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Because the eye must function under many different circumstances, there are two types of nerve cells in the retina, with different shapes: the cones and the rods. They cover the full range of adaptation to light, the cones being sensitive in bright light, and the rods in dim light. The cones are responsible for color vision. There are three types of cones, each containing a substance that reacts to light of a different color, one set for red, one for green, and one for violet. These are the primary colors in light, which, when mixed together, give white. White light stimulates all three sets of color cells; any other color stimulates one or two.
The optic nerve, which transmits the nerve impulses from the retina to the visual center of the brain, contains nerve fibers from the many nerve cells in the retina. The small spot where it leaves the retina does not have any light-sensitive cells, and is called the blind spot.
The eyes are situated in the front of the head in such a way that human beings have stereoscopic vision, the ability to judge distances. Because the eyes are set apart, each eye sees farther around an object on its own side than does the other. The brain superimposes the two slightly different images and judges distances from the composite image.
Foreign bodies in the eyes are common occurrences. Protective eyewear should be worn by individuals at risk. Cinders, grit, or other foreign bodies are best removed by lifting the eyelid by the lashes. The foreign body will usually remain on the surface of the lid, and can easily be removed. Particles embedded in the eyeball must be removed by a qualified health care professional.
Eyestrain is fatigue of the eyes caused by improper use, uncorrected defects in the vision, or an eye disorder. Symptoms may include aching or pains in the eyes, or a hot, scratchy feeling in the eyelids. Headache, blurring or dimness of vision, and sometimes dizziness or nausea may also occur.
Cleaning of a prosthetic eye is similar in principle to care of dentures; both are handled with care to avoid damage and are cleansed according to good hygienic principles. The prosthesis is removed while the patient is lying down so that it falls into the hand and is not likely to be dropped and broken. It is removed by depressing the lower eyelid, allowing the prosthesis to slide out and down. Mild soap and water are most often used for cleansing the prosthesis. Alcohol or other chemicals can damage prostheses made of plastic. If it is not replaced in the socket immediately after cleansing, it is stored in water or contact lens soaking solution. Insertion of the prosthesis is done by lifting the upper eyelid with the thumb or forefinger and placing its notched edge toward the nose. It is placed as far as possible under the upper lid and then the lower lid is depressed to allow it to slip into place. The process can be made easier by first moistening the prosthesis with water. If it is necessary to wipe the eye area of a patient wearing a prosthesis, one should gently wipe toward the nose in order not to dislodge the prosthesis.
eye(ī), [TA]
eye(ī) [TA]
Synonym(s): oculus [TA] .
The eyeball has three layers: the inner retina, which contains the photoreceptors; the middle uvea (choroid, ciliary body, and iris); and the outer sclera, which includes the transparent cornea. The eyeball contains two cavities: the anterior cavity and the posterior cavity. The smaller anterior cavity is in front of the lens and is further divided by the iris into an anterior chamber, filled with aqueous humor, and a posterior chamber, filled with the vitreous. Behind the lens is the larger posterior cavity, which contains the vitreous. The lens is behind the iris, held in place by the ciliary body and suspensory ligaments called zonules. The visible portion of the sclera is covered by the conjunctiva. Six extrinsic muscles move the eyeball: the superior, inferior, medial, and lateral rectus muscles, and the superior and inferior oblique muscles.
Nerve supply: The optic (second cranial) nerve contains the fibers from the retina. The eye muscles are supplied by the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens (third, fourth, and sixth cranial) nerves. The lid muscles are supplied by the facial nerve to the orbicularis oculi and the oculomotor nerve to the levator palpebrae. Sensory fibers to the orbit are furnished by ophthalmic and maxillary fibers of the fifth cranial (trigeminal) nerve. Sympathetic postganglionic fibers originate in the carotid plexus, their cell bodies lying in the superior cervical ganglion. They supply the dilator muscle of the iris. Parasympathetic fibers from the ciliary ganglion pass to the lacrimal gland, ciliary muscle, and constrictor muscles of the iris.
Light entering the eye passes through the cornea, then through the pupil, and on through the crystalline lens and the vitreous to the retina. The cornea, aqueous humor, lens, and vitreous are the refracting media of the eye. Changes in the curvature of the lens are brought about by its elasticity and by contraction of the ciliary muscle. These changes focus light rays on the retina, thereby stimulating the rods and cones. The rods detect light, and the cones detect colors in the visible spectrum. The visual area of the cerebral cortex, located in the occipital lobe, registers them as visual sensations. The amount of light entering the eye is regulated by the iris; its constrictor and dilator muscles change the size of the pupil in response to varying amounts of light. The eye can distinguish nearly 8 million differences in color. As the eye ages, objects appear greener. The principal aspects of vision are color sense, light sense, movement, and form sense.
Patient care
When injury to the eye occurs, visual acuity is assessed immediately. If the globe has been penetrated, a suitable eye shield, not an eye patch, is applied. A penetrating foreign body should not be removed. All medications, esp. corticosteroids, are withheld until the patient has been seen by an ophthalmologist.
The patient is assessed for pain and tenderness, redness and discharge, itching, photophobia, increased tearing, blinking, and visual blurring. When any prescribed topical eye medications (drops, ointments, or solutions) are administered, the health care provider should wash his or her hands thoroughly before administering the agent. The patient's head is turned slightly toward the affected eye; his or her cooperation is necessary to keep the eye wide open. Drops are instilled in the conjunctival sac (not on the orb), and pressure is applied to the lacrimal apparatus in the inner canthus if it is necessary to prevent systemic absorption. Ointments are applied along the palpebral border from the inner to the outer canthus, and solutions are instilled from the inner to the outer canthus. Touching the dropper or tip of the medication container to the eye should be avoided, and hands should be washed immediately after the procedure.
Both patient and family are taught correct methods for instilling prescribed medications. Patients with visual defects are protected from injury, and family members are taught safety measures. Patients with insufficient tearing or the inability to blink or close their eyes are protected from corneal injury by applying artificial tears and by gently patching the eyes closed. The importance of periodic eye examinations is emphasized. Persons at risk should protect their eyes from trauma by wearing safety goggles when working with or near dangerous tools or substances. Tinted lenses should be worn to protect the eyes from excessive exposure to bright light. Patients should avoid rubbing their eyes to prevent irritation or possibly infection. See: eyedrops; artificial tears
CAUTION!Corticosteroids should not be administered topically or systemically until the patient has been seen by a physician, preferably an ophthalmologist.
aphakic eye
artificial eye
black eye
Application of ice packs during the first 24 hr will inhibit swelling. Hot compresses after the first day may aid absorption of the fluids that produce discoloration.
contact lens–induced red eyeAbbreviation: CLARE
crossed eyeSee: cross-eye
dark-adapted eye
dominant eye
dry eye
exciting eye
false eyeArtificial eye.
fixating eye
glass eyeArtificial eye.
Klieg eyeSee: Klieg eye
lazy eyeAmblyopia.
light-adapted eye
squinting eye
sympathizing eye
eyethe light-receptor organ of animals. Such organs range in complexity from the single-lensed ocellus found in insects and some other invertebrates, to the vertebrate eye. The vertebrate eye consists of three layers (see Fig. 156 ). The fibrous outer coat consists of the SCLERA and the transparent CORNEA; the middle vascular layer is made up of the CHOROID, the CILIARY BODY and the IRIS; and the RETINA is the inner sensory layer. The two outer layers of the eye serve to support the retina or to focus images of the visual world on the retina.
Light enters the eye through the cornea and is refracted through the AQUEOUS HUMOUR on to the lens. The shape of the lens can be altered (see ACCOMMODATION) to focus the light through the VITREOUS HUMOUR on to the retina, where light-receptive ROD CELLS and CONE CELLS (see FOVEA) convert light energy to nerve impulses which pass to the brain via the optic nerve (see BLIND SPOT). An inherited dysfunction of cone cells in some individuals, more common in males than females, can lead to the inability to distinguish between different colours, a condition known as COLOUR BLINDNESS. The position of the eyes at the front of the head provides BINOCULAR VISION, and movement of the eyes within the ORBIT is controlled by extrinsic eye muscles. Several accessory structures, namely the eyelids, LACHRYMAL GLANDS and CONJUNCTIVA, protect the eye from external damage.
amaurotic eye See amaurosis.
amblyopic eye An eye which has amblyopia. Syn. lazy eye (colloquial).
aphakic eye An eye without the crystalline lens.
artificial eye A prosthesis made of glass or plastic which resembles the eye and which is placed in the socket after enucleation. See ocularist; ocular prosthesis.
axial length of the eye See axial length of the eye.
eye bank An organization that collects, evaluates, stores and distributes eyes from donors. The eyes are used for corneal transplants and research. See keratoplasty.
black eye A colloquial term for a swollen or blue-black spot on the skin of the eyelid caused by effusion of blood as a result of a superficial injury in which the skin is not broken. The correct term is ecchymosis of the eyelid. The condition recovers by itself within 2-3 weeks while changing in colour to yellow. Immediately after the injury, application of ice helps minimize the haemorrhage and swelling. See haematoma.
bleary eye A red and watery eye, with a lacklustre appearance. Lack of sleep is a common cause. Syn. blear eye.e. blink See blink.
compound eye The eye of arthropods composed of a variable number of ommatidia. See corneal facet; ommatidium.
crossed eye's See convergent strabismus.
cyclopean eye Imaginary eye located at a point midway between the two eyes. When the two visual fields overlap and the impressions from the two eyes are combined into a single impression, the apparent direction of a fixated object appears in a direction that emanates from the cyclopean eye.
dark-adapted eye An eye that has been in darkness and is sensitive to low illumination. Syn. scotopic eye.
deviating eye The non-fixating eye in strabismus or under heterophoria testing. Syn. squinting eye.
dominant eye The eye that is dominant when ocular dominance exists. See manoptoscope; hole in the card test.
dry eye This term encompasses various tear film disorders ranging from a mild form causing discomfort, which is usually relieved with artificial tears, to the most common form keratoconjunctivitis sicca. See keratoconjunctivitis sicca.
equatorial plane of the eye See equatorial plane.
exciting eye See sympathetic ophthalmia.
fixating eye The eye that is directed towards the object of regard in strabismus. See deviating eye.
glass eye An artificial eye made of glass. See ocularist; ocular prosthesis.
eye impression See eye impression.
lazy eye See amblyopic eye.
eye lens See eyepiece.
light-adapted eye An eye that has been exposed to light and is insensitive to low illumination. Syn. photopic eye. See light adaptation; duplicity theory.
eye movements See eye movements.
eye patch A piece of material or plastic that is worn over the eye when it has been injured or over the socket when it is missing.
phakic eye An eye that contains the crystalline lens. See phakic.
photopic eye See light-adapted eye.
pink eye See contagious conjunctivitis.
eye position Position of the eye in the orbit, maintained by the extraocular muscles. See primary position; secondary position; tertiary position.
pseudophakic eye An eye fitted with an intraocular lens implant. See intraocular lens.
red eye A colloquial term often used for any condition in which the blood vessels of the conjunctiva or ciliary body are congested. Many conditions result in a red eye (e.g. subconjunctival haemorrhage, pterygium, conjunctivitis, episcleritis, corneal abrasion, corneal erosion, ulcerative keratitis, corneal dendritic ulcer, acute iritis, angle-closure glaucoma, orbital cellulitis, and possibly contact lens wear). See ciliary injection; con-junctival injection.
reduced eye A mathematical model of the optical system of the eye. It consists of a single refracting surface with one nodal point, one principal point and one index of refraction. In the first such model, proposed by Listing in 1853, the refracting surface had a power of 68.3 D and was situated 2.34 mm behind the schematic eye's cornea. It had an index of refraction of 1.35, a radius of curvature of 5.124 mm and a length of 20 mm. Donders' reduced eye was even more simplified. It has a power of 66.7 D, a radius of curvature of 5 mm, an index of refraction of 4/3 and anterior and posterior focal lengths of −15 and +20 mm, respectively, with a refracting surface situated 2 mm behind the schematic eye's cornea. Gullstrand's reduced eye has a radius of curvature of 5.7 mm, an index of refraction of 1.33, a power of 61 D with the refracting surface situated 1.35 mm behind the schematic eye's cornea. Emsley's reduced eye has a power of 60 D, an index of refraction of 4/3 and is situated 1.66 mm behind the schematic eye's cornea, with anterior and posterior focal lengths of −16.67 and +22.22 mm, respectively.
schematic eye A model consisting of various spherical surfaces representing the optical system of a normal eye based on the average dimensions (called the constants of the eye) of the human eye. There are many schematic eyes, although the most commonly used is that of Gullstrand. A great deal of variation among authors stemmed from the difficulty in giving an index of refraction that would represent the heterogeneous character of the crystalline lens. Gullstrand in fact proposed two schematic eyes, one which he called the exact schematic eye and the other which he called the simplified schematic eye in which the divergent effect of the posterior corneal surface is ignored and the cornea replaced by an equivalent surface; the crystalline lens is homogeneous and the optical system is free from aberrations.
scotopic eye See dark-adapted eye.
eye shield 1. See occluder.
sighting-dominant eye The eye that is preferred in monocular tasks, such as looking through a telescope or aiming a firearm.
eye socket The bony orbit which contains the eyeball, the muscles, the nerves, the vessels, the orbital fat and the orbital portion of the lacrimal gland.
eye speculum An instrument designed to hold the eyelids apart during surgery. Syn. blepharostat.
squinting eye See deviating eye.
eye stone A small, smooth shell or other object that can be inserted beneath the eyelid to facilitate the removal of a foreign body from the eye.
sympathetic eye The uninjured eye in sympathetic ophthalmia that becomes secondarily affected. Syn. sympathizing eye.
wall eye A colloquial term referring to (1) a white opaque cornea or (2) a divergent strabismus.
watery eye See epiphora.
eye(ī) [TA]
Patient discussion about eye
Q. How to get rid of puffy eyes? After partying all night, I woke up with puffy eyes. I have an important appointment today, how can I get rid of it?
Q. What age does eye sight stabilizes? I was just wondering at what age does your eye sight usually level off and stop getting worse? Any ideas much appreciated!
It is also the age the eye is fully grown.
Don't worry it will not get much worse maybe about -0,75.
Take care
Q. What Causes Dry Eyes? I have been suffering from eye dryness lately, what causes this situation?


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Past NCBFAA Presidents' Perspectives
NCBFAA 1897-2022 : Celebrating Growth, Looking Forward to the Next 100 Years
(This copy was created for the NCBFAA Centennial Celebration. Readers are invited to contribute to this history of their organization. Inclusion of any backup materials that confirm the accuracy of a submission would be very helpful in the final decision to add the new information to this record. )
Foreign trade in America one hundred years ago was very different from what it is today The city of New York was the queen of commerce and the port of New York her king. According to records kept by Commodore Cornelius Vanderbilt, around eighty percent of all commercial shipments came through the port of New York. In this kingdom, there lived about half-dozen brokers and their "customs" families all lined up in the town of Champlain, New York. The street they lived on was known as "customs' row." They were family businesses that valued hard work and service for every dollar they earned.
Customs clearance during that time was an all day affair involving physical counting, inspecting, record keeping, copying (with pen and quill), and affixing stamps and seals. Service, integrity and trust became the foundation upon which the industry would grow and prosper. With growth and prosperity came the need to organize and launch a collective voice.
It was on March 22, 1897, that the Customs Clerks Association of the Port of New York was incorporated. Customs brokers and clerks in the U.S. Customs Service of the Port of New York were eligible for membership. The Association was incorporated as a non-profit organization. For the first time, Customs brokers shared more than physical space: They shared ideas.
American industry was growing, but an isolationist philosophy kept foreign trade at bay. Growth for many brokers was slow, but steady. Company reins were passed on to wives, sons and daughters. Partnerships emerged and business continued with New York as the center of it all.
On March 9, 1922, the New York Customs Brokers Association was organized to succeed the previous organization. Again, only licensed Customs brokers of the Port of New York were eligible for membership. A decade later, on February 23, 1933, this organization was incorporated.
The aftermath of the Great Depression brought hardships to many Customs brokers. This was due partly to the Smoot-Hawley Tariff, which was the highest tariff in the history of the United States. Trade slowed to almost a standstill, and some historians believe that this tariff contributed significantly to the Depression. Price competition in the industry was fierce.
In 1934, F.D.R. and Cordell Hull addressed the issue of high tariffs. Bilateral negotiations reduced the tariff rates, which were then applied to all friendly countries. This started a series of tariff reductions that helped fuel the growth of the industry. Brokers recognized that government needed a better understanding of industry issues, and the Association became a valuable asset to the industry with profitability as the result. Government learned a lesson, too, as all took note of the importance of trade to the overall economy.
During WWII, the Port of New York closed: New Orleans took over and became the foremost port in the country. Most of the freight forwarders in New York moved to New Orleans, some to Mobile, Alabama, and some to Tampa, Florida. Signatures, stamps and official reviews remained the business norms. After the war, this shift caused the organization to change its membership. The bylaws of the New York Customs Brokers Association, Inc., were amended on July 19, 1945; to include all licensed Customs brokers in the United States. Gone forever was the limit of membership to New York firms only.
The 1940's witnessed the emergence of the Freight Forwarder as a prominent partner in the industry. Transporting products to their ultimate destination became as important as getting those products cleared through Customs. On January 2, 1948, the Customs Brokers and Forwarders Association of America, Inc., (CBFAA) was incorporated to succeed the previous New York Customs Brokers Association. Changes in the bylaws made forwarders eligible as regular members on a national basis, and as associate members on an international basis.
In the 1950s, members who grasped the need for change readied the Association. Foremost of these changes was a national vision as well as a national name change. Some of the individuals involved in this process were Martin A. "Marty" Kerner (grandfather of Heemsoth-Kerner Corp.'s President Martin E. Kerner, Jr.), Walter J. Mercer, Frank A. Hult, and Steve Masson of the Port of Baltimore. Association Director Sam Shapiro brought the presidents of the local associations to the CBFAA, giving them a stronger and more resounding voice.
On June 6, 1962, the Association changed its name to the National Customs Brokers & Forwarders Association of America, Inc. (NCBFAA), to better reflect a new and wider scope. Restructured dues funded a national staff. Border areas and region designations with appropriate representation found new members to shoulder the industry's increasing business concerns. Membership was open to international air cargo agents in the United States (CNS/IATA) and non-vessel operating common carriers (NVOCCs). Associate and Affiliate membership designations expanded.
Leonard Shayne, president of the Association from 1969 to 1974, had an open door policy that welcomed and embraced new people and ideas. After tackling the internal struggles of an evolving organization, Shayne used the Association's larger and stronger base to tackle national industry issues. Containerization, insurance, bonding, and the usual dose of politics were faced head on. The NCBFAA was now ready to woo their vital partner, the U.S. Customs Service. More cooperation was needed not only with Customs, but also with the various governmental agencies that interfaced daily with NCBFAA members. During this stormy period when every facet of international trade was changing, it was Leonard Shayne who weathered the storm with a stronger NCBFAA.
Three crucial changes implemented by Shayne strengthened the Association for the following decades: (1) elections of board members by geographic region, (2) the creation of a serious lobbying force, and (3) the start of annual conferences.
During this time, the Association made great strides towards becoming a democratic organization. Although it claimed to be national, the NCBFAA never had a Board or a President that was elected by the members. That all changed when the NCBFAA leadership was nationally elected, representing a national electorate. As a result, Bill St. John from New Orleans became the NCBFAA's first non-New Yorker president.
During this period of economic downturns and stagflation, cash flow issues were a major concern with many members carrying large receivables that were affecting day-to-day activity. Members directed their efforts at getting clients to pay promptly for services. One major issue, computerization, made substantial inroads during this period. Automation was making significant headway and Customs was just starting to initiate the computerization of its operations.
The 1980s and 1990s witnessed important advancements in information technology and an international trade boom. The agreement and plan with U.S. Customs to jointly move forward to develop ABI was an important program that significantly improved release times, especially in the seaports.
Today, most shipments are cleared over computer lines before the ships even dock. The wheels of competition are driven by service as well as price. International trade is a top priority in U.S. foreign policy, with NAFTA a prime example of new opportunities with new challenges. The Forwarder Broker industry has and continues to experience a tremendous period of consolidation. Words like "logistics," "one-stop shipping," and "intermodalism" are the terms used to describe the business of today and tomorrow.
Within this climate, NCBFAA responds daily to the needs of the membership. In January 1989, the Association influenced the overturn of the 50-mile container rule. Later, NCBFAA helped Congress develop a workable formula for the Customs' user fee. The Association lent its support to the adoption of the Customs Modernization Act of 1993, allowing for a more hands-off, auditory style of oversight instead of the weighty transaction-by-transaction approach. Other Association achievements included the creation and implementation of the Certified Ocean Forwarder training program and its original Internet information service called FABnet (Forwarders and Brokers Network). The NCBFAA began its affiliation with the International Federation of Customs Brokers Associations, whose membership represents 16 countries.
"There are still many issues to tackle in the near future," commented Paul Wegener at the time vice president of M.G. Maher & Co., Inc., and a past president and chair of the Association. "Just one of the items that warrants prompt attention is the implementation of a standard classification and tracking system for all trucking and shipping lines, along with total industry automation," said Wegener. Other issues included the move toward larger vessels, the legality of electronic signatures, and the continuing battle for adequate compensation.
"As new people bring new ideas to the industry the fruits of their labors will continue to be more and greater opportunities for economic success," Wegener said, adding, "and for our customers, the benefits are competitive prices with more choices and levels of service."
The NCBFAA can be proud of its past as it looks to the future. The people of NCBFAA are still the best force behind the industry. They wear the badges of service, integrity and trust.

subset: commoncrawl


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November 29, 2010
Crime Magazine's Review of True-Crime Books
Have history's best-known true-crime cases become "classics," their real-life supervillains now elevated to "legend" status? It's hard to choose the right words for actions that are so very, very wrong. Several volumes in this latest column revisit killers and cases that have received so much press over the years — Ed Gein, the Washington D.C. sniper, Roman Polanski, John Wilkes Booth — that, in any other realm or genre, they would be defined as landmarks, milestones, or classics. Maybe we could say "milestones in misery." I'd be okay with that.
by Anneli Rufus
In the Arms of Evil, by Carlton Smith (St. Martin's, 2010): Nancy Jean Siegel was a gambling addict. Seeking a stooge to pay her debts, she attached herself to a not-very-bright, much older man. Stealing his nest egg and his house without his knowledge, she then murdered him, opened lines of credit in his name, and cashed his government checks for years before being caught. Smith's latest is a page-turner, largely because it's so psychological: Can non-substance addiction really be so strong as to spark murder? And how would it feel to stride, smiling, into banks and cash the checks of someone whose corpse you ditched on a roadside, in a trunk?
Blood Frenzy, by Robert Scott (Pinnacle, 2010): David Gerard couldn't handle being broken up with. Nobody welcomes rejection, but the true-crime archives are rife with stories of lethally sore losers such as Gerard, who burned one would-be ex to death and exterminated others before clubbing Frankie Cochran multiple times in the head with a hammer, breaking loose a fist-sized chunk of her skull. He left her for dead, but luckily for Cochran — and for any other females who might later have fallen in (and fallen out) with Gerard — she lived, defying doctors' predictions. Scott's book is a heartfelt testament to her courage.
Scared Silent, by Mildred Muhammad (Strebor, 2009): He left his wife for her; he married her; he had children with her; he converted to Islam with her; then he became the Washington D.C. sniper. In a grueling memoir, John Muhammad's ex-wife recounts her years of frustration and suspicion — and her horror at learning of her husband's arrest. Imagine having to tell your teenage son that his dad is a suspected serial killer. But as Muhammad remains a devout Nation of Islam adherent, her memoir does double duty as an endorsement of Islam, Allah, and the Quran, right through to its final page.
Serial Killers: Butchers and Cannibals, by Nigel Blundell (Wharncliffe, 2010): From 16th-century "Lady Dracula" Elisabeth Bathory to 21st-century Russian cannibal Alexander Puchishkin, this slender compendium revisits 28 serial killers who also mutilated or ate their victims' corpses. Most included here are quite familiar: Henry Lee Lucas, Dean Corll, Ed Gein, and more.
Murder at Yale, by Stella Sands (St. Martin's, 2010): If only it were fiction, this book would be one heck of a thriller. Beautiful grad student slain in her lab shortly before what would have been her wedding day. Sadly, it's nonfiction: Annie Le was a Yale doctoral student; lab technician Raymond Clark really did strangle her and stuff her tiny body behind a wall panel. Sands covers the crime and investigation adeptly, but — even more intriguingly — she also captures the media frenzy that this case sparked. "What was it about the disappearance and death of Annie Le that captivated so many?" Sands asks, then offers: "The story had everything: youth, privilege, beauty, romance, sex, and depravity."
The Best American Crime Reporting, edited by Stephen J. Dubner, Otto Penzler, and Thomas H. Cook (Ecco, 2010): Every year, true-crime fans look forward to the latest volume in this annual series, which brings together long, previously published articles that embody this genre at its most insightful and articulate. That said, this year's TBACR is a bit disappointing, compared to previous years'. In this edition, the articles are too few — and too many of them concern long-ago cases: the 1979 disappearance of 6-year-old Etan Patz, the the 1977 arrest of Roman Polanski, the 1878 slaying of Abraham Lincoln's assassin John Wilkes Booth. And as if one Polanski story wasn't enough — this book has two.


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Texas' school board, which has waged an ongoing battle over science education (among other topics), is back at it. In 2009, a bruising battle created science standards that questioned common descent and the age of the universe. Since then, textbook publishers have attempted to craft science texts that implement Texas' standards.
That process has reached the point where the board invited outside experts to critique the textbooks. In keeping with the school board's history, that process has also gone badly astray. Rather than choosing scientific experts and educators, the school board chose two people (Walter Bradley and Raymond Bohlin) who have been involved in the Discovery Institute, the organization that has backed the intelligent design movement. Bradley in particular was involved in crafting the wedge document, which calls for a cultural effort to get rid of science's focus on natural causes in the hope that it would advance theistic views.
Another person asked to review the texts is Ide Trotter, a retired engineer. He's a key figure in a group called Texans for Better Science Education. That group's URL, strengthsandweaknesses.org, echoes language that was specifically removed from the standards because it is used to enable religiously motivated attacks on evolution education. With the exception of two works by Darwin, the group's recommended books are all products of the Discovery Institute. (We reviewed one and found it to be largely unscientific.)
The Texas Freedom Network, which advocates for separation of church and state (among other causes), has now used the state's Public Information Act to request the results of this group's textbook reviews. And they're about what you'd expect and, most likely, what some members of the school board were hoping for.
In the evaluation of one textbook, a reviewer openly advocated for introducing religion into the science classroom. "I understand the National Academy of Science's strong support of the theory of evolution. At the same time, this is a theory. As an educator, parent, and grandparent, I feel very firmly that 'creation science' based on biblical principles should be incorporated into every biology book that is considered for adoption. Students should have the opportunity to use their critical thinking skills to weigh the evidence between evolution and 'creation science.'"
A push for creationism was also made in subtler terms. For instance, one reviewer suggests, "The fossil record can be interpreted in other ways than evolutionary with equal justification. Text should ask students to analyze and compare alternative theories." The "alternative theories" were left unstated.
The reviews also indicated some basic misunderstandings of biology. There was a suggestion that genetic drift was not a mechanism of evolution and that one standard definition of evolution (change over time) was invalid. Another questioned the existence of transitional fossils.
These reviews suggest that the battle over science education in Texas is far from over. The state is unlikely to try something as blatantly unconstitutional as demanding the teaching of creationism, but the reviews may give them another opportunity to try to undercut science education while inserting unscientific criticisms of evolution.


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Up to $25,000 Sign on Bonus, based on the amount of relevant experience
DMC Sinai-Grace Hospital is DMC's largest hospital, offering a comprehensive heart center, cancer care, gerontology, emergency medicine, obstetrics/gynecology and cosmetic services. Sinai-Grace's joint replacement program features a revolutionary minimally invasive knee and hip replacement surgery that attracts patients from all over the country. Sinai-Grace operates more than 21 outpatient care sites and ambulatory surgery centers throughout Wayne and Oakland Counties and is one of 10 hospitals in the nation to be awarded a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation grant to help set the standards of cardiac care for hospitals and physicians throughout the nation.
The Registered Nurse (RN) is a member of the Patient Care Services Team. The Registered Nurse is responsible for the satisfactory completion of nursing care by the nursing team. The RN manages and provides patient care activities for a group of patients and their families through application of independent judgment, communication and collaboration with all team members including ancillary and support services. The role of the Registered Nurse at the DMC encompasses leadership, partnership, collaboration, teaching and supervision. The RN establishes and maintains collaborative relationships with physicians and other health care providers to achieve desired patient outcomes throughout the continuum of care. The RN delegates, assesses, provides and evaluates patient care. The RN assesses, monitors and evaluates patient status by observing the patient, noting data collected by other team members and analyzing this information to independently develop a plan of nursing care which is implemented by the care delivery team under the supervision of the RN. The RN provides and delegates patient care activities to team members based upon patient needs and team member skills/abilities and supervises the delivery of care by other team members. The RN evaluates patient response to treatment and nursing interventions and if needed, revises the plan of care. The RN monitors patient progress and prepares patient for discharge, utilizing established clinical pathways. The RN reports directly to senior unit management, participates in shared decision-making activities and establishes relationships with professionals in other healthcare and community organizations to develop strong partnerships that support improved patient outcomes and the health of the community served.
1. Supervises, including assignment and evaluation of subordinate team members, and provides patient care on a daily basis. 2. Participates in the employment process related to peers and subordinate team members; addresses employee problems, complaints, disputes or requests as the first level of supervision; evaluates their performance post hire; and is authorized to issue work improvement plans to subordinates. 3. Adheres to the mission, vision, values and code of Business Conduct as established by the DMC and its associate facilities. 4. Complies with approved policies, procedures, guidelines and standards as established by the DMC and its associated facilities. 5. Demonstrates an understanding of and a commitment to customer service values of respect, courtesy, ownership, privacy, professionalism and responsiveness. 6. Completes mandatory education and training as defined by the DMC and the specific employer-facility. 7. Maintains a safe working environment through compliance with established policies and procedures and timely reporting of safety variances. 8. Demonstrates a commitment to improving the work environment through participation in meetings, timely and effective communication and an embracement of cultural diversity.
1. Utilizes various strategies to assess patient, family, employee and environment of care strengths and weaknesses to determine appropriate action plan(s) 2. Develops a detailed plan of care, which includes patient / family education, based on initial and on-going assessment findings to optimize patient outcomes. 3. Communicates with patients, families, subordinate staff and peers to ensure that plans and associated interventions are understood, operationalized and revised, as appropriate. 4. Assigns, delegates, and supervises other employees and intervenes as appropriate to ensure that the plan of care is carried out and that established outcomes are achieved through availability and appropriate utilization of human, material and financial resources. 5. Evaluates the effectiveness of plans and interventions to promote optimum achievement of established goals. 6. Collaborates formally and informally with other members of the healthcare team, including facility and DMC representatives, to identify opportunities for improvement and develop strategies for enhancing clinical practice. 7. Establishes relationships with professionals in other healthcare and community organizations to develop strong partnerships that support improved patient outcomes and the health of the community served. 8. Provides supervision, including guidance, counseling, teaching and mentoring, to targeted peers and subordinates to enhance learning experiences and improve the professional practice environment within the designated work setting.
1. Graduation from an accredited school of nursing.
2. BSN preferred.
3. Licensed to practice as a Registered Nurse (RN) in the state of Michigan.
Employment practices will not be influenced or affected by an applicant's or employee's race, color, religion, sex (including pregnancy), national origin, age, disability, genetic information, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, veteran status or any other legally protected status. Tenet will make reasonable accommodations for qualified individuals with disabilities unless doing so would result in an undue hardship.


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Sunday, April 10, 2011
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Joy and Phil discussed and researched the lifestyle. They worked together for nearly five years in preparation for their dream of full time RV living. Phil retired in June 2004; they moved into the perfect motorhome; held the last garage sale; sold the vehicles, boat and house; bought the Ford Ranger; crossed off what seemed like thousands of to-dos on the lists and at last, the day of departure arrived. Welcome to our weblog and let the adventure begin!


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Time to fill this bad boy with great products like gadgets, electronics, housewares, gifts and other great offerings from Groupon Goods.
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A headstone leads a deputy to an old grave in this article from the Athens Banner-Herald.
Historic events shifted families into, out of Western North Carolina. This column in the Asheville Citizen-Times was written by Franklin, NC, local Dee Gibson-Roles.
The Genetic Genealogist blogs about an additional Native American haplogroup discovered by genetic genealogists.
Here's a wonderful story about a slave ancestor found in Southern Claims Commission records at Reclaiming Kin.


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Flowers offer all sorts of cues to their pollinators—colors, patterns, shapes, and scents all help plants communicate with butterflies, bats, birds, and bees. But recent research suggests that another type of information—electrical fields—may work in concert with these other cues to provide extremely nuanced details about pollination status. This week in the journal Science, researchers show that this may play an important role in the extremely close-knit relationship between flowers and their pollinators.
As they travel through the air, bumblebees lose electrons, accumulating a small positive electrical charge. Flowers, meanwhile, are generally negatively charged at the top, thanks to a slight positive charge in the air around them. As a bee approaches a flower, a tiny electric field is created between plant and pollinator.
In the past, scientists have suggested that these differing charges encourage the transfer of pollen between flower and bee, helping the tiny pollen grains "jump" onto the pollinator. However, the new study showed that the bee's landing actually influences the flower's electrical charge—increasing it slightly—for a short period of time. The study's authors hypothesize that this change may signal to the next bee that the flower has just been visited and that its nectar stash is depleted. Other cues, such as a flower's shape or color, sometimes change in response to a bee's visit, but these changes can take hours. The electrical field, on the other hand, changes almost instantaneously, providing a nearly immediate signal to incoming bees.
In order for this process to work, bees must be able to sense the electrical fields of flowers. To test this ability, the researchers created a field of fake flowers that they could manipulate. Half the flowers were positively charged, and these flowers held a tiny bit of sugar solution as a reward for the bees. The remaining flowers had no charge and held a bitter quinine drink. After just 40 visits, the bees had learned that the positively charged flowers were rewarding, and they visited them more than 80 percent of the time. Once the charges were turned off, the visitation rate to the sugar-laden flowers decreased to random chance, since the bees no longer could use the electric field as a cue.
In a similar test, the researchers found that the bees could even distinguish between flowers that differ in the geometry of their electric field. The bees learned quickly that flowers with a "bullseye" electrical pattern—with a negatively charged center ring and a positively charged outer ring—were rewarding, while flowers with an even positive charge were not.
A final experiment with the artificial flowers suggests that electrical charges may work in concert with other floral cues to help bees learn. First, the researchers taught the bees that flowers of slightly different colors offered differing rewards; on average, the bees took about 35 visits to learn this rule. Then they conducted a similar trial but paired the differing hues with differing electrical fields. The bees in this trial were much quicker at picking up the pattern, learning the difference in about 24 visits.
From these experiments, it seems that electrical charge is not only a floral cue that bees can sense, but it also appears to help bees make better, faster decisions about which flowers to visit. It's unclear exactly how bees can sense these electrical fields, but it's possible that their tiny hairs can bristle up when exposed to positive charges, just as our hair stands on end in response to static electricity.
Science, 2013. DOI: 10.1126/science.1230883 (About DOIs).


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Few people plan for retirement as ambitiously as does Shepherd Knacker, the protagonist of Lionel Shriver's novel So Much for That. For years he has saved for what he calls his "Afterlife" in a spot far removed, geographically and emotionally, from where he built a profitable home repair business and raised two children with his wife, Glynis.
In this passage, he explains what he wants to flee:
"What would I like to get away from? Complexity. Anxiety. A feeling I've had my whole life that at any given time there's something I'm forgetting, some detail or chore, something I'm supposed to be doing or should have already done. That nagging sensation – I get up with it, I go through the day with it, I go to sleep with it. When I was a kid, I had a habit of coming home from school on Friday afternoons and immediately doing my homework. So I'd wake up on Saturday morning with this wonderful sensation, a clean, open feeling of relief and possibility and calm. There'd be nothing I had to do. Those Saturday mornings, they were a taste of real freedom that I've hardly ever experienced as an adult. I never wake up in Elmsford with the feeling that I've done my homework."


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Segment 5 Consumption by Regions
Segment 6 Dichlorophenylphosphine Market Size by Type
Segment 7 Dichlorophenylphosphine Market Size by Application
Segment 8 Manufacturers Profiles
Segment 9 Production Forecasts
Segment 10 Consumption Forecast
Segment 11 Upstream, Industry Chain and Downstream Customers Analysis
Segment 12 Threat and Affecting Factors, Opportunities & Challenges
Segment 13 Key Findings
Segment 14 Appendix
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Your morning roundup for May 8, the day we watched the world's terroristic boogeyman watching himself and channel surfing like an Ritalin-addled preteen whose parents won't spring for a DVR.
• After losing a lackluster fight by unanimous decision to Manny Pacquiao, Shane Mosley said, "I thought I did a pretty good job. ... I had to box a little bit today." He lied on both counts, unless going into a defensive shell the entire 12 rounds because he didn't expect 3/4-strength Manny to have as much power as he has qualifies as good and/or boxing. [Phillippine Daily Inquirer]
• Regan Smith won the Southern 500 in Darlington, SC last night [Fox Sports]. The race featured all sorts of static including Kevin Harvick and a pit fella taking dadgum swings at Kyle Busch's car afterwards [NASCAR]. (H/T Steve P.)
• Kudos to the Pee Dee work crews who spent most of Friday night into Saturday morning repainting the track's walls so they looked purdy instead of covered in "Darlington stripes" as per normal [Florence Morning News].
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• Zach Randolph set a Grizzlies franchise record with 21 rebounds in Memphis's 101-93 overtime victory over the Oklahoma City Thunder. The Griz was down 16 points in the game [Commercial Appeal].
• The Celtics's Big Three combined for 70 points, Shaq added two points in eight minutes of court time, and Rajon Rondo was the dislocated-elbowed hero in a 97-81 win over the Heat. Miami leads the series 2-1 now. [Boston Herald]
• With a 4-3 victory in Vancouver, the Nashville Predators will return home with a chance to even their Western Conference semi-final series at three. [The Tennessean] (Photo H/T Rich Lam, Getty Images)
• On a day when Justin Verlander threw a no-hitter, Brewers pitcher Yovani Gallardo threw a one-hitter against the St. Louis Cardinals. [Milwaukee-Wisconsin Journal Sentinel]
• Andre Ethier's hitting streak ended at 30 games when he went 0-for-4 as the Dodgers lost to the Mets last night. [New York Daily News]
• The fact that sifted-through public records exposed at least eight Ohio State athletes and 11 relatives bought used cars from Jack Maxton Chevrolet or Auto Direct within five years was enough for the Columbus Dispatch to write a story. The fact that the Columbus Dispatch wrote about it was enough for "Ohio State University's chief enforcer of NCAA rules" to "investigate." [Columbus Dispatch]
• New York Rangers gnat and real-world fashionista Sean Avery joined in on the Human Rights Campaign's push for same-sex marriage equality. He's one of few athletes to speak out in favor of gay rights. Good for him. Good for everybody. [New York Times]
• Rafael Nadal defeating Roger Federer is hardly news anymore. But that it happened yesterday, in Madrid, after Nadal got teary during a prematch tribute to late golfer Seve Ballesteros makes it worth a mention. [Latin American Herald Tribune]
• Media cat-fight rematch on Twitter! Lord Grantland vs. Viceroy Countdown. [Twitter 1, Twitter 2]
• So, um, Stephen A. Smith gave the commencement address at Stillman College yesterday. He talked a lot about his jet-setting competition-annihilating self and a little about the whole Tuscaloosa tornado thing. [Twitter]
• Fans of Greek basketball teams Panathinaikos and rival Olympiakos made arrangements to "meet at midnight in a deserted spot outside Corinth to fight." All went according to plan until an Olympiakos fan whipped out his AK-47 assault rifle and hit two of seven foes. [AP]
• Says Manchester United's Nani of his side's two big upcoming matches (Chelsea, which could essentially decide the EPL title, at 11 a.m. eastern; Barcelona, to decide the UEFA Champions League, on May 28): "The most important game now is Chelsea not Barcelona. It will be very difficult. But we are at home and we have had good experiences against them. We know if we want to win the game we have to play with confidence. The results against them in the Champions League were very good. I think that gives us the psychological advantage." [Telegraph]
• QPR will be moving on up to the Premier League next season despite concerns that punishment for "breaching regulations over the signing of midfielder Alejandro Faurlin in July 2009" could deduct enough points to keep them down. Big day, happy day. [BBC Sport]
• Today's soccer-viewing recommendations: The aforementioned Man U/Chelsea match starts at 11 a.m. Other games: Arsenal vs Stoke City started at 9 a.m. and Corinthians vs. Santos commences at 2:55 p.m.
Recently On Deadspin
A few stories you might've missed.
Victory: Animal Kingdom won the Kentucky Derby yesterday.
Pain: College reporter who got checked into the boards for a hockey story says it hurt worse that the guy who got beaned in a batting cage.
Rage: Watch four brave souls pounce on a guy whose back no one got.
Glee: Watch footage from a fabulous song-and-dance flash mob at Texas A&M.


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The Situation of Hazing, Torture, Gender, and Tears
Posted by The Situationist Staff on July 12, 2010
Here is another segment from John Quinones's excellent ABC 20/20 series titled "What Would You Do?" — a series that, in essence, conducts situationist experiments through hidden-camera scenarios. This episode asks, "Would you stop hazing?" (and includes analysis from psychologist Susan Lipkins).
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To review a sample of related Situationist posts, see "Journalists as Social Psychologists & Social Psychologists as Entertainers," "Milgram Replicated on French TV – 'The Game of Death'," "Solomon Asch's Famous Compliance Experiment," "The Situation of Bullying," "Lessons Learned from the Abu Ghraib Horrors," "Person X Situation X System Dynamics," "From Heavens to Hells to Heroes – Part I," "From Heavens to Hells to Heroes – Part II," "Why Torture? Because It Feels Good (at least to "Us"),"
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This entry was posted on July 12, 2010 at 12:01 am and is filed under Education, Morality, Social Psychology, Video. Tagged: gender, hazing, What Would You Do?. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
One Response to "The Situation of Hazing, Torture, Gender, and Tears"
December 27, 2012 at 10:20 pm
[…] Click Here To Watch: Group Think And The Situation Of Hazing […]


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How do I join Freeside?
So you want to be a member of Freeside Atlanta, eh? Awesome!
Feel free to drop in to our open house meetings every Second and Fourth Tuesdays at 7:30p (See Meetup.com calendar to confirm the schedule) to meet some folks and see what we've got going on. If you like what you see, and there's a project or class you're interested in, then start showing up to the project meetings or register for classes.
We are a friendly group and welcome newcomers. However, we do want to get to know you first. Here is the process for becoming a new member:
- Request a member to be your mentor. A mentor is a member that will introduce you to all things Freeside: where things are, how things work, our policies and rules, and help answer your questions. The easiest way to get a mentor is to come to one of our public events and locate a member with similar interests.
- Submit your introduction to your mentor. The introduction is made up of your answers to a few questions that tells us about yourself, your projects, and interests. We then post your introduction to our member's mailing list, which helps connect you to more members. Include a few photos of yourself (preferably at least 1 at Freeside) and some of your past and current projects. Some of our members are better with faces than names, and everyone likes to see what you've been working on!
- You'll then be sent a welcome packet by the Secretary about how to get started with your new Freeside membership! Your welcome packet includes an overview of member benefits and rights, links to our policies, and instructions for activating your 24/7 access card.
You will get all of the cool stuff that comes with being a member - check out the Benefits!
Quick re-cap: get a mentor, email in your introduction, and get your welcome packet!
Introduction Questions
Send these questions to your mentor after you find them and decide to join.
1. What do you think you can offer the space? (Skills, personality, a nice smile, etc.)
2. What do you think the space can offer you? (New talent, social networking, space to work, etc.)
3. What are some current project you are working on/want to work on? (If you have past projects you're proud of, now's the time to boast too)
5. How did you find/get interested in the space?
6.What classes would you be interested in seeing at the space? What might you be willing to teach?
7. What does the term 'hackerspace' mean to you?
What happens after I join?
After you join, you'll be sent a welcome packet via email by the Secretary letting you know you has new membership. After that:
- Proceed to pay your dues, or get with the Treasurer to set up your first payment.
- Sign the waiver! Remember, the only limit is yourself!
- Familiarize yourself with our Policies.
- IT will set you up with your key card, which gives you 24/7 access to the space.
How much is membership?
Freeside members pay one of two dues amounts for their membership - If you meet the program requirements (typically, being a student or unemployed), you pay the Starving Hacker Program rate of $40 per month. Otherwise, Freeside membership is $80 per month.
$80 per month is pretty close to what you would have to save over two years to get your own Makerbot Replicator 2 or Lulzbot Taz 3D printer. For your Freeside dues, you get access to several 3D printers, a community of people to work with on them, as well as access to a laser cutter, wood shop, machine shop, electronics lab, HAM radio shack, craft room, media lab, auditorium, classroom, and more!
Anywhoozle, you don't have to be a member to take classes, hang out at our events, and get involved. Come out for that and see if building, growing, and developing this space and community is something that you're interested in!


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Harmon impresses with interception against Eagles
There were plenty of heroes for the New England Patriots in Friday night's game against the Philadelphia Eagles.
Sure, there was the play of quarterbacks Tom Brady, Jimmy Garoppollo and Ryan Mallett, who combined for 245 yards passing and four touchdowns.
Then there was the running of Jonas Gray, who accumulated 98 second-half rushing yards.
What about the 11 different receivers who pulled downs passes in the contest?
Defensively, Tommy Kelly, Nate Ebner, Rob Ninkovich and Malcom Butler each played a big role.
But one play stands out pretty significantly in the victory.
Strong safety Duron Harmon jumped in front of an errant Mark Sanchez throw and returned it 33 yards deep into Eagles territory, igniting the Patriots early in the second half.
The rest of the third quarter resulted in 21 offensive points, which led to the 42-35 victory.
"It was a good read and great coverage by everybody else," Harmon said. "Mark (Sanchez) did not want to go to his first read because the coverage was so good. I saw the tight end coming back across the middle and knew that he was going to go there, so I just jumped it. I don't think he saw me."
Harmon's play was Sanchez's lone incomplete pass of the game in 12 attempts.
"I saw him late and I got lazy with my eyes," Sanchez said in the locker room. "I just missed it."
Harmon's play even got some good reviews from head coach Bill Belichick after the game.
"We always try to aggressively attack the ball," Belichick said. "We'll go back and look at it. I thought Duron (Harmon) made a good play on the ball. Look, if you get an opportunity, you have to take advantage of it."
Harmon, who is trying to crack the starting lineup with Devin McCourty, knows he will have stiff competition the rest of the way from Patrick Chung, Ebner and Tavon Wilson.
" (Competing) definitely brings out the best in you," Harmon said. "If you really look at it, I'm competing with three other guys and they are all really good football players. They definitely bring out the best in you each and every day. You know if you are not on your A-game, they are going to be on their A-game and make you look bad. Competing with those guys has been fun, but at the same time they're fun guys too. We are a close group."
Harmon said he's just looking forward to getting better.
"I think I did well," he said. "I have to go back and watch the film. There is definitely stuff I can improve on. So I just got to go back and keep taking it in the right direction and getting better each and every week."
Change of heart
Eagles cornerback Cary Williams intercepted Tom Brady in the first quarter and returned the pick 77 yards for a touchdown. But maybe Williams' greatest moment in Friday's game came after the game when he spoke one-on-one with Patriots head coach Bill Belichick.
"I told him that I'm sorry and I respect him as a man, a coach and a GM as well," Williams explained. "I also respect the organization. I told him I said something out of emotion and I did not really mean that."
Earlier this year, Williams spoke about how the New England Patriots were "cheaters" and that they haven't won a Super Bowl since the spygate situation took center stage in 2007.
"I've just been playing those guys since back in the day," Williams said. "You try to use anything to fire yourself up so in that situation I let my emotions get the best of me to a degree. I said some kind of things that I regret."
Williams said all is forgotten now.
"As far as I'm concerned, it's a new day," he said. "We spoke about it. He told me that he has mutual respect for me and it's two guys with respect for one another."


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Today in History - United States and Canada adopted a system of Standard Time zones
Today is Sunday, Nov. 18, the 323rd day of 2012. There are 43 days left in the year.
Today's Highlight in History:
On Nov. 18, 1942, "The Skin of Our Teeth," Thornton Wilder's Pulitzer Prize-winning allegory about the history of humankind, opened on Broadway.
On this date:
In 1865, "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" by Mark Twain was first published under the title "Jim Smiley and His Jumping Frog" in the New York Saturday Press.
In 1883, the United States and Canada adopted a system of Standard Time zones.
In 1886, the 21st president of the United States, Chester A. Arthur, died in New York.
In 1910, British suffragists clashed with police outside Parliament on what became known as "Black Friday."
In 1928, Walt Disney's first sound-synchronized animated cartoon, "Steamboat Willie" starring Mickey Mouse, premiered in New York.
In 1936, Germany and Italy recognized the Spanish government of Francisco Franco.
In 1958, the cargo freighter SS Carl D. Bradley sank during a storm in Lake Michigan, claiming 33 of the 35 lives on board.
In 1962, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Niels Bohr died in his native Denmark at age 77.
In 1966, U.S. Roman Catholic bishops did away with the rule against eating meat on Fridays outside of Lent.
In 1978, U.S. Rep. Leo J. Ryan, D-Calif., and four others were killed in Jonestown, Guyana, by members of the Peoples Temple; the killings were followed by a night of mass murder and suicide by more than 900 cult members.
In 1987, the congressional Iran-Contra committees issued their final report, saying President Ronald Reagan bore "ultimate responsibility" for wrongdoing by his aides. A fire at London King's Cross railway station claimed 31 lives.
In 1991, Shiite (SHEE'-eyet) Muslim kidnappers in Lebanon freed Anglican Church envoy Terry Waite and Thomas Sutherland, the American dean of agriculture at the American University of Beirut.
Ten years ago: U.N. arms inspectors returned to Iraq after a four-year hiatus, calling on Saddam Hussein's government to cooperate with their search for weapons of mass destruction. Actor James Coburn died in Beverly Hills, Calif., at age 74.
Five years ago: Pakistani President Gen. Pervez Musharraf's (pur-VEHZ' moo-SHAH'-ruhvz) government dismissed a last-ditch U.S. call to end emergency rule, a day after a visit by Deputy Secretary of State John Negroponte (neh-groh-PAHN'-tee). A methane blast ripped through a coal mine in eastern Ukraine, killing 101 miners. Chris Daughtry's band won favorite pop-rock album for "Daughtry," as well as breakthrough artist and adult contemporary artist at the American Music Awards. MTV Arabia, an Arab version of the pop-culture channel, began broadcasting.
One year ago: In an incident that prompted national outrage, campus police at the University of California, Davis used pepper-spray on nonviolent Occupy protesters (the school later agreed to pay $1 million to settle a lawsuit filed by the demonstrators). Self-help author James Arthur Ray was sentenced to two years in prison for leading an Arizona sweat lodge ceremony that was supposed to offer spiritual enlightenment but instead resulted in three deaths. Syria agreed in principle to allow dozens of Arab observers into the country to oversee a peace plan.
Today's Birthdays: Actress Brenda Vaccaro is 73. Author-poet Margaret Atwood is 73. Actress Linda Evans is 70. Actress Susan Sullivan is 70. Country singer Jacky Ward is 66. Actor Jameson Parker is 65. Actress-singer Andrea Marcovicci is 64. Rock musician Herman Rarebell is 63. Singer Graham Parker is 62. Actor Delroy Lindo is 60. Comedian Kevin Nealon is 59. Pro Football Hall of Fame quarterback Warren Moon is 56. Actor Oscar Nunez is 54. Actress Elizabeth Perkins is 52. Singer Kim Wilde is 52. Rock musician Kirk Hammett (Metallica) is 50. Rock singer Tim DeLaughter (dee-LAW'-ter) is 47. Actor Romany Malco is 44. Actor Owen Wilson is 44. Singer Duncan Sheik is 43. Actor Mike Epps is 42. Actress Peta Wilson is 42. Actress Chloe Sevigny (SEH'-ven-ee) is 38. Country singer Jessi Alexander is 36. Actor Steven Pasquale is 36. Rapper Fabolous is 35. Actor Nate Parker is 33. Rapper Mike Jones is 32. Actor Damon Wayans Jr. is 30. Actor Nathan Kress is 20.
Thought for Today: "It is impossible to defeat an ignorant man in argument." — William G. McAdoo, American government official (1863-1941).


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Eclipse IDE
1503 Solutions and counting.
ANTLR 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4
ANTLR Launcher and Debugger(Java only)
ANTLR Built-in Interpreter
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Custom targets
Automatically (on sav...
Build green streamed apps with IIZI platform based on Eclipse
Mindus simplifies the digital transformation for coders, made by people who like to code. Discover IIZI, our platform that changes t...
WIDE (Windchill IDE) is integrated with Eclipse IDE. You can make all changes in one window, you can easily integrate your projects with Windchill system, using all necessary plug-ins that make man...
The goal of the CFEclipse project is to create a plugin for the Eclipse platform that provides a professional quality IDE for CFML developers. Currently the CFEclipse plugin is one of the top rated...
Lua Development Tools (LDT) is about providing Lua developers with an IDE providing the user experience developers expect from any other tool dedicated to a static programming language.
Like man...
For the latest version, check Nodeclipse, Enide - Eclipse Node.js IDE and Enide Studio 2014 - Node.js, JavaScript and Java This was mirror for Nodeclipse update site, that had problem on May 30th ...
Enide - Eclipse Node.js IDE (based on Nodeclipse 0.17) Eclipse Node.JS IDE (Enide) is basically one configuration file (*.p2f) that lets you quick start with Node.js development. Link to file: htt...
Nodeclipse SDK (Standard Development Toolkit) for Windows (x64) is published on SourceForge.
It is based on Eclipse Kepler Standard
and includes Nodeclipse 0.4 and other plugins for Nodeclipse de...
COLA Tests m2e connector - No longer required (see details)
JUnit + BDD = COLA Tests
COLA Tests is a BDD framework built on top of JUnit.
It is easy to use, setup and above all, DOES NOT r...
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The Atlassian Connector for Eclipse allows you to manage JIRA issues and Bamboo builds without leaving the IDE. It is built on top of the Mylyn task interface.
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eclipse autosave plugin saves all open editors in eclipse when deactivating the eclipse window (like in IntelliJ). This is a speedup e.g. for developing web apps with wtp.
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Corrosion enables Rust application development in the Eclipse IDE.
!!! A standalone Eclipse IDE for Rust Developers is also available for download !!!
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Extras for Eclipse is a collection of small extensions for the Eclipse IDE. They include a launch dialog, a JUnit status bar, a launch configuration housekeeper, and little helpers to accomplish re...
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Last Updated on Monday, February 4, 2019 - 13:57 by Missing name Mising name


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Treasures: Carnival bowls' value varies by color, rarity
Dear Helaine and Joe:
I would like your opinion on the rarity and value of this carnival glass bowl. It is marked with an underlined "N" in a circle and is in mint condition. It is 8 1/2 inches in diameter and I believe the color is amethyst. Any information would be appreciated.
Thank you. -- B. G., Syracuse, N.Y.
Dear B. G.:
The signature on this piece is that of the Northwood Glass Co. of Indiana, Pa., and later Wheeling, W.Va. We have discussed this famous company, but it was a long time ago, and revisiting the history is in order.
Harry Northwood came from a glass-making family, and his father, John Northwood, was a renowned English glassmaker. Harry came to the United States in 1880, and went to work for the Hobbs, Brockunier company, where he learned the craft of glass blowing.
In 1886, he moved on to the La Belle Glass Co. of Bridgeport, Ohio, where he became manager in 1887. Unfortunately, La Belle burned a few months later, and Northwood moved on to the Buckeye Glass Co. in Martin's Ferry, Ohio. He remained there until 1896 when he founded his own company in Indiana, Pa.
There, he and his associates made a variety of pressed glass, including his famous custard glass. Finally in 1902, Northwood acquired the old Hobbs Brockunier facility, where he had first worked on coming to the United States, and it was here that he began marketing carnival glass in 1908.
Carnival glass first appeared about 1905, and it was said to be an attempt to produce a cheap, mass-market derivative of the fine iridized glassware being made by Tiffany, Steuben, Loetz and others. Carnival glass is mechanically pressed and came in a variety of patterns and colors -- some of which can be very rare and expensive.
Original carnival glass was made by a number of companies such as the Dugan Glass Co. (aka the Diamond Glass Co.), which worked in Northwood's old Indiana, Pa., factory after 1904; Fenton, and Millersburg. It was also made in England, Australia, Sweden, Germany, Argentina and India.
The bowl in today's question is in a Northwood pattern known as "Star of David and Bows." It was made in 8 1/2 inch diameter dome footed bowls and the design is said to have been intended as a tribute to the Jewish religion.
The inside of the bowls in this pattern have a beaded Star of David with a border of flowers, tendrils and bows, and the outside is decorated with a "vintage" (grape) pattern. So far, this design has only been found in the colors of marigold, green and amethyst.
D. G. wants to know if her bowl is rare. Sadly, the answer is no.
The most expensive "Star of David and Bows" bowls are those found in amber, which should be valued for insurance purposes at around $150 to $175. Amethyst examples are the next most valuable at around $125 to $150. The least pricey color is marigold, which is generally less than $50.
Helaine Fendelman and Joe Rosson are the authors of "Price It Yourself" (HarperResource, $19.95). Contact them at Treasures in Your Attic, P.O. Box 18350, Knoxville, TN 37928. Email them at firstname.lastname@example.com.


text: This is a beautiful GREEN 2010 JEEP WRANGLER UNLIMITED 4 DOOR WAGON; EXTENDED; OPEN BODY AUTOMATIC V6, 3.8L 4WD with miles. Please call CORONA AUTOPLEX for more information at (951) 273-9999. Quick and Easy Financing… Just click on (or copy) this link: http://coronaautoplex.com/creditapp.php We Offer Excellent Financing, Great Prices, A Huge Selection of Inventory, And We Are Open 7 Days a week to Serve You Better! Credit Problems Is Not A Problem at Corona Autoplex. We have Banks for most credit situation… ask for details… 951-273-9999 or email us at email@example.com. We give a 30 day or 1,000 miles warranty and most of our vehicles qualify for Extended Warranties… ask your salesman for details!


text: A delegate from Forsyth County attended the 66th annual 4-H Electric Congress July 22-24 at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Two hundred and twenty five 4 H'ers, adult leaders and Cooperative Extension agents from 60 counties attended the three day event. Since 1947, Duke Energy and Dominion North Carolina Power have sponsored the annual congress to emphasize energy conservation and safe electricity use. The 4-H electric energy program is one of the most popular activities among Tar Heel 4-H'ers. The 4-H program is the youth education program of North Carolina Cooperative Extension, based at North Carolina State and North Carolina A&T State universities. More than 237,500 young people between the ages of 5 and 19 participate in North Carolina 4-H activities each year with the help of 20,780 adult and youth volunteers. Pictured second from right is Nathan Barrick, 2012-2013 State 4-H Council President, 18, Son of Michael and Melinda Barrick of Winston-Salem.


text:
Story Shares helps kids improve literacy skills
Check out more of our selected reading news stories. Each weekday, we gather interesting news headlines about reading and early education. You can also sign up for our daily email service (or a weekly digest), to get the latest reading headlines sent directly to you.


text:
- Home
- Walking Canes
- By Gender
- By Style
- By Handle Type
- By Color
- By Material
- Walking & Hiking Sticks
- Specialty
- Help Center
The correct cane length is the key to safe use and better mobility.
1. Obtain measurements while wearing regular walking shoes.
2. Standing upright, allow arms to relax (with normal bend at the elbow) at your sides.
3. Have a second person measure the distance from your wrist joint down to the floor. This number is the right length of cane for you.
OR ... an estimate of the proper cane length can also be made by dividing an individual's height by two. For most persons, the right sized cane is within an inch of half their height. This guideline can be applied if the user is not available for an actual measurement. Error on the side of ordering a longer vs. shorter length since a wooden cane/stick can always be shortened, but never lengthened. If you are unsure of the length you need, the easiest thing to do is order the standard size and have it cut at a local hardware store.
Men's Fritz handle of maple wood mounted cleanly on a maple shaft with scorched finish and a clear lacquer coating throughout. The shaft is 36 inches long and tapers from 7/8 inch to 3/4 inch in diameter. Imported from Germany.
36 inches is the standard length.
We can also customize the length to suit your height by choosing one of our available sizes from 30 to 36 inches.
Choose your desired length when placing your order.
Fritz, sometimes known as crutch handles, allow the user's weight to be supported by the handle without excessive exertion. The grip has a wonderful comfortable feeling for fingers.
Replacement tip #8039808.
Please note: a cane cut from the standard length cannot be returned. If you are unsure of the exact length needed, order the standard length and have it cut at a local hardware store.


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How to Start a Lawn Care BusinessBy Steven Blades
Starting a lawn care business is not that difficult. Just look at how many young teenagers are running around with a trailer and some pretty nice equipment. It's not rocket science, but you do need to have some direction. Choosing the right direction takes some knowledge and that is what we are going to give you.
What do I need?
The first thing you need is a desire to start and run a successful business. If your heart isn't in it, then you might as well go home. The next thing you need is to write up a business plan for your new venture. This includes coming up with a name for your business, listing your startup expenses, writing a mission statement, and creating a list of short-term and long-term goals. Develop a list of several points that will be key to your success. Finally, you need to lay out the steps you need to take to meet your short-term and long-term goals.
What should I name my business?
Obviously, one of the easiest names to pick is your own, but some people like to get creative and choose names like Razor Lawn Care or Above the Hedge.
What equipment should I get?
This is one of the most important steps to the success of your business. It is the difference between being professional and well... not. You need to get commercial grade equipment if you want to succeed. The amount of use and abuse your equipment is going to have is very substantial. I'm sorry, but Wal-Mart brands are not going to cut it. You need brands like Toro, Husqvarna, and Exmark. To start out with you are going to need a good walk-behind mower, edger, trimmer, and blower. As your business grows you can add a zero-turn radius mower and other equipment as needed.
How do I get clients?
Ok, so you have your business plan, your equipment, and a will to make things work. Now what? Get some clients. Starting out is the hardest time to get clients. The key is to display yourself and your equipment in a professional manner. First impressions are everything. Once you have established yourself, you won't have to work nearly as hard to get more clients. The easiest and cheapest way to get started is to exhaust your circle of influence. That is family members and people that you know. Then you can make some business cards, signs, and flyers. They aren't that expensive and you can pass them out pretty easily. If you're still not getting enough clients, then you may need to start going door-to-door. Remember to present yourself and your equipment in the most professional way you can.
What price do I charge?
Pricing is a sticky issue. Nobody has a set formula that is easy to apply. It all depends on your location, competition, customer, and the job. I personally have a $25 minimum that I charge for extremely small yards that take 15 minutes or less to finish. The price can go up to as much as several hundred dollars depending on the size and difficulty of the job. The key with pricing is to get the job and charge enough to make it a profitable job.
Do I need accounting software?
If you want to make things a hundred times easier, yes, you need accounting software. I use and recommend Quickbooks Pro. It is pretty easy to setup and makes keeping up with your finances a breeze. You can also create really professional invoices to send out to your customers, keep up with when you receive payments, and who still owes you money.
How do I deal with trouble customers? Everyone ends up getting a trouble customer and there is nothing more annoying than someone who is never pleased with your work and basically demands something for nothing. I always treat these customers with the same respect that I would any customer with one exception. I always charge them more. If they accept my higher prices, then I get paid for dealing with them. If they decide to stop using me, I got rid of them without a bad taste in their mouth because I was respectful. It is a win-win way to handle them.
Keys to Success
Finally, let's discuss the keys to your success in starting up a lawn business. Always do more than is expected of you. Going the extra mile always pays off. It means higher customer retention, referrals, and ultimately more money! Present every aspect of your business with the utmost professionalism. Your image and reputation are everything to your business. Do not do anything to hurt them. Last, have fun and enjoy your work. Take pride in the job you do and you will succeed beyond measure.
You can learn more about lawn care, grass types and ways to increase your lawn business at: http://www.bladeslawncare.com


text: Back Capecitabine Oral tablet What is this medicine? CAPECITABINE (ka pe SITE a been) is a chemotherapy drug. It slows the growth of cancer cells. This medicine is used to treat breast cancer, and also colon or rectal cancer. This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions. What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine? They need to know if you have any of these conditions: bleeding or blood disorders dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency heart disease infection (especially a virus infection such as chickenpox, cold sores, or herpes) kidney disease liver disease an unusual or allergic reaction to capecitabine, 5-fluorouracil, other medicines, foods, dyes, or preservatives pregnant or trying to get pregnant breast-feeding How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth with a glass of water, within 30 minutes of the end of a meal. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Take your medicine at regular intervals. Do not take it more often than directed. Do not stop taking except on your doctor's advice. Your doctor may want you to take a combination of 150 mg and 500 mg tablets for each dose. It is very important that you know how to correctly take your dose. Taking the wrong tablets could result in an overdose (too much medication) or underdose (too little medication). Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. Special care may be needed. Overdosage: If you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once. NOTE: This medicine is only for you. Do not share this medicine with others. What if I miss a dose? If you miss a dose, do not take the missed dose at all. Do not take double or extra doses. Instead, continue with your next scheduled dose and check with your doctor. What may interact with this medicine? antacids with aluminum and/or magnesium folic acid leucovorin medicines to increase blood counts like filgrastim, pegfilgrastim, sargramostim phenytoin vaccines warfarin Talk to your doctor or health care professional before taking any of these medicines: acetaminophen aspirin ibuprofen ketoprofen naproxen This list may not describe all possible interactions. Give your health care provider a list of all the medicines, herbs, non-prescription drugs, or dietary supplements you use. Also tell them if you smoke, drink alcohol, or use illegal drugs. Some items may interact with your medicine. What should I watch for while using this medicine? Visit your doctor for checks on your progress. This drug may make you feel generally unwell. This is not uncommon, as chemotherapy can affect healthy cells as well as cancer cells. Report any side effects. Continue your course of treatment even though you feel ill unless your doctor tells you to stop. In some cases, you may be given additional medicines to help with side effects. Follow all directions for their use. Call your doctor or health care professional for advice if you get a fever, chills or sore throat, or other symptoms of a cold or flu. Do not treat yourself. This drug decreases your body's ability to fight infections. Try to avoid being around people who are sick. This medicine may increase your risk to bruise or bleed. Call your doctor or health care professional if you notice any unusual bleeding. Be careful brushing and flossing your teeth or using a toothpick because you may get an infection or bleed more easily. If you have any dental work done, tell your dentist you are receiving this medicine. Avoid taking products that contain aspirin, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, naproxen, or ketoprofen unless instructed by your doctor. These medicines may hide a fever. Do not become pregnant while taking this medicine. Women should inform their doctor if they wish to become pregnant or think they might be pregnant. There is a potential for serious side effects to an unborn child. Talk to your health care professional or pharmacist for more information. Do not breast-feed an infant while taking this medicine. Men are advised not to father a child while taking this medicine. What side effects may I notice from receiving this medicine? Side effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible: allergic reactions like skin rash, itching or hives, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue low blood counts - this medicine may decrease the number of white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets. You may be at increased risk for infections and bleeding. signs of infection - fever or chills, cough, sore throat, pain or difficulty passing urine signs of decreased platelets or bleeding - bruising, pinpoint red spots on the skin, black, tarry stools, blood in the urine signs of decreased red blood cells - unusually weak or tired, fainting spells, lightheadedness breathing problems changes in vision chest pain diarrhea of more than 4 bowel movements in one day or any diarrhea at night mouth sores nausea and vomiting pain, swelling, redness at site where injected pain, tingling, numbness in the hands or feet redness, swelling, or sores on hands or feet stomach pain vomiting yellow color of skin or eyes Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your doctor or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome): constipation diarrhea dry or itchy skin hair loss loss of appetite nausea weak or tired This list may not describe all possible side effects. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. Where should I keep my medicine? Keep out of the reach of children. Store at room temperature between 15 and 30 degrees C (59 and 86 degrees F). Keep container tightly closed. Throw away any unused medicine after the expiration date.