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Optimizing Fonts for the Web: Unicode values, glyph set, underlines, and strike-through
This is the second in a series of articles from Typekit's resident type designer, Tim Ahrens, on how we optimize fonts for the web. Read the first article.
Unicode values
Whenever text is stored or transmitted digitally, it is done so using the computer's favorite language: numbers. If you type an "A", for example, it is actually stored as "65." This system only works if all computers agree upon which number corresponds to which character. Fortunately, Unicode provides this standard, and is supported by practically all computers today. When a web page is rendered, the browser reads the text – in other words, the numbers – from the website; then for each character, it looks to the font for the corresponding glyph — the drawer with that number on it, figuratively speaking.
Not all glyphs in a font have a Unicode value attached, however. Those glyphs without a number label can only be used if they are made accessible through OpenType features. These are substitution rules stored in the font, which "redirect" to a different drawer when activated. Not all browsers support OpenType features yet but their support is growing.
Some desktop fonts will have additional glyphs (such as a foundry logo) that have no Unicode value nor are they available via OpenType; since these glyphs can never be used on the web, they should be deleted in order to save file size.
Additionally, some fonts may even have glyphs consciously attached to the wrong code points, and come with usage instructions so you know which character contains which image. This can be a sensible strategy if it allows you to simply type in certain glyphs (even logotypes) through your keyboard. If the document is subsequently printed, this hack is invisible on paper, and all that matters is what you can see.
On the web, however, things are different. Not only should the website look like we want it to, we also need to make sure the underlying code is standards-compliant so that search engines, screen readers, translation tools, or web archives can make sense of the text. This is why we make sure that each "drawer" contains what it says on the label, so as not encourage font use that may look like it should but contradicts the principles of the web. (This is also why we do not accept symbol fonts in our library: since no Unicode values yet exist for most of those characters, the only way to use them is to map the images to letters and numbers. The result is gibberish for anyone using an alternate means of reading the site.)
Adding the non-breaking space and soft-hyphen
The text we put on a web page can contain two very useful characters. The non-breaking space (
&#nbsp;) is essentially a regular space with the additional quality that it does not break across lines. The soft hyphen (
) looks the same as a normal hyphen, but rendering engines know that it should be omitted unless it is actually used in a line break.
These two characters should not be necessary in any font since their visual appearance is by definition the same as their standard counterparts. In fact, desktop applications use the latter whenever necessary. Many foundries don't even include the additional glyphs for non-breaking space and soft-hyphen in their fonts, which is, in some sense, the technically cleaner solution.
However, some browsers switch to fallback fonts when these characters are not present in the font, so at Typekit we add them to the fonts we receive if necessary.
Vertical metrics
On the desktop, vertical metrics values in a font are generally ignored, but on the web, they become incredibly important. When determining the line spacing in a paragraph of text, the browser either follows the line-height specified via CSS, or calculates a default value from the ascender, descender, and line gap values stored in the font. While the line height is something that should ideally be chosen and set consciously by the web designer, not everyone does this; as a web font provider, we have to make sure the default line height is consistent across all browsers. This is not a trivial task for historical reasons: a font contains as many as three values each for the ascender and descender, plus two for the line gap. Applications apply these values in different ways – and by no means in compliance with the specification.
For example, above, some of the letters protrude above the ascender and descender values, either because of optical compensation or because they contain diacritics. From a technical point of view, these must be included in the ascender and descender values in order to avoid clipping.
Underline and strike-through
Each font contains information on the ideal position and thickness of the underline and strike-through line. However, these values are completely ignored by all desktop applications, which typically use a hairline at a default position. So far, foundries have had no reason to set these values in their desktop fonts carefully. But many browsers do adhere to these instructions, so they need to be evaluated and adjusted for web fonts. Neither underlines nor strike-throughs can be set on a purely objective basis; just like hinting, they are partly a design decision. For many fonts, we manually set these instructions based on our own assessment of what looks best.
In our next post, we'll talk about both TrueType and PostScript hinting; the latter, while not as difficult or critical as TrueType hinting, is still important and, of course, has its own set of unique constraints.
10 Responses
Your statement "Those glyphs without a number label can only be used if they are made accessible through OpenType features." might only be true on the web. Desktop OSs support access of glyphs via their "glyph index". I am assuming that existing web font mechanisms do not support such mechanisms. This would allow access to characters representing logos, etc. without interfering with software that attempts to read the page.
I should have been more clear. If web font access mechanisms allowed specification of characters by glyph index then reading software could at least not misinterpret such characters as some other character. I am assuming, of course, that a glyph index character reference has a different representation in HTML than a Unicode one. If such a character represented a logo, then it would be good to have some sort of "alt text" for such readers (eg, "Acme Inc. logo"). On the other hand, such a mechanism would probably not have much over SVG for this purpose.
I do not worry so much about the "missing font" issue. I hope downloadable web font technology progresses to the point where a reference to a font that is not present on the web server is equivalent to a reference to a missing image file. A reference to a glyph index from a missing font would be displayed with a red "X", just like a missing GIF.
Of course, all this is fantasy and not going to happen. Sigh.
@tim ahrens Yes, perhaps PUA is the best way to go. In my work in mathematics, I have found that PUA is something to stay away from but in this particular situation, it might be the best solution. Still, sticking with the academic discussion a little longer, I wonder why font access by glyph index is good at the OS level but not at the web level. Part of the world is trying to make HTML5 and associated standards into a new platform for app development — a new OS in a sense. It would seem like being able to address fonts at the glyph level would be a good thing for the same reason it is in OSs.
@richard fink Sorry, whatever you are talking about is not clicking with me either. Somehow you have assumed that I have some sort of specific rendering problem I am trying to solve. I do not. This is purely a philosophical, technological discussion.
"The non-breaking space (&#nbsp;) is essentially a regular space with the additional quality that it does not break across lines. The soft hyphen () "
Wrong on both counts? Non breaking space has a Unicode 'name' and of more use, with your notation, a code point, expressed as an entity, & # x A 0 ; here spaced to allow transmission on a web page. Similarly with the soft hyphen, It is named 'SOFT HYPHEN' with code point & # A D ;
@paul topping
"A reference to a glyph index from a missing font would be displayed with a red "X", just like a missing GIF.
What you are suggesting is – perhaps as a CSS property – the ability to turn off font fallback.
I suggested this on the W3C Fonts mailing list a long time ago, and the idea was considered out of the question. As in "Fuggedaboudit!"
They were right. At the very least, browser support would become a nightmare if the author could defeat the locally installed fallback fonts.
No, I was not suggesting turning off font fallback in general. Characters accessed by glyph index are only valid for a single font. As I said, failure to find the font would be considered identical to serving a missing GIF. With the ability to put a webfont on one's website, and universal browser support for webfonts, the only way the character fails to display is when the website has an error in its construction. As I said, identical to the missing GIF situation.
If I was to advocate a CSS property that turned off font fallback, it would only turn it off for webfonts delivered from the same website as the page. It basically would allow the web designer to say that they absolutely want to know when they have failed to supply the font on their own website.
@paul topping
I didn't mean to put words in your mouth but it seemed a reasonable paraphrase – If the glyph is missing from the font and therefore no glyph is displayed, there's been no fallback. (And Typekit's split-font obfuscation won't work, either – y'know you're suggesting putting them out of business, right here on their own blog. Good heavens, man!)
Seriously, I'm having a little trouble figuring out what you want to have happen and under what circumstances, and perhaps it's my fault but I'm trying.
How's this: As part of EOTFAST – the free EOT maker – there's a fallback font that contains nothing but solid black boxes. It's there to verify that the EOT has loaded in IE. It's in the font-stack right behind the font that's being tested. If there's a problem with font, you see the black box, if there is no problem, you don't.
In my own testing, these days I use a slightly more sophisticated ttf (converted to WOFF and EOT as well) for the same purpose.
Would something like that solve the problem?
Comments are closed.


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You can't get much easier than the classic Daiquiri recipe, and yet it remains one of the most delicious cocktails around.
2 oz. white rum
1 oz. fresh lime juice
½ oz. simple syrup (1:1)
Tools: shaker, strainer
Glass: cocktail
Combine ingredients in a shaker with ice, shake to chill and strain into a chilled glass.

subset: commoncrawl


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Try finding a young asset class that financial advisors are more excited about than the high-yielding master limited partnership.
"My clients own two kinds of investments: those we're married to and those we date. We're married to energy MLPs," says Leonard Weiss, senior vice president of investments with the wealth-management group of Raymond James & Associates in Farmington Hills, Mich., in an interview. He's been investing in MLPs for more than a decade.
Indeed, at Morgan Stanley, MLPs have been one of the firm's top 10 investment ideas for the last few years, according to financial advisor Michael Bollinger, managing director, Morgan Stanley Private Wealth Management in Houston.
MLPs—many of which are companies that provide pipeline transport and storage for oil and natural gas—are conservative investments that offer consistent, stable income through distributions (i.e., dividends) that have the additional benefit of growth. While equities require earnings for improvement, MLPs are bolstered by increasing distributions. Moreover, MLPs offer tax advantages not available with common stock.
"What differentiates MLPs is their ability to continue to increase distributions over a longer, five-to-10-year time horizon. And that can overcome any correlation to equities, interest rates and commodities, because the fee-based pipelines—the piece of the marketplace that we focus on—are very consistent. It's similar to owning a private company that pays out cash flow," says Ethan Bellamy, managing director, Robert W. Baird Co., in Denver, in an interview.
There are two components to MLPs' total returns. "You get a return of capital, which makes the tax deferral possible [until you sell the MLP], and you also get distribution growth," explains Phil Blancato, CEO and chief investment officer of Ladenburg Thalmann Asset Management in New York, in an interview. "As more gas or oil is put through the pipeline, the greater distribution you'll get."
There are several options when investing in MLPs: buying shares of individual partnerships or turning to open-end mutual funds, closed-end funds, exchange-traded funds and exchange-traded notes. Investing in MLPs, many of which focus on the midstream section of the energy chain, is a significant way to participate in America's energy revolution and therefore the country's continuing effort to become energy independent, experts say.
Energy Revolution
"What is occurring in energy in the U.S. is our fourth revolution," Blancato notes. "First, there was the Agricultural Revolution, then the Industrial and Technological Revolutions. The fourth one focuses on the energy space. Investing with MLPs is a way to capture part of the revolution without having direct commodity-price exposure to oil and natural gas."
"It's a sunrise-sunset business model," shares Weiss, who adds that 45% of his clients own MLPs. "That is, natural gas, oil, petrochemicals are [always] moving through some pipeline, somewhere."
Now is a good time to invest in MLPs, analysts and advisors agree. In fact, "It's a perfect time. They offer liquid exposure to the energy boom that's happening. We're recommending that generally all our clients invest in them," says Ashley Lannquist, a senior analyst of investment research at New York-based Segal Rogerscasey, in an interview.
Advisors concur that MLPs are appropriate for most clients, not only those in the high-net-worth category, since the asset class is a great diversification tool. For smaller portfolios, ETFs or ETNs may be the best way to go, some suggest.
"The market tends to value MLPs higher than the same businesses that are in a corporate structure. Two utilities recently formed MLPs, and each one jumped 10%. They're the same assets but in a different structure," says Andy Pusateri, a senior utilities analyst with Edward Jones in St. Louis, in an interview.
MLPs are ideal for retirement planning, and indeed many advisors use them in this way to derive needed stable, consistent income. "For a taxable account in a retirement portfolio, most investors can have a 2%-5% allocation in MLPs to help enhance yield—especially now in this yield-starved environment," says Bollinger.
About 10 years ago, he rebalanced client portfolios by replacing portions of both equities and fixed income with MLPs. For many advisors, MLPs have replaced high-yield bonds, fixed-rate preferred stocks and Treasury bonds.
MLP Developments
Some new MLPs are those that occur in the downstream section of the energy chain. These non-traditional, or unconventional, MLPs are tied to cyclical or seasonal assets, such as refineries and nitrogen fertilizer.
There also are non-traditional MLPs launched recently that offer variable-rate distributions. They tend to have a more volatile income stream than traditional MLPs, which generally pay according to a set structure. "The variable-distribution MLP is a trend that has been solidly in place for the last couple of years and is likely to continue," says John Dowd, research analyst and portfolio manager at Boston-based Fidelity Investments, in an interview.
Variable-rate distributions, of course, may not meet some advisors' criteria for the income stability their clients seek. But, as Weiss points out, "They are certainly a better play than the traditional C Corp. And with an MLP, you get a huge tax benefit."
MLPs typically entail less volatility than the broader equity markets. And "they have a much better yield than equities," notes Daniel Kern, president-CIO of Advisor Partners RIA in Walnut Creek, Calif. (near San Francisco). "MLPs are a great way to get alternative income. It's a toll-road business model, where investing in pipelines and processing, the pipelines [and others] get paid a fee for usage. The MLPs have to distribute 90% of their income each year, so you get a claim on that revenue, a reasonably steady revenue base."
MLPs comprise about 5-10% of the firm's income portfolio, Kern notes. (He works primarily with investment advisors as a sub-advisor and also provides portfolio models to their high-net-worth clients).
One upstream MLP, Vanguard Resources, has moved to a monthly distribution. Vanguard's chief business is the acquisition, production and development of oil and natural gas properties. So far, it's the only MLP to have gone the monthly route, though others are considering it, Bellamy says: "It makes a lot of sense, because it will reduce volatility, which ultimately leads to better valuation."
Investors in Vanguard Resources do not receive cumulatively higher distributions, because they occur monthly. "They just receive a smaller amount more frequently," explains Lannquist.
Among the new, non-traditional MLPs are Hi-Crush Partners, which produces a specialized mineral used in hydraulic fracturing, and Lehigh Gas Partners and Susser Petroleum Partners, both wholesale fuel distributors. Blancato owns a few unconventional MLPs but notes, "You want to be selective, because they can have commodity sensitivity. However, this is one way to get commodity exposure, if that's what you're looking for."
Steady Streams
Most advisors treat MLPs as an alternative-income strategy. "It's an equity-yield hybrid, so it has equity-like characteristics and fixed-income characteristics in terms of yield," says Bollinger, whose team manages $400 million in discretionary separate MLP accounts.
"The MLP has a low correlation to equities in the long term and a low correlation to fixed income, although MLPs can be correlated with anything for a short time. What differentiates them is that over a longer time horizon they have the ability to continue increasing their distributions to the unitholders," he explains. "What you're really buying is that distribution, that cash flow; so over time, the MLP will decouple from the broader market."
MLPs are an emerging asset class with substantial room to grow. "The infrastructure spending on natural gas pipelines continues to go up every year in the range of $20 billion to $23 billion, so it's only going to get better," Blancato says. "Longer term, over the next five years, we expect a solid average rate of return of between 6% and 10% with very low correlation to the general market."
Choosing individual MLPs is a critical process, since these partnerships differ greatly from one another. "I research and study them to determine where they fall in the category that we'd like to use," says advisor Michael Flower, a partner with Financial Principles in Fairfield, N.J. (affiliated with Securities America). He then consults with his third-party money managers. "We'll get their opinions of various MLPs and choose five to eight of them to put into our clients' portfolios," Flower adds.
"You're paying an arm and a leg for a high- quality bond that might be giving you a 5% or 6% dividend. So where an MLP helps us is that, while it's a kind of stock, we feel comfortable we're not going to see downside fluctuation on the price as much as a good, consistent income with yields of usually 6%-8%. We're getting a bond-like dividend, but accepting a little more risk," he explains.
Most of Flower's clients fit into the mass-affluent category of investors, and their net worth starts at about $750,000; roughly 40% invest in MLPs. "They're very close to retirement or are in retirement and taking distributions, so a lot of them have MLPs that we're using for income," he notes. These large MLPs include Enterprise Products Partners and Energy Transfer Partners.
Since many clients—and even some financial advisors—are not very familiar with MLPs, Flower explains the asset class in simple terms. "It seems like clients don't really care about why you do the investment. They're more concerned about how these energy-related companies are in the middle of the energy chain, that you don't have to worry about the commodity price going up and down and affecting the company, and that they're there for transporting and storing the product," he says.
Strong Suitability
"We tell clients that a company is renting the pipeline and paying rent [to the MLP] as the product moves through it. Because of that, [MLPs] have good, consistent cash flows," shares Flower. "We stress that one advantage to an MLP is that they have to pay out a percentage of their revenues in the form of a distribution to investors."
MLPs' suitability for retirement portfolios cannot be overstated, experts say. "It's an ideal retirement asset. When you put it into a taxable account, that's where you get some significant tax benefit," says Greg Reid, managing director of Houston-based Salient Partners, as well as president and CEO of Salient's MLP business, in an interview.
In addition, MLPs are a great inflation protector. "There are very few investment opportunities where [dividends] rise because the cost of living rises. Fixed income provides fixed income," Weiss says.
Advisors who invest in exchange-traded products are looking to give their clients exposure to the energy boom without the risks of betting on individual MLPs. Kern, for instance, uses exchange-traded notes.
"We looked for a well-diversified ETN, and the one we chose has exposure to the 50-largest MLPs. We have access to petroleum, transport, natural gas pipelines and propane. We also wanted to buy an ETN with a counterparty risk we were comfortable with, so we chose the JP Morgan Alerian MLP Index ETN, which is up 22.9% year to date and yields about 4.4%," he says
Some advisors say they are paying more attention to coal MLPs. "During the last few months, as natural gas prices have trended higher, we've become a little more optimistic about coal," Bollinger says. To add a bit of diversification, the advisor has a small, 2%, allocation to a coal-royalty MLP.
"A few of the coal MLPs—Natural Resource Partners, for example—effectively own coal reserves that they lease out to experienced operators and then receive royalties," Bollinger adds. "Coal-royalty MLPs take no operational risk."
If natural gas prices increase substantially, coal MLPs surely will benefit. "We still produce 40% of our nation's power using coal," says Pusateri, "so even if natural gas prices stay low for the foreseeable future, coal isn't going away."
Analysts point to Alliance Resource Partners as another outstanding MLP focused on coal. "If you're going to buy any coal MLPs, you probably want to buy Alliance Resource Partners because [President and CEO] Joe Craft is a genius. If anybody can navigate coal fundamentals, he can," says Bellamy.
Infrastructure Plays
Midstream MLPs offer clients a conservative investment with enormous opportunity for growth, experts point out. "It's going to take another five to seven years just to build out the pipelines to transport the [hydrocarbons] form source to demand locations. That in itself is titanic," notes Weiss.
"MLPs are an industry of infrastructure. It's a huge fundamental story," he explains. "Five to seven more years of just building pipelines—and once things begin to pump, they pump for generations. Pipelines can be construed as cylindrical real estate. Right now, I can look at my hedge book and see that some of my plays already have 60% to 70% of next year's production hedged. Knowing the hedge book gives you a little heads-up on who is going to have the greater distributions."
What primarily drives MLP distribution growth is the capability of the partnership to re-invest capital, either in organic growth projects or by acquiring other, often smaller, companies. They may expand their existing infrastructure by adding capacity to a pipeline, by installing a new pipeline where one previously didn't exist or by reversing a pipeline. And, experts point out, an MLP's success is really in the hands of its management team.
That's why Bollinger spends a great deal of time with MLP managers, seeking to understand how they're deploying capital and what returns they're generating. "MLPs have a good opportunity set," he says, "so good management should be able to capitalize on that. We assess the management team and their track record. Not every team is going to be able to find the deals and execute on growth. And they may not be in the right [oil and gas] basins."
In choosing an MLP, Bollinger also studies coverage ratio: the amount of free cash flow an MLP is generating relative to the amount of cash it's distributing. "We look for companies that have excess coverage, companies that are being run relatively conservatively and have plenty of room to invest in projects that may come on at later dates or can tolerate some commodity sensitivity," he says. "We also look at the debt-capitalization ratio, which is how much debt these companies generally have as a function of their market cap. We don't want to invest in excessively levered companies."
Value in Variety
Diversification of the company itself is paramount, too, says Bollinger. "We look at how diversified they are across the value chain and across geography. For example, you don't want to buy [MLPs] only exposed to natural gas. You want crude oil, refined products and natural gas liquids, too. And you don't want only one geography, say, the Gulf Coast, which is subject to hurricanes. You want geographic diversity across basins: Utica exposure, Bakken exposure and so on. And you want both intrastate and interstate pipelines."
With oil, MLPs that connect North Dakota and Montana to refining hubs in Houston, for instance, are what Weiss prefers. "In the natural gas space," he says, "we're looking for plays that carry wet gas, which turns into all those petrochemicals … that end in 'ene.' "
Advisors also are looking forward to the liquefaction of natural gas for export. "This can create a whole new industry. [We'll be] sending it overseas, selling it to foreign countries. It's going to be a major trend to keep a close eye on," Blancato says.
As the world's leading producer of gas hydrocarbons, "The U.S. is the Saudi Arabia of natural gas," shares Flower. "So if you can find some MLPs that relate to that [development], they're a good investment."
Financial advisors who have made a place for MLPs in client portfolios can scarcely be more enthusiastic about this asset class. "Over the long term, we expect a solid average rate of return of between 6% and 10% during the next five years with a very low correlation to the general market. This is a great way to have a part of the energy revolution but not be directly impacted by fluctuations in the energy markets. We have an allocation to MLPs in every single one of our portfolios ranging from 3%-6%," Blancato says.
Plus, MLPs are indeed excellent long-term investments. "These companies have an incredible opportunity set over the next decade to continue to invest their own capital at good rates of return and increase their cash flow, and ultimately increase their distributions to unitholders, which is good for the long term, not just the short term. MLPs have a place in every portfolio," Bollinger stresses.
Energy MLPs are focused on vital, permanent infrastructure. "Unlike Dell PCs, [pipelines] won't become obsolete in our lifetime," Weiss says. "I'm sitting on what I think is the biggest growth rocket ship in the economy. So far with MLPs, I've not only increased clients' income, I've increased their sleeping level."


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Hearings for Ernest Wallace, Tanya Singleton held this morning.
FALL RIVER - Former Patriots tight end Aaron Hernandez will appear in Fall River Superior Court this afternoon for a hearing related to his lawyers' request that he be moved to the Suffolk County House of Correction.
Bristol County prosecutors wrote last week that they do not oppose Hernandez, 24, being transferred from the Bristol County House of Correction in Dartmouth, but they described as "baseless, theatrical and legally unsupportable" the defense team's accusations that Hernandez's due process rights are being violated in Dartmouth.
"Had the defendant asked the commonwealth to join in a simple request for a transfer, unadorned with inaccurate and inflammatory hyperbole, the commonwealth would have been happy to do so," prosecutors wrote.
In Bristol County, the defense team said, Hernandez has been subject to "unreasonable restrictions" in not always being able to speak privately with his lawyers or having his in-person attorney visits subject to a "bizarre and unprecedented restriction" that limits their location to a designated visitation room.
Among their accusations, Hernandez's lawyers also said the Bristol County Sheriff's office is collaborating with the district attorney's office to obtain evidence in Hernandez's criminal case, such as forwarding Hernandez's mail to prosecutors as well as notifying them of some of Hernandez's recorded jailhouse phone
conversations. The defense team also accused Bristol County Sheriff Thomas M. Hodgson of "exploiting" Hernandez for publicity.
Last month, Hodgson said the defense team previously raised the same issues, including concerns that their in-person meetings with Hernandez were being recorded, in a letter they sent him several months ago. Hodgson said his department "refuted" the defense lawyers' accusations in a follow-up letter.
"None of this is true. It's old news on their part," Hodgson said.
Prosecutors said Hernandez's lawyers "significantly misstated" the sheriff's role, which, prosecutors said, includes curtailing crimes committed by detainees. The prosecution alleges that efforts to conceal Hernandez's alleged role in the June 2013 murder of Odin Lloyd continued even after Hernandez's arrest and detention.
Hernandez has been held without bail since his arrest last summer on murder and firearm-related charges. Prosecutors allege Hernandez orchestrated Lloyd's murder in the North Attleborough Industrial Park with two accomplices, Ernest Wallace and Carlos Ortiz, both are also charged with murder. Lloyd, 27, was shot five times with a .45-caliber handgun.
Attorneys representing Wallace and Tanya Singleton, Hernandez's cousin who is charged with contempt and conspiracy to commit accessory after the fact, appeared for status hearings this morning in Fall River Superior Court. The attorneys waived the presences of Wallace and Singleton, who has been ill as she battles a recurrence of breast cancer.
In Singleton's case, prosecutors agreed to hand over discovery materials, and a bill of particulars, by Friday. Singleton has another hearing scheduled next Monday for lawyers to discuss the need for future motions, and to confirm a tentative August trial date for her contempt case, where she is accused of refusing to testify before a grand jury last summer.
Lawyers hinted at the possibility that Singleton might change her plea to the contempt charge, though she is also charged with conspiracy to commit accessory after the fact for allegedly trying to help Wallace and Ortiz flee Massachusetts after Lloyd's murder.
Wallace's attorney was given a Sept. 22 deadline to file discovery-related and non-evidentiary motions. Wallace's next scheduled court date is an Oct. 24 pretrial hearing.
This story will be updated.


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Pinball Dreams (GP32)
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Developed by
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DescriptionThe first in a line of pinball games from 21st Century and Digital Illusions, with four tables covering themes such as the wild west for Steel Wheel, space rockets for Ignition, a haunted graveyard for Nightmare and pop music for Beat Box.
The portable versions for the Game Boy and Game Gear only have 3 of the 4 original tables with the removal of Beat Box.
The iPhone version includes updated graphics (optional) and gameplay in both portrait and landscape orientation.
Promo Images
Alternate Titles
- "Pinball Pinball" -- Japanese SNES title
- "Pinball Dreaming: Pinball Dreams" -- iPhone title
- "ピンボール・ピンボール" -- Japanese SNES spelling
Part of the Following Groups
User Reviews
There are no reviews for the GP32 release of this game. You can use the links below to write your own review or read reviews for the other platforms of this game.
Critic Reviews
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|Mar 31, 2003
|8.9 out of 10
There are currently no topics for this game.
1001 Video GamesPinball Dreams appears in the book 1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die by General Editor Tony Mott.
Copy protectionThe game featured a copy protection which required write access on the original floppy - not a good idea those days with all the virii floating around and no-one caring about getting a virus scanner. Besides, the copy protection didn't protect the game at all.
Cracking sceneThere were rumors that Digital Illusions made a special HD-installed version of Pinball Dreams for their friends in the scene. Many Amiga games couldn't be installed on a hard drive as a copy protection measure. When the was released, many cracking groups made a pact not to crack and spread the game because of the game maker's strong roots in the scene. This pact didn't last for long and the game was later illegally released and spread.
Demo versionIn a demo version of the game, where only the Nightmare table is playable for five minutes, there is a screen giving a notion what one should expect from the full version. In this text the Beatbox table was named "Rap Attack" where players were supposed to become the number one rapper.
DevelopmentThe developers were members of the Amiga demoscene group The Silents and the game was originally not planned to be released as a commercial game.
The idea to make Pinball Dreams came up in 1988 when Mikael Balle, another member of The Silents, had drawn some pinball tables (assumedly on the Amiga). However, his tables were not used for the game, but his ideas of having tables larger than the actual screen size (scrolling) remained.
Bitmap Brothers and their publisher Renegade turned down the game, stating that pinball games do not sell well. Pinball Dreams and Pinball Fantasies became one of the biggest hits ever released for Amiga computers.
Tools used for developing Pinball Dreams on Amiga: DevPak (assembler), Deluxe Paint III (graphics), ProTracker 1.1b (music), PowerPacker 2.0b (cruncher).
Mouse controlThe developers once met a handicapped kid with only one hand, and made a special version of the game for him where you can control the flippers with the two mouse buttons. This feature does also appear in the sequel, Pinball Fantasies.
PKUnzipThe game disk included a registered version of PKUnzip - someone must have made a mistake putting it together.
Sound cardYou had to select the sound card / PC speaker every time you started the game.
- Computer Gaming World
- November 1996 (15th anniversary issue) – #119 in the "150 Best Games of All Time" list
Related Web Sites
- Atari Falcon Pinball Dreams (The copyright holders have permitted the game to be distributed freely. Download it here.)
Rola (8293) added Pinball Dreams (GP32) on Feb 02, 2012
Other platforms contributed by B.L. Stryker (22339), Vesuri (100), Charly2.0 (245792), Alaka (70140), Игги Друге (46367), Retron (225) and MAT (210858)
There are no game credits on file for this release of the game. Everything in MobyGames is contributable by users.


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It didn't have to be like this.
The White House could have done the right thing and issued the LGBT non-discrimination executive order for federal contractors. But, somehow, the geniuses that run the place decided against it. Not sure why, but no doubt, it was another inane political calculation on their part. Now, it's a big story.
Today, an editorial in the NYT takes the President to task:
Many federal contractors already have antidiscrimination policies. With Congress gridlocked over the issue, Mr. Obama had the chance to immediately extend protections against anti-gay employment bias to the rest of the employees of federal contractors without imposing a significant new burden on business. Yet the White House said no such executive order "will be issued at this time."
It is unclear why Mr. Obama declined to do the right thing here. He has taken actions against discrimination, like repealing the military's "don't ask, don't tell" policy against openly gay service members. And he has voiced opposition to proposed state constitutional amendments in North Carolina and Minnesota to bar same-sex marriage. His hesitation to ban gay bias by government contractors, like his continued failure to actually endorse the freedom to marry, feels like a cynical hedge. It's hard to see the political sense in it, and it is certainly unhelpful to the cause of full gay equality under the law.
I think this White House makes political calculations based on what their opponents will do (see, for example, this NYT article on how FOX News sets the agenda for the FDA.) The President's political strategists don't factor in what their allies will do in response to negative news. That's because most progressives just sit back and take it. We don't. You'd think they'd know that by now.
John linked to Peter Wallsten's article in today's Washington Post. The first two paragraphs are an indicator of what's to come:
Gay rights activists vowed Thursday to step up political pressure on the White House over President Obama's refusal to sign a nondiscrimination executive order, with some decrying the decision as an attempt to avoid controversy before the November election.
One prominent liberal donor said he would spend $100,000 to fund a "We Can't Wait" campaign targeting Obama, a takeoff on the president's own slogan for his efforts to use administrative actions as end runs around what he has termed an obstructionist Congress. The donor's money will be used to fly victims of discrimination at federal contractors to Washington to confront Obama and his aides and gin up public attention.
It shouldn't have to be like this. But, it is.
Also, today, at the Washington Post, a column by Joe Davidson, titled: Why Did Obama Refuse Executive Order?
Why indeed?
And, anyone buying the White House "we want to pass ENDA" line needs to read, White House Whopper on ENDA Executive Order, by Jillian Weiss. In response to Jay Carney's claim that the White House is "aggressively pursuing passage of ENDA." Jillian wrote:
What?! Someone's pants are on fire, and they're not mine.
Here's why she wrote that:
On ENDA, the White House never weighed in, despite the fact that there only a few votes needed to pass it, and, in fact, declared they wouldn't, as it wasn't their place to do so.
This is a shell game — watch the pea under the shell and see if you can figure out where it is this time. The Democrats have successfully played a shell game with LGBT rights for quite a long time.
In my 2010 meeting with Melody Barnes, the Assistant to the President and Director of the White House Domestic Policy Council, this is what happened:
She also noted he has mentioned ENDA, and that he believes it should be integrated into the agenda. He has articulated his support and will continue to. "We are not a barrier," she said. But, she continued, "we look to the Senate leadership; they know what we support and if the President were to push issues it would be a long list. It's up to them."
The White House doesn't have a valid policy reason for why they're not doing this executive order, which means politics is at play. And, it means they're more worried about the reaction from the professional homophobe community than what the LGBT community thinks. Disturbing to think that's how these decisions are made by the Obama team.


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| 13.4°C Dublin
Southampton's fast-increasing "prestige" can help keep England new boy Luke Shaw at St Mary's beyond the summer, according to manager Mauricio Pochettino.
Saints boss Pochettino hailed full-back Shaw's first senior England call-up for Wednesday's friendly clash with Denmark at Wembley.
Pochettino said teenager Shaw's England elevation can aid the fight to fend off the circling Manchester City and Chelsea, with both Barclays Premier League giants keen on prising the 18-year-old away from the south coast.
The Argentine manager backed Southampton's England quartet to force their way into Roy Hodgson's World Cup squad for the summer tournament in Brazil.
"That's clearly our intention; we want to keep hold of our young players, such as Luke Shaw: we want to keep hold of our young, talented players, and that's our intention for the future," said Pochettino.
"It's very important that Southampton have four players in the England squad, that's a massive boost for this club, but it also enhances the prestige of this club, so it's a very important thing."
Southampton academy graduate Shaw has joined Rickie Lambert, Jay Rodriguez and Adam Lallana in the full England squad.
Saints boss Pochettino believes all four have a realistic opportunity to make England's final World Cup roster.
"For any player it's a massive boost to get called up to the English national side, especially looking at the fact there's such a short time until the World Cup," he said.
"It's a great opportunity for them, and it's a great chance for them to actually be on that plane to Brazil."
Southampton will give defender Jos Hooiveld and midfielder Victor Wanyama as long as possible to prove their fitness for the home Barclays Premier League clash with Liverpool.
Hooiveld missed the league encounter at West Ham last weekend with an eye injury while Kenyan midfielder Wanyama is set to remain sidelined by the unspecified knock which kept him out of the squad to face the Hammers.
Liverpool defender Mamadou Sakho has returned to training after two months out with a hamstring injury but Daniel Agger will retain his place at centre-back for the trip.
Midfielder Lucas Leiva is back working with the first-team group after a six-week absence with a knee injury but will not be considered for the weekend. Left-back Jose Enrique continues his rehabilitation from a knee operation which has sidelined him since early November.
Liverpool manager Brendan Rodgers is less concerned about his defence than he is about winning their way to a successful end to the season.
The Reds have kept just two clean sheets in their last 11 games stretching back to mid-December, have conceded seven goals in their last three matches and their defensive record is the second-worst of the top 11 teams.
But, in contrast, they are the Premier League's leading scorers with 70 in 27 games and their superior firepower in their last two league matches against Fulham and Swansea is what has kept them afloat in the title race.
That does not mean defence is not an area Rodgers wants to improve but with just over two months of the season remaining results become ever more important.
"We obviously conceded disappointing goals last weekend (in beating Swansea 4-3) but ultimately at this stage of the season it is about winning," said Rodgers.
"We conceded one goal from a free-kick, another was a penalty and another was an incredible finish by Jonjo Shelvey.
"We have put in some outstanding team performances over the last four to six weeks and been so exciting to watch going forward.
"It's a collective effort. When we attack and score the goals we have it is because of the squad.
"If we've scored 70 goals and are the highest goalscorers it is because we are building a platform for the team to go forward and play.
"If we defend (badly) it is because we haven't pressed the ball high enough at the top of the field and that is a consequence for the rest of the team.
"It is just (having) that composure and focus but it is not just the back four and goalkeeper. Ultimately we won the game.
"This is a team evolving and improving all the time, and I will never move that to the side. You can never stop: performance is important for us because winning is a natural consequence of that.
"We don't put the team out every week to look nice, we are working to win.
"We won't play perfect football but we have put ourselves in a great position with 11 games to go."
PA Media


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U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team Weekly Update for Nov. 19, 2012
Bill Kauffman
USA Volleyball Communications
Phone: 719-228-6800
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
@USA_Volleyball - USAV Facebook
COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo. (Nov. 19, 2012) - The current U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team Weekly update released on Nov. 19 includes briefs on U.S. players.
DAVIS HONORED IN HOMETOWN, GIVES CLINIC IN MAUI: Nicole Davis (Stockton, Calif.), a two-time Olympic Games silver medalist with the U.S. Olympic Women's Volleyball Team, received the Jack O'Keefe Memorial Award as athlete of the year by the Stockton Athletic Hall of Fame on Nov. 14. Afterwards, Davis spoke to about 60 volleyball players during a clinic for Lankakila Volleyball on Nov. 16 at Kamehameha Schools Maui middle school gym in Hawaii. Davis averaged 3.36 digs per set in 2012 while starting 23 matches and playing in 81 of a possible 115 sets at libero. She started the first 12 matches of the FIVB World Grand Prix helping the U.S. claim a third straight gold. Davis averaged 3.07 digs per set during the FIVB World Grand Prix and finished sixth in Best Digger in Final Round despite missing the final two matches. She ranked second in Best Libero at the 2012 Olympics with an 8.30 average of digs and receptions. Davis ranked sixth in Best Digger at the Olympics and fifth in Best Receiver (74.27 efficiency percent).
BERG TAKES TO A NEW ROLE: Lindsey Berg (Honolulu), a two-time U.S. Olympic Women's Volleyball Team silver medalist and three-time Olympian, served as the CBS Sports Network color commentator for the Conference USA championship match at Tulsa University defeated University of Central Florida on Nov. 18 to earn a spot into the NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Championship 64-team field.
BARBOZA WITH RUSSIA'S UFIMOCHKA: Cynthia Barboza (Long Beach, Calif.), an outside hitter with the U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team, is competing in Russia this season with Ufimochka UGNTU. Ufimochka won its third straight Russia Super League match on Nov. 18 with a 25-22, 25-27, 25-22, 25-21 upset over Dinamo Krasnodar. Barboza notched a match-high 25 points with 20 kills on 50 attacks and five aces. She added a 52 positive and 41 excellent reception percent on 27 chances. Ufimochka (3-4, 13 points) will seek a fourth straight win on Dec. 2 as it faces Uralochka-NTMK (4-3). Prior to the Russia Super League resuming, Ufimochka will play in the Russia Cup semifinal stage group D. Ufimochka opens with a rematch versus Krasnodar on Nov. 26, followed by Yenisei on Nov. 27 and Omichka on Nov. 28.
LARSON-BURBACH, BOWN WITH RUSSIA'S DINAMO KAZAN: Jordan Larson-Burbach (Hooper, Neb.) and Heather Bown (Yorba Linda, Calif.), who have each won an Olympic silver medal with the U.S. Olympic Women's Volleyball Team, are competing for Dinamo Kazan in the Russia Super League. In CEV Champions League action, Kazan blanked 2004 Tomis Constanta 25-15, 25-12, 25-18 on Nov. 13 to move into first place in Pool E. Both Larson-Burbach and Bown scored 13 points in the victory. Larson-Burbach contributed 10 kills on 31 attacks with three blocks to go with a 57 positive reception percent. Bown was credited with seven kills on 14 attacks with just one error, four blocks and two aces. The teams will face each other again on Nov. 21 at 7 a.m. PT in a battle of the group's top two teams. To watch the match live online, click here. Kazan stopped Tyumen 25-17, 25-12, 25-18 on Nov. 18. Larson picked up 15 points in the victory with 13 kills on 23 attacks and just two errors, along with one block and one ace. She added a 53 positive reception percent on a team-high 19 receptions. Bown contributed five kills on eight errorless attacks and a block for six points. For a photo gallery of the match, click here. Kazan, the only undefeated team in the league at 7-0, will face Dinamo Moscow (6-1) on Dec. 12 in its next Russia Super League regular season match. However, Kazan moves into the Russia Cup semifinal stage next week and faces Ulan-Ude on Nov. 26, followed by Torch on Nov. 27 and Tyumen on Nov. 28.
HOOKER WITH RUSSIA'S DINAMO KRASNODAR: Destinee Hooker (San Antonio, Texas), who earned the Best Spiker Award at the 2012 Olympic Games while helping the U.S. Olympic Women's Volleyball Team to the silver medal, is competing for Dinamo Krasnodar in the Russia Super League this winter. Krasnodar lost its third straight match with a 25-22, 25-27, 25-22, 25-21 loss to Ufimochka UGNTU (3-4) on Nov. 18. Hooker led Krasnodar with 19 points via 17 kills on 48 attacks and two blocks. Krasnodar looks to break the losing streak on Dec. 2 as it faces Tyumen (3-4). Before returning to the Russia Super League regular season, Krasnodar will compete in the Russia Cup semifinal stage Pool D. Krasnodar has a rematch with Ufimochka on Nov. 26, followed by a Nov. 27 match versus Omichka before concluding the stage on Nov. 28 against Yenisei. Krasnodar is also competing in the CEV Challenge Cup and will face Turkey's TED Ankara Kolejliler in the 16th Final Round Main Phase home-and-home series. The two-match series has yet to be scheduled, but will start no earlier than Dec. 3. To read a Nov. 7 FIVB Heroes article on Hooker, click here.
TOM WITH BRAZIL'S UNILEVER: Logan Tom (Salt Lake City, Utah), a four-time U.S. Olympic Women's Volleyball selection with two silver medals, is playing this winter with Unilever in Brazil's Super League, which begins Nov. 23. Unilever defeated Sesi-SP in back-to-back friendly matches prior to the start of the regular season starting. In the first match on Nov. 13, Unilever won all four sets played with a 25-20, 25-22, 25-18, 25-21 victory. To view a photo gallery of the contest, click here. In the second match on Nov. 14, Unilever won the first three sets 25-21, 25-17, 27-25 before Sesi came back to win the final set 25-21. For a photo gallery of the match, click here. Tom was among the starters competing in the first three sets in both friendly contests.
FAWCETT WITH KOREA EXPRESSWAY IN KOREA LEAGUE: Nicole Fawcett (Zanesfield, Ohio), an opposite with the U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team, is competing with the Korea Expressway team in the Korean professional league. Fawcett's team defeated Hyundai 25-22, 25-19, 21-25, 25-18 on Nov. 15 as she tallied a match-high 32 points in the contest. She collected 26 kills on 57 attacks, four aces and two blocks. Fawcett tallied 17 points in Korea Expressway's next match, a 25-16, 25-22, 25-19 victory over KGC Ginseng on Nov. 18. She contributed 15 kills on 25 attacks and two aces. Korea Expressway (2-1) will seek its third straight victory on Nov. 22 when it faces Heungkuk (1-3).
AKINRADEWO WITH AZERBAIJAN'S RABITA BAKU: Foluke Akinradewo (Plantation, Fla.), a silver medalist with the U.S. Olympic Women's Volleyball Team at the 2012 Olympic Games, is competing for Rabita Baku in the Azerbaijan Super League. In CEV Champions League action, Rabita Baku (3-0) remained undefeated in Pool B with a 25-19, 25-22, 27-25 victory over Poland's Atom Trefl SOPOT (1-2) on Nov. 13 in the third leg of the Champions League. Akinradewo scored 14 points with eight kills on 12 attacks, three blocks and team-high three aces. Rabita Baku and Atom Trefl SOPOT will have a rematch on Nov. 22 at 6 a.m. PT in the next Pool B match. To watch the match live online, click here. The Azerbaijan Super League will be on hiatus until Nov. 27 when Rabita Baku meets up with Azerrail Baku.
HODGE, WILSON WITH AZERBAIJAN'S AZERRAIL BAKU: Megan Hodge (Durham, N.C.), a silver medalist on the 2012 U.S. Olympic Women's Volleyball Team, is playing for Azerbaijan's Azerrail Baku in 2012-2013 along with fellow Penn State University alum Arielle Wilson (Broadview, Ill.). After a week off from the CEV Champions League schedule, Azerrail (2-1) defeated Tauron MKS Dabrowa Gornicza (0-3) 22-25, 25-12, 25-20, 25-17 on Nov. 14. Hodge notched a team-high 21 points with 14 kills on 30 attacks, four blocks and three aces. She added a 41 positive reception percent in accepting 34 of the team's 64 service receptions. The two teams will meet again on Nov. 20 at 9 a.m. PT in the fourth leg of Pool D as Azerrail is in second place in the four-team division. To watch the match live online, click here. Azerrail is now 2-1 with six points in the Azerbaijan Super League as part of a three-way tie for third, but can make up ground in its next match against undefeated Rabita Baku on Nov. 27.
METCALF WITH AZERBAIJAN'S IGTISADCHI BAKU: Nancy Metcalf (Hull, Iowa), an opposite on the U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team, is playing for Igtisadchi Baku of the Azerbaijan Super League in 2012-2013. In the CEV Cup action, Igtisadchi Baku defeated Russia's Omichka Omsk 22-25, 25-11, 25-20, 25-17 on Nov. 13 to start the home-and-home 8th Final Round. To view a photo gallery of the match, click here. The teams will meet again on Nov. 21. Igtisadchi takes a 3-1 record into its next Super League regular season on Nov. 27 against Lokomotiv.
TAMAS WITH AZERBAIJAN'S BAKI AZERYOLSERVIS: Jennifer Tamas (Milpitas, Calif.), a 2008 silver medalist with the U.S. Olympic Women's Volleyball Team, is playing for Baki Azeryolservis of the Azerbaijan Super League in 2012-2013. In the CEV playoffs, Baki Azeryolservis dropped the opening match of the CEV Cup 8th Final Round home-and-home series to Germany's Rote Raben Vilsbiburg – 25-15, 22-25, 25-23, 25-15 - on Nov. 14. The teams complete the home-and-home series on Nov. 20 with Baki Azeryolservis needing to win the match plus the golden set tiebreaker to advance into the 4th Final Round. Baki Azeryolservis, 2-2 in the Azerbaijan Super League, faces Igtisadchi on Nov. 30 in its next league match.
LLOYD, FAUCETTE WITH ITALY'S YAMAMAY BUSTO ARSIZIO: Carli Lloyd (Bonsall, Calif.), a setter with the U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team, is competing in the Italian Serie A1 league with Unendo Yamamay Busto Arsizio in 2012-2013 along with American Juliann Faucette (San Diego). Both athletes played for Epic Volleyball Club in San Diego as juniors before going separate ways at the collegiate level. Yamamay Busto Arsizio, the reigning Italian League champion, moved above .500 in the Italian Serie A1 regular season with a 25-17, 18-25, 25-18, 25-21 victory over Chateaux D'Ax Urbino (1-4, 4 points) on Nov. 18. Faucette scored 18 points with 15 kills on 36 attacks, two blocks and an ace. Lloyd set the squad to a 37 kill percent and .229 hitting efficiency while securing two blocks and a kill on one attack. Yamamay Busto Arsizio (3-2, 10 points), which moved from a fourth-place tie to a second-place tie with the victory, will seek its second straight win on Nov. 25 against league-leader Rebecchi Nordmeccanica Piacenza (4-1, 12 points). In CEV Champions League action, Yamamay Busto Arsizio (2-1) held off ASPTT Mulhouse 25-19, 30-28, 20-25, 25-20 on Nov. 13. Faucette pocketed 19 points with 15 kills on 35 attacks, two blocks and two aces in starting all four sets. Lloyd started the first three sets and helped Busto Arsizio to a 37 kill percent of the match along with three individual kills on four errorless swings and a block for four points. Busto Arsizio returns to CEV Champions League action on Nov. 22 at 11:30 a.m. PT in a rematch with ASPTT Mulhouse. To watch the match live online, click here.
GIBBEMEYER WITH ITALY'S VOLLEY PESARO: Lauren Gibbemeyer (St. Paul, Minn.), a middle blocker with the U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team, is competing for Robursport Volley Pesaro in the Italian Serie A1 league in 2012-2013. Pesaro rallied to defeat Asystel McCarnaghi Villa Cortese (3-2, 9 points) on Nov. 18 with a 22-25, 19-25, 25-22, 25-19, 15-7 victory. Gibbemeyer notched 16 points with 11 kills on 20 attacks, three blocks and two aces while having a 100 excellent reception percent on two chances. Pesaro (3-2, 7 points), now in eighth place in the standings, will look to stretch its win streak to three matches on Nov. 23 against second-place Foppapedretti Bergamo (4-1, 10 points) in a match televised on Rai Sport 1.
HARMOTTO, GLASS WITH ITALY'S VOLLEY MODENA: Middle blocker Christa Harmotto (Hopewell Township, Pa.) and setter Alisha Glass (Leland, Mich.), both members of the U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team, are competing with Assicuratrice Milanese Volley Modena in the Italian Serie A1 in 2012-2013. Harmotto, a silver medalist at the 2012 Olympic Games, and Glass were also teammates at Penn State University before joining the National Team. Modena dropped below .500 with a heart-breaking 22-25, 25-20, 22-25, 25-19, 15-9 loss to league-leader Rebecchi Nordmeccnica Piacenza on Nov. 17. Glass provided a kill and block while setting the squad to a 35 kill percent. Harmotto did not compete in the match. Modena (2-3, 8 points), now in seventh place but only two points out of second place, will face 11th-place Chateau D'Ax Urbino (1-4, 4 points) on Nov. 24. Modena is also competing the CEV Challenge Cup and advanced directly into the Main Phase as it will face Nova KBM Branik Maribor in a home-and-home 16th Final Round series starting no earlier than Dec. 3.
KLINEMAN WITH ITALY'S ASYSTEL McCARNAGHI VILLA CORTESE: Alix Klineman (Manhattan Beach, Calif.) returns to the Italian Serie A1 for a second season, but will compete for Asystel McCarnaghi Villa Cortese in 2012-2013. In Italian Serie A1 action, Villa Cortese dropped a 22-25, 19-25, 25-22, 25-19, 15-7 match to KGS Robursport Pesaro (3-2, 7 points) on Nov. 18. Klineman came off the bench in the first and third sets to provide two kills on seven attacks. Villa Cortese (3-2, 9 points), now tied for fourth place, resumes Italian Serie A1 action on Nov. 25 versus ninth-place Banca Reale Yoyogurt Giaveno (2-3, 6 points). In CEV Champions League action, Villa Cortese (2-1) defeated Agel Prostejov 25-23, 25-19, 22-25, 25-22 on Nov. 14. Klineman started the first two sets and subbed in the final two in totaling two blocks and a kill. Villa Cortese plays Agel Prostejov again on Nov. 21 at 9a .m. PT as part of the fourth leg of Pool B. To watch the match live online, click here.
PAOLINI WITH ITALY'S ICOS CREMA: Lauren Paolini (Ann Arbor, Mich.), a middle blocker with the U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team, returns for a second season with Icos Crema as she helped the squad rise to the Italian Serie A1 Divisision for 2012-2013. Icos Crema lost to Duck Farm Chieri Torino (3-2, 8 points) 25-18, 25-14, 25-13 on Nov. 18. Paolini started all three sets but did not score a point on four attacks. Icos Crema (2-3, 6 points), in 10th place, returns to Italian Serie A1 action on Nov. 25 versus ninth-place Imoco Volley Conegliano (2-3, 6 points) in a match set to be shown on Sportube 2.
ENGLE, MURREY WITH ITALY'S BANCA REALE YOYOGURT GIAVENO: Ashley Engle (Yorba Linda, Calif.), who has trained with the U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team, is currently competing for Banca Reale Yoyogurt Giaveno of the Italian Serie A1 alongside American Tarah Murrey (El Cerrito, Calif.) playing in her first full professional season. Giaveno topped then-second-place Imoco Volley Conegliano (3-2, 9 points) 25-22, 20-25, 25-20, 25-20 on Nov. 18. Murrey provided 17 points with 15 kills on 36 attacks and two blocks. She also was credited with a 56 positive reception percent on nine chances. Engle did not compete in the match. Giaveno (2-3, 6 points), in 10th place, plays fourth-place Asystel McCarnaghi Villa Cortese (3-2, 9 points) on Nov. 25 in its next Italian Serie A1 match.
SYKORA WITH ITALY'S CHATEAU D'AX URBINO VOLLEY: Stacy Sykora (Burleson, Texas), a three-time U.S. Olympic Women's Volleyball Team selection, is competing with Chateau D'Ax Urbino Volley in the Italian Serie A1 League for 2012-2013. Urbino lost to reigning Italian Serie A1 champion Unendo Yamamay Busto Arsizo 25-17, 18-25, 25-18, 25-21 on Nov. 18. Sykora did not compete in the match. Urbino (1-4, 4 points) will try to rebound into the win column on Nov. 24 against seventh-place Assicuratrice Milanese Volley Modena (2-3, 8 points). In CEV Champions League Pool E action, Urbino stopped Schweriner SC 25-20, 25-22, 21-25, 25-16 on Nov. 13. Sykora did not play in the match. Urbino (1-2) is in fourth place in the four-team pool, but only two points out of second place as the pool leaders are 2-1. Urbino returns to CEV Champions League action on Nov. 21 at 10 a.m. PT with a rematch against Schweriner SC. To watch the match live online, click here.
THOMPSON WITH POLAND'S BUDOWLANI LODZ: Courtney Thompson (Kent, Wash.), a setter on the 2012s silver medalist U.S. Olympic Women's Volleyball Team, is playing for Budowlani Lodz of the Orlen Liga in Poland for 2012-2013. Budowlani Lodz (3-4) rallied to defeat AZS Bialystok (0-7) 15-25, 25-21, 25-15, 22-25, 15-10 on Nov. 19. Thompson helped spark the victory by coming off the bench in the opening set and started the final four sets. She compiled two aces, one block and a kill on one attack for four points. Budowlani Lodz converted 36 percent of its attacks, including a 50 kill percent in the third set. Budowlani Lodz, now in sixth place in the 10-team league, faces fifth-place Atom Trefl Sopot (5-2) on Nov. 25 in its next match.
RICHARDS WITH TURKEY'S BAKIRKOY BELEDIYE YESILYURT: Kristin Richards (Orem, Utah), alternate for both the 2008 and 2012 U.S. Olympic Women's Volleyball Teams, is competing for BakirkOy Belediye Yesilyurt in the Turkish League. Yesilyurt lost a close 25-23, 27-25, 22-25, 25-23 match to Galatasaray on Nov. 18. Richards scored a match-high 25 points with 22 kills on 46 attacks, two aces and a block. She added a 55 positive reception percent on a match-high 33 chances. Yesilyurt (1-4) returns to action on Nov. 25 versus Ilbank (2-3).
KIM GLASS WITH CHINA'S EVERGRANDE: Kim Glass (Lancaster, Pa.), an outside hitter with the U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team, has reunited with her 2008 U.S. Olympic Games silver-medal winning coach, Jenny Lang Ping, with Evergrande Guangdong in the Chinese League this winter. Evergrande scored a 25-21, 25-20, 25-16 victory over Kemen Ind. Army on Nov. 13 as Glass did not compete in the match. In the third round, Evergrande could not overcome ECE Jiangsu in a 25-27, 25-23, 25-21, 23-25, 15-9 loss on Nov. 17. Glass, as a sub in the second and third sets and starter in the final two sets, tallied 13 points with eight kills on 23 attacks, three blocks and two aces.
LICHTMAN WITH SWITZERLAND'S HOTEL CRISTAL VFM I: Cassidy Lichtman (Poway, Calif.), an outside hitter with the U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team, is competing for Hotel Cristal VFM I in the Swiss Volley League along with Americans Bianca Rowland, Brianna Barry, Michelle Kocher, Lise Muhlemann and Amber Roberson. Hotel Cristal VFM, 7-4 with 21 points and in fourth place, challenges second-place Volley Koniz (7-5, 22 points) on Nov. 25 in its next league match.
U.S. WOMEN'S NATIONAL VOLLEYBALL TEAM TRYOUT: The U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team will hold its annual open tryout Feb. 22-24, 2013, at the U.S. Olympic Training Center (OTC) in Colorado Springs. This tryout is open to United States citizens who are current college-age athletes and older, and high school athletes born in 1993 or earlier. Throughout the tryout process, USA Volleyball will be identifying prospective athletes for the following two different programs: U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team Program; U.S. Women's National Volleyball Senior A2 Team. The U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team Program is available to athletes who have concluded their collegiate eligibility and who wish to be invited to be a member of the U.S. Women's National Volleyball Team on a full-time basis. This program could begin as early as the spring of 2013, or when an athlete's scholastic or professional club season has concluded. Also considered for training with this group will be athletes who have remaining collegiate eligibility and their participation beginning in mid-May or when their scholastic calendar ends for 2013. The U.S. Women's National Volleyball Senior A2 Teams is available to athletes in college and with collegiate eligibility remaining for the 2013 collegiate season. This projected 48-athlete program is scheduled to take place in Dallas from June 25 to July 4 with training and competition at the USA Volleyball Girls' Junior National Championships (GJNC). For additional details including tryout fees, click here.


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Tue 11 2010
Puristic form allows complete convey calm and warmth,ofuro captures all the principles of a harmonious and relaxing bath. Made of larch wood for a sauna-scented experience. The clean design is pared down to the essentials and harmoniously emerges out of the wood grain. Ofuro is haptic, visual and comfortable. Raspel


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OTTAWA — The surprising record-breaking hole recently detected in the protective ozone layer above the Arctic highlights the importance of improving — not cutting — monitoring programs, three atmospheric scientists told federal politicians on Tuesday.
Following a breakfast meeting with about three dozen members of Parliament, the scientists said ongoing research over the past two decades has helped the international community make seven different revisions to improve a treaty signed in Montreal in 1987 that restricts substances that deplete the layer, which protects the Earth from the sun's ultraviolet radiation.
Scientists have predicted that the ozone layer could recover from depletion observed in the 1980s by about 2050, but that it remains threatened by new substances not covered by the treaty as well as existing pollution that occurred before the agreement came into force.
"A major thing that was learned this morning is that the issue of ozone depletion is not a solved problem," said Thomas Duck, an atmospheric scientist from Dalhousie University in Halifax. "We certainly understand a lot of things, but the discovery of the Arctic ozone hole really came as a surprise. It was not anticipated, and this past March and April, there it was."
Duck, Kaley Walker from the University of Toronto and Gordon Shepherd from York University in Toronto, were invited to discuss the matter with politicians by Liberal environment critic Kirsty Duncan, who is also a scientist. Duncan said she wanted to promote the discussion to find a non-partisan way to examine the government's plans to "optimize" or "streamline" the way it measures ozone.
Although Conservative and Bloc Quebecois MPs did not attend the session, Duck said he believed the group had a productive discussion about the history of Canada's ozone monitoring efforts and the science.
"It's very hard to predict what's going to happen in the future. Now we have models that give you some kind of idea of what's going to happen as we go forward, but there are also new chemical threats emerging all the time," Duck said.
"We're continually changing this chemical mix in the atmosphere. So I think this is one thing that people really learned this morning is that really the only way we have of understanding whether or not this chemical mix is impacting the ozone layer or whether new chemicals are going to cause more depletion going forward is to take the measurements."
Duck explained that there were two technologies used to measure ozone levels, including one that also can be used to measure the lower atmosphere where ozone is considered to be an air pollutant.
Duncan said she was disappointed that Conservative MPs didn't participate in the session but was pleased with the turnout from her own caucus as well as from the New Democrats and Green party leader Elizabeth May.
"The only way I know how to do business is to work across party lines, but to have 35 MPs (at the morning session) is terrific," she said. "I just hope we'll share this knowledge and we'll keep moving this issue forward."
A spokeswoman for Environment Minister Peter Kent declined to comment.
A spokeswoman for the Bloc, which has four MPs, explained that environment critic Maria Mourani was interested in the topic but unable to attend because she was at a parliamentary committee studying the government's omnibus crime legislation which heard from Quebec Justice Minister Jean-Marc Fournier in the morning.


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Lindsay Lohan is set to play another LiLo, legendary porn queen Linda Lovelace.
Lohan pal Tyler Shields told E! News that the troubled actress is on board to play the star of such adult movies as "Deep Throat" in a a biopic titled "Inferno." Producer Wali Razaqui confirmed the casting move to the Los Angeles Times.
"We've all thought that Lindsay would be a great choice for a while now, and we're all convinced that she is going to do it," the producer told the newspaper.
U.S. & World
The day's top national and international news.
Official confirmation is expected to come from director Matthew Wilder at the Cannes Film Festival, which begins May 12. Shields said Wilder had contacted him to shoot promos for the film, according to The Money Times.
Razaqui said the role will be a tough one. Linda) was so battered and beat up emotionally, that I think it's gonna take everything Lindsay has to really be able to pull it off," the producer told the Times.
"Inferno" is one of two films in the planning stages and based on the life of the porn star, who turned anti-porn activist before her death in 2002.
Another film, "Lovelace," previously had Courtney Love in the role.
Lohan, 23, has seen her career falter amid reports she is partying herself out of contention for big roles. Her last big role was in 2004's "Mean Girls," and she has not been in a movie at all since 2007's "I know Who Killed Me."
Lovelace, whose real name was Linda Boreman, was just 23, like Lohan, when the landmark porn film "Deep Throat" came out in 1972. The daughter of a New York cop, she grew up in a strict Catholic household, but later became involved with Chuck Traynor, who she said became her manager and pimp as well as husband.
Lovelace said Traynor forced her to do low budget porn films, including ones involving bestiality, at gunpoint. She said she received just $1,250 for her effort in "Deep Throat."
Lovelace divorced Traynor, denounced pornography, remarried and had children before developing hepatitis and requiting a liver transplant. She died in 2002 from injuries suffered in a car accident in Denver.


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Export 42 results:Author Title [ Type] Year
Filters: Author is Afzal S. Siddiqui [Clear All Filters]
Journal Article
"Microgrid Reliability Modeling and Battery Scheduling Using Stochastic Linear Programming." Journal of Electric Power Systems Research 103 (2013) 61-69. LBNL-6309E..
"Optimal Planning and Operation of Smart Grids with Electric Vehicle Interconnection." Journal of Energy Engineering, Special Issue: Challenges and opportunities in the 21st century energy infrastructure 138.2 (2012) 95-108. LBNL-5251E..
"Optimal selection of on-site power generation with combined heat and power applications." International Journal of Distributed Energy Resources 1.1 (2005) 33-62..
"Optimal Technology Selection and Operation of Commercial- Building Microgrids." (2008) 10. LBNL-63215..
"Optimal Technology Selection and Operation of Commercial-Building Microgrids." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 23.3 (2008) 975-982..
The Added Economic and Environmental Value of Solar Thermal Systems in Microgrids with Combined Heat and Power. Berkeley: LBNL, 2009..
Ancillary Services Markets in California. Berkeley: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1999. LBNL-43986..
CERTS Customer Adoption Model. Berkeley: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2001. LBNL-47772..
The CO2 Abatement Potential of California's Mid-Sized Commercial Buildings. Berkeley: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2010. LBNL-3024E..
Distributed Energy Resource Optimization Using a Software as Service (SaaS) Approach at the University of California, Davis Campus. Berkeley: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2011. LBNL-4285E..
Distributed Energy Resources with Combined Heat and Power Applications. Berkeley: LBNL, 2003. LBNL-52718..
Effect of Heat and Electricity Storage and Reliability on Microgrid Viability: A Study of Commercial Buildings in California and New York States. Berkeley: LBNL, 2009. LBNL-1334E..
Localized Aggregation of Diverse Energy Sources for Rural Electrification using Microgrids. Berkeley: LBNL, 2006. LBNL-60399..
Modeling of customer adoption of distributed energy resources. Berkeley: LBNL, 2001. LBNL-49582..
Operation of Distributed Generation Under Stochastic Prices. Berkeley: LBNL, 2006. LBNL-59446..
Storage Viability and Optimization Web Service. Berkeley: LBNL, 2010. LBNL-4014E..


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Endless miles of Kart racing at your fingertips
Welcome to the never-ending season of ModNation kart racing, where creativity rules on and off the track. Get on the starting grid of nearly 500,000 tracks available online or just race in our competitive circuit and compete with new dual analog stick racing and three new weapon classes. And with the new touch controls, you can create a new track in seconds and share it with the rest of the world. Buckle up for an endless ride!


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MY RIDE- Christian Breeden: Custom 'tall bike'
"I didn't know until I built it how fun it is to be this high," jokes Christian Breeden, who welded his one-of-a-kind tall bike this year from "a Mongoose, a Giant, and various other bike parts."
Breeden says custom bikes like this one are common in bigger cities and are named for their particular traits: tall bikes, long bikes, car bikes, wobbly bikes. He was inspired to create his tall bike because "I needed a classy ride for Burning Man," the infamous annual arts festival in Nevada.
With his head more than 10 feet above the ground, Breeden has nearly a bird's eye view of the road. Not surprisingly, safety is an issue. While he cops to falling off many times, he's been fortunate: "no major injuries," he says.
Questions about the bike are frequent, but Breeden says most times he can't slow down to answer. "I need to focus on not scratching anyone's paint job," he says.
The best thing about the bike?
"It's one of a kind," he says. "Vehicles that are truly unique are what all Americans strive for."


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Some interesting blog posts and news from around the genealogy world.
Jay Fonkert writes about Katharyn Fawkner and the Fountain of Youth. Poor Kate forgot how to count her years as she grew older. Of course, I don't know a single woman who would ever fib about her age…
If you weren't "doing genealogy" before the Internet, then you can get a good taste of what it was like through two posts from Randy Seaver at Genea-Musings: Genealogy Searching Then and Now – Part 1: Then (Pre-1999) and Genealogy Searching Then and Now – Part 2: Now (2013). If you've only ever researched your family on the Internet, then Randy's post is especially pertinent, particularly his reminder that comparatively few records have been digitized and placed online.
At UpFront with NGS, Diane L. Richard poses the question, Do We Still Need Libraries? I agree with Diane. What do you think?
Elizabeth Shown Mills has a new QuickLesson online: QuickLesson 15: Plagiarism–Five "Copywrongs" of Historical Writing.
Happy hunting!


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Laura and David Alima opened their Hampden ice cream shop, The Charmery, on Saturday.
The Charmery serves the Alimas' hand-crafted, made-on-premises ice cream in fresh scoops and in sundaes, sodas and milkshakes. The ice-cream menu includes traditional flavors as well as "distinctly Baltimore" flavors like Old Bay Caramel, lemon-stick sorbet and Zeke's Coffee.
The Alimas describe The Charmery as their dream project. They met in summer camp, when they were counselors at Bel Air's Habonim Dror Camp Moshava, familiarly known as "Camp Mosh." Laura was headed that fall to Cornell University School of Hotel Administration. David ended up transferring from the University of Maryland to nearby Ithaca College.
Laura has the background in the hospitality business. She graduated with a degree in hotel and restaurant management from Cornell and now serves as marketing director at Chef's Expressions, a Lutherville-based catering company.
David is the emperor of ice cream. His first experiments were on a home ice-cream maker that Laura received as a graduation present and quickly abandoned. He has since immersed himself in the world of ice cream, including training at Penn State's Ice Cream Short Course and the Frozen Dessert Institute in St. Louis.
The Alimas are serious about their sourcing. They're buying their cream from the highly regarded Trickling Springs Creamery in Chambersburg, Pa., and they are insisting on putting fresh fruit only, and not canned pulp, into their strawberry and mango ice creams.
The Charmery occupies a Hampden corner building that was once the Chestnut Pharmacy, which, for the Alimas, was a bit of destiny. Both have grandfathers who were pharmacists. David and Laura learned, after they had started dating, that their grandfathers were in the same year of pharmacy school in New Haven, Conn.
"And then we walk into this place, and it's a pharmacy," David said. "And we're like, 'This is it.' "
The Charmery is at 801 W. 36th St. It opens seven days a week at 11 a.m. and closes at 10 p.m. Sunday through Thursday and 11 p.m. on Friday and Saturday.
New in Little Italy Ozra, a Persian-Mediterranean restaurant, has opened, quietly, in Little Italy.
Ozra's formal opening, according to co-owner Reza Holland, is this Friday. Until then, Holland said, the restaurant will be asking in friends and family, but curious passers-by are being welcomed in to dine as well.
Ozra occupies a long-shuttered Stiles Street location that longtime Little Italy residents will remember as the Impallaria/Gramigna Bakery. Holland and his partner, Mahrdad "Max" Tabasi, purchased the building in 2009 and have spent the last 21/2 years completely renovating the property.
"We tried to work hard on the ambience," Holland said. "It's got a modern feel to it." Ozra will seat about 100 diners on its two floors.
The focus of Mediterranean menu, according to Holland, is on grilled items and skewered meats and seafood.
Ozra is at 806 Stiles St. For more information, call 410-528-2710 or go to ozrarestaurant.com.
Restaurant Week Baltimore Restaurant Week starts Friday. Some 100 restaurants are participating this year, offering specially created three-course menus for either $30 or $20, but not both.
The lower price was introduced a few years ago as an option for casual restaurants where a $30 menu would end up costing more than it typically would otherwise. So a $20 menu at one restaurant is not necessarily a better value than a $30 menu at another restaurant.
Among the restaurants offering the $20 dinner menu are Alexander's Tavern (710 S. Broadway.410-522-0000, alexanderstavern.com) in Fells Point, Amiccis (231 S. High St., 410-528-109, amiccis.com) in Little Italy, Mother's Federal Hill Grille (1113 S. Charles St., 410-244-8686, mothersgrille.com) and SoBo Cafe (6 W. Cross Street, 410-752-1518, sobocafe.net) in Federal Hill, and Verde ((641 S. Montford Ave., 410-522-1000, verdepizza.com).
For more information about Baltimore Restaurant Week and participating restaurants go to baltimorerestaurantweek.com.


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Three centuries on, Russian Old Believers hang on in Oregon
WOODBURN — An old woman in peasant clothes and a kerchief around her head stands in front of a Russian church that's topped by gilded cupolas. The scene could be out of a century in the distant past — if it weren't for a Ford pickup parked nearby and a TV antenna sprouting from a house.
This is "the village," a row of houses and churches that is the heart of the Russian Old Believer community in Oregon. It is where 17th century Russian traditions meet rural America.
The Russian Old Believers have survived persecution from the czars, decades in exile and other hardships.
They follow strict rules contained in religious books dating back to medieval times in Russia. They can't eat meat on Wednesdays or Fridays, they wear peasant-style clothing with a belt, they can't marry people outside the faith — among other restrictions.
"We have always been in a hostile society. From day one in the 17th century," said Father Ambrose, an Old Believer monk and curator of a Russian museum at the Mount Angel Abby.
The 10,000 Old Believers in Oregon are the largest concentration of members living in the United States. They are managing to keep their customs and traditions alive, but not without difficulty. Compromises are necessary.
Many refuse to eat at restaurants because of a religious ban on using the same dishes as heretics. But all drive cars and most these days watch television.
Old Believers have to observe 40 religious holidays every year. That makes employment with businesses outside the faith all but impossible.
About half of the Old Believers are farmers — one of the few occupations that meshes with their lifestyle. But farming becomes harder each year because of competition from imported produce.
Many Old Believer families don't believe in education past eighth grade, and send their children into their fields to work or into jobs with friends' and relatives' construction businesses.
Those teen-agers who go to high school are often prohibited from dating non-Old Believers.
Yavhori Cam, the founder of the Old Believers' village in Oregon, sliced the subdivision from verdant farmland about 30 miles south of Portland in the 1960s.
On a recent Sunday service inside Pokrov Church, men in dark robes chanted a deep-voiced a capella choir as women crossed themselves and genuflected before icons illuminated by candles.
The journey to America for most of the residents in the village began in northern Turkey, where an Old Believer community had fled to escape czarist persecution more than 200 years ago.
That group decided to relocate to Oregon because the number of marriageable young people had fallen to a low level that could no longer sustain the community, according to accounts in the village. A mere 42 families remained.
They came to Oregon through the intervention of then-Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy in 1963. They joined two other Old Believer groups that had migrated to the United States by way of Manchuria, Hong Kong and Brazil after Russia's 1917 revolution. Those groups were helped to Oregon by charities with a Cold War-era agenda of helping Christians migrate from communist countries.
Forty years on, Old Believers still get their fashion sense at baptism. Eight-day-old infants are dressed in an embroidered shirt, or rubashka, a homemade belt called a poyas, and a cross. They are expected to wear the same thing for the rest of their lives.
Mara Cherepanov, 17, a senior at Woodburn High School, admitted she sometimes eyes with envy other girls' store-bought clothes.
The problem is not purchasing clothes, she said. The problem is that Gucci or Gap don't make lines for teen-agers that meet Old Believer standards.
A dress, or platya, must be tied with the belt. It must be flowing rather than shear and extend to the ankles. After a Sunday church service, girls and boys scampered out onto Bethlehem Road in pink and red embroidered clothes, with kerchiefs and leather boots and belts, giving the quaint impression of an Old World peasant festival.
Ulita Seleznev, a teacher at Heritage Elementary School, said she sees more and more Old Believers making compromises.
"Ten or 15 years ago people were more worried about the outside. Now you hear less about the outside" because Old Believers are becoming more a part of it, she said.
Old Believer rules forbid eating off the same dish as someone who's not of the faith. Many keep special dishes in their houses for non-Old Believer guests when they come to dinner.
The only restaurants Seleznev frequents are fast-food joints — where meals come in disposable plastic and paper containers.
Some Old Believers rationalize they can "use the drive-thru because nobody has touched the dishes. Everything is throw away. I see more people doing that," she said.
"But before Lent they will repent and do their Hail Marys."
"We're still closely knit, but not reclusive as before," she said. "The kids are more American growing up than when I grew up."
Filip Ayhan, 25, a cousin of Kalin Ayhan, grew up in the village, spoke only Russian until first grade, and vows he will stay and raise his children in the same fashion.
Like many Old Believers, he quit school after seventh grade. Ayhan began working as a painter with family members or other Russians who are contractors.
Old Believers have the highest dropout rate at the Woodburn School District, said Sherrilynn Rawson, a program analyst with the district. Old Believers account for about 20 percent of dropouts but 15 percent of the school population.
She added cheerfully: "It's not nearly what it was 20 years ago. (Russian) kids didn't drop out of high school because they didn't go."
Interviewed standing beside his Chevrolet truck on Bethlehem Road, Ayhan fondly recalled Easter and other holidays in the village. The Old Believers eat homemade dumplings and drink braga, a home brew of raisins, berries, yeast and spices.
Another favorite pastime was firing the "potato shooter."
This was a length of plastic pipe plugged at one end and filled with explosive fumes from cans of hair spray or WD-40. He would jam a potato in one side and apply a match to a small hole in the other. That sent a potato mortar shell sailing toward the greenhouse of a non-Russian neighbor.
"Oh boy, we had lots of fun," he said.
In the early 1970s some Old Believers decided to leave Oregon's Willamette Valley because of unwanted modern influences.
Twenty-four families left the Woodburn site and moved to 240 acres they bought on the Kenai Peninsula in Alaska. They created the log village of Nikolayevsk, where peasant-clad Old Believers are the only residents.
In a letter to the Kenai Borough government at that time, the group explained they were leaving Oregon to "protect the integrity of our faith and to raise our children with a minimum of risk of contamination from modern temptations." Families there set up halibut fishing companies.
For Old Believers who remained in Oregon, it's becoming harder every year to make a living with farming.
Josef Cam, a grandson of the founder of the village, said next year he's "getting out of farming."
He said he failed to sell a bumper crop of strawberries this summer after imports from Mexico flooded the market. By the end of the June harvest, about 100,000 pounds of berries were rotting in the summer heat on his 12-acre patch outside a yellow farmhouse.
At Mount Angel Abby on a crisp fall night, Father Ambrose sat in his room lined with leather-bound books with Cyrillic writing on the spines. The walls were hung with tapestries and icons depicting saints and martyrs in yellow and ocher tones.
The windows of his residence overlook the Willamette Valley and the twinkling lights of farmhouses below in Old Believer country.
"It's never been easy to be an Old Believer," he said.


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Happy Birthday Hubby!
Without Jon none of my projects and blog posts would not happen.
We would have never had learned how to install wood floor laminate:
Daniela would have never gotten a new headboard:
My guest room wouldn't have gotten Kate Spade inspired curtains:
My office space that is full of windows would be naked!
Ximena's folding chairs would still look ugly:
My dollar store picture frames wouldn't look like million dollar frames!
Mom's kitchen cabinets wouldn't have a new look:
Our guest room wouldn't have a budget friendly homasote memo board:
I wouldn't have a cool new paint deck:
One of my clients would be without a custom covered ottoman:
Or an Oomph look a like table:
Daniela wouldn't have her chic chevron rug *PS I was at Danay's apt last weekend and the rug is holding up great. It still looks amazing. I'm itching to make one for my own home now.
One of my clients wouldn't have this amazing display for her wall out of wallpaper:
Our man den wouldn't have it's very own diy brickmaker table:
Ximena wouldn't have a free tufted headboard made out of a crib!
I wouldn't have jaw dropping amazing jade colored floors in my kitchen:
No new DIY Colette upholstered bed
Whew I think you guys get the idea. I could go on and on! The man is a saint that puts up with my insainty and loves me the entire time. I've never had a bigger cheerleader and supporter who believes in me when I'm in tears over this little business of mine.
I know that Jon reads my blog everyday so I hope he enjoys this post! I love you boops and wish you the happiest of birthdays!
If you have a second I would love for you guys to leave a comment and wish Jon a Happy Birthday. His favorite part of the day is reading comments and seeing if people liked that days posts.
Labels: about me


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To any DC area members (this means you, Emily) (anyone else?), or anyone who is going to visit DC this summer (e.g. Brickfest), there's a great display at the National Geographic Museum. Here's how they describe it:
Experience life in the year 1271 through models of the crusader castle Krak des Chevaliers and the Middle Eastern bazaar at Aleppo. Detailed scale models peopled by more than 2,000 figurines show the Knights Hospitaller under siege in the castle and the bustling Aleppo marketplace at the crossroads of Islamic and Christian trading routes and cultures.
There's a huge scale model of a castle under siege that fills most of a room and lots of photos and descriptions of castle architecture. The National Geographic headquarters is about three blocks north of the White House (and a block from my wife's workplace). The museum is free and only takes a few minutes to walk through if you don't stop to stare at every detail of the model castle.