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Traditionally, Thanksgiving is best known as the Holiday that the Detroit Lions get the "stuffing" knocked out of them
However, this year, it's time to tender the tainted twisted trophy of Thanksgiving Turkey-Lurkey to Detroit's toasted triumvirate treat of two-faced twerk-salad troll turpitude, and I have the temerity to tinker and tamper until I pay tribute with therapeutic levels of Thoreauness in response to GorskGeek's misinformation, disinformation, and MisDisInformation (Missed 'Dis Information)
Wednesday, 12/21/2005, Indianapolis, Indiana-based Eli Lilly and Company was treated to truthification, in connection with their illegal promotion (misbranding) of pharmaceutical drug EVISTA; (FDA approved for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women), in the:
a. prevention in risk of breast cancer
b. reduction in risk of breast cancer
Alleged in information, promoted drug as effective for reducing risk of breast cancer EVEN AFTER PROPOSED LABELING FOR THIS USE SPECIFICALLY REJECTED by FDA [1]
GorskGeek, being the breast cancer oncology specialist he claims to be, and so concerned about breast cancer patients that he is that "guy" who speaks out passionately about issues like the 10-year American Cancer Society Cancer Facts & Figures, "Estimated Breast Cancer Deaths for Women", which reflect that in 2002, 39,600 (15%) women were estimated to die from breast cancer, and this year, 2013, the estimate is 39,620 (14%), which is 20 women MORE than 10-years ago, and who rails tirelessly about the ACS's "Estimated New Breast Cancer cases in Women", which 10-years ago was 203,500 (31%) in 2002, and now, in 2013 is 232,340 (29%), which is ONLY
28,840 MORE than 10-years ago [2]
Now THAT's progress !
GorskGeek, of course, must accomplish all this under his breath
But I'm sure you're wondering, dear reader, what was GorskGeek's outraged blog about this American pharmaceutical manufacturer coughing up $36 MILLION ?
Well, let me tell you … just as soon as I find it
Wait for it
Wait for it
Wait for it
GorskGeek was unable to bring himself to blog about Evista until exactly one year later, on 12/21/2006, and even then, he was "mum's the word" about the breast cancer claims [3]
Perhaps GorskGeek just "knew" that eventually Evista would finally be approved by the FDA for Eli Lilly's preventing or reducing risk of breast cancer claims on 9/13/2007, and who were those paper-pushing FDA apparatchiks to prevent Lilly from implementing their "Internal business plan" ? [4-9]
GorskGeek wouldn't want to damage his slim and non-existent chance of getting some Eli Lilly money for research, by blogging anything that might in any way be possibly construed as him saying anything negatory about the BIG Pharma teat he longs to suck off of
After all, Bob 'n' Weave Blaskiewicz (who sees every molehill as a mountain), did say about GorskGeek, 9/28/2013 [10]:
"But he is a, the thing is, the thing is, you thing you have to understand is Gorski, Gorski is a genuine expert, in matters re re regarding on oncology studies"
"I mean, he has a"
"He, He's able to convince people, he's able to convince people, on the strength of his record, to give him money to carry out research"
"People who know what they're talking about"
"To give him money to carry out his research"
"Right ?"
Yeah, right
Bobby 🙂
GorskGeek is hoping for a Happy Thanksgiving Golden Parachute; which is where he helps whistleblow about illegal BIG Pharma activity regarding some drug(s), which leaves him as the beneficiary of some funds like Mr. H. Dean Steinke, former Merck employee and his $68,190,000 MILLION from the federal government and states share of settlement amounts:
$44,690,000 MILLION – Mr. H. Dean Steinke, former Merck employee from federal share of settlement amount (1997 – 2001)
$23.5 MILLION – Mr. H. Dean Steinke, former Merck employee from the states share of settlement amount (1997 – 2001)
Next, GorskGeek goes off on his fave autism prescription antipsychotic drug Risperdal, and the 11/4/2013, Monday, allegations concerning Global health care giant Johnson & Johnson (J&J) and its subsidiaries, $2.2 BILLION + fine regarding J&J Subsidiary Janssen (1999 – 2005) actions [11]
[1] – 12/21/2005
EVISTA (FDA approved for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women)
Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana-based company
12/21/2005, Wednesday
In connection with illegal promotion of pharmaceutical drug
Pleading guilty to criminal count of violating Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act by misbranding drug
In addition to criminal plea
agreed to settle civil Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act liabilities by entering into consent decree of permanent injunction
Charged in criminal information filed with violation of Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, following investigation by Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Office of Criminal Investigations
Plea agreement signed by Lilly and United States
Complaint for permanent injunction
Consent decree of permanent injunction signed by company and United States
Information alleges 1st year's sales of drug in U.S. were disappointing compared to original forecast
According to information
10/1998 – company reduced forecast of drug's 1st year's sales in U.S. from $401 million to $120 million
Internal business plan noted:
"Disappointing year versus original forecast."
Information alleges in order to expand sales of drug, Lilly sought to broaden market for drug by promoting it for unapproved uses
Information alleges strategic marketing plans and promotion touted drug as effective in preventing and reducing risk of diseases for which drug's labeling lacked adequate directions for use
According to information: Evista
1. brand team
2. sales representatives
promoted drug for:
a. prevention in risk of breast cancer
b. reduction in risk of breast cancer
c. reduction in risk of cardiovascular disease
Under provisions of Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, drug misbranded when labeling didn't bear adequate directions for each of intended uses
Alleged in information, promoted drug as effective for reducing risk of breast cancer even after proposed labeling for this use specifically rejected by FDA
Information alleges executed illegal conduct using number of tactics, including:
1. One-on-one sales pitches by sales representatives promoting drug to physicians about off-label uses of drug
2. Sales representatives trained to prompt or bait questions by doctors in order to promote drug for unapproved uses
3. Encouraging sales representatives promoting drug to send unsolicited medical letters to promote drug for unapproved use to doctors on their sales routes
4. Organizing "market research summit' during which drug was discussed with physicians for unapproved uses, including reducing risk of breast cancer
a. Creating
b. distributing
to sales representatives "Evista Best Practices" videotape, in which sales representative states "Evista truly is the best drug for the prevention of all these diseases" referring to:
1). osteoporosis
2). breast cancer
3). cardiovascular disease
Complaint for permanent injunction alleges executed illegal conduct using number of tactics, including:
1. Training sales representatives to promote drug for prevention and reduction in risk of breast cancer by use of medical reprint in way that highlighted key results of drug and thereby promoted drug to doctors for unapproved use
2. Some sales representatives were instructed to hide disclosure page of reprint which noted:
a. "All of the authors were either employees or paid consultants of Eli Lilly at the time this article was written,"
b. "The prescribing information provides that "The effectiveness of [Evista] in reducing the risk of breast cancer has not yet been established.""
3. Organizing "consultant meetings" for physicians who prescribed drug during which unapproved uses of drug discussed
4. Calculating incremental new prescriptions for doctors who attended Evista advisory board meetings in 1998
5. advisory board meetings included discussion of unapproved uses for drug
6. By measuring and analyzing incremental new prescriptions for doctors who attended advisory board meetings, Lilly was using this intervention as tool to promote and sell drug
In addition to agreeing to plead guilty to criminal information and plea agreement signed by Lilly, settlement with United States includes following components:
(a) agreed to settle civil Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act liabilities by entering into consent decree of permanent injunction
(1). As part of consent decree, agreed to comply with terms of permanent injunction, which will require company to implement effective training and supervision of marketing and sales staff for drug, and ensure any future off-label marketing conduct is detected and corrected
(2). agreed to be permanently enjoined from directly or indirectly promoting drug for use in:
a. preventing or reducing risk of breast cancer
b. reducing risk of cardiovascular disease
c. or for any other unapproved use in manner that violates Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act unless and until FDA approves drug for additional use or uses
(b) as part of consent decree, agreed to hire and utilize independent organization to conduct reviews to assist Lilly in assessing and evaluating Lilly's
1. systems
2. processes
3. policies
4. procedures
relating to promotion of drug and company's compliance with consent decree
FDA made following announcement to postmenopausal women who have taken drug for prevention or treatment of osteoporosis:
"No postmenopausal woman who has taken Evista for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis is affected by this action, as this matter today relates only to unapproved uses of Evista."
Defendant agreed to plead guilty to charge in information
Defendant agreed to resolve complaint for permanent injunction by agreeing to consent decree of permanent injunction
[2] – 11/13/2013 – The War on Cancer (I don't think it means, what you think it says it means) #Winning?:
[3] – 12/21/2006 – On the messiness of evidence-based medicine
[4] – 9/13/2007 – FDA Approval for Raloxifene Hydrochloride (Brand name(s): Evista®): Approved for breast cancer risk reduction:
[5] – 9/14/2007 – FDA Approves New Uses for Evista: Drug Reduces Risk of Invasive Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women:
[6] – 9/17/2007 – Evista Approved for Reducing Breast Cancer Risk:
[7] – 2007
Click to access 020815s018lbl.pdf
[9] – 2007
[10] – 10/18/2013 – Deconstructing Dr. David H. (Orac) Gorski – September 28, 2013 "The Skeptics™" Burzynski discussion: By Bob Blaskiewicz – 2:19:51
[11] – 11/4/2013


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Glossary of Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) Terms
This glossary appears in Pulmonary Hypertension: A Patient's Survival Guide. It was modified for the web to include links and additional references.
You can find definitions of many medical terms online. Two useful sites are MedlinePlus and Hyperdictionary.
See also Glossary of Insurance Terms.
ACE inhibitors: ACE is an acronym for Angiotensin Converting Enzyme. ACE inhibitors are blood pressure medications that are prescribed by your doctor to treat systemic hypertension. Some examples of ACE inhibitors include Accupril®, lisinopril, and captopril. ACE inhibitors are not part of specific PAH therapy, they are used for systemic ("regular") hypertension and/or left-sided ("regular") heart failure.
Acute vasodilator challenge: During a right heart catheterization, your doctor may choose to administer medications to test whether your pulmonary arteries can vasodilate (relax and decrease the pulmonary artery blood pressure). A vasodilator challenge is used to help determine which medications may work best to treat your pulmonary arterial hypertension. There are specific criteria used to determine if you are "vasoreactive." See also vasoconstrictor | Read more about Acute Vasodilator Testing
Adcirca®: An FDA-approved oral treatment for PAH. Adcirca® is the brand name for tadalafil, which is the same chemical in the drug Cialis® (which is used to treat erectile dysfunction). See also phosphodiesterase inhibitors | Read more about Adcirca®
Ambrisentan: An FDA-approved oral treatment for PAH. Ambrisentan is the chemical name for Letairis®. See also endothelin receptor antagonists | Read more about ambrisentan
Angina: Chest pain or pressure; angina usually results from not enough blood or oxygen getting to the heart muscle. Typically, angina occurs in patients with coronary artery disease, but it can affect patients with many different types of heart disease including pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Angiogram: A type of catheterization that uses dye injected into the blood vessels to accurately evaluate whether or not the blood vessels are narrowed. Can be done for any vessel of the body.
Anticoagulant medications: A group of medications used to thin the blood and block some of the chemicals that make blood clot. These medications can be given by mouth, by injection, or by intravenous infusion. Some of the common names of blood thinners include Coumadin®, warfarin, Lovenox®, and heparin. Aspirin is also a blood thinner, but works by making the platelets in our blood less "sticky." Read more about conventional medical therapies
Apnea: Slowing/stopping of breathing, usually during sleep. Always abnormal, and needs immediate attention. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disease in which the patient stops breathing for short periods of time during sleep because some part of the airway is blocked. OSA can result in pulmonary hypertension. Treatment for OSA can help PH.
Arginine: An essential amino acid (protein building block of our bodies). Arginine is theorized to help open up pulmonary arteries (vasodilate) by working with a substance called nitric oxide that is present in the pulmonary arteries. There was some thought that patients with PAH may have a deficit of arginine and should take additional arginine as a supplement. A recent study found that the supplement was safe for use, but no benefit was found. Studies on this supplement continue.
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG). A blood test where blood is taken from an artery to measures the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide. It is used to determine how well your lungs are working.
Associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (APAH): Pulmonary hypertension that occurs alongside another disease or condition, such as scleroderma or congenital heart disease. Because the incidence of PAH with these conditions is higher compared to the incidence of PAH in the general population (i.e., IPAH), it is thought that these diseases/conditions somehow predispose to or cause the PAH, but this is still unclear. Read more about associated pulmonary arterial hypertension
Ascites: Edema, or build-up of fluid in the abdominal cavity. Can cause fullness and heaviness around your waist, causing clothing to be tighter. Can be treated with diuretics, also known as fluid pills.
Atrial fibrillation: A rapid beat of the atrium, which typically occurs in patients with left-sided heart disease but can also occur in PAH. It is sometimes due to pulmonary diseases or fluid overload. The rapid and irregular beating of the atria results in less blood flow to the ventricles, and therefore the rest of the body, and can cause palpitations, dizziness, lightheadedness and passing out.
Atrial septal defects (ASD): A hole in the atrial septum, the wall that separates the right and left upper chambers of the heart, the atria. The hole allows blood to communicate between these two chambers. See congenital heart disease.
Atrial septostomy: Surgery that creates a small hole between the two upper chambers (atria) of the heart. Can relieve pressure on the right side of the heart and improve blood flow, but can also decrease oxygen levels in the blood.
Atrium: The heart is a pump that consists of four sections, known as chambers. The atria (plural for atrium) sits above the ventricles and pumps blood into the ventricles through heart valves. On the right side of the heart, the right atrium pumps blood through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. On the left side, the left atrium pumps blood through the mitral valve into the left ventricle.
Balloon angioplasty: A procedure in which a balloon catheter is inflated inside an artery (typically a coronary artery) to increase its diameter.
Beraprost: A prostanoid medication in an oral form. It has been approved in other countries for treatment of PAH. Beraprost is still in clinical trials in the U.S.
BiPAP machine: Defined as bi-level positive airway pressure. It is a small machine for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea and other respiratory diseases. Bi-level means that air is delivered under a specific pressure when you breathe in to help assist an inhaled breath, while a different (smaller) amount of pressure is maintained during exhalation. This holds the airways open to make inhalation on the next breath easier. See also CPAP
Bosentan: An FDA-approved oral treatment for PAH. Bosentan is the chemical name for Tracleer®. See also endothelin receptor antagonists | Read more about bosentan
BMPR2 gene: The "PH gene." Its full name is bone morphogenetic protein receptor II and some of its mutations have been found in families that have more than one member with pulmonary arterial hypertension (heritable PAH) and in some patients with no known family history of the disease (sporadic PAH). Read more about heritable PAH
Bradycardia: A slow heartbeat, generally less than 55 to 60 beats per minute.
Bronchiolitis obliterans: A disease of the lung tissue (small bronchial tubes and alveoli), not the blood vessels, usually from an unknown toxic exposure, infection and in chronic rejection after lung transplantation.
Calcium channel blockers (CCBs): Blood pressure medicines for systemic hypertension. CCBs have been found to decrease pulmonary artery pressures in a small percentage of PH patients. CCBs that may help include nifedipine (Procardia XL®, Adalat®), diltiazem (Cardizem®), and amlodipine (Norvasc®). Be aware that only certain PAH patients benefit from CCBs; in others, CCBs can do a lot of harm. Read more about conventional medical therapies
Cardiac catheterization: The definitive final diagnostic test performed to determine if a patient has pulmonary hypertension. Until a right-heart catheterization is performed, a diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension cannot be made. Read more about diagnositic tests
- Right-heart catheterization (RHC) is performed by placing a small catheter (tube) into a vein, usually a vein in the neck or groin. The tube is advanced in the direction of blood flow into the right side of the heart and then into the main pulmonary artery. Once the catheter is in the pulmonary artery, measurements of the blood pressure in the pulmonary artery can be made. Next, advancing the catheter into a pulmonary artery branch allows doctors to estimate the pressure on the left side of the heart. This is called a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. Read more about common tests in PH
- Left-heart catheterization (LHC) is performed in a similar manner except that the catheter is placed into an artery, usually the femoral artery in the groin. The catheter is advanced into the left side of the heart to make measurements of pressures in the aorta and left ventricle. These measurements may indicate the presence of a disease related to the structure and/or function of the left side of the heart. Left-sided heart disease can be a result of smoking, high cholesterol or high systemic blood pressure, which predispose to heart attacks.Or it can be a result of problems related to the structure and function of the heart valves in the left side of the heart (mitral and aortic valves), or even just a problem with the heart muscle itself (cardiomyopathy). Left-sided catheterizations sometimes use contrast dye to look at the blood vessels supplying the heart (coronary angiogram). Occasionally, your doctor may advise you to have both a right- and left-side heart catheterization to help make a diagnosis and to guide treatment. Read more about common tests in PH
Cardiac output: The total amount of blood the heart pumps per minute. In a healthy person this is about 5 to 6 liters per minute; in someone with severe PH it can be as low as 2 to 3 liters or less. (A human has about 5 liters [roughly 5.3 quarts] of blood inside of their arteries at any one time.)
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET): A way of determining cardiac and pulmonary function by measuring lung gas (oxygen and carbon dioxide) exchange efficiency. Read more about common tests for PH
Catheter: A hollow flexible tube that is inserted into a body cavity, duct or vessel to allow the passage of fluids. There are many types of "catheters." Below are descriptions of three specific to PH:
- A catheter that is placed in a central vein is called a "central line." It may also be known as a Hickman catheter, Broviac catheter, or a PICC line. A surgeon may use different areas to place one end of a central line catheter into a vein. It is then advanced it to a larger (central) vein leading to your heart. In PAH, the catheter it is typically used to administer intravenous medications, including epoprostenol or treprostinil.
- A subcutaneous catheter is a smaller flexible tube that is placed just under the skin in the fat tissue of the body. It is used to deliver medications. These catheters are usually placed by the patient or caregiver.
- A diagnostic catheter, a thin, hollow tube that is used to measure pressures in the heart and blood vessels. See cardiac catheterization.
Centers for Disease Control (CDC): A U.S. government agency that tracks all medical diseases in order to help with prevention and treatment of disease. The CDC publishes a weekly bulletin called Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), which helps establish how many patients are afflicted with certain diagnoses. Learn more about the CDC
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): A chronic disease characterized by difficulty in breathing due to over inflation of the lung sacs and/or constriction of the tubes leading to the air sacs. Learn more about COPD
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH): A form of pulmonary hypertension that is secondary to chronic (long-time) blood clots in the lungs.
Cialis®: An FDA-approved oral treatment of erectile dysfunction. Cialis® is the brand name for tadalafil (the same chemical used in the PAH drug, Adcirca®). See also tadalafil
Cirrhosis: A buildup of fiber-like tissue (scarring) in the liver, usually due to chronic liver disease.
Connective tissue disease (a.k.a. Collagen vascular disease/autoimmune disease): Disorders affecting joints (muscles, bones, tendons, cartilage), and solid organs of the body. Can be the result of an autoimmune (immune system in your body turns against itself) or genetic process (inherited disease). Types associated with PH include SLE (lupus), scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, and mixed connective tissue disease. Read more about scleroderma and PH
Congenital heart disease (CHD): A defect of the heart present at birth. The defects can be simple holes in the heart or much more complex defects. Learn more about CHD
Cor pulmonale: Enlargement of the right ventricle of the heart, which can be caused by pulmonary hypertension. Consists of symptoms of right side heart failure and fluid overload.
Coumadin®: The brand name for warfarin. It is a blood thinner prescribed for patients that are at risk of developing blood clots (see CTEPH). It is also given to patients with pulmonary hypertension (typically IPAH patients), as there is some evidence that the blood vessels with high pulmonary pressures can be prone to microscopic clots in their pulmonary blood vessels. Coumadin® can help prevent further clots and existing clots from getting bigger. Read more about conventional medical therapies
CPAP: Defined as Continuous Positive Airway Pressure. It is a small machine for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea and other respiratory diseases. In obstructive sleep apnea, the airway is "obstructed" due to a patient's size or changes in the airway anatomy that cause collapse during sleep. The CPAP air pressure helps hold open the airways. See also BiPAP machine
CREST syndrome: CREST is an acronym for calcinosis, Raynaud's syndrome, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly and telangiectasia. CREST is a form of scleroderma that results in calcium deposits in the skin, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal involvement, swollen fingers with tight skin, and reddened/discolored skin from by blood vessels. Patients with CREST syndrome are known to have a greater risk for developing pulmonary hypertension. Learn more about CREST syndrome
CT or CAT scan: An x-ray image of the inside of your body taken by narrow x-rays beamed at you from several angles and run through a computer to form an image with much greater detail than a single x-ray. It is excellent at evaluating solid organs and therefore is a common x-ray ordered for evaluation of the heart and lungs in patients with pulmonary hypertension. CAT stands for cross axial tomography. Read more about common tests in PH
Cyanosis: A bluish or purplish discoloration of the skin and mucus membranes caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood. It is often seen in the nails, face, lips and tongue.
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): Formation a blood clot in the veins deep in the body, most typically in the lower leg or thigh. Learn more about DVT
Diastole: The period when the heart is relaxing and filling with blood. Diastolic pressure is the bottom, lower number in your blood pressure. See also systole
Digoxin: A medication used to treat many different heart conditions. It may help a weak heart muscle squeeze better. Read more about conventional medical therapies
Diuretic: A chemical that helps you lose water by increasing the amount of urine. Sometimes called a "water pill" or "fluid pill." Read more about conventional medical therapies
Dyspnea: Labored breathing; shortness of breath.
Echocardiogram (echo): A test that uses moving pictures produced by ultrasonic waves (sound waves, or ultrasound) bounced off your heart to show its structures and functioning. The echocardiogram also estimates the pressures on the right side of the heart, which may help in the diagnosis and treatment of PAH. The pictures are produced in the same way a fetal ultrasound shows a baby in the mother's womb. Read more about diagnositic tests
Edema: Swelling caused by fluid in your body's tissues. It usually occurs in the feet, ankles and legs, but it can occur in your entire body. See also ascites
Eisenmenger syndrome: A syndrome that results from a birth defect where a hole in the heart that originally caused red, oxygenated blood to go from the left side of the heart to the right side of the heart and back to the lungs before it had a chance to be pumped to the body. After some time, this extra blood flow to the lungs damages the pulmonary arteries and PAH occurs. Over time, as the resistance in the lung arteries increases due to this damage, blue blood begins to skip going to the lungs and goes straight to the left side of the heart where it is pumped back to the body. See congenital heart disease and cyanosis. Learn more about Eisenmenger syndrome
Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG): An image produced by a device that records the electrical activity of the heart. Read more about diagnositic tests
Embolus (plural, emboli): A clump of something (usually a blood clot) or a bubble that has plugged up a blood vessel. An embolism is the blockage of a vessel by an embolus. It's usually a blood clot that has formed somewhere else and traveled to the lungs. A thrombus is a fibrinous blood clot that obstructs a blood vessel. If a thrombus forms in one place and moves to another, it is called a thrombotic embolus. These are all known as blood clots, and can result in PH.
Emphysema: A type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) involving damage to the air sacs in the lungs. Learn more about emphysema
Endothelin: A chemical made by the endothelium (see below). It causes the smooth muscles in the blood vessel's walls to constrict (tighten up). PAH patients have too much endothelin in their blood.
Endothelin receptor antagonists: Bosentan (Tracleer®) and ambrisentan (Letairis®) are medications that block endothelin from attaching to the endothelium receptors located in the smooth muscle cells of the pulmonary arteries. This prevents the vessels from tightening up/constricting and helps lower the pulmonary artery pressures. Read more about treatment options
Endothelium: The one-cell thick lining of the blood, lymph channels and the heart. Endothelial cells produce lots of chemical compounds that normally make blood vessel walls relax and dilate. In PAH there is an abnormality in the endothelium, which can result in the blood vessels' inability to relax and dilate. Abnormalities with the endothelium are one possible cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Enzymes: Organic substances made by cells that can act inside or outside of cells to control the rate of chemical reactions without the substance being changed themselves (an enzyme can help the same process along over and over).
Epidemiology: The study of illness in the population.
Epoprostenol sodium: An FDA-approved intravenous treatment for PAH. It is delivered intravenously through a central line catheter and with a small pump. Epoprostenol sodium is the chemical name for Flolan® and Veletri®. See also prostanoids
Etiology (ee-tee-AWL-o-gee): The cause of something, such as a disease.
Familial pulmonary arterial hypertension (FPAH): Old name for heritable (inherited) pulmonary arterial hypertension. See also heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension | Read more about heritable PH
Fibrin: The insoluble protein end product of blood coagulation, formed from fibrinogen by the action of thrombin in the presence of calcium ions. Thrombin acts on fibrinogen to form this insoluble protein called fibrin. (Part of the blood coagulation process.)
Fibrosis: Occurs when inflammation or other irritants cause a build-up of fiber-like tissue (scarring).
Flolan®: An FDA-approved intravenous treatment for PAH. Flolan® is the brand name for epoprostenol. See also epoprostenol sodium | Read more about Flolan®
Functional classifications for PH: A scale designed to define how sick someone with PH is based on how limited the patient is in his/her daily activities. There are two different scales that doctors use to define limitations:
- New York Heart Association (NYHA) scale for all cardiac patients. The scale is from one to four: Class I having no symptoms to Class IV in which symptoms occur at rest. Most PAH patients are diagnosed when they have Class II or III symptoms. Learn more about the NYHA scale
- World Health Organization (WHO) classifications are a modification the New York Heart Association (NYHA) categories for generic heart failure to make them specific to PH patients. The scale is also from one to four. The WHO and NYHA classes are very similar. One area where they differ is that if you are prone to fainting, you automatically go into Class IV under the WHO class. Learn more about WHO classifications
Gaucher's disease: An inherited disease where the inherited lack of an enzyme leads to the accumulation of a fatty substance. If the fatty cells accumulate in the lungs, it can lead to secondary PH.
Gene, PH: See BMPR2 gene | Read more about heritable PH
Hemodynamics: The pressure measurements obtained during the right and left heart catheterization. Typically, in PH, hemodynamics refers to pulmonary blood pressures, cardiac output and the calculation of pulmonary resistance, which is a combination of both the pulmonary artery pressure and the cardiac output.
Heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (HPAH): This term is used when the BMPR2 gene has been identified and/or there is a family history of pulmonary hypertension. It is the new term for what used to be called familial pulmonary arterial hypertension (FPAH). Read more about heritable PH
Hickman catheter: An intravenous line used to administer medication. See also catheter
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): An infection that causes the immune system to fail and makes the body prone to infectious organisms that typically would not cause infections. Patients with HIV infection can develop PAH at a rate higher than the general population. The reason is unknown. Read more about HIV and PH
Hypertension: Abnormally high blood pressure.
Hypotension: Abnormally low blood pressure.
Hypoxemia: A low concentration of oxygen in the blood. This condition can make the pulmonary vessels contract and raise pulmonary artery pressure.
Hypoxia: A low concentration of oxygen in the air that is breathed, such as occurs aboard an airliner or high on a mountain.
Idiopathic: A medical term that is used to describe a disease that has no known underlying cause.
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH): Formerly called primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH). It means pulmonary arterial hypertension where the cause is unknown. It is very rare, with an incidence of approximately 2 to 5 per million worldwide. Read more about types of PH
Iloprost: An FDA-approved inhaled treatment for PAH. Iloprost is the chemical name for Ventavis®. See also prostanoids | Read more about iloprost
International normalized range (INR) level: A blood test used to determine how long it takes your blood to clot (how thin the blood is). It is used to determine how much Coumadin®/warfarin to prescribe to a patient to help keep the blood thin.
Intravenous (IV): Literally "inside the vein." Used to designate fluids or medications administered via a catheter or needle placed into the vein. An intravenous administration is called an infusion.
Ischemia: A localized, temporary reduction in blood flow resulting in tissue/organ damage. In cardiac ischemia, blocked blood flow results in chest pain and can result in a heart attack. Ischemia can happen in any organ/tissue of the body.
Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival (a.k.a. Kaplan-Meier survival plot): A statistical technique that allows researchers to estimate survival in research studies.
Left-heart catheterization: See cardiac catheterization
Lesion: An area of diseased or injured tissue.
Letairis®: An FDA-approved oral treatment for PAH. Letairis® is the brand name for ambrisentan. See also ambrisentan |Read more about Letairis®
Lupus: See systemic lupus erythematous
Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mean PAP): A measurement calculated using the upper (systolic) and lower (diastolic) numbers of the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP). See also pulmonary artery pressure
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): An imaging technique that uses a strong magnetic field and low-energy radio waves to make pictures of the inside of the body. MRI images usually have great detail, and can allow doctors to make some diagnoses much easier. In PH, MRI is currently being used to capture better pictures of the heart, heart valves and the functioning of the heart than seen on an echocardiogram. Sometimes used with radiopaque dye. Read more about common tests in PH
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI): A government institute that is part of the National Institutes of Health. The NHLBI coordinates basic research, clinical investigations and trials, observational studies, and education projects related to the causes, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of heart, blood vessel, lung and blood diseases as well as sleep disorders. PHA interacts with the NHLBI through the agency's Public Interest Organizations group. Learn more about the NHLBI
National Institutes of Health (NIH): The National Institutes of Health, a part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services whose mission is "to seek fundamental knowledge about the nature and behavior of living systems and the application of that knowledge to enhance health, lengthen life, and reduce the burdens of illness and disability." Learn more about the NIH
Nebulizer: A machine that can aerosolize (change into small particles) medications so that they can be inhaled.
Nitric oxide (NO): A potent vasodilator in gas form. (Not the same thing as nitrous oxide, which is "laughing gas" used during dental procedures.) It is delivered through a face mask or nasal cannula like oxygen. It has been approved by the FDA for use in newborn babies with persistent pulmonary hypertension. It is being used experimentally for adults with PAH.
Oximeter/pulse oximeter: A device to measure the concentration of oxygen in your blood by measuring the color in your skin (usually finger or earlobe). Normal saturation is around 97 to 100 percent. In patients with lung disease, it is generally desirable to be above 90 percent "saturated." Some patients with congenital heart disease have to live with saturations less than 90 percent, since oxygen supplementation does not usually increase their saturation.
Oxygen: An essential element that is needed to sustain life. Oxygen, or O2, is often given as inhaled gas to patients when their oxygen level in the bloodstream is low. Low oxygen occurs with lung disease (PAH, COPD, pneumonia, etc.) and when there is low oxygen content in the air such as at high altitude. Read more about conventional medical therapies
Oxygen saturation (or sat): A measurement of how much oxygen is in the blood. Also called "O2 sat."
Palpitation: A sensation of rapid, skipped or pounding heartbeats. Sometimes more noticeable when sitting quietly.
Pathogenesis: The origin and development of a disease
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN): Occurs when a newborn's arteries to the lungs remain constricted after delivery, cutting down on blood flow to the lungs and resulting in PH. PPHN is treated with inhaled nitric oxide. Learn more about PPHN
Phosphodiesterase (PDE-5) inhibitors: A type of medication that inhibits (blocks) the enzyme phosphodiesterase (PDE-5). PDE-5 breaks down a molecule called cyclic GMP (cGMP). cGMP is the "messenger" of nitric oxide (NO) that causes vasodilation (opening up of the blood vessels). Blocking the breakdown of cGMP then leads to more NO effects. These medications, including sildenafil (Viagra®), tadalafil (Cialis®) and vardenafil (Levitra®), were first used to treat erectile dysfunction. Brand name drugs Revatio® (sildenafil) and Adcirca® (tadalafil) are the only PDE-5 mediations specifically approved for the treatment of PAH. Read more about treatment options
Portopulmonary hypertension: PH that develops due to high blood pressure in the liver. Usually caused by cirrhosis (scarring). Read more about PH and liver disease
Primary pulmonary hypertension: Old classification for PH without a known cause. See also idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Prostacyclin: A substance made by our bodies that helps regulate blood vessel "tone" by dilating the blood vessels. It is particularly active in the blood vessels of the lungs and is found to be in very low amounts in patients with PH. It is because of this fact that scientists first thought that the addition of man-made prostacyclin (epoprostenol) to the blood by infusion or inhalation could result in vasodilation of the pulmonary arteries. They were correct! The study of epoprostenol infusion for PH in the 1980s and early 1990s proved helpful to PH patients and led to its approval in 1995. As it turns out, in addition to being a vasodilator, prostacyclin may inhibit the growth and thickening of the pulmonary vessel walls, and make platelets less "sticky," both very good things for treating PH. You may not know … The name prostacyclin comes from the prostate gland because prostaglandin was first isolated from seminal fluid and was thought to have been made by the prostate! Read a brief note about blood vessels
Prostanoids: Prostanoids are a family of chemicals normally made in the body that help regulate blood vessel tone (see above). Members of the prostanoid family of drugs are chemically very similar to one another (they are analogs). Prostacyclin is a type of prostanoid. Present prostacyclin analogs (commonly referred to as prostanoids) include epoprostenol sodium (Flolan®), treprostinil sodium (Remodulin®), generic epoprostenol, room-temperature stable epoprostenol (Veletri®), iloprost (Ventavis®), and inhaled treprostinil (Tyvaso®). These prostacyclin analogs help many PH patients by dilating blood vessels, reducing clotting, slowing down the growth of smooth muscle cells, and improving cardiac output. Although they are all in the same class of drugs, chemically they are not identical, and their toxicity, side effects and effectiveness may differ. Read a brief note about blood vessels
Pulmonary: Relating to the lungs.
Pulmonary angiogram: An x-ray of the blood vessels injected with dye that highlights any blockages. Read more about common tests in PH
Pulmonary artery: The blood vessels carrying blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs, where the blood is oxygenated. It starts out as the main pulmonary artery, then branches into the right and left pulmonary arteries feeding the right and left lungs, respectively, then continues to branch into smaller and smaller blood vessels, eventually becoming capillaries that exchange oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2)with the alveoli (air sacs).
Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP): A measurement of the blood pressure in the pulmonary artery. It has a systolic (upper) and diastolic (lower) component. This is written like a traditional blood pressure measurement. An example for PH is a pulmonary artery pressure 90/40. See mean pulmonary artery pressure. See also mean pulmonary artery pressure
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH): Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is more specific than the general term "pulmonary hypertension" (see pulmonary hypertension below). PAH is high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries from disease of the medium- and small-sized vessels of the lung, causing them to narrow and decrease blood flow. Read more about types of PH
Pulmonary artery wedge pressure: A measurement obtained during right heart catheterization (see also cardiac catheterization). A balloon on the tip of the right heart catheter is inflated (wedged) in the pulmonary artery where it can also estimate pulmonary vein pressures.
Pulmonary function tests (PFTs): A series of tests to find out how much air your lungs can hold, how well they move air in and out, and how well they exchange oxygen. You breathe into a device called a spirometer, or flow meter. The tests can help diagnose some conditions that cause PH. Read more about diagnositic tests
Pulmonary hypertension (PH): Pulmonary hypertension is a general term used to describe high pressure in the pulmonary arteries from any cause. Read more about types of PH
Pulmonary hypertension gene: See BMPR2 gene. Others are yet be discovered.
Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE): A surgical procedure to remove a blood clot (or clots) in the pulmonary arteries in the lungs.
Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR): A measure of how difficult it is for the heart to pump blood through the lungs. PVR is a calculation obtained during cardiac catheterization. The PVR is often very high in patients with pulmonary hypertension.
Pulmonary vein: The blood vessel returning oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the left side of the heart.
Pulmonary venous hypertension: A condition in which blood flow through the left side of the heart is decreased, causing a backup of blood in the pulmonary veins and therefore causing higher pulmonary vein and pulmonary artery pressure. This cause of this disease is not in the pulmonary arteries, and therefore is not usually treated with drugs designed to treat PAH.
Raynaud's phenomenon: When fingers get blue and cold easily, and sometimes painful because of blood vessel spasms. Persons with PAH can also have Raynaud's phenomenon. It is also associated with autoimmune disorders. Learn more about Raynaud's phenomenon
Remodulin®: An FDA-approved intravenous or subcutaneous treatment for PAH. Remodulin® is the brand name for the intravenous and subcutaneous forms of treprostinil. See also treprostinil | Read more about Remodulin®
Revatio®: An FDA-approved oral treatment for PAH. Revatio® is the brand name for sildenafil. See also sildenafil | Read more about Revatio®
Right atrial pressure: The pressure in the right atrium of the heart. Usually the right atrial pressure is less than 5 mmHg. Elevated right atrial pressure is a sign of right-heart failure and too much fluid in the body.
Right-heart catheterization: See also cardiac catheterization
Right ventricle: The chamber of the heart that pumps un-oxygenated blood through the pulmonary arteries into the lungs. In PH patients, this chamber is often enlarged, its walls are thickened, and its ability to contract is reduced.
Sarcoidosis: A disease in which swelling (inflammation) occurs in the lymph nodes, lungs, liver, eyes, skin or other tissues. In the lungs it can form granulomas (small areas of inflammation due to tissue injury) and fibrosis (scarring), which can cause PH. Learn more about sarcoidosis
Scleroderma: A progressive and possibly fatal disease in which the body's tissues slowly harden. In some persons, only the skin is affected; in others, even the internal organs harden, including the lungs. It is not known what causes it but there is a genetic component, and it is more common in women than in men. Scleroderma is a common cause of both PH and sometimes PAH. Read more about scleroderma and PH
Secondary pulmonary hypertension (SPH): The old classification for PH that occurred due to another disease or condition. See also associated pulmonary arterial hypertension
Sickle cell anemia: A genetic disease in which the red, normally round blood cells of the body form different shapes (sickle shape). This may result in severe joint pain, low oxygen states, chest pain, and PH due to the fact that the abnormally-shaped red blood cells cannot flow through the arteries and veins normally. Patients with sickle cell disease require frequent blood transfusions and pain medications to manage their disease. Read more about sickle cell disease and PH
Sildenafil: An FDA-approved oral treatment for PAH. Sildenafil is the chemical name for Revatio® and Viagra®. See also phosphodiesterase inhibitors | Read more about sildenafil
Six-minute walk test (6MWT)/six-minute walk distance (6MWD): A measurement of how far you can walk in six minutes, including your oxygenation and how short of breath you are at completion. Six-minute walk tests are often used as a measure of whether your PH is improving or worsening. Read more about common tests in PH
Sleep apnea: A disorder in which pauses in breathing occur during sleep. Learn more about sleep apnea
Specialty pharmacy: These are special pharmacies developed by regular pharmacies usually to dispense high-cost medications, infusion medications that are complicated to manage, and medications for rare diseases. Specialty pharmacies have a better understanding of a patient's disease, and have specialized medical staff who can instruct patients how to use specialty medications. Read more about specialty pharmacies
Subcutaneous: Beneath or under all the layers of skin. Some PAH medications are delivered "subcutaneously."
Syncope: Fainting because of a temporary insufficiency of blood to the brain.
Systemic: Something that affects the body generally rather than just affecting one of the body's parts.
Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE): A progressive autoimmune inflammatory disease of connective tissue. Its cause is unknown and it is often fatal. A skin rash is often present that spreads across the face in a butterfly wing pattern. The disease often involves the heart and lungs. It is associated with PAH (patients with SLE are much more likely to get PAH than people in the general population — the general incidence of IPAH is only one or two in a million). Also known as lupus.
Systole: The period when your heart is contracting and squeezing blood out. Systolic pressure is the top, higher number in your blood pressure. See also diastole
Tadalafil: An FDA-approved oral treatment for PAH. Tadalafil is the chemical name for Adcirca® and Cialis®. See also phosphodiesterase inhibitors | Read more about tadalafil
Teratogenic: A substance capable of interfering with the development of a fetus, causing developmental malformations of birth defects.
Tracleer®: An FDA-approved oral treatment of PAH. Tracleer® is the brand name for bosentan. See also bosentan | Read more about Tracleer®
Treprostinil: An FDA-approved intravenous, subcutaneous and inhaled treatment of PAH. Treprostinil is the chemical name for Remodulin® (intravenous and subcutaneous) and Tyvaso® (inhaled). See also prostanoids | Read more about treprostinil
Tyvaso®: An FDA-approved inhaled treatment for PAH. Tyvaso® is the brand name for the inhaled form of treprostinil. See also treprostinil | Read more about Tyvaso®
Vasoconstrictor: Anything that narrows the blood vessels, thereby increasing blood pressure.
- A brief word about blood vessels: In our blood vessels, there is a balance between constriction (closing) and dilation (opening) so that blood flow through the blood vessels can be regulated. Blood vessel tone has to do with how much constriction and dilation is going on in the blood vessel at a given time. Constriction of a blood vessel is called vasoconstriction, and dilation of a blood vessel is called vasodilation.
Vasodilator: Anything that relaxes and widens blood vessels, thereby decreasing blood pressure.
Viagra®: An FDA-approved oral treatment for erectile dysfunction. Viagra® is the brand name for sildenafil (the same chemical used in the PAH drug, Revatio®). See also sildenafil
Veletri®: An FDA-approved intravenous treatment for PAH. Veletri® is the brand name for a form of epoprostenol that is stable at room temperature (meaning it can be used without ice packs for 24 hours). See also prostanoids | Read more about Veletri®
Ventavis: An FDA-approved inhaled treatment for PAH. Ventavis is the brand name for iloprost. See also iloprost | Read more about Ventavis
Ventricle: Cavity or chamber in the body. In PH, ventricle generally refers to either of the two lower chambers of the heart that receive blood from the atria (top chambers of the heart) and pump the blood to the lungs (right ventricle does this), or to the body (left ventricle does this).
Ventricular septal defect (VSD): A hole in the ventricular septum, the wall that separates the right and left lower chambers of the heart. The hole allows blood to communicate between these two chambers. See congenital heart disease and Eisenmenger syndrome. Learn more about VSD
VO2: A measure of the amount of oxygen (O2) that the body takes in (and thus uses). Doctors measure peak VO2 during exercise; the higher the number, the better the ability of your heart and lungs to deliver oxygen to your body. It is measured in milliliters of oxygen per minute.
Ventilation/perfusion, or V/Q scan. Involves two types of scans: a ventilation scan shows where air flows in the lungs and a perfusion scan shows where blood flows in the lungs.
Warfarin: Also known as Coumadin®. See also anticoagulant medications

subset: commoncrawl


text:
With the Illini: Fans ready to believe in football team
A football guy once said, "I would rather be a bad coach coaching good players than a good coach coaching bad players.''
Summer is over for Big Ten Conference football coaches, who meet today with the media in the Loop for the first of two days of questions and answers about the upcoming season. For Illinois fans, the question is if Ron Zook can coach as well as he can recruit.
Zook begins the third year as Illinois head coach with just four wins combined in the first two seasons but plenty of optimism from a recruiting class generally regarded as a top 20 class nationally. Wide receiver Arrelious Benn and Martez Wilson (who wants to play on both sides of the ball) are incoming freshmen who highlight the best of Zook's first three classes here.
Because of the recruiting success and improvement on defense last fall, Illinois fans believe. They put their money behind it. Illinois filled more new season ticket orders than any year since the school began charting season ticket sales in 1981.
Illinois' season ticket numbers rose from 23,000 last year to 34,000 this summer. Student sales also rose by 1,700. With Memorial Stadium under a renovation that dropped the capacity to 57,078 for the upcoming season, home-field advantage apparently has returned.
The season opener is Sept. 1 against Missouri at the Edward Jones Dome in St. Louis. The home opener comes Sept. 8 against Western Illinois.
Quarterback Juice Williams not only returned for his sophomore season with some experience, but he's also bigger and stronger. After surviving his first season somewhere near 220 pounds, Williams will enter preseason camp Friday at 233 pounds with only 5 percent body fat. Williams must learn to beat defenses with his passing arm, but the already-powerful runner will now be even harder to tackle.
After split-squad practices on campus Friday and Saturday and media day Sunday, Camp Rantoul opened Monday. Practices are free and open to the public.
Just what to expect from the Illini is undecided, if you look at the preseason magazines. The Sporting News tabbed the Illini as a bowl team. Street & Smith's picked the Illini to finish last in the Big Ten.
By the middle of the month, a final resolution is expected concerning the status of guard Jamar Smith, who missed the final eight games of the basketball season last winter. Smith pleaded guilty to felony driving under the influence in May and served a 15-day sentence in the Champaign County jail. After his release, Smith attended summer semester classes at Illinois.
A disciplinary review board already decided to allow Smith to remain a student. It's possible the school would ask Smith to redshirt the upcoming season and return for 2008-09. On the court, the Illini need Smith's scoring ability, although his production suffered last season when his shooting stroke mysteriously faltered last season.
While skeptics keep an intense eye on Illini recruiting, perhaps coach Bruce Weber might get some indirect help from Michael Jordan, who has already made two trips to the Champaign-Urbana campus to visit his son, freshman walk-on Jeff Jordan.
MJ's presence on campus can't do anything but help Weber's recruiting. MJ already took the incoming freshman class to dinner. Can you imagine Riverton's Mike Tisdale and Peoria Richwood's Billy Cole sitting at the same table with the world's most recognized basketball player?
Big Ten Network
Illinois rebuilt the professional development room at the Bielfeldt Athletic Administration Building into a studio for the Big Ten Network, a cable channel that will revolutionize TV coverage of the conference when it goes live in late August. All 11 of the league's schools provided a satellite studio for the fledgling channel, but saturation through the central Illinois cable systems hasn't yet occurred.
While a contract hasn't been completed with Insight (Comcast takes over the cable companies business in central Illinois later this year), negotiations continue. The Big Ten wants the channel on basic cable. The cable companies apparently prefer the channel on a higher-priced cable television level. The clock is ticking before the football season begins.
We'll see who blinks first.
John Supinie covers University of Illinois athletics for GateHouse News Service. He can be reached at email@example.com.


text:
ARM Cortex-M0, 50 MHz, 16 kB ROM, 4 kB RAM
The LPC1100 series is designed for low cost 8/16-bit microcontroller applications, offering performance, low power, simple instruction set and memory addressing together with reduced code size compared to existing 8/16-bit architectures. Typical applications include 8-/16-bit applications, eMetering, Lighting, Alarm systems, Consumer peripherals, Mobile devices and White goods. - Three reduced power modes: Sleep, Deep-sleep, and Deep power-down. - Unique device serial number for identification. - Extended temperature (-40 C to +105 C)
- Processor:Cortex-M0, 50 MHz
- ROM:16 kB
- RAM:4 kB
- Other Memory:1 x 2kB EEPROM
- Maximum Clock Frequency:50 MHz,
- SPI:1 x SPI
- I2C:1 x I2C
- UART:1 x UART
- ADC:8-channel x 10 bit ADC
- DAC:1-channel x 10 bit DAC
- Temperature Sensor:1 x
- Other:1 x
- Operating Temperature Range:-40 °C .. 85 °C Operating Temperature Range
- I/Os:18 Inputs/Outputs
- Package, CSP:20-ball
|Development Tools
|CMSIS Drivers
|No CMSIS-Driver in Device Family Pack.


text:
ECE497 Notes on Installing Angstrom via Narcissus
Here's another precompiled approach that creates a complete disk image, but gives you some control over what is in the image. The first listed creates the image used for the ICASSP 2011 tutorial/workshop. The second one does an older image.
ETC 2011 image
The ETC image is pretty much the same as the FIE image, but with a couple of things cleaned up. I moved to using git for managing the exercises folder. There some gpio and pwm examples.
FIE 2011 image
The FIE image is pretty much the same as the ICASSP image, but with a couple of things cleaned up.
ICASSP 2011 image
This is the image that Daniel Allred at TI created to support c6run.
Make a beagleboard boot image and SDK image from Narcissus. These steps are more or less in line from those taken here.
- Select beagleboard as the machine
- Select a unique name (or use the random one provided)
- Select advanced for options
- Select stable 2011.03 for base of rootfs
- Select regular base system
- Select udev for /dev manager
- Select sysvinit for init manager
- Select OMAP SD image for image type
- Software manifest is no (really it doesn't matter unless you plan to redistribute this stuff)
- Set SDK type as Full SDK for generated filesystem and select the appropriate 32bit Intel for host (our Ubuntu install is 32-bit)
- Select X11 for the user environment
- For the X11 desktop environment, ok to leave it blank
- For Additional packages:
- Under Development packages select:
- Perl
- Toolchain
- Native (on-target) SDK
- Native (on-target) Qt Embedded SDK
- Native (on-target) Qt X11 SDK Development
- Under Network related packages select:
- Dropbear SSH server
- NTPdate
- Under Platform specific packages:
- Texas Instruments OMAP3x/AM3x family select:
- Matrix GUI for QT/X11
- PowerVR SGX demos for X11
- PowerVR SGX gfxdriver plugin for QT/X11
- TI texture streaming demo for X11
- Texas Instruments OMAP3x/DaVinci/OMAPL family (using DSP) select:
- TI DSPLINK Example Applications
- TI Codec Engine Example Applications
- Texas Instruments Gstreamer plugins
- Various demonstration configs select:
- Beagleboard validation GNOME image
- Texas Instruments OMAP3x/AM3x family select:
- Under Development packages select:
Now click Build Me! This will take some time.
The result of the build will be several files. (MM=month of creation, XXXX=unique name you provided)
- Angstrom-2011.MM-narcissus-beagleboard-i686-XXXX-image-sdk.tar.gz image with the SDK
- XXXX-image-beagleboard.tar.gz image with the file system contents.
- XXXX-image-beagleboard-sd-1GiB.img.gz is a 1GB SD card image.
- XXXX-image-beagleboard-sd-4GiB.img.gz is a 4GB SD card image.
Now we need to install the SDK image
tar -C ~/toolchains -xzf Angstrom-2011.MM-narcissus-beagleboard-i686-XXXX-image-sdk.tar.gz
(again, MM=month of creation)
This will install the toolchain to
~/toolchains/usr/local/angstrom/arm. This is a little long so let's move it
mv ~/toolchains/usr/local/angstrom/arm ~/toolchains/arm-angstrom rm -Rf ~/toolchains/usr
So now we have the ARM compiler ready to be used. We will use the SD card image later.
Get ready for DSP Development
- Download the latest C6Run release package from here.
- Unzip the C6Run package
$ tar -xzf ~/Downloads/C6Run_X_YY_ZZ_WW.tar.gz
This will create a directory C6Run_X_YY_ZZ_WW in the current directory (I just use my home directory).
- Download the Texas Instruments C6000 Compiler tools (version 7.2.2 or later) from here.
Note that this requires you to have a login with my.ti.com. This is a little annoying.
- Install the DSP compiler to $(HOME)/toolchains
$ mkdir -p ~/toolchains $ chmod +x ~/Downloads/ti_cgt_c6000_7.2.2_setup_linux_x86.bin $ ~/Downloads/ti_cgt_c6000_7.2.2_setup_linux_x86.bin --mode silent --installto ~/toolchains
This takes a minute and installs silently (you are implicitly agreeing to some EULA when you do this). The DSP toolchain will be in
Setup c6run
- Let's setup up c6Run so we can build DSP code.
- Edit the Rules.mak to point to the right ARM and DSP toolchains:
CODEGEN_INSTALL_DIR ?= $(HOME)/toolchains/TI_CGT_C6000_7.2.2 ARM_TOOLCHAIN_PATH ?= $(HOME)/toolchains/arm-angstrom ARM_TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX ?= arm-angstrom-linux-gnueabi-
It also appears that we need to make sure that the LINUXUTILS_VERSION is set to 2_25_05_11. Without this, any application built with C6Run won't work on the current 2011.03 build generated by Narcissus since the kernel module inlcuded is based on the older LinuxUtils.
- Now get all dependent components to build back-end libararies. The fetching and install may take some time
$ cd ~/C6Run_X_YY_ZZ_WW $ make get_components
- Edit the file platforms/beagleboard-xM/platform.mak and get rid of the redefines of the ARM_TOOLCHAIN_PATH and ARM_TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX (since we want to use the version we just set above in Rules.mak)
- Select beagleboard-xM config
$ make beagleboard-xM_config
- build the back-end libraries
$ make gpp_libs dsp_libs
- Source the environment for the C6Run tools
$ source environment.sh
- Build all the examples and test cases to make sure things work
$ make examples tests
If that all worked, then C6Run is ready to be used to build DSP code for use with ARM programs
- Now we can get the Beagle up and running. We will use the XXXX-image-beagleboard-sd-4GiB.img.gz file generated by Narcissus.
Older 2010 image
- Go to here
- Under Select the machine you want to build your rootfs image for: select beagleboard
There are many configurations you can try. For starts try
- Scroll to almost the bottom and select Platform specific packages:
- Again scroll to near the bottom and select Linuxtag 2010 beagleboard demo
- Click Build me! and wait
- Once the image is created, follow the instructions to download the image. It's big so it will take a while
Once the image is build you will have two files to download. One is a disk image of the CD card and the other is the root file system.
- Download both of these
- Run
host$ sudo zcat XXX | dd of=/dev/of/your/sd bs=8225280. This will partition and format the SD card and install the files needed to boot Linux. It took me about 3 minutes.
- run
host$ sync</sync> to be sure all the files have been written.
- Next, uncompress the root file system image on the CD card.
host$ cd /media/rootfs
host$ tar -xvf ~/Documents/....
host$ sync
Eject the SD and plug it in your Beagle and power it up.


text:
We are proud to announce our 3rd Annual Shavuos Contest. Last year's prize (a beautiful basket of cholov Yisroel N&K cheeses), went to Pessy Haskelevich in the Crown Heights section of Brooklyn; the year before that Brachie S. from Lakewood took the top honors and also received a great selection of cholov Yisroel N&K cheeses. Both times Brigitte Mizrahi, from Anderson International Foods graciously supplied the prizes.
This year Brent Delman from The Cheese Guy.com is supplying the prize:
Two winners will be selected and each will receive a basket consisting of: Italian Montaggio and Pecorino Romano, Pepper Jack, Mild Cheddar, Monterrey Jack and Aged Havarti as well as a jar of honey and a jar of Swiss Hero preserves. All cheeses are cholov Yisroel.
The last date for entries will be May 25th (the Friday prior to erev Shavuot which will start on Motzey Shabbat) at 12:00pm. We will choose the best dairy recipe using cheeses as one of the ingredients. We've had some great entries in the past, be creative and send us your best. Winners will be announced on June 4th, the first Monday following Shavuot.
You may enter multiple times if you believe you have more than one possible winning entry. We can't wait to sample those recipes!
Please send us your recipes to:


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Maple Pot de Crème
September 18, 2010 at 1:08 pm 92 comments
I've never gone this long without baking.
I realize now that I took everything back home for granted – ingredients, books, supplies. Here, I don't even own a fork. I miss my glossy black oven and my vials of vanilla beans, but I'm making the best of things. On Sunday I visited a friend who lives in Boston. Her kitchen is all blue, yellow, and white, flooded with light and breathtakingly lovely. I baked a triple lemon yogurt loaf (no photos, but heartfelt thanks to D- and her beautiful family) and brought some home to share with my floor.
The dorm food here is, well, my least favorite aspect of the school. It's all wilted spinach, dried-out pizza and artificial-cherry Jello. Disappointing, if unsurprising. It's even more frustrating than the screechy subway or our tiny elevators, which are always hot with the breath of people past. When the longing for good food overwhelms, I look through my collection of photos.
I had sixty recipes to choose from for this post, and I am so excited to share this particular one with you. Sixty recipes baked, fried, and frozen over the course of a few weeks, and this is possibly the stand out. Maple Pot de Crème. Would you believe that something so innocent could be so dangerous?
Back in July, I baked four or five desserts every day. The first thing I did when I woke up was preheat the oven, and the last thing I did before bed was wrap up any dessert left to cool on the counter. Every Sunday I gave my dad a bite out of everything, so he could taste test it all. On that particular morning, there were a lot of things to try.
He'd sampled everything by the time I drew the pot de crème from the fridge, the last thing to try in this buffet of sugar. This pot de crème was the creamiest, smoothest, silkiest custard I've ever made. I don't know whether it's the recipe, since I haven't made it again, or if I just got lucky, but this particular batch of pot de crème was extraordinary. You could tell, even as the spoon sunk in. I watched him frown, speechless, and reach for another bite.
He scraped the ramekin clean.
We waited half an hour, and then I couldn't help it. I reached for another. We knew it was a bad idea – my dad's stomach has been in poor health recently – and I even joked about the amount of cream and yolk in every spoonful. It was a mistake, but a delicious one. All we could think was how close to perfection this pot de crème was, and how lucky we were to have it.
Not an hour later, my dad was balled up on the couch, and I was running down the street with my shoes half on. A neighbor drove us to the emergency room. It was rush hour, the car was barely advancing, the slightest bump made my father groan and why were we moving so slowly? Numbly, all I could think from somewhere in the back of my head was, "I shouldn't have given him all that dessert."
By the time we got to the hospital, thankfully, his pain was starting to lessen. By the time my mother ran in, he reassured her that he was fine. After a few hours, the pain had subsided, and we knew he was going to be okay.
This is the kind of man my dad is: after the attack was over and he was discharged, my mother left to bring the car around. As my father and I stood in front of the hospital, he leaned against a post, exhausted and still weak. Another car pulled up, and a middle-aged lady struggled to open a wheelchair and help her frail mother into it. Despite everything, my father had jogged over before I'd even straightened up, holding the mother's arm and guiding her into the seat.
Before they walked away, the woman said to him, "The world would be such a beautiful place if there were more people in it like you."
It's true.
And when our Toyota pulled up to the curb and we piled in to go back home, he said, "I kind of want another maple pot de crème." They're just that good.
My dad finally had the surgery he needed, and while multiple pots de crème still might not be advisable, he's going to be great. Last week was his birthday, and while I wasn't there to make something special, I hope this post makes him smile. Happy birthday Dad, I love and miss you. You're the best father anyone could ask for, even from across the country.
[PS: Many readers have asked where I got the ramekins. They were a gift from my grandma to my dad, who later regifted them to me. After a lot of googling, I managed to find them – they're part of the Andrea by Sadek collection and can be bought at this link.]
Months later, I still sometimes dream about this pot de crème. It's so creamy and smooth, just decadent. And while I'm not a big fan of maple syrup, I couldn't get enough of this. The maple flavor is pure and complex – use the best maple syrup you've got, because the flavor really shines.
I didn't make it 100% perfectly, because a slight crust formed on the top, but once broken with your spoon it gave into the most velvety custard. Incredible.
When you pull the pots de crème out of the oven, they should be set, but still jiggle in the center when shook. The custard will thicken after chilling in the fridge.
Maple Pots de Crème
From Closet Cooking
Makes 4 servings
1 1/2 cups heavy cream
1/2 cup maple syrup
1/4 teaspoon salt
4 egg yolks
1/2 teaspoon vanilla extract
Preheat the oven to 300 degrees F and arrange four ramekins in a rimmed baking dish.
Combine the cream, maple syrup, and salt in a small saucepan. Heat until it comes to a simmer. In a medium bowl, whisk together the egg yolks and vanilla extract. Using a small ladle, add some hot cream to the egg yolks a few tablespoons at a time. Whisk the egg yolks into the cream in the saucepan until combined. Strain the mixture through a fine sieve.
Pour the mixture into the four ramekins. Carefully pour enough hot water into the rimmed baking dish to come halfway up the sides of the ramekins. Bake until the edges are set but the center gently jiggles when shook, about 50-60 minutes. Remove the ramekins from the water bath and cool to room temperature. Eat, or cover each ramekin with plastic wrap and keep in the fridge (I prefer them cold.)
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Entry filed under: Other Treats. Tags: autumn, cream, creamy, custard, Dad, family, maple, winter.
92 Comments Add your own
Gallbladder attack? I had mine removed after my first daughter was born. The attacks were worse than labor and sent me to the ER, twice. I'd advise avoiding all fatty foods for several months or he'll definitely regret it. Glad he's doing better though.
I love those ramekins. So cute! I lived in Boston (the south end) for a summer with my brother and his wife. I miss it. Beautiful city.
Hi Elissa, these look incredible and I want to make them so much, but I live in New Zealand and we don't have heavy cream here… Do you have any ideas for a potential substitute?
Also, I feel duty bound to tell you that your raspberry choc ganache cake is renowned in my neighbourhood – I make it all the time!
I was looking for a dessert to serve in small ramikens and these are just right for this time of year. I noticed someone mentioned gall bladder..did your dad have problems with it? I ask because my mother has similar attacks …going to hospital and all that leave her weak aswell. No doctors have been able to tell her what it is.
This looks delicious, I have never tasted it before. I love dessert with individual servings for dinner parties.
That does look creamy dreamy smooth…very nice. And if an ill father was willing to eat it all with a risk of hospitalization, I imagine it tastes just amazing as well. Beautiful post!
You just made me cry. What a beautiful tribute to your father. I hope he is doing better, and I hope you find a Boston kitchen to play in on a regular basis.
I didn't to the pots cos I'm not a creme kinda person but oh the lemon cake! I made that one sans frosting. It was so delicious with the lemon vanilla bean sauce I made. Thanks for the recommendation Elissa.
And you have a great dad. My dad (before I got married) used to scold me for baking and making desserts. Anything with sugar, butter and cream is evil to him so I never got to bake much, except when done in secret. You have great parents. Keep on keeping on!
Hi, these were absolutely delectable! Thanks so much for the post. I actually made these the same day you posted it, and I too had a crust top that developed. It was good. However, as I am reading through the "Art & Soul of Baking" by Cindy Mushet, I've discovered why that crust develops. Basically, "custards are always covered during baking because the dry heat of the oven in direct contact with the surface of the custard can cause a a skin or crack to form." She recommends that you lightly cover each cup individually with aluminum foil making sure that the foil does not touch the custard, or loosely cover the whole pan, to avoid the skin/crust from forming. Just lightly cover though because you don't want to create an airtight environment, which will cause the steam to build up making them cook rapidly and curdling them. Hope this helps. Nonetheless, crust and all, this recipe totally rocked! Thanks!
Wow, those look absolutely delicious! I love how creamy they are – I'm definitely a fan of creme, yum!
Your story about you missing your dad made me cry. You are both so blessed to have each other. You are an amazing writer and cook!
Have you announced which college you're at yet?
Hope you've enjoyed your first week/s as a college freshman. Just keep a stack of recipes that you want to try out at Thanksgiving and get your parents to post them to you!
Elissa! This post absolutely made my mouth water instantly. Crème brûlées and any types of pots de crème are my favourite desserts.
I am so inspired by your blog. I recently stumbled upon Whisk Kid and was amazed at the way she has with words and photography, and the beautiful recipes she creates. I have once again experience that same feeling when I came across your blog after visiting the Urban Baker.
I just want to say that everything about your blog is wonderful, and I wish you success in everything that you pursue in life.
Simple. Elegant. Yum. I think this is just what I've been looking for to make my daughter for her first birthday.
Mmmhhh, those pots de crème look fantastic! What a beautiful texture…
[…] is a great time for maple desserts to start making an appearance and the Maple Pot De Creme from 17 and Baking are a great example. The desserts are simply, but silky smooth custards, made […]
4-5 recipes a day?? But where did it all go? My family gets angry if I make more than 2 recipes a week!! EVEN when I gift to friends!
Okay, As a 43 year-old who just mastered toast (okay, I'm not that bad) I have to say I'm very impressed. That looks amazing! I'll have to come by for more recipes. You definitely have a talent!
I've commented a ton before, but you're still awesome! I'm finally seeing your "patriotic cake" video and I loveeeee it!
I'm Jamaican but if I ever make a Jamaican cake I'll send you the link :p
I made these last night as dessert for our anniversary. They are outstanding. Dead easy to make, and the texture and flavour are perfect. Thanks so much for posting the recipe.
[…] made it yesterday and it proved more than good enough to share on these pages. It comes from the 17 and Baking blog, a very nice blog with great recipes and […]
I made these and absolutely loved them!!!
the only thing i would change when i make these again is to add a little less water at the end.
It sounds like your dad gets what my dad gets (when he starts ignoring what he should be eating.) He had surgery for diverticulitis a couple of years ago. Did your dad have the same thing?
Love this post! Just as much as I love all of your other ones! I very glad that your dad is okay, and everything was taken care of. I can tell of your strong bond with him through the emotions in your writing and can see the love that you have for him. I have a similar bond with my father and hold it as one of the most essential things in my life. Love this recipe as well, it looks and sounds delicious and I cannot wait to try it out!
I love how you connect certain foods with memories. I also tie the feel/taste of certain foods with specific memories. I'm so glad that it is a comfort to you while you are at school too.
[…] Maple Pots de Crème adapted from 17 and Baking […]
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[…] you thought it ended there, as the awards were concluding, we finished it off with Catie's maple pots de crème, which she topped with a sprinkling of salt and fresh whipped […]
If you are ever looking for ramekins, I have a few sitting around in their boxes that I could part with and in return maybe you could do a review on them, feel free to email me if you are interested.
just made this yesterday and it was delisious, though I may cut back on the salt slightly for the next round. 1/8 tsp might be a better balance for my personal taste :) also, consider topping them with a bit of maple sugar and giving them a bit of a "brulle" top for an extra touch of crunch on top and kick of maple flavor :)
[…] float across the tongue, irresistibly. (For some enticing photos of a true pôt de crème, see this blog post). Not quite as solid as the real thing, this silky, smooth and airy vegan version is so […]
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Eddie Riggs, the hero of Brutal Legend, smokes. Outside of Mad Men, you rarely see that these days. Eddie's large, unshaved, and looks like he might smell a little funky. The best roadie in the business, he's stuck working for a band that passes for metal these days—wait until you hear his reaction to a turntable being used in concert—but he knows he's out of his time. He wishes for something better, something harder, something... more brutal.
The game gives you an option in the first cinematic to either hear the F-word or to have it bleeped. One answer is "metal," while the other one is "Fallout Boy." You also have the ability to turn off the gore, as the game notes that things get bloody "whenever it is necessary for the plot, historical accuracy, or to look awesome." There is only one correct answer here, and the bodies quickly pile up. This is a game about metal, however, so of course death is only a door. Where does that door go?
The power of rock is real
The demo for Brutal Legend may seem short at first, but after playing it a few times, we can say that it does everything a demo needs to do. It shows off the game's combat system. It lets you try the vehicle mode. The game's humor and love of all things metal is proven. This is a game that's laugh out loud funny, and Jack Black's performance as the voice of Eddie Riggs is actually much more nuanced than one would expect. Brutal Legend thrives on character, and you'll meet a few in your short time with the game.
But first, battle. When you're transported into the mythical world of metal, you find an axe that allows you to slice and dice the gothic baddies in your path. Very quickly you're also given your old electric guitar, and in this plane of existence power chords do more than damage your ear drums, and solos do more than give you a reason to leave the arena for another watery beer. By mixing up guitar and axe attacks you can set up a combo or two, and once you meet the game's femme fatale character—who is one of the more attractive video game vixens of recent memory—you can tag-team the baddies.
The combat system works well, with the ability to lock onto a single enemy or simply swing your axe around to hit multiple targets. You'll also create a hot-rod by... well, I'll leave that for you to figure out. It involves playing a solo. "It looks like it's working already," Riggs says as your busty friend slides into your new means of conveyance.
The car does not handle like something out of Halo or Mass Effect. Can I get a hallelujah?
There is much you won't see
The game features an open world design for you to explore between missions, although you won't get a taste of that in the demo. You don't meet the majority of the characters in the demo, either. The real-time strategy multiplayer also isn't hinted at. The demo simply proves that the game's basic mechanics work while not giving away the majority of what the game has to offer.
It's a love letter to the world of metal music, and the soundtrack features 108 metal songs. This is a game that sounds as good as it looks, although you will notice some heinous drops in frame rate, something we hope the developers fix before release.
The demo is over way too quickly, but it proves that the game will be more than a series of jokes and voice-overs. For now, the demo is an exclusive item that GameStop is giving away with preorders, but on October 1 anyone will be able to give it a download. We hope you do; even this tiny taste is a pleasant surprise.
If you wore a leather jacket in High School, if you know all the words to "Metal on Metal" by Anvil, if you've ever spray-painted Eddie on the side of a van, if you've ever snuck out of shop class to smoke cheap weed, you're going to love everything about this game. This isn't just hype, and it's not a gimmick. The wait for the full Brutal Legend suddenly became much longer.


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Tagged: Joel Hanrahan
And The Meek Shall Inherit The All-Star Game
I'm speechless.
Helmets And Closers
Rockies + Bullpenwinkle
The Closer Carousel never stops; the only true accomplishment is knowing when it's going to start spinning dangerously like the merry-go-round at the end of Hitchcock's "Strangers On A Train," and if the carny is going to get to the shut-off valve in time or if the entire bullpen is going to get launched in the general direction of the cotton candy machine.
Closing Argument
If you ever needed a freeze frame on the volatility of closers, you're seeing it in Washington right now. Joel Hanrahan lost the job quickly, but not as fast as Manny Acta's closer-in-waiting Garrett Mock. Instead we are told to expect a committee consisting of Julian Tavarez and Kip Wells. Until next week when Joe Beimel will come off the disabled list and either "join the mix," or supplant those co-closers. And don't forget that a year ago today, Chad Cordero was still active and supposed to eventually swap jobs with his impermanent replacement Jon Rauch.
It is not just franchises in chaos that remind us of how, if all managers are interim, then all closers (except, perhaps, Mariano Rivera) are temporary. Since Bobby Cox returned to the helm in Atlanta in 1990, this has been the succession (and I'm deliberately ignoring a couple of "closers for a week" like Joe Hesketh).
1. Joe Boever, 1990
2. Mark Grant and Kent Mercker, 1990
3. Mercker and Juan Berenguer, 1991
4. Alejandro Pena, 1991-92
5. Jeff Reardon, 1992
6. Mike Stanton, 1993
7. Greg McMichael, 1994-95
8. Brad Clontz, 1995
9. Mark Wohlers, 1995-98
10. Kerry Ligtenberg, 1998
11. John Rocker, 1999
12. Ligtenberg and Mike Remlinger, 2000
13. Rocker, 2000-01
14. Steve Karsay, 2001
15. John Smoltz, 2001-04
16. Danny Kolb, 2005
17. Chris Reitsma, 2005
18. Kyle Farnsworth, 2005
19. Reitsma, 2006
20. Ken Ray, 2006
21. Bob Wickman, 2006-07
22. Rafael Soriano, 2008
23. Manny Acosta, 2008
24. John Smoltz, 2008
25. Soriano, 2008
26. Mike Gonzalez, 2008-09
And they won stuff during that merry-go-round. Moreover, Gonzalez is formally Cox's closer at the moment. Yet only last night did he pull out of a tie with Soriano for the team lead.
Well here's the oldest time-waster by a blogger: ballplayers who look like actors. But I think three of these are new; certainly two of them are bizarre.
Khalil Greene and Sean Penn as Spicoli from "Fast Times At Ridgemont High" – observed first, I think, long before Greene made the majors.
But what about Rocco Baldelli of the Red Sox and the actor Aidan Quinn?
This one jumped off the scoreboard at the Mets-Nats game Saturday. The new official publicity photo of Adam Dunn, and Will Ferrell?
And my favorite, applying only when he has that lip-curl snarl while at bat, somewhat enhanced by the Yankee colors: Mark Teixeira and Little Steven Van Zandt in his "Sopranos" role of Silvio Dante?
A maroon.
I have been pleading for a week for somebody to identify the "classical music" used by the Yankees during their otherwise tedious scoreboard "Great Subway Race."
Did you know Danny Elfman was a famous 17th century classical composer?
I knew I'd heard it in the Pee Wee Herman movie. That's because it's part of the soundtrack of the Pee Wee Herman movie.
It's "Breakfast Machine."
Well thank goodness that's over.


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Three Kewanee wrestlers advance to state meet
Three Kewanee wrestlers punched their tickets to the state tournament at the Class 1A Stanford Olympia Sectional Saturday.
Advancing to Champaign for the Boilers are Bo Walters at 126, Mark Breedlove at 132 and Omar Delgado at 145.
Walters finished second in his weight class, while Breedlove and Delgado turned in third-place efforts.
After winning his quarterfinal match Friday with a first-period pin, Walters (30-10) handed Tyler Walsh of LeRoy his first loss of the season in Saturday's semifinals. Walters won a 6-0 decision over Walsh, then fell to Jack Lucie of Warsaw in the championship match 8-0.
Breedlove (39-3) dropped his semifinal match to Paul Garcia of Prairie Central by a 7-2 decision, but the KHS senior rebounded to win his final two matches and secure his state berth.
Breedlove pinned Zach O'Connor of Illini Bluffs at 4:58 in the consolation semifinals and pinned Peyton Roop of LeRoy at the 3:39 mark of the third-place match.
Delgado (27-9) followed the same route as Breedlove. The KHS junior lost to Evan Bahler of Prairie Central by a 9-4 decision in the semifinals. Delgado pinned Gabe McKinley of El-Paso in the consolation semifinals at the 1:50 mark and won a 5-4 decision over D.J. Morgan of LeRoy in the third-place match.
The state meet opens Thursday with Class 1A preliminary bouts at 2:30 p.m. at the Assembly Hall in Champaign.
Saturday's wrestlebacks
Carter Pillen of Wethersfield was eliminated at 120 pounds with a 10-2 loss to Ashton Haton of Oakwood.
Andrew Slusser of Kewanee advanced with a forfeit at 152, then was eliminated on a first-period pin by Jeremy Beal of Eureka.
Jack Breedlove of Kewanee won a 9-2 decision over Jake Miller of Eureka at 170, then lost to Alex Wheat of Clinton on a first-period pin.
Anthony Barnhill of Kewanee was eliminated at 182 pounds on a second-period pin by Jake Vahlkamp of Quincy Notre Dame.


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When the beach chair beckons in the coming weeks, you don't want to be caught unprepared. I am not talking about having enough sunscreen, but rather having the right books to fill your beach bag. This is the time of year to gather your favorite titles and indulge.
As a psychologist, people always ask me why we feel so much more emotionally free to indulge, to focus on pleasure during the summer months. There are a number of reasons:
Sunlight really boosts your spirits: The longer days offer more access to lengthy periods of sunlight. When your body absorbs UV light, it produces serotonin, a chemical in the brain that elevates your mood. It can make you feel more energized and optimistic. We also know that sunlight also shuts down melatonin production, a hormone that can leave you feeling lethargic.
Childhood conditioning: Between the ages of six and 17, and sometimes longer, we have become conditioned to think about summer as a reliable break from routine, rules, and responsibility. This mindset stays with us even though we are no longer on an academic calendar. While intellectually we recognize that adult responsibilities are year-round, we reflexively return to this childhood mindset in summer months.
Increased opportunities: During summer there are several holidays that allow us to indulge in increased social and physical activity, and some of us also enjoy even longer breaks. A significant effect of engaging in physical activity includes an increase in heart rate and the production of mood enhancing endorphins. Additionally, summer vacations often involve extended time outdoors. Researchers have observed that with increased time spent in nature, we feel more relaxed and less anxious.
Opportunity for self-actualization: Psychologists have long recognized that people have an inherent drive towards self-actualization. Simply put, there is an inherent desire to fulfill our individual potential. Not expressing our innate gifts can leave us anxious and depressed. Fortunately, in summer there is clearly more time and freedom to explore our talents and reexamine what gives us pleasure and purpose in both career and play.
When beach chairs and front porches call to you this summer – and your choice of indulgence is to read – here are three picks that will offer a satisfying and well-deserved escape. The following books are not typical light beach fare, but rather, chock full of intrigue, drama, and psychological depth.
Pam Jenoff's "The Orphan's Tale" is a riveting and poignant story of courage, loyalty and survival set in World War II. This well-researched and richly detailed story focuses on an extraordinary friendship forged between two women at the height of Nazi atrocity.
Having been cast out in disgrace after becoming pregnant by a Nazi officer, 16-year-old Noa finds herself alone and still grieving the child she was forced to give up at birth. While working in a railway station Noa discovers a train car filled with babies destined for a concentration camp. Noa makes a fateful decision that will change her life forever.
Desperate and struggling to survive while on the run, Noa is mercifully rescued by a traveling circus. For her safety and that of the small circus, Noa must learn to perform on a trapeze alongside the show's star aerialist, Astrid. Yet, Astrid is a woman with powerful secrets of her own. While jealousy, resentment and distrust threaten their relationship, Noa and Astrid quickly realize that they must help each other as true danger awaits them with each circus stop. But will their friendship be enough to protect them and those they come to love?
"Glory Over Everything" by Kathleen Grissom is historical fiction at its best. Well researched, rich in detail, and deeply moving, this is a story about courage and resilience in the face of bigotry and oppression.
It is 1830, and while young Jamie Pyke is passing as a white aristocrat amidst fashionable Philadelphia society, he is in fact, a runaway slave. In spite of well-learned social graces, he lives in constant fear of discovery, not only by those who have come to love him, but also by slave hunters who still seek to harm him. Despite great vigilance, Jamie's carefully constructed world begins to crumble around him when his beloved young black servant Pan is kidnapped and sold into slavery in North Carolina.
With no choice but to attempt to save the child he has sworn to protect, Jamie risks his life to return to the South. With great relief, Pyke finds that young Pan has been sheltered by Sukey, a fearless female slave on a North Carolina plantation, who has plans to get the boy out on the Underground Railroad. Now all three will risk the perilous journey for freedom through both the Virginia backwoods and the dangerous Great Dismal Swamp. In the end, who will survive this terrifying run to safety and at what cost?
Cynthia Swanson's "The Bookseller: A Novel," is a poignant, thought provoking and highly evocative story of one woman's deeply personal struggle to make sense of her life in the early 1960s.
It is 1962 and Denver native Kitty Miller is quite proud of her somewhat unconventional, single life as a 30-something bookshop owner. She loves the freedom, wonderful conversations and strong friendship she shares with her co-owner, and lifelong best friend, Frieda Green. While early on there was also a relationship with a doctor named Kevin, it never quite worked out. Yet, Kitty enjoys her daily existence, free of any encumbrances and answering to no one. But one night, she begins to have strange dreams of an alternate life that suddenly seem all too real.
And with these dreams, come serious questions.
In her nightly dreams, it is 1963 and Kitty has a wholly different identity. She is a mother of three, living in an elegant Denver suburb with her adoring husband. While not entirely perfect, this life holds all the right ingredients. Indeed, at one time, it is the life that Kitty always imagined she'd ultimately have.
And with each vivid nightly foray into married life and the marital bed, the boundary between what is dream and what is reality becomes blurred. As Kitty seems to be losing control and struggling to decide which life is really hers, we are all left breathless and guessing to the end – does this woman simply have an overactive imagination or is she bordering on delusional, or is there something else happening altogether?
— This the the first of a monthly column by Nancy Harris of Scituate, a licensed psychologist and a former instructor of psychology at Harvard Medical School.


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The Talker: Best moments of the 2014 Oscars
Staff Writer
Something to talk about
We've got the best moments from the Oscars, including Jennifer Lawrence's falls and Brad Pitt photobombing Ellen. #storify #oscars #oscars2014
Trending on Twitter
Ellen Degeneres hosted a predictable yet enjoyable Oscars last night. A moment that stood out: John Travolta butchering Idina Menzel's name when he announced her to perform her "Let It Go," the Oscar-winning song from "Frozen." #IdinaMenzel
Hot video: Jimmy Fallon at the Polar Plunge
With the temperature in single digits, "Tonight Show" host Jimmy Fallon took on Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel's Polar Plunge challenge dipping into icy Lake Michigan on Sunday.
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Dockworkers Strike Averted For Now at U.S. Ports
Dockworkers along the East Coast and the Gulf of Mexico agreed Friday to extend their contract for more than a month, averting a weekend strike that could have crippled major ports from Boston to Houston and bottled up billions of dollars' worth of cargo.
Talks aimed at reaching a new contract covering the 14,500 longshoremen will continue during the extension, which runs through Feb. 6.
The dockworkers' union and an alliance of port operators and shipping lines agreed to the extension after resolving one of the stickier points in their negotiations, involving royalty payments to longshoremen for each container they unload. Details were not disclosed.
Federal mediator George Cohen said the agreement on royalties was "a major positive step forward."
"While some significant issues remain in contention, I am cautiously optimistic that they can be resolved," he said.
The contract between the International Longshoremen's Association and the U.S. Maritime Alliance originally expired in September. The two sides agreed to extend it once before, for 90 days, but it had been set to expire again at 12:01 a.m. Sunday.
As recently as Dec. 19, the president of the longshoremen's union, Harold Daggett, had said a strike was expected.
A walkout would have crippled the loading and unloading of a vast number of products, including electronics and clothing, and made it more difficult for U.S. manufacturers to get parts and raw materials at a time when the economy is in shaky condition. The ports involved handle about 40 percent of all U.S. container cargo.
Business groups expressed relief that the two sides had agreed to keep the docks running.
"A coast-wide port shutdown is not an option. It would have severe economic ramifications for the local, national and even global economies and wreak havoc on the supply chain," said National Retail Federation President Matthew Shay.
White House spokesman Matt Lehrich said: "We're pleased the parties are going to continue their work at the negotiating table and continue to urge them to reach an agreement as quickly as possible."
Major ports that would have been frozen included the massive terminals serving the New York City area and critical seaports in Savannah, Ga., Houston, and Hampton Roads, Va.
Other ports that would have been affected are in Boston; the Philadelphia area; Baltimore; Wilmington, N.C.; Charleston, S.C.; Jacksonville, Fla.; Fort Lauderdale, Fla.; Miami; Tampa, Fla.; Mobile, Ala.; and New Orleans.
Longshoremen on the West Coast have a separate contract.
This article appeared in print on page 4 of edition of Hamodia.
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