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by Mark Cipolloni
July 15, 2004
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With all the recent talk about
a possible Champ Car/IRL unification that started with Roger Penske's
recent letter published by the NY Times, there have been varying
opinions as to whether it's even possible to get these two sides
together again.
Quite frankly, despite all
the talk about unification, in reality it will be nearly impossible to
accomplish. Both series are simply too far down the road and have
different philosophies about what open wheel racing should be.
Hence, while my original intent of this article was to propose a possible
unification structure for the two series to work under, when examining the
issues I quickly realized it simply is not possible, but an alternative quickly
Let's examine the issues that would
need to be overcome, and then I will propose what I believe the two series
should do.
Issue 1: Tony George
Tony George has his plan of what Indy Car racing needs to be and I think
he plans to see it through. Emboldened by his success in luring
Honda, Toyota, most teams, most sponsors and most drivers from CART to
the IRL, I doubt he is ready to give up any control to a group of team
owners, even if it was joint control. We suspect Tony wants to be
the Bill France of Indy Car Racing and I doubt he
will agree to any unification plan.
Issue 2: OWRS
A few short months ago OWRS went through a lot of trouble to acquire the
Champ Car series. We do not see them having an appetite to sell or
merge with anyone. They have a 5-year plan and they claim
they are going to stick to it. "In 18 months we will have made so many
significant improvements no one will be talking about a merger," said Kevin
Kalkhoven. "We are only in the first year of our 5-year plan and already
we are well ahead of schedule."
Issue 3: The Cars
Both series have completely different cars and in a unified series, a
common chassis would have to be agreed upon. The IRL currently has two chassis suppliers who are getting rich like
fat cats just from the parts business alone. Champ Car effectively
just has one - Lola. While the IRL car is optimized for ovals, the
Champ Car must be optimized for road and street circuits. The
existing Champ Car works well on all types of circuits, but it is
getting old and outdated. Hence an all new car is probably needed
starting in 2006. 2006 would have been the year for both sides to buy all
new equipment and run under a common umbrella, were that even remotely possible.
It's not.
Issue 4: The Engines
The IRL has three engine suppliers, two (Honda and Toyota) committed through 2006, one
(Chevy) through 2005 and probably through 2006, all of whom are committed to
spend money to support the series. Champ Car has no manufacturer
support (we don't count Ford because their contribution is so miniscule
it is meaningless.) Champ Car teams pay to lease engines from Ford
Cosworth at a reasonable price. All Champ Cars use the same power
plant, so everyone is equal. This is a good thing. The IRL
engine makes about 625 HP and going any higher means speeds are too
great and unsafe on the ovals. Champ Car engines make 750 HP and
going any lower would mean the cars would be too slow on road
courses....unless the new car is much lighter.
Issue 5: The Schedule
Combined the two series have a total of 30 to 32 races. A combined series
would be able to accommodate 20 maximum. What 10 to 12 races would be dropped and what
happens to existing contracts? Yes there are some weak races, but
dropping 10 to 12 might be difficult.
Issue 6: Television
The IRL has a contract with ABC through 2009 that sees the IRL get paid
for their TV broadcasts. Champ Car has a contract with Spike TV,
but it is a time buy, hence that contract could easily be terminated for
2006 and Champ Car and the IRL can be united under ABC/ESPN.
Issue 7: The Egos
There are a lot of big egos on both sides of the fence. They would
have to be set aside if unification is going to work.
Issue 8: The number of
cars on the grid
The IRL currently has 22 cars on the grid while Champ Car has 18, for a
total of 40. How many cars can you conceivably run in any given
race? Realistically, some teams will have to be told to go
find another series to race in.
Issue 9: Philosophical
Differences Contrary to reports they are going road racing, in
reality the IRL is still all about oval racing. As part of the
oval track cartel, Tony George is never going to take his focus off of
oval track racing. Champ Car is clearly focused on road racing,
in particular, downtown urban street races. Their view is that
oval track racing is too risky and places a heavy toll on man and
machine. Clearly history has shown that many cars and human body
parts have been broken when IRL cars hit the immovable walls, although
the damage to the drivers has been reduced with the advent of the SAFER
Issue 10: The
Organizational Structure The IRL has a management structure
that has no conflicts of interest, unlike OWRS owners who are both
series owners and team owners. Tony George does not believe in
team owners running a race series so clearly any unified series would
need an independent management structure making the important calls.
We suspect Tony George sees himself as the overall NFL-style
Commissioner in such a scenario, but we also suspect OWRS is not about
to roll over and play dead under Tony George. The Commissioner
role would have to be carefully structured.
Issue 11: Overcoming
NASCAR's monopoly Helped by the open wheel split, NASCAR now
has a huge market share in the USA. So huge in fact that open wheel
racing isn't on most American's minds at all. To them, NASCAR is
racing. How would a unified series overcome NASCAR's
There are simply too many key issues
to overcome for the two series to unify. The series should never have been
split in the first place, but it's what Tony George wanted and the entire sport
has paid dearly for it. The only good that came out of it is 1) More
people are employed because there are more overall teams, 2) More venues have
races now than when the series was one.
If nothing else, for the foreseeable
future, the two sides should agree to do business on separate turfs and stick to them.
The IRL should remain an oval track
series and focus on that form of racing and be the best it can be.
It would do well to feature mostly American drivers, perhaps 75%.
A big part of NASCAR's popularity is from the fact that Americans like
oval track racing and they can relate to American drivers better.
If they move forward with road racing it's going to cost the teams extra
money for the road racing conversions necessary for their cars, but for
what? The road races won't have higher TV ratings and the venues I
hear them talk about going to will struggle to
pull in a big gate.
Champ Car should agree to not race on
ovals. In North America, the IRL will be the premier oval track open wheel
series and Champ Car the premier road racing series. Champ Car should focus
on perfecting a road racing package that looks and sounds a lot like F1, at a much
more affordable price. North America, as well as many countries around the
world that want a F1 race but can't afford one, would jump at the chance for a F1
Being an F1 imitation should not be
construed as a negative. F1 is wildly popular around the world, but it's pricing
itself out of business. By using spec cars and other parts (can you say
badged engines too?) Champ Car can keep the costs down and speeds in check.
The cars should look fast (by being light and a bit smaller) and sound sexy
(screaming V10) but at a low cost. If you look like F1 and sound like F1,
eventually people worldwide will begin to take notice and Champ Car will erode
F1's market share (sorry Bernie). Champ Car needs to get the "wow" factor
back, which they had when they were thought of as something very special.
Both series must focus on making the
drivers household names and heroes. You can't make a hero out of a wanker,
so each series should focus on the best talent available. When they invest
in these individuals, and grow them into super heroes, they should not be throwing
their money away on drivers who wouldn't know how to find victory circle if you
led them there by their nose.
Stealing drivers, sponsors,
manufacturers and teams should not be allowed without mutual consent from both
sides. Each side should agree to live in harmony and go about growing their
respective business without fear of constantly looking over their shoulder.
The war of words must stop. All the negative press and comparisons must
stop. Let the fans enjoy both series for what they are - one ovals, one road
racing. Each side should say kind things about the other side. Let the
fans know that you have each agreed to live in harmony and the fans will
eventually lay down their weapons (harsh negative criticism) as well.
Last, the two sides should form a
joint open wheel IROC series using open wheel cars. I assume Champ Car will
soon have all new cars. May I suggest a fleet of 30 equally prepared
existing Lola Cosworth Champ Cars be bought and maintained for four IROC-type
races a year featuring the 10 best drivers from each series. Let the fans
vote for the 10 best, much like baseball chooses their all-star players each year.
The four races should be two on ovals and two on road courses, with an overall
champion crowned.
The existing Champ Car is a versatile
machine, able to race on both ovals and road courses, this is why I suggest they
be bought and maintained as the IROC cars for open wheel.
Both sides should agree to the four
venues, each in conjunction with an existing race. I would pick Indy and
Chicagoland as the two oval rounds, and Long Beach and Montreal as the two road
racing rounds, each run on a Saturday of race weekend. However, I would
rotate two of the venues each year. Indy and Long Beach should be fixtures,
but I could see the other oval and other road course being different each year.
ABC or CBS should be contracted to televise the races live and they should be
broadcast in all of North America.
This "open wheel IROC series" should
be equally promoted by both sides as North America's version of their all-star
series and use it as a vehicle for bragging rights as to who is best. The
open wheel fans will look forward to these four all-star races each year and view
this coming together under one umbrella as a sign the cold war is over and the
real battle is on the track between the drivers.
Is Sebastien Bourdais or Justin Wilson
better than Sam Hornish or Buddy Rice? Hopefully we can soon find out.
And who knows, perhaps one day this IROC series will lead to the merger of Champ
Car and the IRL, much like the AFL merged with the NFL after playing against one
another in a game called the Super Bowl.
The author can be contacted at
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Start Up Business Loans Today
SGB Media Group's blog covering the overall social media and social networking industry. SGB Media Group is a social media marketing firm specializing in niche social network development, performance marketing, strategic alliance management, public relations and developing social network aggregation applications.
Sunday, January 10, 2016
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Rustic Secretaires
For some, the phrase "rustic style" suggests a house like "La Pitchoune," the late chef Julia Child's cottage in Provence, with its exposed wooden beams and well-worn antique furniture. For others, it prompts images of a place like the Lake Placid Lodge in Upstate New York, with its stone fireplaces and knotty pine paneling. Indeed, rustic design takes many forms: twig furniture, a plank trestle table, a hand-stitched quilt, a chandelier made of deer antlers.
Rustic design is perhaps mostly about texture and humble materials: hand-hewn wood, woven rush seats, wrought iron, coarse stone and weathered metal. As a decor, it exudes warmth and honesty, while a single piece of countrified design adds an intriguing visual counterpoint in a sleek, modern environment. As you can see on these pages, rustic wares offer no end of inspiration.
Early 19th Century Swedish Antique Rustic Secretaires
Mid-18th Century Swedish Antique Rustic Secretaires
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Nice and demanding climb, predominantly up cracks, to the left of "Umbras". The route reached the final belay of Umbras and terminates here.
From Nuoro drive to Oliena, from Funtana Iscandula reach Preda 'e Littu and then follow the path which leads to the classic route up the Punta Cusidore arete.
From the start of the NW arete up Punta Cusidore, coast beneath the north face and start at the highest point. To the right there are some old bolts (attempt Piras-Scema 1996). Start to the left, on the highest point of the grassy scramble.
Abseil down Umbras or 4 abseils down the route. Two 60m ropes are absolutely necessary!
In-situ gear: three pegs along the pitches, pegs and threads for abseils at the belays. Take two sets of camming devices up to 3BD, one 4BD, nuts, kevlar threads, two 60m ropes.
All pitches, except for the 6th, were climbed on-sight during the first ascent.


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Eva Shaw brings you the hottest tracks of the moment during a 60 minute episode of EVAlution Radio.
Canadian born Eva Shaw is internationally recoginized as an innovate multi-talent. Eva has enjoyed success in the world of fashion as a model before she made a name for herself in the music industry as a music producer, writer and DJ.
Eva Shaw began her career in New York city and quickly expanded all over North America, performing on the mainstage at music festivals such as Ultra, as well as landing residencies in premier nightclubs including Hakkasan and Omania Las Vegas.
Billboard Radio China is proud to annouce the addition of "EVAlution Radio" a new weekly mix show by superstar DJ/Remixer EVA SHAW!


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Sarah Lewis necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 140 diseños de 52 diseñadores freelance.
Metamorph Events
Metamorph Events is a 501(c)(3) organization that produces athletic events to help motive and transform participants by helping them push beyond who they are and help others through fundraising at the same time.
We are a group of friends who have all had our lives transformed by becoming active and realizing the benefits of an active lifestyle. We want to share this and help others at the same time, so we formed a non-profit for this purpose.
Our target participant is people who are not satisfied with who they are and want to become more, but aren't sure how to do that.
Lisa is an active women who is approaching retirement age and is willing to experiment with many different hobbies and decided to take on biking as one of them. She wanted an adventure and signed up for our tour. Lisa is not a serious cyclist, but she loves being social and pushing her limits at the same time.
Abe is a truck driver with a large family (wife +5 children). As is typical for many people in his position, his weight is higher than he would like and his activity level is lower. He signed up for one of our tours, followed the training plan and loved it.
We want to appeal to people like Lisa and Abe. We want to communicate to them that they can step out and take the initiative to make a positive change.
We want to send a message that our tours are active, challenging, and achievable. You don't have to be an elite racer to get out on your bike and succeed at an ambitious challenge.
Our events are currently all cycling events, but in the future we may produce other types, so we don't necessarily want the logo to be to cyclo-centric.
We realize that the name and concept naturally make many people think of a butterfly. We're not necessarily opposed to a butterfly, but it can't be "girly" due to our diverse audience and our focus on strength.
Logos we like:
http://logopond.com/gallery/detail/60173 - conveys power and the logotype has good consistency with the graphic element
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http://logopond.com/gallery/detail/89452 - lovably quirky with bold forms
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http://logopond.com/gallery/detail/93325 - clean, simple, and bold
http://logopond.com/gallery/detail/90866 - clever marriage of two concepts
http://www.hammernutrition.com/imag…dCrank.jpg - aggressive and action oriented
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


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Discover the trail of King Richard III in Leicester and Leicestershire
In the city, the King Richard III Visitor Centre stands on the site of the medieval friary of the Grey Friars where the king's remains were buried over 500 years ago. The exhibition gives visitors a chance to learn more about the King's life and death – and to understand the huge events that led to his hasty burial and eventual rediscovery.
Visitors can see the exact place where Richard's remains were buried over 500 years ago and this poignant place has been transformed into a glass-floored contemplative space for visitors.
In the county the Bosworth Battlefield Heritage Centre is open to visitors to explore the stories of characters that would have been at the battle, and can enjoy special events taking place throughout the year.
Every year a re-enactment of the battle takes place in August when thousands of visitors come for the weekend to experience the sights and sounds of battle. Book a costumed guided walk around the heritage centre, a walk with falcons or even a ghost walk.


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Talking Beauty + Style with eBay
A big thanks to Nina and the editors at eBay for including me in their Style Stories series! I normally hate talking about myself but they had no shortage of fun questions. Pop on over for a look-see into my shopping habits (hint: stripes) and hedonistic ways. You already know my red lipstick pick! –Bets


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Library hounds, research heads and history buffs, Robert Darnton has been reading your diary.
Darnton, the university librarian at Harvard University, envisioned a digital library available free of charge to the public that would provide online access to the holdings of America's university libraries, museums, archives and historical societies. And on April 18, after more than two years of planning and preparation, the Digital Public Library of America launched — marking an information-age benchmark.
The not-for-profit DPLA (dp.la) comes to fruition with an initial 2.4 million items, including text, audio, video and nearly 1 million images held by partnering institutions such as the Smithsonian Institution, Harvard Library, the National Archives and Records Administration, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the New York Public Library, Mountain West Digital Library (comprising cultural heritage holdings in Utah, Nevada, Idaho and Hawaii institutions), Digital Commonwealth (Massachusetts) and the Minnesota Digital Library.
The holdings are searchable by subject, place and timeline.
Welcome to Library 2.0. "To me," director of content Emily Gore said, "the goal is to make the treasures of the nation's libraries, archives and museums available to a broader audience who may not be able to physically travel to all these wonderful places, especially these small museums or historical societies that are contributing through the service hub in their state."
Gore said most participating institutions have their own digital libraries and appreciate the exposure that DPLA offers them. Links on the DPLA site take visitors to websites of those institutions.
As the DPLA's holdings expand, it will become something of a one-stop reference resource "on a global scale," Gore said.
Consider a researcher aware that the Harvard University library has a daguerreotype of George Washington.
"If they log on to DPLA and they type 'George Washington,' they're going to find Harvard's daguerreotype," Gore said. "They will also find integrated content from all these other wonderful content holders such as the Smithsonian or small museums they would have never known existed, so it's even more of a rich resource."
The DPLA's content partners comprise two kinds of hubs. Service hubs serve as statewide aggregators of content, Gore said. These existing digital libraries, led generally by a flagship university in the state or region, have digitized historic materials such as books, photographs and manuscripts from various state institutions and made them available in one place online
Then there's a content hub. These are "large content holders," Gore said. Such institutions must have at least 250,000 objects to contribute, and the digital content must be online. Content hubs generally include large libraries, archives and museums in the U.S. Another such hub is ARTstor, which has contributed more than 10,000 images from the Dallas Museum of Art, the Indianapolis Museum of Art, the National Gallery of Art, the Walters Art Museum in Baltimore, the Yale Center for British Art and the Yale University Art Gallery.
What are some of these treasures? Among Gore's own enthusiastic discoveries, she said, were prints and sketches by Seth Eastman, an artist and military officer who taught drawing at West Point. While stationed in Minnesota in the early 1800s, he depicted the daily life and ceremonies of the Dakota and Ojibwa tribes.
"I had never seen them until we started building the site," Gore said. "They are amazing. When you see them, you realize what a jewel they are."
Beyond priceless historical images and video content such as a photo of the Smithsonian-housed desk on which Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence, a photo of Kentucky suffragettes marching for the right to vote at the Democratic National Convention in St. Louis, and footage of freedom riders from the Civil Rights era, Gore said that one of the most fascinating benefits of the DPLA will be its storehouse of photos that capture priceless images of life in the U.S. One of her favorites, on the site's home page, is an 1888 photograph by Massachusetts inventor Francis Blake of a young behatted boy in bowtie, jumping in front of a pond with a big smile on his face.
Also accessible on the DPLA site are exhibitions curated by institutions across the country. Some have more local appeal ("Boston Sports Temples"), but most take a broader perspective on U.S. history, including "Indomitable Spirits: Prohibition in the United States" from the Kentucky Digital Library, "Activism in the U.S." from the University of Georgia Libraries, and "This Land is Your Land: Parks and Public Spaces" from the South Carolina Digital Library.
"The Digital Public Library of America provides citizens with a window onto America's history and culture through its digital libraries," said John T. Butler, associate university librarian for data and technology at the University of Minnesota, one of DPLA's content partners, in an email.
The DPLA is "empowering" for state cultural heritage institutions, he wrote. "The DPLA is amassing an extraordinarily unique aggregation of content, one that cross-cuts knowledge, community and memory institutions perhaps like no other initiative to date. Already in DPLA we see the treasured images of the Blue Earth County Historical Society and the Minnesota Streetcar Museum stirred in the pot with collections from the Smithsonian and the National Archives."
The DPLA also provides a function that allows — in fact, encourages — developers, researchers and even casual users to create tools and apps from the content.
"The hope is that people will find the content and tools that DPLA provides as raw materials for digital storytelling," Butler said. "The generative potential enabled by DPLA's open access to this unique pool of data is unbounded. Might it be that DPLA will make its mark not only for the great collection it will become, but also what users will create from it?"
One app allows users to search simultaneously in DPLA and Europeana, a similar online storehouse of archival materials from European libraries, museums, archives and other institutions.
There would seem to be very little overlap between DPLA content and the typical local public library. In an interview with The Atlantic, executive director Dan Cohen noted that public libraries "are at the heart of their communities," and added that "there is no way that we can replace that, that physical presence that public libraries have. But we want to work with them to see how we can expand their mission of providing open access to materials, which has always been a really strong component of American citizenry."
The DPLA is looking forward to exponential growth, Gore said. "We're getting ready to add the Getty as well as other state service hubs. By next year, we look to have 10 million items as part of the DPLA. We're just getting started."
Donald Liebenson is a Chicago-based writer.
- Arts and Culture
- Libraries
- Art
- Museums
- Education
- Colleges and Universities
- Harvard University
- Global Expansion
- Photography
- New York Public Library
- Democratic National Convention
- Yale Center for British Art
- Walters Art Museum
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Yale University
- University of Georgia
- Smithsonian Institution
- The Getty


text:
DETROIT – Detroit Red Wings defenseman Danny DeKeyser (knee) is confident he'll be ready for Wednesday's season opener at home against the Buffalo Sabres.
"I feel good," DeKeyser said. "I kind of twisted it a little bit in the last game but it's kind of precautionary, a little sore after that. Make sure it was 100 percent before I get out there again."
DeKeyser's foot got caught in a rut against (Sidney) Crosby in the third period of Wednesday's loss to Pittsburgh. He fell and twisted his knee a little.
DeKeyser hasn't skated since the incident.
"I might try to get on the ice tomorrow a little bit," DeKeyser said. "See how it feels then, after that take it day by day.
Jordin Tootoo took part in his first practice since injuring his shoulder against Boston on Sept. 21.
"It feels good but shoulder injuries and the way I play, I just want to make sure it's 100 percent and not 85-90," Tootoo said. "I want to mentally be comfortable and be from there."
The injury occurred on his second shift against the Bruins.
"I just kept playing through it and didn't realize the severity of it until the next day," Tootoo said. "I just want to make sure I get it fixed because I know I did the same thing to my right shoulder and it almost took three years to heal. Making sure everything's on the right track right now."
Tootoo has been in a battle all training camp to find a spot on one of the Wings' four forward lines so this setback doesn't help.
"I can only control my mentality," Tootoo said. "I've just got to bring it every day. Obviously, injuries are going to be a part of the game. It's how you recover from that. Mentally, just being focused every day and making sure I'm at all the team meetings and doing all the right things."


text:
We help you to consult and hire the best Supreme Court & High Court Arbitration lawyers in Jammu And Kashmir. Use filters to narrow your search and find the best advocate in Jammu And Kashmir, whether its a family dispute or divorce lawyer, property lawyer, employment or labor court lawyer, criminal lawyer, recovery or cheque bounce lawyer, taxation or corporate lawyer, or a lawyer expert in any other field of law.
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More than 20 members of Congress responded to over 300,000 American voices calling for passage of legislation that would repeal of the federal budget sequester.
The bill, H.R. 900, is direct and can be summed up in one sentence: Cancel the sequester. Passing the bill will be "a simple solution to a knotty problem" said Rep. Alan Grayson, D-Fla.
Representatives reiterated that the sequester is reckless, irresponsible, was never meant to go into effect, and not supported by the majority of Americans. Grayson called the it a "combination of someone's idiotology, not mine or yours."
The 300,000 figure is the number of people who have responded to petitions against eliminating title 1 education for more than 2,700 schools, cutting support for almost 1.2 million disadvantaged students. This will put thousands of teachers and aides at risk of unemployment. And, in the coming months, cuts to Head Start services would also be eliminated for approximately 70,000 children and lead to further layoffs. Grayson equated the sequester to that of theft, saying "the sequester will rob us" of almost a million jobs and our chance at winning the race to the top.
Although the sequester went into effect on March 1, many Americans have yet to experience the pain and suffering it will cause for millions of households and the economy as a whole. But Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee, D-Texas, likened its impact to that of a tsunami, "for it does not give notice."
"All of a sudden a great deal of Americans will be walking around without benefits and wondering what happened," she said.
Lee urged members of Congress to "do what is right for the American people," and that vital cuts to programs will "literally cost lives."
Grayson added that our wounded economy is still recovering and that "a cut cannot be a healing."
Although the future of our country is uncertain, Rep. John Conyers said: "One thing is certain, there will be widespread misery and suffering because of the erosion of government services."
CAF joined with more than 60 national organizations, including the AFL-CIO, to ask Congress to cancel the sequester. Click here to see CAF's action to repeal the sequester.
"We are proud to join with 60 national groups and 300,000 individuals to send a clear message to Congress: End the Sequester," said Roger Hickey, co-director of the Campaign for America's Future. "The members of Congress at the event today understand the sequester was created by legislative action when conservatives threatened to destroy our economy by failing to raise the debt ceiling. What Congress created, Congress can end. And Rep. John Conyers' proposed law does it in one sentence. The American people do not want to paralyze important public services or choke of a very weak economy, and that's why the movement is growing to repeal the sequester."


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text:
The Payment Request API brought to the web a native browser-based interface that allows users to enter required purchase information easier than ever before. The API can also invoke payment apps that provide various kinds of payment methods such as e-money, cryptocurrency, bank transfers, and more.
You may implement a native Android app or convert an existing Android app in order to process such payment methods. This document describes a basic method for any Android payment app to work with any Android web browser through Android intents.
- Browser permissions: A payment app must know where the money is going. Therefore, the payment app should be able to control which browsers are allowed to call it.
- Website permissions: A payment app should be able to control which websites are allowed to invoke it. Therefore, a browser should pass the origin and certificate of the calling website to the payment app.
- Payment app permissions: If a merchant specifies that they accept a
certain payment app, then the merchant needs to know that an impersonator
app cannot steal a user's credentials. Therefore, a payment app should be
able to control which apps can respond to its payment method identifier. For
https://bobpay.commay allow only the Bob Pay native Android app to send payments, while
http://www.alice.com/web-paymay allow payments from any payment app.
- Loose integration: Web browsers should not be compiling against payment app SDKs, and payment apps should not be compiling against web browser SDKs.
- Performance: The integration should be fast even in a worst case scenario, such as a device with 512MB of RAM and a cold start for both the browser and the payment app.
- Install awareness: If a user installs or uninstalls a payment app, a web browser should be aware of this change. Even if a web browser is installed after a payment app, the browser should be able to use the pre-installed payment app for web payments.
Finding a valid payment app
When a merchant requests payment via
https://bobpay.com method, the web
browser queries the Package Manager for any app that can respond to
https://bobpay.com intent. Checking locally-installed apps first reduces the
number of server requests for
payment-manifest.json file. If a compatible app
is found, then the browser downloads the HEAD of
https://bobpay.com, and then
downloads the JSON manifest file pointed to by the HTTP header link with the
rel="payment-method-manifest" attribute. The HTTP header might look like this:
Link: <payment-manifest.json>; rel="payment-method-manifest"
Next, the browser downloads the manifest,
https://bobpay.com/payment-manifest.json, which contains pointers to the
default applications of that payment method. The payment method manifest might
{"default_applications": ["https://bobpay.com/bobpay-app.json"]}
The browser then downloads
https://bobpay.com/bobpay-app.json and verifies the
installed app against the version and signatures in it. The requirements for
this verification are that all downloads must be over HTTPS, HTTP response codes
must be 200, and HTTP redirects are not followed.
After the browser has been used for one or more web payments, it has a cache of locally-installed payment apps. The cache allows faster display of the payment UI on subsequent visits. When a user taps the merchant website's "Buy" button, the browser shows the cached list of apps and refreshes the list of payment apps in the background.
Protecting the cache from malware is outside the scope of this project, but is an important consideration. If the user's device is infected with malware that can read and write other apps' data directories the malware could, for example, read the user's credit card numbers, addresses, and passwords from disk. See https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/data/data-storage.html for more information.
Preloading a payment request
object is constructed. To save time, a website can create a
object when showing the "Buy" button, but not call
PaymentRequest.show() until
the user taps the button. This allows a faster UI response.
Browsers and payment apps pass data to each other via Intent extras, which are key-value string pairs.
Optional: "Is ready to pay"
If the payment app has a service with the
IS_READY_TO_PAY Android intent
handler, then the browser can check with the payment app before showing it as an
option for payment.
"Is ready to pay" parameters
ArrayList<String> methodNames- The names of the methods being queried. The elements are the keys in
Bundle[String] methodData- A mapping from each
methodNameto the output of
String topLevelOrigin- The schemeless origin of the top-level browsing context. For example,
https://mystore.com/checkoutwill be passed as
Parcelable[] topLevelCertificateChain- The certificate chain of the top-level browsing context. Null for localhost and file on disk, which are both secure contexts without SSL certificates. The certificate chain is necessary because a payment app might have different trust requirements for websites.
String paymentRequestOrigin- The schemeless origin of the iframe browsing context that invoked the
new PaymentRequest(methodData, details, options)constructor. If the constructor was invoked from the top-level context, then the value of this parameter equals the value of
Not all browsers can determine the values for all parameters, so the payment app should check for existence of the parameters before attempting to access them.
These parameters are sent to the payment app using intent extras.
Bundle extras = new Bundle();
extras.putString("key", "value");
The certificate chain is serialized as follows.
Parcelable[] certificateChain;
Bundle certficate = new Bundle();
certificate.putByteArray("certificate", certificateByteArray[i]);
certificateChain[i] = certificate;
extras.putParcelableArray("certificateChain", certificateChain);
"Is ready to pay" response
boolean readyToPay- Whether the payment app is ready to pay.
The response is sent back via the
handleIsReadyToPay(isReadyToPay) method.
A web browser invokes the payment app via an Android intent with payment request
information in the intent parameters. The payment app responds with
details, which are payment app specific and are opaque to the browser.
The browser converts the
details string into a JavaScript object for merchant
website via JSON deserialization, but does not enforce any validity beyond that.
The browser does not modify the
details; that parameter's value goes directly
to the merchant website.
Payment parameters
ArrayList<String> methodNames- The names of the methods being used. The elements are the keys in the
methodDatadictionary, and indicate the methods that the payment app supports.
Bundle[String] methodData- A mapping from each
methodNameto the output of
String merchantName- The contents of the
<title>HTML tag of the top-level browsing context on the checkout web page.
String topLevelOrigin- The schemeless origin of the top-level browsing context. For example,
https://mystore.com/checkoutis passed as
Parcelable[] topLevelCertificateChain- The certificate chain of the top-level browsing context. Null for localhost and files on disk, which are both secure contexts without SSL certificates. Each
Parcelableis a
Bundlewith a
certificatekey and a byte array value.
String paymentRequestOrigin- The schemeless origin of the iframe browsing context that invoked the
new PaymentRequest(methodData, details, options)constructor. If the constructor was invoked from top-level context, then the value of this parameter equals the value of
String total- The output of
String modifiers- The output of
), where
details.modifierscontain only
String paymentRequestId- The
PaymentRequest.idfield that "push-payment" apps should associate with transaction state. Merchant websites will use this field to query the "push-payment" apps for the state of transaction out of band.
Not all browsers can determine the values for all parameters. Therefore, the payment app should check for existence of the parameters before attempting to access them.
These parameters are sent to the payment app using intent extras.
Bundle extras = new Bundle();
extras.putString("key", "value");
If the browser determines that the certificate is invalid, then
PaymentRequest.show() should not invoke payment apps. Even if the user
bypasses the browser's interstitial warning about the site, the Payment Request
API is still available for manual data entry but not for quick and painless
payments. Therefore, only a valid certificate chain will be sent to the payment
app, after the browser has resolved it to its root.
Payment response
int success- The activity result of either
RESULT_CANCELED, depending on whether the payment app was able to complete its part of the transaction successfully. For example,
successcan be
RESULT_CANCELEDif the user fails to enter the correct PIN code for their account in the payment app.
String methodName- The name of the method being used.
String details- A JSON string containing information necessary for the merchant website to complete the transaction. If success is
true, then
detailsmust be constructed in such a way that
JSON.parse(details)will succeed.
The response is sent back via
Activity.setResult() method.
Intent result = new Intent();
Bundle extras = new Bundle();
extras.putString("key", "value");
setResult(RESULT_OK, result); // Change to RESULT_CANCELED on failure.
finish(); // Close the payment activity.
If the payment app returns
RESULT_CANCELED, then the browser may let the user
choose a different payment app. The merchant website does not observe this, so
there's no need for detailed error codes to be sent from the payment app to the
merchant website.
'Payment app returned invalid response. Missing field "details".' 'Payment app returned invalid response. Missing field "methodName".'
This section describes in detail the steps of algorithms that determine the list of possible Android payment apps on the user device.
Basic process
- The merchant website provides a list of payment methods in the
- The browser finds the locally installed Android payment apps that claim support for the given payment methods.
- The browser downloads and validates the payment method manifests and the web app manifests for the default applications of the payment method manifests.
- The browser shows the apps that match the information in these web app manifests.
- The browser checks for
*in the
supported_originsof the payment method manifests. If found, the browser shows all matching apps.
- The browser downloads and validates the default payment method manifests and the default web app manifests for the installed Android payment apps.
- The browser shows the apps that match the information in these web app manifests.
See authoritative specification in Ingesting payment method manifests.
Find payment apps
This algorithm queries locally installed Android apps for possible payment apps.
It runs when
is called.
- Let
appsbe an empty list of payment apps.
- If
PaymentMethodData.supportedMethodscontains the string
"basic-card", then query all apps that can respond to
org.chromium.intent.action.PAYaction and have
<meta-data>. Add these apps to the
- Let
urlPaymentMethodsbe the subset of
PaymentMethodData.supportedMethodsthat are valid, absolute URLs with HTTPS scheme.
- Query all apps that can respond to the
org.chromium.intent.action.PAYaction with any of the
<meta-data>. Add these apps to the
Remove all apps from the
appslist that have an empty label.
ResolveInfo app; // Needs to be assigned. boolean isLabelEmpty = !TextUtils.isEmpty(app.loadLabel( getContext().getPackageManager()));
Return the
Download payment method manifests
See the authoritative specification at Fetching payment method manifests.
Validate payment method manifest
See the authoritative specification at Validating and parsing payment method manifests.
Download web app manifest
See the authoritative specification at Fetching web app manifests.
Validate web app manifest
The algorithm operates on the contents downloaded in the Download web app
algorithm and returns
true for a valid manifest. Here's an example of the file
to be parsed.
"related_applications": [{
"platform": "play",
"id": "com.bobpay.app",
"min_version": "1",
"fingerprints": [{
"type": "sha256_cert",
"value": "92:5A:39:05:C5:B9:EA:BC:71:48:5F:F2"
- Let
manifestbe the output of JSON-parsing the downloaded manifest data, which was decoded as UTF-8.
- If JSON-parsing fails, then return
- If
manifestis not a dictionary, then return
- If
manifestdoes not have
"related_applications"member that is a non-empty list of dictionaries with at least one
"platform": "play", then return
- For every dictionary in
"platform": "play":
- If
"id"is absent, is not a string, or is an empty string, return
- If
"min_version"is absent, is not a string, or cannot be parsed into an integer, then return
- If
"fingerprints"is absent, or is not a list, or is an empty list, return
- For every item in the
- If the
"type"is not
"sha256_cert", then return
- If the
"value"is not a string of 32 colon-separated, upper-case hex digits, return
- If the
- If
- Return
Validate payment apps against web app manifests
This algorithm returns true if a payment app is allowed to handle payment method, according to a web app manifest.
- Let
appbe an Android payment app for a
paymentMethodUrlwith a list of downloaded and validated
"platform": "play"from validate web app manifest algorithm).
- For each section in
relatedApplications, if each of the following conditions is met, return
apppackage name.
"min_version"is greater than or equal to
- The sorted list of the values in
"fingerprints"equals the sorted list of the SHA256 hash of the certificates of the
- Return
See authoritative specification in Manifest format.
The manifests are machine readable files that reside on a server owned by the
payment app developer. The locations of these files are derived from the payment
method names. For example, if the payment method is called
then the payment method manifest may be located at
https://bobpay.com/payment-method-manifest.json and a corresponding web app
manifest may be located at
https://bobpay.com/bobpay-app.json. These files
describe the Android apps that are allowed to handle payments for the given
payment method.
Here is an example payment method manifest that would be found at
{"default_applications": ["https://bobpay.com/bobpay-app.json"]}
An example web app manifest that would be found at
"related_applications": [{
"platform": "play",
"id": "com.bobpay.app",
"min_version": "1",
"fingerprints": [{
"type": "sha256_cert",
"value": "92:5A:39:05:C5:B9:EA:BC:71:48:5F:F2"
"url": "https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bobpay.app"
This fingerprint format is inspired by Digital Asset Links. The file format is an extension of Web App Manifest, and allows for multiple payment apps, multiple versions of the same app, and multiple operating systems. The Android operating system has had support for Digital Asset Links since Marshmallow, but web browsers also need to support older versions of Android, so the built-in functionality found in the operating system is not useful.
All of the fingerprints in
"fingerprints" should match all of the fingerprints
in an installed app. To enable multiple versions of the same app with different
fingerprints, list each version separately under
"min_version" parameter is the minimum version of the payment app that can
be used.
To allow unrestricted use of a payment method identifier, specify
"supported_origins": "*" in the payment method manifest.
"min_version", and
"fingerprints" values are required. The "id"
value should be non-empty. The
"fingerprints" list must be non-empty, and
each dictionary in the list must have both
"type" and
"value". The order of
the items in
"fingerprints" is not important. Only the
fingerprint type is supported.
The values of
"fingerprints" can be computed as follows.
PackageInfo packageInfo = ...
MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256")
byte[] digest = md.digest();
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(digest.length * 3);
Formatter formatter = new Formatter(builder);
for (byte b : digest) {
formatter.format(":%02X", b);
// Cut off the first ":".
return builder.substring(1);
Add this in
AndroidManifest.xml for the payment app.
<manifest package="com.bobpay.app">
<service android:name=".IsReadyToPayService"
<action android:name="org.chromium.intent.action.IS_READY_TO_PAY" />
<activity android:name=".PaymentActivity"
<action android:name="org.chromium.intent.action.PAY" />
<meta-data android:name="org.chromium.default_payment_method_name"
android:value="https://bobpay.com/put/optional/path/here" />
Recall that the
"IS_READY_TO_PAY" service is optional. If there's no such
intent handler in the payment app, then the web browser assumes that the app can
always make payments.
The activity with the
"PAY" intent filter should have a
<meta-data> tag that
identifies the default payment method name for the app.
There should be at most one activity that handles
"org.chromium.intent.action.PAY" and at most one service that handles
"org.chromium.intent.action.IS_READY_TO_PAY". These are invoked regardless of
the payment method.
To support multiple payment methods, add a
<meta-data> tag with a
<string-array> resource.
<manifest package="com.bobpay.app">
<service android:name=".IsReadyToPayService"
<action android:name="org.chromium.intent.action.IS_READY_TO_PAY" />
<activity android:name=".PaymentActivity"
<action android:name="org.chromium.intent.action.PAY" />
<meta-data android:name="org.chromium.default_payment_method_name"
android:value="https://bobpay.com/put/optional/path/here" />
<meta-data android:name="org.chromium.payment_method_names"
android:resource="@array/my_payment_method_names" />
All prefixes are
"org.chromium", because the W3C is not involved in Chromium's
Android-specific APIs.
resource must be a list of strings, each of which must be a valid,
absolute URL with an HTTPS scheme as shown here.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<string-array name="my_payment_method_names">
Any payment app can support
"basic-card" payment
method. This payment method
does not require a payment app manifest. Chrome does not perform signature
verification of a payment app that supports only
"basic-card". To enable
support for this payment method, add the following to the
file of the payment app.
<manifest package="com.bobpay.app">
<service android:name=".IsReadyToPayService"
<action android:name="org.chromium.intent.action.IS_READY_TO_PAY" />
<activity android:name=".PaymentActivity"
<action android:name="org.chromium.intent.action.PAY" />
<meta-data android:name="org.chromium.default_payment_method_name"
android:value="basic-card" />
"basic-card" can be one of the multiple supported payment
methods through the use of a
<resources> file.
IS_READY_TO_PAY is a one-time communication that takes place without
invoking the payment app's user interface.
fits this paradigm well, but
Messenger.sendingUid is available only in newer
versions of Android, and the alternative call
Binder.getCallingUid() is not
reliable in Messenger. The solution is to use an Android Interface Definition
Language (AIDL).
package org.chromium;
interface IsReadyToPayServiceCallback {
oneway void handleIsReadyToPay(boolean isReadyToPay);
Save this in
org/chromium/IsReadyToPayServiceCallback.aidl in your project.
The callback is used to enable asynchronous querying.
package org.chromium;
import org.chromium.IsReadyToPayServiceCallback;
interface IsReadyToPayService {
oneway void isReadyToPay(IsReadyToPayServiceCallback callback);
Save this in
org/chromium/IsReadyToPayService.aidl in your project. The
oneway keyword is
necessary to avoid blocking on the call. If querying takes more than 400 ms, the
call times out and behaves as if
callback.handleIsReadyToPay(false); is
called. Responding to the
"IS_READY_TO_PAY" intent works as follows.
import org.chromium.IsReadyToPayService;
import org.chromium.IsReadyToPayServiceCallback;
public class IsReadyToPayServiceImpl extends Service {
private final IsReadyToPayService.Stub mBinder =
new IsReadyToPayService.Stub() {
public void isReadyToPay(IsReadyToPayServiceCallback callback) {
// Check permission here.
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return mBinder;
IS_READY_TO_PAY intent
The permission check can be accomplished by checking
onBind() method in a
Service is called only once during the lifetime of
Service. If multiple apps connect to the
Service while it's alive, they
will all get the same instance. This means that multiple apps may be talking to
same instance of the payment app's
IsReadyToPayService. Therefore, permission
check must happen inside of
isReadyToPay() call.
PackageManager pm = getPackageManager();
Signature[] callerSignatures = pm.getPackageInfo(
PAY intent
Android intents do not receive a
Message. Therefore, there's no
to get the name of the package. A payment app should use
Activity.getCallingActivity().getPackageName() for signature verification in
"PAY" intent .
Signature[] callerSignatures = getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(
Beware that
getCallingActivity() is not guaranteed to return an object. Check
for null before using its result.
It makes good sense that native Android payment app support should be available in Android web browsers, because browsers cannot be expected to support every possible payment app SDK. Thus the method described here allows any Android payment app to work with any Android web browser, giving users more flexibility in making payments.


text:
Watch "Fareed Zakaria GPS," Sundays at 10 a.m. and 1 p.m. ET on CNN
By Fareed Zakaria
For those of you tired of the coverage of Malaysian Airlines Flight 370, I want you to try an experiment.
When you're with a group of friends – whose eyes might roll over when you even bring up the issue – ask them what they think happened to the plane. Very quickly you will find yourselves in the midst of a lively discussion – with many, different, competing theories, each plausible, each with holes.
The plane was hijacked, someone will say. But then why were there no demands? It was an accident, someone else will say. But then why were there no distress signals? This mystery of what actually happened is at the heart of the fascination with this story. And the mystery has now morphed into an ever increasing number of conspiracy theories about what actually happened that fateful day last month when the aircraft disappeared.
There are YouTube clips suggesting that aliens are involved, blog posts accusing the Iranians of hijacking the plane, and many who believe that the passengers and crew are still alive, perhaps on an island somewhere – like in the television show "Lost".
I was thinking about some of these theories the other day as I was looking at a new book by Harvard law professor and former Obama official, Cass Sunstein. It's titled, Conspiracy Theories – and Other Dangerous Ideas. The lead essay in the book explains why conspiracy theories spread – and Flight 370 is a perfect example of his logic. Sunstein treats conspiracy theories seriously, by which I mean he doesn't assume that people are crazy to believe them.
In fact, he argues that so many people in so many countries believe such theories that we need to understand why and how.
A key condition that helps fuel conspiracy theories is a lack of information. When information is scarce, conspiracies abound. And we don't actually know a lot of things about what happened to that plane.
Now, the trend is heightened where there is distrust of politics, politicians, and people in authority. One can see that in somewhat opaque political systems like Malaysia and China. But one can also see that in the United States, a country famously distrustful of its government.
Sunstein points out that when a triggering event produces intense feelings and emotions, people – in a state of fear or rage – find it easier to believe in far-fetched ideas. An assassination like that of John F. Kennedy, a terrorist attack like 9/11, or an airline crash all tend to produce high emotions and a search for something or someone on which to put the blame.
Group-think also takes over. When the people who are affected or interested tend to gather, talk to one and other, and communicate in isolation, their convictions tend to get hardened. So, if everyone you talk to – and listen to and watch – believes that President Obama is hiding his birth certificate, you get even more sure about this secret plot over time.
But the most important, overriding reason, suggests Sunstein, is that we human beings don't like to believe that things happen for arbitrary reasons. We search for a pattern and, if we see one, no matter how implausible, we prefer that to the idea of randomness.
Sunstein points out that the philosopher Karl Popper said that human beings like to believe in intention – that an event is caused by specific human intention and action. So we exaggerate the competence of people or governments or big banks because someone must have directed things.
Now, sometimes there are conspiracies.
But my own sense of the world is that things often happen because of mistakes, bad information and unintended consequences. Or as Hanlon's Law puts it: never attribute to malice what can be better explained by incompetence.
Perhaps the biggest driver of events is something truly mysterious – chance. Things go well or badly because of luck – sometimes good luck, sometimes bad luck – much more than we would like to admit. And the combination of chance, ignorance, and incompetence often produces something that looks like a mystery and feels like a conspiracy.
Conspiracy theory is great at explaining the past. The only thing that prevents it from becoming the real officially recognized theory is that it is has never successfully used to predict the future. Anybody knowing anything about theories would know that!
it all makes sense now mr. Zakaria! just like your past thoughts on marijuana in compare to lastest "present" materials... Conspirasy Theorys emarge when people start to use logic and think on their own (right side of the brain) not stting in their houses (whitch they bought on credit from big banks ) and watching tv all day (where they are fed with that load of BS!!!!!!)
thank you
maybe thats why it became a conspiracy because it was an arbitrary random reason by somebody in control that day.....
Never attribute to evil what can be explained by stupidity (especially when CNN is involved).
Well Ukrainian government is now attacking separatist rebels that swear allegiance to Russia. How will the Tsar respond I have little wonder.
Now we see the true faces of many world leaders very soon, for the Game of Thrones is on once again.
Don't do WW3 mighty globalist factions whom are merely factions within factions. Just let's keep peaceful and prosper under the Lord, by making things good and governing eachother and earth correctly, or at least turning this ship around from where its going.
Where's those atomic doomsday clock conspiracy theoriests and where we at on the clock? We at 3 mintues? 4 minutes? However many minutes it takes to travel where and when I suppose?
How can you allow John Friedman to go on Natl.TV and tell everyone that he would be HAPPY if Putin turned off the gas to Europe. Is that what you and your liberal fried advocate, HARDSHIP.
Conspiracy theories spread because the facts given in the case to the PUBLIC just DONT add up . SO people have these wild ideas that some type of cover-up is afoot . Like the fact the Airplane that slammed into the Pentagon on 9-11 could do so without a single frame of surveillance video of the tragic event . The Pentagon being one of the most secure building in the world has hundreds of video surveillance cameras on the building it's self .. Yet NOT a one captured the image of a huge 757 aircraft slamming into the side of the building that fateful day .. You know stuff like that is just the kind of fodder for Theorists to just grab a hold of .. It makes no sense it's highly unlikely and any rational person would know they ARE BEING LIED TO for some covert reason ...SO flight 370 is the same type of deal .. the Transponder was purposely turned off a new Flight Plan was entered into the onboard computer and there is no surface wreckage of the aircraft not so much as a seat cushion and what's more Search and Rescue waited until the Black Box's were almost expired to begin there PING search . Yet no one has a clue what happened to the aircraft . I for one just don't buy it ... I do believe that we are being told some real lousy cover story and the plane is indeed intact and on the ground somewhere and was hijacked for a specific purpose to fulfill a specific role in a very well thought out terrorist exercise and or plot .. Most terrorist organizations do things to be NOTICED and gain more recruits so they can justify the murder of more of there own people ...It's a sick business model but it they seem to work that way . Terrorist make STATEMENTS and kill allot of innocent people in the process , that is what they do ...So far not a peep from any Terrorist Organizations .. concerning flight 370 and that is in it's self concerning ... because it means the loss of the flight was not a end unto it's self ...We have not heard the last of flight 370....I hope I am wrong ...I prey I am wrong ..but hey we all know these bad guys ...There crazy ..Nutz ...and what's more we have no idea what's going on
"....But my own sense of the world is that things often happen because of mistakes, bad information and unintended consequences. Or as Hanlon's Law puts it: never attribute to malice what can be better explained by incompetence..."
Did you just explain 9/11 for yourself?
"...Sunstein wants conspiracy advocates neutralized, using "independent groups to supply rebuttals, and by cognitive infiltration designed to break up the crippled epistemology of conspiracy-minded groups and informationally isolated social networks." In other words, destroy them by conspiring against them from within, using illegal and extralegal tactics...."
Why we believe conspiracy theories
Simple,,,,, They are like a good book or great movie that you only got to see half of...... A good theory will stimulate the mind to draw out it own "ending"
flight 370 conspiracy – the answers are not in the black box! http://studios.amazon.com/users/122885?ref_tag=twitter #User via @Amazon_Studios
We all have different thresholds for what can be explained as coincidences. Many people cannot face the thought of a media and government who lie about big events and then cling to the reasoning of coincidences. This will satisfy them....others demand evidence and reject multiple coincidences occurring regarding that event. Those of us who do not believe the coincidences and seek evidence must be mentally ill. FREEDOM FRIES.
Go local/community. Small farmers have made a comeback outside of commercial agriculture by appealing to customers who want to know where their food is grown; there are many clothing buyers who similarly want to know their clothing is made in a sustainable, just way. Local farmers also earn guaranteed income through CSAs where customers provide a certain amount of funding in return for a certain amount of product. Why couldn a clothing producer do the same?
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Or rather, perhaps we should say officially "heat up" for this election season, because the jockeying has been going on now for several years.
A source told us this week that the Queens County leadership-backed candidate for district leader in the 28th Assembly District is in real danger of being bounced from the ballot for, what else, issues with petition signatures. That would leave Bart Haggerty - who along with his brother John has long been trying to wrest control of the party from chairman Phil Ragusa and his supporters - running unopposed.
In fact, our source also told us that the county leadership-backed candidate in the 30th Assembly District is also experiencing petition troubles, and might have to fight to stay on the ballot as well.
Why is this important, you might be asking yourself? Good question. (We're not even sure if we know!)
It's important because the district leaders are the folks who will elect a new chairman - a vote that will happen later this year. If Haggerty is elected the new district leader, not only is it one less vote for Ragusa, but it also calls into question the influence of the county leadership when they can't even stop their biggest critic from becoming district leader.
And they know this, too.
About one month ago, we received a flyer in the mail from a group calling itself the Queens County Victory Fund, which we have been told is a group working on behalf of the current leadership of the Queens County Republican Party.
It urged voters in the 28th AD to refuse to sign any petition to get Bart Haggerty on the ballot. That's a pretty bold step over a district leadership position, which most voters probably don't know even exists or what responsibilities come with such a lofty title.
In fact, we haven't seen this much public wrangling over a district leader position since the contentious elections last year in Brooklyn.
Back to the mailing. On the reverse side, there are details about John Haggerty's – Bart's brother - indictment for allegedly stealing $1.1 million from Mayor Michael Bloomberg by creating a shady poll-watching operation.
He is accused of using the money to buy a house in a tony section of Forest Hills. The mailer further alleges that some of the money - $102,000 to be exact - was funneled to Bart.
But if the party can't even get a candidate on the ballot to oppose Bart Haggerty, no number of negative mailers are going to stop him from being elected. This should be an exciting rest of the year for the Queens County Republican Party.


text:
Discussion Starter • #1 •
BMW Group and Toyota Motor Corporation agree to further strengthen collaboration
Exciting news. My only gripe with that press release is that, BMW's never built anything like the LFA, and Toyota does indeed have experience in developing sports cars (Celica, Supra, MR2, 86, IS F...). Looking forward to the car.Tokyo/Munich. Akio Toyoda, President of Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC), met today with Norbert Reithofer, Chairman of the Board of Management of BMW AG, at BMW Group headquarters in Munich to announce the planned expansion of their existing cooperation initiated in December last year. The two companies signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) aimed at long-term strategic collaboration in four fields: joint development of a fuel cell system, joint development of architecture and components for a future sports vehicle, collaboration on powertrain electrification and joint research and development on lightweight technologies.
Also today, Norbert Reithofer and Akio Toyoda of TMC both signed a Joint Statement to reconfirm their companies' shared intention to strengthen the long-term, strategic collaboration between them.
Reithofer said: "We aim to further strengthen our competitive position in sustainable future technologies. We signed an MoU to this effect today. Toyota and the BMW Group share the same strategic vision of sustainable individual future mobility. Together we have a great opportunity to continue leading our industry through this transformation."
Toyoda added: "BMW and Toyota both want to make ever-better cars. We respect each other. And I think this is shown by our taking the next step only six months since the signing of our initial agreement. Toyota is strong in environment-friendly hybrids and fuel cells. On the other hand, I believe BMW's strength is in developing sports cars. I am excited to think of the cars that will result from this relationship."
In March 2012, the BMW Group and TMC signed a binding agreement on collaborative research in the field of next-generation lithium-ion battery cells. In addition, the BMW Group and Toyota Motor Europe entered into a contract under which the BMW Group will supply highly-efficient 1.6 litre and 2.0 litre diesel engines to Toyota Motor Europe, starting in 2014.
Today's MoU represents the companies' agreement in December last year to identify and discuss other possible collaborative projects.


text:
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text:
Heroic Fantasy Quarterly Issue 13 went live July 1. This is our 3rd anniversary issue — hard to believe! And equally hard work, at times, but the joy of discovering cool stories, poems, and art makes it all worthwhile. Big thanks to William Ledbetter for joining the team a year or so ago, and to Jim Lecky for throwing in for a stint before William. And of course big thanks to all our contributors over the years. (Is HFQ too young for me to use that verbiage — over the years?)
Here's a snippet from Issue 13's editorial, including content:
Even as the rumble of the Oklahoma City Thunder fades, Heroic Fantasy Quarterly keeps the adrenaline going with Issue 13. This is our three-year anniversary issue — an eternity on the internet! Coincidentally, tales by two of this quarter's fictioneers mark their third publications at HFQ. Weird. But in a good way. In this issue we're also proud to present poetry by a Texan and an Oklahoman — a veritable Red River Rivalry of speculative poetry!
We get year four off to a strong start with a full complement of material:
Fiction Contents:
A GAME OF CHESS, by David Pilling
Two-time HFQ alum David Pilling is back with his third remarkable tale, in which the most disabused knight of the Round Table has to do some heavy heroic lifting to save his hotheaded companion. We got your en passant right here!
RENEGADE, by Alex Marshall
Also returning for a third round is Alex Marshall with a tale of adventure, action, and a last shot (pun intended, you mixed-techies) at redemption in his far-future world of Pangaia.
DANCE UPON SAND, by Seamus Bayne
We enjoyed last issue's CROWN OF SORROWS so much that we had to have more adventures of the now less-than-human Ordwin. If you missed this tale's forbear, check it out here.
Poetry Contents:
ADVICE ON THE SLAYING OF WURMS, by Michelle Muenzler
No ordinary creatures, no ordinary rules.
ADVENT OF AN APOCALYPSE, by Bethany Powell
Bethany Powell is back at HFQ with another great piece. You think your work is never done? Try escorting fallen warriors to the afterlife . . .
Jonas Jakobsson's Watched by Owls graces our banner in Issue 13. Many thanks, Jonas — love your work! If you want to check out more of his art, you can find him at Deviant Art, here.
To read the rest of the editorial and for live links, click here.
Thanks for stopping by!


text:
At least 11 people were killed in a crash involving a truck and a van in Kentucky Friday, an NBC station reported.
The accident happened on I-65 near Cave City, north of Bowling Green, at about 5:17 a.m. central time on the northbound lane.
A department of transportation official said a southbound semi-truck crossed the median and crashed head-on into an 18-passenger van, NBC station LEX 18 reported.
U.S. & World
The driver of the semi was killed, along with multiple passengers in the van, the news service said. Other passengers in the van were transported to the hospital.
LEX 18 said the passengers in the van were Mennonites.
It added that coroners from other counties are on the way to the scene to assist the Hart County Coroner.
Please check back for details on this breaking news story.


text:
The Students Advisory Services is currently collecting data about the Career Outcome of Graduates 2014. Kindly visit this site at a later date to view the results.
The Student Advisory Services has launched its Findyourcourse Webapplication to be used as a guidance tool by prospective University applicants. Note that this tool is applicable for those applicants who have completed their Matriculation Certificate and wish to apply for University. CLICK HERE TO LAUNCH THE WEBAPP
The Course finder is a Facility that enables prospective and current students to view a full description of the Areas of study interested. This includes the Course overview, course requirements as well as a detailed programme of study.
Click HERE to access the Course Finder.


text:
As was widely expected, Fire defender Austin Berry was named as a finalist for 2012 MLS Rookie of the Year Thursday along with former Louisville teammate and D.C. United midfielder Nick DeLeon and Vancouver Whitecaps forward Darren Mattocks.
Austin becomes the first Fire player since Chris Rolfe in 2005 to be a finalist for the award and sixth for the club all-time. Here's a breakdown of the rookie seasons the others had…
Josh Wolff (1998) – As a member of Nike Project 40 (the precursor to Generation adidas), Wolff (right)played only part-time with the Fire appearing starting just four of his 14 appearances. It didn't keep him from tying for the then rookie goal scoring record with Jeff Cunningham, tallying eight goals and three assists en route to helping the team to the 1998 MLS Cup double.
In a strange twist of fate, Wolff was a finalist with future Chicago Fire player Andy Williams (Columbus) and his future boss Ben Olsen (D.C. United). Olsen would go on to win the award and ironically enough Wolff serves as a player/assistant coach under him at the moment…
Carlos Bocanegra (2000) – Left on the bench as the team went 1-3-0 through their first four matches, Bocanegra was used in 27 of the team's remaining 28 matches, helping the team to the Central Division title and a tie for the most points in MLS that season. Boca would also help the Fire to the MLS Cup final where they dropped a 1-0 result to Kansas City but would have to miss playing in that year's U.S. Open Cup final win after being sent off in the semi-final against LA.
In the only all-defensive Rookie of the Year finalist class in MLS' 17 year history, Bocanegra went up against former UCLA teammate Danny Califf (LA Galaxy) and Kansas City's Nick Garcia. Though he tallied just a goal and two assists on the campaign, Bocanegra's play outshined the others as he became the first Fire player to win the Rookie of the Year award.
Kelly Gray (2002) – The fifth overall pick for the Fire in the 2002 MLS SuperDraft, Kelly Gray played mostly as a winger during his first season in Chicago. The University of Portland product would go on to tally two goals and five assists across 27 of the team's 28 matches to cap a strong rookie season.
Gray would go up against other finalists in midfielders Kyle Martino (Columbus) and Brad Davis (MetroStars) and though he and Martino shared the exact same number of goals and assists, the Crew midfielder likely won because he achieved his numbers in less matches played (22 to 27)…
Damani Ralph (2003) – Though he wasn't even the first forward the Fire would select in 2003, future Jamaican international Damani Ralph set the highest bar for MLS rookies by tallying 11 goals and six assists en route to helping the Fire to the club's first and only Supporter's Shield as well as a trip back to MLS Cup and scoring the game-winner to clinch that year's U.S. Open Cup.
Teaming with Ante Razov after the departure of Josh Wolff in the offseason, the pair didn't skip a beat, combining for 25 of the team's 53 goals and contributing 12 assists.
Ralph went up against New England attacker Pat Noonan and MetroStars holding midfielder Ricardo Clark for the award. Though Noonan had near identical stats to Ralph (10 goals, 7 assists), the Fire forward made bigger contributions in helping his side to the regular season title and deservedly earned the award.
Chris Rolfe (2005) – One of the lowest drafted Rookie of the Year finalists in league history, Rolfe picked up the load left in the wake of Damani Ralph and Ante Razov's exit and surprised many by leading the team in goals with eight, adding five assists in the process.
The club's future second all-time leading goal scorer's competition would be Kansas City forward Scott Sealy (nine goals, two assists) and New England defender Michael Parkhurst. Though he didn't have the stats, Parkhurst appeared in all of the Revolution's 32 regular season matches and was long the consensus favorite to win the award.
Austin Berry (2012) – Since making his first Fire appearance back on May 4, defender Austin Berry would go on to play in 28 consecutive regular season matches, tallying three goals in the process. It was in that 2-1 win over Chivas where Berry showed his resolve, conceding a penalty early on only to score minutes later. With that goal, he became just the eighth player in club history to tally in his first Fire appearance.
On the defensive end, Austin formed a solid partnership in the middle of defense with Arne Friedrich, helping the Fire tie for the second best defensive record in the league.
Berry is the only defender among the finalists, joining D.C. United's Nick DeLeon and Vancouver's Darren Mattocks. DeLeon tallied six goals and four assists in a season where his form certainly dipped midway while some of Mattocks' seven were highlight reel strikes but the Jamaican international disappeared in the second half of the season.
Based on play throughout the 2012 regular season, Berry should be the winner but the voters are fickle… We'll find out on Monday.


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