POODLE and REST APIs

Question: Are non-browser applications which do not contain an embedded browser, and merely make REST API calls over HTTPS, vulnerable to POODLE?
And if not, is it unnecessary to disable SSL in such applications?
Answer: Poodle is, as presented, a chosen-plaintext attack, although not by a large amount.
At its core, the vulnerability that Poodle builds upon allows an active attacker to try to guess a single byte of cleartext data. The conditions are the following:

The stream uses SSL 3.0 with encryption done with a block cipher in CBC mode.
The byte value that the attacker is interested in is part of the stream, and occurs at the end of a block (blocks have length 8 bytes with 3DES or RC2, 16 bytes with AES).
A subsequent record in the stream (in the same direction) has a length that implies a full-block padding.
The guess has probability 1/256 to work. On failure, the SSL stream is broken, and both client and server know it.

So, in practice, the situation must be such that the attacker can trigger SSL connections silently, and arrange things so that an "interesting secret" is sent through the connection at a predictable place, and the attacker must also be able to alter the sent data size so that each "interesting byte" occurs at the end of a block, and a record with full-block padding also occurs. It is worth noting that the attacker must choose the length of some message elements, but needs not control the contents (this is why it is a CPA only honoris causa). Moreover, each broken connection must not trigger too visible alerts.
A Web browser running hostile Javascript and connected to the Internet through an attacker-controlled WiFi access points fulfils all these conditions. Chances are that your non-browser application does not.
Nevertheless, you should really use TLS 1.0 (or, better yet, TLS 1.1 or 1.2). Now the bright side is that the SSL/TLS handshake is protected against protocol downgrade attacks: if client and server follow the standards, then attackers cannot force a client and server that both know TLS 1.0 to fallback to SSL 3.0. Web browsers have unfortunately got into the unsavoury habit of working around the standards precisely to use SSL 3.0 in case of failure with TLS 1.0. In that respect, browsers are weak to Poodle because they insist on being weak; they favour continuous support of a handful of antique servers that have not been updated since last century, over simply preventing the user from getting hacked up beyond all recognition.
The real problem, though, is that client and server still accept to use SSL 3.0 even though they both know that it is weak. More on that subject here. Disabling SSL 3.0 support and concentrating on TLS 1.0 (that you already use in practice) is not something that you should do because of Poodle; it is something that you should do because it is high time to transition from stone tools to metal. Embrace Bronze Age before it is too late !
Answer: POODLE is the last nail in SSLv3's coffin. This issue is a design flaw and not an implementation bug, like Heartbleed was. As it's a design flaw ánd it's basically a dead protocol, it will never be "fixed". Moving to TLS is your only option to not be vulnerable to POODLE.
So yes, your non-browser application is also vulnerable to POODLE. However, an attacker must be in the same network as your application or client to perform the required MiTM attack and must be able to trigger many requests from the client to the server to be able to actually exploit the POODLE vulnerability. Depending on the exact situation that may or may not make exploitation very unlikely.
With that said, it's time to move on from SSLv3: plan for disabling it and moving to TLSv1.2.

POODLE and REST APIs


R: How to make column of predictions for logistic regression model?

Question: So I have a data set called x. The contents are simple enough to just write out so I'll just outline it here:

the dependent variable, Report, in the first column is binary yes/no (0 = no, 1 = yes)
the subsequent 3 columns are all categorical variables (race.f, sex.f, gender.f) that have all been converted to factors, and they're designated by numbers (e.g. 1= white, 2 = black, etc.)

I have run a logistic regression on x as follows:
glm <- glm(Report ~ race.f + sex.f + gender.f, data=x,
           family = binomial(link="logit"))

And I can check the fitted probabilities by looking at summary(glm$fitted).
My question: How do I create a fifth column on the right side of this data set x that will include the predictions (i.e. fitted probabilities) for Report? Of course, I could just insert the glm$fitted as a column, but I'd like to try to write a code that predicts it based on whatever is in the race, sex, gender columns for a more generalized use.
Right now I the follow code which I will hope create a predicted column as well as lower and upper bounds for the confidence interval.
xnew <- cbind(xnew, predict(glm5, newdata = xnew, type = "link", se = TRUE))
xnew <- within(xnew, {
  PredictedProb <- plogis(fit)
  LL <- plogis(fit - (1.96 * se.fit))
  UL <- plogis(fit + (1.96 * se.fit))
})

Unfortunately I get the error:
Error in eval(expr, envir, enclos) : object 'race.f' not found

after the cbind code.
Anyone have any idea?
Answer: There appears to be a few typo in your codes; First Xnew calls on glm5 but your model as far as I can see is glm (by the way using glm as name of your output is probably not a good idea). Secondly make sure the variable race.f is actually in the dataset you wish to do the prediction from. My guess is R can't find that variable hence the error.


Measuring and calculating free quark masses

Question: Particle data book contains masses of the free quarks. I wonder, how do experimentalists determine the masses of the free quarks even though they are trapped inside hadrons (except perhaps in quark-gluon plasma)? Can quark masses be theoretically calculated and how much do they agree with experiments?
Answer: Nobody has seriously calculated theoretically a quark mass from first principles. So there is no issue of agreement with experiment. They are parameters in experimental fits, but sometimes remarkably consistent across a broad range of experiments-- and the QCD/EW calculations using them as inputs. If someone pretends to know their origin, he/she is bluffing.
Constituent quark masses have been fitted to hadron masses using simple potential models in the style of additive nuclear models. They range from 0.34Gev to 177GeV and are not too informative, as they are mostly glue for the light quarks, i.e. they arose out of chiral symmetry breaking---see below. They are not of any use in QCD/EW perturbative calculations, and, culturally, they have a life of their own, of possible assistance to diffractive scattering studies.
The more fundamental current quark masses that are used in the fundamental lagrangian of the SM are  extracted from DIS fits (deep inelastic scattering), for the heavy ones; but, mostly for the light ones, they are extracted, sometimes with the aid of lattice theories, out of chiral perturbation theory on the masses of the pseudoscalar mesons, via Dashen's formula of chiral symmetry breaking.
They range from 2MeV to 175GeV. For example, stringing several such formulas together one finds fits such as the popular one,
$$
\frac{m_u+m_d}{2m_s}=\frac{m_\pi^2}{2m_K^2-m_\pi^2}\approx \frac{1}{25}~.
$$
Answer: It is possible to calculate the mass of free quarks.
The calculation shows values between 2.1 and 3.27 MeV/C2. This gives an average mass of 2.67 MeV/C2 for the up quarks.
The down quarks will have roughly double the mass of the up quarks (since this was the base for the calculation).
However, using the average weighted mass of the up and down quarks (approx. between 3.15 and 4.9 MeV/C2) is the approach used to first calculate the mass of the proton, and then backward calculate the up quark mass.
The calculated proton mass Mp = (7-ln(20))/(3-ln(20)); Neutron-Proton mass difference is 1.33 MeV/C2.
The proton mass distribution is as follows:

due to quarks (11.4%)
due to gluons (27.2%)
quark-quark/quark-gluon interaction (22%)
due to internal momentum and other effects (39.4%)

It was possible to estimate the percentages of visible matter, antimatter, dark energy and dark matter (4.62; 2.04; 64.7 and 28.6 respectively).
It was also possible to estimate the mass of the universe (6.7E54 kg); Volume of the universe (6.4E80 m3); density (1.04E-26 kg/m3); radius of the universe (5.4E26 m).
However, the timeline ended up at 38E9 yrs (from 2.3E-39 sec) which was a bit confusing although the Gravitational constant was maintained throughout the timelime.
N.B: No reference(s) has been made in support of the above info because it is still work in progress.
Comment: Your answer could be improved with additional supporting information. Please [edit] to add further details, such as citations or documentation, so that others can confirm that your answer is correct. You can find more information on how to write good answers [in the help center](/help/how-to-answer).


Incorrect output of prometheus metrics

Question: has anyone come across the fact that prometheus metrics from the collator and embedded relay chain return the official name - rococo_local_testnet, although the collator name in chainspec is local_testnet. Also, metrics that should return block numbers (substrate_block_height) return them only for the relay chain
What could be the problem?
I can also provide metrics files or screenshots if that makes sense
Answer: The point was that I had a relay chain and a parachain on the same server, and such as the default prometheus port - 9615 on the relay chain and I set ports 9615 and 9616 on the parachain, the relay chain metrics simply overlapped the metrics of the parachain itself, as a result, I changed prometheus relay chain port to 9715 and it worked

Incorrect output of prometheus metrics


What is the relationship between God the Father and the Holy Spirit?

Question: Jesus clearly identifies His relationship with God the Father; he is the "only begotten Son of the Father".  What Biblical evidence do we have identifying the relationship between God the Father and the Holy Spirit?  How does the Bible differentiate the Holy Spirit from the Father?
Answer:
1Jn 5:7  For there are three that bear record in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost: and these three are one.
Mat 28:19  Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost:
Act 10:38  How God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Ghost and with power: who went about doing good, and healing all that were oppressed of the devil; for God was with him.

Let me introduce you to God as described in the New Testament by Jesus through John and Paul. So to start briefly with 1st John 5 and Acts 10. In John 5 we see the Father, Jesus and the Holy Spirit all called God or those which bear record in heaven and they are called three are one in the same sentence. No man accurately understands what that means and that's ok.

Joh 14:9  Jesus saith unto him, Have I been so long time with you, and yet hast thou not known me, Philip? he that hath seen me hath seen the Father; and how sayest thou then, Shew us the Father?
  Joh 14:10  Believest thou not that I am in the Father, and the Father in me? the words that I speak unto you I speak not of myself: but the Father that dwelleth in me, he doeth the works.
  Joh 14:11  Believe me that I am in the Father, and the Father in me: or else believe me for the very works' sake.

The Father is God and one with Christ Jesus and worked through Christ on the Earth. The Father is revealed to us throughout the Old Testament using many different Names which reveal attributes of His personality. This is an edited version of the links semi-exhaustive study on the names of God focusing on those which had a clear translatable meaning.

Elohim (Mighty Ones) 2606x  Genesis 1:1
El (Might, Power) 245x  Genesis 14:18
Eloah (Mighty One) 57x  Nehemiah 9:17
Adon (Lord, Ruler) 335x Joshua 3:11
Adonai (Lords, Rulers) 434x Genesis 15:2
El-Elyon (Supreme Might)    Genesis 14:18
El-Shaddai (Might of the Powerful Ones) Genesis 17:1
Cela (craig) Tzur (rock or strength)    Ps 18:2 (used interchangeably)
YHWH-sabaoth (Lord of Armies) 285x  1 Samuel 1:3
YHWH-jireh: will see or provide    Genesis 22:14
YHWH-rapha: heals  Exodus 15:26
YHWH-nissi: our banner or victory  Exodus 17:15
YHWH-m'kaddesh: sanctifies Exodus 31:13
YHWH-shalom: peace Judges 6:24
YHWH-raah: my shepherd Psalm 23:1
YHWH-hoseenu: creator  Psalm 95:6
YHWH-tsidkenu: righteousness   Jeremiah 23:6
YHWH-shammah: Present and available when

Any of these words can describe God the Father, Son or the Holy Spirit however lets assume the focus of the revelation in the Old Testament was on the Father and these words are used with preference to describe Him.

Psa 139:7  Whither shall I go from thy spirit? or whither shall I flee from thy presence?
  Psa 139:8  If I ascend up into heaven, thou art there: if I make my bed in hell, behold, thou art there.
  Psa 139:9  If I take the wings of the morning, and dwell in the uttermost parts of the sea;
  Psa 139:10  Even there shall thy hand lead me, and thy right hand shall hold me.
  Psa 139:11  If I say, Surely the darkness shall cover me; even the night shall be light about me.
  Psa 139:12  Yea, the darkness hideth not from thee; but the night shineth as the day: the darkness and the light are both alike to thee.
Heb 6:18  That by two immutable things, in which it was impossible for God to lie, we might have a strong consolation, who have fled for refuge to lay hold upon the hope set before us:

Again the following attributes apply to God the Father, God the Son before and after His earth ministry (Php 2:8) and God the Holy Spirit. God is omnipresent as Psalms 139 goes into great lengths to describe. We also know God is not omnipotent as he cannot lie and cannot do evil like temptation (James 1:13) or be afraid (1 John 4:18). The Lord God is omniscient (Psalm 147:5,1Jn 3:20,Psalm 147:5).
John 14-16 is the dissertation on the Holy Spirit. Here Christ describes the Holy Spirit in clarity which is not seen again till the Pauline epistles. I don't pray to the Holy Spirit because in the farewell sermon Jesus never mentioned us expressly praying to the Holy Spirit. I do not condemn you if you do.

Mat 6:9  After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name.
Joh 14:16  And I will pray the Father, and he shall give you another Comforter, that he may abide with you for ever;

Superficially the first thing one would notice about the difference between the Father and the Holy Spirit is: The Father's primary residence is in Heaven; The Holy Spirit's primary residence is on Earth. They are however both everywhere.

Joh 17:16  They are not of the world, even as I am not of the world.
  Joh 17:17  Sanctify them through thy truth: thy word is truth.
Joh 14:17  Even the Spirit of truth; whom the world cannot receive, because it seeth him not, neither knoweth him: but ye know him; for he dwelleth with you, and shall be in you.
Eph 3:16  That he would grant you, according to the riches of his glory, to be strengthened with might by his Spirit in the inner man;
  Eph 3:17  That Christ may dwell in your hearts by faith; that ye, being rooted and grounded in love,
1Jn 3:9  Whosoever is born of God doth not commit sin; for his seed remaineth in him: and he cannot sin, because he is born of God.
  1Jn 3:10  In this the children of God are manifest, and the children of the devil: whosoever doeth not righteousness is not of God, neither he that loveth not his brother.

God's Word Jesus Himself is truth. The Holy Spirit is not the Word which is truth He is the Spirit of truth. Christ and His Spirit dwell in our Hearts according to the scripture. According to 1st John 3:10 God the Father's seed is in us.

Joh 15:26  But when the Comforter is come, whom I will send unto you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth, which proceedeth from the Father, he shall testify of me:
G1607
  ἐκπορεύομαι
  ekporeuomai
  ek-por-yoo'-om-ahee
From G1537 and G4198; to depart, be discharged, proceed, project: - come (forth, out of), depart, go (forth, out), issue, proceed (out of).

The Holy Spirit proceed from the Father. The word proceed has many sub words in Strong's Greek dictionary number G1607. Each of them describe the action of the Holy Spirit beginning His work on the earth.
Joh 16:7  Nevertheless I tell you the truth; It is expedient for you that I go away: for if I go not away, the Comforter will not come unto you; but if I depart, I will send him unto you.
What we experience with the Holy Spirit is better than having Jesus who was and is one with God the Father present with us on the earth today. It is unknown exactly why Christ is at the right hand of Majesty on High and the Holy Spirit was sent here. The Holy Spirit is very kool to be able to fill the void of Christ in a better way than Christ Himself. So here we notice the Holy Spirit is better for us than Christ physical presence on the Earth.
Joh 16:8  And when he is come, he will reprove the world of sin, and of righteousness, and of judgment:
Joh 16:9  Of sin, because they believe not on me;
Joh 16:10  Of righteousness, because I go to my Father, and ye see me no more;
Joh 16:11  Of judgment, because the prince of this world is judged.

Joh 3:19  And this is the condemnation, that light is come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil.

The primary work of the Holy Spirit on those in the world is to reprove or you could say convict of sin, righteousness and judgement. To be convicted means to be pronounced guilty.  It is often thought that the Holy Spirit condemns people to hell or bring condemnation but that is an act of the individuals heart caused by the law.

Joh 16:12  I have yet many things to say unto you, but ye cannot bear them now.
  Joh 16:13  Howbeit when he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he will guide you into all truth: for he shall not speak of himself; but whatsoever he shall hear, that shall he speak: and he will shew you things to come.
  Joh 16:14  He shall glorify me: for he shall receive of mine, and shall shew it unto you.
  Joh 16:15  All things that the Father hath are mine: therefore said I, that he shall take of mine, and shall shew it unto you.

Here is a very high density amount of the word he. However it is important to note that the Greek word translated he here really is gender neutral however the word translated Comforter is indeed masculine.
The Holy Spirits work in the Church today is to complete the scripture in the lives of the believers. The primary way He did this was through the apostles, Luke and Mark writings after He arrived on the Earth. However He guides us into all truth not just those expressly written in the Word. He is able to enlighten the eyes of our understanding so that we know. He does not speak of Himself which is why we only know Him through the writings in the word and what we have experienced of Him. He does not speak from his omniscience. He speaks what he hears the implication is what he hears through your ears. The Holy Spirit also primary function in the Church today is revelation while in rare situations this can mean visions and dreams the majority of the way people experience God is through supernatural knowings one of the manifestations of the spirit. This is not hearing voices but experiencing the enlightenment from the scripture for your situation. Again Jesus says that the Holy Spirit is glorifying Christ and revealing the nature of Christ in and to us.

1Co 12:4  Now there are diversities of gifts, but the same Spirit.
  1Co 12:5  And there are differences of administrations, but the same Lord.
  1Co 12:6  And there are diversities of operations, but it is the same God which worketh all in all.

Again we see the Father, Son and the Holy Spirit in unison benefiting of the Church. God the Father is said to work all in all and to head the operations. God the Son administers and God the Holy Spirit is the Spirit behind the endowments.

1Co 12:7  But the manifestation of the Spirit is given to every man to profit withal.

Every instance of the endowments is a manifestation of the Holy Spirit, administered by Christ and worked by God the Father's Power. I follow the Pentecostal pioneer Howard Carter division of the Holy Spirits manifestations which I will briefly relate bellow. He divides them into three manifestations which know something, three manifestations which do something and three manifestations which say something.
1Co 12:8  For to one is given by the Spirit the word of wisdom; to another the word of knowledge by the same Spirit;
Word of wisdom is a knowing about the future. Like if you knew you shouldn't go to work on 9/11. This is not fortune telling it is just a word a single element conveying understanding about a situation. It is not a paragraph or a book. Likewise work of knowledge is a single element conveying present or past tense knowledge about a situation. Combined with discerning of spirits these are the three gifts which know something.

1Co 12:9  To another faith by the same Spirit; to another the gifts of healing by the same Spirit;

The gift of faith is often called special faith as it is what is necessary to receive that which is beyond what a person may normally believe for on their own. Gifts of healing is plural. This is not going to a doctor but God working with the doctor to heal your aliment of body or mind. Spirits are not healed in the New Testament they are saved.

1Co 12:10  To another the working of miracles; to another prophecy; to another discerning of spirits; to another divers kinds of tongues; to another the interpretation of tongues:

The working of miracles are miraculous healings (like arms growing back) and other wonders (like supernatural provision or walking on water) which defy nature. Special faith, healing and miracles are the three gifts which do something.
Discerning of spirits is disliked because many people who claim to see spirits or hear spirits are in fact are sick and need help from doctors. However that does not change that the Holy Spirit sometimes chooses to reveal a spirit to a person. The good sense you cannot explain when you go to church is a right example of discerning of spirits.

1Co 12:11  But all these worketh that one and the selfsame Spirit, dividing to every man severally as he will.

Every time one of these manifestations is rightly expressed the Holy Spirit is rightly getting His will and work accomplished in the earth.

Gal 5:22  But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, longsuffering, gentleness, goodness, faith,
  Gal 5:23  Meekness, temperance: against such there is no law.
  Gal 5:24  And they that are Christ's have crucified the flesh with the affections and lusts.

Finally because everything is cross referenced in the word. We are able to discern whether what someone calls the manifestation of the Holy Spirit is in fact a manifestation of the Holy Spirit based on the attributes of the Spirit Himself as described in Galatians 5. If it does not meet the criteria of these verses people are just imagining that the Holy Spirit is manifesting Himself.
So in summery to differentiate the Father from the Holy Spirit you take all the things which are known to be directly attributed to the Father and all the things which are directly attributed to the Holy Spirit and you compare and contrast them. I briefly gave you several names of God describing his personality and several names of the Holy Spirit. Then I described the Holy Spirit manifestation's in the earth which the Father works. Finally I list the attributes of the Holy Spirit at work in the individual believers life to give you an idea of what a believer should show evidence of when inspired by the Holy Spirit directly.
Comment: +1 "I don't pray to the Holy Spirit because in the farewell sermon Jesus never mentioned us expressly praying to the Holy Spirit. I do not condemn you if you do." Exactly right. It is perfectly acceptable to pray to any member of the Trinity, but you're correct that the general pattern of prayer is *to* the Father, in the *name* of the Son, with the Holy Spirit *interpreting* our prayers (Romans 8:26).
Comment: @casey is this comment anchored in the Bible: "No man accurately understands what that means and that's ok" or is it just a general opinion of believers?
Comment: @Casey, "Psa 139:7 Whither shall I go from thy spirit?" would seem to be evidence of the omnipresence of the Holy Spirit.
Comment: @Rick 1 Corinthians 8:2 is where that idea comes from. If you think you know everything than you really know nothing especially about God.
Comment: @Rick i never denied that the Holy Spirit or God the Father were omnipresent i just merely point out their main residence is separate for some reason. The Holy Spirit was sent by the Father to Earth to live in our hearts.
Answer: The Father, Son and Spirit are 3 separate persons. The Father is not the Son or the Spirit and vice-versa. (eg It was not the father Who died on the cross and it was the Spirit Who came upon the disciples at Pentecost.)
All 3 Persons are equal in power and glory. There is no distinction at all on that point. That is because they all fully partake of the essence of what it means to be God (Eternal & unchangeable in His being, wisdom, power, holiness, justice, goodness and truth....Summary only). The one essence is not the persons though. I think of essence more as characteristics, though the characteristics must be combined in to an indissoluble whole to comprise the essence of what it means to be God.
So there is no hierarchy of power between the 3 Persons. There is only differentiation of roles. eg the Father elects, the Son pays the price of redemption and the Holy Spirit applies to us the redemption purchased by the Son.
Comment: Hi again. This is going to sound odd, but [we're not a Christian site](http://meta.christianity.stackexchange.com/q/193/4188). To avoid endless fights, we have decided that (for the purpose of this site) any group [that calls themselves "Christian"](http://meta.christianity.stackexchange.com/q/193/4188) is one; that includes Jehovah's Witness.
Comment: Once you have chat privileges, I'd also like to discuss how you correlate the first and third paragraphs if you're willing.
Comment: Thankyou Ryan for pointing out the rules. Not too sure how to apply for chat....
Comment: It requires 20 reputation points. The link is at the top of the screen.
Comment: Hi Ryan,happy to chat now that 20 points are in.
Comment: Alright, though I'm at a family reunion so I will not be able to until Monday.
Comment: No probs...enjoy the family!!
Answer: I did some research, and this is what I understood about. I tried to put it in a way for easy understanding, thats why it looks brief and short.
FATHER ("Insight on the Scriptures" Volume 1, pages 814-815)

The Hebrew word 'av, translated "father," is a mimetic (imitative) word taken from the first and simplest sounds of infant lips. The Hebrew 'av and the Greek pa·ter´ are both used in various senses: as begetter, or progenitor, of an individual (Pr 23:22; Zec 13:3; Lu 1:67), the head of a household or ancestral family (Ge 24:40; Ex 6:14), an ancestor (Ge 28:13; Joh 8:53), a founder of a nation (Mt 3:9), a founder of a class or profession (Ge 4:20, 21), a protector (Job 29:16; Ps 68:5), the source of something (Job 38:28), and a term of respect (2Ki 5:13; Ac 7:2).
YHWH God as Creator is called Father. (Isa 64:8; compare Ac 17:28, 29.) He is also the Father of spirit-begotten Christians, the Aramaic term 'Ab·ba'´ being used as an expression of respect and of close filial relationship. (Ro 8:15.) All who express faith with a hope of everlasting life can address God as Father. (Mt 6:9) Jesus Christ, the Messiah, because of being God's Chief Agent of life, was prophetically called Eternal Father. (Isa 9:6) Also, anyone who has imitators and followers, or those who exhibit his qualities, is regarded as a father to them. (Mt 5:44, 45; Ro 4:11, 12) In this sense the Devil is spoken of as a father.—Joh 8:44; compare Ge 3:15.

Applying "father" to men as a formalistic or religious title was forbidden by Jesus (Mt 23:9). Because of Paul's bringing the good news to certain Christians and nourishing them spiritually he was like a father to them, but in no scripture is "father" applied to him as a religious title. (1Co 4:14, 15) Paul likened himself to both a father and a mother in his relation to the Thessalonian Christians. (1Th 2:7, 11) Whereas reference is made at Luke 16:24, 30 to "father Abraham," this is basically in the sense of fleshly ancestry.

SPIRIT ("Reasoning from the Scriptures", pages 380-384)

Definition: The Hebrew word ru´ach and the Greek pneu´ma, which are often translated "spirit", have a number of meanings. All of them refer to that which is invisible to human sight and which gives evidence of force in motion. The Hebrew and Greek words are used with reference to (1) wind, (2) the active life-force in earthly creatures, (3) the impelling force that issues from a person's figurative heart and that causes him to say and do things in a certain way, (4) inspired utterances originating with an invisible source, (5) spirit persons, and (6) God's active force, or holy spirit. Several of these usages are here discussed in relation to topics that may arise in the field ministry.

What is the holy spirit?

A comparison of Bible texts that refer to the holy spirit shows that it is spoken of as 'filling' people; they can be 'baptized' with it; and they can be "anointed" with it. (Luke 1:41; Matt. 3:11; Acts 10:38) None of these expressions would be appropriate if the holy spirit were a person.
  Jesus also referred to the holy spirit as a "helper" (Greek, pa·ra´kle·tos), and he said that this helper would "teach," "bear witness," "speak," and 'hear.' (John 14:16, 17, 26; 15:26; 16:13) It is not unusual in the Scriptures for something to be personified. For example, wisdom is said to have "children". (Luke 7:35) Sin and death are spoken of as being kings. (Rom. 5:14, 21) While some texts say that the spirit "spoke," other passages make clear that this was done through angels or humans. (Acts 4:24, 25; 28:25; Matt. 10:19, 20; compare Acts 20:23 with 21:10, 11.) At 1 John 5:6-8, not only the spirit but also "the water and the blood" are said to 'bear witness'. So, none of the expressions found in these texts in themselves prove that the holy spirit is a person.

The correct identification of the holy spirit must fit all the scriptures that refer to that spirit. With this viewpoint, it is logical to conclude that the holy spirit is the active force of God. It is not a person but is a powerful force that God causes to emanate from himself to accomplish his holy will.—Ps. 104:30; 2 Pet. 1:21; Acts 4:31.

Hope this would answer your question... ;)
These 2 books I used is released by "Watchtower Bible and Track Society" in 1985/1989. In these books there are mentioned their web page, witch is actually looks like it's closed, and is guiding to visit JW.org. This is where I found that they have many of their publications available to download in e-pub or PDF formats, but I couldn't see the books I used to quoted from.
Comment: http://www.jehovahs-witness.com/topic/my-wife-getting-baptized-on-19th?page=7 and http://www.topix.com/forum/topstories/TDSK78KI1UGDBVQ6T/p1260?redirid=1355243307 several others. Even if they are your words they exist elsewhere on the web and are under different copyright licenses in each place.
Comment: The other thing is that there is no original text here. Could you perhaps quote less and talk more? Content should be similar to a research paper in that it's mostly original text with quotations to support your thesis, not primarily quotations.
Comment: Great, one more thing, make it clear when your quoting by using the markdown quote syntax (put a > in front of your text). Second, can you link to online versions of these resources (or if they don't exist online then amazon or the publisher is fine)?
Comment: Hi and welcome to our community. Is any of this your words? It looks like it's completely ripped off form other places. Could you please shorten the length of your quotes and use more of your own words (in addition to revealing your sources instead of plagiarizing and making it look like it's your own).
Comment: Hi, and thanks for your greeting. Yes, in my post there are many **my** words :) Nothing is ripped off from other places, if you mean *copy* and *paste*. Most of the text I *tipped in* is from the books I have on my desk. Basically from ***the Holy Scripture***. This is my main source, beside my old text documents about the researches I have been doing and accumulating information for years... :)
Comment: Interesting that one in the second link. But I have to admit, never knew of existence of these two web pages. Anyway, I am going to edit my answer and **add** the sources where I got the info from ;)
Comment: Thank you for the advice, I'm sill just learning...
I know that These 2 books I used is released by "Watchtower Bible and Track Society" in 1985/1989. In these books there are mentioned [their web page](http://www.watchtower.org), witch is actually looks like it's closed, and is guiding to visit [JW.org](http://www.jw.org/en/publications/books/). This is where I found that they have many of their publications available to download in _e-pub_ or _PDF_ formats, but I couldn't see the books I used to quoted from.
Answer: In some ways the best way to observe the different relations that exist within trinity is in how they operate in their unified works.  It is well described by John Owen:

The beginning of divine operations is assigned unto the Father, as he is fons et origo Deitatis,—"the fountain of the Deity itself:" "Of him, and through him, and to him, are all things," Rom. 11:36. The subsisting, establishing, and "upholding of all things," is ascribed unto the Son: "He is before all things, and by him all things consist," Col. 1:17. As he made all things with the Father, so he gives them a consistency, a permanency, in a peculiar manner, as he is the power and wisdom of the Father. He "upholdeth all things by the word of his power," Heb. 1:3. And the finishing and perfecting of all these works is ascribed to the Holy Spirit, as we shall see. (Works of John Owen, Vol 3, P94)

We can see these relations in the very first three verses of the Bible:

In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the waters.  And God said, "Let there be light," and there was light. (Genesis 1:1-3, NIV)

We see that God the Father is the originating will being expressed through the Son, for 'God says' that is the Father expresses the Son who is his word in creating and sustaining the creation. The Son proceeds from the Father.  Regarding the Spirit, he is said to be sent from the Father and sent from the Son.  In this example right from the beginning, the earth is formless but the Spirit is hovering over the waters.  This establishes a concept that the Holy Spirit is about to add a perfecting completion of the Trinity's work, finishing the creation into perfection after originated in the Father's command through his word, the Son.  The Spirit is acting as the perfecting and immediate cause of the operations of the Godhead in and on the creation. The relation therefore of the Holy Spirit to the Father, is that the Holy Spirit 'proceeds' from the Father, being his immediate presence to his creation and perfecting the works of the Godhead which originally proceed from the Father. The Spirit never sends the Father anywhere.  This seems to the key distinction in the Spirit's relation to the Father. It might seem like a minor point, yet it established a clear relation.
Comment: Slightly different. By 'sent' I am referring to discrete occurrences in the bible of the blessings associated with the continual works of the Spirit, sent upon the church. By 'proceeds' I mean the eternal unchanging relationship. The discrete in analogous to the continuous. Similar to the Son being eternally begotten from the Father, the Spirit eternally proceeds from the Father and from the Son, being the Spirit (breath) of both the Father and the Son.
Comment: Is proceeding from the Father and being sent by the Father the same thing?


In a Notebook, How can I set every cell to be an Initialization cell?

Question: At present, I do this by manually setting every cell in a notebook to be Initialization cell. There must be a better way!
When I finish work  one day and re-open the notebook the next day, I want all the cells to be evaluated.
Comment: To answer the implicit Y question, you could also use `DumpSave[]` to save all the results and `Get[]` to reload them. You can save all the definitions (of variables and functions) in a whole context ``"Global`"`` might be appropriate for some workflows. Or you could work on a project in a context you define.
Comment: Another option is to use a "Wolfram Language Package" under the File/New/ Package/Script (a .wl file). The default is to use a code cell instead of an Input cell. One downside is that your output isn't preserved after you close the file, but if you're going to re-evaluate anyway, maybe that doesn't matter to you. You can still manually create Input cells and do many things supported in a .nb, including text, Graphics, etc.
Answer: If you want the entire notebook converted to Initialization cells, Ctrl-A the notebook, selecting all the cells and then Ctrl-8 to convert them all to Initialization cells.


Android - How to check if a textview is currently showing keyboard input

Question: I have an activity where a text view gains focus of a keyboard.
I set an ontouchlistener to the parent view; if the click is outside the range of the textview, I am hiding my textview by using ;
InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager)getActivity().getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(textView.getWindowToken(), 0);

My only problem is, if the keyboard is not showing and the parent is clicked on, it keeps firing up those two lines, which ultimately causes useless transactions (I like to save as much processing as possible ..)
I have been trying to use some textview methods like hasfocus or isfocused etc but I can't quite seem to find one that only fires off the text view makes a keyboard show ...
Does anyone know if this is even possible?
THe if statement below is the place I would like to put the method ..
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
        if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
            if (textView.*SOME METHOD HERE*?) {
                Log.e(TAG, "LOSING FOCUS");
                InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) getActivity().getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
                imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(textView.getWindowToken(), 0);
            }
        }
                    return true;
    }

Thanks
Answer: Check the configuration.  The keyboardHidden value will hold whether any keyboard is out.  This will work unless there's a face keyboard (think Blackberry style).  If those are important you'll need some more complicated logic including the keyboard field and hardKeyboardHidden fields.


Why doesn't the FullText search find it?

Question: I need a search engine which works on MySql database,
And I have FULLTEXT index on the columns, but for some reason - Sometimes he finds what I ask him for and sometimes he doesn't - And I really don't understand why.
For instance, I have in my MyIsam songs table a name column which indexed FULLTEXT.
And I have these records:
Sweet child o' mine , Don't Cry
And when I do this query:
$query = $msi->query("SELECT `name` FROM songs WHERE MATCH(`name`) AGAINST ('Mine') ");
while($fetch = $query->fetch_assoc())
echo $fetch['name']."
";

It finds it.
But when I do this:
$query = $msi->query("SELECT `name` FROM songs WHERE MATCH(`name`) AGAINST ('Dont') "); // or 'don\'t' , 'dont cry' , 'Don\'t Cry' , etc..
while($fetch = $query->fetch_assoc())
echo $fetch['name']."
";

It doesn't.
And I really don't understand why..
Another example is that I have another artist column on the same table which has a record - 'Sia'.
And even when I do the query to find 'Sia' , it doesn't work!!
Can someone explain me why?? (it's not the because of the min length - I use in_boolean_mode)
By the way, I use wampserver, so I thought that it might have something to do with that their MySql is not updated to the last version of it or something like that..
Please Help! I'm desperate.. :(
Answer: Dont is a stop word
You should edit the stop word lists
Comment: "You should edit the stop word lists" - Where can I do that?? :D


Does generator power cord gauge have to be the same as the power inlets gauge?

Question: I wired my generator inlet power box with 8 gauge to a 50amp breaker in my box. Can I use a 6 gauge power cord to connect my generator to that inlet power box? Will this cause any issues or power loss? I'm having trouble finding a generator power cord that's 8 gauge 50 amps. My generator runs 9500 watts. Thanks for any help with this question.
Answer: 9500 watts is about 40 AMPS at 240v. 8 gauge is good for 40 amps even in a cable. You can always use wires that are larger than needed, but not less.  Think thru this...most of the wiring in your house is probably 14 ga, or 12 ga. yet you are seldom using anywhere near that much on each circuit.  Same applies to your generator connection.   You might be slightly undersized for a larger generator, but for what you have now, you should be fine.


Name of theory stating "worldview affects language structure"

Question: I'm writing a paper on the Ju'Hoansi of South Africa for my anthropology class and I'm trying show how their egalitarian worldview might affect their language structure such as their lack of possessive pronouns. I remember skimming over a theory that stating a society's worldview affects language but I can't remember what it's called. What is the name of this theory?
Comment: Uh, well, actually, the Sapir-Whorf idea is that language structure affects cognition, rather than the other way around.  I don't know of a theory that worldview affects language.  There was an old idea that umlaut occurred in dialects of people living in the mountains, since they kept from losing too much heat by keeping their lips pursed.  Amusing.
Comment: Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis.  See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_relativity
Comment: I'm familiar with Sapir-Whorf but I'm looking for its converse. I know the theory has a name, just can't remember its name.
Comment: There is a book on the "philosophy of ntu", or some similar title, which claims a relationship between Bantu language structure and the idea that people are of the same stuff that all natural objects are.  "ntu" is stuff, and "ba-" is the plural human classifier, thus "bantu" means people.  But "ntu" can occur with other classifiers, as well, and so can represent stuff of all the sorts of the Bantu word classes.  Maybe that's something like what you're looking for.
Answer: When you write about that, it might be a good idea to accurately represent the facts of the language. For example, the language doesn't have special genitive case variants for pronouns, like English my, French mon etc. Instead, you just put the 1st person pronoun (or any possessor) before the head noun, as in mí g|à'ásì "my eyes" (1s eyes), dà'á g!ohsì (fire smoke) "the fire's smoke". When the possessor is a noun, possess can optionally be marked with a possessive particle ||'àn plus a pronoun referring to the possessor, as in dà'á ||'àn hì g!ohsì (fire poss. it(fire) smoke) "the fire's smoke". It also turns out that possessive marking is obligatory if the possessor noun is modified by an adjective, so dshàú gèsín ||'àn 'msi (woman other poss she food) "the other woman's food". If supposed "egalitarianism" means that they have no concept of possession, then you would predict that there is no way to say "my eyes" or "the other woman's food", but there is in fact a construction that is specific to expressing the notion of possession. Also, if there were no notion of possession, then there couldn't be a verb dcàá "steal" or a noun dcàákxàò "thief", since all stuff would be jointly owned
Answer: I'm not sure there's an accepted term for this. I think this could still be conceived of as a type of 'linguistic relativity', though. Especially, since there's always an interplay between 'reality', culture, and language even in cases of the Sapir-Whorf style of relativity.
Daniel Everett has been proposing a theory of how the Pirahã's evidentiality (and other) features are influenced by their cultural insistence on witness testimony for topics of conversation. He discusses it both in the context of and in contrast to linguistic relativity but I don't think he has a specific label for this position. (See e.g. this paper and his book).
Comment: I agree that both directions of influence can be referred to as 'linguistic relativism'. Didn't the anthropologist Levy-Bruhl believe in a kind of reverse Whorfianism? Maybe we should call it 'Levy-Bruhlism'?


How to hide my ip and browsing history from others on my network?

Question: I need to hide my activity and IP address from those I share this network with. I'm unsure if a VPN will serve my needs, because I'm not concerned about the sites I access tracking me. I'm concerned about the owners of the network seeing what sites I'm visiting. I don't want my history showing up on their logs. What to do?
Comment: Using someone else's network comes with some responsibilities. They are in charge of the network and its integrity, and therefore have some rights to monitor how it is being used.
Comment: Hopefully you're not smuggling child porn. Anyways, VPN over TCP port 443 should do it on most cases.
Answer: A VPN or an anonymity network such as TOR can hide the details of your activity from your network's owner, although the fact that you are using TOR or a VPN is not hidden (and may in and of itself be considered suspicious activity).  You need to be careful when setting this up, though, since mistakes such as DNS leakage (where your DNS queries go out over the regular network) or split tunneling on your VPN (where some connections go out over the regular network) can defeat your attempts at preserving your privacy.  Your best bet is to use something like a TAILS LiveCD where someone else has already looked at the technical pitfalls of configuring things.
You cannot hide your IP address from the network owner in any meaningful way.
Comment: Hiding your IP on the local network is known as either pulling your network jack, turning off your wi-fi or shutting the computer off... No address, no delivery. As long as there aren't persistent arp table entries. Every time this question is asked, much laughter and forehead palming is generated.
Answer: Also most information has to be displayed somewhere, somehow and at sometime. How would you do this without an endpoint? Maybe send it everywhere rather than to one particular host? Why not just use your byod and 4G connection for yourself.
Of course, if said network operators are themselves being rather naughty, then they can do your job for you.
Answer: If the local network management has control over your client machine, you have no sure way (you can't guarantee, what type of watching software will they use).
If they don't: practically, you have to

Hide your traffic (to protect from watching on the routers)
Hide your browsing history.

For (1) the best solution if you have a remote "helper", practically a vpn server, and all of your communication happens with it on an encrypted vpn channel. But it can't always happen, for example because you don't have a remote server, or you can't install a vpn.
As an alternative, you can yet use tor. Tor hides for your network, where you are connecting, and hides from your target servers, where you are. But: it doesn't encrypts your connection, you need to install furhter encryption plugins to do that (f.e. https-everywhere).
Next to that, you have to delete your browsing history.


Is there any state-by-state data on approval for LBJ or the Vietnam War?

Question: I cannot find any data on approval ratings for LBJ on a state by state level.
Comment: This question is better suited to [History SE](https://history.stackexchange.com/).
Comment: @RickSmith or maybe [Open Data SE](https://opendata.stackexchange.com)
Comment: I agree with @RickSmith - it's not off topic here (it's still definitively politics), but the people with the expertise to be able to find an good source for polling data from the 60s are more likely to be over on History than here.
Comment: There are probably select states for which that data is available from polling in state level political races that asked that as an additional question, but the data probably isn't available for all 50 states in a single poll.
Answer: State by state approval of Johnson would be hard to find relevant polling information available to the public.   His re-election exploratory committee obviously  felt it would have been abysmal as Johnson declined to enter the Democrat Primaries for '68, thus the most widely statistics from actual election polls would not have listed him (public polling organizations tend not to poll state by state, and party polling tend not to get publicly released).  Clearly the numbers were not there.   1968 was a year that was incredibly bad to Democrats, as Johnson was not the first Democrat to announce his plans to run for the Primaries (it's considered an rare event that a sitting president is running against a primary challenger from his or her own party, and usually a bad sign for the President if they are polling well prior to the primary races).  Then the front runner, Robert Kennedy, was assassinated by Surhan Surhan in 2 month prior to the Democratic National Convention, which was considered a spectacular disaster both inside the building and outside.  Democratic Presidential Nominee, Hurbert Humphrey narrowly beat out candidates supported by democrats who were opposed to the Vietnam War, and Humphrey's Presidential Campaign was marred by a party base that didn't want Johnson and a candidate who was seen as too much like Johnson by the base.  He was further marred in several reliable Democrat states in the deep South (Namely all gulf states excluding Texas and Florida plus Georgia and a faithless elector in North Carolina) that broke for Third Party Candidate George Wallace over Johnson's signing of the Civil Rights act, which ended Jim Crow laws supported by Southern Democrats.
If we go with Humphrey was liked as much as Johnson and take the 68 election state votes (States won, not electors), the best guess is that Johnson was popular in only 13 states, plus D.C. (Maine, Mass, RI, CT, NY, PA, MD, WV, MI, TX, MN, OR, HI).
Answer: As for Vietnam there are some statistics from diferend years:

So as can be seen on the graphics there were changes during the years.
Comment: The question is asking for a breakdown in those ratings per US state, such as New York, Kentucky, etc. rather than different stages of the war.
Comment: @JJJ Sorry looks like I mised that. Is my answer now offtopic? Should I delete it?
Comment: Yea I think you might as well. Or edit / reanswer if you find polling data which does break it down by state. :P


Does running Dark Souls at higher frame rate cut down reaction time window?

Question: Dark Souls is locked to 30fps on all platforms, but there's a mod DSFix which allows running the game at 60fps.
Comment: What's your question? It looks like you answered the question in the title in the main body of the post.
Comment: Answers don't belong in the question.  I have rolled back your addition for that reason.
Comment: @MageXy: No speculative answers. I haven't and I'm not able to accurately test this.
Answer: A comment on Steam:

[...] parry windows and invisibility frames are tied to the frame rate.
  Sword & board 60fps is doable, but with a more fragile character that
  relies on rolling and parrying it's a mess.

From this answer:

[...] the active frame window for parrying (one of the most advanced combat
  maneuvers) is from 6 to 8 frames, I assume it is the same for kicking.
That being said, the game runs at ~30 fps giving you a whole 1/5 of a
  second to input the commands together.

Logically, at 60fps the time frame window of 6-8 frames would be 1/10-1/8 seconds, if indeed tied to fps.
Comment: I thought this had been fixed in later versions…
Comment: @l0b0: Do you mean later versions of DSfix?
Comment: No, I meant DS itself. In fact I thought the PC version of DS supported 60 FPS natively, but I don't have a Windows PC to confirm this.
Comment: @l0b0: Dark Souls is definitely **locked to 30fps**, the PC version is directly ported from consoles. DS II and III have 60fps support.
Comment: Don't forget that you can't jump as far when the frame rate is higher then 30, thus making certain jumps for items significantly harder.
Answer: In answer to your question, I believe it does. invulnerability frames, as they are called, occur when you are rolling or dodging. It means if you get struck during these frames, you will not take damage. The amount of frames can vary.
For example, I don't know if this is the correct amount but say a medium roll is 50 frames long. For the first 10 of these frames, you can still take damage. For the next 30, you are invulnerable to damage. For the final 10, you can take damage again.
Now if you're running the game at 30fps , Those 'iframes' (as they are confusingly referred to!) last for one second. As far as I've been able to tell from playing the game on across console, PC, and PC with DSFix, playing it in 60fps reduces the perceived duration of the iframes. It's the same amount of frames, but they're over a lot quicker due to the higher framerate.
As far as I can tell, anyway. Dark Souls' mechanics are cryptic even when you're not meddling with mods!
Answer: While Dark Souls iFrames (i stands for invincibility) are related to frames, DSFix's 60 Fps-Unlock is compensating this with doubling your iFrames (So on fast-roll you have 24 Frames invincibility instead of tge regular 12).
There is a reddit thread already discussing this.
After playing several hundred hours of Dark Souls, I learned to value every one iFrame, and I am able to confirm that there is no anti-proportional loss in invincibility with 60 FPS enabled. However, you should consider that some attributes of your roll are changed, e.g. the covered ground. Also consider deactivating 60 FPS for some bosses (Arty in particular), because (I feel like) some tracking of attacks and their lingering effects are improved!
Comment: I appreciate your answer, but the Reddit thread hasn't attracted much attention (and wikis can be edited by anyone). If you find a comment by the developer Durante I will accept your answer.


Unable to change brightness with ubuntu 13.10 on ASUS 453t series (It worked with Ubuntu 13.04)

Question: The brightness icon is shown but nothing happens.
Even if I try to change the brightness in "System Settings" nothing happens.
The thing is it didn't happen with Ubuntu 13.04, so I would like to know how to solve it or how to erase the upgrade to use the 13.04 version.
Answer: Got the workaround for this
Edit the file /etc/default/grub. Change the line:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

to
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="quiet splash acpi_osi=Linux acpi_backlight=vendor"

and then save and then run:
sudo update-grub

Then restart the computer, then it should work.
This might allow you to reduce the brightness from 'Brightness & Lock' in system settings. But your function combination keys might not work. Though this is not a perfect solution, you can get the job done with this :-)
Comment: thanks for this solution, but it doesn't work for me. As a matter of fact, the brightness settings disappear entirely from the system settings if I do this --- slider is gone.
Answer: Sort of worked for me. The hotkeys sort of work sometimes, I have at least dimmed the display from where it was.
The settings slider don't work at all!
The catalyst control for brightness works.
Answer: One thing to try would be to create the file /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf with the following content:

Section "Device"
    Identifier  "card0"
    Driver      "intel"
    Option      "Backlight"  "intel_backlight"
    BusID       "PCI:0:2:0"

EndSection

...and log out and back in again to see if it works. Try it without any additional kernel parameters.


Finding dataset for some specific years

Question: Is there any websites where I can find the health risk prediction open source tabular dataset in the year between 2015 - 2017?  Also, I need to find out some research papers that used those datasets. I know about the Google Dataset website but it seems not very resourceful.
Answer: You may find the dataset on IEEE Dataport

Finding dataset for some specific years


sorting photos from every minute to every hour

Question: I have a data base of time lapse photos that have been taken for a period of a week, but i made a  newbies mistake and set the setting up for a photo every second, filled up my memory drive. Anyways my question is there a quicker way of sorting those photos on an hourly basis instead of 60 photos for every hr? to be more specific i only want the photos taken at for example 00:00:00 not 00:00:01, 00:00:20.. etc...
Thank you in advanced for your help
Comment: Most of the decent photo managers can do this task. You folder\file renaming template should looks like: %YYYY\%mm\%year-%mm-%dd_%hh-%###, where %hhh is a counter that help you when you have several images taken within the same hour.
Answer: If you can afford to lose the original file names, Total Commander has a very handy Multi-Rename tool for achieving that. Sort your files by ascending date (Ctrl-F5), select all (Ctrl+A), open the multi-rename dialog (Ctrl-M), enter X[YMD][hm] as the file name mask, and start the renaming process. The program will warn you that there would be duplicate names, and rename only the first file of each minute. After the rename, you can just sort by name; all the first photos within their minute will have a name starting with X.
Answer: I don't know of any software that could do this, but you could do this through the terminal/command prompt by writing a bash script. grep and regular expressions would be useful.


What is it the best time to leave the Laning Phase?

Question: Even after you take the turret should you continue to pressure lane or is roaming a must?
Answer: Lane phase is a part of the game to help people understand the mechanics.

When do a leave my lane ?

You can start roaming even before break the turret.

When is a good moment to start my roaming?

You start your roaming when:

You have vision of the path you are going to (to avoid ganks)
Your lane is pushed
The opponent is not pushing your lane too hard
After a kill and with good health, mana and cd

How can I do a good roaming ?

Buy some wards to river.
Be aware of the opponent wards.
Don't let they know where you are or where you are going
Keep good hit points, mana and cd
Know where you have the major possibility of get the kill/help your
team

When do I need stay in my lane?

If your lane is in balance. (minions on the mid of the lane)
If your opponent keep pushing (if you kill him, then is a good moment to roaming before recalling)
If you are losing your lane
Answer: Completely depends on the champion you are playing and who you are laning against. Sometimes it is important for you to keep farming, especially if you don't have much of an ability to do roaming ganks unless of course your other lanes are losing and need help. Also, if you are laning against somebody who needs farm like Nasus for example, then you should keep denying them as much as possible. This is a very situational question.
Answer: A good idea is to keep track of drake/baron, if they are about to spawn then push the lane as far as you can (ofcourse without risking getting ganked). Else stay and farm to get fed from minions, 13 lasthits is roughly worth a kill so it is defiently worth farming until you got your core-build.
Answer: These generic questions are impossible to answer.  It depends on your team and how you like to play the game.  If your team is ok with it and the role you play is that of a split pusher, then you never really leave the laning phase.  A good example of this was HotshotGG of CLG.NA when he played his Nidalee.  He goes solo top, and pushes all day.  His team might give up dragon, but he'd be pushing to second tower on top.  His team goes as 4 to pressure another lane, and he's still pushing top.  He never really left top lane the whole game, so he never really ended the laning phase.  This is a perfectly viable strategy if your team understands this and builds/picks for it.
Conversely, if you are Lanewick solo top, you know you have an amazing level 6 gank - since that's when jungle ww starts getting great ganks with his ult.  So you may go ahead and choose to end the laning phase so you can start counterjungling, roaming, ganking, etc.
The one thing that can be said in a generic fashion is you should NEVER be idling in the game.  If there are no objectives up and your team is not grouping to teamfight, then you should farm something, warding/counterwarding, do something.  The only time you may idle is when your champion is going back to fountain or you just died and waiting for respawn timer.


How does the brain fake itself into hearing our own sounds even when we are not speaking?

Question: Typically When we are talking to our own selves at any time in the day,the Brain thinks that it's me who's speaking , how does it create illusion of speaking ?
Comment: Two points.  First, does it really create the illusion of speech, or is it just processing language?  E.g. my mental "voice" doesn't sound at all like my actual speaking voice, even if it could be said to have a sound.  Second, why limit it to speech?  I can internally "listen" to music, either works I'm familiar with, or things I make up.  (Indeed, sometimes it's hard to get the music out of my head - see "earworm" :-))
Comment: That's true :) it isn't just limited to my own voice you're right !
Answer: Our brains treat 'talking to ourselves' very similarly to talking to others. There's a small amount of evidence in studies to suggest that when we talk to ourselves, it's like verbalising the speech out loud.
Before you speak out loud, the part of your brain responsible for creating speech copies that information, and moves it the appropriate verbalising areas of the brain. However, at the same time in a process called efference-copy, it also copies it to the area of the brain responsible for listening to sounds. This process overall means that our brains can distinguish sounds that come from ourselves, and sounds that come from other people.
This also partially goes to explain why people with schizophrenia have difficulty recognising their own internal voices as 'own'. It's likely that this process has gone awry in these people, meaning they're not able to recognise their internal voice as themselves.
Here's a link to some research done in Sydney on this matter.


Why do I see a 'Yay' with a 70% match, and a 'Booo' with a 75% match?

Question: Just what the title states.
I'm just a couple of days into this idle CPU utilization thing; I run a CPU miner (x-coin-minerd on a Windows 7 box).
Scrolling through the command line output I see several lines that say 'accepted' - some show a 'Yay', whilst others show a 'Booo'. Yet some 'Yay' show a lower match (70%), and some 'Boo' show a higher match (>75%).
(The previous entries were lost, but the most recent Yay/Boo visible on the command line are posted below for reference)

[2014-06-24 08:37:25] accepted: 14/15 (93.33%), 89.76 khash/s (booooo)
[2014-06-24 08:37:45] accepted: 15/16 (93.75%), 89.75 khash/s (yay!!!)

Why do I see a 'Yay' with a 70% match, and a 'Booo' with a 75% match?
Answer: I think that it shows "booooo" when a share is rejected, and "yay!!!" when a share is accepted.
In x/y (z%)

x is the number of accepted shares
y is the number of total shares submitted (accepted+rejected)
z is x/y as a percentage (the percent that are accepted)

Why do I see a 'Yay' with a 70% match, and a 'Booo' with a 75% match?

Because you had a success which raised you to a 70% success rate, and later (after a few more successes) had a rejection which lowered you to a 75% success rate.
(BTW, I hope you know that mining any SHA256 or Scrypt coin on a CPU is almost certain to cost you more than it can earn you)
Comment: It might be worthwhile explaining what it means when a share is "accepted" vs. "rejected", and why this distinction exists.
Answer: I'll back up his (BTW, I hope you know that mining any SHA256 coin on a CPU is almost certain to cost you more than it can earn you)
I'm mining it with a usb gekkoscience asic at 23,000,000,000  23gigahash, and getting 4 1 cent an hour..
the only reason I'm actualy earning anything is I'm only going through 2.5 watts of power...
your probably going through 100's :-(


Wiring 3v 20ma LEDs

Question: So I'm going to ask my girlfriend to prom and I'm currently in a digital engineering class in high school and I thought to myself hey what if I made a little board with some LEDs that lit up and said "Prom?". I have ordered some Chanzon 5mm 3v and 20ma LED diodes from Amazon, I'm not entirely sure how many LEDs I will need just yet but, I know I will be using more than 60 but no more than 100, I came into this thinking I would be able to just run them all in a series and it would light up. I have now gotten deeper into this project and I am in need of some help, if you can offer any help it would all be greatly appreciated, thank you
Comment: I would highly suggest you get a "strip" of LEDs already arranged with a current limiting resistor, they commonly exist in 12v varieties that can then be powered from a variety of sources & are generally more forgiving than an individual unprotected LED
Comment: @user2813274 no reason other than laziness to do that. Op wants to build it, and it's simple enough to do.
Comment: 60 to 100 is a lot of leds though.  Power isn't to big of a problem, but how big of a sign are you thinking? And you definitely want to defuse them (sand them foggy)
Comment: I was planning on placing a sanded piece of plastic or plexiglass or something of that sort and I'm planning on using 24 bolts a 9 volt and 4 double a
Comment: And the board I'm thinking of buying is 4.6 x 6.6
Answer: No, you won't be able to wire them all in series, but how you wire them depends a lot on what power source you intend to use.  Do you want this to be portable, i.e. battery operated?  How long do you intend to let it run?  I image a fairly short time?
You could drive them directly without resistors as Matt suggested, but I would be careful about that - you might not get consistent intensity from them, and on the other hand you might also overdrive them, especially if you have them all in parallel at 3V.
You can minimize the number of resistors though with longer chains.  Maybe a couple of 9V in series would work.  Wire about 4-5 per chain plus a resistor in series.  Assuming 3V each with 5 in series, you would have 15V. For nominal 9V batteries you would have about 18V, so 3V to drop 20mA.  150 Ohm resistor.  You may not need 20mA though, so you could try resistors like 180, 220, or 330 Ohm.  Having more in series should help keep them more consistent in intensity because the forward drops will average out somewhat in each chain.  You can experiment along these lines to see what works best for you.  And good luck!

simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab
Comment: Thank you very much I have been thinking about it still and I ended up using 61 LEDs just for the sake of planning to set a for sure number I think I'm going with a series/parallel with the most being 8 in a column and then a resistor at the end and I found this nifty LED circuit generator http://led.linear1.org/led.wiz and I'm going to determine the needed resistor by just chasing the amount of LEDs that I'm using but keeping the same voltage and current.
Comment: I was wanting to do battery pack of 2 9 volts and a pack of 4 double a in the bottom of the box I'm making for it. Does this sound like it will work? If so is there a special switch I would have to buy or would just a regular one from Radioshack work? It wouldn't let me comment the whole thing so this is the second part
Comment: Cool site!  The switch you use will depend on your final requirements.  Why are you planning to use 2 different battery packs?  Are the batteries going to wired in series?  If so you would only need a SPST switch at a minimum.  If they will be wired to LEDs separately, you would need a DPST switch.  Either way, it would need to be rated the current you are planning.  So e.g. if you have 10 chains of 6, with each drawing 20mA, the switch would need to be rated to allow at least 200mA.  Most likely a switch you find at Radio Shack would be fine.
Comment: There is an easy circuit editor that you can use to draw what you are planning if you want it checked over.
Comment: I was planning on using two battery packs because wouldn't I need the total voltage of the amount of LEDs in the series, I was planning on doing chains of 8 because it's the size I would like and the letters come out looking great in design, I just figured I would need to do the 8 LEDs at most in the line and then multiply that by 3.4 which I need 27.2 volts or am I doing this wrong?

Wiring 3v 20ma LEDs


whiptail or dialog

Question: I am going to create a script which will use user input, so I decided to use whiptail.
But now I'm a little bit confused about which one is portable and will work on Ubuntu 10.x and higher and CentOS 5.x and higher.
I know read, but I want a tool like dialog. If anybody knows any alternative just let me know.
Answer: whiptail is installed by default on most deb-based systems, while dialog is not.
Afair, on rpm-based whiptail is also default dialog app.
I guess it matters for you.
So whiptail is the right choice from point of portability.
Also whiptail is based on newt, while dialog is based on ncurses. From my point of view, the first one is more beautiful (:
Comment: The *script* might be more or less portable, but the dialog program itself is no less portable than whiptail.
Comment: After all written here, why would *whiptail* more beatiful than *dialog*? The latter has more features and better documentation.
Comment: Actually, since whiptail is maintained by debian as a replacement for dialog (which can simply be installed via apt, and I think is installed by default on RedHat & derivatives), I would say that it's the other way around. For portability, choose dialog and make it a dependency on Debian & derived.
Answer: According to the COMPATIBILITY section of the dialog(1) manual page:

Then there is whiptail.  For practical purposes, it is maintained by Debian  (very little work is done by its upstream developers).  Its documentation (README.whiptail) claims

whiptail(1) is a lightweight replacement for dialog(1),
    to provide dialog boxes for shell scripts.
    It is built on the newt windowing library rather than the ncurses library, allowing it to be smaller in embedded environments such as installers,
    rescue disks, etc.
whiptail is designed to be drop-in compatible with dialog, but has less features: some dialog boxes are not implemented, such as tailbox, timebox, calendarbox, etc.

Comparing  actual  sizes (Debian testing, 2007/1/10): The total of sizes for whiptail, the newt, popt and slang libraries is 757 KB.  The  comparable  number  for  dialog  (counting ncurses) is 520 KB.  Disregard the first paragraph.
The  second  paragraph is misleading, since  *whiptail** also does not work for common options of dialog, such as the gauge box.  whiptail  is  less  compatible  with  dialog  than  the original mid-1990s dialog 0.4 program.
whiptail's  manpage  borrows  features  from  dialog,  e.g.,  but  oddly cites only dialog versions up to 0.4 (1994) as a source.  That is, its manpage refers to features which were borrowed from more recent versions of dialog, e.g.,

--gauge (from 0.5)
--passwordbox (from Debian changes in 1999),
--default-item (from dialog 2000/02/22),
--output-fd (from dialog 2002/08/14).

Somewhat  humorously,  one may note that the popt feature (undocumented in its manpage) of using a "--" as an escape was documented in dialog's manpage about a year  before  it  was mentioned in whiptail's manpage.  whiptail's manpage incorrectly attributes that to getopt (and is inaccurate anyway).
Answer: (This is not necessarily an answer, but I posted as such due to the amount of code. I have no practical experience with whiptail. Will delete this later if a whiptail user posts a tested solution on this.)
As Bash Shell Scripting/Whiptail writes:

From its README: whiptail is designed to be drop-in compatible with
  dialog(1), but has less features: some dialog boxes are not
  implemented, such as tailbox, timebox, calendarbox, etc.

That means you not necessarily have to decide for one or the other. Just detect which one is available then let the script use it:
# check whether whiptail or dialog is installed
# (choosing the first command found)
read dialog <<< "$(which whiptail dialog 2> /dev/null)"

# exit if none found
[[ "$dialog" ]] || {
  echo 'neither whiptail nor dialog found' >&2
  exit 1
}

# just use whichever was found
"$dialog" --msgbox "Message displayed with $dialog" 0 0

(Yes, the above detection will fail on tools installed inside directories with name containing newline characters. I just kept it simple.)
Comment: Bruh... `timebox` and `calendarbox` were major to me... Used `dialog` instead. Who the heck won't implement these for any dialog software!? IMHO The main problem in these both is a bad/weak color customization. `8 colors`? Oh dear...
Answer: Why not use both:
(Requires bash 4)
#!/usr/bin/env bash
t(){ type "$1"&>/dev/null;}
function Menu.Show {
   local DIA DIA_ESC; while :; do
      t whiptail && DIA=whiptail && break
      t dialog && DIA=dialog && DIA_ESC=-- && break
      exec date +s"No dialog program found"
   done; declare -A o="$1"; shift
   $DIA --backtitle "${o[backtitle]}" --title "${o[title]}" \
      --menu "${o[question]}" 0 0 0 $DIA_ESC "$@"; }

Menu.Show '([backtitle]="Backtitle"
            [title]="Title"
            [question]="Please choose:")'          \
                                                   \
            "Option A"  "Stuff...."                \
            "Option B"  "Stuff...."                \
            "Option C"  "Stuff...."

Comment: So complicated.  Why not something like this: `which whiptail && window=whiptail; which dialog && window=dialog; [ -z window ] && echo "no whiptail or dialog"`.  Then the op can just do ` $window --title foo --msgbox bar 87 5 `.
Comment: because globals are bad, and functions are good?
Comment: Okay, fair enough.

whiptail or dialog


Knights' coat of arms colors

Question: Did knights in medieval Europe wear the colors of their own arms, those of the lord they were serving, or some combination?  Was this significantly different in different parts of the continent, or time periods?  In peacetime vs when at war?
Comment: The rules for heraldry varied between countries and cultures, so there's no single correct answer to your question. You might want to read the wikipedia entries for [heraldry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heraldry) and [Law of heraldic arms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_heraldic_arms) as a starting point.
Answer: At the rising of heraldry we could say many of coats of arms were assuming arbitrarily. But after the institution of colleges of heralds(arms), especially in Western Europe, the practice of assuming of arms became more and more regulate during the time. It is obvious that at the beginning there were no laws even in  designing(devices) of arms, let alone tincture. Kingdom of Jerusalem's coat of arms (as a early one) is one of the most famous instances of irregularity in canon of tincture: "Argent, a cross potent between four plain crosslets Or."
Comment: Those with coats of arms used them: that's what they're for. No one had an idea of uniforms. Feudal warriors showed up in whatevahs. The exception would be if someone made a gift of matching clothes to his servitors (cloth is cheaper by the bolt). What non-armigerous people wore to distinguish sides or groups were badges, like wearing a leek or a stem of broom in your hat. Later these might be a cast lead design with a pin, like you see Scottish clan badges.

Knights' coat of arms colors


Get all videos in a library to embed in page using JavaScript

Question: I have a video library in SharePoint 2013 and want to embed those videos in a publishing page on another site collection using JavaScript. The videos should be in a special order defined by a column "order".
What's the best way to achieve that?
Answer: The various way we can display the video in the SharePoint 2013 page - below are some recommended ways:
Media Web Part
This Web Part has been around since SharePoint 2010. Simply add it to a page, then use the Media tab at the top to configure its properties, such as the video to look at and whether to play it automatically. This Web Part has been around since SharePoint 2010. Simply add it to a page, then use the Media tab at the top to configure its properties, such as the video to look at and whether to play it automatically.
Video as page content
Also, on publishing pages and wiki pages, media content can directly be inserted into content areas, and the configuration of the media itself is the same. When editing these types of pages, the Insert tab will contain an option for video. You can navigate to your SharePoint content, or use the embed code for any video from SharePoint or the Internet.
Content Search Web Part
This is a new Web Part in SharePoint 2013, along with a whole category of Web Parts called Search-Driven Content. Video content can be displayed in this Web Part, and there is a Web-Part setting called Control, which has a setting called Slideshow. Videos can be displayed in this slideshow style so that they can be scrolled through in a pretty graphical interface. This screenshot is of a Content Search Web Part on the home page, which shows one video at a time and has two total videos:
Reference URL:
WORKING WITH VIDEO CONTENT IN SHAREPOINT 2013
Notes:

If you want more control over the displaying the video in a page, then the Content Search Web Part is recommended - this web part had been introduced in the SharePoint 2013 where we can customize the item display template and header display template, in this approach everything is under the control of developer because it is completely code based (javascript coding from the search result).
Answer: I ended up using JavaScript to get the videos and video.js to display them on the page.


How would you say "same thing" in Latin?

Question: How would you say "same thing" in Latin? As in the sentence: If only you were feeling the same thing that I feel for you?
Answer: This is best expressed with the neuter pronoun idem, "same", in Latin.
For example:

Utinam idem sentires ac ipsa/ipse sentio!
  If only you felt the same as I (fem/masc) feel!

Alternatively, you could use the plural eadem, "same things".
The difference in meaning is not huge, and Latin tends to favour plurals here more than English.
Latin doesn't usually use a noun for "thing" the same way English and many other languages do.
Instead, a pronoun or an adjective in neuter is used.
I assume you were only after an expression for "same thing" here.
If you want to find a good way to phrase the "for you" in "what I feel for you" in Latin, I recommend asking a new question.
Answer: I want to pick up on Joonas' answer, and just provide the sentence with the literal translation for "same thing":

Utinam sentires eandem rem quam sentio tibi

Whilst this might not be very common or appropriate for the particular context,  eadem res is a valid expression in Roman Law (see top of page here).
Comment: Interesting! Do you know whether *res* should be construed as a general "thing" or more like "case" or some other specific meaning in legal use?
Comment: @JoonasIlmavirta For what I can see, seems to refer to the thing to which the aspect of the law is relevant. In the case of a trial, is the case or matter under judgment. Perhaps is not that pertinent for other type of "things". In any case, I found one instance (haven't searched for more) of a use which seems to be more general than a legal context in Aquinas' _Summa Theologiae_ (see point 4 [here](http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth1015.html#29105)).


change price of product before add to cart through javascript in magento 2?

Question: is it possible to change price of product before add to cart through javascript in magento 2? I can't use observer because I am calculating price on product view page through users..
Answer: I would use the js to add a hidden input field with the calculated price and then add my own logic to an observer to update product price according to the input field.
However, you must assume that the value coming from the client is tampered and you can not really rely on that value. So you have to be able to verify the price on backend.


Redirecting URL to correct title by ID

Question: Websites retrieve an article merely by ID and the rest of url is not important at all. For example, all of these versions work
<code>http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7854223/redirecting-url-to-correct-title-by-id
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7854223/SOMETHING_ELSE
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7854223/
</code>
But well-developed websites like StackExchange will redirect any incorrect title (lines 2 and 3 of above list) to the original link structure (i.e. line 1).
How this process is conducted?
The basic idea is to simply redirect all requests to the corrected structure; then, this needs loading the page two times. However, this process is very fast and should be conducted with another method.
Answer: StackOverflow is using a 301 Moved Permanently redirect to achieve this. Use a Redirect Checker to see this.

Redirecting URL to correct title by ID


What is the difference between serializing and encoding?

Question: What is the difference between serializing and encoding?
When should I use each in a web service?
Answer: Serializing is about moving structured data over a storage/transmission medium in a way that the structure can be maintained. Encoding is more broad, like about how said data is converted to different forms, etc. Perhaps you could think about serializing being a subset of encoding in this example.
With regard to a web service, you will probably be considering serializing/deserializing certain data for making/receiving requests/responses - effectively transporting "messages". Encoding is at a lower level, like how your messaging/web service type/serialization mechanism works under the hood.
Comment: What serialization method does http & tcp use? Or is that not defined by those protocols, and instead left up to the implementation of the client and server software?


Put good GRE scores on resume submitted with grad app?

Question: If you have good GRE scores, is it a good idea to put them on the resume that you submit with your grad school application?
Answer: You typically have ETS send the school your official GRE scores anyway so this information is going to be redundant.
It shouldn't bother most people if it is on there but I don't see it helping you really either. I would only do it if I have some space needing to be filled on my resume and my scores were really high.
Answer: As said above, I would leave them off. Keep the resume for university and experience you've had.


Can an invisible neutron star exist?

Question: Basically a neutron/quark star that approaches it's Schwarzschild radius but doesn't surpass it. Its gravitational force is great enough to not let light escape from it, but not great enough to become a black hole.
Comment: If light _can't_ escape, then it _is_ a black hole, but the deeper a light source falls into a gravity well, the more the photons that escape will be red-shifted when they climb out.  For any given light source, there will be some amount of red shift that makes the photons _effectively_ undetectable even though, technically speaking, they do "escape."
Comment: Maybe you can look this, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetospheric_eternally_collapsing_object
Answer: If it is not a black hole, then light can escape from it. Why? Because a black hole is defined as something light cannot escape from.
Answer: The answer is "no" because only for a black hole can light never escape.
However, this question deserves a fuller answer because of a thing called the "photon sphere".
At the Schwartzchild radius of a compact body - whose mass is all inside the radius - light can no longer escape.  However, at a distance which is 1.5 times the Schwartzchild radius there is a thing called the photon sphere.  Any light incident on a massive body that comes from the outside of the photon sphere and enters it will invariably be "sucked into" the body.  Light that originates within the photon sphere, but outside the Schwartzchild radius, and is directed outwards, may still escape however.  This opens up the possibility that there exist objects so massive that their mass is within a photon sphere but not within the Schwartzchild radius.  Such objects would likely be neutron stars.
Now the fun part - what do we mean by "invisible"?  If by "invisible" we mean "I shine light on it and zero of it is ever reflected" then the answer to your question is "yes"!

Can an invisible neutron star exist?