text:
The audit chamber has published the full text of the report on the audit of the innovation center "SKOLKOVO", which was held in conjunction with the FSB from November 2015 to June 2016. According to the results of inspection of audit chamber asked the Prosecutor General's office, said in the annotation to the document. Appeal to the Prosecutor General sent, if the auditors see a violation of the law during inspections, said the source in the chamber. The Prosecutor's office sent a representation to the President of Fund "SKOLKOVO" on the facts of the unreasonable spending of grants to individual participants of the project, reported the press service of the accounting chamber in response to the request , but other claims are not filed.
Checking accounts chamber covered the period from 2013 to 2015. During this time, the Federal budget spent on the project to 58.6 billion rubles, and budget subsidies accounted for the lion's share of the income of the Fund "SKOLKOVO" — about 78%, although by law, the Fund must live mainly on their own funds, indicate the auditors. Another 5.7 billion rubles (nearly 7% of income) "SKOLKOVO" has received from placing of budget money on Bank accounts. Private operations has brought the Fund only 4.5% of income.
Gosdeneg more than you need
"SKOLKOVO" has always received from the budget more than he needed: for example, for 2013 the Fund has spent 2 billion rubles less than the balance that was on its accounts in the beginning of 2013 (23 billion rubles), it is clear from the report of the accounting chamber. However, in the same year the Foundation received more budget of 13.5 billion rubles In 2014, the budget financing of SKOLKOVO was 41.2 billion rubles at a cost of 22 billion rubles, and in 2015 — 38,6 billion roubles at a cost of 22 billion rubles. Liability for unjustified grants of "SKOLKOVO" the chamber imposes on the Ministry of Finance, which is "performed improperly monitoring function in respect of the Fund.
In the project "SKOLKOVO" is invested not only budget funds and extrabudgetary incomes of Fund "SKOLKOVO", but also private investment, argues senior Vice President for external communications and advertising, SKOLKOVO Foundation Alexander Chernov. So, at the end of 2015, investors are obliged to invest 86 billion rubles in infrastructure of the project, and the funding investors shall not be less than 170,8 billion rubles, he said .
The Ministry of Finance, in the opinion of the auditors, also violated the law on budget for 2016 to allow SKOLKOVO to return to the Treasury of 658 million rubles transferred in foreign currency. About what SKOLKOVO do not need to repay located in currency Bank accounts, budget money, in particular, was stated in the letter of the Director of the Department of budget methodology of the Ministry of Finance Sergey Romanov, quoted by the chamber. The same position and the Deputy Minister of Finance Andrey Ivanov, the audit says. The Ministry of Finance on the request is not answered.
The Fund received interest on the balances on its current account in accordance with the law, confirmed the "SKOLKOVO" . All of this income taxes paid, deliberately no operations budget money for the sake of obtaining income, the Fund did not commit, the message of the Foundation. Revenues directed to the development of the project and helped the Fund to minimize the impact of inflation in the construction of its infrastructure, and explains the "SKOLKOVO". Part of the budget subsidies were translated into foreign currency for current settlements with foreign counterparties; SKOLKOVO was ready to return to the budget the money in 2016 along with the ruble remains a subsidy, but this proved impossible — the Federal Treasury serves only ruble accounts, explained the Fund .
Indicative Savings Bank
According to reports, the "SKOLKOVO" significantly exceeds many of the performance indicators, but to objectively assess the achievements of the Fund cannot, as methodology for determining targets of the project, the Ministry of Finance approved only in December 2015, indicates the chamber. In addition, one of the performance indicators — revenue companies participating in the project — 40% formed at the expense of one such party, subsidiaries of Sberbank, ZAO "Sberbank Technology", cite the example of the auditors. The revenue of this company amounted to 32.2 billion rubles., but all of its technological solutions is only for Sberbank, noted in the report. Another 37.2 per cent of revenue accounted for 36 of the participants of the project (SKOLKOVO participate 1432 of the company), but six of them among the activities not on research, although participation in the project "SKOLKOVO" it provides.
In General, there is a risk of lack of communication between sales and development activities of several participants of the "SKOLKOVO", according to the auditors. As an example they cite the company "of mirriko Service" which was announced as a developer of technology that facilitates the transportation of oil, although these products are manufactured and sold in 2010.
11 of the 36 companies showing the highest revenue (more than 100 million rubles.), belong to organizations registered in offshore zones in Cyprus and the British virgin Islands, found the auditors. To assess the real scale of withdrawal of funds through these companies, the auditors found it difficult.
Participants of the project "SKOLKOVO" will receive the benefits on payment of customs duties and preferential treatment in taxation, reminiscent of the chamber. How much it loses the budget, never was not significantly estimated. The Federal tax service estimate forgone budget amounts from land tax (2.4 million RUB in 2013, 431 mln. in 2014) and tax on property of organizations (36 million and 62 million rubles, respectively). The Fund has estimated the amount of benefits under tax on profit of organizations (909 mln in 2014 and 958 mln in 2015) and insurance premiums — 1.8 billion rubles.
Prosecutors are dosledstvennaja check against participants of the SKOLKOVO project — "Organic lighting solutions, LLC "Pharma Bio" on the facts of the unreasonable spending of grants, know the representative of the chamber. The state office of public Prosecutor has directed representation to the President of Fund "SKOLKOVO" in connection with these facts. Managing company "SKOLKOVO" too long did not take a decision on early withdrawal of status of the project participants against the violators of the rules, which also broke the law about "SKOLKOVO", said the Prosecutor General. Consideration of the submission and inspections control of itself the Prosecutor General's office and the Prosecutor's office of Moscow and St. Petersburg, it is told in the message of audit chamber.
MA does not help
For three years, "SKOLKOVO" has spent nearly 12 billion by the creation of a "SKOLKOVO" engineering Institute of a new type. Almost $95 million of the money received Massachusetsky Institute of technology (MIT), which is involved in creating SKOLKOVO tech, said the chamber. Directly on the Sktech MIT was supposed to send $50,7 million, and $44 million to its own development. The objective of MTI is to advise Skoltech on the most important organizational issues and to assist in the selection of personnel and participate in the training of students. The number of students in "Skoltech" in 2015, was only 315 people (90% of the plan), the budget expenditures for the University are comparable to spending on other Federal universities where number of students is a multiple of more than, say auditors.
Compare Sktech with other universities wrong: there is no institution, the undergraduate program, but only graduate and postgraduate studies in which the costs for students above, considers "SKOLKOVO". In addition, the Institute is at an early stage of development and requires capital spending, reminiscent of Alexander Chernov.
Grants for your
One of the tasks of SKOLKOVO grant support for research projects. For three years the Fund spent to 4.8 billion rubles or 7.4 percent of the total amount of their costs by subsidies from the Federal budget. 43 RUB million cost of the remuneration of the members of the grant Committee should not consist of more than half of the members of the Fund. Another 309 million rubles to the experts who evaluate the projects.
According to the rules of both experts and members of the grant Committee must abandon the work, if are interested persons, including in relation to the grantees. Interested in project entities was almost 60% of the 1188 of experts and 30% of the 15 members of the grant Committee, says the chamber.
The number of grantees auditors called the Center of innovation Natalia Kasperskaya, which was part of the grant Committee, but this matter has not voted. The Kaspersky company has received a grant of 50 million rubles for the creation of a "universal platform for analysis, management and control of information in the modern information space", the report says audit chamber.
Innovation center "SKOLKOVO"
Photo: Alexander Miridonov/Kommersant
Kasperskaya has confirmed the receipt of a grant from "SKOLKOVO". This, according to her, is about creating a system leak protection for mobile phones. Violations of the rules in the allocation of grants had been committed, according to the interviewee : member of the grants Committee is permitted to declare interest in the project, and in this case he is not allowed to vote and cannot review materials related thereto. Comparing the procedure, accepted in "SKOLKOVO", with the traditions of other grant committees that participated, Kaspersky considers this one of the most transparent. The chamber believes otherwise: "the selection of the recipient of the grant does not allow to exclude the possibility of preferential obtaining of the grant by companies associated with members of the grant Committee. One day with the Kaspersky, in June 2015, with grants of 30 million and 49.6 million rubles to two more companies close to the two members of the grant Committee of SKOLKOVO, to the report of the accounting chamber.
Of the 344 projects considered by the grant Committee of SKOLKOVO in 2013-2015, only in 18 cases the members of the Committee refused to vote, and only two of these cases, they were the beneficiaries applying for grants of the projects, said "SKOLKOVO" . "The procedure of examination and grant excludes the adoption of the interested person participation in the decision in favor of its affiliates, or solution of conflict of interests", — convinced the Fund. No evidence of the use of influence by members of the Committee is not established, the report says "SKOLKOVO".
The Prosecutor General's office claims the procedure for the allocation of grants is not, follows from the response of the accounting chamber on the request . Managing company "SKOLKOVO" created a tiered system of checking the validity of incoming applications for grant funds concerning the treatment of projects received positive conclusions of experts, and harmonization of units the management company, prosecutors said in the court of auditors.
Pay more grants
333 salaries of employees of "SKOLKOVO" took nearly two times more budget money than 287 grants — 8.9 billion RUB (that's 13.7% of all expenses of the Fund at the expense of budget subsidies in 2013-2015), auditors noted. In 2015 the average salary in the Fund was more than 468 thousand rubles at 13.8 times higher than the national average (33.8 thousand rubles.) and 5.3 times above the average salary in Moscow (88,6 thousand rubles).
Ten foreign employees of a subsidiary of SKOLKOVO, responsible for the construction of the center ("ODPS SKOLKOVO"), had a special preference, in particular, the Director of this company every month to pay the rent (for 200 thousand and 300 thousand rubles in 2013), services, tickets for personal travel (not more than four times a month, in the amount of 3.2 million rubles), etc.
The total amount of such payments to foreign workers for three years, the chamber has estimated in 21,4 million rubles After verification of the contracts with foreign employees was slightly adjusted, to the report of the auditors.
Comparison of costs for salaries and grants is incorrect — the Fund has never positioned itself exclusively as a donor, said "SKOLKOVO" . While the working conditions Fund is often inferior to the state-owned corporations and state-owned companies, said "SKOLKOVO", that his key staff are often attracted to other employers in the Fund tightened control over the employees, there is no expenditure on official vehicles are almost completely excluded flights in business class and are not paid representation expenses.
Everyday miracles
Part of the cost of "SKOLKOVO" the chamber has considered unfounded. In particular, the questions of the auditors called the contract of the Foundation with Russian law-making society, which wrote a draft of the rules of functioning of the "SKOLKOVO". The project cost the Fund almost 12 million roubles — on 40, 3 thousand RUB. for one page, estimated by the auditors. Foundation specialists had the necessary knowledge, to make the document their own, said the Fund's auditors. While developed according to contract rules formed the basis of the final document — the project was modified in the negotiation process, noted the auditors.
In September 2014 "SKOLKOVO" has signed the contract for the "synergetic organizational diagnosis," with "Adizes Institute". Researchers diagnosed SKOLKOVO "rapid premature aging and the rapid transition to the stage of "late aristocracy". The reason for the incident is named frequent inspections and investigations that gave rise to the company's employees a sense of fear and unwillingness to take responsibility. Auditors doubt that the survey, which cost 1.9 million rubles., brought the "SKOLKOVO" benefits.
31 Dec 2012 the "SKOLKOVO" took the video "Everyday miracles." A total of 54.2 million rubles. the Fund received one 60-second clip, three clips of 30 seconds — "rainbow", "Sheet" and "Crystal", and three ten second teaser of the same name. The source material on which one could judge the real costs of authors to work, the auditors did not provide. not managed to find these videos in the public domain.
The work of "Adizes Institute" was useful to the Fund, assured Alexander Chernov. Given auditors fragments taken out of context of the report and can create the wrong idea about its content, he said . Besides, SKOLKOVO is not the only one who have used the services of the Institute: his clients include Sberbank and "SIBUR". As for videos, the Foundation conducted an official investigation in connection with the remarks of the accounting chamber of violations of the law is not established. Said work — an intangible asset for accounting it is important only that the Foundation had rights, but they received told in the report of the Fund on request .
With the participation of Irina Parfentyeva


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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Gwinnett County rolls out its new trash plan July 1, requiring people who live in the unincorporated parts of the county to pay for trash pickup whether they like it or not.
If that brings closure to a matter that has electrified debates at public and commission meetings for the past two years, it will be a shock even to supporters of the $53.7 million program that will be paid for almost entirely by garbage fees to the new customers.
In fact, July 1 may just turn up the heat.
Gwinnett supporters of the political activist groups the Four Corners Tea Party, Freedom Works and Gwinnett Citizens for Responsible Government said Friday they plan a protest June 12 outside the old courthouse in downtown Lawrenceville.
They intend to demand that commissioners reconsider the plan that will bill 185,000 households in unincorporated Gwinnett $321 each for 18 months of trash service. That tab will be included in property tax bills that go out later in July.
"This is tantamount to Obamacare," said Debbie Dooley, an organizer of the protest. "It's socialized. It's the government forcing people to purchase something and that's unconstitutional."
But as loud as opposition to the plan has been, it's hard to get a real measure of how many are actually opposed and how many are in support of the effort, said Mike Royal, who headed five citizens' meetings about the trash proposal last year.
"I would say, judging on the crowd's reaction at those meetings, about 80 percent were opposed to it and about 20 percent were in favor," said Royal. "But you also have to consider that people come out to oppose something, but they don't generally come out if they support it."
One of the more outspoken supporters of the plan is Jerry Oberholtzer, the mayor of Snellville whose residents have city trash service which they pay for as part of their property taxes. For years, people outside of Snellville who don't pay for trash service have been slipping into the city at night and dumping trash in vacant lots and trash bins, said Oberholtzer, who is fed up with it and happy with the new law.
"People think it's their God-given right to come in here and dump their trash in our city," said Oberholtzer. "It's a terrible problem. It costs our businesses money because their Dumpsters get filled up and they have to pay money to rent a larger one."
It's gotten so bad, the mayor said, "the other day I was driving down the road and I almost ran over a mattress. I had to swerve to miss it."
The anger in Gwinnett isn't just about the county managing the garbage pickup, which will be done by private haulers. According to Sabrina Smith, chairwoman of Gwinnett Citizens for Responsible Government, the way the County Commission cut the deal is more disturbing.
"It's OK to have mandatory trash pickup if it's done in a reasonable manner, but that's not the way they've done it," said Smith, who faulted the commission for awarding the trash contracts as a way of settling lawsuits filed by haulers in 2009, after the first trash plan was introduced. When the new program was established, contracts were awarded to five private haulers without bids.
"We think competition makes customer service better and will keep prices lower," said Smith.
Another opponent of the plan, Charles Grizzle, who is affiliated with the Gwinnett chapter of Americans for Prosperity, said he believes the County Commission sold the plan to voters with "red herring" arguments that don't bear out.
"When they come up with one motivation of why they're doing this and you shoot that down, then they morphed and came up with another one," said Grizzle. "They're not being honest."
Grizzle said he doesn't believe the commission's claims that illegal dumping is a big problem in the county.
"I can't find another citizen who thinks we have a big illegal dumping problem," he said. "And they [the commission] have made no effort to quantify it."
But how big a problem is it?
On Thursday an Atlanta Journal-Constitution reporter toured illegal dump sites with Randy Franklin, a code enforcement officer for the county who pointed out a few spots where trash — tires, furniture, and household garbage — was piled along roadsides.
"It's a problem. How big is it, I can't say," Franklin said. "But we get calls all the time and about a month ago, I was just taking a shortcut on a dirt road near here and it was almost blocked with trash at both ends."
Code enforcement officer Keith Colquitt estimates the agency, which employs 13 officers, receives about 10 reports a week about illegal dump sites countywide. Enforcement officers check the site, look for evidence — sometimes a letter with an address will lead them to the culprit, who then will be ticketed by police — then arrange to have it cleaned up.
Depending on the location, either the county or a private landowner picks up the tab.
"If somebody dumps stuff on your property, then you become a victim twice because you have to pay to have it removed," said Colquitt.
Emory Morsberger, a Gwinnett developer who opposes government intrusion into the free market in some cases, is glad the county stepped in. People dumping stuff in his trash containers in Lawrenceville was costing him money.
"We'd find bags of trash there that just sort of showed up overnight," he said. "Somebody has to handle trash in an organized fashion, if we live in a civilized society where property values are maintained and trash runs down those property values.
"I'm not saying this plan is perfect, but it's organized."
Bill Miller lives in unincorporated Gwinnett and pays a private hauler to remove his garbage. He said the law punishes citizens such as him and it won't do anything to stop illegal dumping.
"If you look real hard at it, you'll find most of that dumping is construction refuse," he said. "And you have to pay extra to haul that even under the new law. So the lawbreakers will just continue to break the law."
He said he's not sure he'll join the protest next week. He's going to save his protest till the fall elections.
"They'll hear me at the ballot box," he said. "I think people are going to be voted out because of this."
About the Author
Credit: Natrice Miller / firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
It's been two weeks since I had the news from my doctor that I needed to adjust my cholesterol levels and balance, lose a lot of weight and generally sort myself out.
So, I started to do exactly that.
Fourteen days later I'm 6.5kg lighter, or in "old money", a full stone.
I have another ten weeks until I'm due to see the doctor again, and I have every intention of shedding another couple of stone before then. I have the horrible and probably accurate impression the first is the easiest.


text:
"ARTICLE";"NissimHasbroucqKadriEtAl2015";"In this preliminary screening study, we tested the phytoextraction potential of nine Canadian native/well-adapted plant species on a soil highly polluted by trace elements (TE) from a copper refinery. Plant physiological parameters and soil cover index were monitored for a 12-week period. At the end of the trial, biomass yield, bioconcentration (BFC) and translocation (TF) factors for the main TE as well as phytoextraction potential were determined. Most plants were severely injured by the high pollution levels, showing symptoms of toxicity including chlorosis, mortality and very low biomass yield. However, Indian mustard showed the highest selenium extraction potential (65 mg m–2), even under harsh growing conditions. Based on our results, tall fescue and ryegrass, which mainly stored As, Cu, Pb and Zn within roots, could be used effectively for phytostabilization. © 2015, Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.";;;;"Nissim, W.G. and Hasbroucq, S. and Kadri, H. and Pitre, F.E. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;"10.1080/15226514.2014.987370";;;;;;;"International Journal of Phytoremediation";;"Brassica juncea; Festuca arundinacea; Lolium; Salix";;;;"cited By 1";"8";;;"745-752";;;;;;;;"Potential of Selected Canadian Plant Species for Phytoextraction of Trace Elements From Selenium-Rich Soil Contaminated by Industrial Activity";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84930450760&partnerID=40&md5=9befd451dfe81fc619bde3bcfba68c64";"17";"2015";;
"ARTICLE";"Lauron-MoreauPitreArgusEtAl2015";"Salix L. is the largest genus in the family Salicaceae (450 species). Several classifications have been published, but taxonomic subdivision has been under continuous revision. Our goal is to establish the phylogenetic structure of the genus using molecular data on all American willows, using three DNA markers. This complete phylogeny of American willows allows us to propose a biogeographic framework for the evolution of the genus. Material was obtained for the 122 native and introduced willow species of America. Sequences were obtained from the ITS (ribosomal nuclear DNA) and two plastid regions, matK and rbcL. Phylogenetic analyses (parsimony, maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference) were performed on the data. Geographic distribution was mapped onto the tree. The species tree provides strong support for a division of the genus into two subgenera, Salix and Vetrix. Subgenus Salix comprises temperate species from the Americas and Asia, and their disjunction may result from Tertiary events. Subgenus Vetrix is composed of boreo-arctic species of the Northern Hemisphere and their radiation may coincide with the Quaternary glaciations. Sixteen species have ambiguous positions; genetic diversity is lower in subg. Vetrix. A molecular phylogeny of all species of American willows has been inferred. It needs to be tested and further resolved using other molecular data. Nonetheless, the genus clearly has two clades that have distinct biogeographic patterns. © 2015 Lauron-Moreau et al.";;;;"Lauron-Moreau, A. and Pitre, F.E. and Argus, G.W. and Labrecque, M. and Brouillet, L.";;;;;;;"10.1371/journal.pone.0121965";;;;;;;"PLoS ONE";;"cell nucleus DNA; internal transcribed spacer, Article; biogeography; controlled study; DNA sequence; genetic polymorphism; genetic variability; geographic distribution; geographic mapping; matK gene; molecular phylogeny; nonhuman; plant evolution; plant gene; rbcL gene; Salicaceae; Vetrix; willow, Salicaceae; Salix";;;;"cited By 1";"4";;;;;;;;;;;"Phylogenetic relationships of American Willows (Salix L., Salicaceae)";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84928137579&partnerID=40&md5=eb68f31e1703cbb4566bf9a0285b77d9";"10";"2015";;
"ARTICLE";"JerbiNissimFluetEtAl2015";"Determining the appropriate wastewater dose to supply nutrients while avoiding overirrigation is essential for achieving more balanced above- and belowground development of the plants, thereby ensuring high filtering functionality of a willow vegetation filter system. Aboveground biomass and root development of a 3-year-old willow vegetation filter in response to three increasing doses of secondary-treated urban wastewater under both fertilized and unfertilized conditions were evaluated. Fine, coarse and total root biomass, fine root length density (FRLD), specific fine root length (SFRL) and specific root area (SRA) were assessed in soil core samples collected at four different depths (0–20, 20–40, 40–60 and 60–80 cm) in all treatments. While aboveground biomass increased as wastewater amounts and fertilization increased (from 23.89 Mg ha–1 in non-irrigated condition to 47.07 Mg ha–1 in the highest wastewater dose, from 31.5 Mg ha–1 in unfertilized plots to 40.1 Mg ha–1 in the fertilized), total and fine root biomass decreased when willow was irrigated with the highest wastewater dose (i.e. total root biomass is 2.54 Mg ha–1 in non-irrigated condition—1.36 Mg ha–1 in the highest wastewater dose). The root biomass did not follow the same development pattern, and a significant decrease in fine root biomass was observed when the highest irrigation dose was applied. In these circumstances, we believe that the supply in water and nutrient is sufficient to the development of the willows which react by diminishing the amount of roots proportionally to the aboveground parts. This may lead to a higher transpiration rate and allow willows to avoid a surplus of water in the soil. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media New York.";;;;"Jerbi, A. and Nissim, W.G. and Fluet, R. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;"10.1007/s12155-014-9550-5";;;;;;;"Bioenergy Research";;"Biomass; Bioremediation; Forestry; Irrigation; Nutrients; Wastewater; Wastewater treatment, Above ground biomass; Development patterns; Morphology changes; Phytoremediation; Rhizofiltration; Salix; SRC; Transpiration rates, Vegetation";;;;"cited By 2";"2";;;"775-787";;;;;;;;"Willow Root Development and Morphology Changes Under Different Irrigation and Fertilization Regimes in a Vegetation Filter";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84939956606&partnerID=40&md5=811f8b03c2cedf274d3b0dc37b0eca81";"8";"2015";;
"ARTICLE";"GrenierPitreGuidiEtAl2015";"Key message: Highly tolerant and productive willow cultivars have been identified as potential candidates for phytoremediation of contaminated soil with petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) in southern Quebec, Canada. Abstract: Tolerance of Salix to various organic and inorganic contaminants has been well documented and can vary widely among genotypes. In this study, we compared the responses and tolerances of 11 willow cultivars grown in soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons. The study aimed to identify cultivars with the best performance and capacity to establish under these conditions. Using cuttings of the selected willow genotypes, a high-density field experiment was set up on a former industrial site encompassing two distinct sectors: one contaminated (900 m2), and the other uncontaminated (2,400 m2), which was used as control following a randomized block design. Trees were monitored over two growing seasons by recording a series of growth parameters and physiological measurements (leaf area, chlorophyll concentration, stomatal conductance and nutrient concentration). Genotypic differences explained most of the responses of cultivars observed to soil contamination. S. miyabeana (SX67 and SX61) achieved the highest biomass production, while S. nigra (S05) and S. acutifolia (S54) had the highest photosynthetic capacity. While the cultivars S. × dasyclados (SV1), S. purpurea ('Fish Creek') and S. caprea (S365) appeared to be negatively affected by the presence of contaminants, the establishment and development of S05, S. eriocephala (S25) and S. purpurea × S. miyabeana ('Millbrook') was much less influenced by soil pollution. Our results will help to guide cultivar selection in future phytoremediation projects. © 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.";;;;"Grenier, V. and Pitre, F.E. and Guidi Nissim, W. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;"10.1007/s00468-015-1168-5";;;;;;;"Trees - Structure and Function";;"Biomass; Bioremediation; Contamination; Cultivation; Design of experiments; Hydrocarbons; Organic compounds; Petroleum chemistry; Physiological models; Physiology; Plants (botany); Soils, Chlorophyll concentration; Inorganic contaminants; Nutrient concentrations; Petroleum hydrocarbons; Petroleum-contaminated soil; Photosynthetic capacity; Physiological measurement; Phytoremediation, Soil pollution";;;;"cited By 1";"3";;;"871-881";;;;;;;;"Genotypic differences explain most of the response of willow cultivars to petroleum-contaminated soil";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84939955603&partnerID=40&md5=f5d65f8335cad08da78ff6956629bc40";"29";"2015";;
"ARTICLE";"GuidiJerbiLafleurEtAl2015";"Willow cropping is increasingly spreading worldwide for various purposes including vegetation filter. Willow plantations are highly nutrient-demanding and site fertilization may be required to maintain soil fertility and nutrient balance. In this context, municipal wastewater could be a valuable source of nutrients (especially N and P) and water for plant growth. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of willows to recycle municipal wastewater supplied at different rates. In particular, we sought to evaluate the quality of groundwater water collected under willow and assess the effect of wastewater supply on willow growth. Irrigation with wastewater had a positive effect on willow growth and biomass yield. It was also estimated that willows were able to remove nearly 90% of the N and 85% of the P found in the wastewater. This study shows that a willow vegetation filter is very efficient at removing nutrients found in wastewater. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.";;;;"Guidi Nissim, W. and Jerbi, A. and Lafleur, B. and Fluet, R. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.04.067";;;;;;;"Ecological Engineering";;"Evapotranspiration; Groundwater; Irrigation; Leachate treatment; Nitrogen; Nutrients; Vegetation; Wastewater reclamation; Water treatment, Groundwater water; Irrigation rates; Leachates; Municipal wastewaters; Nutrient balance; Phytotechnology; Salix; Vegetation filter, Wastewater treatment, biomass; cropping practice; growth rate; phytoremediation; pollution control; soil fertility; wastewater; water quality; wood, Salix; Salix arbusculoides";;;;"cited By 0";;;;"395-404";;;;;;;;"Willows for the treatment of municipal wastewater: Performance under different irrigation rates";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84927722800&partnerID=40&md5=f2442cd2fa1f84f17473cb827caff309";"81";"2015";;
"ARTICLE";"Lauron-MoreauPitreArgusEtAl2015";;;;;"Lauron-Moreau, A. and Pitre, F.E. and Argus, G.W. and Labrecque, M. and Brouillet, L.";;;;;;;"10.1371/journal.pone.0138963";;;;;;;"PLoS ONE";;"Erratum; error";;;;"cited By 0";"9";;;;;;;;;;;"Erratum: Phylogenetic relationships of American Willows (Salix L., Salicaceae) (PLoS ONE 10:9 (e0138963) DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0138963)";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84946600666&partnerID=40&md5=19fd692cbe4d535769455747192b5dd4";"10";"2015";;
"ARTICLE";"GonzalezBreretonMarleauEtAl2015";"Background: High concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) pollution can be hazardous to human health and leave soils incapable of supporting agricultural crops. A cheap solution, which can help restore biodiversity and bring land back to productivity, is cultivation of high biomass yielding willow trees. However, the genetic mechanisms which allow these fast-growing trees to tolerate PHCs are as yet unclear. Methods: Salix purpurea 'Fish Creek' trees were pot-grown in soil from a former petroleum refinery, either lacking or enriched with C10-C50 PHCs. De novo assembled transcriptomes were compared between tree organs and impartially annotated without a priori constraint to any organism. Results: Over 45 % of differentially expressed genes originated from foreign organisms, the majority from the two-spotted spidermite, Tetranychus urticae. Over 99 % of T. urticae transcripts were differentially expressed with greater abundance in non-contaminated trees. Plant transcripts involved in the polypropanoid pathway, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), had greater expression in contaminated trees whereas most resistance genes showed higher expression in non-contaminated trees. Conclusions: The impartial approach to annotation of the de novo transcriptomes, allowing for the possibility for multiple species identification, was essential for interpretation of the crop's response treatment. The meta-transcriptomic pattern of expression suggests a cross-tolerance mechanism whereby abiotic stress resistance systems provide improved biotic resistance. These findings highlight a valuable but complex biotic and abiotic stress response to real-world, multidimensional contamination which could, in part, help explain why crops such as willow can produce uniquely high biomass yields on challenging marginal land. © 2015 Gonzalez et al.";;;;"Gonzalez, E. and Brereton, N.J.B. and Marleau, J. and Guidi Nissim, W. and Labrecque, M. and Pitre, F.E. and Joly, S.";;;;;;;"10.1186/s12870-015-0636-9";;;;;;;"BMC Plant Biology";;;;;;"cited By 0";"1";;;;;;;;;;;"Meta-transcriptomics indicates biotic cross-tolerance in willow trees cultivated on petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84944057834&partnerID=40&md5=79f88df76cc2562c5c547dab4a5f520a";"15";"2015";;
"ARTICLE";"BerthodBreretonPitreEtAl2015";"Sustainable and inexpensive production of biomass is necessary to make biofuel production feasible, but represents a challenge. Five short rotation coppice willow cultivars, selected for high biomass yield, were cultivated on sites at four diverse regions of Quebec in contrasting environments. Wood composition and anatomical traits were characterized. Tree height and stem diameter were measured to evaluate growth performance of the cultivars according to the diverse pedoclimatic conditions. Each cultivar showed very specific responses to its environment. While no significant variation in lignin content was observed between sites, there was variation between cultivars. Surprisingly, the pattern of substantial genotype variability in stem density was maintained across all sites. However, wood anatomy did differ between sites in a cultivar (producing high and low density wood), suggesting a probable response to an abiotic stress. Furthermore, twice as many cellulose-rich G-fibers, comprising over 50% of secondary xylem, were also found in the high density wood, a finding with potential to bring higher value to the lignocellulosic bioethanol industry. © 2015 Berthod, Brereton, Pitre and Labrecque.";;;;"Berthod, N. and Brereton, N.J.B. and Pitre, F.E. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;"10.3389/fpls.2015.00948";;;;;;;"Frontiers in Plant Science";;;;;;"cited By 0";"OCTOBER";;;;;;;;;;;"Five willow varieties cultivated across diverse field environments reveal stem density variation associated with high tension wood abundance";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84947425345&partnerID=40&md5=dbb59bba01a7887f4b4e5f3191814742";"6";"2015";;
"ARTICLE";"GomesMaccarioLucotteEtAl2015";"Phosphate (PO43-) fertilization is a common practice in agricultural fields also targets for glyphosate application. Due to their chemical similarities, PO43- and glyphosate compete for soil adsorbing sites, with PO43- fertilization increasing glyphosate bioavailability in the soil solution. After PO43- fertilization, its concentration will be elevated in the soil solution and both PO43- and glyphosate will be readily available for runoff into aquatic ecosystems. In this context, man-made riparian buffer strips (RBS) at the interface of agricultural lands and waterways can be used as a green technology to mitigate water contamination. The plants used in RBS form a barrier to agricultural wastes that can limit runoff, and the ability of these plants to take up these compounds through their roots plays an important role in RBS efficacy. However, the implications of PO43- for glyphosate uptake by roots are not yet clearly demonstrated. Here, we addressed this problem by hydroponically cultivating willow plants in nutrient solutions amended with glyphosate and different concentrations of PO43-, assuring full availability of both chemicals to the roots. Using a phosphate carrier inhibitor (phosphonophormic acid-PFA), we found that part of the glyphosate uptake is mediated by PO43- transporters. We observed, however, that PO43- increased glyphosate uptake by roots, an effect that was related to increased root cell membrane stability. Our results indicate that PO43- has an important role in glyphosate physiological effects. Under agricultural conditions, PO43- fertilization can amplify glyphosate efficiency by increasing its uptake by the roots of undesired plants. On the other hand, since simultaneous phosphate and glyphosate runoffs are common, non-target species found near agricultural fields can be affected. © 2015.";;;;"Gomes, M.P. and Maccario, S. and Lucotte, M. and Labrecque, M. and Juneau, P.";;;;;;;"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.054";;;;;;;"Science of the Total Environment";;"Agricultural runoff; Agricultural wastes; Agriculture; Aquatic ecosystems; Biochemistry; Bioremediation; Cell membranes; Contamination; Cytology; Environmental management; Runoff; Soil moisture; Soils; Water pollution, Agricultural conditions; Agricultural fields; Environmental management practices; Phosphate carrier; Physiological effects; Phytoremediation; Riparian buffer strips; Transport, Herbicides, foscarnet; glyphosate; malonaldehyde; phosphate; runoff, buffer zone; cultivar; environmental management; glyphosate; herbicide; hydroponics; phosphate; phytoremediation; root, adsorption; Article; cell damage; cell membrabe stability; cellular parameters; concentration (parameters); controlled study; diffusion; environmental impact; environmental impact assessment; environmental management; lipid peroxidation; nonhuman; phytoremediation; plant cell; plant leaf; plant metabolism; plant root; priority journal; Salix miyabeana; soil pollution; willow, Salix";;;;"cited By 0";;;;"115-119";;;;;;;;"Consequences of phosphate application on glyphosate uptake by roots: Impacts for environmental management practices";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84939451172&partnerID=40&md5=e68e9557af2022032ad9b79034f0462f";"537";"2015";;
"ARTICLE";"GomesLeMoingtEtAl2016";"Phosphate (PO4 3-) has been shown to increase glyphosate uptake by willow, a plant species known for its phytoremediation potential. However, it remains unclear if this stimulation of glyphosate uptake can result in an elevated glyphosate toxicity to plants (which could prevent the use of willows in glyphosate-remediation programs). Consequently, we studied the effects of PO4 3- on glyphosate uptake and toxicity in a fast growing willow cultivar (Salix miyabeana SX64). Plants were grown in hydroponic solution with a combination of glyphosate (0, 0.001, 0.065 and 1mgl-1) and PO4 3- (0, 200 and 400mgl-1). We demonstrated that PO4 3- fertilization greatly increased glyphosate uptake by roots and its translocation to leaves, which resulted in increased shikimate concentration in leaves. In addition to its deleterious effects in photosynthesis, glyphosate induced oxidative stress through hydrogen peroxide accumulation. Although it has increased glyphosate accumulation, PO4 3- fertilization attenuated the herbicide's deleterious effects by increasing the activity of antioxidant systems and alleviating glyphosate-induced oxidative stress. Our results indicate that in addition to the glyphosate uptake, PO4 3- is involved in glyphosate toxicity in willow by preventing glyphosate induced oxidative stress. © 2015.";;;;"Gomes, M.P. and Le Manac'h, S.G. and Moingt, M. and Smedbol, E. and Paquet, S. and Labrecque, M. and Lucotte, M. and Juneau, P.";;;;;;;"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.10.043";;;;;;;"Journal of Hazardous Materials";;"Antioxidants; Bioremediation; Oxidative stress; Phosphorus; Photosynthesis; Plants (botany); Toxicity; Weed control, Antioxidant enzyme; Antioxidant systems; Deleterious effects; Fertilization; Hydroponic solution; Phytoremediation potentials; Plant species; Remediation projects, Herbicides, antioxidant; glyphosate; hydrogen peroxide; phosphate; shikimic acid, bioaccumulation; concentration (composition); cultivar; deciduous tree; enzyme activity; fertilizer application; glyphosate; hydrogen peroxide; hydroponics; nutrient uptake; phosphate; photosynthesis; phytoremediation; toxicity test; translocation, Article; cultivar; hydroponics; nonhuman; oxidative stress; photosynthesis; phytoremediation; phytotoxicity; plant growth; plant leaf; plant root; willow, Salix; Salix miyabeana";;;;"cited By 0";;;;"269-279";;;;;;;;"Impact of phosphate on glyphosate uptake and toxicity in willow";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84946600320&partnerID=40&md5=6ca06888fb2b125f3998f07cd4927761";"304";"2016";;
"ARTICLE";"ParkLabrecqueLavoie2013";"In this work, a marine strain of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis (CCMP1925) was submitted to high concentrations of municipal wastewater (WW) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Under standard conditions (Zarrouk medium and optimal light), production reached 2.79 g/kg of culture after 8 days. Adding wastewater to the mixture led to an increased cell density reaching 3.29 g/kg below 40% wastewater, while above 40%, wastewater was shown to inhibit productivity. At an elevated CO2 concentration fed to the mixture, production reached 3.55 g/kg, although increasing the concentration of CO 2 above 2% (v/v) was shown to inhibit the production of biomass. High concentrations of combined wastewater and CO2 were generally shown to be detrimental for the production of algal biomass. However, some synergetic effects were observed for the optimal cell density that was obtained after 5 days for a mixture involving 40% wastewater and 8% CO2, while after 8 days, the best results were obtained with a 40% WW mixture and 0% CO 2. A combination of elevated CO2 and WW concentration (8% and 80%, respectively) led to poor cell growth, although the concentration in proteins, carbohydrates, and chlorophyll was generally higher when compared to the control cultures. © 2013 American Chemical Society.";;;;"Park, Y.-I. and Labrecque, M. and Lavoie, J.-M.";;;;;;;"10.1021/sc400230q";;;;;;;"ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering";;"Algal biomass; Arthrospira platensis; Chemical component; Chemical compositions; Control cultures; Municipal wastewaters; Standard conditions; Synergetic effect, Atmospheric composition; Mixtures; Morphology; Optimization; Productivity; Wastewater, Carbon dioxide";;;;"cited By 1";"11";;;"1348-1356";;;;;;;;"Influence of elevated CO2 and municipal wastewater feed on the productivity, morphology, and chemical composition of arthrospira (spirulina) platensis";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84887298970&partnerID=40&md5=eb13cadcbb9bf5f1b752815a35894f93";"1";"2013";;
"ARTICLE";"MosselerMajorLabrecque2014";"Key message: Field testing of different willow species, and promising genotypes within a species, can maximize biomass yield and quality traits due to strong genotype by environment interactions. Abstract: Coppice yield and components of growth were quantified in eight clones of two widely distributed North American willows, Salix discolor (DIS) and S. eriocephala (ERI), in common-garden field tests on three sites of varying quality. Both species and clones within species varied significantly across different sites and interacted with site for plant yield and components of growth traits. At the species level, ERI was significantly more productive than DIS on the two most productive sites (85 and 57 % greater, respectively), but on the poorest site, a shale coal mine overburden, species ranking was reversed, with DIS showing a 60 % greater biomass yield than ERI. These sites had similar mean temperature, growing degree days, and seasonal precipitation. Site quality differences were thus most probably driven by soil nutrients, physical traits, and water-holding capacity quantified by 13 soil properties, 12 of which were significantly different and showed fairly consistent ranking among sites. At the clonal level, growth trends and differences were mostly consistent among clones across the three test sites, with the exception of one clone of DIS and to a lesser extent a clone of ERI, which showed abnormally strong clone by site interaction for specific growth traits. Productivity reached as high as 6.0 kg green mass in 2-year-old coppices for a clone from each of DIS and ERI on the most productive site. The strong expression of genetic by environment interactions at both the species and clonal levels suggests that biomass production can be optimized by taking advantage of such interactions and highlights the need for testing not only different species, but also a number of clones within a species before selecting clones for biomass production on different site types. Our results highlight variation in coppice form and the potential for genetic selection both among and within species. © 2014, © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada as represented by the Minister of Natural Resources Canada 2014.";;;;"Mosseler, A. and Major, J.E. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;"10.1007/s00468-014-1043-9";;;;;;;"Trees - Structure and Function";;"Biomass; Cloning; Coal mines; Forestry; Soil testing, Components of growth; Coppice yield; Site interaction; Site quality; Willows, Ecology";;;;"cited By 4";"5";;;"1401-1411";;;;;;;;"Genetic by environment interactions of two North American Salix species assessed for coppice yield and components of growth on three sites of varying quality";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84920258806&partnerID=40&md5=c588f42bdc4c19b1e08898939dd04474";"28";"2014";;
"ARTICLE";"GomesSmedbolChalifourEtAl2014";"It is generally claimed that glyphosate kills undesired plants by affecting the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) enzyme, disturbing the shikimate pathway. However, the mechanisms leading to plant death may also be related to secondary or indirect effects of glyphosate on plant physiology. Moreover, some plants can metabolize glyphosate to aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) or be exposed to AMPA from different environmental matrices. AMPA is a recognized phytotoxin, and its co-occurrence with glyphosate could modify the effects of glyphosate on plant physiology. The present review provides an overall picture of alterations of plant physiology caused by environmental exposure to glyphosate and its metabolite AMPA, and summarizes their effects on several physiological processes. It particularly focuses on photosynthesis, from photochemical events to C assimilation and translocation, as well as oxidative stress. The effects of glyphosate and AMPA on several plant physiological processes have been linked, with the aim of better understanding their phytotoxicity and glyphosate herbicidal effects. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology.";;;;"Gomes, M.P. and Smedbol, E. and Chalifour, A. and Henault-Ethier, L. and Labrecque, M. and Lepage, L. and Lucotte, M. and Juneau, P.";;;;;;;"10.1093/jxb/eru269";;;;;;;"Journal of Experimental Botany";;"aminomethylphosphonic acid; glycine; glyphosate; herbicide; phosphonic acid derivative, analogs and derivatives; drug effects; metabolism; plant physiology, Glycine; Herbicides; Organophosphonates; Plant Physiological Phenomena";;;;"cited By 5";"17";;;"4691-4703";;;;;;;;"Alteration of plant physiology by glyphosate and its by-product aminomethylphosphonic acid: An overview";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84907385533&partnerID=40&md5=5a010dde46b34a03f13ef27b5a1138d3";"65";"2014";;
"ARTICLE";"GuidiVoicuLabrecque2014";"Willows are a highly versatile tree species that may have multiple environmental applications, including bioenergy, green structures, etc. Here we report the results of a field trial that used willow short rotation coppice stands to improve the quality of groundwater polluted mainly with ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N), which is potentially life-threatening to many aquatic organisms. For a two-year period, 5200m3ha-1 of NH4-N polluted groundwater were treated with very little environmental risk and high decontamination efficiency, mainly due to the high evapotranspiration rates and nutrient retention, and fast growth of the willow used. We estimated that the willows demonstrated an overall efficiency level of 95% in reducing NH4-N concentration in the leachate. The resulting high aboveground biomass yield, which can be used for other environmental applications (e.g. bioenergy), enhanced the overall value of this phytotechnology. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.";;;;"Guidi Nissim, W. and Voicu, A. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.10.005";;;;;;;"Ecological Engineering";;"Above ground biomass; Environmental applications; Environmental risks; Leachates; Phytoremediation; Phytotechnology; Salix; Short rotation coppice, Ammonia; Bioremediation; Groundwater; Nitrogen; Water supply; Water treatment, Groundwater pollution, ammonia; bioenergy; crop rotation; groundwater pollution; leachate; nitrogen; phytoremediation; pollutant removal";;;;"cited By 2";;;;"102-114";;;;;;;;"Willow short-rotation coppice for treatment of polluted groundwater";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84887662416&partnerID=40&md5=4434e7b8b3b15ea18f48ad1154498ab1";"62";"2014";;
"ARTICLE";"GuidiPitreKadriEtAl2014";"This is a preliminary hydroponic study to test willow sensitivity to silver nitrate, a highly toxic chemical compound. We grew willow cuttings for a period of three weeks in the presence of increasing AgNO3 concentrations and assessed the response in terms of growth and physiology. We found that AgNO3 is generally extremely harmful to willow. AgNO3 concentration as high as 0.027 µM may result in a significant reduction of biomass productivity and a decrease in stomatal conductance over the first week of exposure. However, willows seem able to adapt to high AgNO3 concentrations on a longer timeline. © 2014 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.";;;;"Guidi Nissim, W. and Pitre, F.E. and Kadri, H. and Desjardins, D. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;"10.1080/15226514.2013.856840";;;;;;;"International Journal of Phytoremediation";;"silver nitrate, adaptation; article; biomass; bioremediation; cytology; drug effect; evapotranspiration; growth, development and aging; hydroponics; physiological stress; physiology; plant root; plant stoma; time; willow, Adaptation, Physiological; Biodegradation, Environmental; Biomass; Hydroponics; Plant Roots; Plant Stomata; Plant Transpiration; Salix; Silver Nitrate; Stress, Physiological; Time Factors";;;;"cited By 1";"7-8";;;"660-670";;;;;;;;"Early Response of Willow to Increasing Silver Concentration Exposure";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84891879646&partnerID=40&md5=7126ad35b754671251982c75427c066e";"16";"2014";;
"ARTICLE";"MosselerMajorLabrecque2014";"Significant differences were apparent in seven native North American willow (Salix) species compared and assessed in common garden field tests for survival, biomass production, and coppice structure on former coal mine sites in New Brunswick, Canada. In most species, percentage survival was relatively constant after the initial establishment phase, allowing good prediction of final survival in the first or second year after establishment. Unrooted dormant stem sections collected from clones of five willow species previously field-tested and selected for survival and growth, survived and grew better on the mine site to be reclaimed than those collected directly from natural populations, demonstrating the ability to rapidly improve survival results based on prior field testing. Survival at ages 5 and 6 improved from an average of 70% to 94% for S. eriocephala Michx. and from 42% to 84% for S. interior Rowlee. The best clones in both species had over 95% survival and had approximately 5-6 t.ha-1 (t= tonne) fresh mass after 2 years of coppice growth. We recommend these two species for use in mine reclamation activities, because they grew best overall and had the highest survival rates. Despite poor average rooting ability in S. bebbiana Sarg., S. discolor Muhl., and S. humilis Marshall, some genotypes of these species showed good survival and growth, and further selection for these traits is warranted. © 2013 Published by NRC Research Press.";;;;"Mosseler, A. and Major, J.E. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;"10.1139/cjfr-2013-0447";;;;;;;"Canadian Journal of Forest Research";;"Biomass productions; Mine reclamation; Natural population; North American; Rooting ability; Salix; Survival and growth; Willow, Ability testing; Cloning; Coal mines; Land reclamation, Population statistics, biomass; coal mine; coppice; garden; growth rate; land reclamation; stem; survival; tree, Canada; New Brunswick";;;;"cited By 8";"4";;;"340-349";;;;;;;;"Growth and survival of seven native willow species on highly disturbed coal mine sites in eastern Canada";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84897848433&partnerID=40&md5=911c36ad73a365c1a0cf8eba24a81942";"44";"2014";;
"ARTICLE";"DesjardinsNissimPitreEtAl2014";"After industrial activities shut down, the brownfields remaining on abandoned sites are often left to revegetate naturally, a process that reflects the site's biotic and abiotic characteristics, including spatial pollutant distribution. The soil of a former decantation basin in Varennes (southern Québec, Canada) was systematically sampled and described in terms of concentration of PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), PHs (petroleum hydrocarbons C10-C50), various trace metals as well as ruderal plant abundance and diversity. Partial redundancy analysis was used to investigate the effect of heterogeneous pollution on the plant community's spatial distribution. Up to 61% of variance in spontaneous plant distribution was explained by the pollutant dispersion pattern on the study site. These findings provide guidelines for the design of site-specific and within-site remediation or rehabilitation promoting natural processes that are already in progress. They also suggest using local vegetation and a greater diversity of plant species when conditions are conducive as this may have many associated benefits. The resulting design, which promotes development of the local plant community, can be a more cost effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to traditional plant-based remediation approaches. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.";;;;"Desjardins, D. and Nissim, W.G. and Pitre, F.E. and Naud, A. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.01.003";;;;;;;"Ecological Engineering";;"Distribution patterns; Industrial activities; Petroleum hydrocarbons; Plant distributions; Pollutant dispersions; Pollutant distribution; Redundancy analysis; Site-specific, Petroleum chemistry; Plant shutdowns; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Redundancy; Remediation; Vegetation, Pollution, abandoned land; abundance; brownfield site; cost-benefit analysis; environmental economics; guideline; industrial practice; PAH; plant community; revegetation; spatial distribution; species diversity; trace metal, Canada; Quebec [Canada]";;;;"cited By 3";;;;"385-390";;;;;;;;"Distribution patterns of spontaneous vegetation and pollution at a former decantation basin in southern Québec, Canada";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84893404404&partnerID=40&md5=d77a46bd154a91c67ee68c38143d2f31";"64";"2014";;
"ARTICLE";"MosselerMajorLabrecqueEtAl2014";"Biomass yield and component coppice growth traits were assessed for two native North American willow species, Salix discolor (DIS) and Salix eriocephala (ERI), established together in clonally replicated common garden field tests on three sites of differing quality but similar climates. These willows are widely distributed across eastern and central Canada and were selected for use in biomass production plantations. There was no species effect on the average stem length-diameter relationship, but there was a strong site effect. Increased number of stems within a plant decreases average stem diameter but not average stem length. Yield is positively related to site quality and number of stems per plant but also to the interaction between species and number of stems per plant. Allometric relationships between stem basal diameter, stem length, number of stems per plant, and biomass yield (tha-1) clearly reflected site quality differences and could be used in the same way that stem height at a specific age has been used for single stemmed trees to define site quality (site index) in forest timber production. Plant stem length and basal stem diameter measurements on up to 20 stems per plant indicated that measurements based on the average of the three longest stems per plant had the strongest relationship to biomass yield (R2=0.813) and that the average stem diameter of the three largest stems had the strongest relationship to biomass yield (R2=0.781). © 2014. Published by Elsevier B.V.";;;;"Mosseler, A. and Major, J.E. and Labrecque, M. and Larocque, G.R.";;;;;;;"10.1016/j.foreco.2014.02.027";;;;;;;"Forest Ecology and Management";;"Biomass; Plants (botany), Allometric relationship; Biomass yield; Salix species; Site quality; Willow coppice, Forestry, allometry; coppice; deciduous forest; diameter; forestry production; growth rate; phytomass; plantation forestry; site effect; stem, Canada, Salix; Salix discolor; Salix eriocephala";;;;"cited By 10";;;;"190-196";;;;;;;;"Allometric relationships in coppice biomass production for two North American willows (Salix spp.) across three different sites";;"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84898806491&partnerID=40&md5=aa04e4a3cca78a764ce3d0abae9db25e";"320";"2014";;
"MASTERSTHESIS";"Labrecque1984";;;;;"Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;"amriv2";;;;;;"Université de Montréal";;"2012.07.12";"Développement et anatomie comparés : du fruit de prunus pensylvanica, prunus serotina et prunus virginiana";;;;"1984";;
"BOOK";"Labrecque2001";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"amriv2";"375";;"Éditions Isabelle Quentin";;;;;"2012.07.12";"L'arbre 2000 The Tree";;;;"2001";;
"BOOK";"GaudetBeaudoinRocray1997";;;;;"Gaudet, M. and Beaudoin, M.F. and Rocray, P.E.";;;;;;;;;"Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"amriv2";"175";;"Fides";;;;;"2012.07.12";"Les arbres de Montréal";;;;"1997";;
"ARTICLE";"BarabeDaigleLabrecqueEtAl1995";"The authors have analyzed the relative growth of the various tissues of the fruits of two species of Prunus during their development: Prunus serotina Ehrh. and Prunus virginiana L. The results show that tissue development is allometric before the complete formation of the embryo. Once the embryo is formed, a statistical correlation no longer prevails between the metric increase in diameter of the various tissues. These results indicate that the development of the fruit wall of Prunus proceeds in two periods. The first period, before the development of the embryo is completed, constitutes a morphogenetic period during which the various tissues differentiate. The relationship between the inner endocarp and the outer endocarp is linear contrary to that of the mesocarp and the total endocarp, which is non linear. The allometric analysis shows that the endocarp grows more rapidly with respect to the mesocarp in P. virginiana than in P. serotina.";;;;"Barabe, D. and Daigle, S. and Labrecque, M. and Starnaud, M.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Canadian Journal of Botany-Revue Canadienne De Botanique";;;;;;"Barabe, d daigle, s labrecque, m starnaud, m";"2";;;"299-306";;;;;;;;"Allometry in the histogenesis of prunus fruits (rosaceae)";;;"73";"1995";;
"ARTICLE";"BarabeLabrecque1985";;;;;"Barabe, D. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Bulletin De La Societe Botanique De France-Lettres Botaniques";;;;;;"Barabe, d labrecque, m";"2";;;"133-145";;;;;;;;"Vasculature of the flower of orontium-aquaticum";;;"132";"1985";;
"ARTICLE";"BarabeLabrecque1984";;;;;"Barabe, D. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Comptes-rendus de l'académie des sciences - Serie iii - Sciences de la vie";;;;;;"Barabe, d labrecque, m";"15";;;"427- 432";;;;;;;;"On the relationship between the size of fruits and their vascular system - the case of prunus";;;"298";"1984";;
"ARTICLE";"BarabeLabrecque1984a";;;;;"Barabe, D. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Canadian Journal of Botany";;;;;;"Barabe, d labrecque, m";"10";;;"1971-1983";;;;;;;;"Vascularization of the flower of lysichitum-camtschatcense (araceae)";;;"62";"1984";;
"ARTICLE";"BarabeLabrecque1983";;;;;"Barabe, D. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Canadian Journal of Botany";;;;;;"Barabe, d labrecque, m";"6";;;"1718-1726";;;;;;;;"Vascularization of the flower of calla-palustris (araceae)";;;"61";"1983";;
"ARTICLE";"BarabeLabrecqueChretien1984";;;;;"Barabe, D. and Labrecque, M. and Chretien, L.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Comptes-rendus de l'académie des sciences - Serie iii - Sciences de la vie";;;;;;"Barabe, d labrecque, m chretien, l";"15";;;"651-656";;;;;;;;"Vascularization of the flower of anthurium-lhotzkyanum (araceae)";;;"299";"1984";;
"ARTICLE";"CavanaghGasserLabrecque2011";"The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the use of pig slurry as fertilizer on the productivity of a willow plantation, while evaluating the risk of a negative impact on the environment. We evaluated plant response to increasing slurry amounts and compared this response to the effect of mineral fertilization. We also verified the impact of slurry on soil nutritional content as well as on nitrate and phosphorus concentrations in the soil. Although slurry nitrogen was less efficient than mineral fertilizer, the results of our study show that slurry constitutes an effective fertilizer for willow plantations. In fact, yields over two years on plots that received increasing amounts of slurry were on the order of 30.0-32.9 t/ha. We observed an increase in soil levels of nitrates, copper and zinc as a function of increasing slurry amounts. These levels actually decreased during the second growing season, possibly due to uptake by the willows. Springtime concentrations of water in lysimeters indicated that the maximum quantity of slurry tested was accompanied by a certain risk of nitrates leaching into the soil. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.";;;;"Cavanagh, A. and Gasser, M.O. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Biomass and Bioenergy";;;;;;"Cavanagh, Annie Gasser, Marc Olivier Labrecque, Michel";"10";;;"4165-4173";;;;;;;;"Pig slurry as fertilizer on willow plantation";;;"35";"2011";;
"ARTICLE";"GuidiLabrecque2010";"This study was carried out to test ex situ growth and soil nutrient removal efficiency of 1-year-old potted willow and poplar plants. Plants were grown under two different water regimes: low irrigation-around soil field capacity (W)-and high irrigation-five times higher than field capacity (W (5)). Results showed that plant productivity and water use efficiency were greater when trees were grown in the appropriate level of soil water content rather than at excessive moisture levels. Nutrient leaching was also affected by the high irrigation treatment. However, the poplar and willow clones used in this experiment showed different nutrient allocation patterns in the plant-soil-water system. The poplar clone accumulated the highest quantities of N and P in the soil. Willow accumulated N and P mainly in the biomass due to better root development under both treatments. This indicates the better performance of the willow clone in removing N and P from contaminated aquaculture wastewaters during the first growing season.";;;;"Guidi, W. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Water Air and Soil Pollution";;;;;;"Guidi, Werther Labrecque, Michel";"1-4";;;"85-101";;;;;;;;"Effects of High Water Supply on Growth, Water Use, and Nutrient Allocation in Willow and Poplar Grown in a 1-Year Pot Trial";;;"207";"2010";;
"ARTICLE";"LabrecqueBarabe1984";;;;;"Labrecque, M. and Barabe, D.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Comptes-rendus de l'académie des sciences - Serie iii - Sciences de la vie";;;;;;"Labrecque, m barabe, d";"4";;;"97-102";;;;;;;;"Development of the endosperm and the embryo during the maturation of the seed of prunus-serotina";;;"298";"1984";;
"ARTICLE";"LabrecqueBarabe1984a";;;;;"Labrecque, M. and Barabe, D.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Canadian Journal of Botany";;;;;;"Labrecque, m barabe, d";"2";;;"195-206";;;;;;;;"Development of the fruit of prunus-serotina (rosaceae)";;;"62";"1984";;
"ARTICLE";"LabrecqueBarabeVieth1985";;;;;"Labrecque, M. and Barabe, D. and Vieth, J.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Annales des sciences naturelles-botanique et biologie végétale";;;;;;"Labrecque, m barabe, d vieth, j";"1";;;"39-53";;;;;;;;"Development of the fruit of prunus-pensylvanica lf (rosaceae)";;;"7";"1985";;
"ARTICLE";"LabrecqueBarabeVieth1985a";;;;;"Labrecque, M. and Barabe, D. and Vieth, J.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Canadian Journal of Botany";;;;;;"Labrecque, m barabe, d vieth, j";"2";;;"242-251";;;;;;;;"Development of the fruit of prunus-virginiana (rosaceae)";;;"63";"1985";;
"ARTICLE";"LabrecqueBellefleurSimonEtAl1989";;;;;"Labrecque, M. and Bellefleur, P. and Simon, J.P. and Popovich, S.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Annals of Forest Science";;;;;;"Labrecque, m bellefleur, p simon, jp popovich, s International symp on forest tree physiology Sep 25-30, 1988 Nancy, france Inra, ctr nancy, inra, dept forest res, univ nancy, int union forest res org, div tree psysiol, commiss european communities brussels, minist res \& technol paris, minist agr, direction espace rural \& foret paris, conseil reg lorraine, dist urban nancy, mairie nancy S";;;;"S497-S501";;;;;;;;"Influence of light conditions on the predetermination of foliar characteristics in betula-alleghaniensis britton";;;"46";"1989";;
"ARTICLE";"LabrecqueTeodorescuDaigle1998";"Recycling wastewater sludge as fertilizer in short-rotation intensive culture of willows offers a viable opportunity to increase biomass productivity. Salix discolor Muhl. and Salix viminalis L. were planted at two densities (20 000 and 30 000 cuttings/ha), on two sites: a well and a poorly drained site. Three doses of dried and granulated sludge (100, 200, 300, and 0 kg/ha of ""available"" N) were applied in the spring of the first and the second seasons of growth. The aims of the experiment were to (i) investigate growth and nutritional plant response to fertilization and (ii) estimate the impact of sludge application on the soil. Over two seasons, aboveground biomass was similar for S. discolor and S, viminalis on both sites and for all sludge treatments. Every increment in the sludge dose applied induced an increase in willow productivity. Vector analysis of stem and branch nutrient concentration suggested that nitrogen was the most limiting nutrient. At the end of the second season plots fertilized with the highest doses of sludge indicated soil enrichment in organic matter. However, nitrate concentration in the soil increased with increasing sludge doses. The accumulation of heavy metals from sludge was not hazardous to the environment according to provincial limits. A moderate dose of dried and pelleted sludge (100 kg/ha ""available"" N) may reduce nitrate leaching and appears to be a good fertilizer during the establishment of willows.";;;;"Labrecque, M. and Teodorescu, T.I. and Daigle, S.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Canadian Journal of Forest Research";;;;;;"Labrecque, M Teodorescu, TI Daigle, S";"11";;;"1621-1635";;;;;;;;"Early performance and nutrition of two willow species in short-rotation intensive culture fertilized with wastewater sludge and impact on the soil characteristics";;;"28";"1998";;
"ARTICLE";"LabrecqueTeodorescuDaigle1997";"The energy equivalent of willows in short-rotation intensive culture (SRIC) varies in terms of yield and woody biomass characteristics. Three willow species (Salix discolor Muhl., Salix petiolaris Smith and Salix viminalis L.) were planted on two sites, well-drained and poorly drained, in two different densities (20 000 and 30 000 plants per ha). Four doses of dried and granulated sludge were applied: the equivalents of 0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ''available'' N per ha. At the end of the second season, above-ground biomass was similar for S. discolor and S. viminalis, and greater than that of S. petiolaris on both sites and for all sludge treatments. On the well-drained site, each increment in the sludge dose significantly increased the performance of the species, regardless of plant density. Fertilized with a sludge dose equivalent to 300 kg N per ha, S. viminalis and S. discolor yielded 30.17 and 24.97 t/ha of dry matter respectively. On the poorly drained site, differences in performance were also observed between fertilized and unfertilized plots, but not among the various treatments. The calorific value of the wood of the three species being similar (19.21-19.59 kJ/g), the energy equivalent of a hectare of willows is proportional to the yield of each species. Thus the energy equivalent of S. viminalis and S. discolor is two to three times that of S. petiolaris. S. viminalis had the highest woody biomass quality, with an FVI (fuelwood value index) of 1030.58 (100%), followed by S. petiolaris with 954.25 (92.6%) and S. discolor with 849.08 (82.4%). (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.";;;;"Labrecque, M. and Teodorescu, T.I. and Daigle, S.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Biomass and Bioenergy";;;;;;"Labrecque, M Teodorescu, TI Daigle, S";"6";;;"409-417";;;;;;;;"Biomass productivity and wood energy of Salix species after 2 years growth in SRIC fertilized with wastewater sludge";;;"12";"1997";;
"ARTICLE";"LabrecqueTeodorescuDaigle1995";"Fast-growing tree species, such as willows, can benefit from sludge application. While sludges are good fertilizers, they may contain heavy metals which could reduce productivity and cause environment risks. The aims of the present research were to: i) determine the biomass production of Salix discolor Muhl. and Salix viminalis L. when supplied with various amounts of dried and pelleted sludge and ii) assess the uptake and accumulation of heavy metals. Trials were carried out using unrooted cuttings that were planted in large plastic pots containing sandy soil and grown outdoors for a 20-week period. Five doses of sludge were applied: the equivalents of 0 (T0), 40 (T1), 80 (T2), 120 (T3), 160 (T4) and 200 (T5) kg ''available'' N ha(-1). Trees which received the highest dosage of sludge showed the best growth. Stem biomass was significantly greater for S. viminalis which had received sludge treatments. The relationship between the total biomass yield Y (g) and the rate of fertilization X (equivalent to kg of ''available'' nitrogen provided per hectare) is linear. Regression equations of predicted biomass production were established as follows: S. discolor, Y = 28.36 + 0.56X and S. viminalis, Y = 39.95 + 0.64X. For both species, the greatest stem biomass per g of N applied was produced with treatments 4 and 5. Amounts of nitrogen per leaf area (N/LA) and per dry leaf mass (N/DL) were higher for S. viminalis. The metal transfer coefficient did not vary between the species but was significantly different for Cd and Zn. Plants were able to absorb Cd and Zn, but were less able to absorb Ni, Hg, Cu, and Pb. It was concluded that the dried and pelleted sludge is a good fertilizer. S. discolor and particularly S. viminalis can be used as filters for the purification of wastewater sludge as well as for biomass production purposes.";;;;"Labrecque, M. and Teodorescu, T.I. and Daigle, S.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Plant and Soil";;;;;;"Labrecque, m teodorescu, ti daigle, s";"2";;;"303-316";;;;;;;;"Effect of waste-water sludge on growth and heavy-metal bioaccumulation of 2 salix species";;;"171";"1995";;
"ARTICLE";"TeodorescuGuidiLabrecque2011";"In this trial we tested a new planting technique for willows used in environmental applications such as green structures in urban settings. Three commercial willow clones were planted in spring 2008 at different periods as non-dormant woody rods. Comparing the main growth parameters at the end of the season, we found that planting date may affect plant establishment depending on the clone. Based on our results, the use of non-dormant willow material collected and planted in spring is possible in our environment with several different clones. Best results were obtained with Salix viminalis (Sv 5027), which can be planted with a delay of about one month without showing any significant decrease in biomass production or survival rate. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.";;;;"Teodorescu, T.I. and Guidi, W. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Ecological Engineering";;;;;;"Teodorescu, Traian Ion Guidi, Werther Labrecque, Michel";"9";;;"1430-1433";;;;;;;;"The use of non-dormant rods as planting material: A new approach to establishing willow for environmental applications";;;"37";"2011";;
"ARTICLE";"VujanovicLabrecque2008";"Ascomycota are among the fungi that cause serious willow diseases in all natural habitats worldwide. This study was conducted to determine if basket willow used in green wall structures (GWS) built of willow stems were infected by potentially important fungal diseases or their antagonists in urban areas of eastern Canada. In total, 13 different phenotypic genera belonging to eight families of ascomycetous fungi were isolated and identified according to their sexual and/or asexual forms. Venturia pathogenic species complex were represented by three different anamorphs: Fusicladium, Fusicladium-Cladosporium, and Pollaccia as anamorph. They were responsible for the highest incidence value on leaves (IF > 15%). Cryptodiaporthe, Drepanopeziza, and Glomerella dominated on bark (IF > 5%). A significantly higher incidence value of fungal communities was found on first year than on second year GWS. The correspondence analysis using chi(2) distance showed that communities of potentially pathogenic species are closely related to diseased plants, while healthy plants often contain biocontrol species such as Cladobotryum mycoparasite on healthy bark and Alternaria sp. antagonist on healthy leaves. The phylogenetic positions of the different fungal taxa and their relationship have been revealed by use of PCR amplified internal transcriber spacer (ITS) region of rDNA.";;;;"Vujanovic, V. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Biocontrol";;;;;;"Vujanovic, Vladimir Labrecque, Michel";"2";;;"413-426";;;;;;;;"Potentially pathogenic and biocontrol Ascomycota associated with green wall structures of basket willow (Salix viminalis L.) revealed by phenotypic characters and ITS phylogeny";;;"53";"2008";;
"ARTICLE";"CogliastroHalleLabrecqueEtAl1995";"Three types of containers of different volumes (Polymos 15, 700 cm(3); Polymos 12, 1,000 cm(3); Whitcomb(R), 3,500 cm(3)) were tested to produce large hardwood seedlings. Studies of growth and root development of three species, white ash (Fraxinus americana L.), bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.) and northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) were used to assess containers after two growing seasons in an unheated plastic shelter. The mean height of seedlings increased with the volume of the containers. The total dry mass of seedlings at 55 cm in height was more important in the larger container; the total root mass and the proportion of secondary roots were higher in the container of greater volume. For the two species of oak, the 3,500 cm(3) container produced seedlings with a taproot showing a number of deviations when touching the bottom of the container. White ash, a species with a fibrous root system, showed a higher deviation index in the smaller containers. The openings on the sides of the square-shaped Whitcomb(R) containers were effective for the air-pruning of secondary lateral roots of species with a taproot and their volume allowed for an important root mass. However, the flat bottom with openings at each of the four corners did not prevent deviation of the primary root. The use of a bottomless square-shaped container with a volume greater than 1,000 cm(3) and with adequate lateral openings would optimize the production of large seedlings of hardwood species with taproot.";;;;"Cogliastro, A. and Halle, A. and Labrecque, M. and Daigle, S.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Forestry Chronicle";;;;;;"Cogliastro, a halle, a labrecque, m daigle, s";"4";;;"459-465";;;;;;;;"Evaluation of 3 containers for the production of large hardwood seedlings";;;"71";"1995";;
"ARTICLE";"LabrecqueTeodorescuBabeuxEtAl1994";"The productivity of trees under short-rotation intensive culture is influenced by herbaceous competition and drainage conditions. During the first year of establishment of Salix discolor Muhl. and Salix viminalis L., four weed-suppression treatments were applied to two sites showing different drainage conditions, one well drained and the other is poorly drained. On the well-drained site, the productivity of the trees increased in all the plots under treatment, whereas on the poorly drained site, only the use of a plastic mulch increased the biomass production. The mean productivity on the well-drained site was always superior to the productivity measured on the poorly drained site except when the vegetation was controlled by the use of a plastic mulch. The analyses related to nutrition revealed that the trees on the well-drained site absorbed more nutrients than those on the poorly drained site. Salix discolor showed a higher uptake of potassium and S. viminalis, a higher concentration of calcium. Our results indicate that weed suppression is essential to the establishment of trees in short-rotation intensive culture and that the use of a plastic mulch proved to be particularly profitable on marginal sites.";;;;"Labrecque, M. and Teodorescu, T.I. and Babeux, P. and Cogliastro, A. and Daigle, S.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Canadian Journal of Forest Research";;;;;;"Labrecque, m teodorescu, ti babeux, p cogliastro, a daigle, s";"3";;;"493-501";;;;;;;;"Impact of herbaceous competition and drainage conditions on the early productivity of willows under short-rotation intensive culture";;;"24";"1994";;
"ARTICLE";"LabrecqueTeodorescuCogliastroEtAl1993";"Samples of two species of Salix, Salix discolor, which grows naturally in the northern half of North America and S. viminalis, which originated from central Europe, were studied to compare their productivity and their growth patterns under the short-rotation, intensive-culture system (SRIC). The study was conducted in the nursery of the Montreal Botanical Garden on former agricultural land. The plantation was established at a density of 27,000 trees per hectare from unrooted cuttings without any fertilizer or irrigation. Growth parameters were measured at regular intervals during summer of the two first years following planting. At the end of each growing season, after leaf drop, a part of each plot was cut down and the stems and branches were harvested and weighed to evaluate their annual growth rates and their biomass yields. For the first growing season, height growth in both species was greater than 2 m. Although S. viminalis grew more rapidly early in summer, S. discolor grew about three weeks longer and its total height at the end of the growing season was greater than the former. Meanwhile the stem-branch dry weight of S. discolor was similar to the one produced by S. viminalis. Two growing seasons after establishment, the total tree height was about 3.5 m for both species, while the biomass of stems and branches of S. viminalis was weakly superior in comparison to S. discolor and reached very high values-about 27 Mg ha-1 for S. viminalis. The growth patterns and yields of the one-year-old coppice (one-year-cycle) were similar to those recorded at the end of the first year for trees developed directly from cuttings. Both species produced a comparable quantity of sprout biomass. The yield of the trees harvested two years after planting was about twice the total biomass harvested two times, at the end of each growing season, suggesting that a two-year cycle is more productive than a one-year cycle.";;;;"Labrecque, M. and Teodorescu, T.I. and Cogliastro, A. and Daigle, S.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Biomass and Bioenergy";;;;;;"Labrecque, m teodorescu, ti cogliastro, a daigle, s";"6";;;"419-425";;;;;;;;"Growth-patterns and biomass productivity of 2 salix species grown under short-rotation intensive culture in southern quebec";;;"4";"1993";;
"ARTICLE";"FillionBrissonGuidiEtAl2011a";"Fast growing woody species are increasingly used in vegetation filters for wastewater treatment. Their efficiency in phosphorus (P) removal notably depends on plant uptake and storage in aboveground tissues. In this study, Populus NM5 (P. nigra x P. maximowiczii), Salix miyabeana (SX64) and Salix viminalis (5027) were planted in pots to evaluate the influence of colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Glomus intraradices on P uptake using two different P concentrations in irrigation water. Based on analysis of the foliar and woody components, our results show that the two treatments (inoculation with G. intaradices and P-irrigation) interact differently with total P content. Foliar P content is principally enhanced by the P-irrigation concentration, whereas the mycorrhizal colonization increases stem P content. In the presence of G. intraradices, both S. miyabeana and S. viminalis showed a 33% increase in stem P content. The latter finding is mainly due to an increase in biomass production, without modification of the P concentration, indicating that AMF associations affect P use efficiency. Thus, using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for phytoremediation strategies may increase biomass productivity and hence improve pollutant uptake. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.";;;;"Fillion, M. and Brisson, J. and Guidi, W. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Ecological Engineering";;;;;;"Fillion, Maud Brisson, Jacques Guidi, Werther Labrecque, Michel";"2";;;"199-205";;;;;;;;"Increasing phosphorus removal in willow and poplar vegetation filters using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi";;;"37";"2011";;
"ARTICLE";"FillionBrissonTeodorescuEtAl2009";"On a plantation established in 2004 from stem cuttings at a density of 20,000 trees per hectare, we investigated growth and nutritional plant response to a high hydraulic regime for two species (Salix viminalis and Populus nigra × Populus maximowiczii), using a comparative approach with measurements from irrigated and control plots. The plantation was irrigated from June to September 2005 with about 140 mm per day. The equivalent of 120 Kg NO3-N, 40 Kg P2O5-P and 85 Kg K2O-K per hectare per year was applied by means of irrigation with wastewater. No mortality occurred and stem biomass production of both poplar and willow species were not statistically different on irrigated and control areas. However, S. viminalis revealed to be more tolerant to flooded conditions since these corresponded more closely to its nutritional requirements (foliar concentration of 20 mgN g-1). The capacity of S. viminalis to withstand waterlogged conditions could play an important role in the sustainability of a plantation for the filtration of effluent at low pollutant concentration.";;;;"Fillion, M. and Brisson, J. and Teodorescu, T.I. and Sauvé, S. and Labrecque, M.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Biomass and Bioenergy";;"Phytoremediation, Decontamination, Intense irrigation, Phosphorus, SRIC, Willow, Poplar, Aquaculture";;;"sep";;"9";;"sobru1";"1271-1277";;;;;;;"2009.08.27";"Performance of Salix viminalis and Populus nigra × Populus maximowiczii in short rotation intensive culture under high irrigation";;"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V22-4WGKKK4-2/2/a9b77772ca184e0c48a1f2cf3a8d31cf";"33";"2009";;
"ARTICLE";"LeblancChateauneufSuraEtAl2003";;;;;"Leblanc, R. and Châteauneuf, G. and Sura, C. and Labrecque, M. and Galipeau, C. and Greer, C. and Delisle, S. and Roy, S. and Labelle, S. and Olsen, C.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Vecteur Environnement";;;;;;;;;"brugerolles";"60-62";;;;;;;"2008.10.03";"Phytoremédiation des sols contaminés aux métaux lourds et aux hydrocarbures récalcitrants";;;"36";"2003";;
"ARTICLE";"RoyLabelleMehtaEtAl2005";;;;;"Roy, S. and Labelle, S. and Mehta, P. and Mihoc, A. and Fortin, N. and Masson, C. and Leblanc, R. and Chateauneuf, G. and Sura, C. and Gallipeau, C. and Olsen, C. and Delisle, S. and Labrecque, M. and Greer, C.W.";;;;;;;;;;;;;;"Plant and Soil";;"PROBABLE-NUMBER PROCEDURE; RHIZOSPHERE SOIL; HYDROCARBONS; PLANT; ACCUMULATION; DEGRADATION; REMEDIATION; TECHNOLOGY";;;"may";;"1-2";;"brugerolles";"277-290";;;;;;;"2008.01.08";"Phytoremediation of heavy metal and PAH-contaminated brownfield sites";;;"272";"2005";;


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I've just picked and washed some spinach beet out the garden. In it was this little critter:
I say little; it was a little larger than the average ladybird, and a lot faster than I usually see them move – to photograph it involved a certain amount of clambering around the kitchen as it rushed and then flew to different things!
Is it as I fear, the dreaded Harlequin Ladybird, killer of the native species?
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Looking at the Harlequin Ladybird Survey website, I'm now even more sure this is a Harlequin, but I shall await the husbands arbitration on it's behalf.


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Keep your two-way radio powered all day long. Don't run the risk of a dead battery stopping you from communicating at your best. This BP-264 comparable battery is guaranteed to keep up even during your longest days.
Also compatible with: IC-F3002, IC-F3003, IC-F3101D, IC-F3103D, IC-F4101D, IC-F4103D, IC-F4002, IC-F4003, IC-T70A, IC-T70E, IC-V80.
Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.
A 100% money-back guarantee backs our return policy. You have 30 days from the time of the delivery of your order to notify us of any intent to return merchandise. You can fill out a return form on our shipping and returns page. All products must be returned in original condition (with all pieces), and contain all manufacturer packaging and tags.
If an item proves to be defective within the 30-day return policy or is shipped incorrectly, we will be more than happy to cover the return shipping to have the item replaced or credited to you. Due to the nature of the products we sell, there is a 20% restocking fee applied to all returns that are outside of the 30 days.
Once your return is received and inspected, we will send you an email to notify you that we have received your returned item. We will also notify you of the approval or rejection of your refund. If you are approved, then your refund will be processed, and a credit will automatically be applied to your credit card or original method of payment, within 3-4 business days.
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If you are shipping an item over $75, you should consider using a trackable shipping service or purchasing shipping insurance. We don't guarantee that we will receive your returned item.
Note: All OEM part references are for description purposes only.


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Automatic Sliding Gate
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Brockton Hospital Surgical Coordinator in Brockton, Massachusetts
Under the direction of the Practice Manager, with the physician's order, books patient's surgery with the operating rooms at hospitals, and manages the surgical booking process from the pre-op to the post-op phase. Maintains departmental booking systems for assigned providers. Answers and screens all telephone calls, and responds to all messages with appropriate follow through. Assists in orienting and training others the functions and duties of the position. Assists peers in other roles when work load warrants. Graduate of an accredited Medical Secretarial program preferred. Computer literacy and typing skills required. Knowledge of medical terminology.


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Innovation Program Launched to Boost SMEs in Energy Supply Chain
The Utility Magazine website reported that an Australian-first open innovation program, titled GeneratER, has been launched by National Energy Resources Australia (NERA) to boost small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in the energy resources supply chain and find local manufacturing and tech solutions to complex challenges. GeneratER has been established by NERA to offer SMEs the opportunity to capture a larger share of the multibillion-dollar spent in the energy resources supply chain. GeneratER has been custom designed to help move Australian SMEs up the supply chain — driving innovation and productivity whilst simultaneously growing local businesses and jobs. GeneratER will be followed by challenges to be rolled out nationally.
Click here to read the full article.


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Good morning! I had the opportunity to play with some of the new dies from the Spellbinders Modern Essentials Collection this week and wanted to share this fun shaker card!
To start I applied alcohol inks to a piece of yupo paper in shades of orange, red, and pink for a vibrant and bright background. I left a little white space for interest and splattered a little alcohol on the inks for some texture. I also die-cut the Die D-Lites Bold Type Congrats Etched die from black cardstock and hot pink cardstock and layered them together.
Next I die-cut the largest dotted and second to largest cutting oval from the Nestabilities Essential Ovals Etched die set from black cardstock to create the window for my shaker. Then I applied acetate behind the window. I love how the dots allow more of the alcohol inked panel to peek through! I filled the shaker with a mix of red, pink, orange, and gold sequins and sealed it with a double layer of foam mounting tape. Finally I adhered the sentiment on top to finish the card!
And that's it! Simple but striking! 😉 Thanks so much for stopping by and have a wonderful weekend!