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STOCKTON - Fusion Boba Caf�'s offers a playful and varied menu that mixes flavors and serves it up quick for the lunch and breakfast crowd in downtown Stockton.
STOCKTON - Fusion Boba Caf�'s offers a playful and varied menu that mixes flavors and serves it up quick for the lunch and breakfast crowd in downtown Stockton.
And it's a lot more than just an assortment of bubble teas, though there is a wide selection of cold fruit or tea drinks that come submerged orbs of tapioca.
Located on Hunter Square next to the Courthouse Building, the newly-opened Fusion Boba had a bustling lunch crowd when a group of us from The Record dropped in for a meal.
The caf�'s Fusion Bun section pushes the fusion envelope. Each of the three selections offers a different meat inside the spongy bun you might find wrapped around flavored pork in a dimsum restaurant. We didn't order the pulled pork with the mango BBQ sauce or the Italian Steam Bun with ham and salami. We opted for the Chicken with Special Peanut Sauce bun ($5.25 for three buns.)
In appearance, this looked like a fusion soft taco. Instead of encasing the meat, the fresh and chewy bun was flat and folded around the chicken. The subtle peanut flavor of the sweet sauce coated the chicken. The julienned carrots and daikon radish added a freshness in flavor and a crispiness to the texture that made this order work.
The fusion continued, since the buns, like all our lunch orders, came with a small bag of chips. Perhaps the culinary whiplash of choosing a bag of Cheetos was too much for us, but we still picked Sun Chips to nibble on while we waited for our food, which was not long.
We were able to try the pulled pork on a tender and tasty sandwich ($6.75) with a sweet, but not-overwhelming flavor. For those keeping track of the fusion points, the sandwich was served on ciabatta bread from Genova, Stockton's Italian bakery.
For the less adventurous crowd that is looking for a solid sandwich, there's the chicken panini ($6.95). It's not bland, but lacked "oomph."
Served on ciabatta bread and filled with grilled chicken breast, provolone cheese, lettuce, tomato and pesto sauce, the sandwich had fresh ingredients and the pesto sauce wasn't overwhelming, which can be a problem with pesto. We wouldn't have minded a little more time in the panini press, and $7 seemed a little expensive compared to subs found nearby.
Several salads on the menu caught our eye. We went with the chicken harvest salad ($7.45) - a generous assortment of mixed greens with chopped walnuts, dried cranberries, slices of apple and diced chicken. The ingredients were lightly tossed in a raspberry vinaigrette - a little too lightly, but the counter help was happy to provide additional dressing. The salad was fresh and tasty, and it came with two slices of sourdough.
Good, but we had order envy when we saw our neighbor enjoying the avocado crab salad ($6.95).
We couldn't resist trying out Fusion Boba's specialty dessert. The Snowflake lies somewhere between ice cream and a shaved ice, and it comes with an array of options for toppings and flavors.
We got a large mango-flavored Snowflake ($5.75), with fresh strawberry slices, white chocolate sauce and tiny "popping boba" that burst with lychee flavor. More sweet than creamy, it blended the flavors nicely. In all, a refreshing finish to a meal that doesn't sit as heavy as an ice cream sundae.
Fusion Boba Caf� is in the same location as the short-lived Parker's Alley Caf�, so it has all the same amenities, with outside seating and an airy, well-lighted interior. There's also private meeting rooms for those looking to have a business lunch. With espresso drinks on tap and a menu that includes donuts and oatmeal, those meetings could happen at breakfast, too.
We only dipped a toe into the fusion waters of the new caf�, but we think we'd come back for another plunge.
Questions? Comments? Contact LENS Editor Christine Teldeschi at (209) 546-8274 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Ontario's registered nurses share expertise at international wound conference
TORONTO, June 4, 2008 – This week, registered nurses will join more than 3,000 experts from around the world who are meeting in Toronto to discuss a health-care challenge that many people are unaware of – preventing and healing wounds. The RNs will be sharing evidence and best practices with other health-care professionals and discussing opportunities for collaboration.
The Third Congress of the World Union of Wound Healing Societies runs from June 4 to June 8 at the Metro Toronto Convention Centre. During the conference, wound experts will be examining the latest developments in care.
While there are many types of wounds, pressure ulcers (also known as bed sores), are among the most common. Pressure ulcers are areas of damaged skin and tissue that develop when sustained pressure – often from a bed or wheelchair – cuts off circulation to parts of the body such as the buttocks, hips and heels. Pressure ulcers can develop quickly and are often difficult to heal. Damage to the skin can range from slight discoloration to an open sore that reaches the bone.
The late actor Christopher Reeve, who starred in the movie "Superman" and became paralyzed in a horseback riding accident, died from complications associated with an infected pressure ulcer. People who smoke, are overweight or have diabetes are also at an increased risk of developing pressure ulcers.
"Nurses working in all settings see first-hand the impact that pressure ulcers have on the quality of life of patients. We also have evidence that the majority of pressure ulcers can be prevented. That's why the Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario (RNAO) has developed best practice guidelines related to wound care," explains RN Heather McConnell, Associate Director of International Affairs and Best Practice Guidelines Programs at RNAO.
Risk Assessment and Prevention of Pressure Ulcers and Assessment of Stage I to IV Pressure Ulcers, two of the guidelines developed by the association, contain internationally recognized recommendations. These tools provide practitioners with sound research and evidence-based recommendations regarding pressure ulcer prevention, treatment and management. While there is a price tag associated with implementing these recommendations, the resulting reduction in pressure ulcers would save the health-care system millions of dollars.
The high prevalence of pressure ulcers is a significant health-care concern. A 2004 study sponsored by the Canadian Association of Wound Care reviewed data of 14,000 patients from 45 health-care institutions across Canada and estimated the following prevalence of pressure ulcers: 30 per cent of residents in long-term care homes and other non-acute care facilities, 25 per cent of patients in acute care hospitals, and 15 per cent of people receiving care in the community. In long-term care settings, pressure ulcers are most likely to develop within the first four weeks of admission.
"Nurses play an important role in the prevention and management of pressure ulcers, but if we are to succeed in eliminating pressure ulcers altogether, all members of health-care teams need to adopt a consistent approach that is evidence-based and focused on the needs of the individual," explains McConnell. "This conference is an excellent opportunity to share that evidence."
RNAO's ambitious Best Practice Guidelines Program, funded by the Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care, was launched in 1999 to provide the best available evidence for patient care across a wide spectrum of health-care areas. The 37 guidelines developed to date are a substantive contribution towards building excellence in Ontario's health-care system. They are available to nurses and other health care professionals across Canada and abroad. To learn more about RNAO's Nursing Best Guidelines Program or to view these resources, please visit https://rnao.ca/bpg.
The Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario is the professional association representing registered nurses in Ontario. Since 1925, RNAO has lobbied for healthy public policy, promoted excellence in nursing practice, increased nurses' contribution to shaping the health-care system, and influenced decisions that affect nurses and the public they serve.-30-
For more information, please contact:
Marion Zych, Director of Communications, RNAO
Phone: 416-408-5605
Toll free: 1-800-268-7199 ext.209
Cell: 647-406-5605

subset: commoncrawl


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Could Rays Rookies Force a Bartlett Decision?
7 Comments
An interesting dilemma for sure. Lots of pressure on Bartlett to do well – and fast – or lose his job.
I think a decision is definitely on the horizon.
Rays Manager Joe Maddon has been adamant on trying to get the two utility players plus Bartlett time to show their case…my verdict is still marching and departure orders fopr Bartlett to another horizon….possibly by July 31st.
Rays Renegade
I'm glad to see Brignac doing well. I got to see him play a few years ago for the Southwest Michigan Devil Rays, and he was a big time prospect then. I hope he can keep it up.
'Minoring In Baseball'
Brignac is making a heavy case for the shortstop spot starting in 2011, but something could happen if Bartlett doesn't step up as he comes back from injury.
About a year ago I was not sure of his skill level to take over the reigns until Tim Beckham hits the Major League level, but now…Icould confidently hand him the reigns any day.
Hopefully he will get the change…soon.
Rays Renegade
uh oh I like Jason Bartlett! This is quite a predicament you are in. Though probably a problem one would like to have. Nothing like having too much talent :P
uh oh I like Jason Bartlett! This is quite a predicament you are in. Though probably a problem one would like to have. Nothing like having too much talent :P
It is usually a good thing to have talent, but when that talent consists of three guys who play the middle infielder…Something has to give. It will come down to $$$, which wouyld send Bartlett to another destination, but when?
That might be the major thing right now. Do you take the gamble that Rodriguez and Brignac are ready and trade Bartlett before the Trade Deadline, before September 1st, or wait until the off season.
I would be very surprised if Bartlett reports to Port Charlotte with the Rays in 2011….very surprised!
Rays Renegade


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text: Between the zombies, the dragons, the terrorists — not to mention the self-involved twenty-somethings and ass-hat political figures — all told 2012 was a pretty good year for TV. In the last year we saw bigger bootlegging on Boardwalk Empire, bigger laughs on Parks and Recreation, and bigger battles (on Blackwater Bay!) on Game of Thrones. And don't get us started on the homicidal tendencies on The Walking Dead (or, actually, do — just not right now). But 2012 was also the beginning of the end for a lot of our favorite shows— namely 30 Rock and Breaking Bad, both of which started their final seasons this year. So to celebrate the season that was, may we present: the best television of 2012. Above: The Walking Dead Claws Its Way to the Top Let's admit it right up front: Until Season 3, The Walking Dead was not actually a very good show. It had its thrilling moments, to be sure, but it often felt strained, uneven, and — the greatest sin for a horror show — occasionally tedious. This year, the characters and the show grew tougher, faster and more ruthless, engaged in a constant life-or-death hustle that always felt barely an inch ahead of the zombie maw. But for all the horror inflicted on humanity by shambling empty shells, the introduction of the Governor — a sociopath politician dripping with folksy charm — reminded us that the true face of evil is still a human one. The show continued to take out its characters with the heartlessness of a George R. R. Martin novel, but also pulled off a fairly astonishing sleight of hand: killing off the most irritating character on the show in an episode so gut-wrenching and harrowing that it somehow felt like something truly valuable had been lost. Unadulterated misery isn't everybody's drug of choice, but if that's what you're looking for, The Walking Dead is as pure as it gets. — Laura HudsonBreaking Bad Is Heading for Full Heisenberg The whole point of Breaking Bad for the last two seasons (and some would argue the show's entire run) has been to watch Walter White (Bryan Cranston) backslide from a good man trying to support his family doing bad things (like making meth) to a full-on baddie — the Heisenberg character he invented to do his dirty deeds. As Walt set a new shop in Season 5 following the gore-tastic death of drug boss Gus Fring, it's obvious his moral compass is broken, if not completely gone. Then again, this is Breaking Bad — it could all turn on dime when it returns from hiatus in 2013 to end its final season. (Why are so many good shows ending in the new year?!) So don't forget crying cancer-patient Walt just yet. — Angela Watercutter Photo: Ursula Coyote/AMC30 Rock Goes Out With a Bang Has there been anything more bittersweet than watching 30 Rock this fall? With every laugh comes the heart-sinking notion that this season will be its last. (tears!) But luckily Liz Lemon (Tina Fey) and the cast and crew of TGS with Tracy Jordan are going out in style. Liz got hitched in a Princess Leia costume, Jack (Alec Baldwin) and Liz held a political debate, and Jenna (Jane Krakowski) was more hilariously self-aware than she's been in the show's entire seven-season run. Saying goodbye to one of the most solidly funny shows for most of the 2000s is going to be rough. But at least 30 Rock is bowing out on some pretty high notes, or at least singing every song it's got left to sing. It's been a glorious thing to watch. Mazel tov, dummies. — Angela Watercutter Photo courtesy NBC UniversalBootleg Body Count: Boardwalk Empire Boardwalk Empire has spent some time being pretty underrated, or at least not getting the kind of water-cooler chatter it deserves. This season those tides could be shifting, like the ones viewers expect to rise up further around the knees of Nucky Thompson (Steve Buscemi) in the opening credits. The burgeoning feminism of Margaret (Kelly Macdonald) might have felt a little half-baked at times, but the encroaching dangers Nucky endured in Atlantic City boiled over throughout the season. The bootlegger face-offs between Thompson and hot-headed Al Capone (Stephen Graham), who is finally starting to resemble the gangster of legend, and — most significantly — the arrival of the Sicilian mobster Gyp Rosetti (a dangerously smart-assed Bobby Cannavale) led to gruesome results this year. (And, for history buffs paying close attention, there were also Easter eggs in Boardwalk Empire, like Capone's relationship with his deaf son and the King Tut-themed New Year's Eve party.) — Angela Watercutter Photo: Macall B. Polay/HBOImpin' Made Easy: Game of Thrones Raise your hand if you still close your eyes and see visions of the Battle of the Blackwater. It can't be just us. In Season 2 of HBO's ambitious adaptation of George R.R. Martin's fantasy series A Song of Ice and Fire, there was more death, dragons, and devious behavior than you could shake a scepter at. Cersei Lannister (Lena Headey), mother of King Joffrey (Jack Gleeson) was more conniving (and drunk) than last season, while her son was more arrogant and spineless. "The Imp" Tyrion Lannister (Peter Dinklage) actually turned out to be a hero of sorts in the fight against Stannis Baratheon. Poor, misunderstood Theon Greyjoy took Winterfell and lost it almost as quickly. And Daenerys Targaryen lost her dragons and took them back in moment of sheer magnificence. Blaze on, Khaleesi, blaze on. — Angela Watercutter Photo: Paul Schiraldi/HBOWho Run the World? Girls Love her or hate her, everyone now knows the name Lena Dunham. And for good reason, the 26-year-old makes train-wreck television — you just can't look away. Her hilariously honest HBO series Girls took texting mishaps, STDs, awkward sex, and being twenty-something to whole new levels of insanity in its first season. Of course, with the success came criticism for the show's lack of diversity and daughters-of-famous-people casting — most of it warranted — but that still didn't make writer/director/star Dunham's Emmy-nominated show any less watchable. God only knows what she'll have in store when season two (tagline: "Almost getting it kind of together") starts in January. — Angela Watercutter Photo: Jojo Whilden/HBOThe Wonderful Madness of Mad Men Mad Men had another breath-holding season in 2012. From Betty's (January Jones) depression and tumor diagnosis, to the bizarre dreams Don Draper (Jon Hamm) has been having to OMG, Lane (Jared Harris), nooooo! (If you don't know, we won't tell you.) But if you want to know what a nearly perfect episode of television looks like, watch Season 5's "The Other Woman" — its compare-and-contrast between what Peggy (Elisabeth Moss), Don's new wife Megan (Jessica Paré) and Joan (Christina Hendricks) will do for their careers is striking. Perhaps not quite as good as the previous season's "The Suitcase," which was writing perfection, it was still unnerving in its brutality. — Angela Watercutter Photo: Frank Ockenfels/AMCParks and Recreation's Ron Swanson Having Best Mustache Year, Ever One of the somewhat soothing things about knowing 30 Rock will soon be gone is knowing that Tina Fey BFF (and Golden Globes co-host) Amy Poehler is still going strong on Parks and Recreation, which is having arguably its best season yet. Leslie Knope's turn in city council this year has been hilarious (sex ed for seniors!), but the crème de la crème (he'd probably hate that phrase) has been Ron Swanson (played by Nick Offerman). Not only is he making award-winning furniture in Pawnee, he's dating Lucy Lawless! Well, OK, she's playing an average single mom named Diane, but she's still Lucy Lawless. And his facial hair has never looked better. But in all seriousness (or not) Parks and Rec is having a sensational year so far, packed with some of the best sitcom writing on network TV and always-on-point delivery from co-stars like Aziz Ansari and Aubrey Plaza. Thank goodness you can't fight city hall. — Angela Watercutter Photo courtesy NBC UniversalCreeper Hit: Veep There's something you have to understand about Veep — it's a grower, not a shower. Watch it once and you might chuckle at Julia Louis-Dreyfus' Sarah-Palin-with-bitchface shtick as Selina Meyer, but you might not LOL. Watch it a handful more times and you realize it has a subtle humor not unlike Arrested Development, and not just because it has Development alum Tony Hale doing his out-of-touch nincompoop thing. Loving Veep means having a soft spot for politics (not everyone's bag) and spending a little time getting to know the characters. Their deadpans are funnier when you realize how pathetic some of their lives must be. For example, when VP chief of staff Amy (ohmygod, it's Anna Chlumsky!) tells White House aide Jonah (Timothy Simons), "You're not even your mom's favorite Jonah, Jonah," it doesn't bite until you realize he's the kind of work-is-life guy who rates restaurants based on how much free bread they give. As with all things having to do with being second-in-command, it's the little things that matter. — Angela Watercutter Photo courtesy HBONot Fade Away: Fringe Bids Eccentric Sci-Fi Farewell TV's most wigged-out scientist and his photogenic FBI helpmates got off to a slow start this season after Walter (John Noble), Olivia (Anna Torv) and Peter (Joshua Jackson) cracked open sheets of yellow "amber" stuff to wake up from a state of suspended animation 27 years in the future. Peter and Olivia's chemistry with long-lost daughter Etta (Georgina Haig) didn't gel but she's dead now. Fringe has gotten back on track as it hurtles toward an apocalyptic series finale Jan. 18 that will involve a spooky, bald child and, we hope, the destruction of the emotionally stunted brainiac Observers who now rule Earth. However it ends, Fringe made a mark during its low-rated run as the rare network series that took big chances. By turns goofy, melodramatic, gory and obsessed with quantum mechanics, Fringe may not have been the most consistent thing on prime time, but where else can you watch an elderly dude drop LSD and hallucinate in between interdimensional gun battles? — Hugh Hart Photo courtesy FoxSherlock Holmes: As Always, the Smartest Guy in the Room Three clues unlock the mystery as to why Sherlock, the umpteenth take on Arthur Conan Doyle's master sleuth, is so damned awesome: 1. Pale, tall and hyper-articulate star Benedict Cumberbatch, soon to be famous from his Star Trek Into Darkness performance, earns every arrogant turn of phrase by showing off impossibly brilliant analytic powers. 2. Martin Freeman plays Watson as the polar opposite, deploying his humble Hobbit-like arsenal of blinks and stammers to bring Holmes down to earth whenever he gets too full of himself. 3. Dr. Who auteurs Steven Moffat and Mark Gattis update the Sherlock cases with such cunning that the contemporary London setting never feels gimmicky. The only bummer: Sherlock does not return for its third PBS season until 2014. — Hugh Hart Photo courtesy Masterpiece TheatreThe True Lies of Homeland It can be hard to describe exactly what's going on in any given scene of the political thriller Homeland, because it's a show where — as Virginia Woolf once said — nothing is only one thing, and every moment seems to unfold on at least two or three different levels, if not more. When CIA agent Carrie Mathison (Claire Danes) interrogates Nick Brody (Damian Lewis), a Marine-turned-terrorist-turned-congressman, is she trying to save her former lover, or manipulate an asset into serving the U.S. government? When Brody agrees to set up his former torturer/mentor Abu Nazir, is he trying to avoid prosecution, protect his family, redeem himself to Carrie — or set up another double-cross? It's hard to say, even after the fact, especially when the characters themselves are never quite sure. Danes and Lewis are deft actors capable of that advanced sort of emotional multitasking where your eyes, mouths and faces all say different things, as conflicting interests of love, politics, family, religion and duty constantly collide not only between characters but within them. It's a tense, ambiguous show that tackles the tense, ambiguous issue of terrorism, perpetually cloaking the emotions, motivations and choices of its human time bombs in the fog of war — and then letting them explode. — Laura Hudson


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The area in which these photos were taken, Hangzhou Bay, is one of the most polluted coastal areas in China. Recent investigations by Greenpeace exposed the links between textile manufacturing facilities using toxic chemicals and water pollution, with some tested articles turning up cancer-causing amines from the use of certain azo dyes.
© Qiu Bo / Greenpeace
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Written By: NM State Athletic Dept.
LAS CRUCES, N.M. - New Mexico State Athletics Director Dr. McKinley Boston announced on Wednesday that head men's basketball coach Marvin Menzies has signed a two-year contract extension with NM State. The contract extension goes thru 2019.
"I am pleased to offer Coach Menzies a two-year contract extension based upon the consistent competiveness of his team, consistent academic success of his players and his strong fundraising efforts to help support the teams financials needed to compete at a high Division I level," said Dr. Boston.
Coach Menzies led NM State to its 21st NCAA tournament after going 26-10 overall and winning the Western Athletic Conference Tournament for the third year in a row. NM State went 12-4 in conference play this season and now holds a 5-1 record in WAC championship appearances dating back to 2007, with their only loss in the championship game coming in 2008 to Boise State in a 107-102 three overtime loss.
The Aggie head coach is now 152-89 (63.1%) all-time at the helm after helping NM State to its 24 20-plus win season in the program's history. Menzies is only the second coach in program history to win over 120 games in his first six seasons and needs just five more wins to tie former Aggie coach Jerry Hines for third on the all-time wins list at NM State. Hines tallied 157 wins in 12 seasons, while Menzies has 152 wins in seven seasons.
"I'd like to thank Dr. Carruthers and Dr. Boston for their continued support," said Menzies. "My vision is to continue to grow the program and the national brand of New Mexico State in a positive light. We have achieved a lot in my tenure, but there is still work to do. I am excited to continue this journey toward excellence, Aggie Up".
Menzies has coached 19 all-conference players at NM State including four in 2014 as well as the WAC Player of the Year, Daniel Mullings. Also on the 2014 all-WAC teams was Tshilidzi Nephawe (second team), Sim Bhullar (all-defensive team) and D.K. Eldridge (all-newcomer team). Menzies also guided four selections in 2013; Bandja Sy (first team), Daniel Mullings (second team), Sim Bhullar (third team and newcomer), who was also WAC Freshman of the Year. Bhullar earned WAC Tournament MVP honors, and he was the first freshman to garner the honor since Shawn Bradley in 1991. Mullings was also a member of the WAC All-Tournament Team.


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How we fund
Funding opportunities usually become available via open funding calls. They are released at different times and for different strategic priorities dependent on funding available in the region. Each opportunity explains the eligibility and evaluation criteria, key dates and deadlines and is clear on how applications need to be structured and submitted. Selection of successful applications are managed through strict governance processes.
It is Movember policy that funding awards do not allow or support institutional overhead so we can maximize the level of funding applied to research, health services interventions and their evaluation.
To date, in relation to Mental Health & Suicide, Movember has invested in growing our knowledge base around how to design health interventions specifically for men. We have also invested in 135 projects across Australia, New Zealand, Canada, United Kingdom and the USA. Through these initiatives we have established a large number of partnerships internationally. Our current focus is now on scaling the most promising initiatives that we have already invested in to reach and improve the lives of more men globally. For these reasons, we are not planning to launch new funding opportunities in mental health and suicide prevention before July 2019.


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Correction: NRAO's HQ not at ITT
I am always pleased to see the National Radio Astronomy Observatory mentioned in the local media, since so many people are unaware of our existence. However, I do have a minor correction to the mention in your story [May 13: "White Gables: New condos under way"].
The buildings we have in the old Institute of Textile Technology complex are actually our Technology Center housing our Central Development Lab and the ALMA Electronics Division.
The Headquarters continues to be located at 520 Edgemont Road on the UVA campus. But please note we are not a unit of the University; we only rent space from them.
Lee Shapiro
Head, Education & Public Outreach
National Radio Astronomy Observatory


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1200wd brauchte ein neues Website Design und hat einen Wettbewerb auf 99designs gestartet.
Aus 38 Designs von 7 Designern wurde eine Gewinner gewählt.
Mushplanet provides information about psychoactive mushrooms, also known as 'Magic Mushrooms', 'Teonanacatl' or 'Sacred Mushrooms' . It aims to provide fair information about the history, the use, different species and especially the cultivation of psychoactive mushrooms.
Folks interested in the cultivation of psychoactive mushrooms. They are open minded, have experience with the use of entheogens or want to learn about it. They are looking out for good information about growing mushrooms themselves. Mushplanet is for both starters as more experienced growers.
It's also for those who just want to learn more about different aspects of psychoactive mushrooms.
We want a full redesign of http://www.mushplanet.com
The current design has an outdated look. We are impressed by today's possibility's of webdesign, especially when looking at site's shown at cssremix.net, cssbeauty.com etc. We want a site with that kind of looks.
- We are not attached to the current colors or the logo, so your free to surprise us
- We would like the website to have more of a light colored look. Basic colors inspired by colors of the mushrooms, like this: http://www.mushplanet.nl/gallery.php (but feel free to experiment if you've got a better idea)
- We would like a light colored website
- We want a new logo for mushplanet to appear in the header
- The design should be playful, colorful, but easy on the eye, readable and uncluttered
- We want the design to have a theme related to our name, 'Mushplanet'
- We want to keep to keep the slogan: "...There is a world beyond ours..."
- There should be a place for the choice of different languages. At the moment it is only available in english and dutch, but it could be translated to more languages in the future
- The content of the menu items stays the same. You are free to play around with the structure and location of the menu
- The content of the site stays the same
- Please deliver the design as a PSD file


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Strickler Mennonite Church (York County, Pennsylvania, USA)
Strickler Mennonite Church, now extinct. Henry Strickler settled southeast of Columbia, Pennsylvania, and Jacob and Henry went to Hellman Township, York County, early to establish a Mennonite community. About 1790 Jacob sold from his 150-acre farm a three-cornered plot to Henry Strickler, Andrew Garber, and Abraham Flury for a Mennonite meetinghouse. The brick was imported from England for a 30 x 28 ft. building directly south of the Lincoln Highway, about two miles west of Wrightsville. The well-kept Strickler burying ground is about a quarter mile east. The congregation was under Lancaster Conference and was served by Frederick Stauffer as bishop, Daniel Stauffer and David Witmer as ministers, and Michael Strickler as deacon in the late 1880s. Witmer's, now known as Stony Brook, absorbed this membership and by 1920 the house was razed and plot sold.
|Ira D Landis
|Date Published
Cite This Article
MLA style
Landis, Ira D. "Strickler Mennonite Church (York County, Pennsylvania, USA)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1959. Web. 3 Jun 2020. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Strickler_Mennonite_Church_(York_County,_Pennsylvania,_USA)&oldid=122867.
APA style
Landis, Ira D. (1959). Strickler Mennonite Church (York County, Pennsylvania, USA). Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 3 June 2020, from https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Strickler_Mennonite_Church_(York_County,_Pennsylvania,_USA)&oldid=122867.
Adapted by permission of Herald Press, Harrisonburg, Virginia, from Mennonite Encyclopedia, Vol. 4, p. 646. All rights reserved.
©1996-2020 by the Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. All rights reserved.


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7' X 12' Quaker Style Chicken Coop with Feed Room Features:
Standard Chicken Coop Features:
The benefits of having your own personal hens in your backyard are numerous. One of the most beneficial aspects is that you are creating an opportunity for hens to roam freely to consume natural food such as grass, insects, and weed seeds. As a results, eggs taste better, are healthier for your family – and they're fresh from the backyard!
Our chicken coops help protect your chickens from large and small predators, while providing a comfortable and stylish laying nest for each hen. Contact us today if you have any questions regarding any of our backyard chicken coops.
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Police ought to be at major marches to keep order. But a presence as overwhelming as in Tampa, even far from the convention, has a chilling effect.
The video above gives a sense of the police presence surrounding the relatively small protest marches in Tampa, Florida during the Republican National Convention. The protesters, many aligned with the Occupy Wall Street movement, are made to traverse a gauntlet of armed men in order to peaceably assemble. It is true that, on previous occasions, a small minority of Occupy protesters have turned violent during protests -- that idiots who smash Starbucks windows sometimes walk among the peaceful masses. I am not suggesting that police should be totally absent.
But if the past transgressions of some Occupiers are relevant, so is the past behavior of law enforcement. Remember Anthony Bologna, the NYPD officer who needlessly assaulted a group of women with pepper-spray? And the pepper-spraying police officer from UC Davis? And the numerous documented instances of police brutality during the Occupy New York protests? And Scott Olsen, an Iraq veteran whose skull was fractured by a tear-gas canister Bay Area police fired?
As far as I've seen, Tampa area police have conducted themselves professionally, as they do in the video above. They're to be commended for it, and the rank-and-file officers are in no way to blame for the scale of their deployment. But surely there is a scale at which a police presence chills the willingness of some would be dissenters to march in peaceful protest, especially when, in the recent past, a small subset of police has exploited their overwhelming presence to abuse protesters.
Note that the scene above is several miles from the convention. I no more want to see a protester smash a window than anyone else, and would want such a protester arrested and prosecuted. But neither do I want relatively small, peaceful protests met with a scene like the one above. After I shut off the video recording, but while I still had my camera out, another group of officers started to mass behind the protesters, following them at a distance. Would you want to send your adult child or spouse to a march, presuming you agreed with the cause, with this behind them:
Here it is from another angle:
That's in addition to the officers seen in the video! And in addition to two helicopters hovering above. That is a force far bigger than needed to police, but sized just about right to intimidate. What this force says, to everyone watching it go by from the sidewalk, is that protests are borderline criminal, that protesters are dangerous sorts who need to be literally surrounded by agents of the state.
Can you imagine how the Tea Partiers would react if their rallies were surrounded in this fashion?
Before closing, I should add that Occupy folks would do well to distance themselves from the few people hoisting Soviet flags (as they would if their allies were holding Nazi flags). Carrying the symbol of a murderous, tyrannical regime is just plain ignorant, especially when you're complaining about an American government far more deferential to liberty and human rights. Why discredit yourself?
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Petrochemical , air separation and gas liquefaction units all have one thing in common – they need heat exchangers to process gases and liquids. Coil-wound heat exchangers in particular are used across a broad spectrum of cryogenic applications.
Linde is a leader in this high-tech field, designing and building equipment to match individual customer specifications. To date, the company has successfully delivered more than 1,000 coil-wound heat exchangers (CWHE). These exchangers often weigh as much as 260 tonnes, are up to 7.5 metres in diameter and offer heating surfaces of over 20,000 square metres. Linde can also realise even larger, heavier models on request. What's more, the company is committed to continually evolving the underlying technologies. For example, to optimise operations and extend lifetime at an LNG plant in Stavanger, Norway, Linde engineered over 4,000 temperature measuring points in the CWHE bundle. This high-precision 3D temperature monitoring capability gives operators an exact overview of the process flow.
Coil-wound heat exchangers


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The State Art Gallery, situated in the heart of Karlsruhe city centre, takes you on a journey through the history of art.
This is a place that mediates between the past, present and future, preserving the legacy of several centuries while remaining current through special exhibitions. Opened in 1846, the Karlsruhe State Art Gallery occupies three historical buildings on the edge of the Botanical Gardens.
Opening times:
Tuesday-Sunday & public holidays 10am-6pm
Dve uporabni bližnjici za povečavo v brskalniku:
Povečava: +
Pomanjšava: +
Dodatna pomoč vam je na voljo pri ponudniku brskalnika. Do nje dostopate s klikom na ikono:


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The venue for the East Hawai'i Pro Bowl Youth Clinic on Jan. 23 has changed from Kea'au High School to Wong Stadium in Hilo. The release below reflects this venue change. For more information, please contact Betty at 961-8343 or Char at 961-8503.
On Tuesday, January 22, 2013, NFL Football Players and NFL Cheerleaders will be holding Youth Clinics for Hawai'i Island intermediate and high school students at Kealakehe High School from 3:00–5:30 p.m. and Wednesday, January 23, 2013, at Wong Stadium from 3:00–5:30 p.m. Players and cheerleaders will also visit a local school for an assembly before the clinics. The NFL Pro Bowl Youth Clinics, now in its 11th year, is focused on motivating our youth to realize their dreams and to maximize their potential.
In the past years, players and cheerleaders from the NFL teams have come to Hawai'i Island, to present our children with inspirational messages and positive skills training. The 2-hour clinic will feature a variety of hands-on skills and techniques for both boys and girls.
"Seeing the smiles, the excitement, and the joy on the faces of the kids – its quite an honor to be part of such a positive and inspirational event", said Mayor Billy Kenoi, Pro Bowl 'Ohana Committee Member. "I cannot thank the NFL, Nat Moore, the Pro Bowl 'Ohana Committee, and our volunteers enough for making this event possible. Each year we involve more students on Hawai'i Island – we now get to involve over 700 of our youth Island wide. Our kids will remember this for the rest of their lives!"
All youth participants will also receive an NFL Pro Bowl t-shirt that will be autographed by each player and an NFL Pro Bowl sling backpack. The public and youth not signed up for the program are welcome to attend the event. Youth participants are selected by their respective school, however, every year there are open slots that need to be filled. Youth who are accompanied by a parent may be able to participate if there are any open slots prior to the beginning of the clinic on a first come, first served basis. For more information, please contact Betty at 961-8343 or Char at 961-8503.
Related articles
- NFL Coming to Hawai'i Island for Youth Clinics (damontucker.com)
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Black Forest Vegan Handmade Bath Soap Bar ~ outdoorsy fir, cedar wood and moss followed by middle notes of spicy cloves, black currants, and sweet plums and finished with a hint of herbaceous bergamot and green musk.
All of our products are made by hand, in small batches, using high quality ingredients. Treat yourself to a "Serenity Gourmet Soaps" experience today!
Ingredients: Love, Extra Virgin Olive Oil, Distilled Water, Coconut Oil, Sodium Hydroxide, Avocado Oil, Canola Oil, Shea Butter, Fragrance, Skin Safe Colorants, Kaolin Clay, Colloidal Oatmeal, and every now and then, a little glitter, to enhance our bars.
Each bar weights approximately 5.6 oz (actual weight will appear on each individual packaged bar when you receive it.)
To ensure a longer lasting soap bar, place in a dry area after each use.
We hope that you enjoy your "Serenity Gourmet Soaps" products as we pride ourselves in offering great products. We use skin safe colorants (micas, titanium dioxide, clays & activated charcoal) and Fragrance Oils/Essential Oils, that are approved skin safe, from reputable companies. Please feel free to leave a review of your experience with us.
~ Angela
Owner, Soap Artisan
Full payment is due prior to orders being shipped. We accept all major credit cards.
We use the most economical choice of shipping (USPS) flat rate priority and standard first class when possible. For orders weighing more than 13 oz. Priority mail will be used.
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Buyers are responsible for any customs and import taxes that may apply. We are not responsible for delays due to customs.
But please contact me if you have any problems with your order.
We refund any shipping overages over one dollar.
Refunds and Exchanges
Due to the nature of the products, we can not accept returns. We offer replacement for items damaged due to our negligence or a refund minus shipping and handling when needed. Orders are insured through the post office and we take pride in packaging our products carefully to ensure they arrive to you safely. However,if your order is lost or damaged during shipping, please contact us and your local post office immediately so that we will try to resolve the issue in a timely manner. We want you to come away from this experience happy.
Custom Orders:
All custom orders are non-refundable. There is a 50% down payment due prior to the start of an order. I will send pictures periodically thorough Email to keep customers abreast of progress of custom order. Once the order is completed a final picture will be emailed for approval to ship. Final payment plus shipping and handling is due prior to shipment. If there is refusal to ship, the down payment of custom orders is non-refundable for time/labor and material.
May 15, 2020


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{{#invoke:Hatnote|hatnote}} {{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||$N=Refimprove |date=__DATE__ |$B= {{#invoke:Message box|ambox}} }}
In physics, a phonon is a collective excitation in a periodic, elastic arrangement of atoms or molecules in condensed matter, such as solids and some liquids. Often referred to as a quasiparticle,[1] it represents an excited state in the quantum mechanical quantization of the modes of vibrations of elastic structures of interacting particles.
Phonons play a major role in many of the physical properties of condensed matter, such as thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity. The study of phonons is an important part of condensed matter physics.
The concept of phonons was introduced in 1932 by Russian physicist Igor Tamm. The name phonon comes from the Greek word φωνή (phonē), which translates as sound or voice because long-wavelength phonons give rise to sound. Shorter-wavelength higher-frequency phonons give rise to heat.
A phonon is a quantum mechanical description of an elementary vibrational motion in which a lattice of atoms or molecules uniformly oscillates at a single frequency. In classical mechanics this is known as a normal mode. Normal modes are important because any arbitrary lattice vibration can be considered as a superposition of these elementary vibrations (cf. Fourier analysis). While normal modes are wave-like phenomena in classical mechanics, phonons have particle-like properties as well in a way related to the wave–particle duality of quantum mechanics.
Lattice dynamics
The equations in this section either do not use axioms of quantum mechanics or use relations for which there exists a direct correspondence in classical mechanics.
For example, a rigid regular, crystalline, i.e. not amorphous, lattice is composed of N particles. These particles may be atoms, but they may be molecules as well. N is a large number, say ~1023, and on the order of Avogadro's number, for a typical sample of solid. If the lattice is rigid, the atoms must be exerting forces on one another to keep each atom near its equilibrium position. These forces may be Van der Waals forces, covalent bonds, electrostatic attractions, and others, all of which are ultimately due to the electric force. Magnetic and gravitational forces are generally negligible. The forces between each pair of atoms may be characterized by a potential energy function that depends on the distance of separation of the atoms. The potential energy of the entire lattice is the sum of all pairwise potential energies:[2]
where is the position of the th atom, and is the potential energy between two atoms.
It is difficult to solve this many-body problem in full generality, in either classical or quantum mechanics. In order to simplify the task, two important approximations are usually imposed. First, the sum is only performed over neighboring atoms. Although the electric forces in real solids extend to infinity, this approximation is nevertheless valid because the fields produced by distant atoms are effectively screened. Secondly, the potentials are treated as harmonic potentials. This is permissible as long as the atoms remain close to their equilibrium positions. Formally, this is accomplished by Taylor expanding about its equilibrium value to quadratic order, giving proportional to the displacement and the elastic force simply proportional to . The error in ignoring higher order terms remains small if remains close to the equilibrium position.
The resulting lattice may be visualized as a system of balls connected by springs. The following figure shows a cubic lattice, which is a good model for many types of crystalline solid. Other lattices include a linear chain, which is a very simple lattice which we will shortly use for modeling phonons. Other common lattices may be found under "crystal structure".
The potential energy of the lattice may now be written as
Here, is the natural frequency of the harmonic potentials, which are assumed to be the same since the lattice is regular. is the position coordinate of the th atom, which we now measure from its equilibrium position. The sum over nearest neighbors is denoted as (nn).
Lattice waves
Due to the connections between atoms, the displacement of one or more atoms from their equilibrium positions give rise to a set of vibration waves propagating through the lattice. One such wave is shown in the figure to the right. The amplitude of the wave is given by the displacements of the atoms from their equilibrium positions. The wavelength is marked.
There is a minimum possible wavelength, given by twice the equilibrium separation a between atoms. Any wavelength shorter than this can be mapped onto a wavelength longer than 2a, due to the periodicity of the lattice.
Not every possible lattice vibration has a well-defined wavelength and frequency. However, the normal modes do possess well-defined wavelengths and frequencies.
One-dimensional lattice
In order to simplify the analysis needed for a 3-dimensional lattice of atoms it is convenient to model a 1-dimensional lattice or linear chain. This model is complex enough to display the salient features of phonons.
Classical treatment
The forces between the atoms are assumed to be linear and nearest-neighbour, and they are represented by an elastic spring. Each atom is assumed to be a point particle and the nucleus and electrons move in step (adiabatic approximation).
- Template:Spacesn−1 Template:Pad n Template:Pad n+1 Template:Pad ← Template:Pad d Template:Pad →
- →→Template:Pad→Template:Pad→→→
Where labels the -th atom, is the distance between atoms when the chain is in equilibrium and the displacement of the -th atom from its equilibrium position.
If is the elastic constant of the spring and the mass of the atom then the equation of motion of the -th atom is :
This is a set of coupled equations and since the solutions are expected to be oscillatory, new coordinates can be defined by a discrete Fourier transform, in order to de-couple them.[3]
Here replaces the usual continuous variable . The are known as the normal coordinates. Substitution into the equation of motion produces the following decoupled equations.(This requires a significant manipulation using the orthonormality and completeness relations of the discrete fourier transform [4])
These are the equations for harmonic oscillators which have the solution:
Each normal coordinate represents an independent vibrational mode of the lattice with wavenumber which is known as a normal mode. The second equation for is known as the dispersion relation between the angular frequency and the wavenumber.[5]
Quantum treatment
A one-dimensional quantum mechanical harmonic chain consists of N identical atoms. This is the simplest quantum mechanical model of a lattice that allows phonons to arise from it. The formalism for this model is readily generalizable to two and three dimensions.
As in the previous section, the positions of the masses are denoted by , as measured from their equilibrium positions (i.e. if particle is at its equilibrium position.) In two or more dimensions, the are vector quantities. The Hamiltonian for this system is
where is the mass of each atom (assuming is equal for all), and and are the position and momentum operators for the th atom and the sum is made over the nearest neighbors (nn). However one expects that in a lattice there could also appear waves that behave like particles. It is customary to deal with waves in fourier space which uses normal modes of the wavevector as variables instead coordinates of particles. The number of normal modes is same as the number of particles. However, the fourier space is very useful given the periodicity of the system.
A set of "normal coordinates" may be introduced, defined as the discrete Fourier transforms of the 's and "conjugate momenta" defined as the Fourier transforms of the 's:
The quantity turns out to be the wave number of the phonon, i.e. divided by the wavelength.
This choice retains the desired commutation relations in either real space or wave vector space
From the general result
The potential energy term is
The Hamiltonian may be written in wave vector space as
The couplings between the position variables have been transformed away; if the 's and 's were hermitian (which they are not), the transformed Hamiltonian would describe uncoupled harmonic oscillators.
The form of the quantization depends on the choice of boundary conditions; for simplicity, periodic boundary conditions are imposed, defining the th atom as equivalent to the first atom. Physically, this corresponds to joining the chain at its ends. The resulting quantization is
The upper bound to comes from the minimum wavelength, which is twice the lattice spacing , as discussed above.
The harmonic oscillator eigenvalues or energy levels for the mode are :
The levels are evenly spaced at:
Where is the zero-point energy of a quantum harmonic oscillator.
An exact amount of energy must be supplied to the harmonic oscillator lattice to push it to the next energy level. In comparison to the photon case when the electromagnetic field is quantized, the quantum of vibrational energy is called a phonon.
All quantum systems show wave-like and particle-like properties simultaneously. The particle-like properties of the phonon are best understood using the methods of second quantization and operator techniques described later.[6]
Three-dimensional lattice
This may be generalized to a three-dimensional lattice. The wave number k is replaced by a three-dimensional wave vector k. Furthermore, each k is now associated with three normal coordinates.
The new indices s = 1, 2, 3 label the polarization of the phonons. In the one-dimensional model, the atoms were restricted to moving along the line, so the phonons corresponded to longitudinal waves. In three dimensions, vibration is not restricted to the direction of propagation, and can also occur in the perpendicular planes, like transverse waves. This gives rise to the additional normal coordinates, which, as the form of the Hamiltonian indicates, we may view as independent species of phonons.
Dispersion relation
For a one-dimensional alternating array of two types of ion or atom of mass m1, m2 repeated periodically at a distance a, connected by springs of spring constant K, two modes of vibration result:[8]
where k is the wave-vector of the vibration related to its wavelength by k=2π/λ. The connection between frequency and wave-vector, ω=ω(k), is known as a dispersion relation. The plus sign results in the so-called optical mode, and the minus sign to the acoustic mode. In the optical mode two adjacent different atoms move against each other, while in the acoustic mode they move together.
The speed of propagation of an acoustic phonon, which is also the speed of sound in the lattice, is given by the slope of the acoustic dispersion relation, (see group velocity.) At low values of (i.e. long wavelengths), the dispersion relation is almost linear, and the speed of sound is approximately , independent of the phonon frequency. As a result, packets of phonons with different (but long) wavelengths can propagate for large distances across the lattice without breaking apart. This is the reason that sound propagates through solids without significant distortion. This behavior fails at large values of , i.e. short wavelengths, due to the microscopic details of the lattice.
For a crystal that has at least two atoms in its primitive cell (which may or may not be different), the dispersion relations exhibit two types of phonons, namely, optical and acoustic modes corresponding to the upper blue and lower red of curve in the diagram, respectively. The vertical axis is the energy or frequency of phonon, while the horizontal axis is the wave-vector. The boundaries at -π/a and π/a are those of the first Brillouin zone.[8] It is also interesting that for a crystal with N ( > 2) different atoms in a primitive cell, there are always three acoustic modes: one longitudinal acoustic mode and two transverse acoustic modes. The number of optical modes is 3N – 3. The lower figure shows the dispersion relations for several phonon modes in GaAs as a function of wavevector k in the principal directions of its Brillouin zone.[7]
Many phonon dispersion curves have been measured by neutron scattering.
The physics of sound in fluids differs from the physics of sound in solids, although both are density waves: sound waves in fluids only have longitudinal components, whereas sound waves in solids have longitudinal and transverse components. This is because fluids can't support shear stresses (but see viscoelastic fluids, which only apply to high frequencies, though).
Interpretation of phonons using second quantization techniques
In fact, the above-derived Hamiltonian looks like the classical Hamiltonian function, but if it is interpreted as an operator, then it describes a quantum field theory of non-interacting bosons.
The energy spectrum of this Hamiltonian is easily obtained by the method of ladder operators, similar to the quantum harmonic oscillator problem. We introduce a set of ladder operators defined by:{{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{#invoke:Category handler|main}}{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}[citation needed] }}
By direct insertion on the Hamiltonian, it is readily verified that{{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{#invoke:Category handler|main}}{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}[citation needed] }}
As with the quantum harmonic oscillator, one can show that and respectively create and destroy one excitation of energy . These excitations are phonons.{{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{#invoke:Category handler|main}}{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}[citation needed] }}
Two important properties of phonons may be deduced. Firstly, phonons are bosons, since any number of identical excitations can be created by repeated application of the creation operator . Secondly, each phonon is a "collective mode" caused by the motion of every atom in the lattice. This may be seen from the fact that the ladder operators contain sums over the position and momentum operators of every atom.{{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{#invoke:Category handler|main}}{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}[citation needed] }}
It is not a priori obvious that these excitations generated by the operators are literally waves of lattice displacement, but one may convince oneself of this by calculating the position-position correlation function.{{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{#invoke:Category handler|main}}{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}[citation needed] }} Let denote a state with a single quantum of mode excited, i.e.
One can show that, for any two atoms and ,
which is exactly what we would expectTemplate:According to whom for a lattice wave with frequency and wave number .{{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{#invoke:Category handler|main}}{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}[citation needed] }}
In three dimensions the Hamiltonian has the form
{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}[citation needed] }}
Acoustic and optical phonons
Solids with more than one type of atom – either with different masses or bonding strengths – in the smallest unit cell, exhibit two types of phonons: acoustic phonons and optical phonons.
Acoustic phonons are coherent movements of atoms of the lattice out of their equilibrium positions. If the displacement is in the direction of propagation, then in some areas the atoms will be closer, in others farther apart, as in a sound wave in air (hence the name acoustic). Displacement perpendicular to the propagation direction is comparable to waves in water. If the wavelength of acoustic phonons goes to infinity, this corresponds to a simple displacement of the whole crystal, and this costs zero energy. Acoustic phonons exhibit a linear relationship between frequency and phonon wavevector for long wavelengths. The frequencies of acoustic phonons tend to zero with longer wavelength. Longitudinal and transverse acoustic phonons are often abbreviated as LA and TA phonons, respectively.
Optical phonons are out-of-phase movement of the atoms in the lattice, one atom moving to the left, and its neighbour to the right. This occurs if the lattice is made of atoms of different charge or mass. They are called optical because in ionic crystals, such as sodium chloride, they are excited by infrared radiation. The electric field of the light will move every positive sodium ion in the direction of the field, and every negative chloride ion in the other direction, sending the crystal vibrating. Optical phonons have a non-zero frequency at the Brillouin zone center and show no dispersion near that long wavelength limit. This is because they correspond to a mode of vibration where positive and negative ions at adjacent lattice sites swing against each other, creating a time-varying electrical dipole moment. Optical phonons that interact in this way with light are called infrared active. Optical phonons that are Raman active can also interact indirectly with light, through Raman scattering. Optical phonons are often abbreviated as LO and TO phonons, for the longitudinal and transverse modes respectively.
When measuring optical phonon energy by experiment, optical phonon frequencies, , are often given in units of cm−1, which are the same units as the wavevector. This value corresponds to the inverse of the wavelength of a photon with the same energy as the measured phonon.[9] The cm−1 is a unit of energy used frequently in the dispersion relations of both acoustic and optical phonons, see units of energy for more details and uses.
Crystal momentum
It is tempting to treat a phonon with wave vector as though it has a momentum , by analogy to photons and matter waves. This is not entirely correct, for is not actually a physical momentum; it is called the crystal momentum or pseudomomentum. This is because is only determined up to addition of constant vectors (the reciprocal lattice vectors and integer multiples thereof). For example, in our one-dimensional model, the normal coordinates and are defined so that
for any integer . A phonon with wave number is thus equivalent to an infinite "family" of phonons with wave numbers , , and so forth. Physically, the reciprocal lattice vectors act as additional "chunks" of momentum which the lattice can impart to the phonon. Bloch electrons obey a similar set of restrictions.
It is usually convenient to consider phonon wave vectors which have the smallest magnitude in their "family". The set of all such wave vectors defines the first Brillouin zone. Additional Brillouin zones may be defined as copies of the first zone, shifted by some reciprocal lattice vector.
It is interesting that similar consideration is needed in analog-to-digital conversion where aliasing may occur under certain conditions.
The thermodynamic properties of a solid are directly related to its phonon structure. The entire set of all possible phonons that are described by the above phonon dispersion relations combine in what is known as the phonon density of states which determines the heat capacity of a crystal.
At absolute zero temperature, a crystal lattice lies in its ground state, and contains no phonons. A lattice at a non-zero temperature has an energy that is not constant, but fluctuates randomly about some mean value. These energy fluctuations are caused by random lattice vibrations, which can be viewed as a gas of phonons. (The random motion of the atoms in the lattice is what we usually think of as heat.) Because these phonons are generated by the temperature of the lattice, they are sometimes referred to as thermal phonons.{{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{#invoke:Category handler|main}}{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}[citation needed] }}
Unlike the atoms which make up an ordinary gas, thermal phonons can be created and destroyed by random energy fluctuations. In the language of statistical mechanics this means that the chemical potential for adding a phonon is zero. This behavior is an extension of the harmonic potential, mentioned earlier, into the anharmonic regime. The behavior of thermal phonons is similar to the photon gas produced by an electromagnetic cavity, wherein photons may be emitted or absorbed by the cavity walls. This similarity is not coincidental, for it turns out that the electromagnetic field behaves like a set of harmonic oscillators; see Black-body radiation. Both gases obey the Bose–Einstein statistics: in thermal equilibrium and within the harmonic regime, the probability of finding phonons (or photons) in a given state with a given angular frequency is:{{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{#invoke:Category handler|main}}{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}[citation needed] }}
where is the frequency of the phonons (or photons) in the state, is Boltzmann's constant, and is the temperature.
Operator formalism
The phonon Hamiltonian is given by
In terms of the operators, these are given by
Here, in expressing the Hamiltonian in operator formalism, we have not taken into account the term, since if we take an infinite lattice or, for that matter a continuum, the terms will add up giving an infinity. Hence, it is "renormalized" by putting the factor of to 0 arguing that the difference in energy is what we measure and not the absolute value of it. Hence, the factor is absent in the operator formalised expression for the Hamiltonian.
The ground state also called the "vacuum state" is the state composed of no phonons. Hence, the energy of the ground state is 0. When, a system is in state , we say there are phonons of type . The are called the occupation number of the phonons. Energy of a single phonon of type being , the total energy of a general phonon system is given by . In other words, the phonons are non-interacting. The action of creation and annihilation operators are given by
i.e. creates a phonon of type while annihilates. Hence, they are respectively the creation and annihilation operator for phonons. Analogous to the Quantum harmonic oscillator case, we can define particle number operator as . The number operator commutes with a string of products of the creation and annihilation operators if, the number of 's are equal to number of 's.
Phonons are bosons since, i.e. they are symmetric under exchange.[10]
As well as photons, phonons can interact via parametric down conversion[11] and form squeezed coherent states.[12]
Phononic Computing
As phonons carry information, it is theoretically possible to build a quantum computer using phonons.[13][14][15]
See also
{{#invoke:Portal|portal}} Template:Colbegin
- Boson
- Brillouin scattering
- Fracton
- Linear elasticity
- Phonon scattering
- Phononic crystal
- Rayleigh wave
- Relativistic heat conduction
- Rigid unit modes
- Second sound
- Surface acoustic wave
- Surface phonon
- Thermal conductivity
Template:Colend Template:Refend
- ↑ F. Schwabel, Advanced Quantum Mechanics, 4th Ed., Springer (2008), p. 253
- ↑ {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
- ↑ Mattuck R. A guide to Feynman Diagrams in the many-body problem
- ↑ Greiner & Reinhardt. Field Quantisation
- ↑ Donovan B. & Angress J.; Lattice Vibrations
- ↑ {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 For a discussion see {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
- ↑ Phonon-phonon interactions due to non-linear effects in a linear ion trap
- ↑ Template:Cite web
- ↑ Template:Cite news
- ↑ "Thermal Memory: A Storage of Phononic Information."
- ↑ "'Phononic Computer' Could Process Information with Heat."
External links
- Explained: Phonons, MIT News, 2010.
- Optical and acoustic modes
- Phonons in a One Dimensional Microfluidic Crystal [1] and [2] with movies in [3].


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François Périer (1919–2002)
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Francois Perier was one of France's most prolific character leads. Born in Paris, his father managed a wine shop. At age 14, he wrote to legendary actor Louis Jouvet who subsequently helped him enter the Cours Simon and Le Conservatoire dramatic institutions. A stage star by 1938, he then apprenticed in bit film parts. In a career that spanned ... See full bio »
Born:in Paris, France
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text: Thursday, January 12, 2012 Prospective Surveillance Model Emerges as Standard of Care for Breast Cancer Treatment Early diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer-related lymphedema by a physical therapist can significantly reduce costs and the need for intensive rehabilitation, according to an article published in the January issue of PTJ. The study, led by APTA member Nicole Stout, PT, MPT, CLT-LANA, compared a prospective surveillance model with a traditional model of impairment-based care and examined the direct treatment costs associated with each program. Treatment and supply costs were estimated based on the Medicare 2009 physician fee schedule. Researchers estimated that treatment for breast cancer-related lymphedema costs $636.19 a year when the prospective surveillance model was used vs $3,124.92 for traditional treatment of advanced lymphedema. Read more about the study in APTA's press release.


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Madison girls basketball avenges loss to Old Forge
Madison >> Madison's girls basketball team honored its nine seniors prior to its final home game against Old Forge Monday.
Jill Hughes quickly stole the show from her Blue Devils teammates. The junior scored 10 of Madison's 14 points in the first quarter en route to a 47-31 victory over the Lady Eskimos.
"I really don't know (how it happened)," said Hughes. "In warm-ups I couldn't make anything. That's how it usually works out."
Hughes made it happen with aggressive defense that led to easy offense, scoring two layups off of steals to help Madison (6-6, 8-10) jump out to an 8-0 lead. The junior then scored off an offensive rebound and assisted on a Megan Rockhill basket to extend the Blue Devils' lead to 12-2. Madison's only struggle in the first quarter was with fouls, picking up six as a team seven minutes into the game. However, Old Forge (5-7, 7-11) couldn't capitalize and shot 5-14 from the free throw line in the first half.
While the Eskimos struggled from the line Madison used a 13-4 run to extend its lead to 27-9. Hughes had seven of those points and capped the run with another steal and layup with two minutes to play in the second quarter.
"She's come a long way this year," said Madison coach Elaine Hogan of Hughes, a Brookfield student who is spending her first season with Madison after previously playing on the Beavers' boys JV. "She's had more confidence in the second half (of the season)."
Old Forge cut into Madison's lead right before the half with a 7-0 with Samantha Notley and Madison Rice doing the damage for the Eskimos. The Blue Devils' Shana Biedermann responded in the second half, scoring five points inside during a 7-0 Madison run that gave the hosts an 18-point lead.
The visitors rallied during the end of the third quarter and beginning of the fourth, using a 12-0 run to cut Madison's lead to 34-28. Notley sparked the run and Jodi Bolton's basket cut the lead to six and gave Old Forge an opportunity to spoil Senior Night for the Blue Devils.
Biedermann and Rockhill wouldn't let it. Biedermann ended the run with a free throw and Rockhill grabbed the offensive rebound after her teammate missed the second try. The junior put the ball back in the basket to give Madison a 37-28 lead. The hosts never looked back and Hughes scored three baskets during a 13-0 run that sealed the victory.
"It was a good feeling," said Hughes of beating Old Forge, who Madison lost to by one earlier in the season. "We were really bumming after we lost last time."
Hughes led the Blue Devils with 23 points in the victory while Notley scored a team-high 11 for the Eskimos.
Old Forge 7 9 6 9 - 31
Madison 16 11 7 13 - 47
Old Forge (5-7, 7-11): Katie Connell 9, Samantha Notley 11, Jodi Bolton 4, Madison Rice 5, Chloe Brosemer 2.
Madison (6-6, 8-10): Nikki Tubbs 4, Jill Hughes 23, Shana Biedermann 8, Morgan Lewis 2, Megan Rockhill 6, Taylor Best 2, Shelby Johnson 2.


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Noticed new comic (with much yays! and woohoos!), but I can no longer get to the previous one. Or large portions of the archives. And as, basically, a newbie (to this comic anyway) I have very little idea what's actually going on. Biiiig hole in comics.
So, now updates have started again, implying artist is back and about, is there any way to make keen resurrect the missing comics?


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Do you wear red and white? That's the color of the Singapore flag. Red symbolises universal brotherhood and equality of man, while white signifies pervading and everlasting purity and virtue. Then there is the crescent moon that represents a young nation on the ascendant, and the five stars stand for the nation's ideals of democracy, peace, progress, justice and equality.
Well, I don't wear red and white anymore because once I tried, my husband immediately declared that I was the national flag! But inspired by our National Day tomorrow, I've hunt down some pretty cool outfits and fashion items from Etsy that are in red and white. Well, they don't look like our national flag do they?
1950s Vintage Style Red and White Gingham Dress US$195
Wow, a really sweet and classic 1950s style dress with a fitted bodice and very full skirt. Comes with a layer of tulle netting for added fullness. Don't you just love the red flower detail at the waist?
Found at Viola Vintage.
1940's Vintage Style Handbag NORMA Red Canopy Stripe US$28
A gorgeous looking 1940's vintage-inspired handbag with a nautical, beachy feel but in lipstick red and white cotton canvas. gives NORMA a nautical, beachy feel. I love the gently peaked kiss-lock frame and a slender shoulder strap as that definitely adds to NORMA'S 1940's appeal. She measures a full 14″ wide, and so should be able to contain quite functional too!
Found at Hot Tin Roof.
QUOTE Canvas N Leather Saddle Drawstring Bag US$78
This saddle bag is totally unique with drawstring on one side of it. Measures 10″H x 15″W and comes with contrast leather trim with one zipper pocket and one leather cell phone pocket. Love how fun it looks when worn on the shoulder.
Found at Quote Bag Studio.
Red Dynasty Book Earrings US$17
Wear this interesting pair of mini book earrings with flame patterns of Chinese red on a bright white background. It's handmade with handmade Indian cotton rag paper, with inner pages of Brockway text paper, bound with Italian bookcloth and 14kt gold fill earwires. Perfect for the book lovers!
Found at The Small Book Company.
Rosettes and a Single Red Rose Bouquet/ Statement Bib Necklace US$56
Definitely a beautiful and unique statement necklace with ivory/light cream distressed rosettes made out of a light weight cotton fabric,with a single red rose made out linen fabric, and assortment of cream and gold glass pearls, and a brass chain.
Found at LaViejaTunTun's Shop
Cherry Red Butterfly Floral Fused Dichroic Glass Pendant Necklace US$22
If you prefer something simple, then pick this glass pendant necklace with image of a delicate white butterfly fluttering towards a large bold white flower, with a smaller flower in the top corner. The red organza ribbon necklace gives it an added feminine charm.
Found at Luv2Hav.
Okay, I'm short of shoes…I'm leaving you to hunt for them yourself!


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The Tubbs Women's Mountaineer Snowshoe, featuring our most aggressive crampon, is our most versatile and highest-performing backcountry shoe.
Select Size Size Chart
Access the backcountry with ease. The Tubbs Mountaineer women's snowshoe uses a precise, women's-specific ActiveFit™ binding and snow-slicing, carbon-steel Anaconda™ toe crampon to achieve modern, go-anywhere versatility. The Mountaineer was built with R2™ Revolution articulation, allowing you to maintain a natural foot position while exploring wild and untouched terrain, comfortably and safely, season after season.
Included: One pair of snowshoes.
The Tubbs Women's Mountaineer Snowshoe, featuring our most aggressive crampon, is our most versatile and highest-performing backcountry shoe.
Product Zoom
|Optimal Load*
|Surface Area
|8" x 21"
|4.3 lbs
|80 - 150 lbs
|136 in²
|8" x 25"
|4.8 lbs
|120 - 200 lbs
|178 in²
|9" x 30"
|4.9 lbs
|170 - 250 lbs
|234 in²
*Optimal Load refers to the total weight of the user plus anything they are carrying, such as a pack, equipment, etc. Recommended loads are based on light, dry snow conditions. Powder snow may require a larger snowshoe.
- Features:
- Pro-Step Frame
- SoftTec Decking
- R2 Revolution Response
- ActiveFit Binding
- Anaconda Crampon
- Python Heel Crampon
- Sizes:
- 21, 25
- Frame:
- Pro Step Frame
- Decking:
- Softtec Decking
- Articulation:
- R2 Revolution Response
- Control:
- ActiveFit™ Binding
- Traction:
- Anaconda Toe Crampon,Python Heel Crampon
- Heel Lift:
- ActiveLift
- Uses Boa:
- No
The Pro-Step frame combines a continuous frame bend with longer, lower rise for improved flotation. The lower height nose packs easily, while the tail bend reduces impact on your joints.
RII Revolution Response
Energy efficient and effective, RII delivers shock absorbing lateral flex and quick side slope responsiveness to maintain a natural foot position in all conditions. Full step rotation allows the tail of the snowshoe to drop, shedding snow and allowing the toe crampon to bite deeply.
ActiveFit Binding
Gender specific, asymmetric ActiveFit+™ binding provides the perfect combination of control, support, comfort and ease of use. Patented Control Wings™ center the heel, while dual pivot point and padded midfoot deliver a custom fit without pressure points. Men's binding fits up to size 13 boots; women's sized for 5-11 boots.
Anaconda Crampon
The razor-sharp, carbon steel Anaconda™ toe crampon has eight sharp teeth that provide constant contact in all types of terrain.
Python Heel Crampon
The aggressive Python heel crampon, centered under the boot, delivers enhanced downhill braking traction.
SoftTec Decking
Tubbs SoftTec™ decking provides durable, lightweight flotation.
Active Lift 19°
ActiveLift™ 19° heel lift reduces calf fatigue and Achilles tendon strain on steep ascents.


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Well didn't 2013 get a good start?! Such a beautiful sunny day with big blue skies full of what my mother calls: 'Optimistic Blue'. I had a very relaxing Christmas - lots of socialising and merriment and a whole day was spent watching Carry On films back to back. I also had to work the New Year side of yuletide (as in the Kew sort of work rather than the artistic kind) so it wasn't all relaxation. Kew Gardens was free to visitors over the Christmas period so it was quite busy, but then I quite like it when it is busy as it keeps me on my toes.
After New Year's Day I started to pack my bedroom into boxes. This is because I am trying to make it more of a studio with a bed in it than a bedroom with a desk in it. So far so good - now I just need to locate a drawing board and then I am there! It has to be said that I am very excited about this year - I have lots of plans and of course I will make a start on my Big Painting as 2013 unfolds. However - first thing is first - framing for the SBA exhibition and finishing Three Times Over. Oh and I need to get rid of these boxes... I suppose one must pace themselves...
Yesterday though, whilst hidden deep within a mountain of boxes, I did a pen and ink drawing. It is not yet complete, but something that I wanted to do. It's been ages since I have used my pen in this way and it felt good to get back into it.
I am also intending to complete this sampler tomorrow (12th night and the end of Christmas and 2012 in my head). I have added a back to it like I usually do, so that they can decide if they want to keep it as it is or frame it if they want to. This couple migrate a lot so it makes sense for now to have it in this format so they can fold it away in their suitcase. I wanted to add more bits to it, but I also quite like the simplicity of it and the Germanic 'look', so I decided to leave it as it is.


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Wine expert and social media guru Gary Vaynerchuk attributes his ability to detect subtleties in wine that others might not recognise because of his unique taste-testing as a teen. Because drinking wine was illegal, he says he tasted the flavours associated with wine instead. He not only ate fruits and vegetables, but also chewed on chunks of grass, dirt, tobacco and wood so he could learn to recognise the complex flavours that wine has to offer.
For investors, an appreciation of China requires a similar comprehensive analysis.
One significant subtlety that seems to be overlooked by investors today is China's macro policy strategy. Professor Stephen Roach in the Financial Times thinks the country has been "doing a far better job in managing its economy than most give it credit." Its actions have been deliberate and purposeful, and, most important, successful. He points to measures that China enacted to lower food inflation, along with the numerous times the country raised required reserve ratios and policy interest rates as illustrations of China's increasing "prowess" in stabilizing its economy.
The positive results of the government's actions have a delayed effect, only to be detected a few months later. For example, the chart below shows how the food and non-food consumer price index (CPI) have declined on a year-over-year basis over the past several months. CPI is now at its lowest level since July 2010, says CLSA.
With inflation now under control, China is stocked with other possible monetary policy actions to help growth in 2012, as opposed to the central banks of the U.S., Europe and England, which have run empty. "They have followed the Bank of Japan and taken their short-term policy rates down to the zero bound," Roach says.
Perhaps the sommeliers have become the students: Rather than the developed countries' central banks providing directives to China on ways to grow its economy, maybe it should be the other way around. Roach says that China "offers some lessons in macro policy strategy that the rest of the world should heed."
Roach concludes that "long focused on stability, [China] is more than willing to accept the short-term costs of a growth sacrifice to keep its development strategy on track."
Jim Rogers has also identified many attractive nuances of China, which he believes China Bears are missing. When the legendary international investor was interviewed last week by Business Insider, he pointed to the country's long history of "entrepreneurship [and] capitalism, they have the brains, they have the know-how" as reasons to be bullish.
Its likely China will experience setbacks as it grows, says Rogers. After centuries of decline, the country just recently experienced a rebirth when Deng Xiaoping led China toward a market economy in 1978. Growth is still in its early stages. However, each time China data appears slightly off, bears are quick to doubt Beijing's ability to successfully navigate its economic terrain.
When Premier Wen Jiabao announced this week that the government's targeted GDP growth was expected to be 7.5 per cent, it wasn't a surprise to seasoned China followers. Andy Rothman of CLSA says it was consistent with his expectations. Premier Wen's message came as "neither a surprise nor a signal that the Communist Party believes growth is decelerating beyond what we had expected." Rothman also doesn't think Wen's speech signaled additional stimulus either.
Sometimes a target is just a target: China's GDP has always grown more than what was projected. Take a look at the chart below. The yellow line shows how China has conservatively set its target GDP growth for the past decade. Every year, actual GDP growth has been higher and much higher in some cases. For example, in 2007, while the government projected GDP to grow 8 per cent, actual GDP growth came in much higher at 14 per cent.
While most analysts don't expect another moon shot rise in GDP this year, a 7.5 per cent growth rate still exceeds most emerging economies and all developed nations. Advanced economy growth is expected to be meager, slowing from 1.6 per cent to 1.3 per cent in 2012, according to The Conference Board.
Since the new year, the MSCI China Index has risen about 11 per cent. This increase comes after a 2011 decline of nearly 20 per cent. However, last year's sell off continues to provide bargain basement prices for some Chinese stocks, as the index is trading at an attractive price-to-earnings level, says Deutsche Bank. While the 10-year P/E has averaged 12.5 times, the 12-month forward price-to-earnings for the MSCI China index is currently at 9.1 times.
Deutsche Bank strategists say with "very healthy" GDP growth and moderate inflation, the "macro fundamentals should easily justify a further rerating of the forward P/E to 10.5 times" by the end of 2012. This valuation suggests that the MSCI China could increase 15 per cent from its March 8 level, says Deutsche Bank.
For long-term investors learning to appreciate the finer points of the country, we believe China is somewhat like fine wine; it only gets better with age.
U.S. Global Investors, Inc. is an investment management firm specializing in gold, natural resources, emerging markets and global infrastructure opportunities around the world. The company, headquartered in San Antonio, Texas, manages 13 no-load mutual funds in the U.S. Global Investors fund family, as well as funds for international clients.
For more updates on global investing from Frank and the rest of the U.S. Global Investors team, follow us on Twitter at www.twitter.com/USFunds or like us on Facebook at www.facebook.com/USFunds. You can also watch exclusive videos on what our research overseas has turned up on our YouTube channel at www.youtube.com/USFunds.
All opinions expressed and data provided are subject to change without notice. Some of these opinions may not be appropriate to every investor. By clicking the links above, you will be directed to third-party websites. U.S. Global Investors does not endorse all information supplied by these websites and is not responsible for their content.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is one of the most widely recognised price measures for tracking the price of a market basket of goods and services purchased by individuals. The weights of components are based on consumer spending patterns.
The MSCI China Index provides coverage of the large and mid cap segments and is constructed according to the MSCI Global Investable Market Indices Methodology. The MSCI China Index is part of the MSCI Emerging Markets Index.
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PEEK bearing cages for refrigeration screw compressor
SKF PEEK cages boost refrigeration screw compressor speeds by 17%
A leading North American producer of transport temperature control systems needed a bearing performance upgrade solution for a screw compressor redesign. Applications would include transport refrigeration for trailers as well as bus air conditioning.
The maximum speed of the bearing (or the rotor) used in the previous compressor design was 12,000 rpm, for which a pressed sheet brass bearing cage worked quite well. Needing to widen that operating range, the company looked to SKF.
The solution
SKF engineers worked closely with the compressor manufacturer, considering several possible new bearing cage materials. These included pressed sheet steel and machined steel cage and brass. None of them were able to handle the increased operating speeds.
Extended operation range has been accomplished by changing the cage material and the cage design. The extended operation range corresponds to decreased viscosity of the base lubricant, increased operating temperature and increased operating
speed of the bearing. Ultimately, a moulded, glass fiber reinforced polyether ether ketone (PEEK) material was selected.
The moulded material help minimize costs, but it needed more room than the original pressed sheet brass cage. SKF compensated by reducing the number of balls from ten to nine. Typically this would decease the bearings basic load rating by 10 %, but SKF further compensated by using optimized, heat-treated steel and improving the surface finish on the balls and the raceways.
The result
The maximum discharge temperature (bearing temperature) increased
to 148.9 °C (300 °F). The maximum speed of the bearing (or the rotor) was increased from 12,000 to 14,000 rpm – a 17 % speed increase. The value of the increased operating range more than balanced the individual bearing cost increase.


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To paraphrase JFK himself, we choose to review "The Kennedys" not because it is easy, but because it is hard.
As most people know, the eight-part miniseries (debuting Sunday on the ReelzChannel) had a rocky road to TV. Originally produced for the History Channel, the series directed by "24" helmer Jon Cassar and starring Oscar nominee Greg Kinnear as President John F. Kennedy and Katie Holmes as Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy – bounced between potential broadcasters before finding a home on the previously low-profile ReelzChannel, amid speculation that it either played fast and loose with facts or its warts-and-all depictions prompted pressure from the famous family to shelve it.
But like its subjects, "The Kennedys" weathered the controversies and will now be judged by the public on both its merits and its flaws – and it has its share of both. There is certainly an epic sweep to the saga, and even in eight hours there's a wealth of significant incidents that cannot be addressed (for example, don't expect any exploration of a conspiracy behind the assassinations of JFK or RFK – Oliver Stone's covered that, anyway – the push behind Kennedy's pioneering space initiative goes unaddressed, and Ted Kennedy remains undepicted). What is shown is a relatively compelling portrait of Jack, Jackie, Bobby (Barry Pepper) and papa Joe (Tom Wilkinson) in particular, digging deep – but sometimes not deep enough – beyond their iconic profiles.
U.S. & World
News from around the country and around the globe
In each of the eight episodes Cassar and the screenwriters admirably rise to a tricky challenge – there's a forward thrust to the evolving narrative of the Kennedys' lives as the miniseries progresses, but also a (usually) deft use of altering chronological storytelling structure to keep each individual episode on thematic topic. Thus the storylines "The Kennedys" explore can be easily digested as stand-alones and as part of a greater whole, with the standouts being Episode Three (focusing on the Bay of Pigs Invasion), Episode Six (the Cuban Missile Crisis) and Episode Eight (the fallout of JFK's assassination, particularly for Bobby and Jackie).
Kinnear is rock-solid throughout: his all-too-human portrayal of the president captures both the droll, witty charm of JFK and his pensiveness while tackling turbulent personal and public crises, if occasionally skimping on the real man's intense magnetism and public confidence/swagger. Holmes' turn is more inconsistent: at times, she seems to be nailing what we think we know about Jackie's combination of elegance, glamour and reserve, and at others she appears to be missing the mark on elements both large and small (the accent she attempts, for example, never quite comes together).
Despite not being a dead ringer for posh, preppish RFK, Pepper – one of Hollywood's most underrated and underutilized actors – remarkably captures the younger Kennedy brother's drive, moral certainty and oft-guilt-plagued persona. It's a performance that, by the end, practically grabs the viewer by the lapels. But it's the always-astonishing Wilkinson who truly steals the show time and time again as the ambitious, domineering and frequently ruthless family patriarch – even in latter-day scenes when Joe is rendered speechless by a debilitating stroke. It's a masterful performance that raises the senior Kennedy far beyond being the "villain" of the piece, along with some sensitive screenwriting.
There are problems, too. With its focus on the internal conflicts and foibles of JFK (he compulsively cheats on his wife, he's often cowed by his dad, he devours prescription medication to boost his energy and ease his pain-wracked body), the miniseries too often misses nuance in the moments when the president shines as the socially charged visionary that he indeed became. Intentional or not, there's also a somewhat uncomfortable dynamic develops between Bobby and Jackie after Jack's death; and the treatment of other peripheral icons central to the Kennedy story, such as Frank Sinatra and Marilyn Monroe, is puddle-shallow and – especially in Monroe's case – shabby.
How accurate is "The Kennedys?" Like most things associated with the family, that's a point that will likely be long debated without any real resolution. But similarly it's something fascinating, flawed, worth watching and difficult not to get wrapped up in – especially to gain a perspective on just how singularly important the Kennedy Era was to American society and culture we live in today. As JFK pointed out, "A man may die, nations may rise and fall, but an idea lives on."


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Fish (in this case salmon), grated Parmesan Cheese, fine dry seasoned bread crumbs, flour, egg whites, salt and freshly ground pepper, and oil; either olive oil or canola.
These ingredients are the secret to the flavorful, crispy coating: flour, egg whites, and seasoned dry bread crumbs mixed with an equal amount of grated Parmesan cheese.
Rinse, then pat the salmon fillet(s) and cut them into approximately 1/2-inch by 1/2-inch strips about 4-inches in length (or so). Dip them to cover on all sides completely in the coating ingredients in this order: flour, egg whites, finally the Parmesan/Bread crumb mixture.
Then just plate up and be prepared for some delicious eating!
This one is excellent ~ I always use Best Foods/Hellmann's mayonnaise, and non-fat plain yogurt, but you can substitute low-fat mayonnaise if you prefer. I'm very fond of the traditional (non-sweet) tartar sauce, but this one is much simpler to stir together and ranks right up there among my favorites. Kudos to Giada for another winner!
Here are the recipes, with proportions:
Parmesan Fish Sticks
Recipe inspired by Giada DeLaurentiis
Fish sticks
1 (18-ounce) center-cut salmon fillet, about 9 by 4 inches, skinned
(I've used frozen salmon filets, thawed, they are perfectly acceptable in this recipe. The individually packed Atlantic filets from Costco in the big bag work very well when prepared this way.)
1/2 cup all-purpose flour
1/2 teaspoon fine sea salt
1/4 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper
3 egg whites
1 cup grated Parmesan
1 cup seasoned bread crumbs
Olive oil, for drizzling
Dipping Sauce
1/3 cup reduced fat mayonnaise
1/3 cup lowfat plain yogurt
1 tablespoon Dijon mustard
1 tablespoon chopped fresh parsley or chives
For the Fish Sticks:
Preheat the oven to 450 degrees F.
Rinse the salmon fillet and pat dry with paper towels.
Cut the fish in half to make 2 fillets each about 4 by 4 1/2-inches in size.
Starting on the longest edge, slice the fillets into 1/2-inch pieces.
Lay the widest pieces, from the center, cut side down, and slice in half lengthways so all the pieces are equally about 1/2 by 1/2 by 4 1/2-inches in size.
My notes: The idea here is to cut the fish into as uniform pieces as possible; exact size of the "sticks" is not important, just try to keep them about the same size so they will bake evenly. If your "sticks" are larger, just adjust the baking time.
Place the flour in a medium bowl and season with the salt and pepper. Place the egg whites in another bowl and beat until frothy, about 30 seconds.
Combine the Parmesan and bread crumbs in a third bowl.
Coat the salmon pieces in the seasoned flour and pat to remove any excess flour.
Dip the floured salmon in the egg whites and then into the Parmesan mixture, gently pressing the mixture into the fish.
Place the breaded salmon pieces on a liberally oiled baking sheet.
Drizzle lightly with the olive oil. Bake for 15 to 20 minutes until golden brown.
For the Dipping Sauce:
Mix the mayonnaise, yogurt, Dijon mustard, and parsley (or chives, if using) in a small dipping bowl. Arrange the fish sticks on a serving platter and serve with the dipping sauce.
Additional Notes: The fish sticks can also be dipped in ketchup, marinara sauce, pesto, ranch dressing or vinaigrette.