I want to make Linux Kernel Source an RPM file

Question: I am currently using Rocky Linux 8.7.
The current kernel version is "4.18.0-425.13.1.el8_7.x86_64".
I want to upgrade kernel through RPM, not source compile. In the kernel compile step, use the command "make rpm-pkg-j8" I heard that you can create an RPM file. I want to upgrade kernel to "5.4.180". The way I did it is as follows.
sudo dnf -y groupinstall 'Development Tools'
sudo dnf -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel elfutils-libelf-devel python3
sudo dnf config-manager --set-enabled powertools
sudo  dnf -y install dwarves
wget https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v5.x/linux-5.4.180.tar.gz
tar xvfz linux-5.4.180.tar.gz
cd linux-5.4.180
sudo cp -v /boot/config-$(uname -r) .config
make menuconfig
make rpm-pkg -j8

However, the following error occurs.
make clean
sh ./scripts/package/mkspec >./kernel.spec
  TAR     kernel-5.4.180.tar.gz
rpmbuild  --target x86_64 -ta kernel-5.4.180.tar.gz \
--define='_smp_mflags %{nil}'
Building target platforms: x86_64
Building for target x86_64
Executing(%prep): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.bsgdJf
+ umask 022
+ cd /root/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ cd /root/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ rm -rf kernel-5.4.180
+ /usr/bin/gzip -dc /home/jpsysadmin/linux-5.4.180/kernel-5.4.180.tar.gz
+ /usr/bin/tar -xof -
+ STATUS=0
+ '[' 0 -ne 0 ']'
+ cd kernel-5.4.180
+ /usr/bin/chmod -Rf a+rX,u+w,g-w,o-w .
+ exit 0
Executing(%build): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.OiSlab
+ umask 022
+ cd /root/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ cd kernel-5.4.180
+ make KBUILD_BUILD_VERSION=1
...
  CC      certs/system_keyring.o
make[3]: *** No rule to make target 'certs/rocky.pem', needed by 'certs/x509_certificate_list'.  Stop.
make[3]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
  CC      mm/filemap.o
  CC      arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso32-setup.o
 ...
  CC      kernel/bpf/syscall.o
  VDSO    arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso32.so.dbg
  OBJCOPY arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso64.so
  OBJCOPY arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso32.so
  VDSO2C  arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso-image-64.c
  VDSO2C  arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso-image-32.c
  CC      arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso-image-64.o
  CC      arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso-image-32.o
  AS      arch/x86/crypto/sha1_avx2_x86_64_asm.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/verifier.o
  AS      arch/x86/crypto/sha1_ni_asm.o
  AR      arch/x86/entry/vdso/built-in.a
  AS      arch/x86/crypto/sha256-ssse3-asm.o
  AS      arch/x86/crypto/sha256-avx-asm.o
  AS      arch/x86/crypto/sha256-avx2-asm.o
  CC      arch/x86/crypto/sha256_ssse3_glue.o
  AS      arch/x86/crypto/sha256_ni_asm.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/inode.o
  AR      init/built-in.a
  AS      arch/x86/crypto/sha512-ssse3-asm.o
  AS      arch/x86/crypto/sha512-avx-asm.o
  AS      arch/x86/crypto/sha512-avx2-asm.o
  AS      arch/x86/entry/entry_64_compat.o
  CC      arch/x86/crypto/sha512_ssse3_glue.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/des3_ede-asm_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/entry/syscall_32.o
  CC      mm/mempool.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/des3_ede_glue.o
  AR      arch/x86/entry/built-in.a
  CC      arch/x86/events/amd/core.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/helpers.o
  CC      mm/oom_kill.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/tnum.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/camellia-x86_64-asm_64.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/camellia_glue.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/hashtab.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/arraymap.o
  CC      mm/fadvise.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/percpu_freelist.o
  CC      arch/x86/events/amd/uncore.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/blowfish-x86_64-asm_64.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/bpf_lru_list.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/blowfish_glue.o
  CC      arch/x86/events/amd/ibs.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/lpm_trie.o
  CC      arch/x86/events/amd/iommu.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/map_in_map.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/local_storage.o
  CC      mm/maccess.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/twofish-x86_64-asm_64.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/twofish_glue.o
  CC      mm/page-writeback.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/queue_stack_maps.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/twofish-x86_64-asm_64-3way.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/twofish_glue_3way.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/events/amd/power.o
  CC      mm/readahead.o
  CC      mm/swap.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/chacha-ssse3-x86_64.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/chacha_glue.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/disasm.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/chacha-avx2-x86_64.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/chacha-avx512vl-x86_64.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/serpent-sse2-x86_64-asm_64.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/serpent_sse2_glue.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/ghash-clmulni-intel_asm.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/btf.o
  AR      arch/x86/events/amd/built-in.a
  CC      arch/x86/events/intel/core.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/ghash-clmulni-intel_glue.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/devmap.o
  CC      mm/truncate.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/crc32c-intel_glue.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/crc32c-pcl-intel-asm_64.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/crc32-pclmul_asm.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/crc32-pclmul_glue.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/crct10dif-pcl-asm_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/events/intel/bts.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/cpumap.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/xskmap.o
  CC      mm/vmscan.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/crct10dif-pclmul_glue.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/offload.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/stackmap.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/poly1305-sse2-x86_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/events/intel/ds.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/poly1305_glue.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/poly1305-avx2-x86_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/events/intel/knc.o
  CC      arch/x86/events/intel/lbr.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/cgroup.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/reuseport_array.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/camellia-aesni-avx-asm_64.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/camellia_aesni_avx_glue.o
  CC      arch/x86/events/intel/p4.o
  CC      arch/x86/events/intel/p6.o
  CC      arch/x86/events/intel/pt.o
  CC      kernel/bpf/sysfs_btf.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/cast5-avx-x86_64-asm_64.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/cast5_avx_glue.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/cast6-avx-x86_64-asm_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/events/core.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/events/intel/uncore.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/events/intel/uncore_nhmex.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/cast6_avx_glue.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/events/intel/uncore_snb.o
  AR      kernel/bpf/built-in.a
  CC      kernel/cgroup/cgroup.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/twofish-avx-x86_64-asm_64.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/twofish_avx_glue.o
  CC      kernel/cgroup/rstat.o
  CC      kernel/cgroup/namespace.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/events/intel/uncore_snbep.o
  CC      mm/shmem.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/events/intel/cstate.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/serpent-avx-x86_64-asm_64.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/serpent_avx_glue.o
  CC      arch/x86/events/probe.o
  CC      kernel/cgroup/cgroup-v1.o
  CC      kernel/cgroup/freezer.o
  AR      arch/x86/events/intel/built-in.a
  LD [M]  arch/x86/events/intel/intel-cstate.o
  CC      kernel/cgroup/legacy_freezer.o
  CC      arch/x86/events/msr.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/events/intel/intel-uncore.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/events/rapl.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/camellia-aesni-avx2-asm_64.o
  CC      kernel/cgroup/pids.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/camellia_aesni_avx2_glue.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/crypto/serpent-avx2-asm_64.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/crypto/serpent_avx2_glue.o
  AR      arch/x86/events/built-in.a
  CC      kernel/cgroup/rdma.o
  CC      kernel/cgroup/cpuset.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/des3_ede-x86_64.o
  CC      mm/util.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/camellia-x86_64.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/blowfish-x86_64.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/twofish-x86_64.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/twofish-x86_64-3way.o
  CC      mm/mmzone.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/chacha-x86_64.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/serpent-sse2-x86_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/hyperv/hv_init.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/ghash-clmulni-intel.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/crc32c-intel.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/crc32-pclmul.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/crct10dif-pclmul.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/poly1305-x86_64.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/camellia-aesni-avx-x86_64.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/cast5-avx-x86_64.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/cast6-avx-x86_64.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/twofish-avx-x86_64.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/serpent-avx-x86_64.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/camellia-aesni-avx2.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/crypto/serpent-avx2.o
  AR      arch/x86/crypto/built-in.a
  CC      arch/x86/ia32/sys_ia32.o
  CC      mm/vmstat.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/../../../virt/kvm/kvm_main.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/acpi/boot.o
  CC      arch/x86/hyperv/mmu.o
  CC      arch/x86/ia32/ia32_signal.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/acpi/sleep.o
  CC      mm/backing-dev.o
  AS      arch/x86/kernel/acpi/wakeup_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/acpi/apei.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/acpi/cppc_msr.o
  AR      kernel/cgroup/built-in.a
  CC      kernel/debug/kdb/kdb_io.o
  CC      arch/x86/hyperv/nested.o
  CC      arch/x86/ia32/audit.o
  CC      mm/mm_init.o
  AR      arch/x86/ia32/built-in.a
  CC      arch/x86/mm/init.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/acpi/cstate.o
  CC      mm/mmu_context.o
  CC      mm/percpu.o
  CC      mm/slab_common.o
  CC      kernel/debug/kdb/kdb_main.o
  CC      arch/x86/hyperv/hv_apic.o
  AR      arch/x86/kernel/acpi/built-in.a
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic_common.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/init_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic_noop.o
  CC      arch/x86/hyperv/hv_spinlock.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/apic/ipi.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/../../../virt/kvm/coalesced_mmio.o
  AR      arch/x86/hyperv/built-in.a
  CC      kernel/debug/kdb/kdb_support.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/../../../virt/kvm/eventfd.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/apic/vector.o
  CC      arch/x86/net/bpf_jit_comp.o
  CC      mm/compaction.o
  AR      arch/x86/platform/atom/built-in.a
  AR      arch/x86/platform/ce4100/built-in.a
  CC      arch/x86/platform/efi/quirks.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/../../../virt/kvm/irqchip.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/fault.o
  CC      kernel/debug/kdb/kdb_bt.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/apic/hw_nmi.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/apic/io_apic.o
  AR      arch/x86/net/built-in.a
  CC      arch/x86/platform/efi/efi.o
  CC      arch/x86/purgatory/purgatory.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/apic/msi.o
  GENKDB  kernel/debug/kdb/gen-kdb_cmds.c
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/../../../virt/kvm/vfio.o
  CC      kernel/debug/kdb/kdb_bp.o
  AS      arch/x86/purgatory/stack.o
  AS      arch/x86/purgatory/setup-x86_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/purgatory/sha256.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/ioremap.o
  CC      kernel/debug/kdb/kdb_debugger.o
  CC      arch/x86/platform/efi/efi_64.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/../../../virt/kvm/async_pf.o
  CC      mm/vmacache.o
  AS      arch/x86/purgatory/entry64.o
  CC      arch/x86/purgatory/string.o
  CC      arch/x86/realmode/init.o
  LD      arch/x86/purgatory/purgatory.ro
  BIN2C   arch/x86/purgatory/kexec-purgatory.c
  CC      arch/x86/purgatory/kexec-purgatory.o
  AR      arch/x86/purgatory/built-in.a
  AS      arch/x86/realmode/rm/header.o
  AS      arch/x86/realmode/rm/trampoline_64.o
  AS      arch/x86/realmode/rm/stack.o
  AS      arch/x86/realmode/rm/reboot.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/x86.o
  CC      mm/interval_tree.o
  AS      arch/x86/realmode/rm/wakeup_asm.o
  CC      arch/x86/realmode/rm/wakemain.o
...
  CC      arch/x86/xen/mmu_hvm.o
  CC      arch/x86/platform/uv/uv_sysfs.o
  CC      arch/x86/platform/uv/uv_time.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/setup_nx.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/tlb.o
  CC      arch/x86/xen/suspend_hvm.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/cpu_entry_area.o
  CC      arch/x86/platform/uv/uv_nmi.o
arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/core.o: warning: objtool: mce_timed_out()+0x63: unreachable instruction
  AR      kernel/dma/built-in.a
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/mmu.o
  CC      arch/x86/xen/platform-pci-unplug.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/severity.o
  CC      kernel/events/core.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/pat_rbtree.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/genpool.o
  AR      arch/x86/platform/uv/built-in.a
  CC      arch/x86/xen/trace.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/hugetlbpage.o
  CC      mm/mincore.o
  AR      arch/x86/platform/built-in.a
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/intel.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/numa.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/numa_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/amdtopology.o
  CC      mm/mlock.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/srat.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/amd.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/numa_emulation.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/threshold.o
  CC      arch/x86/xen/smp.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/pkeys.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/kaslr.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/therm_throt.o
  CC      mm/mmap.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/pti.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/mem_encrypt.o
  CC      arch/x86/mm/mem_encrypt_identity.o
  CC      arch/x86/xen/smp_hvm.o
  CC      arch/x86/xen/spinlock.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/emulate.o
  CC      arch/x86/xen/pci-swiotlb-xen.o
  AS      arch/x86/mm/mem_encrypt_boot.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/apei.o
  CC      kernel/events/ring_buffer.o
  CC      arch/x86/xen/efi.o
  CC      mm/mmu_gather.o
  AR      arch/x86/mm/built-in.a
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/dev-mcelog.o
  AR      arch/x86/xen/built-in.a
  CC      mm/mprotect.o
  CC      kernel/events/callchain.o
  CC      kernel/events/hw_breakpoint.o
  CC      kernel/events/uprobes.o
  CC      mm/mremap.o
  CC      mm/msync.o
  CC      kernel/irq/irqdesc.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/inject.o
  CC      kernel/irq/handle.o
  CC      mm/page_vma_mapped.o
  CC      mm/pagewalk.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/i8259.o
  AR      kernel/events/built-in.a
  CC      kernel/irq/manage.o
  AR      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/built-in.a
  CC      mm/pgtable-generic.o
  CC      kernel/irq/spurious.o
  CC      kernel/livepatch/core.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/mce-inject.o
  CC      kernel/livepatch/patch.o
  CC      mm/rmap.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/core.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/irq.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/intel.o
  CC      mm/vmalloc.o
  CC      kernel/livepatch/shadow.o
  CC      kernel/irq/resend.o
  CC      kernel/irq/chip.o
  CC      kernel/livepatch/transition.o
  CC      mm/process_vm_access.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/lapic.o
  CC      kernel/irq/dummychip.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/amd.o
  CC      mm/page_alloc.o
  AR      kernel/livepatch/built-in.a
  CC      mm/shuffle.o
  CC      kernel/irq/devres.o
  CC      kernel/irq/autoprobe.o
  CC      kernel/locking/mutex.o
  AR      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/built-in.a
  CC      kernel/power/qos.o
  CC      mm/init-mm.o
  CC      kernel/irq/irqdomain.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/mtrr.o
  CC      mm/memblock.o
  CC      mm/madvise.o
  CC      kernel/locking/semaphore.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/i8254.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/if.o
  CC      kernel/irq/proc.o
  CC      kernel/power/main.o
  CC      kernel/locking/rwsem.o
  CC      mm/page_io.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/ioapic.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/generic.o
  CC      kernel/irq/migration.o
  CC      mm/swap_state.o
  CC      kernel/locking/percpu-rwsem.o
  CC      kernel/irq/cpuhotplug.o
  CC      kernel/irq/pm.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/irq_comm.o
  CC      kernel/power/console.o
  CC      kernel/locking/spinlock.o
  CC      mm/swapfile.o
  CC      kernel/irq/msi.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/cleanup.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/cpuid.o
  CC      kernel/power/process.o
  CC      kernel/locking/osq_lock.o
  CC      kernel/locking/qspinlock.o
  AR      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/built-in.a
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/resctrl/core.o
  CC      kernel/locking/rtmutex.o
  CC      kernel/power/suspend.o
  CC      kernel/irq/affinity.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/pmu.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/mtrr.o
  CC      kernel/irq/matrix.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/resctrl/rdtgroup.o
  CC      kernel/locking/qrwlock.o
  CC [M]  kernel/locking/locktorture.o
  AR      kernel/locking/built-in.a
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/hyperv.o
  CC      mm/swap_slots.o
  CC      kernel/power/hibernate.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/page_track.o
  CC      kernel/printk/printk.o
  AR      kernel/irq/built-in.a
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/debugfs.o
  CC      kernel/rcu/update.o
  CC      mm/frontswap.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/resctrl/monitor.o
  CC      kernel/rcu/sync.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.o
  CC      kernel/rcu/srcutree.o
  CC      kernel/rcu/tree.o
  CC      kernel/power/snapshot.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/resctrl/ctrlmondata.o
  CC      mm/zswap.o
  AS [M]  arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmenter.o
  CC      kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/resctrl/pseudo_lock.o
  CC      kernel/printk/printk_safe.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/vmx/pmu_intel.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmcs12.o
  AR      kernel/printk/built-in.a
  CC      kernel/sched/core.o
  CC      kernel/power/swap.o
  CC      mm/dmapool.o
  CC      kernel/sched/loadavg.o
  AR      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/resctrl/built-in.a
  CC      kernel/power/user.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cacheinfo.o
  CC      kernel/power/poweroff.o
  CC      mm/hugetlb.o
  CC      kernel/power/energy_model.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/scattered.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/topology.o
  CC      kernel/sched/clock.o
  AR      kernel/rcu/built-in.a
  CC      kernel/time/time.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.o
  AR      kernel/power/built-in.a
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_clock.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/rdrand.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/match.o
  CC      kernel/trace/ftrace.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.o
  CC      kernel/sched/cputime.o
  CC      kernel/time/timer.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/aperfmperf.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/vmx/evmcs.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/vmx/nested.o
  CC      mm/mempolicy.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cpuid-deps.o
  CC      kernel/sched/idle.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/umwait.o
  CC      kernel/sched/fair.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/proc.o
  MKCAP   arch/x86/kernel/cpu/capflags.c
  CC      kernel/time/hrtimer.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/powerflags.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/intel.o
  CC      kernel/trace/ring_buffer.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/intel_pconfig.o
  CC      kernel/sched/rt.o
  CC      mm/sparse.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/tsx.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/intel_epb.o
  CC      kernel/time/timekeeping.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/amd.o
  CC      mm/sparse-vmemmap.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/svm.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/hygon.o
  CC      kernel/sched/deadline.o
  CC      mm/mmu_notifier.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace.o
  CC      kernel/time/ntp.o
  CC      kernel/sched/wait.o
  CC      mm/ksm.o
  CC      kernel/time/clocksource.o
  CC      kernel/sched/wait_bit.o
  CC      kernel/time/jiffies.o
  CC      kernel/sched/swait.o
  CC      kernel/time/timer_list.o
  CC      kernel/time/timeconv.o
  CC      kernel/time/timecounter.o
  CC      kernel/time/alarmtimer.o
  CC      mm/page_poison.o
  CC      kernel/sched/completion.o
  CC [M]  arch/x86/kvm/pmu_amd.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/kvm/kvm.o
  CC      kernel/sched/cpupri.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/kvm/kvm-intel.o
  CC      mm/slub.o
  CC      mm/memory_hotplug.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_output.o
  CC      kernel/time/posix-timers.o
  LD [M]  arch/x86/kvm/kvm-amd.o
  CC      kernel/time/posix-cpu-timers.o
  CC      kernel/sched/cpudeadline.o
  CC      kernel/sched/topology.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_seq.o
  CC      kernel/time/posix-clock.o
  CC      kernel/time/itimer.o
  CC      kernel/time/clockevents.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/centaur.o
  CC      mm/migrate.o
  CC      kernel/time/tick-common.o
  CC      kernel/sched/stop_task.o
  CC      kernel/time/tick-broadcast.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_stat.o
  CC      mm/huge_memory.o
  CC      kernel/time/tick-broadcast-hrtimer.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/zhaoxin.o
  CC      kernel/time/tick-oneshot.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perfctr-watchdog.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_printk.o
  CC      kernel/time/tick-sched.o
  CC      kernel/sched/pelt.o
  CC      kernel/time/vsyscall.o
  CC      kernel/time/timekeeping_debug.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/vmware.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/fpu/init.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/fpu/bugs.o
  CC      kernel/trace/tracing_map.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/hypervisor.o
  CC      kernel/sched/autogroup.o
  AR      kernel/time/built-in.a
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mshyperv.o
  CC      kernel/fork.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/fpu/core.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/fpu/regset.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_sched_switch.o
  CC      mm/khugepaged.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/capflags.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.o
  AR      arch/x86/kernel/cpu/built-in.a
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_functions.o
  CC      kernel/sched/stats.o
  CC      kernel/sched/debug.o
  CC      kernel/sched/cpuacct.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/opt.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_sched_wakeup.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/ftrace.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_hwlat.o
  AR      arch/x86/kernel/fpu/built-in.a
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_nop.o
  CC      kernel/exec_domain.o
  CC      kernel/panic.o
  CC      mm/page_counter.o
  AR      arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/built-in.a
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/process_64.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_stack.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_functions_graph.o
  CC      kernel/sched/cpufreq.o
  CC      mm/memcontrol.o
  CC      kernel/cpu.o
  CC      kernel/exit.o
  CC      kernel/softirq.o
  CC      kernel/trace/blktrace.o
  CC      kernel/trace/fgraph.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/signal.o
  CC      kernel/sched/cpufreq_schedutil.o
kernel/exit.o: warning: objtool: __x64_sys_exit_group()+0x14: unreachable instruction
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_events.o
  CC      kernel/resource.o
  CC      kernel/sysctl.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/signal_compat.o
  CC      kernel/sysctl_binary.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_export.o
  CC      kernel/sched/membarrier.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/traps.o
  CC      kernel/capability.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/idt.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_syscalls.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/irq.o
  CC      kernel/sched/isolation.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/irq_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_64.o
  CC      kernel/ptrace.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_event_perf.o
  CC      kernel/user.o
  CC      kernel/signal.o
  CC      mm/vmpressure.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/time.o
  CC      kernel/sys.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/ioport.o
  CC      mm/swap_cgroup.o
  CC      kernel/sched/psi.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_events_filter.o
  CC      kernel/umh.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/nmi.o
  CC      mm/hugetlb_cgroup.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/ldt.o
  AR      kernel/sched/built-in.a
  CC      kernel/workqueue.o
  CC      mm/memory-failure.o
  CC      kernel/pid.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/setup.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/x86_init.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_events_trigger.o
  CC      kernel/task_work.o
  CC      kernel/extable.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/i8259.o
  CC      kernel/params.o
  CC      kernel/kthread.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/irqinit.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_events_hist.o
  CC      kernel/sys_ni.o
  CC      mm/page_owner.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/jump_label.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/irq_work.o
  CC      kernel/nsproxy.o
  CC      kernel/notifier.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/probe_roms.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/espfix_64.o
  CC      mm/cleancache.o
  CC      kernel/ksysfs.o
  CC      kernel/cred.o
  CC      mm/page_isolation.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/ksysfs.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/bootflag.o
  CC      kernel/reboot.o
  CC      mm/zpool.o
  CC      kernel/async.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/e820.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/pci-dma.o
  CC      kernel/range.o
  CC      mm/zbud.o
  CC      kernel/smpboot.o
  CC      mm/zsmalloc.o
  CC      kernel/ucount.o
  CC      kernel/trace/bpf_trace.o
  CC      kernel/kmod.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/quirks.o
  CC      mm/early_ioremap.o
  CC      mm/balloon_compaction.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/topology.o
  CC      kernel/groups.o
  CC      mm/page_ext.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_kprobe.o
  CC      kernel/trace/power-traces.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/kdebugfs.o
  CC      mm/userfaultfd.o
  CC      mm/page_idle.o
  CC      kernel/kcmp.o
  CC      kernel/freezer.o
  CC      kernel/trace/rpm-traces.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/alternative.o
  CC      mm/frame_vector.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/i8253.o
  CC      kernel/profile.o
  CC      mm/usercopy.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_kdb.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/hw_breakpoint.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_dynevent.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_probe.o
  CC      kernel/stacktrace.o
  CC      kernel/trace/trace_uprobe.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/tsc.o
  CC      mm/memremap.o
  CC      mm/hmm.o
  CC [M]  kernel/trace/ring_buffer_benchmark.o
  CC      mm/memfd.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/tsc_msr.o
  AR      kernel/trace/built-in.a
  CC      kernel/futex.o
  CC      kernel/dma.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/io_delay.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/rtc.o
  CC      kernel/smp.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/pci-iommu_table.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/resource.o
  AS      arch/x86/kernel/irqflags.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/process.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.o
  CC [M]  mm/hwpoison-inject.o
  CC      kernel/uid16.o
  CC      kernel/module.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/tls.o
  CC      kernel/module_signing.o
  AR      mm/built-in.a
  CC      kernel/module_signature.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/step.o
  CC      kernel/kallsyms.o
  CC      kernel/acct.o
  CC      kernel/crash_core.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/tboot.o
  CC      kernel/kexec_core.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/i8237.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/stacktrace.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/reboot.o
  CC      kernel/kexec.o
  CC      kernel/kexec_file.o
  CC      kernel/compat.o
  CC      kernel/utsname.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/msr.o
  CC      kernel/user_namespace.o
  CC      kernel/pid_namespace.o
  CC      kernel/stop_machine.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/cpuid.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/early-quirks.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/smp.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/smpboot.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/tsc_sync.o
  CC      kernel/audit.o
  CC      kernel/auditfilter.o
  CC      kernel/auditsc.o
  CC      kernel/audit_watch.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/setup_percpu.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/mpparse.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/livepatch.o
  CC      kernel/audit_fsnotify.o
  AS      arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_64.o
  CC      kernel/audit_tree.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/trace_clock.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/machine_kexec_64.o
  AS      arch/x86/kernel/relocate_kernel_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/crash.o
  CC      kernel/kprobes.o
  CC      kernel/hung_task.o
  CC      kernel/watchdog.o
  CC      kernel/watchdog_hld.o
  CC      kernel/seccomp.o
  CC      kernel/relay.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/kexec-bzimage64.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/crash_dump_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/module.o
  CC      kernel/utsname_sysctl.o
  CC      kernel/delayacct.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/doublefault.o
  CC      kernel/taskstats.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/kgdb.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/early_printk.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/hpet.o
  CC      kernel/tsacct.o
  CC      kernel/tracepoint.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/amd_nb.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/kvm.o
  CC      kernel/irq_work.o
  CC      kernel/user-return-notifier.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/kvmclock.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/paravirt.o
  CC      kernel/padata.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/paravirt_patch.o
  CC      kernel/crash_dump.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/paravirt-spinlocks.o
  CC      kernel/jump_label.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/pvclock.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/pmem.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/pcspeaker.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/check.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/pci-swiotlb.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/uprobes.o
  CC      kernel/context_tracking.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/sysfb.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/sysfb_efi.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/perf_regs.o
  CC      kernel/iomem.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/tracepoint.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/itmt.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/umip.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/audit_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/mmconf-fam10h_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/vsmp_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/ima_arch.o
  CC      kernel/rseq.o
  CHK     kernel/kheaders_data.tar.xz
  AS      arch/x86/kernel/head_64.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/head64.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/ebda.o
  GEN     kernel/kheaders_data.tar.xz
  CC [M]  kernel/torture.o
  CC      arch/x86/kernel/platform-quirks.o
  LDS     arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds
  AR      kernel/built-in.a
  AR      arch/x86/kernel/built-in.a
  AR      arch/x86/built-in.a
  CC [M]  kernel/kheaders.o
error: Bad exit status from /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.OiSlab (%build)

RPM build errors:
    Bad exit status from /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.OiSlab (%build)
make[1]: *** [scripts/Makefile.package:59: rpm-pkg] Error 1
make: *** [Makefile:1469: rpm-pkg] Error 2

Help me
Comment: there must be. more error output. mostly some lines ahead.
Comment: @djdomi Due to character limitations, all logs could not be recorded, but most logs are included.
Comment: have you done any research? Specially [Rocky Linux has a nice Manual](https://docs.rockylinux.org/guides/custom-linux-kernel/)
Answer: I found the answer. The following has been omitted.
sed -ri '/CONFIG_SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYS/s/=.+/=""/g' .config

Found in the rockylinuxs document.
https://docs.rockylinux.org/guides/custom-linux-kernel/#compiling-the-kernel


integral of $z^{-1}$

Question: I know something similar might been asked, but I learn by example. The assignment is to find the integral of $z^{-1}$ in the square with points $(1+i) , (1-i), (-1-i), (-1+i)$
Do we rewrite $z$ as $a+bi$? How is this done?
Comment: Is this a contour integral around the boundary of the indicated square, as $\oint_C\frac{dz}{z}$?
Comment: Edited my OP, @vadim123, why can we write $z^{-1}$ as $dz/z$?
Comment: @MPW I would assume so.  @ Bahbi Begin by noting that $z=0$ is a *pole* of $\frac{1}{z}$ and otherwise it is analytic.  Thus by [Cauchy's Integral Formula](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauchy's_integral_formula), you have $f(a)=\frac{1}{2\pi i}\oint\frac{f(z)}{z-a}dz$ for appropriate choice of $a$ and $f$.  In this case, $f(z)=1$ and $a=0$, you can simplify the above.  If you wish to do this by hand instead of relying on theorems, then note that on each leg of the trip, you only change the real (or imaginary) coordinates.  Do you know how to calculate $\int_{-1}^1 \frac{dx}{a-x}$
Comment: @ Bahbi, we can write *the integral of $z^{-1}$ (with respect to $z$)* as the integral of $\frac{1}{z}$ with respect to $z$ as $\int \frac{1}{z} dz$ as $\int \frac{dz}{z}$.  It is not so much that we rewrite $z^{-1}$ as $dz/z$, but that we can rewrite the *integral with respect to*...as... Remember that $z^{-n} = \frac{1}{z^n}$.  Also note that $\frac{1}{z} = \frac{1}{z-0}$
Comment: @JMoravitz I understand that $f(a)=1/(2πi)∮f(z)/(z−a)dz$ gives me (with $f(z)=1, a=0$) $f(a)=1/(2πi)$ so what do I do with the square to get my final result?
Comment: If you are asked to do this from first principles, you would parameterize each of the edges of the square, then do four integrals and add.  But if you are to use Cauchy's integral theorem (as WPW hints) then of course it is much easier than that.
Comment: You say $f(a)=1/(2\pi i)$, but that is incorrect.  You wanted to isolate the integral.  Further, you know that $f(a)=1$ for any value of $a$, in particular when $a=0$, so...
Comment: @JMoravitz Why do I know that $f(a)=1$ for all $a$? Would this conclude our integral to be $2πi$
Comment: Read again the statement of cauchy's integral formula.  We wanted to pick a function f and a value a such that f is analytic on the region and also in a convenient way so that it resembles the integral we were curious about in the first place.  It happens that the constant function f (z)=1 is exactly what we wanted to make the integral be what the original question asked about
Comment: It is still worth doing the question at least once without cauchy's integral formula and doing it by hand.  The integral I asked you about in an earlier comment, have you thought about that yet?  Maybe something to do with logarithms?
Answer: Let $\gamma$ be the curve traveling along the perimeter of the square with vertices $(1+i),(-1+i),(-1-i),(1-i)$ traveling around the perimeter once in a counter-clockwise direction.  Let us label the edges of the square counterclockwise with edge $1$ being the edge from $(1+i)$ to $(-1+i)$
$\oint_\gamma z^{-1}dz = \int_{\gamma_1} z^{-1}dz + \int_{\gamma_2} z^{-1}dz+\int_{\gamma_3} z^{-1}dz+\int_{\gamma_4} z^{-1}dz$ where $\gamma_n$ is the $n^{th}$ part of the trip traveling along the $n^{th}$ edge.
Let us look at each in more detail.  $\int_{\gamma_1} \frac{dz}{z} = \int_1^{-1} \frac{dx}{x+i}$.  This comes from realizing that we can think of a complex number $z$ instead as the form $x+iy$ where both $x$ and $y$ are real, and that all along the first edge, $y=1$.
We have $\int_{\gamma_1}\frac{dz}{z}=\int_1^{-1}\frac{dx}{x+i} = \ln(-1+i)-\ln(1+i) = \ln(\frac{-1+i}{1+i}) = \ln(\frac{2i}{2})=\ln(i)=\frac{i\pi}{2}$
Continuing in this fashion, find the rest of the integrals $\int_{\gamma_2}\frac{dz}{z}, \int_{\gamma_3}\frac{dz}{z}, \int_{\gamma_4}\frac{dz}{z}$ and then add the results.

Alternatively, using Cauchy's Integral Formula and the calculus of residues, we know that for analytic $f$ over a domain $\Omega$, and the boundary of omega $\partial \Omega$, for each $a \in \Omega^\circ$ we have:
$$f(a) = \frac{1}{2\pi i} \oint_{\partial \Omega} \frac{f(z)}{z-a} dz$$
What this means to us is that if we want to find $\oint \frac{1}{z}dz$ we could write it instead using the above with $f(z)=1$ for all $z$, and $a=0$ as:
$$f(0)=1 = \frac{1}{2\pi i} \oint_\gamma \frac{f(z)}{z-0}dz = \frac{1}{2\pi i}\oint_\gamma \frac{1}{z}dz$$
Multiplying both sides by $2\pi i$ we get $\oint_\gamma \frac{1}{z}dz = 2\pi i$ (which should agree with your calculations using the first method).

integral of $z^{-1}$


Benefit of config entities over regular config entries?

Question: In Drupal 8 it is possible to store configuration in "config entities".
However, the same can also be achieved with non-entity config entries.
E.g. one example for a config entity schema, from core.entity.schema.yml:
core.entity_view_display.*.*.*:
  type: config_entity
  label: 'Entity display'
  mapping:
    id:
      type: string
      label: 'ID'
    targetEntityType:
      type: string
      label: 'Target entity type'
    bundle:
      type: string
      label: 'Bundle'
    mode:
      type: string
      label: 'View or form mode machine name'
    content:
      type: sequence
      ...
    hidden:
      type: sequence
      ...

The same information could be stored in entries with type: mapping, like so:
core.entity_view_display.*.*.*:
  type: mapping
  label: 'Entity display'
  mapping:
    content:
      type: sequence
      ...
    hidden:
      type: sequence
      ...

In fact, we would not even have to store the 'targetEntityType', 'bundle' and 'mode' as properties, because these are already part of the key (the asterisks in the schema key). We could also omit the 'id', because the key is already a unique identifier, making the id redundant.
Obviously, one would not use entity crud components to deal with those config entries, but call directly the config API, e.g. \Drupal::configFactory->get(..).
Also, one would not inherit from EntityForm, but have custom form classes. But it seems all doable.
Question
So: What would we miss by not using config entities? In which cases would a simple "mapping" be sufficient?
To stick with the example: What can we currently do with 'entity_view_display' entities, that would not be possible if these were just 'mapping' entries?
Background / Use case
My original use case was this one: Custom entries in entity view modes?, which came up when I wanted to port entdispfieldui to Drupal 8.
This question was very specific, so I wanted to ask a more general question about the benefits of config entities.
In this case I decided to use non-entity config entries. One reason was that config entities caused recursion in hook_entity_extra_field_info().
I am going to port more modules to Drupal 8, where the same question will come up, but where I don't have to worry about hook_entity_extra_field_info(). E.g. cfrpreset.
Comment: Config Entity has Entity class and it can have methods. Simple config/mapping has only get/set. Also config entities can be used as bundles for other(content) entities which simple config cannot(out of the box). In other words \Drupal\Core\Config\Config vs \Drupal\Core\Config\Entity\ConfigEntityBase
Answer: A config entity is useful when there need to be multiple variations of the configuration, think views, image styles, or node bundles. If there is no need to create variations, as in system.site which stores the site's basic information or core.extensions which stores the list of enabled modules, a basic config entry is appropriate.
Comment: By variations you mean instances of configuration, whereas "basic configuration" means global settings which exist only once?
Comment: Yes, that works.


check if wireless is on (even if not connected to any network)

Question: Can I check if the wireless is enabled, even if not connected to any network. I need wireless enabled to get more accurate gps readings. But I don't need to be concede to any of the networks (It  seams that unless wi-fi is active, the device can not use networks for positioning). For data transfer I will use the mobile network.
So, How do I check if wireless is activated?
Comment: How about this answer? [how to see if wifi is connected in android](http://stackoverflow.com/a/3841407/1513735)
Answer: <code>public boolean isWifiOn() {
     WifiManager wifi = (WifiManager) getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
     return wifi.isWifiEnabled();
}
</code>


Global Logout using in Shibboleth by deleting IDP cookie

Question: I have a product which authenticates using Shibboleth.
When a user initiates a logout on the website

The web server sends a logout request to the Shibboleth SP.
SP deletes the cookies post on getting the request.
However if the user goes back to the website the login page is not prompted

For the configuration shown below I am using Shibboleth Service Provider given here
https://www.testshib.org/install.html#SP. It is configured to use the testshib.org IdP details of which can be read here

I believe that the IdP is not deleting its session cookie and re-login the user on Step 3.
More on IdP Cookies:
This wiki-source states IdP uses two cookies <code>_idp_authn_lc_key</code> which is deleted after authentication. and the second is a session cookie '_idp_session' for which it states that :

Once a user has been authenticated they will have a long-lived session
  with the IdP which is tracked by a cookie named _idp_session. This
  cookie contains only information necessary for identifying the user's
  IdP session. This cookie is created as "session" cookie and will be
  removed when the browser chooses to remove such cookies (often when
  the browser is closed).

My question is

What changes do I need to make on the SP to request the IdP to delete the same and effectively create a GLOBAL LOGOUT ?
Comment: Look this https://wiki.shibboleth.net/confluence/display/SHIB2/IdPEnableSLO#IdPEnableSLO-FullSAMLLogout
Comment: I've achieved what you want here by directing to my IdP's logout URL.Your IdP _should_ provide that to you. I'm not sure if TestShib has one, or has any documentation on it. Edit: looks like TestShib doesn't provide any support for this.
Answer: For what it's worth, you're going to have a very hard time forcing the IdP to log the user off. The cookie approach is an implementation detail, and not all IdPs use it, and it could change. Some IdPs may offer a logout URL, but honestly, it's potentially something bad for users (can you imagine if you could figure out a way to constantly deauthorize a user from not just your site, but their sessions with any other SPs?). You really only have control of your own sessions on the service provider.
Why not force re-authentication when your user returns / comes back to your SP? If they haven't been authenticated recently to the IdP after a visit (that's a field you get back from the SAML exchange), just send them back to the IdP again and pass the forced-reauth flag.
If you're using the Shibboleth software, it's even built in:
https://wiki.cac.washington.edu/display/infra/Configure+a+Service+Provider+to+Force+Re-Authentication
Comment: I'm having this issue as well and in fact the IdP I am connecting to requires us to use `ForceAuthn` on Shibboleth however the feature isn't working properly. It does force re-authentication but the wrong user is logged in. Example: User A logs in, logs out of SP, returns to SP, user B enters credentials, but session initiates with user A's identity. Do you have any suggestion for this?


Where is the class "placeholder" defined?

Question: According to the function:
function drupal_placeholder($text) {
  return '' . check_plain($text) . '';
}

It would return the HTML code with class "placecholder".
I had searched the word "placeholder" in the drupal 7 project about 4,800 files. I expected to find the default CSS definition of class placeholder e.g. em.placeholder{} or .placehoder{}. But I can't.
I can only find some files with html ID attribute #placeholder{} was defined.
Some of the files:
 drupal/modules/color/color-rtl.css
 drupal/modules/color/color.css
 drupal/sites/all/module/ctools.css.stylizer.css

Because I want to modify class with my style globally. Please advise if any default definition of class placeholder in drupal 7.
Comment: Why not just use the "placeholder" class in your CSS?
Comment: I want to know the default value of the placeholder class because I want to improve the false safe handling. In the best practice, the default value should be known before doing any override action.

Define the "placeholder" class in my CSS would work properly and it can override default setting. But, I want to place safe to know the condition if my custom CSS was failed.

Also, if possible, changing the default value would better option than doing override action.
Comment: No there's no default styling in Drupal core for an element with a `.placeholder` class
Answer: The only uses of the placeholder class in core are (filename, followed by line number, follby the line):
modules/dashboard/dashboard.js:35:        if ($('.placeholder', this).length == 0) {
modules/dashboard/dashboard.js:38:        $('.placeholder', this).html(empty_text);
modules/dashboard/dashboard.js:41:        $('.placeholder', this).remove();
modules/system/system.admin.css:264:.exposed-filters .current-filters .placeholder {

and also a few in jquery.ui that you can ignore:
misc/ui/jquery.ui.draggable.min.js:40
misc/ui/jquery.ui.sortable.min.js:26
misc/ui/jquery.ui.sortable.min.js:27
misc/ui/jquery.ui.sortable.min.js:29
misc/ui/jquery.ui.sortable.min.js:39
misc/ui/jquery.ui.sortable.min.js:40
misc/ui/jquery.ui.sortable.min.js:43
misc/ui/jquery.ui.sortable.min.js:55
misc/ui/jquery.ui.sortable.min.js:56
misc/ui/jquery.ui.sortable.min.js:59
misc/ui/jquery.ui.sortable.min.js:60

You can safely ignore all this and just implement your own css for the .placeholder class in your theme.
Comment: Thank very much. I would define my own CSS without uncertainty now.


Prove that $|S_A|=n!$

Question: Let $ A $ be a finite set with $ n $ elements. Define $ S_A $ the set of all bijective functions from $ A $ to $ A $.
To prove that its cardinal is $ n! $ I will prove it by mathematical induction.
For $ n = 1 $, then $ A $ has only one element, therefore there is only one bijective function from $ A $ to $ A $. That is, $ | S_A | = 1 = 1! $.
Let $ A $ be a set with $ n $ elements such that $ | S_A | = n! $. Let $ B $ be a set with $ n + 1 $ elements. Let $ S_B $ be the set of all bijective functions from $ B $ to $ B $. Furthermore, we can represent $ B$ as follows: $$ B = \{b_1, \ldots, b_ {n + 1} \}. $$
We are going to classify the elements of $ S_B $ as follows, $$ (S_B) _i = \{f \in S_B \mid f (b_ {n + 1}) = b_i \} $$
for all $ 1 \leq i \leq n + 1 $. How could I prove that $ | (S_B) _i | = n! $ And $ S_B = \bigcup_ {i = 1} ^ {n + 1} (S_B) _i $? Someone could help me with those two incisions that I have left, and tell me if the demonstration is good or if I have a wrong step.
Answer: Your proof works perfectly so far and you are very close to getting your answer. First, note that $(S_B)_i$ has the same cardinal as the set $\{f: \{b_1, \dots, b_n\} \rightarrow B \setminus \{b_i\}: f \text{ bijective}\}.$ Thus $\# (S_B)_i$ is just the number of bijective functions from a set with $n$ elements to a set with $n$ elements, i.e. $n!$ by the induction hypothesis. Morever, we indeed have that $S_B = \bigcup_{1 \leq i \leq n} (S_B)_i$ (and this union is a disjoint union). Indeed, the reverse inclusion is immediate and the direct one is also immediate since any $f \in S_B$ is an element of $(S_B)_{j_f},$ where $j_f$ is defined by $b_{j_f} = f(b_{n + 1}).$ I hope this helps. :)
Comment: Thank you, your answer gave me a lot of encouragement, since this test has been quite hard for me. What's more. Thank you for the help you gave me, and finally after a long time and with your help I can finish that exercise.
Comment: No worries, it's my pleasure! :)

Prove that $|S_A|=n!$


Finding the Fourier expansion of $f$ using its periodicity and definition on an interval.

Question:
I am trying to find the Fourier expansion of $f$, only knowing that $f$ has period $2$ and $f(x) = |x|$ if $-1 < x < 1$.

Since $f$ is even, there is no $b_n$ term, which is given by
$$b_n = \frac{2}{T} \int _0 ^T f(x) \sin (2\pi n \frac{x}{T} ) \, dx .$$
However, I am having trouble setting up the $a_n$ term
$$a_n = \frac{2}{T} \int _0 ^T f(x) \cos (2\pi n \frac{x}{T} ) \, dx  .$$
I do not think it is correct to immediately substitute $f(x) = |x|$ in the integral because if we let $T = 2$ in our case, we are integrating on $[0,2]$, and $|x|$ would only be on $[0,1]$. For $[1,2]$ it looks like the function $f(x) = -x$, but I am not sure how to write this out properly as a sum of two integrals. For example, if we did go with this, we would get
$$\frac{2}{2} \left[ \int _0 ^1 x \cos (2\pi n \frac{x}{T} ) \, dx +
 \int _1 ^2 -x \cos (2\pi n \frac{x}{T} ) \, dx \right]. $$
Any suggestions?
Answer: If $g$ has period $p$ then $\int_a^{a+p} g(x) dx$ does not depend on $a$.  In our case, taking $T=2$ the function $g(x)=f(x) \cos  (\frac {2 \pi n x} T)$ has period $2$ so its interval from $0$ to $T=2$ is same as its integral from $-1$ to $+1$. So take the limits as $-1$ to $1$ and put $f(x)=|x|$.


setting up Thunderbird and Exchange 2007 server

Question: I want to use Thunderbird with Exchange 2007. Before I used Outlook and everything worked fine. Now I set up the following settings in Thunderbird:
Inbox
IMAP
Server Address: 192.168.0.1
Port: 143
SSL: STARTTLS
Authentication: Password, normal
Outbox
SMTP
Server Address: 192.168.0.1
Port: 587
SSL: No
Authentication: No
The user can send and receive emails from inside the organization. Now the user should also send and receive emails outside the organization. If the user tries it he gets Unable to relay and no message is sent. This is an authentication problem.
How should the Exchange 2007 server be configured?
I tried other settings for the outbox within Thunderbird but they didn't worked. In the Exchange management consonsole I go to server configuration, client access, POP3 and IMAP4, click on the properties of POP3 and I have the following settings:
Binding:
TLS: Port 110
SSL: Port 995
Authentication:
Secure login and the name of the X.509 certificate
Under server configuration, Hub-Transport, properties of the default connector, tab authentication TLS, basic authentication and integrated Windows authentication is checked. Under authorisation group anonym user, exchange user, exchange server and legacy exchange server is checked.
Comment: Thunderbird + Microsoft Exchange is a pretty poor experience in my opinion... However, you should be able to get this to work. Why are you using IP addresses instead of hostnames?
Comment: @ewwhite: Yeah I know ... I looked for configurations which I found in the net and there somebody used the IP address. But I didn't get it managed to work with mail.yourdomain.com in the server address settings for IMAP and SMTP ...
Answer: SMTP should be configured to require authentication if you are publicly exposing the ports. Most default configs only allow relaying as authenticated users.
By "outside the org" are you leaving the network? Are you using VPN to connect to 192.168.0.1? mail.yourdomain.com is probably resolving to a public IP address, which would be unreachable while you are inside the network, and would only work outside the firewall if you had your IMAP/SMTP ports open to the Exchange server.
I think that if you were to configure your client to authenticate against both IMAP and SMTP, you would at minimum be working inside your firewall, pointed at 192.168.0.1.
To get it working outside the firewall with a local address, you would need to VPN.
If you don't want to VPN, and want to use mail.yourdomain.com, you could setup the yourdomain.com zone on an internal DNS server (assigned to clients with DHCP) and have it resolve mail.yourdomain.com to 192.168.0.1, and when you are outside the firewall, public DNS would resolve it to the correct public IP.
Comment: With "outside the org" I mean that the user can send to a gmail account not only to a mail account in the domain. So I'm in the network. There is an authentication for the incoming mails but there is no authentication for sending the emails. I tried to set up authentication in Thunderbird but it didn't worked. So how do I have to configure the authentication on the E2K7 server?


Como fazer quebra de linha ionic 3

Question: Estou tentando quebrar linha dentro de um objeto em ionic 3, já tentei com \n, \n com  e nada funciona o texto sempre sai numa única linha, alguém souber uma solução agradeço, segue o código
export const listaCafe = [
  ingredientes:
    "2 copos de farinha de grão-de-bico\n"+
    "2 copos de leite\n"+
    "4 colheres (chá) de fermento químico em pó\n"+
    "3 unidades de ovo\n"+
    "1 colher (chá) de sal\n"+
    "3 colheres (sopa) de manteiga sem sal\n"+
    "• tempero sugestão: salsinha, cebolinha, coentro e alecrim."
 ]

no meu arquivo ts eu faço um for e recupero os dados e faço a ligação com uma string interpolation na view

{{ingredientes}}

Comment: Já tentou ?
Answer: A solução que achei para quebra de linha foi setar no css white-space='pre-line'

Como fazer quebra de linha ionic 3


How to search a database using properties of model

Question: I have an MVC4 program in which I have a dropdown with a list of all of the properties of a model. I want the user to be able to select which property then type in a string value to the textbox to search. The issue is I can't dynamically change the query with the value of the dropdown.
public ActionResult SearchIndex(string searchString, string searchFields)
    {
        var selectListItems = new List<SelectListItem>();
        var first = db.BloodStored.First();
        foreach(var item in first.GetType().GetProperties())
        {
            selectListItems.Add(new SelectListItem(){ Text = item.Name, Value = item.Name});
        }
        IEnumerable<SelectListItem> enumSelectList = selectListItems;
        ViewBag.SearchFields = enumSelectList;

        var bloodSearch = from m in db.BloodStored
                          select m;

        if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(searchString))
        {
            PropertyInfo selectedSearchField = getType(searchFields);
            string fieldName = selectedSearchField.Name;

            //Dynamic Linq query this is how it needs to be set up to pass through linq.dynamic without exception
            bloodSearch = bloodSearch.Where("x => x." + fieldName + " == " + "@0", searchString).OrderBy("x => x." + fieldName);
            return View(bloodSearch);
        }
        return View(bloodSearch);
    }

Here is my getType method
public PropertyInfo getType(string searchFields)
    {
        var first = db.BloodStored.First();
        foreach (var item in first.GetType().GetProperties())
        {
            if(searchFields == item.Name)
            {
                return item;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

I have updated my code to reflect the working query encase it can help anyone else out.
Here is a link to the post that I found my answer from Dynamic query with LINQ won't work
Answer: you should use the Dynamic.cs library. you can find it here as well as examples. You can then create your where clauses dynamically.
dynamic.cs
Comment: +1 I was not aware of the Linq Dynamic Query library.
Comment: I can not for the life of me get the query to do what I want it to do. I'm not sure exactly how it works and it's limited examples don't know too much. I have enclosed my query above if you could help that would be greatly appreciated.
Comment: the where function is just like conditionals you should use "==" oh and you need to use the correct lambda syntax.
Comment: bloodSearch = bloodSearch.Where("x => x." + fieldName + " == " + searchString).OrderBy("x => x." + fieldName);
Comment: I'm getting the same issue as before but it seems to be searching only throught the column names and not the actual data. I'm getting a ParseError (No property or field 'Smith' exists in type 'BloodStoredModel') Smith is just one of the names in the database.
Comment: can you create a new string or stringbuilder and evaluate the string before adding it to the where clause and debug to capture what is coming back and post it?
Comment: Ok let me try that now.
Comment: Still the same issue. I have updated my code in the above post.
Comment: k when you debug can you get the actual string being used in the where with the actual values?
Comment: No I realized that the string was being taken as a type. So that "x => x.donorLastName == Smith" was being used when what I wanted was "x => x.donorLastName == 'Smith'" but in linq.dynamic you need to pass it as "x => x.donorLastName == @0","Smith"
Answer: you could build the expression yourself.
static Expression<Func<T, bool>> GetExpression<T>(string propertyName, string propertyValue)
{
    var parameterExp = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T), "type");
    var propertyExp = Expression.Property(parameterExp, propertyName);
    MethodInfo method = typeof(string).GetMethod("Contains", new[] { typeof(string) });
    var someValue = Expression.Constant(propertyValue, typeof(string));
    var containsMethodExp = Expression.Call(propertyExp, method, someValue);

    return Expression.Lambda<Func<T, bool>>(containsMethodExp, parameterExp);
}

stole this from a post by Marc Gravell.


Erro no push do Navcontroller

Question: esta dando erro no push =(( não estou conseguindo fazer a pagina home chamar a pagina Timeline

    import { Component , ViewChild } from '@angular/core';
    import { NavController} from '@ionic/angular';
    import { TimelinePage } from "../timeline/timeline";
    @Component({
      selector: 'app-home',
      templateUrl: 'home.page.html',
      styleUrls: ['home.page.scss'],
    })
    export class HomePage {

     @ViewChild('Usuario') email;
     @ViewChild('password') senha;

     constructor(public NavCtlr : NavController){ }

     entrar(){

       if(this.email.value == "fernando" && this.senha.value == "123"){
 this.NavCtlr.push(TimelinePage);

       }else{

       }
     }
    }

Comment: Edite a pergunta e coloque seu código; não o print da tela!
Comment: ok vou mudar ...
Comment: Seja bem vindo ao SOpt. Para uma melhoe resposta, tente se expressar melhor. Onde exatamente ocorre o erro, qual o tipo de erro e a descrição  dele? Adicione o máximo  de informações  no post.
Comment: no log esta escrito "property 'push' do not exist on type 'Navcontroller'
Answer: Você está utilizando a versão 4 do Ionic que não possui mais o método push. Para navegar entre páginas, você precisa usar o novo método chamado navigateForward. Seu uso seria assim:
// O 'timelinePage' precisa estar definido no seu app-routing.module.ts
this.NavCtlr.navigateForward('timelinePage');

Para saber mais sobre a nova navegação, recomendo esse artigo (em inglês), acesse aqui.

Erro no push do Navcontroller


isnull and column creation

Question: The following SQL appends a "Reported" column in to an existing table:
isnull(ftemp.[reported],1) as [Reported]

I have not created columns this way before and am a little confused about how to ensure it is an integer column. Where do I add the INT?  It defaults to string.
Answer: This is a computed column, and will take whatever the type of the expression is.
In this case I will quote from the docs for ISNULL:

Return Types
Returns the same type as check_expression. If a literal NULL is
provided as check_expression, returns the datatype of the
replacement_value. If a literal NULL is provided as check_expression
and no replacement_value is provided, returns an int.

So the result of ISNULL will always be the type of the first value.
Answer: It should not default to a string.  But if you want an integer, then cast the value:
cast(isnull(ftemp.[reported], 1) as int) as Reported

isnull and column creation


If a finite group $G$ is solvable, is $[G,G]$ nilpotent?

Question: If $G$ is a connected solvable Lie-group, then $[G,G]$ is nilpotent. The corresponding statement for Lie algebras follows from Lie's theorem, and it then follows from connected Lie groups by exponentiation.
Is the statement also true for finite groups? I can't find a counterexample, but I didn't try that hard.
Motivation: I'm prepping to teach a group theory and Galois theory course, so I'm brainstorming interesting questions about finite groups. Whenever I come up with one I can't answer, I plan to toss it up here or at MO.
Answer: The symmetric group $S_4$ is solvable, but $[S_4, S_4] = A_4$ is not nilpotent.
Comment: An interesting observation: finite and countable groups with discrete topology are exactly zero-dimensional Lie groups, but they are *not connected* and their Lie algebra is trivial 8)
Answer: A group is called supersolvable if it has a finite ascending series of normal subgroups such that each quotient group is cyclic. So all finitely generated nilpotent groups are supersolvable, but $S_3$ is supersolvable but not nilpotent; and all supersolvable groups are solvable, but $A_4$ and $S_4$ are solvable but not supersolvable.
It is true that $G$ supersolvable implies that $G'$ is nilpotent. The proof (in brief) is that, since cyclic groups have abelian automorphism groups, $G'$ centralizes all quotients in the normal series for $G$ with cyclic quotients, and hence the intersection of $G'$ with this series is a central series for $G'$.
Answer: As mentioned in another answer, this is unfortunately not true (another example is $GL_2(3)$ whose derived subgroup is $SL_2(3)$). One interesting thing to note is that if it was true, then this would give an easy proof of the conjecture that the Taketa inequality holds for all solvable groups.
Elaboration: The Taketa inequality is $\rm{dl}(G)\leq |\rm{cd}(G)|$ where $\rm{dl}(G)$ is the derived length of $G$ and $\rm{cd}(G) = \{\chi(1) | \chi\in \rm{Irr}(G)\}$ is the set of degrees of irreducible complex characters of $G$.
As mentioned, this inequality is conjectured to hold for all solvable groups, and the way it would follow if the derived subgroup was nilpotent is due to a theorem of Isaacs and Knutson, which states:
If $N$ is a normal nilpotent subgroup of $G$ then the derived length of $N$ is at most the number of degrees of irreducible complex characters of $G$ which do not have $N$ in their kernel.
Using the above theorem with $N = G'$ one immediately gets the conjecture.
Answer: I just want to throw in that there is actually a term for groups with nilpotent derived subgroups; they are called nilpotent-by-abelian.  An equivalent condition is that $G'\leqslant \text{Fit}(G)$, which isn't always true in a solvable group.
In particular all solvable groups with $\ell_F(G)>2$ are counterexamples, which is another easy way to see that the property does not hold for $S_4$ (which is a $2$-Frobenius group, and thus has Fitting length $3$).


Evaluating a survival model when focus in on "real time"

Question: Assume a pure prediction problem.
Say I want to evaluate a prediction-focused survival model in the context of actual dates instead of at a specific survival time or integration thereof.
What would be the correct way to approach this/which metrics would be the correct measures of calibration/discrimination in this case?
An Example:
Assume a survival model based on only right-censored data.
Time-since-entry is measured in months. I obtain $\hat{S_i}(t_i|X_i)$. Calculating this survival probability for each $i$ with respect to a specific date (e.g. january year X), makes it necessary to use different $t_i$ for each $i$ (for the population still at risk at this specific date). Of course, a little rounding bias gets introduced due to calculating survival times and then translating them back to real time.
1. How to calculate the (time-dependent) AUC and the Brier/Graf Score in this setting?
2. Specifically, does one even need weights of the censoring distribution for the brier score/AUC? (see e.g. here)
Answer: It makes the most sense to evaluate the model with respect its original time origin, with time = 0 as study entry date. If the model's performance differs depending on the calendar date of time = 0 for an individual, you probably haven't incorporated calendar date of entry appropriately into your model. Check that first, and fix if necessary instead.
The need for inverse probability of censoring weights depends on the nature of the data and the use of the model. Weighting can help with causal inference, as explained by Hernán and Robins in Causal Inference: What If. Weighting won't necessarily work as hoped, however, if assumptions aren't met. See for example Howe et al, Limitation of Inverse Probability-of-Censoring Weights in Estimating Survival in the Presence of Strong Selection Bias, Am J Epidemiol 173: 569-77, 2011.
Comment: Thanks for the answer! Let me clarify things a bit (will also edit for clarification above). The problem as stated above is a pure prediction problem. I am not interested at all in estimating effects of individual features in the face of confounding etc.

The weigthing question referred to the calculation of the time-dependent AUC/Graf-Score.

With repspect to your first paragraph: So youre suggesting to do:
for all calendar dates where a subject entered:
for all i: set t_i to the respective survival time for that calendar date: do AUC/Brier?
Comment: And then compare these scores for all calendar dates of entry? Including this into the model would then necessitate one-hot encoded indicators for all entry dates, right?
Comment: @RobG. define `time = 0` for survival as the calendar entry date and the survival times as times relative to that date. Include the actual `entry_date` (e.g., months since January 2000) as a _continuous_ predictor in the model. Model `entry_date` flexibly, for example with a regression spline. That will adjust for any calendar-date-related changes in survival behavior (as seen in clinical studies where therapy improves over time). Do your AUC/Brier evaluations on that model, in its own time scale.
Comment: @RobG. when you do a prediction for survival of an individual through a particular calendar date, enter the corresponding `entry_date` value as a covariate along with the other covariates in your model, and make a prediction for the number of months between that `entry_date` and the calendar date of interest.


How to append an element inside a ""

Question: I am trying to append an Icon to a button, the challenge that I am facing at the moment is that the icon retuns as a string (I see the code I wrote for the Icon).
I've tried changing qoutations marks, I've also tried putting the Icon tag inside a span and a div but it hasn't helped.
HTML code that displays the icon and carries the value the determines the icon
<button type="button" id="btnState" name="btnState" class="btn btn-primary btnState" value="<?php echo $pref; ?>"><?php echo "".$pref."";?></button>

The code the loops though the results and selects the icon that will be displayed
var status = document.getElementsByClassName('btnState');
    var i;
    for(i =0; i < status.length; i++){
       var j = status[i].value;
       if(j === 1){
           $(".spnDash").remove();
           //$("").appendTo(".btnState");
           status[i].append('');
       }

The Jquery code scans/checks for a value(1/0/-1) delivered from a server and then assigns an icon according to the value e.g. 1 = thumbs up, -1 = thumbs down, 0 = neutral.
Comment: Can you please post a working example of your code?
Comment: Looks like you're mixing jquery .append with javascript .append.    Try `$(status[i]).append("...");`
Comment: Be careful about mixing JavaScript and jQuery syntax, as it can lead to this kind of confusion. Better to choose one and stick to it
Answer: status is a DOM Collection object. You're trying to append a string to a object. Hence you're getting a string output.
You can use:
status[i].innerHTML+="";

Or, if you want to use append(), you have to create a DOM object and do as follows:
var obj = document.createElement("i");
obj.classList = "far fa-thumbs-up";
status[i].append(obj);

Answer: try using document.getElementById('btnState') and try not to use name attribute
Comment: There's a loop against `status.length` so there's clearly meant to be more than one button and getElementById will only get the first if the IDs are incorrectly not unique.
Comment: No worries - try again with another question :)
Comment: Feel free to still edit your answer when you think of another solution.

How to append an element inside a ""


Is there any convention about the form IDs?

Question: Is there a convention for the form IDs?
I see that core sometimes uses module_name.form_name and sometimes module_name_form_name.
In my case, I'm using module_name.form_name.
Comment: Can you name atleast one core module where the dot/period gets used?
Comment: @NoSssweat It seems I was tired when I started searching yesterday and I see now I saw yesterday ban.ip_manager (a name of a service) and I confused this with the form id, in this case the form id is ban_ip_form :-D
Comment: Would you need to put the dot/period in `hook_form_FORM_ID_alter()` ?
Comment: The dot looks odd. Rhyme.
Comment: The form id needs to be valid as part of a function name so that the hooks system can react correctly to it.
Answer: Drupal core doesn't use the dot in the form IDs because, as the documentation for FormInterface::getFormId() says, the form ID should be a unique string that can be a valid PHP function name, since it's used in hook implementation names such as hook_form_FORM_ID_alter().
The form IDs Drupal core uses follow the <module name>_<form name> schema, so you will find form IDs like the following.

user_admin_settings
action_admin_manage
layout_builder_add_block

As long as the form ID is unique, any scheme would work. The convention to prefix an ID with the module name (i.e. the module machine name) has been used from Drupal since many years.
Comment: Sometimes it's not that quick to find a function/method whose documentation helps in understanding how Drupal works. :)) I think this question will help new Drupal developers, as most of them would use a generic ID, not an ID that can also be used as part of a function/method name.
Comment: Thanks, it seems I had a problem reading the code yesterday :-D https://drupal.stackexchange.com/questions/288223/is-there-any-convention-about-the-form-ids/288225#comment359623_288223


Can $LL^T$ decomposition of a matrix be computed by the same algorithm as $LU$-one?

Question: I know that's the silly question. But if I perform $LU$ decomposition on a symmetric positive definite matrix, will this decomposition be the same one as $LL^T$ one?
Answer: No, not necessarily: given a symmetric matrix $A$, the $L$ of the $LL^{T}$ decomposition need not be the same as the $L$ in an $LU$ decomposition. (Of course, the $LL^{T}$ decomposition is a valid $LU$ decomposition).
Consider, for example, the case where $A$ is positive definite.
Then, the $LL^{T}$ (Choleskly) decomposition is unique.
On the contrary, the $LU$ decomposition is not unique: given an $LU$ factorization we can obtain an $L'U'$ factorization where $L'$ and $U'$ are lower and upper triangular, respectively, by appropriately rescaling the columns and rows of $L$ and $U$.


Is there a similarity between the i 6/4 chord and the V chord in a minor key?

Question: In a lot of jazz standards there is a common alteration of the i chord which uses a descending bass note down to the 5th of the chord and then it resolves back to the i. To give an example in Dm, it would be
Dm > Dm/Bb > Dm/A > Dm
This movement to my ears sounds like a VI > V > i cadence. Is this because of the V > i movement in the bass?
Comment: @musicamante `Dm/A` is jazz "slash" chord notation, it means `Dm` chord with `A` in the bass, like `Dm: i6/4`
Comment: @MichaelCurtis sorry, for some reason I misread the chords thinking in C minor
Answer:
Is there a similarity between the i 6/4 chord the V chord in a minor key?

Yes.
Using your example key Dm: i6/4 V both have the same bass tone: A. The view from the old figured bass point of view is the i6/4 chord is just a double appoggiatura over the bass on the dominant, the fifth scale degree. In other words it views it not as a bona fide chord but a contrapuntal embellishment. It's similar to how a suspension doesn't change the harmonic analysis of a chord...

...the first one is the suspension where the second chord would normally be labeled just V with no regard to the suspension figure first creating a "chord" of E A D which is really just a contrapuntal embellishment of the real chord E A C#.
The second progress is labeled in a similar way. The second "chord" of A D F is considered a double appoggiatura embellishment of the real chord A C# E. So, i6/4 isn't really a tonic chord, it is a dominant chord.
If you expand that as in a cadence...

...you could still take the view that the second "chord" of A D F is just a contrapuntal embellishment of a dominant chord.

Dm > Dm/Bb > Dm/A > Dm...This movement to my ears sounds like a VI > V > i cadence. Is this because of the V > i movement in the bass?

They are similar in the bass tone being the same. Given the point about i6/4 viewed as simply a type of dominant the bass becomes the strong harmonic factor. But I think many would consider the first example a kind of arpeggiating or walking bass, just outlining chord tones and fairly static. Certainly not equivalent to the second example with a proper dominant chord. I think it needs to be heard in context. If that Dm were placed in a larger sequence like A7 Dm7 Gm7 the the feeling that the Dm/A is a dominant seem much reduced.
Comment: It's really interesting how things can be perceived completely differently depending on the context!
Comment: wow, this is more than I could have hoped for, very helpful indeed


Area inside polar curve

Question: Find the area of the region inside
$r=7\sin\theta$ but outside $r=1$.
I have tried finding the area of both using $A=\frac{1}{2}\int_\alpha^\beta r^2 d\theta$, tried arc length...but I can't find the answer.
Comment: Arc length has nothing to do with area. Start by finding the intersection points of both curves.
Comment: I tried but i got it wrong, I got 74
Comment: You need to solve $7\sin \theta =1$. However, these will not be nice  angles and so you have to express them in terms of $\sin ^{-1}$.
Answer: Draw a picture, when possible! Don't try arc length, you're finding polar area. Your first integral is the one to use!
Our functions are $r_1=7\sin(\theta)$ and $r_2=1$ (why I number them will be clear I hope later)
So we see we should be integrating from where $7\sin(\theta)=1$ to $\pi/2$ ($\alpha$ and $\beta$, respectively) and then by symmetry we just multiply our integral's result by 2. State this last part and remember to do it!
So we should have an integral like $\int_{\alpha}^{\beta} (outside - inside) d\theta$, better said $\int_{\alpha}^{\beta} r_1^2 - r_2^2 d\theta$
I've left actually writing out the integral (do that!), finding the limits, and doing the calculation. Hopefully there is enough help here, though.
Comment: is it around 74?
Comment: There are two solutions.
Comment: Could you show us what your alpha and beta are? (i mean, your limits of integration) -- be careful with trig equations, as @OliverJones suggested!
Comment: alpha is sin^-1(1/7) or about .143347. Beta is pi/2
Comment: Ok, and when you type that into your calculator/computer did you make sure to type it:

int( (7sin(x))^2 - (1)^2,x,.143347,pi/2) or something similar? Check your parentheses.
Comment: I got 5.4909 from that
Comment: Hmm. You're mistyping or have your calculator/computer in degree mode. (Oh, note: I didn't put the 1/2 in front, cause you're multiplying by 2 --- symmetry!)
Comment: Rechecking, now I got 38.43659. radian mode by the way
Comment: I get 37ish on my computer, but that's likely due to roundoff error it seems. Double check after you've left the problem for a bit. Congrats on working hard through it!!
Answer: \begin{align*}
  A &= \frac{1}{2}
       \int_{\sin^{-1} \frac{1}{7}}^{\pi-\sin^{-1} \frac{1}{7}}
       (r^{2}-1) \, d\theta \\
    &= \frac{1}{2} \int_{\sin^{-1} \frac{1}{7}}^{\pi-\sin^{-1} \frac{1}{7}}
       (49\sin^{2}-1) \, d\theta \\
    &= \frac{1}{2} \int_{\sin^{-1} \frac{1}{7}}^{\pi-\sin^{-1} \frac{1}{7}}
       \left[ 49\left( \frac{1-\cos 2\theta}{2} \right)-1 \right] \, d\theta \\
    &= \left[
         \frac{47}{4}\theta-\frac{49}{8} \sin 2\theta
       \right]_{\sin^{-1} \frac{1}{7}}^{\pi-\sin^{-1} \frac{1}{7}} \\
    &= \frac{47\pi}{4}-\frac{47\pi}{2}\sin^{-1} \frac{1}{7}+
       \frac{49}{4} \sin \left( 2\sin^{-1} \frac{1}{7} \right) \\
    &= \frac{47\pi}{4}-\frac{47\pi}{2}\sin^{-1} \frac{1}{7}+
       \frac{49}{2} \times \frac{1}{7} \times \sqrt{\frac{48}{49}} \\
    &= 2\sqrt{3}+\frac{47\pi}{2}-\frac{47}{2}\sin^{-1} \frac{1}{7} \\
    &= 2\sqrt{3}+\frac{47}{2}\cos^{-1} \frac{1}{7}
\end{align*}

Area inside polar curve


Confused. What type of ANOVA to use?

Question: A Food Technology student ask me to determine if there is a significant difference between the formulations in his product, denoted by Lot A, Lot B, and Lot C.
I read about ANOVA and decided to use ANOVA Single Factor, BUT, I read previous BS thesis and found out that they all use ANOVA Two-way Factor. Now I got confused whether I will use single factor or two-way.
Sample data:
panelist   lotA    lotB    lotC
1   6   7   8
2   8   9   7
3   8   8   7
4   8   8   7
5   7   8   6
6   8   7   7
7   7   9   8
8   8   8   7
9   8   9   7
10  7   9   6
11  8   9   7
12  7   8   9
13  9   7   8
14  7   9   5
15  8   9   7
Edit (10142016): He wanted to know which product is better (if there is a significant difference) based on the ratings of 15 panelists for each products. By the ways, it is only a product with different formulations: Lot A has a 25% extract of x, Lot B has 50%,whereas Lot has 75%.
I will be using R in my analysis.
Comment: Does this mean 15 people each rated all three products? Some more detail might help.
Comment: @mdewey Yes, 15 panelist rated each three products.
Comment: @Jon Sorry to mention but he said that ANOVA must be used because it is the commonly used method in their school. I don't know why but he said it is better to"stick to the rules".
Comment: Are we simply wanting to compare lotA, lotB and lotC to each other? If so, why not use a pairwise wilcoxon test?
Comment: @Jon why would it make sense to make three pairwise comparisons when a single omnibus test for differences can be performed?
Comment: In case they wanted to compare the three populations simultaneously. The author of the question didn't give much context, so I provided a conservative answer.
Answer: I'm pretty rusty when it comes to Design of Experiments jazz, but sounds like you want to use a balanced ANOVA with repeated measures. Not sure what software you're using to perform the analysis, but I'll link you to some R/SAS material.
ANOVA Repeated Measures (for SAS but applies to R as well):

When to Use Repeated Measures ANOVA
As with any ANOVA, repeated measures ANOVA tests the equality of means. However, repeated measures ANOVA is used when all members of a random sample are measured under a number of different conditions. As the sample is exposed to each condition in turn, the measurement of the dependent variable is repeated. Using a standard ANOVA in this case is not appropriate because it fails to model the correlation between the repeated measures: the data violate the ANOVA assumption of independence. Keep in mind that some ANOVA designs combine repeated measures factors and nonrepeated factors. If any repeated factor is present, then repeated measures ANOVA should be used.

http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/sas/library/repeated_ut.htm
Here is an example using R:
https://ww2.coastal.edu/kingw/statistics/R-tutorials/repeated.html
Best of luck!
Comment: I edited my post. I will be using R. I am just confuse why they are using two-way since there is only one variable, the product, correct me if I am wrong.

Confused. What type of ANOVA to use?


How to launch a Rule when X nodes were created in X days time?

Question: I'm currently awarding medals to the users on my website by using the Goals and Rules modules: a medal awarding Rule fires when a Goal is completed. However, I'd like to get rid of the Goals module, because it is no longer maintained at the time of writing and it doesn't fully provide the functionalities that I need.
The Goals module has a nice feature, though: it is possible to record tasks that were completed within a certain period. I would like to keep this functionality, because some of my medals are granted to users who created X nodes in X days time.
Therefore, I had the idea to add a condition to my medal awarding Rules that checks whether the user created, say, 5 nodes in 10 days time. Is it possible to do this?
Comment: To whom it may concern: the "***... it is no longer maintained...***" part of this question is no longer valid as of yesterday, when I became the new maintainer of the **[Goals](https://www.drupal.org/project/goals)** module. For more details, refer to https://www.drupal.org/node/2701961 . @Jeroen: maybe you want to update that part of your question, and change it to something like "for a while it was no longer maintained"?
Comment: Merci! ... For the updated question ... and the kudos!
Comment: @Pierre.Vriens: Nice to let everyone know you're blowing new life into the Goals project! I've rephrased my sentence into "at the time of writing".
Answer: I don't think rules by itself has the capability to do that - unless you get very deeply embedded into components, and by then it's almost the same as programming.
You probably need to write a custom module with a cron hook that checks how many nodes were created in the last 10 days. Do you want to know how many nodes were created at all, or just by a particular user? Either way that seems the best way to do it.
Answer: I've written the following function in my custom module in order to count the amount of published nodes of a certain user in the last period:
function MYMODULE_count_nodes($uid, $days) {
  $seconds = $days*24*60*60;
  $period = REQUEST_TIME - $seconds;
  $count = db_query("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM node WHERE uid=$uid AND status=1 AND created >= $periode")->fetchField();
  return $count;
}

Afterwards, I've created a Rule where the condition evaluates this code:
$count= MYMODULE_count_nodes($uid, 10);
return $count == 5;

Mind that the variable $uid isn't always provided directly in the Rule. In my case I used $uid = $flagged_node->uid;


ANOVA shows no significant interaction effect, but Tukey's Test shows significant differences between groups?

Question: I am a PhD student but I am having a hard time understanding certain aspects of statistics.
I just ran an ANOVA and I got no significant interaction effect between Density (0 and 20) and Species (species A and species B).
However, Tukey's test shows that there is a significant difference between these variables. Species A at a density of 0 is significantly larger than the other combinations. Is this relevant given that ANOVA has already established that there is no significant interaction effect between Species and Density? Why would there be significant differences in Tukeys if ANOVA says there is no interaction effect in the first place?
Comment: Just because you don't see the need for it doesn't mean that there's no reason to ask for it; there's several reasons why it might help @Peter formulate an answer. What you should do is put the information into your question, and if layout is important, indent the entire thing by 4 spaces (by clicking the $\{\}$ button with the entire section of output selected).
Comment: Welcome to the site. I think you have a few things confused. Please show your code and a summary of the output.
Comment: What code? I just need a general response.
Comment: I want to see what difference you looked at with Tukey's
Comment: I don't know how to copy and paste from JMP onto this.

I am getting:
                         Least Sq Mean
Species A, Density 0       1.230         A
Species B, Density 0       1.384         B
Species A, Density 20      2.401         C
Species B, Density 20      2.394         C

Rows connected by the same letter are not significantly different.
Comment: The format of my text is confusing above.

Argh, forget it. I don't see why you need my specific data to answer my question. Thanks anyway though.
Comment: And the more crass response: You're asking for free help. Do what you're asked or don't get your free help. EDIT: unfortunately, you still got free help. :/
Answer: OK, just to confirm, I'm assuming the means you are comparing are:
(A,0) : 1.230
(B,0) : 1.384
(A,20): 2.401
(B,20): 2.394
The lines connecting the means are "practically" parallel (due to small sample size?), so no interaction effect between species( levels(A,B)) and density(levels(0,20)). But Tukey will probably show you differences between the means for (A,0) and (B,20), correct ? Or even between (A,0) and (B,0) ? Nothing unexpected.
The conclusions of no significant interaction could be two : 1) that instead of the full factorial model with interactions you need to reduce it to main effects model (do not use more complex model when it gives no gain, i.e. is "no different" from  simpler model, or does not give any explanation of the sources of variability for the underlying process which generates the data) 2) you do not have enough data to say if there is interaction or not.
Comment: Out of curiosity, why two answers, rather than editing one answer?
Answer: It seems to me that you need to start with understanding the difference between main effects and interaction effects (actually, to meditate on the latter, or find someone who will explain the idea of interaction effects to you very well).
Interaction effect is present when changes in the response for different levels of one factor are not linearly moving along the other factor, i.e. higher density for species A gives effect of some size but higher density for species B gives effect of significantly different size, or even reverses the direction of the effect (e.g. mean response decreases instead of increasing), the two factors are then "interacting" with each other, or are not acting "independently" in the linear model.
The result you quote is possible. Is Tukey test showing siginifcant differences in the cells of the desing on the "extreme" (opposite) ends ? What does the interaction plot look like (no picture necessary, just quote the values of the means of the response variable in the cells of your design) ?
What values have you got in the ANOVA table and what are the results of Tukey's HSD?
Comment: And this illustrates why I asked for code; rather than needing to *ask* what the Tukey test is doing, I would know. Rather than asking about the interaction plot, I would know (or have a good guess). Nothing against @jgstat, just illustrating my point.
Comment: +1 @PeterFlom precisely... (but it's @jgstat)
Answer: It isn't that the other answers are incorrect, per se, it is just that I think a more clear pedagogically oriented answer can be provided.
There are two commonly used Tukey's test in this type of situation.  Tukey's HSD and Tukey's LSD.  The LSD is less conservative than the HSD, similar to a full combinations of t-tests being performed in parallel.  As you might imagine based on this description the LSD does not control for familywise error rate; the HSD does.  So a lot hinges on which Tukey's test you are using.  If you are using LSD, current tradition dictates you probably shouldn't be.  If you are using HSD, we can keep going down this road.
In regards to your first question: "Is this relevant given that ANOVA has already established that there is no significant interaction effect between Species and Density?"...
Most 'ANOVA tradition' dictates that you not use either post-hoc unless a statistically significant effect has been found.  An exception to this 'rule' is that tradition allows that if you had a good reason to compare groups at the outset before you looked at your data, you could simply do a t-test between those groups without controlling for familywise error rate.  Also, if there was a good reason to compare one to many, there is a post hoc specifically for that approach (the name escapes me at the moment).
However, there is no denying that eyeballing your data you are seeing that the DV for Species A at a density of 0 is noticeably larger than the other combinations.  So, you should mediate on this a little further.  Do the DV means look different enough to you to be remarkable?  What if you consider the degree of error in your measurements (e.g. (don't quote me I'm talking off the cuff) but, I think that sqrt MSE will give you an idea of what the ANOVA shrunken error)?  Regardless, traditional approaches to ANOVA will not let you make any claims about this cell of the design versus the others or declare that they are significant; nevertheless, some fields are okay with you speculating based on non-significant effects.  Your advisor, peers, and previous journal articles will give you an idea of how much rope you have in making your claims and observations.
For my part, I believe that now that you've looked at the data and are making decisions about how to proceed that you are on shaky ground in terms of having p-values that are directly meaningful.  Ideally, you'd run the study again, this time with an a priori intent to check Species A at Density 0 against the other cells of your design.  An alternative approach would be to use less familiar statistical methods that don't require you to plan your analyses ahead of time (e.g. Bayesian).  But those beliefs of mine are a matter of opinion, so allow me to drift back to the facts.
Let's go on to your second question: "Why would there be significant differences in Tukeys if ANOVA says there is no interaction effect in the first place?"
This is one that even some seasoned scientists don't understand.  Here is my shot at an explanation... the observed deviance between two cells that are maximally different relative to the grand mean will be on average higher than the observed deviance for four cells, three of which are very similar, relative to the grand mean.  In short, the more cells you have that are similar in an interaction, the less likely you are to observe an statistically interaction even if a few cells /do/ reflect an interaction.  I suspect your primary problem is that you used Tukey's LSD.  Otherwise, the problem may be as jgstat suggested
This is unlikely to be your primary problem here because you have a pretty simple 2x2 design.  I think your problem is probably that you used Tukey's LSD and so the differences between two cells happened to pop-out but that by-and-large the cells are mostly similar.
Comment: Several approaches to do what I suggested is presented on pg 198: Type of Contrasts in Maxwell & Delaney, 2nd Edition (2004).  The most familiar of these (to me at least) is the Scheffe post-hoc... but I have to admit that I haven't seriously thought about Scheffe in a /very/ long time and so I do not have the ability at the moment to evaluate M&D's claims regarding its utility in exactly this situation (e.g. when the desire to test a particular hypothesis is a result of having observed the data).
Comment: What I was actually thinking of was probably Dunnett's T3 (not D3).  Hsu 1996 also looks tenable.  I think it might be time for me to get a newer version of this book or better.
Comment: @NickStauner:  Sorry Nick, I lost my response to you.  In short I don't think that approach addresses the issue.  First, the comparison of interest is not against the grand mean.  Second, there is no familywise protection in standard regression and the ANOVA tradition tends to demand such protection.
Comment: Wouldn't effect coding in multiple regression give you the one-vs.-many result of that elusive post hoc you were thinking of? The $t$-test of an effect code coefficient is of that group's mean vs. the grand mean (cf. [UCLA Statistical Consulting Group](http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/mult_pkg/faq/general/effect.htm)).
Comment: I had a feeling my idea wasn't quite right (probably should've admitted this up-front). Good points; thanks!


how do i dynamically shift the positions of two horizontal divs with jquery animation

Question: Here is the fiddle of what i got from one tutorial website -
<code>http://jsfiddle.net/3U8DP/
</code>
what i am trying to acheive is that the container I have the article in should be at the beginning of the frame, and as soon as you hover over the button provided in the top-left corner in the fiddle, the article contenct should slide towards right to make room for the sidebar, that is the sidebar should slide in from left pushing the article contents. Now i tried using the
<code>$('#hs-menu').hide();
        $('#dummy').hover(function (){
            $('#hs-menu').show(500);
        });
        $('#hs-container').click(function(){$('#hs-menu').hide(500);});
</code>
but wasnt able to achieve what i aimed. But got only that it still leaves space when i not visible, so how do i fix this please help
Answer: If i'm not mistaken, what you're aiming for is this:
<code>$('#dummy').hover(function (){
  $('#hs-menu').show(500);
  $('#gn-menu').animate({
    left: '200px'
  }, 500);
});
</code>
and also set your navigation menu's "top" to 0px
<code>.hs-menu{top: 0;}
</code>
http://jsfiddle.net/VMgG2/


how to trigger an event on change in the text editor

Question: I am working on an application using c++ and Qtcreator. I want to trigger an event whenever text change in the text editor. There can be a change in font size or font-weight
Answer: You do that by using signal-slot system. Provided that you're using QTextEdit,  it would be something along lines:
connect(textEdit, &QTextEdit::currentCharFormatChanged,
        this, &TextEdit::currentCharFormatChanged);
connect(textEdit, &QTextEdit::cursorPositionChanged,
        this, &TextEdit::cursorPositionChanged);

connect(textEdit->document(), &QTextDocument::modificationChanged,
        actionSave, &QAction::setEnabled);
connect(textEdit->document(), &QTextDocument::modificationChanged,
        this, &QWidget::setWindowModified);

Actually, Qt offers an example of application in examples/widgets/richtext/textedit


FATAL ERROR in JNI code - presumably in JDIC library

Question: I am using a Java coded desktop application to track my time on projects.
I used it until the IT did a new setup on my station. And now I cannot launch this application.
I got a log file when I launch it saying:
#
# A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment:
#
#  EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION (0xc0000005) at pc=0x6d8fd8f5, pid=616, tid=4072
#
# JRE version: 6.0_15-b03
# Java VM: Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (14.1-b02 mixed mode, sharing windows-x86 )
# Problematic frame:
# V  [jvm.dll+0xfd8f5]
#
# If you would like to submit a bug report, please visit:
#   http://java.sun.com/webapps/bugreport/crash.jsp
#

After googling some time, I went then on the Troubleshooting guide made by Sun and launch again the application with the -Xcheck:jni argument this time. The result is that I got this new error:
FATAL ERROR in native method: Wrong object class or methodID passed to JNI call
        at org.jdesktop.jdic.tray.internal.impl.DisplayThread.initTray(Native Method)
        at org.jdesktop.jdic.tray.internal.impl.DisplayThread.run(Unknown Source)
        - locked <0x2801e4e0> (a java.lang.Class for org.jdesktop.jdic.tray.internal.impl.DisplayThread)

I tried to download the last version of JDIC but even launching their own samples get me the same error. I guess that the issue is with the locked in the error message but I don't know where to go from now...
Could you help me?
My box:

Windows XP SP3
Java 6 (1.6.0_15)

UPDATE
It is now fixed unfortunately I can't tell how. Since yesterday the only thing I can tell is that I restarted at least once beside that I don't have installed a new java setup or anything else... Sorry if anybody is facing the same issue.
Answer: Ah the joys of JNI!
I think it is saying that the API of the native code library your application is trying to use is not compatible with the Java side.  My guess is that the changes that the IT guys made included changing the library / DLL / whatever that the Java app is trying to use.
Comment: I've had similar problems with JDIC in so far that we now call it JD!ck. We used to use it for opening up CSV files in Excel however on some machines it would always hotspot. To fix this we reverted back to using Runtime.exec("cmd /c prog.exe"). However it looks like you want to play with the tray icon so this won't help.
Comment: The IT did a new setup but the library used by the application is still the same as before. The IT did not change it.
Answer: See if you can call functions that don't take arguments without problems, compared to ones that do.
You may find that the interface no longer matches the library. If you are using SWIG to generate the interface files for example, different versions of SWIG generate different numbers of arguments.
Unfortunately mismatching the java interface code and the library code does not generate an error, it just crashes.


mikroc pic16f877A timer code not working

Question: i wrote a code in mikroc for pic16f877A in which i have used a timer0 and timer1.
i debug my code and found that timer0 is not working but i am not able to understand the reason behind it. I even checked datasheet for the OPTION_REG
but couldn't figure out the problem plz help.
i am new to pic programming.
I just uploaded the function in which timer0 and timer1 is setup.
UART is used to check whether each line is getting executed and i found after printing the value of TMR1H it stops .
     int feedback()
     {
     sh = 0;
     UART1_WRITE_TEXT("inside feedback");
     UART1_Write(13); // newline

     TMR0=193;
     Uart1_Intout_ReturnInt(TMR0);
     UART1_Write(13); // newline

     INTCON=0xA0;
     Uart1_Intout_ReturnInt(INTCON);
     UART1_Write(13); // newline

     TMR1L=0;
     Uart1_Intout_ReturnInt(TMR1L);
     UART1_Write(13); // newline

     TMR1H=0;
     Uart1_Intout_ReturnInt(TMR1H);
     UART1_Write(13); // newline

     OPTION_REG.PSA=0;
     OPTION_REG.PS2=0;
     OPTION_REG.PS1=1;
     OPTION_REG.PS0=0;
     OPTION_REG.T0SE=0;
     OPTION_REG.T0CS=0;
     UART1_WRITE_TEXT("timer0 start");
     UART1_Write(13); // newline

     T1CON=0x07;
     UART1_WRITE_TEXT("timer1 start");
     UART1_Write(13); // newline

     sh=1;
     Uart1_Intout_ReturnInt(sh);
     UART1_Write(13); // newline

    while(sh==1){
    Uart1_Intout_ReturnInt(sh);
    UART1_Write(13); // newline

    UART1_WRITE_TEXT("inside while loop");
    }

    UART1_WRITE_TEXT("outside while loop");

    TMR1H=TMR1H*1000;
    sh=TMR1H+TMR1L;
    actualOut=(60*2*sh)/8;
    Uart1_Intout_ReturnInt(actualOut);
    UART1_Write(13); // newline

    return actualOut;
   }
   void interrupt(){

   T1CON=0x00;
   sh=0;

   }

Answer: You're enabling the TMR0 interrupt in the line INTCON=0xA0; but I don't see an interrupt service routine for it. The interrupt is probably triggering after the lines that do work and then is remains asserted because the TMR0IF interrupt flag (INTCON bit 2) is not being cleared.


Create a user via the Installation profile

Question: I am using Installation Profiles to automate the process of installing Drupal 7 websites
I would like to create a user via the installation profile and assign it a username, password and email address, plus give it a role (This will be a special administrative user that I want every website to have).
How can I do this?
This is the closest tutorial I can find. However, it requires you to set a username/password and email address manually. I would like to store a default values for all these fields.
Answer: If you still want a configuration form, then you can build upon the "Client step" and change the function brochure_client_form_submit($form, &$form_state) so that it suits your needs (all code is untested):
function brochure_client_form_submit($form, &$form_state) {

  // Setup the user account array to programatically create a new user.
  $account = array(
    'name' => YOUR_NAME,
    'pass' => YOUR_PASS,
    'mail' => YOUR_MAIL,
    'status' => 1,
    'init' => 'install profile', // Just an example
  );
  $account = user_save(null, $account);
}

If you don't need a separate configuration form during install, you can define a "formless" task like this:
/**
 * Implements hook_install_tasks().
 */
function mymodule_install_tasks() {
  $tasks['mymodule_setup_admin_account'] = array(
    'display_name' => st('Setup admin account'),
  );
  return $tasks;
}

function mymodule_setup_admin_account() {
  // Setup the user account array to programatically create a new user.
  $account = array(
    'name' => YOUR_NAME,
    'pass' => YOUR_PASS,
    'mail' => YOUR_MAIL,
    'status' => 1,
    'init' => 'install profile', // Just an example
  );
  $account = user_save(null, $account);
}

You still have to create the role and add it to the created user. If you have created the role prior to the user creation, then you can also pass it directly to user_save:
$account = array(
  'name' => YOUR_NAME,
  'pass' => YOUR_PASS,
  'mail' => YOUR_MAIL,
  'status' => 1,
  'init' => 'install profile', // Just an example
  'roles' => array(
    ROLE_ID => ROLE_ID,
  ),
);
$account = user_save(null, $account);

More on install profiles: How to Write a Drupal 7 Installation Profile
Comment: Thanks! Where does the formless task code go? In .install or .profile?
Comment: @big_smile In the .profile.
Comment: Thanks, I tried this but get this error during install `SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1366 Incorrect integer value: 'ROLE_ID' for column 'rid' at row 1`
Comment: @big_smile You have to replace `ROLE_ID` with the internal role id of the role that you want to give to the user. See this thread for an example: https://drupal.org/node/312919