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It has been a typical false impression that air conditioning devices wolf refrigerant and must be filled up once in awhile. This is merely not true.
When an air system is kept effectively and is serviced annually by an air conditioning service provider or other expert, it should never ever lose refrigerant and continue to run as successfully as the day it was put in.
Because of this usual misunderstanding, a lot of owners believe that the option is to just add even more refrigerant and everything will certainly be high quality.
However, loss of refrigerant (Freon) signifies a leak and must require the help of a heating and air conditioning systems repair work company.
Newer cooling units have welded hookups which help minimize the opportunities of the unit dripping. Any sort of system that is eight years or older likely had flared installations made use of for the links.
As the system works a stable resonance happens that could create these fittings to come to be loosened after long times of function. The outcome of the installations becoming loosened is a refrigerant leak.
AC repair work is the only alternative in an instance similar to this because including extra refrigerant will only be a short-term best option that could possibly result in more serious damage.
Why are refrigerant leakages an issue that should be fixed and dealt with? Whenever your device is low on Freon, its general effectiveness is reduced.
This suggests that the air will not be as cool and your device might work harder leading to higher electricity expenses to you. Low Freon can likewise induce the evaporator coil to ice up.
Your system will really ice up and not operate. In order to even have it examined, it will have to be thawed. Bulks could need to be changed atop the price of mending the initial trouble which is the crack.
The Environmental Protection Agency or EPA thinks about Freon a controlled substance. It is hazardous for the environment and quite harmful to pets.
The compressor is the main component of the air unit and Freon cools down the compressor. As the Freon degree gets lesser the compressor will certainly get too hot.
The compressor might fail and need to be switched out a lot earlier compared to it ought to have been. This is a major reason why it is necessary to have your system checked annual by an expert cooling professional.
Any time the compressor overheats or fails, it will certainly most likely have to be changed. If the damage is serious, switching out the entire condensing unit could be required. This is quite costly and avoidable.
The first part of protecting against any kind of significant issues with your air unit involves understanding just how they run and the best ways to minimize the threat of damages.
Regular upkeep such as transforming the filters and keeping the device free from items that can block the air circulation can keep your device operating efficiently and prevent a bunch of damages from developing.
Have a Newark Heating and Air company like Runnl HVAC who focuses on heating and a/c devices fix inspect the system annual for cracks, wiring problems, and various other concerns to avoid any sort of expensive and unnecessary air conditioning repair work.


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Spring 2016
A Tassel Worth the Hassle
Summer, being such a dynamic season, brings lots of exciting reasons to try new looks and give the old ones a new twist.
By Yulia Konstantinova-Riebman
The Ponytail Express
Start the spring season in glamorous style by expressing yourself with a fresh twist on the classic ponytail.
By Wilmariel Lozano
Prom Hair Perfection
The Pageantry Beauty Team has created eight great and easy-to-replicate hairstyles for you to make a Prom-perfect impression on your big day.
Winter 2015
Go Big or Go Home
This holiday season, go big with your hairstyle for the perfect red carpet look and be sure to steal the show.
Fall 2015
Capturing the Autumn Romance
The right kind of bun style can be both effective and easy in making sure that your big social occasion is an instant success.
By Tammy Fischer
Summer 2015
A More Natural Crown
It isn't difficult to achieve the ultimate Boho girl look for this summer, but the look will have people thinking you spent big bucks at a salon.
Spring 2015
It's Time for a Spring Fling
With a few simple steps, you can achieve the perfect hairstyle for this season's important events and even the biggest moments of your life.
By Hillary Stone
Your Handy Prom Hairstyle Guide
Our expert hair stylists create nine sophisticated yet easy-to-replicate looks for you to make an impact at your Prom.
Winter 2014
It's Mermaid Season
Winter is a time when natural and messy meets whimsy, and together they create that boho feel that is super feminine and fresh.
Fall 2014
Flapper Girl Spirit
Almost a century later, a vintage hairstyle of the 1920s returns to
remind us that some of the most enjoyable looks never get old.
Summer 2014
Braid in the Shade
Having a simple look doesn't mean that you need to sacrifice style, and this braided updo has everything you need to be quick, easy and creative with your hair.
Spring 2014
2014 Prom Hairstyles
Head Turners: Our fabulous hair stylists create eight great easy-to-replicate looks for your Prom, Pageant or any glamorous event this year.
By Yulia Konstantinova-Riebman
A Real Show Stopper
Up is the key word for spring's hottest hairstyles, as we're offering a modern take on the classic French twist.
Winter 2013
Waves of Glamour
Take a page from the classic summer styles this season and invoke the old Hollywood style of loose, flowing hair for your competitions and events.
Fall 2013
Baby's Got Bounce
Bring back the loose, lively curls of your youth for a convenient and fun look for any occasion this fall.
By Kristy Schanel
Summer 2013
No Faux Pas Faux Bob
You don't have to chop that gorgeous long hair to achieve a short look to remain cool and fun this summer.
Spring 2013
Tressed to Impress
This season, be adventurous with your hairstyles and try something that you've never tried before, because after all—it's just hair.
The Showcase Showdown
With so many new looks and styles to choose from this year, your options are limitless for your Prom or any formal event this year.
Winter 2012
Since the weather is so much nicer to us in the winter, we should take advantage and let our hair down.
By Kristy Schanel
Fall 2012
Straight to the Point
Simple doesn't have to mean boring when it comes to your hairstyle, as the fall is combining straight and easy with rich and lustrous.
By Whitney Weatherington
Summer 2012
Catching the Waves
Nothing says summer season hairstyling like turning your hair into breathtaking waves with very little to no effort at all.
Spring 2012
Wave After Wave
Soft waves can provide just the right playfulness to perfect your spring season prom or runway ready hairstyle.
Tressed to the Nines
Our hair stylists developed nine incredibly
easy-to-replicate looks for you to shine at your Prom, Pageant or glamorous formal event.
Winter 2011
Evoking the 1940s for a winter style will give you big volume and bigger compliments for any of your holiday season occasions.
Fall 2011
Coming Back Around
Styles are cyclical and you shouldn't have to look overdone to find the right classic look for your event.
By Paulo Figueiredo
Summer 2011
Step to the Side
Just because you have to protect your hair from the damaging summer season, it doesn't mean that you can't have some fun.
By Paulo Figueiredo
Spring 2011
Bringing Back the Buns
Carrying over from the success of the fall season should be no problem for this convenient and classic hairstyle.
By Cari Redington
Borrowing from the Classics
For this prom season, our style experts called on some past successes and combined them with fresh new twists.
Winter 2010
Staying Soft
and Feminine
The goal for this season's hairstyles is to focus on your gowns, your accessories, and your best natural asset—you.
Fall 2010
Refine is Devine
This season's hairstyles prove that you can create a strong look by using soft techniques.
Summer 2010
Turning Heads
Quick and easy summer styles will help you become the center of attention no matter where you're going.
Spring 2010
Straight to the Curls
While a sleek, long hairstyle sounds simple, it could be a girl's most important accessory in capturing the Judges' attention.
Putting the YOU in Unique
Our hair experts developed incredibly creative and simple looks for you to shine at your prom and all of your most important formal events.
Winter 2009
Things are Shaping Up
Your hair is the frame of your face, and there's no reason it can't be a work of art in itself.
Fall 2009
It's Time to Be Short
Even with long hair, you have plenty of options to keep with this fall season's increasingly popular short hairstyles.
By Marlon Molina
Summer 2009
Simply Summer Styling
With hot weather comes pools and the beach, and you'll need to take the proper steps in protecting your timeless surf styles.
By Marlon Molina
Spring 2009
Hot and Healthy
Backstage experts leak the styles and products for the hottest homemade looks.
By Christina M. Kane
Fashion Forward Prom
There are a variety of hot styles for 2009, so why not infuse your prom look with some Fashion Week glam?
By Lilliam Penaloza
Winter 2008
An Evening to Remember
Starting from scratch, it's not hard to put together the perfect look for any formal affair. Follow our how to advice, step-by-step, to achieve an evening look to remember.
By Myriam Fux
Fall 2008
Put Your Fresh Face Forward
With proper maintenance, nurturing and hair care, this season's hottest looks can be yours with ease.
By Christina Kane
Summer 2008
Turning Back the Clock
Straight or curly, the key to this summer's look requires a little trip back in time.
By Christina Kane
Spring 2008
You Say You Want an Evolution?
Here are 3 ideas for easy step-by-step makeovers.
Fall 2007
4 Fall LifeSavers
Summer hair – it's faded, it's fried… it's split ends galore. Say no to frizzies.
By Ernie McCraw
Summer 2007
Go with the Glow
Miss SC USA helps us unveil six summer looks that range from a loose side-swept pony to braids with panache.
By Kristianna Nichols
Spring 2007
Shapely Tresses
Want a hairstyle that's uniquely you? Let your facial structure help determine the right 'do.
By Tracey Lange
Anything Goes
Achieving knock-out hair like red-carpet celebrities no longer requires following strict rules. Just let these easy looks - and some professional styling help - be your guide.
By Phillip Fife
Style Setting Sisters
Because prom season requires some of the most personal beauty decisions you'll ever face, we thought it might be fun to compare alternative looks on three duos who share the same gene pool.
Extensions That Work
Want a longer thicker hairstyle without literally tearing your hair out? The answer is simple - use the new quick and easy hot Strands kits.
Winter 2006
'Tis the Season to Dazzle
Fall 2006
5 Hollywood-Inspired Head-Turners.
By Kristianna Nichols
Summer 2006
It's All in Your Head
Summer's the time to start fresh with trendy hairstyles designed for your face shape and unique features
Spring 2006
Prom Hair: Luscious Looks for Your Locks
Long before the fun begins, let your hair in on the party by trying these five doable hairstyles from Pageantry & PromTime's photo shoot hair-and-makeup guru.
By Tracy Lange
In Search of the Radiant Self
Achieve a hairstyle worthy of any special occasion through exploration and self-discovery.
By Kristianna Nichols
Winter 2005
Those Winter Hair Blues Away
Lighten up your look and add a dose of sunshine to
your mood with sun-kissed color highlights, then create
a softer you with these easy-to-do styling tips.
Fall 2005
What Works for You
"If you've got it, flaunt it," the
saying goes, and these six sexy hairdos do exactly
that, letting each woman take advantage of her own
mane assets.
Summer 2005
Summer's Swoon: The Root of the Matter
These hot hairdos help ensure your locks will withstand
the seasonal onslaught.
Spring 2005
Return of The New Classics
For prom and beyond, today's hot hairdos take a step back
in time, while taking little time to do.
Winter 2004
Hardy Hairdos
Head-turning prom and social occasion hair looks are
only a ponytail away.
Fall 2004
Cool Hairstyles
A Cool Change: Add some attitude and dimension to your
hair with these six super prom hairdos.
Summer 2004
Two state Teen USA winners show the perfect hairdos
for Swimsuit.
Spring 2004
These Hairstyles For Prom
Waves in prom hairstyles are making a strong comeback
for the warmer months ahead.
by Tami Crosby
The Right Tresses For Prom Dresses
Long and lush prom hair looks are the glam alternative
to everyday practical ponytails.
by Kristianna Nichols
Click and see for yourself!
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© Pageantry magazine 2017 contact & copyright information.


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Where is America's Got Talent Moving To?
America's Got Talent is moving to New York City's famous Radio City Music Hall, NBC announced on Wednesday.
Check out must-see spring shows
"Many of America's greatest performers have graced this legendary stage, and now AGT will have the rare opportunity to discover greatness in this renowned venue," Paul Telegdy, president of alternative and late night programming, NBC Entertainment, said. "This move - coupled with the addition of Mel B and Heidi Klum joining our judges' panel of Howie Mandel and Howard Stern - takes the show to a new and even more exciting level."
Season 8 of the competition series premieres on Tuesday, June 4 at 9/8c and will begin airing live twice a week on July 23.
View original Where is America's Got Talent Moving To? at TVGuide.com


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Today's News: Our Take - Real Housewife Lisa Hochstein Sues Internet Commenter
Internet commenters, take note! Some postings may result in a lawsuit.
Real Housewives of Miami star Lisa Hochstein is suing a woman named Jessica Lederman for remarks she made about Hochstein in the comments section of an entertainment news website, TMZ reports.
You're how old?! See stars who don't look their age
"Lisa was an escort who also did soft porn in Vegas," Lederman wrote, in response to a story about the Bravo franchise, according to the report. Hochstein says the comment is not only completely untrue, but also caused her "severe emotional distress," the lawsuit states.
Check out the best and worst fashions from the SAG Awards
The Real Housewife is suing for more than $15,000 and claiming Lederman's post "damaged her reputation and threatened both her employment and social life," according to TMZ.
Do you think Lederman should have to pay?
View original Real Housewife Lisa Hochstein Sues Internet Commenter at TVGuide.com
Other Links From TVGuide.com


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Authorities allegedly kill young man in custody on contrived charge of desecrating Quran.
LAHORE, Pakistan, September 17 (CDN) — At a funeral for a Christian man allegedly tortured to death while in custody on a spurious charge of blaspheming the Quran, police in Sialkot, Pakistan yesterday fired on mourners trying to move the coffin to another site.
Area Christians suspect police killed 22-year-old Robert Danish, nicknamed "Fanish" or "Falish" by friends, by torturing him to death on Tuesday (Sept. 15) after the mother of his Muslim girlfriend contrived a charge against him of desecrating Islam's scripture. The allegation led to calls from mosque loudspeakers to punish Christians, prompting an Islamic mob to attack a church building in Jathikai village on Friday (Sept. 11) and beat several of the 30 families forced to flee their homes.
Jathikai was Danish's native village, and some family members and other Christians wished to transfer his coffin to his hometown. Eyewitnesses at the funeral in Christian Town, Sialkot, said police fired shots directly at the Christians, injuring three, when mourners began to move the coffin toward nearby Jathikai. Mourners fled.
Sialkot is 125 kilometers (78 miles) northwest of Lahore in Punjab Province.
Controversy swirled around the cause of Danish's death, with Christians refusing to accept police claims that he committed suicide. Results of forensic tests are expected within a week.
The dark moment for Danish's family grew gloomier yesterday when police seemed to be seeking the first excuse for heavy-handed tactics at the funeral attended by hundreds of people, Christian sources said. When the family and other Christians tried to take the coffin to his hometown of Jathikai, police fired on them, charged them with batons and snatched the body from them, Christian sources said.
Eyewitness Sajawal Masih told Compass that as soon as mourners lifted the coffin, police began firing tear gas.
"We were running when police opened fire and one bullet went through my foot, and two others also were injured," he said.
There were reports of Christian youths pelting officers with stones, and police reportedly said that they needed to rush the crowd and make arrests to prevent "further disturbances."
On Tuesday night (Sept. 15), Danish's survivors and other Christians had decided that the body would be buried in Christian Town because of the dangers of potential attack in Jathikai, according to Christian Town Councilor Tanveer Saqib. Saqib said that the funeral was to be held at 10 a.m. on Wednesday (Sept. 16) at the Christian Technical Institute (CTI) Ground in Christian Town, Sialkot city.
Pakistan Muslim League-Quaid (PML-Q) Member of National Assembly (MNA) Akram Gill said that when he and several youths took the body from the CTI Ground and began heading toward Jathikai village, police began firing. Gill told Compass that police opened fire on them as well as the crowd, injuring three Christians.
Gill, a Christian, added that police also shot tear gas, and that officers arrested about 100 Christians. The national assembly member said police arrested him and took Danish's body to the Christian Town Graveyard in Sialkot. In spite of the tear gas, Gill said, he and others went to the graveyard but encountered armed police who also fired tear gas, turning them back.
For three hours, Gill said, Criminal Investigation Department police detained him, and although he was released, police arrested PML-Q Member of Provincial Assembly (MPA) Shehzad Elahi and his whereabouts were still unknown. He said that whenever Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) members come into power in the province, problems for Christians multiply.
Cause of Death
How Danish died remained unclear. Allama Iqbal Hospital Deputy Medical Superintendent Sajid Hussein told Compass that on Danish's body there was a large welt on the back of the neck and "marks on the legs and back." He said it was too soon to determine cause of death but that police had pronounced it a suicide.
Tissues taken from the body have been sent to Lahore for chemical and histopathology tests. He said these tests would indicate how the wounds were made, including whether they were inflicted after death.
"The report of these tests would come within a week, and I would inform the media of its findings," he said. "I cannot comment on whether he committed suicide or not, as the matter is before the court."
There were unconfirmed reports that state officials were pressuring doctors at Allama Iqbal Hospital to declare Danish's death a suicide; Hussein denied these statements, telling Compass that they were "mere rumors."
Hussein said that two Christian doctors, one from Bethania Hospital and the medical superintendent of Jalalpur Jattan Mission Hospital, were allowed to observe the autopsy. Christian Town Councilor Tanveer Saqib said that after the autopsy, the two Christian doctors came out and told media in front of thousands of Christians that Danish had been tortured to death.
Saqib said Danish's father received the body and, accompanied by thousands of Christians, took it to Baithania Mission Hospital. The procession was so big that it took nearly four hours, though the route was not far.
Over the weekend Danish's father had been unduly arrested, and upon his release a station house officer told Danish's uncle, Saleem Masih, that even though Danish's father was being released, Danish never would be. Saleem Masih told Compass that Danish's father went back to his jailed son and told him, "My son, we have been trying our best to save you, but it doesn't seem we will succeed. I think it is the last time I'm seeing you, so I commit you in the Lord's hands."
Councilor Saqib said that a Christian constable posted at the Sialkot District Jail told him that he saw Danish in the jail at around 7 a.m. and that he appeared unharmed. At about 10 a.m., however, jail administrators called important figures in the Christian community and told them that Danish had committed suicide, Saqib said.
Danish's body was taken to a trauma center for a CT scan, he said, then to Riffat Idrees Hospital for an MRI.
"Along with the body were two Christian doctors – Dr. Tariq Malik and Dr. Qammar Sohail – and we were confident that they would tell the facts," he said, adding that Malik had all medical reports of these tests.
The Punjab provincial government has ordered an investigation into the death, and three prison officials have reportedly been suspended.
Tragic Love
A paternal cousin of Danish identified only as Parveen confirmed reports that the conflict grew out of a romantic relationship between Danish and Hina Asghar, a young Muslim woman. She said Danish and Asghar were neighbors and had been seeing each other for three or four years.
On the night of Sept. 10, Parveen told Compass, Danish and Asghar met on the roof, angering the young Muslim's mother. Early the next morning, Asghar's mother spoke of the affair with the wife of local Muslim cleric identified only as Amanullah; the cleric's wife in turn warned Asghar that both she and Danish could lose their lives if the relationship continued, Parveen said.
When Danish met Asghar on the road the next morning, Parveen said, the young Muslim woman refused to talk to him but tried to hand him a letter explaining the warning she had received. Upset, Danish batted her hand away as she was trying to give him the letter.
"Because he pushed her hand with a jerk, supara 21 [a section of the Quran larger than a sura, or chapter] fell from her hand and dropped onto a nearby sewage stream and got smeared with garbage," Parveen said.
Saleem Masih, Danish's uncle, questions that what fell from Asghar's hand was a part of the Quran. He told Compass that Asghar was trying to give Danish a green-colored diary that only looked like the similarly green-covered section of the Quran. After the rumor began circulating that Danish had blasphemed the Quran, Saleem Masih said, Danish told his mother that it was not the Quran but a green diary that Asghar was trying to give him which fell.
According to Parveen, Asghar returned home and began cleaning the recovered scripture part, and her mother asked how it became sullied, Parveen said. Asghar's mother subsequently rushed to cleric Amanullah's wife, who then told her husband about the incident.
Saleem Masih told Compass that he and his wife, along with Danish's parents, went to Hina Asghar's father, Asghar Ali, bowed before him and pleaded for him to stop the false rumors of desecration of the Quran. He responded that Muslim cleric Amanullah would decide on it after the Friday prayers, and that the matter was not in their hands anymore.
On that day, Sept. 11, at about 11 a.m., the Muslim cleric announced during the Friday prayer that a Christian had blasphemed by desecrating the Quran, Parveen said.
Islamic mobs brandishing sticks were already arriving in the village, shouting against Danish and demanding that he be hung to death. They also occupied a house that he owned. Surrounding families fled their homes, leaving domestic animals without food and water.
Relatives Thrashed
Nadeem Masih, a paternal cousin of Danish, said that when he arrived at the village by motorbike that day, a large number of emotionally charged Muslims were setting Calvary Church on fire.
He said several Muslims had surrounded Danish's father, Riasat Masih, and that he managed to get his uncle onto his motorbike to try to escape. They sped through several mob attempts to stop them and were eventually pursued by two Muslims on motorcycles. As Nadeem and Riasat Masih entered the main road, their motorbike slid and fell as they barely avoided an approaching truck. Nadeem Masih escaped but his uncle, Danish's father, was captured.
Saleem Masih said that the Muslim mob took hold of Danish's father, tied him up and were about to set him on fire when elderly men intervened, saying punishment for that crime would be too great, and suggested they instead only beat him. After beating Danish's father, the Muslim mob untied him and took him into the church, where they burned Bibles, hymn books and other items and continued beating him.
Christian sources said police arrived and arrested Riasat Masih – not his attackers – and took him to the police station. Riasat Masih filed a crime report against the jailor and police officials at the Civil Lines Police Station, according to Christian Town Councilor Saqib.
Saleem Masih told Compass that he also was beaten. He said he was with Calvary Church Senior Pastor Dilshad Masih when they arrived in the village to find the mob setting church articles on fire and striking it with whatever they could find on hand. Realizing he could do nothing, Saleem Masih said he ran to his farmhouse, also owned by a Muslim named Bao Munir.
Munir took hold of him, he said.
"He brought out my cot and other belongings and set them on fire, and then he also tried to burn me in this fire," Saleem Masih said.
Munir told him he could either be burned or go with him back to the village, and he forced all of the Christian's clothes off of him except a cloth covering his loins and burned them, Saleem Masih said. After some struggle, he said, he managed to escape.
Danish, meantime, was hiding in a house in Jathikai village but was arrested the next morning (Sept. 12) when he went out for drinking water.
Tensions escalated, a source told Compass, when cleric Sabir Ali announced from his mosque in nearby Bhopalwala village that a Christian boy had blasphemed Islam by throwing the Quran in a drain.
Church Fire
After Calvary Church was set on fire, about 30 nearby families fled from the brutal beatings. Eyewitnesses told Compass that the assailants first went to Danish's house. Not finding anyone there, they attacked the locked church which was only three houses from his.
The eyewitnesses, who were still in hiding and fearing further attacks, said that the assailants burned Bibles and hymnbooks. The assailants brought the church cross out, they said, and beat it with their shoes. The sources said the attackers were mainly from Shabab-e-Milli, a wing of the Muslim extremist Jamaat-e-Islami.
Christian Town Councilor Saqib said that the mob got hold of Calvary Church Senior Pastor Masih and severely beat him while police stood by. Police kept Saqib and his team from going to the blazing Calvary Church building, signaling them from afar not to come near, he said. He added that they had to turn back as the rampaging Muslims turned on them to attack, which police made no effort to stop.
Pastor Masih told Compass that when he and Saleem Masih arrived at the church building, Muslims shouted at them, "Catch these Christians!" He remained standing as others fled, he said, and the mob beat him and took his mobile phone.
"They wanted to kill me, but miraculously I managed to run from there," he said.
Saqib said MPA Kamran Michael of the Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PLM-N), the ruling party in Punjab province, reached the village on Friday, but police did not allow him to go to the burning church, citing security threats. About 500 Christians later gathered in Sialkot to protest the church fire, with Michael addressing the crowd.
Michael said that one of the protestors reminded him that after Islamic mobs burned homes in Gojra last month, he had vowed to resign if further attacks took place. The crowd then began demanding that he resign, and police opened fire and charged the crowd with batons. He added that throughout the incident there were several media vans, but none of the major television stations covered the protest.
Several Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Christian media also faced difficulties in getting in the village, though in all previous incidents media and NGOs were allowed access. In this case, however, police told them that they were not allowed due to security reasons. Also unable to gain access to Jathikai was Pakistan People's Party provincial Assembly Member Amna Buttar and minority rights groups.
George and Butta Masih, along with four family members, were in Jathikai tending to their five cows on Sunday (Sept. 13). George Masih told a Compass reporter who had somehow got into the village that they stayed home all day and went out only at night to bring some fodder for the animals. They said that Muslims would beat any Christians seen during the day.
On Sunday about 500 to 700 Muslim women staged a protest in Sialkot to refute the notion that a Muslim woman could fall in love with a Christian man.
Several Christian and secular organizations in Lahore have scheduled a candle-light vigil today (Sept. 17) as a memorial for Danish and other members of Pakistan's minority communities who have been killed or attacked in Islamist attacks.
A field officer for advocacy group Community Development Initiative, Napoleon Qayyum, said such attacks were weakening the Christian community.
"After the Gojra incident, several Christians said that their Muslim employers had told them not to come to work anymore," Qayyum said. "This economic dependence further plays part in seeking justice."
He added that in the June 30 Islamist attack on Bahmaniwala, in Kasur district, Christians did not want to pursue justice as they worked on Muslims' land and could not afford confrontation.
"Their fear is that they would be left without jobs," he said. "Due to economic dependence and poor status, Christians neither pursue their cases, nor do they defend themselves in such instances."
Report from Compass Direct News


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Nov. 4 Morning Minutes
Word of the Day
Glitch GLITCH (noun) A usually minor malfunction; an unexpected defect, fault, flaw or imperfection; a minor problem that causes a temporary setback, snag; a false or spurious electronic signal -- www.merriam-webster.com
Web Site of the Day
This recipe search engine helps you find dishes you can make with what you have in your cupboard. Enter the ingredients in the search box, and you'll be directed to suggested recipes, plus a list of any items you need to complete it.
Number to Know
2.3 million: The number of black veterans in 2008, according to www.census.gov. Additionally, 1.1 million veterans were Hispanic; 276,000 were Asian; 160,000 were American Indian or Alaska native; 27,000 were native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander; and 18.3 million were non-Hispanic white.
This Day in History
Nov. 4, 2008: Barack Obama becomes the first African-American to be elected president of the United States.
Today's Featured Birthday
Actor Matthew McConaughey (42)
Daily Quote
"Freedom is never free." - Author unknown


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Bitfinex Review – Is Bitfinex Safe, Good, Or Both?
If you're wondering whether Bitfinex is safe, a good exchange, or both, you've come to the right place. You should be familiar with what you can expect from Bitfinex before you purchase cryptocurrencies. In this Bitfinex Review, you'll learn more about this exchange's features, customer support, and security.
What is Bitfinex?
Bitfinex is one of the oldest and most prominent cryptocurrency exchanges. Although it's a complex platform with many features, it's a great choice for serious traders. Its decentralized infrastructure, which is supported by a proof of-stake blockchain, allows users to trade products. To trade digital currencies, users can use both a mobile and desktop application.
Users can trade cryptocurrencies and also borrow or deposit fiat currencies. To do so, users must first be verified with Bitfinex. Once verified, users will be emailed their bank details.
Is it safe?
Bitfinex, a Hong Kong cryptocurrency exchange, has been in existence since 2012 and is widely regarded as one of the top exchanges. However, it has had some scandals and security issues over the years. It was hacked twice: once in 2015, and again in 2016. The latter hack is considered the heist of the century, as hackers made off with more than a hundred thousand Bitcoins, which is equivalent to about US$4.5 billion at current prices. Bitfinex was forced to compensate its users for their losses. It is also not beginner-friendly, only accepting customers in 52 countries and not available in the United States.
When you trade on an exchange, security is a concern. Bitfinex has taken several measures to safeguard its clients against hackers and other threats. For example, its servers are protected by DDoS protection and real-time detection of malicious traffic. To ensure security, they have implemented inline mitigation and routine internal audits.
Is it a Good Exchange?
Bitfinex has been praised for its reputation as a reliable and secure cryptocurrency trading platform. There are many security measures, including cold storage for almost 95% of client funds. Additionally, all Bitfinex data is stored on a secure server, which is guarded by onsite security teams. However, there is no regulatory body that monitors the Bitfinex exchange. It is registered in the British Virgin Islands and operates out of Hong Kong.
Although Bitfinex charges fees for its services, these fees vary based on the amount of cryptocurrency traded and whether you are a maker or a taker. Taker fees start at 0.2% which is slightly more than Coinbase's. Makers fees are 0%. Large orders that go through the OTC desk are also not charged any trading fees.
Customer Support
Bitfinex customer service can be reached via email, chat and social media. Bitfinex also offers a search box to answer general questions. The company is active on Facebook, Twitter and Telegram. Bitfinex also offers cryptocurrency trading.
The customer support staff at Bitfinex is very responsive, which is a big plus. Their ability to quickly respond to customer queries allows them to resolve problems faster. The live chat service works well, although live chat agents are likely to try and sell Bitfinex accounts. While Bitfinex has a reputation for great customer service, they do face stiff competition in the industry.
When calling Bitfinex customer support, be sure to specify your specific issue. If your problem is with the exchange's financial department, make sure you contact the right person at the right office. Most often, the problem is with someone in the finance department and not with the front-line support.
Trade Fees
You will need to register online before you can trade on Bitfinex. You'll need to fill out a registration form with your name, email address, and password. Once that is complete, you'll be able to login and start trading. You can also make a bank transfer to deposit funds into your account. After you have verified your identity, deposit funds can be made by selecting the currency you wish to use and entering the bank details.
You can expect to pay 0.1% per transaction, although fees will vary depending on the cryptocurrency. This fee is applicable to both withdrawals and deposits. In addition to this, you'll have to pay 0.1% of the amount of your transactions to withdraw your funds. The amount of transactions you make each month and the type or coin you trade will affect the fee.


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Somewhere in purgatory, I'm betting that Robert Bork wants to speak with Ted Kennedy and the feeling is not mutual. Here's one vision of how that might go:
Attired in scuba gear and standing beside a 1967 Oldsmobile Delmont 88 with a lake and bridge in the background, Robert would ask Teddy, "Shall we go in? I'd love to show you what it looked like that July 1969 evening."
Purgatory presents the classic 'bad news, bad news' scenario for people like Ted Kennedy, hero to the Left. So much to answer for, so much time. To Mary Jo Kopechne and Robert Bork, RIP. For Teddy, while your permanent housing gets sorted out by the Power that Be, I submit the following ditty by The Trammps.
Think of the lyrics not as a prediction, but a reminder of how fleeting earthly good times and smear campaigns can be. In a delicious Delilah-like twist, Disco Inferno was the song playing at the Au Bar on Good Friday 1991, the evening Teddy facilitated his nephew's first rape. Always a special time for Kennedy males.


text:
For The Situationist, Sabreena El-Amin (Harvard Law School student and President of the Student Association for Law and Mind Sciences (SALMS)), has authored the following legal analysis of the Trayvon Martin shooting and situationist analysis of the "stand your ground" doctrine. We are pleased to publish it and look forward to more contributions from Sabreena and other members of SALMS.
The Trayvon Martin incident is of particular importance to me: not only as a Black person, not only as a law student, not only as a mother, but as a big sister. My younger brother is currently attending school at Barry University in Miami, Florida. He, like myself, loves Arizona Ice Tea. We are also both big fans of Skittles, though we have a particular preference for the sour kind. Most importantly, we both wear hoodies. I am now more nervous than ever for my brother: a 19-year-old black man walking the streets of Miami with a camera. With laws like the "Stand your Ground" statute, vigilantes like Zimmerman are free to roam the streets in Florida, singling out young black men
and killing them seemingly without repercussions.
My argument will focus on two main points: 1) Zimmerman should have been arrested as the prosecution will likely be able to meet their burden of proof that his action was not in accordance with the statute; and 2) the Stand Your Ground statute should be repealed because a) it encourages armed individuals to respond to situations violently and b) it sanctions the attack of Blacks
. I will begin the article by outlining the facts as I know them. I understand that there are several different fact patterns floating around and the story is being developed daily. My arguments will be based solely on the facts mapped out below. I will continue by discussing why the facts would support the prosecution's case, if one were to be brought, focusing mainly on a piece by Governor Granholm of Michigan. I will then go on to discuss the "Stand Your Ground" statute based on two psychological studies that show the statute endorses more violence than is reasonably necessary.
Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old Black male, was walking to his father's home in a gated community in Sanford, FL after returning from a 7-Eleven convenience store. En route, 28-year-old self-appointedNeighborhood Watchman, George Zimmerman, spotted Trayvon and telephoned police that there was a suspicious young black man walking around. Zimmerman informed the police that the young man looked like he was on drugs and appeared to be reaching for something in his waist
band. Initially Zimmerman claimed that the young man was coming right at him and then that Trayvon was getting away. Zimmerman complained that "they" always get away. Dispatcher informed Zimmerman that they did not need him to follow Trayvon and Zimmerman said okay. Several residents of the area called in shortly after Zimmerman's call to report that they heardscreaming. In some cases, callers reported a black male lying on the ground. Each caller also heard gun shots and heard the screaming stop. One caller reported that there was a man in a white shirt on top of someone lying on the ground.
Police collected Trayvon's body, tested him for drugs, ran a background check, labeled him John Doe and placed him in the morgue where he would lie for over 24 hours before he was identified. Trayvon was unarmed and in fact only had a can of Arizona Ice Tea and a bag of Skittles. Zimmerman was questioned after the shooting, but never arrested. Zimmerman weighed 250 pounds and had a history of vigilantism.
Zimmerman claims that he shot Trayvon in self defense. Florida has a statute (Fla. Stat. § 776.013, also called the "Stand Your Ground" statute) which states (in relevant part):
(1) A person is presumed to have held a reasonable fear of imminent peril of death or great bodily harm to himself or herself or another when using defensive force that is intended or likely to cause death or great bodily harm to another if:
(a) The person against whom the defensive force was used was in the process of unlawfully and forcefully entering, or had unlawfully and forcibly entered, a dwelling, residence, or occupied vehicle, or if that person had removed or was attempting to remove another against that person's will from the dwelling, residence, or occupied vehicle; and
(b) The person who uses defensive force knew or had reason to believe that an unlawful and forcible entry or unlawful and forcible act was occurring or had occurred.
(2) The presumption set forth in subsection (1) does not apply if:
(a) The person against whom the defensive force is used has the right to be in or is a lawful resident of the dwelling, residence, or vehicle, such as an owner, lessee, or titleholder, and there is not an injunction for protection from domestic violence or a written pretrial supervision order of no contact against that person; or
(b) The person or persons sought to be removed is a child or grandchild, or is otherwise in the lawful custody or under the lawful guardianship of, the person against whom the defensive force is used; or
(c) The person who uses defensive force is engaged in an unlawful activity or is using the dwelling, residence, or occupied vehicle to further an unlawful activity; or
(d) The person against whom the defensive force is used is a law enforcement officer, as defined in s. 943.10(14), who enters or attempts to enter a dwelling, residence, or vehicle in the performance of his or her official duties and the officer identified himself or herself in accordance with any applicable law or the person using force knew or reasonably should have known that the person entering or attempting to enter was a law enforcement officer.
(3) A person who is not engaged in an unlawful activity and who is attacked in any other place where he or she has a right to be has no duty to retreat and has the right to stand his or her ground and meet force with force, including deadly force if he or she reasonably believes it is necessary to do so to prevent death or great bodily harm to himself or herself or another or to prevent the commission of a forcible felony.
Zimmerman's claims he was justified in his use of force based on this statute. It is not clear which clause Zimmerman's defense is connected to.
Zimmerman has, since the incident, secured legal counsel. Zimmerman's lawyer asserts that Zimmerman is not a racist and that he in fact mentors Blacks. His lawyer also stated that Zimmerman is currently in hiding, but has not fled the country. According to Zimmerman's father, Zimmerman identifies as Hispanic.
Currently, Florida Governor Jed Bush does not believe Zimmerman's actions are covered by the statute. T
here is a Department of Justice investigation in regards to the failure of the Sanford Police Department to arrest Zimmerman, President Obama has called for justice for Trayvon, and Sanford's chief of police has stepped down. People across the country are expressing their distaste for the response to Trayvon's murder and are, via protest, Facebook, articles, etc., calling for "Justice for Trayvon".
Justice for Trayvon: Bringing Charges against Zimmerman
The "Stand Your Ground" statute essentially creates a presumption of self-defense in certain situations. Zimmerman has yet to be arrested because authorities do not believe there is enough evidence to rebut this presumption. I would like to focus this aspect of my piece on the following arguments: a) the facts of the case do not support a claim of self defense alleged pursuant to Fla. Stat. § 776.013(3) as Zimmerman appears to have been the attacker and not the victim, and b) the facts of the case do not support a claim of self defense pursuant to Fla. Stat. § 776.013(1) as Trayvon was unarmed and Zimmerman was likely acting unlawfully in his pursuit of Trayvon by misleading officials. Admittedly, only Zimmerman knows exactly what transpired during his altercation with Martin, and thus this argument may be moot after Zimmerman's account becomes public.
Section 3 of the "Stand Your Ground" statute allows someone who is being attacked to respond with force and does not require them to first attempt to flee. Under a possible account of the facts, Zimmerman's actions were self defense because he was attacked by Trayvon. Michigan Governor Jennifer M. Granholm wrote a piece on March 21, 2012 outlining several reasons why this account is unsupported by the facts as publicly known. In her piece Governor Granholm discusses five key pieces of evidence which refute Zimmerman's claim:
- 1.The call from Zimmerman to law enforcement, and the officers telling Martin not to pursue. Zimmerman whispers what many have described as a racial slur under his breath.
- 2.There is a 911 call where you can hear a voice yelling for help and a firearm shot.
- 3.Trayvon's father identified his voice on that 911 call on Al Sharpton's Politics Nation program on MSNBC.
- 4.The account of the girlfriend, who says Trayvon told her by cellphone that he was being followed.
- 5.Trayvon was not armed and weighed between 75-100 pounds less than Zimmerman.
The evidence that we know of — the public evidence — establishes that Zimmerman was the pursuer, and not the victim.
In addition to this evidence, a 9-11 caller reported a man in a white shirt on top of a man lying on the ground. Another caller reported a man lying on the ground screaming "Help" and hearing gun shots go off before he got the chance to go to the man for help. Trayvon's parents have identified this voice as their sons on the tape. Zimmerman, however, claims that this is his voice, but in connection with the other evidence (e.g. that he was the heavier of the two and that Trayvon was unarmed), this will likely be refuted. Based on the facts as alleged, the situation seems to have been initiated by Zimmerman. Even if Trayvon fought back after being pursued, his actions were justified based on the same statute that Zimmerman is currently hiding under.
Section 1 of the "Stand Your Ground" statute creates a presumption of self defense if a person is doing something unlawful and the person using force knows or reasonably believes that an unlawful act is occurring or about to occur. There has been some discussion at my law school that if Zimmerman asserts that he witnessed Trayvon about to break into someone's home then Zimmerman may likely have a claim. I think this is unlikely for two reasons. First, Trayvon was unarmed and, based on all available evidence, innocently walking home from the convenience store. In order for the presumption in section 1 to be triggered, the attacked must have been in the process of committing certain crimes. There has been no evidence advanced indicating that Trayvon was participating in any crime. In fact the evidence points to Trayvon being engaged in innocent activity. Second, section (2)(c) asserts that this presumption is unavailable if the attacker is engaged in an unlawful activity at the time of the attack. As the 911 tape shows, Zimmerman was told not to follow Trayvon and said "okay." This act can be seen as misleading police officers, who were likely told by dispatch that Zimmerman would be waiting for them to arrive before doing anything further. This act is likely in violation of Fla. Stat. § 843.06, which makes the "neglect or refusal to aid peace officers" "in the preservation of the peace" unlawful. Zimmerman's false compliance with the order may have delayed the response time of the dispatched officers and been the reason why the police were unable to respond to Zimmerman's call in time to save Trayvon's life. Arguably, Zimmerman's actions show neglect to assist a peace officer and thus could qualify as unlawful acts that will exclude Zimmerman from the protection of Fla. Stat. § 776.013(1).
Justice for Blacks in Florida: Repeal the Stand Your Ground Statute
I would like to start this section by clarifying two points. First, Florida is not the only state to have a version of the "Stand Your Ground" statute. According to the above-mentioned piece by Gov. Granholm, who describes the statute as "part of the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC)'s cluster of pro-NRA bills that shot through legislatures in the past few years", Florida is only one of 17 states to have a statute of this kind. Secondly, studies suggest that it is very possible for Zimmerman to be a rational, tolerant, even intelligent, person and still to have reacted in the manner that he did. Many people have labeled Zimmerman a racist and even called him sadistic for his response to an innocent young boy. Sadly, while this may be true for Zimmerman, it does not have to be. Due to the freedom that this law opens up for people to act upon their fears, which may be based on their predisposition to certain opinions, I believe this law should be repealed immediately. Every minute that this law and laws like it remain on the books another Black life is in jeopardy.
Guns Breed Violence
In a piece entitled "Holding a Gun Influences You to Think Others are Armed," David DiSalvo discusses psychological research that suggests Zimmerman may have reasonably believed that Trayvon was armed. As the title of the piece indicates, James Brockholm's study, which will be published in the upcoming edition of Journal of Experimental Psychology, supports the idea that the possession of a gun will influence your opinion of whether those around you are armed. Brockholm's conclusion is that a person's ability to act upon certain impulses can "bias their recognition of objects… in dramatic ways." In the study, individuals holding toy guns were more likely to believe a person had a gun than those who were holding a ball and who simply had guns in the room, but not in their hand. The article describes this as the "blending of perception and action representations" which cause those holding guns to believe others are too.
The statute and others like it (e.g. Wisconson's Castle Doctrine under which a homeowner recently shot and killed 20-year-old, unarmed Bo Morrison, without being charged) is meant to provide a means for people to protect themselves when actually threatened. Based on Brockholm's research, the statute is actually allowing people to act upon perceived threat that is automatically enhanced by their ability to act against the threat. This research supports the idea that individuals with guns are likely to act frequently because they can act, and not because there is an actually threat. In Bo's case, his hands were both in the air. In Trayvon's case, he was walking with a cell phone, an Arizona Ice Tea, and Skittles. Neither youth was armed. Neither was attempting to harm anyone. But two lives are lost, and importantly, two men have taken a life because they were able to, not because they had to. These statutes encourage violence by giving gun holders the right and encouraging them to "meet force with force" when the force they perceive will always be equal to the force they are capable of exerting themselves. These types of laws should be repealed immediately in order to prevent more innocent people from losing their lives and others from taking lives.
People Focus on Blacks when on the Look-out for Criminal Activity
Recently, I took a photograph with some of my Black classmates at Harvard Law School. We wore hoodies and held signs asking "Do we look suspicious?" Unfortunately, research completed by Jennifer Eberhardt, Valerie Purdie, Phillip Goff, and Paul Daves in 2005 concludes that for many people the answer to that question is yes. "Seeing Black: Race, Crime, and Visual Processing" asserts that stereotypes are bidirectional. The article states:
the mere presence of a Black man…can trigger thoughts that he is violent and criminal. Simply thinking about a Black person renders these concepts more accessible and can lead to misremember the Black person as the one holding the razor. Merely thinking about Blacks can lead people to evaluate ambiguous behavior as aggressive, to mis-categorize harmless objects as weapons, or to shoot quickly . . . .
The studies show that not only does thinking about Blacks make people think of crime, but thinking about crime makes people think of Blacks. These studies were intentionally done with both civilians and police officers. The officers were as susceptible to this association. Importantly, the study showed that when one is told to look out for crime, their visual attention focuses on Black faces. They may thus unconsciously avoid criminal activity of non-Black actors. For instance, when experimenters asked police officers "Who looks criminal?," the officers choose Black faces more often than White faces. The study makes it clear that racial animus is not required. The association is automatic and is even sparked in Blacks and others minorities.
Based on this research, Zimmerman may have associated Trayvon with criminality without having any negative opinions of Blacks. As a neighborhood watchman put on guard to look out for crime, he was likely looking for Blacks. Zimmerman was attempting to crack down on several robberies that had occurred in his neighborhood, and the possibility of criminal activity was salient in his mind, when Trayvon walked innocently by. Zimmerman may have reasonably believed that Trayvon was about to engage in unlawful behavior, but this belief was based on stereotypes and not supported by what was actually occurring. Section 1 of the statute protects people who seek out criminals and prevent their crimes from being completed. As people often unconsciously associate African Americans with crime, they may seek out African Americans engaging in ambiguous behavior percieve it as criminal. Acting upon this perception, they may attack (as Zimmerman did), under the protective shield of the Stand Your Ground Statute, leading to the harm of either themselves or innocent individuals. Based on this research it is clear that the first section of the statute puts a target on Blacks.
The implications of the research that I have outlined in this section are that people who carry guns and seek out criminal activity will be searching for Blacks and will automatically associate ambiguous behavior with criminal activity. Laws like the "Stand Your Ground" statute give these individuals the right to act upon their perception and harm these Black people regardless of what they are doing. This means that Blacks in such situations will likely have no control over being shot or attacked. Even worse it means that individuals will be searching for Blacks and may unconsciously overlook true criminal activity in an attempt to find images that support their perception. We should not provide support for individuals to act upon irrational conclusions that are not supported by the circumstances. This does not mean that there should be no protection of individuals who respond reasonably to imminent danger, but we should require their perception to be supported by fact and not stereotype and thus require them to be able to connect their fear to something more than the person's race. We should deem this on a case by case and remove the blanket approval of such behavior. People should be instructed to call police when observing unlawful behavior or to attempt to retreat when in fear of being attacked. Thus the statute should be repealed and self-defense should return to being a defense of murder, and not a presumption of innocence that must be rebutted.
What happened to Trayvon Martin is an all too familiar story to many Blacks. We are profiled regularly based on stereotypes that we have no control over. As many of us mourn Trayvon's death and remember many of our other brothers and sisters who have fallen victim to racial stereotyping, there is a concurrent legal movement attempting to shed some hope on the issue by bringing charges against Zimmerman. This movement should also focus on repealing the Florida statute. Once these actions are taken, we will be one step closer to Justice for Trayvon.
*I would like to thank Anisha Queen, David Korn, James Smith, and Professor Jon Hanson for their assistance and inspiration with this piece.
** The facts have been compiled from the following articles:
- http://www.foxnews.com/us/2012/03/24/lawyer-advising-trayvons-killer-denies-racism-as-prosecutor-vows-were-going-to/
- http://www.craigboyce.com/w/2012/03/trayvon-martin-shooting-911-call/
- http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/crime/2012/03/why_george_zimmerman_trayvon_martin_s_killer_hasn_t_been_prosecuted_.html
- http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jennifer-m-granholm/5-reasons-zimmermans-stan_b_1371554.html
Related Situationist posts:
- New Research on the Dangers of Private Law Enforcement
- Race, Guns, and the Danger of Private Law Enforcement
- If Guns Don't Kill People, Sometimes Gun-Saturated Situations Do
- The Psychology of Guns and Race
- Why Race May Influence Us Even When We "Know" It Doesn't
- He's a Banana-Eating Monkey, but I'm Not a Racist
- Jennifer Eberhardt's "Policing Racial Bias" – Video
- A Situationist Considers the Implications of Simpson Sentencing
- The Situation of Handguns on Urban Streets-Abstract
- The Situation of First-Person Shooters
- Guilt and Racial Prejudice
- Perceptions of Racial Divide
- Banaji & Greenwald on Edge – Part IV
Image from Flickr.


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Today's Music: The Doors – Riders On The Storm
This weekend, I went sailing. For the first time in well over 10 years.
Me and one other person on a 12′ Laser (it's like a Sunfish). I had a blast. And learned that both sailing and storms are not quite what you remember them to be.
It took about half an hour to rig the laser. The sail needs to be fitted over the mast, mast gets raised and stepped, the boom is attached. Several lines and block and tackles are connected – the vang and traveller, the cunningham. The sheet is run through its cam and chock feed, and the tiller is connected.
We even remembered the daggerboard! (Yeah, I don't use it either – I just slide it all the way down and leave it there.)
As we got ready to hump the boat down the ramp and into the water, we saw storm clouds in the distance. A storm cell, about 10 minutes off. we looked at each other.
"You want to go?"
"Sure. You?"
Simple and to the point. And as it turns out, not really a problem.
You know that phrase, "the calm before the storm"? It's absolutely true. We shoved off, got in the boat, and coasted out. Only to find that there was slightly more than absolutely no wind.
Fortunately, there are some tricks you can pull in that situation:
-Scull, or use the tiller as a paddle to gently propel the boat
-Roll tack – get the boat to lean over so that the sail forms a bowl. this will help it catch whatever faint breeze wanders past.
Of course, a laser is a tiny (light) little boat, but we managed to roll tack and get into some stronger breezes before we capsized. (I know, right? I'd have sworn we were going over too!)
Then came the storm. Or so we thought. Rain started falling, small drops disturbing the water, and some nice gusts. We rounded a buoy, both of us splitting our time between the tiller (steering) and the sheet (adjusting the sail to catch the wind).
I was actually surprised at how much I remembered, and how much fun I was having. Until…
Several other boats came out as the rain stopped. Bigger boats. With larger sails.
Which meant they were catching more of the faint breezes than us. Until the breezes stopped.
When the squall passes, the lake face settled into a glass sheet – no wind. On a boat with no means of really moving. Other than wind.
So we're sitting on opposite sides of the boat to keep it flat, looking over the water for signs of breeze, and we see
Yup. A new storm cell. And this one looks a lot nastier than the first.
We look at it, then each other.
"Head in?
"Probably a good idea"
We start turning the boat, as a gentle breeze started pushing. We manage to get our bow pointed to the area we need to be when the rain starts. With drops the size of marbles.
In moments, the glassy lake surface is frothy, from the sudden gusts of wind and the pelting of the water.
Our conversation, which up until now had been general and far ranging, comes in short bursts:
"Turn to port! TURN!"
"Look out! BOAT!!!!"
"I can't see anything!"
"Where the hell are we?!?"
"Who are you again?"
Ok, that last was me. What, I got distracted for a minute.
There was enough wind to sail now, but as often happens in a storm, it was coming from every direction at once, settling for a moment, then whipping back around to another direction.
We were swinging the tiller, yanking the sheet to bring it in or let it out. We were ducking under the boom trying to keep our weight in the right spot to keep from flipping.
We get about 30 yards from the boat ramp, in about 6 feet of water. The wind stopped again, and the storm cell settled over us, dropping buckets of never ending rain marbles straight down on us.
"How deep is it?" I yelled over the storm.
"I don't know" was the answer I got.
I shrugged, and hopped out of the boat. We were in about four and a half feet of water. No problem. But the bottom was very soft mud.
Which means that while I have never slogged through poo, I can now speak quite knowledgeably about how it feels.
We got the boat up the ramp and broke it down in about 10 minutes. Sure, it took 30 to set it up, but it's always easier to break something down. Plus it was pouring. And cold.
And I wanted nothing more than to be done with it for the day.
But as Shandy commented in another post, even a bad day sailing is better than a day at the office.
So now I've got a whole new set of sailing experiences that I will hopefully get to use before I forget them.
But next time, I'd rather go sailing here


text:
LOS ANGELES: Halloween shops are reporting that the Casey Anthony Costume is a huge bestseller this year!
"Everybody wants to be Casey for Halloween," said Todd Winkman of Spook, the top Halloween store in Los Angeles. "We can't keep the costumes in the store. It's probably the most popular costume in the last decade."
WWN also spoke with the owner of Trubie's, one of the largest international manufacturers of Halloween costumes – and they confirmed that the Casey Anthony costume and the Casey Anthony masks are selling like hotcakes.
"Nothing is even close, we've had to had extra shifts to handle the demand," said Ward Bench of Trubies. "There is a crazy high demand."
There are rumors that Anthony attorney, Jose Baez, inked a deal so that Casey profits from the sale of the costumes. If so, Anthony could make over $2 million this Halloween – that's a low estimate according to sources close to Baez.
Some disappointed Anthony wannabees are improvising. Many are just buying up the famous pink tuxedo shirt that Anthony wore the day of her verdict.
Here she is wearing it on the big day:
Others are just dressing up like Casey did on one Halloween.
So, Halloween 2011 belongs to Casey Anthony. Even O.J. (still in prison) is going to dress up like her.


text:
"He greeted me in his briefs. 'Did anybody see you?' he asked, closing the door quickly."
James McGreevey put plenty of red, white and purple prose like that in his The Confession, a memoir written with David France. But are those lines bad enough to win a 2007 Delete Key Award for the year's worst writing in books? How about, "Our first few times burned so fiercely in my mind I could hardly recall them even as we were still lying together …"?
You have until the end of the day today to comment. The Delete Key Awards winner will be announced tomorrow, the March 15, because Julius Caesar was assassinated on the Ides of March, and some of the finalists are trying to assasinate the English language. Here's another question to consider: McGreevey's editor, Judith Regan, has been ousted from HarperCollins since the publication of this memoir. Should we keep alive the memory of her contributions to the publishing industry by giving an award to one of her books?
For more hot sex from the Luv Guv, read the Jan. 27 post on One-Minute Book Reviews, "Who Writes Better Sex Scenes, Danielle Steel or James McGreevey?" (archived with the January posts). This post lists steamy lines written by both authors and lets you guess who wrote which. Check back later today for other highlights from the short list of the year's worst writing in books. (Yes, Danielle Steel is a finalist, too.) Or see the 11 posts on Feb. 28, the short list and a separate post on each finalist. See the Feb. 27 post for questions and answers about the Delete Key Awards.
I would appreciate it if you would forward this post or others about the Delete Key Awards to anyone who might like to know about them, especially if you have friends in the media or at major Web sites, because for some reason, The New York Times has not seen fit to cover the Delete Key Awards the way it covers the National Book Awards and the Pulitzer Prizes. Cancel your subscriptions! And bookmark One-Minute Book Reviews to avoid missing the announcement of the winner, which will be posted before noon tomorrow.
(c) 2007 Janice Harayda. All rights reserved.


text: Welcome to week 16 of Haiku Horizons. This week's prompt is "master". Haiku Horizons will provide a haiku prompt each Sunday. Write a haiku based on the prompt and link to your post by clicking on the image below. For additional details, read the About page. To offer prompt suggestions, click on the "Prompts" tab. Enjoy!


text:
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FreeBSD Manual Pages
TI(4) BSD Kernel Interfaces Manual TI(4) NAME ti -- Alteon Networks Tigon I and Tigon II Gigabit Ethernet driver SYNOPSIS To compile this driver into the kernel, place the following lines in your kernel configuration file: device ti options TI_PRIVATE_JUMBOS options TI_JUMBO_HDRSPLIT Alternatively, to load the driver as a module at boot time, place the following line in loader.conf(5): if_ti_load="YES" DESCRIPTION The ti driver provides support for PCI Gigabit Ethernet adapters based on the Alteon Networks Tigon Gigabit Ethernet controller chip. The Tigon contains an embedded R4000 CPU, gigabit MAC, dual DMA channels and a PCI interface unit. The Tigon II contains two R4000 CPUs and other refine- ments. Either chip can be used in either a 32-bit or 64-bit PCI slot. Communication with the chip is achieved via PCI shared memory and bus master DMA. The Tigon I and II support hardware multicast address fil- tering, VLAN tag extraction and insertion, and jumbo Ethernet frames sizes up to 9000 bytes. Note that the Tigon I chipset is no longer in active production: all new adapters should come equipped with Tigon II chipsets. While the Tigon chipset supports 10, 100 and 1000Mbps speeds, support for 10 and 100Mbps speeds is only available on boards with the proper trans- ceivers. Most adapters are only designed to work at 1000Mbps, however the driver should support those NICs that work at lower speeds as well. Support for jumbo frames is provided via the interface MTU setting. Se- lecting an MTU larger than 1500 bytes with the ifconfig(8) utility con- figures the adapter to receive and transmit jumbo frames. Using jumbo frames can greatly improve performance for certain tasks, such as file transfers and data streaming. Header splitting support for Tigon 2 boards (this option has no effect for the Tigon 1) can be turned on with the TI_JUMBO_HDRSPLIT option. See zero_copy(9) for more discussion on zero copy receive and header split- ting. The ti driver normally uses jumbo receive buffers allocated by the sendfile(2) buffer allocator, but can be configured to use its own pri- vate pool of jumbo buffers that are contiguous instead of buffers from the jumbo allocator, which are made up of multiple page sized chunks. To turn on private jumbos, use the TI_PRIVATE_JUMBOS option. Support for vlans is also available using the vlan(4) mechanism. See the vlan(4) man page for more details. The ti driver supports the following media types: autoselect Enable autoselection of the media type and options. The user can manually override the autoselected mode by adding media options to the /etc/rc.conf file. 10baseT/UTP Set 10Mbps operation. The mediaopt option can also be used to select either full-duplex or half-duplex modes. 100baseTX Set 100Mbps (Fast Ethernet) operation. The mediaopt option can also be used to select either full-duplex or half-duplex modes. 1000baseSX Set 1000Mbps (Gigabit Ethernet) operation. Only full full-duplex mode is supported at this speed. The ti driver supports the following media options: full-duplex Force full duplex operation half-duplex Force half duplex operation. For more information on configuring this device, see ifconfig(8). HARDWARE The ti driver supports Gigabit Ethernet adapters based on the Alteon Tigon I and II chips. The ti driver has been tested with the following adapters: o 3Com 3c985-SX Gigabit Ethernet adapter (Tigon 1) o 3Com 3c985B-SX Gigabit Ethernet adapter (Tigon 2) o Alteon AceNIC V Gigabit Ethernet adapter (1000baseSX) o Alteon AceNIC V Gigabit Ethernet adapter (1000baseT) o Digital EtherWORKS 1000SX PCI Gigabit adapter o Netgear GA620 Gigabit Ethernet adapter (1000baseSX) o Netgear GA620T Gigabit Ethernet adapter (1000baseT) The following adapters should also be supported but have not yet been tested: o Asante GigaNIX1000T Gigabit Ethernet adapter o Asante PCI 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Ethernet adapter o Farallon PN9000SX Gigabit Ethernet adapter o NEC Gigabit Ethernet o Silicon Graphics PCI Gigabit Ethernet adapter IOCTLS In addition to the standard socket(2) ioctl(2) calls implemented by most network drivers, the ti driver also includes a character device interface that can be used for additional diagnostics, configuration and debugging. With this character device interface, and a specially patched version of gdb(1), the user can debug firmware running on the Tigon board. These ioctls and their arguments are defined in the <sys/tiio.h> header file. TIIOCGETSTATS Return card statistics DMAed from the card into kernel memory approximately every 2 seconds. (That time in- terval can be changed via the TIIOCSETPARAMS ioctl.) The argument is struct ti_stats. TIIOCGETPARAMS Get various performance-related firmware parameters that largely affect how interrupts are coalesced. The argument is struct ti_params. TIIOCSETPARAMS Set various performance-related firmware parameters that largely affect how interrupts are coalesced. The argument is struct ti_params. TIIOCSETTRACE Tell the NIC to trace the requested types of informa- tion. The argument is ti_trace_type. TIIOCGETTRACE Dump the trace buffer from the card. The argument is struct ti_trace_buf. ALT_ATTACH This ioctl is used for compatibility with Alteon's So- laris driver. They apparently only have one character interface for debugging, so they have to tell it which Tigon instance they want to debug. This ioctl is a noop for FreeBSD. ALT_READ_TG_MEM Read the requested memory region from the Tigon board. The argument is struct tg_mem. ALT_WRITE_TG_MEM Write to the requested memory region on the Tigon board. The argument is struct tg_mem. ALT_READ_TG_REG Read the requested register on the Tigon board. The argument is struct tg_reg. ALT_WRITE_TG_REG Write to the requested register on the Tigon board. The argument is struct tg_reg. FILES /dev/ti[0-255] Tigon driver character interface. DIAGNOSTICS ti%d: couldn't map memory A fatal initialization error has occurred. ti%d: couldn't map interrupt A fatal initialization error has occurred. ti%d: no memory for softc struct! The driver failed to allocate memory for per-device instance information during initialization. ti%d: failed to enable memory mapping! The driver failed to initialize PCI shared memory mapping. This might happen if the card is not in a bus-master slot. ti%d: no memory for jumbo buffers! The driver failed to allocate memory for jumbo frames during initialization. ti%d: bios thinks we're in a 64 bit slot, but we aren't The BIOS has programmed the NIC as though it had been installed in a 64-bit PCI slot, but in fact the NIC is in a 32-bit slot. This happens as a result of a bug in some BIOSes. This can be worked around on the Tigon II, but on the Tigon I initialization will fail. ti%d: board self-diagnostics failed! The ROMFAIL bit in the CPU state register was set after system startup, indicating that the on-board NIC diagnostics failed. ti%d: unknown hwrev The driver detected a board with an unsupported hardware revision. The ti driver supports revision 4 (Tigon 1) and revi- sion 6 (Tigon 2) chips and has firmware only for those devices. ti%d: watchdog timeout The device has stopped responding to the network, or there is a problem with the network connection (cable). SEE ALSO sendfile(2), arp(4), netintro(4), ng_ether(4), vlan(4), ifconfig(8), zero_copy(9) HISTORY The ti device driver first appeared in FreeBSD 3.0. AUTHORS The ti driver was written by Bill Paul <firstname.lastname@example.com>. The header splitting firmware modifications, character ioctl(2) interface and debug- ging support were written by Kenneth Merry <email@example.com>. Initial zero copy support was written by Andrew Gallatin <email@example.com>. BSD July 16, 2005 BSD
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