Layer comps in Illustrator

Question: I've searched for this, but I suppose it's not very common. I am web design enthusiast and I want to make different states for buttons and etc. Personally I don't like to do web design in Photoshop. Is there such an equivalent in illustrator?
Comment: I've edited your question because it  contained two very different questions. If you still want to ask the second one, please add it as a new question. Thanks.
Comment: I use new window, float all in windows, tile. Then I can hide and show layers in each window separatelly.
Answer: There's nothing to stop you from designing buttons manually in Illustrator, but there is no button functionality in illustrator for adding different button states to a single button.
I suppose you could put different states on different layers, group them into a Button, and enable or disable the layers as required. Although entirely possible, Illustrator would be somewhat cumbersome for this.
For example
Answer: Using Illustrator's variable data can accomplish rendering of view states through the usage of he Visibility variable. Using the VariableImporter script can help with consolidation of work regarding this, but the premise is to assign a name to all of your objects and in the spreadsheet every record would contain each of those names and would stand for one view-state. So from your most elaborate view to the most simple, each of the items will need to have a true/false value in each cell for every view state. Now you can use the Variables palette to switch between view states. This feature also enables you to batch export your datasets, meaning that you can render your different view states to all kinds of picture file formats - even SVG - which could be useful in some mockup kinds of workflows. Also thankfully the VI script lets you put in a character vs no character for the true/false. You will simply need to put an "X" into cells which you want visible and nothing for the opposite effect.
Additionally, Illustrator has a layer-comp-like feature called "Views". It records layer visibility and the x/y position of the document view. You could probably take some advantage of this archaic feature, but I doubt it. For one, there's no cycling of views, and one has to reach all the way into Views menu item to pick the saved view. They do provide a shortcut key customization for a user to handily pick from one of the first 10 views only. And as with other super-old features from its heyday, the updating of views is much like the updating of print presets of workspaces in older software: you can't 'redefine' but you have to either overwrite existing items by choosing the exact same name (if you can remember it) or even so far as to having to delete the existing item of the same name first. With views, it's the worse case as the input for view naming does not support overwriting and disallows usage of an existing name.
Comment: but you could script this then you could have these features. Its not even all that involved.
Comment: Good idea, too bad all those Craft/Sketch extensions or applications already got the market in this area.
Comment: Thank you for the extensive answer! Isn't this VeriableImporter script more useful if you were to do bigger projects with lots of variables ? It seems to me that its not created for simpler projects that need to make variables just for few buttons and hovers.
Comment: Yes and maybe: what it does is take a spreadsheet format and thus help separate your data from the art. However in the end it is all about minimizing your clicks. If your button states and art amount takes less clicks to set up via native variables palette than creating a csv and using the VI dialog , then you can just use the native palette. Make sure to add a Visibility variable to your items, hide/show things and capture a new dataset. Unlike views and things, you can update a dataset via the native palette.

Layer comps in Illustrator


How is the speed of a helicopter controlled?

Question: How is the speed of a helicopter controlled? Does the pitch of the blade vary for speed while rotor blade moves at a constant speed as with turboprops? Or is there a throttle mechanism for varying the rotational speed of the rotor for forward airspeed?
Comment: You may want to remove your final question as it is not related to the main question. Keep your questions focused on a single topic at a time.
Comment: I was referring to the fuel usage question, but that was already removed by kevin. The question whether there is a throttle mechanism is completely fine (and is answered in my edited response: there is a manual throttle or an automatic governor)
Answer: There are many fine articles existing that discuss how the throttle is used to input power into the rotor disc system to lift the helicopter, and how the rotor disc system is tilted to change the direction the helicopter flies. Putting more tilt into the forward direction makes the helicopter fly faster in that direction.
Optimum cruise speed is discussed in this paper, where knots of airspeed vs fuel needed is derived/plotted.  I wouldn't consider fuel wasted if one wanted to go faster, any more than driving 75 mph vs 55 mph on the highway is wasting fuel.  You just get to your destination faster. "Time is Money", yes? So what is worth more - an extra gallon or two of fuel/hour, maybe outrunning a storm in the process, or climbing above turbulent air, vs your time being spent travelling and doing productive work (or vacationing) at your destination?
http://www.eaa1000.av.org/technicl/perfspds/perfspds.htm
Answer: A helicopter in principle has a constant speed rotor. In fact, the allowed RPM range is very narrow, somewhere between 90-110% nominal RPM. This RPM range is achieved either by a manual throttle or a governor. The blade pitch is directly controlled by the collective.
If a helicopter rotor were perpendicular to the forward speed, you would indeed need to keep increasing the blade pitch (with the collective). However, in a helicopter, the rotor is nearly aligned to the airflow. The vertical 'chunk' of air the rotor takes therefore does not increase that much with increasing speed. At the same time, due to the forward speed the helicopter gains translational lift, which would actually decrease the blade pitch required.
Comment: It should be noted however that while in aircraft pilot sets power and desired rpm and the governor sets corresponding blade pitch, in helicopters pilot always sets the blade pitch directly and then either pilot or governor adjusts engine power to keep the rpm within the desired range. So it is constant-speed, but the method of control is very different.


What's the formula for gold drop?

Question: I was wondering if there's a given gold drop rate formula based on the rarity/hp/level of monsters and if anyone might happen to know what it is.
Comment: This would be interesting to know, as I find it strange that you can still get get 1 gold drops in end of Normal/start Nightmare. So it doesn't seem to be linear.
Answer: I can't say I know a particular formula, and I'm sure that an official source would never divulge it, but from what I am noticing it seems that the "gold ceiling" continues to get higher as you progress in difficulty.
For example, in Act I - Normal difficulty you may never see a gold drop higher than 60 gold or so, and they can be as low as 1 gold.
In Act I - Nightmare difficulty, I have seen gold drops as high as 300 gold in just the first half of the act, but have also still seen gold drops in the single digits.
My theory, is that the range expands to include higher potential values, but it is random anywhere within that range, meaning you can still get 1 gold drops later on but you could just as easily get 1000 gold drops.
Comment: By Act III Hell, even with 5 stacks of Nephalem Valor, I rarely saw piles greater than 600 gold. The higher stacks were more common; however. I also rarely saw stacks less than 50.
Comment: In Inferno without any stacks of NV I've gotten single piles up to 1.8k from destroying random objects. I've wondered if more people in a game increase the ceiling, although I haven't encountered any evidence suggesting so.
Comment: Basically all we know for sure is that the gold ceiling increases with difficulty, everything else is uncertain.

What's the formula for gold drop?


Modify date in email header using script with mailx

Question: I am trying to modify a script which grabs data from a database and puts it into the message of an email which is then sent out using mailx. What I need to do is grab the date which is in the first line of the message body and use that as the date in the header. These emails get ingested by another system and the only way to search these emails properly by date is to include the date from the body as the header date. We sometimes run into an issue where the script does not run and we manually re run the emails. As a result, they get stamped with the current date/time rather than when the data was originally created. I know how to put the date in the message body and/or the subject, but I really need to just modify the header date.
Comment: "grab the date from the first line" or "modify the header date"? In your description it's unclear how your data is actually available for processing. Is your data in a file and you want to extract the significant date from the first line in the file (`sed "1q"`) or do you want to replace the date in the first line in the file by the actual date (`sed "1s/.*/$(date)/"`)?
Comment: The data is being pulled from a mySql database and is a series of instant messages that get aggregated by conversation into the message body. The first line in that body of text contains the date and time the conversation started. So assuming I can pull that value into a variable, I'm hoping I can use that variable to modify the header information for the email date.
Answer: If you stored the extracted database data in a file before you send it per mail you can use something along
<code>mailx -s "$( sed 1q yourfile )" user@domain < yourfile
</code>
Comment: Not sure I follow. this looks like you are pulling the value from my file and putting it in the subject as it follows '-s'. I need to modify the time the email is sent which I understand to be a header value. I was wondering if I needed to use '-S' and then define the variable to change and the value to assign it.
Comment: To be clear, let's say I have an email I am sending out today. I want to be able to state that it was actually sent on 1/1/99. Let's assume I have the value 1/1/99 stored somewhere. I just want to focus on getting that value into the email header so the recipient sees the email as being sent on 1/1/99. I'm not worried about how to grab the value to use.
Comment: Oh, you want to "trick" the email timestamp? You'd then have to edit the raw mail, set in the header block the `Date: ...` field, and send the resulting file. (In former days ISTR that you could send raw mails with the `mail` program (as opposed to `mailx`) but now my man page seems to suggest that `mail` and `mailx` are equivalent programs.) Beyond those hints I cannot help further, I fear.
Comment: Thanks, yes that's why I am trying to do. Thanks for trying. I'll keep searching. I gather I could form the header info along with the body details and send that out, but I'm not that savvy to understand how to send the raw file as the entire email.
Comment: The old `mail` program had to be fed with the whole raw mail like you feed the `mailx` with the mail body, from stdin. Just keep a blank line between mail header and body. One more idea that came to my mind; this may sound strange in the first moment but you can use `telnet` to send raw mails. For details search for keywords "telnet send mail", or here's a link for the start: http://www.spamsoap.com/how-to-manually-send-an-email-message-via-telnet-to-port-25/


How to use variables in linux regex pattern?

Question: I need to execute a sed command with pattern /^03.06.2014/ in a .sh script & command line. The date is a variable not a constant. How could i implement this? When I use a variable inside a regex pattern, the command breaks. Do I need to escape something here? Any help is appreciated. Thanks!
date=$(date +%m.%d.%Y)
sed -n '/^$date/,$p' filename

Answer: Use double quotes for variable expansion in sed
sed -n "/^$date/,\$p" filename

Comment: The `$p` is not a variable, it's EOF (`$`) and a command (`p`), so the `$` needs to be escaped.
Answer: You need to use double quotes to allow for shell expansion. You'll need to escape the $ meaning EOF.
sed -n "/^$date/,\$p" filename


Is it common practice to use separate identical images of different resolutions for different screen sizes?

Question: From a design perspective is it more common to use different size images for say desktop and mobile or is it more common to use the same image for each and display them in different size using css or otherwise.
What are the pros and cons of each approach?
Comment: Hi C_B, this question is best asked on Stack Overflow. you'll get super informed, relevant and current answers on best implementation practices there.
Comment: I'll have to disagree with comments, but this looks like a real UX question. OP isn't asking about how to implement this, but the pros and cons from an UX perspective. And visual quality and performance time are common UX heuristics factors
Comment: This hasn't any aspect related to design or UX. Using different size images helps only performance. If it is not necessary to have an image in a high resolution, it is better to not load it on mobile.
Comment: Could a mod move this to SO?
Answer: The first approach is the best for the user experience as it saves energy, time and sometimes money.
Also its a common practice.
Energy consumption: The overall energy needed to download, process, and finally display an image is less. For small processing units (like telephones) this is very important.
Waste of time: The time a user needs to spend to see an image is less. Sometimes is impossible to see an image if its not pre-processed according to the first approach.
Monetary cost: In several cases the telecommunication providers charge by the amount of transferred data. The spendings on energy bills are less.
Further readings:
Designing for Sustainability
Data Traffic Costs and Mobile Browsing User Experience
Comment: "Energy, time, and money" seem vague here, what is being saved? Do you mean the users time until page load, money for data bills, and energy like phone power? Or maybe developers time and energy creating the different image versions and money for saving server costs?
Comment: Thanks @DasBeasto , you are correct.. I did update the answer. The answer is for the end user of the system. The first approach  (delivering optimized images), as you rightly mention, is the best and for other system users.


An example of a residually finite group which is not Hopf

Question: trying to think of any residually finite group which is not Hopf.  Any help?
Answer: 1) $G = \bigoplus_{i=1}^{\infty} \mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$ is residually finite but not Hopfian.  It is clearly not Hopfian, and any non-identity element $g$ must have $g_i \neq 0$ for at least one $i$.  Then $\pi_i(G) \cong \mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$ is a finite quotient in which the image of $g$ is nontrivial.
2) An infinitely generated free group is residually finite and not Hopfian.  This is a basic example that any connoisseur of group theory should work out carefully for herself.
Answer: Every finitely generated residually finite group is already Hopfian. So we need an infinitely generated group. An example is given here: http://groupprops.subwiki.org/wiki/Residually_finite_not_implies_Hopfian.
Comment: The example given there doesn't seem to be fully correct: e.g. the additive group of a nontrivial $\mathbb{R}$-vector space is divisible, hence not residually finite.
Comment: (It can be fixed by replacing "field" by "finite field" in the first sentence of the proof.  This seems to be just a typo.  Anyway, I added an answer just to be sure.)
Comment: Yes, thank you !
Answer: As Dietrich Burde has pointed out, you need to consider infinitely generated groups. This is because of the following result due to Mal'cev.
Theorem (Mal'cev):
A finitely generated, residually finite group is Hopfian.
Proof:
Suppose $G$ is residually finite and non-Hopfian, and we shall find a contradiction. As $G$ is non-Hopfian, there exists a surjective homomorphism $\phi: G\rightarrow G$ such that $\ker\phi\neq 1$. Consider $g\in\ker\phi\setminus\{1\}$. Then as $G$ is residually finite there exists a subgroup $N_g\unlhd_fG$ such that $g\not\in N_g$, with associated map $\psi: G\rightarrow K=G/N_g$. As $G$ is finitely generated there are only finitely many, $n$ say, homomorphisms $G\rightarrow K=G/N_g$. We shall denote these homomorphisms by $\psi_1, \ldots, \psi_n$. Since $\phi$ is surjective, all of the maps $\phi\psi_i$ are distinct and so they constitute all the homomorphisms from $G$ to $K$. However, $\phi\psi_i(g)=_K1$ for all $i$ but $\psi(g)\neq 1$. This is a contradiction, as required.
Note that residual finiteness is a very strong property for finitely presented groups, but relaxing finite presentability to finite generation looses you some properties, and relaxing finite generation loses you even more. For example, a finitely presented, residually finite group has soluble word problem but there exists finitely generated, residually finite groups which are not even recursively presentable! Finite generation gives you Hopfian and also a residually finite automorphism group, but again relaxing this looses these conditions.


Is it permissible to work at a tzaar-baalei-chayyim store?

Question: Are you allowed to work at a store (pet shop, for example) that does tzaar-baalei-chayyim to the animals it has there?
Comment: Could you be more specific?
Comment: Would one be permitted to work at Red Lobster - or a French restaurant that serves frogs' legs or a restaurant that serves clams - knowing that the way that a lobster is killed is by tossing it into a pot of boiling water so it doesn't emit a gas that it naturally emits when killed otherwise, or frogs by slowly boiling them so they don't feel the heat and jump out, or that clams are eaten while still alive?
Answer: If this is a Jewish-owned store, and working for them facilitates the sin, it is probably prohibited to work there.
BUT You should find out if the Tza'ar being committed in the store is in fact halachically impermissible. There are many valid situations where the tza'ar is permitted.
If this is a non-Jewish store, I don't know of a source that prohibits tza'ar balei chaim to non-Jews, so there's no Lifnei Iver. Of course, if the behavior is illegal according to American law, that would be entirely different.
Comment: If it was Ever Min HaChai it would be a problem for non-jews too.


How do I beat the "Kill 5 guards within 10 seconds" mercenary challenge?

Question: In Brotherhood the fight missions for Mercenaries have a very short time limit on them. What do you need to do in order to win the fight in less the 10 seconds? I been trying and trying and can't seem to be able to do any significant damage within 10 seconds.
Answer: Found a really great way: taunt them and then counter. Most of the time you will get a 1-hit-kill.
Comment: update: do this to the one for 3 on all but the guy on the farthest to the left. also on 4 count 3 over from right to left and do all but that guy then just beat him up like normal
Answer: I've found that keep pressing your attack and kick buttons alternating them every so often allows you to do combo moves. I was able to do this for all five fights.
Answer: How I beat this challenge: equip your throwing stars (or dagger), and hold down the attack button for a few seconds. Ezio will crouch. Release the attack button and Ezio will whirl 5 knives  at enemies. If there are at least 5 enemies within reach, they should get hit and die and you'll get the completion message. Done within 1 second!
Comment: Even easier if you throw a smoke bomb beforehand. Watch 'em fall like flies!
Answer: Honestly, this part is extremely frustrating as your best bet for beating them in the alloted time is hoping that the game decides you are going to do a quick finisher combo instead of whacking all the health off an enemy one chunk at a time. I found just mashing punch and countering only when necessary to work the best and was able to complete all the challenges pretty quickly.
Most of it is just about luck I found.
Answer: Wait for the Mercenary to come to you, then continue to hit the attack button.I used this method, winning lots of money.
Hope this work
Answer: All guards are killed instantly with combo kills ("kill streaks") and counter kills.
To get this achievement, first find 5 enemies. With the exception of Papal Guards, you may have to lure a group together. You can initiate a fight by tackling someone.
After you have the guards, remember every kind of guard will be counter-killed with the Hidden Blade(s), including the Seekers. After counter-killing one, you can use the killstreak to instantly kill the next guard, and the guard after that, until you reach 5 enemies killed.
Answer: I tried equipping my throwing knifes & holding down the punch button (square 4 ps3) but all holding down punch did was throw dust in their face which makes them stop & hold their head for a sec but after a couple times i noticed if i hit 1 right after throwing dust in their face Ezio will do a 1 hit k/o do this 2 all of them & once u get to 4 try to take out the one on the far left first he's the one that'll dodge ur attack everytime. Hope this helps!
Answer: Just use your arrow storm, if you have enough assassins (hold L2) that will kill them all ememies instantly.
Comment: Wrong part of the game.


The best Web3 providers online

Question: Does anyone know what are the most popular web3 providers online? (Or is Infura the only one?)
Comment: Infura is for sure the most popular
Comment: @jasper I agree with you, but are there any alternatives?
Comment: quiknode.io is a drop-in replacement with a free tier (disclosure, work for quiknode)
Answer: Over the past year, many teams have been busy building infrastructure services to better support the ecosystem. There are now a number of options available to developers - which is fantastic for the overall Ethereum ecosystem.
There are generally two types of solutions - the companies that abstract away node management and just provide APIs (let's call them API Providers) & the companies that will spin up dedicated or shared nodes for you (let's call them Node providers).  There are pros and cons to both approaches.
In the API Provider category, you have:

Infura (https://infura.io) - The original, it's been around awhile and thus has earned developer trust.
(Edit: Shut down in Jan'20) - Nodesmith (https://nodesmith.io) - Full disclosure upfront, I am one of the founders here. Our APIs are fully compliant with the standard Ethereum JSON RPC interface - but we've built out sophisticated middleware layer that makes our response times faster and more reliable than alternatives.
Alchemy (https://alchemyapi.io/) - A relatively newer player, they currently have an invite only product that looks promising. I've heard from various blockchain teams that they are pleased with the service.

On the Node provider side, you have many options:

BlockDaemon (https://blockdaemon.com) - very impressive team and they do a lot more than just Ethereum nodes.
QuickNode (https://quiknode.io/)
BlockCypher (https://blockcypher.com)

Apologies to the providers I've missed - there are definitely more.
There are also some innovative projects coming online that are seeking to build a decentralized & trustless network of node providers.  One great example of this is the Pocket Network (https://www.pokt.network/).
Comment: This subdivision is interesting, but I didn't understand the differences. In the ethereum documentation I read that infura is classified as Ethereum API as a service, while BlockCypher as Ethereum Web APIs. What is the difference?
Answer: The most popular is Infura as you said but there is a few others hosted ones:

QuikNode
BlockCypher

Other solutions imply bootstrapping and syncing your own node which could take some time, or use a Parity node.
Comment: Hi, I read your comment and wanted to ask if you can help me with this doubt. In the ethereum documentation I read that infura is classified as Ethereum API as a service, while BlockCypher as Ethereum Web APIs. What is the difference?
Answer: The answer was a quick google away:
https://www.reddit.com/r/ethdev/comments/7kcc5z/alternatives_to_remote_node_services_like_infura/
The comments on this thread basically say that besides Infura the best provider and the alternative is run your own (light)node.
Comment: Please add some details about what is behind the link. If the link goes dead, this answer should be able to stand on its own.
Comment: As I did now or do you need more data?
Comment: This answer is completely outdated now. Look at Ibrendanl's answer for up-to-date information.
Answer: Another I'll add is Alchemy API. You need to request an invite for now but Alchemy is really promising.

The best Web3 providers online


Can I use apt to install packages without root privelages?

Question: I am on a school computer (Ubuntu Lucid Lynx) and I would like to run some code that has dependencies on certain libraries. I would like to install those libraries into my user account using apt instead of having to compile them source, as I don't want to deal with dependency hell. Is this possible?
Comment: Discuss you problem with the system administrator. Please read the FAQ.
Answer: No, you cant use apt without root or superuser access.
Comment: I was afraid of that after I read the man page. I don't see why not since if I can compile it from source the security implications are the same...  Thank you.
Answer: The next best thing you can do is to download the packages manually, then use is dpkg-deb -x to extract their contents to your home directory.  Obviously, there won't be any automatic dependency resolution, and you'll have to use $LD_LIBRARY_PATH or other tricks to make things work with non-standard paths.
Answer: You could be sneaky and set up a private RPM repository, but that's more trouble than it's worth and probably easier to add another system to the network, get permission, or have a virtual machine set up for you with a few additional privileges granted.  Make friends with an authorized admin, being up front, and maybe they can open other doors for you.
Comment: Could I set-up a virtual machine or do something with chroot within my own user account?
Comment: Not without system privileges.  Here are your choices as I see them: ask for help from the person or department that patches the base system, build the libraries from scratch, or attach a system you control onto the network.  The last one (hook up your own) could get you punished.  The middle one is very time consuming (I know first hand).  The first option might take a while, but could end up being the most graceful solution.  They might be willing to create a VM for you in a controlled environment if you ask nicely.  Faculty may already do this and you're just joining the party.
Comment: Alternatively, talk to the professor and get them to back your idea.  Even if you're freelancing.  Sometimes you need an "in," and who better than a prof who likes you.  At the worst, they'll give you the name of someone competent who won't give you the runaround.


How/Can I install/run Windows on my older iMac (2007) running OS 10.95?

Question: I was just told by someone that i won't be able to install Bootcamp to run Windows on my iMac (2007) - it's been upgraded/rebuilt at least once and upgraded again less than 6 mos ago. Is there another option, or were they wrong (just saw a thread about someone installing Bootcamp on a 2001 iMac.
Answer: It MAY be possible to install Windows 7 on this Mac, possibly Vista, nothing later though. Understand that Windows 7 is EOL in January of 2020. So using it would be a bad idea if you need to connect to the internet with it.
You'll need an ISO (disk Image) of the Windows OS and the correct Bootcamp software (V 4 - 5) and you may be able to get this up and running. there is an archived Apple KBase artical about this here.


Cheapest countries to visit from Dubai

Question: I have recently shifted to dubai and i am looking for countries where i can travel on budget. Places that are nearer and can be covered over a weekend. I am considering going out in Feb.
Answer: Kish Island in Iran, a short flight away, is the traditional destination for quick visa runs from the UAE.  Unlike the rest of Iran, it's a designated tourism zone that all nationals can visit without a visa.  Beware that Iranian laws apply, so women must cover up and don't expect alcohol or wild nightlife.
https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Kish_Island

Cheapest countries to visit from Dubai


What if our whole body is made up of cancer cells?

Question: Today I learnt in my biology class that cancer cells are immortal.  That left me wondering what if our whole body is made up of cancer cells?  Will that make us immortal? Is it possible or why is it not possible?
Comment: Many cancers are deadly for a reason you know. Vote to close being pob
Comment: I'm voting to close this question as off-topic because it lacks research.
Comment: This question shouldn't be closed; it's a good question and has an objective answer which @JayCkat gives. There is a difference between immortality as seen in stem cells and immortality as seen in cancer cells. There is tons of research on this kind of thing as well; you can discuss stem cell transplantation vs teratoma formation assays.
Comment: @Artem Thank you XD I really wish they don't remove my question.
Answer: No.
One aspect of cancer cells is that they no longer follow their programming, ie they stop doing all the work that a normal cell in that particular part of your body would do.
The next aspect is that cancer cells keep growing even when they are told to stop, even when there is no more space to grow.
Cancer cells also tend to destroy surrounding extracellular matrix in the quest for more nutrient. SO stuff like bone get deformed or just broken down leaving holes.
So if your entire body were made of cancer cells... well it would fall apart as cell stop doing their assigned job in the body, start growing without care and break down existing structure for better access to more nutrients.
What you want are immortal cells that still do their job.. stem cells.


Uncertainty principle on a simple pendulum

Question: During simple pendulum motion at different points it has specific energy.That is how we can precisely predict its velocity as well as its definite position.
It seems to violate Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.What contradicts it?
Comment: In addition to the nice answers in the question pointed out by @mmesser314, I would point out that your question, basically, boils down to why classical mechanics is not the same as quantum mechanics. But it is, and the extent to which classical mechanics is 'exact' can be gotten at through the techniques in the referenced question/answer.
Comment: The Heisenberg uncertainty principle depends on h_bar , a very small number. 6.6x10^-34 Joule seconds. The classical positions and momenta fulfill the inequality without any problem. It is at the quantum level of nano meters and smaller that the effects appear.
Comment: Not sure why this is attracting downvotes. It is a common misconception.
Comment: Related: http://physics.stackexchange.com/q/175985/37364. This question is about how quantum mechanics affects an inverted pendulum.
Answer: To determine if the pendulum has a specific momentum at each position, verifying your model, you need to do measures.
Let's say that using some kind of laser system you can measure the position of your pendulum with a precision of the size of an atom $\approx1\times10^{-10}~m$. In this case the Heisemberg principle will not be very useful: you still can reach a precision of $1\times10^{-24}~kg~m/s$ in its momentum from which you can extract a very, very good model of its motion.
What if you could measure the position with a precision of $1\times10^{-30}~m$? Well let's think first how to do that. You will need to use photons (or other particles like in an electron microscope) whose wavelength is smaller than $1\times10^{-30}~m$. However such photons would carry a momentum $P=h/\lambda= 6\times 10^{-4}~kg~m/s$ this is approximately the momentum of a wasp flying at full speed! If you start to throw few of them at your pendulum you will alter its motion.
In this context The Heisemberg principle tells that you cannot test your equation of motion to this absurd precision with experimental measures.
Comment: Maybe the last paragraph would more accurately state "you cannot know the state of the pendulum with sufficient accuracy to violate the uncertainty principle". Otherwise nicely done.
Answer: You are performing a macroscopic analysis, i.e. working at a scale far above that of the quantum level. Therefore, trying to use quantum theory is not practical, since the scale is ridiculously big in comparison. Its analogous to counting the intermolecular interactions in something as big as a planet.
Instead, we use classical mechanics, like Newton's Laws of Motion. This regards nothing of the mechanics at the quantum level, so it is not exact. However, classical mechanics is certainly accurate enough at the scale of a pendulum, the accuracy depending on the complexity of the model (e.g. including effects due to aerodynamics, internal forces and deformation in the string, etc.).
Basically, the uncertainty principle is not physically violated, because we have not considered its effects in our pendulum model. It would be impractical for the purposes of our analysis. The uncertainties would be highly insignificant, so having a model that says "this velocity at this position" for classical mechanics is no biggie.


What is a good place to have a bird's eye view of Boston?

Question: I'm looking for a place to take pictures of Boston, esp. Back Bay's brownstones. What is a good place to have a bird's eye view of Boston? Some place free and open to tourists would be great!
Answer: The Prudential center is a great place to see it. Directly above the observatory is the bar Top of the Hub
You can go up without any charge and buy a drink at the bar and walk around and enjoy the views.
Here's a picture I quickly snapped on my phone from last year at the Top of the Hub bar:
Comment: Top of the Hub is also permanently closed as of Spring 2020, so this isn't an option anymore either.
Answer: A great place to have a bird's eye view of Boston is the Skywalk Observatory.  It is located at the top of the Prudential Center.  Please find the link below:
http://www.prudentialcenter.com/shop/shop_detail.php?id=64
It is not free but it isn't too expensive and open to the public
Ticket Prices:
Adults $19.00
Seniors $15.00
Children under 12 $13.00
Student with college ID $15.00
Comment: Skywalk observatory is permanently closed as of Spring 2020, so this is no longer an option. A new observation area may reopen in the future, but is not guaranteed.


Mobile Connect Import

Question: I am trying to subscribe back the contacts in Mobile Connect who have status as 'Not Opted in' through a csv file. However, the import says 'Invalid Context Status'. Does this mean that we cannot update a mobile subscriber's opt in status through import file?
Comment: SFMC doesn't allow you to re-optin contacts in bulk as a guardrail
Comment: Thanks @EazyE . Just to confirm, this is only the case in MobileConnect right, because I am opting in subscribers in email studio(All Subscribers)
Answer: Looks like you cannot opt-in via bulk import when contact is opted-out.
The only way to opt them back in is via SMS or via API.
ref: (Is there a way to update MobileConnect Subscription Data from a Data Extension?)
API call Example:
<code>PATCH /contacts/v1/contacts
Host: {{subDomain}}.rest.marketingcloudapis.com
Content-Type: application/json
Authorization: Bearer {{authToken}}

{
   "contactKey":"1234",
   "attributeSets": [{
         "name":"MobileConnect Subscriptions",
         "items": [{
               "values": [
                     { "name":"Keyword", "value":"XXXXXXXXX" },
                     { "name":"Mobile Number", "value":"15558675309" },
                     { "name":"Opt In Status", "value":1 },
                     { "name":"Opt Out Status", "value":0 }
               ]
         }]
   }]
}
</code>
Comment: Thank you :) I am aware of the API method, However, this triggers a confirmation SMS to the end user. I was trying to avoid that
Comment: Hi @Gortonington, I have used the queueMO api  till now, I used the above api that you mentioned, but it gives me :
            "message": "Update failed for one or more AttributeSets. Note: Updates aren't allowed on attributes that form the primary Key of the attributeset"
Answer: to resub via QUEUEMO, so long as the sub count is not massive, (If you do this for more then 25k records you will likely get a reverse escalation) you can toss and IF/ELSE ampscript argument in the message body. If you know the mobile numbers on the individuals you need to resub and run your statement against a DE of these phone numbers, you need to set the message copy to %%[]%%
This will silently subscribe a user to the keyword you need and flip their status back to active.

Mobile Connect Import


paintable silicone caulking at shower ceiling joint?

Question: Should we use paintable caulking at the joints of the shower surrounding tiled walls and ceiling (drywall ceiling)?
Answer: It doesn't really matter if the ceiling joints are caulked with silicone or not.   Silicone is used so that water does not enter.   Most good latex caulks would handle this joint just as well because there isn't direct water pressure - I understand you have steam and splashes.
My advice would be to use a latex caulk that matches ceiling color (hopefully white!) and not paint it.   Painting even paintable caulk will not last above a shower so why do it?  I also actually prefer latex here as I feel I can apply latex thinner and smoother in a corner leaving less chance for peeling in the future.   Silicone is just fine too just my preference - even when being careful you will smear silicone more and end up with larger lines more susceptible to damage later on.   (I used latex above my shower in current home and 8 years later looks brand new)
Comment: I agree, but the caulk the OP is asking about is probably "latex with silicone". It behaves much like latex but with a little better bond and shrink resistance.
Comment: Was the latex caulk you used a tub and tile caulk? Those are great because they do not yellow. However painters caulk will yellow over time if left unpainted.
Answer: Do you want to paint the caulk ?  If you want to paint it then you need paintable.
If you do not want to paint it then Given the amount of moisture and condensation at the top of the shower i would use Mold resistant 100% silicone.


Reviewer left no comments. What should I do?

Question: I received a major revision from IEEE Transactions, however one reviewer left no comments. Earlier this already happened to me and the reviewer had left the comments in "Comments to Editors" section. Should I contact the editors in this case and ask if there are some comments? Or should I ignore it as it is simply not my problem, but their mistake
Comment: How do you know there's a reviewer who left no comments? Is there a section in the review comments that goes "Reviewer 2: [nothing written here]"?
Answer: You should definitely contact the editor.  The reviewer may have forgotten to attach his/her comments.  If it is not a mistake, then in your response, just say 'No comments to address'.   If it's a mistake and you do not address the comments, then the missing comments will be used in the next round and thus delaying the review process.
Answer: You can certainly ask the editor to clarify if an error occurred. However, I would say this is not strictly necessary. An alternative would be to simply address the issue in your letter when you resubmit, something along the lines of:

We revised our manuscript taking into account all reviewer comments, except for reviewer 2, who left no comments.

You would probably then hear back from the editor if there were indeed reviewer comments you were unaware of. The worst case scenario would be to lose some time before publication, it is nothing that would be held against you in the decision to publish (or not). But of course, if you really cannot or do not want to afford that, ask.
Comment: Seems more expedient for everyone involved to just ask.
Comment: What's the point in revising a manuscript if you already know that there are comments that in all likelihood were forgotten to attach and that you know you are not addressing? It just gratuitously lengthens the process for everyone.
Comment: It takes a short question to the editor to rule out forgotten comments. It takes a multi-week, possibly multi-month detour to add a full round of back-and-forth with a reviewer.
Comment: @WolfgangBangerth, sure, if comments were forgotten "in all likelihood". But I think there is also nothing wrong to start with the assumption that the editor made sure that you have all the relevant information available to revise your manuscript. To me, this is one of the many cases where it does not help to tell OP what they should do (as expressed in the question), but rather explain what alternatives there are, so that they can make up their mind themselves.


how to use favicons in pywebkitgtk

Question: I would like to retrieve the favicon for each web page visited and place it next to the tab label in my notebook containing a webkit webview.  However, I am finding nothing regarding how to obtain the favicon in pywebkitgtk, (once I have the icon, I know how to place it).  I've seen some functions for doing this in the C version of webkit. Is it possible in python or should I start over in C?  If it is possible, what functions are used?  Thanks.
Answer: I know this is old question, but perhaps this will help. http://webkitgtk.org/reference/webkit2gtk/stable/WebKitFaviconDatabase.html

how to use favicons in pywebkitgtk


How can I disable a pass code that I didn't intentionally set?

Question: I have an iphone4 and I have never locked the phone or set a passcode, but for some reason, the phone is now requiring a 4 digit passcode and will not let me do anything but unlock it without the passcode. I have tried a couple but each time the phone locks and wont let me try again for several minutes. Is there any way to fix this?
Answer:
Has anyone else had access to your phone and played a prank on you? You should ask people who may have had access to your phone what passcode they set.

Does iTunes still let you sync? Normally if iTunes has never seen your phone before a passcode is put on it, it requires you to unlock the phone first. But if it had previously seen the phone locked, it may let you sync your phone to do one last backup of your data, because;

If there is no way can regain access to your phone, you must restore it.

There are two ways of doing this:
The easy way is, if iTunes lets you plug in your phone and click 'restore', then do that. Again, please bear in mind that you WILL LOSE ALL UNSYNCED DATA when doing this, see note #2.
Otherwise, you must put your device in 'DFU' mode in order to forcefully recover it. Again, because this is absolutely even more important:
After entering DFU mode there is absolutely no way to get out of it, as soon as you follow these instructions you will be on the road to completely restoring your phone. Again, see the previous bold/italics and Note #2.
Per Apple's Unable to update or restore support article (note also that you can click on the images in order to view them larger in this answer):

While pressing and holding the Home button, reconnect the USB cable to the device. The device should turn on.
Note: If you see the screen pictured below, let the device charge for at least ten minutes to ensure that the battery has some charge, and then start with step 2 again.

Continue holding the Home button until you see the "Connect to iTunes" screen. When this screen appears you can release the Home button:

If necessary, open iTunes. You should see the following "recovery mode" alert:

Use iTunes to restore the device.
If you don't see the "Connect to iTunes" screen, try these steps again. If you see the "Connect to iTunes" screen but the device does not appear in iTunes, see this article and its related links.
Additional Information
Note: When using recovery mode, you can only restore the device. All user content on the device will be erased, but if you had previously synced with iTunes on this computer, you can restore from a previous backup. See this article for more information.


With today's technology, why can't we find crashed planes

Question: How can a plane just go missing? It's mad surely with the technology these days they could at least pin point the location of a plane. We have the technology to transmit pictures of Pluto back to Earth million miles but a plane goes missing and can't be found?! Even if my iPhone got lost, I'll be able to have an app locate it for me.
Comment: Pluto is easy.  You know where it is.  Your iPhone can only be found if it's switched on and connected.  What leads you to believe that there are any similarities between photographing Pluto, finding an iPhone and locating a crashed aircraft?  BTW, those Pluto photos took billions of dollars and use slower links than I had on dialup in the 1980s.
Comment: Contrary to what you state, your smartphone cannot be found if lost out of reach of a wifi access point or a telco cell. that is your smartphone can be found on 1% of the Earth surface at most, and probably this is very overestimated. With the current technology aircraft are easier to localize; more than 1% is well covered by SSR and echo radar.
Comment: *If* the aircraft has the technology to be found, it will be found. Some have it, other not. That's only a matter of money. the plane can transmit its GPS position to any receiver, likely a satellite when it is over land or water without ATC control centers. Are you ready to pay for it, because it's coming?
Answer: Having a technology and using it are two different things. As already noted, you are able to get pictures from Pluto because your tracking station knows where it is.
Similarly, the aircraft position is determined by Primary Radar, which literally scans the sky, but its effective range is limited and they are costly to operate. The secondary Radar locates the aircraft by interrogating its transponder, which provides the ATC with its location and speed. However, if the transponder is not working, there is no way for to detect the aircraft locations.
The aircraft can also communicate with the ground station using ACARS, but it depends on on board electrical system. The same goes for the ADS-B, which depends on onboard systems for determining its location and speed.
Its a bit like trying to find your mobile after switching it off. No app is going to work.
Assuming that the aircraft is involved in a crash, the Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) can be used to trace the aircraft. However, these are not mandatory in scheduled flights(though ULB is mandatory).
Satellites could help, but again, they should know where to look for.
The wifi or working mobile phones onboard could help, but these are yet to be implemented in any big way.
The next generation technologies under development will allow  real time tracking of the aircraft, but these are still under development.
Answer: While the other points are valid the other consideration is that between an observer on the correct side of the Earth and Pluto there is a couple of miles of air and then miles and miles of absolutely nothing which is no obstacle to light or radio waves.
Looking for a lost plane there is a better than 2/3 chance that it is under seawater which you cannot normally see more than a couple of feet through with visible light or RF, (this is why submarines are so hard to find and have to use ULF to receive notification to surface for messages).  Keep in mind that we have better maps of the moon than of the seabed.  From NOAA: "The ocean covers 71 percent of the Earth's surface and contains 97 percent of the planet's water, yet more than 95 percent of the underwater world remains unexplored."
Even if you are on a flat level stretch of ground the horizon is only about 3 miles away when standing on the ground so a parked airplane 5 miles away would be invisible on a flat featureless grassland.
Comment: Receiving data from Pluto if far more complex than receiving data from an aircraft just before it enters the water. Even when underwater, some buoy can be released to transmit radio signals. Have a look at the [DSN infrastructure](http://deepspace.jpl.nasa.gov/).
Comment: IF the plane has the equipment fitted and it is not disabled by the crash, etc. also that is the plane giving us it's location rather than us __finding__ the plane - Pluto was "discovered" optically using 1920's technology 90 years later the vast majority of the subsea terrain has not been observed.
Comment: There is no difficulty at all to track a commercial aircraft, including over the water. But tracking thousands of aircraft at the same time requires an infrastructure and to decrease the cost also requires the collaboration of the aircraft equipment, which is not a problem technically speaking. What prevents to move on is the price to be paid by the passenger. But it will eventually be done in the coming years, under the pressure of the regulators, and because accidents frequency could increase due to changing weather.


Why am I getting 'Assembly '*.dll' must be strong signed in order to be marked as a prerequisite.'?

Question: I'm trying to compile my excel addin using C# 4.0, and started to get this problem when building my project in Visual Studio. It's important to tell you that I haven't had this problem before. What could cause this to happen?
Comment: As a quick try, clear out both the `bin` and `obj` folders of your project, and build the project again. Sometimes this works.
Comment: @Jason, Cleaning the project and rebuilding worked for me. I had just recently signed the assemblies and the project would build, but wouldn't publish.
Comment: @Kratz - Glad this tip worked for you :) It's a bit like fixing your computer by rebooting it!
Comment: are you signing the assembly ?
Comment: This happened to me when configuration manager reset the build settings on several of my projects (i.e. they were not set to build on "Rebuild All"), after versioning those projects and rebuilding the error would occur.
Comment: My issue was because two projects were using different references.  When I consolidated the references for the solution it worked.
Answer: When I had this problem I fixed it by turning off the 'Enable ClickOnce security settings'.
Menu: Project | 'Project name' Properties... | Security tab | 'Enable ClickOnce security settings' check box.
Comment: I have MSVS 2015 and I don't see the security tab under project properties
Comment: When using ClickOnce, this check box is automatically selected each time the application is published with the Publish wizard. See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/1sfbfyk0.aspx for more information.
Comment: Did not work for me in VS2012 (checkbox is re.checked automagically during publish). I used this answer instead, as the DLL was needed for the build process only. http://stackoverflow.com/a/8123074/17713
Answer: My guess is that you're not working with strongly named assemblies. I've had this error when two projects reference slightly different versions of the same assembly and a more dependent project references these projects. The resolution in my case was to remove the key and version information from the assembly name in the .csproj files (it didn't matter anyway), and then do a clean build.
Changes between the different assembly versions were compatible with the parts of the solution referring to them. If this is not the case with you, you might have to do some more work to resolve the issue.
NuGet
With NuGet it's easy to get into this situation if:

You install a package to one project in your solution.
A new version of that package is deployed to the package source.
You install it to another project in the same solution.

This results in two projects in your solution referencing different versions of that package's assemblies. If one of them references the other and is a ClickOnce app, you'll see this problem.
To fix this, issue the update-package [package name] command at the Nuget Package Manager Console to bring everything up to a level playing field, at which point the problem goes away.
You should manage NuGet packages at the solution level rather than at the project level unless there is a compelling reason not to. Solution level package management avoids the potential of multiple versions of dependencies. When using the management UI, if the Consolidated tab shows 1 or more packages have multiple versions, consider consolidating them to one.
Comment: Here is some more info: http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en/csharplanguage/thread/6c24bb92-e488-4a91-b4e7-dc3269904697. Also, clearing *bin* and *obj* and (if in your control) setting the assembly version to the same value (e.g. leaving the build number zero) helps.
Comment: I've tacked a bit onto the end of your answer to reflect my own experience today with NuGet and this same error. Hope it helps someone out sometime (possibly even myself in a few months' time!).
Comment: This error keeps popping up for me and removing the assembly name from the .csproj file, then cleaning has consistently fixed it for me.  Thanks!
Comment: You may want to see [this answer](http://stackoverflow.com/a/29925343/160173) if the above answer didn't work and you think you added the NuGet reference to one of your projects using Intellisense/ReSharper.
Comment: The solution contain 4 projects. One project **B** is class library. B's dll was being referenced in rest of three. The other two project's (**C** and **D**) executable are being referenced in **A**. So I build A and got very same issue. The **fix** was to rebuild rest of two projects first. And then rebuilding project **A** fixed issue.
Comment: I had: Project A referencing lib_a, Project B referencing lib_a. I had his error because the versions of lib_a at each project were different. Similar to different versions of packages. This answer helped me figure this out
Comment: Thanx! I just update the packages with NuGet and it fixed up!
Comment: Thanks! great, i have removed the old package and add the new package, clean and rebuild the solution, build successful.
Comment: "two projects reference slightly different versions of the same assembly" rang a bell
Answer: See this answer.

Go to the publish page and click on "Application Files". From there you should see a list of your DLL's. Ensure that the ones that are giving you trouble have their Publish Status marked as "Include" rather than "Prerequisite".
Comment: In my case, this issue was solved changing Publish Status from INCLUDE (auto) to just INCLUDE. Anyway, your answer helped not to thrust on shown values. Thanks a lot
Comment: The exel addin project doesn't have Application Files button. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6378801/i-do-not-have-application-files-dialog-box-in-my-vs2010/6379771#6379771
Comment: @SergeyKucher: I didn't know that. Thanks for the update. As your question doesn't precise it's for an Excel addin, I think my answer is still valid here (I had the same error message on a *winforms* project and solved it this way).
Comment: I have a winforms project which built fine until I used the publish wizard after which I got the OP's errors. Changing the publish status fixed the problem. Thanks
Answer: I've had this problem. It happened because i had many projects pointing to the same assembly but from different versions. I solve it selecting the same version to all projects in my solution.
Answer: If you have changed your assembly version or copied a different version of the managed library stated in the error you may also have previously compiled files referencing the wrong version. A 'Rebuild All' (or deleting you 'bin and 'obj' folders as mentioned in an earlier comment) should fix this case.
Comment: A 'Rebuild All' performs a clean first, and is equivalent to 'clean' then 'build'. Good to note though is that sometimes when files have been manually copied or copied with different timestamps, the 'clean'/'rebuild' functionality does not remedy the problem and it is required to manually delete the 'bin' and 'obj' folders.
Comment: For this issue related to Excel, deleting the bin/obj folders worked for me, the other approaches didn't.
Answer: If you tried all the other answers in this question and you:

Have multiple projects in your solution
Have a project (Project A) that references another project (Project B), whose project references a NuGet package.
In Project A, you used Intellisense/ReSharper to bring in the reference to the NuGet package referenced in Project B (this can happen when a method in Project B returns a type provided by the NuGet package and that method is used in Project A)
updated the NuGet package via NuGet Package Manager (or CLI).

...you may have separate versions of the NuGet packages DLL in your projects' References, as the reference created by Intellisense/ReSharper will be a "normal" reference, and not a NuGet reference as expected, so the NuGet update process won't find or update it!
To fix this, remove the reference in Project A, then use NuGet to install it, and make sure the NuGet packages in all projects are the same version. (as explain in this answer)

Life Pro Tip:
This issue can come up whenever ReSharper/Intellisense suggests to add a reference to your project. It can be much more deeply convoluted than the example above, with multiple interweaving projects and dependencies making it hard to track down. If the reference being suggested by ReSharper/Intellisense is actually from a NuGet package, use NuGet to install it.
Comment: Yes, avoid using Resharper to add references. Resharper will take the reference dll from the debug (or release if you're in release mode) folder. That will cause a lot of issues, specially in huge projects.
Answer: you need to sign the assembly with a key. Go in the project properties under the tab signing:
Answer: Adding my solution for this issue for anyone it might help.
I had a ClickOnce solution throwing this error. The app referenced a common "Libs" folder and contained a project reference to a Foo.dll. While none of the projects in the solution referenced the static copy of the Foo.dll in the "Libs" folder, some of the references in that folder did (ie: my solution had refs to Libs\Bar.dll which referenced Foo.dll.) Since the CO app pulled all the dependencies from Libs as well as their dependencies, both copies were going into the project. This was generating the error above.
I fixed the problem by moving my Libs\Foo.dll static version into a subfolder, Libs\Fix\Foo.dll. This change made the ClickOnce app use only the project version of the DLL and the error disappeared.
Answer: Deleting the DLL (where the error is occurred) and re-building the solution fixed my problem. Thanks
Comment: See https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/6c24bb92-e488-4a91-b4e7-dc3269904697/project-wont-build-anymore-strong-named-problem?forum=csharplanguage
Answer: I encountered this problem after migrating an Excel Addin from packages.config to PackageReference. Seems to be related to this issue.
The following works as a crude workaround if you're not using ClickOnce (it will omit all the dependency information from the .manifest file):

Unload project, edit .csproj
Find the section looking like this:

<Import Project="$(VSToolsPath)\OfficeTools\Microsoft.VisualStudio.Tools.Office.targets" Condition="'$(VSToolsPath)' != ''" />

Edit a renamed copy of the referenced .targets file (in my case, the file resolved to C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v15.0\OfficeTools\Microsoft.VisualStudio.Tools.Office.targets and I made a copy Microsoft.VisualStudio.Tools.Office_FIX.targets in the same folder - didn't check if it works from a different folder).
Find the GenerateApplicationManifest element and change its attribute Dependencies="@(DependenciesForGam)" to Dependencies="".
Change the section found in 2. to reference your edited .targets file instead.

This will have to be repeated whenever the version of the .targets file shipped with VS is updated (or you won't get the updates), but I'm hoping it will be fixed soon...
Comment: To add to this, a slightly gentler way of fixing the issue is to copy the whole  section from the file located in point 3 (ie: just find the file, don't copy and rename it), to your own project's .**proj file, and make the same change as described in point 4.  This will override the behaviour just for your project, and won't then affect anything else on your machine.  If there are changes to the original file in a future VS update, you may still need to repeat the process.
Answer: When this happened to me with the WindowsAPICodePack after I updated it, I just rebuilt the solution.
Build-->Rebuild Solution
Answer: There were too many projects in my solution to go through and individually update so I fixed this by:

Right-clicking my solution and selecting 'Manage NuGet Packages for Solution...'
Going to the Updates tab
Finding the affected package and selecting Update
Clicked OK and this brought all instances of the package up to date
Answer: Unloading and reloading the problem project solved it for me.
Answer: I went to publish, application files, found the dll throwing the error changed it to 'Include' from 'Include (Auto)'.  I can now publish.
Answer: Is your assembly properly signed?
To check this, press Alt+Enter on your project (or right click, then Properties). Go to "Signing". Verify that the check box "Sign the assembly" is checked and the strong name key file is selected and "Delay sign only" is unchecked.
Comment: @user520535: well, if you haven't signed the library before, you should. It is not the only way for this library to be able to be used by signed assemblies (a signed assembly cannot call a not-signed one), but working with not signed assemblies is also very tricky when you deal with plug-ins/add-ins. Now, why it started to cause problems now and not before? I've no idea.
Comment: I havent signed the *.dll, but there was no problem with it before (i didnt have the compilation error before). The dll referenced in one of referenced projects of the published one, I found ugly solution to reference the dll directly from the published project, can you please tell me why does it work now? Or how could I solve the proble in opther way ? Thank you
Comment: @user520535: if it helped, you're free to accept or upvote the answer.
Answer: Now Here is a different approach to the problem:

Right click on the project and select the 'Unload Project' option. You will notice you project becomes unavailable.
Right click on the unavailable project and select the 'Edit' option.
Scroll down to the ' < ItemGroup > ' tag that contains all the resource tags.
Now go to the reference that has been displayed on the error list, you will notice it it uses a single tag (i.e. < Reference Include="assemble_name_here, Version=0.0.0.0, Culture=neutral" / >).
Change that to look as follows:

.
<Reference Include="assemble_name_here, Version=126.96.36.199, Culture=neutral, processorArchitecture=MSIL" >
    < Private > True < / Private >
    < HintPath > path_here\assemble_name_here.dll < / HintPath >
< / Reference >

Save your changes, Right click on the unavailable project again and click on the 'Reload Project' option, then build.
Answer: This is caused when you change the version of the .dll that is referenced. You need to delete all items, or the .dll in the target build folder.
Answer: I got the similar compiler error. Once I add the dependent project of the dll file to the solution, issue resolved.
Answer: If your main project using some library projects and have reference to them, you can cause this problem if your project reference to a assembly dll file instead to library project when you change something in your library project (ex: rename a class).
You can check all references to your main project by view in Object Browser window (menu View->Object Browser). A reference to a dll file always has a version number. Ex: TestLib [188.8.131.52]
Solution: delete the current reference of your main project to the library project and add reference to that library project again.
Answer: After trying most of the solutions here, I finally just added a reference to the project from the click once project, this changed it to Include (Auto) from Include and it finally worked.
Answer: What helped me was I went onto Package Manager Solution and looked at the installed package which was causing the issue.  I saw that several projects were referencing the same package but different versions. I aligned them based on my needs and it worked.
Answer: I had this in a solution w/ 6 projects.
One of my projects was referring to the named assembly as a file reference. The others were all pointing to the project reference.
I usually get a different error in these cases.
My solution was to delete the named assembly anywhere it was referenced and add it back.
Once I worked through the project, ths problem disappeared.
Before doing this, I tried cleaning the solution as well as making sure none of the projects were signed.
hope it helps someone...
Answer: If its a mismatch of a dependencies dependencies, go to the NuGet package manager at the solution level and check the Update and Consolidate tabs, harmonise it all.
Answer: I recently hit this problem.  In my case, I have NuGet packages on different assemblies.  What I had was different versions of the same NuGet packages associated with my own assemblies.
My solution was to use the NuGet package manager upon the Solution, as opposed to the individual projects.  This enables a "consolidation" option, where you can upgrade your NuGet packages across as many projects as you want - so they all reference the same version of the assembly.
When I did the consolidations, the build failure disappeared.
Answer: I also bump into kind of problem, all I just had to do is delete the .dll (can be found in reference) that causing the error and add it again.
Works like a charm.
Answer: Try with update-package -reinstall -ignoredependencies
Answer: Just go to Publish -> Application File -> And change the effected dll publish status from prerequisite to include!
This worked for me!
Answer: In my case, I upgraded the project to .net 4.7.2 but still built in old visual studio version (2015).
When i built the project in VS 2019, the build failure disappeared.


Toe overlap on mountain bike

Question: How common is toe overlap on 29" wheel bikes? Also, is there a way to fix the overlap by say replacing the shocks for some with more travel? Lastly, is toe overlap a major issue on a mountain bike?
Answer: It is known some people moving to 29er's have issues with tow overlap, especially on small frames. I know when I am not using cleats, I sometimes get a bit of toe strike, less so now, but initially it was happening regularly.
Best not to try and 'fix' the overlap - the bike geometry will be negatively affected unless extreme care is taken. Its not a major issue, you get used to having to keep your feet back (where they should be for efficient riding) Clip less pedals solve the problem completely.
There is a reason the industry quickly moved to 650b. One take is one size does not fit all as the failed 29 experiment shows. The other (cynical one) is the industry needed a reason to sell more bikes, so they came up with 29er as the new "must have" for a couple of seasons then introduced the 650b and said "this one is much better again", knowing all along 650b was a better "one size for all" size.....
Comment: 'The failed 29 experiment' lol - there's a boardroom full of executives at Specialized who'll disagree with this!
Comment: @DWGKNZ Are you saying it was not an experiment,  They knew they would line their pockets by selling bikes that were a poor fit, then selling more bikes that were a better fit, or are you saying that it was an experiment and it was successful beyond their wildest dreams because it succeeded in selling many more bikes than would have been sold if 29er was a good fit.  :)
Comment: @matnz - I see 29 as an experiment, that was, can we flood the market with a generation of new bikes with questionable benefits?. I just don't agree it failed.
Answer: I don't know how common it is. I can tell you that it's not as big a problem as you would expect.
Toe overlap only comes into play when you're making very sharp turns at low speed. Hitting your toe on the front tire would be dangerous at high speed - but at low speed, it's just annoying. And it doesn't even happen that often.
Answer: I have a 46cm gravel bike with 170mm crank arms (it's a Surly Cross Check, it's approximately equivalent to a 50cm road bike ). Although it isn't a MTB, it's still a 29er (700c = 29er with narrower tires). Indeed, toe overlaps are  issues for me, although they are more like annoyance.
Toe overlaps mostly happen when I stop at a red light, or sudden strong braking (almost completely stop) with a sharp turn. However, when I ride the bike in trails with twisty turns, at a reasonable speed, toe overlaps have never occurred.
I think toe overlaps don't affect the riding performance. At first, it's quite annoying but it's not the end of the world. After a while, I'm used to it and I don't plan to modify my bike.
edit:
Recently I've been trying a lot of things on my bike, here's what I can tell from my experience:

Go for thinner tires, I used 700x40 tires and toe overlaps happened more often. Afterwards, switching to 700x35 tires reduces the occurrence of the problem. Depending of the tires, 5mm tire width difference is very noticeable, since the diameter of the fully inflated tires can be significantly reduced, so the distance between the pedal axle to the tire surface is increased.
Use clipless pedals. This might not help depending the pedalling habit while using platform pedals. When I used platform pedals, my foot position was already around the ball of the foot, so after switching to clipless I do not feel any difference. However, clipless pedals give some kind of predictability since my foot position does not change so I can guess/predict when the toe overlaps will likely to occur and I rotate the pedals backward to avoid them.
Comment: Well, you have large wheels on a small frame. Using 700c wheels on a 48 cm bike makes this almost unavoidable (26" or 650b would help in this regard, and manufacturers are starting to use this).
Comment: Are you using clip-in pedals?
Comment: @michael, I'm not, but I'm waiting for my new shoes and egg beaters to be delivered next week. batman, yes you are right, but I don't plan to follow the n+1 rule, so I'll live with the toe overlaps

Toe overlap on mountain bike


Are these roof members structural support?

Question:
I'm fairly new to DIY home improvement. Are these arrowed parts structural support? I'm looking to vault the ceiling below but I'm not sure if I need to involve an engineer.
Comment: Are there only those two? Do they exist on every rafter? Are the on both sides of the roof?
Answer: You absolutely need to engage an engineer.
Ignoring those braces, which may or may not be relevant, your ceiling joists tie the outer walls together and keep them from bowing outward.
As an aside, this is a challenging project for anyone. It involves (at a minimum) demolition, carpentry, electrical, drywall, paint, plus a healthy dose of code compliance. I don't know if you were being modest when you said you were new to DIY, but you might want to start with smaller projects in those areas.
Comment: this would also support the ceiling joists, I have done mitigation where this type of structure moved bowing joist loads to the walls.
Answer: That looks like an old house, with the original roof sheathing made out of boards instead of plywood or OSB. The rafters, however, look like 2x6 or 2x8s and not the usual 5x5 rough sawn lumber with pieces of bark you see in really old houses. So an old house, but not too old. Regardless, the issue with old houses is that they were mostly underbuilt, and this is why you see so many old houses with bowing roofs, leaning walls, sagging floors, etc. They don't make houses like they used to, and that's a good thing.
All of this means that those pieces of wood could have been installed there to make up for insufficient rafters when they built the house (ie rafters spanning a longer distance that recommended), or they could have installed them when they put the plywood sheathing over the boards, to straighten those rafters before the roofing job. Or, like someone suggested in the comments, they could be there because the carpenter building the roof structure did not have a helper that day and just used those pieces of wood to hold the rafter in place while nailing the structure together, and then never removed them. Whatever the reason, given that this is an old house with an underbuilt roof, you should not assume that you can just remove these pieces of wood without doing some serious structural make-up work.
But for the sake of the argument, let's say you are dead set on raising the ceiling. You could do that by demolishing the roof and building a proper roof. Or you could sister all of the current rafters to add structural support (contrary to what suggested in another answer, there are no trusses in involved here.) Either way, this is an expensive and difficult job, requiring permits, plans, inspections, and a lot more skills than the typical DIY project. You will also face problems with insulating and venting the roof if you are not planning on a "hot roof" thing, etc., all considerations which depend on your region. Not to mention the drywall, electrical, plumbing (any vents going through), etc. aspects.
Answer: There is not enough known about the structure of your home for anyone on the internet to make anything other than a guess.
Since this is your home and not just a storage shed, it would be wise to consult an engineer regarding the proper way to achieve your goal.
Answer: Those are probably structural.
Supporting the roof construction.
Do not mess with those, unless you want your roof to colapse
Comment: Thanks for your response. Do you know what structural measures are taken for vaulted ceilings instead of having these vertical trust supports?
Comment: There are no trusses in that roof.
Comment: Personally, I think those are just there as temporary supports for the rafters.  They're not removed because it's extra effort.
Comment: Since they are (probably) not there for aesthetic reasons you should *assume* they are structural. But they aren't necessarily. This is something only a structural engineer on site could tell you for certain.


Energy transfer through damping

Question: When a damper is attached to a bridge, its tuned to the bridges natural frequency. I dont get how will that allow for maximum transfer of energy? And also how will heavily damped systems prevent energy from going back to the system? I thought energy is just lost with damping.
Answer: I'm not a structural engineer, but as I understand it, catastrophic collapses of bridges were often due to loading that caused the bridge to oscillate at its natural frequency. Dampers tuned to the natural frequency allow the oscillation energy to be safely dissipated as heat. The dissipated heat will not naturally flow back to the structure causing it to again oscillate (in violation of the second law of thermodynamics).
ADDENDUM
This responds to your follow up questions.
but I don't get how is energy transferred to the damper in the first place?
In a similar way as a shock absorber in the suspension of a car works. Without the shock absorber, the car would bounce up and down on its suspension springs at the natural frequency of the springs. The shock absorber is basically a cylinder with hydraulic fluid and the fluid absorbs the oscillation energy.
plus what has natural frequency to do with the amount of energy thats transferred?
Let's say the bridge is subjected to very strong, but intermittent, cross winds. The bridge may begin to oscillate if the frequency of the winds matches the natural oscillation frequency of the bridge structure. That's the only frequency that will cause the bridge to fail. So it only makes sense to design the damper so that it absorbs energy at that natural oscillating frequency. If the damper is too "stiff", it will not give at all and simply be another rigid part of the bridge structure.  If the damper is too "soft", it will simply oscillate along with the bridge and not dissipate any energy.
Hope this helps.
Comment: bt i dont get how is energy transferred to the damper in the first place? plus what has natural frequency to do with the amount of energy thats transferred?
Comment: @Meganmars See my addition to my answer
Answer: Disclaimer: I'm not a structural engineer, so in practice this may be different for bridges specifically.  This is more about the general nature of vibrations and damping.
When designing mass-spring damper systems (which you could model the bridge as a complex version of) the natural frequency of the system is a critical factor.  The damper system is designed to dissipate high amounts of energy at the natural frequency of the bridge.  This is because at the natural frequency, an undamped system, or a system with inadequate damping, will continue to increase in the amplitude of oscillations.  A very famous example is the Tacoma Narrows Bridge, where the wind travelling across the bridge oscillated it at the resonant frequency, and the damping in place was insufficient to dissipate enough energy.
Essentially, in each period of the periodic motion, if the dampers are unable to dissipate more energy than is added to the system, the total energy of the oscillations will continue to increase until something bad happens (like a bridge collapse).
The purpose of the dampers is to prevent the energy from staying in the bridge system, and instead dissipates it as other forms of energy (generally heat, possibly some sound).  The energy isn't completely gone, it just needs to be taken away from the bridge oscillations, so that the potential energy of the bridge due to oscillations doesn't resonate out of control.
Also note that I talked about "the" resonant frequency of the bridge; but in practice it would have multiple resonant frequencies; and possibly some resonances between parts that also need to be accounted for.  Treating the bridge like a simple mass-spring-damper system (as I've done here) is a good first approximation; but in practice it is more complex.

Energy transfer through damping


How can I force NetBeans to annotate a javascript file?

Question: I'm using NetBeans 6.5 and I have some javascript files that it claims are binary files and won't display annotations. svn propedit shows that the svn:mime-type is text/javascript and to display the annotations on the command line I have to run "svn annotate --force file.js".
Answer: from http://subversion.tigris.org/svn_1.4_releasenotes.html:

svn blame --force Displays the output
  of blame, even if the file is binary.

It looks like this is not a NetBeans-specific problem, but something related to how svn handles Your .js files. It would be good to add a proper tag to this question.
from http://subversion.tigris.org/faq.html#binary-files:

Subversion just looks at the first
  1024 bytes of the file; if any of the
  bytes are zero, or if more than 15%
  are not ASCII printing characters,
  then Subversion calls the file binary.
  (...) Subversion treats the following
  files as text: (...) Files with a
  svn:mime-type starting "text/"

If Your javascript file contains binary data, You might consider moving it to the end of the file.
There is a chance that the property is set to " text/javascript" or something that looks like text/javascript to human, but not to the svn.
There is a chance that the file used to be binary, but it's not anymore, however You have updated Your repository while not having write access to .svn/ directory (and svn still 'thinks' the file is binary).
There is a chance You have changed the property to the right one, but have not commited it yet.
Finally, the most powerfull solution to svn problems I have ever encountered was to copy the file, delete it the from svn, commit, add the file back (from the copy) and commit. Beware: You loose change history by doing so.
I wish You good luck on finding out what has caused this problem!


Threshold size for quantum effects

Question: What is the upper limit of length for quantum effects to take place? Zooming down through millimetres and micrometres and nanometres and so on, when can I be said to have entered the domain of quantum mechanics? Please state the order of magnitude.
Answer: There exists a rule of thumb for knowing when quantum mechanical dynamics has to be involved in the calculations, it is called the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle (HUP).
$$\sigma_x \sigma_p \leq \hbar / 2 \, .$$
where $\hbar$ is a very small number $1.05 \times 10^{-34} \, \text{Joule}\cdot\text{second}$
The quantity $\sigma_x$ is the uncertainty in position, $x$, and $\sigma_y$ is the uncertainty in the momentum $p$. One is in the classical regime when the inequality holds because the measurement uncertainties are large with respect to the bound, and $\hbar$ can be considered as zero. When the product of the measurement uncertainties  becomes of the same order as $\hbar$ one has to use quantum mechanical solutions, because the uncertainty is not longer controlled statistically, but it is controlled by the solution of the quantum mechanical boundary value problem at hand.
This happens because the HUP is the result of the operator formulation of quantum mechanics with commutation and anticommutation relationships which in effect define the HUP.
This means that quantum mechanical solutions can become necessary for macroscopic situations too, as for superconductivity and superfluidity, so it is not possible to define definite regimes unless the specific problem is examined. Definitely going down to nanometers constrains the momenta but it is not possible to give general limits.
Answer: There is no upper limit in size to the applicability of quantum mechanics. This is illustrated by systems such as superconducting magnets as mentioned in comments on your question. Also, classical physics is just an approximation to quantum physics under certain circumstances when a system is interacting with the environment:
https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.5206.
So-called classical systems are all governed by quantum mechanics.
Comment: @DanielSank It is anti-scientific to restrict the applicability of a theory without a specific explanation of why its applicability should be limited. Rather, you should assume it is applicable until you have evidence to the contrary. The reason you do that is that you can't lose by doing it. Either the theory is correct in which case you understand stuff better, or it is wrong and you can find out it's wrong and you can look for a better theory.
Comment: "There is no upper limit in size to the applicability of quantum mechanics." That is a rather unscientific statement. Can you say we've tested quantum mechanics on the scale of, say, 100 miles? How about a planet? A solar system? It would be better to cite the largest physical system which has demonstrated a coherent quantum effect. Also, superconductors are a shakey example because they sit in their ground state. See comments on OP.
Comment: I think it's misleading to say there's no upper limit for QM when the "largest" experiment we've done is two entangled photons separated by about one large building. We have no idea what happens if the number of excited degrees of freedom gets larger than around 10. I understand your point and I agree, I just disagree with the way the answer is worded; it seems too assertive, particularly since inexperienced readers might take interest in it.
Answer: It appears that quantum effects, rather than ceasing to take effect at larger scales, simply are smaller and smaller by comparison and become undetectable in a noise background. Their existence in the atomic structure continues, but an aggregate effect may not be observed.

Threshold size for quantum effects


RestTemplate "no suitable HttpMessageConverter"

Question: i realize that something wired goes on with a project i try to create. I'm using the RestTemplate. And i'm trying to connect with a server and retrieve data. All went good until the time i decide to broke my program in more than one controller classes. Look what i did. In each one of these new classes i insert at each one of them:
RestTemplate restTemplate= new RestTemplate();

In order to retrieve data i'm using the JAXB annotations only(for data binding) and i can retrieve whatever i want. But when i'm trying to execute this line of code in the new class:
 ResponseEntity<AClass> result = restTemplate.exchange("url",
                        HttpMethod.GET, entity, AClass.class);

I'm taking this exception: RestClientException "Could not extract response: no suitable HttpMessageConverter found for response type [AClass] and content type [application/xml]"
If i put it back in the previous class can be executed without problem. Really i don't understand why. Probably because i'm using in the new class  a new RestTemplate.I try to declare  different RestTemplates and also to declare this way:@Autowired but the problem remains.  Should i declare something new in the dispatcher servlet?Moreover can i call in many classes the object restTemplate(RestTemplate restTemplate=new RestTemplate()). Should i declare it in a specific class and call it from there? What should i do?I expect your propositions.
Answer: How did you previously have your restTemplate instance set up? You have to register a MarshallingHttpMessageConverter with the RestTemplate instance, or it won't know how to unmarshal the XML. Something like this:
Jaxb2Marshaller jaxbMarshaller = new Jaxb2Marshaller();
// Make sure context paths includes AClass's package
jaxbMarshaller.setContextPaths("com.example.generated");
MarshallingHttpMessageConverter converter = new
    MarshallingHttpMessageConverter(jaxbMarshaller, jaxbMarshaller);
restTemplate.setMessageConverters(Arrays.<HttpMessageConverter<?>> asList(converter));


CNN model for binary classification

Question: I just finished training a CNN model for binary classification. Two diagrams were created afterward, but as I am very new to machine learning, I don't get what they state. can anyone tell me if my model has good performance.
Thank you.
Answer: These two charts are showing how the accuracy and loss changed with each epoch.
This model is trained for 10 epochs and the first chart is showing the training accuracy and validation accuracy from the start of the training. Usually, the training accuracy increases as epochs increase.
The validation accuracy also should increase but with more epochs, it might decrease indicating the best model. This decrease in validation accuracy after a certain point indicates "Overfitting" and you should stop training there.
The second chart is keeping track of the loss. You might have defined binary_crossentropy or categorical_crossentropy loss depending on the number of classes for classification. So, ideally, your loss should keep decreasing as epochs increase.
Currently, your model has a validation accuracy of 83-84%.
And telling whether the model is working good depends on what accuracy is expected. In some cases, 70% is considered to be good enough and in some cases, 90% is also not considered as good. It solely depends on the nature of the problem you are solving.
You can try more no.of epochs, and try to add more data if it is feasible.
Also, add information regarding what is the training data size, train test split size, model details (summary), no.of classes, batch size etc.
You can also play around with these parameters or what is known as "Hyper-parameter tuning" to obtain better results.

CNN model for binary classification


Can I programmatically delete existing duplicate Leads in my lead object?

Question: I came to a  recent scenario where i have 10,000 existing leads in my lead object. I want to delete the existing  duplicate leads which have duplicate emails in my lead object. So that the anonymous emails cant be sent . i have wrote a trigger but its not working. Help me out.
Comment: Trigger is not the solution for this but what's your trigger it may help us in understanding how are you identifying duplicate leads
Comment: @Bennie i wrote a trigger but  when we create a new lead then it prevent from duplicate. but i want to check for the existing records.
Comment: You have to use appexchange products for this maybe DemandTools doing it using apex is also a manual task depending on the criteria.
Answer: You can use the Mass Delete functionality to undo any imports.
Follow this link or below provided steps

Click Your Name | Setup | Data Management | Mass Delete Records.
Click the link for the type of record to delete.
Review the information that will be deleted along with the records.
Specify conditions that the selected items must match, for example, "State equals California." For more information, seeEntering Filter
  Criteria.
When deleting accounts, check the appropriate boxes if you want to delete accounts with attached closed/won opportunities or attached
  opportunities owned by other users.
When deleting products, check Archive Products... if you want to include products that are on opportunities. Archived products are not
  moved to the Recycle Bin. Check this option to:

Delete products that are not on opportunities and move them to the Recycle Bin.
Archive products that are on opportunities. These products are not moved to the Recycle Bin and cannot be recovered.

Leave this box unchecked to delete only those products that are not on
  opportunities. Selected products that are on opportunities will remain
  checked after the deletion to indicate they were not included in the
  deletion.

Choose Search to find records that match.
Select the box next to the items you want to delete. Optionally, check the box in the column header to select all currently displayed
  items.
To permanently delete records, select Permanently delete the selected records. Please note that selecting this option prevents you
  from recovering the selected records from the Recycle Bin.
Click Delete. If you did not select Permanently delete the selected records, deleted items are moved to the Recycle Bin.

You can use 3rd party tools for removing duplicates, refer this thread for more details.
Comment: sir  i know this  Mass Delete Functionality but my question  is that  it is not possible through   controller?


Mac Office PowerPoint save as PDF with hyperlinks

Question: I'm using Microsoft PowerPoint 2011 to create a presentation, and want to save the document in PDF form. However, when I save the file using Mac's print dialog, hyperlink information is lost in the resulting PDF file. How can I save the presentation as a PDF while still enabling hyperlinks?
Answer: I know this is a few years late, but I finally found the workaround since Microsoft is too lazy to fix this for Mac. If you open the PowerPoint in Apple's Keynote, then export from Keynote as a PDF, all hyperlinks (both in-document and URLs) will remain intact!
Comment: This did work but I lost a bunch of formatting that KeyNote wasn't smart enough to figure out :(
Answer: I've found what I believe is an ideal solution to this problem. Smallpdf.com provides a free online PPT to PDF conversion service, and it works great for preserving both formatting and hyperlinks.
It can sometimes mess with formatting of embedded charts, but there is an easy workaround. Just "Save Picture As ..." to create a PNG from the chart, then delete the chart and insert the PNG. Smallpdf works for PPT and PPTX, but not PPTM. If you have a PPTM, save it as a PPTX before converting. Note that the free service is limited to two conversions per hour.
The Keynote workflow works too, but as others have noted, it tends to change how slides are formatted.
I hope others find this as useful as I do!
Comment: This works great except for a couple of small image artifacts I found. It seems smallPDF compresses the PDF whilst converting it as well so PNGs with detailed shadows might look a bit edgy afterwards...
Answer: You can still save it as a PDF with working links, but there's a slightly different way to do it.
Go to File => Save As...
Next, select "PDF" for the Format dropdown.  PDF will be listed under "Common Formats" in the dropdown.
The reason the PDF export from the print dialog doesn't export the links is because the links aren't part of the usual data that would matter when printing, and so such things are stripped out when sent to the PDF "printer".
Comment: Even when I use this method, hyperlinks aren't being saved in the resulting PDF
Comment: Is there also a way to have the notes saved in the PDF?
Comment: And you're using Office 2011 for Mac?  I personally tried this right before recommending by making a hyperlink in a Powerpoint and then doing a Save As... I then opened the saved PDF in Preview and was able to click the link.
Comment: I went back and tested some more.  It only carries over if the link itself has the URL in the text.
Comment: It seems if you remove the http from the text the hyperlink doesn't carry over
Comment: I seem to be doing exactly as UtopiaLtd has described, yet hyperlinks are not functioning in the resulting PDF whether I open it in Preview or Adobe Reader. I'm wondering, is there a setting I am forgetting about?
Comment: PowerPoint inter-slides hyperlinks won't work even when saved this way. Looks like you'll need to use the Windows version of PowerPoint to generate the proper PDF hyperlinks.
Answer: You won't believe it, but I had to look for an alternative solution as exporting via Keynote screws up pptx formatting:

Create a text field that covers the image and fill it out with dummy text
Select the text in the text box > Command + K > enter the url
Right click on the text field and select "Format text effects"
Make sure "Text Options" tab on the top of the pop-up is selected
Under "Text Fill" set transparency to 100%

I know it is a rediculous workaround, but it's the only way possible to create hyperlink of an image without using 3rd party software if exporting frequently and keeping the original formatting.
Anyways, hope that helps. :)
Comment: Your answer could be improved with additional supporting information. Please [edit] to add further details, such as citations or documentation, so that others can confirm that your answer is correct. You can find more information on how to write good answers [in the help center](/help/how-to-answer).


The properties of benign tumours

Question: Do benign tumours have no functioning apoptosis mechanisms ? If so what stops benign tumours from excessive growth? Also can a benign tumour have a functioning apoptosis mechanism?
Comment: To rephrase ; 'Does a benign tumour have no working apoptosis mechanism?' If they have no self-destruct mechanisms what stops them from excessive growth?
Comment: If a benign tumours genome is analyzed would this give clues as to how it has no functioning apoptosis mechanisms yet it doesn't grow or metastasize ?
Answer: Benign tumors can absolutely have mechanisms available to them to commit to and carry out apoptosis.  An example of this would be benign prostatic hyperplasia, in which the balance of apoptotic and proliferating cells is offset, but apoptosis is still occurring, simply at a lower comparative rate than the proliferation.
Benign tumors can therefore be caused either by excessive proliferation or inadequate cell death; evidently, a complete failure of programmed cell death in many tissues would result in a tumor, benign or no.

Source:

Kyprianou N, Tu H, Jacobs SC. Apoptotic versus proliferative activities in human benign prostatic hyperplasia.  Hum Pathol. 1996 Jul. 27(7): 668-75.

The properties of benign tumours


Object Follow Curve - Geometry Nodes - Blender 3.0.0

Question: I can't find a way using Geometry Nodes to get an primitive to follow a curve. I feel like this probably should be possible and ideally simple. (I know how to do this using constraints outside of GN, but this is the kind of thing that GN should simplify)
Answer: You can do this with the Sample Curve node. This node inputs a curve and a position along the curve, then outputs the position and direction of the curve at that point.

You can then animate the Factor input to move the sphere along the curve. Geometry nodes doesn't yet have a node to give the current frame, but you can create a Value node and enter the text <code>#frame</code> in it to create a driver that will get the current frame.
Comment: How do you do this for a collection of curves? I haven't figured out yet how to set the position of one geometry on to a collection of curves. It works only for setting the position on one of the curves in the collection of curves. The sample curve node has a curve index input where you can pick which curve in the collection you want to place the geometry. Should that input take some kind of number range of curve indexes? How? I haven't figured out how to make the sample curve node take in multiple curve indexes so that maybe the geometry is placed on multiple curves.