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Submitted by David Emmett on
MotoMatters.com has won the MotoGP Blogger of the Year awared in Silverstone's annual media awards for the second consecutive year. After more than 3,500 votes had been counted, we were voted best MotoGP blogger for the second year running.
Firstly, we'd like to thank everyone who voted for us. It is a truly humbling experience to have so many people make the effort to show their appreciation with their votes. And thanks to the people who help to make the site what it is: Scott Jones, one of the very, very best photographers in the MotoGP paddock, Jared Earle, who has taken on coverage of World Superbikes and made it far better than I could ever have hoped to on my own, Venancio Luis Nieto for adding so much insight into the Moto2 class, and the other contributors who help to make the site what it is, Andrew Gosling, Ben Davies, Jules Cisek, and Russ, Joe, Dave, Len and many others for help behind the scenes. The encouragement we receive is what keeps us going, through both hard times and good times.
We are in venerable company indeed. The official MotoGP.com website won best website award, as well as the prize for best MotoGP tweeter. British publication MCN won best MotoGP publication - the quality of the articles in the print version of the paper and in MCN Sport is many light years ahead of their website, and once senior management finally accepts the inevitable, and publishes the same quality articles that only appear in the paper version, they will wipe most other websites away - and the Daily Telegraph won the prize for best MotoGP coverage in a national (UK) newspaper.
When I first started the site, I never really thought of it as a blog, but over the years, I have come to realize that this is exactly what MotoMatters is, and should be. I never really understood what people mean by a blog - I still don't - but given that we don't have the resources, and I don't have the ambition to be a fully comprehensive news site, I suppose the word 'blog' best fits the bill. What we try to do is pick out the most relevant and important developments in the world of motorcycle racing, report them, and explain their significance. I have never felt comfortable being called a journalist - in truth, I feel I am a very mediocre journalist - preferring to regard myself as a writer instead. It is heartening to know that there is an audience out there interested in what we have to say, and appreciative of the analysis we provide.
Which brings me to perhaps my proudest achievement. While generally, debate on the internet results in people flinging insults at each other from behind the anonymity of adopted pseudonyms, the level of discussion on MotoMatters.com is exceptionally high. People inside the MotoGP paddock have regularly expressed their approval of the intelligence of the comments from readers, and the civil and intelligent tone taken. That has evolved with little necessity on my part to intervene - though I have done so on several occasions, and sometimes preemptively, if I feared the debate would get out of hand. I am always grateful, and frequently both astonished and humbled by the level of debate about the articles, which can often make my own writings look rather threadbare in comparison.
While it is wonderful to receive the accolades of the public, I would also like to point out that there are still some gaps missing in these awards. There is, for example, no award for World Superbikes. There are no awards for podcasts, in either category, though the prize for best MotoGP podcast could only go to MotoPOD, and the best F1 podcast would surely go to the one produced by Formula1Blog.com.
Though the internet receives an awful lot of criticism from the existing print media - the MotoGP press room is rapidly emptying out, as magazines go out of business and national newspapers cut back on expenses, their failure to adapt to and find a way to monetize changing circumstances proving to be very costly - the internet has added a vast amount of extra depth to the way that fans can interact with the sport that they love. Photographers have been the first to understand this, with people such as Andrew Wheeler and Scott Jones using the tools provided by Social Media to share what they love with their fans. But it has also allowed intelligent insiders such as Ian Wheeler and Alex Briggs to give an inside view into the workings of a MotoGP team, and help educate fans on the intricacies and attention to detail that goes into racing successfully. And it has brought hilarity, in the shape of parody Twitter account TwitGP, Eurosport blogger Duncan Bishop, and armchair comedian and critic SofaRacer. The world is changing, and adapting to change is hard, but it offers new opportunities all the time.
So thank you all once again, and if you love what we do and want us to keep doing it, please help us keep it going. Buy yourself a MotoMatters Racing Calendar, and treat yourself to 15 of Scott Jones' fantastic pictures to hang on your wall. Take out a MotoMatters subscription: you get little in return, but most of all, you know that you are helping us to get to the races and report on it. To the many people who have already supported us, our thanks, and to those who just visit and read the site, thank you too, the advertising revenue from the site helps too.
Below is the press release issued by the Silverstone Circuit press office on the media awards:
Winners of the 2012 Silverstone Media Awards announced
- Over 3,500 fans vote for favourite F1 and MotoGP™ coverage
At the end of another exhilarating motor sport season, Silverstone is delighted to announce the winners of the 2012 Silverstone Media Awards. More than 3,500 viewers, listeners, readers and followers voted in the circuit's online poll, inviting fans to nominate their favourite source of news and gossip from the 2012 F1 and MotoGP™ paddocks.
All fans voting in the Silverstone Media Awards were entered into a prize draw to win two hospitality places at either the FORMULA 1 BRITISH GRAND PRIX (28 – 30 June), or the MotoGP British Grand Prix (30 August – 01 September) at Silverstone in 2013. Ten runners-up will each receive a Silverstone Goody Bag.
The winners of the 2012 Silverstone Media Awards, as voted by the fans, are:
Formula 1™:
Best television channel for F1 coverage:
Winner: BBC
Best national newspaper for F1 coverage:
Winner: The Telegraph / Sunday Telegraph
Best motor sport publication for F1 coverage:
Winner: F1 Racing
Best website for F1 coverage:
Winner: BBC - www.bbc.co.uk
Best F1 Blogger:
Winner: James Allen - http://www.jamesallenonf1.com/
Best F1 Tweeter:
Winner: @MrJakeHumphrey
Best television channel for MotoGP™ coverage:
Winner: BBC
Best national newspaper for MotoGP™ coverage:
Winner: The Telegraph / Sunday Telegraph
Best bike publication for MotoGP™ coverage:
Winner: MCN
Best website for MotoGP™ coverage:
Winner: MotoGP™ official website - www.motogp.com
Best MotoGP™ Blogger:
Winner: Motomatters - http://motomatters.com/
Best MotoGP™ Tweeter:
Winner: @MotoGP
Katie Tyler, Head of Communications for Silverstone Circuits Limited, commented, "Formula 1™ and MotoGP™ fans are passionate about the sports they follow. The Silverstone Media Awards have provided those fans with a platform to acknowledge and show their appreciation for the media who keep them up-to-date with everything that's going on, throughout the year.
"We have had a fantastic response to the 2012 Silverstone Media Awards, with more than 3,500 fans casting their votes. The awards mean a great deal to the winners, as they are voted for by the fans, in recognition of their work. We look forward to presenting this year's winners with trophies to acknowledge their contribution towards another fantastic season of both two and four-wheeled motor sport."
For further information on 2013 events at Silverstone visit www.silverstone.co.uk, or call 0844 3728 270.
- David Emmett's blog
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what's a blog
For what it's worth David I think the definitions for "blog" compared to more traditional but now online news publications are blurring, or even somewhat merging. Blogs used to be defined and distinguished in large part as being single user, single subject, and inviting of reader comments. Now 'blogs' such as yours have multi users (e.g. someone different writing about MotoGP vs. WorldSuperbikes), multi subjects (the aforementioned different bike disciplines), and on the other side more traditional publications invite reader comments as much as the 'blogs' do.
I think the only remaining thing that might really distinguish this site as a blog is the layout - predominately made up of single entries in reverse chronological order on one primary page (though I realize there's actually a lot more depth to the site than that).
At any rate, I'll congratulate you no matter what this site should be called (because it's well deserved) if you promise not to search for how many times per day my IP address browses it :) I'd also say you're a great journalist.
Huge congrats
It's well deserved.
No surprise here. This site
No surprise here. This site is, by far, my favorite motorcycle roadracing stopping point on the 'web. And David, you do yourself an injustice; you are one very, very good journalist.
In addition to that, the tone and content of the comments really set this site apart. The knowledge of those who post here, the depth of their insights, is remarkable, as is the generally civil tone. But best of all, the discussion doesn't veer into personal hostility, politics, religion, or (as happens all too often here in the U.S.) weapons worship. I talk about bikes to get away from all of that nonsense. And when I come here, I know that's what I'm going to find - smart, passionate analysis, and intelligent, dedicated fans of the sport.
Well done, David.
Thoroughly deserved and a fitting recognition, which hopefully be reflected in a growing financial reward also, for the amount of time, effort and personal expense you have put in. Dorna should be paying you, not the other way around, for bringing the quality of reporting and analysis to the motoGp scene that mtm provides.
Keep up the great work, David.
If the civility of the tone is critical to your brand identity, I would like to apologize to the MSMA for referring to them as Yakuza and for insulting Mr. Nakamoto on a daily basis.
They deserve much worse for their abundant lack of imagination, and their inability to engender passion for MotoGP technology, but I recoil at the though of impairing your brand :)
I think insulting Nakamoto is
I think insulting Nakamoto is probably perfectly acceptable ... ;)
Without a Doubt
Bravo David - well deserved and Scott Jones' photos are the best!
Like so many of internet age neologisms, "blog" can take on meaning which shifts from person to person. In my book I think it means "cut through the crap" and thus can fully endorse you as a master. Possibly goes to explain why this site is the first bookmark on my ipad. Well done, well deserved. Congrats!
hey congrats! i love the
hey congrats!
i love the style of writings in these articles
In the States we give an "attaboy" for a job well done...
So, "attaboy," David. Without question, there is not a peer to be found on the web. As mentioned above, the site is a place to block out all of the noise and anger here in the States and read about what we love most.
I sincerely hope that the folks within DORNA, the MSMA and IRTA read 'Things MotoGP can Learn From F1' and our comments. Your article gave a voice to those that truly care about the sport and it was fantastic to read the exchange of ideas that went on for days within the "comments" section. Our sport needs fixing and fast. Your honest and critical writing shines a light that I hope those in power use to see they've created a disaster.
Thank you for keeping us entertained while keeping MotoGP honest.
lastly, I wish you put the "donate" link back up. So many times after reading a great write-up I want to contribute on the spot but can't!
Congrats and take care
Poetic justice
Pun intended!
Good to see the good guys do well.
Best of luck in 2013 and we will be reading!
Congratulations David !!!
Congratulations on a fantastic job. I´m glad this effort is recognised and rewarded. I read some blogs out there and I must say I consider your site much more than just a blog.
Also want to mention how much I enjoy Scott Jones Photography. I do hope both of you keep working together for many years. Wish you all the best for 2013.
"I have never felt comfortable being called a journalist - in truth, I feel I am a very mediocre journalist - preferring to regard myself as a writer instead."
I dont know what a "real" journalist should be, but what i know is that i love this site BECAUSE you're a writer
I'm so bored of reading all these "news" without any focus...
Congratulations To David and all the MotoMatters helpers
Another year almost over, the racing finished and barely a whiff of pertol fumes in the air. A great seasons racing in most classes both two wheel and four, the bikes are my passion but has anybody else ever wondered how fast would an F1 car lap Phillip Island?? They are just so fast!
To David and the MotoMatters crew congratulations on your award, and a throughly good job right through the season. Merry Christmas to all those who believe and happy times to those who do not. Looking forward to a happy and hopefully prosperous new year and then testing and racing again.
Seasons Greetings
P.S. Early Moto GP tips 1 Pedrosa
2 Lorenzo
3 Rossi
and Marquez to be 4th or 5th
Great pics from Scott, great comments from some but all of that would not be polarised around a site if not for you great writings!
This is more an achievement in a time where MotoGP only exciting bits come again from reviving Rossi - Stoner stuff (see the juxtaposition above).... so your ability to craft stories and add some layer of "taste" is even more welcome.
Congrats David
Congrats David. You bring up a good point about the word blog. I always thought it was sort of an independent opinion column with its own location in the web. Like others have said, Motomatters offers editorial commentary as well as race coverage, photography and technical insights. That seems more than blogging to me.
No matter, getting the recognition for superior content is the main thing.
Go BLOG yourself.
When I think of blogs, I think of long walks and short piers.
This ain't that, but it doesn't matter, the motomatters.
Its well deserved. I login here every morning at work to catch up with the world of 2 wheels.
Keep up the great job. Don't worry about definitions, just do what you do best.


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|Youth from Good Shepherd parish and their chaperon stop to pose for a picture in front the Texas during the World Youth Day held at Six Flags Over Texas Oct. 21.
Singing, worship, fellowship, and faith filled the Six Flags Over Texas Park on October 21 as the Dallas and Fort Worth dioceses celebrated World Youth Day together. The theme of the event was "We walk by faith and not by sight," from 2 Corinthians 5:7, coinciding with Pope Benedict XVI's Year of Faith.
Junior high and high school students flooded the theme park wearing colorful parish or diocesan World Youth Day t-shirts, each parish sporting a different color. The day began with games and thrill rides, followed by prayer, praise and worship with guests David Casey and Doug Tooke of Monarch Catholic Ministries at 4 p.m. More than 7,000 youth and their adult leaders attended Mass beginning at 5 p.m. with Bishop Kevin Vann and Dallas Diocese Auxiliary Bishop Mark Seitz.
Kevin Prevou, Diocesan Director of Youth, Young Adult, and Campus Ministry, said Six Flags is a great place to gather youth for this annual evangelical festivity. He invites those from both the Dallas and Fort Worth dioceses to attend, as well as youth from other dioceses, such as Austin and Tyler.
"It is at Six Flags because of the nature of the event: to celebrate the gift of youth for our Church and to evangelize to young people."
David Casey and Doug Tooke flew in from the Diocese of Helena in Montana to prepare and focus the youth on Christ before Mass began. They lead the congregation with music, a Gospel presentation, worship, and interactive storytelling. Tooke said he enjoys large youth gatherings because it is about worshiping God.
"It's about the Lord," said Tooke. "It's about coming to the table, recognizing the worth of God, getting to share the word and seeing the value of that."
Many youth and adult leaders told the North Texas Catholic why they enjoyed World Youth Day this year. Mackenzie Evans, a high school sophomore attending Immaculate Conception Catholic Church in Denton, said seeing so many Catholics from her diocese was an overwhelming experience.
"This is my fourth year going and I know it's fun," said Evans. "I just like being with a ton of other people."
John Waterworth, a seventh grader from Good Shepherd Catholic Church in Colleyville, said his favorite part of the event is gathering with his church group.
"I like roller coasters and I like worshiping," said Waterworth. "It's like two in one for twice the fun."
Teresa Montya, a chaperon for Good Shepherd, said this was her tenth time to attend World Youth Day at Six Flags. She said the Mass is a beautiful and moving experience.
"I think it's important that my children see an example, so I bring my kids every year so they see that it's bigger than just our community. It's a universal Church," said Montya.
Leslie Hayes, the CYO leader for St. Therese Catholic Church in Canton, comes every year from the Tyler Diocese. Hayes is a convert to Catholicism and thinks more dioceses should celebrate the United States observance of World Youth Day.
"If you don't strengthen the youth now, you've got nothing," said Hayes. "It's the same principle with freshman football. If you ignore them, but you're paying attention to your senior varsity players, in four years, your senior varsity will stink. It's the same thing with the Catholic youth. If you don't support them, they fall away."
Bishop Vann presented the homily for the World Youth Day Mass, focusing on a Christian Twitter feed based on the Gospel. The day then ended with a standing ovation honoring him for his work in the Diocese of Fort Worth.
Rebecca Martin, a parent and chaperon from St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Parish in Keller, said the most remarkable part of the Mass was Bishop Vann's homily.
"He connected with the youth — inspiring them to witness to the world via their generational tools — Facebook, Twitter, etc. They may have expected something less modern, but what they received was truly inspirational to their generation," said Martin. "And after a long applause for our bishop, he humbly stood to tell them he would miss them, and they are welcome to go to Disneyland anytime." (Disneyland is in Anaheim, California in the Diocese of Orange, where Bishop Vann will be installed as the ordinary, Dec. 10.)
Martin's 12-year-old daughter, Peyton, attended and said World Youth Day brought her closer to God.
"I learned how to trust Jesus more, and I became close to many strangers that God helped me meet and have the strength to be bold," she said.
David Casey emphasized that those taking part are called to carry the faith with them everywhere they go.
"This is something that has to continue, and the spirit of this in being vessels of the Lord has to continue throughout the week. See you next Sunday."
Singing, worship, fellowship, and faith filled the Six Flags Over Texas Park on October 21 as the Dallas and Fort Worth dioceses celebrated World Youth Day together. The theme of the event was "We walk by faith and not by sight," from 2 Corinthians 5:7, coinciding with Pope Benedict XVI's Year of Faith.


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Tag Archives: Babelfish
Babelfish Tattoo October 19, 2011
Posted in Books, Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.1 comment
A collection of the geekiest tattoos in the world!
Posted in Books, Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.1 comment
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The site is run almost entirely by Ed Hunsinger (aka @edrabbit), a body modification enthusiast and web geek out of San Francisco.
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Students urged to finish GED; changes due in 2014
BUFFALO, N.Y. — Adults who've begun working toward their GED are being urged to finish up this year, before the test for a high school equivalency diploma changes and they have to start all over.
GED Testing Service will introduce a new version of the test, given nationwide, on Jan. 1, 2014. Developers say the first major changes since 2002 will align the test with the new Common Core curricula adopted by most states to increase college and career readiness. It also will shift test-taking from pencil and paper to computer.
Joyce Monroe, 24, is feeling the pressure as she puts in dozens of hours in class every week at the Buffalo Educational Opportunity Center. Two practice tests showed she's ready for writing and science but needs slightly more work in math, along with social studies and language arts.
"I'm really trying to get in before it changes. I'm so close," said Monroe, who said she left high school before graduating for family reasons and is trying to set an example for her 5-year-old daughter. "I don't want to start all over. That would make me want to drop GED like I did high school."
Those who administer the test have begun to alert the million or so adults who have passed some but not all of the five parts of the current test to complete the missing sections by Dec. 31. If not, their scores will expire and they'll have to begin again under the new program Jan. 1.
"If they are in the pipeline, they need to get it done," said Dr. Danis Gehl, education director at the University at Buffalo's Educational Opportunity Center.
There is also financial incentive to complete the GED this year. At $120, the computer-based version is double the cost of the current test. Several states subsidize some or all of the expense but the student share is widely expected to rise.
About 700,000 people take the GED exam yearly in the United States, said Armando Diaz, spokesman for Washington-based GED Testing Service, the trademarked test's creator. About 72 percent passing to earn their states' high school equivalency credential. More than 1 million people are expected to try in 2013 in advance of the change, a number that could strain preparation programs and testing sites.
Although the General Education Development exam has undergone regular updates since being introduced in 1942, the upcoming changes are the most dramatic yet.
"We see that higher ed has new standards, the workforce, the economy's changing," said Diaz. "We decided it's time to completely give the testing program a facelift."
Instead of five sections, the test will be re-aligned into four: reasoning through language arts, mathematical reasoning, science and social studies. The current stand-alone essay section will be incorporated into writing assignments within the language arts and social studies sections, Diaz said.
"I don't think it's going to be a harder test, I just think we're testing different skills," he said.
Tashia Malone of Buffalo is taking no chances, spending her mornings at the Seneca Babcock Community Center's preparation class in hopes of sitting for the two-day test in May.
"I should have done it already. Procrastination is my middle name," said Malone, 34, who dropped out of high school when she became pregnant. "I heard it's going to be a lot harder and cost more next year so I want to get it in now."
EOC Executive Director Julius Gregg Adams suggested that adults unfamiliar with the Common Core standards, a uniform school curriculum heavier on writing and content analysis, may be more comfortable getting the test out of the way this year, though he's reluctant to say the new test will be harder.
"The current test more than likely reflects learning standards that individuals have been exposed to when they were in secondary education," he said. "The Common Core standards more than likely probably reflect standards that individuals have not been exposed to."
In New York City, the Fund for Public Advocacy-led Campaign to Finish has set up a hotline to refer students for tutoring, targeting those who've taken the test before but haven't passed all sections.
"It's going to be more difficult. It's going to cost more money next year, so I think that motivates people," said Juan Santos, 34, who is preparing for the GED in Methuen, Mass., with the goal of becoming a police officer in Florida. "I couldn't believe I waited so long."
While the GED, initially developed for U.S. military personnel who had not completed high school, is the pathway recognized by every state toward a high school equivalency diploma, New York and other states are exploring development of an alternative. Without the computer infrastructure statewide to test large numbers of people and one of the lowest pass rates in the nation, at 59.4 percent, New York has solicited bids for development of a test that would maintain the paper and pencil option for the time being and more slowly phase in the Common Core standards.
"We're trying to make the transition to the test a little more seamless, a little softer, not put so much stress on our programs, on our infrastructure and most especially our students," said Kevin Smith, the State Education Department deputy commissioner for adult career and continuing education.


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Resource Pack: Ancient Battle: HannibalAugust 21st, 2014
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Elgin, Scotland 21st August, 2014
Ancient Battle: Hannibal, the latest strategy wargame from Hunted Cow Studios and HexWar, is available now on iOS via the App Store, priced at $0.99/£0.69/€0.89 and the Mac App Store, priced at $6.99/£4.99/€5.99. The Mac version contains two extra campaigns which are only available as in-app purchases for the iOS version. The game is a major upgrade to the system developed for Ancient Battle: Rome, a game that was the No.1 strategy game on the App Store in 8 countries.
Grognard.com describes Ancient Battle: Hannibal as "One of the most stunning simulations I have ever laid eyes on." The game introduces many new game features, including multi-level hills to elevate your strategic opportunities when commanding vast armies.
Hannibal Barca was arguably the greatest general of the ancient world. Feared and respected across the ancient world, at the height of his power he commanded an army that brought Rome to its knees. Ancient Battle: Hannibal allows you to follow in his footsteps and re-fight many of the pivotal battles of the Punic Wars between Carthage and Rome.
The game features a tutorial campaign and two full campaigns, with two more available via in-app purchases. Each campaign highlights pivotal battles from Hannibal's career, including the decisive battles of Cannae and Lake Trasimene, the battle of Ilipa and his ultimate defeat at Zama. Players can also relive battles from the First Punic War, including the battle of Bagradas.
Ultimately, Hannibal was defeated, but with Ancient Battle: Hannibal, players have the opportunity to rewrite the history books and out-do one of the greatest generals in history.
Key Game Features:
- High Definition Ancient Era Graphics.
- 7 Mission 'Tutorial' campaign ending with a unique skirmish battle.
- 4 Mission 'Sicily' campaign, featuring battles from the First Punic War, including the battle of Bagradas.
- 8 Mission 'Italy' campaign featuring the decisive battles of Lake Trasimene and Cannae.
- 4 Mission 'Africa' campaign, featuring Hannibal's major defeat at the great battle of 'Zama'. (included in the Mac version, available via in-app purchase on iOS)
- 6 Mission 'Spain' campaign, ending the with the battle of Ilipa. (included in the Mac version, available via in-app purchase on iOS)
- All missions, except the tutorial, can be played as both sides.
- 38 Unique Ancient units including Roman Hastati, Spanish Scutarii, Bolt Throwers and Elephants.
- Four classes of infantry: Raw, Average, Veteran and Elite.
- Detailed Combat Analysis.
- Flank Attacks
- Strategic Movement.
- Hours of Gameplay.
- Game Center Achievements and Leaderboards.
- iCloud Saves (also compatible with the Mac version of the game). Map Zoom.
iOS App Store: Link
Mac App Store: Link
Web: www.huntedcow.com/hannibal
Facebook: www.facebook.com/huntedcow
Press Resources: https://www.huntedcow.com/press/hannibal
About Hunted Cow: Hunted Cow Studios is a leading game developer and publisher which was founded in 2003. Their most popular browser game is Fallen Sword which has attracted over four million players since its launch in 2006.
Hunted Cow's flagship 3D MMO Eldevin, originally a browser-only game, recently received a desktop client release and has been well received by gamers and critics alike.
Hunted Cow are also continually improving their other games, such as Fallen Sword, as well as releasing innovative strategy and roleplaying titles on mobiles and tablets.
Hunted Cow and HexWar have a strong portfolio of iOS games, including Tank Battle: North Africa, which won the "Game of the Week" award on Pocket Gamer.
Hunted Cow also prides itself on working with other talented developers to bring their games to a wider audience. Developers interested in discussing collaborations can email [email protected]
Website: http://www.hexwar.com
Hunted Cow
Craig Withers
Marketing and Social Media
E: [email protected]
Skype: d20shapedheart
Keith Martin-Smith
Games Master
E: [email protected]
Skype: hexwarkeith


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In one of the most prominent legal challenges to government intelligence gathering since the Edward Snowden disclosures, the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) has filed a lawsuit against four top Obama Administration officials. The case, known as ACLU v. Clapper, asks a federal judge to declare the entire metadata sharing program unlawful, halt it, and purge all related records.
On Thursday, Rep. James Sensenbrenner (R-WI), with representation from the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF), filed an amicus brief with the court. He noted that the vast data handover is not at all what Congress intended to happen. And Sensenbrenner should know, too, because he authored the Patriot Act in October 2001 and supported its subsequent reauthorizations. In particular, Section 215 of that law, which expanded government surveillance power of business records, is what the government argues gives it the authority to collect metadata in bulk.
Sensenbrenner writes:
The vast majority of the records collected will have no relation to the investigation of terrorism at all. This collection of millions of unrelated records is built-in to the mass call collection program. Defendants' theory of "relevance" is simply beyond any reasonable understanding of the word. And it certainly is not what amicus intended the word to mean.
Defendants do not explain why Congress would have enacted such meaningless provisions. The bulk data collection program is unbounded in its scope. The NSA is gathering on a daily basis the details of every call that every American makes, as well as every call made by foreigners to or from the United States. How can every call that every American makes or receives be relevant to a specific investigation?
In previous court filings, the government has relied on a well-established (but increasingly challenged) part of American case-law known as the "third-party doctrine." This notion says that when a person has voluntarily disclosed information to a third party—in this case, the telco—the customer no longer has a reasonable expectation of privacy over numbers dialed or call duration. Therefore, this doctrine argues, such metadata can be accessed by law enforcement with essentially no problem.
Also on Thursday other amici joined the ACLU v. Clapper case, including Michael Lynch, a professor of philosophy at the University of Connecticut, the Reporters Committee for the Freedom of the Press, and the National Rifle Association (NRA). The NRA even argued that the creation of a vast phone records database constituted a de facto gun owners' list.
"Under the government's reading of Section 215, the government could simply demand the periodic submission of all firearms dealers' transaction records, then centralize them in a database indexed by the buyers' names for later searching," the NRA writes in its filing.


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Spend enough time on sports boards and you start to absorb a multimedia shorthand. Someone asks why Raul Ibañez is a defensive liability, and you automatically post an animated gif of his laser-like throw from the outfield right into the dirt eight feet in front of him. Someone wonders why people dislike Laker fans, and you must choose: The Lakers Bros or, "Lakers .... Llllllllllllakers!"
Or, better yet, a fan screams bloody murder about a bad NFL call that was obviously correct, and some patient soul posts a link to the Amazon page for this: Chris Schenkel's 1964 self-help book, How to Watch Football on Television. You don't even think of it as a book, really; you internalize the reference as a burn and not an object its own. But, between laughing at it for years and the $0.15 price, eventually I thought, "Reading it couldn't hurt, right?"
As we near kickoff for the most-watched football (and most-watched-by-people-who-don't-understand-football) game of the year, I began to wonder if maybe it was still a book that could help everyone.
"I'm Reading Ironically"
Like a lot of people, I've reconciled myself to the idea that not only is much of what we experience crummy but also pitched to us as somehow desirable. Almost every generation of humanity preceding the recent few were worse off than we are, but nobody sold the experience to them. If someone had a megaphone at Depression-era bread lines touting to hungry people the UNIQUE, PERSONALIZED BREAD EXPERIENCE YOU WILL ONLY GET FROM PLUTOBANK'S CHARITY CUSTOMER CARE, America would have been burned to the ground.
If anything, this probably explains the modern tendency to watch white conservative rappers on YouTube or to stay up late on Twitter and watch Strippers vs. Werewolves with a complete stranger just to check its accuracy. (I am an expert in Lycanthropy.) If we accept that much of what we process is bad, there's something empowering about choosing the badness ourselves and watching on our own terms. Plus, sometimes it's transcendent. Like Gymkata.
Which is to say that a book like How to Watch Football on Television instantly seems entertaining far beyond its purported helpfulness. You can just look at the cover and know that, beyond maybe coming away better at diagramming X's and O's, there is going to be some kinda goddamn lunkheadedly Dobie Gillis-levels of earnestness that will either seem funny as hell or beamed from another planet. This is an artifact from an America where people still considered it rude not to take most things seriously. My God.
I Am Trying to Inform Your Heart
At 110 pages of patient explanation, plus glossary and a foreword by Otto Graham, How to Watch Football on Television is predictably earnest from the first page, and it would take a heart of stone to laugh at its good intentions. Within a few pages, any urge to laugh or to treat the book on anything except its own terms disappears.
The dust jacket cover features the New York Giants' offensive line squaring off against the Detroit Lions' defensive line in one of those classic "war in the trenches" moments before the snap. On the bottom right of the hardback cover itself is a blue rectangle, about a quarter the size of the book, shaped like an old television screen. On it, one sees a football player on the ground, one defender tackling another player whose arm is upraised, one man in full-arm extension as if throwing, and another approaching them with arms outstretched. It's football as offertory, the glory of the human form, sacrifice and ecstasy. If it had been printed on any book made in the last 25 years, it would be instantly hilarious. Here, it can't possibly be.
The first chapter, "The Evolution of Today's Football," establishes the terms of the book. Schenkel runs down the development of modern football television contracts, the establishment of a reliable, competitive schedule, the creation of the modern draft, and the televised audience response. He sounds as stunned as anyone that executives paid $22 million to broadcast football games in 1964.
Certainly money figured somewhere in Schenkel's designs in writing the book. He was a play-by-play man for the Giants and only stood to gain from a wider, football-savvier audience. But all self-help books are mercenary at heart. At least this one is correct and written by someone who actually understood how football appears on television. (It could have been written by the mid-1960s equivalent of this guy, for God's sake.) And Schenkel himself seems as happy to be there as anybody. It's impossible not to share a little in the evident pleasure he takes in writing this book, of all possible books.
This is why it still works for a modern audience. Schenkel's tone in describing football is positive and proud, like a dad beaming at seeing his adolescent son growing sophisticated and at ease with the world. It's written without the faux-poetical tones of an NFL Films John Facenda voiceover, before a time when people started sincerely believing the dramatic narration designed to make clip shows seem of epic significance. How to Watch Football on Television makes sense to us because it's written before the era of heroic NFL self-congratulation, self-mythologizing, and over-marketed bullshit that we all learned to stop taking seriously at some point in the last 15 years or so. That serious football is war and war is hell cover photograph and the cover illustration of players in extremis can still speak to a cynical heart because they were created three years before the first Super Bowl and without the finger-on-the-scale marketing significance of 50 years of promotion.
Ye Olde Foot-Ball
Naturally, a lot what makes a guidebook work in 1964 will seem horribly inapt early 50 years later, and Chris Schenkel's football universe appears hopelessly simple by comparison. Unlike baseball, whose gameplay remains essentially unchanged over the same period, Schenkel mentions that players play on offense or defense as a development that some readers might be unaware of.
The rest of the world seems unreal to modern eyes.
On Page 1, Schenkel describes the sybaritic delights of the Yankee Stadium locker room, with each player "assigned to a walk-in stall with enough room not only for clothes and equipment but for all the razor blades, shaving cream, and non-greasy adult stuff he'd care to endorse." On the next page, he effuses, "I'm sure that when the first group of admitted professionals played their inaugural game in 1895, none of them ever imagined that one day players would dress for a game in a locker room with wall-to-wall carpeting." Wall-to-wall carpeting! If Schenkel had gone on to rave about how even second-stringers had access to antibiotics, you'd throw the book at the wall. There is no way that it could be real.
The players themselves are different. Green Bay defensive tackle Dave Hanner "is a soil conservationist in the offseason," Schenkel writes, because of course he is. At least this aspect of the book aged fairly well. In Super Bowl XXIII, after the 49ers' game-winning touchdown, Dick Enberg described the man who caught the ball as, "John Taylor, who sells cars in the offseason for Reggie Jackson." That was January 1989.
Other archaisms are less cultural and financial and more a reflection of the basic structure of football. "Each of the teams in the NFL uses a basic 'T' formation, strong to one side," Schenkel writes, "because it's the the only proved offense that keeps the defense undecided between a pass or a run." Later, he writes: "All plays in the National Football League are designed to be run against a 4-3 defense."
Schenkel writes about flankers, not wide receivers, and he describes the pass-happy Giants offense as a relative novelty. Defense is, by far, the most unfamiliar to the reader. There is no zone blitz. In Schenkel's version of the game, defense is a man-to-man affair, almost wholly governed by which set of individuals is stronger or craftier. What scheming there is amounts to "red-dogging," which is to say, "blitzing." Quarterbacks can overcome the red-dog threat by going to "automatics," i.e. "audibles."
The zone defense itself is such a rarity—still awaiting the AFL style and guys like the Mad Bomber Daryle LaMonica to make them an every-down scheme—that there is exactly one paragraph on "Combating the Zone Defense," 52 pages into the book. Here is all you need to know: "The secret of penetrating a zone defense seems to lie in the ability of the quarterback to call a play which will take a defensive man out of his zone." Thank you, Mr. Buck.
49 Years Is Not So Long Ago
There are other dated aspects of the book that leap off the page, but it seems too easy to impugn it on those points. Yes, there is a casual early-1960s sexism about curvy cheerleaders (multiple mentions) or the fact that your wife will be serving you and your neighbor your favorite snacks at home during the game. Unless you're some kind of crazy social leveler. "You might even permit the presence of your wife and kids," Schenkel says in the closing paragraph, "since they now know all about the game from reading this book." Holy crap, women can read?
But there are many other points of the book that seem familiar. Some of them are fairly obvious. Schenkel describes calling games next to Pat Summerall, and you realize just how long that guy was on television. Product oversaturation is another obvious evergreen, with Schenkel quoting Johnny Unitas's observation that "people are going to get tired of seeing so much pro football on television. Part of the lure has been the fact that it hasn't been easily attainable for the fans." He sounds like every change-resistant grouch who greeted Thursday Night Football and the RedZone Channel. "Maybe so," says Schenkel, in a timeless reply, "but the public right now is demanding it."
Schenkel is also a classic homer, which comes through on the page whenever a Giants player is mentioned. You can tell, because all the adjectives preceding or following the name carry an "-est" suffix. Not being old enough to remember Schenkel on air, I wanted to check to see if perhaps the timing of the book's writing resulted in a lot of praise for contemporary stars from a Giants team packed with them, or if this was just a Schenkel tic. I come from a long line of haters, and when I called family and said, "I am reading a book on football by Chris Schenkel," each one, unprovoked, said, "He's the worst." When I pressed for clarification, I was told, "Oh, call your cousin ___. He hates him more than I do." After getting passed along the hater chain, I was finally furnished with a high falsetto improvised song, whose lyrics were:
O, the Giants!
The Giants!
The Giants!
Frank Gifford!
I love him so much!
There was also a long exchange about Schenkel's broadcast career with PBA Bowling, which was unprintable.
Other through-notes aren't so clear. Referring to Green Bay Packers guard Jerry Kramer, Schenkel writes,
By the time he reached his twenty-seventh birthday last year, Kramer had been hospitalized for a detached retina, an eight-inch wood splinter in his groin, several broken bones and vertebrae, a shotgun injury, and an automobile accident in which the car rolled over his body.
Beyond the butcher's bill aspect of the NFL, a litany of nightmarish physical abuses stretched across the league's existence, there's the subtler matter of noting that football players making bad decisions is fairly timeless. What the hell was Jerry Kramer was doing in the offseason? Every Caste Football yahoo who wants to make a racist point about Plaxico Burress or Donte Stallworth and "NFL thugs" is welcome to riddle out how somebody gets eight inches of wood shoved into his groin, how the shotgun injury happened, how Kramer wound up with the car rolling over him, which event came first, and whether he considered making some personal lifestyle changes.
But the truest statement in the book comes early on. While the animating purpose of the NFL was elided by decades of NFL Films and hacky Grantland Rice-esque melodrama, Schenkel frankly describes the league thus:
Football is big business. For the owners and shareholders, it's another money-making venture. For the coaches and players, it's their way of earning a living. The pro doesn't subject his body to a severe pummeling week after week. [...] in response to the enthusiasm of a dozen curvy cheerleaders and for the glory of the old university. The pro gives the lumps and absorbs the bruises for his own individual paycheck. He fights for his team to win, but he has the necessary resources to promote his own cause as well. [...] The professional football player's desire to win is largely economic.
This was written at a point when the institution of football should have been the most naïve about itself. What's sad is that it grew into its naïvete, nurturing and developing its own poetical credulity even as the product became more sophisticated. If Jon Gruden or Joe Buck or Bob Costas (when he's in his "Hurling Great Thoughts Down From Olympus At You" mode) had to read something so frankly hostile to delusive myth as that passage, they would explode on air. And maybe they should.
Will This Book Help Me Watch Football on Television?
Yes, although to be fair, this book could have been titled, How to Watch Football with Your Eyes and not specified the location or medium. While you will learn nothing of zone blitzes, quarterback reads, and complex scheming—for that, look to Collinsworth, Mayock, or Jaworski—the book is still helpful and accurate in terms of football's rudiments. Plus, the $0.15 price point is still a total bargain.
"Mobutu Sese Seko" is a writer. Know of any other weird old sports books? Drop a line.


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Human Resources Management Employment Law assignment
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1. Predict the winner of ONE of the listed matchups.
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Solaun builds on experience abroad
As good as she has been her first two years at Florida — and she has been very good — the best is yet to come for UF junior Havana Solaun.
After earning Southeastern Conference All-Freshman honors in 2011, Solaun, a former Buchholz High School standout who was a three-time, first-team All-Area pick of the Sun, started all but one match as a sophomore last season and finished second on the team in scoring to two-time All-American and 2012 SEC Offensive Player of the Year Erika Tymrak.
Now, following a spring in which she gained some valuable international experience playing in Spain with the U.S. Under-23 Women's National Team, Solaun is poised to step into the spotlight.
"That was just an amazing experience in Spain, being surrounded by so many great players and great coaches," Solaun said. "It was nice to represent the Gators and have such a great experience.
"It definitely helped build my confidence, but the main thing is you learn a lot. It was such a diverse group of players from colleges all across the country, and that really helps widen your view on the game."
UF coach Becky Burleigh is well aware of the potential benefits.
"That's hard, to go into a brand new environment with a team at an event in a foreign country, but I thought Havana handled it really well," she said. "It was a terrific experience, and we're looking for her to carry that forward with us this year."
The Gators graduated a stellar, five-member senior class from last year's SEC Championship squad, four of whom (Tymrak, Kathryn Williamson, Holly King and Jo Dragotta) were selected in the first three rounds of the inaugural National Women's Soccer League professional draft.
"Havana is sort of a quiet leader by example, and I think she will probably play a bigger role with some of those personalities gone," Burleigh said. "But she's still going to do it in her style, and I think our team really appreciates the way that she leads."
A strong and disciplined work ethic, dating back to her middle school and high school days when Solaun had daily chores that included milking the cows on the family farm outside of town, have definitely paid dividends.
"I think that the farm taught me so many things that carry over to soccer and just to life in general," Solaun said. "When I was going through it, it was so tedious, and I hated getting up so early every morning. But the lessons that I learned, I'll carry those with me throughout my whole life.
"You learn about responsibility. You have to wake up in the morning and go do your chores because everybody relies on you, and learning those lessons has definitely contributed to my success."
This is one success story that seems destined for lofty heights.
"Havana just keeps emerging more and more," Burleigh said. "I mean, this preseason has been by far her best. I think she is gaining confidence, and she also is realizing how good she is. She is really a class player, and I think people are going to see that this season."
Solaun and her UF teammates, ranked No. 9 nationally in the preseason, open the regular season at 7 p.m. Friday at home against Florida Gulf Coast.
"I am very excited about the team this year," Solaun said. "We're a young team and we lost a huge senior class, but so many people are stepping up. I think it's going to be a really good season."
Who: Florida Gulf Coast at No. 9 Florida When: 7 p.m. Where: James G. Pressly Stadium Radio: AM-850


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Deadline: 31 October 2018
Open to: writers, translators and scholars in the field of humanities, from outside Iceland
Benefits: travel expenses to and from Iceland, plus living expenses while in the country
Annually The Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies invites applications for the Snorri Sturluson Icelandic Fellowships.
The Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies advertises the Fellowships, handles applications, and assists Fellows during their stay in Iceland, at the conclusion of which Fellows are expected to submit a report to the Institute on how the grant was spent.
The Snorri Sturluson Fellowships are awarded once a year. A special three-man committee, comprising representatives of the Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, the University of Iceland Literary Institute, and the Writers' Association of Iceland, awards the fellowships.
The Snorri Sturluson Fellowships are granted to writers, translators and scholars (not to university students) in the field of humanities, from outside Iceland, to enable them to stay in Iceland for a period of at least three months, in order to improve their knowledge of the Icelandic language, culture and society.
Should two equally-qualified candidates be under consideration, preference will, as a rule, be given to a candidate from Eastern or Southern Europe, Asia, Africa, Latin America or Oceania.
The amount of the Fellowships is based in principle on travel expenses to and from Iceland, plus living expenses while in the country.
How to apply?
There are no special application forms for the Fellowships. Applicants should submit a brief but thorough account of the purpose of their stay in Iceland, specifying a period of stay, as well as details of education and publications.
Applications should be sent by ordinary mail (no e-mail application).
For further information please visit the official website.


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Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) for Cancer Treatment
]]>Biologic Therapies]]> | Bone Marrow Transplant | ]]>Chemotherapy]]> | ]]>Hormonal Therapy]]> | ]]>Managing Side Effects]]> | ]]>Radiation]]> | ]]>Surgery]]>
In the process of ]]>bone marrow transplantation]]> (BMT), healthy donor bone marrow is used to replace the damaged bone marrow of a recipient. Bone marrow can be harmed by disease, such as ]]>leukemia]]> , ]]>lymphoma]]> , ]]>myelodysplastic syndromes]]> , and myeloma. Healthy bone marrow is essential for replenishing red blood cells, fighting infections, and clotting blood.
BMT was first attempted as far back as the early 19th century. Bone marrow was injected and even fed to patients in an attempt to treat some diseases. Although some positive results occurred, they were poorly understood. By the 1950s there was a renewed interest in BMT, and by 1968, the first marrow transplant from a matched sibling was performed. Nowadays, more than 4,500 people in the United States get bone marrow transplants every year.
- ]]>How does bone marrow transplantation work?]]>
- ]]>What is bone marrow transplantation used for?]]>
- ]]>What are the types of bone marrow transplantation?]]>
- ]]>What does bone marrow transplantation involve?]]>
- ]]>What adverse effects can occur with bone marrow transplantation?]]>
- ]]>Which cancers is bone marrow transplantation used to treat?]]>
How Does Bone Marrow Transplantation Work?
Bone marrow is a soft, sponge-like material found inside certain bones, such as the heads of the femur (thigh bone) and humerus (arm bone), the sternum (breast bone), and the hip bones. Bone marrow contains immature cells called stem cells. Stem cells can divide to form more stem cells or they can mature into blood cells:
- White blood cells—fight infection
- Red blood cells—carry oxygen to and remove carbon dioxide from organs and tissues
- Platelets—enable the blood to clot
Stem cells are predominately found in the bone marrow, but some occupy the bloodstream. These are called peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs). If PBSCs are used in the transplant, it is referred to as peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). Umbilical cord blood also contains stem cells that can be used in stem cell transplantation.
When stem cells are transplanted, they enter your peripheral blood stream and travel to your bone marrow where they replace damaged stem cells and begin to make healthy blood cells. One advantage of using stem cells is that they can rapidly repopulate the full complement of blood and immune cells. Interestingly, it seems that the implanted stem cells find their own way to your bone marrow, as if they have a homing mechanism in place.
What Is Bone Marrow Transplantation Used for?
Chemotherapy]]> and ]]>radiation therapy]]> are effective against cancers because they destroy rapidly dividing cells. One of the most serious adverse effects associated with these forms of cancer treatment, particularly high-dose chemotherapy, is the destruction of healthy stem cells in the bone marrow. These healthy stem cells, like cancer cells, divide rapidly. The destruction of healthy stem cells is called myelosuppression. It can lead to a life threatening reduction of red and white blood cells and platelets.
In some cases, high-dose chemotherapy or radiation is used to purposely destroy the bone marrow as a means of treating cancers that originate there. These cancers include the leukemias and lymphomas. In other cases, the bone marrow is destroyed as a side effect of high-dose chemotherapy targeting cancers elsewhere in the body. Examples include metastatic ]]>breast cancers]]> and small cell lung cancers.
BMT is never planned to reverse side effects secondary to other therapies. BMT is used to sterilize the host bone marrow and then replace it with healthy, nonmalignant cells. When the bone marrow is entirely destroyed by chemotherapy in a nonpurposeful manner (ie, as an undesired side effect), BMT cannot reverse this condition, and death results.
BMT and PBSCT are most frequently used in the treatment of the following cancers:
- ]]>Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)]]>
- ]]>Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)]]>
- ]]>Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)]]>
- ]]>Hodgkin's lymphoma]]>
- ]]>Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma]]>
The roles of BMT and PBSCT are under investigation for the following cancers:
- ]]>Multiple myeloma]]>
- ]]>Breast cancer]]>
- ]]>Testicular cancer]]>
- ]]>Ewing's sarcoma]]>
- ]]>Wilms' tumor]]>
- ]]>Malignant melanoma]]>
- ]]>Lung cancer]]>
- ]]>Brain cancer]]>
- ]]>Ovarian cancer]]>
What Are the Types of Bone Marrow Transplantation?
Autologous Transplant
In an autologous transplant, stem cells from your own peripheral blood or bone marrow are collected (harvested). They are placed in frozen storage (cryopreserved) prior to treatment of the cancer with high-dose chemotherapy. Once chemotherapy treatment is complete, the stem cells are reinfused (put back into your body). The stem cells will restore the bone marrow. The new blood marrow can restore production of red and white blood cells and platelets.
Prior to reinfusion, healthy stem cells are separated from any cancer cells that may be present in the harvested bone marrow. This is done to avoid reintroducing cancer cells into the bone marrow. However, it has never been shown that this filtering process is either required or effective.
Allogeneic Transplant
In an allogeneic transplant, you receive someone else's stem cells. The donor's tissue type (which is different than blood type) must closely match yours. There are several types of allogeneic transplants, including the following:
- Syngeneic—The donor is your identical twin.
- Related—The donor is related to you, usually your sibling.
- Unrelated—The donor is no relation to you.
Only an identical twin has the same exact tissue type as your own. Any other sibling with the same biological mother and father has a 25% chance of matching your tissue type. If no one in your family is a match, your doctor can search for a donor in the National Marrow Donor Program's Registry of 4.5 million adult volunteer donors and 15,000 umbilical cord blood units.
Survival Rates
The following tables list approximate 5-year disease-free survival rates for autologous and allogeneic transplants. Disease-free survival means that you are alive without any evidence that your disease or cancer has come back.
|5-year Disease Free Survival
|AML (1st complete remission)*
|40% to 50%
|AML (2nd complete remission)
|30% to 40%
|ALL (1st complete remission)
|40% to 50%
|ALL (2nd complete remission)
|Hodgkin's lymphoma
|20% to 60%
|Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
|40% to 60%
*Complete remission (CR) is a decrease in tumor burden by several orders of magnitude. In addition, bone marrow examinations and peripheral blood counts are normal and there is no detectable leukemia elsewhere in the body.
|5-year Disease Free Survival
|AML (1st complete remission)
|50% to 65%
|AML (after 1st complete remission)
|25% to 35%
|ALL (1st complete remission)
|40% to 60%
|ALL (2nd complete remission)
|30% to 60%
|CML (chronic)
|CML (Accelerated)
|30% to 45%
|CML (blastic)
|Hodgkin's lymphoma
|25% to 55%
|Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
|20% to 65%
Source: Otto SE. Oncology Nursing ; 2001.
What Does Bone Marrow Transplantation Involve?
Obtaining Bone Marrow
Whether the transplant is allogeneic or autologous, the procedure for harvesting the bone marrow is similar. The donor (which can be you or someone else) is given local anesthesia. Several small cuts are made in the skin over the area where the marrow will be removed (for example, the hip). A large needle is inserted through the cuts and into the center of the bone to withdraw the bone marrow. This process takes about one to two hours.
The harvested bone marrow is processed to remove blood and bone fragments. If the transplant is autologous, usable stem cells must be separated from any residual cancer cells. In the past, the harvested cells were mixed with chemotherapeutic agents or monoclonal antibodies. Since this purging process tended to remove some healthy stem cells along with the cancer cells, it is currently being replaced with other techniques that identify wanted cells, separate them out, and discard the cancer cells.
For an autologous transplant, the marrow may be immediately transfused back into you or cryopreserved (frozen) for many years. For an allogeneic transplant, the marrow is mixed with the preservative DMSO and cryopreserved until it is transplanted.
Obtaining Peripheral Blood Stem Cells
A process called apheresis or leukopheresis is used to obtain peripheral blood stem cells for transplant. For four to five days before the procedure, the donor (which can be you or someone else) may be given medication to increase the number of stem cells released into the blood stream.
During apheresis, a catheter is placed in a large vein in the neck or chest area or a needle is placed into a large vein in the arm. Blood is removed and sent through a machine that removes the stem cells. The blood is returned to the donor and the collected stem cells are stored. Apheresis takes about four to five hours. The collected cells, which may require treatment to remove unwanted cells, are frozen until they are transplanted.
Peripheral blood stem cell collection is now the preferred method of harvesting stem cells for transplant.
Transplanting the Stem Cells
Details of the transplantation procedure vary with the cancer being treated. To prepare your body to receive the transplant, a conditioning regimen is generally required prior to any transplant. This involves the use of radiation therapy and/or high-dose chemotherapy in order to destroy the original cancer and create space in the marrow cavity for the transplanted stem cells to grow and replicate.
After the conditioning regimen, you will receive the stem cells through a central venous catheter, which is usually placed in the chest or neck. This part of the procedure is called the rescue process.
What Adverse Effects Can Occur With Bone Marrow Transplantation?
You may experience side effects associated with the transplant procedure. Most adverse events are caused by the conditioning regimen. The major complications associated with transplantation are:
- Graft failure or rejection
- Infection
- Pneumonitis
- Veno-occlusive disease
- Graft-versus-host disease
- Disease recurrence
- Short-term side effects
- Death
Graft Failure
Graft failure or rejection is the failure of marrow recovery to return or the loss of marrow function after the initial period of recovery. It is a relatively rare occurrence, with an incidence of 5% to 15%. If this occurs, your doctor may consider retransplantation.
Infection is the most common side effect of transplantation. Fifty percent of all infections occur in the first four to six weeks following transplantation. Usually, it is bacteria from your skin or gastrointestinal tract that leads to infection. Fever is the main symptom.
Fungal infections occur, but are far less common and account for about 10% to 15% of systemic infection. Symptoms of a fungal infection include a dry, unproductive cough and change in breathing sounds. You may be given fluconazole (an antifungal agent) to prevent infection.
Viral infections can occur too. Herpes simplex virus]]> (HSV), which lies dormant in many people, may be reactivated. Other viruses associated with transplantation include ]]>cytomegalovirus]]> and varicella-zoster virus. You may be given antiviral medication to help prevent or treat these infections.
To help prevent infection, your healthcare team will likely do the following:
- Maintain a protective environment
- Help you maintain good hygiene
- Frequently monitor your vital signs and perform complete examinations
Interstitial pneumonitis accounts for 40% of transplant deaths. This type of pneumonia usually occurs within the first 100 days of the transplant. Bacterial infections account for 20% to 50% of cases. The most common viral cause is cytomegalovirus. Risk factors for developing interstitial pneumonitis include the following:
- Use of immunosuppressant drugs.
- Lung damage, which can result from the radiation used in the conditioning regimen.
- Total body irradiation.
- Presence of opportunistic infections—These are infections that take advantage of the fact that the body's normal defenses are compromised. Normally, your immune system would be able to fight these infections.
Symptoms include fever; dry, unproductive cough; and shortness of breath. Pneumonitis is managed with medications.
Veno-occlusive Disease (VOD)
Veno-occlusive disease (VOD) is a complication of the conditioning regimen for BMT. It occurs in about 20% of people undergoing allogeneic BMT and 10% of people undergoing autologous BMT. In VOD, there is occlusion (complete blockage) of the central veins of the liver, which results in venous congestion and damage to the liver cells. Symptoms include weight gain, enlarged liver, pain in the upper abdomen, high blood bilirubin levels, and ascites (fluid accumulation in the spaces between the tissues and organs in the abdomen).
Graft-versus-Host Disease (GVHD)
Graft-versus-host disease, an immune-mediated reaction, can occur after an allogeneic transplant. The white blood cells in the donor marrow identify your cells as foreign and attack them. This condition is usually treated with steroids or other immunosuppressive agents.
GVHD is divided into acute and chronic:
- Acute—This occurs within 100 days of transplant. Target organs are the skin, the gastrointestinal tract, and the liver.
- Chronic—This typically occurs more than 100 days after transplant. Almost every organ can be affected by chronic GVHD.
Cancer Recurrence
Cancer recurrence (relapse) is the most significant problem after BMT. Relapse is more common after an autologous transplant. This may be due to "hidden" malignant cells in the transplanted stem cells. Disease recurrence is the major factor related to long-term mortality, which means death more than three months after transplant.
Short-Term Side Effects
Some short-term side effects that you may experience while undergoing this procedure include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, loss of appetite, mouth sores, hair loss, and skin reactions. Additional side effects may occur. Talk with your healthcare provider for information and details specific to your treatment regimen.
Which Cancers Is Bone Marrow Transplantation Used to Treat?
For details on the use of bone marrow transplantation for specific cancers, see the following articles:
Hodgkin's lymphoma]]>
]]>Multiple myeloma]]>
]]>Myelodysplastic syndrome]]>
]]>Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma]]>
Bone marrow transplantation and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation: questions and answers. National Cancer Institute website. Available at: http://cis.nci.nih.gov/fact/7_41.htm . Accessed December 7, 2002.
DeVita VT, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA, eds. Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001:2779-2793.
Otto SE. Oncology Nursing. 4th ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby, Inc; 2001: 731-759.
Last reviewed April 2009 by ]]>Igor Puzanov, MD]]>
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
Copyright © 2007 EBSCO Publishing All rights reserved.


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