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Working with XML on Android
Build Java applications for mobile devices
Getting started
Learn to build Android applications that can work with XML from the Internet. Android applications are written in the Java™ programming language, so experience with Java technology is a must-have. To develop for Android, you will need the Android SDK. All of the code shown in this article will work with any version of the Android SDK, but SDK 1.5_pre was used to develop the code. You can develop Android applications with just the SDK and a text editor, but it is much easier to use the Android Developer Tools (ADT), an Eclipse plugin. For this article, version 0.9 of ADT was used with Eclipse 3.4.2, Java edition.
XML on Android
The Android platform is an open source mobile development platform. It gives you access to all aspects of the mobile device that it runs on, from low level graphics, to hardware like the camera on a phone. With so many things possible using Android, you might wonder why you need to bother with XML. It is not that working with XML is so interesting; it is working with the things that it enables. XML is commonly used as a data format on the Internet. If you want to access data from the Internet, chances are that the data will be in the form of XML. If you want to send data to a Web service, you might also need to send XML. In short, if your Android application will leverage the Internet, then you will probably need to work with XML. Luckily, you have a lot of options available for working with XML on Android.
XML parsers
One of the greatest strengths of the Android platform is that it leverages the Java programming language. The Android SDK does not quite offer everything available to your standard Java Runtime Environment (JRE,) but it supports a very significant fraction of it. The Java platform has supported many different ways to work with XML for quite some time, and most of Java's XML-related APIs are fully supported on Android. For example, Java's Simple API for XML (SAX) and the Document Object Model (DOM) are both available on Android. Both of these APIs have been part of Java technology for many years. The newer Streaming API for XML (StAX) is not available in Android. However, Android provides a functionally equivalent library. Finally, the Java XML Binding API is also not available in Android. This API could surely be implemented in Android. However, it tends to be a heavyweight API, with many instances of many different classes often needed to represent an XML document. Thus, it is less than ideal for a constrained environment such as the handheld devices that Android is designed to run on. In the following sections, you will take a simple source of XML available on the Internet, and see how to parse it within an Android application using the various APIs mentioned above. First, look at the essential parts of the simple application that will use XML from the Internet.
Android news reader
The application will take an RSS feed from the popular Android developer site Androidster and parse it into a list of simple Java objects that you can use to back an Android ListView (see Downloads for the source code). This is classic polymorphic behavior — different implementations (different XML parsing algorithms) that provide the same behavior. Listing 1 shows how easily you can model this in Java code using an interface.
Listing 1. XML feed parser interface
package org.developerworks.android; import java.util.List; public interface FeedParser { List<Message> parse(); }
In Listing 2, the
Message class is a
classic Plain Old Java Object (POJO) that represents a data structure.
Listing 2. The
public class Message implements Comparable<Message>{ static SimpleDateFormat FORMATTER = new SimpleDateFormat("EEE, dd MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss Z"); private String title; private URL link; private String description; private Date date; // getters and setters omitted for brevity public void setLink(String link) { try { this.link = new URL(link); } catch (MalformedURLException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } public String getDate() { return FORMATTER.format(this.date); } public void setDate(String date) { // pad the date if necessary while (!date.endsWith("00")){ date += "0"; } try { this.date = FORMATTER.parse(date.trim()); } catch (ParseException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } @Override public String toString() { // omitted for brevity } @Override public int hashCode() { // omitted for brevity } @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { // omitted for brevity } // sort by date public int compareTo(Message another) { if (another == null) return 1; // sort descending, most recent first return another.date.compareTo(date); } }
Message, in Listing 2, is mostly straightforward. It
does hide some of its internal state by allowing dates and links to be
accessed as simple strings, while representing them as more strongly typed
objects (a
java.util.Date and a
It is a classic Value Object, thus it implements
equals() and
hashCode() based upon its internal state. It also implements
Comparable interface so you can use it for sorting (by
date). In practice, the data always comes sorted from the feed, so this is
not necessary.
Each of the parser implementations will need to take a URL to the Androidster feed and use this to open an HTTP connection to the Androidster site. This common behavior is naturally modeled in Java code using an abstract base class as in Listing 3.
Listing 3. Base feed parser class
public abstract class BaseFeedParser implements FeedParser { // names of the XML tags static final String PUB_DATE = "pubDate"; static final String DESCRIPTION = "description"; static final String LINK = "link"; static final String TITLE = "title"; static final String ITEM = "item"; final URL feedUrl; protected BaseFeedParser(String feedUrl){ try { this.feedUrl = new URL(feedUrl); } catch (MalformedURLException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } protected InputStream getInputStream() { try { return feedUrl.openConnection().getInputStream(); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } }
The base class stores the
feedUrl and uses it to open a
java.io.InputStream. If anything goes wrong, it simply throws
RuntimeException, so that the application simply fails
quickly. The base class also defines some simple constants for the names
of the tags. Listing 4 shows some sample content from
the feed, so that you can see the significance of these tags.
Listing 4. Sample XML feed
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- generator="FeedCreator 1.7.2" --> <rss version="2.0"> <channel> <title>android_news</title> <description>android_news</description> <link>http://www.androidster.com/android_news.php</link> <lastBuildDate>Sun, 19 Apr 2009 19:43:45 +0100</lastBuildDate> <generator>FeedCreator 1.7.2</generator> <item> <title>Samsung S8000 to Run Android, Play DivX, Take Over the World</title> <link>http://www.androidster.com/android_news/samsung-s8000-to-run-android- play-divx-take-over-the-world</link> <description>More details have emerged on the first Samsung handset to run Android. A yet-to-be announced phone called the S8000 is being reported ...</description> <pubDate>Thu, 16 Apr 2009 07:18:51 +0100</pubDate> </item> <item> <title>Android Cupcake Update on the Horizon</title> <link>http://www.androidster.com/android_news/android-cupcake-update- on-the-horizon</link> <description>After months of discovery and hearsay, the Android build that we have all been waiting for is about to finally make it out ...</description> <pubDate>Tue, 14 Apr 2009 04:13:21 +0100</pubDate> </item> </channel> </rss>
As you can see from the sample in Listing 4, an
ITEM corresponds to a
Message instance. The
child nodes of item (
LINK, and so on)
correspond to the properties of the
Message instance. Now
that you know what the feed looks like, and have all of the common parts
in place, take a look at how to parse this feed using the various
technologies available on Android. You will start with SAX.
Using SAX
In a Java environment, you can often use the SAX API when you want a fast
parser and want to minimize the memory footprint of your application. That
makes it very well suited for a mobile device running Android. You can use
the SAX API as-is from the Java environment, with no special modifications
needed to run on Android. Listing 5 shows a SAX
implementation of the
FeedParser interface.
Listing 5. SAX implementation
public class SaxFeedParser extends BaseFeedParser { protected SaxFeedParser(String feedUrl){ super(feedUrl); } public List<Message> parse() { SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance(); try { SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser(); RssHandler handler = new RssHandler(); parser.parse(this.getInputStream(), handler); return handler.getMessages(); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } }
If you have used SAX before, this looks pretty familiar. As with any SAX
implementation, most of the details are in the SAX handler. The handler
receives events from the SAX parser as it rips through the XML document.
In this case, you have created a new class called
and registered it as the handler for the parser, as in Listing 6.
Listing 6. The SAX handler
import static org.developerworks.android.BaseFeedParser.*; public class RssHandler extends DefaultHandler{ private List<Message> messages; private Message currentMessage; private StringBuilder builder; public List<Message> getMessages(){ return this.messages; } @Override public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException { super.characters(ch, start, length); builder.append(ch, start, length); } @Override public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String name) throws SAXException { super.endElement(uri, localName, name); if (this.currentMessage != null){ if (localName.equalsIgnoreCase(TITLE)){ currentMessage.setTitle(builder.toString()); } else if (localName.equalsIgnoreCase(LINK)){ currentMessage.setLink(builder.toString()); } else if (localName.equalsIgnoreCase(DESCRIPTION)){ currentMessage.setDescription(builder.toString()); } else if (localName.equalsIgnoreCase(PUB_DATE)){ currentMessage.setDate(builder.toString()); } else if (localName.equalsIgnoreCase(ITEM)){ messages.add(currentMessage); } builder.setLength(0); } } @Override public void startDocument() throws SAXException { super.startDocument(); messages = new ArrayList<Message>(); builder = new StringBuilder(); } @Override public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String name, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException { super.startElement(uri, localName, name, attributes); if (localName.equalsIgnoreCase(ITEM)){ this.currentMessage = new Message(); } } }
RssHandler class extends the
org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler class. This class provides
default, no-op implementations for all of the methods that correspond to
the events raised by the SAX parser. This allows subclasses to only
override methods as needed. The
RssHandler has one additional
getMessages. This returns the list of
Message objects that the handler collects as it receives
events from the SAX parser. It has two other internal variables, a
currentMessage for a
Message instance that is
being parsed, and a
StringBuilder variable called
builder that stores character data from text nodes. These are
both initialized when the
startDocument method is invoked
when the parser sends the corresponding event to the handler.
Take a look at the
startElement method in Listing 6. This is called every time an opening tag is
encountered in the XML document. You only care when that tag is an
ITEM tag. In that case you create a new
Now look at the
characters method. This is called when
character data from text nodes is encountered. The data is simply added to
builder variable. Finally look at the
endElement method. This is called when an end tag is
encountered. For the tags corresponding to properties of a
Message, like
TITLE and
LINK, the
appropriate property is set on the
currentMessage using the
data from the
builder variable. If the end tag is an
ITEM, then the
currentMessage is added to the
list of Messages. This is all very typical SAX parsing; nothing here is
unique to Android. So if you know how to write a Java SAX parser, then you
know how to write an Android SAX parser. However, the Android SDK does add
some convenience features on top of SAX.
Easier SAX parsing
The Android SDK contains a utility class called
android.util.Xml. Listing 7 shows how to
setup a SAX parser with that same utility class.
Listing 7. Android SAX parser
public class AndroidSaxFeedParser extends BaseFeedParser { public AndroidSaxFeedParser(String feedUrl) { super(feedUrl); } public List<Message> parse() { RssHandler handler = new RssHandler(); try { Xml.parse(this.getInputStream(), Xml.Encoding.UTF_8, handler); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } return handler.getMessages(); } }
Notice that this class still uses a standard SAX handler, so you simply
reused the
RssHandler shown above in Listing
7. Being able to reuse SAX handler is great, but it is a somewhat
complicated piece of code. You can imagine, if you had to parse a much
more complex XML document, that the handler might become a breeding ground
for bugs. For example, look back at the
endElement method in
Listing 6. Notice how it checks if the
currentMessage is null before it tries to set properties? Now
take a look back at the sample XML in Listing 4.
Notice that there are
TITLE and
LINK tags
outside of the
ITEM tags. That is why the null check was put
in. Otherwise the first
TITLE tag can cause a
NullPointerException. Android includes its own variant of the
SAX API (see Listing 8) that removes the need for you
to write your own SAX handler.
Listing 8. Simplified Android SAX parser
public class AndroidSaxFeedParser extends BaseFeedParser { public AndroidSaxFeedParser(String feedUrl) { super(feedUrl); } public List<Message> parse() { final Message currentMessage = new Message(); RootElement root = new RootElement("rss"); final List<Message> messages = new ArrayList<Message>(); Element channel = root.getChild("channel"); Element item = channel.getChild(ITEM); item.setEndElementListener(new EndElementListener(){ public void end() { messages.add(currentMessage.copy()); } }); item.getChild(TITLE).setEndTextElementListener(new EndTextElementListener(){ public void end(String body) { currentMessage.setTitle(body); } }); item.getChild(LINK).setEndTextElementListener(new EndTextElementListener(){ public void end(String body) { currentMessage.setLink(body); } }); item.getChild(DESCRIPTION).setEndTextElementListener(new EndTextElementListener(){ public void end(String body) { currentMessage.setDescription(body); } }); item.getChild(PUB_DATE).setEndTextElementListener(new EndTextElementListener(){ public void end(String body) { currentMessage.setDate(body); } }); try { Xml.parse(this.getInputStream(), Xml.Encoding.UTF_8, root.getContentHandler()); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } return messages; } }
As promised, the new SAX parsing code does not use a SAX handler. Instead
it uses classes from the android.sax package in the SDK. These allow you
to model the structure of your XML document and add an event listener as
needed. In the above code, you declare that your document will have a root
element called
rss and that this element will have a child
element called
channel. Then you say that
channel will have a child element called
and you start to attach listeners. For each listener, you used an
anonymous inner class that implemented the interface that you were
interested in (either
EndElementListner or
EndTextElementListener). Notice there was no need to keep
track of character data. Not only is this simpler, but it is actually more
efficient. Finally, when you invoke the Xml.parse utility method, you now
pass in a handler that is generated from the root element.
All of the above code in Listing 8 is optional. If you are comfortable with standard SAX parsing code in the Java environment, then you can stick to that. If you want to try out the convenience wrappers provided by the Android SDK, you can use that as well. What if you do not want to use SAX at all? Some alternatives are available. The first one you will look at is DOM.
Working with DOM
DOM parsing on Android is fully supported. It works exactly as it works in Java code that you would run on a desktop machine or a server. Listing 9 shows a DOM-based implementation of the parser interface.
Listing 9. DOM-based implementation of feed parser
public class DomFeedParser extends BaseFeedParser { protected DomFeedParser(String feedUrl) { super(feedUrl); } public List<Message> parse() { DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); List<Message> messages = new ArrayList<Message>(); try { DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder(); Document dom = builder.parse(this.getInputStream()); Element root = dom.getDocumentElement(); NodeList items = root.getElementsByTagName(ITEM); for (int i=0;i<items.getLength();i++){ Message message = new Message(); Node item = items.item(i); NodeList properties = item.getChildNodes(); for (int j=0;j<properties.getLength();j++){ Node property = properties.item(j); String name = property.getNodeName(); if (name.equalsIgnoreCase(TITLE)){ message.setTitle(property.getFirstChild().getNodeValue()); } else if (name.equalsIgnoreCase(LINK)){ message.setLink(property.getFirstChild().getNodeValue()); } else if (name.equalsIgnoreCase(DESCRIPTION)){ StringBuilder text = new StringBuilder(); NodeList chars = property.getChildNodes(); for (int k=0;k<chars.getLength();k++){ text.append(chars.item(k).getNodeValue()); } message.setDescription(text.toString()); } else if (name.equalsIgnoreCase(PUB_DATE)){ message.setDate(property.getFirstChild().getNodeValue()); } } messages.add(message); } } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } return messages; } }
Like the first SAX example, nothing is Android-specific about this code. The DOM parser reads all of the XML document into memory and then allows you to use the DOM APIs to transverse the XML tree, retrieving the data that you want. This is very straightforward code, and, in some ways, simpler than the SAX-based implementations. However, DOM generally consumes more memory as everything is read into memory first. This can be a problem on mobile devices that run Android, but it can be satisfactory in certain use cases where the size of the XML document will never be very large. One might imply that the developers of Android guessed that SAX parsing would be much more common on Android applications, hence the extra utilities provided for it. One other type of XML parser is available to you on Android, and that is the pull parser.
The XML pull parser
As mentioned earlier, Android does not provide support for Java's StAX API. However, Android does come with a pull parser that works similarly to StAX. It allows your application code to pull or seek events from the parser, as opposed to the SAX parser that automatically pushes events to the handler. Listing 10 shows a pull parser implementation of the feed parser interface.
Listing 10. Pull parser based implementation
public class XmlPullFeedParser extends BaseFeedParser { public XmlPullFeedParser(String feedUrl) { super(feedUrl); } public List<Message> parse() { List<Message> messages = null; XmlPullParser parser = Xml.newPullParser(); try { // auto-detect the encoding from the stream parser.setInput(this.getInputStream(), null); int eventType = parser.getEventType(); Message currentMessage = null; boolean done = false; while (eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT && !done){ String name = null; switch (eventType){ case XmlPullParser.START_DOCUMENT: messages = new ArrayList<Message>(); break; case XmlPullParser.START_TAG: name = parser.getName(); if (name.equalsIgnoreCase(ITEM)){ currentMessage = new Message(); } else if (currentMessage != null){ if (name.equalsIgnoreCase(LINK)){ currentMessage.setLink(parser.nextText()); } else if (name.equalsIgnoreCase(DESCRIPTION)){ currentMessage.setDescription(parser.nextText()); } else if (name.equalsIgnoreCase(PUB_DATE)){ currentMessage.setDate(parser.nextText()); } else if (name.equalsIgnoreCase(TITLE)){ currentMessage.setTitle(parser.nextText()); } } break; case XmlPullParser.END_TAG: name = parser.getName(); if (name.equalsIgnoreCase(ITEM) && currentMessage != null){ messages.add(currentMessage); } else if (name.equalsIgnoreCase(CHANNEL)){ done = true; } break; } eventType = parser.next(); } } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } return messages; } }
A pull parser works similarly to a SAX parser. It has similar events (start
element, end element) but you have to pull from them
(parser.next()). The events are sent as numeric codes, so you
can use a simple case-switch. Notice that, instead of listening for the
end of elements as in SAX parsing, with pull parsing, it is simple to do
most of your processing at the beginning. In the code in Listing 10, when an element starts, you can call
parser.nextText() to pull all of the character data from the
XML document. This offers a nice simplification to SAX parsing. Also
notice that you set a flag (the boolean variable
done) to
identify when you reach the end of the content that you are interested in.
This lets you halt the reading of the XML document early, as you know that
the code will not care about the rest of the document. This can be very
useful, especially if you only need a small portion of the XML document
being accessed. You can greatly reduce the parsing time by stopping the
parsing as soon as possible. Again, this kind of optimization is
especially important on mobile devices where the connection speed can be
slow. The pull parser can have some nice performance advantages as well as
ease of use. It can also be used to write XML.
Creating XML
So far, I have concentrated on parsing XML from the Internet. However,
sometimes your application might need to send XML to a remote server. You
can obviously just use a
StringBuilder or something similar
to create an XML string. Another alternative comes from the pull parser in
Listing 11.
Listing 11. Writing XML with pull parser
private String writeXml(List<Message> messages){ XmlSerializer serializer = Xml.newSerializer(); StringWriter writer = new StringWriter(); try { serializer.setOutput(writer); serializer.startDocument("UTF-8", true); serializer.startTag("", "messages"); serializer.attribute("", "number", String.valueOf(messages.size())); for (Message msg: messages){ serializer.startTag("", "message"); serializer.attribute("", "date", msg.getDate()); serializer.startTag("", "title"); serializer.text(msg.getTitle()); serializer.endTag("", "title"); serializer.startTag("", "url"); serializer.text(msg.getLink().toExternalForm()); serializer.endTag("", "url"); serializer.startTag("", "body"); serializer.text(msg.getDescription()); serializer.endTag("", "body"); serializer.endTag("", "message"); } serializer.endTag("", "messages"); serializer.endDocument(); return writer.toString(); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } }
XmlSerializer class is part of the same package as the
XmlPullParser used in the previous
section. Instead of pulling in events, it pushes them out to a
stream or a writer. In this case it simply pushes them to a
java.io.StringWriter instance. It provides a straightforward
API with methods to start and end a document, process elements, and add
text or attributes. This can be a nice alternative to using a
StringBuilder, as it is easier to ensure your XML is well
What kind of application do you want to build for Android devices? Whatever it is, if it needs to work with data from the Internet, then it probably needs to work with XML. In this article, you saw that Android comes loaded with lots of tools for dealing with XML. You can pick just one of these as your tool-of-choice, or you can pick and choose based on the use case. Most of the time the safe pick is to go with SAX, and Android gives you both a traditional way to do SAX and a slick convenience wrapper on top of SAX. If your document is small, then perhaps DOM is the simpler way to go. If your document is large, but you only need part of the document, then the XML pull parser might be a more efficient way to go. Finally, for writing XML, the pull parser package provides a convenient way to do that as well. So, whatever your XML needs are, the Android SDK has something for you.
Downloadable resources
- PDF of this content
- Code sample (AndroidXml.zip | 70KB)


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Candlelight Vigil Held for Treveon Marshall
COLUMBIA - Friends and family of Treveon Marshall gathered at McKee Park with members of the community for a candlelight vigil for Marshall Tuesday night.
Marshall, a 17-year-old former Hickman High School student, was shot and killed in the park Sunday night.
The vigil included prayers and challenges to the crowd to help end violence by cooperating with the police investigation and banding together as a community.
The family is accepting donations to help pay for Marshall's burial. The family needs to raise about $6,000 for the total expenses. Donations can be made at Boone County National bank in Treveon Marshall's name.
Columbia police are investigating Marshall's death as a homicide but have not release any information about possible suspects.

subset: commoncrawl


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BENEFITING: Horizons For Homeless Children
EVENT: 2012 Boston Marathon
EVENT DATE: Apr 16, 2012
The 2012 Run for Homeless Children Team
Since its inception in 2001, the Run for Homeless Children team has raised over $1 million to support Horizons for Homeless Children (HHC).
Each year, a team of passionate and committed HHC supporters runs the Boston Marathon to fundraise and spread the word about the crisis of child and family homelessness.
Your support of these incredible runners will make a difference in the lives of homeless children. Please take a moment to learn about the challenges that homeless children face, and how your support of HHC can and will help to break the cycle.
Child and Family Homelessness: Key Facts
- This year in the U.S., 1 in every 45 children will be without a home.
- There are over 100,000 homeless children across MA, half of whom are under the age of 6.
- Family homelessness is the fastest growing segment of the homeless population, making up 40% of the group.
- Without the intervention of such critical programs as Horizons for Homeless Children, young homeless children are at risk of serious developmental problems.
Horizons for Homeless Children: Key Facts
- Playspace Programs: shelter-based spaces for kids, "staffed"by 1,400 volunteers; currently over 140 Playspaces in MA, serving 2,200 children weekly.
- Community Children's Centers: 3 Boston early education/childcare centers, serving 175 young children each day; parent support services.
- Family Partnership Program: longterm support of families as they transition to permanent housing.
- Evaluation & Innovation Program: formal measurement of program impact on children and families served.
- Training & Technical Assistance: sharing expertise on issues facing young homeless children/families with service providers.
- Policy & Advocacy: relationship-building w/ policymakers to improve services for homeless children/families.
Learn more at www.horizonsforhomelesschildren.org
The Team: $95,065 TOTAL RAISED SO FAR
Donor Comments
Joanna Davidian
Good luck! Thanks for running for Horizons for Homeless Children! :) 7 years ago
Matt and Sarah Adams
Way to go Ryan and congrats on the addition of Clarke to the family! 8 years ago


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Duskwalker had een nieuw gecodeerde website ontwerp nodig en lanceerde daarom een wedstrijd op 99designs.
2 winnaars werden geselecteerd uit 10 ontwerpen ingezonden door4 freelance designers.
We are in need of a coded template for our upcoming virtual museum that will act as an online gallery for the pieces in our collection. Scarab Museum is an upcoming virtual museum and gallary on ancient artifacts. We already have the logo, links in full description.
Desired Style:
Professional and Functional is high up on our list.
Accepted File Formats:
html, css, psd
Hey there,
After a successful Logo contest, we are ready to get our template done.
We are in need of a coded template for our virtual museum. The site will feature our extensive ancient artifact collection.
This is the only example I could find of a similar "Virtual Museum Concept".
I am expecting our site to be way more impressive than theirs.
Here is our logo. In that directory you will find our logo on black as well as on a white background.
On the main page, here are a few links that we will require.
About Us
The site/museum is called the Scarab Museum because the first piece in our collection was a small scarab. The bulk of our collection is ancient egyptian amulets.
On the main page we would like to have,
-section that mentions the latest item added to the gallery, or the latest 5, etc.
-Banner Adspace 486x64 to be used for linking other museums, etc.
We are open to any kind of additions or changes you may think of. We are not designers so we will leave the style, color scheme, etc to you.
Be creative and ask as many questions as you like.
Contest Ending date is the definate end, we may end early if we find a template we especially like. But if that is the case we will give 48 hours notice so other designers have time to get in anything they've been working on.


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N.T. – Busta Rhymes Testo della Canzone. Wikitesti.com è la più grande enciclopedia musicale italiana, sul nostro sito oltre i testi delle canzoni potete trovare: traduzioni delle canzoni, accordi per chitarra, spartiti musicali e molto altro.
Il Testo della della canzone Di: N.T. – Busta Rhymes
For real though who really got sick flow?
On the edge got the ledge hangin' out of the window
Bird chest niggas with ya winderous fearaf
Fuck around you'll be against me the size of a meal sack
Puny little punks better hit the gym
But that doesn't mean nothin to the heart within
You cramped up you and your team I'm amped up
And you asses can't dim my beam
My shine what the fuck is on your mind?
Little weakling rappers better hit the grind
Other brothers ain't motivated they can't do it
Not only did I penetrate it I ran through it
My music comes on and we mosh at the dance
Inside of your mind or inside of my pants?
Musical intentions that we have is vast
You sick? Drink a NyQuil when I'm bed on your ass
Oh well then here comes the gelatin
Tips on some sugars but you yap on your cell to friends
Now your party is completely blown
Real name is Kamal I'm in "complete me" zone
It's rap time for you that means nap time
Reachin for my joint? What the fuck, I'mma clap mine
Singin songs a sixpence with sit tensed
Surpised your ass is the end like the sixth sense
Heavy hitters knockin shit out the park
You didn't even really play tell me why did you start
Spittin' sharp blades laced with bleach
You wanna play around kid I'm not a walk at the beach
A stroll in the park or your fuckin playground
Put on your headphones and tell me how grenades sound
Put on your walkmase and go underneath the town
Q-Tip abstract how I gets down
[Hook - Busta Rhymes (Q-Tip):]
All my bitches, dance if you know that you damn sure
Let your pussy drip on the dance floor if you wanna
(Get down)
Fuck that niggas will bust gats
Better lit a make for their rush that cuz they wanna
(Get down)
Flip this piano sick shit
(Get down)
Chill you can get off my dick and
(Get down)
While I'm on the hook get on your good foot
And blow up the spot for all of you niggas cuz that's how we
(Get down)
Comin with the brand new quickly we pan to
The young black man with intentions to ban you
Seems that people need an aid today
So many fade away, so many fiend to stay
I really rhyme cuz I feel I should say things
While the fraudulent acts rap just so they cop rings
Or maybe because when they was young
They was fronted on and left alone to have their own fun
Now they're all grown up to be assholes
I'm giving you the rope will you tie some lassos?
You swing dangling from peach trees
While I sip my Daiquiris in the south west breeze
Writings so exciting the pen it keeps
Drippin out jings that's converted to hymns and them
People be hummin em from now to their next of kin
My family is starving? You know they want me to win
We forfeit nigga please get off it
Send the check in my name to my office
Mutombo in the lane yo I toss it
Ecco una serie di risorse utili per Busta Rhymes in costante aggiornamento
Tutti i TESTI delle canzoni di Busta Rhymes


text:
See a map of traffic camera violations in Calgary.
Speed-on-green cameras are providing a revealing snapshot of Calgary motorists — and the picture isn't always pretty.
New police statistics for the five busiest cameras in the city show the top speeds clocked were more than double the posted limit.
In one instance, a driver was ticketed travelling 122 km/h in a 50 km/h zone through the intersection of 16th Avenue and 10th Street N.W., near SAIT Polytechnic.
On the west side of the city, a speed-on-green camera, which captures speeding drivers as they pass through intersections, recorded someone travelling 184 km/h through the lights eastbound on the Trans Canada Highway at Canada Olympic Park Drive.
That's 104 km/h over the posted limit.
While such high-speed violations are rare, the statistics also show that the average speed of someone receiving a speed-on-green ticket was 22 km/h over the maximum.
Police stressed the vast majority of Calgarians are responsible drivers, but also noted that speed limits are established for a reason.
"It's for safety — the safety of you and the safety of other motorists," said Acting Insp. Michael Watterston of the police traffic section.
"We have seen obscene speeds with our equipment, but at least there is a process where we also have the opportunity to speak with that registered owner if that's where we want to go as well."
Anyone travelling more than 50 km/h over the posted speed limit will also have to appear in court, Watterston noted.
Calgary first introduced speed-on-green cameras in 2009, with proponents backing them as a valuable safety initiative and critics branding them a cash cow. Today, there are 51 intersections with speed-on-green cameras, red-light cameras or both.
Thursday's statistics show which five intersections had the busiest speed-on-green cameras last year. They include:
• 16 Ave. & 10 St. N.W. (eastbound) 26,107 tickets issued;
• Country Hills Blvd. & Beddington Tr. N.W. (eastbound) 16,003 tickets issued;
• Trans Canada Highway & Canada Olympic Dr. S.W. (eastbound) 15,180 tickets issued;
• 14 St. & Northmount Dr. N.W. (southbound) 8,707 tickets issued;
• 9 Ave. & 11 St. S.W. (eastbound) 7,842 tickets issued.
Police also released 2011 statistics showing which intersections had the highest number of tickets issued by red-light cameras. Calgary has been using red-light camera technology for more than a decade.
The top five intersections are:
• 9 Ave. & 11 St S.W. (eastbound) 2,118 tickets issued;
• 1 St. & 17 Ave. S.E. (southbound) 1,653 tickets issued;
• 16 Ave. & 10 St. N.W. (eastbound) 1,642 tickets issued;
• Macleod Tr. & 12 Ave. S.E. (northbound) 1,541 tickets issued;
• 17th Ave. & 33 St. S.W. (westbound) 1,174 tickets issued.
At the intersection of 16 Ave. and 10 St. N.W., pedestrians making their way to and from SAIT Polytechnic weren't surprised that the light was tops for speed-on-green fines and third for red-light tickets.
During one 20-minute span at the intersection over the lunch hour on Thursday, the Herald observed the camera flashing seven times.
"It's pretty dangerous the way that people go through here," said student Emri Pires, adding he feels the cameras are "definitely" needed.
"There are lots of students and everything around here, so you shouldn't be going fast," added fellow student Teresa Mautone.
But another pedestrian was more skeptical about the results at the busy crossroads. Student Ron Montgomery thinks one key factor in the ticket tally is that the posted speed limit changes from 60 km/h to 50 km/h within a short distance.
"It's just one of those areas that looks like you should be going faster," he said.
"It's one of those areas that doesn't really make a lot sense, so that's how they get you."
Thursday's statistics do not include fine revenue totals.
A red-light violation carries a fine of $287, while a speed-on-green infraction is on a sliding scale. A violation for travelling 22 km/h over the speed limit — the average speed for this type of camera infraction — would be $136.
Watterston said the system is not about generating fine revenues for police coffers.
"This is about traffic safety," Watterston said. "We have seen the violations drop (from) when the camera first goes into play. After a period of time, people do acknowledge that there is a safety camera at that location."
Police figures show that in the 11 years since the city began using the automated cameras, the number of collisions, injury collisions and fatalities are down.
Dr. Louis Francescutti, an Alberta injury prevention expert, believes the cameras are effective tools.
However, he believes there's ways to improve the system.
Adding more cameras and attaching demerit points to the fines would serve as further deterrents, he said.
Francescutti also pointed to systems abroad where tickets are sent immediately to the registered owner of the vehicle via cellphone.
"The fact that it's immediate is important," he said.


text:
Hey all,
Ive just started learning c#, and im abit confused over the use of methods.
Example is this code:
Ok i just made that and it works, but i dont see what the point is in the use of methods? From a C++ view, calc() is just a function, why instead of making an object reference to it, isnt it just called when needed like calc();. I heard something about it being because methods allow multiple instances of the same function to run at the same time, is this correct? I think i understand the code i just dont understand the reason a function has to be referenced to a sub object method to be used.Code:class Mdemo { public static void Main() { Mdemo ca = new Mdemo(); Console.WriteLine("\nResult: {0}", ca.calc()); Console.ReadLine(); } int calc() { int a, b, c; Console.Write("Enter A: "); a = Int32.Parse(Console.ReadLine()); Console.Write("Enter B: "); b = Int32.Parse(Console.ReadLine()); c = a + b; return c; } }
Thanks for any tips,


text:
[Pages 42-43]
Translated by Jerrold Landau In 1919, the stream of Jewish refugees from Ukraine to Bessarabia increased. For many of them, our city was a temporary stopover on their way to the Land of Israel. For the most part, these were chalutzim (pioneers) from Ukraine who prepared themselves for aliya while they were still in their places of residence.
Seated from right to left: 1. [feh]. Rotkov 2. Y. Dyukman 3. N. Davidovitz 4. L. Kleiner 5. Y. Shander
As a first step to assist and put up these refugees, the Zionist of our city established a Beit Chalutzim (House of Pioneers) in the yard of the well-known Zionist activist Gershon Weinstock of blessed memory. He set aside a wing for this in his spacious home. The pioneers sustained themselves by the fruits of their labor for the entire time that they were in the city. They strongly opposed the offers of the communal institutions to come to their aid with financial support. The youths did not reject any physical labor. Daily, it was possible to see them going from house to house armed with saws and axes, asking the local Jews to hire them for the chopping of trees. Many of the pioneers had a high level of intelligence. Their contribution to the culture, the education and the consolidating of the pioneering movement in our city was recognizable. The local youth would willingly visit the Pioneering House. The direct contact between them and the pioneers did much to strengthen the connection. A revolution took place in the hearts of our townsfolk.
At that time, a group of youths organized themselves through the efforts of Tzeirei Zion and leased a large plot of land in the region of Orheyev in order to prepare themselves for aliya to the Land. It is appropriate to point out the member Leibel Kleiner, one of the most dedicated and active people in the Zionist movement from his early youth. He put the best of his abilities into the organizing of this group. He himself also participated in the Hachshara (Zionist preparation). However, only a portion of the group succeeded in making aliya in 1920 as the first pioneers. These included Moshe Roitman of blessed memory (murdered in Haifa in the disturbances of 1929), and, may they live, Yaakov the son of Shaul Dyukman (Bar Shaul) Yitzchak Rapoport, Zeev Davidovitz, Yosef Shinder, his parents, and others.
The Hechalutz movement that spread out throughout Bessarabia struck roots in our city as well, and the number of youths who prepared themselves for aliya grew every year. In 1923 we were witness to the aliya of the Bnei Yisrael group from our city.
Our members of Tzeirei Zion were the first to become involved in every activity for the benefit of the Hechalutz movement. The Hechalutz center in Kishinev began a large scale activity for the training of chalutzim and transferring them to the Land, even though there were no sources of money that were sufficient to sustain the activities. From time to time, they would turn to the chapters in the cities of the field for help. I remember that the center declared a Hechalutz Week in Bessarabia, and then we began a large-scale activity in our city. We enlisted activists from all of the streams to publicize the aims of Hechalutz and to collect money. The activists of the Zionist movement volunteered to speak in the synagogues during the Sabbath services and our city was in the first row with respect to donations for Hechalutz Week.
The depression of 1926/1927 that affected the Land caused the return of some of our townsfolk, filled with disappointment and complaints. There were those who slandered the Land. The sworn opponents of Zionist seized this opportunity, and greatly castigated the Zionist movement. Even the General Zionists acted helplessly. Despite all this, the circle of Tzeirei Zion activists in the city was undaunted, and stood its guard. Even though the authorities forbade us from meeting, we overcame the difficulties and conducted clandestine activities. We conducted weekly meetings in the home of a different member each week in order not to arouse the attention of the secret police. The active members conducted discussions on issues of the day, and joined with the members of the ranks in the study of the annals of the workers' movement and the history of Zionism. The weekly publication of Tzeirei Zion in Bessarabia, Erd un Arbiet, was distributed by us to the local Jews.
The members of Tzeirei Zion took an active role for the Keren Kayemet LeYisrael (Jewish National Fund). They conducted the Purim Players activities in the city for the benefit of the fund. For that purpose, we prepared a brief play about the life of the Jews in the Diaspora and in the Land. When Purim came, the players visited the houses of the wealthy people where many guests would participate in the Purim feast, and performed their play. This way, they succeeded in collecting significant sums for the benefit of the Keren Kayemet LeYisrael.
At that time, Chayim Shorer, a member of Hapoel Hatzair, came to Bessarabia to direct the collection for the benefit of the Workers' Fund of the Land of Israel (Kapai). When he came to our city, we gathered to take council in the home of Eidel Yagolnitzer of blessed memory, one of the General Zionists whose spirit was close to the Tzeirei Zion and who dedicated a great amount of his time and energy to it. We called a meeting, but to our great dismay, only very few answered our call. Shorer described to those gathered about the great depression that was taking lace in the Land, and the difficult conditions that pervaded in the settlement, especially among the community of workers. When he finished, the registration of pledges began. However, only one person, Dr. Nirenberg, not a Zionist but a faithful Jew who was dedicated to national causes, donated a significant sum.
In 1928, the first kernel of Poale Zion was formed in our city by the members Yisrael Weisman, the brothers Shlomo and Tovia Bozinyan, Baruch Lemberg and others. The members of Tzeirei Zion assisted the young initiators greatly, and dedicated much cultural and education activity to the members of the kernel.
The local authorities persecuted all Zionist activities, even those conducted with the permission of the central government. I recall one incident that is worthy of note. The director of the Keren Hayesod division in Bessarabia at that time, Yitzchak Berger of blessed memory, arrived in our city to open the annual campaign for that fund. He was armed with a permit from the central government in Kishinev. Based on it, the local authorities would issue a permit to conduct a lecture and a public gathering. A large gathering was arranged in the large kloiz, and that speaker portrayed to the gathering the worsening situation of Jews in the Diaspora, and the tragedy (tzaar) that is too great to bear. He called upon our community to generate to the funds for the settlement and development of the Land, etc. Here I should point out the importance of the pushka (charity box) of the Keren Kayemet LeYisrael. The detective who was present interpreted the words tzaar and pushka in their Russian meaning, that is to say: that the speaker was calling upon the gathering to revolution with the assistance of cannons (pushki in Russian). Based on this he issued a statement to the local authorities, which was transferred to the military authorities in Kishinev. Of course, Mr. Berger was brought to court. He was only exonerated after great intercession and efforts that lasted for a protracted period.
With the rise of the National Charanists (the National Farmer's Party of Romania) to government, a change for the better occurred in the political situation in Romania. The movement spread wide and opened a Zionist hall. On account of that, it was possible to conduct wide branched activity among the youth. Within a short period of time, hundreds of youths who left the study benches were attracted, and dedicated themselves to the movement. These included working youths. Counselors arose from among the youth, who were dedicated to the movement with heart and soul. They educated the members to strive for personal actualization.
The visit of the member Meir Grabovsky was also an event that left a great impression. He came to us in 1933 in order to organize the members of the workers movement in advance of the elections for the 18th congress. By chance, he became entangled with our secret police. The situation was as follows: after we verified the time of the arrival of our guest with the Tzeirei Zion center in Kishinev, we waited for him at the designated time. However, by chance, the car arrived early, and we were not there in time to greet him. When we arrived at the station, he had stumbled into a member of the Sigurnata secret police. The name Grabovsky which is a decidedly Russian name, the black shirt he was wearing, and his lack of knowledge of the Romanian language aroused the suspicion of the detective, who transferred the guest to the Sigurnata. When I found out about this, I hurried to Eidel Yagolnitzer of blessed memory, and we both went to clarify the reason for the arrest. Yagolnitzer, who knew the director of the secret police very well, entered straight into his office. After giving him an appropriate bribe, he freed the guest.
M. G. stated that the Revisionists disrupted his appearances in most places that he visited. He asked if there might be disruptions by them in our city as well. We calmed him with the fact that the Revisionists in our city were only a small group, and they certainly would not be brazen enough to endanger themselves, so they would not disrupt. Finally, Grabovsky appeared before a large gathering who listened to him quietly and with great interest. There is no doubt that his lecture earned a significant number of votes for the Workers' Movement list.
JewishGen, Inc. makes no representations regarding the accuracy of
the translation. The reader may wish to refer to the original material
for verification.
JewishGen is not responsible for inaccuracies or omissions in the original work and cannot rewrite or edit the text to correct inaccuracies and/or omissions.
Our mission is to produce a translation of the original work and we cannot verify the accuracy of statements or alter facts cited.
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Updated 25 Jan 2006 by MGH


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Liverpool's Sterling charged with assaulting woman
Liverpool and England winger Raheem Sterling will go to court later this month.
LONDON - Liverpool and England winger Raheem Sterling has been charged with assaulting a woman and the case will go to court later this month.
The 18-year-old was summonsed to Liverpool Youth Court on Friday on a charge of common assault, the Press Association reported.
The Jamaica-born teenager, who lives in Woolton, Liverpool, did not attend the hearing and lawyer Mick Hogan appeared on his behalf.
Police said a 27-year-old woman, who is known to the player, suffered "slight" facial injuries during an alleged incident in Toxteth, Liverpool, on November 2. Hogan told the court Sterling denied the allegation.
He said the alleged offence took place when the winger was 17 but, as he turned 18 in December, the matter should be transferred to the adult courts.
"I do have instructions to the effect that Mr Sterling will be pleading not guilty to this charge," Hogan said. "He is aware of today's hearing and the club are very supportive."
The move to an adult court was supported by the prosecution and the case was adjourned to Liverpool Magistrates' Court on February 22.
Sterling made his senior international debut for England last November against Sweden.


text:
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Description: Okay, I made a vow to myself to draw all the characters from the new Disney movie "UP" and so far I have submitted lessons on how to draw Kevin, Alpha, and Russell. For my fourth character installment, I will do a lesson to teach you guys "how to draw Carl Fredricksen from UP" step by step. Now Carl is another main character and he is a retired balloon salesman. One of Carl's big dreams was to one day travel to South America. After his wife Ellie died he becomes more determined to fulfill his dream. Now being a retired balloon salesman, Carl comes up with an idea to travel to South America with all of his belongings. Since he has no desire to leave the house that he and his wife lived in, he decides to take thousands of balloons and ties them all to his house. Now being seventy eight years old you would think that Carl has no urge to live out the rest of his life in South America right? Wrong, since Carl is an adventurer at heart he is determined to take that trip that he promised his wife he would one day fulfill. Thousands of balloons are eventually tied to the roof of his house and away he goes on his long lived fantasy by himself, (or so he thought). Unaware of what was hiding on his porch; his plans are eventually challenged when an eight year old boy becomes a stowaway. Together they must overcome all the complications from being in a place declared as a "lost world". Can Carl and Russell survive extreme weather, unknown species of animals and insects, and treacherous terrains? Find out when you finally go and see the new Disney/Pixar movie "UP" in a theater near you. Oh wait you don't have time to go see the movie? Well I guess your going to have to settle for learning "how to draw Carl Fredricksen from UP step by step" instead. I will be back in a bit you guys so try and stay put for more upcoming drawing fun here on DragoArt.com.


text:
RICHARD DOUD: Did you, as you traveled along over the country, did you find that there were any characteristics in the people themselves that were common to people everywhere? Was there anything "American" about everybody?
MARION POST WOLCOTT: Well, the people did respond, I think, to any kind of help that they received, that they did still have a certain amount of drive. I mean I had thought that . . . when I saw the conditions that they were living in and their health conditions, that they would be even more beaten down than they were, but they did respond to the help that they were given. And when I attended the meetings which were sponsored by FSA I was always amazed at their participation, the work they did do. They still, most of them, or many of them seemed to have some hope left, which surprised me.
RICHARD DOUD: That could be amazing in that day and age. It was a pretty hopeless period, I think, for many people.
MARION POST WOLCOTT: I think that, as Dorothea Lange's pictures show so well, and Russell [Lee]'s too, of course, there were many who didn't have any hope or who were completely beaten, but there were still so many who responded to any help or any attention at all. When I first wanted to take their picture, they would be antagonistic, but as soon as I would explain, or briefly explain what the pictures were for and what I intended, they were cooperative. There was one time when they weren't, when I was driven out, which was in South Carolina, and I made the mistake of being too conspicuous, I think, in my dress and in my appearance. I had a convertible and I had the top down; I was -- this was early in the game -- I learned -- but I had been in the sun a lot and I was quite brown and I had a very bright-colored scarf, head scarf, which I had gotten in Europe. I had on some kind of jangly earrings, and I didn't realize what I must have looked like, and I went into this area, with my car loaded with stuff, and I literally frightened the people. They began dragging their kids away, and thought that I was going . . . that I was a gypsy, only a modern gypsy in an automobile, and that I would come in and kidnap their children.
from oral history interview with Marion Post Wolcott by Richard K. Doud, San Francisco, California, 18 January 1965 (Smithsonian Archives of American Art)
Post drove into South Carolina in a car loaded down with equipment and personal belongings, and dressed in a brightly colored outfit, a bandana scarf over her long and bushy hair, and dangling earrings. She quickly discovered that it was a mistake to be conspicuous in appearance. "They began dragging their kids away, thought that I was a gypsy, only a modern gypsy in an automobile, and that I would come in and kidnap their children. Certainly I was not understood, and was a foreigner," Post reported on the experience. "And they… told me to get out, and were disagreeable about it…. They were very backwoods and very primitive, and I just got out..."
Although Post modified her approach and appearance as she moved through the swampy lowlands of South Carolina, the people remained "very suspicious" and "quite unfriendly." She found that cold weather made them even more distant and inaccessible. "They get in their huts or shacks, build a little fire, and close the wooden window and door and hug their arms close to them, waiting till it gets warm again. And they won't let a stranger inside. Often they won't even let me photograph the outside of the house." She learned that milling around the outside of a shack was a bad practice. Usually a neighbor or relative, having either heard Post's car or seen her, showed up to find out if the local resident needed any help with the stranger. "Most of the people who would talk at all, said more or less the same thing -- that they didn't like for no strangers to come bothering around because they mostly played 'dirty tricks' on them or brought bad luck." Post tried different lines of persuasion. She carried along food, candy, and other bribes. "Along the bigger roads, they were very commercialized -- immediately asked for money, and no nickels or dimes, or food either -- real money. And even then they'd just stand up in front like stiffs and not move until you 'snapped it and left.'" Overall, Post had a very difficult time in South Carolina because the people indicated that they hadn't asked for any handouts, and in return expected to be left alone.
Although Post took considerable pride in not being what she herself called a "sissy," she also discovered that traveling alone in the rural South was very risky and frightening. She reported that after dark everything closed up, and people went to bed, leaving only drunk and tough bums and derelicts on the prowl. "If anything goes wrong you're just out of luck," she wrote from Montezuma, Georgia, "and no one understands it if a girl is out alone after dark -- believe it or not." [FSA Historical Section director Roy] Stryker had earlier instructed her to stay off the roads and remain indoors after sunset. "I would feel very upset if anything should happen to you while doing our work," the director had informed her. "To hell with the work when night comes. Find yourself a nice safe place and settle down." Both Post and Stryker agreed that evenings should be safely spent checking equipment, changing and packing supplies, captioning photographs, and planning the next day's itinerary. Post enjoyed driving her convertible around the South with the top down, drinking in the bright sunshine during the day and the pleasant breeze in the evening. But she found that some people confused the deep brown tan she acquired with minority group membership, while others saw her as a loose woman. "I'd at least like to be able to go for a little ride in the country with the top down on the car," she complained while driving through Morehead, Kentucky, "but good girls in the mountains in this country don't ever ride around after dark! And since I'm trying to make a 'good' first impression, I must do as the natives do. Ain't it awful."
Post also found that World War II had caused many southerners to be extremely cautious and suspicious. She reported that the international conflict made southerners "hysterically war and fifth column minded." In Louisiana, Cajun children were so frightened by her camera equipment that they ran home, hid from her, and brought parents in from the bayous with harrowing stories of how she was "a German spy with a machine gun." "Several times when I've had the car parked along side the road and taken pix nearby, a cop or state trooper has come up, watched me, examined the cameras and searched through the car, and questioned and looked at all my identification, etc.," Post reported during the summer of 1940. "The bastards can take their own sweet time about it and ask many irrelevant and sometimes personal and slightly impertinent questions too." The sheriff would bring her in for questioning, make her write her signature, and end up just talking with her. "They haven't anything else to do and they don't feel like working anyway it's too hot, and they think you're crazy anyhow." These encounters with witch-hunting law enforcement officials in the South prompted Post to recommend to Washington that FSA photographers be provided with some special identification card with a notarized seal partially over the picture.
from Marion Post Wolcott: Photographing FSA Cheesecake: Robert W. Snyder, in Developing Dixie: Modernization in a Traditional Society, 1988 (via The African American Experience)
C.B. ("Beanie") Baldwin, letter certifying Marion Post as Principal Photographer, Historical Section, Farm Security Administration: 3 August 1940 (Library of Congress)
Marion Post: photographer unknown, 1940 (Library of Congress)
Marion Post, "Up Stinking Creek, Pine Mountain, Kentucky": photographer unknown, February 1940 (Library of Congress)
Photos by Marion Post Wolcott (1910-1990), from locations in Mississippi, South Carolina, Louisiana and Florida, 1939-1941 (Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information Collection, Library of Congress)


text:
December 10, 1928 - December 11, 2012
Cochecton, NY
Helen Wolyniec, 84, of Cochecton, NY, a former kitchen worker at St. Joseph's Hospital in Yonkers, NY, died Tuesday, December 11, 2012 at Orange Regional Medical Center.
The daughter of Anthony and Julia Cohara Golub, she was born December 10, 1928 in Yonkers, NY. She was married to the late Bronislaw Wolyniec. Helen was a member of St. Georges Church, Jeffersonville, NY and St. Casimir's Church, Yonkers, NY.
Survivors include her goddaughter, Eileen Bristol; her dear friends and neighbors, Carl and Eileen Bruetsch.
Friends may call Thursday, December 13, from 7 to 9 p.m. at Stewart-Murphy Funeral Home, Jeffersonville, NY. Services will be held Friday, December 14, at 10 a.m. at St. Georges Church, Jeffersonville, NY. Father Ignatius Vu will officiate. Burial will be in St. Josephs Cemetery, Yonkers.
Memorial contributions may be made to St. Georges Church, Jeffersonville, NY 12748.
Arrangements are by Stewart-Murphy Funeral Home, 845-482-4280.


text:
I have a Canon 600D with a kit 18-55 f3.5-5.6 IS II lens. Now I want to upgrade it with my not very loose budget.
Three main things I want to improve with a new lens are:
- larger aperture
- better build quality (especially more precise manual focusing)
- larger zoom
After studying a lot of reviews I have now 4 candidates, but I can't make a decision which one is really better for me. The lenses are:
- Sigma 17-70mm f/2.8-4 DC Macro OS HSM
- Canon EF-S 18-200mm f/3.5-5.6 IS
- Sigma 18-250mm f/3.5-6.3 DC OS HSM
- Tamron 18-270mm f/3.5-6.3 Di II VC PZD
Probably the main thing that bothers me is how does the image quality compare between these lenses in 18-70 range. Whether does Sigma 17-70mm have better image quality than other 3 super-zooms? Of course the fact that it has large aperture is very positive for me but the change from maximum zoom of 55 to 70 doesn't look very impressive compared to 250 or 270 mm.
Also I've seen some very positive reviews about image quality of Canon EF-S 15-85mm f/3.5-5.6 IS USM. It is a bit more expensive and has small aperture. Does somebody know if is it really that much better than Sigma 17-70?
I am also curious about the accuracy of autofocus and effectiveness of image stabilisation (vibration control) between different brands.
If somebody has some experience with any of these lenses or, even better, more than one of these, I would be very grateful to see the comments.
Update: Does somebody know anything about Tamron SP AF 17-50mm F/2.8 XR Di II VC? What is image quality, build quality, especially compared to Sigma 17-70 f/2.8-4?


text:
Marc Rossi's new CD Mantra Revealed
available now from iTunes, Amazon and more!
Buy: iTunes | Amazon | Innova
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Pre-Order and listen to Resonance, the new album by Marc Rossi & Satish Vyas from Bandcamp.com
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"...Very nice indeed." -- John McLaughlin, guitar legend and Grammy winner.
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text:
Guard members are assisting first responders, helping with relief efforts.
At least 7,400 National Guard forces were mobilized in response to the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy, according to a press release from the National Guard Bureau.
The National Guard was mobilized as the governors of 12 states and the mayor of the District of Columbia declared states of emergency before the storm's onslaught. Their primary mission has been to assist local first responders and the Federal Emergency Management Agency, but their role is quickly shifting to recovery efforts following the abatement of the storm.
"We had to be ready to respond big and fast -- so the National Guard ramped up in multiple states this weekend preparing to support local, state and federal civilian authorities," Army Gen. Frank Grass, chief of the National Guard Bureau, said in a statement. "We are part of a whole-of-government response to support state, local and federal agencies tackling the effects of this storm."
The National Guard said nearly 85,000 men and women were available to help civilian officials with relief efforts. The American Forces Press Service said Defense Secretary Leon Panetta had appointed a series of "dual status" commanders, a special authority that allows military leaders to work more cohesively with state officials and "integrate defense support operations and capabilities effectively when governors request them." The Defense Department also said dual status commanders were operating in New Jersey, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, New York, Maryland and Rhode Island.
"Through mutual assistance agreements, Army National Guard ground and aviation task forces, from neighboring FEMA region states, are ready to meet gaps in mission command, medical, communications, logistics, transportation, engineering, civil support, maintenance, security and aviation," Army Lt. Gen. William E. Ingram Jr. said in a statement.
The District of Columbia National Guard was asked to provide support in Washington through Nov. 4, according to a press release. The D.C. National Guard said it was "equipped with medium tactical trucks, Humvees and guardsmen" to help with relief efforts throughout the city.
"We are the capital guardians, and are prepared to support the district during this time of crisis," said Maj. Gen. Errol R. Schwartz, commanding general of the District of Columbia National Guard.
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AMD Athlon II X4 620 & 630: The First $99 Quad Core CPUby Anand Lal Shimpi on September 16, 2009 12:00 AM EST
- Posted in
- CPUs
Fallout 3 Game Performance
Bethesda's latest game uses an updated version of the Gamebryo engine (Oblivion). This benchmark takes place immediately outside Vault 101. The character walks away from the vault through the Springvale ruins. The benchmark is measured manually using FRAPS.
Will $99 get you a potent gaming processor? Compared to anything similarly priced, yes, yes it will. If you're building a gaming box you're still better suited for todays games with a faster dual-core processor but if you care about multithreaded performance elsewhere, the X4 won't disappoint.
Left 4 Dead
Zombies? Check. Zombie killing performance:
If this thing only had Lynnfield's turbo modes it would be at the top of these charts. We get respectable performance out of the Athlon II X4s, just nothing earth shattering.
FarCry 2 Multithreaded Game Performance
FarCry 2 ships with the most impressive benchmark tool we've ever seen in a PC game. Part of this is due to the fact that Ubisoft actually tapped a number of hardware sites (AnandTech included) from around the world to aid in the planning for the benchmark.
For our purposes we ran the CPU benchmark included in the latest patch:
The FarCry 2 CPU bench seriously favors the Intel CPUs. This is the first and only time where the Athlon II X4 looks like it doesn't make sense. Given its success in the rest of the suite, I'll give it a pass.
Crysis Warhead
Faster than an E6300 (cheaper) but slower than a Q8200 (more expensive), the Athlon II X4 620 does very well given its price.
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silverblue - Wednesday, September 16, 2009 - linkSure, AMD has been forced to realise that competing at the higher end is a worthless exercise thanks to Lynnfield, however they've had Propus on their roadmap for a year now so I'd hardly term it "Emergency Edition". It's not a clock-speed bump like a certain Emergency Edition we all remember (how much did the various P4 EEs cost again?).
With AMD providing a more complete platform, and especially one that allows for easy upgrades, the new Athlon II X4s could work for them in that it'll be cheap to upgrade from the old Athlon X2s as well as relatively inexpensive to build a new setup with CPU/motherboard/RAM (remember the onboard Radeon still runs rings around any Intel IGP). I doubt that i5/i7 sales make up most of their current order book (hell, they're still advertising Core2 on television and in IT publications here in the UK) so, like with graphics cards, the majority of the money stands to be made from mainstream and value products. As someone said before, this could be great for OEMs to improve their margins, as well as AMD if it means more bundles are sold. What's more, as things get more multi-threaded, dual cores fall more and more below the curve.
I'm interested in seeing what Intel does, and even though their market share has grown again this quarter, I don't believe they can just do nothing about the Athlon II X4. Generally, below $150 or so, AMD does offer better performance for the price, even if, per clock, an Intel chip does more (and it's not always down to Intel-specific optimisations either) and earns its maker more money. Reply
silverblue - Wednesday, September 16, 2009 - linkSlight clarification on the P4 EE; it wasn't just a clock speed bump (3.2GHz -> 3.46GHz -> 3.73GHz) as, for example, the FSB was increased with the 3.46GHz model to 1066MT/s, then the core changed from Gallatin to Prescott (inc. extra cache) for the 3.73GHz model.
Don't want anyone to think I just picked on the P4 EE just because it was fashionable or anything :) Reply
Ratman6161 - Wednesday, September 16, 2009 - linkMicrocenter is advertising a special on the i5 750 at $159. But even at the full $206 suggested retail, if you are really doing something that benefits from 4 cores, it doesn't really make sense to me to go with anything less. There are even 1166 motherboards for just over $100 so the $99 quad just isn't saving enough to make it worthwhile. Reply
gstrickler - Wednesday, September 16, 2009 - linkOn page 6 of the review the Excel Monte Carlo Simulation test shows the Q8200 (2.33GHz) being faster than the Q8400 (2.66Ghz)
Same thing happens again on page 7 on the WinRAR Archive Creation test.
You didn't mention it in the text and it's very unlike you to overlook or fail to comment on such an odd result. Reply
flipmode - Wednesday, September 16, 2009 - linkyou said
Overclocking suffers a bit as the chips capable of the highest clocks are destined to be Phenom IIs.
And I think this does not make any sense. These are probably manufactured on their own wafers, and they are not Deneb dice, but completely different dice, so regardless of the clockspeed that any individual die is capable of, it cannot become a Phenom 2. Reply
Anand Lal Shimpi - Wednesday, September 16, 2009 - linkYou're quite right :) I clarified in the article. That would apply to rebadged Denebs, but as to why the Propus core doesn't clock so well it's not totally clear to me at this point.
It could be a design decision or just the impact of manufacturing a brand new die or just a bad sample.
Note that I could get the chip a lot higher but it wasn't stable by my definition :)
Take care,
Anand Reply
gstrickler - Wednesday, September 16, 2009 - linkIt's not overclocking. These chips are rated to run at "turbo" speed indefinitely. Each of the 4 cores is capable of running at that speed. However, for power and thermal management of all 4 cores, the on chip power management "underclocks" the cores dynamically depending upon load to keep the combination of all active cores from exceeding thermal and power limits.
Intel is being very honest in listing the speed as the slowest speed at which all 4 cores can run concurrently, even though they're all rated to run 1.5x bus multiplier steps faster. The difference between the slowest "underclock" and "turbo" mode on the upcoming Core i7 mobile chips is reported to be much more than 1.5x (~6x). Again, that's for power (mostly) and thermal management, allowing it to operate as a fast single/dual-core or slower tri/quad core depending upon current usage.
The reality is that most software can't currently take advantage of more than 1 or 2 cores, and for those applications, you're going to get the benefits of turbo mode. When you're running tasks that can benefit from 3 or 4 cores, the cores reduce their clock to limit the power and heat, giving lower performance on each thread, but higher total throughput.
The user gets the benefits of a fast dual core and a slower quad core, depending upon current load. Because all of that power management is handled by the PM on the CPU, it's transparent to the OS. Reply
The0ne - Wednesday, September 16, 2009 - linkI see many angry users concern about the term overclocking. It strikes me hilarious that people really claim to know what Intel is and/or have actually done with their chip.
I too agree it is not a fair comparison because the Turbo mode does increases the frequency. Granted that this is a feature of the chip itself but that is a feature that is not present on the AMD and hence isn't a apples to apples comparison. If you're going to represent Intel with a 600MHGhz boost why not compare it to a regular clocked AMD and an AMD chip that is clocked around the same turbo-boosted speed. That would be a fair comparison and would give anyone a clearer picture.
The reason why the arguments by most of the users here are hilarious to me is that I don't think they have a clue to how the CPU's were tested. We have had CPU's that were generally locked to keep the speed/price ration. This "feature" was not presented as a feature to the consumer but once the market found out the chip could actually provide more then they in a sense enabled it. So the difference here now is is that Intel is making this available, unlocked and calling it a feature and suddenly cries of joy and stupidity are abound. Yes, yes, the technology isn't entirely the same but the end result is.
Do you seriously think Intel did not overstress test their chips and fool-heartily tested only at stock. Do you think they didn't test them in turbo mode and still continue until the chip died? I can't recount the 30 years on my engineering career not having to test products in the extreme range of just about anything (temp, vibration, shock, emc, drop, shipping, customer use, etc.). If you are an engineer and don't do this you shouldn't be selling your shtty product, end of conversation. Feel free to disagree and be laugh at by the industry.
Having said of of this the simple matter is that if Intel's feature is boosting the clock by 600, then why not compare an AMD chip with similarly clocked speed? And further more, why do you even rant about having to do this in the first place? Getting caught up in this "overclocking" terminology and not looking beyond what stands to reason is ignorant. At the very least I would hope to see the lower price Intel I5/I7 compare with the competition in default and turbo modes. Why wouldn't YOU?
Flame away, Reply
Ratman6161 - Wednesday, September 16, 2009 - linkWeather its overclocking or not, leaving the turbo feature on the i5 makes it a good comparison for those people who want to just plug in the chip and run it within its specs. You are comparing "out of the box" speed of one versus the other. It doesn't make sense for every one, but I think the article gave enough information for the knowledgeable reader to make their own decisions. Reply
pervisanathema - Wednesday, September 16, 2009 - linkHow can anyone advocate intentionally crippling the superior product in order to make the comparison more favorable for the competition? That's like a car magazine intetionally removing the turbo from a factory turbo charged vehicle so "that would be a fair comparison and would give anyone a clearer picture."


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I grew up with guns. I got a .22 rifle for my ninth birthday that I still have and love. I have put thousands and thousands of rounds through that rifle and used it to kill more than a couple of cute little animals that wound up on a dinner table. I am a member of a "sportsman" group so I can get a discount at the indoor shooting range when it's too cold to go shoot outside. I have 4 guns in my house right now, and grew up in a house with around a dozen different rifles, shotguns and handguns. I am really looking forward to recently elected Anchorage assemblyman Dick Traini's big machine gun shootout fundraiser.
Now that I have said all of that it is pretty obvious that I am going to say something against guns, so here it goes…
'Made in Alaska' firearms bill would assert state rights
The state Legislature has passed a measure exempting from federal gun regulations firearms, accessories and ammunition made and kept instate. The so-called "Alaska Firearms Freedom Act," sponsored by Fairbanks Republican Rep. Mike Kelly, passed the Senate Friday. It now goes to the governor. It is another effort to assert state rights over federal regulations. The firearms in question also must have "Made in Alaska" stamped on them.
HB 186 was one of those bills that I heard about before the session started and laughed. I thought it would be like Mike Chenault's renewed efforts to bring back the death penalty, something to score a few political points that would never even make it out of committee. I didn't pay any attention to it at all, so I was very surprised when I logged on to the ADN website tonight and saw that it had passed.
The bill basically says that any firearms, accessories and ammo made in the state of Alaska are not subject to any federal restrictions so long as they are kept in the state and stamped with Made in Alaska. The argument is that the only jurisdiction the feds have over firearms is through the interstate commerce clause of The Constitution. Now that the bill has passed, a company can make and sell any type of firearms in the state of Alaska as long as they will remain in the state.
You need a machine gun but don't want to go through the hassle of registering it with the government and paying the taxes that are required now if you want to buy one through a licensed dealer? Well you don't have to worry about that anymore in Alaska. Your friendly neighborhood gunsmith can now build you all sorts of fun new toys that are currently restricted, machine guns, short barreled rifles and shotguns, pen guns, disguised firearms, silencers and last but not least destructive devices, like grenade launchers or rocket launchers.
As much fun as it would probably be to play with a few of those, I'm not sure making them legal is the best idea. Most of them have no practical use for anything but killing people, and there is a small but growing segment of Alaskans who will want them because of it. Every day there are new stories in the national media about militia groups sprouting up around the country preparing to do battle against the federal government when the time comes. A lot of these groups are probably already armed with the weapons that this bill would make legal in Alaska, but the fact that they are currently illegal is a great tool for law enforcement to bring down some of these groups before they have the chance to kill anyone.
In 2002 Norman Olson moved to Alaska from Michigan. Mr. Olson was the founder of the infamous Michigan Militia, the guys who helped train Oklahoma City bombing conspirator Terry Nichols. He was leader of the militia, until he was basically thrown out for being too extreme. So he packed his bags and headed for greener pastures in Nikiski. Over the last year he has taken advantage of anti-government (aka anti-black president) sentiments and started the Alaska Citizens Militia. One of his co-founders in the Alaska militia was Schaeffer Cox, a Fairbanks gun enthusiast/activist who has been arrested twice in March, the first time for beating his wife and the second for a weapons charge after a kind of weird run in with police.
These are the guys who are going to be first in line to buy the newly legal weapons after Sean Parnell signs this bill into law. I'm sure there will be plenty of law abiding citizens who will buy Made in Alaska guns, but they can already buy most of them legally now if they go through the federal process. This law only serves to make it easier for those who currently can't get through the federal process to own these guns and easier for everyone to stockpile them


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Brendon S necesitaba un nuevo diseño de página web y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 56 diseños de 17 diseñadores freelance.
Cre8ive Coffee
Cre8ive Coffee roast and wholesale supply of coffee to cafe's, restaurants and offices throughout Australasia.
Competitor sites include:
- http://www.merlocoffee.com.au
- http://www.dibellacoffee.com.au
- http://www.tobysestate.com.au
- http://www.chiassocoffee.com.au
- http://www.aromacoffee.com.au
- http://www.coffeeroasters.com.au
- http://www.coffeelovers.com.au
We like the look of:
- http://www.innocentdrinks.co.uk/
- http://www.chronoscoffee.com/
Existing website can be seen: http://www.cre8ivecoffee.com.au
This website will showcase the quality of the coffee and team behind the company. We'll also provide information for drinkers of coffee and coffee shop owners in an effort to positively build the brand.
We're picturing a fixed-width (for 1024 sized screens) layout, with a header area at the top for logo, banner image, and horizontal menu. Two columns for Content + Sidebar under that, with a full-width footer at the bottom. That's just our initial idea - if you come up with something better, we're open to it.
We'll need something visually appealing, with a well-organised layout to display our information/content.
Main navigation bar will have:
- Home
- Our Coffee
- Our Customers
- Wholesale
- Equipment
- The Team
- Resources
- Contact Us
The sidebar will include a Facebook badge, e-newsletter subscription fields (name and email address), and possibly our twitter feed showing the latest 2-3 tweets.
We'll include a testimonial, and a section for locating a store that sells the coffee.
We may also want promotional banners/buttons to facilitate special events marketing.
The content column should have the page heading, followed by text including bullet points, links, and floating images.
The footer should include some links and a copyright notice.
Whilst we like the rich, dark feel of many coffee sites, we have a preference for our text to be black on a white background.
The menu will have a few top-level items, with dropdown options available. Your entry should show what an expanded dropdown looks like.


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Contribute to ReadWriteThink / RSS / FAQs / Site Demonstrations / Contact Us / About Us
Download the plug-in tools you need to use our games and tools, or check to see if you've got the latest version.
Looking for ways to engage your students in online literacy learning? Find more interactive tools that help them accomplish a variety of goals-from organizing their thoughts to learning about language.
Home › Classroom Resources › Student Interactives
Student Interactive
Stapleless Book
|Interactive Type
|Writing & Publishing Prose
|Tech Requirement
The Stapleless Book is designed to allow users to create with ease an eight-page book simply by folding and cutting. No tape or staples are required. Students and teachers alike can use the Stapleless Book for taking notes while reading, making picture books, collecting facts, or creating vocabulary booklets. Students can choose from seven different layouts for the pages of their books.
The tool is easy to use, made even easier with the Stapleless Book Planning Sheet, a printable PDF that book creators can use to draft and revise their work before creating and printing their final books. View the video demonstration for the Stapleless Book to see how to fold and cut the printout.
For additional ideas on how to use this tool, see Stapleless Book in the Parent & Afterschool Resources section.
Lessons That Use This Interactive
Grades K – 1 | Lesson Plan | Standard Lesson
Name Talk: Exploring Letter-Sound Knowledge in the Primary Classroom
Students demonstrate their letter/sound knowledge by working with name cards and sharing observations about their classmates' names, giving teachers an opportunity to assess knowledge in a meaningful context.
Grades K – 2 | Lesson Plan | Unit
Reading Everywhere with Dr. Seuss
Young readers create a classroom book modeled after Dr. Seuss's Green Eggs and Ham to celebrate all the places they can read.
Grades K – 2 | Lesson Plan | Standard Lesson
Using a Predictable Text to Teach High-Frequency Words
After reading an engaging yet predictable text about a child looking for his cat, students use a similar format and high-frequency words to craft tales about their own lost pets.
Grades K – 2 | Lesson Plan | Standard Lesson
Book Buddy Biographies: Intermediate and Primary Students Working Together
Students create a personalized biography for their reading buddy, and each child is the author, illustrator, and editor.
Grade K | Lesson Plan | Standard Lesson
A Getting-Acquainted Activity Using My Teacher's Secret Life
Students build classroom community as they get to know each other and their teacher better by sharing what they like to do outside school.
Grades K – 5 | Lesson Plan | Standard Lesson
Spelling Cheerleading: Integrating Movement and Spelling Generalizations
"2-4-6-8, students will be spelling great" in this lesson that teaches the y rule for adding suffixes through cheering the spelling of words aloud, word sorts, and writing stories.
Grades K – 2 | Lesson Plan | Unit
Junie B. Jones Introduces Literacy Mystery Boxes
Like Junie B. Jones, students will be saying "Wait till you hear this" after listening to a Junie B. story and creating mystery boxes to help retell the story.
Grades K – 2 | Lesson Plan | Standard Lesson
Exploring Sets through Math-Related Book Pairs
After reading two math-related books, students investigate their home and school environments to find examples of objects that come in sets and then create their own books on sets.
Grades K – 2 | Lesson Plan | Standard Lesson
As Slippery as an Eel: An Ocean Unit Exploring Simile and Metaphor
Students play with simile and metaphor as they study the ocean and use figurative language to write a class book about it.
Grades K – 2 | Lesson Plan | Standard Lesson
How Does My Garden Grow? Writing in Science Field Journals
Students plant a garden and study its growth using the inquiry process of questioning and exploring. As they research and study, students record their observations in a field journal.
Grades K – 2 | Lesson Plan | Standard Lesson
Shhh! Bear's Sleeping: Learning About Nonfiction and Fiction Using Read-Alouds
Students explore the distinction between the fiction story Bear Snores On and the nonfiction book Every Autumn Comes the Bear.
Grades K – 2 | Lesson Plan | Standard Lesson
Stop Signs, McDonald's, and Cheerios: Writing With Environmental Print
Students use logos from everyday life to identify individual letters and then create their own captions for the images.
Grades K – 2 | Lesson Plan | Standard Lesson
The Wonder of Leo Lionni: Increasing Comprehension with Prediction Statements
This lesson focuses on the strategy of "wonder" statements, asking students to stop, think, and write about what may be happening in the text periodically as they read a story.
Grades K – 2 | Lesson Plan | Standard Lesson
Let's Read It Again: Comprehension Strategies for English-Language Learners
Help Spanish-speaking English-language learners unlock the mysteries of their new language by using a bilingual book to recognize unfamiliar words and construct meaning from the text.
Grades K – 2 | Lesson Plan | Standard Lesson
Family Ties: Making Connections to Improve Reading Comprehension
Families are all about connections between people. In this lesson, students read three books about different families and make text-to-self, text-to-text, and text-to-world connections to those texts.
Related Classroom & Professional Development Resources
Grades 6 – 8 | Lesson Plan | Unit
Let It Grow: An Inquiry-Based Organic Gardening Research Project
Students learn about organic gardening by developing their own research questions, conducting research, gardening at their school, creating signs about their plants, and presenting their research to the class.
Grades 3 – 12 | Student Interactive | Writing & Publishing Prose
The Flip Book is designed to allow users to type and illustrate tabbed flip books up to ten pages long. Students and teachers can use the flip book for taking notes while reading, making picture books, collecting facts, or creating question and answer booklets.
Grades K – 12 | Student Interactive | Writing & Publishing Prose
The interactive Printing Press is designed to assist students in creating newspapers, brochures, and flyers.
Grades K – 8 | Student Interactive | Writing & Publishing Prose
The Book Cover Creator is designed to allow users to type and illustrate front book covers, front and back covers, and full dust jackets. Students can use the tool to create new covers for books that they read as well as to create covers for books they write individually or as a class.
Grades K – 12 | Mobile App | Writing & Publishing Prose
The Stapleless Book app is designed to allow users to create with ease an eight-page book simply by folding and cutting. Students can choose from several different layouts for the pages of their books.
Grades 3 – 12 | Calendar Activity |  October 3
Gwendolyn Brooks published Bronzeville Boys and Girls in 1956.
After students have read and discussed several poems from Brooks' collection, they create a poetry anthology for their own family, neighborhood, or classroom.
Grades 3 – 6 | Calendar Activity |  April 30
Participate in Poem in Your Pocket Day!
Students select a poem and create a Stapleless Book using the interactive tool.
Grades K – 5 | Strategy Guide
Implementing the Writing Process
This strategy guide explains the writing process and offers practical methods for applying it in your classroom to help students become proficient writers.


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A major life event happened to me in June of 2011 when a car hit my bicycle. Initially, I was not aware of the extent of the damage; however since the accident, I have continued declining. As I "recover" from old symptoms, new symptoms continue to take their place. In spite of the advice from medical professionals, I continue to hope for a full recovery.
I am developing a prototype resources website. Please review my plans and make suggestions.
I am developing a prototype resources website. Please review my plans and make suggestions.
Thursday, April 4, 2013
Brain Injury (TBI) Resources: Chess
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I am developing a prototype resources website at http://bit.ly/resourcesfortbi. Please review my plans and make suggestions.
I welcome comments that can help make this site more helpful to those experiencing similar difficulties, or for those friends, family, and professionals who take care of bicycle injury / brain trauma.victims.
Since I want this site to be helpful to victims, I reserve the right to edit comments if they seem to conflict with that goal.
Helpful comments would include corrections of false information, references to local services that relate to my posts, or comments that help me to keep spelling, grammar, and word-choices appropriate and correct. As a brain injury victim, I depend on others to insure accuracy and to spot the kinds of errors that I may not recognize. Please feel welcome to contribute your expertise to make this site effective!