Is it CMaj9/B or Cadd9/B?

Question: Because the /B is the Maj7, is it better to say Maj9/B or add9/B? I feel like the first is redundant, but the add9/B makes it sound like it omits the 7 until you realize that the /B is the 7th.
Which is conventional to use?
Answer: Having thought about this, it is context dependent.
In particular, consider the progression Cadd9 Cadd9/B Am7. In this case, the B is a passing tone in the bass. I would consider it separately to the rest of the chord. I have a song using a similar progression in front of me, and it's written Bb Bb/A Gm. I think that's clearer.
In other cases, it's probably better to just write Cmaj9/B. Unless you only want the B in the bass and nowhere else, but it's not a given that the performer will follow through on that desire. Chord symbols don't really specify voicing in that much detail.
Answer: It's a CMaj9 chords, so that's what you'd call it. The /B only specifies the inversion, but not the chord quality. So even without the /B it should be clear what chord it is.
To give an extreme example, would you prefer F/A or F(no 3rd)/A?
Comment: I don't disagree, but I think I might play CMaj9/B differently to Cadd9/B if I was reading them. I'd be much more likely to put a B in the upper structure of the former (on piano). But that might just be my interpretation.
Answer: If The B is ONLY in the bass, call it C(add9)/B.   If the next chord is C(add9)/A...  well, I think you take the point?   Chord symbols sometimes DO include information about voicing.
If the B also occurs in the upper structure, there is a case for Cmaj9/B.
Answer: In slash chords, the note after the slash tells what the bass, or lowest note should be. It doesn't necessarily denote what the chord itself is. If it was C/A, there's a simple Cmajor chord, and the bass note is A. That doesn't always mean it's a C6 chord.
So, with this premise, if you want the B to be only played as the bass note, write exactly what chord you need before it.
Cmaj9/B will have another B, higher than the bass B.
C(add9)/B will not have any more Bs than the bass note.
Usually, with slash chords, as mentioned in other answers, the bass note will be part of a sequence of notes, often over the same main chord. For instance - a series C, C/B, C/Bb shows the stable C triad, but with a bass part going somewhere - in this case probably to an F.

Is it CMaj9/B or Cadd9/B?


Horror movie about a killer who plays chess with his victims

Question: In this horror movie, the main character is kidnapped by a man who forces him to play chess against him. He proves to be quite a good player. For their final game, the kidnapper and the main character play a giant version of chess where dead bodies are used as the pieces, revealing that this man kills those who lose against him. During this match, he sees the ghosts of previous victims giving him hints on how to play. I think he either wins and is released or escapes by some other means, though I'm not sure about that part.
Answer: 5150 Elm's Way (2009)?
The whole "kidnapped, forced to win chess to earn his freedom" thing matches nicely, but I cannot confirm the final game is visited by ghosts. In fact the movie does not appear to be sci-fi horror, just mundane horror (but per meta, an on-topic question with an off-topic answer is valid).
From Wikipedia:

Elm's Way is a calm street in a small town. When Yannick falls from his bike, he knocks on the door of the Beaulieu residence, to call a cab home. Entering the house, Yannick hears a man screaming upstairs. When he finally encounters the source of the screams he realizes that Beaulieu has wounded the man and was holding him hostage. Beaulieu then locks down Yannick in fear of him calling the police. Over time he learns Beaulieu is a righteous psychopath and fanatical chess player who kills drug-dealers, pedophiles and other bad people for a better world.
[...]
As he has done nothing wrong, Beaulieu doesn't want to kill Yannick and eventually agrees to let him go if he wins a game of chess against him, Beaulieu having never lost a game in his life so far. They play chess constantly, but Yannick never wins, though he rattles Beaulieu by once managing a draw.
[...]
In the final showdown the two play a chess game in the cellar, where Beaulieu has conserved all of his victims and placed them as pieces on a giant chessboard.

Found with the Google query horror movie kidnapped play chess game bodies site:imdb.com/title.
Comment: @TCooper no, the point is not to be sarcastic. Including the Google query which lead to a successful identification serves two purposes: it may greatly help people wanting to hone their skills in story-id searching (it did for me :) ), by providing instances of what works and how one can think of better synonyms/wildcard use/learn about dedicated sites, etc; and second, if the winning word set worked for me, it might also help future people Googling a similar set in their search, as these very words will be included in my answer and therefore indexed by search engines.
Comment: I wouldn't say being nice and classy == sarcastic, I meant that's the biggest difference - like what you've done is useful where lmgtfy isn't. I appreciate the inclusion very much, sorry if my comment came off the wrong way / I see where the comparison wouldn't be welcomed.
Comment: Yep, it is 5150 Elm's Way. However, there is actually a scene where the main character is visited by what look like ghosts. I found the movie on Youtube. At the 1:41:46 mark of, two women stand by Yannick's side and tell him what will happen if the antagonist makes a certain move. In the next shot, neither of them are present, although I suppose it's probably just Yannick's imagination, rather than ghosts.
Comment: a nice, classy version of lmgtfy.com lol
Comment: @TCooper no worries, I wasn't sure what you meant and figured further explanation wouldn't be lost anyways. No hard feelings, glad we're on the same page :)


HFS+ Rsync on Linux

Question: I want to back up one HFS+ drive to another, but they are both inside an Ubuntu box, which is my HTPC/File-server. I have all Mac and Linux machines. Anyways, what is going to happen with the resource forks? Do I have to compile a special version of Rsync? I remember doing that a long time ago on one of my Macs. Both drives are inside the Linux box.
I don't want to do a RAID mirror because this second drive is semi-portable and also I don't want it spinning all the time. I'm frugal.
My back-up plan is mount both drives on a Mac and SuperDuper one to the other, but it will probably take 20 years going over the network twice like that. Groan.
This is all assuming HFS+ and Netatalk on Linux is going to work well enough for me. I haven't tried it, but what I've read seems promising (and finicky).
Answer: The latest version, 3.0.6, supports resource forks on HFS+ volumes.  You said both are inside the a linux box, so I'd be more concerned with how well the linux HFS+ kernel driver is accurately reading that volume.  Is there a reason why you can't put the HFS+ volume in a Mac and rsync from there?  Use Carbon Copy Cloner (which uses the latest rsync for some things) to clone the disk to a .dmg on your linux server.  You can schedule it to do incremental cloning to that .dmg.  You can even use ssh public keys to handle the communication, though I've never done it from Mac to Linux.
Comment: That's good to know about the newest version. I only have laptops; This is the only machine I can internally mount drives in. I'm trying to make it the only machine that's Always On in the house too.
Answer: The version of rsync on Mac OS X allows a -E option that copies extended attributes (which includes resource forks on OS X). I'm not sure if this option is also available on the version of rsync that typically ships with Linux OSes or not, but it'll do the job if it is available on Linux.
Comment: On the linux version, -E means preserve executability.

HFS+ Rsync on Linux


Baruch Hu Ubaruch Shmo-Meaning

Question: I am looking for a good explanation of the phrase, "Baruch Hu Ubaruch Shmo".i.e. why do we praise both Hashem and his "name" separately? Can anyone help me with this? Thanks!
Comment: Welcome to miyodeya.com. Thanks for your interesting question. Please stay around and check out the many questions and answers on this sight.
Comment: The same would apply to e.g. Baruch shem kevod malchuto. Good question!
Comment: Thanks for asking this interesting question! I've asked it myself in the past!
Answer: The Siach Yitzchok, found in the Siddur Ishei Yisroel of the Gra"h, explains the phrase in the third blessing of Shemoneh Esrei אתה קדוש ושמך קדוש - You are sanctified and Your name is sanctified - that You refers to Hashem's essence, and Your name refers to His actions which are linked to His name.
Baruch Hu would mean blessing Hashem "Himself" whereas Baruch Shmo would mean blessing His actions in this world, the way in which we perceive Him.
Answer: HaShems design of creation was accomplished with various structures, one of which is the names that are used to reference HaShem in different purposes\functions. He (of baruch hu) is beyond all these manifestations and His name (Ubaruch Shmo) is a most ephemeral reference to a topmost manifestation. So my understanding of Baruch Hu Ubaruch Shmo is blessesd is He of beyond all creation and blessed is His name the cause of all creation.

Baruch Hu Ubaruch Shmo-Meaning


Correct transition for pvc conduit to liquid tight flexible conduit on a concrete slab

Question: I am installing conduit for a hot tub.  I have conduit coming up from underground at the edge of the slab and I wondering how to transition it to liquid tight flexible conduit on top of the slab.  The poorly drawn image below illustrates what I was thinking of doing.  Is this ok or would it be better to bend the conduit or use a 90 degree over the corner and use a straight connector to join the pvc to the liquid tight conduit?  I am planning on using 2' x 2' deck tiles to cover up the slab and the conduit after everything is installed. Thanks.
Answer: Your plan will work but depending on the distances in each direction, pulling the large wires that a hot tub requires could be tough. Think about using a PVC LB similar to the one pictured below. It's neat and clean and you can pull wires much easier with the LB access. You would have to stub a small  piece of PVC to the LB and use a female adapter to accept the liquid tight straight connector(Thanks to @ThreePhaseEel).
Comment: Note that gluing LFNC (carflex) into a LB isn't really what you're supposed to do here -- I'd use a short "stub" section of PVC and a female adapter to accept the LFNC connector as UL 651 1.5.2 states that internal PVC device threads are meant to join to either RMC *or* other externally-threaded devices
Comment: It's one of those things that's common practice despite not being within the scope of the product listings/standards in question -- UL 514C states in 5.3.2 that PVC boxes and LBs are intended to be joined to rigid nonmetallic (PVC) conduit, not any type of flexible conduit
Comment: Very interesting. I've seen LFNC glued into LB's at countless marinas and sea walls.
Answer: If you use an LB, LR, or LL, my understanding is that code requires you to maintain access to the removable plate; I'd use a sweep 90 degree bend instead. This way, you can, if needed, pull the wire out later to pull others in.


Object has no color dispite whatever I do

Question: The figurine has no color dispite whatever I do. The material was assigned to the object but it still doesn't pick up any color. The only colors are the white clouds and the green grass that the figurine is standing on. And when I click on materials, the tiny image turns white!
Comment: You haven't activated nodes and the texture isn't assigned to the material, but as brush.
Answer: You need to assign your texture to the material. Create the Shading workspace by clicking the plus button next to the other workspaces or change the 3D View to the Shader Editor

Activate Use Nodes then select the material you want to edit and then set up a basic shader with a texture like in the image below.
Comment: Thank you so much for answering my question!!


Can't activate plugin

Question: Parse error: syntax error, unexpected 'add_action' (T_STRING), expecting function (T_FUNCTION) in C:\xampp\htdocs\web\wp-content\themes\Total\functions.php on line 283
Answer: Open this file
C:\xampp\htdocs\web\wp-content\themes\Total\functions.php
go to on line 283 and check how you have added add_action function.
It must be like this.
add_action('tag','function_callback' );

add_action is a  function which allows you to attach a function to an action hook and it must not be string eg. 'add_action'
Please read document about add_action http://codex.wordpress.org/Function_Reference/add_action
Answer: This error often occurs with syntax errors like missing brackets in the code. In your case probably in the lines preceding the add_action call. Check the syntax there or post the previous code block here please.

Can't activate plugin


Should deprecated versions of TLS not be used

Question: I'm setting up an server, the default configurations allow for connections with deprecated TLS versions. Should I remove deprecated TLS versions from my server? What is the difference between a deprecated and insecure algorithm?
Comment: All the answers seem to focus on HTTPS services, probably because you have tagged `web-application` and `apache`. It is worth mentioning that TLS is used for lot more, and the reasoning would be a bit different for mail servers. Here's also a related answer for web servers, because TLS before 1.3 depends greatly on the cipher suites enabled: https://security.stackexchange.com/a/210167/70406
Answer: It depends on the clients that you expect to be connecting to your server.  If you are fairly sure that most/all of the clients will be modern up-to-date web browsers, then it's safe to enable only TLS 1.3, as TLS 1.3 is supported by all of the major browsers at this point.  But, if some of your clients will be connecting using older tools (such as older versions of wget, curl, the python requests library, etc.), then you may need to enable older version of TLS.  This may be the case if you are running an API endpoint on your server.
Comment: IMHO there is little reason to coddle to the old tool use cases on a new deployment, they by definition come from at the very least power users that can upgrade their tooling. It's a completely different proposition to possibly break a working workflow OTOH.
Answer: They most often have been deprecated because they are undeniably insecure, or might be insecure in some configuration. RFC 7568 and RFC 8989 explains at length why SSLv3, TLS 1.0 and 1.1 got deprecated.
On a new deployment you have no fear of breaking existing functionality for anyone, so it makes sense to not support anything remotely dodgy, as no one can honestly claims to be inconvenienced.
It is often recommended that one uses something like the Mozilla SSL Configuration Generator
in either the Modern or Intermediate setting to generate a configuration both secure and well interoperable.
Answer: You should disable versions of TLS older than TLS 1.2 and all versions of SSL.  RFC 7568 states that you MUST NOT use SSLv3, and RFC 8989 states that you MUST NOT use TLS 1.0 or 1.1.  The latter is a Best Current Practice, and it would be irresponsible to violate it.
The reason is that all of those versions rely on MD5 and SHA-1, both of which are known to be broken.  In addition, the only ciphers available are RC4, which is broken, and block ciphers in CBC mode using MAC-then-encrypt, which requires careful verification of padding to avoid timing attacks.  It is possible to securely use the CBC mode ciphers if your TLS library extremely carefully checks padding, but MAC-then-encrypt is widely considered a mistake in modern cryptographic design.
In addition, if you are subject to certain types of regulation, such as the PCI standards for sites that accept and process credit cards, you will absolutely be forbidden from using TLS 1.1 or older.  As a consequence, most major sites on the Internet no longer support these versions.  Users who use a browser or user-agent which doesn't at least support TLS 1.2 basically can't access most web sites, and as a result, there are very few such users still around, so there are almost no benefits to doing so.
TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.3 are required for HTTP/2 to be enabled.  Both versions provide modern AEAD algorithms which are both secure and extremely fast (much more so than the legacy TLS cipher suites), and combined with the ability to use HTTP/2, can result in substantially improved performance.
As Bruno Rohée recommended, the Mozilla SSL Configuration Generator is highly recommended.  In addition, Mozilla makes recommendations on SSH algorithms as well, so you may want to follow those if you'll have an SSH server.


Density of states of classical harmonic oscillator in phase space

Question: Since all classical harmonic oscillators are ellipses in phase (position-momentum) space, and since the entire phase trajectory of a given system (with a fixed rigidity and mass factor) can be specified from either the peak momentum or displacement in the trajectory, why is it said that the number of states available to the given oscillator is proportional to the area inside the phase trajectory, and not to the peak value of the position/momentum?
Answer: I am not sure why you consider the maximum amplitude of any variable as a sensible measure of the number of states. Normally, the number of states is proportional to the energy of the system, here the area of the ellipse in phase space, so proportional to the product of the position and momentum maximum amplitudes. Absorb the units into x and p to make the ellipse into a circle.
Upon quantization, a quantum state takes up a cell of phase-space area of about ħ, (think of the uncertainty principle), and the energy is proportional to the square of the radius, so the area of that circle and, of course, to the number of states, ħn.
In classical mechanics, recall the density of states is something like dn/dE, here, constant.


Streaming video through RTSP

Question: I am trying to stream videos to Android via RTSP. The streaming works very well on Android 3.0 but for other lower versions the videos doesn't play.
I went through this link http://developer.android.com/guide/appendix/media-formats.html and found out that h263 encoding is supported by android versions < 3.0.
I used Helix Producer to encode my video to h263 format and Helix Universal Server for streaming. The video plays smoothly on Android 3.0 but for all other lower versions it doesn't work.I am getting error "E/SW_DEC(31): PV SW DECODER is used for H.263" in logcat when I tried it on Android 2.1 emulator. I tested it on device as well but it doesn't work.
Is it a known issue?
Is there any specific supported video encoding parameters for Android 2.1.
Answer: Try to encode your videos with h.264. It's a better file format
Comment: I tried to encode my videos with h264, but the video didn't play on Android version < 3.0. I went to this link  http://developer.android.com/guide/appendix/media-formats.html and found out that only h263 is supported by Android 2.1.
Comment: i had the same problems...android is poor in video formats. My solution was to upload the videos to youtube, and open from there. Youtube makes a compatible format somehow.

Streaming video through RTSP


Is there a tip to using the reference node?

Question: Sometimes circuit analysis can get confusing as to which way currents go in and out of nodes , especially when there are many current / voltage sources. Is there a trick to see which way i should reference everything? I always see reference with respect to ground but I'm not too sure what that means. Here is an example from my professor, although im not too sure if he made a mistake on i2
Comment: My guess is that i2 isn't an error, it was done on purpose to illustrate the point that choosing the wrong direction will only give you a negative result. It'll all work out in the end.
Answer: the trick is:
don't waste too much time trying to guess currents directions. if you set the wrong direction, then the current value will be negative. you can see currents as vectors. referencing to ground is not mandatory.
remember: wrong direction -> negative value -> no errors
Comment: Yes, but how would I be able to check if I set it in the right direction or not ? I understand that referencing ground is not necessary, but im not tooo entirelysure because if the answer would be positive then on a test i would have to write it positive...

I guess in a sense i'm kind of confused as when im setting the right direction or wrong direction.
Answer:
is there a trick to see which way i should reference everything? I
  always see reference with respect to ground but I'm not too sure what
  that means.

Remember: A voltage is a potential difference between two nodes. A voltage by itself is not meaningful and needs to be referenced somewhere. Conveniently, we choose a location (and call this reference 'ground') that is common for the whole circuit. Current will flow from a high potential to the lower potential, so no matter what the reference that we use, we will see the current flow as either positive (in the direction we named the current) or negative (opposing the direction we named the current).
For circuit analysis, it does not matter what node we call our ground reference. Typically, it is convenient to have as many sources as possible touching this node, but it truly does not matter. V2 or V3 could just as easily been chosen as our ground reference.
Do not get hung up by the name 'ground' as when dealing with antennas or wireless devices, there is no concept of a ground connection as the device may literally be floating in air. In this case, the circuit or signal ground is only a reference for the circuit. By referencing everything to a common ground, different circuit components are able to interact with each other.
Comment: So for example in the image above, 10A is considered "positive" ?
Comment: Sorry for the questions I have basic understanding of circuit theory but its those confusing circuits that i get once in a while that confuse me greatly


How much effect do Jyotisha and the planets have in human life?

Question: Our Puranas and stories don't mention too much about them.
Is fate or bhagya inevitable or can it be overcome with karma ?
Or is it just that people try to justify their problems via jyotisha?
Comment: @Rishabh It should be noted that Vedanga is mainly "astronomy" and not "astrology".
Comment: @RakeshJoshi Sorry, I am not good in English.
Comment: Jyotish Vidya (Astrology) is invented by Great Maharishi (Sage) Bhrigu (one of the [Saptarishi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saptarishi)). Saptarishi was the one who first created by Lord Brahma so that they (Saptarishi) can spread knowledge in world coz without knowledge man will be nothing more that animal. So the invention of Maharishi Bhrigu can't be ineffective.
Answer: Here is a passage that might be considered a partial answer.
Grahas in Mahabharata

Markandeya answered, 'There are three kinds of purity, viz., purity in
  speech, purity in deed, and purity achieved by use of water. He that
  has recourse to these three kinds of purity, attains, without doubt,
  to heaven. That Brahmana who adoreth the goddess Sandhya in the
  morning and the evening, and who recites meditatively the sacred
  goddess Gayatri who is the mother of the Vedas, sanctified by the
  latter, is freed from all his sins. Even if he accepts in gift the
  entire earth with her oceans, he doth not, on that account, suffer the
  least unhappiness. And those heavenly bodies in the sky including the
  sun that may be inauspicious and hostile towards him soon becomes
  auspicious and favorable towards him in consequence of these acts of
  his, while those stars that are auspicious and favorable become more
  auspicious and favorable in consequence of such conduct of his.'

Mahabharata, Vana Parva, Section CLXLIX
Answer: Your karmas decide your future therefore, perform your duty without any attachment, this is what Sri Krishna taught in Bhagavad Gita.
Swami Vivekananda:

In London, a young man used to come to me and ask me, "What will become of me next year?" I asked him why he asked me so. "I have lost all my money and have become very, very poor." Money is the only God of many beings. Weak men, when they lose everything and feel themselves weak, try all sorts of uncanny methods of making money, and come to astrology and all these things. "It is the coward and the fool who says, 'This is fate'" – so says the Sanskrit proverb. But it is the strong man who stands up and says, "I will make my fate." It is people who are getting old who talk of fate. Young men generally do not come to astrology. We may be under planetary influence, but it should not matter much to us. Buddha says, "Those that get a living by calculation of the stars by such art and other lying tricks are to be avoided"; and he ought to know, because he was the greatest Hindu ever born. Let stars come, what harm is there? If a star disturbs my life, it would not be worth a cent. You will find that astrology and all these mystical things are generally signs of a weak mind; therefore as soon as they are becoming prominent in our minds, we should see a physician, take good food and rest.

Be strong, don't dwell on planetary positions.

Is fate or bhagya inevitable or can it be overcome with karma ?

Yes, fate can be overcome with karma. There is a type of karma known as prarabdha karma. You can't overcome Prarabdha entirely but you can change the intensity of the effect.
Sri Sarada Devi:

One has to suffer the consequences of one's deeds. But by repeating the Name of God, you can lessen its intensity. If you were destined to have a wound as wide as a ploughshare, you will get a pin-prick at least. The effect of Karma can be counteracted to a great extent by Japa and austerities.
Answer: Many think that believing in astrology make one believe in fatalism and conclude that it is hindrance to progress. But this is pessimistic call, in my personal experience in this field for 40 years, astrology is other way i.e. astrology helped many individual to take better decision based on their inherent strength. To explain this with an analogy seeking astrologer's guidance is like taking map with you during your travel which helps to reach the destination quickly with less confusion. One has to understand Karma theory to appreciate this aspect of astrology, I will touch up some portion of karma today, please refer our previous post here to know how Karma theory relates to astrology.
There are three types of Karma viz., Sanchita, Parabdha and Agami. For the present topic of interest we will consider Sanchita & Parabdha and leave Agami for now. Sanchita is stored karma based on our past acts whereas Parabdha is what we do with our present state of existence. Planetary position in the horoscope are simply indicating the karmic results that are stored based on previous karma, one can augment or minimize the past karmic results by Parabdha karma by the aid of will power.
Let me explain with a simple mathematical equation, let us consider person A is bestowed with equation 5X2+10X in one aspect of life. What outcome that person would get based on his equation is purely depend on what he substitutes to X which is complete free will of person A. Thus to conclude astrology is not about fate or destiny, it simply indicates the good or evil effects of previous karma and leaves it to man to build his future.
Please read our article "Astrology and Fatalism" for more details


Magento2 CI Server Integration for Production

Question: What are steps, guidelines and flows that needs to be followed for a successfully Magento2 Continuous Integration workflow ?
Answer: We're currently working on improving our deployment process in Magento 2.  I'd welcome any feedback you have - please ping me on Twitter or email.
Right now on M2 you'd do the following (in your environment)

Get or update code (git/etc...)
composer install
bin/magento setup:upgrade  (or setup:install)
bin/magento set:mode production

FYI set:mode production does a

bin/magento setup:di:compile
bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy

There are some other approaches you can use now to get closer to a 2 step build and deploy process but they're rather complex.
Comment: Chuck, could you explain more about the more complex deployment proces?
Comment: It's in development - we'll write it up and release it as part of the next release (2.2).  Check out some of the new CLI commands we've added in mainline:  app:config:dump, app:config:import, config:sensitive:set, config:set, config:show, setup:db:status .  Idea is you install Magento on your dev machine, configure as desired on the admin panel.  do an app:config:dump (end up with a config.php, env.php), compile & static-asset deploy.  Then you copy your code (including assets) over to production environment (hand copy swizzle your env.php file as appropriate) and then setup:upgrade on prod.
Comment: Basically a 2 pass deploy operation.  First pass is on your dev machine (i.e. no production downtime), 2nd pass is on production (code copy + potential down time (setup:upgrade) if you have a schema change).  Goal is <1 min down time on production with schema change.
Comment: Suggestion: don't run "composer install" in Production! That should be done in a pre-deploy stage in the CI process, to avoid severe issues if Packagist or repo.magento.com are down. You could even run the other magento commands pre-deploy as well: if you deploy a pre-compiled artifact (package) instead, then you won't have to run anything other than "magento setup:upgrade" for the DB + possibly a cache flush once the code reaches production. Minimizing downtime to just a few miliseconds (or couple seconds) even with schema changes.


File Move throws IOException due to different mount volume in Linux

Question: Hi my java program has to move the files to a folder which is in different mounted folder.
I want to treat it as a normal folder path and move the file using
boolean success = file.renameTo(new File(dir, file.getName()));

it gives the status as false always and file not moved.
When I try with the filechannel.transferFrom(fcSource, 0, fcSource.size()); it is throwing IO Exception.
SEVERE 20110720 15.41.29 AccessLogProcessor:moveToArchive-File
    [/opt/apache2/logs/access_log.20110620.0015.tmp] move to
    [/opt/ahache2/logs/old] not success.. Try Special move with filechannel
SEVERE 20110720 15.41.29 AccessLogProcessor:moveToArchive-SpecialFileMove for file
     [/opt/apache2/logs/access_log.20110620.0015.tmp] failure
    ERROR:java.io.IOException: **No such file or directory

The destination folder in linux looks like normal and my id has no permission issue. The folder /opt/ahache2/logs/old is a mounted one.
Comment: Any move between mount points is actually a copy and delete.
Comment: According to your logs, '/opt/apache2/logs/access_log.20110620.0015.tmp' does not to exist.  Is it the file your are trying to move ?  Also, can you try to create a file in '/opt/ahache2/logs/old' ?
Answer: About the 'renameTo' returning false, and according to the API:

Whether or not this method can move a file from one filesystem to another is platform-dependent. The return value should always be checked to make sure that the rename operation was successful.

So maybe you cannot use 'renameTo' to do what you want to do.


How to migrate Ingres database with tables, relationships along with data to MS SQL Server

Question: I would like to know the best way to migrate Ingres database completly with tables, views, relationship along with data to MS SQL Server using any Windows application. If not possible is there any tools that provide this feature along with Ingres procedure. Any help on this would be appreciated.
Answer: If data import task in MS SQL Server Management Studio doesnt work, and You dont want to put Your hands in dirty csv's then You should consider creating Integration Services Project and get source data from Ingres via OLEDB and push it in SQL Server
Answer: Any migration tool for Microsoft(R) SQL Server(TM) that can connect to source database via ODBC, or a tool that can utilize Microsoft(R) .NET Data Provider supplied by Actian, will be able to move data to the MS SQL Server database.
More about Ingres .NET Data provider: http://community.actian.com/w/index.php/DOT_NET_DataProvider
More about Ingres ODBC: http://community.actian.com/wiki/Ingres_Articles#ODBC
On the last link you may find information how to get data from an Ingres database into your Excel spreadsheet, and more.


How do I convert a Mercurial queues patch to local changes only?

Question: This answer shows how you can demote a commit to a patch, but how can I convert an mq patch to local changes only?
Comment: 'Local changes' is Mercurial terminology for changes that are not in a changeset or tracked by a Mercurial patch. There can be several reasons for wanting to convert a patch back into local changes. Anyway, I've needed to do this several times and didn't find the answer on Stack Overflow nor through googling (I had to RTFM), so I shared the answer when I found it in case others want to do the same.
Comment: Sorry, but mq-patch **is** already "local changes only", AFAIK. Why do you want something more?
Answer: Short answer
Make sure the patch is applied, then:
hg qrefresh nothing
hg qpop --keep-changes
hg qdelete "Name of patch"

Long answer
First, you need to make sure no changes are tracked by the patch. To do that, use
hg qrefresh nothing

nothing is just a random file name that is not in the repository. I usually use hg qref 0 for brevity. hg qrefresh accepts an optional file pattern. If it is given, the patch will track the changes that match the pattern - and only those. When nothing matches the file pattern, no changes will be tracked by the patch, and thus there will be local changes only.
Now you have a useless patch lying around, and you have some local changes. To clean up, you can do
hg qpop --keep-changes

to pop the patch even though there are local changes. Finally, to remove the dead, empty and unapplied patch you can use
hg qrm "Name of patch"

You can't remove an applied patch, which is why you need the hg qpop --keep-changes step.
(Note: hg qrm and hg qremove are aliases of hg qdelete.)
If using TortoiseHg
With TortoiseHg, exporting the patch to the clipboard (Workbench > right-click the patch > Export > Copy Patch), then unapplying the patch, and finally importing from the clipboard with the destination being "Working Directory" seems to work. Here are some screen captures demonstrating this procedure:
Comment: `--keep-changes` is no longer a valid option for `hg qpop`. According to `hg help qpop`, it seems `--force` is now the option that acheives what we want here:

"-f --force forget any local changes to patched files"
Comment: `hg qrefresh 0` fails with 'The system cannot find the file specified.'

The alternative I've found (powershell syntax): `hg qrefresh --exclude "$(hg root)"`. This tells MQ to exclude everything in the repository. For whatever reason, just `.` didn't work, and I had to specify the full path (therefore, `hg root`).
Comment: @CraftyThumber I still see `--keep-changes`, and AFAICT `--force` will lose the changes we're trying to save.
Comment: I'd use @duplode's option since it is easier and does not use `--keep-changes` or `--force`.  That being said, before I saw that I just successfully ran `hg qpop -f` with Mercurial version 2.0.2 and I still have my local changes, but I first confirmed none of the files were exactly identical names and ran `rsync -av $(hg st -qn) /tmp/` so I have a backup.  Definitely back up your files if you are unsure!
Answer: An arguably simpler alternative:
hg qfinish qtip
hg strip -k tip

That is, finish the patch and then remove the resulting commit while retaining its changes (the -k option to strip).


Can not send or receive a group text on my Android phone anymore

Question: I have the LG Optimus F7, until last week everything was fine. Now no matter the SMS app I use (and I've tried with about 4 different ones now including the stock app on the phone) I can not send or receive a group text. I was using Chomp and had been for months and it was fine, on Saturday it tells me it can not download because of my APN settings. No matter what I did, or changed it told me the same thing. I uninstalled and tried different apps, I don't get that message anymore, just that system is unavailable and will send when it can. But it never does.
How do I fix this? There are 4 of us that text as a group very often.
Answer: You need to fix your Access Point Names (APN) under settings.  For me, it's Wireless and Networks > Mobile networks > Access Point Names


Installing QuTIP 2.2.0 with existing Python distribution on Windows

Question: Has anyone managed to install QuTIP 2.2.0 with an existing Python 2.7.5 distribution (on Win7)? The instruction manual suggests that I need to install Python(x,y) first, but the instructions are pretty vague. I'm still a Python newbie.
Answer: Understanding installation instructions
The installation instructions are pretty clear, but I remember the times, I got lost in those short lines assuming I know something obvious.
I will try translating it

install Python(X,Y) - do it. Follow the link, download the exe file and run it.

Do not forget to set the options, following defaults will fail, Cython option must be included.

edit the distutils.cfg file as instructed
download tar.gz archive for QuTIP from PyPi, unpack it in some directory, cd into it to be in the directory, where you see setup.py, and run $ python setup.py install

The distutils.cfg refers to mingw32, this is needed for compilation. If it is not installed with Python(X,Y), you would have to install it separately. Be careful and install proper version, even on 64 bit systems use 32 bit one (this I assume from proposed name of compiler in config).
Good luck. I am not on Windows for about 2 years, so I cannot confirm, it works, but I hope, it will move you on.
Answer: I also had a lot of problems installing it correctly.
Here is my working solution.
As the installation instructions suggest:

Install PythonXY (I am using 126.96.36.199) (including Cython package) (Edit: The newer versions of PythonXY do not include a compiler. Try installing from here instead: https://code.google.com/p/pythonxy/wiki/AdditionalPlugins)
Edit C:\Python27\Lib\distutils\distutils.cfg to include:

[build]
  compiler = mingw32
[build_ext]
  compiler = mingw32

Add C:/MinGW32-xy/bin to your PATH. It has to be before other paths with e.g. gcc in them. You can do this:

set PATH=C:/MinGW32-xy/bin;%PATH%

for a temporary add (in that console) or use the answer here.
For a permanent change go properties of your Computer. Go to advanced system settings --> Environment Variables. Change the System Variable to have the MinGW path as the first entry. It doesn't work if it is last or in the user path!

Run a Python interpreter:

import qutip; qutip.testing
  qutip.testing.run()

If it doesn't crash on the 7th test you probably have a working copy of qutip.
I get 320 test in 2194.236s and SKIP=7, errors=5.
Details of which tests failed for my can be seen here.
Answer: I would use Anaconda 2.7 with the added mingw and libpython libraries and then edit the distutils.cfg as stated. The skipped tests mentioned are fortran tests that you cannot run on windows, while the errors are time dependent tests that generate cython code at run time. If you follow the above suggestions then those tests will pass.
Answer: I've tried to install qutip for several hours, unsuccessfully. Fortunately, kind people from University of California have a solution:
wheels for lots of packages for python computing
This resource is not official, 'as is', but works better!
Type 'pip install package.whl' to download and build.


Cache:Flush fails after updating from Magento 2.3.4-p2 to 2.3.5-p2

Question: When deploying the update from Magento 2.3.4-p2 to 2.3.5-p2 the cache:flush command does not work.
As error message I get Class Magento\GoogleShoppingAds\Model\Cache\Type does not exist.
I checked that and actually this class is removed during the update.
Only possible way to get the deployment to work was to disable all caches, then deploy and after flushing the caches enabling them again.
Did anyone have a similar problem and a better solution?
Comment: Remove cache using command line (rm -rf var/cache/* var/page_cache/*), flush redis cache
Comment: @ChandreshChauhan, it's never a good idea to change anything manually in the vendor folder in my eyes.
This way you completely destroy the logic of composer and this will definitely lead to compatibility issue using an old version of a module...
Comment: be sure to clear any redis system cache after upgrade.
Answer: I had the same problem when upgrading from 2.3.5-p1 to 2.3.5-p2, even when the deployment included disabling the Magento_GoogleShoppingAds module in config.php.
In my case the solution was to flush Redis cache right before the deployment.
Comment: damn, I knew it was Redis. Just wanted to google it while waiting on the command output.Update: it worked :)
Thanks.


Which is the fastest and cheapest way to get from Amsterdam to Rotterdam?

Question: I'm looking for the fastest and the cheapest way to get from the center of Amsterdam to the center of Rotterdam for three persons. Should I take the train? A bus? Even a plane?
Comment: In general, in the Netherlands, you want to take the train, or possibly bike + bike-on-train + bike :-)
Answer: The fastest way (41 min from station to station, half-hourly on weekdays) is the IC Direct (high-speed train), but you need to buy an additional ticket on top of your regular ticket (€16.80 = 14.50 + 2.30).
The normal train connection (60–70 min, 2 trains per half-hour) would cost you less (€14.50). You can look up times and prices and buy tickets on the NS website. You will be charged €0.50 extra if you pay with credit card.
If you are able to find a regular Dutch traveler, you can save 40% on your ticket. Holders of the Dutch railways reduction card get this reduction outside peak hours and can take up to three fellow travelers with the same reduction. So to go cheap you need to make Dutch friends ;)
Comment: They've recently increased the frequency of the regular train; it's now 4/hour. Plus, you can also take the international train to Brussels (not _Thalys_)  without surcharges or reservations, 1/hour, ~55 minutes.
Comment: The information about the trains to Brussels is outdate. Some things have changed the past year.
Comment: @EugenMartynov But the question and answer are about **Amsterdam**, not Schiphol.
Comment: My bad! Fixing prices and times. I should read carefully :)
Comment: Prices and names of trains has been outdated but the general information is still valid. So check the train information site (NS link still works) for the most up to date information.
Answer: A plane is certainly not the answer, since the two airports (AMS and RTM) are only 45 km apart.  I checked Kayak anyway; there are no nonstop flights.  Air France will fly you AMS-RTM via London (LCY) for EUR 242 and it takes 3 hours including the layover.  So that is neither faster nor cheaper than a train, not by a long shot!
Comment: In addition, travelling to and from the airports would take _more_ time than Fyra, so even if the flight was instant you'd still lose.
Comment: in fact there are no scheduled flights between any 2 airfields within the Netherlands. You'd need to rely on a private charter which is not cheap and not exactly fast either.


Unable to find the backed up photos in iCloud

Question: I had an iPad mini which had some valuable photos in the Photos app. I had backed up the device on iCloud using 4.2 GB of my available 5 GB of space. Now that device is dead and is beyond repair. I thought I had the backup in iCloud and didn't take care to backup anywhere else. Now when I open iCloud, I see that it is completely blank. Is there any policy Apple has to delete the backup after a certain amount of time? Is there any hope for recovering these photos?
Comment: I've given you a detailed guide on what you should do next down below, please let me know if it helps (as I hope it will)!
Comment: Also, can you expand on what you mean by "iCloud is completely blank"?
Answer: Why your photos are not in iCloud Photos

Now when I open iClould I see its completely blank.

Photos do not appear on iCloud.com unless iCloud Photo Library was turned on; from your description, it seems that it is not turned on: that is why the Photos section of iCloud is completely blank. You evidently did not have iCloud Photo Library turned on, so photos were tied to your device backup instead of being tied to your iCloud Drive. Thus, your photos are not visible from your iCloud account. But have no fear, that doesn't mean you can't access your photos.

How to get your photos back
You'll need a new/used iPad that runs iOS 7 or later (so iPad 2 or later, iPad Mini 1 or later). You can buy a relatively inexpensive used iPad Mini 1st gen here for ~$150, or upgrade to an iPad Mini 4th gen (the latest and greatest) here for ~$350. Make sure the iPad you purchase has at least as much storage space as your lost iPad before you buy it. (Note: Apple may offer to exchange your dead iPad if you contact their support team at getsupport.apple.com)
When first launching the iPad (if it's used, you must do a factory reset first if it still has data on it), follow these steps to set it up from a backup of your lost iPad Mini:

Turn on the new iPad.
From the Apps & Data screen, tap Restore from iCloud Backup, then sign-in to your iCloud account.
Proceed to "Choose backup," then choose from a list of available backups in iCloud (probably just choose the latest backup).

After following these steps, your new iPad will boot up and have all of the data from your lost iPad Mini, including all of your photos.

What to do to prevent this next time
I recommend using the Google Photos app to seamlessly back up all of your photos/videos (free of charge, unlimited photos and videos). With Google Photos, you can access the backed-up photos/videos anytime on almost any device (including from the web at photos.google.com). Or, you can turn on Apple's iCloud Photo Library, in Settings -> iCloud -> Photos, which lets you access the photos anytime from icloud.com. (Note that iCloud Photo Library eats up your iCloud storage space and isn't free or unlimited like Google Photos is.)

Let me know if you need any further assistance, and please let me know whether this helped you or not!
Sources:

Apple's guide to restoring an iPad/iPhone from a backup
iCloud Photo Library info
iMore's guide to iCloud Photo Library
Answer: You can restore your backup to another iOS device to recover your photos, if they were included in your original iCloud backup.
You can find detailed instructions on this Apple Support page: Restore your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch from a backup
Answer: From iCloud: iCloud storage and backup overview:

Here's what iCloud backs up:
[…]

Photos and videos on your iOS devices

However, if you turn on iCloud Photo Library on your iOS device (iOS 8.1 or later) or Mac (OS X v10.10.3 or later), your photos and videos are already stored in iCloud, so they aren't included in your iCloud backup.

This means that if you have both iCloud Backups and iCloud Photo Library turned on, your photos are "backed up" to iCloud but they are not duplicated in the device backup (to save your iCloud storage).
This also means that if you have iCloud Backups turned on, but iCloud Photo Library turned off, your photos should be included in the device backup, but not as browsable Photos.
In any case this means: if you have iCloud Backups turned on, your photos should be backed up into iCloud in some form.
How these scenarios differ can be demonstrated by logging in to www.icloud.com:

If you have iCloud Photo Library turned on, you can browse your photos via Photos app
If it is turned off, then they are in the device backup and not browsable via Photos app — so when you restore your backup they should go into your device's Photos app just as they were.

You can confirm that backup is consuming your iCloud storage via the Settings app (on icloud.com).


Html.ActionLink with a specified HTML id?

Question: I'd like to give the like generated with an Html.ActionLink an HTML id so I can change the CSS depending on where I am. I have a MasterPage with a set of links and I'd like to distinguish the active "Tab" with Jquery changing the css of that active #id
Right now I'm using:
<%: Html.ActionLink("Some View", "Index", "controller")%>

It generates:
Some View

I'd like to generate:
Some View

Is that possible? I've tried:
<%: Html.ActionLink("Some View", "Index", "controller", new {id="blahbla")%>

But that generates:
Some View

Comment: I am not familiar with the correct syntax, but should that `{` really not be closed?
Comment: It should, but i would have thought the web server would have generated an error, when they tried to run that web page. I think it's a typo.  Can the original poster confirm please?
Answer: You were on the right track.  I am not sure why it didn't work for you as your code has a typo which would have produced a } expected error. The following is what you are looking for:
 <%= Html.ActionLink("Test Link", "SomeAction", "SomeController",
         null, new {id = "someID" }) %>

Which produces teh following HTML:
Test Link

Edit: I just realized what the issue is because I was mis-reading what you tried.  You are using the wrong overload to pass in the id html element.  Your probably passing the new { id="blah" } param into the routeValues parameter, which will cause it to be used when building the route link, rather than the htmlAttributes paramater which is what you want.
I think you are using:
ActionLink(string linkText, string actionName, Object routeValues,
    Object htmlAttributes)

When what you need to use is the following overload like I did above in my answer:
ActionLink(string linkText, string actionName, string controllerName,
    Object routeValues, Object htmlAttributes)

Which makes sure new { id="blah" } is being passed into the htmlAttributes param.
Answer: Try this:
<%: Html.ActionLink("Some View", "Index", "controller", null, new {id="something}")%>

Answer: Basically it's giving an error because there is no method overload that has the signature you want.
The closest signature to the one that you need is
public static string ActionLink(
this HtmlHelper htmlHelper,
string linkText,
string actionName,
string controllerName,
Object routeValues,
Object htmlAttributes

)
You are passing the id attribute into the routevalue which is why it's giving you the funny href. pass null into the routevalue, then add your htmlattributes
Answer: try this
@Html.ActionLink("Forgot your access?", "RecoverPassword",
"Account", new { area = "registration-full.html" },
new { @class = "col-xs-6", id = "login-forget-link" })


What do we know about Belial and Azmodan?

Question: They've never been mentioned before in the previous installments of the Diablo series, yet they should play a primary role in Diablo III. What do we know about them? Lore wise and in game (even if this may be too early).
Comment: Can you be more specific? What kind of information are you looking for? Their lore? How you interact with them (if at all) in D3?
Comment: In game AND lore wise. I'm just curious that they popped out of nowhere. I know that they were written for this game, but I'd like to know a little more about their background.
Answer: Belial and Azmodan have been mentioned a number of times in Diablo lore, including in the original Diablo's manual.  They are two of the Lesser Evils, the Great Evils that are not part of the Prime Evils.
The Prime Evils were the three brothers - Baal, Mephisto and Diablo.  They were ejected from the Burning Hells after a civil war, led by Belial and Azmodan.
The relevant chapter from Diablo:

THE DARK EXILE
"Seven is the number of the powers of Hell, and Seven
is the number of the Great Evils."
Duriel, the Lord of Pain
Andariel,
the Maiden of Anguish
Belial, the Lord of Lies
Azmodan, the Lord of
Sin
These are the true names of the lesser of the Great Evils. For
ages uncounted each have ruled over their own domains within the
Burning Hells, seeking absolute dominion over their infernal brethren.
As the Lesser Four continuously vied for the control of those forces
that dwelled within their realms, the Greater Three held absolute
power over the whole of Hell. The Lesser Four used dark and evil
measures in their quest for power, and herein begins the legend of the
Dark Exile.
Mephisto, the Lord of Hatred
Baal, the Lord of Destruction
Diablo, the Lord of Terror
These are the Prime Evils of Hell that
wielded their power as a dark, sovereign triumvirate. The Three
Brothers ruled over the Lesser Four by brutal force and malicious
cunning. Being the eldest and strongest of the Evils, the Three
Brothers were responsible for countless victories against the armies
of the Light. Although they never held sway over the High Heavens for
long,  the Three were justly feared by enemies and subjects alike.
With the ascension of Man and the subsequent standstill of the Great
Conflict, the Three Brothers began to devote their energies to the
perversion of mortal souls. The Three realized that Man was the key to
victory in the war against Heaven, and thus altered their rigid
agendum that they had propagated since the Beginning. This change
caused many of the Lesser Evils to question the authority of the
Three, and so brought about a great rift between the Prime Evils and
their servitors.
In their ignorance, the Lesser Evils began to believe
that the Three were afraid to continue the war with Heaven. Frustrated
by the cessation of the war, Azmodan and Belial saw the situation as
their chance to overthrow the Prime Evils and take control of Hell for
themselves. The two demon lords made a pact with their minor brethren,
assuring them that the wretched plague of humanity would not deter the
ultimate victory of the sons of Hell. Azmodan and Belial devised a
plan to end the stalemate, achieve victory in the Sin War and
ultimately ride the bloody crest of the Great Conflict straight into
the very arms of Armageddon. Thus, a great revolution was set into
motion as all of Hell went to war against the Three Brothers…
The
Brothers fought with all of the savagery of the Underworld, and to
their credit, annihilated a third of Hell's treacherous legions. In
the end, however, they were overcome by the Horned Death led by the
traitors Azmodan and Belial. The Prime Evils, weakened and bodiless,
were banished to the mortal realm where Azmodan hoped that they would
remain trapped forever. Azmodan believed that with the Three set loose
upon humanity, the Angels would be forced to turn their focus upon on
the mortal plane - thus leaving the Gates of Heaven abandoned and
defenseless. Those few demons who still pledged allegiance to the
Three Brothers fled the wrath of Azmodan and Belial, escaping to the
realm of Man to seek out their lost Masters.
As the warfires died out
upon the battlefields of Hell, Azmodan and Belial began to argue over
which of them held the higher authority. The pact that they had made
quickly fell to ashes as the two demon lords took up arms against each
other. The legions of Hell that remained were polarized behind either
warlord, launching themselves into a bloody civil war that has lasted
to this day…
Comment: According to the Book of Cain, Diablo, Mephisto and Baal, along Azmodan, Belial, Andariel and Duriel each used to be one of the seven heads of [Tathamet](http://www.diablowiki.com/Tathamet), the (original) Prime Evil, a seven-headed dragon composed of all darkness and vileness (imperfections) that [Anu](http://www.diablowiki.com/Tathamet) (the creator of everything) cast off itself (in order to become pure) before the universe was created. The deaths of these two beings are what created the Diablo universe that we know of.


Refitting a 6 volt shunt regulated system to a buck regulated system

Question: I have a 1981 Yamaha XT250H. This might seem like an automotive or motorcycling question, but what I'm trying to answer is a question about refitting an older motorcycle's electrical system.
Here is an explanation of the electrical system in stock form. It is massively antiquated compared to the modern 3 phase system used by almost all motorcycles.
There is a rotor coupled directly to the engines crankshaft with a bolt. There are 3 coils

The "pickup" coil, this coils location is critical as it controls when the spark plug is fired and thus ignition timing.
A "magneto" coil with approximately 500 ohms of resistance.
A "lighting" coil with approx. 4.1 ohms of resistance.

The "pickup" coil is essentially just a signal source, the amount of current extracted from it is neglible. The "magneto" coil is just called so due to historical reasons. Both of these coils connect to a CDI box. This still works after 30+ years so I have no reason to change it. I intend to leave it as is.
The "lighting" coil is a coil with two taps. One tap is used to feed AC voltage directly to a regulator and the 6 volt 35 watt headlamp. The lower tap was used to feed a single rectifier which fed numerous lights and a battery. Here is the complete listing of all the equipment

6 volt 35 watt headlamp
6 volt 5.3/25 watt tail light
4x 6 volt 17 watt signal lamps
4x 6 volt 3 watt indicator lamps

There was also a 6 volt battery in the system that was there literally just to prevent the lights from pulsing. The motorcycle does not have an electric start.
Since the ignition circuit of the motorcycle is completely separate, I can disconnect the lighting circuit and run the engine to measure the voltage. What I found was over 14 volts AC at idle from the lighting circuit. This obviously will only increase as the engine RPMs go up.
The signal lights on this motorcycle were the "always on" variety that were pulsed off to act as turn signals. Summing the original wattage we find:

35 + 25 + (4*17) + (4*3) = 140 watts

Or over 100 watts of current. The reality is the voltage regulation is incredibly poor. The headlamp is useless at idle and usable at moderate engine RPM. I'm almost certain the voltage regulator only worked on "half" of the AC waveform it was connected to. The headlamp was fed from AC, but with the other lights being fed from current through a single diode they really do not pull their rated current. If anything current was sourced from the battery for 50% of the time, which I've removed.
It does not take much math to determine the total current available at idle from the lighting circuit is

14.0 volts / 4.1 ohms = 3.42 amps
3.42 amps * 14.0 volts = 47.88 watts

So the 140 watt figure is just an upper threshold. If the bulbs were connected to a nominally 6 volt AC system but only getting half the waveform we know the equivalent RMS voltage is computed as

6 * sqrt(2)/ 2 = 4.25

This is quite a bit below the nominally 6 volts the bulbs were designed for. The filament of each bulb has an obviously non-linear relationship between current and impedance. So I'm not going to try and compute the real power each bulb was consuming.
I've removed the indicator and signal lamps entirely. I only need the tail lamp and the head lamp. What I want to do is to run 12 volt electrics on this motorcycle. My thought is that since this motorcycle was originally feeding a shunt regulator and I have removed much of the load this should free up quite a bit of capacity. 12 volt electrics are both common and cheap. 6 volt electrics are expensive and often take weeks of waiting on shipments to arrive.
My thoughts are that I can feed the single coil into a full bridge rectifier. I'll use Schottky barrier diodes. They are common, cheap, and available with a high current rating. I'm expecting a voltage drop across them of 0.45 * 2 = 0.9 volts. I can smooth this with a capacitor and then feed it into a buck-boost regulator. There are plenty of cheaply available units on Amazon and eBay. There were not really meant for this, but I am going to wire a mechanical switch in before the recitifer. I only need the lights on during state inspection and when I'm on public roads. With a buck-boost regulator I should be able to set the voltage output to what I need. My intent is to take advantage of the fact that 12 volt electrics are actually engineered around a 13.8 DC voltage. So by setting it a bit lower than 13.8 volts I can make the bulbs use a bit less current.
From what I understand the available power from the stator should increase as engine RPM increase. So if I can make it work at idle things should be no problem at all at higher engine RPM. My only concern is that the voltage may be far too high at high engine RPM. At top speed in the highest gear the engine rpm is around 7500 RPM. This is at least 10x the idle RPM. Is there a cheap shunt regulator circuit I could buy or build that I could put on the input side of the buck-boost converter? It would just need to shunt the circuit down to something like 50 volts DC.
Are there any obvious flaws in this idea? Are there are any ways to make the system more effecient? Should I consider switching to an LED tail lamp which draws less current?
Comment: Can you measure the generator output at redline RPM?
Comment: That's not how output current calculations work. Open Loop Voltage divided by coil DC resistance (as measured with what brand multimeter, by the way?) gives you absolutely no usable information. Also, the fact that your headlamp connects directly and hasn't exploded, means that at idle the RMS voltage while loaded will be significantly less. (and numbers in watts are called power, not current.)
Comment: Take care with Schottky devices in rectifiers; they are susceptible to thermal runaway due to reverse leakage currents. That is not to say they *cannot* be used, but be careful in specifying what you use.
Comment: These are all good points. I think I need to build a test circuit so I can do some testing at idle and at higher RPMs.
Answer: I do not understand clearly your goals, however, I can answer your questions concerning electronics.
First, if you care about efficiency, do not use shunt regulators. They just eat extra power and produce extra heat (by themselves and inside your generator).
Second, I suggest you to buy 100 V Schottky rectifiers (they are not that easy, the voltage is a bit too high) and 100 V aluminum capacitor about 1000 uF. Then you can connect the circuit you described and measure the voltage on aluminum capacitor when the engine runs at idle RPM and when you add some. You need to measure twice: with no load and loaded to 25 Ohm resistor that can dissipate 100 W.
Based on these measurements, you make the decision on the type of regulator you need.


prevent process from terminating when closing termial

Question: i am working on a Linux box (via ssh), which is currently completing a very time-consuming task. How can I go to sleep (close my local terminal windows) without interrupting the execution of that task?
Answer: If you forgot to use nohup or screen, and you are using bash as your shell, do the following:

CTRL-Z (temporarily suspends the process)
bg (puts the process into the background)
disown (prevents the process from quitting when you disconnect the ssh session/close the window)

Not as useful as screen (especially when the process outputs something), but nice to use when a process unexpectedly takes a long time.
Comment: please feel voted up :) ... i would like to vote you up but I don't have the rep for that :(
Answer: The best way would be to use screen to create a detatchable screen run your command then detach, you can then close the original session without issue. The oldschool way would be to use nohup and send it to the background i.e. nohup <command> <args> &
Comment: screen is definitely the way to go. After detaching the screen, you can reattach it and continue to watch the progress of your task. You can also have multiple windows in a screen, to watch multiple processes.
Comment: +1 for screen, amazing tool


ADT Installation error

Question: Im having a problem during I install ADT in eclipse Helios in Windows XP.. after I put this https://dl-ssl.google.com/android/eclipse/ in Repository, it says Duplicate Location and I can't click for the next step..Thanks in Advance
Answer: I got the same error message: "Duplicate location". Strange because the location is not in my list of sites.
I got rid of it downloading using http instead of https, though I understand this is just a workaround.
Answer: try software update
and in  box mention mobile and device development
there u see adt install it
Answer: Start development for Android in Eclipse

Now we must install ADT Plugin. For
  that we must launch Eclipse ( go to
  C:\Android\Eclipse and double click on
  eclipse.exe ) waiting for eclipse to
  be loaded. After eclipse is loaded
  successful we are going to Help
  ->Install New Software and there in the field work with we select this
  url:
  https://dl-ssl.google.com/android/eclipse/
  and press Enter button. Then, in
  appeared tree Developer Tools we
  select all subtrees and press Finish
  button. After all plugins will be
  installed Eclipse will suggest you to
  restart it. Press Restart Now. After
  restart we will have Eclipse with
  installed ADT Plugin.

Yesterday I try in this way and all goes right, I install eclipse at home and run application on it. May be you can check it.
Comment: Thanks ViTo Brothers Apoyan but after I follow your suggestion, after I selected all the trees of developer tools, and selected NEXT button theres a problem its says:  The operation cannot be completed.  See the details.
Comment: I suggest Missy to go onto next step of Android Tutorial. Just skip installation as it has been done.
Comment: I have check  https://dl-ssl.google.com/android/eclipse/ this url now and it give 404 error may be something happens with server and you must wait some time ...
Comment: "See the details." and what details say ?
Comment: it says: Cannot complete the request.  See the error log for details.
"Android DDMS" will be ignored because it is already installed.
"Android Development Tools" will be ignored because it is already installed.
"Android Hierarchy Viewer" will be ignored because it is already installed.
"Android Traceview" will be ignored because it is already installed.
Comment: @Missy, so.... all are already installed. You do not need to install them again....
Comment: @Missy yes ... You have installed it, @Dante Jiang is Right. Why you want to install it again. May be you can try uninstall all and start again)
Comment: Thanks Guys, I learned that those are already installed, and now Im on my next step.  thanks thanks :)
Answer: i do this and it is successful
 first open   help > install new software > write in he field of work with this url
https://dl-ssl.google.com/android/eclipse/
this will succeed i try it
Answer: Did you have a connection timeout originally?
I had this as I was using a weak connection. I got a 'good' connection and the same error appeared. Try removing the 's' from https and it will try to install to a new location.
Worked for me
Answer: Under linux, I have successfully added this repository by removing the files from eclipse folder. Of course make a backup before removing any files.
<code>p2/org.eclipse.equinox.p2.engine/profileRegistry/pdtProfile.profile/.data/.settings/org.eclipse.equinox.p2.artifact.repository.prefs
p2/org.eclipse.equinox.p2.engine/profileRegistry/pdtProfile.profile/.data/.settings/org.eclipse.equinox.p2.metadata.repository.prefs
</code>
But before that I had same error. I was trying to add the repository to install plugin but instead i was receiving the error "Duplicate location" even if that record was not displayed in  "Available software sites" window.

EDIT:
Careful. This will delete other update/install software locations. You could eventually search and replace existing links from files above. But I did it my way, faster ( i don't need other software repository locations)
Answer: Go to Help ->Install New Software and then click in "Available software sites", a list of sites and folders will appear to you, so look for the one you want to remove (https://dl-ssl.google.com/android/eclipse/), click at that, then click to remove. I did so and worked :)
Sorry by the bad English.
Answer: Help ->Install New Software then check for "What is already installed".
Uninstall those things and then restart your eclipse. And then follow the same procedure you
are currently following.

ADT Installation error


Bulk file upload Appengine

Question: I have around 1500 images which are dynamically generated in my local server. I want these to upload to Appengine's datastore. How can i do this? any help, any ideas?
Answer: BlobStore
You can use the blobstore if you have a billing account.
So I assume to use the bolbstore API to upload it in chunks with a client tool over http.
Before every upload, you can ask the blobstore to give you an unique upload URL to post MIME multipart posts to it.
There is a size limit for requests I think.
Simple DataStore
If you store your images in the datastore, you can use a python tool somehow to synchronize.
Comment: changed my system architecture to solve this.!anyway thanx for your response, kisp,

Bulk file upload Appengine


Hot spot connection speed reduction

Question: I have some doubts on mobile hotspot , Suppose I create a hotspot from my phone and then connect my PC to the Hotspot , and lets say i am not using My mobile now , will I get the same speed on my PC as provided by ISP or else will there be a Speed loss ?
Comment: @Ramhound http://www.gsmarena.com/micromax_a90s-5117.php  this is the mobile
Answer: I highly doubt you would get the same internet speeds from your phone as you would from your computer when it's directly connected to your internet. Unless your phone is 4G and you get higher speeds than your ISP normally does then that could be a possibility. When you use your phone as a mobile hot spot you are using your phone's data connection.
Edit: If your phone actually gets 7.2Mbps and that is faster than your current ISP then it's possible to get faster speeds through your mobile hot spot (your phone's data connection) than it is through your ISP. But there will probably be significant lag time so that would all add into the overall snappiness of your internet connection.
Comment: thanks a lot , so your saying it lags  if it is a 3G connection

Hot spot connection speed reduction


When is "all y'allses" used?

Question: I have a student from Virginia who says she has heard the use of all y'allses; does anyone know about this? Is it that the second person plural being used is all y'alls (with the -s at the end here not indicating possessive but plural) and then the es is the possessive being added to that?
Comment: Now that is an impressive amount of pluralising and possessivising. Oddly reminiscent of how an increasing number of Danes now have a tendency to ask "Whose is that?" not with the more traditionally correct _Hvis er det?_, but with the endearingly fubared _Hvemses er detses?_ (lit. _who's's is that's's_ or _whoses' is thatses'_ if you will).
Answer: All y'allses is very Southern idiomatic speech, meaning, all of y'all's (you all's), or that all belonging to y'all.
all is a relatively common way of making an inclusive pronoun. Someone might say of a picnic table of food, "Did you make any of that all?" If the speaker is addressing several people, they might say, Did y'all make any of that-all?
All y'allses is not common except in in certain parts of the south, and definitely indicates possession, as opposed to plural. Plural of y'all is y'all, as it is a plural pronoun; sometimes all y'all may be used as the plural if it is a very large and diverse group.
But it more likely means, is that-all y'all's?
People in Tennessee (Knoxville/Memphis/Nashville) speak this way, and it is spoken in other Southern areas as well. It is very informal slang which is avoided by people who don't want to sound uneducated, or exploited by those who want to be identified with the deep south.
Comment: Thanks for the reply. But I'm unclear: what is the difference between "all y'all's" and "all y'allses" (my spelling/punctuation of that aside)? Is it that the latter is used especially when the object of the possessive is plural? So "all y'all's house" if y'all live in one house but "all y'allses houses" if y'all live in different houses?
Comment: I love hearing about this stuff. Do you know of any recordings where I could hear these expressions pronounced? Is it anything like "Y'all" as said by the character Jesse Pinkman in *Breaking Bad*? I don't remember him ever saying *All y'allses*.
Comment: @MYin: after doing a brief Google search, I can't see any difference between "all y'all's" and "all y'allses"; I see them both used for both individual and collective possession. I expect they're just different dialects.
Comment: I grew up (near Knoxville, TN) speaking Standard American English, or what Susan so quaintly describes as "very Southern Idiomatic speech."  (Well, they told me it was Standard American English.)  It often makes fun of itself and, while 'you all' is plural, 'you alls' is slightly more plural and 'you allses' is really, really plural.  If I invite 'you allses' to dinner I am indicated that I do, in fact, mean every single last one of you to come and I really hope to see each of you here.  And 'all of you allses' is even more intensified, if intensified is a word.
Comment: @MichaelOwenSartin - I did my graduate studies at UT-Oak Ridge. :) I heard "all a' y'all" more for a large groups than y'allses, but definitely y'allses for possessive *your* plural.
Comment: @Mari-LouA - Jesse Pinkman says it correctly. Jesse was never in a big enough group to say all y'alles, except for the time in Mexico when he couldn't speak. Also, I'd wonder if Jesse is "deep South" enough to push it that far.
Comment: Susan, your last statement, from the Car Talk, is wrong, at least for most varieties of Southern AmE. You've edited it to say "(this is not **true**)" which is extremely misleading as to what you believe and what is originally from the Car Talk list. I recommend it be edited or removed altogether.
Comment: @Mitch - done. Though not quite sure why.

When is "all y'allses" used?


How do I attach a receptacle box to brick instead of a stud?

Question: I need to install some new outlet boxes in an old lathe and plaster wall.  I have the baseboards pulled out so I can see where the studs are, which is just great.  However, behind the lathe is a brick wall (exterior of the building) and I was wondering if it would be OK to just attach the boxes directly to the brick (through a box-sized hole) instead of having to dig out a bigger hole in the plaster to get at the studs and attach them there.
Comment: If the brick is directly behind the lathe, it is unclear where the studs are. Is there a stud size gap between the lathe and brick?
Comment: yes to all of those questions.  But the studs are rather narrow, so the box itself is almost flush with the plaster (outer surface) when it is in the wall.
Comment: the box is supposed to be flush with the plaster.
Comment: yes, i understand.  I was just going to shove a shim in there to make it all line up right.
Answer: There is no obligation to attach an outlet box to a stud.  There are many applications where a box is "free floating" in a plaster wall using boxes that have various types of flanges that lock the box in.  Boxes are sometimes embedded in wooden boards, such as baseboards.
The important thing is to ensure that the box is firmly secured.  This could be done by screwing the box into the brick (using masonry anchors) through an existing opening in the box.  It may be more practical to obtain "old-work" type boxes that have their own retaining mechanisms. the box is slipped in, then the retaining mechanism is tightened to grip the back of the plaster and lathe.


Checking whether file already exists using while loop with ArcPy?

Question: How do I check whether a file with a user-defined prefix already exists, using the while loop and if it is a case to request another prefix?
Answer: Use arcpy.Exists()
if arcpy.Exists(r"MyFeatureClass"):
    print "Feature Class Exists"
else:
    print "Feature Class Doesn't Exist"

Additionally, look into arcpy.CreateUniqueName() to generate a new output name if the one you want to use already exists
uniqueName = arcpy.CreateUniqueName(r"MyFeatureClass")
arcpy.Buffer_analysis(r"InputFC", uniqueName, "10 Meters")

Based on what I think your code is doing, try this:
sbgfl = "sbg_fluesse"
bufferwerte = raw_input("Enter buffer in m [split with space bar]")
bufferwerte_2 = bufferwerte.split()
praefix = raw_input("Enter prefix")
for buffer_size in bufferwerte_2:
    uniqueName = arcpy.CreateUniqueName(praefix + str(buffer_size))
    arcpy.Buffer_analysis(sbgfl, uniqueName, buffer_size)

This will add a suffix number to the end of your output name to make it unique if the output name already exists.
e.g. if praefix = "roads" and buffer_size = 10, and roads10 already exists, the arcpy.CreateUniqueName() will create a output name of roads10_0 to make it unique.
And to include a notice to the user that the filename is different:
for buffer_size in bufferwerte_2:
    if arcpy.Exists(praefix + str(buffer_size)):
        print "Already exists, changing name"
    uniqueName = arcpy.CreateUniqueName(praefix + str(buffer_size))
    print "Output name = {0}".format(uniqueName)
    arcpy.Buffer_analysis(sbgfl, uniqueName, buffer_size)

Answer: Tasks such as checking for shapefiles or raster data are much more efficient using built-in Python modules. For example:
os.path.isfile(path)
However, if you need to check for the existance of data within Esri Geodatabases, use the arcpy.Exists() command as Midavalo highlights in his answer.


Did Kakashi's sharingan evolve because Obito was watching?

Question: Both Kakashi and Obito awaken their Mangekyou at the same time as told in this question When did Kakashi and Obito awaken their Mangekyou Sharingan?  The sharingan Kakashi owns originally came from Obito, so is it due to Obito also being there at the moment Rin died that Kakashi's Mangekyou also awakend? Or asked in a different way. Would Kakashi have been able to awaken the Mangekyou without Obito being there?
Answer: Interesting question with no definite answer, so I'll post my 2c here.
The Mangekyou Sharingan is activated by the immense grief caused by killing the person closest to you. However, it seems like you don't actually have to kill him, but witnessing his death is enough.
For example, Itachi did not actually kill Shisui, rather, he watched him commit suicide (filler).
I believe that both of them awakened their Mangekyou Sharingans separately, and because they were both at the scene when it happened, it happened simultaneously.
Comment: So its pretty safe to assume that if one of them was not there, that person would not off awakend the mangekyou?
Comment: @Dimitrimx I'm pretty sure the other person would still awaken the Mangekyou because if you remeber correctly, Obito was kind of seeing what Kakashi was seeing before he got to where he was (he was seeing small scenes of Rin dying).
Comment: Just a note: there are different versions of Shisui's death. In the Itachi light novels, Shisui tells Itachi to kill him so he can get his Mangekyou. Itachi pushes him in this version. The light novels are adapted in the anime, but I haven't seen them, so I don't know what that arc has to say about these events.
Answer: The Sharingan was stated to be the result of special chakra inside a Uchiha's brain altering their optic nerve when they lose those they love as Kakashi is not a Uchiha he is unlikely to be able to produce the special chakra required to gain the Mangekyou Sharingan.
Obito could still see through Kakashi's Sharingan when in close proximity had showing he is still connected to the Sharingan he gave Kakashi so I believe that through that connection the special chakra produced in Obito brain evolving his Sharingan into the Mangekyou Sharingan was trasfered to Kakashi's Sharingan causing it to evolve into the Mangekyou Sharingan.
Comment: And where might this be stated? with some valid sources this would be a amazing answer.
Comment: I seem to remember something like this being stated too. It might have been in Kakashi: Shadow of the Anbu Black Ops, or it might have been in the Itachi light novels. Or in a recent episode that aired in the US on Toonami.
Answer: Both awoke mangekyou at the same time but only obito is aware of it and can use it. It took kakashi much longer to recognise its existence and convert it to a usable ninjutsu.
Answer: The visual prowess of the eye does not depend on the will of the person using it but on the one to whom it originally belongs to (because of Madara using his brother's visual prowess and even Sasuke using Itachi's visual prowess without originally having the abilities. Also, Itachi used Shisui's visual prowess without having Kotoamatsukami originally). Therefore, Kakashi did not awaken the Mangekyou. It was Obito who awakened it in both eyes.


Has any quantum mechanics experiment ever suggested the past or future could be changed?

Question: This question has already been asked in many guises but unfortunately all the responses run the gamut of possible answers with no one who appears to be in agreement therefore I will ask in a slightly different angle everyone will appreciate. First the motivation for this question lies simply in the overwhelming news in the popular press concerning QM and some of the claims appear to be somewhat outlandish to a hobbyist as myself. Simply has any QM experiment ever confirmed, predicted or suggested that an established past event has been changed in the past or the future and demonstrated by the experiment?  By the very definition of past and future it seems to be a logical paradox but I will spare those details and say that these claims appear to be popular in today's science news. Thank You.
Comment: Please give an example. Sometimes articles claim to do this, but they use a really loose definition of "change the past". Usually this happens when one tries to model "the past" classically, which is inconsistent.
Comment: Comments are not for extended discussion; this conversation has been [moved to chat](http://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/43915/discussion-on-question-by-julius-mazzarella-has-any-quantum-mechanics-experiment).
Answer: I can see only two ways to interpret this question, and each leads to a trivial answer.
If you are asking whether the spacetime we live in could be different and still be the spacetime we live in, the answer is no because two things that are different cannot be the same.
If you are asking whether there could be another spacetime that is very similar to ours but differs only in some small details, the answer seems very likely to be yes, though it's conceivable that for some odd currently unimagined reason, every spacetime that is sufficiently similar to ours must be identical to ours.
If you are asking something else, then I have no idea what you are asking.
Comment: +1, **but** Physics will never escape philosophy :)
Comment: well he's asking whether there have been experimental results to suggest a branching space-time I think. That is, if we interpret the universe in a deterministic way in which the evolution of the universe's topology is well-defined without probabilistic trajectories of particles. No other way to change the universe's evolution in a deterministic viewpoint, I think.
Comment: No need for probabilistic trajectories, those are classical entities, all you need is deterministic quantum state evolution, i.e., unitary. So, no, no experimental result that suggests a branching of spacetime. If you think there is post it.
Answer: Before I go a bit out on a limb, I will say that from an operational perspective that the answer Anna V gave is pretty good. It basically says that quantum physics from an experimental view computes amplitudes that give probabilities for measurements to be made in the future.
The arrow of time and the apparent change in entropy $dS/dt~\ge~0$ is with coarse grained or thermal entropy. We may think of the fine grained entropy for two entangled systems as $S(A\cup B)~=~S(A)~+~S(B)~-~S(A|B)$, which is related to the coarse grained entropy if we remove the $S(A|B)$. What that tells us then is that coarse grained entropy occurs when we lack the fine grained details of where entanglement phase of $A$ and $B$ is transferred or exchanged to an open world in ways not known. We may then related that to a reduced quantum state, which involves a change of entropy, and something which occurs in the future. We have connection still with Anna's comment.
Now suppose we have a coset space/group system for entanglements. A symplectic or symplectic-unitary group $\cal G$ defines a system modulo equivalent group transformations or gauge connection on a section $X$, and so $\Xi~=~{\cal G}/X$ is a symmetry of entanglement. If this has noetherian properties then it predicts conservation of qubits. This means that a measurement or thermal change $\Delta S~\ge~0$ is a measure of ignorance on how entanglement phase is exchanged, but qubits are still conserved. Hence outcomes are still something in the future.
This is a subjective definition of time based on the subjective definition of thermal entropy. If it is subjective, then can it be reversed? Sort of, and some experiments with systems with small number of particles can have $\Delta S~<~0$ at least in a transient time period. However, on the large let us suppose that we could reverse this apparent loss of entanglement phase so rather than being lost in the future it appears in the past. Quantum mechanics as a time symmetric theory tells us nothing whether one is true or false. So if entanglement phase in a coarse grained sense did appear in the past, opposite our standard definition, then in a sense all we have really done is to place a minus sign to our definition of time. Nothing has actually changed!
In a multiverse setting it is entirely possible that different cosmologies have different arrows of time relative to each other. However, if you were an observer in a cosmology with an arrow of time opposite to our you would observe nothing at all different. Time would still appear to be in one direction.
Comment: it is a kind of historic question, not one on the retrocausality ... No ? perhaps I misundertood the question
Comment: And if the entanglement appeared in the past, then or at another point in space in the future, and randomly like that, since there is no basis for choosing one or the other, then would the arrow of time be a random field over all spacetime? And now that whole argument means nothing. But you can't rule it out, you've introduced no good reason why past or future be preferred. So the time arrow being chosen to wherever entropy increases makes no sense unless we know that it'll increase over all space and at all times.
Comment: Entanglement exchange is time reversal and it has a recurrence time. It is similar to Poincare recurrence for classical mechanics. For classical system with N particles the recurrence time is $T\sim 10^N$ and the recurrence for quantum phase is $T\sim 10^{10^N}$. For cosmology that is a very long time. If one lack fine grained information then it does make sense that thermal entropy will increase with the apparent loss of phase information. Anything else would as you say not make much sense.
Answer:
Simply has any QM experiment ever confirmed, predicted or suggested that an established past event has been changed in the past or the future and demonstrated by the experiment?

Quantum mechanical predictions for experimental setups always have to do with the arrow of time, the prediction is for a future measurement. Past events by construction cannot be changed and future events can, by changing the boundary conditions. The predictions are probabilistic, but that is another story.
Comment: I believe Future events cannot be changed by definition, otherwise you can't call it the future because it would never have existed in order for you to change it.  If you want to eliminate the law of excluded middle and cause and effect then past and present can be changed.
Comment: You are not thinking as an experimental physicist. An experimental physicist is in the NOW. He/she has mathematical tools that can have as input the parameters of NOW and predict the output at a time NOW+t . Both classically and quantum mechanically. Quantum mechanical predictions are probabilistic. The future can change with new measurements if the NOW parameters are changed.  A change in NOW parameters does not change the past, by construction of observed reality.


quality checks on PCBs

Question: I am trying to implement a quality check for our PCBs. We have a pick and place machine and a vapour solder machine. But, unfortunately, even after optical inspection and such, we end up with a lot of tombstones.
The worst are the 0201 package passives. They are so small that even after manual inspection, many are assumed to be ok as they are a tiny speck.
Is there any documentation that can guide me for a thorough quality check of inhouse PCBs please.
I am sure that PCB houses have their own quality checks and protocols. Can anyone share a document that details out the process please.
What are the testing and quality control standards implemented by PCB assembly houses ?
Comment: Sounds like your fabhouse is not capable of using 0201. Use a different one?
Comment: Aside: Has the PCB designer worked with 0201 packs before? If you're having a lot of tombstoning, you need to look at the PCB itself. Those tiny packages just don't allow you to get  away with things you could at 0805 and 0603.
Comment: @PlasmaHH Tombstoning is more PCB design that manufacturing process, especially at 0201.
Comment: @MattYoung: I assumed 1) a proper design and c) a fabhouse doing proper rules checks for their capabilities. Probably too much assumptions.
Answer: We basically do the following things (depending on customer's wishes).

Automated Optical Inspection (AOI)
Flying Probe testing (FP)
In Circuit Testing (ICT)
Functional Testing

It very much depends on the variety and quantity of products.
Comment: All of them are expensive to procure up front. This will be an investment you will need to make. Regarding ICT, we use a product from Eschke Elektronik, Berlin (similar to this one: http://www.dr-eschke.de/Produkte/CT350_Comet_Td/ct350_comet_td.html). This is basically a freely programmable device where you use an adapter desinged for one specific product. It is especially useful for doing very deep testing for medium to high quantities. There are smaller models available as well, yet I wouldn't recommend it as the first choice system since every product you make will require its own adapter.
Comment: Could you kindly shed some light on the in circuit testing please. The others look quite expensive to procure unfortunately.

quality checks on PCBs


Problem with adding PhD co supervisor

Question: I just started my PhD in physics. It has been 6 months. I have had a mentor for sometime and I have wanted to add him as a co-supervisor. My university told me he cannot be added as a co-supervisor because he works in the same field (physics). The co supervisor can be added only if he's from another discipline like biology for example. Is this how these things work? I am confused and also angry. My supervisor says that I can still collaborate with him. But I still don't feel good about it.
Comment: Presumably your university is correct about their own rules. But there are many other places  where a cosupervisor being in the same field or even department would not be a problem.
Comment: Can you clarify what you don't feel good about?
Comment: Seems to me a strange policy... No, this is not how things usually work, in my experience.
Comment: Presumably you want someone from the same field so that in case something happens to your principal supervisor, there is a backup.  You sure your university's policy says that?
Comment: @Newuser7 - It would probably help you to include the funding issue in a "why I don't feel good about it" paragraph in your post itself. The title aside, others may be able to suggest ways to address that and any other consequences of the refusal.
Comment: Exactly. Also since this co supervisor is at another university, arranging funding to visit him would be way easier if he was a co supervisor. Unfortunately, the university policy apparently says that. I don't understand why this policy is in place as well.
Comment: Having co-advisors is not common in my department (also physics), but a close analogue might be having someone on your PhD thesis committee. At my institution, one member of the committee must be from a different field. In any case this doesn't sound out of place to me.
Answer: In the US, at least, every university sets its own policies in such things so you need to ask them for reasons if you really want to know.
But a typical reason might be to optimize (in some sense) faculty usage and efforts. Another might be to assure that you don't get conflicting advice. Some questions here relate to problems with co supervisors. In the case of a dispute between "advisors", should it arise, having a single advisor makes it clear whose advice you need to follow and the dispute can't be used to block you. It happens.
And your assumption about funding travel might be erroneous. Funds don't magically appear and if the place doesn't allow co-supervisors they are unlikely to have funding for such.
External supervisors are another issue as they may get no credit for advising you.
That said, you can certainly seek advice from whomever you wish, local or otherwise. A co-supervisor formal relationship is mostly just an administrative acknowledgement, unless funding is supplied.
The exception for cross-discipline co-advisors is likely there to encourage such things, as is appropriate.
But, as your advisor suggests, you can get advice and collaborate with others. The policy doesn't prohibit that.
There is one caveat, however. You say that the prohibition applies to co-advisors in the same discipline, but your definition of that seems very broad. Physics covers a lot of fields. Make sure you understand the policy. Different physicists in different specialties do quite different things. Maybe different enough in your case.
Comment: You can get any expertise from him that he is willing to give. That isn't an issue. If you have something to offer, it might be possible for him to fund you for a visit to give a talk. See edit, also.
Comment: Hello! Firstly thank you. About the funding situation. I think there is a misunderstanding. What I mean is it would be easier for the co supervisor to arrange funding for me to visit him. About external supervisor, he is happy to supervise me. The idea is here it would help funding. And also I would have a backup supervisor. I also need his expertise for my research.
Comment: @Newuser7: So you're saying that your "mentor" could obtain travel funding for you from their institution if they were officially designated as your co-supervisor? You might want to lead with that the next time you bring this up with whoever denied the request before. I cannot *guarantee* that it will help, but IME "I could get external funding for this, if only…" are often the magic words that can convince administration to find some way to make things work.
Answer: This is very much institution-dependent.  Actually in many examples I'm familiar with, the co-supervisor must be a member of the same (graduate) program so a would-be co-supervisor from biology would first have to become adjunct in physics to be granted co-supervision privileges, effectively becoming a member of the graduate department (here of physics) in addition to their regular duties in their home unit.
As a result, "sharing" students between faculty in the same unit, subject to some formal agreement (which may include sharing the funding burden if required) is not that uncommon.
There is really nothing you can do.  In my experience units have (usually good) historical reasons for this or that policy, often driven by the desire to rectify some previous abuse or avoid some tricky situation.

Problem with adding PhD co supervisor