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This is a continuation of the previous look at the typographer's process at the beginning of a project, and we'll end up talking about paper and other substrates.
A quick note on the creative brief before we proceed
Not only should the creative brief be clear about which objectives the project attempts to satisfy, it should articulate how it intends to do this as explicitly as possible. This second half of the brief is commonly overlooked or postponed in order to keep the process flexible. Make it explicit. Don't let it just get rolled into the client approval process. My suggestion is to keep the brief updated and referred to regularly by both you and the client as the job progresses. That way, it serves as both a solid base and a structure from which the work can proceed, that adapts as necessary.
In the case of designing a set of concert tour materials, one example of an above adaptation may be to go from designing a single tour poster—to a small poster series done by studio collaborators. In the case of a publication, it may mean to transition from five 16-page daily broadsheets to a weekly-published 64-page tabloid.
Considerations the typographer is making at this point
As the brief solidifies, the job of the designer is to give the textual elements and their medium physical form. Even small projects pose big questions here, because of the seemingly endless possibilities and the constraints each imposes. In print design, getting the body copy working with the publication dimensions, adjusting each as one goes, and exploring substrates and the processes by which the piece is produced and bound is the first step toward putting real evidence behind this second part of the brief. With each serious paper option, run press checks and make a series of paper dummies to hold, heft, flip through, and examine how each feels.
What's a substrate? Most commonly in print work, it's paper. Substrate is a broad generic term for the underlying physical layer onto which one puts content. This includes all materials that carry the graphic information you apply to them, even physical pixels. And also in print there are a range of non-paper substrates used, each with its own limitations and peculiar processes for printing on or otherwise marking the sheet.
Paper and paper-like substrates
Paper, either hand-made or machine-made comes in a broad spectrum of weights, finishes, fiber content, colors, coatings, and specialized purposes. This is not to mention that there are fundamental differences in the ways that different classes of paper are produced. All laid, for example has a characteristic set of chain lines visible when held up to light. Most of the paper in use today is wove, which has a more or less uniform texture throughout. I could describe each category listed above in more detail, but I suggest instead a field trip to a paper supplier or well-stocked design studio, or that you order a range of samples for comparison. I do want to briefly focus on two important aspects of paper:
Basis Weight generally helps in determining the suitability of a paper stock to a given usage. It's the paper's density that the word 'weight' here is trying to describe. In the US, you need to pay close attention to whether it's a cover weight or a text weight for the number to be remotely useful. It's given in pounds, with the understanding that, for example, one ream of 40 pound text (40#t), weighs 40 pounds. You may be asking yourself, "Forty? Really? A ream is only 500 sheets. They must be huge sheets of paper." You'd be right. For text grades, the sheet measured is 25 × 38 inches. Different grades are measured off of different standard sizes (and different quantities for what constitutes a ream). Without physically examining a given stock of paper from a manufacturer, it's impossible to know what you're getting. I really envy what the metric system has done elsewhere, with its no-nonsense paper density measured in grams per square meter.
Grain determines in which direction a sheet of paper naturally bends, and most successfully folds. To experience this, pick up any normal sheet of office paper. Put your hands together in front of you with palms facing up and place the paper on top. As you begin to close your palms together, as you would to fold the sheet in half, note the resistance the paper gives to being folded. Now open your hands, turn the sheet 90° and repeat the process. Feel that? One axis bends easily; the other is a bit stiffer. Put the paper back in front of you in the position where it bends easily, and raise your hands to eye level. You're now looking along the grain. This means that the paper's fibers lay primarily in the direction you're now looking. When designing any printed piece with pages that a reader turns, this is the orientation the grain should be in—parallel with the spine. When ordering paper, the direction of the grain is marked either implicitly, 13 × 19, by the second number, or more explicitly, with an underline, 18 × 24. Knowing this stuff is especially important if the design requires folds.
You may be asking yourself at this point, "Didn't this discussion leave the subject of typography a long way back?" Well, it turns out that the whole of type, the history of the forms themselves, their units of measurement, etc., are responses to the societal, economic, and technical constraints of the time, including for a long portion of its history, the means of printing and ranges of quality in paper. So, the consideration of the suitability of a given type family to a paper stock is one; and two, if the typographer's expertise is to extend thus far in creating the feel of the book or other publication, should it not also consider how the pages move when turned?
Other substrates
Once you get started, there's really no end. Wood, glass, metal, concrete, stone, porcelain, fabric, leather, even live animals are subject to branding. Each has its own processes.
We'll pick up this discussion next week, and I'll get a into inks and processes. That's it for now. Using Type continues here Thursday. Thanks to Berton Hasebe's Alda for setting the title.


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UPDATE: Find a fresh new kit design here.
A new kit has been created for 2017!
Happy New Year, friends!
new years eve. really?!
twenty-thirteen. sounds a little crazy.
the boys are so excited to open their letters from last year.
and i'm looking forward to sitting down with my husband
as the clock counts down.
to plot the year ahead, together.
twenty-twelve felt a lot like treading water.
and this coming year we resolve to get things done.
make changes. and work hard.
we've got big plans for twenty-fourteen.
i'm getting ready to bundle up our kits right now.
i grabbed some fancy gold foil seals today and stuffed a little paper sleeve with everything we'll need to fill out our lists and write a little letter to our future selves. there's also a special children's list just like years past for the kiddies to compare how they've grown and changed these last twelve months.
i love that you do this with me.
it's so fun to hear that you'll be sitting down with these kits and your own families this evening, too.
happy new year, friends!
love, lindsay
and many thanks to danyelle
for her late night photo styling ideas/help from the labor and delivery wing!

subset: commoncrawl


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Images of the Day: 'Tis still the economy, stupid!
Posted by msrb on March 21, 2009
submitted by a reader
Shafted: Homo sapiens sapiens:
In the dawn of 21st century, against all planetary interests and in the face of the welfare of majority, the carbon intensive economic system still continues to serve the monetary interest of a very small minority.
Demonstrators protest outside the Goldman Sachs building in New York, March 19, 2009. The demonstration was part of a national protest against major U.S. banks and firms with participants calling on Congress to take action on employee free choice, health care, and banking reform. REUTERS/Eric Thayer. All images on this page may be subject to copyright.
A woman collects recyclable materials at a dump site in Changzhi, Shanxi province March 20, 2009. REUTERS/Stringer.
French riot police arrest youth at the end of a peaceful protest march in Paris on March 19, 2009. Several hundred youths clashed with police in Paris on Thursday, as peaceful, million-strong protests against France's handling of the economic crisis turned violent. REUTERS/Gonzalo Fuentes
Protesters clash with police in London in January over Israel's action in Gaza. Such scenes could become more common sights in the UK. Guardian UK. Photograph: Peter Macdiarmid/Getty Images
Europe is in danger of being split by a new 'Iron Curtain' as the deepening economic crisis separates east from west, the EU has been told. Hungarian protester argues with riot police outside the Hungarian Parliament. March 1, 2009. Telegraph UK. Photo: AFP
Global economic downturn takes its toll on "New Europe." Several hundred protesters clashed with riot police in front of Lithuania's Parliament in Vilnius on January 16, 2009. (Photo: Petras Malukas/AFP/Getty Images).
Iceland's economy was devastated by the collapse of its 3 largest banks. In this January 20, 2009 photo, riot police is seen using pepperspray and teargas to disperse demonstrators in the capital, Reykjavik . Photo credit: Johannes G. Skulason
Sofia, Bulgaria, 21 January 2009: Protesters wave the national flag and shout slogans during an anti-government protest in front of parliament in the capital. Bulgarians have held a rally to demand that the government resign because of alleged corruption and a deepening economic crisis. Guardian UK. Photograph: Petar Petrov/AP.
Nikea, Greece, 26 January 2009: Tractors block the Athens-Thessaloniki motorway near the city of Larisa, as farmers continue to occupy key junctions on the route and other roads in northern Greece, effectively slicing the country in two. Photograph: Sakis Mitrolidis/Getty.
Edinburgh, Scotland, April 23 2008: Demonstrators protest outside Edinburgh International Conference where the Royal Bank of Scotland annual general meeting is taking place. The bank went on to accept a £20bn government bail-out. Photograph: Jeff J Mitchell/Getty Images.
Riga, Latvia, 13 January 2009: Looters pick up food and spirits in a grocery store after protesters clash with anti-riot police officers during a rally near the Saeima (parliament). Thousands of people massed in the capital demanding snap elections and the resignation of the government in the face of a deepening economic crisis. The rally is one of the largest protest since the Baltic country won independence from the crumbling Soviet Union in 1991. Photograph: Ilmars Znotins/AFP/Getty Images.
All images on this page may be subject to copyright.


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When singer Adrienne Bailon hit the red carpet at the 40/40 Club Monday night, all eyes were on her.
But rather than noting her plunging pink gown or her flashy jewels, people wondered if her expression didn't look a little... off.
The Cheetah Girls singer's hair was pulled back tight and extra-heavy eye makeup, highlighted cheekbones and fuller lips, giving her a wide-eyed look that prompted rumors of plastic surgery.
3LW/Cheetah Girl Adrienne Bailon is still thinks people care. Nice dress though! pic.twitter.com/TbWZ41AGFW— Dollar (@callmedollar) June 19, 2013


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We also had visitors coming for breakfast...I say breakfast not brunch because most people with little ones know that they wake up at the crack of dawn. So, I thought some yummy muffins would go down well for breakfast. My favourite muffins are the Bourke street bakery dark chocolate and raspberry muffins, and I love that they are simple, yummy and have a little more sophisticated taste, due to the two main components, chocolate and raspberries.
The recipe is fairly basic and makes 12 large muffins, though I like to make smaller ones. I do like to make mine in little muffin cases and I only bake them for 15 minutes, but do check your oven and keep an eye on them.
Dark Chocolate and Raspberry Muffins from Bourke Street Bakery
Makes 12
• 400g (2 2/3 cups) plain flour
• 2 teaspoons baking powder
• 300g caster sugar
• 310g unsalted butter
• 480ml buttermilk (I make my own buttermilk by adding 1 tsp of white vinegar per cup of milk)
• 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
• 3 eggs
• 225g dark chocolate, roughly chopped
• 225g raspberries, fresh or frozen
• 55g raw sugar
• Icing sugar, for dusting
1. Preheat the oven to 190°C (375°F). Lightly grease a 12-hole muffin tin and line with paper cases.
2. Sift the flour and baking paper into a bowl and add the sugar, mixing well to combine.
3. Melt the butter in a saucepan over low heat, then remove from the heat and stir in the buttermilk. Using a whisk stir in the eggs to combine. Pour over the dry ingredients and whisk to combine. Use a large spoon to gently fold through the chocolate and raspberries. Don't overmix.
4. Spoon the mixture into the prepared muffin tins. Sprinkle the tops with raw sugar. Reduce the oven temperature to 180°C (350°F) and bake for 20-25 minutes. For smaller ones, cook for around 10 -15 minutes. It may be necessary to drop the temperature about 10 minutes before the end of baking time if the muffins are starting to brown on top.
5. To test if the muffins are done, push the top gently to feel that it is firm. Remove from the oven and allow to cool in the tins for 10 minutes before eating. Dust with icing sugar to serve.
This is a good recipe to make with kids as it is fairly simple. They are moist and a little sweet, but not too sweet. Oh and as you have probably noticed I always forget to dust with icing sugar. They also freeze really well and are a great 'rush' morning breakfast. The little people in my life are not crazy about them, but I am yet to find a muffin recipe that they do like. Me on the other hand, I love them.
Now if only I could get to the bakery to try them for real!


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Barry Sander's Son (Barry Sanders Jr) Nice Tounchdown Run! [Stuntin Like His Daddy]
OHSSE video of Barry Sanders, Jr. scoring on a 64-yard reverse in the Oklahoma Class 2A State Semi-Finals. Sanders (a freshman at Heritage Hall High School) is the son of the best NCAA and NFL running back of all time, Barry Sanders who played for the Oklahoma State Cowboys and the Detroit Lions. Shout out to myspace.com/hiphopnews24x7
Please click the "Report" button below if the video on this page is not working properly.
Comments will only be displayed by verified emails. No Spamming or Racism.


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upContainers is a library that defines and implements primitive data structures used in everyday programming. Currently, the library defines stacks (/Stack), queues (/Queue), sets (/Set), and many other common data easily implementable structures. Documentation is located in the library.
- Stack (/Stack)
- Queue (/Queue)
- Set (/Set)
- Deque (/Deque)
- Linked List (/LinkedList)
- Doubly-Linked List (/DLinkedList)
Example code:
#include <UnknownPerson/upContainers>
var/Stack/S = new /Stack (list(1,2,3,4,5))
src << S.Pop()
var/LinkedList/L = new /LinkedList (list(5,2,3,7))
var/lNode/new_node = lNode(L, 7)
for(var/lNode/n = L.getFront(), n != null, n = n.getNext())
src << n.getData()
Release Info:
Version 2.0 (May 31st, 2008)
- Added the Linked List (/LinkedList) and Doubly-Linked List structure (/DLinkedList), which utilizes the Linked Node structures (/lNode and /dlNode) to store data
- Added the Deque structure (/Deque), which allows pushing and popping from both sides of the line. (IainPeregrine, Hiead)
- Added the /Set/Copy(), which returns a duplicate of a set
- Empty sets and queues would give a runtime error on getTop(), getFront(), and getBack() (Thurnok)
- Sets, Queues, and Stacks now support single-item initialization. If a non-list value is submitted through the first arg, the container object will be initialized with the single value. (Thurnok)
- Stacks, Sets and Queues did not properly assign an internal list if an initializer list was sent through New()
Version 1.0 (May 9th, 2008)
- library released (features sets, queues, and stacks)


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By entering this competition (the ŌĆ£CompetitionŌĆØ), you (the ŌĆ£participantŌĆØ) agree to be bound by these terms and conditions. Any information or instructions published by the Promoter (as defined below) about the Competition on heckfood.co.uk, twitter.com/HeckFood, facebook.com/heckfood and Instagram.com/heckfooduk sites form part of these terms and conditions.
The Promoter
The promoter of this Competition is Heck Food Limited of Lime Lane, Kirklington, Bedale, North Yorkshire DL8 2NY. (the ŌĆ£PromoterŌĆØ).
Competition Period
Winner Selection
Use of the Entries / Content by the Promoter
Privacy and Data Protection
[Terms & Conditions END]


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We use cookies to make your experience better. To comply with the new e-Privacy directive, we need to ask for your consent to set the cookies. Learn more.
The dog is man's best friend
Your dog will always be with you through thick and thin. Give your dog some love and care through playful interactions which will result in your dog leading a wonderful life, and even add value to your own. All dogs have different personalities and are driven by different things. Praise and reward your dog when you achieve something together, big or small.
The dog's need for exercise and attention changes through the years from puppy to senior. Therefore, you need to adapt your toys based on the age and abilities of the dog. What does your dog need to feel good?
There are four pillars that your dog needs in order to thrive:
- Play
- Etiquette
- Pack
- Exercise
Take care of your best friend – that's what friends do!
2 Items
- Microfiber towel grey€6.00 €9.00
- Dog Bag Holder€2.45 €4.90
2 Items


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Swarovski Jewellery figurines – swan, medium
Swarovski Jewellery figurines – kris bear-only for you
Kris Bear-Only for YouThis adorable Kris Bear is the perfect way to say I love you! Holding a heart in Light Rose crystal, she smiles affectionately with her printed mouth. The Light Rose crystal bow adds a cute finishing touch to this heart-warming design. Ideal for Valentine's Day or anniversaries! Decoration object. Not a toy. Not suitable for children under 15.
Designer: Keiko Arai
Ref: 1096732
Gender: Swarovski Crystal
Age Group: adult
Colour: Clear
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Create a free account to use wishlists.Sign in


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(Ottawa, Ont.) – The Aboriginal Tourism Marketing Circle (ATMC) and Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada (AANDC), through the Aboriginal Procurement and Business Development Directorate, signed a major agreement yesterday in Ottawa. ATMC Chairperson Keith Henry and AANDC Director General Nicole Ladouceur signed the first ever Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) concerning Aboriginal Tourism.
ATMC is a national Aboriginal cultural tourism industry based member-based organization. ATMC has twenty four (24) members from across Canada and creates partnerships between associations, organizations, government departments, and industry leaders. The members work to collectively pursue initiatives to support the growth of Aboriginal tourism in Canada.
The purpose of MOU signed yesterday is:
a) Formalize the commitment of the Parties to work together to ensure that the implementation of the Federal Framework for Aboriginal Economic Development (the Framework), more specifically as it relates to national tourism opportunities for Aboriginal business and commitments outlined in the Federal Tourism Strategy occur in a coordinated fashion that optimize the value of federal investments and lead to more positive outcomes in supporting Aboriginal economic development;
b) Strengthen and clarify mechanisms for communication between the federal government and the Aboriginal Tourism Marketing Circle, and identify key points of contact. For the purposes of this MOU, the Aboriginal Procurement and Business Partnerships (APBP) directorate of the Aboriginal Entrepreneurship Branch of Lands and Economic Development Sector will be the primary point of contact on this initiative for AANDC. The Aboriginal Tourism Marketing Circle will be the primary point of contact for the Canadian Aboriginal tourism industry;
c) Establish a collaborative and coordinated partnership in key areas to promote and foster economic development through Aboriginal tourism among Aboriginal businesses, individuals and communities in Canada; and,
d) Engage other potential partners, including other federal departments, provincial, territorial and municipal authorities, to identify opportunities for greater collaboration, as well as projects or activities that can be undertaken.
ATMC Chair Keith Henry stated; "ATMC members are grateful to AANDC and the Government of Canada for supporting the Aboriginal cultural tourism industry. This MOU is an important step forward to formalize the relationship and signal the importance of Aboriginal tourism in Canada. The leadership by Nicole and her team at AANDC has led to this important next step."
ATMC Chair Henry concluded; "ATMC and AANDC are taking steps to implement the MOU including a future presentation regarding the economic value of Aboriginal tourism at the Canadian Council of Tourism Ministers, National Research project, and expansion of the ATMC website portal. There is important new work to complete together and ATMC members are very pleased with the progress after years of work together as an industry. Moreover ATMC members recognize the important work yet to be completed throughout all Provinces and territories to increase Aboriginal participation in Aboriginal tourism. There is growing Aboriginal tourism demand from a variety of markets and together with partners we can significantly increase the value for all tourism in Canada."
Click here to download this press release as a PDF : ATMC Press Release June 13th, 2014 MOU Signing
Québec Aboriginal Tourism is very pleased with the signing of this protocol, which formalizes the ATMC, which we are proud members, as network in Canada Aboriginal tourism.


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Cleveland Cavaliers Tickets
Home Games Against Chicago Bulls
About Cleveland Cavaliers
The Cleveland Cavaliers, also known as the Cavs, are an American basketball team based in Cleveland, Ohio at the Rocket Mortgage Fieldhouse. Throughout much of their history the Cavs have been plagued with hardship, not bringing home their first title until 2016. In the past decade the Cleveland Cavaliers have become one of the most exciting teams to watch in the NBA. Be one of the thousands of fans that flock to the fieldhouse every game donned in their maroon and gold! Order your cheap Cleveland Cavalier tickets today.
The team began as an expansion team in 1970 along with the Portland Trail Blazers. Starting off, the Cavs were notorious for being a losing team. They did not have their first winning season until 1976 when they went on to win their division title. After breaking what seemed to be a bad omen, the Cavs would qualify for the playoffs for the next two seasons, although they were never able to make it out of the divisional round. The 1980s proved to be a very difficult time for the Cavaliers, as they had several disastrous seasons. In 1992 the tide for the Cavs changed, as they made their first appearance in the Eastern Conference Finals, although they went on to be eliminated. After several gloomy years of peak up and down performance, their luck changed when they drafted forward Lebron James in the 2003 NBA Draft. Knowing that they had landed a star player, the organization began to build a team surrounding Lebron. From 2006 to 2010 the Cavaliers made five consecutive playoff appearances, even making it to the NBA Finals for the first time in franchise history in 2007. After a disappointing loss in the 2010 Eastern Conference Finals to the Boston Celtics, Lebron James announced that he would be leaving the Cavs and signing with the Miami Heat.
The loss of Lebron in 2010 proved detrimental to the Cavaliers for the 2010-2011 season, only winning a total of 19 games. To combat this sudden loss of talent, the organization once again began to rebuild surrounding their first overall draft pick of 2011- Kyrie Irving. From 2011 to 2014 the Cavaliers failed to make a single playoff appearance. In 2014 Lebron James announced that he would once again be playing for the Cavaliers. From 2015 to 2018 alongside Irving and Kevin Love, Lebron brought Cleveland to four consecutive NBA Finals against the Golden State Warriors. The team brought home their first franchise NBA Championship title in 2016, signaling the end of a championship drought that had plagued the city of Cleveland since 1964. After losing to the Warriors in the 2018 NBA Finals, the Cavs saw major changes throughout their roster including the dismissal of Lebron James once again.
With a long list of playoff appearances and various conference and division titles under their belt, the Cavs are always a leading contender in the NBA championships. Although in the midst of a rebuild, fans are eager to see what legends are on the rise within the organization. The Cavs have a timeless history of NBA stars, including All-Stars Austin Carr, Mark Price, Brad Daugherty, Zydrunas Ilauskas, and Shaquille O'Neal. See all the new up and coming talent play before they become legends!
While the team does not have one major rival, they are known for engaging in heavy competition with a few teams. The Washington Wizards are one of the team's major adversaries, having faced off in the playoffs for three seasons in a row and have gone head to head more times than any other team in the NBA during the past seven seasons. Other intense matchups with the Cavaliers include those with the Detroit Pistons and the Chicago Bulls. Each season, the Cavs play many rivalry games that increase the number of dedicated fans looking for cheap tickets. With former Cavalier star Lebron James now playing for the Los Angeles Lakers, matchups between these two teams will be especially intense. Get your cheap tickets now before they are all gone, and you must watch all the action from home!
Rocket Mortgage Fieldhouse
The Rocket Mortgage Fieldhouse opened in 1994 originally as the Gund Arena and is situated right in downtown Cleveland. The arena is not only the home to the Cavs but also to other professional sports teams including the Cleveland Monsters of the AHL. The spacious arena is the third-largest in the NBA and fits over 20,000 fans, making it easy to find cheap Cavaliers tickets. Throughout the arena are several club suites as well as top quality food and beverage amenities. Perhaps one of the most noteworthy amenities to this arena is that they are sensory inclusive, offering sensory bags as well as a room for fans with sensory needs to escape to if the environment becomes too overwhelming. Through this implementation in 2017, the Cavaliers became the first NBA team to become certified as "sensory inclusive".
Attending a Cleveland Cavaliers game is a memory that no basketball fan will ever forget. Make sure to get your cheap Cleveland Cavaliers tickets here today!
Cleveland Cavaliers Team Schedule


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A Range of A-Frames
Posted by
Becky |
View all posts by Becky
Leave a comment! | Published in Architecture
As a kid, A-frame houses always fascinated me; we'd look for them on family road trips like we looked for punch buggies and Alaska license plates. It was probably this awesome Fisher Price A-Frame; it was quite a contemporary step up from the barn and more relaxing than the airplane:
Below is the house that launched a thousand A-frames, designed by architect Andrew Geller in Long Island NY and built in 1955. It's known as the Reese house and is responsible for the surge in A-frame popularity in the fifties through the seventies. If you're looking to extend your break from work right now, be sure to read this article by Alastair Gordon and check out more stunning shots of Geller's work.
It was this super cool A-frame in ReadyMade magazine several years ago that recaptured my imagination, in fact, I'm pretty sure I blogged about it at the time.
These cool A-frames on the beach in Texas sure beat the heck out of a crumbling motel:
A-frames also inspired groovy ads and prints that have big time retro appeal today, like this one from SVPPLY:
If you're really going for a kitschy look, check out this tall narrow A-frame outhouse:
I don't know what I love more, the genius new addition on this classic A-frame in Belgium or the way the Panton Chairs look on its deck. See more of this addition by dmvA Architects over at i.d.
Finally, designers are using the the original A-frame silhouette as inspiration for incredible new architecture, like this one located in the Pyrenees, designed by Cadaval & Solà-Morales:
Finding fab a-frames is so easy on the internet that I thought we should have a little collection to admire. We'll keep collecting them in our new A-frame Pinterest board. If you have any you'd like to share, please shoot us a link in the Comments section.
Hi, I'm Becky. I live in Atlanta. Besides acting as the Editorial Director here on Hatch, you can find me talking design over at Houzz. Make me happy — leave a comment!


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Police Family Violence Fact Sheet
Two studies have found that at least 40% of police officer families experience domestic violence, (1, 2) in contrast to 10% of families in the general population.(3) A third study of older and more experienced officers found a rate of 24% (4), indicating that domestic violence is 2-4 times more common among police families than American families in general. A police department that has domestic violence offenders among its ranks will not effectively serve and protect victims in the community.5, 6, 7, 8 Moreover, when officers know of domestic violence committed by their colleagues and seek to protect them by covering it up, they expose the department to civil liability.7
Unique Vulnerability | Failure of Departmental Policies | "Exceedingly Light Discipline" | Performance Evaluations Not Affected | The LAPD Investigation | Legislative Response | Lack of Enforcement Undermines Law's Effectiveness | Resources | Footnotes
Unique Vulnerability
Domestic violence is always a terrible crime, but victims of a police officer are particularly vulnerable because the officer who is abusing them:
Victims often fear calling the police, because they know the case will be handled by officers who are colleagues and/or friends of their abuser. Victims of police family violence typically fear that the responding officers will side with their abuser and fail to properly investigate or document the crime.5, 7
Failure of Departmental Policies
These suspicions are well founded, as most departments across the country typically handle cases of police family violence informally, often without an official report, investigation, or even check of the victim's safety.5, 8, 9 This "informal" method is often in direct contradiction to legislative mandates and departmental policies regarding the appropriate response to domestic violence crimes. Moreover, a 1994 nationwide survey of 123 police departments documented that almost half (45%) had no specific policy for dealing with officer-involved domestic violence. In that same study:
Although the International Association of Chiefs of Police have prepared a model policy on police officer-involved domestic violence, there is no evidence that police departments across the country are doing anything other than simply including the policy in their manuals.
Violent Police Officers Receive "Exceedingly Light Discipline"
The reality is that even officers who are found guilty of domestic violence are unlikely to be fired, arrested, or referred for prosecution, raising concern that those who are tasked with enforcing the law cannot effectively police themselves.5, 6, 7 For example:
In fact, an in-depth investigation of the Los Angeles Police Department conducted by the Office of the Inspector General concluded that the discipline imposed on officers found guilty of domestic violence "was exceedingly light when the facts of each incident were examined" (p. i).12
Performance Evaluations Not Affected; Violent Officers Often Promoted
The study of the Los Angeles Police Department further examined the 91 cases in which an allegation of domestic violence was sustained against an officer.
The report concluded that "employees with sustained allegations were neither barred from moving to desired positions nor transferred out of assignments that were inconsistent with the sustained allegation" (p. iii).12
The LAPD Investigation
In 1997, the Los Angeles Office of the Inspector General conducted an investigation of the LAPD after a legal consultant named Bob Mullally leaked shocking LAPD personnel files to the press. These files documented scores of violent domestic crimes committed by LAPD officers. Mullally was so shocked by the LAPD's mishandling of this police family violence that he decided to violate the civil protective order in the case he was working on and turn the files over to the media, in the hopes of creating change in the LAPD.
The National Center for Women & Policing and the Feminist Majority
Foundation have been actively involved in this case, which was featured
in 2000 in a 60 Minutes segment with Mike Wallace. For more information
on the case or to obtain documents including the amicus brief submitted
by the National Center for Women & Policing and the Feminist Majority
Foundation, please contact our office at (310)556-2526.
Legislative Response
In 1996, an important federal law was passed, which prohibits individuals -- including police officers -- from owning or using a firearm if they have been convicted of a misdemeanor domestic violence offense (18 U.S.C. § 925).13


text: Fasten up and get strapped in. Our sexy stocking collection includes lace-top, seamed, fishnet and patterned stockings as well as a whole array of hold-ups, we're ready to help you top off your sexiest outfits. In a whole range of colours, our sexy hosiery finishes every lingerie look and adds a sexy sass to every outfit. One glimpse, they're hooked - time to grab those sexy stockings and tights in every style?


text:
Hi loves!
I uploaded one more video to watch on my Youtube Channel! Here i posted aboout the Behind The Scene of AmyGo photoshoot to create Spring Lookbook 2017. To make this happe, i always have an awesome team to help me make the campaign and produce high quality fashion shoots. Thank you! :)
Watch it and please give thumbs up, leave comment if you love it, and don't forget to subscribe! More over, i hope you enjoy the video as much as i did in making it! :)
Instagram @amygostore


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Opinion analysis: Attorney's fees for frivolous claims
Yesterday in Fox v. Vice, the Court added another chapter to a lengthy legal battle arising out of the use of "dirty tricks" by a Louisiana police chief. In a thirteen-page unanimous opinion by Justice Kagan, the Court held that when a civil rights lawsuit under Section 1983 includes both frivolous and non-frivolous claims, a court may award reasonable attorney's fees to a defendant for costs that it would not have incurred but for the frivolous claims. [Disclosure: I served as a judge on a moot court for Joshua Rosencranz, counsel for the petitioner, but was not otherwise involved in the case.]
The controversy began back in 2005, when petitioner Ricky Fox challenged the incumbent police chief in Vinton, Louisiana, Billy Ray Vice. Despite the use of what Fox describes as "dirty tricks" in the campaign for police chief, Fox won the election. And although Vice was later convicted of criminal extortion for his conduct in the campaign, Fox also filed a lawsuit in state court against him, alleging both state-law claims such as defamation and federal civil rights claims. (Vice has since died, but his estate is now a party to the case.)
Vice removed the case to federal court, where discovery followed. Vice then filed a motion for summary judgment with regard to Fox's federal claims, which at that point even Fox agreed were not valid. The district court dismissed those claims with prejudice and remanded the case to state court; in so doing, it noted that the work done by Vice's attorneys could be used to defend him against the remaining claims.
Vice next filed a motion seeking attorney's fees under 42 U.S.C. § 1988. The district court granted the motion and awarded Vice fees for all of the work that his attorneys had done in the case, even though Fox's state-law claims remained ongoing in state court. On appeal, the Fifth Circuit affirmed, agreeing with the district court that the litigation had focused on the frivolous federal claims.
Today the Court vacated the Fifth Circuit's decision and remanded the case for further proceedings. The Court began from the premise that prevailing defendants can receive attorney's fees in civil rights cases when (among other things) a plaintiff's claim is frivolous; such awards, the Court emphasized, are consistent with protecting defendants "from burdensome litigation having no legal or factual basis," which was Congress's purpose in enacting Section 1988.
The Court then turned to the much more difficult question presented by this case: when a case involves a mix of intertwined frivolous and non-frivolous claims, how should courts allocate attorney's fees for work that helps defend against both sets of claims? The Court quickly rejected, without much discussion, Fox's first line of argument "" that a defendant who prevails on a federal civil rights claim that is deemed frivolous can never receive fees if the claim is intertwined with non-frivolous claims. [You can read my recap of the oral argument here.] However, the Court also rejected Vice's argument that fees should be awarded for work that is "fairly attributable" to the frivolous claims, describing it as "an empty and amorphous test" that is "in truth no standard at all."
Instead, the Court endorsed the standard that Rosencranz, on Fox's behalf, had advanced as his fall-back standard at oral argument, the "but for" test: "Section 1988 permits the defendant to receive only the portion of his fees that he would not have paid but for the frivolous claim." Put another way, "if the defendant would have incurred [attorney's fees] anyway, to defend against non-frivolous claims" "" for example, a deposition addressing both frivolous and non-frivolous claims, which the attorney would have taken even if the frivolous claims were not included "" "then a court has no basis for transferring the expense to the plaintiff." Such a test, the Court explained, is appropriate when "the defendant has never shouldered the burden that Congress, in enacting §1988, wanted to relieve."
Having articulated the "but for" test, the Court went on to clarify that the test was not really a "but for" test in the sense that prevailing defendants cannot recover any costs related to a non-frivolous claim. Rather, although the Court did not adopt the suggestion by Mark Stancil, who represented Vice, that courts should look at a prevailing defendant's "overall degree of success," it made clear that prevailing defendants may in some circumstances recover fees arising from work relating to both frivolous and non-frivolous claims "" for example, when the frivolous claims prompt the removal of the case to federal court, thereby increasing the costs of the litigation, or when a defendant can demonstrate "that a frivolous claim involved a specialized area that reasonably caused him to hire more expensive counsel for the entire case." And, much as Stancil suggested, the Court gave district courts significant discretion to achieve what it described as "the essential goal in shifting fees": "to do rough justice."
The Court then turned to the application of its new standard to the case before it. It noted the likelihood that "" as the district court suggested "" Vice would have incurred many of the same legal fees even if Fox had not pressed the frivolous claims. Because the district court's decision, the Court emphasized, "failed to take proper account of this overlap between the frivolous and non-frivolous claims," the Court sent the case back to the lower courts for further proceedings. Given the Court's opinion, it seems likely that Fox "" although not the "prevailing defendant" "" will fare significantly better when the fee award is recalculated.
Recommended Citation: Amy Howe, Opinion analysis: Attorney's fees for frivolous claims, SCOTUSblog (Jun. 7, 2011, 1:29 PM), https://www.scotusblog.com/2011/06/opinion-recap-attorney%e2%80%99s-fees-for-frivolous-claims/


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Space enthusiasts in the Northeast have a new reason to visit New York City's Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum: today marks the grand opening of the museum's Space Shuttle Enterprise exhibit.
From the museum's website:
The exhibition brings to life the remarkable story of the Enterprise as the original prototype space shuttle orbiter in relation to NASA's historic role in experimental aircraft throughout the twentieth-century...The experience will inspire visitors of all ages, offering an unforgettable look at the past, present and future of space missions.
Enterprise (which, yes, is named after the Star Trek starship) was never equipped with engines or a heat shield, and was therefore never used for an orbital flight; but it did play a crucial role in NASA's atmospheric approach and landing tests during the 1970s; information gained from these trial runs proved indespensible in the development of later incarnations of the spacecraft.
Festivities at today's big exhibition opening will include appearances by NASA Administrator Charles Bolden and three out of four of Enterprise's astronauts. You can check out more info about the exhibition opening over on SPACE.com.


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by Jean Hofve, DVM, Veterinary Advisor to Only Natural Pet
One of the leading vendors of raw food recently recalled a number of its frozen raw chicken products because they may have been contaminated with Salmonella, a bacteria that can cause gastrointestinal illness.
When considering the risks and benefits of raw diets, we should remember that the recalled brand's raw foods are vastly outnumbered by the hundreds of canned and dry foods that sickened or killed tens of thousands of dogs and cats in the 2007 recall fiasco and others since then. How many animals got sick from the raw foods? Zero. On the other hand, the benefits of a raw meat diet are many. Skin, ear, digestive, weight, allergic, and immune-related diseases usually improve on a good quality, balanced raw diet.
However, raw food has potential drawbacks as well as benefits. The bacteria Salmonella is the most commonly cited danger from feeding raw meat. However, even though this bacterium is a common contaminant of meat, eggs, and soil, it is not a significant threat to dogs and cats, due to the carnivore's shorter gastrointestinal tract and faster transit time (compared to humans). Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warnings typically emphasize the risks to frail people like young infants, the elderly, and immune-compromised people (e.g., those with immune system diseases such as Lupus or AIDS, or those on immune-suppressing drugs like steroids or chemotherapy).
According to experts—including the FDA—Salmonella does not pose any real threat to healthy animals. In fact, it's estimated that 30% of normal healthy dogs and 18% of healthy cats (nearly all of whom eat processed commercial pet food) are already carriers, simply from environmental exposure. One study on raw diets showed that, even when 80% of meat samples were positive for Salmonella, 70% of dogs eating that meat tested negative, and none got sick. The vast majority of human cases are completely unrelated to dogs and cats. It is prudent, however, to avoid feeding pets non-organic raw ground beef, due to severe contamination problems in the meat packing industry.
Listeria is another common environmental bacteria. The vast majority of Listeria cases in people come from processed foods, like hot dogs, cold cuts, cheese, and raw vegetables. Healthy people (and pets) are resistant and don't usually become ill from this bug.
Common sense says that handling raw meat diets for pets is no different from buying raw meat at the grocery store to make hamburgers for your family. By always following normal safe meat-handling procedures with all raw animal products, you'll virtually eliminate the risk of illness for your pet and your family.
So why feed raw? Raw meat diets are credited with restoring the health of thousands of dogs and cats. Guardians universally report big improvements in skin, coat, energy, and overall well-being. Raw diets have helped innumerable pets heal from a wide variety of health problems, including allergies, asthma, urinary tract problems, digestive issues, dental disease, immune disorders, degenerative diseasess, and epilepsy.
However, raw diets aren't for every pet. Animals with inflammatory conditions of the gut, and those taking immune-suppressing drugs, should not be fed raw meat until their systems have time to heal. You can lightly cook raw meat or even raw complete diets without losing essential nutrients. As your pet's health improves, cook the meat less and less until your pet is ready to transition to raw. It's usually best to make any diet changes gradually.
If you haven't fed your pet raw meat or "people" food before (or it's been a long time since you did), be sure to make all dietary changes slowly and cautiously. The whole digestive system has to restructure itself to digest the new food properly.
To ease the transition, extra digestive enzymes and probiotics are helpful. Omega 3 fatty acids are deficient in all commercial pet diets, and even in homemade raw diets, so it's a good idea to add a good quality Omega 3 oil to your pet's diet. Of course, these supplements are beneficial for all pets, no matter what they eat!
Only Natural Pet Store carries a wide variety of probiotics, enzymes, and combination products for you to choose from. To name just a few:
• Only Natural Pet Vital Digest,Prozyme, and Biozyme provide important enzymes to help your pet's digestive system break down the food properly.
• Ark Naturals Gentle Digest, NF Spectra Probiotic, and Only Natural Pet Probiotic Blend are all probiotics that supply friendly bacteria and nutrients to support proper absorption and elimination of toxins and bad bacteria.
• Pet Naturals Digestive Support for Cats and Dogs and Animal Essentials Plant Enzymes & Probiotics contain both enzymes and friendly bacteria.
• Only Natural Pet Sockeye Salmon Oil and Nordic Naturals Pet Cod Liver Oil are good sources of Omega-3 fatty acids.
Even if you don't want to feed a raw diet full-time, adding a little fresh meat to your pet's regular diet a few times a week, or feeding part raw and part regular commercial food, will go a long way toward better health for your pet.


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Frederick Dozier Jr. guilty of 3 rapes
A jury has convicted a San Francisco school cafeteria worker of sexually assaulting, beating and robbing three women last year in the Mission District during a series of attacks that became progressively more violent.
Frederick Dozier Jr., 33, sat silently in San Francisco Superior Court on Tuesday as a clerk read guilty verdicts for 25 felony counts, including attempted rape, kidnapping and forced oral copulation. The jury acquitted him of one count of attempted murder.
Prosecutors said Dozier will probably spend the rest of his life in prison.
The jury reached its verdicts Friday, but they were not delivered until Tuesday.
During the two-week trial, the three victims testified that Dozier had grabbed them from behind and dragged them to secluded spots, where he sexually assaulted them.
The three victims are all petite and were walking alone in the dark during early morning hours.
The first attack occurred on June 17, 2011, at 3 a.m. The victim, identified as a woman in her 20s, said she was walking home when Dozier dragged her to a driveway on the 1300 block of South Van Ness Avenue and forced her to perform sex acts.
Dozier's DNA was identified in semen traces found on the victim's gray scarf, authorities said.
The second victim said she was going to work when she was attacked at about 4 a.m. on Nov. 18, 2011, on the 1200 block of Potrero Avenue.
Prosecutors accused Dozier of attempting to murder the second victim, identified as a woman in her 50s who was choked so hard that blood vessels in her eyes burst. She told investigators that after she pretended to lose consciousness, Dozier had twisted her neck and whispered, "Go to sleep."
Dozier was acquitted on the attempted murder charge, but jurors found that the attacks had escalated in violence. They convicted him of causing great bodily injury to a third victim while kidnapping her.
The third victim, a woman in her 30s who was on her way to the gym, was attacked at 4 a.m. on Dec. 8, 2011, near Fair Oaks and 24th streets. She was unconscious for much of the time after being beaten so violently that her nose was split open to the cartilage.
Assistant District Attorney Marshall Khine built his case around DNA evidence and taped confessions from Dozier.
Deputy Public Defender Greg Goldman represented Dozier and argued during the trial that DNA genetic markers are never an exact match. He added that Dozier confessed only after investigators told him DNA evidence linked him to the victims.
Goldman could not be reached for comment Tuesday.
Despite the acquittal on the attempted murder charge, Dozier still faces multiple life sentences, said District Attorney George Gascón.
"This defendant will go to prison for life, and that is where he belongs," Gascón said at a news conference after the verdicts were read. "This is someone that does not belong in the streets. ... Frankly, he is an animal."
Dozier was arrested in January after a citizen's tip prompted police to investigate him. Investigators said Dozier agreed to give a DNA sample, which turned out to be a 1 in 4 quintillion match to the DNA found in the first attack and a 1 in 4 billion match to the DNA found in the second attack, according to the prosecution's experts.
Dozier is scheduled to be sentenced on Dec. 14.
Vivian Ho is a San Francisco Chronicle staff writer. E-mail: email@example.com Twitter: @VivianHo


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Upgrading Your Skills to MCSA Windows 8 (20689D)
Get detailed instruction and hands-on practice upgrading your configuration and troubleshooting skills from Windows 7 to Windows 8.1 in this 3-day Microsoft Official Course. This course is designed for experienced IT professionals who configure and support Windows PCs and devices. You will learn the new skills you need to support Windows 8.1 in a Windows Server domain environment with managed access to the Internet and cloud services. You will learn how to install and customize Windows 8.1 operating systems and apps, as well as how to migrate user state and settings. The labs in the course incorporate Windows PowerShell and Group Policy and other Windows management tools. With the increasing BYOD trend, learn to control access for non-domain joined Windows devices through Workplace Join services and Work Folders. Additionally, you will learn how to resolve common support issues related to Windows 8.1, including troubleshooting Internet Explorer, recovering BitLocker encrypted drives, and optimizing performance. Finally, you will learn about implementing Client Hyper-V in Windows 8.1. As part of the learning experience, you will perform hands-on exercises in a virtual lab environment. This course also helps candidates prepare for Exam 70-689, MCSA: Upgrading Your Skills to MCSA Windows 8. NOTE: This course is based on Windows 8.1 Enterprise Edition with domain services provided by Windows Server 2012 R2.
Audience Profile
The primary audience for this course is IT professionals who configure and support Windows 7 or Windows 8-based PCs, devices, users, and associated network and security resources, and who wish to update their skills to Windows 8.1. The audience includes experienced IT Professionals who focus on supporting a broad range of technical issues related to Windows operating systems, devices, cloud services, applications, networking, and hardware.
A secondary audience for this course includes certification candidates who want to migrate their current credentials to the Microsoft Certified Solutions Associate (MCSA) for Windows 8.1, and have either:
- An existing Microsoft Certified IT Professional (MCITP) level certification for Windows 7
- An existing Microsoft Certified Solutions Associate (MCSA) level certification for Windows 8
Before attending this course, students must have:
- Technical knowledge of networking fundamentals, including Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), and Domain Name System (DNS)
- Familiarity with Microsoft® Active Directory® Domain Services (AD DS) principles and fundamentals of AD DS management
- Understanding of the Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) components and working knowledge of the fundamentals of Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS)
- Knowledge of Microsoft Windows Server ® 2008 or Windows Server 2012 fundamentals
- Knowledge of Microsoft Windows Client fundamentals; for example, working knowledge of Windows 7
- Knowledge of Windows Assessment and Deployment Kit (WADK) components including Windows PE, Windows System Image Manager (SIM), Volume Activation Management Tool (VAMT), ImageX, User State Migration Tool (USMT), and Deployment Image Servicing and Management (DISM) concepts and fundamentals
After completing this course, students will be able to:
- Describe the solutions and features related to managing Windows 8.1 in an enterprise network environment.
- Install Windows 8.1 and upgrade previous versions of Windows to Windows 8.1.
- Configure and manage Windows 8.1 by using Windows PowerShell, Group Policy, and Windows Intune.
- Implement an application strategy for Windows 8.1.
- Manage non-domain member devices and provide resource access for these devices.
- Secure Windows 8.1 devices by using appropriate tools and technologies.
- Configure remote access for computers running Windows 8.1.
- Monitor and recover Windows 8.1.
- Implement Client Hyper-V® in Windows 8.1.
Course Outline
Module 1: Windows 8.1 in an Enterprise Network Environment
This module explains how the features and related solutions in Windows 8.1 are used to support intranet, Internet, and non-domain joined Windows 8.1 clients. It also explains the changes to the Windows 8.1 user interface and how to perform customizations of the desktop and Start screen.
- Managing Windows 8.1 in an Enterprise Environment
- Overview of Windows 8.1
Module 2: Installing and Upgrading to Windows 8.1
This module explains how to identify hardware, software, and infrastructure readiness for installing Windows 8.1. It also describes the methods to manage volume activation in Windows 8.1 and how to migrate user state and settings when upgrading to Windows 8.1.
- Preparing to Install and Deploy Windows 8.1
- Installing Windows 8.1
- Volume Activation for Windows 8.1
- Migrating User State and Settings
Module 3: Configuring and Managing Windows 8.1
This module explains the tools used for local and remote management of Windows 8.1. It also explains how to configure and manage common settings in Windows 8.1 by using Windows PowerShell, Group Policy, and Windows Intune.
- Tools Used to Perform Local and Remote Management of Windows 8.1
- Using Windows PowerShell to Configure and Manage Windows 8.1
- Using Group Policy to Manage Windows 8.1
- Administering Windows 8.1 by Using Windows Intune
- Configuring User State Virtualization
Module 4: Implementing an Application Strategy for Windows 8.1
This module explains the application deployment options for Windows 8.1. It also explains how to install and manage Windows Store apps, secure Internet Explorer, and configure application restrictions.
- Application Deployment Options in Windows 8.1
- Managing Windows Store Apps
- Configuring Internet Explorer Settings
- Configuring Application Restrictions in an Enterprise
Module 5: Managing Devices and Resource Access
This module explains the options for managing non-domain member devices in a Windows 8.1 environment. It also explains how to configure Workplace Join and Work Folders for non-domain member devices.
- Options for Managing Non-Domain Member Devices
- Configuring Workplace Join
- Configuring Work Folders and Remote Business Data Removal
Module 6: Securing Windows 8.1 Devices
This module explains the methods used for authentication and authorization in Windows 8.1. It also explains how to secure data by using BitLocker and configure User Account Control (UAC) settings. It then explains how to configure Windows SmartScreen and Windows Defender to protect against malware. It also describes how to configure and implement Windows Firewall.
- Authentication and Authorization in Windows 8.1
- Securing Data by Using BitLocker
- Configuring UAC
- Guarding Against Malware
- Configuring Windows Firewall
Module 7: Configuring Remote Access
This module explains how to implement a simple DirectAccess deployment. It explains the process for implementing an advanced DirectAccess infrastructure. It also explains how to enable and configure virtual private network (VPN) access.
- Overview of DirectAccess
- Advanced DirectAccess Infrastructure
- Configuring VPN Access
Module 8: Monitoring and Recovering Windows 8.1
This module explains how to monitor and troubleshoot performance in Windows 8.1. It describes the Windows 8.1 startup process and how to troubleshoot Windows 8.1 startup. It then explains the recovery options in Windows 8.1 and how to recover Windows 8.1.
- Monitoring and Troubleshooting Performance in Windows 8.1
- Troubleshooting Windows 8.1 Startup
- Recovery Options in Windows 8.1
Module 9: Implementing Client Hyper-V in Windows 8.1
This module explains Client Hyper-V for Windows 8.1. It also explains how to manage virtual hard disks and checkpoints.
- Overview of Client Hyper-V
- Creating Virtual Machines
- Managing Virtual Hard Disks
- Managing Checkpoints


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Spacer "drop-out" disc couplings
The KD2 coupling (fig 1) is designed for medium-duty applications requiring moderate shaft separations, and specifically engineered to meet API 610 specifications for industrial pump couplings. The factory assembled flexible centre section installs or drops out as one unit.
AGMA Class 9 is standard, as manufactured.


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King 130.7 (also known as Rebel Radio) is the Redneck gang's favorite radio station in Grand Theft Auto 2. It is only available in the Residential District of Anywhere City. The DJ, Marshall Nash, has a thick Southern accent. The music of choice is modern and alternative rock and, strangely, soft music.
- (Ad: Cerama-teeth/Cocoa Fizz)
- Bula Matari - Taxi Drivers
- Testing - My Tiny World
- Stikki Fingerz - Holdin' It Out For You
- (Ad: Credex Gold)
- Sterlin - Standing On My Own