat wiki.


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homotopy theory, (∞,1)-category theory, homotopy type theory
flavors: stable, equivariant, rational, p-adic, proper, geometric, cohesive, directed…
models: topological, simplicial, localic, …
see also algebraic topology
Paths and cylinders
Homotopy groups
Basic facts
This entry is about the notion of (co)skeleta of simplicial sets. For the notion of skeleton of a category see at skeleton.
For the simplex category write for its full subcategory on the objects . The inclusion induces a truncation functor
that takes a simplicial set and restricts it to its degrees .
This functor has a left adjoint, given by left Kan extension
called the -skeleton
and a right adjoint, given by right Kan extension
called the -coskeleton.
The -skeleton produces a simplicial set that is freely filled with degenerate simplices above degree .
for the composite functors. Often by slight abuse of notation we suppress the boldface and just write and .
these in turn form an adjunction
So the -coskeleton of a simplicial set is given by the formula
Simplicial sets isomorphic to objects in the image of are called -coskeletal simplicial sets.
For sSet, the following are equivalent:
is -coskeletal;
on the unit of the adjunction is an isomorphism;
the map
is a bijection for all
for and every morphism from the boundary of the -simplex there exists a unique filler
So in particular if is an -coskeletal Kan complex, all its simplicial homotopy groups above degree are trivial.
The coskeleton operations preserve Kan complexes.
preserves those Kan fibrations between Kan complexes whose codomains have trivial homotopy group .
For each , the unit of the adjunction
induces an isomorphism on all simplicial homotopy groups in degree .
It follows from the above that for a Kan complex, the sequence
is a Postnikov tower for .
See also the discussion on p. 140, 141 of DwKan1984.
For the interpretation of this in terms of (n,1)-toposes inside the (∞,1)-topos ∞Grpd see n-truncated object in an (∞,1)-category, example In ∞Grpd and Top.
A Kan complex that is -coskeletal is equivalent to (the nerve of) an n-groupoid.
A 0-coskeletal simplicial set is (-1)-truncated and hence either empty or a contractible Kan complex , that is the nerve of a groupoid that has a equivalence of categories .
Standard textbook references are
Paul Goerss and Rick Jardine, 1999, Simplicial homotopy theory, number 174 in Progress in Mathematics, Birkhäuser. (ps)
A classical article that amplifies the connection of the coskeleton operation to Postnikov towers is
The level of a topos-structure of simplicial (co-)skeleta is discussed in
Last revised on July 10, 2019 at 05:31:59. See the history of this page for a list of all contributions to it.