text:
Sunday, June 7, 2009
If you have a suggestion to add to the list, I'd love to hear about it!
Shapeshift Items
Orb of Deception
- a BoE world drop in the 50-60 range, often seen from Blackrock Spire raid bosses and Zul' Gurub. Gnomes/Tauren, Humans/Orcs, Dwarves/Trolls, Draenei/Blood Elves, Night Elves/Undead. It's a permanent item.
Orb of the Sin'dorei
- heroic Magister's Terrace drop, off of any of the bosses. It's a permanent item.
Frenzyheart Brew
- a random drop from the weekly Frenzyheart "Ripe Disgusting Jar," and probably the only interesting drop you can get out of it. It's a permanent item.
Iron Boot Flask
- purchased in Storm Peaks using Relics of Ulduar. Required for the But I'm on Your Side! achievement :) It's a permanent item.
Rituals of the New Moon
- an offhand item crafted by inscriptionists, the click-use is awesome :D I've seen large gray wolves, as well as the "coyote color" sandy wolves. Yes, you can do the ghost-wolf puppy dance while shapeshifted :) The recipe itself drops off of mobs in Silverbrook in Grizzly Hills. It's a permanent item.
Gordok Ogre Suit
- craftable by leatherworkers or tailors who have completed the Gordok Ogre Suit quest in Dire Maul. The dance is the same as moonkin :) This is a single-use item.
Super Simian Sphere
- an epic BoP trash drop from raids/heroics in Northrend, and a few mobs around Icecrown/Storm Peaks (such as the Captive Vrykul in the mines). Contrary to what most would assume, this is not a cardgame item (far as I am led to beleive!). It's a permanent item.
Time-Lost Figurine
- dropped by Terokk in Terokkar forest. Summoning him requires a time-lost offering, which in itself requires a bunch of scrolls and killing his smaller minions. Farming this trinket will probably require several summons, as well. It's a permanent item.
Shapeshift Consumables
Underbelly Elixir
- random potions in yellow-green bottles that spawn on the ground in the Underbelly sewers of Dalaran, these have a chance to proc one of several effects: Wasp, everyone else is a human mage, and Tuskarr (with +50 fishing).
Magic Eater fish
- fishies caught in the Underbelly sewers of Dalaran. They can proc any number of buffs when you spend time eating them, including miscellaneous stat buffs (crit/stam, haste/stam, AP/stam, SP/stam), or turn you into a green whelpling, mini basilisk, or cockroach!
Pygmy Oil
- created by alchemists from Pygmy Suckerfish or attainable in the Dalaran fishing daily reward bags, this oil is used to make flasks of pure mojo, guru's elixir, potions of speed and wild magic, and to turn you into a little voodoo gnome when you drink ~4 of them straight!!
Deviate Fish
- fished from the Wailing Caverns in the Barrens, eating this fish raw can proc one of several effects: small instant heal or hot, +5 spirit, a short nap, shrink size + stam/str, and "Party Time!" which will cause you to do random emotes for 2 minutes. You can use this fish as a reagent for making Elixir of Giant Growth. You can also cook this fish instead, resulting in the next toy...
Savory Deviate Delight
- Flip Out! Consuming this fish will turn you into a human pirate or ninja!
- Purchaseable from a vendor, though you must do a questline to make this available for purchase. Starts and ends at Marin Noggenfogger in Gadgetzan, Tanaris. Drinking this potion can result in a featherfall buff, skeleton shapeshift, or shrink you!
Misc. Items
Don Carlos' Famous Hat
- drops off of Don Carlos in heroic Old Hillsbrad. He paths along the road on horseback, his coyote following behind. It's a permanent item.
Unusual Compass
- a random drop inside the Dalaran fishing daily bag. All it does is spin you in place: a toy for the really, really easily amused. There is one trick you can perform with this item, however: if you use it while falling, it will momentarily slow you, resetting your fall distance. Used carefully, it can prevent a fall death! It's a permanent item.
Tiny Green Ragdoll
- purchased from the toy shoppe in Dalaran. Permanent item, 30-minute cooldown, it's a fun little ragdoll you can place on the ground. It surprised me that this is not a single-use item given its cheap price! I sometimes use it like a smoke flare, to mark a location on the ground (for tanking positions, etc).
Toy Train Set
- CHOO CHOO! purchased from the toy shoppe in Dalaran. It's a permanent item.
Wind-Up Train Wrecker
- CHOO CH-BOOOOOOOM. Tired of the train spam? Let loose this little robot and let him tear it up! It's a permanent item.
Zippy Copper Racer, Trusty, & Heavy
-single-use item from the Dalaran Toy Shoppe. Vroom... but short-lived :( Only difference between the 3 is their appearance, to tell them apart when racing with friends.
Grindgear Toy Gorilla
- another single-use toy.
Heavy Leather Ball
- crafted by leatherworkers. Click the ball, throw to friend. Yay!
Paper Flying Machine
- simple little fly-around toys that whiz through the air, akin to the balls and the Happy Fun Rock. They are a conjured item, thus will disappear after 30 minutes, so you will have to replenish them. Can be purchased from the Dalaran Toy Shoppe.
Happy Fun Rock
- drops out of Dire Maul, works exactly like the leather ball/flying machines. It's a permanent item.
Quest-only Items
Archmage Vargoth's Staff
- click to bring forth your Archmage buddy! It's permanent, as long as you don't turn in the quest. He'll flex and laugh and wave at you, if you emote at him.
Dartol's Rod of Transformation
- an alliance-only quest item from Ashenvale, though it is now limited to only being useable within a small area of the zone, unfortunately. You used to be able to use it anywhere, and most alliance players kept the item in their bags permanently to play around with when bored!
Seasonal Items
Romantic Picnic Basket
- a drop from the Valentine's hourly gifts, this permanent item has a 3-minute cooldown.
Crashin' Thrashin' Racer
- a special item from the 2008 Winter Veil gifts.
Brazier of Dancing Flames
- Summer Fire Festival item, will turn your into a firey draenei-lady when you /dance with it!
Haunted Memento
- a relic from the WotLK release event, it was a random drop from the undead mobs that spawned around Azeroth. If you do not have a pet out, a ghost figure will appear and follow you around! You also get the "haunted" debuff. These are not BoP, and can be tossed around like the leather ball/rock/etc, though they are so rare that few if any people actually play ball with these mementos!
Arcanite Ripper
- Hallow's End 2008 BoP item, this dropped off of the special boss in Karazhan in the one week (two instance resets) of the holiday. Few classes can use two-handed axes, but it's definitely good for a giggle to jam out!
12 comments:
- Keeva said...
Shapeshift items:
Magic Eater
Dartol's Rod of Transformation
(Alliance only)
Pygmy oil
(amount required to transform varies!)
Team up with http://www.wowhead.com/?item=34029 for extra hilarity.
Ogre suit:
Brazier of the Dancing Flames:
That's all I can think of for now :)
- June 7, 2009 at 11:43 PM
I *love* toys!!!!
You could also add the Super Simian Sphere (one of my favorites that I really lucked out on picking up, I think they are SUPER rare!)
- June 8, 2009 at 12:50 AM
- Aertimus said...
Darn it Keeva I was going to mention Dartol's Rod of Transformation!
- June 8, 2009 at 8:25 AM
- Kae said...
Oh my... I've spent so long on horde-side that I'd forgotten about Dartol's. Didn't they make it only work in Ashenvale, though? Like that worg suit you get in Howling Fjord, which my rogue still has because I loved being able to turn into a wolfie so much!
Expanding list :) ty for the input!
- June 8, 2009 at 8:27 AM
- Infinitum said...
Kind of a pain to get but:
Time-Lost Figurine
- June 8, 2009 at 9:16 AM
- Kae said...
OooOOoOoo... I'm going to have to work to get one of those! I didn't know Terokk could drop such a thing :)
/adds to list of things to get done...
- June 8, 2009 at 9:23 AM
Also the zombie invastion event haunted memento. I still see those putzing about the auction house from time to time if you are desperately after one
- June 8, 2009 at 10:03 AM
- Nefernet said...
Hi !
Nice list, I didn't know there was so many item doing shapeshift.
I would add to your list the Arcanite Reaper you could loot on Prince Mirkblood in October. ( http://www.wowhead.com/?item=39769 ) Like the Haunted memento, you cannot loot it anymore and it's BoP but it's a fun item. I always carry it in my bags. :D
- June 8, 2009 at 11:28 AM
- Kae said...
Good reminders :D added those to the ever-growing list!
I also should add in those direbrew charm trinkets that summon the dwarves, from brewfest.
- June 8, 2009 at 1:34 PM
- Averna said...
This is such an awesome post! Thanks for the list... I'm going to have to keep referring back to it. ^.^
- June 9, 2009 at 12:46 PM
Not that its overly important, but the basket has a 3 or 5 min cooldown. I know that the CD is ready the same moment the picnic expires physically which is about 3 mins or so. Just a minor detail. not trying to be obnoxious :]
- June 9, 2009 at 12:51 PM
- Kae said...
Thanks for catching that! Fixed :)
- June 9, 2009 at 1:20 PM


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G'day all,
I am sorry that I have not kept up with as many daily blog postings as usual but Lent is a VERY busy time for one priest in a parish this size. I'll dedicate Sunday evening and Monday to writing out a number of posts on a variety of issues and post them throughout the coming week. I trust (PLEASE GOD!!) that things will calm down to something a little closer to normal in the next few days once we are truly launched into this penitential season. Until then, I'll take whatever free time that comes my way and post as I can.
Thanks for your understanding!
Fr. Tim Moyle
St. Anne's Parish,
Mattawa, Ontario
Reflections from the pastoral ministry of an Evangelical Catholic Priest.
19 February, 2010
Lent is a BUSY time for priests!
Posted by Fr. Tim Moyle at 5:16 PM
Labels: Lent
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subset: commoncrawl


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Friday, 13 January 2012
A Sad Tale
This is Mr Cassowary last year with one of his chicks. We recently heard that a visitor up the street witnessed a stray dog kill two of his three nearly full grown chicks. The dog had been sighted repeatedly out of its pen. When the owner was informed, he relocated the dog.
This is going to be the fate of these wonderful birds unless all dog owners become more responsible. Between the dangers posed by cars and the threat of stray or feral dogs, the poor cassowaries will be lucky to survive in the wild.
5 comments:
- Russell Constable said...
A sad and unfortunately all too common problem in our part of the world. At Ella Bay a young adult male cassowary was recently mauled so badly by dogs that it had to be put down. Thank you for letting us know.
- 13 January 2012 at 11:37
- liz gallie said...
Very sad,
The state have bought in stricter dog laws but they are only as good as local enforcement and need to go a long way to catch up with the backyard breeding of hunting dogs which is rife in the Wet Tropics. Unfortunately we live in a rural oriented environment where many landowners do not wish their lifestyles to be regulated. The Cassowary Coast mayor was the first to sign a petition against the registration of rural dogs.
- 13 January 2012 at 12:14
- Snail said...
That's awful news.
Was the dog relocated to keep it away from cassowaries or to avoid penalties? (I guess it's difficult to know.)
We've got the same problem with dogs and tree roos. Council is supposed to be cracking down on unregistered and stray dogs and cats, but I'll believe it when I see it. And it's often not the unregistered and/or strays that do the damage.
- 13 January 2012 at 19:05
- Patricia K. Lichen said...
Oh, such sad news! I remember the post about them.
- 14 January 2012 at 15:57
- Nana Cynthia said...
I am happy to learn about my surrounding environment, but this is becoming so frequent! I am learning more that a terrible lot of people, DO NOT see the threat to cassowaries as real! their blindness astounds me. My understanding is that the council dog catchers are kept VERY busy chasing stray dogs, let alone the home bred hunting dogs the (red necks) have in these parts. The Cassowary's future looks grim :(
thank you sharing.
- 15 January 2012 at 01:51


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Part three of three, after our previous instalments were met by a combination of surprise and shoulder-shrugging "saw that coming". Here, DiS presents its final four in our An Essential Dozen series – four albums we've gone crazy in love over, that we just won't stop playing (however much our neighbours complain).
If you've missed parts one and two, find them before continuing, why not… Part one is here and part two here.
Enjoy? Destroy? DiScuss? Tell us your favourite albums of the year so far below (or join our DiScussion here). This is what we've to offer to the argument…
Wild Beasts – Limbo, Panto (Domino)
Wild Beasts could've so easily come a critical cropper with their debut album: after a couple of decently received singles, where reviewers were bamboozled by the absurdities on display, a long-player could've proved to be too much to take. Lead vocalist Hayden Thorpe's singular tones offend as many ears as they charm, and while he doesn't carry every offering here (Tom Fleming contributes too) his is the dominant voice, that which permeates the senses in a manner either delicious or irksome, depending on your tastes. But Limbo, Panto is a success, a beautifully paced, meticulously balanced record of giddy highs and crunching lows, emotional and physical. In 'The Devil's Crayon' they've a single that showcases their album at its most accessible, but a cursory listen reveals treats aplenty, and greatly varied. 'The Club Of Fathomless Love' tip-toes on circus-hued frivolity, 'Brave Bulging Buoyant Clairvoyants' shatters coloured-glass sing-alongs under Hot Chipped bovver boots. From start to finish Limbo, Panto simply delights, and genuinely sounds like no other record you'll hear this year.
- -
Times New Viking – Rip It Off (Matador)
Are they waving or drowning? Both? From under the lapping waves of sludge, Rip It Off's striding lo-fi canon finds Times New Viking in their prime, their modest pop repertoire coated in the usual rust-ridden jacket, a mask of distortion that'd make Kevin Shields blush. From the same sewer that the so-dubbed 'shitgaze' scene rose from, the Ohio trio's unhinged harmonies, hidden away amidst the chaos, are intoxicating; Adam Elliot's throaty bawl sat beside Beth Murphy's potent toxic spill, Nico to his Lou, albeit after a smack session. A haggard triumph, and a glorious racket. Samuel Strang
- -
Atlas Sound – Let The Blind Lead Those Who Can See But Cannot Feel (Kranky/4AD)
Having built up an impressive catalogue of solo moments offered up on the typically unsavoury Deerhunter blog, the Atlanta ambi-punks' prolific lynchpin Bradford Cox went it alone as Atlas Sound and knitted together Let The Blind Lead Those… using spare moments of idle ingenuity. Teetering between the understated miserablism of Beach Boys' Surf's Up and the startling dexterity of Adam Forkner's White Rainbow guise, this debut foray is ambitious as it is ambiguous as its delicate avant-garde tangents plumb bleak adolescent troubles. One of the few people that can try putting the forthcoming Deerhunter record, Microcastle, in the dark, this is mesmerizing melancholy. Samuel Strang
- -
The Ruby Suns – Sea Lion (Memphis Industries)
New Zealand's The Ruby Suns – formed in 2004 after California native Ryan McPhun switched hemispheres – have maybe created the greatest slow-release record of the year to date, as Sea Lion is an album that can lose you first and second time through. It's distant, a beautiful hum of washed-out vocals delivered in both English and Maori, set to backdrop arrangements that recall Panda Bear's soundscaped cacophonies at times, more typical folk strums at others. But give it time to take root in your canals and Sea Lion comes alive, vibrantly and all of a sudden – you wonder how you didn't click with it sooner. Reports of McPhun collaborating with another of 2008's great new talents, El Guincho, make complete sense, as this is joyous let-yourself-go stuff, music to soak in and spill out. It's a dance party on an alien beach, tropical rhythms and spine-tingling emotion. It'll break and mend your heart in the same sitting.
- -
There you have it: a dozen of our favourite albums of 2008 so far, all as good as essential in DiS's book. If you don't have them, you should get them… or at least get along to the bands' MySpace pages for a listen. Hopefully you'll be as delighted by them as we have been.
Coming tomorrow and Friday: DiS's tracks of the year so far – deliberately omitting cuts from these twelve albums, as there's only so much praise an artist can take from DiS before we're moving in together – and a selection of our dozen offer words on their own records and artists of 2008 so far. Do join us.


text:
A border patrol agent slain in the line of duty last week was likely killed in an accidental early morning gunfire exchange involving another border patrol agent who was also injured, preliminary FBI information indicates. The news comes despite early speculation that two individuals connected to a drug smuggling operation were responsible.
Nicholas Ivie, 30, a six-year border patrol veteran, was patrolling an area of Southern Arizona near Naco at about 1:30 a.m. last Tuesday and went to investigate a tripped border sensor. Officials believe he may have come across another group of agents who were doing the same. The rugged, hilly area may have provided enough nighttime cover for the agents to believe they had come across smugglers, with which the area has been long been plagued.
(MORE: Report: 2 Arrested in Shooting Death of U.S. Border Patrol Agent)
George McCubbin, president of the National Border Patrol Council, a union representing border patrol agents, told the Associated Press that Ivie may have fired several shots, while the other agents returned fire, killing him. "I don't know what it was he saw or heard that triggered this whole event," McCubbin said. "Unfortunately it resulted in his death and another agent injured," said McCubbin. The Arizona Republic reported that the each group of agents knew the other was investigating the sensor, but lost radio contact as they approached.
In statements, both the U.S. Border Patrol and the FBI both acknolwedge their belief that Ivie was killed by friendly fire, although officials had thought earlier that he died at the hands of drug runners. On Thursday, two men were reportedly arrested in connection with Ivie's death; now, based on the official statements, it seems unlikely that there was any link between those arrests and the Border Patrol incident.
Ivie was laid to rest on Monday in a service at a Sierra Vista, Ariz., Mormon church. The investigation into the incident is continuing, officials say, but a review of protocols is expected to be put in place to avoid future tragedies.
"They had a couple of people in custody but other than being in the area, there was no evidence putting them there at the scene," McCubbin said. "They could have been guides, they could have been scouts, and those type of folks typically go back and forth all the time anyway."


text:
There was a time, not too long ago, when baldness was something you lived with if you were a man, and covered with a wig if you were a woman. (Doctors estimate that one in every five women will experience some sort of hair loss.) Then men, bothered by their receding hairlines, began to wear hairpieces and toupees -- some of which were so obviously fake that they became the butt of comedians' jokes.
Well, things have changed! Today, if you have thinning hair and don't want to live with the status quo, you probably have three basic options:
- Sophisticated and virtually undetectable hair replacement systems (formerly known as wigs)
- Medications and topical ointments that can retard hair loss and sometimes even cause new growth
- Surgical procedures such as hair transplantation and scalp reduction
In this article, we'll look at what causes hair loss in the first place and how to deal with the psychological fallout that often accompanies it. We'll discuss how to choose the right plastic surgeon (these professionals have been performing certain hair replacement procedures for 35 years!), how to choose the right procedure and what to expect before and after surgery. We'll also look at medications and the latest in wigs and hair additions. A word of caution: There is no quick or sure-fire way to replace your dwindling follicles with a full, thick head of hair. So it's important that your expectations are realistic and that you exercise patience while you explore your options. Good luck!
Before we discuss the reasons for hair loss, let's do a quick review of how hair works. This should help our understanding when we begin to look at the different transplantation procedures. (See How Hair Coloring Works for more.)
Typical mammalian hair consists of the shaft, protruding above the skin, and the root, which is sunk in a follicle, or pit, beneath the skin surface. Except for a few growing cells at the base of the root, the hair is dead tissue and is composed of keratin and related proteins. The hair follicle is a tube-like pocket of the epidermis (see How Sunburns and Sun Tans Work) that encloses a small section of the dermis at its base. Human hair is formed by rapid divisions of cells at the base of the follicle. As the cells are pushed upward from the follicle's base, they harden and undergo pigmentation. (See How Cells Work.)
The hair on our scalps and in our eyebrows and eyelashes are different from other bodily hairs. Hair on the head grows a healthy half-inch (1.3 cm) per month, and long scalp hairs have an average life of three to five years. Most of us have between 100,000 and 150,000 hairs on our heads.
What causes hair loss?
If you grew up hearing that baldness is caused by vitamin deficiencies, poor circulation to the scalp or too much hat-wearing, you might be surprised to know that all of these theories have been disproved. Also untrue:
- You can tell if you'll lose your hair by looking at your maternal grandfather and uncles - No.
- Forty-year-old men who haven't lost their hair never will - No.
- Brushing your hair 100 strokes each day makes your hair healthier - No.
Experts say that baldness, or alopecia, is primarily caused by a combination of aging, hormonal changes and family history of baldness (on either parent's side). There are generally two types of hair loss:
- Anagen effluvium - Permanent hair loss caused by the destruction of hair follicles
- Telogen effluvium - Temporary hair loss due to transitory damage to the follicles
Anagen effluvium is generally due to internally administered medications, such as chemotherapy agents, that poison the growing hair follicles. Telogen effluvium is due to an increased number of hair follicles entering the resting stage. The most common causes of telogen effluvium are:
- Physical stress - Surgery, illness, anemia, rapid weight change
- Emotional stress - Mental illness, death of a family member
- Thyroid abnormalities
- Medications - High doses of vitamin A (sometimes present in diet supplements), blood pressure medications, gout medications
- Hormonal changes - Pregnancy, birth control pills, menopause
Androgenetic Alopecia
Up to 95 percent of permanent hair loss is due to androgenetic alopecia, a hereditary condition that affects millions of men, women and children. This condition is characterized by what we call pattern baldness. Male pattern baldness generally starts with a receding hairline at the front or thinning of the crown hair and gradually progresses until, in extreme cases, only a thin horseshoe-shaped rim of hair remains at the back and sides of the head. Female pattern baldness, which has received more attention in recent years, refers to general thinning of hair all over the scalp, usually beginning at around age 30 and becoming more noticeable after 40 and particularly after menopause.
Along with advancing age and an inherited tendency to bald early (a more complex link than researchers originally thought), androgenetic alopecia is sped up by an over-abundance of the male hormone dihydrotestosterone (DHT) within the hair follicle. DHT is a highly active form of testosterone, which influences certain aspects of masculine behavior, from aggression to sex drive.
Testosterone is converted to DHT by an enzyme called 5-alpha reductase, which is produced in the prostate, the scalp and various adrenal glands. Over time, DHT causes hair follicles to degrade and shortens their anagen, or active, phase.
Technically, the follicle is still alive and connected to a good blood supply (that's why it can nurture a transplanted follicle that is immune to the effects of DHT), but it will grow smaller and smaller. Some follicles will die, but most will simply shrink in size and produce weaker hairs. The progressively shorter anagen growing cycle means more hairs are shed and remaining hairs become so thin that they cannot survive daily wear and tear, experts say. Hairs in balding areas gradually change from long, coarse, thick, colored hairs into fine, unpigmented, fuzzy hairs.
Alopecia Treatments
The best treatment options for androgenetic alopecia include:
- Learning to live with hair loss (talking to a professional counselor can help)
- Using hair styles (a good cut can make a big difference) and cosmetic techniques to diffuse hair loss
- Some combination of hair additions (wigs, extensions) and hair replacement surgery
Many people with this disorder also use minoxidil, the only FDA-approved medication for safe and effective treatment of both male and female pattern hair loss. Generally, minoxidil, available in both oral (by prescription) and topical (over-the-counter) forms, is more effective at retarding hair loss than at stimulating growth, but many people say they experience both.
Alopecia Areata
According to the American Hair Loss Council, alopecia areata also affects (to some degree) millions of men, women and children. This non-scarring, inflammatory condition is usually temporary -- it's experienced in episodes by almost 90 percent of those who have it. Alopecia areata is generally thought to be an autoimmune disease in which cells from an individual's own immune system mistakenly prevent hair follicles from producing hair fiber. In many cases, the body will use its own management system to reverse the problem in time. However, those affected even temporarily by the disease can experience low self-esteem and depression and may need help from their families and friends.
The National Alopecia Areata Foundation says that approximately 20 percent of alopecia areata cases are related to heredity, as opposed to androgenic alopecia, in which heredity plays a more prominent role.
There is no diagnostic test for alopecia areata, but an experienced dermatologist can usually identify it. (For a more definitive diagnosis, doctors sometimes need to take a small skin biopsy for microscopic examination.) The disorder causes patchy hair loss, often appearing as small, smooth patches on different areas of the scalp (or, occasionally, on other parts of the body). These patches can appear suddenly, sometimes within 24 hours, and some people report feeling tingling and/or pain at the site. Other types of alopecia areata include:
- Alopecia totalis - An advanced form of alopecia areata that results in total hair loss of the scalp
- Alopecia universalis - Another form of advanced alopecia areata that causes hair loss over the entire body
- Traction alopecia - Hair loss caused by physical stress and tension on the hair, such as prolonged use of hair weaving or braiding ("Corn rows" or braids done too tightly on weak hair can cause permanent hair loss.)
We'll take a look at treatment options for alopecia areata in the next section.
Treatment for Alopecia Areata
There is no cure for alopecia areata, but its patchiness responds to medical treatment to varying degrees (less effectively in cases of alopecia totalis and universalis). Unfortunately, hair transplants do not work on alopecia areata because it's what doctors call "recipient dominant." In other words, the bald patch, which would receive transplanted hair, provides no potential for hair growth.
Patients whose conditions don't respond to medical treatment might want to explore the use of wigs (some insurance companies pay for these -- contact the American Hair Loss Council for a list of companies that do) or hair coverings such as turbans or scarves. Because of the unpredictability of alopecia areata, experts suggest that you avoid covering a patchy area with small hair additions. This is because the hair piece might be useless to you within a few weeks due to further advancement of the alopecia. A dermatologist can best tell you when your condition has stabilized -- at that time, more options might be available to you.
Experts suggest that parents support their child's choice when it comes to purchasing a wig or prosthesis for the child. Putting pressure on the child to wear a wig can send the wrong message and make the child feel self-conscious about the way he or she looks. There are support groups across the country for people of all ages. Contact the National Alopecia Areata Foundation to find a group in your area.
Chemotherapy-Related Hair Loss
As we mentioned earlier, chemotherapy is the administration of drugs that are poisonous to rapidly reproducing cancer cells (see How Cancer Works). Cancer cells are some of the most rapidly reproducing cells in the body (see How Cells Work). Other cells, such as those that contribute to the formation of hair shafts and nails, also reproduce quickly. So while chemotherapy drugs preferentially destroy cancer cells, the drugs also can destroy cells responsible for normal growth of hair and nails. That's why cancer patients sometimes shed their hair and nails during treatment. No hair growth stimulants, shampoos, conditioners or other cosmetic treatments can prevent or retard the hair loss. The good news is that once chemotherapy is completed, the hair usually grows back within six months to a year.
Drugs and Ointments
Pharmaceutical hair restoration treatments use manufactured chemical substances to affect the structure or function of the hair follicles in an effort to stop hair loss and promote hair growth. Some hair loss medications work by causing hair follicles that have shrunk or shut down to enlarge and grow hair again. Hair restoration medications are used to treat both sudden, temporary hair loss and chronic hair loss that starts slowly and becomes progressively more extreme over time.
These medications may be applied to the skin, taken by mouth or injected, and they include both prescription and non-prescription drugs. Prescription drugs are typically powerful and have the potential for some serious undesirable side effects if not used as directed and for their intended purpose.
Over-the-counter medications, like prescription drugs, contain active ingredients that affect the body's structure or function in order to treat a medical condition. These medications are intended for conditions that do not generally require skilled medical diagnosis. They are usually less powerful than prescription drugs and less likely to cause harmful side effects.
Minoxidil (the generic name) is in a class of drugs called hair growth stimulants. Oral minoxidil, a prescription drug originally used to treat high blood pressure, was found to increase body hair growth in the majority of patients taking it daily.
This led to the development of topical minoxidil, sold over-the-counter and marketed in its 2 percent form under the brand name HealthGuard (Bausch & Lomb Pharmaceuticals), and in its 5 percent form under the brand name Rogaine (Pharmacia & Upjohn). These formulas have been shown to stimulate hair growth in men with pattern baldness. In women, these ointments can help increase growth in the forehead area, according to manufacturers.
Pregnant or nursing women should avoid minoxidil in either form and be cautioned that the use of extra-strength formulas are not designed for women and can cause facial hair growth and other problems.
Minoxidil is what pharmacists call dose-dependent. This means that treatment must be continued in order to maintain or increase hair growth benefits. Regular-strength Rogaine must applied on a dry scalp at least twice daily (and left in place for at least four hours) and for at least four months to see results. Extra strength formulas work much more quickly (in about 45 days), manufacturers say.
Oral minoxidil can cause a fall in blood pressure, an increase in the heart rate, and weight gain (fluid retention). An increase in the absorption of topical minoxidil from the scalp can occur in users with inflamed or abnormal scalps and can lead to the same side effects as those of the oral minoxidil. This means that people with heart failure or major coronary heart disease should avoid the drug in either form, and those with high blood pressure should consult their doctors. In addition, topical minoxidil should not be used with other ointments or topical creams. Skin side effects might include irritation, itching, hives, swelling and sensitivity.
We'll take a look at some other medications in the next section.
Finasteride and Other Medications
Finasteride, a prescription drug marketed in a 1-mg tablet as Propecia (Merck Pharmaceutical), was approved by the FDA in 1998 for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. (Finasteride, in a 5-mg tablet, was manufactured and marketed earlier as Proscar, which is still used to treat prostrate abnormalities.)
Propecia works by decreasing the concentration of the male hormone DHT (see previous page) by about 60 percent in people taking one tablet per day. Since finasteride inhibits this hormone, which is a key factor in the miniaturization of scalp hair follicles, this allows for a reversal of the balding process. Results are usually seen in about three months, and this drug is also dose-dependent. Generally, finasteride is not beneficial in the treatment of female pattern baldness.
Some researchers say that a combination of minoxidil and finasteride provides hair growth that is superior to that resulting from the use of either single drug. Talk to your doctor about this. Side effects that have been attributed to finasteride include decreased libido and groin aches.
Other Medications
Other less familiar options include using Retin-A (brand name, Ortho Pharmaceutical) alone and in combination with minoxidil to treat male pattern baldness. It is thought that the combination works because the increased absorption caused by Retin-A increases the amount of minoxidil reaching the hair follicle cells. (Since Retin-A is degraded by strong light, you should only use it at night. If you're using a combination formula, wear a hat or stay in the shade.)
Xandrox solutions, which are alternatives to Rogaine, come in formulas with varying amounts of minoxidil, Retin-A and azelaic acids. Ask your doctor or pharmacist to help you choose the right formula.
Over-the-Counter Products
If the shampoo bottles marked "for thicker hair" grab your attention in the store, you might want to think again before tossing one into your cart. According to the FDA, none of the shampoos or hair products that claim to give you thicker, fuller hair can actually do that. What these products do, instead, is to create the appearance of greater fullness by plumping up hair follicles.
There's another interesting product on the market -- make-up that colors your scalp the same color as your hair. It's cheap, it's fast and it's safe. (Manufacturers say it won't run when wet but easily washes off with normal shampooing.) You can't create a frontal hair line with this product, but if you can't afford surgery or a new wig, why not check it out?
Wigs and Hairpieces
For thousands of years, wigs have been called wigs. Today, wigs are called many different things, and they've come a long way in terms of offering a more natural appearance. Temporary usage of hair additions while undergoing lengthy hair transplant sessions is becoming more popular among men and women who don't want to advertise their work-in-progress, especially since many transplants take one or two years to complete.
A non-surgical hair addition is any external hair-bearing device added to existing hair or scalp to give the appearance of a fuller head of hair. In this category are hair weaves, hair extensions, hairpieces, toupees, non-surgical hair replacements and partial hair prostheses. Devices may consist of human hair, synthetic fiber or a combination of both.
Partial hair additions -- now more popular than wigs -- are attached in a variety of ways. All techniques use either the existing hair or the skin as anchor sites. Weaving, fusion, bonding and cabling generally describe the techniques used to attach the new hair to the existing hair. All are used to provide more security for the active lifestyle, and they are all dependent on the growing existing hair and therefore must be reattached or tightened as the existing hair grows. (Techniques that stress your existing hair, such as weaves, can cause permanent damage if done incorrectly or on an inappropriate candidate. Even temporary clips attached too tightly can cause permanent hair loss.)
Techniques that use the skin as the anchor site include adhesives such as two-sided tapes and water-proof liquids. Most adhesives are safe, but it's a good idea to have your dermatologist do a patch test to check for skin allergies.
If your hair loss is due to illness or chemotherapy or physical abnormalities, these devices are your best solution (you should probably opt for a full wig). Many large hair replacement centers as well as many small salons offer this service.
On the down side, these hair systems are high maintenance and can be, in the long run, more expensive than the other options we've discussed. (Depending on materials and design, the price can range from $750 to $2,500 and up for a quality custom-made hair addition.) Although insurance generally does not cover male or female pattern hair loss, it may cover the cost of a hair addition when hair loss is caused by disease or other abnormalities.
And the expenses don't stop there. First, you will always need two hairpieces -- one that you wear and one that is being re-styled. Soon (usually in about a year to 18 months), you will need to replace both. Although human hair is used, it is constantly being dyed, brushed and permed to match your hair. After a while, just like your own hair, each hair strand breaks or becomes over-processed and the material it is attached to starts breaking down from the constant reattachment. You will also have to visit the hair center every four to six weeks to have your hair trimmed and have the piece reattached and blended.
The industry is seeing a growing number of people using wigs and hair systems to cover the results of a bad hair transplant, and to combine partial transplantation with a partial hair addition. The Hair Loss Council offers this example: An individual with severe baldness who wants to wear his hair straight back may opt for a transplanted hairline only (due to lack of donor hair available). Behind the newly transplanted front hairline, this person might have a hair addition designed so that he can now comb his own hair straight back.
Hair Transplantation
Hair transplantation involves removing small pieces of hair-bearing scalp grafts, or plugs, from a donor site (often from the thick hair on the sides and back of the head) and relocating them to a bald or thinning area.
Before we examine specific hair replacement techniques, let's look at the history of hair transplantation. Historians say that the hair restoration field probably had its roots in the 1930s in Japan, where experiments focused on taking skin, hair and roots from one area of the body and moving them to areas of the body disfigured by accidents and war injuries.
In the 1950s, American dermatologist Norman Orentreich published articles on how hairy skin can be moved from one area to a bald area and actually take the genetics with it. Contrary to what most people believed, Orentreich was able to prove the theory of donor dominance, which says that hair, when moved, will continue to grow as it would have in its original site. (That's why the permanent, "lifetime" hair on the sides and back of the head are often used as donor sites in transplants.) He is credited with being the first to come up with the idea of using transplantation to replace the hair that a balding person is losing.
According to Dr. Stephen Cotlar, hair transplantation ranks as the number one cosmetic procedure performed on men today. The reason for the transplant explosion of the past six or seven years is that the results gained from the procedure are so much better than they once were. And the results are better because techniques have been improved. However, Cotlar says, the basic concept of hair transplantation is pretty much the same as when it was first performed. The major difference in hair transplantation today is related to graft, or plug, size.
Someone whose transplants were done by a doctor using the older technique can be easily identified by the "garden patch" appearance of his hair. These larger grafts were the standard until about a decade ago, when transplant surgeons looked critically at their work and the correlation between their results and graft size. They decided that smaller grafts would provide better results, because smaller grafts contain fewer hairs and, therefore, less clumping (of transplanted hairs), which is responsible for that characteristic sprout-like look. That began the era of mini-grafts and micro-grafts. Let's look more closely at these as we learn how hair transplantation works.
The Hair Transplantation Procedure
As we mentioned earlier, hair transplantation involves removing small pieces of hair-bearing scalp from a donor site and relocating them to holes or slits in a bald or thinning area, usually on the top of the scalp. Modern techniques in hair grafting (the most recently performed method of transplantation) is performed by many physicians and in many clinics throughout the world. No new hair is added during this procedure -- hair and skin are simply relocated. Grafts vary in size and shape:
- Punch grafts - Round grafts that usually contain about 10 to 15 hairs
- Mini-grafts - Much smaller grafts containing 2 to 4 hairs
- Micro-graft - Tiny grafts containing 1 to 2 hairs
- Slit grafts - Thin grafts that contain about 4 to 10 hairs each
- Strip grafts - Long, thin grafts containing 30 to 40 hairs
Several surgical sessions may be needed to achieve more fullness, and a healing interval of several months is usually recommended between sessions. It may take up to two years before you see the final results of the transplant series.
The amount of coverage you need is partly dependent on the color and texture of your hair. Coarse, gray or light-colored hair offers better coverage than fine, dark-colored hair. The number of large plugs transplanted in the first session varies with each individual, but the average is about 50. For mini-grafts or micro-grafts, the number can be up to 700 per session (more about the new megasessions later).
Just before surgery, the donor area will be trimmed short so that the grafts can be easily removed. The graft donor and recipient areas are treated with a local anesthetic similar to that used by dentists. If your surgeon is making punch grafts, he or she may use a special tube-like instrument made of sharp carbon steel for punching the round graft out of the donor site. (The doctor will be very careful in removing and placing grafts to ensure that the transplanted hair will grow in a natural direction and that hair growth at the donor site is not negatively affected.)
For other types of grafts, your doctor will use a scalpel to remove small sections of hairy scalp, which will be divided into tiny sections and transplanted into tiny holes or slits within the scalp. When grafts are taken, your doctor may periodically inject small amounts of saline solution into the scalp to maintain proper skin strength.
The donor site holes may be closed with stitches (a single stitch may close each punch site). When other types of grafts are used, a small, straight-line scar will result. The stitches are usually concealed with the surrounding hair. To maintain healthy circulation in the scalp, the grafts are placed about one-eighth of an inch (3 mm) apart. In later sessions, the spaces between the plugs will be filled in with additional grafts.
After the grafting session is complete, your scalp will be cleansed and covered with gauze. Some doctors require patients to wear pressure bandages for a day or two, while others allow their patients to recover bandage-free.
Now that smaller grafts represent the standard in hair transplantation, the only major controversy in the field today is staged restoration versus megasessions. Traditionally, surgical hair restoration has been staged (planned) in multiple surgical sessions. A typical session might average between 150 and 300 grafts. The sessions are spaced three to four months apart. Depending on the patient's degree of balding, four or more sessions might be scheduled. Using staged sessions, it can take up to two years or so before the full effects of the transplant can be seen.
Recently, there has been a trend toward placing more grafts per session -- as many as 3,000! Technically, surgeons say, megasessions are more demanding and allow a slimmer margin for error. They are lengthy and require more staff. For example, a large session of 2,000 grafts or more may take over eight hours and require up to four or five assistants. In most cases, the physician will remove the pieces of hair-bearing scalp and then close the resulting wound. He then hands the donor hair to the assistants, who are responsible for both preparing the grafts for transplantation and placing them (usually the doctor will make the holes where the grafts are to be placed).
Proponents of the megasession say its appeal is that it requires fewer surgeries to achieve hair restoration in a shorter period of time. Since many physicians charge less per graft when larger numbers are placed, there may also be financial advantages to this option. If a person is traveling out of town to have his surgery performed, he probably would want to have as few sessions as possible.
Doctors who are opposed to megasessions say that in the very large megasessions where grafts are packed very close together, the overall graft survival is not as good. They also say that, since hair loss is an ongoing process, planning multiple smaller sessions allows more flexibility for the future. Even in the case of megasessions, a repeat procedure is often necessary for getting the best results.
We'll take a closer look at some of the other different types of surgical procedures for hair replacement in the following sections.
Other Surgical Techniques
There are several techniques that can be used alone or in combination. Transplant techniques, such as punch grafts, mini-grafts, micro-grafts, slit grafts and strip grafts, are generally performed on patients who desire more modest changes in hair fullness.
Flaps, tissue-expansion and scalp-reduction are usually more appropriate for patients who desire a more dramatic change. (General anesthesia is often necessary to allow patients to sleep through these more extensive surgical procedures.) Let's look at these more closely.
How would you like to wake up tomorrow with a full-grown frontal hair line of your own natural hair? Well, this is the only procedure that offers such a possibility.
In this 20-year-old procedure, a much larger portion of hair-bearing skin -- basically a flap -- is transferred from the sides or back of the head to the balding area. The size of the flap and its placement depend on the patient's needs. The hair-bearing flap (which can take the place of around 350 punch grafts) is brought into its new position and sewn into place, still attached on one end to its original blood supply. As healing occurs, the scar will be hidden by relocated hair, which grows to the very edge of the incision.
Although flaps transfer the greatest amount of hair in the shortest amount of time, the surgery is more extensive and your doctor must have very specific training and experience. This treatment requires general anesthesia, and it leaves scars both above and below the flap. Also, the angle of hair growth may be the same as it was on the side of your head, which may look strange.
In recent years, plastic surgeons have made significant advances in flap techniques, combining flap surgery with scalp reduction for better coverage of the crown, or with tissue expansion to provide better frontal coverage and a more natural hairline.
Scalp Reduction
What if you could just remove the skin in the bald area on the back of your head and pull the two sides of (hair-bearing) skin together? Scalp reduction, which has become pretty common, is sometimes referred to as "advancement flap surgery" because sections of hair-bearing scalp are pulled forward or advanced to fill in a bald crown (it's not useful for covering the frontal hairline).
After the scalp is injected with a local anesthetic, a segment of bald scalp is removed. The pattern of the segment varies widely, depending on the patient. If a large amount of coverage is needed, doctors commonly remove a segment of scalp in an inverted Y-shape. Excisions may also be shaped like a U, a pointed oval or some other figure.
The skin surrounding the cut-out area is loosened and pulled, so that the sections of hair-bearing scalp can be brought together and closed with stitches. Doctors say you will probably feel a strong pulling at this point and possibly some pain. Usually, multiple scalp reductions are done; their success depends on the laxity of the scalp and the degree of hair loss as well as the patient's age. Almost all scalp reductions are done with a combination of either flaps or grafts.
Disadvantages to this procedure are that multiple surgeries are usually required as the skin on most heads is not elastic enough to remove more than a few square inches of scalp at a time. The procedures may go on for months, and the pain and healing cycles are present after each session. Scars may be very noticeable between procedures and the skin on your head may feel very tight for a long time.
We'll take a look at scalp expansion techniques in the next section.
Scalp Expansion and Extension
Scalp expansion and scalp extension are done to accommodate scalp reductions when the scalp is too tight. Expansion is also used to prepare individuals for flap surgeries.
Tissue Expansion
Plastic surgeons are the leaders in tissue expansion, a procedure commonly used in reconstructive surgery to repair burn wounds and injuries with significant skin loss. Its use in hair replacement surgery has generated dramatic results -- significant coverage in a relatively short amount of time.
In this technique, a balloon-like device called a tissue expander is inserted beneath hair-bearing scalp that is next to a bald area. The device is gradually inflated with salt water over a period of weeks, causing the skin to expand and grow new skin cells. This causes a bulge beneath the hair-bearing scalp, especially after several weeks.
When the skin beneath the hair has stretched enough -- usually about two months after the first operation -- another procedure is performed to bring the expanded skin over to cover the adjacent bald area.
Laser Surgery
Lasers were first used in hair transplantation in 1992. Results were variable (in some instances, the use of strong continuous beam lasers caused traumatic injuries) and the procedure remains controversial today.
Newer, safer technology has been developed and approved by the FDA, especially in the area of pulsating lasers (see How Tattoo Removal Works). However, laser surgery still isn't a mainstream hair replacement option. In this procedure, the laser's light beam is rapidly pulsed up to hundreds of times per second. This avoids heat buildup and preserves the vascular layers of the scalp.
Laser recipient sites are generally holes ranging in size from 0.3 to 0.8 millimeters. (Some surgeons prefer to use strip grafts -- again, doctors disagree on this subject.) Small amounts of bald tissue are removed with each pulse of the laser. This prevents any compression of the newly placed grafts. After all the recipient sites are made, a small probe is used to enter the scalp's vascular layer -- a procedure that must take place without damaging the vascular layer's components.
As with conventional transplant surgery, local anesthetic is used, preceded by an analgesic cream that helps to reduce the injection's sting. The donor area is then harvested using simple scalpel techniques (the laser doesn't do the job here). After the donor grafts or strips have been removed, the area is sealed with an infrared coagulation device and then closed with sutures. Sutures are removed in 10 days in most cases.
How Do I Find the Right Surgeon?
Hair replacement surgery can improve your appearance and boost your self-confidence, but the results won't necessarily measure up to your ideal. Before you decide to have surgery, think carefully about your expectations and discuss them with your surgeon. It's important to understand that all hair replacement techniques use your existing hair. The goal of surgery is to find the most efficient uses for that hair. (As we mentioned earlier, if you have alopecia areata, you're not a candidate for hair transplantation.)
In general, hair replacement candidates must have healthy hair growth at the back and sides of the head to serve as donor areas. Donor areas are the places on the head from which grafts and flaps are taken. Other factors such as hair color, texture and waviness or curliness may also affect the outcome. There are several techniques used in hair replacement surgery. Sometimes, surgeons use two or more of these to achieve the best results.
The first thing to do if you're concerned about hair loss or baldness is to see a qualified dermatologist, dermatologic surgeon or plastic surgeon to determine the cause of your hair loss. This will eliminate certain replacement strategies. Then, you'll need the help of an experienced surgeon to decide which procedure will work best for you.
Ask your family doctor, city, county or state medical agencies, your hair stylist or the local Better Business Bureau for names of qualified surgeons. (You can also check with some of the major hair replacement and hair loss organizations listed at right.) It's best if your surgeon lives and works in your community, since several sessions are generally required and in case of complications following surgery. (This can also be beneficial because you can talk to your chosen surgeon's previous patients.)
It's also a good idea to inquire whether a surgeon holds membership in any of the well-known professional organizations, such as the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, the American Academy of Cosmetic Surgery, the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery or the American Society of Dermatologic Surgery.
In addition to your surgeon's credibility, you should be able to trust him or her. There are always people who will do surgery that you request even if your chances of good results are slim. That's why some experts say the number of transplant candidates a surgeon has turned away (because they were inappropriate candidates) says more about the surgeon than the number of procedures he or she has done.
How Do I Know Which Procedure is Right for Me?
One transplantation veteran compares getting hair replacement surgery to doing a major remodeling job on your home. These considerations hold true for both "projects":
- It is a major, expensive project that requires commitment.
- It is something that you definitely want done right the first time around.
- Although you would, naturally, like the job done in as short a time as possible, what you want more is quality.
One big difference between hair replacement surgery and a home remodeling project is that an unsatisfactory construction job is easier to redo than a poor surgical job. After all, the available hair that can be transplanted is limited. Once it's gone, it's gone.
Again, if you're considering hair replacement surgery, it's important to understand that you will never have the coverage you had prior to your hair loss, but surgery may camouflage the thin areas and give you more fullness. (If you have very little hair, surgeons may see you as a poor candidate for replacement surgery.)
No matter which surgical procedure you choose, it's important to know these facts about hair replacement surgery:
- Hair replacement surgery is normally safe when performed by a qualified, experienced physician.
- Since individuals vary in their physical reactions and healing abilities, and the outcome is never completely predictable, every surgical procedure contains some element of uncertainty and risk.
- As with any surgery, infection may occur.
- In transplant procedures, there is a chance that some of the grafts won't "take." (Although it is normal for the hair contained within the plugs to fall out before establishing regrowth in its new location, sometimes the skin plug dies and surgery must be repeated.)
- When hair loss progresses after surgery, an unnatural, patchy look may result -- especially if the newly placed hair lies next to patches of hair that continue to thin out. If this happens, additional surgery may be required.
Planning Your Surgery
Remember, hair replacement surgery is an individualized treatment. To make sure that every surgical option is available to you, find a doctor who has experience performing all types of replacement techniques -- not just one procedure that he or she claims can take care of your hair loss problem.
In your first meeting, your surgeon will evaluate your hair growth and loss, review your family history of hair loss and ask about any previous hair replacement surgery. Your surgeon will also ask you about your lifestyle and discuss your expectations and goals for surgery. Medical conditions that could cause problems during or after surgery, such as uncontrolled high blood pressure, blood-clotting problems or the tendency to form excessive scars, should also be checked by your doctor. Be sure to tell your surgeon if you smoke or are taking any drugs or medications, especially aspirin or other drugs that affect clotting.
Once you and your surgeon have agreed on the best surgery for you, your doctor will explain anesthesia, where the surgery will take place (usually in your surgeon's office or in an outpatient clinic) and the risks and costs involved. Now's not the time to be shy -- ask lots of questions! Make sure you understand which procedures will be used and how long each will take. The number of sessions required depends on the individual patient, the extent of baldness and the number of grafts done at each session.
Be sure to find out if your doctor does megasessions -- single sessions in which up to 3,000 grafts are done at once -- or uses more traditional short sessions with fewer implants. This is a hot topic of debate in the hair replacement industry. The length of each session depends on the amount of surgery performed. Typical sessions are two to three hours.
It's also a good idea to ask your doctor to give you an idea (don't hold him/her to it!) of what you will look like after the procedure or, in the case of grafts, after each stage of treatment.
Preparing for Surgery
Your surgeon will give you specific instructions on how to prepare for surgery, including guidelines on eating and drinking, smoking, and taking and avoiding certain vitamins and medications. By following these instructions, you will help ensure that your surgery goes smoothly. If you smoke, it's especially important to stop at least a week or two before surgery; smoking inhibits blood flow to the skin and can interfere with healing.
Preliminary blood tests will be taken. You should wash your hair the evening before or the morning of the session. Don't bother to get your hair cut before your session. Surgeons say the donor sites are easier to conceal just after surgery if the surrounding hair is moderately long.
You should arrange for someone to drive you home after surgery (rarely is a hospital stay required). Plan to take it easy for a couple of days and arrange for help if you think you'll need it.
What can I expect after hair replacement surgery?
You may experience some pain or discomfort, but doctors say this will be mild and will respond to pain medication. Most surgeons will ask that you refrain from wearing a wig or hairpiece for at least two weeks after surgery.
What's tougher than that, hair transplant veterans say, is being patient. Patience is necessary since it will take some time for you to see the full results of your surgery. Due to the manipulation involved, the hairs in the larger grafts usually are shed. Regrowth typically begins in two to six months. Hairs in smaller grafts often continue to grow immediately after surgery. They will grow as if they were still in their original, non-balding location.
You'll also need to be realistic -- you can't really expect a "full head" of hair. Your surgery has simply redistributed the hair that remains on your scalp to the best cosmetic advantage. Occasionally, a few grafts may produce a reduced number of hairs, but almost all will produce hair.
It takes several weeks for the grafts to become firmly anchored, so be very careful with your hair grooming. Gentle shampooing may be done daily, if necessary, beginning three days after the procedure. A very mild, non-medicated shampoo should be used for the first few weeks.
How soon you get back to your normal schedule depends on the length, complexity and type of surgery you've had. You may feel well enough to go back to work and resume normal, light activity after several days.
How much does this surgery cost?
Cost can vary from $4,000 for a lesser degree of hair loss to over $20,000 for more extensive hair loss. The cost depends on the amount of surgery required -- this means that flap, scalp reduction and tissue expansion procedures will cost more. (Some surgeons claim that the cost of hair replacement surgery is hardly more than the cost, maintenance and replacement of a good hairpiece.)
You may need a surgical touch-up procedure to create more natural-looking results after your incisions have healed. Sometimes, this involves blending, a filling-in of the hairline using a combination of mini-grafts, micro-grafts or slit grafts. Or, if you've had a flap procedure, a small bump called a "dog ear" may remain visible on the scalp. Your doctor can surgically remove this after complete healing has occurred. Generally, it's best to anticipate that you will need a touch-up procedure. Your surgeon can usually predict how extensive your follow-up surgery is likely to be -- and how much it will cost.
Usually, your medical insurance will not cover these procedures. Check with your insurance company regarding reimbursement. Many surgeons will set up payment plans, and there are even companies that specialize in loans for hair replacement surgery!
When you consider your expenses, don't forget to factor in your travel expenses if you have to go out of town to see your doctor.
New Research in Hair Replacement
According to researchers at a small biotechnology company called AntiCancer, Inc., it may soon be possible to resuscitate gray hair and recover follicles that have gone dormant. These researchers, who work primarily to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic models for treating cancer, are growing various types of cancer cells on artificial sponge-gel matrices as part of this research.
When they tried to grow normal human skin on the gel matrices, they were surprised to see that not only did the cells grow, but they also produced hair! Having done that, they began to screen for molecules that might modify hair growth. Working along these lines, the researchers found that liposomes (synthetic microscopic phospholipid spheres) could be used to selectively and efficiently target molecules to the follicle cells.
They have now reported the successful delivery of plasmid DNA coding for the lacZ gene to mouse skin cells. "We were able to selectively target the lacZ reporter gene to the hair follicles of mice after topical application of the gene entrapped in liposomes. These results demonstrate that highly selective, safe gene therapy for the hair process is feasible," said Dr. Robert Hoffman, founder and president of AntiCancer, Inc. He believes the findings have laid the groundwork for the treatment of baldness or for methods of artificial darkening of hair that has turned gray with age, using a very safe and relatively straightforward procedure. Researchers at the National Institutes of Health find this work encouraging. Stay tuned!
If you'd like to read more about hair loss and replacement, check out the Bald Man's Home Page -- it's one of the best around! Now that you're better informed, you'll be able to work with your doctor to make the right decision about your hair loss.
One last thought: What's on the inside really does mean more than what's on the outside. And there are still bald men who wear their smooth pates proudly -- check out the Bald Headed Men of America Web site!
For lots more information on hair replacement and related topics, check out the links on the next page.


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So far my Hunter has gone solo and gotten to the heady heights of level 81. My other 80's are waiting for the wife and I to play through the Goblin and Worgen starting areas. (Which also means they're, for the first time in a long time, earning rested xp.)
(And we got stuck for a bit waiting for USPS to deliver her Collector's Edition. It's yet to arrive. Gamestop to the rescue yesterday for the win!!!1!)
But I've had a look around. Farmed some ore. Gathered some leather. Spent some money in the AH on the awesome greens.
The Worgen and Goblin beginning areas are completely different. So different they may as well be different games.
The Worgen reminds me of being in Grimmenhagen, Nordland, in Warhammer, and in a good way.
The Goblin area has me feeling like I've gotten mixed up in a cross between Jersey Shore and a Japanese game show, and in a good way.
I think we've got a year to explore what's been given us here, raids being introduced (and killed off) weekly notwithstanding, and then there's the suggestion (85… the in-game mail…) we'll have an interesting YEAR, and we'll have the next thing. (Emerald Dream for 86-90 and then fighting the Burning Legion for the grand 90-100 finale. Anyway, that's my prediction.)
But, and not to suggest anything otherwise, this has been very good, very fun, all of it, and I've merely torn the shrink wrap off the box in what I've gotten done so far and with what all there is to see yet.


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Commercial, Products
By Staff Writer | April 8, 2013
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Malaysia's Weststar Aviation Services has agreed to purchase eight helicopters from AgustaWestland, consisting of a pair of large-cabin AW189s and a six-pack of AW139s. Tan Sri Syed Azman Syed Ibrahim, Weststar's group managing director, says the helicopters will support overseas expansion of the company's offshore oil and gas operations, including to Africa, South America and the Middle East. Weststar has ordered a total of 30 helicopters from AgustaWestland since 2010, 24 of which are AW139s, as well as four AW189s and two AW169s.
Graphic of an AW189 in Weststar livery. Courtesy of AgustaWestland


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It can be very easy to slip into a negative pattern of looking at our children's behavior and to spend our days barking out what needs to happen:
"Please put your shoes away!"
"How many times do I have to ask you to take your plate up to the counter when you are done eating?"
"Get ready now!"
"Brush your teeth!"
and the list goes on.
More critically, sometimes we also approach our children with the "BUT's" of life:
"Well, you did a pretty good job, but…"
"I was pleased with what happened, but.."
"It was a decent grade, but I know next time…"
Sometimes what we don't say also sounds criticizing to the child and the messages they "hear" are I'm not athletic, I'm not smart, I'm not like my older brother, I'm not cute like the baby, I never do things right.
If we want to hold onto our children, and if we know that connection is the first and foremost basis of discipline, then take my Gimme 5 challenge!
5 times a day, say these words to your children:
"I like when you……"
"I appreciate when you…"
"You are (smart, funny, caring, loyal, helpful, kind, etc!)
Hug, kiss, pat your child on the back , put your arm around them– 5 times a day!
For tiny children under the age of 6, it is not so much about your words but your overall demeanor and attitude: they don't always need the words a child ages 6 and above need, but they do need sunny smiles, warm hugs, singing, and you saying short and positive phrases that confirm just how wonderful they are.
Because they really are!
Try five a day; it can take the most challenging child and the most challenging discipline season and turn it around.
I can't wait to hear your results!


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One of the neat features for the SQL Saturday site is that it allows the speakers to upload a deck that is attached to their session. If you go to the schedule after the event, and pick a session you attended, you can get the Powerpoint deck, the code, anything the speaker has uploaded. That's handy, and too often I've been at events where speakers point you to some location they use and it's easy to forget where this is, or where the information is stored.
However the organizers have to send this note to speakers, and in most events, this has come after the event. I'll admit that sometimes I've been busy and have forgotten to upload the deck, or I've been slow to do so. However Saturday night, Sunday, or early the next week is when the attendees are thinking about the event, and if the deck isn't there, they might not go back.
This week I got the link early for SQL Saturday #60 in Cleveland. I was changing a couple slides in the presentation, based on feedback from previous events, and was a day late in uploading, but I have finished, and my deck is uploaded. Now I don't have to worry about it, and the link is live, people can get the deck for themselves.
I know some speakers are working on their decks at the last minute. I don't think that's a great idea, but I understand people have busy lives and they might be trying to add something on Friday that they learned recently. Or they remember to correct something from the last session as they're reviewing the night before. That's OK, and the organizers can always replace the code with a new download.
I do think, however, that most attendees would appreciate having the downloads available right away, and by sending the upload link to speakers before the event, you can improve the chances you'll have all the downloads uploaded and ready.


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Lori Wallace is back in Newcastle at Martha's Gardens, a family owned farm with 15 themed gardens on their property!
Martha's Gardens Pt 2
Sponsored By
Latest Videos
Teen's Tune 7/11Teen's Tune weekend edition. All your favorite weekenders go head-to-head trying to name classic holiday songs.
No Bake Christmas Treats - Pt. 2Tina shows us the finished product of her holiday snacks!
No Bake Christmas TreatsWhat's Christmas without the holiday treats? Tina got in the kitchen and hooked our crew up!
Solomon's DelicatessenThe popular K street Jewish deli is officially back open with a new menu, baker, program, and experience for the city to enjoy.
Music Minute 7/11The latest music news featuring Katy Perry!
Pianist Chris GoslowHe always plays Christmas songs on the piano for us during the holidays so why not today? We Skype with piano instructor Chris Goslow!
7-Eleven DayEvery July 11th local 7-Eleven mini marts give deals on their quick eats and SLURPEES. Ashley Williams finds out more about 7-Eleven Day!
We're Just CuriousTime to spin the Wheel of Questions!
what the kids are doingTina and Jordan try the new viral tik tok challenge
Jordan SingsIt's never too early to spread some love and happiness to one another. Jordan sings a Christmas song that reminds us: "Don't Save it All for a Rainy Day".
Drive thru CampGRAB THE KIDS AND TAKE THEM FOR A FUN RIDE FILLED WITH ALL KINDS OF COOL ACTIVITIES!
christmas in July with Christmas & CompanyIT'S CHRISTMAS IN JULY AT THE GOOD DAY STUDIO-- AND THIS LOCAL STORE KNOWS HOW TO CELEBRATE 365-DAYS A YEAR!
Bringing It Home with Laura McIntosh, Part 2Laura McIntosh is back to make a delicious peach cobler.
8:38 StretchGood Day players participate in the 8:38 stretch :
Bringing It Home with Laura McIntoshLaura McIntosh from Bringing It Home creates some tasty Christmas treats and drinks.
Christmas in JulyCHRISTMAS IN JULY WOULDN'T BE COMPLETE WITHOUT SOME MUSIC... SO WE CALLED ON A LOCAL PIANO TEACHER WHO'S A MASTER ON THE KEYS..
That Guy EyewearA local optometry center is opening, and Ashley is there with That Guy Eyewear.
Graffiti for GoodGraffiti for Good is hosting a competition for local artists to show off their work, and Ashley is there.
CBS 13 AM News Update 7/11/20Here's your latest weather and news update from Jordan Segundo and Tina Macuha.
Friday Dance Party!Let's dance our way into the weekend with DJ Flex - Let Me Clear My Throat! Have a great weekend!
Question of the Day - July 10thTime for this hour's......question. How do you get your steps in?
Trivia Toast - July 10thCourt brings us a few slices of...Trivia Toast! Quick answers, please!
Good Day Rewind - July 10thDid you miss something during the show today? Get caught up with our Good Day Rewind!
Virtual Fashion FundraiserJulissa is at a preview of a virtual fashion show that is a fundraiser for WEAVE. It's tonight live on Facebook!


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You are here, Viewing: GPS Navigation & Maps Sygic 17.3.2 Full
App Name: Sygic: GPS Navigation & Maps
Version: 17.3.2
Package Name: com.sygic.aura
Requirements: Varies with device
File Size: 30.4 MB (apk), 159.5 MB (base)
www.underclassblog.com — Sygic is the world's most installed offline GPS navigation app with real-time traffic for Android with free 3D offline maps from TomTom. Sygic offers the most accurate real-time traffic information with data collected from 500 million users world-wide, provided by global automotive, mobile operators, mapping & traffic information suppliers.
• Offline maps will reduce your cellular data usage, no internet is required
• Real-Time traffic helps you avoid traffic jams
• Police radar/speed camera warnings save your money and time
• Park easily with parking place suggestions and info about availability and prices
• Find cheapest gas based on your gas type
• Head-up Display (HUD) makes driving at night safer
• Tourist attractions & pedestrian navigation
• Real-time route sharing lets you share your planned route, estimated time of arrival & current position on a map
• Dynamic Lane Guidance & Junction View for safe lane changes
• Voice guided navigation with spoken street names
• Free map updates multiple times per year
• Dashcam that records even while you are navigating
• Millions of points of interest (POI) on the map
Whether you are travelling, commuting to work, or driving professionally Sygic GPS Navigation & Maps is your one map for everything.
Maps of all countries of the World from TomTom and other providers
• Europe, Russia
• North & South America
• Africa
• Asia & Middle East
• Australia, New Zealand
Please note that some features may not be available in all territories. Maps from TomTom and other providers.
You can test drive all features available in the most popular Premium + Traffic license for the first 7 days after installation. After 7 days you can continue using the basic features or upgrade to the Lifetime Premium license.
Need help? Please visit sygic.com/support we are here for you 7 days a week.
If you love our app, please leave a review. You will let others know how the app is, motivate our developers and help us improve our work. Thank you for your support.
Note: Sharing videos from Dashcam is forbidden by law in following countries: Austria, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Slovakia, Spain.
minor bugfixes
NOTE: If you experience difficulties with downloading Sygic: GPS Navigation & Maps 17.3.2 Full APK from given links below, please try to login first to those file hosting before download (it's free to create an account), make sure to uncheck "Use our download manager and get recommended downloads" or similar, if any.
Sygic: GPS Navigation & Maps 17.3.2 Full APK Posted on: http://www.underclassblog.com/2017/10/sygic-gps-navigation-maps-17-3-2-apk.html
credits TMPe
Patched APK
- sygic store is NOT BLOCKED, but it downloads valid license file - useful for TA,OS maps only
- tripadvisor, foursquare, booking, viator is WORKING
Patched APK + blocked data/reactivation
- sygic store is BLOCKED, use original APK (or SDLER's downloader) to download MAPS,VOICES,TTS, then install this APK
- no more return to trial state
- useful for NT or TA or OS maps
- tripadvisor, foursquare, booking, viator is WORKING
Base Folder (11.10.2017) + ALL VOICES + NT,TA,OS licenses + SPEEDCAMS:


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Shiftry's large fans generate awesome gusts of wind at a speed close to 100 feet per second. The whipped-up wind blows anything away. This Pokémon chooses to live quietly deep in forests.
Shiftry is a mysterious Pokémon that is said to live atop towering trees dating back over a thousand years. It creates terrific windstorms with the fans it holds.
Boosts the Pokémon's Speed stat in sunshine.
The Pokémon awakens quickly from sleep.
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Actor Dennis Hopper, who is battling cancer, was ordered today to pay his estranged wife and daughter $12,000 in monthly spousal and child support costs.
Los Angeles Superior Court Judge Amy Pellman issued the order during a hearing in the 73-year-old actor's divorce from his wife, Victoria. Pellman also ruled that Victoria Hopper can continue living on the actor's property.
Hopper was not present in court, but his wife and adult children attended. The frail actor's attorney said previously that Hopper was terminally ill.
U.S. & World
Hopper made a rare public appearance last month when he received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Pellman said both sides should work together to ease the impact on the expected death of the "Easy Rider" star on the couple's 7-year-old daughter..
Hopper filed for divorce in January. The couple have been married for about 14 years.


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SWRMPO meets May 22
The South Western Region Metropolitan Planning Organization will meet on Thursday, May 22, to discuss transportation and non-transportation policy, programs and projects.
The meeting agenda includes action items to endorse the annual certification of the transportation planning program, the Fiscal Year 2015 work program, and TIP amendments. Information items include updates on merger activities and upcoming meetings.
The meeting will take place at 8:15 a.m. at SWRPA offices, third floor, Stamford Government Center, 888 Washington Blvd.
For information, visit www.swrpa.org.


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Featured News - Current News - Archived News - News Categories
Famed culinary experts Ludo Lefebvre and Brian Malarkey are confirmed to join no-holds-barred chef Anthony Bourdain and British food star Nigella Lawson as mentors on eight episodes of ABC's innovative new cooking competition show, "The Taste." Bourdain and Lawson are also executive producers. The new one-hour alternative series from Kinetic Content will premiere in 2013 on the ABC Television Network.
On "The Taste," each of the four culinary superstars - Bourdain, Lawson, Lefebvre and Malarkey - will coach a team of four competing pro and amateur cooks chosen from a nationwide casting call as they vie to create the best tasting dish. In each episode, the groups will face team and individual challenges with a variety of culinary themes through several elimination rounds. At the end of each episode, the mentors will have to judge the competitors' dishes blind, with no knowledge of whose creation they're sampling, what they're eating, how it was prepared or whom they could be eliminating.
Lefebvre is the pioneer of a guerrilla style "pop-up" restaurant event called LudoBites that currently takes place at locations around Los Angeles. His newest book release, "LUDOBITES: Recipes and Stories from the Pop-Up Restaurants of Ludo Lefebvre," is the story of the seven LudoBites events that showcase Lefebvre's wildly inventive food with recipes that merge the techniques he has perfected in his years at the finest French restaurants with the simplicity forced upon him by the limits of a pop-up kitchen. Lefebvre trained at Restaurant L'Esperance with Marc Meneau, Restaurant Pierre Gagnaire and Arpege with Alain Passard, and Le Grande Vefour with Guy Martin in France. He moved to Los Angeles to work at L'Orangerie, where he became head chef at 25, and at the age of 26, was named as one of the world's 50 Greatest Chefs by Relais & Chateaux. Under his guidance, L'Orangerie became one of the top-rated restaurants in California, receiving the Mobil Five Star Award. He then moved on to Bastide, where he also received the prestigious award. He was a nominee for the James Beard Foundation Rising Chef Award in 2001, and is the author of the cookbook "Crave."
An award-winning maverick chef, Malarkey is one half of the brain trust that in less than two years has conceived five wildly successful restaurants in San Diego, including Searsucker, Burlap, Gingham, Gabardine and Herringbone. Each has opened to rave reviews, and Searsucker was named "the country's No. 2 hottest restaurant" by Time Magazine and OpenTable Diners Choice Awards. On the horizon is national expansion to 15 restaurants over the next five years, including a Searsucker in Scottsdale in November, plus the release of Malarkey's first cookbook, "Come Early, Stay Late." Growing up on a ranch in Bend, Ore., and spending summers enjoying the fresh seafood on the coast, Malarkey discovered his love for food and cooking at a young age. He attended Le Cordon Bleu in Portland. He was later hired as sous chef at Oceanaire Seafood Room in Minnesota, before opening their San Diego location as executive chef and operating partner. Under his direction, Oceanaire received more than 60 industry awards in less than five years.


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Yesterday I asked our readers (on Facebook) about a video that I'd seen of someone doing a whole bunch of mundane things like putting a glove onto a street post and throwing a mattress down some stairs. It was a long shot but I was hoping someone would know what I was talking about despite my vague description. Incredibly, it took less than 3 minutes to track down the video (thanks to Fredrik Berglund). So here is that video as well as a few other brilliant works by artist Koki Tanaka.
View the videos below!
"everything is everything" (2007)
"how to close car doors" (2007)
"how to draw a line on the road" (2007)
"take some plastic cups" (2006)


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Megiddo 1: The March to Armageddon - DVD
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Megiddo 1: The March to Armageddon
Megiddo: The March to Armageddon explores Bible prophecy concerning the last
day empire prophesied in the Old and New Testaments.
For the past four years, Adullam Films has been developing a documentary
series called Megiddo: The March to Armageddon. Believing we are
called to this by God, we have been immersed in research and haveconducted
original on-camera interviews with some of the leading authors & researchers
in Bible prophecy and its fulfillment in the world today.
Megiddo reveals how God uses prophecy to prove His existence and to separate
Himself from all others that claim His authority.
This informative documentary also chronicles startling quotes from powerful men
of history who have spoken of the need for world government to further the cause
of peace. But what does the Bible say about 'world peace' and its consequence
for mankind? Seen through the lens of prophecy, what is the significance of
World War I and II? Were these birth pangs to prepare the nations for World
War III and Armageddon?
"Great …! Very in depth and informative. I pray that it shakes the church and the
nonbelievers alike." -- L.A. Marzulli, Author of Nephilim & The Unholy Deception
"By far, the best documentary I have seen on this subject"
-- Dr. Stan Monteith, Radio Liberty
DVD. 135 Minutes


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CW4K was among those invited to The White House to help First Lady Michelle Obama and Partnership for a Healthier America (PHA) in welcoming seven new organizations as they join the group's DrinkUP effort, which encourages people across the country to drink more water, more often.
The seven organizations added included Brita®, First 5 Santa Clara County, Haws Corporation™, Nalgene® Outdoor Products, S'well Bottle, Santa Clara Valley Water District and The California Endowment.
The event took place on July 22 in Washington DC.
The First Lady also highlighted a new study from Nielsen Catalina Solutions (NCS), which found that a recent online ad campaign for DrinkUP fueled a 3 percent lift in incremental sales of bottled water among those exposed to the campaign. "When the DrinkUP campaign was launched last year, it had one simple goal – to get kids and families excited about drinking water," said First Lady Michelle Obama. "And today, less than a year later, we know that water sales jumped nearly three percent among people who saw Drink Up ads.
CW4K CEO, Greg Stromberg said, "A DrinkUP member company September, 2013, we are honored to be among those providing access to water for more people wherever they are, whenever they want it, however they want it – be it tap, filtered, canned or bottled"
The Partnership for a Healthier America (PHA) is devoted to working with the private sector to ensure the health of our nation's youth by solving the childhood obesity crisis. In 2010, PHA was created in conjunction with – but independent from – First Lady Michelle Obama's Let's Move! effort. PHA is a nonpartisan nonprofit organization that is led by some of the nation's most respected health and childhood obesity experts. PHA brings together public, private and nonprofit leaders to broker meaningful commitments and develop strategies to end childhood obesity. Most important, PHA ensures that commitments made are commitments kept by working with unbiased, third parties to monitor and publicly report on the progress our partners are making. For more information about PHA, please visit http://www.aHealthierAmerica.org.
About Drink UP The collaboration to encourage everyone to drink more water was formed between the Partnership for a Healthier America - which works with the private sector and PHA Honorary Chair First Lady Michelle Obama to make the healthy choice the easy choice for busy parents and families - and stakeholders across the public and private sectors who are dedicated to encouraging people to drink more water more often. You are what you drink- and when you drink water, you drink up. To learn more visit http://www.youarewhatyoudrink.org.
CannedWater4Kids CannedWater4Kids (CW4K) is a 501c3 charity based in Sussex, WI. The organization's mission is to bring clean, safe water to the children of the world who are currently without. CW4K funds it's initiatives with cash donations and sales of their premium spring water product. 95% of all money collected goes to fund and deliver clean water programs. Efforts include sending water to Japan to aid in their post-earthquake water shortage, assisting the University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee's Engineers Without Borders in bringing water purification solutions to the highlands of Guatemala, supporting of a well/water tank project in Zambia, Africa, and the Bio Sand Filters project in Tanzania. A recent water project in Africa, provides a village of over 400,000 people first-time ongoing access to clean, safe water. CW4K is proud to be part of the Partnership for a Healthier America, Drink UP Initiative. Youarewhatyoudrink.org
To learn more, visit cannedwater4kids.org.
Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/2014/07/prweb12050324.htm


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An Oregon man checked in from a blizzard, and his status updates might have saved his life.
Outdoors enthusiast Jeff Kish got stuck in a sudden storm atop Mount Hood, Oregon's highest peak, on Wednesday afternoon. From his iPhone, he updated his Facebook status:
You're gonna hear about it in the news anyway, may as well spill it myself. Got stuck in a storm on the summit of mt. Hood. Stuck on cliffs over 10,000′ in a white out. Called 911 after several hours of trying to self rescue. Search and rescue has been notified. Wish me luck!
Thirty minutes later, he posted a screenshot to Facebook with his GPS coordinates and the message "Ok guys, I have no idea where I am, other than right on the edge of some gnarly cliff. Too far east or west?"
The Oregonian newspaper reported search and rescuers used the coordinate info, along with phone calls to Kish, as they set out to find him. They ended up at the bottom of a cliff, and saw Kish at the top.
Portland Mountain Rescue spokesman Mark Morford told the newspaper "but for him having a cellphone, it's highly improbable that we would have found him."
Kish, who had previously hiked the length of the Pacific Crest Trail, posted a lengthy version of the events Thursday afternoon. He admitted "things got really bad for me up there." He concluded:
"I must admit I was getting pretty scared toward the end of my wait for rescue, but in the end, I still maintain – you can't let fears dictate the way you live your life. The biggest rewards always come with some risk."


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Yes, Grace. Without winter tires, I think I would probably had fallen on this road..
I've have little regret that I don't have off-road tires though. I got winter tires for commuter/city bike. Off-road-winter-tires would work better in deep snow.
There were some warm days when temperature rise above zero. The cars packed the sticky wet snow hard and then, when it froze again, it became all ice..
Here on this place it wasn't that bad, because it was pretty flat, but in somewhere, there were deeper wheel ruts in ice too, it was a bit difficult to ride in there.. Could not take photos while riding, because had to hold handlebar with both hands.. and camera was shaking too because the bumps in ice.
It was only about -2C cold yesterday. And no, or almost no wind. I would have liked some sun, but.. maybe it was better without it.
It just looks cold, because the ice and seemingly drifting snow on road, but that lose snow on road is still(not drifting at that moment).. it have in shapes like that, only because the wind created by passed by cars....
I don't know how slippery it was in there, since the bicycle had spikes and I did not come down from bike. Maybe I would have fall on ground if I stepped on it by foot. :P I suppose it really was slippery but, I would give something like 6 of 10 for it's slipperiness. There's still some clear asphalt visible, and there's no water film on top of the ice, nor is the ice hidden under thin layer of fresh snow... Or maybe there is ice under lose snow somewhere at edge of road? Don't know, although I did ride there at edge too, I suppose the spikes kept me from feeling the slipperiness. :)