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Wells Fargo's brokerage firm has agreed to pay $6.58 million to settle federal civil charges that it failed to adequately inform investors about the risks tied to mortgage securities it sold.
The Securities and Exchange Commission says Wells Fargo Brokerage Services improperly sold the high-risk investments to cities and towns, non-profit institutions and other investors in 2007, when the housing bust was under way.
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A former firm vice president, Shawn McMurtry, also agreed to settle the charges. He's paying a $25,000 civil fine and will be suspended for six months from the securities industry.
San Francisco-based Wells Fargo & Co., the fourth-largest U.S. bank by assets, and McMurtry neither admitted nor denied wrongdoing.
A Wells Fargo spokesman said the brokerage firm was "completely revamped" after Wells Fargo acquired Wachovia Corp. in a merger in December 2008.
"We are pleased to put this matter behind us," spokesman Ancel Martinez said. "Our current policies and procedures are not the subject of this settlement."
The settlement was the SEC's latest enforcement action related to the financial crisis since it began a broad investigation in late 2008 into the actions of Wall Street banks and other financial firms.
In a major SEC case, Goldman Sachs & Co. agreed in July 2010 to pay $550 million to settle charges of misleading buyers of a complex mortgage investment. JPMorgan Chase & Co. resolved similar charges in June 2011 and paid $153.6 million. Citigroup Inc. agreed to pay $285 million to settle similar charges, though that settlement was struck down by a federal judge last November.
An attorney representing McMurtry didn't immediately return a telephone call seeking comment.


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This page can be viewed at http://www.historycommons.org/context.jsp?item=complete_timeline_of_the_2003_invasion_of_iraq_1180
This is a scalable context timeline. It contains events related to the event 1999: US Intelligence Agencies Hampered by Poor Intelligence on Iraqi WMDs; Vulnerable to Curveball's Fabrications. You can narrow or broaden the context of this timeline by adjusting the zoom level. The lower the scale, the more relevant the items on average will be, while the higher the scale, the less relevant the items, on average, will be.
The Iraqi engineering student later known to the US and German intelligence communities as "Curveball" graduates last in his class from engineering school at Baghdad University and is hired to work at the Chemical Engineering and Design Center. (Drogin and Goetz 11/20/2005) Curveball, identified thirteen years later as Rafid Ahmed Alwan (see November 4, 2007), will tell German intelligence officials that he graduated first in his class and went on to oversee a secret Iraqi bioweapons laboratory. His claims are entirely fictional (see June 2003-Late 2003), but will become a linchpin of the US's case for the necessity of invading Iraq (see February 5, 2003).
Reporter Bob Drogin, in his 2007 book Curveball: Spies, Lies and the Con Man Who Caused a War, notes that when the Iraqi defector known as "Curveball" appears in Germany (see November 1999), the US intelligence community knows very little about the state of affairs with Iraq's secret weapons programs. Saddam Hussein had been fascinated with chemical and biological weapons for a long time, and had a history of using chemical weapons both against the Iranians and allegedly against his own citizens. UN inspectors found thousands of chemical munitions after the 1991 Gulf War; in 1996, UN engineers destroyed what many thought could have been a bioweapons factory. The inspectors were thrown out in 1998, and after that, reliable information about Iraq's weapons programs was scanty at best. One top CIA official will tell Drogin that the US was "almost in Chapter 11 in terms of our human intelligence collection." But most US officials believe that Hussein has something going on, they just don't know exactly what. According to the 2007 reflections of Defense Intelligence Agency chief Vice Admiral Thomas Wilson, the "mind-set [is] we're going to see the WMD. I don't know anybody who [doesn't] believe it [is] there." (Roane 10/21/2007)
"Curveball," an Iraqi in his late 20s later identified as Rafid Ahmed Alwan (see November 4, 2007), travels to Germany on a tourist visa and applies for political asylum, telling German immigration officials that he embezzled money from the Iraqi government and fears prison or worse if he returns home. The Germans send him to Zirndorf, a refugee center near Nuremberg, where other Iraqi exiles seeking German visas are being held. There, he changes his story, telling German intelligence (BND) officers that he was a chemical engineer (see 1994) who had been promoted to direct a secret mobile biological weapons plant at Djerf al Nadaf, just outside of Baghdad. The plant masqueraded as a "seed purification plant," he claims. Curveball tells the Germans that in Iraq, he designed laboratory equipment to convert trucks into biological weapons laboratories. He offers the names of six sites where Iraq might be hiding them, three of which, he says, are already in operation. He also says that a farm program to boost crop yields is a front for Hussein's new biological weapons production program. He tells the Germans of a warehouse at the plant that housed trucks; the trucks had been equipped to create and transport biological weapons. His story dovetails with the long-held fears by Western intelligence agencies that Saddam Hussein was cooking up biological and chemical weapons; the Germans stash him away, nickname him "Curveball," and interrogate him every few days for the next eighteen months (see January 2000-September 2001). Curveball refuses to meet with Americans; therefore, only summaries of his debriefings will be sent to Washington. CIA analysts will be mesmerized by Alwan's information. Former senior CIA official Tyler Drumheller recalls in late 2007, "Curveball was the one piece of evidence where they could say, 'Look at this. If they have this capability, where they can transport biological weapons, anthrax, all these horrible weapons, they can attack our troops with them. They can give them to terrorist groups.'" Most arresting is Curveball's story that in 1998 he saw an accidental release of a biological weapon that killed 12 people. His story is almost entirely false. (Drogin and Goetz 11/20/2005; CBS News 11/4/2007) Vincent Cannistraro, former head of the CIA's Counter Terrorism Center, will tell the New Yorker in 2004 that the CIA believes that Aras Habib, the INC intelligence chief later accused of providing US intelligence to Iran, played a part in Curveball's going to Germany. "The CIA is positive of it," he says. (Mayer 6/7/2004)
Bob Drogin, author of the 2007 book Curveball: Spies, Lies and the Con Man Who Caused a War, will write that Curveball gives the Germans detailed diagrams of germ-making equipment, fermenters, mixing vats, controllers, and other items, which appear "plausible," even though they can't be reverse-engineered to "brew anthrax" or "build a bio-lab in a garage." Instead, he will write, Curveball's inconsistent information will be "interpreted, summarized, reformatted and analyzed at every stage," but will never be verified. Drogin will call the entire affair "the dark side of intelligence," and will write that, to the CIA's top officials, the risk of going so far on uncorroborated evidence would take care of itself once US forces found the fabled Iraqi WMDs. Once the weapons were in hand, Drogin will write, they will figure "no one would remember a bogus defector." As a CIA supervisor will later e-mail to a frustrated agency whistleblower, "Let's keep in mind the fact that this war's going to happen regardless of what Curveball said or didn't say, and that the Powers That Be probably aren't terribly interested in whether Curveball knows what he's talking about." (Roane 10/21/2007)
Two German intelligence (BND) case officers debrief Iraqi defector "Curveball" with help from a team of chemists, biologists, and other experts. Curveball claims to have knowledge of a clandestine Iraqi biological weapons program (see November 1999). He speaks to his BND debriefers in Arabic through a translator, and also in broken English and German. Curveball says that he worked for Iraq's Military Industrial Commission after graduating first in his class from engineering school at Baghdad University in 1994. (He actually graduated last—see 1994.) A year later, he says, he was assigned to work for "Dr. Germ," British-trained microbiologist Rihab Rashid Taha, to construct mobile biological weapons labs. But Curveball never says that he actually produced biological weapons or witnessed anyone else doing so and the BND is unable to verify his claims. Curveball's statements are recorded in German, shared with a local Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) team, and sent to the US, where they are translated into English for analysis at the DIA's directorate for human intelligence in Clarendon, Virginia, though CIA agents are not allowed to talk to Curveball themselves. "This was not substantial evidence," one senior German intelligence official later recalls in an interview with the Los Angeles Times. "We made clear we could not verify the things he said." The reports are then sent to the CIA's Weapons Intelligence, Non-Proliferation and Arms Control Center (WINPAC), whose experts analyze the data and share it with artists who use Curveball's accounts to render sketches. The Clarendon office sends a total of 95 reports to WINPAC during this period. US spy satellites are directed to take pictures of sites named by Curveball as biological weapons facilities. According to a later investigation by the Los Angeles Times, "At the CIA, bio-warfare experts viewed [Curveball's] reports as sophisticated and technically feasible. They also matched the analysts' expectations." (Drogin and Goetz 11/20/2005) The Germans also share some of Curveball's allegations with the British. However, according to Robin Butler, head of the British inquiry into prewar intelligence, what the Germans provided was "incomplete." For instance, German intelligence misled them to believe that the alleged mobile weapon labs were capable of producing weapons-grade bio-agents such as anthrax spores, when Curveball's actual statements only suggested they had the capability to produce a liquid slurry that would not be suitable for bombs or warheads. (Drogin and Goetz 11/20/2005)
In 2007, reporter Bob Drogin, author of Curveball: Spies, Lies and the Con Man Who Caused a War, will write extensively of the tensions between the BND and the CIA that lead to the Germans' reluctance to provide the CIA direct access to Curveball, and result in the CIA building a huge case for Iraqi bioweapons on Curveball's unsubstantiated, unverified assertions. The Germans repeatedly state that Curveball speaks no English, and hates Americans; in fact, Curveball speaks better English than he does German, and likes Americans. The fault lies with both agencies, Drogin will write, saying the CIA routinely refuses to allow other agencies to meet with their sources, either. "The CIA won't even let other US intelligence agencies interview a CIA source," Drogin will note. "The fact is the US went to war after relying in part on information from a guy they had never met, so they've tried really hard to blame others." (Holland 10/22/2007)
US and German intelligence experts meet in Munich to discuss the information provided by the Iraqi defector code-named "Curveball" (see November 1999). Using satellite imagery, they examine photos of the Djerf al Nadaf site, where Curveball claimed to have been a senior project director for a secret mobile biological weapons laboratory. The photos match with Curveball's description, except for one detail. According to former CIA official Tyler Drumheller, "If you look at the photos, all the way back to 1998, there was a wall that was built there. Like a cinderblock wall that was built there, that nothing could go through." The wall stood exactly where Curveball claimed the trucks would go into the warehouse. But CIA analysts convinced of Curveball's veracity has an explanation: "There was an idea that it could have been a fake wall," Drumheller recalls. (CBS News 11/4/2007)
The Iraqi defector known as Curveball (see November 4, 2007), who is providing German and US intelligence analysts with fascinating but fallacious stories of his involvement with what he claims is a secret Iraqi mobile biological weapons laboratory (see November 1999), provides the names of real Iraqis with whom he claims to have worked, further convincing the analysts of his veracity. One name he cites is that of nuclear scientist Dr. Basil al-Sa'ati, whom he claims was one of the mobile bioweapons program's senior officials. In late 2007, long after Curveball has been proven to be a complete fabricator, a reporter asks al-Sa'ati, "[Curveball] told German intelligence that you personally were fully involved in the project to use [a laboratory site at] Djerf al Nadaf for mobile biological weapons." Al-Sa'ati's reply: "Big lie." Had anything of that nature gone on there, he will say, he would "definitely" have known about it. "It was… really seed purification" and not a bioweapons facility, al-Sa'ati will say. Al-Sa'ati is equally dismissive with the Germans. If Curveball were involved in something so secret, al-Sa'ati asks the Germans, why did Saddam Hussein let him emigrate in 1999? Curveball had not known of al-Sa'ati's emigration and subsequent availability to Western intelligence agencies, and becomes less cooperative and more reticent. Doubts about Curveball's veracity began to grow among the Germans. (CBS News 11/4/2007)
Secretary of State Colin Powell, preparing for his critically important presentation to the United Nations that will assert the reality of Saddam Hussein's weapons of mass destruction (see February 5, 2003), sends his chief of staff, Larry Wilkerson, to the CIA to prepare for the presentation. CIA Director George Tenet and his experts regale Wilkerson with the information about mobile bioweapons labs provided by the Iraqi defector Curveball (see November 1999). In 2007, Wilkerson will recall, "They presented it in a very dynamic, dramatic, 'we know this is accurate,' way." Curveball's assertion that he is a firsthand witness is very important, Wilkerson will say. "This was a man who had actually been in the belly of the beast. He had been in the lab. He had been there when an accident occurred. He'd seen people killed. And the implication was, strong implication, that they weren't killed because of the accident in the explosion, they were killed because they were contaminated. Yes, the source was very credible. As it was presented by the CIA." Wilkerson later says that both he and Powell accept the claims because they depend on the intelligence community for good information: "And you depend on the director of central intelligence to assimilate all the intelligence community's input and give it to you." Wilkerson feels the section on mobile bioweapons is the strongest part of the presentation, as does Powell. Others at the CIA are not so convinced of Curveball's truthfulness (see September 2002, January 27, 2003, and December 2002). (CBS News 11/4/2007)
CIA Deputy Director John McLaughlin's executive assistant sends a memo to Tyler Drumheller requesting that he look into the whereabouts of Curveball. McLaughlin wants to be certain that Curveball won't pop up after Colin Powell's UN speech (see February 5, 2003) and say something to the press that would contradict the information presented by Powell. "[W]e want to take every precaution against unwelcome surprises that might emerge concerning the intel case; clearly, public statements by this emigre, press accounts of his reporting or credibility, or even direct press access to him would cause a number of potential concerns," the memo states. (Isikoff and Corn 2006, pp. 183) Drumheller is astonished to learn that Powell's presentation will include a claim that Iraq's mobile bioweapons labs can create enough toxins "in a single month to kill thousands upon thousands of people." Drumheller recognizes the claim as originating with the Iraqi defector Curveball (see November 1999). Drumheller meets with McLaughlin, who promises an immediate investigation. What McLaughlin does or does not do is unclear, but Powell never hears about Drumheller's objections. UN weapons inspector David Kay will later note, "[A]ll the fine-grained stuff that might have caused [Powell] not to use it, he wasn't given an opportunity to hear firsthand." (McLaughlin will later deny that Drumheller ever warned him about the Curveball intelligence: "If someone had made these doubts clear to me, I would not have permitted the reporting to be used in Secretary Powell's speech.") (Unger 2007, pp. 281, 283)
The CIA sends one of its best officers to Germany to interrogate the Iraqi defector known as Curveball (see November 1999 and November 4, 2007). Until now, both Curveball and German intelligence officials have resisted allowing the US to interview Curveball for themselves, but evidence that Curveball is not who he says he is has already surfaced (see June 2003-Late 2003). The CIA officer, fluent in German and experienced at questioning reluctant sources, quickly determines that Curveball is a fabricator. Each night, the officer files a report summarizing the day's interrogation session, and then follows up with a phone call to Tyler Drumheller, the head of CIA spying in Europe. "After the first couple of days, he said, 'This doesn't sound good,'" Drumheller later recalls. "After the first week, he said, 'This guy is lying. He's lying about a bunch of stuff.'" (Drogin and Goetz 11/20/2005)
Unable to Explain Discrepancy in Statements - One key item was Curveball's inability to explain the discrepancies between his description of the supposed mobile bioweapons facility at Djerf al Nadaf, in particular why there was a wall blocking what Curveball claimed was a secret entrance to a warehouse where mobile bioweapons trucks entered (see Mid- and Late 2001). Drumheller says in 2007, "[T]he key thing, I think, was the wall. He showed him pictures of the wall." Curveball retorts, according to Drumheller, "'You doctored these pictures.' And [the CIA interrogator] said, 'No, we didn't.'" Curveball would have no way of knowing about the wall because it had been built in 1997, two years after he had left Djerf al Nadaf. Drumheller recalls, "… Curveball said, 'I don't think I'm gonna say anything else.'" (CBS News 11/4/2007) Curveball never admits he's lying. "He never said, 'You got me,'" according to Drumheller. "He just shrugged, and didn't say anything. It was all over. We told our guy, 'You might as well wrap it up and come home.'" (Drogin and Goetz 11/20/2005)
Reporter: Curveball a Liar and Con Artist - In October 2007, reporter Bob Drogin, author of Curveball: Spies, Lies and the Con Man Who Caused a War, calls Curveball "a twitchy, possibly mentally disturbed drunk who was prone to rapid mood-swings and whose story tended to shift according to what he thought investigators wanted to hear." (Holland 10/22/2007)
CBS News reveals the identity of the infamous Iraqi defector, "Curveball," whose information was used by the Bush administration to build its case for Iraqi biological weapons. Curveball's real identity is Rafid Ahmed Alwan, an Iraqi who defected to Germany in November 1999, where he requested asylum at a refugee center near Nuremberg (see November 1999). The evidence Curveball provided was detailed, compelling, and completely false, but instrumental in driving the US towards invading Iraq. Former senior CIA official Tyler Drumheller, who was unable to convince either his superiors in the agency or senior officials in the White House that Curveball was untrustworthy (see September 2002), says of Curveball's contribution to the rhetoric of war, "If they [the Bush administration] had not had Curveball they would have probably found something else. 'Cause there was a great determination to do it. But going to war in Iraq, under the circumstances we did, Curveball was the absolutely essential case." CBS reporter Bob Simon says Curveball is "not only a liar, but also a thief and a poor student instead of the chemical engineering whiz he claimed to be." The CIA eventually acknowledged Alwan as a fraud. The question remains, why did he spin such an elaborate tale? Drumheller thinks it was for the most prosaic of reasons. "It was a guy trying to get his Green Card, essentially, in Germany, playing the system for what it was worth. It just shows sort of the law of unintended consequences." Alwan is believed to be still living in Germany, most likely under an assumed name. (CBS News 11/4/2007)
Journalist Seymour Hersh says that a new CIA assessment concludes, in his words, that "there's no evidence Iran is doing anything that puts them close to a bomb. There's no secret program of significant bomb making." However, the White House is ignoring that assessment and still moving forward with plans to launch a military strike against Iran.
'Stovepiping' - Hersh says that President Bush and Vice President Cheney are "stovepiping" intelligence [funnelling selected intelligence directly to top officials] and keeping information provided by the Israelis hidden from the CIA. According to Hersh, the Israelis have informed White House officials that Israel has a reliable agent inside Iraq, and that agent reports that Iran is working on a trigger for a nuclear device (see November 2005). "[T]he CIA isn't getting a good look at the Israeli intelligence. It's the old word, stovepiping. It's the President and the Vice President, it's pretty much being kept in the White House. Of course the people in the CIA want to know who [the agent] is, obviously," Hersh tells a reporter. "They certainly want to know what other evidence he has of actual making of a warhead. This is the internecine fight that's going on—the same fight, by the way, that we had before Iraq." The CIA has no way of verifying the Israeli intelligence claims, but in light of recent events with unverifiable evidence such as the "Curveball" debacle (see November 1999), that agency is understandably wary of such dramatic claims that contradict their own findings. (CNN 11/19/2007)
Israeli Claims Unverifiable - A former senior intelligence official says of the Israeli's claim: "The problem is that no one can verify it. We don't know who the Israeli source is. The briefing says the Iranians are testing trigger mechanisms," simulating a zero-yield nuclear explosion without any weapons-grade materials, "but there are no diagrams, no significant facts. Where is the test site? How often have they done it? How big is the warhead—a breadbox or a refrigerator? They don't have that." But the report is being used by the White House to "prove the White House's theory that the Iranians are on track. And tests leave no radioactive track, which is why we can't find it." Another problem that evokes the "stovepiping" of pre-war Iraq intelligence is the fact that White House officials have asked the Israelis for the raw intelligence, the original, unanalyzed, and unvetted material. Similar requests were used to draw false conclusions about Iraq's WMD program before the US invasion of that country. A Pentagon consultant says, "Many presidents in the past have done the same thing, but intelligence professionals are always aghast when presidents ask for stuff in the raw. They see it as asking a second grader to read Ulysses." (Hersh 11/27/2006)
Similar to Iraq Intelligence Problems - Former State Department intelligence expert Greg Thielmann noted in October 2003 that before the Iraq war, "garbage was being shoved straight to the President." (Hersh 10/27/2003) Hersh suggests the same effect is happening now. (CNN 11/19/2007)
White House Hostile to CIA Analysis - According to a current senior intelligence official, the White House is actively hostile to the CIA analysis, which is based on satellite imagery and other empirical evidence such as measurement of the radioactivity of water samples and highly classified radiation-detection devices surreptitiously placed near the Iranian nuclear facilities. Empirical data or not, the CIA analysis does not fit the White House's needs, the intelligence official says. In its analysis, the CIA specifically warns that it would be a mistake to conclude that the failure to find a secret nuclear-weapons program in Iran is evidence that the Iranians are hiding it well. According to a former senior intelligence official, at the height of the Cold War, the Soviets were quite effective at deception and misdirection, but the US intelligence community was readily able to discern the details of their nuclear weapons and long-range missile programs. But, the former official says, many in the White House, particularly in Cheney's office, are making just such an assumption: "the lack of evidence means they must have it." (Hersh 11/27/2006)
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text:
Replacing a bad habit with a good habit takes
time and patience. It requires several steps, from setting your goals to
getting support. One of the important steps is figuring out what your barriers
What has stopped you from changing your eating habits in the
past? What do you think might stop you in the future? Identifying these
barriers now—and having a plan to help you get past them—will help you change
bad habits into good habits.
A barrier is anything that causes
you to slip up in your goals to make lifestyle changes, such as changing your
eating habits.
Even when you know about the benefits of healthy
eating, you may find it very hard to change your eating habits until you deal
with the reasons you give yourself for not eating healthy. Barriers to healthy
eating include the valid reasons why you don't make healthy food choices (for
example, food allergies) as well as the excuses you make to avoid doing
something you dislike.
In the area of changing bad habits into good habits,
barriers are:
Barriers are things that keep you from having success in changing your habits. They cause
you to slip up in your goals to make lifestyle changes, such as changing your
eating habits.
Continue to Why?
Figuring out what your barriers are and how you can get past them will
help you reach your healthy eating goals. When you know what things can get in
your way, you can plan what you will do to get around them.
Knowing what you can do when you come up against a barrier is part of the
overall planning you need to do to be successful at changing any habit. Making
lifestyle changes is hard, but you're more likely to have success if
With these things in mind, writing down a
personal action plan(What is a PDF document?) may help you in your effort to make a lifestyle change.
You'll have more success making lifestyle changes if
you think ahead of time about what options you have when you have slipped up or
are about to slip up.
Knowing what might get in your way will help
you be ready when you're tempted to slip up.
Continue to How?
best way to overcome barriers is to identify them ahead of time and have a
backup plan to deal with them. Some barriers are the kind that keep you from
even trying to change a habit. Other barriers pop up later.
you hit a barrier—and most people do—get support. Talk to your family members
and friends to see if someone wants to be active with you or cheer you on. If
you have concerns about your health, talk to your doctor to make sure you're
doing your activities safely.
There are many reasons why you may
not want to try to change your eating habits. Here are some frequent barriers
and some solutions to them.
Not believing you can do something is often really just a
fear of failure. People put off making changes in their lives because of this
fear. This kind of barrier can keep you from even starting to make a lifestyle
change. But it can also crop up on days when you feel discouraged.
This is a very common reason not to change. It can take
the form of "My life is too busy," or "I'm always feeling rushed," or "I have
more important things to do."
Many people use this reason or variations of it such as "I
don't like vegetables," "I don't like low-fat foods," or "I really crave sweets
and high-fat foods. I'll miss them." Often a fear of the unknown is behind
these reasons.
It's true that things like fresh produce, whole-grain
breads, and other healthy food items can cost more than fast foods and junk
foods. Sometimes it seems like your budget would do better if you just ate
cheap fast food every day.
But you can stay within your budget by
putting in some extra time planning, shopping, and cooking. And the more time
you invest, the more money you'll save.
Many people are held back from changing their eating
habits because of how they think it will look to others. It can be hard to
stick with a healthy eating plan when family and friends don't want to join
This reason may take the form of "I'm too old (or fat, or
set in my ways) to make changes." Often, low self-esteem makes it hard to
To help you identify your own barriers to changing your
eating habits, think about the last few times you thought about changing your
eating behavior but didn't follow through with it. What held you back? Write
down your reasons. Then for each of your reasons, write a response that helps
you reconsider your choice. Look at your list of reasons and responses whenever
you are about to make a choice about what to eat.
Most barriers are based on some type of
Most of the time, the excuses we give ourselves
for not changing our habits are because of fears: fear of failure, fear of
change, fear of the unknown, or fear of embarrassment. It takes time, patience,
and commitment to overcome these fears.
Continue to Where?
Now that you have read this
information, you are ready to start making those healthy changes in your eating
If you need more help in changing your eating habits,
Return to topic:
Last Revised:
January 25, 2013
Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:
Kathleen Romito, MD - Family Medicine & Rhonda O'Brien, MS, RD, CDE - Certified Diabetes Educator
This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use. How this information was developed to help you make better health decisions.
To learn more visit Healthwise.org
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text:
Mark Gonzales is asked about Aaron Poreda. Poreda isn't seeing much pitching time. What's up Mark?
A: Well, the future is now. And the Sox see Poreda helping them now than anyone else in that 11th man role. When he's not pitching, he's working on his other pitches under the supervision of Don Cooper and Juan Nieves. This might cost him some innings, but his talents right now are better served at the major league level.
I'd like to see him pitch more, but the starters have done a better job pitching deeper into games.


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text:
New Step by Step Map For iOS Native Application
Equally, web applications will not be as costly as native apps, but depending on your organization plans and needed operation, an internet application won't satisfy consumer anticipations for person knowledge.
Although a hybrid application could have reduce upfront expenses, hybrid applications tend to be more liable to bugs which could wind up costing you extra money. Not to mention shedding discouraged end users to the subpar person knowledge. With hybrid app growth, you have to contend with troubles that stem from both native units and hybrid programs, making pinpointing and fixing bugs harder.
Before you can make this happen, you need to 1st develop a see controller to carry these associations. This can be finished with the following actions:
The developer make-up displays this. The vast majority of application devs listing their skills as possibly Android-only or Android and iOS.
When Xcode plus the iOS SDK are set up, so may be the iOS simulator, which simulates an iOS product right on your equipment.
On the other hand, within the context of cell World-wide-web apps, the term native application is used to mean any application penned to work on a specific product platform.
It's Particularly handy for nailing the exposure in challenging pictures, like backlit subjects, which the apple iphone's camera might wrestle to deal with routinely. Handbook expenditures $3.ninety nine within the Application Shop.
Hybrid applications have entry to internal unit APIs, which means they will use methods such as the camera, storage and GPS. Yelp and Instagram are examples of hybrid apps.
You will discover a few main app forms you can investigate in your cellular application more info check here enhancement project: web vs. native vs. hybrid, but which is better to develop?
In short, deciding on a growth technique shouldn't be identified solely by Price tag. Consumer experience really should be the main issue that can help you select whether to create a web, native or hybrid application.
The Intune SDK are unable to identify if a target application is often a browser. On iOS products, no other managed browser applications are authorized.
These stats from Instagram demonstrate that with the features they made with Respond Native the quantity of code shared among iOS and Android was about 90%!
ITZ Total Solutions is a 100% Mobile and Web Application Development Company, but comes to you with invaluable valued technology. At ITZ Total Solutions, quality is one of the biggest measurements when delivering the solutions for any of our services.


text:
Low Tech Supports for Communication
- Start Date:
- 8/18/11
- End Date:
- None
- Duration:
- 5:30 PM CDT 6:30 PM CDT (Time Zone Sensitive)
- Type:
- Webinars
Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders benefit significantly from the use of visual strategies to augment their current systems of communication. Information that is presented visually is often more salient than auditory information to student with autism. In addition, unlike verbal language, visual strategies remain available and consistent, and can be referred to for as long as the child finds necessary in order to assist in the communication process. Join this webinar to view examples of visual strategies to augment the communication of students with autism.
Registration: Please click here to register.


text:
Kenosha woman loses beloved dog in pit bull attack
A cavalier spaniel was killed in a violent attack by a pair of pit bulls over the weekend.
The dog's 79-year-old owner tried to save her beloved dog, but in the end, was forced to bury her baby.
Lois Mogensen has a hard time talking about her last walk with her dog Tanner on Saturday.
"Poor Tanner was laying on his back. I tried to get on top of Tanner. I was kneeling down trying to pull those dogs off, and I couldn't. They were so strong," Mogensen said.
She was up against two pit bulls just steps from her Kenosha home. She said they broke through her neighbor's fence.
"You could see that boards are broken or something," Mogensen said.
She laid on the ground trying to pry the dogs off, fighting to save Tanner, screaming at the top of her lungs.
"(I said), 'Help, help my baby,'" Mogensen said.
A neighbor rushed to wrestle Tanner away, but it wasn't over.
Mogensen said after they got Tanner and took him up to driveway, the two pit bulls continued tho follow and attack.
Tanner did not survive.
The pit bulls were eventually picked up by animal control.
WISN 12 News tried contacting the pit bulls' owner for comment. No one answered their door.
"It's hard. I think of him all the time," Mogensen said.
Mogensen nurses a bruised thumb and a broken heart.
According to Mogensen's son, the pit bulls will be quarantined at an animal shelter for 10 days.


text:
How much does an Interior Designer IV make in Brookline, MA? The average Interior Designer IV salary in Brookline, MA is $79,268 as of June 28, 2020, but the range typically falls between $64,094 and $101,414. Salary ranges can vary widely depending on many important factors, including education, certifications, additional skills, the number of years you have spent in your profession. With more online, real-time compensation data than any other website, Salary.com helps you determine your exact pay target.
Interior Designer IV develops plans and designs for the interior of residential, commercial, or industrial buildings based on the needs of the client. Creates functional and aesthetic designs that help boost productivity, increase sales, attract customers, or enhance a living space. Being an Interior Designer IV is responsible for planning the use and layout of the space and decorating with color, furniture, fixtures, etc. Develops drawings, presentations, and cost estimates and coordinates the work of contractors. Requires a bachelor's degree. Additionally, Interior Designer IV typically reports to a manager or head of unit/department. The Interior Designer IV work is highly independent. May assume a team lead role for the work group. A specialist on complex technical and business matters. To be an Interior Designer IV typically requires 7+ years of related experience. (Copyright 2020 Salary.com)... View full job description
See user submitted job responsibilities for Interior Designer IV.
Salary.com's CompAnalyst platform offers:
|City, State
|Compared to national average
|City, State San Francisco, CA
Compared to national average
+ 25.3%
|City, State Washington, DC
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+ 10.7%
|City, State Miami, FL
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|City, State Chicago, IL
Compared to national average
+ 6.0%
|City, State Boston, MA
Compared to national average
+ 12.9%
|City, State New York, NY
Compared to national average
+ 21.0%
|City, State Dallas, TX
Compared to national average
|Job Title
|Salary Compared to This Job
|Job Title Designer I
|Experience 0 - 2
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- 19.5%
|Job Title Designer III
|Experience 4 - 7
Salary Compared to This Job
+ 16.3%
|Job Title Fashion Designer IV
|Experience 8 +
Salary Compared to This Job
+ 83.5%
|Job Title Interior Designer I
|Experience 0 - 2
Salary Compared to This Job
- 33.3%
|Job Title Interior Designer II
|Experience 2 - 4
Salary Compared to This Job
- 21.8%
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About Brookline, Massachusetts According to the United States Census Bureau, Brookline has a total area of 6.8 sq mi (17.7 km2), all but 0.039 sq mi (0.1 km2) (0.44%) of which is la....More
Brookline, Massachusetts area prices were up 2.5% from a year ago View the Cost of Living in Brookline, Massachusetts
Interior Designer IV Salary in popular cities: Boston, Worcester, Springfield
Skills associated with Interior Designer IV: Budget Administration, Layout Design, Interior Design, Material Requirements Planning ...More
Salary estimation for Interior Designer IV at companies like : PayPal Holdings, Inc., RE/MAX Holdings, Inc., Square, Inc.
Jobs with a similar salary range to Interior Designer IV : Occupational Health, RN


text:
Former Green Bay Packers All-Pro safety LeRoy Butler tweeted his congratulations to NBA player Jason Collins for publicly revealing that he is gay. And now: A Wisconsin church has cancelled Butler's paid speaking appearance.
Butler was scheduled to give an "anti-bullying presentation" and notes the irony to the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel.
Butler was told by church officials that they would cancel the presentation unless he removed the tweet, apologized and asked God's forgiveness. "This is what bothers me the most. They said, 'If you ask for forgiveness and remove the tweet and you say something to the effect that you don't congratulate (Collins) then we'll let you do the engagement and get the speaker's fee, and I said I'm not doing that," Butler said Wednesday.
"This is a man's personal story. I've always been on the record saying if there was a gay person in the Packer locker room, I would have played with them. All I care about is if you can run and jump, and can you win Super Bowls," Butler said.
Butler says the speaking fee was $8500 and that local sponsors "usually help the church raise money to cover his fee."
LeRoy Butler played his entire 11-season NFL career with the Green Bay Packers from 1990–2001. He was four times All-Pro, four times Pro Bowl and was a key player on the Packers' Super Bowl XXXI championship.
"Delete the tweet, ask for forgiveness, condemn the gay ball player .. and we give you the money!" Something tells me that is not very WWJD.


text:
Harris County Commissioners Court unanimously approved a proposal to build a downtown stadium for the Dynamo and Texas Southern University football at their meeting Tuesday morning. The stadium would be located on the east side of downtown, across U.S. Highway 59 from Minute Maid Park and the George R. Brown Convention Center.
"This is a very important day," said Dynamo President/General Manager Oliver Luck. "This process has been going on for a number of months, and there is now a framework to go forward. This is a great day for folks in the East End, for folks who care about future development in the city, for soccer fans, and for Dynamo fans."
Last week, the Houston City Council unanimously approved the proposal, moving the vote to the County Commissioners Court. The next step for the Dynamo is to sign a lease agreement with the Harris County-Houston Sports Authority, which runs Minute Maid Park, Reliant Stadium, and the Toyota Center.
"We should do that relatively quickly," Luck said. "The parameters of that arrangement are already in place. We hope to have a shovel in the ground sometime this fall, and our goal is to open up the 2012 Dynamo season in the new stadium."
Local homeowners and community leaders appeared before the court on Tuesday to voice their opinions on the new stadium project. Many of the concerns stem from possible negative consequences the construction process will have on the property value of East End home owners. David Turkel, Director of the Community Services Department of Harris County, said that will not happen.
"There are things that can be done during the development phase," he said. "With the county's support, we can take into consideration the preservation of the existing neighborhoods."
The entire process is estimated to cost $95 million, with the Dynamo taking on the $60 million of stadium construction, and tax increment reinvestment zones from the city and county paying $20 million in infrastructure improvements. The City of Houston had already purchased the land for $15 million and earmarked it for the stadium project.


text:
Kreuz und Quer in der Szene
"Kreuz & Quer in der Szene", also referred to as the "Szenebibel", is an evangelistical pamphlet compiled by Kornelius Novak. It has been translated into several languages including Czech, Romanian, Norwegian and Russian. The Szenebibel is sold to Christians and Christian organisations as propaganda material. It has been specifically designed as giveaway to proselytize among all different kinds of people like bikers, prison inmates, drug addicts, prostitutes and others, basically the easiest prey for rampant religious predators. Well, except for them bikers. They're pretty badass.
First edition[edit]
The first edition was published in 2007 by the Lichtzeichen Verlag GmbH in Lange, Germany. It contained 20 testimonies of people who converted to Christianity in times of severe hardship along with 14 articles by Kornelius Novak propagating his personal flavour of theology. All testimonies were commented on by the author. It also contained the Gospel of John, the translation used was the Schlachter 2000-version (don't read it online here) which is easy to read and understand.
Graphics and layout were done by an amateur and dilettante (I can tell, cos it was me. I apologize. Not for doing it badly, but for doing it at all!). Many images contained in the Szenebibel were downloaded from the internet and used regardless of and ignoring possible copyright issues and the rights of the owners. None of them were ever asked for permission to use their work.
ISBN 978-936850-57-4, Lichtzeichen Verlag GmbH
Second edition[edit]
The second edition published in 2010 is somewhat thinner. The Gospel-part has been removed to make production cheaper. As of June 2011 the Szenebibel costs 4.80 Euros, 2 Euros cheaper than the first edition. Some testimonies were removed, new ones were added, some articles were changed. Graphics and layout were still done sloppily and the style still is the same. It still contains many images stolen from the web ignoring the rights of the owners.
ISBN 978-3-86954-018-4, Lichtzeichen Verlag GmbH
The book has been translated into several other languages including Czech (ISBN: 978-3-936-85030-7, Lichtzeichen Verlag GmbH), Romanian (ISBN: 978-3-936-85038-3, Lichtzeichen Verlag GmbH), Norwegian (ISBN: 978-82-7007-357-3, Norsk Bokforlag AS) and Russian (ISBN: 978-3-869-54002-3, Lichtzeichen Verlag GmbH). The original text has been sent to translators, the returning translation was forcefully crammed into the original layout with neither the author nor the graphics dude knowing the languages (except Norwegian which the author speaks). They, too, contain a lot of un-copyrighted material. Only the Russian version has been designed by a professional (cos I was sick and tired of doing hard work for free). I guess he's a pro, he works for the publisher. I don't have a copy myself to see if he did it any better.
Non-comprehensive list of similar projects by other organisations[edit]
- Biker-Bibel
- Kicker-Bibel
- Sportler-Bibel
- Polizei-Bibel
(Damn, i threw them all away... I could do articles on them if I still had them. Well, shit happens...)
Internet resources[edit]
As of June 2011 the first edition w/o the Gospel-part is available online here:
If someone removes or changes the website, you can still find it here:
The website has been done by a dilettante, too. He still uses frames which you won't see using this link. He didn't even copypasta a script to load the frames. I do apologize for not doing my work properly. No, I'd rather apologize for doing it in the first place. Sorry! Countless people have been trapped by religion after reading it.
I'm not going to link to the Lichtzeichen Verlag GmbH or Norsk Bokforlag AS websites. I don't want to increase their site's value. Google it. It's vile propaganda anyway.


text:
Cuero Butterfly Chair Wild White Sheepskin
Product Details
Additional information
|Delivery Time
3 – 5 days delivery (not free of charge) or can be picked up from our showroom within a few days from order
|Delivery Cost
Delivery for this item is not free of charge, please choose the correct delivery charge at checkout
Icelandic Genuine Natural Sheepskin, Vegetable Tanned, 12mm Swedish Solid Steel
92cm High x 87cm Wide x 86cm Deep
Cuero Butterfly Chair Wild White Sheepskin
Only 1 Available
Only 1 available at this price. The chair has been on display for about a year but is in great condition. Seat is in sheepskin, long white (almost cream) hair.
Ex display items are non-returnable and a delivery charge applies to them. Please choose the correct delivery charge at checkout.
Buy with confidence
Our prices are the most competitive around, and we regularly check them to keep it that way. That's why we promise that should you find any of our products at a lower price anywhere else, we'll match that price . So rest assured you can buy from us with confidence.
More information can be found in our T&Cs.
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All mainland UK purchases of a total value of £50 or more can enjoy free shipping (except large, fragile or ex-display items).
All orders that total less than £50 will be charged £5.
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International shipping isn't calculated through the website so please contact us for a quote on 0044 161 228 6880 or firstname.lastname@example.com – we will require your full delivery address and a list of products you're interested in.


text:
Suborder: Haplorrhini
Infraorder: Tarsiiformes
Family: Tarsiidae
Genus: Tarsius
Species: T. bancanus, T. dentatus, T. lariang, T. pelengensis, T. pumilus, T. sangirensis, T. syrichta, T. tarsier, T. tumpura, T. wallacei
Subspecies: T. b. bancanus, T. b. borneanus, T. b. saltator
Other names: T. bancanus: Horsfield's tarsier, western tarsier;
tarsier de Bornéo (French); västligt spökdjur (Swedish); T. b.
borneanus: Bornean tarsier; T. b. saltator: Belitung Island tarsier; T.
dentatus: T. dianae, Dian's tarsier, Diana tarsier; T. lariang: Lariang
tarsier; T. pelengensis: Peleng tarsier, Peleng Island tarsier; T.
pumilus: Lesser spectral tarsier, pygmy tarsier, mountain tarsier; tarsero
piemeno (Spanish); dvärgspökdjur (Swedish); T. sangirensis: Sagihe
Island tarsier, Sangihe tarsier; T. syrichta: Philippine tarsier,
Phillipine tarsier; tarsier des Philippines (French); filippinskt spökdjur
(Swedish); T. tarsier: T. spectrum, Eastern tarsier, spectral tarsier,
Sulawesi tarsier; tarsier des Célèbes (French); östligt
spökdjur (Swedish); T. tumpara: Siau Island tarsier.
The taxonomy of the tarsiers is debated and some authors include more forms
that are not included here (see Brandon-Jones et al. 2004). Groves (2005)
recognizes 7 species of tarsier, with only T. bancanus separated at the
subspecific level. Here, the taxonomy of Groves is followed, and includes the
recently described T. lariang as a full species as per Merker &
Groves (2006). Very little is known about some of the tarsier species,
especially T. pumilus, which had been known from only three museum
specimens until the recent rediscovery of a wild population (Musser & Dagosto
1987; Shekelle 2003; Gursky-Doyen & Grow 2009; in review). Further, there is
some debate as to the proper Latin name of the spectral tarsier (see Gursky
2007a). Much of the literature on spectral tarsiers refers to the species as T.
spectrum, and many researchers continue to do so (e.g. Gursky 2007a), but here
T. tarsier is used as per Groves (2005). The tarsier population on Siau Island,
Indonesia, which has been recognized as specifically distinct, has been recently
named T. tumpara (Mittermeier et al. 2007; Shekelle et al. 2008). In 2010, Merker et al. described
a new species of tarsier located in central Sulawesi, T. wallacei (Merker et al. 2010).
In general, tarsiers are among the smallest of the prosimians, and are
relatively hard to distinguish from one another purely on differences in pelage
(Musser & Dagosto 1987; Ankel-Simons 2007). At the basic level, most of the
pelage is grey with some, or some combination of, red, brown, yellow, orange, or
buff (Niemitz 1979; 1984). The ends of the hairs can be dark red, brownish, or
black with a grey base (Niemitz 1979; 1984). Further, there is often
significant inter- and intra-specific overlap as well as variation in pelage by
population and geographic location such that coloration is not a reliable
indicator to distinguish all species from one another (Niemitz 1979; 1984).
However, there are some distinct differences between the species in coloration.
T. tarsier for example, has white spots behind its ears and a scaly
underside of the tail, traits which the other species do not possess (Musser
& Dagosto 1987; Groves 1998). Further, T. bancanus and T.
syrichta have more yellow and a more pale coloration than T.
tarsier (Musser & Dagosto 1987).
Among the species, the amount of tail hair is variable, decreasing from the
hairiest tails found on the Sulawesi tarsiers (T. tarsier, T.
pumilus, and T. dianae) to the intermediate T. bancanus,
to the least hairy tail possessed by T. syrichta which is usually
considered naked (Musser & Dagosto 1987; Gursky 2007a). Other means by
which the species are, in varying degrees, determined from one another include
eye size, dentition, and limb proportions (Gursky 2007a). T. pumilus
is easily distinguished by its diminutive body size relative to the other
species of tarsier whose body sizes often overlap with one another (Musser &
Dagosto 1987; Maryanto & Yani 2004).
Head and body lengths of adults average 12.9-13.2 cm (5.1-5.2 in) (T.
bancanus), 11.4-12.5 cm (4.5-4.9 in) (T. bancanus saltator), 11.8
cm (4.6 in) (T. dentatus), 9.7 cm (3.8 in) (T. pumilus),
12.4-12.8 cm (4.9-5.0 in) (T. tarsier) and 11.7-12.7 cm (4.6-5.0 in)
(T. syrichta) (Niemitz 1984e; Musser & Dagosto 1987; Niemitz et al.
1991; Yustian 2007). However, in one wild study, average head and body lengths
for spectral tarsiers (T. tarsier) were significantly higher at 24.3 cm
(9.6 in) (male) and 23.0 cm (9.1 in) (female) (Gursky 2007a). The tail is
roughly twice the head and body length (Shekelle 2003). Several species of
tarsiers are sexually dimorphic, with males larger in body size than females
(Neri-Arboleda et al. 2002; Gursky 2007a). Recorded adult body weight ranges
including non-pregnant females are 104-135 g (3.7-4.8 oz) (M) and 95-110 g
(3.4-3.9 oz) (F) (T. dentatus), 150 g (5.3 oz) (M) and 143 g (5.0 oz)
(F) (T. sangirensis), 119-153 g (4.2-5.4 oz) (M) and 110-132 g (3.9-4.7
oz) (F) (T. syrichta), 67-112 g (2.4-4.0 oz) (M) and 72-109 g (2.5-3.8
oz) (F) (T. lariang), 110-138.5 g (3.9-4.9 oz) (M) and 100-119 g
(3.9-4.2 oz) (F) (T. bancanus borneanus), 121.4-123.0 g (4.28-4.33 oz)
(M) and 101.2-108.5 g (3.6-3.8 oz) (F) (T. bancanus saltator), 104-132
g (3.7-4.7 oz) (M) and 94-119 g (3.3-4.2 oz) (F) (T. tarsier), and
48.1-50.1 g (1.7-1.8 oz) (M) and 52.0-57.5 g (1.8-2.0 oz) (F) (T.
pumilus) (Rickart et al. 1993; data compiled by
Shekelle 2003; Maryanto & Yani 2004; Merker & Groves 2006; Yustian
2007; Grow and Gursky in press).
Unique spinal morphology makes tarsiers capable of turning their heads nearly
180° in each direction, allowing them the ability to rotate their heads
almost 360° (Ankel-Simons & Simons 2003; Ankel-Simons 2007). All
tarsiers have claws on the second and third digits, two grooming claws on their
feet, and pads on each of their fingers (Ankel-Simons 2007). Several bones of
the heel (tarsals) are longer than those of any of the primates, and the genus
name Tarsius partially describes this trait (Ankel-Simons 2007). Further, the
amount of fur on the heel can be used to distinguish some tarsiers from one
another. For example, while the heels of most tarsiers are fully furred, T.
syrichta heels have very little, sparse, fine hair only, giving the
appearance of being hairless in contrast to the rest of the body (Musser &
Dagosto 1987: Ankel-Simons 2007). The nose is dry (Ankel-Simons 2007).
Tarsiers move through their environment predominantly, but not exclusively,
through leaping (MacKinnon & MacKinnon 1980; Niemitz 1985; Crompton &
Andau 1986; Dagosto et al. 2001; Gursky 2007a). The tarsier body is well
adapted for leaping. In addition to the unique heel morphology, the legs and
their muscles comprise around a quarter of the weight of the entire body
(Niemitz 1985). Due to their morphology, tarsiers are capable of leaping quite
far, with T. bancanus able to leap over 5 m (16.4 feet) (Niemitz 1983).
Other forms of locomotion include bipedal and quadrupedal climbing, quadrupedal
walking, clambering and hopping (MacKinnon & MacKinnon 1980; Niemitz 1984c;
Crompton & Andau 1986; Dagosto et al. 2001). The proportions of different
locomotor activity differ with species however, and in some cases sets species
apart from one another (Dagosto et al. 2001). Furthermore, locomotion in the
wild is extremely quiet (MacKinnon & MacKinnon 1980).
The oldest living captive tarsier was over 16 years old when it died (Weigl
Tarsiers are restricted to the Southeast Asian island nations of Brunei,
Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines (Shekelle et al. 1997; Brandon-Jones et
al. 2004). On morphological grounds, the tarsiers are often divided into two
geographic groups; a Philippine-Western group and an Eastern group
(Brandon-Jones et al. 2004). T. syrichta is restricted to the
Philippines; found on the southern islands of Bohol, Dinagat, Leyte, Mindanao,
Samar, and Siargao (Gursky 1999). The range of T. bancanus stretches
between and includes southern Sumatra and Borneo, including the islands of
Bangka, Belitung and Karimata (midway between Sumatra and Borneo), as well as
Serasan (just off the northwest coast of Borneo) (Gursky 1999).
Subspecifically, T. b. bancanus is found on Sumatra, from the Musi
River to the Sunda Strait. T. b. borneanus is found throughout the
island of Borneo. T. b. saltator is found on Belitung Island
(Brandon-Jones 2004). East of Borneo, several species of tarsier call the
island of Sulawesi home, including T. dentatus, T. lariang,
T. pumilus, and T. tarsier (Gursky 1999; Merker & Groves
2006). T. pumilus is restricted to the central Sulawesian montane
mossy cloud forests (Simons 1987; Shekelle et al. 1997; Maryanto & Yani
The distribution of T. lariang, while only tentatively established, is
suspected to encompass west-central Sulawesi (Merker & Groves 2006). T.
dentatus is found in central Sulawesi (Niemitz et al. 1991; Shekelle et al.
1997; Gursky 1999). T. sangirensis is restricted to the Greater Sangihe
Island, north of Sulawesi (Shekelle et al. 1997; Groves 1998). T. tumpara is
found only on Siau Island, part of the Sangihe Island chain (Shekelle et al.
2008). The spectral tarsier (T. tarsier) is reported from Sulawesi and some surrounding
islands (Niemitz 1984e; Musser & Dagosto 1987). However, as more tarsier
diversity is recognized on Sulawesi, the range of T. tarsier continues
to shrink, and the species may only be found in northern Sulawesi (Gursky 1998).
T. pelengensis is found on Peleng Island off of the east coast of
Sulawesi (Shekelle et al. 1997).
Population totals in the wild are unknown, however population density surveys
have revealed tarsiers live in medium to low densities. The Siau Island tarsier
is listed as one of the World's 25 Most Endangered Primates, and at most,
likely numbers only one thousand or a few thousand individuals (Mittermeier et
al. 2007; Shekelle et al. 2008). On mainland Sulawesi, a population density
survey of spectral tarsiers sampled 156 individuals per square kilometer (Gursky
1998). T. dianae population density can reach 268 individuals per square
kilometer in less disturbed habitat, but drops to 45 in habitats heavily
disturbed by human activity (Merker et al. 2005). In the Philippines, T.
syrichta lives at 57 individuals per square kilometer in fragmented forest
(Neri-Arboleda et al. 2002). Based on low trapping success rates, T. pumilus is
thought to live at an extremely low density (Gursky-Doyen & Grown 2009).
Tarsiers are found in a broad variety of habitats, including primary and
secondary habitats, as well as certain habitats under human cultivation or use
(MacKinnon & MacKinnon 1980; Crompton & Andau 1986; Yustian et al.
2008). Habitats in which tarsiers have been found include primary, secondary,
mossy, microphyll, montane, bush, gallery, deciduous rain, and mangrove forests;
thorn scrub, shrubland, swamps, riverine, palm, and bamboo habitats, seashore
scrub, and even urban gardens, villages and grassland (MacKinnon & MacKinnon
1980; Crompton & Andau 1986; Leksono et al. 1997; Neri-Arboleda et al. 2002;
Riley 2002; Maryanto & Yani 2004; Gursky 2007a). However, grassland is
usually used only to travel between other suitable habitats (Neri-Arboleda et
al. 2002). Secondary habitats in which tarsiers can be found include those
which have been selectively and intensively logged; those containing coffee,
nutmeg, coconut or coca plantations; areas being cut for bamboo and rattan
extraction, and forests in which intensive or small-scale agricultural
activities are taking place (Riley 2002; Merker 2006; Yustian et al. 2008). If
found in secondary, degraded, or habitats under human use, tarsiers require at
least the presence of some suitable dense shrubs, forest remnants or bamboo
stands to provide the proper sleeping sites (Leksono et al. 1997; Merker &
Yustian 2008). In addition, population densities are lower in more disturbed
habitats (Merker 2003). Tarsiers can range from sea level to as high as 1500 m
(4921.3 ft), with the exception of T. pumilus, which can be found as
high as 2200 m (7217.8 ft) (MacKinnon & MacKinnon 1980; Shekelle 2003;
Maryanto & Yani 2004).
At one long term study site near the Lore-Lindu National Park on Sulawesi, an
average of 270 cm (106.3 in) of rain falls annually. The temperature varies
little over the course of the year, but temperatures average highs of 32.9°C
(91.2°F) during the day and lows of 19.5°C (67.1°F) at night (Merker
2003 cited in Merker 2006). In northern Borneo at the Sepilok Forest Reserve,
there are two seasonal monsoons (December-January and July) during which much of
the annual 314.7 cm (123.9 in) of rain falls. At this site the temperature
averages 26.7°C (80°F) (Crompton & Andau 1987).
Tarsiers eat only prey and are the only entirely carnivorous primates,
consuming no plant matter whatsoever (Fogden 1974; Niemitz 1984d; Jablonski
& Crompton 1994; Gursky 2007b). However, there are differences among the
tarsiers in the types of animal matter that are consumed as well as seasonal
changes in consumption. For example, T. bancanus eat arthropods
mostly, including beetles, cockroaches, grasshoppers, butterflies, phasmids and
cicadas. This species will also eat small birds, and other prey such as bats,
frogs, freshwater crabs and snakes (Niemitz 1973; 1979; Jablonski & Crompton
1994). Contrary to this, T. tarsier has not been seen to eat birds,
snakes, or other prey, but is the most insectivorous of the primates, eating
exclusively arthropods, including spiders, beetles, termites, cicadas, ants,
moths, caterpillars, katydids, crickets, grasshoppers, cockroaches and
walkingsticks (MacKinnon & MacKinnon 1980; Gursky 2000b; 2007). T.
syrichta consumes similar foods, including orthopterans, lepidopterans,
beetles, ants, and termites (Dagosto et al. 2003). Further, there are seasonal
shifts in the types of prey consumed as well as in the locations of the
procurement of prey between the dry and wet seasons in T. tarsier
(Gursky 2000b). The diets of T. syrichta and T. pumilus are
unknown (Gursky 2007b).
T. tarsier procures its prey directly from the air (34.8%), the
ground (7.8%), from leaves (46.3%) and from branches (11.1%) (Gursky 2000b). In
captivity, T. bancanus used three main methods of capturing prey with
an overall 88% success rate; reaching out and grabbing prey without moving,
leaping onto prey, or leaping several times towards and then onto potential prey
(Roberts & Kohn 1993).
Estimated home range averages are 0.006-0.065 km² (0.002-0.03 mi²) (T.
syrichta), 0.023-0.031 km² (0.009-0.01 mi²) (T. tarsier),
0.005-0.018 km² (0.002-0.005 mi²) (T. dentatus), 0.045-0.1125 km²
(0.02-.04 mi²) (T. bancanus), 0.023-0.103 km² (0.009-0.04 mi²) (T.
bancanus saltator) (Crompton & Andau 1986; 1987 Tremble et al. 1993;
Dagosto et al. 2001; Neri-Arboleda et al. 2002; Dagosto et al. 2003; Merker
2006; Gursky 2007a; Yustian 2007). Mean nightly path distances for T.
tarsier average 476.0 m (1561.7 ft) for females and 782.9 m (2568.6 ft) for
males (Gursky 2007a). T. bancanus travels an average of 1800 m (5905.5
ft) nightly and T. bancanus saltator travels between 768 and 1061 m
(2519.7 and 3481.0 ft) per night on average (Crompton & Andau 1986;
Neri-Arboleda et al. 2002; Yustian 2007). T. syrichta travels an
average of 1119 m (3671.3 ft) (F) and 1636 m (5367.5 ft) (M) per night
(Neri-Arboleda et al. 2002). Home ranges increase in size with degree of human
disturbance and degradation (Merker 2006). In T. syrichta and T.
bancanus, home ranges overlap with individuals of the opposite sex, but
only to a small degree with individuals of the same sex (Fogden 1974;
Neri-Arboleda et al. 2002).
Tarsiers are nocturnal. T. bancanus usually awakes before sunset
and does not retire for the night until after sunrise (Niemitz 1984a). There
are peaks in leaping and movement in T. bancanus early and late in the
night, a pattern also followed by T. dentatus (Crompton & Andau
1987; Merker 2006). As the hour of night progresses, the height of activities
decreases (Crompton & Andau 1987). Spectral tarsiers (T. tarsier)
spend their time foraging (55%), followed by traveling (23%), resting (16%) and
in social activities (6%) (Gursky 2005a; 2007a). Spectral tarsiers (T.
tarsier) alter their activity patterns between the wet and dry seasons. In
the dry season, when resources are less available, travel distance and home
range are expanded, resulting in increased numbers of intergroup encounters. In
addition, time spent in social activities is shortened in the dry season, and a
dietary shift is seen to smaller insect prey, as well as ground-dwelling
varieties (Gursky 2000b). Further, spectral tarsiers (T. tarsier) are
more active during full moons (Gursky 2003a).
Tarsiers are most often found less than one or two meters (3.3 or 6.6 feet)
above the ground (Crompton & Andau 1986; Tremble et al. 1993; Dagosto &
Gebo 1996/1997).
Potential predators of tarsiers include civets, arboreal snakes, monitor
lizards, and raptors including owls (Gursky 1997; Jachowski & Pizzaras 2005;
Gursky 2002c). Feral cats are also predators of tarsiers (MacKinnon &
MacKinnon 1980; Jachowski & Pizzaras 2005). Among wild spectral tarsiers
(T. tarsier), if a snake threat is identified, all members of a group
will travel towards the predator and will mob it, lunging, vocalizing, and even
biting the threat (Gursky 2002b; 2002c). Interestingly, while spectral tarsier
groups do not contain more than one adult male, during the mobbing of a
predator, often more than one adult male is present, indicating the presence of
males from more than one group (Gursky 2002c; 2005b; 2006).
Sleeping sites of T. syrichta are typically dense tangles of
vegetation near large trees and close to the ground and each tarsier normally
uses several (3-4), each located near the edges of its range (Dagosto et al.
2003). In a semi-wild environment, sleeping sites in the species are usually
around 2 m (6.6 ft) off the ground (Jachowski & Pizzaras 2005).
Contrastingly, both T. dentatus and T. tarsier usually use
only one sleeping site and rarely two or three, but they are also located near
the edges of the home range (Merker 2006; Gursky 2007). T. dentatus
prefers dense vegetation or tree cavities for sleeping (Tremble et al. 1993).
T. bancanus sleeps in vegetation tangles between 3.5 to 5 m (11.5 to
16.4 ft) off the ground (Crompton & Andau 1986). T. sangirensis
sleeps on exposed bamboo, the tops of palm leaves, or at the tops of trees,
unlike all other species of tarsier (Shekelle et al. 1997). While not active
during the day, if disturbed or threatened, tarsiers will leave their sleeping
sites (Yustian 2007).
Content last modified: December 1, 2010
Written by Kurt Gron. Reviewed by Nanda Grow.
Cite this page as:Gron KJ. 2010 December 1. Primate Factsheets: Tarsier (Tarsius) Taxonomy, Morphology, & Ecology . <http://pin.primate.wisc.edu/factsheets/entry/tarsier/taxon>. Accessed 2020 July 6.
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text:
LONDON/MOSCOW (Reuters) - BP (BP.L) moved towards closer ties with Russia's Rosneft (ROSN.MM) as its existing partners in the oil-rich country dropped opposition to an alliance with the state oil major in exchange for what sources said was a $325 million payoff.
BP and AAR, the holding company of a group of Soviet-born businessmen and co-owner of the TNK-BP TNBP.MM venture being sold to Rosneft, said they had agreed to end the legal battles that had blighted their decade-old partnership.
Both sides last month decided that divorce was the best option, agreeing separately to sell their TNK-BP stakes to Rosneft in a $55 billion takeover.
The deals, which point to increasing state control of Russia's energy assets under President Vladimir Putin, will make Rosneft the dominant producer in the world's No.2 oil exporter and give BP a 19.75 percent Rosneft stake.
The British company will now be free to revive efforts to forge an offshore partnership with the Russian national oil champion after a failed attempt last year landed in the courts.
"Today's agreement allows both AAR and BP to move forward and focus on the future," said David Peattie, head of BP Russia.
"BP will be able to concentrate on the sale of our interest in TNK-BP to Rosneft and on working more closely with them as we develop the next stage of BP's long involvement in Russia."
AAR, which represents tycoons Mikhail Fridman, German Khan, Viktor Vekselberg and Len Blavatnik, had won an injunction blocking the deal, which was abandoned after an arbitration panel found it violated TNK-BP's shareholder agreement.
The tycoons then launched a second round of arbitration to determine whether BP had made itself liable to damages through its agreement in January last year to exchange equity stakes and explore for oil with Rosneft under Russia's Arctic waters.
Sources familiar with the matter said that the two sides agreed to settle all their disputes, including arbitration, before a final ruling by a London-based tribunal. The settlement included a $325 million payment by BP to AAR, the sources said.
That is significantly less than the $5 billion to $10 billion that TNK-BP might have sought in damages had arbitration found in favor of AAR, according to comments in May by sources close to the shareholder group.
AAR Chief Executive Stan Polovets nonetheless declared himself satisfied with the settlement, describing it in a statement as a "win-win" for both sides.
"The settlement enables BP and AAR to focus on issues that are most important at this stage - closing our respective transactions with Rosneft and ensuring that TNK-BP continues to operate at world-class levels during the transition period that lies ahead," Polovets said.
Both sides declined on-the-record comment on the terms of the settlement.
Until the settlement, BP had been unable to discuss any other kinds of co-operation because of the legal wrangle in London.
Now it will be able to discuss the secondment of BP engineers, exploration projects and other co-operation deals with its new partner, including the potential revival of plans for joint exploration in the Russian Arctic.
"BP is not taking an equity position in Rosneft as a portfolio investor - they are looking at a future relationship through which they can grow production and reserves in Russia," said Chris Weafer, chief strategist at Sberbank CIB.
"From Rosneft's perspective, they see the opportunity down the road of expanding globally together with BP."
Since the collapse of last year's deal, Rosneft has signed an offshore exploration deal with U.S. oil company ExxonMobil (XOM.N), covering the three blocks in the Arctic's Kara Sea that had been earmarked for BP.
Rosneft, headed by powerful Putin ally Igor Sechin, has also partnered Italy's Eni (ENI.MI) and Norway's Statoil STL.OL to search for oil on Russia's continental shelf.
Editing by David Holmes and David Goodman


text:
Don't bother to post anything that would get you banned as a member because it simply won't be approved. Don't bother to slag off the Mods or Admin, or their decisions because you haven't earned that right. If your posts are disapproved then don't bother to whinge about it because it won't hit the board. Putting 'I bet you won't approve this post' or words to that effect basically guarantees disapproval so don't waste your time.
The level of retardation of some of the guest posting lately has reached an all time low so I guess the stupid ones need a little clarification.


text:
We've seen heaps and heaps of Marc Webb's new Amazing Spider-Man 2, but we haven't seen a lot of Paul Giamatti... until now.
We've got two behind-the-scenes featurettes about Amazing Spider-Man 2, featuring lots of angry Rhino footage and (what appears to be) a fairly practical stunt. Fingers crossed for this one, people.
The Amazing Spider-Man 2 will hit theaters on May 2nd.


text:
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Affiliate Program News
Affiliate Republik News – Week 19
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Affiliate Program News
PartnerMatrix powers TotoGaming Affiliate Program
EveryMatrix is delighted to support the launch of TotoGaming Affiliate Program through its PartnerMatrix Affiliate Management solution directly integrated with TotoGaming's current platform as a 3rd party.
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To offer the services required by operators, the EveryMatrix products work together as an entire platform or independently and can be easily integrated with existing platforms to accommodate different types of clients from bookmakers to lotteries and, from existing large operations to newcomers.
Affiliate Program News
Global Gaming Affiliates wins big at the iGB Affiliate Awards
Global Gaming Affiliates has cemented its position as one of the industry's fastest-growing affiliate programmes after being named Best Non-English Affiliate Program at the 2019 iGB Affiliate Awards.
The expert panel of judges were impressed with the successful impact of Global Gaming Affiliates since launching last year, which promotes Global Gaming's leading brand Ninja Casino.
With a focus on developing close relationships with its partners, Global Gaming Affiliates introduced an industry-first sick pay initiative during the judging period. The scheme enables affiliates to receive up to three months of commission, based on an account's last six months of earnings, if they are unable to work due to a serious illness or other event.
The iGB Affiliate Awards recognise the most prestigious businesses within the online gaming affiliate industry. The winners were announced at a prestigious ceremony held at The Brewery, in the City of London.
Elaine Gardiner, Head of Global Gaming Affiliates, said: "Being named Best Non-English Affiliate Program at the iGB Affiliate Awards is an honour, and is a real testament to the strength of the team we have at Global Gaming Affiliates.
"It's great to be recognised by our fellow peers and it is only the start of the journey for Global Gaming Affiliates. We look forward to a successful 2019, where we have a number of innovative ideas to enhance the programme even further."
About Global Gaming:
Global Gaming is a challenger in the iGaming industry, delivering innovative and safe gaming services and operating a number of successful casino brands.
Its flagship, Ninja Casino, builds on a revolutionary technology allowing players to enjoy a safe and seamless online casino experience without the hassle of a lengthy registration process.
Affiliate Program News
BETR announces new affiliate programme
BETR has announced the creation of their BETR Affiliate programme based on the blockchain, the first of its kind in the industry.
A new version of BETR's smart contracts has just been released making significant improvements and additions to the system – a decentralized sports betting marketplace using the BETR token.
One of the most noteworthy enhancements is the introduction of BETR Affiliates. The core logic added to the smart contract has made it possible to tag BETR wallets introduced by affiliates which enables affiliate commissions to be paid instantly from the layer wallet.
This affiliate model is quite different from others in the industry in that the commission is calculated from every losing bet – so when a bettor loses a bet a percentage of the bettor's losses are automatically paid by the smart contract from the layer to the affiliate's wallet.
BETR layers' affiliate commission is initially set to 1.5% which equates to approximately 20% of Gross Gaming Revenue (GGR) depending on the margin of the bets. This is a more profitable model than the classic GGR rev share affiliate model.
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There is also no negative carry-over as with traditional affiliate programmes. Each wallet introduced by an affiliate is tagged on Ethereum and cannot be de-tagged or changed in the future. The process is straight forward – just set up a wallet at https://betrwallet.com/ and retrieve a BETR affiliate link.
This new development will encourage usage of the BETR token through BETR affiliates, driving liquidity of the BETR token.
BETR CEO Adriaan Brink commented, "Affiliate marketing is vital for any growing business. We need to drive user numbers and we believe the unique BETR Affiliate model will attract affiliates from across the industry and ultimately increase the player base.
"The instant commission pay-out from layer wallets to affiliate wallets is a one of a kind in this industry and a game changer for affiliates"
As well as the added affiliate logic, the optimisation of the new smart contracts has contributed to the lowering of ETH gas costs on transactions by up to a third. It also allows support for virtual sports and other game providers as well as support for rule 4 and dead heats in horseracing.
This new smart contract launch follows the recent release of the new client interface for BETROdds, the sports odds web app - https://bet.betrodds.io and BETR will shortly launch the newly design Android app, available on google play.
For more information please visit http://betr.org/betr-affiliates/
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