Is a kilonova bigger than a supernova?

Question: My question is straight forward.  Is a kilonova bigger than a supernova?
Update
How does a kilonova differ from a nova in terms of...

luminosity
duration
energy
volume of space occupied by the ejecta
speed of the ejecta
other metrics?
Comment: How would you define "bigger"? More luminous? More energetic? Longer-lasting?
Comment: Thanks, HDE226868!  I think I get it.  Your comment, the answer PeterErwin provided, and the link uhoh provided have given me a picture of what kilonovas are like.  I refined the question for the sake of the site...  I left out supernovas and "hypernovas" (just learned about the latter today) though maybe that info could go here, too.  Or maybe this question is answered well enough already.
Comment: Kilonova sounds a lot like supermoon; mostly journalistic in nature. If you take it literally, it means a thousand times as much of *something*, in this case "nova".
Comment: Wayfaring Stranger -- That is the original intended meaning: roughly 1000 times as much energy as a (classical) nova.
Answer: Although it's a little tricky to say what "bigger" means in this context, the answer is, in most senses, no.
A supernova puts out about ten to a hundred times as much energy in the form of light, and hundred or more times as much matter is ejected. (A core-collapse supernova undoubtedly puts out much more energy in the form of neutrinos as well.) What matter is ejected by a kilonova does go out faster (30-60,000 km/s, versus about 10,000 km/s for supernova ejecta).
On the other hand, a kilonova puts out much more energy in the form of gravitational waves, so they're bigger in that sense.

Is a kilonova bigger than a supernova?


If Bitcoins aren't tied to a conventional currency, how did they get so valuable?

Question: I would appreciate it if  someone could provide me with some insightful information.
Comment: Is gold tied to a currency? Why is it valuable?
Answer: At first it was simply because a decent amount of people accepted the fact that it had a value and used it as a currency even if it was not backed by gold or oil like conventional currency (that still does not have intrinsic value), if you mean how it achieved such an insanely high value the answer is even simpler: speculation; people started buying the currency not to use it for transactions of goods but to simply make a profit from the fluctuating value, buying low and selling high.
Comment: I downvoted this, as it seems to be a purely speculative answer. For sure speculation is in the game, but that's not all. One could imagine, there are people in need for a monetary system, that is censorship free and provides privacy: e.g. ONGs working in countries with instable politics, would highly benefit from a monetary system like bitcoin. So boiling it down to speculation and "insanely" high value is an emotional perception, but probably not the right answer.
Comment: Speculation is how it reached this value, like it or not, I've seen the craze for bitcoins, people thinking they could jump on the bandwagon and simply wait until they made some profit, the only stable bitcoin trade I've witnessed firsthand was on the darknet, everyone else was either speculating or investing in them to have a little stockpile of goodness unreachable by the states. Just the way the value oscillates is proof of the massive speculation there's with virtual currencies and another proof is the dozen or so of ponzi schemes they started to capitalise on this.


ida jumping to address I can't see in driver

Question: When I open this driver in IDA i can't seem to see the instructions that this jmp at 0x1400DC46D jumps to.
I've tried to undefine bytes and re-analyze the function but it then ends up will garbage. Any help would be appreciated
Answer: Sorry for the dumb question. A little bit of research could've solved this. Turns out undefining the E8 byte will solve your problem.


What is the difference between "into" and "onto"?

Question: I see both used, at times, almost interchangeably. What are the general guidelines?
Comment: To me the difference in usage is fairly clear, as a native speaker - but I can definitely accept that there are some subtleties here. Which ones, I would not know however. Perhaps you could give us a few examples where you're unsure? :)
Comment: Related: [Put "At" the Backseat or Put "Onto" the Backseat?](http://english.stackexchange.com/questions/2439/)
Comment: Just put on the backseat.
Answer: As reported by the NOAD, into has the following meanings:

expressing movement or action with the result that someone or something becomes enclosed or surrounded by something else. (Cover the bowl and put it into the fridge.)
expressing movement or action with the result that someone or something makes physical contact with something else. (He crashed into a parked car.)
indicating a route by which someone or something may arrive at a particular destination. (The narrow road that led down into the village.)
indicating the direction toward which someone or something is turned when confronting something else. (with the wind blowing into your face)
indicating an object of attention or interest. (a clearer insight into what is involved)
expressing a change of state. (a peaceful protest which turned into a violent confrontation)
expressing the result of an action. (They forced the club into a humiliating and expensive special general meeting.)
expressing division. (three into twelve equals four)
informal (of a person) taking a lively and active interest in something. (He's into surfing.)

onto means:

moving to a location on the surface of something. (They went up onto the ridge.)
moving aboard (a public conveyance) with the intention of traveling in it. (We got onto the train.)

As side note, in some cases it is correct to write onto, but in some cases it is correct to write on to.

You climbed onto the roof.
  Let's go on to the next chapter.
Answer: kiamlaluno's answer is comprehensive. A simplified answer is

put A into B

means A is somehow inside B and enclosed by it.

put A onto B

means B has a horizontal surface on top of which A now rests.
It's the difference between in and on.
Comment: It's actually just a flag bit in object B ;-P
Answer: You get into a cockpit and onto a highway. We go in to be able to say we were here but we are always the ones who move on to the next one.
Inside the cockpit, on top of the highway. We go in(side) (in order) to be able to say we did it; when you are ready to move on to something better let me know; I'll get you onto the waiting list.


How to print in Grayscale from 'Preview' on MAC OSX?

Question: I can't for my life figure this out?! The accepted answer here isn't helping me.
Answer: Found it! It was hidden in the depths of Preview printing options. Select Paper Type/Quality and it's under 'Color Options':

EDIT - Cullub
In OSX 10.10.3, Preview
Under Quality & Media.
Comment: I also have El Capitan and the only menu options I have are "preview", "layout", "color matching", "paper handling", "paper feed", "cover page" and  "supply levels". "Color matching" appears to be about encoding? None of the above have a grayscale checkbox. Could this be printer specific?
Comment: In El Capitan, I found it in _Image Options > Output Color > Black and White_. I'm glad OS X makes this consistent.
Comment: In Yosemite, I found it in *Imaging* rather than *Paper Type/Quality*.
Comment: ... And I found it in *Quality & Media* - A Check box at the bottom.
Comment: High Siera try  Preview > Print dialog > color settings > none.  You need to change it every time you print.  fyi: I'm able to greyscale print from Acrobat Reader DC to same printer
Answer: I have a strong feeling the cause of the variety of locations is due to the printer drivers themselves.
The drivers are provided by the manufacturers, even the ones included with the OS. I don't think they all follow the same human interface guidelines or don't make much of an attempt at uniformity.
Answer: For those of you who don't have the "Grayscale printing" option available on Canon printer: You can set this in "Canon IJ Printer Utility" app. You should be able to find it with Spotlight.
Answer: I am using an Epson printer on a Mac and the grayscale printing option does not show up in the preview app when the file is a jpeg, png, or other image.
When I convert the image to PDF, that option appears.
Comment: This does not provide an answer to the question. Once you have sufficient [reputation](https://superuser.com/help/whats-reputation) you will be able to [comment on any post](https://superuser.com/help/privileges/comment); instead, [provide answers that don't require clarification from the asker](https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/214173/why-do-i-need-50-reputation-to-comment-what-can-i-do-instead). - [From Review](/review/late-answers/1193345)


Multiple language node import with Feeds

Question: I am using Feeds to import a very huge CSV file with products to my Drupal Commerce site. My site must be in two languages and it appears that Feeds hasn't support for this. How can I import nodes in multiple languages with Feeds?
Answer: There was a fantastic Solution not so long ago that addressed something similar.
I believe that the best thing to to would to be to split each node into two nodes (one in Language A, one in Language B) and import each one in a separate feeds import, and then use the SQL query in the above solution to link the translation. This way, each node can contain otherwise identical information about the same item, in its own language, and simply be displayed based upon which translation the user/viewer would prefer.
Let us know how you go with the SQL script and if you have any issues that you need help with!
Comment: Waw! This solution works for me! Thank you very much!
Comment: Glad it helped.
Answer: I have not tried this but it looks like it should do what you need it to do - Feeds: Entity Translation.

This module adds support for importing data through Feeds into
  translatable fields handled by Entity Translation.
The module exposes fields that are translatable into all enabled
  languages, enabling the creation of translations of entities when
  importing.

It's still in dev, but give it a shot.
Answer: It is possible to achieve this without needing SQL queries. Feeds now had multilingual support for fields. Make sure you have a current version. Newer than a year ago, because of https://www.drupal.org/node/1183440
You can create two feeds, one for each language. In the processor you should set a common unique identifier as unique in both feeds. Also you can, for each field, set the language variant for that field and feed.
Make sure that the fields you want to translate have entity transltion enabled though!


Good campaigns for a small group?

Question: Are there any pre-made campaigns that are fairly simple and able to be played by a group of three people for D&D 3.5? My friends and I have a hard time getting a campaign that we can play, as it gets difficult quickly when we only have 2-3 characters. My price range would be fairly cheap; from free to $10 at most.  I would prefer a shorter campaign that would last a few 2-3 hour long sessions.
Comment: Welcome to Role-playing Games Stack Exchange! As this is a [tag:game-recommendation] question, please adhere to both the [FAQ] and the rules for subjective questions as outlined in [Good Subjective, Bad Subjective](http://blog.stackoverflow.com/2010/09/good-subjective-bad-subjective/) and on [our Meta](http://meta.rpg.stackexchange.com/a/1071/760).  In particular, all responses should be based on actual experience and contain references and examples whenever possible.
Comment: Do you have any other requirements for the campaign? In terms of price or length?
Comment: In terms of price I would rather it not be expensive, and in terms of length I would rather a somewhat short campaign, but long enough to last a few 2-3 hour long sessions (we play fairly slowly, 1 simple quest has been able to last us 3 hours.)
Comment: Please edit these requirements into your question.
Answer: When I started playing d20/3e D&D, I ran my friends through
The Crucible of Freya, and I remember it being a lot of fun. Frog God Games offers a version for 3.5e in PDF for $2.99 USD. Here's a good capsule review.
When Crucible was released, there was a free prequel adventure called "The Wizard's Amulet" that I ran first, and it really hooked my friends (that's why I bought Crucible of Freya). I couldn't find a conversion to 3.5e for sale anywhere, but a google search turned up many places where the original 3e version can be downloaded.
One caveat: there was a third adventure in the series called Tomb of Abysthor that really fell flat. On paper, it looks fantastic--especially if one of your players wants to RP a character turning into a paladin, but the actual adventure was a slog-and-a-half.
Comment: Good answer, I'll consider it. But for now I'll wait to see what others answer.
Comment: I didn't mention it in my answer because it doesn't fit your system requirements, but Frog God Games is selling the entire set of modules in the campaign using the Pathfinder system.
Answer: Keeping this away from "list of cool adventures", I think looking for specific small-group adventures might be the wrong tactic anyway. The right move would be to find a plot that the group will enjoy, and then go through the stat blocks and downscale as necessary.
Few pointers

Most adventures will give you the CR for the encounter - take that number, do the math to see what the actual CR would be for three characters, and then downsize accordingly to bring things back in line. (If they don't, you can get the number by just running the math for a 4-5 person party)
Money and treasure also needs to be downsized (mostly money). This is also a great time to tweak the particulars to suit your party.
Watch for encounters that assume skills you may not have. Adventures tend to assume you have the four basic Monster Food Groups (beatstick, arcane, divine, skill monkey). A three-person party will either be missing one area entirely (e.g. no rogue), or if multi-classing will be weak-ish in two of them. So you'll need to tweak the areas of the adventure that are looking for those skills or class abilities.
Following the above, consider some sort of "cheat" to cover the missing group. An NPC "hired help" for a fighter, that sort of thing. Ironically, while I would normally insist that a 3.5 party needs-needs-NEEDS a cleric, if you're willing to have a world where potions are cheap, that's often the easiest role to skip in a three-party.
Comment: linking to this summary from my answer as well. good job!
Answer: I want to be careful about turning the answers to this question into a list (which is a generally upheld no-no).
That said, I like @cr0m's answer as it certainly hits all the criteria you lay out in the question. My answer is going focus on "throttling" published campaigns for smaller groups and provide some starting points looking at other options.
Throttling
In my experience throttling is easily said, but more difficult in application, if only because many campaigns as published seek at least twice (2x) your group size, i.e., 4–6 players. As published also means that a "balance" is baked into the campaign along with level progression, magic item distribution, and wealth. Take any Piazo Adventure Path and play it with 2–3 players and assuming that the group makes it to the second installment without GM intervention, the characters will be rich—either from all the treasure or from selling all the excess—and possibly a menace...from a campaign that unexpectedly turned "Monty Haul."
My experience with Pathfinder GMing proves that much of the balance can be worked out in any published adventure mathematically in the CRs and ELs of the encounters directly and fairly to all involved.
See also pointers by Allen Gould for "throttling." As well as D20 Encounter Calculator, building on Encounter Design (p. 397-400) in Pathfinder.
Seed or Prime a Sandbox Campaign
Alternatively, try a Sandbox Campaign. I love sandbox campaigns as a GM and have started numerous campaigns just by outlining a major, possibly world changing, threat and seeding the first story arch with a smaller published adventure where the threat is introduced, possibly in person, and the characters choose to engage or chase this threat or threads of immediate satisfaction for character or background hook.
Sandbox Campaigns are more work for a nascent GM of course, but can be immensely satisfying for all involved. Moreover, as a GM the campaign is a growth engine for mastery of story telling and player engagement with characters. I highly recommend the Odyssey: The Complete Game Master's Guide to Campaign Management from Engine Publishing for veteran and new GMs of sandbox campaigns.
Conversion
Lastly, Adventure Paths are outside of the price criteria—six (6) installments at $16US each—so you will possibly want to turn to the OGL/PDF market. I think two specific channels will be of direct help: 1E/2E/3E conversion and the home-brew campaign efforts by a myriad of GMs. In the former, for example, The Temple of Elemental Evil, Against the Giants, and D1-D3, Q1 are now available as cheap PDFs on DriveThruRPG with fan-conversions to 3.5E readily had, the latter is a mixed bag of good and awful, but there exist both free and paid options on DriveThruRPG.

Good campaigns for a small group?


Clone sandbox with Encrypted fields

Question: When a sandbox with encrypted fields is cloned to another sandbox, do those fields carry over encrypted, with all the same encryption settings? Or are they returned to a normal state when utilizing Platform Encryption? I am not finding any Salesforce documentation specifically outlining the answer to this question.  I found this, however it mentions production --> Sandbox.  Rather than Sandbox --> Sandbox
Comment: did you try this and see what would happen?  My suspicion is that the encryption WILL transfer
Answer: During any org copy procedure, metadata is always copied identically from the source org, with one exception: if the Org ID is used anywhere, it is automatically updated to the new org's ID value. This includes email template, reports, custom labels, formulas, validation rules, and so on. Encrypted fields would also remain encrypted, as that is part of the org's metadata.
Comment: Pretty much spot on with this answer.
Comment: The sandbox was copied and this is the behavior I saw.  Thanks @sfdcfox

Clone sandbox with Encrypted fields


Can't use the Virtual Stick even though isVirtualStickControlModeAvailable returns true

Question: I am having a problem with the virtual sticks, the following is the problem.
The Virtual sticks fire the notification, the listener sends the proper values to the roll, pitch, yaw and throttle, the isVirtualStickControlModeAvailable method from the sdk returns true, when it returns true I use the command from the flight controller send which returns the completion error nil, which means I can not do anything else from there, actually I do not need to do anything else. The virtual Sticks are working in a timer as the sample simulator from DJI.
What can I do in my app?
 - Take off
 - Land
 - Give control back and forward to the RC
None of the list above brings me errors, including the process of the virtualStick.
What else did I try?
 - Run the sample simulator app from DJI, linked above.
 - Run the sample app on Android
 - Run using the Bridge APP (Thats how i know the values are being passed correctly, even though i added labels on screen to debug without the Bridge APP)
 - Update firmware from the aircraft and RC to the latest
 - Sample simulator IOS
 - Went back to previous working commits and branches on git
None of the things I have tried above worked.
Curious Stuf:
 - The virtual Sticks worked fine till Yesterday, and before yesterday, in many diferent branches and commits in multiple branches.
 - Reseting the Remote control, Executing Manual Linking and Linking through the DJI Official APP, and clearing the cache, memory sdcard made it work on Simulator Assistent DJI (Latest version) with a lot of interference, in the Sample apps on Android and IOS, and on my Swift 3 application. Then it had some interference, I tested outside on the real Aircraft, it was working beautifully.
 - Today, the same thing happens. Already did the whole testing above mentioned, the Android sample apps, IOS Sample Apps, the Simulator, Bridge, My application, Reset remote etc. And it does not work.
I would be really glad if someone could point me out the problem.
On this thread I explain partially the problem and what I have tried. http://forum.dev.dji.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=32729
Already sent an email to DJI support, still no answer.
Aircraft: Phanton 4.
Comment: Is your RC in P mode when you are trying this?
Comment: @aksh1t Yes, i did try all the modes.
Comment: Also i the documentation says, a frequency of 10hz, I am sending the values of the sticks in this frequency.
Answer: I have found the problem, it was the aircraft, I could get hands in a new aircraft, just pluged to the new RC linked to the new Aircraft, it worked with no problem.
Then I tested the new RC linking to the old aircraft, It did not work, then the Old RC with linked to the new Aircraft, it worked.
Answer: Glad you found the fix.
It might be worth it to update the firmware of the old aircraft.
You can do so using the DJIGo app or DJI Assistant software for desktop.


Laptop boot stuck on MBR 1FA

Question: I followed a guide to restore MBR. The reason for doing this was because I originally had a Sony vaio which has Windows on. I installed Linux on it then wanted to revert back to Windows and read that the way to do it was to restore MBR. So I did this now when I boot I am stuck on a black screen with one line saying "MBR 1FA:". I really need help, my laptop has been in this state for a while now. I was told to try and boot from gparted on a live USB but I was getting another error. Can anyone please help me out here
Comment: I don't quite understand.  Did you erase Windows when you installed Linux or did you create a dual boot system and now you want to remove Linux and keep an already installed copy of Windows?
Comment: I believe I removed Windows. When reading about restoring MBR I read that it would restore windows as that was the default. Is this not true? If not how can I get any kind of OS working on my laptop? Thanks for the reply
Comment: If you erased Windows and did not make a backup, then you need to buy a new copy of Windows. Some vendors may sell you for nominal cost an image copy of the recovery drive that was on your system. My new Dell wanted me to make both a Windows recovery and a Dell recovery which took several DVDs and flash drives.
Comment: Would I be able to boot into Linux from a USB from the state described?
Comment: Purchase the Restore Set for your Sony Vaio.  See [how can I get recovery disks for a SONY VAIO Model: PCV-A1111L VPCL111FX/B](https://community.sony.com/t5/VAIO-Upgrade-Backup-Recovery/how-can-I-get-recovery-disks-for-a-SONY-VAIO-Model-PCV-A1111L/td-p/110889).  Looks like you've got a problem.  See my answer....
Answer: @Harvey, that's why I asked you the question above.  Restoring MBR would restore the Windows boot record if you had created a dual boot system, which doesn't seem to be the case.
If you want to revert to Windows now, you must boot from the Windows installation DVD and do a brand new Windows installation.  Windows will fix your MBR error automatically.
Answer: Problem
Restoring the MBR does not restore the OS.  The OS exists on the partition, and you removed the partition, when you wrote over it with your Ubuntu install. That isn't your only problem though.  According to How Can I Get Recovery Disks for a SONY VAIO Model: PCV-A1111L VPCL111FX/B, which I also linked in the comment, you may or may not have a hard copy of your restore set, because you unknowingly didn't know you needed to create it.  In my Opinion, starting with Windows 8, all PC's contain UEFI, and USB is usable as a restore medium. As such, it now falls upon the end-users to create the restore set.
Solution
Since you can no longer create the restore set yourself, you must now buy a pre-made restore set.  I can tell you from personal experience that this works, as I restored an older Dell machine.  There are a couple of online retailers that sell the set you need to acquire:

Find a Restore Disk - RestoreDisks.com
Main Page - RecoveryDisks.com

Laptop boot stuck on MBR 1FA


What lots give the Beautiful Vista moodlet in Isla Paradiso?

Question: Isla Paradiso is the world included in the Island Paradise expansion pack for The Sims 3. What lots give the Beautiful Vista moodlet in that town, and what are the values? The only location I know of is 1 Alto Road, which gives a +30 moodlet.
Answer: In my experience, you can achieve "Beautiful Vista" just by having a "Beautifully Decorated" home with landscaping.
I have had "Beautiful Vista" at all my houses, regardless of the lot.
I think this may actually have something to do with the size of the house as well, since I have achieved "beautiful vista" before the rooms were "Beautifully Decorated".
Regardless, all my homes in Bridgeport, Sunset Valley, & my vacation homes in World Adventures, have had that moodlet.
Answer: Beautiful Vista is a place/lot attribute. Certain lots can provide the Beautiful Vista moodlet, these are usually found on some of the pre-packaged lots in the game. Bulldozing these lots will also remove the Beautiful Vista attribute and any new lots placed on that location will no longer provide the Beautiful Vista moodlet.
You can, however, modify the existing lot and place a home there. The game is a little finicky about the Beautiful Vista attribute when modifying lots, so be careful. It seems that most of these Beautiful Vista lots are found along the beach. I have found two of following to be "Beautiful Vistas":

15 Summer Hill Court (Sunset Valley)
345 Riverblossom Hills Drive (Riverview)
Comment: He's talkin' about a specific neighborhood, so this doesn't answer the question.
Comment: Ugh, that teaches me to answer questions three hours after I should be in bed.
Comment: Also, I believe your first point to be in error. You can in fact completely bulldoze the building on a Beautiful Vista lot and still receive the moodlet, even on the empty lot itself, and build from scratch with the same result. At least in the case of the known Isla Paradiso lots.
Comment: @Teryx I specified Bulldoze to refer to the Edit Neighborhood tool. The Beautiful Lot buff is an attribute on the lot directly that cannot be modified by in-game player tools. Choosing to bulldoze the lot (in neighborhood view) removes this attribute, but deleting existing buildings in build mode allows it to stick around.
Comment: @RavenDreamer You're mistaken, at least as of Island Paradise - it's possible that this feature was added in that expansion or a later patch. I was also referring to the Edit Neighbourhood tool, you can in fact bulldoze a lot and still receive the Beautiful Vista moodlet on the empty lot or on any subsequent structures you build on it. I know this from experience, as of yesterday, testing this on 1 Alto Road.
Comment: @Teryx Huh, then I'm glad EAxis got around to patching that. I don't own anything past Ambitions, so I'll defer to you in this.


Step 160 on Carousel 10257, white hinges not connecting?

Question: I'm struggling with step 160 where I use white "hinge" connectors to connect the carousel platform sections. It seems to create too much pressure and the platform breaks apart. Grateful for any tips.
Comment: If you share a photo of your model at step 159, someone who has the set might be able to identify if you've made a mistake.
Comment: @Craig That's a great suggestion. I wonder if a live build like this might also provide some insight: https://youtu.be/Qt1Zq-3sGrM?t=2h1m25s
Comment: Have you double checked your construction of each section, especially the positioning of the white edge bricks that the "hinge" connectors are adjacent to?
Comment: Your description is not very detailed, but maybe you just need to press the 12 tan trapezoidal assemblies together (radially) to reduce the circumfence. There shouldn't be any gaps between the bricks. (It's a little bit difficult to explain with words) As @Craig said, please share a photo of your model
Answer: There should be no pressure on any segment at this step. I fear as some people have commented that something is wrong with either the assembly or perhaps the manufacturing of the parts.
But, seeing as it sounds like this occurs with any of the 12 pieces, and it would be unrealistic to assume that all twelve hinges are malformed.
My guess is that the "underbelly" is set together in the wrong configuration, so I would inspect them all to check if they are all identical (in pairs ofc) and matches the guide. If assembly as you describe is possible but breaks, its possible that one of then are oversized.
Answer: I would go back and check just to make sure that you have done the last few steps right. If you still can't figure it out, look on either YouTube or Google and type "LEGO 10257 Carousel Not Working correctly". If there is nothing there, contact LEGO Customer Service and ask for help. Good Luck!


is it ok or right to downvote an answer just for formatting issues?

Question: I just answered a question. And the solution was right. Is it ok to downvote it just because it had some formatting issues ?
Comment: It is **always** ok to downvote. No matter the conditions.
Comment: How do you know it was because of formatting issues and not, say, because it was too short? Technically correct /= useful.
Comment: People can downvote for whatever reason they want. But yes formatting and styling are a common reason for downvotes.
Comment: "This isn't some grade-school essay contest where you get points just for completing the assignment - if your question or _answer_ isn't accessible and understandable by others, it's just noise..." ([Are the Downvoting police too active?](http://meta.workplace.stackexchange.com/a/2500/168))
Comment: The downvote was accompanied by a comment that downvoting because of formatting issues.
Comment: There was some extra spacing in the code which will have zero effect on the outcome.
Comment: I think in current shape post is not useful - "formatting issues" may mean a lot of things from missing space after dot to ALL-CAPS to completely invalid in some languages where whitespace is significant... Side note: It's holiday time in many places... so there is very small amount of downvoting going on - when everyone wake up expect more negative attention to "try this"/"it may help" explanations of the code/non-self-documented code-only answers and similar partial content...
Comment: Better would be to 1) edit your question and help you format your answer, or 2) comment to you to improve your formatting up to standards. If going the latter route and no response within a reasonable period of time, then yeah, I'd down-vote.
Comment: @TinyGiant I totally disagree with your comment, most popular though it might seem. It is never ever ok to downvote for a disingenuous reason, such as personal professional advancement ahead of someone else or because you are in a bad mood at the time etc. If you honestly dislike it and you have genuine reasons or even just a 'feeling' like it's a bad question/answer that's different. But if you like or enjoy a question/answer or feel it is useful etc always upvote it. If you're not bothered leave it be.
Comment: @Peter you can do whatever you like with your votes, as long as you aren't voting in a manner that can be considered fraudulent or serial. That is why they are anonymous. Before you get into what the reason behind someone else's downvote is, ask yourself "self, is there any possible way to know why someone downvoted something without a fancy mind reading device?". Undoubtedly, the answer is going to be a resounding "self, no". Vote, or not, for whatever reason you feel applies, if you even care to apply reasoning to your voting.
Comment: I usually consider mind reading to be simply the parsing of meta-data. Like a system of tells. I don't think you need a device, other than your own mind and original senses... The entire cosmos is a network of nodes; though distance and complexity may worry your data, I see no necessary problem with being able to intuit by whom, or why, your post was downvoted. Though perhaps it's a rare skill. In any case I wouldn't personally disingenuously down-vote. Others may get varying millage on this issue.
Answer: You're free to do what you like with your votes, but I personally wouldn't have downvoted for that reason.
The main thing that downvotes are meant to reflect are answer quality.  If the answer is useful, it's ideal to upvote it.  You even claim yourself that this answer is correct, but it has a formatting issue.  Just because it's not formatted in a certain way doesn't make it wrong.  It might make it less desirable to look at, but it's not wrong.
The more preferable thing to do in this case would be to edit the answer so that its formatting is more presentable.
Again, as I said before, you can vote however you like, but if the answer is right, I don't see why it would be deserving of a downvote.  A bit of spit and polish, sure, but a downvote...
Comment: @gnat:  Personal penchant:  if I can understand the answer *and* make it *more* understandable, simply downvoting isn't constructive.  I feel that I could just edit it into shape.  But I suppose not everyone has the same opinion.
Comment: http://meta.workplace.stackexchange.com/a/2500/168


hardware infrastructure for public web application

Question: I'd like to start a free budget/personal finance site and will need plenty of horsepower and storage.  I'm definitely a nubee, so how does one get started in terms of hardware infrastructure?  Do I need to get a dedicated IP from my ISP and obtain my own servers?  Do I go with amazon or Sql Server Data Services/Azure or something like that?  Is the latter services free or a discount offering available to non-profit/free services such as the budget/personal finance site I'm looking to start?
Answer: If you don't mind writing your web application in python, then I's suggest using Google App Engine. See: What Is Google App Engine?
Answer: What I like to do when I have new ideas for a site is to find an inexpensive hosting solution ($10 per month).  This allows me to test the idea and see if the site is going to be successful.  If it is a flop, I haven't wasted much money and if it is successful I can upgrade to better hosting (dedicated server).
There are many hosting options available and several of them have great tools such as an online SQL Server management studio.  Your other option would be to host it yourself if you are prepared to deal with firewall issues, backups, storage, etc.
Answer: Whether it is feasible to DIY varies a lot by country...if you have a decent broadband connection with a fixed IP this can be the cheapest route to play around with first, especially if you need an awful lot of storage.
Note however that many fast broadband connections are only fast for downloads - when you're running a server, the speed your users will see is the upload speed, which is usually a lot less. Also, you'll need to do your own admin and backup etc.
Apart from this most hosting options have a price tag on top, varying from virtual hosts (sharing a real machine), to colocation (your machine in somebody's data center), to cloud services like amazon et al (which have a good scaling ability)- and you will need to shop around for the software stack and hardware features you really need.
Answer: There's really two ways to answer this question, what differentiates them is budget.
One is to properly design this solution, prototype it, benchmark the prototype, extrapolate anticipated user load, add overhead and scale accordingly. This takes time, costs but gives you a supportable solution that serves your customers well.
The other is to just give something, anything a go and fix the problems as they come along. This is quicker and cheaper but might be a headache for a while and might p*** off your customers.
Basically it comes down to budget.
Best of luck.


Touch bar disappeared in Macbook Pro 2019

Question: Bought a new Macbook Pro 13 Inch 2019 with touch bar. It came with Mojave, I upgraded to Catalina after initial setup. Touch bar was working fine before and than after installing some applications, I noticed the touch bar disappeared and it was dark black.
I did SMC reset and everything and it didn't came back. So I did Factory reset by erasing the drive and installing back OS. After erasing Catalina was the again the OS and touch bar didn't came back.
I tried to start the processing again of factory reset again with the process to reintall OS that came with the device but again it showed me to reinstall Catalina instead of Mojave so I did this and again there was no touch bar.
I tried to search for Touchbar in running processes and its not there.
Can anyone please advise what could go wrong and if there is a solution for this?
Comment: If you have to keep "factory resetting" then there's a bigger problem.  When you said you "search for Touchbar in running processes" what exactly did you search for?
Comment: @Allan I just types "Touch" and there was no process running on activity monitor.
I have one more exactly similar device and when I search for it gives me "TouchBarServer". The second device is running Mojave
Comment: Go into terminal and type the commands `sudo pkill "Touch Bar Agent"` and `sudo pkill ControlStripAgent`. That will reset them.  To see if they are running, type `ps -A | grep -i "touch bar agent"` and `ps -A | grep -i "controlstrip"`
Comment: @Allan just did this again based on your advise. used both pkill commands and than ran command to see if they are running
I see
548 ttys028 0:00.00 grep -i touch bar agent
550 ttys028 0:00.00 grep -i controlstrip

And touch bar is still black
Answer: The Touch Bar on Apple's MacBook Pro line of laptops is a capactive touch display not unlike the screen in an iPhone; it's just much longer and thinner.  This means it's susceptible to all of the same ailments that plague every other touch screen display - cracked/broken LCD, touch no longer functioning, blank display, etc.  Some are obvious (i.e. a cracked screen) and others not so obvious; like a blank or non-responsive screen.
In this case, a blank Touch Bar could be either software or hardware.  So, to determine what the issue is, you need to go through a process of elimination.

Eliminate software as the cause. (See link for steps).  The idea here is to get to a "clean" environment by eliminating as many 3rd party apps, kexts, configurations, etc. that could be causing an issue.  You want to follow these steps so you don't go through the trouble of reinstalling macOS.  There's no point in expending the time, effort and risking data for something that won't work.  Booting into Safe Mode or Recovery Mode has the same benefits of reinstalling without the extra hassle.
It's likely hardware.  There a very good chance that the hardware has failed in some way.  It could be the display itself, the  driver (not software), or even the T1/T2 chip (drives the Touch Bar). Unfortunately, there's no easy DIY way to diagnose it.  Since the entire top case assembly must be disassembled to get to it, the usual fix is just to replace the top case with a new one.
Bottom line, it needs to go in for service.

Note:  the fingerprint reader (Touch ID sensor) is located adjacent to the display and both are behind a single pane of glass.  It's not uncommon for folks to believe that the Touch Bar must be working because Touch ID still works.  No; they are two completely different components, but since the T1/T2 chip handles security, it's a good bet that the chip is not at fault for the ailing Touch Bar.
Comment: Thanks @allan for the detailed response, unfortunately it looks like in my case its the hardware failure. I have tried all software fix even reinstalling macOS with the default version the device came with, all failed.
Answer: <code>sudo pkill TouchBarServer
</code>
link to a similar question


Display different pages in same page view web part

Question: I have a normal sharepoint page, on it I have a page viewer web part that views a page, what I want to be able to do is create 2 links on the page, when each link is displayed it shows a different page in the same page viewer.  I am pretty new to code so any assistance greatly recieved
Answer: The pageviewer webpart is basically an iframe. So what I would do is create a JavaScript/jQuery function that triggers on click of your links. The script should update the iframe src.
Look here for a similar question
https://stackoverflow.com/q/3730159/4699406


Why is entropy of gas reamains constant during adiabatic expansion?

Question: In adiabatic compression, we add energy to the gas via piston and decrease volume. Now the increase in energy and decrease in volume will cause increase and decrease in entropy respectively, but it turns out(according to the books) that the entropy of gas remains unchanged. How to prove it mathematically? Although I know that energy given in adiabatic process is zero but the energy is given indirectly via piston and that confuses me.
Answer: We measure change in entropy according to the following integral from state 1 to 2:
$$dS = \int_1^2 \frac{dQ}{T} $$
For adiabatic change $dQ = 0$ from 1 to 2
Therefore the integral becomes
$$dS = \int_1^2 \frac{0}{T} $$
Since $dS=0$, no entropy change from 1 to 2.
What might be confusing you is whether the Piston itself is able to conduct heat. When we define an adiabatic system, by definition the walls and the piston itself are not able to transfer energy in the form of thermal energy (heat). But only in terms of mechanical energy (work).
We can expect the piston to be built of a thermally insulating material although this doesn't happen practically.


does Google app engine have an equivalent to I AM from aws?

Question: I am trying to decide between using aws and Google app engine for a few web service and application implementations. I know this seems like a minor detail among many larger differences, but it makes quite an impact on my decision. I am not able to find any details on how GAE handles authentication if you don't want to use Google authentication. As far as I can tell you'd be expected to set up and maintain your own user credential sets which is a lot of work and a lot of liability
Answer: There is at least one other built-in authentication option other than Google Accounts:  OpenID.  You have to do a bit more work, e.g. provide a servlet that does the external provider signin.
Answer: Sounds like comparing oranges and apples to me.
AWS is mostly an infrastructure as a service (IaaS), which means that it provides you computing resources (servers) and you host your applications there, directly managing that resources (files, CPUs, packages, etc.) You stay responsible for security, scalability, stability, etc.
GAE is a platform as a service (PaaS), which means that you give them a packaged application (<code>.WAR</code> file, for example) and they run it. You don't know and don't control which servers are doing this job, how much CPU/RAM they have, etc. GAE is responsible for security, scalability, etc.
In both options you can authenticate users in different ways, including Google+ OAuth.
Answer: IAM  is for accesing the amazon resources as an admin, not as the app user, and you need to have a aws account, just like appengine where you can add app admin users with a google account,  with owner or dev roles. Iam gives you finer controls though.


Will 5x5 build strength and size?

Question: Will using the "5x5" formula will build size and strength at same time?
Comment: Yes. Why do you think it might not?
Answer: There are a few 5x5 formulas out there, the first that I'm aware of being Bill Starr's.
The "madcow 5x5" variant was initially set up as modded version for body builders, with the power clean being replaced by barbell rows.
Fundamentally, between those two and all the others you still end up with a basic formula of Monday:Volume / Wednesday:Light / Friday:Heavy . Most of the changes between the different 5x5 programs are switching out cleans for deadlifts, incline for flat bench, or other things of that sort. The weekly schedule, and ~2.5% weekly increase in weights is the same.

Will using the "5x5" formula will build size and strength at same
  time?

I don't see how that's not possible, unless you're already pretty big and pretty strong in which case an intermediate program might not be enough for you. By that I mean you can squat maybe 3x your bodyweight, or something else ridiculously up there.
The only caveat I'd provide is that you tend to not be very lean when doing these. Your whole goal is to make your numbers, so you will (and should) error on the side of too many calories. Not stupid-too-many, but being on a strict diet of water and broccoli isn't going to cut it.
It's hard to say how anyone's body will respond to a training program, but imagine pulling 600lbs off the ground in a deadlift: you'll be pretty damn big and pretty damn strong, and the road to there is with progressive overload lifting programs like 5x5 (and 5/3/1, Texas method, etc).
Answer: To answer that question requires some basic understanding on how muscles grow.  Strengtheory has a good article that provides the basics.  The short answer is that it depends.
Whether 5x5 will build strength and muscle for you depends on:

Your genetics
Your training maturity
Whether the weight is heavy enough to cause fatigue
How well you manage your recovery

If you are a beginner, then the good news is:

Almost anything you do will increase strength and size.

As you mature as a lifter, it gets increasingly more difficult to focus on both size and strength.  There's several general programs out there that will give you general results, and many of them focus more on the strength side than the hypertrophy side.
If you are intermediate to advanced, then the bad news is:

You'll have to pick a training focus and use periodization to leverage the results.

You'll find that many strength competitors in this situation will use an "off season" to focus on hypertrophy and just look for a mental break from trying to keep adding weight on the bar.  As they get closer to a competition, the training focus moves more towards strength.  This is most common in Strongman, but also very common in Powerlifting.  Many competitors will also take some time off from the weight room and just work on general physical preparedness for a couple months.
Bottom Line
Too much in strength training depends on several factors that you can never truly be emphatic on most answers.  There's nothing magic about 5x5 or 3x5.  They are good for general purpose volume, and help in both strength and size (provided the weight is heavy enough) for a large number of people.  There's always people who can get decently strong but struggle to add size.  There's also always people who pretty much get stuck at a certain weight.
Most beginner 5x5 programs are geared for short term gains in strength, and then you start working with a different program.  3 months on a beginner program should be plenty, and then you can slow down how agressively you attempt to add on more weight.

Will 5x5 build strength and size?


Build Rsync for Android

Question: I have downloaded rsync from http://rsync.samba.org/
anyone knows how to compile the source code to be deployed in an Android Device?
Answer: You can compile without the NDK assuming you statically link. This works for me on Ubuntu 13.04 Raring Ringtail.
Install the cross compiler:
sudo apt-get install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi

Download rsync:
wget http://rsync.samba.org/ftp/rsync/rsync-3.0.9.tar.gz
tar -zxv -f rsync-3.0.9.tar.gz
cd rsync-3.0.9

Compile with the cross compiler, using static linking:
./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabi CFLAGS="-static"
make

You'll get some warnings along the lines of Using X in statically linked applications requires at runtime the shared libraries from the glibc version used for linking. But so far, rsync has worked for me.
And finally, install to your phone (assumes you are using SSHDroid):
scp -P 2222 rsync root@$PHONE_IP:/data/data/berserker.android.apps.sshdroid/dropbear

Comment: Note that you have to move the binary to /data (e.g., /data/local/tmp) and make it executable (chmod 0777 rsync) before it will run.
Comment: what is the  binary .can you help me  http://stackoverflow.com/questions/22529567/compile-the-rsync-source-code-and-deploy-it-to-android-device
Comment: I am curious if you got rsync to work on Android? Does it still work? Can you sync your photos/ videos easily to a server this way?
Answer: You'll need the Android NDK found here
There are examples included on the web page and download of how to compile C code for Android.
From the NDK Website:

The NDK provides:
A set of tools and build files used to generate native code libraries
  from C and C++ sources
  A way to embed the corresponding native
  libraries into an application package file (.apk) that can be deployed
  on Android devices A set of native system headers and libraries that
  will be supported in all future versions of the Android platform,
  starting from Android 1.5. Applications that use native activities
  must be run on Android 2.3 or later. Documentation, samples, and
  tutorials

I did also find this if it's close to what you want to achieve.
Comment: Thanks for your quick reply.  I already downloaded NDK.  What I am trying to do is to compile rsync source codes into an executable binary so that i could invoke this binary inside java codes.
Comment: If I understand you correctly you don't want to compile a library but make an executable file. I think this is quite difficult to achieve and personally I would see if I could make the code into a library and use it that way. I'm included some links and info in my answer above.
Comment: hi kerubu, sorry i didnt notice the second link of your answer.  I also stumbled upon on that site. but I end up compiling  the codes using the NDK provided cross-compilers. Thanks.

Build Rsync for Android


Can you use more than 1 PP to increase Temporary HP from the Toughened Suit feat?

Question: Can you use more than 1 PP to increase Temporary HP an Aegis gets from the Toughened Suit feat? If so, is the Aegis still limited to spending no more PP than their manifester level?
Answer: No.
A triggered effect is a singular, one-time event that occurs in response to another event. This isn't defined anywhere to my knowledge (unlike, say, Magic: The Gathering), but it's just the reality of what the English used here (and myriad other places) means. If you want to trigger this effect again, you have to form your astral suit again—which requires you to first dismiss it, ending the previous set of temporary hit points.
Additionally, you are not allowed to spend more than 1 power point in a given triggering of this effect—nothing in the effect's description says you can do that. It says you can spend 1 power point, not any number of power points, and it says you get a certain number of temporary hit points, not a certain number per power point spent. So the deal is always 1 power point for \$y\$ thp, not \$x\$ power points for \$x\times y\$ thp.
As for your final question, technically speaking, you are limited to spending no more power points than your manifester level only for the purpose of manifesting powers—that's where that rule is written, and how that rule is described. This, however, is something I view as a technicality; there aren't many open-ended non-power options for spending power points, but if you found one, I would assume it is limited to your manifester level unless the GM says otherwise. The empath medium archetype I wrote for Dreamscarred Press offered a non-power option that cost power points, and I explicitly stated that more power points than one's manifester level could be spent for that—because I felt that without that statement, people would rule you could not and that would ruin the way the archetype works.
Comment: Goo to know,. Thank you for always giving a good definitive answer to my fave PRG nitch of Psionics. Its not the end of the world, any THP is good buffer as any DR x/-


Furnace end bell burned out twice in 4 years

Question: We moved into a house with a 12 year old goodman (Xenon brand but I was told goodman parts) and two end bells on the furnace fan motor have burned out now (I know from the old owners receipts it happened before). The folks who repaired can't tell me why...that I seem to have a lemon. I use MERV 11 filters, have the furnace cleaned annually and vents cleaned last year. Any thoughts on what might cause this and anything I could look into so we don't have this happen again. @chris mentions airflow potentially...how do I know if Adjustments are needed?
Also, I read that the newer furnace filters MERV 11 and under have good airflow...is there a way to test my system for airflow and how the filter way to affecting this? I can easily change air filters if that is this is the consensus though.
I don't know if this means anything or not, but we also have water dripping out of the air return during the air conditioning season...I thought I heard repairman say that fan speed could be adjusted to fix this...any ideas?
Comment: What model is this, and are you talking about a bearing burning out, or something else?
Comment: I wonder if someone "opened up" the ductwork so that you are moving more air than designed, and drawing more current - in general overloading the motor. It's a common error when someone who does not truly understand starts messing with the system balancing dampers.
Comment: To clarify, it is an ECM motor and I saw (and smelled) the end bell when it burned out. I will certainly ask my repair man about decreasing the aurflow setting if you think that is a concern...no one has mentioned this.
Comment: You can't/shouldn't decrease the airflow setting, as that would mean not enough air is passing over the heating element or burner.  That would decrease efficiency and risk damaging another part.  You MUST decrease the amount of work the motor has to do by using a higher-airflow filter, as suggested by @chris.
Answer: It sounds like you have an ECM "constant flow" blower that ramps up output as high as necessary to maintain the set airflow (aka an ECM constant torque motor).  A MERV 11 filter is too restrictive for most residential systems.  In this case, the motor would compensate for the restrictive filter by running harder and hotter to maintain the airflow.  Switch to a MERV 8 filter (it's still a pretty good filter).  If your system delivers more airflow than you need, then also set the airflow selector switches in the furnace to a lower setting.  Obviously the air filter should also be changed regularly before it becomes plugged or the blower will again ramp up to a very high level to compensate.
EDIT; Specifics related to OP's situation:
It turns out OP has a very high performance MERV 11 filter which if correctly matched to the system might be OK.  The stamp on the side of the filter states "Airflow Capacity up to 1400 CFM."  In reality I would expect this to mean this filter might be successfully employed on a system with a 3 ton cooling capacity (3 tons / 1200 cfm).  It would not work for a larger system.
I found more detailed information on an air cleaner that uses OP's media here:
http://www.cleancomfort.com/assets/Brochures_SpecSheets/Filtration/SS-AM11-3225.pdf
The referenced unit above uses two (2) AMP-M1-1056 filters and therefore handles twice the airflow of OP's setup.  In my experience a pleated filter is near its end of life when the static pressure drop reaches about 0.2" WC.  Looking at the "AM11-3225-5 Pressure Drop vs. Air Flow Rate" chart on page 2, one sees 0.2" static pressure loss corresponds to 2600 CFM for two filter cartridges when new.  So according to this chart, 1300 CFM would be the max airflow through OP's one cartridge when new and if one were to run the filter at that high a flow it would need to be changed very frequently (at least monthly?) because it would become more restrictive as it filled with particles.
My conclusion:  If OP's system does not exceed 3 tons / 1200 CFM and OP changes the filters monthly (normal intervals of 3-6 months are plausible if the system is 2 tons / 800 CFM or smaller) then the existing setup is probably OK.  Otherwise switch to something less restrictive.
Comment: Just to chime in, this is exactly right.  Your filter is the problem.  I have been scolded by two different HVAC guys due to wanting to go above a MERV 8 in a residential system.  Two dogs... dust by the pound... you get the idea.  Let some air move through your system and use a filter with better flow.
Comment: We use Aprilaire No. 201 pleated paper filter elements which supposedly  have a MERV 10 rating, but the blower motor in our middle quality Carrier HVAC has lasted 24 years.  I suppose it has a standard motor rather than an ECM constant torque. Some of these innovations have unexpected negative consequences.
Comment: So, I asked my repair guy to bring a lower MERV rating filter and he said the fan didn't burn out, the end bell that controls the voltage on the fan burned. So, any ideas?  Still the filter? Thanks
Comment: The end bell is more of a variable speed drive and not just a voltage control.  It is cooled by the airflow moved by the fan and it does operate hotter when the fan is used to move air against a restriction.  High heat kills electronics faster than windings.  Mystery to me why the repair guy is balking at this concept.  Yes I still think a MERV 8 fitler is the correct choice along with setting the blower airflow lower if your duct work permits that.  Here's a youtube url on basic ECM motor construction: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Q5mm1Nqx9U
Comment: BTW, not all "MERV 8" filters are equivalent.  The MERV rating measures the particle size removed and not the restrictiveness of the filter per-se.  In general a MERV 8 is somewhat restrictive and a MERV 11 is significantly more restrictive, but there are "high capacity" MERV 8 filters that are less restrictive than standard MERV 8 filters.  They have more surface area (higher pleat count).  Also, 2" pleated filters are typically less restrictive than 1" pleated filters if a system accepts 2" thickness.  A 2" pleated standard capacity MERV 8 is my usual selection.
Comment: @pbarrinis - regarding reducing the airflow setting.  This cannot be changed blindly.  Someone will need to measure the airflow with a meter and verify that the airflow is set appropriately for the system.  Having the airflow set higher than necessary is a waste of energy and is more work for the blower, but having the airflow set too low is also a problem.
Comment: Thanks Chris...exactly the info I was looking for! I have a deep filter now (maybe 5" thick) MERV 11 and will swap out for the same thickness MERV 8. Thanks again for clarifying this.
Comment: To clarify, the old system was for an electronic air filter which now fits a thick 5" or so deep air filter. The deep pleat MERV 11 is what I was going to replace for the MERV 8 if this is what is needed. Any recommends on this type of filter (brand or specifics for a less restrictive kind)?
Comment: A 5" thick deep pleat MERV 11 is a specialty filter.  It may be a high capacity filter and if so it would be less restrictive than a typical MERV 11.  The supplier for these should have airflow specs on the media they are selling and how it compares to a typical 2" MERV 8.  If in doubt, measure the current being drawn by the blower with its present setup and compare it to its max rating and see how much less it draws with a less restrictive MERV 8 filter you select.  Blowers are often intended to run at around 75% of the motor's maximum rating.
Comment: I cannot tell you about brand.  Metro areas often have specialty air filter supply houses and that's what I use if I have that option.
Comment: Filter says"airflow capacity up to 1400 CFM". Do you still think it should be decreased to MERV 8? I don't know this specialty filter compares...
Thanks @chris!
Comment: @Moni - please see my revised answer above.  If you want something better please hire a local professional who knows how to check airflow and blower power consumption.
Comment: Great thanks Chris. I think I'll have someone come in and look at this. Thanks again for your assistance!


Salesforce as a Data Source

Question: I'm completely new to salesforce platform. I'm yet to explore most of the features salesforce does have. Here, I'm trying to develop a mobile application which can display articles created over the Knowledge integrated into my developer salesforce instance. Say I have created one article with some data in it. Now I want to expose this data through some API suported by the salesforce platform. I figured out that salesforce supports REST, which is my preferred type of API since I'm planning to develop it for Android, and JSON will be my preferred data structure. Can salesforce experts shed some light into this? How should I go about the project.
Answer: Salesforce provides an excellent array of options for this starting from their excellent Platform Mobile Services site, where depending on your architecture preferences for your mobile client application you can choose an appropriate of SDK type. As you've pointed out, either way the Salesforce REST API is key aspect. These SDK's provide access to this API and the required authentication support.

The SDK's provide additional support and ease of use for accessing Salesforce various platform features, if your a seasoned mobile developer you may want to just refer to the SDK source code an integrate what you need. This is what the documentation has to say about the features it offers.

The Mobile SDK seamlessly integrates with the Force.com cloud architecture by providing:
• SmartSync Data Framework for accessing Salesforce data through JavaScript
• Secure offline storage
• Data syncing for hybrid apps
• Implementation of Force.com Connected App policy that works out of the
  box
• OAuth credentials management, including persistence and refresh
  capabilities
• Wrappers for Salesforce REST APIs
• Libraries for building native iOS and Android applications
• Containers for building hybrid applications

The Knowledge objects are accessed, the same way as other objects/tables in Salesforce via the REST API once the application has authenticated.
Comment: I have infact seen this one. Why would I need another SDK, if I can get the REST API for building apps with? Also, the sample app provided seems to use some other API and not the Knowledge API. Can you elaborate your answer a bit regarding Knowledge Module as I asked in the question, please?
Comment: Sure, the Knowledge objects are actually access simply via the REST API, you can probably create your own local client side library for these if you want, however there is nothing prebuilt for those objects.
Answer: http://www.salesforce.com/us/developer/docs/knowledge_dev/salesforce_knowledge_dev_guide.pdf
Above is the knowledge developer API guide and please refer chapter 4 (Second half).All the REST API's provided by salesforce related to knowledge module is discussed in depth.

Also using salesforce SDK will mean lot of time saving as
already the code for the authentication using oauth is taken care .
There will be a sample project already built and that would
demonstrate how simple its is to get started .

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQ1Pyw0bWzw

For offline capabilities te Mobile SDK has smartsync (smart store)
which will securely store data in offline and its easy to write logic
to start sync of the data once the device is online .
There are various templates(Native or hybrid) that would help in
building UI faster .

For testing this i would recommend using workbench as this will save time in analysing how the response will look like .

Salesforce as a Data Source


Archiving digital photos while keeping thumbnails on the original computer

Question: I'm running out of space on my laptop hard drive and will have to move some of my photos to a portable hard disk or burn them to DVD. Is there a way to keep thumbnails of the photos that I've archived on my laptop, to allow me to search and view them? This way I could save space and then pull the original photo out of my archive if I wanted the original file.
Answer: Any decent Digital Asset Management software will do this - it will allow you to index and catalog photos (including a small thumbnail) using its database while the actual files themselves may live on external media (that doesn't need to be attached).
Examples of programs which do this include:

Adobe Photoshop Lightroom
Apple Aperture
Extensis Portfolio
Expression Media
Comment: Does Lightroom let you archive off the RAW images, but keep the image searchable in the main catalog?
Comment: Yes, once you've cataloged an image in Lightroom you can detach that media (remove a DVD, unplug a hard drive, etc) and the image thumbnail and metadata remains accessible/searchable from Lightroom.  If you end up wanting to make any actual edits to the image, you'll need the source media at that point.
Answer: I've made a Python script called thumbtree for this purpose. It makes a "copy" of directory with images, keeping the structure and file names, but scaling down all the images. I then keep the lower resolution version on my laptop. When I add some pictures to the archive, I just rerun the script and it updates the low-resolution copy.
Answer: I use ThumbsPlus from Cerious software. It stores the thumbnails in a database, with tags and other information. Set the thumbnail size to 200x200 or so if you really want to be able to figure out what you had.
I'd keep a local set of the photos downsized to screen resolution and highly jpeg compressed on the laptop as another option. This might allow you to have all of them accessible.
Another thing would be to get one of the 320Gb USB powered drives that are now less than US$80 everywhere, and put your photos on that.


Add external Jar file to Play 2.0.4

Question: Because Play Framework does not support Cassandra and to avoid build problems with Play project thus I made a Java project (Based on Kundaru's work) and named it KConnector, in the KConnector project, there are some external libraries (Kundaru's jar files) thus I exported the project as a runnable Jar file (If I exported to Jar file only, it wouldn't pack external libs). Then by following Instruction, I create a Playproject/lib folder then put a built jar file inside that. The problem is I cannot call classes inside the KConnector jar file....
Eclipse could not recognize what they are and it suggested me some imports, but none of them is mine...Can anybody please show mw where I were wrong?
P/S: I also tried running play ec or play compile but there was no hope... Even I ran play ec, the file in lib also disappeared to Eclipse...
Thank you very much.
Comment: Try running the eclipsy command again once the files are in the dir
Answer: I use play 2.0.4 and I use an external jar, I created a lib folder inside the project, added the jar in this folder, run 'eclipsify' command and refresh the project in eclipse and I don't have problem.
Comment: is your `lib` at the same level as `app`, `conf`, and `tests`?
Comment: Yes, the lib folder has same level as app, conf and tests. I just try, it works ^^
Answer: Right click on the project and select "Configure Build Path..."
Under libraries click "Add external jar"
Select your jar in the file system and you should be all set

Add external Jar file to Play 2.0.4


APC OpCode - apc.filters - Excluding a directory from cache

Question: I have recently implemented APC on my KnownHost SSD VPS and it is working very well (WordPress sites).
One thing I would like to do is exclude a directory (or directories) from the cache.
I have read the documentation on apc.filters, and it seems confusing to me on whether directories or just file types can be excluded. I have also done extensive searching on the web, and have not found a working example of excluding a directory.
I have tried numerous variations for apc.filters, and have yet to find one that will exclude my directory.
So if my directory is located on this path in the server:
/home/my_user/public_html/my_directory
What would the correct value be for apc.filters to exclude the "my_directory" sub-directory?
Answer: Moved from the question
UPDATE: I found the answer (with help from KnownHost)
The correct syntax to exclude one directory is:
apc.filters = "-my_directory/.*";

Multiple directories are:
apc.filters = "-my_directory/.*,-my_directory2/.*";

I hope this can help someone out there, as I could not get it right, or find any information on it.
Thanks
In the interest of complete information, here are my APC runtime settings:
apc.cache_by_default    1
apc.canonicalize    1
apc.coredump_unmap  0
apc.enable_cli  0
apc.enabled 1
apc.file_md5    0
apc.file_update_protection  2
apc.filters
apc.gc_ttl  3600
apc.include_once_override   0
apc.lazy_classes    0
apc.lazy_functions  0
apc.max_file_size   2M
apc.mmap_file_mask  /tmp/apc.XXXXXX
apc.num_files_hint  3000
apc.preload_path
apc.report_autofilter   0
apc.rfc1867 0
apc.rfc1867_freq    0
apc.rfc1867_name    APC_UPLOAD_PROGRESS
apc.rfc1867_prefix  upload_
apc.rfc1867_ttl 3600
apc.serializer  default
apc.shm_segments    1
apc.shm_size    512M
apc.slam_defense    0
apc.stat    1
apc.stat_ctime  0
apc.ttl 7200
apc.use_request_time    1
apc.user_entries_hint   4096
apc.user_ttl    7200
apc.write_lock  1

Comments from other users suggest that it may also be necessary to set apc.cache_by_default=0


How to install specific versions of Google Chrome / Chromium?

Question: I'm looking for standalone packages for Google Chrome / Chromium which can be extracted and used as binaries for my Selenium test suite.
How do I go about such a thing?
Comment: Relevant Question: [Download older versions of Google Chrome for Linux](http://stackoverflow.com/q/11408325/1254292)
Answer: I ran into the issue of being required to run a specific version of Chrome on Linux to reproduce a bug that was reported to me. As at the time, the official downloads didn't offer this version any longer (and searching for a solution didn't give me one, I asked here). I have received a very helpful answer there, which liked to https://www.chromium.org/getting-involved/download-chromium
I'll copy/paste the relevant steps from that page here:

Downloading old builds of Chrome / Chromium
Let's say you want a build of Chrome 44 for debugging purposes. Google
  does not offer old builds as they do not have up-to-date security
  fixes.
However, you can get a build of Chromium 44.x which should mostly
  match the stable release.  Here's how you find it:

Look in https://googlechromereleases.blogspot.com/search/label/Stable%20updates for the last time "44." was mentioned.
Loop up that version history ("44.0.2403.157") in the Position Lookup
In this case it returns a base position of "330231". This is the commit of where the 44 release was branched, back in May 2015. (see footnote)
Open the continuous builds archive
Click through on your platform (Linux/Mac/Win)
Paste "330231" into the filter field at the top and wait for all the results to XHR in.
Eventually I get a perfect hit: https://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/chromium-browser-snapshots/index.html?prefix=Mac/330231/
  -- Sometimes you may have to decrement the commit number until you find one.
Download and run!

footnote: As this build was made at 44 branch point, it does not have any commits merged in while in beta.  Typically that's OK, but if you need
  a true build of "44.0.2403.x" then you'll need to build Chromium from
  the 2403 branch. Some PortableApps/PortableChromium sites offer
  binaries like this, due to security concerns, the Chrome team does not
  recommend running them.
Answer: "The open-source Chromium continuous builds are archived at http://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/chromium-browser-continuous/index.html  .". source: https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/forum/#!topic/chromium-discuss/Z-UroWhOhX0
Comment: Link is dead now
Answer: Standalone packages for Google Chrome can be found at the following links:

64bit Ubuntu
http://www.google.com/chrome/thankyou.html?hl=en&platform=linux_ubuntu_x86_64
32bit Ubuntu
http://www.google.com/chrome/thankyou.html?hl=en&platform=linux_ubuntu_i386
Source: Google Product Forums

For development, you may however prefer to download and build Chromium. Chromium.org documents this process for you here, with the source code found here.
Comment: These are the standard packages which will be automatically updated (the package installs the Google repositories). I guess the OP wanted to install specific versions.
Comment: Sort of, but that requires him to build all old releases - question states *packages*.
Comment: Is the last paragraph more suited to the question?
Answer: Have you tried:
apt-get install <package name>=<version>

e.g.
apt-get install subversion-tools=1.3.2-5~bpo1

?
You can check version for example here: http://www.ubuntuupdates.org/pm/google-chrome-stable
Answer: Note: Your selenium webdriver is using a specific version based upon your normal command of
webdriver-manager update

When you run webdriver-manager with your command of
webdriver-manager start

make sure to note which version it is using, you'll see something like
/node_modules/webdriver-manager/selenium/chromedriver_76.0.3809.12

as part of the logging in console
Now with the known version selenium will be using, you can install the proper binaries for chrome using the link provided by gertvdijk  above link for different versions.
Then to answer the question the install can be something like :
#centos
sudo yum -y install google-chrome-stable
#ubuntu
apt-get install google-chrome-stable

Answer: [http://22.214.171.124/chrome/pool/main/g/google-chrome-stable/]
it should be a Google Chrome dir on www.oldapps.com

http://www.oldapps.com/linux/category/browsers

seems google chrome hates older chrome.
for natty, the latest working version of Chrome x64 that does not ask gconf-service it's:
google-chrome-stable_27.0.1453.110-r202711_amd64.deb
if you followed other tutorials & failed.

http://community.linuxmint.com/tutorial/view/482

Ubuntu 11.04 - the Natty Narwhal - released in April 2011 and supported until October 2012.


Graduate School Advice, very conflicted

Question: So I have just recently graduated with my undergraduate degree. I had a really great undergraduate career. I started off pretty roughly in undergrad due to family issues but was able to then grow as an academic. I excelled and did well in my classes and was even inducted into the honor society for my major. A semester before my final semester in undergrad I was kicked out of my house because my parents found out that I was gay. This really shook me and it affected my grades in my last semester. I ended up graduating with a 2.8 GPA when I had a 3.0 before and was planning and trying to raise that. While I was in undergrad I was heavily involved and held various leadership positions and was well known on my campus for being someone who works hard.
Now since I was so well known one of my professor recommended me to apply for a Masters program with the same university that I completed my undergrad with. I was recommended to the program by my professor and was contacted by that department. Since I was so eager to continue my education I applied and was accepted with some scholarships. The only thing is this Masters programs is in an area that I can do well in and have some interest, I would rather study something else. But since this was basically my only option especially so late in the year already I took and applied. All the other deadlines ti places have passed and I wouldn't even be considered.
My question is in order to be accepted into a Masters program of my choice, with an assistantship or fellowship that would pay for me to go, should I do a year in this Masters program and work hard and get high marks then look to transfer to somewhere else? Will having a graduate level GPA help me to prove that I am ready for graduate programs, will having that high level graduate GPA show that my low undergrad GPA was only due to the external misfortunate that happened to me. Will this help to show that I am hard working and serious about my academic career?
Or would it be more beneficial for me to focus on getting a job, work hard in my job and work on writing publications and conducting research that I can present at conferences and hopefully get published to improve my academic resume that way. So this way I would still be improving my academic resume but outside of the classroom.
Which would be more beneficial for me to do in order to be able to apply and get accepted in my program of choice will full funding preferably?
I'm really torn over this and just want to do what's best in order for me to continue with my academic career and pursue what I love learning.
[I am studying communication/media studies - I am in the humanities / social sciences field - not a med or engineering or business student just to clarify in case that helps to understand my questions more.]
Comment: Can you please remove personal remarks and condense into a specific question?
Answer: If you want an academic career then a job is going to get you farther away, not closer to your goal. You seem to have a pretty good offer from your local place that gives you a way to improve your profile for further study. It is worth considering, at least.
If your GPA is on a 4.0 scale, it seems low, so the current offer is especially valuable.
But, an academic career in the humanities is going to be a bit of a struggle, due simply to supply/demand/economics. You will need to position yourself well and keep your options open.
I would suggest that you both bring up your GPA, learn lots of good stuff, get a bit of a start in research in your field and, most important, become a great writer. Being able to write will give you flexibility both in academia and elsewhere.
The faith that your professor has in you is currently a gigantic asset. Don't let it go away.

Graduate School Advice, very conflicted


Could the zones of thought be detected from Earth with current science/technology?

Question: In Vernor Vinge's "Zones of Thought" series, is it possible to detect anomalies related to the zones' boundaries from the Earth using contemporary astrophysics instruments? I.e., if you are violating the fundamental laws of nature (speed of light) there ought to be profound consequences that can be seen from afar.
Comment: Well, apparently we *can't* detect zones with contemporary instruments...  So, that would be "no," I guess.
Comment: Note, IIRC there's a line in one of the books about humanity being surprised when the first explorers found themselves outside the Slow Zone, but I'll have to try to dig it up later.
Answer: Almost certainly not. At least not with any technology Slow Zone humanity ever discovered.
All humans in the Beyond were descended from a single human colony that accidentally found its way out of the Slow Zone. Said colony had no record of the space-faring Queng Ho and additionally had artifacts from Old Earth (as seen in "The Blabber" short story) so must have descended from a very early human colony. So undoubtedly the Queng Ho came about much later. In fact, Earth has been fully depopulated and resettled at least four times well before the events of deepness in the sky and to repopulate an entire planet multiple times must take thousands of years. Several thousand more years have elapsed between deepness in the sky and fire upon the deep. So we at least have a few thousand years of space-faring humans in the Slow Zone with none of them noticing anything worthwhile to investigate in the Beyond.
Additionally, it was stated that it is completely unknown whether humanity still exists in the Slow Zone at all and that if they do they would be completely ignorant of what happens in the Beyond implying they would have no ability to find out about it, or at least  humans on the Beyond don't believe they would develop any ability to find out about it.
The main reason I don't think so is Pham Nuwen himself had access to the best tech humanity has ever produced across hundreds of civilizations in the Slow Zone and spent his entire life searching for any sign of a more advanced society or something unexplained to explore. If there were unexplained observations on the outskirts of the galaxy then he would have been all over it with his expedition.
Note that the speed of light isn't higher in the Beyond, it is just that there is a fundamental limit on the fastest possible computation or density of information that can exist within a volume that is zone dependent. The mechanism that allows FTL travel is extremely computationally intensive, at some point a computer fast enough to perform those computations cannot exist at which point you lose the ability to FTL. But as seen in "The Blabber" and somewhat implied by the On-Off Star, FTL communication at least can happen in the Slow Zone with the expenditure of enormous resources (like the entire output of a star for 200 years, or dimming of a planets sun by a few percent just to send a single bit of information FTL) so whatever fundamental physical laws allow FTL still exist in the Slow Zone, they just cannot be exploited. Both artifacts originated in the Transcend so it is unlikely they could be constructed with Slow Zone or even the Beyond technology.
Comment: The blabber has a device that can communicate FTL in the slow zone by dimming the star. It still only can send a few bits. Ravna ponders the fate of bumans still trapped in the slow zone and explicitly says all humans in the beyond are descended from the one colony in fire upon the deep and no one knows if humanity still exists elsewhere. That the zones only affect computation/intelligence is stated a few times and that ftl gets slower due to computational load it stated a few times in fire near the end when they are approaching the tines world.
Comment: great answer, except - where did it all come from?  I've read both _A Fire Upon The Deep_ and _A Deepness In The Sky_ several times each and didn't pick up on the FTL communication from the slow zone or that FTL depended on the computation speed available.  Guess I have to find and read _The Blabber_ once more - I only gave that one shot.
Answer: The criterion "related to Zone boundaries" is too vague.
For example, the "On/Off" Star in Deepness was anomalous, and was presumably detectable by anyone pointing a sufficiently sensitive telescope at it. But it was anomalous partly because it was ignoring zone boundaries.  So detecting it would not tell you anything about them.
Edit: Why anomalous? It was cycling between dim and bright on a regular 250 year cycle, contrary to any known physics.  Any Slow Zone physics, to be more precise. In the larger context of the Zones universe, this was probably because it was engineered or modified by transcendent technology to carry out its function (whatever that was) even in the Slow Zone.  So if you already knew about the Zones, and then saw a star located in the Slow Zone behaving like that, you would immediately suspect a violation of the Zone boundaries.  But if you did not know about the Zones at all, it would if anything be taken as counter-evidence to a hypothesis that certain physics could happen only in other parts of the galaxy.
Comment: So, no then?  If it was ignoring zones, then the On/Off star means what?
Comment: Let me reiterate. Possibility or enabling of the ftl travel (imo) must result in some effect seen from afar. Im wrong?
Comment: Why would FTL travel result in some visible effect? Remember that FTL travel is natural in the fast zone.


Polygon overlap into new layer on CartoDB

Question: New cartodb & PostgreSQL user here. I have two rows in cartodb table and each row has its own polygon. The two polygons have some overlapping area. How can I create a new polygon of just the overlapping area, preferably via cartodb SQL commands?
Answer: Use ST_Intersection
So something like:
<code>SELECT ST_Intersection(p1.the_geom, p2.the_geom) As the_geom
   FROM p1 INNER JOIN p2 ON (ST_Intersects(p1.geom, p2.geom) );
</code>
If you know the ids or some other delimiting factor you could do this:
<code>    SELECT ST_Intersection(p1.the_geom, p2.the_geom) As the_geom
   FROM p1 CROSS JOIN p2  WHERE p1.cartodb_id = 1 and p2.cartodb_id = 2;
</code>
Comment: The CROSS JOIN on rows in a single table did not work, but I was able to use the first method by moving the two rows to two separate tables and using:

SELECT ST_Intersection(table1.the_geom, table2.the_geom) As the_geom FROM table1 INNER JOIN table2 ON ST_Intersects(table1.the_geom, table2.the_geom)

The results came back in a different format that required running a find and replace and placing square brackets around each coordinate and commas in between each coordinate before being able to save as a polygon into cartoDB.  THANK YOU.


Access folder created in windows

Question: Is it possible to access the folder created in windows, through unix operating system (Ubuntu 14.04 LTS) that is installed on a virtual machine on windows?
If yes, what is the process to access the folder?
Comment: Which is the guest and which is the host? What virtual machine technology are you using?
Answer: Yes it is possible, though there are more ways than one.
1) Shared folder option in VM manager
Depending on the virtual machine manager, the should be an option to share a folder from the host (Windows in your case) to the virtual machine (Ubuntu).
For example
In VMware, it is under the VM settings -> Options Tab -> Shared Folder. Select "Always enabled" then under the "Folders" section click the "Add" button.
2) Create an Network File System (NFS)
This is a more complex choice since it involves some setup. You will first configure Windows to share the folder via NFS (Great article from Microsoft here).
For reference:

To share a folder by using Nfsshare.exe:

Log on to the Windows-based server by using an administrative level account.
Click Start, click Run, type cmd, and then click OK.
Type the following command, and then press ENTER to share a folder to NFS clients and to allow anonymous access:

<code>nfsshare -o anon=yes share_name=drive:path
</code>

Type the following command, and then press ENTER to delete an NFS share:

<code>   nfsshare share_name /delete
</code>

Type: nfsshare /?, and then press ENTER to display the parameters that you can use with Nfsshare.

To share a folder by using Windows Explorer:

Log on to the Windows-based server by using an administrative level account.
Start Windows Explorer.
Right-click the folder that you want to share, and then click Sharing.
Click the NFS Sharing tab, and then click Share this folder.
Configure the appropriate settings, and then click OK.
NOTE: Microsoft recommends that you install at least one User Name Mapping service on your network to map UNIX and Windows user names to each other. Please view the Kb article about User Name Mapping service below.
324073 HOW TO: Configure User Name Mapping

Once you got that out of the way, you can then mount the NFS under Ubuntu as follows:
2.1) Create an empty directory (referred to as mount point)
sudo mkdir -p /mnt/nfs
The /mnt/nfs will be the location on ubuntu you can access the folder from but first we need to tell Ubuntu to link that folder with the NFS created on windows.
2.2) Mount the NFS over the created directory
This can be done by addressing the host server (Windows), which, for the purpose of this tutorial has an IP of 192.168.1.10, as shown below:
sudo mount 192.168.1.10:/ /mnt/nfs
Hope this was what you were looking for.
Comment: Can you add some of the details for how to setup the NFS share under Windows?  Just linking to other pages only works until the destination page goes away.
Comment: Or share the folder from mswindows and mount it as cifs on the Linux box.
Comment: @david-king, added details from link as requested

Access folder created in windows


Appropriate Film Credits

Question: I've got an independent short film project where I'm the only sound person involved. I've had to do everything from pre-production to post. What would be appropriate for credit(s)? Is there a blanket term for someone who performs multiple roles?
Answer: I'd have thought that simply putting 'Sound' would cover all bases? I still think of 'sound designer' as a post term for a sound fx designer rather than the way many people see it which is as some sort of sound director or supervisor.
Comment: +1 to this advice. This seems to be very common on small and independent films (esp. shorts) that I've seen.
Answer: You are firmly entrenched in a gray area. The terms that come to my mind regarding film credit are Supervising Sound Editor (traditional) or Supervising Sound Designer (more contemporary), although I really like the simplicity of Sound or Sound Design.
To tag on to Tim's answer, indeed is not uncommon to have more than one credit, so you should feel free to award yourself as many titles as you see appropriate.
Answer: I think sound designer would be what you're looking for. It's the blanket term for the person in charge of the sound. Especially if it's an independent film where you a one-man department.
Answer: I'd ask for two credits

production sound recordist or mixer
listed with the production crew
sound editor
listed with post production

Its not unheard of to have 2 credits, maybe check on IMDb to see what other people have done... if other film film makers see the credits and are looking for someone for either role then it would work better for you than one term to cover both, which doesn't exist afaik
Answer: When I do multiple sound-related duties for a project, I usually just ask for one credit specific to what I am focus on.  "Sound Editor" is usually what I ask for.
Maybe I'm the only one, but when I see multiple credits for one person, it gives me a negative feeling towards the project.  Perhaps it's all the terrible movies I watch on "watch it now" that have one person as the writer, director, editor, and star! I don't think it's fair to categorize sound like this, because on a low budget project it makes sense to have someone who knows sound to do all of it.  On short films, I prefer to be the production recordist or boom op when I'm going to do the post production.  But I digress....
Answer: To echo Tim, I would probably do multiple titles - "Production Sound" and then "Supervising Sound Editor/Re-recording Mixer" - might be worth checking out what other "multiple hat wearers" are doing as well... was the director also the DP, for instance, and how is he/she wanting to be credited?
Answer: Before attaching yourself to a project credit see how it turns out first. Under no circumstances do you want a credit to something that has compromsied sound due to budget.
If it is decent you would be favourite going down as sound supervisor as that post covers start to finish.
But in reality be true to yourself, if the job didn't require much planning or delegation I would as the chap above said and stick with 'sound'.
Answer: On my film I just put " sound design " and I also feel that this doesn't give enough credit to the artist who not only cleaned up everything from a generator on a night shoot, to finding the best takes, to inserting ADR, all folley and in general directing the sound to fit the tone and rhythm and finally weaving dialogue volume into the composer's cues.    So I too want to give my "sound designer" more credit which is why I looked this post up.  However I also don't want to make the film look bad, there's only one colorist or one production designer etc so when the rolling credits end ( sound designer is right after composer.....do I list him  ...I think I'm going to list him after the production sound recordist. Then I'll put another credit.  Production sound mixer

Appropriate Film Credits


Is the Unitarian Universalist Association really creedless?

Question: My understanding is that the Unitarian Universalist Association has no creed, but its name suggests otherwise.
As a Unitarian church, are its members expected to deny the Trinity or Jesus' status as the Son of God?
The second label, "Universalist," suggests a belief that everybody will eventually go to heaven. Does this imply an expectation that members profess belief in an afterlife?
Comment: The 'Unitarian' in the name is probably anachronistic or a vestige of earlier organizational belief, as they seem to accept people from all sorts of religious backgrounds, including atheists.
Answer: I have been Trinitarian all my life. The below is for information purposes. The content below is in the public domain. Bold highlights are added for clarity.

The website of the UUA states definitively :-

Our beliefs are diverse and inclusive. We have no shared creed.

Beliefs and Principles

Most Unitarian Universalist Christians believe in God, but not the traditional God-as-Trinity that most Christian churches promote.

Beliefs and Principles

Many of us live with the assumption that life does not continue after death, and many of us hold it as an open question, wondering if our minds will have any awareness when we are no longer living. Few of us believe in divine judgment after death.

Life and Death

a growing number of Unitarian Universalists weave strands of Islam into their faith today.

Belief and Principles

Some of us practice indigenous religions and Modern Paganism.

Belief and Principles

I think Jesus did die and decompose in the grave like every other human being who has died before, and since. (Andrew James Brown)

UUWorld
Comment: 'Trinitarian Unitarian' would be a contradiction in terms. My own impression is that some parties designate themselves by religious terminology but in practice their words indicate that what unites them together into a body - is a rejection of Trinitarian doctrine, not a shared acceptance of a creed of their own.
Comment: @NigelJ Since UUs accept all sorts of religious beliefs, I am guessing they would accept a Trinitarian, and that the title 'Unitarian' is anachronistic.
Comment: Thank you. I have read this site before, but my question has more to do with the fact that the words "Unitarian" and "Universalist" imply a creed. Also, I have found nothing online about Trinitarian Unitarians.


Are low acceptance rates at journals more attributable to desk rejects or the peer review process?

Question: It seems like the review process rigor does not vary much at reputable journals. Is a low acceptance rate therefore due to lots of desk rejects?
Comment: I think reviewing is often pretty random (at least in math).  But are you asking about rate of desk rejection versus rejection after review?  Or just if the desk rejection rate is high?
Answer: My anecdotal impression is that while both phases are important and certainly the top journals have higher rates of desk rejections before review, they also tend to have less editorial leeway for revisions after peer review.
The rigor of reviews is the same, which makes sense: ultimately, the actual people doing the reviews are coming from the same pool of "other scientists in the field". They aren't reviewing more or less sloppily according to the journal's stature or "impact factor": they're offering their professional opinions about the work in front of them.
However, the higher end journals are looking for glowing peer reviews in the first round; if the reviews aren't glowing (both in terms of scientific rigor and perceived "impact"), they're likely to either reject the paper outright, or more recently as journals have adopted a tiered system, recommend continuing the peer review process at a lower-tier journal by that publisher (for example, Scientific Reports for Nature).
I publish in neuroscience and medical journals; experiences may vary in other fields.
Answer: It is similar to job applications. While processes are similar everywhere, getting a job obviously is not. More people will be 'desk rejected' for sure, but even those candidates getting the interview will have a harder time.
Scientists writing the review are conscious about the venue. If asked to review for a top journal, established scientists know the quality of the result required and communicate appropriately whether such quality is found in the submission.
The more reputable the journal the more competitive everything becomes and competition introduces randomness and focus on superficial things. Editors of weaker journals need to decide, which work to accept, while editors of strong journals, once the subpar submissions are gone, need to decide what to reject.
So reputable reviews receive more critical reviews and tolerate less criticism in such reviews.
Comment: _It is similar to job applications._ - If you're talking about proportions of "desk rejections", I don't think this is true at all, at least in my experience in pure math.  Also, I'm not sure how your second paragraph answers the question.
Comment: Thank you for you help, improving my answer.

You are correct that I indeed do not answer the question in the title but the question in the description, whether low acceptance rate is due to lots of desk rejects.

The second paragraph details how the disputable assumption that review process rigor does not vary much at reputable journals does not imply the conclusion that only desk rejects matter.