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Mecklenburg County (North Carolina)
Mecklenburg County is in the Piedmont of North Carolina, it's population stands a shade under 900,000. The county seat, and largest city is Charlotte.
It's not uncommon to hear the phrase "Char-Meck" when refering to the area.
Charlotte has several smaller townships within it's sphere of influence.
The dominant language is English, although some Spanish would not hurt. Charlotte also has a high Vietnamese population.
See[edit][add listing]
Nature lovers will like Charlotte. The area, unlike most cities is very (with the stress on VERY) green.
Charlotte's central location is nice, you aren't too far from the mountains or beach. The closest (large) bodies of water and waterways are:
James K. Polk birthplace in modernday Pineville, South Mecklenburg.
Eat[edit][add listing]
Charlotte has many restaurants located in all parts of the city. Charlotte is very much a Carolina city, despite its outside influence, so try the barbeque. The specific kinds of restaurants you encounter will depend on what part of the county you're in. Central Charlotte is full of upscale bistros and pubs, whereas the areas around the interstates are full of fast-food and chain restaurants. If you're near a large body of water (Lake Norman or the Catawba River), expect to see more seafood restaurants. Also, older parts of the city (especially the historic inner suburbs) are full of "local flavor" restaurants which usually feature plenty of fried foods.
Drink[edit][add listing]
A local favorite is Cheerwine soft drink, you should give it a try. Other favorites include Sun Drop and RC Cola. As for beer, Char-Meck is nothing out of the ordinary. Liquor is available by the drink throughout the county, though some nearby small towns have wrestled with whether to permit it.
Be aware that liquor is only available through state-sanctioned "ABC" (Alcoholic Beverage Commission) stores. Therefore, traditional "liquor stores" do not exist. Wine and beer are available for purchase at any gas station or grocery store.
Southern Comfort rules apply. Though Mecklenburg County has grown rapidly and taken in many thousands of "transplants" from other parts of the nation, it is still relatively slow-paced and polite compared to many other urban areas. This is particularly the case in smaller towns like Matthews, Pineville and Huntersville.
BE WARNED: Locals have a good relationship with newcomers (they have little choice), but they do not like being perceived as "hicks" or "bumpkins". An extremely common complaint is that outsiders tend to compare the area unfavorably to other towns, which may unintentionally come across as condescending or rude. If you compare Charlotte (or its surrounding areas) to your hometown, be careful to do so graciously so as to avoid this impression.
Stay Safe[edit]
Charlotte's crime rate is nothing to smile about, but you're unlikely to experience trouble.
Stay Healthy[edit]
Allergy sufferers be warned, because of its natural beauty Charlotte and it's surrounding areas will be hell on you during the spring. If you are sensitive to high pollen levels, you should consider coming another time, or bring meds.
Char-Meck does not have a high HIV rate.
Get out[edit]


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This call wad a scam, 2020-05-29 02:51:00
Number: 0800 0663714
Call type: Scam
Rating: -5
Teying to get payment from me that is not owed. A con
Tired mum, 2020-05-28 23:41:07
Number: 0151 4753591
Call type: Harassment
Rating: -3
Sounded like an absolute moron messing around on the phone
Angry seller, 2020-05-28 19:25:59
Number: 07889 928965
Call type: Scam
Rating: -5
Deliberate time waster avoid
User, 2020-05-28 19:03:37
Number: 01485 020402
Call type: Unknown
Rating: -2
Randomly calls people, didn't answer. Will update as I go along - User
Susan, 2020-05-28 17:55:56
Number: 0151 3293803
Call type: Unknown
Rating: 0
My dad received a call from 01513293803, even though he didn't answer...i've tried to call this number back from the work phone and the line is just dead! I've put caller 'unknown' but it must be a scam of sorts??
mn nbvgh, 2020-05-28 15:55:06
Number: 01730 834035
Call type: Scam
Rating: -2
Number: 01204 456245
Call type: Scam
Rating: -5
HMRC calling me about an arrest warrant could be opened unless I press 1 - don't think so matey! You haven't got a clue how a Tax Office operates in the UK! Twat.
No name, 2020-05-28 15:16:06
Number: 07414 005709
Call type: Scam
Rating: -5
Says he is from Carphone warehouse but calls me from a mobile number and hung up when i started to question.
Don, 2020-05-28 14:48:18
Number: 07894 312427
Call type: Unknown
Rating: 0
pretends to be from I Tunes
do not respond
His name is Paul he is a scammer, 2020-05-28 14:07:49
Number: 07944 948412
Call type: Scam
Rating: -5
He said he works for google ads and wants £150 to advertise on my behalf every month. I explained my £50 a month with google makes me enough work and he got aggressive and hung up

subset: commoncrawl


text:
aveliasson necesitaba un nuevo diseño de otro y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 59 diseños de 11 diseñadores freelance.
phpFox is a Social Networking Script that allows people to create their own networks; with modules such as gallery, forums, polls, groups and classified listings. Much of the features are alike MySpace.com and Facebook.com.
Our audience is everyone. We do not have a specific target audience.
Most of our customers are from the United States and Europe.
Please view attached image.
We are interested in having a vague fox tail on the banner(where it says "Start tomorrow's next big thing today!"). We want to be able to add the text manually on top of the banner, so the fox tail has to be more of a discreet background, it should be the same color as now but just a little lighter to signify a difference.
We also need 6 icons, where you can see the icons - at the bottom left on the image. The icons are not to have any background, just like the ones at http://www.invisionpower.com/products/board/ (under New in IP.Board 3) We want the icons to relate to each title and they are:
1. Activity feed(the feature works like the one you see in facebook.com)
2. User Group Manager(different memberships that the customer can create and manage)
3. Ad Manager(a system where the client can create/add ads/banner anywhere to their site
4. Content Management System(CMS)
5. SEO friendly URLs
6. Profile Drag&Drop(the feature works like the one you can see in myspace.com, when a member customizes their profile).
The color of the icons does not need to be blue.
Let me know if you have any questions! Look forward seeing your designs!


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Move at the speed of life.Now there's a notebook PC made for the way you play. In fact, the HP Pavilion dv5 Entertainment series comes withsoftware that lets you start playing right out of the box. With amazing graphics, audio, and video, plus a wide array of options, the HP Pavilion dv5 notebook delivers power and performance when you're on the go.
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POINTING DEVICEHP Clickpad with On/Off button
EXTERNAL NOTEBOOK PORTS3 Universal Serial Bus (USB) 2.0, 3rd port shared with eSATA1 HDMI1 VGA (15-pin)1 RJ -45 (LAN)1 Headphone-out1 Microphone-in
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INTERNET SOLUTIONSHP SetupISP Partners (in HP Setup)HP Wireless AssistantWindows Live MessengerWindows Live MailNorton Online Back-UpBing ToolbarMicrosoft PortalAccellor (Broadband Aggregator in HP Setup)


text:
The researchers found that adults aged 59 to 81 took significantly longer than college students to cross a simulated street while talking on a mobile phone, and their heightened cautiousness in initiating crossing did nothing to improve their safety. Older adults on cell phones also were more likely to fail to cross in the time allotted for the task.
The findings, from researchers at the University of Illinois, appear in the journal Psychology and Aging.
In the study, 18 undergraduate students (aged 18 to 26 years) and 18 older adults crossed simulated streets of varying difficulty while either undistracted, listening to music or conversing on a hands-free cell phone. The older adults were significantly impaired on the most challenging street-crossing tasks while also engaged in a second activity, with the most pronounced impairment occurring during cell phone conversations. The younger adults showed no impairment on dual-task performance, the researchers found.
"It should be noted that we have previously found that younger adults show similar performance decrements, but under much more challenging crossing conditions," said lead author Mark Neider, a postdoctoral researcher who conducted the study with Illinois psychology professor and Beckman Institute director Art Kramer.
"Combined with our previous work, the current findings suggest that while all pedestrians should exercise caution when attempting to cross a street while conversing on a cell phone, older adults should be particularly careful," Neider said
Editor's notes: To reach Art Kramer, call 217-244-8373; e-mail [email protected].
To reach Mark Neider, e-mail [email protected].
The paper, "Walking and Talking: Dual-Task Effects on Street Crossing Behavior in Older Adults," is available from the U. of I. News Bureau.
Contact: Diana Yates
[email protected]
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign


text:
Stylishly serve coffee, espresso, or hot tea with Restaurantware's extensive selection of premium coffee mugs and teacups. We offer coffee cups in a variety of styles and sizes to equip your restaurant, cafe, coffee shop, tea house, or bakery for java-serving success.
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1 Item
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To help preserve America's pie heritage and "raise awareness, enjoyment and consumption of pies," the American Pie Council has designated Jan. 23 at National Pie Day. If you'd like to celebrate the occasion with a homemade pie, two good pies to make this time of the year are Butterscotch Cream Pie and Chocolate Meringue Pie, both made with ingredients most of us already have on hand. Baked in either a store-bought or homemade crust, either pie could be simply topped with whipped cream, or if you feel adventuresome, meringue - easier to achieve than it looks. Pie bakers still have time to enter The American Pie Council's national pie contest to be held in Orlando, Fla., April 8-10, 2011, by submitting an entry and recipe by March 10. There's big money in prize winning pies - including a grand prize check for $5,000. If you've got a fabulous family pie recipe to share, or are good at creating pie recipes of your own, you could be a contender. From pies made with fruit and nuts to those filled with chocolate or peanut butter, there's a pie category for everyone. For contest details and rules, check out the American Pie Council website at www.piecouncil.org
Sue Ade, a Lowcountry resident since 1985, is a gourmet baker and collector of vintage cooking utensils and cookbooks. She can be reached at email@example.com or 683-0375.Rich Chocolate Meringue Pie
1 (9-inch) baked pie shell, store-bought or homemade (recipe follows)For the chocolate filling
4 squares (4 ounces) bittersweet or semisweet chocolate, grated
4 squares (4 ounces) unsweetened chocolate, grated
1 cup sugar
6 tablespoons cornstarch
¼ teaspoon salt
4 large egg yolks, lightly beaten
1 (12-ounce) can evaporated milk
2 cups whole milk
2 tablespoons butter
1 teaspoon vanilla extractFor the meringue
1 tablespoon cornstarch
? cup water
½ cup sugar
4 large egg whites
¼ teaspoon cream of tartar
½ teaspoon vanilla extract
The filling: In a small mixing bowl, combine sugar with cornstarch and salt; set aside. Place the egg yolks, milks and chocolates in the top of a double boiler over simmering water, whisking until well combined. Whisk in sugar mixture. Cook, whisking constantly, until chocolate is melted and mixture has thickened, about 10 to 12 minutes. Remove from heat and stir in butter and vanilla, gently stirring until butter is melted. Pour hot pudding into pie shell, then press a piece of plastic wrap over top of filling to keep a skin from forming while making meringue.
The meringue: Preheat oven to 325 degrees. In a small saucepan, blend cornstarch with water. Over medium-high heat, whisk mixture until it becomes thick and translucent. Remove from heat and cool. While mixture is cooling, beat egg whites with cream of tartar and vanilla until frothy. Add cornstarch mixture, a little at a time, beating to form stiff peaks. Starting from the edges of the pie, then spreading to the center, cover filling completely with meringue, sealing pie crust from edge to edge. (This will prevent the meringue from shrinking and pulling away from the edge of the pie while it is baking.) Using the back of a spoon, create peaks on top of the meringue. Bake for 15 to 20 minutes, or until golden brown, watching carefully to keep meringue from burning. Remove pie and cool on a wire rack, then chill pie before serving. Store leftovers in refrigerator, eating within one or two days of baking. Makes 1 (9-inch) pie.
*Kitchen Ade note: For safety's sake, the use of pasteurized eggs is recommended for this recipe.
Butterscotch Cream Pie1 (9-inch) baked pie shell, store bought or homemade (recipe follows) For the butterscotch filling
1 cup light brown sugar, packed
4 tablespoons cornstarch
¼ teaspoon salt
1 (12-ounce) can evaporated milk
1 cup whole milk
4 large egg yolks, lightly beaten
2 tablespoons unsalted butter
1½ teaspoons vanilla extract
Whipped cream topping (recipe follows)
In a small mixing bowl, combine sugar with cornstarch and salt; set aside. Place the eggs and milks in the top of a double boiler over simmering water, whisking until well combined. Stir in sugar mixture. Cook until thickened, about 10 minutes. Remove from heat and gently stir in butter and vanilla until butter is melted. Pour filling into prepared crust, then press a piece of plastic wrap over top of filling to keep a skin from forming. Cool pie to lukewarm, then refrigerate at least 4 hours before topping with whipped cream to serve. Makes 1 (9-inch) pie.
Kitchen Ade note: Pudding and pie fillings made with cornstarch are fragile. To keep your pudding from thinning out, refrain from stirring or disturbing pudding once it thickens.
Sweetened Whipped Cream
1 cup heavy cream
2 tablespoons confectioners' sugar
½ teaspoon vanilla extract
Chill the beaters and mixing bowl of an electric mixer in the freezer. Once the bowl and beaters are cold, pour the cream into the bowl. With mixer on low speed, add the sugar, a tablespoon at a time, then add vanilla. Increase speed to medium high, mixing cream to soft peaks - just thick enough to hold shape in soft billows. Spoon whipped cream over pie just before serving.
Kitchen Ade note: Heavy cream doubles when whipped so this recipe will make about 2 cups of whipped cream, enough to cover one 9-inch pie.Pie Crust
2 cups (10 ounces) all-purpose flour
1 teaspoon salt
2 teaspoon sugar
¾ cup (5¼ ounces) Crisco shortening
5 tablespoons ice water
In a large bowl, mix the flour, salt and sugar. With a pastry blender or fork, cut shortening into the flour mixture until the mixture forms into pea-size balls. Sprinkle the water over the mixture, 1 tablespoon at a time, and blend with a fork. Repeat until the dough is moist enough to come together. Gather the dough into a ball, knead 5 seconds, then cut into 2 pieces. Flatten each piece slightly and shape into a disk, 8-ounces each. Wrap each piece in plastic wrap and if not using immediately, chill. Roll dough into a circle about 1½ inches larger than inverted 9-inch pie plate. Carefully ease dough into plate, taking care not to stretch the dough. Trim dough to ½-inch beyond edge of plate, then fold dough under to make a double thickness of dough around rim; flute edge. Chill the pie crust for 30 minutes to 1 hour. (Do not skip this step. Chilling will keep the crust from shrinking from the sides of the pan during baking.) After crust is chilled, prick bottom and sides of dough with a fork, then line the inside of the crust with foil, filling bottom with pie weights or dried beans. (This will help prevent the crust from forming bubbles while it is baking.) Place crust in a preheated 425-degree oven and bake until the crust has just started to turn a light brown, about 15 minutes. Remove the crust from the oven, reducing heat to 375 degrees. Remove the foil and pie weights, return the crust to the oven and bake until golden brown, 5 to 10 minutes more. (If edges of crust are overbrowning, shield with foil strips.) Cool crust on a wire rack before filling. Makes 2 (9-inch) crusts.


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Click on a state and see a listing of all rv park and campground locations. If you select multiple criteria, only parks with all chosen criteria will appear.
Enter an address, city or landmark name - even search within a certain radius - to pinpoint a campground location.
OR, find the specific park you are looking for by searching by campground name
Refine your search by choosing the site options, services, amenities, recreation, lifestyles and affiliations you're looking for.


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The saying "good things come to those who wait" couldn't be truer than in the case of Styles Unlimited Car Club President Tino Herrera. This dedicated Santa Barbara Lowrider has waited a lifetime to build the perfect Bomb, which is a symbol of his past and future, while also doubling as a beacon of creativity in the world of Bomb building. Tino's 1950 Chevrolet Fleetline is a dream come true, and a long time in the making. "I bought the car about 27 years ago," he says via cell phone. "I've painted it several colors but it's been in its current state for about two months. My car is like Bruce Jenner; its had a lot of facelifts!" Tino's humor is refreshing, as the serious dream of building cars can often get the best of those involved, and he happily offers a new take on traditional Bomb building―especially thanks to the car's paintjob. The eight-month paint process saw Danny D capping off a previous Champagne color job by Alex with a dazzling array of candies. "I wanted just a little bit of this and a little bit of that, and as Danny got to painting it, he ended up doing a full candy job. I couldn't believe how amazing it was when it was done," Tino says. Aware that he might draw the ire of traditional Bomb builders who generally prefer a more conservative exterior, Tino is excited to bring an outside-the-box approach to the forefront. "When we were done, Danny D said, 'the traditional Bomb guys are gonna hate you for this,'" he says. "Sure enough, I went to a show and all eyes were on it; but it was hard for some to accept, since I chose to make it so different than the stock style paintjobs. At first, even when I was looking at it, I was a little nervous, but I'm extremely proud of how it came out," Tino says with a smile . To understand the passion of this incredible project is to take a walk in its owner's shoes; down memory lane in Santa Barbara.
"When I was a little kid, Rick Valdez and Art Huerta of the Style Unlimited Car Club lived right around the corner," he says with a smile. "They used to take me around cruising." Serving as his mentors, an eager young Tino was happy to tag along with these OGs wherever they went. "When I was in eighth or ninth grade, Rick and Art took me to Whittier Boulevard and as we turned onto the street itself, I saw 'Gypsy Rose.'" Recalling the encounter brings out the kid in Tino, and his voice makes it sound as if it happened yesterday. "I couldn't believe it! It was my claim to fame, and I told all my friends for weeks that I saw "Gypsy Rose". Before I had only seen it on TV on Chico and the Man, so for me, it was like seeing Bigfoot!" Tino's enthusiasm was felt by Art, who let the young boy wash and detail his car before going out cruising. The car was a 1950 Fleetline, and it is this same Fleetline that Tino holds the keys for today. "The Fleetline that I have now was in the Styles Unlimited Club back then and Art said, 'When you get older, I'll sell it to you.'" Art Huerta kept his word, and Tino's ownership of the car has remained a lasting impression of the brotherhood behind the Styles Unlimited Car Club.
While this car has withstood the test of time, it is certainly not Tino's first foray into building Lowriders. "I've had a Continental, an Impala, a Glasshouse, and a couple of other Lowriders; but I've always kept the Fleetline," Tino states. In fact the '75 Caprice, on which he had a twisted iron grill, was part of the funding process for this Fleetline―as well as for helping his daughter to purchase a car of her own. "I told her, if you can save a thousand dollars, I'll match it. She ended up saving three thousand! So, I had to buy her a car first," Tino says with a laugh. Once he got started, the car was built with a lot of trial and error, before he eventually put a deposit down with Danny D to cap it off. While he's owned the car for over two decades, this build took about a year thanks to the dedicated paint and body work of Alex, the engine and suspension work of Matt Noble, of Noble Fabrications, the interior work by Upholstery Galore, custom engraving by David the Engraver, the immaculate chrome work of Brett aka, "Mr. Impala," and of course, the amazing paintjob by Danny D. Since the car has been complete, it has garnered rave reviews, and from all the right places, too. The car won "Best Bomb" honors at the annual Nite Life Car Show. Even better, while at the recent indoor show in San Diego, Tino's true validation was realized. "We came back to the show from dinner and the Tovar brothers were standing around my car. They congratulated me and said my car was one of the baddest Bombs they'd seen. It meant more to me than any trophy I could get. Those guys are such an inspiration to so many builders and it meant a lot to get a compliment and respect from them," he says humbly.
It is this sense of respect that drives Tino as Club President too, having jumped at the chance to resurrect the club that had given so much to him as a child. "When I grew up, the Style Unlimited guys were like my heroes," he says. "All the guys that were in the club before me back when I was a kid, they went on to become pillars of society. They went on to become contractors, school teachers, and business owners. I said 'Man, look at these guys!' You grow up and you see that these guys also made something of their lives; I want to carry that on, that's why I help little kids in my neighborhood. They might be working on their first car but I tell them don't stop, it took me 20 years to get my car to the way it is now; it doesn't happen overnight."
After receiving the blessing of original member and creator of the Style Unlimited name, Rob Rocha, Tino took the reins of the club four years ago and hasn't looked back. He's ensured the success of the club and instituted a dues system that really helps the younger and struggling members to participate in-group functions. After the incredible build of this '50 Fleetline and four years of club leadership, it's safe to say that Tino's wheels will always be pointed in the right direction. He thanks his family, his son and daughter, and everybody involved with the build. He also wishes to acknowledge all of the Style Unlimited members who preceded him including Val, Rob Rocha, Ben Navaro, Big Jim, Rick Valdez, Vincent Ortiz, Mitch, the Palacios,' and the Chaves.'
After a life in Lowriding, Tino is still the same humble guy as he even continues to park his 1950 Fleetline at his beloved grandmother's house. "After she saw that I was finished painting it, she said, 'your car looks like Pan Dulce, mijo!" We have to agree; it's one sweet ride indeed.
Tech Specs "Pan Dulce"
Name: Tino Herrera
Make/Model: 1950 Chevrolet Fleetline
City/State: Santa Barbara
Car Club: Styles Unlimited
Engine: The '50 Chevy now sports a 235 Engine, as Matt Noble, of Noble Fabrications swapped out the original 216 at Tino's request. The engine also features a Corvette split manifold.
Paint: Alex Bautista originally painted the car a champagne color; he also performed all the bodywork. He also added cut down '58 skirts with '58 scuff guards for looks. Danny D. laced this classic with an unreal and bold color combination, defying conventional Bomb wisdom. David the Engraver added his custom engraving at Artistic Impressions Metal and Glass Engraving, while Brett, aka "Mr. Impala" lent his chrome services to the project at his shop in Covina, CA.
Suspension: Matt Noble, from Noble Fabrications, did all the suspension work. He added a four link to the rear end; "c" notched the frame, performed the Fatman fabrication on the drop arms, and rebuilt the front end.
Setup: A two-switch airbag set up keeps this Fleetline scraping the pavement.
Interior: Mike from Upholstery Galore, of Santa Barbara, added a classy tweed interior in a stock pattern, which serves to balance out the bold exterior of this incredible Fleetline.
Stereo: Ian installed an Alpine head unit, Rockford Fosgate Amp, complete with an IPod Hook up and a color bar.
Wheel and Tires: Zenith 13-inch 72 Cross Laced with 185/80R13 Hand Tossed Tires.


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How Will Amity Make Up Lost School Days? Amity Board of Ed Votes
Tri Town students had six unscheduled days off as a result of Superstorm Sandy and the October snowstorm.
Making up the missed days was on the agenda at the Dec. 10 Amity Board of Education meeting, during which they had to decide whether the students in Bethany, Orange and Woodbridge would lose any time from their April vacation next year.
The Amity School District can make up one more snow day in June before administrators will have to start cutting from April vacation.
The Amity BOE voted to adopt a new schedule to make up the current missed school days. During the board discussion it was mentioned that students will go to school on March 22, which is on the school calendar as a teachers' professional development day, and students will have to go to school longer in the month of June.
If there are no more snow days, the last day of school will be Thursday, June 20. but if there are more school closures, Friday, June 21 will be added as the last day — before the board starts cutting from April vacation beginning with the Friday of that vacation week.
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Beberapa akun terpantau mendukung apa yang ditulis Cak Imin tersebut. Seperti halnya akun B 30 YR @IC5LU yang membandingkan kemajuan Jakarta dengan Surabaya.
"Betul… lbh maju jakarta, ada waterboom tahunan, trotoar lebar2, ndak perlu ke bangladesh lg," tulis akun B 30 YR @IC5LU.
So, you think you are ready to trade? Make sure you read this section to learn how you can go about setting up a forex account so that you can start trading currencies. We'll also mention other factors that you should be aware of before you take this step. We will then discuss how to trade forex and the different types of orders that can be placed. Opening A Forex Brokerage Account Trading forex is similar to the equity market because individuals interested in trading need to open up a trading account. Like the equity market, each forex account and the services it provides differ, so it is important that you find the right one. Below we will talk about some of the factors that should be considered when selecting a forex account. Leverage Leverage is basically the ability to control large amounts of capital, using very little of your own capital; the higher the leverage, the higher the level of risk. The amount of leverage on an account differs depending on the account itself, but most use a factor of at least 50:1, with some being as high as 250:1. A leverage factor of 50:1 means that for every dollar you have in your account you control up to $50. For example, if a trader has $1,000 in his or her account, the broker will lend that person $50,000 to trade in the market. This leverage also makes your margin, or the amount you have to have in the account to trade a certain amount, very low. In equities, margin is usually at least 50%, while the leverage of 50:1 is equivalent to 2%. Leverage is seen as a major benefit of forex trading, as it allows you to make large gains with a small investment. However, leverage can also be an extreme negative if a trade moves against you because your losses also are amplified by the leverage. With this kind of leverage, there is the real possibility that you can lose more than you invested - although most firms have protective stops preventing an account from going negative. For this reason, it is vital that you remember this when opening an account and that when you determine your desired leverage you understand the risks involved. Commissions and Fees Another major benefit of forex accounts is that trading within them is done on a commission-free basis. This is unlike equity accounts, in which you pay the broker a fee for each trade. The reason for this is that you are dealing directly with market makers and do not have to go through other parties like brokers. This may sound too good to be true, but rest assured that market makers are still making money each time you trade. Remember the bid and ask from the previous section? Each time a trade is made, it is the market makers that capture the spread between these two. Therefore, if the bid/ask for a foreign currency is 1.5200/50, the market maker captures the difference (50 basis points). If you are planning on opening a forex account, it is important to know that each firm has different spreads on foreign currency pairs traded through them. While they will often differ by only a few pips (0.0001), this can be meaningful if you trade a lot over time. So when opening an account make sure to find out the pip spread that it has on foreign currency pairs you are looking to trade. Other Factors There are a lot of differences between each forex firm and the accounts they offer, so it is important to review each before making a commitment. Each company will offer different levels of services and programs along with fees above and beyond actual trading costs. Also, due to the less regulated nature of the forex market, it is important to go with a reputable company. (For more information on what to look for when opening an account, read Wading Into The Currency Market. If you are not ready to open a "real money" account but want to try your hand at forex trading, read Demo Before You Dive In.) How to Trade Forex Now that you know some important factors to be aware of when opening a forex account, we will take a look at what exactly you can trade within that account. The two main ways to trade in the foreign currency market is the simple buying and selling of currency pairs, where you go long one currency and short another. The second way is through the purchasing of derivatives that track the movements of a specific currency pair. Both of these techniques are highly similar to techniques in the equities market.The most common way is to simply buy and sell currency pairs, much in the same way most individuals buy and sell stocks. In this case, you are hoping the value of the pair itself changes in a favorable manner. If you go long a currency pair, you are hoping that the value of the pair increases. For example, let's say that you took a long position in the USD/CAD pair - you will make money if the value of this pair goes up, and lose money if it falls. This pair rises when the U.S. dollar increases in value against the Canadian dollar, so it is a bet on the U.S. dollar. The other option is to use derivative products, such as options and futures, to profit from changes in the value of currencies. If you buy an option on a currency pair, you are gaining the right to purchase a currency pair at a set rate before a set point in time. A futures contract, on the other hand, creates the obligation to buy the currency at a set point in time. Both of these trading techniques are usually only used by more advanced traders, but it is important to at least be familiar with them. (For more on this, try Getting Started in Forex Options and our tutorials, Option Spread Strategies and Options Basics Tutorial.) Types of Orders A trader looking to open a new position will likely use either a market order or a limit order. The incorporation of these order types remains the same as when they are used in the equity markets. A market order gives a forex trader the ability to obtain the currency at whatever exchange rate it is currently trading at in the market, while a limit order allows the trader to specify a certain entry price. (For a brief refresher of these orders, see The Basics of Order Entry.) Forex traders who already hold an open position may want to consider using a take-profit order to lock in a profit. Say, for example, that a trader is confident that the GBP/USD rate will reach 1.7800, but is not as sure that the rate could climb any higher. A trader could use a take-profit order, which would automatically close his or her position when the rate reaches 1.7800, locking in their profits. Another tool that can be used when traders hold open positions is the stop-loss order. This order allows traders to determine how much the rate can decline before the position is closed and further losses are accumulated. Therefore, if the GBP/USD rate begins to drop, an investor can place a stop-loss that will close the position (for example at 1.7787), in order to prevent any further losses. As you can see, the type of orders that you can enter in your forex trading account are similar to those found in equity accounts. Having a good understanding of these orders is critical before placing your first trade. If you want to read more, see these frequently asked questions How does the forex market trade 24 hours a day?, Why is currency always quoted in pairs? and What is the value of one pip and why are they different between currency pairs? Read more: Forex Tutorial: How To Trade & Open A Forex Account https://www.investopedia.com/university/forexmarket/forex8.asp#ixzz52b6myyy3 Follow us: Investopedia on Facebook
"Benar gus karena membangun kota Sby dengan dana dari retribusi surat ijo yang dibayar rakyatnya yang tidak ikhlas membayarnya, bantu kami gus untuk hapus surat ijo diganti menjadi SHM #hapussuratijoSurabaya #tanahnegarauntukrakyat #tanahnegarabukanmilikpemkot," tambah akun Munidzom @Munidzom.(*)


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The Nikon D Family
This is a very special post. We are approaching June 15th, 2011. Time to celebrate. You might ask: What? Why?
Those not familiar with the history of Nikon's digital SLR cameras, or those who joined the growing community of digital Nikons later, the date might not trigger any worthwile memory. Let me help. Exactly 12 years ago, on june 15th, 1999, Nikon officially announced the famous and remarkable Nikon D1 – which can be easily considered a breakthrough in the "total package" of a digital SLR at its time. This camera deserves so much credit starting the digital SLR revolution in the last millenium. So it is its 12th birthday – a perfect opportunity to look back and reflect a moment about the progress and evolution of this growing line of digital cameras by the "yellow" company – Nikon.
Talking about innovation, Nikon introduced 28 D-SLR models in these 12 years with increasingly more capabilities. Taking a step back and looking from a distance at all cameras it is nice to see, some of the design patterns the company was very careful to maintain over this period. A few exceptions here and there, but overall a remarkable level of consistency across all cameras. If you are interested, I'd like to invite you to a mutual journey through this period of 12 years and share the evolution of the line-up from the D1 until the very recent D5100.
Before we start with the individual chronicles, I'd like to share what is created at all significant reunions. A family picture. Please find below a photo of the ever growing Nikon D Family. To my knowledge, it is the very first family picture with all 28 announced and available Nikon D-SLRs so far in one photo. (Please click for a larger version and please respect also the copyright of this photo)
Happy Birthday to the Nikon D Family
Ok, let's start the journey in the last millenium. Doesn't it sound an awful long time ago? Hey, we are living in internet time. 12 years is an eternity, plus something. For our journey I'd like to reflect back, how Nikon positioned all new models in their announcements and some excerpts from the respective brochures. If available, some personal comments and contextual information is added.
Before we start, I'd like to share some images, I think and assume have not be shared before on the internet. Please find below a group picture of the 28 digital SLRs Nikon introduced in the last 12 years. It all began with the D1 on june 15th, 1999 and the latest incarnation is the D5100 introduced just a couple of weeks ago. Take it as a kind birthday gift to all out there who are interested in this journey.
You might find the following timeline graphic useful
This is the grand daddy of all the Nikon D-SLR's – The Nikon D1. Announced on june 15th, 1999
A reunion of all 28 digital SLRs Nikon introduced in the 12 years following the release of the D1. (click for a larger view)
from top to bottom, from left to right:
1. row: D1, D1H, D1X, D100, D2H, D70, D2X
2. row: D2Hs, D50, D70s, D200, D2Xs, D80, D40
3. row: D40x, D3, D300, D60, D700, D90, D3X
4. row: D5000, D300s, D3000, D3s, D3100, D7000, D5100
The first 12 years saw the introduction of 10 professional digital bodies (click for larger view)
Over time a sorted view. It is quite easy to see on the product layout, control dials and knobs the 4 "product lines" Nikon introduced in these 12 years (click for a larger view)
from left to right, from front to back:
1. column: D50, D70, D70s, D80, D90, D7000, D100
2. column: D1, D1H, D1X, D2H, D2Hs, D2X, D2Xs, D3, D3s, D3X
3. column: D40, D40x, D60, D3000, D3100, D5000, D5100
4. column: D200, D300, D300s, D700
Birthday story
2 introductions in 1999: Nikon D1 and Nikkor AFS 17-35mm/2.8 – both became legendary
1999. It is the year were all began. Nikon had some previous digital attempts, like the Nikon E-series cameras. According to Jarle Asland's Nikonweb resource, current estimates are that about 2.300 cameras had been produced by Nikon and about 1.500 more or less identical E models by Fujifilm. Hardly numbers fit for the mass market. But important technology trials and feedback vehicle towards the full assault to the massmarket the D series was designed for. We should not forget, that Nikon had a partnership with Kodak, where Kodak produced digital SLR cameras (600 and 700 series) based on the Nikon F5 frame. The DCS 760 represented with 6 MP the leading edge at this time, was very expensive (8000 $) and was sold only in relatively small numbers (one of the key barriers for reducing the pricepoint over the lifecycle of a product in the consumer electronics market).
Early in the year, rumors were widespread about the upcoming D1. On June 15th, Nikon unleashed the Nikon D1 with the easy slogan "D1. It's what you need. Now". Nikon's marketing department focussed on 3 key messages (with lots of technical data to support the points).
- Superb image quality
- Ultra high speed
- Increased convenience
What did a customer get for the 5.580$ SRP?
Superb image quality
2,74 Megapixel. The term APS-C wasn't defined in 1999, so we got 23.7 x 15.6mm size CCD and (hurray) a low-pass filter for "ultrahigh-definition" images. The D1 had 3D Matrix metering with 1.005 pixel CCD and as the term Expeed wasn't invented yet, you got a LSI (large scale integrated circuit) with an "original Nikon algorithm".
As TTL with existing Speedlights didn't work with the different refelctive conditions of a digital sensor, Nikon introduced the new SB-28DX as well.
Ultra high speed
The world's fastest shutetr release speed at 58msec and realyl a quick startup. 4.5 fps (claimed to be the fastest in the world at time of announcement) and 21 shots buffer capacity. The D1 series (D1, D1H, D1X) had the fastest shutter speed with 1/16.000 sec. There is no evidence, that this was a pure mechanical feat, or a combination of the physical and electronic shutter in the sensor. Unfortunately, Nikon discontinued this fast shutter, which was very helpful with fast lenses in bright conditions. Before I forget: ISO could be set to 200, 400, 800 and 1600
Increased convenience
A lightweight magnesium body like the F5. 31 custom settings (are you remembering the cheat sheets people printed out?) . Compatibility with more than 80 F-mount Nikkor lenses (plus and indication of the 1.5x crop factor) and Compact Flash cards. The D1 accepted CF Type I And Type II cards. As flash memory was hugely expensive, people used quite often IBM Microdrives (340 MB and 1 GB) which were of Type II.
It was a very exciting time. Phil Askey of dpreview.com (still independent at that time) created a very comprehensive review, Philip Greenspun, Rob Galbraiht, Thom Hogan, Uwe Steinmüller, imaging-resources.com were active as well. "Serious" Nikon D1 users met in the d1sscussion mailing list operated by Jürgen Specht. The austrian Gerhard Strobl took the effort and created the first 118 page unoffical FAQ document for the D1 which was extensively used by the community to facilitate information aggregation. (Similar inofficial FAQ would save countless forum threads today).
Shooter soon figuered out that digital cameras are great, but some things were different to the film era. Sensors were formidable dust collectors and Nikon prohibited user cleaning. Rob Miracle came up with the fragile method of pressing the shutter with "Bulb", and as long you kept the shutter pressed, you could clean the sensor with the second hand. But NEVER EVER release the shutter, while cleaning the sensor.
The super fast speed was partially hindered by the settings. While JPEG processing was really fast and almost instantenious, switching to RAW cause the camera to crawl. Storage time went sky high, 45 secs per photo not uncommon. People complaining today about slow CF/SD cards shoud respect that a microdrive could only deliver 0.5 MB/sec and the D1 electronics limited the fastest CF Cards (12x Lexar) to data rates well below 1 MB/sec.
Nevertheless, despite the minor issues the D1 proved to be a huge success and sports shooters marvelled about the speed and convenience the D1 provided. Backward compatibility with older Nikkor lenses helped additionally to convince people spending the steep amount for the body.
It's fair to state: The D1 started the digital revolution in the Nikon world and had a huge impact in the overall market. It was indeed the breakthrough design developed by the Nikon engineers the market was very willing to accept.
I do remember the very unique CoolPix 950 with its swivel design being introduced in 1999 as well. Broader availability of the D1 started in September/October of 1999.
Nikon released 2 new professional lenses in June 1999. The MF 85mm/2.8D PC Micro and the formidable AFS 17-35mm/2.8D which became a legend in its own.
2000 was the only year in this 12 year period, where Nikon did not announce any new D-SLR. If caused by the lack of real competitors, by underestimating the innovation speed in the digital world, or just coincidence that the next generation was announced in january 2001 – I don't know.
Critics had their fun with 2 issues in 2000: 1) the new emerging class of pixel-peepers found higher noise in the blue channel than in the red and green and developed funny methods of single channel postprocessing to "mitigate" this issue. 2) Nikon did not implement color spaces in the D1 and shooters with a calibrated pp workflow had their fair share of challenges to create printed images with colors as intended (Nikon posted some remarks at the end of the year). BTW, If you took RAW photos with the D1, current versions of CNX2 produce stunning results with D1 images. Its one of the benefits of shooting RAW. Your output improves with the new generation desktop software. Cool.
But 2000 was a great year for Nikkor lenses. Nikon brought 5 new lenses: the spectacular AFS 14mm/2.8D, the lower cost AFS 18-35mm/3.5-4.5D, the AF 24-85mm/2.8-4D, the AF 70-300mm/4-5.6G and the excellent AFS 300mm/4D. By today's standards the AFS 300mm/4 is still excellent, the others show their (design) age in modern bodies.
The year 2001 started with a double announcement and a new term. Nikon's Total Imaging System vision was born. Nikon offered 2 cameras for this vision – the superior resolution with the D1X and the fast-action workflow based D1H.
Sidenote on the sensor:
When Nikon introduced the D1 for the "mass market" they faced a production challenge with its new sensor. How to design a new sensor and achieve a high yield in production from the very start of the production process? The solution to this problem was called "binning". The sensor of the D1 had 4 "real" sensels for each of the 2,74 mio pixels. By combining the information of the 4 smaller sensels, Nikon could increase the uniformity of the output over the full array and secondly, failed individual sensels could be easier mapped out and henceforth increased the yield of "good" sensors in the production process.
The D1H continued the use of original sensor with better electronics around it. The D1X was an interesting engineering exercise. Nikon moved in the D1X from a 2×2 binning approach to a 1×2 binning structure. This caused the camera to have a "real" resolution of 4,024×1,324 rectangular pixels which were converted to a 3,008×1,960 interpolated final image with square pixels. Later versions of Capture allowed to store D1X RAW files optionally with 10 MP.
As both cameras were simultaneously announced, they shared a sginificant amount of common messaging.
Total image quality
D1X: 5,47 MP CCD; ISO 125-800 (ISO 125 potentially caused by the 1×2 binning)
Users got their choice of color spaces (sRGB and AdobeRGB) – Nikon listened to the feedback in 2000
Enhanced speed
D1H: 5fps, 40 shots buffer
D1X: 3fps, 9 shots buffer
Super high speed image processing by new LSI (large scale integrated circuit). Nikon competitors hadn't introduced their marketing gimmik of giving the LSI a name which can be trademarked. Nikon later introduced the name Expeed for their LSI chip.
Improved operability
Newly developed 130.000-dot TFT LCD
Custom setting menu can be seen on the TFT in four languages
Enlarged playback
(Visually) lossless compression mode for RAW files
The newly introduced cameras shared the same Ni-MH battery with the original D1, which delivered a couple of hundred shots per charge. Another new introduction was a protective cover for the TFT, which was not clear but rather opaque. Quickly, an aftermarket developed for more usable hoods.
Nikkor lenses
Only 3 Nikkor lenses were announced in April 2001:
The 3 super telephotos AFS 400mm/2.8D II, AFS 500mm/4D II, AFS 600mm/4D II
2002: The year the D100 and the AFS 70-200mm/2.8G VR were announced
In the next year – 2002 – Nikon had only one announcement event. In February, Nikon introduced the D100 for 2.000 US $. The first body outside the strictly professional D1 line. Its price was the real breakthrough. Consumers got basically the same resolution of 6 MP for a third of the D1X price. The D100 became the F100 in the digital world – with internet time, this constellation didn't last too lonmg, but nevertheless, many more people went digital with the D100 than before. Unsurprisingly Nikon's key selling points were:
- 6,1 MP CCD sensor (all Nikon D-SLRs had still a CCD sensor)
- Accurate exposure and faithful colors (sRGD and AdobeRGB color spaces)
- (The first camera with) built in Speed-Light. (reducing the viewfinder magnification and coverage vs the D1 series)
- Remarkable Speed and Control (with CAM 900 and 5 AF fields)
- A large, bright and easy to see monitor (people would smile today …)
- Nikon Capture 3 and Nikon View 3 were the software offerings accompanying the D100.
Nikon had to change the user interface layout to fit the smaller body and had to simplify to match the target price point. Gone were the second LCD screen. The top level LCD screen was smaller as well.
Nikon announced 2 lenses, and one became (and currently still is) immediately a classic – The Nikkor AF-S 70-200mm/2.8G VR. Thousands of happy users showed fantastic images this lens, together with the D1-series and D100 was capable of. For almost 10 years, this lens was the standard high quality tele zoom lens to match. According to Roland Vink's database, approx. 270.000 lenses were built. The second lens was the AF 24-85mm/3.5-4.5G for the consumer market.
2003: Nikon D2H and AFS 17-55mm/2.8G
2003 was another year, were Nikon announced only one camera. In July 2003, Nikon introduced the D2H, the successor of the D1H and – more importantly – the first body with a unique Nikon sensor design called the LBCAST. Resolution went up to 4,1 MP, speed increased to 8 frames per second. This body introduced the very visible white dot on the viewfinder for the whole D2 series. The ambient light sensor captured light at the location of the body supporting the whitebalance work of the camera through the lens. An option wireless transmitter was offered for predominantely sport and studio photographers. The shutter was rated for 150.000 cycles and was a brand new design. The new D2 shutter had a lower minimum shutter speed vs. the D1 series – 1/8.000th/sec vs. 1/16.000th/sec. Another new component was the CAM-2000 AF module with 11 AF fields (9 with cross sensor type).
It was a remarkable camera for sports photographers, but the majority of the market waited for the higher resolution brother which became later the D2X. The market situation changed as well, as Nikon had definitive lead in the early years soon to be challenged by Canon with their quicker adoption of CMOS sensors. I still remember when the heated debates were in some fora, that photogs "threatened" Nikon to switch if the didn't come out with a new camera and feature xyz. Funny days.
2003 was quite productive for Nikkor lenses of which 5 were introduced.
In February the next iteration of the AFS 24-120mm/3.5-5.6G was announced. A lens which got a lot of goodwill at the beginning, but future camera generations showed quickly its limitations.
July saw the announcement of 4 lenses. First, the AFS 12-24mm/4G DX opened up the UWW range for DX cameras. It was the very first Nikkor DX lens. All Nikon digital bodies had a sensor with the DX format, which had benefits for the tele photographer, but some challenges at the wide end. The lens solved for many years this range and is still on current (higher resolution) bodies a good performer. Second, another great lens was introduced – the Nikkor AFS 200-400mm/4G VR, succeeding the legendary AiS predecessor. The 2 remaining lenses were the AFS 17-55mm/2.8G DX and the AFS 10.5mm/2.8G DX Fisheye, increasing the DX lens collection to 3 lenses.
2004: Nikon D70 and AFS 18-70mm/3.5-4.5G DX
In January 2004, almost 2 years after the introduction of the D100, Nikon announced the D70. Potentially overwhelmed by the very positive acceptance in the market and trying to extend teh market under the D100, the D70 had another great price point – 1.000 US $, half the price of the D100. The D70 became instanteniously a huge success. The D70 introduced yet another new body design to simplify the button and dial layout. Compact in size, Nikon showed already in this early stage that they did not intend to lead the marketing rally around ever more resolution – the D70 had still 6 MP. Nikon told us that the 3008 x 2000 pixel resolution was good for 11 x 14 inch printouts. While the frame rate was lowered to 3 fps, the D70 had the CAM900 module like the D100 and 3D Color Matrix Metering with a 1005 pixel RGB sensor. Being in the "lowest" class at that time, of course we got exposure modes, like Portrait, Landscape, Sports, etc .. Another highlight of the D70 was its very fast maximum flash sync time of 1/500th sec – which people vehemently used in fora to show the superiority vs the successors. It was also the time of external storage tanks and Nikon offered the Coolwalker Digital Storage Photo Viewer to the market (with moderate success).
I still remember, that the D100 and D70 had a relatively more conservative exposure program to avoid blown highlights in most cases, which contributed to the ease of use and fun this camera brought forward. Battery was excellent as well.
Finally, three and a half years after the D1X, Nikon announced the eagerly awaited Nikon D2X in September 2004. With its 12,3 MP super high resolution versus its predecessor, the shared advanced electronics with the D2H made this camera an instant success. Even today, many remember the color fidelity of the D2X at base ISO, the famous D2X custom curve and the (supposedly) thin AA-filter, providing great acuity in images. Paired with the traditional strength of Nikon's handlung and usability, it is still an excellent camera today. Another thing this body shared with the earlier D2H was the new battery system. It was not unusal to take 3-4.000 images before the batteries had to be recharged. Fantastic.
Anyone looking into an excellent pro body for a good price should get its hand on a used D2X or D2Xs. They are with the exception of low light ISO performance still outstanding cameras. We are talking of 7 years after introduction.
Only 3 lenses in 2004. First, the AFS 18-70mm/3.5-5.6G DX which for many years created a signifcant following in the ambitious amateur market (succeeded by the AFS 16-85mm DX). The other 2 lenses introduced were the AFS 200mm/2 VR and the AFS 300mm/2.8 VR – Nikon consequently VRed its pro lens segment. The short and bulky 200mm/2 is such a IQ "beauty" that quite a few shooters used this lens for portrait shootings.
2005: Nikon D200 and AFS 18-200mm/3.5-5.6G VR DX
This was the year of the consumer line. Nikon introduced 2 pure consumer bodies and 1 semi-pro/semi-consumer. In April, the D50 became the most compact Nikon D-SLR (but still with an AF motor). The camera had basically the D70 sensor, autofocus had 5 AF areas, a a simplified metering system and a new shutter, which allowed to shoot at max 2.5 fps and a minimum exposure time of 1/4.000th sec. According to Nikon, it had a large "easy to view" 2 inch monitor. The D50 marks also the introduction of the ubiquitous kit lens, the AFS 18-55mm/3.5-5.6G DX. Compatibility with the SB600 and SB-800 as tehre as well.
It was such a compelling offering that later that year, I bought my – at that time – 11 year old daughter a D50 for christmas. It was one of the most fascinating opportunity for me to watch a young girl get into photography. The D50 became her reliable sidekick for more than 4 years. An astonishing camera.
Ops, we are still in 2005. The D70 was upgraded to the D70s with only minor modifications. Same 6mp sensor, same AF and metering system. New was its compatibility with the iTTL flash standard and the Creative Lighting System. Nikon Capture 4 was thereuqired version for the D70s.
At the end of 2005, in November Nikon announced the much rumored and anticipated D200. The demand was so high, that people had to wait for months to get their hands on a D200. Backlog lasted until April the following year. It was worth every day to wait for the D200. It was a marvel, cheaper than the D100 and so much better. Nikon succeed the (business) feat to get a ton of great technology into the D200. Logically, D200 users were loyal and happy followers for many years. It had a 10,2 MP CCD sensor, the CAM 1000 module with 11 AF sensors was newly developed. For 2005, its ISO capabilites was very good. The screen was bigger (2.5 inch) and much brighter. The D200 could use the WT-3 wireless transmitter and required Capture version 4.4.
The year of consumer lenses. AFS 18-55mm/3.5-5.66G DX, the accompanying telezoom AFS 55-200mm/4.5-5.6G DX and the new superzoom AFS 18-200mm/3.5-5.6G DX
2006: Nikon D2Xs and Nikkor AFS 105mm/2.8G
Update: Many thanks to Roland Vink for the heads-up and the pointer for the January 11th announcement
January 11th, marks an important day. Nikon announced that it will focus only on digital cameras going forward. Basically, it means the transition of Nikon from a film based company to a digital one. Only the F6 and FM10 continue to be available. Many of the of manual focus AiS lenses were discontinued as well.
In June, Nikon started off with an upgraded version of the D2X, the D2Xs. The new camera had better screen, much bigger buffer, 30% higher battery capacity and the new authentication capability for law enforcement agencies.
In August, the "official" D70 successor was announced – the Nikon D80. Same price point as the D70/D70s but vastly improved technology and capabilities.
In November, Nikon showed of f the new tiny D40. An outcry happend in the community as this marked the first digital SLR body with no AF motor, only able to autofocus with AFS lenses. Some people still complain – even today, but the market reality proved Nikon's stratgey right. People, especially new to D-SLRs preferred smaller size vs. full function and the D40 became with its excellent high ISO performance an instant success. The 4th line in Nikon's DSLR lineup was established.
4 lenses in 2006. The first Macro with VR – AFS 105mm/2.8G VR, a lens with an incredible srong community, even today – the AFS 70-300mm/4.5-5.6G VR and 2 entry level lenses (AFS 18-135mm/3.5-5.6G and AFS 18-55mm/3.5-5.6G II DX)
2007: Nikon D3 and Nikkor AFS 14-24mm/2.8G
This year was quite busy. 3 cameras and 7 lenses.
In march 2007, only 6 months after the D40, the 10,2 MP D40x was introduced. In hindsight,m the D40 was the stopgap measure to have an entry level camera ready for the shopping season 2006, but the "real" development with the new sensor was only ready after that critical period. Hence unusual short 6 months between 2 models.
August 2007 was a big, let me be more precise, a huge day for Nikon. With great fanfare, Nikon introduced its long overdue FX sensor line. While its main competitor had such an offering in place for a while, Nikons image and position in the critical Pro market was limited by the non-existence of a competitive model. Luckily, Nikon did not follow the MP race and tried outmarketier its competitor with an even higher megapixel count, but chose the wise route for a modest MP size, but incredible ISO capability. It can be easily attributed to the D3, that Nikon was for the second time back in the game for professionals (With the D1 and D3 series). As of today, not many cameras match the low light capabilities of a D3, it is easily one of the most versatile bodies introduced by Nikon and deserves as much credit as the D1 for the nimbus of Nikon D-SLR cameras. Hint: If you are currently on a DX body look through the viewfinder.
At the same day, Nikon also announced the D300, its top-of the line DX model. Undeserved, it got less attention than the all new D3, but still a formidable camera.
In this year, both kit lenses 18-55mm and 55-200mm were upgraded to VR versions. More importantly, the D3/FX announcement in August was accompanied by 5 new lenses, 2 all new. The super tele photos 400mm, 500mm and 600mm were upgraded to VR and at the shorter end, the huge, and still fantastic all new AFS 14-24mm/2.8G ultra wideangle zoom as well as the new AFS 24-70mm/2.8G standard zoom were announced. Asof today (2011) the AFS 14-24mm is still by far the best Nikkor UWW zoom (primes in this range included). The 24-70mm is still an outstanding lens as well – potentially its biggest drawback its lack of emotional connection it triggers with its owner vs. the AFS 14-24mm and AFS 70-200mm.
2008: Nikon D3X and Nikkor AFS 50mm/1.4G
One of the most productive years for Nikon – 4 new bodies.
In january, the D60 as announced, again 10 months after the D40x with very similar specs – I am really not sure, why and how this model was positioned, but nevertheless, it marks the last 2-digit entry level body before the D3100.
In July, a year after the D3, the D700 hit the market by storm. 40% cheaper than the D3, this camera was picked up by many pros as second body and FX-starving serious amateurs alike. Its 3 year lifecycle is evidence for this outstanding design and positioning.
August marks the introduction of the last 2-digit body, the D90. Based on teh same sensor technology as the D300, benefiting from the advances in electronics and software, the D90 could often produce better images than the pro-level D300. It had roughly a 2 year lifecycle until the D7000 appeared.
In december, Nikon announced the up to now highest resolution FX camera in the D-SLR line – the 24.5 MP D3x. Its price tag of 8.000 US $ caused initially a lot of stir in the market as the price increase to its immediate successor, the D2Xs, was a remarkable 70%. Luckily, the turmoil in foreign exchange rates made UK a very interesting D3X territory.
Nikon introduced 7 lenses in 2008. The PC-E 24mm/3.5D ED is the first lens with an electrival driven apterture, addressing a long standing limitation in the eveolution of the F-mount. The same date in january, Nikon introduced the nano coated AFS 60mm/2.8G Micro lense. With its flat field curvatore, this lens is one of the standard reference lense in terms of sharpness.
Later in the year, Nikon announced the AFS 16-85mm/3.5-5.6G VR DX lens as well as the PC-E 45mm/2.8 and 85mm/2.8 versions. Closing off the year were the kit lens AFS 18-108mm/3.5-5.6G VR DX and the AFS 50mm/1.4G
2009: Nikon D300s and Nikkor AFS 10-24mm/3.5-5.6G DX
In 2009, Nikon kept its pace from 2008 and introduced another 4 new bodies.
In April, the D5000 as kind of smaller D90 successor. Nikon seemingly tried to split the successful line into 2 successor lines – the D5000 at the lower end and the D7000 at the upper end.
2 years after the D300, Nikon announced the upgraded D300s in July. Just mentioning video capabilities. The D3000 as D60 successor was alos announced.
October marks the introduction of the current low-light high-ISO performer. The Nikon D3s. Comparing the D3s with the D1 easily demostrates the incredible rate of progress we had in such a short amount of time.
Februar: AFS 35mm/1.8G
April: AFS 10-24mm/3.5-5.6G DX (Successor to the AFS 12-24mm DX)
July: AFS 18-200mm/3.5-5.6G VR II DX (Successor to VR I)
July: AFS 70-200mm/2.8G VR II (outstanding lens, some people complained about focus breathing)
October: AFS 85mm/3.5 VR Micro (the first DX micro lens and for a reasonable price)
December: AFS 300mm/2.8 VR II (and Nano coating)
2010: Nikon D7000 and Nikkor AFS 35mm/1.4G
Only 2 bodies in 2010. In August, the D3100 was announced. This camera is remarkable in a sense, as it is rumored that this camera is the first Nikon D-SLR with a sensor designed and manufactured by Nikon. No comment from Nikon on this (of course). In September, the much anticipated D7000 was announced, as the D90 had such a huge community.
2010 marks the most productive year in Nikon's lens department – 9 new lenses in one year – world record!
All 3 fast primes were announced – AFS 24mm/1.4G, AFS 35mm/1.4G and AFS 85mm/1.4G
After 11 years, the successor of the legendary AFS 17-35mm/2.8 (introduced at the same day as the D1) was announced – the AFS 16-35mm/4G VR
2 pro lenses were upgraded – the AFS 200-400mm/4 VR II and the AFS 200mm/2 VR II
The first FX 11x super zoom lens hit the market, the AFS 28-300mm/3.5-5.6G VR
one DX lens – the FAS 55-300mm/3.5-5.6G DX VR
one universal light FX zoom – the 4th generation of the AFS 24-120mm/4G VR
2011: Nikon D5100 and Nikkor AFS 50mm/1.8G (as of June)
In March 2011 Nikon announced its 28th digital SLR body, the first with a tilt and swivel display. The Nikon D5100 with great HD video capabilities and the smae senso as the much higher priced D7000.
Lenses (actually only "Lens" as of today)
On April 13th, Nikon announced its last Nikkor lens, the AFS 50mm/1.8G
Closing words
Without a doubt, the first 12 years in Nikon's digital D-SLR history brought forward an incredible 28 new camrea models in basicall 4 product lines. Accompanied by 55 new lenses, people could hardly argue that there are still some holes in this portfolio.
On behalf of the Nikon Community out there, I'd like to thank Nikon for all the fun and joy they brought into peoples life, congratulate to the 12th birthday of the now legendary Nikon D1. Introduced back in the last millenium on june 15th, 1999 and we all look forward to the next 12 years. To put things in perspective, when Nikon announced the Nikon F camera in 1959 it took Nikon 12 years to introduce the next professional body, the Nikon F2 in 1971.
Hope you enjoyed the small historical journey,
I ran out of weekend time to write this story, completely underestimating the richness of the timeline and hence length such a story could take. Please read this article as an out of memory celebration to the 12 years we all enjoyed and I will potentially refine some parts over time going forward. I have way too much material to cover in one article.
I'd like to thank NPS Austria for their support.


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Each week, we'll introduce you to a different member of the Work It, Mom! community. This week, we got to know Earthmama a little better.
1.) What do you do?
I'm a part-time IT/Project Specialist, outside the home; at home, I am a part-time writer and local events coordinator for an online mom's magazine called Momtalk.com. I also have an online business, a quaint little store that offers a variety of earth friendly/socially conscious products.
2.) How did you end up in your current career?
I graduated college in the mid-90s with a Bachelors degree in Environmental Studies and Forest Resources. After several years travelling and working in various states, I realized I needed to find a career that actually paid the bills, so I continued my education in Information Technology. After 10 years in the IT field, I have decided to do what I really love, which is write and have my own biz in the Environmental field -- finally.
3.) What's your dream job?
In college, I was a raft guide on the Colorado River -- that was pretty awesome. At this point in my life, I am totally happy being mom to my beautiful children. BUT if I could do that AND be a wildlife photographer for National Geographic, that would be cool!
4.) Tell us a few things on your Life To-Do List.
Go to Ireland with my dad before he leaves this world forever. Write the novel about my mother. Make sure my children grow up to become independent adults, respectful of other people and other cultures. Travel to exotic places with my husband and children and experience the wonders of the world
5.) Would you want your kids to follow in your career footsteps?
I want my children to grow up knowing they can be whatever they want to be. I want them to choose a career that they love, not a career to "pay the bills." So, no, I do not want them to follow in my footsteps -- I wasted a lot of time and it took too long to get to where I am.
If you'd like to be part of our Member Close-Up feature, please email firstname.lastname@example.com. Be sure to join Work It, Mom! first, if you haven't already -- you do have to be a member to be considered!


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After repeated debunkings of "death panels," conservative media backtrack to "de facto death panels"
Just as former New York Lt. Gov. Betsy McCaughey backtracked on her false claim that the House health care reform bill would "absolutely require" end-of-life counseling, other conservative media figures are hedging their support for former Gov. Sarah Palin's false claim that the health care bill would create government "death panels" to decide who lives and dies. These conservatives are allowing that there won't be actual "death panels," but also claiming that the bill itself will inevitably lead to the government making end-of-life medical decisions, or as a Fox News chyron put it: "De Facto Death Panels."
McCaughey was forced to backtrack from her claim
After repeatedly falsely asserting that House Democrats' health care reform bill makes end-of-life counseling for seniors "mandatory," McCaughey was forced to backtrack from that claim after it was demonstrated to be false, saying she was right about the effect (if not the literal wording) of the legislation. According to a July 28 Politico article, when asked about criticism of the claim, McCaughey stated that "[i]n so many words" the bill would make end-of-life counseling mandatory because "although it is presented in the bill as a Medicare service, when a doctor or a nurse approaches an elderly person who is in poor health, facing a decline in health, and raises these issues, it is not offering a service. It is pressuring them."
"Death panels" has been shot down over and over again
Media debunked claim more than 40 times. Media Matters for America documented numerous instances of the media debunking right-wing claims that the House health care reform bill would encourage euthanasia of the elderly, including Palin's "death panel" claim and McCaughey's claim that that the bill would "absolutely require" that seniors on Medicare undergo end-of-life counseling "that will tell them how to end their life sooner."
Conservative media following McCaughey in backpedaling
Faced with repeated debunkings, conservative media figures have begun claiming that there won't be any actual government-run "death panels," but that the health care bill will have the same effect as a "death panel" through "rationing" of end-of-life care.
Fox News suggests "Defacto Death Panels." The August 19 edition of Fox & Friends featured a discussion with Fox News contributor Dick Morris about his August 17 New York Post column alleging that Democratic health care reform proposals amount to "one giant death panel." During the segment, on-screen text read, "Defacto Death Panels? Obama Plan Could Result in Rationing" :
From the August 19 edition of Fox News' Fox & Friends:
GRETCHEN CARLSON (co-host): Seventeen minutes after the top of the hour. Democrats have been scrambling to put to bed the rumors that death panels that will decide the fate of your loved ones is a part of health care reform. But our next guest says it doesn't matter, because the whole bill is one giant death panel. Joining us now is Fox News contributor Dick Morris, the author of The New York Times best-seller Catastrophe. Good morning to you, Dick.
MORRIS: Good morning, Gretchen.
CARLSON: All right, you're one to tell it like it is. So you're saying that whether or not they get rid of these panels, the whole thing is still a death panel? What do you mean?
MORRIS: Yeah, I mean, there never was a three-judge body that would say you're gonna live or you're gonna die. The reason that people spoke about death panels is because there was end-of-life information and living wills and counseling, which isn't a bad idea. The problem is that people were forced into it -- or will be forced into it under this bill because they're going to make major cuts in Medicare and expand the number of patients without expanding the number of doctors.
So patients are going to be told at the age of 75 or 80, no, you can't have that bypass surgery, you can't have that advanced cancer drug. And then the patient says, but I'll die without it. And they'll say, well, we're sorry, you just can't have it. And at that point, yeah, you need end-of-life counseling, because they're confronting you with the end of your life. And it's -- the system inevitably is one that forces people to make those kinds of decisions, because it closes off their other options because they're inefficient.
Morris: "The whole 'reform' scheme is one giant death panel in its own right." From Morris' and Eileen McGann's August 17 New York Post column:
Washington is all atwitter about "death panels" : President Obama derides the idea that his health-care reform calls for them; the Senate is stripping "end of life" counseling language from its bill -- and last Friday the voice of the liberal establishment, The New York Times, ran a Page One story "rebutting" the rumor that ObamaCare would create such boards to decide when to pull the plug on elderly patients.
But all those protests miss the fundamental truth of the "death panel" charge.
Even without a federal board voting on whom to kill, ObamaCare will ration care extensively, leading to the same result. This follows inevitably from central features of the president's plan.
In short, ObamaCare doesn't need to set up "death panels" to make retail decisions about ending the lives of individual patients. The whole "reform" scheme is one giant death panel in its own right.
Glenn Beck: "The death panel isn't a firing squad. Sarah Palin made a point -- I guess you could say in an inflammatory way." From the August 14 edition of Fox News' Glenn Beck:
BECK: The death panel isn't a firing squad. Sarah Palin made a point -- I guess you could say in an inflammatory way. But when you implement a government health system, as they have found out in the U.K. and everywhere else on the planet, you are left with no other choice. That's just the way it is. Rationing is inevitable, and they know it. When -- when will someone in the media expose all of the lies?
BECK: Anyway, tell me about -- am I wrong in saying, without any inflammatory speech here -- don't call them death panels, just let's call them what they are. You have a certain amount of money and a certain amount of people. You can't -- they don't -- you can't give everything to everybody. Isn't it inevitable that you have to make tough choices?
DR. RAND PAUL (Kentucky Taxpayers United): Well, you know, the president says he's not going to pull the plug on grandma, but I think what he really means is he's not going to put the plug in in the first place. Because you have to decide -- some committee is going to decide what is the cost-benefit analysis for grandma?
BECK: Right.
PAUL: Grandma is not just your grandmother, she's a statistic. And we have to decide, what is the cost to society to keep her alive? And I think she won't get plugged in. Her ventilator won't be plugged in if she's 92 years old --
BECK: Right.
PAUL: -- because society may say we don't have enough money to do that.
Robert Painter: Palin warned of "slippery slope" to "hospital-run" death panels. From attorney Robert Painter's August 19 Washington Times op-ed:
Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin, who says President Obama's heath care reform would result in "death panels," needs to look no further than Texas to see a slippery slope like the one she envisions.
In Texas, a legislative provision that many thought was an innocuous proposal to help people has been twisted to snatch end-of-life decisions out of the hands of families.
The provision to which Mrs. Palin refers, Section 1233 of America's Affordable Health Choices Act of 2009, would allow Medicare to pay doctors to counsel or steer end-of-life decisions for a patient every five years or more often "if there is a significant change in the health condition of the individual" or an admission to a nursing home or long-term care facility. Both the White House and some members of Congress dispute Mrs. Palin's contention about how this language would play out, but based on what has happened in Texas, Americans should heed her warning.
One of the drawbacks of trying to overhaul an industry as large and sweeping as health care on the short schedule demanded by the president is that there is not time to study how the legislation would work in the context of existing state law.
The truth is, for many states, Mrs. Palin's assessment likely is dead-on, except the "death panels" would be hospital-run, not government-run. Consider Texas. The Texas Advance Directives Act of 1999 became law with support from a broad ideological spectrum, but one of its unintended consequences has been astounding. When a patient or family wants health care to continue but the attending physician does not, the Texas law allows a hospital committee to have the final say under the amorphous concept of "medical futility."
Sen. Charles E. Grassley, Iowa Republican, is rightly concerned that the end-of-life provisions in the proposed federal law could be "misinterpreted and implemented incorrectly." Federal lawmakers interested in protecting individual and patient rights need to study carefully the end-of-life provisions with the understanding that the law will be implemented in health care settings governed under 50 different sets of state law.
Admittedly, the warning of "death panels" is a shocking claim. But when I inform people of the effect of the Texas law and how it has trampled on individual rights, they are understandably shocked. If the Texas Advance Directives Act has shown us anything, it is that governments should leave end-of-life decisions to patients and their families.
John Stossel: "Even if some conservative Republican critics are wrong about Section 1233, there is good reason to worry about Obama's nationalization scheme." From ABC 20/20 anchor John Stossel's August 19 Townhall.com column:
False charges about Obamacare don't help.
Like the end-of-life tempest. Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin popularized the term "death panels." She said: "The America I know and love is not one in which my parents or my baby with Down syndrome will have to stand in front of Obama's 'death panel' so his bureaucrats can decide, based on a subjective judgment of their 'level of productivity in society,' whether they are worthy of health care" .
The charge that the House and Senate health care bills would mandate end-of-life counseling -- hence "death panels" -- caught on. Rush Limbaugh, defending Palin's charge, said, "(D)eath panels ... it's a great way to phrase this end-of-life counseling."
Republican Sen. Chuck Grassley of Iowa piled on: "You have every right to fear. ... We should not have a government program that determines if you're going to pull the plug on grandma."
But no bill in Congress mandates end-of-life counseling, much less "death panels." And there's a deeper problem. When opponents of nationalization make such easily refuted charges, supporters of nationalization gain the upper hand. All criticism is undermined. Neutral observers can easily conclude, "If the death-panel claim is false, why believe anything else the critics say?"
That would be a disaster.
But even if some conservative Republican critics are wrong about Section 1233, there is good reason to worry about Obama's nationalization scheme.
The reason can be found in Econ 101. Medical care doesn't grow on trees. It must be produced by human and physical capital, and those resources are limited. Therefore, if demand for health care services increases -- which is Obama's point in extending health insurance -- prices must go up. But somehow Obama also promises, "I won't sign a bill that doesn't reduce health care inflation."
This is magical thinking. Obama, talented as he is, can't repeal the laws of supply and demand. Costs are real. If they are incurred, someone has to pay them. But as economist Thomas Sowell points out, politicians can control costs -- by refusing to pay for the services.
It's called rationing.
Advocates of nationalization hate that word because it forces them to face an ugly truth. If government pays for more people's health care and wants to control costs, it must limit what we buy.
So much for Obama's promise not to interfere with our freedom of choice.
This brings us back to end-of-life consultation. As the government's health care budget becomes strained, as it must -- and, as Obama admits, already is under Medicare -- the government will have to cut back on what it lets people have.
So it is not a leap to foresee government limiting health care, especially to people nearing the end of life. Medical "ethicists" have long lamented that too much money is spent futilely in the last several months of life. Are we supposed to believe that the social engineers haven't read their writings?


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Artwork title:
Hopi Patriarch (Su-pe-la)
Woodblock print. One of 40 impressions. Signed in graphite lower right. Fine condition. Carl Oskar Borg (March 3, 1879 – May 8, 1947) was a Swedish born, American painter who was known for themes of the Southwestern United States.Borg was born into a poor family in Västergötland , Sweden. He moved to London at age 20 to assist portrait and marine artist George Johansen. In 1901, he sailed for the United States. Borg taught art at the California Art Institute in Los Angeles and at the Santa Barbara School of the Arts. He became a protege of American philanthropist and art patron Phoebe Hearst. She gave him the opportunity to return to Europe to study art.Borg was influenced by the nature of the southwestern United States, especially the states of Arizona and New Mexico. He worked in various mediums including oil, watercolor, etchings, and woodblock. He was commissioned to paint posters for the railway company, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. His posters were put up on the company's sales offices and attracted attention. He was known for his dramatic paintings of the Grand Canyon. Borg was a founding member of the Painter's Club of Los Angeles and the California Art Club. He was one of the first art directors for a major movie studio in Hollywood and he worked with the production of silent films in the years 1925-1928 with Sam Goldwyn, Douglas Fairbanks and Cecil B. de Mille. Examples of his art are on display at Brigham Young University, Harvard University, Smithsonian American Art Museum and the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco.[Laird: Carl Oscar Borg, p. 113].


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STAGE TUBE: THE BOOK OF MORMON's Michael James Scott Makes Appearance in THE CARRIE DIARIES!
The CW has just released a new sneak peek of its upcoming midseason series THE CARRIE DIARIES, which premieres on January 14. Check out a full preview below, which features an appearance from THE BOOK OF MORMON's Michael James Scott, below!
THE CARRIE DIARIES takes place in 1984, where life is not easy for 16-year-old Carrie Bradshaw. Since their mother passed away, Carrie's younger sister Dorritt is more rebellious than ever, and their father Tom is overwhelmed with the responsibility of suddenly having to care for two teenage girls on his own. Carrie's friends - sweet, geeky Mouse, sarcastic and self-assured Maggie and sensitive Walt - make life bearable, but a suburban life in Connecticut isn't doing much to take her mind off her troubles. And even though the arrival of a sexy new transfer student named Sebastian brings some excitement to Carrie's world, she is struggling to move on from her grief. So when Tom offers Carrie the chance to intern at a law firm in Manhattan, she leaps at the chance. Carrie's eyes are opened wide at the glamour and grit of New York City - and when she meets Larissa, the Style editor for Interview magazine, she's inspired by the club culture and unique individuals that make up Larissa's world. Carrie's friends and family may have a big place in her heart, but she's fallen in love for the first time with the most important man in her life - Manhattan.
The series stars AnnaSophia Robb ("Soul Surfer") as Carrie Bradshaw; Stefania Owen ("Running Wilde," "The Lovely Bones") as Dorrit Bradshaw; Ellen Wong ("Scott Pilgrim vs. the World," "Combat Hospital") as Mouse; Katie Findlay ("The Killing," "SGU Stargate Universe") as Maggie; Chloe Bridges ("90210") as Donna; Austin Butler ("Switched at Birth," "Life Unexpected") as Sebastian; Brendan Dooling ("An Elf's Story: The Elf on the Shelf") as Walt; Freema Agyeman ("Doctor Who," "Law & Order: UK") as Larissa and Matt Letscher ("Brothers and Sisters," "Entourage") as Tom.
Based on the novels by Candace Bushnell, THE CARRIE DIARIES is from Warner Bros. Television and CBS Television Studios, in association with Fake Empire, with executive producers Josh Schwartz ("Hart of Dixie," "Gossip Girl"), Stephanie Savage ("Hart of Dixie," "Gossip Girl"), Len Goldstein ("Hart of Dixie") Amy B. Harris ("Gossip Girl") and Candace Bushnell.


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Jeff Fabry emerges with gold after dramatic semifinal win
Jeff Fabry is the first gold medalist for USA Archery in the Olympic or Paralympic Games since 1996.
LONDON — London's Royal Artillery Barracks was the scene of one of the most dramatic contests of the London 2012 Paralympic Games. After shattering his bow in the semifinals Monday, Jeff Fabry prevailed to make it to the gold medal match.
He won and became the first U.S. archer to win a Paralympic Games gold since 1984. In a later match in the men's compound – open, Matt Stutzman, known as the "Inspirational Archer", won the silver medal. Eric Bennett was fourth in the men's individual recurve – standing.
"On the follow-through [from the last shot of second set] the bow slipped out of my hand. As soon as the cam [the pulley device] hit the ground, the strings went," Fabry explained. It was then that a semifinal win and an appearance in the gold medal match seemed unlikely.
Archery matches consist of up to five sets in which archers shoot three arrows each. The archer who wins the set receives two points. If the archers tie, each receives one point. First archer with six points wins.
In the semifinal match of the men's compound W1 against Norbert Murphy of Canada, American Fabry was seemingly in control of the set 3-1. He won the first set handily and dramatically shot a 10 point bulls-eye on the final shot of the second set to tie. On that final shot, Fabry's bow slipped and crashed to the ground.
"I normally do have a second bow and I always bring it with me," he said. "But I had left it in the tent and I didn't know if they (the officials) were going to give me the time."
With a trip to the gold medal match on the line, Fabry was without a functional bow. After conferencing with his coach, Fabry frantically made his way back to the practice facility to retrieve his backup bow.
In the meantime, the match went on without him. Murphy scored an eight on his first shot.
No sign of Fabry.
His shot clock ran down to zero and he was awarded no points.
Murphy aimed and fired off his second shot. Once again, eight points. Another zero for Fabry who was still nowhere to be found when his 20 second shot timer expired again.
Murphy took his third and final shot of the set and awaited Fabry's return. Fabry made it back to the shooting line just as the horn sounded to end of his third turn. Not only was he was unable to make a shot in the third round, he was not even able to attempt one.
Fabry started off the fourth round right where he left off before the bow woes. He won the round 27-26 and finished off the eventual London 2012 Paralympic Games bronze medalist Murphy in the fourth round with a score of 27-22.
Not a bad win for someone who missed an entire round.
"That's about as much excitement as I want to have," he said. "I'm just happy to get through that match."
In the gold medal match, Fabry faced off against the defending gold medalist from the Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games, David Drahoninsky of the Czech Republic. After winning the first set by shooting three 10s for a score of 30-29, Fabry dropped the second set 29-26.
Fabry bounced back and secured the gold medal by winning the fourth and fifth sets, both by scores of 29-27. "We came here and did hard work and got the job finished," Fabry said.
It is the first gold medal for USA Archery in the Olympic or Paralympic Games since 1996.
"I have achieved another step on the archery platform," said Fabry, who won bronze at the Athens 2004 and Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games. "Winning gold has taken me three (Paralympic) Games so I'm proud."
Stutzman was able to avoid disaster in his semifinal match in the men's compound open against Guille Rodriguez Gonzalez of Spain but the match was not without drama. Stutzman staged two comebacks in the match to force a fifth and final set.
After the Spaniard won the first set, Stutzman evened things out by winning the second. Rodriguez Gonzalez won the third set and Stutzman countered with a magnificent fourth set victory. In the fifth and final set, Stutzman was perfect, shooting three 10 point arrows that set up a gold medal match against Jere Forsberg of Finland.
"My goal was to inspire somebody, even if it was just one person, with my positive attitude," Stutzman said. "Never say never. If I can do this, with no arms, anything is possible. I have enjoyed every minute of it. It makes me want to try harder in 2016."
In that final, Forsberg was not going to be denied. He began the match by shooting five straight 10 point arrows. After losing the first two sets, Stutzman put up a fight, tying the third and winning fourth sets.
That comeback set up a crucial fifth set. After both archers started the set shooting two 10s, Stutzman's third arrow landed dead center of the target for ten points. Forsberg needed to shoot a 10 to win gold on his final shot and calmly did so.
"I hope that America is proud of me as well as Jeff," Stutzman said.


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High on the Great Dividing Range and overlooking the Lockyer Valley, Preston is a locality that makes for great explorations, whether by four wheel drive, trail bike or on foot through the bushland.
Preston Peak Wines is the perfect location to appreciate fine wine and soak in the spectacular scenery. The gorgeous Preston Village Chapel which has been carefully restored is just perfect for weddings!
Note: Information on listed products and services are provided by the operator and were correct at the time of publishing. Rates are indicative based on the minimum and maximum available prices of products and services. Please visit the operator's website for further information. All prices quoted are in Australian dollars (AUD).