How can I load an unmodded backup into a modded game?

Question: In Minecraft 1.16.4, I've played on an unmodded world. I want to play with mods, however I also want to keep my vanilla world. I've already created a backup and extracted it however I'm not sure how or even if I'm able to transfer it to my forge version.
Answer: You should be able to just put the world in the saves folder, run forge and load the world but the real problem is that if the mod adds more ores you will have to mine in chunks that haven't been loaded you can get around this a number of ways but by far the easiest is to use a mod that adds a dimension that has ore generation


How can I add a attachment field to my new form list

Question: I have the setting checked yes for attachments.
Then I click on the edit tab above then attach file, once I attach the file, it disappears and I cant see it after the record is saved.
So how would I add a attachment to a record?
Comment: What version of Sharepoint are you using? You should be adding the attachment through the ribbon, when you create a New item or Edit an existing item. Once you save, you should be able to see the attachment listed on the View item.
Comment: 2010, when I click attach file, the browse button appears on the bottom of my site, then I attaché but cant view it.
Answer: You have 2 ways to do it.

One is create a hidden field in the list named Attachments, and with
the help of event receiver, set it when attachment added, updated,
deleted. So, now you have the attachment names (if needed add them as
links, for this the column must be of type multi line text box (rich
text field)).
Second and easiest way is the modifications using SharePoint
Designer. Just follow this steps mentioned here


Do I edit before giving a client a choice, or let the client choose and then edit?

Question: I am wondering if I charge per image, do I edit all the photos and then let the client choose or do they choose the ones for me to edit?
Answer: It completely depends on the circumstances around your photography. We used to run some standard filters around High School Seniors and sports photos but saved more intense editing until after purchase.
Personally, I've never shown a wedding photo that wasn't edited.
If you can realistically get away with minimal or automated editing, then you'll save a lot of time. If there's a chance that displaying photos of this quality will hurt your reputation or the client's perception of value of your photos, then you should edit before showing.
Answer: There's 'editing' (culling out the bad shots and near-duplicates, basic global adjustments for such things as color correction and exposure, cropping and straightening, etc.) and then there's Editing (extensive layer based localized color and contrast adjustments, frequency separation to smooth skin, selective sharpening, etc.).
For most cases it makes good sense to do the former before any images are shown to a client, particularly if the edits can be done by batch. Unless the contract is structured so that you are compensated for doing the latter to every image you present to the client, it doesn't make much sense to do more extensive editing to every single image you will present to your client if not all of those images will eventually be delivered as final product.
This would particularly be the case if you are going to present a very large number of images from which the client can select a much more limited number of images to be delivered as finished product.


How do I make a Gantt Chart where the project execution phase in the WBS is modified to implement Scrum?

Question: How do I expand the tasks in the project execution phase in order to include enough sub-tasks that show the use of Scrum?
Comment: Welcome to PMSE! A Gantt chart has nothing to do with the Scrum framework, although Scrum teams can sometimes make use of them. Please improve your question by providing additional context, including *why* you're trying to do whatever it is in a Gantt chart. As it stands, your question is unclear, and is likely to be closed.
Answer: Why are you attempting to produce a Gantt chart?
I suggest that you read the Scrum Guide as this will provide a background into relevant Scrum artifacts.
I expect the real reason is that the business is not buying into Scrum and is expecting artifacts based on project management methodologies such as Prince or PMP in which case you have 3 options...

Attempt to facilitate change in upper management's ideas
Forget Scrum and use said PM methodology
Leave and find a position willing to adopt Scrum and not saying 'Our version of Scrum'
Answer: You are not going to like this; the answer is you cannot.
A Scrum project can ally to a release plan but a Gantt chart is the antithesis of Scrum.
Answer: Sometimes projects require more than Scrum artifacts - Scrum artifacts deal with what's in the Sprint (and product backlog) but on larger projects there are also other things to do (that fall outside of any Sprint).  In those cases, there is nothing wrong with a WBS or a schedule.  Assuming you have something like major features or epics I would show these in the WBS - the WBS should show at summary level everything that is to be delivered and ultimately any project would benefit from a clear view of all the deliverables (software or otherwise).
Sometimes there is more to life than software. :)


How difficult is it to design a high bypass turbofan given a military derived core?

Question: Suppose one of the big-threes is given a military low-bypass turbofan core, how difficult would it be to produce a design centered around this core that matches the competitive performance of a similar brand-new design? What parts are new aside from the fan? Does it need a new LP compressor and LP turbine? Can you safely crank up the overall pressure ratio, confident in the fact that the original design's tolerance for supersonic flight would mean the HP compressor has the ability to take the heat of higher compression subsonic flight and hence needs no modification at all?
Comment: My spidey sense tells me that you'd end up with a Frankenfan monstrosity that is not particularly optimized or efficient. If it was practical someone would've done it by now.
Answer: As of 2015, the #1 selling jet engine, the CFM56, is exactly that.
The core is from the General Electric F101, which powers the Rockwell B-1 Lancer no less.
The development was shrouded in secrecy, and politics were involved, and at least at one point only the Americans had access to the core details, while the French built around it (the new LP spool – which does include the turbines).

Engines assembled in France were subject to the initially strict export agreement, which meant that GE's core was built in the U.S., then shipped to the Snecma plant in France where it was placed in a locked room into which even the President of Snecma was not allowed.

The linked Wikipedia featured article is a must read, and trying to summarize it here wouldn't do it any justice. But yes, it's not only possible, it's been done. Judging by the specifications, the civilian CFM56 has higher OPR (a jump from 26.8 to upwards of 27.5–38.3 depending on the variant).

According to the image above and this webpage, technology from the CFM56 fed back into the F110, which went on to power the F-14, F-15, and F-16.
Comment: Well there ya go...well done.
Comment: Rolls Royce do the same with the core from the AE2100 turbo prop on the Hercules and other platforms, the same core is used in the AE3007 engine.


My Calathea zebrina is having burnt edges in almost all leaves and even the new baby leaves are burnt

Question: I have attached the pictures of the plant here. I water sufficiently and I place the plant in moderate humidity and light.
Answer: I would repot them, using new, healthy soil. Don't go for the cheap stuff, the whole point is for the plant to have nutritious, well-drained soil. I like to add organic compost from my compost pile to the mix, it works really well.
Also, be conservative on the watering, less is more.


changing DTS(data transformation service) options in sql server 2000 through SQL Query Analyzer

Question: How do i change DTS options in sql server 2000 through SQL Query Analyzer? Such options are source, destination, transformation columns, etc..
Answer: You can't edit a DTS package through Query Analyzer; completely different set of tools. You do have a couple of options, however:
The closest you could come to this (and my DTS skills are very rusty) is to design your DTS package to look at a Parameters table in a SQL database, and edit those parameters via Query Analyzer.
Your second option (assuming you have xp_cmdshell enabled on your server) would be to use external variables in DTS, and use DTSRUN via xp_cmdshell to pass in those external variables.  This is a bit of a kludge, but if you're trying to call a DTS package from a stored procedure with different parameters, it may be more robust than the first method (i.e., allows multiple instances of the proc to run without interference).
HTH,
Stu


What is the difference between てください and てくれます?

Question: I've come across 2 ways of asking someone to do something for you: てください and てくれます
I'd like to know the difference between them
Answer: The only difference is in the politeness levels.
「~~てください」 sounds a little bit politer than 「~~てくれます」 with a rising intonation at the end.  (「~~てください」 is pronounced with a falling intonation at the end.)
The latter (along with 「~~てもらえます」 also with a rising intonation at the end) has gained much popularity among the younger generations in the last couple of decades.  Quite frankly, I do not remember hearing either of those as a kid very often and as a natural result, I do not use them myself.
I assure you, however, that both 「くれます」 and 「もらえます」 are now very commonly heard in stores and eateries to make requests.  Mind you, those are used by the customers and not the clerks.  That fact alone should show just how not-so-polite those two expressions are.
Answer: てください is a formal way to request someone to do something for you. For example,

たべてください ("Please eat.")

For てくれます, I think you are referring to てくれませんか.
てくれませんか, according to the Genki textbook (Second Edition), is "roughly equal in the degree of politeness to てください". So you can say,

いっしょに たべませんか. ("Would you like to go eat with me?")

If you want to sound casual with てくれませんか, you can use てくれない.
Hope this helps.


Is it Loshon Hara if no one hears it?

Question: If I speak Loshon Hara under my breath so that no one else hears it but me (and Hashem of course!), is it the same issur?
Comment: Related: http://judaism.stackexchange.com/q/40462
Answer: Speaking לשון הרע which does not actually get heard can be likened to someone to desires to commit a sin but then is thwarted by someone or something.  Strictly speaking, the Torah prohibits actions rather than thoughts.  However, most Torah commentators (Ibn Ezra, Sforno, Malbim, Hertz) treat lusting to sin as a weaker form of commiting the sin itself.  And of course, it is viewed as something to be avoided.  However, this assumes that the person willfully intended to commit the sin, which in your case is speaking slander.  It would seem that if you accidentally spoke לשון הרע under your breath AND no one else heard or even saw you forming words, then by the letter of the law you are guiltless.  This would be similar to someone who almost commited a sin by accident.  Even if it had happened, he could repent, but he need not do anything.
Comment: but is the issur the speaking or the being heard?
Comment: Miriam spoke to Aaron, if she simply muttered against Tzipporah under her breath would she have gotten tzaras?
Comment: In Numbers 12:1 we can assume that Miriam was openly talking.  Throughout the 40 years there must have been other people who thought to speak against Moses.  Yet we only know about those who actually spoke.

Is it Loshon Hara if no one hears it?


Does the HTTPS protocol consume a lot of CPU time?

Question: If every TLS message has to be encrypted / decrypted by both hosts involved in the secure connection, is this consuming a lot of CPU time?
Comment: There are many answers already on this site if you search "https performance". The computational overhead will be less and less of a problem on the client side compared to network latency. Servers with modern CPUs with cryptographic offload can help or you can use dedicated SSL gateways.
Comment: Yes, it needs time. But todays computers can handle it without major delays.
Comment: Helps also to nowadays have hardware acceleration build in to standard computers for this task.
Answer: I believe the website "Is TLS Fast Yet" https://istlsfastyet.com can answer your question. Here's a quote from the top of the page:

"On our production frontend machines, SSL/TLS accounts for less than 1% of the CPU load, less than 10 KB of memory per connection and less than 2% of network overhead. Many people believe that SSL/TLS takes a lot of CPU time and we hope the preceding numbers will help to dispel that." -- Adam Langley, Google
Answer: Just performed some tests on single board ARM CPU PC:
As many web questions I stumbled, also here the answer is "it depends".
I tested with AB (Apache Benchmark) from PC on same network and just HTTP1.1 (do not have HTTP2 due to old Linux/Apache version)
So... if KeepAlive is disabled- performance is really bad. CPU load is high.
If AB uses KeepAlive and Apache uses KeepAlive 5 or 10- performance is still bad. Still high CPU load.
If KeepAlive is insane high 200... performance is acceptable.
So if domain sharding is used, the HTTPS performance is bad. If just one domain is used with high keepalive than the performance is acceptable.
First handshake to establish the connection makes the difference.
And yes HTTPS is like taking taking medicine if you are cold, but having to travel to next city. If you have to go for every pill to the next city and ask for directions to the next open pharmacy- it hurts you more. If you take the pack- it is acceptable.
p.s. I guess that the ARM CPU does not have hardware acceleration for the encryption or it is not enabled. It is like the CPU software rendering of games vs the GPU cores vs dedicated graphic card.
Comment: This is mostly a good answer, but it would probably improved by indicating some benchmarks for what 'high' and 'low' are.
Comment: Not scalable, but 200-300 HTTP requests per second for small file and 30% CPU usage, 20-50 for high keepalive HTTPS and 2-3 requests per second for HTTPS without keepalive. For HTTPS the CPU usage is above 50%
Comment: What is a "small file". What is the CPU time consumed per file transaction and CPU clock frequency.
Comment: Just tested with other PC (old but decent) with self signed certificate- instead of 2.5 on the ARM, I got 30-50 transfers per second for the laptop (no keepalive). 20% CPU usage and 6W core power. On the laptop concurrent connections are possible and this increases performance (80 r/s). On the ARM the SSL handshake fails when using concurrency. It really depends. ARM might get better if I manage to enable the HW acceleration (I suspect that it is disabled).  Just 100Mbps LAN. If someone wants to test just the SSL impact- test with the loopback (localhost). There are too many factors.
Answer: No matter how fast your systems are:
Time == Money. CPU Time == CPU Money
The issue is not as much "is encryption under TLS or SSL fast" but rather "how much processor do you have to spare?".
AES encryption (used in TLS) is computationally intensive and expensive.  As an answer points out here  "SSL/TLS accounts for less than 1% of the CPU load". If, for example, it accounted for (being generous) 0.5% of the CPU load and the system had 199 simultaneous TLS connections being processed, the 200th one would have to wait because the processor was maxed out.
But 200 is not really a realistic number of connections... Lets say you are in the top web sites in the world... say in the top 0.1%, up there with NASA during Xmas, the IRS around April 15 or just an average day on CNN's web site.  You are talking somewhere well beyond 70,000,000 HTTPS connections (hits) a day. So lets do the math...
70,000,000 HTTPS connections (hits) a day is
2,916,666 hits an hour
48,611 hits a minute
810 hits a second.. a hit is a file download...
So if that system is using HTTPS instead of HTTP and we give the encryption the benefit of the doubt that it is only 0.5% processor load then...
That means that you to handle the same traffic at the same load factor we need to increase the capacity of the system to handle...
0.5% * 810 is 4.05 hits per second or
0.5% * 48,611 is 243 hits per minute or
0.5% * 2,916,666 is 14,583 hits per hour
0.5% * 70,000,000 is 350,000 hits per day
The cost is 350,000 hits per day the extra capacity needed to use HTTPS.
This translates in architectural terms into adding extra SSL/TLS accelerator CPUs to keep the load off the actual web servers. And of course, any reasonable hosting architecture has to have redundancy so multiply the SSL/TLS accelerator box cost times 2, then stir in both human support costs and tech refresh costs to adequately maintain your HTTPS
Now consider if this is all for non-authenticated access... nothing that required encryption to keep it private... (like free news or sales and marketing material) then you just wasted your money and time with HTTPS vs unencrypted HTTP.
What makes more sense is to encrypt that which needs to be secure (logins, connections to restricted or private content) and leave the rest that need not be secured, unencrypted.
Arbitrarily using HTTPS for public data is like taking an antibiotic each time you get a cold... WebMD Cold Guide
Comment: Apart from very few special cases (e.g. a software repository where the authenticity of the content is verified through other channels), there aren't any parts on a typical website that don't need to be secured. This is all the more true if your website gets the amount of traffic that it could even noticeably affect costs. And it's not like mixing HTTPS and HTTP would make maintenance simpler. (The mention of antibiotics is of course a red herring).
Comment: 1) You encrypt data in transit so your marketing materials are not tampered with by ISP or whatever rouge there is (and there is a lot)
2) If you have 70M hits a day you are big target for injection in transit, so better have HTTPS
3) Most company pages don't get even 350k hits a day so your CPU is idling, then better to use spare cycles to do encryption
Comment: **200 is not the number of connections a day, but the number of simultaneous connections.** Any more than a few thousand and you will be simply _incapable_ of performing any more, TLS or not. You seem to have completely misunderstood the source you are criticizing. -1
Comment: @MarcSchütz Even a signed software repository needs TLS. Imagine if this software repository were tampered with over MITM to simply remove the links to the signed digests, for example, making it likely that most people would simply assume it is _not_ signed.
Comment: @forest By "verified through other channels" I was thinking of the signing key being shipped on installation media, as is common in Linux distributions. Without something like that, you're of course vulnerable to MITM. It was just meant as a real-life example, I didn't want to go into the details in a simple comment.


Will I run into trouble if I water houseplants with carbonated water?

Question: I have rather a lot of partially flat liters, and wonder if I could use it as a drink for my house plants. Will purified carbonated water harm plants?
Answer: Depends on whether, and how much, alkali salts have been added - Schweppes Club soda has sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate and potassium sulfate added to it. I'd use it on the garden instead, unless you want to do a trial on a couple of plants and see what the results are.
Comment: Agreed. If the only ingredient in the ingredients list is "carbonated water" then you should be just fine.
Comment: I'll probably try it on an aloe and see what happens.
Comment: Cool question...! Never even thought about this.


HTTPS with Flask-RESTful and mod_wsgi

Question: I am trying to restrict a Google Apps API Python client to HTTPS, using Flask-RESTful and mod_wsgi.  The API itself appears to work, but I am running into errors when I point web browsers to the HTTPS url.
I'm fairly new to Python, Flask, and mod_wsgi, but I have the following pared-down example code:
/home/myself/testgoogle/testgoogle.py
#!/usr/local/bin/python
import json
import os
import sys

from DirectoryServiceObject import DirectoryServiceObject
from flask import Flask, request
from flask.ext.restful import abort, Api, Resource
from apiclient import errors
from apiclient.discovery import build

directory_service_object = DirectoryServiceObject().service_object

app = Flask( __name__ )
app.debug = True
api = Api( app )

class OrgUnitsList( Resource ):
    def get( self ):
        all_org_units = {}

        params = { "customerId": "my_customer" }

        try:
            all_org_units = directory_service_object.orgunits().list( **params ).execute()
        except errors.HttpError, e:
            error = json.loads(e.content)
            return error

        return all_org_units

api.add_resource( OrgUnitsList, "/orgunitslist" )

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run( host="secured.example.com", port=5001 )

/home/myself/testgoogle/testgoogle.wsgi
import sys
sys.path.insert( 0, "/home/myself/testgoogle" )
from testgoogle import app as application

/path/to/apache/ssl.conf
<VirtualHost 256.256.256.256:5001>
ServerName secured.example.com:5001

WSGIScriptAlias / /home/myself/testgoogle/testgoogle.wsgi

ErrorLog /home/myself/error.log
LogLevel warn
CustomLog /home/myself/access.log combined

<Directory /home/myself/testgoogle>
  WSGIProcessGroup testgoogle
  WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
  Order deny,allow
  Allow from all
</Directory>

</VirtualHost>

When I point my web browser to https://secured.example.com:5001/orgunitslist to get a list of my Google domain's organization units, I have the error "can't connect to the server 'secured.example.com'".
If I first run "python testgoogle.py" the API starts, but using the web browser ends up with "code 400, message Bad request syntax", and the browser hangs.  I am assuming it is because the script is expecting HTTP.  Of course, as expected going to the same URL using HTTP works, and I get a list of the org units.
What am I missing?  What else do I need, or need to do differently, in order to restrict API calls to HTTPS?
Answer: I appear to have fixed the issue by making the following changes:

testgoogle.py renamed to TestGoogleClient.py.
testgoogle.wsgi renamed to TestGoogleWsgi.wsgi and I modified the last line to read from TestGoogleClient import app as application.

For some reason, having both .wsgi and .py files with the same name seemed to give me "app not found" errors.
I also modified my Apache config:

Added Listen 256.256.256.256:5001 and WSGISocketPrefix /var/run/wsgi outside of the <VirtualHost> section.
Added the following inside <VirtualHost>:

SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /path/to/my/cert
SSLCertificateKeyFile /path/to/my/key
WSGIDaemonProcess TestGoogleClient python-path=/path/to/python/site-packages
WSGIProcessGroup TestGoogleClient
WSGIScriptAlias / /home/myself/testgoogle/TestGoogleWsgi.wsgi

And to top everything off, I needed my System Administrators to allow my app through the firewall.

HTTPS with Flask-RESTful and mod_wsgi


How does one contact a user if they have/want additional information?

Question: Discussion on How should we respond to contact-me-privately and no-work-shown answers? includes SE is not a social networking site. My cousin has been researching both her and her partner's family for quite a long time. One of the names researched has recently appeared in a question on Genealogy.SE. This is of interest to my cousin and she would like to contact the writer. There are no contact details on the user profile. What are her options to persue this contact?
Answer: I think that there is a way to invite a person to a personal, private 'chat', but maybe you both have to already be in the chatroom?
...or no, if you made a chat post like, "Hey @user, I'd like to discuss some family-name related stuff in a private chat..." then would you include a private chat link or something? Not sure how it's done, but by @user-ing that person in the chatroom, they would get a notification that you had spoken that message to them - even if they get the message three days later.
(hope that made sense) lol
Any experienced SE users want to comment or clarify what I just tried to bumble through? ;)

Maybe you would need to be a high-rep user in order to 'create a chatroom'???
Comment: You can create a chat room with rep of 100, and talk in a chat room with rep of 20. (You can listen but not talk with zero rep). Remember, no chat rooms are private -- creating a new room is a way of making space for a focussed discussion but anyone will be able to see it and enter if they choose.
Answer: She can include her own contact details in her profile.  and leave a comment for the user asking them to make contact. The comment should be relevant to the specific post it's associated with or it risks being deleted as 'noise'.
Comment: **Solicitations for personal contact should *not* be permitted in answers *or* comments.** The **public** nature of these sites specifically dissuades that type of *private*, off-line contact. That is by design. We do not provide social networking functions that would allow you to contact a user privately, so if a user wants to be contacted in this manner, they can leave that information their profile. Chat would also be appropriate because it designed to be a bit more social, and it is not really considered part of the Q&A canon.
Comment: It would be useful to use whatever mechanism boosts this thread to the front of people's consciousness to encourage them to include a contact address or website.
Comment: Although I include my email in my own profile, I completely understand if people don't want this to be visible to "the world". While I appreciate that SE isn't a social networking site, I DO believe that there should be a link for sending an email to someone without requiring their email to publicly displayed. The sender should not see the email address when sending that message, and it is therefore up to the recipient whether to reply or not.
Comment: @ACProctor That sounds like a feature request -- do you want to post it as such?
Comment: I think it's probably too obvious so I'm sure it has been suggested before. It avoids adding lots of social-networking features. It avoids Web bots finding visible email addresses. It also allows the recipient to stay cloaked and to not enter into an email conversation if they so wish.
Comment: @ColeValleyGirl, So why do our profiles contain any contact infomation at all then? Either we're expected to use them or they shouldn't be there. As it is, expecting people to make such details publically available is very bad practice. Whoever makes those decisions needs to take a second look at it.
Comment: @RobertCartaino Thanks for the clarification. We maybe need to update http://meta.genealogy.stackexchange.com/q/1568/104.
Comment: @ACproctor, various things seem to have been suggested but every one of them has been rejected -- I think there's a pretty firm intention not to enable private contact.
Comment: @ColeValleyGirl, Yes, I get that impression. However, as a dogmatic "no", it does not satisfy real end-user requirements, nor satisfy me that SE is being allowed to evolve naturally. I still doubt that SE is workable on a variety of topics in its current form.
Comment: @Acproctor, I'm pretty sure it's not being allowed to evolve naturally... it's designed as a Q&A site, not a forum nor a discussion site and the design decisions are taken to channel it down that route.
Comment: @ACproctor, Moderators need to contact users privately in some circumstances, which is what the hidden email address in your profile is for. Everything else is optional. Publishing a web-page in your profile is one (ineffective?) way of raising the profile of a related activity; that's the only other piece of structured contact information. What somebody chooses to put in the free-text is their own decision, and not a design decision by SE. So I don't see that anybody is being expected to make contact details publicly available *to make SE work for its intended purpose*.


Coleman Mandula theorem and translations

Question: I don't know what Coleman Mandula theorem is, however if I were forced to say something about it, I will say it is a statement that suggests that internal and spatial symmetries have no unique combined structure. As it were, supersymmetry seems to pop translated fermions from bosons and what not. The truth is I have read a little about this and am looking for someone to give me a simplified mathematical and wordy excursion to the proper statement of the theorem and its (simplified) mathematical formulation. Usually, there are simpler versions or analogs, for most hard things to grasp. Is there one for this?
Answer: Basically, the Coleman-Mandula theorem says that given some reasonable assumptions (which do not always hold), the most general Lie algebra $\mathfrak g$ of symmetries of S-matrix is a direct product of Poincare algebra and an algebra of internal symmetries (perhaps they also show that the latter is reductive, I am not quite sure). The assumptions are stated in the abstract of their paper

$\mathfrak g$ contains a subalgebra isomorphic to Poincare algebra,
there is only a finite number of one-particle states below any given mass,
an assumption on analyticity of S-matrix,
an assumption on non-triviality of S-matrix (needed in part to exclude highly symmetric free theories),
a technical assumption about the kernels of symmetry generators.

Also, they give a precise definition of what they mean by a symmetry -- for them it is a unitary operator which

maps one particle states to one particle states,
transforms multi-particle states as if they were tensor products,
commutes with S-matrix.

I am not very familiar with the proof, but it can be of course found in the original paper.
The essence of the theorem is that (given the assumptions) one cannot mix space-time symmetries with internal symmetries in a non-trivial way. E.g. one cannot have non-trivial commutators $[P_\mu, B]\neq 0$ for $P$ the momentum and $B$ an internal symmetry. It also says that one cannot have higher-spin conserved charges (i.e. a "momentum" with two indices $P_{\mu\nu}$). The latter actually follows from rather simple kinematical considerations, which show that scattering has to be trivial if such charges exist.
An extension of Coleman-Mandula theorem is Haag–Lopuszanski–Sohnius theorem, which relaxes the assumption that $\mathfrak g$ is a Lie algebra, and allows it to be a super-Lie algebra (i.e. to have anti-commutators). In this case they find the same result with Poincare algebra replaced by super-Poincare algebra. The latter contains Poincare algebra, supersymmetry generators (fermionic supercharges), and $R$-symmetry generators. $R$-symmetry is a kind of "internal" symmetry which mixes with ferminonic space-time symmetries -- the supercharges are charged under this symmetry. Still, Poincare generators do not mix with it, and the bosonic part of $\mathfrak g$ obeys Coleman-Mandula theorem.
There are some modifications for gapless theories, which give rise to (super-)conformal algebras, but for me the meaning of it is not clear, since conformal field theories do not have a S-matrix in canonical sense. Super-conformal cases can be more rigorously dealt with by looking for super-Lie algebras which have a conformal subalgebra. This leads to a classification of superconformal algebras in any spacetime dimension (one of the results is that there are no superconformal algebras in higher than 6 spacetime dimensions).
I want to add that the original Haag–Lopuszanski–Sohnius paper is very easy to read and I totally recommend it.
Comment: @innisfree, yes, I believe that is the standard terminology in physics literature
Comment: Does super Lie = graded Lie algebra in your language?
Comment: No, there is a difference between Z/2-graded Lie algebras and super Lie algebras: the former is still a Lie algebra, only enjoying the additional poperty that the Lie bracket respects a given Z/2-grading on the underlying vector space. But a super Lie algebra is in general not an ordinary Lie algebra: it also has an underlying Z/2-graded vector space, but the key difference is that the bracket of two odd-graded elements in this space is not skew-symmetric, but symmetric.


JMeter- multiple user login and extract the user id and password without using csv file

Question: I am new to jmeter. so I need to know what is the alternative for csv data set config because if I use csv data it okay for couple of user but every time i need to change or add the data in file. it time consuming i need efficient way which i can extract the user name and password from code instead of using hot code value.
Answer: The alternative options would be:

Getting credentials from the database using JMeter's JDBC Test Elements , see How to Retrieve Database Data for API Testing with JMeter
If your users are synthetic, i.e. user1, user2, etc. and have the same password or password of the similar pattern you can use Counter configuration element or __counter() function or __threadNum() function to generate incremented number
Answer: In JMeter, you can extract user id and password without using a CSV file by using the User Parameters pre-processor element. This element allows you to define variables that can be used in your test plan.
Here are the steps to extract user id and password using the User Parameters pre-processor element:

Add a User Parameters pre-processor element under the Thread Group in your test plan.

Define the variables for user id and password by clicking on the "Add" button in the User Parameters pre-processor element. For example, you can define the variable names as "username" and "password" and assign them with default values.

Use the defined variables in the HTTP request for login. For example, in the "Username" and "Password" fields of the HTTP request, use ${username} and ${password} respectively.

To update the user id and password for each thread, you can use the __threadNum function in the User Parameters pre-processor element. For example, you can define the default values of the "username" and "password" variables as "user${__threadNum}" and "password${__threadNum}" respectively. This will generate unique usernames and passwords for each thread, based on the thread number.

Here's an example of how to extract user id and password without using a CSV file:

First, add a HTTP Request sampler to the Thread Group in JMeter.

In the HTTP Request sampler, enter the URL of the login page and select the method (e.g. POST).

Add a HTTP Header Manager to the HTTP Request sampler and set the content type to "application/x-www-form-urlencoded".

In the Body Data section of the HTTP Request sampler, enter the following parameters (replace "username" and "password" with your actual parameters):

username: ${__P(username)}

password: ${__P(password)}

Add a Regular Expression Extractor to the HTTP Request sampler.

In the Regular Expression Extractor, set the following values:

Reference Name: userID

Regular Expression:

Template: $1$

Match No.: 1

Add another Regular Expression Extractor to the HTTP Request sampler.

In the Regular Expression Extractor, set the following values:

Reference Name: password

Regular Expression:

Template: $1$

Match No.: 1

Now, you can add a Loop Controller to the Thread Group and set the number of iterations to the desired number of users.

Inside the Loop Controller, add a User Defined Variables configuration element.

In the User Defined Variables, add the following variables (replace "user1" and "pass1" with your actual values):

username_1: user1

password_1: pass1

username_2: user2

password_2: pass2

...and so on for each user.

Finally, go to the HTTP Request sampler and replace the hard-coded values for username and password with the variables you just created, like this:

username: ${_P(username${__jm__Loop Controller__idx})}

password: ${_P(password${__jm__Loop Controller__idx})}

This way, each iteration of the Loop Controller will use a different set of user credentials, without the need for a CSV file.


I can't remove GRUB from windows 8, How to remove it?

Question: I'm kind of newbee in using UBUNTU and a little curious about what does it do, so I used my old HDD to use it as an external storage and install UBUNTU on it. After installing it, using it for a little why lets say for about 3 days I've had some problems and decided to remove it. So I followed the steps that I found on how to remove it I've tried disks app in UBUNTU just to remove the installation but after doing that the GRUB BOOTLOADER won't come off I've tried removing the old HDD in  thought of that it might be the reason. After doing that I still get the same problem, I've also tried refreshing my pc just to test if it will go back as the same as before but still no luck. ( Me and this guy have the same problem different scenario
Also I couldn't find the UBUNTU partition on device manager on windows even though the old HDD is connected.
I really need help guys.
I could provide images as this discussion moves on in order to solve the problem.
Comment: 'Me and this guy have the same problem...' Have you tried **the answer given**
Answer: For the first bit about removing grub..
1: Put you windows installation DVD in your optical drive and boot from it
2: On the installation screen where it asks you to install windows, click on "Repair Your Computer" on the lower left corner of your screen
3: Now go to command prompt(It probably will show a window saying "Trying to repair windows automatically", close it) and type bootrec/fixmbr
4: after it finishes GRUB is gone and you can now boot into windows directly
Unfortunately Windows doesnt recognise Linux type partitions at all. If you want to access it, there are several bits of software that you can try. Have a look at this link
http://www.howtogeek.com/112888/3-ways-to-access-your-linux-partitions-from-windows/
If you just want to delete the UBUNTU partiton carry on with this
5: you have a ubuntu partition left in your computer, that doesn't show in "My Computer", to access that, right click on "My Computer" and Select "Manage" and go to "Disk Management"
6: Select the ubuntu partition and format it to a file system that windows can use.
Enjoy
Comment: Thanks took me a while to respond to this answer! :D Been busy in work.
Answer: first of all burn a windows os in ur USB.
then, install this partition manager
mini tool partition manager
then try to remove the ubuntu partition by selecting the partition and pressing delete and then apply.
secondly u will see ur bootloader gone..
then boot with the windows live USB and select repair windows...
then run command prompt from recovery console
then type these lines

bootrec /fixmbr
bootrec /fixboot

reboot ur system....it should work fine
(let me know the consequences....if it dosen't work i would research further)
Comment: Thanks took me a while to respond to this answer! :D Been busy in work.


Law of conservation of mass

Question: Can $E=mc²$ be treated as violation to law of conservation of mass? I mean should it be more correct to tell" total energy and mass of the universe" is conserved than" total mass of universe is conserved"?
Comment: It is better to think of the $m$ in this equation as an "equivalent mass" rather than an actual mass comparable to other stationary masses. In fact, in scientific literature I almost only see it denoted as $m^*$ in order to highlight the difference.
Comment: @Steven. To my understanding if there is something that can be compared to other stationary masses is right the *m* that appears in this term of the equation. It is indeed the inertia of a body in newtonian sense (let it vary right to reflect the internal energy content). In a strict sense I even think that mass is still conserved with the exception of matter annihilation. Not sure about this last statement tough.
Answer: A remarkable and most popular achievement of SR (special relativity) theory is the equivalence of mass and energy. The famous equation should be read in the rest frame of the particle where m is its rest mass. The rest mass is the particle's internal energy.
The law of conservation of mass was stated in the pre-relativistic physics. With SR it was overridden by the law of conservation of energy.
Answer: The equation simply states that bodies with mass contain energy, even when at rest in free space. Having said this, you could still interpret the equation as the union of two conservation laws, mass conservation and energy conservation, and in this this case you would be saying that the relation between mass and energy requieres that both together must be conserved, rather that each one individually.

Law of conservation of mass


ASUS T300 CHI function keys and scrolling not working

Question: I have the asus t300 chi computer dual booted with 16.04 LTS version. I have installed all the regular updates as they arrive. However the function keys and the touchpad functions such as left and right finger scrolling do not work. The sound functions (f10-f12) are working. Are there any fixes for this issue available yet?
Answer: I believe i wrote this question when using 16.04 and then upgrading to 17.10 which didnt resolve the issue. After much trial and error with suggested fixes, after updating to the newest version 18.04 I think, the touchpad now works pretty much as it does in windows 10.  I still need  to check whether the function keys work as there was a problem with that and also I couldnt boot into safe mode. Thanks to all the coders that helped resolve the problem. woodo


Superelliptical Trig Functions

Question: The six normal trigonometric functions relate to the unit circle and the coordinates of the endpoints of the radii making some angle $\theta$ with the x-axis (sine represents the y-coordinate, cosine the x-coordinate, and tangent the ratio of the two). Does there exist a analogous set of functions for the unit superellipse with equation
$$x^4+y^4=1?$$
I've been struggling to define such functions that are periodic and work for all values of $\theta$, $0$ through $2\pi$.
Answer: $x^2+y^2=1$ can be described as $(\cos{t},\sin{t})$, so $x^{2n}+y^{2n}=1$ can be described as $(\sqrt[n]{\cos{t}},\sqrt[n]{\sin{t}})$ for $0<t<\frac{\pi}{2}$. To generalize this to all $t$, we can multiply by the signum function, which returns $1$ or $-1$ depending on the sign of the input, and we have
$$(signum(\cos{t})\sqrt[n]{|\cos{t}|},signum(\sin{t})\sqrt[n]{|\sin{t}|})$$
Comment: I see that, but how do I make sure that it is defined for all angles from $0$ to $2\pi$?
Comment: Well, you could use a piecewise function if nothing else works.
Comment: That's true, I could define it in that way.
Comment: I came up with a slightly nicer method.
Answer: I would like to expand upon the excellent solution presented by @IsaacBrowne. To that end, I introduce my own generalization of the superellipse, called superconics. The general form is given by
$$f(X) = b(1-c^2|X/a|^q)^p$$
or its canonical form
$$f(x) = (1-c^2|x|^q)^p$$
Here, $a$ and $b$ scale the $x$ and $y$ axes, resp. and $c^2=\pm1$. $c^2=1$ corresponds to elliptic and parabolic types and $c^2=-1$ corresponds to hyperbolic types. (More generally, $c^2$ can vary smoothly between.)
The following integral gives the area under the curve, the centroid, moments, and moments of inertia of all the superconics.
$$\int_{-a}^a X^nf^m(X) dX = a^{n+1}b^m\int_{-1}^1 x^nf^m(x) dx$$
First we notice that $a$ and $b$ are superfluous and that we can concentrate on the canonical equation. The results can be scaled appropriately for any $a$ and $b$ afterward according to the factor $a^{n+1}b^m$. Next, and most important, this equation can be solved exactly in terms of known functions, specifically, the Gauss hypergeometric function and the incomplete beta function
$$
\begin{align}
\int_{-1}^1 x^nf^m(x) dx
& = \frac{2}{n+1} {_2F_1}(-mp,\frac{n+1}{q};1+\frac{n+1}{q};c^2)\\
& = \frac{2}{q} (c^2)^{-\frac{n+1}{q}} B(\frac{n+1}{q},mp+1,c^2)
\end{align}
$$
Further simplifications accrue when $c^2=1$. To wit, for $m=1, n=0$ we get the area
$$\int_{-1}^1 f(x) dx = \Psi(p,q) = 2\frac{\Gamma(p+1)\Gamma(1+1/q)}{\Gamma(1+1/q)}  = \Psi(1/q,1/p)$$
More generally, for arbitrary $m$ and $n$ we substitute $p\to mp$ and $q\to q/(n+1)$. All of the integrals for $c^2=1$ can be expressed solely in terms of the parameter $\Psi$. This is true for bodies of revolution as well as other three-dimensional bodies composed of superconics profiles.
Now, in addition to the above intrinsic equation for the superconics, we can derive the following $parametric$ equation for superconics in the complex plane:
$$z=|\cos^{2/q}(u)|\text{sgn}(\cos(u))+i|(1-c^2\cos(u))^p|\text{sgn}(\sin(u))$$
where $u = [0,\pi]$ for the upper half plane and $u = [0,2\pi]$ for the full plane, e.g., a closed curve.
You can find some illustrations and animations of superconics here Superconics and here A New Twist on Möbius. There is even an animation of a smooth transition from a sphere to a hyperboloid of one and two sheets using only superconics (with variable $c^2$). Here is a small version of that animation. Mind you, we can make similar animations with any superconics shape.

In the spirit of full disclosure, this is essentially the same response as used here: Polar form of generalized superellipse.

Superelliptical Trig Functions


Tables breaking jQuery UI Accordion

Question: Why is that in IE 7/8 HTML tables break the jQuery UI accordion? I'm using a vanilla accordion with a couple of standard properties. It works great in Fire Fox and Chrome. Leaving jQuery's demo content is fine in IE 7/8, but as soon as you attempt to add a table and breaks.
Here is the example.
Answer: Try wrap the
 in a
.
Comment: Thanks for the suggestion. I tried that and it still breaks in IE7/8

Tables breaking jQuery UI Accordion


Is it acceptable to say "fed up OF" - surely it should be "fed up WITH" or "bored WITH something" rather than "bored OF something"?

Question: I hear people using of when I have always thought it was with in the circumstances explained above.  It seems to be getting more common.
Comment: *fed up of* sounds wrong to me.  It's definitely *with* in my book. Perhaps they sound the same in some dialects and that's fine by me as long as I can hear *with* even if they say *of*. Otherwise I'll file away their faux pas in the same place I file *then* for *than* and other trivial errors.  *bored* is different and can take either *with* or *of* as well as *by* and possibly others as well.
Comment: There is nothing grammatically unpleasant about *fed up of* and *bored of* to prevent their becoming common idiomatic phrases, however I don't think I've ever heard the former, and the later only rarely.
Comment: Is this possibly related to the merger of /v/ and /ð/ in some English dialects? Once these are merged, *fed up with* and *fed up of* sound nearly the same (/fɛdupwəv/ and /fɛdupəv/).
Comment: http://www.macmillandictionaryblog.com/bored-of-life
Comment: I started noticing _bored of_ in the 1980's, and at first it struck me as a mistake. However, I soon heard it in quite wide use. The truth is that language changes, and if people start using a new form, then that becomes part of the language
Answer: Oxford Dictionary says:

Do you ever get bored with eating out all the time?
Delegates were bored by the lectures.
He grew bored of his day job.
The first two constructions, bored with and bored by, are the standard
  ones. The third, bored of, is more recent than the other two and it's
  become extremely common. In fact, the Oxford English Corpus contains
  almost twice as many instances of bored of than bored by. It
  represents a perfectly logical development of the language, and was
  probably formed on the pattern of expressions such as tired of or
  weary of. Nevertheless, some people dislike it and it's not fully
  accepted in standard English. It's best to avoid using it in formal
  writing.

So there's nothing wrong or unusual with bored of.
Answer: My personal favorite is "different than."
No, it's fed up with and bored with.
And, of course, have had enough of, tired of.
Comment: Very new to this interesting site so have managed to post question twice.   Thank you for your reply, would like to know why it is so commonly misused.
Comment: @Bopamamie: It is commonly misused because we live in an epoch of aggressive anti-intellectualism, when the illiterates are conditioned to think that pointing things out to them is the same as judging them. Incidentally, if you like the answer, you might as well upvote it. There are two arrows to the left of the answer: the one pointing upward is for upvoting.
Comment: In fairness to the 'illiterates' why are we tired of but bored with?
Comment: @Bopamamie: For the same reason we are delighted by (or with). Language is a synthesis of auditory impressions and visual images: combinations need to sound good and form just the right kind of mental pictures. In music, the combination of the tonic and fifth sounds good, but try the tonic and second, and you'll get a dissonance. Why? That's how God made us.


For what reasons are gravity assists used? What objects can be visited without such measures?

Question: I'm trying to understand if it is only fuel efficiency that makes us use gravity assist, or we don't have enough rocket fuel in an average spacecraft to reach farther ends of solar system. Also, is there some other reason why gravity assists are used?
Comment: Yes, exactly. Put another way, every mission planner has a budget and a desired time scale. Inconvenient and ugly but that's how it is.
Comment: What rocket? A Saturn V? How heavy is the spacecraft? Potentially, you can boost the spacecraft out of the solar system entirely.
Comment: Spacecraft spend virtually the entire duration of the mission simply coasting (unpowered flight).
Answer: New Horizons was launched on a direct escape trajectory, so in theory we can go anywhere in the Solar System, and beyond, without a gravity assist, except for very close to the Sun, which we do not have the fuel to do without such measures (At least, not in a reasonable amount of time.)
Gravity assists just make the process cheaper, and allow for heavier payloads. New Horizons was able to do so because it was very small, to send a larger payload would be difficult. It did a flyby of Jupiter, not because it was required, but because it allowed the spacecraft to get there a bit faster. And quite frankly, there's almost no reason to go to the Outer solar system without doing a flyby of Jupiter first, as the speed improvement is quite large. The main exception would be that it limits when you can launch the mission, but that isn't a huge factor typically.
Comment: As New Horizons is well known to only do flybys of objects in the outer part of the solar system I think that point is clear enough...
Comment: can you kindly through some light on direct escape trajectory or refer me a link...we can reach anywhere in solar system ? or we can reach anywhere with sufficient fuel to do science observations in its orbit ? kindly look into the undermentioned video link   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0iAGrdITIiE                    it mentioned Jupiter in our reach...probably it was 40 years back for Voyager  that's why but now we have technology to ???
Comment: Just because you can launch on an escape trajectory does not mean you can go anywhere in the solar system,  unless by 'go anywhere' you mean a flyby.  Actually getting into orbit around, say Jupiter requires a lot more Delta-V than just escaping the solar system entirely.
Answer: You need to understand that "enough fuel" is an incredibly crucial matter in space travel. Spacecraft are subject to Tyranny of Rocket Equation.
In short, if you want to bring your spacecraft and use fuel, say, somewhere around Mars, you need to bring it there, using more fuel to accelerate it out of Earth's orbit. To have that fuel, in order, you need more fuel in the second stage. And to accelerate the extra fuel in the second stage (plus the fuel in Earth orbit, and fuel around Mars), you need a lot more fuel in the first stage.
How much? On launch, the fuel and launch stages mass to actual scientific payload for distant solar system missions oscillates around 98-99%. Extra kilogram of payload around Pluto can be several tons of fuel on the launchpad.
And that all converts to rocket size - and enormous costs.
Therefore, any techniques that can save mass later in the mission - especially fuel mass - are absolutely essential to the budget.
Gravity assists mean free acceleration. You can save many tons of fuel on launchpad, and just use a rocket that is smaller and cheaper by a couple hundred million dollars.
Any mass can be accelerated, and the higher mass of the body you're making a fly-by against, the more acceleration can be achieved. Keyword: fly-by. You can't just launch from Earth and do a gravity assist while in LEO. But you can depart into "deep space" on an elliptic orbit (using engines and precious fuel) and encounter Earth later, performing a gravity assist.
About anything in Solar System, except for the Moon can be reached with benefit from gravity assists - although to reach nearest planets (Mars, Venus) they are often skipped, because the only thing we can really beneficially perform a gravity assist against, while going there, is the Moon, and it's too light to make any significant difference - launching at the perfect time to take least fuel on a direct transfer will cost less than waiting for the Moon and the target planet to align, then using the gravity assist. Of course, if the Moon happens to be in the right alignment at the right time, the orbital dynamics people happily tackle the opportunity and perform the assist anyway.
Thing is, planets move on their own schedule, and a trajectory that encounters one without spending a lot of fuel takes time. Therefore flights that use gravity assists usually take longer than direct encounters, like Hohmann Transfer. But they are significantly less expensive, and really, the savings go into many, many millions dollars.
Have a look at the trajectory of Rosetta. It performed 4 gravity assists and took 12 years to reach its destination. But it did reach the destination and sent good science. Probably if it just flew there directly, without all these assists, it would have taken some 4 years. But it couldn't, because that would about double the mission costs, and such money just isn't there.
Comment: "because the only thing we can really beneficially perform a gravity assist against, while going there, is the Moon" - um, you're forgetting the much bigger object that the Moon orbits around...


Can you replace upper kitchen cabinets without removing tile/glass backsplash?

Question: Can upper kitchen cabinets be removed and replaced with new ones without damaging a tile or glass backsplash? If not, when the backsplash is removed, can it be done without damaging the granite countertop?
Comment: Even though those tiles probably aren't cheap, they're probably cheaper than the labor required to preserve them.
Answer: Yes, it should be possible to remove the cabinets without damaging the tile.  However, the replacement cabinets will have to be the exact same size, or you'll have some tile work to do (adding or removing tile).
Answer: It appears as though the tile was set around the cabinetry, which is typical. When the cabinets are removed the grout joint between the cabinets and tile will be damaged. Therefore, at a minimum, that joint will need to be reworked.
That said, it would be a daunting challenge to have cabinets made to such close specifications that they fit well against the existing tile. Variation in wall plumb and plane, among other factors, would make that an impractical goal, depending on the complexity of the existing cabinetry.
One approach would be to remove the mosaic tile down to an appropriate uniform level throughout, remove the cabinets, repair and paint the drywall above the remaining tile, install the new cabinetry, and then apply a finishing row of bullnose accent tile above the backsplash.


Drive Mapping Through Group Preferences

Question: My department is currently transitioning our servers to Server 2008R2 and we are looking into using Group Preferences to map network drives.  Our users currently have a personal network drive and at least one group network drive for their department.  Currently, we are using a kix script to map the drives.  I have figured out how to map the group drive based on their security group, but I am having trouble figuring out how to automatically map the personal drive without having to set it up individually for each user.  Currently, in the kix script, it maps the drive based on the user name (each personal drive is named the same as the user id).  Basically, my question is, is there a way to have every user automatically map the drive that is named for them.  Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Answer: You can specify the user's name as an environment variable in the destination path. See this Group Policy Team blog entry for specific details.
Answer: Instead of using Group Policy Preferences to map user drives you can set up a drive per user using Active Directory.  In each user's AD properties click the Profile tab.  Under Home Folder select the Connect radio button and select a drive letter.  For the path you can type \\server\sharename.
What's more is you can specify %USERNAME% in the sharename and it will map to a share named after the user, provided your shares match up to usernames that is.  We were able to do \\servername\%USERNAME%$ for "secret" shares with $ at the end.  This allows you to select multiple users in active directory and edit their properties all at once instead of going through each one individually.
Comment: A small nit to pick: "Secret" shares aren't. Set filesystem permissions and don't worry if users can "see" things they don't have access to. The "$" shares are hidden by the client, not by the server. Anybody w/ a sniffer or the Samba "smbclient" utility can "see" the "hidden" shares.
Comment: True; however, my preference is to do all configuration through GPO if possible.  It gives you one point for configuration and troubleshooting then versus looking into logon scripts, profile settings, etc.
Comment: That makes sense, just giving options.
Comment: This is fine for personal drives but not suitable for group drives which was required by the OP.  Using the profile tab also goes directly against a requirement: "how to automatically map the personal drive without having to set it up individually for each user".  -1, sorry.
Comment: @Evan: I know they aren't secret which is why I put it in quotes.
Good points about missing the requirement by OP.
Answer: Kixtart is the best way I've found to map drives via AD Group Membership within a logon script.

Download Kixtart at http://www.kixtart.org/
Unzip WKIK32.exe and Kix32.exe files within NETLOGON share as well as %systemroot% of the domain controller (C:\Windows)
NOTE: Not 100% sure that both files need to be placed within the share but definitely kix32.exe
Create .kx file containing something like this within the NETLOGON share named map_drives.kx:
IF INGROUP("ADSecurity Group")
$map = "\server-name\path"
use x: $map
ENDIF
Add entry within the LOGON.cmd or LOGON.bat script file within the NETLOGON share to call the previous .kx file.
\server_name\NETLOGON\KIX32.EXE \server_name\NETLOGON\map_drives.kx
or
%0..\Kix32.exe %0..\map_drives.kx (This path more scaleable since you can copy and paste it should your file be named "map_drives.kx)

Still not working? Troubleshooting steps...

Have login to a test account that is a member to the specified security group
Ensure logon script is properly configured with AD profile or via GPO
Map the drive manually to ensure proper rights to path
Ensure the user has rights to the NETLOGON share.

Drive Mapping Through Group Preferences


Thunderstruck and tesla beetles: Are they feasible?

Question: I my game project, "The Von Neumann Project,"   you play as an android attempting to colonize a hostile alien world, and turn it into into a thriving factory planet. One of the many odd and wonderful species of wildlife is the thunderstruck beetle. Well, that's the male at least, the female is called the Tesla beetle. These guys are large, beetle-like creatures adapted to live in the mineral-rich mountains of the planet. Much of the plant life there is rich in copper, and so  thunderstruck beetles have evolved a copper carapace. This is where their name comes in. The males have a tall horn protruding from their head to attract females and build their harem, but they also have another use. During thunderstorms, these protrusions act as lightning rods, causing lightning to strike them far more often. This is where tesla beetles come in; they have a horn structure that causes them to harness the lightning striking a nearby male, and redirect it in the direction they're facing. However, I have a problem. Why would these beetles have these structures in the first place? And, how would they survive the lightning strike? So, here is my question: How can I make these beetles feasible in biology? Feel free to suggest any changes I should make to their design.
Comment: I see two distinct questions. How is it biologically feasible and why they have this behaviour. I have a host of suggestions for the behaviour, like reproduction or essential part of ecology how the lightning is directed. But the biology part is something very different. Could you separate these?
Comment: I think there's a misunderstanding. We request one question per post, not one answer. As you need to select a best answer there's no real way for you to pick one answer over the other if one answers biology and the other behaviour. Could you split these questions by making a new post as well as editing this one? You can have the same introduction, but the main question needs to be one or the other.
Comment: unless the project is named after Lindsay Vonn, you probably mean "von".
Comment: @Trioxidane I have made changes to the question. I hope it helps.
Comment: @ths Ah, I thought there was something off. Thank you.
Comment: @Trioxidane Thank you for informing me. I really need to learn these things...
Comment: @Trioxidane I have now reduced it to just biology.
Answer: The problem with thunderstruck beetles is that they'd have to have a particularly high lightning rod in order to reliably attract a lightning bolt.  In order to attract a lightning bolt, a conductor must project perhaps 20 to 50 meters above the surrounding landscape and its high points.  This would be a rather large beetle, in that case...
The problem with the tesla beetle is that it has no way to attract a lightning bolt conducted through a thunderstruck beetle.  However, if thunderstruck beetles have long, insulating legs, and a tesla beetle has conducting legs, getting close enough to a thunderstruck beetle as it is struck by lightning could cause the charge to discharge through the thunderstruck beetle's carapace, then through the air to the tesla beetle, and from there through its conducting carapace and legs to the ground.
If there was no tesla beetle nearby, a thunderstruck beetle would likely stand with its carapace nearer the ground so that if struck by lightning, the bolt would ground from a projection on the underside of the carapace to the ground rather than through its insulating legs.
Injuries from lightning strikes come from the extreme heat generated as the bolt travels through a high-resistance medium such as flesh, causing severe burns.  Along with the electric charge potentially causing cardiac arrhythmias, this is the chief cause of fatalities.
These beetles, having highly conductive copper carapaces could readily conduct the charge around their more vulnerable organs, and if thick enough, would suffer little heating.
As to why the beetles would do this... perhaps it has something to do with mating.  Perhaps the female is looking for a male big enough to attract lightning, and won't actually get pregnant until struck by a lightning bolt herself, which would increase her temperature enough to trigger the necessary next phase of the breeding cycle.  Sexual selection can cause all sorts of otherwise impractical traits to be selected.
Answer: Lay trails
Your beetles are a little like snails, leaving a trail behind them as they forage.  However, these trails are fine filaments of spun copper, which add up as many beetles forage in the same patterns.  The males leave these trails up and down trees, protecting them from the violent lightning storms that ravage the forests far more severely than Earthly woodlands.
The females have a stranger adaptation.  When the lightning passes down the trail, on which they also lay threads lower in the canopy, it momentarily causes an electrical discharge from the female's horn.  This discharge is a powerful spark of static electricity, which is mixed with highly charged microscopic pollen-like balls, in which the fertilized zygotes of the beetles are encased.  This disseminates the eggs far and wide in the storm winds, and gives them a charge comparable to the ground's "return stroke" of the lightning that pulls them higher upward into the atmosphere.  This means of dispersal has helped to ensure that the beetles always reseed forested plots despite the frequency of fires that cleanse them of herbivorous insects.


Rails 5 helpers to fetch tasks with different filters

Question: I moved a lot of the loading/logic from my view to my controller, and it's working great but after I did this I now have several very similar helper methods in my controller.
What is a more efficient way of doing this? Is there? I assume get_last_task_owed and get_first_task_owed I would be able to do in the view by finding the .first and .last of the record respectively.
  def get_projects_owed
    current_user.projects.where('end_date > ?', Date.today).order(:start_date).pluck(:name, :start_date, :end_date)

  end

  def get_all_projects
    current_user.projects.order(:start_date).pluck(:name, :start_date, :end_date)
  end

  def get_all_tasks
    @project.tasks.order(:product, :task_start_date).pluck(:product, :task_name, :task_start_date, :task_end_date).to_json
  end

  def get_last_task_owed
    tasks = @project.tasks
    tasks.where('task_end_date >= ?', Date.today).order('task_end_date DESC').first.task_end_date.strftime("%B %d, %Y")
  end

  def get_first_task_owed
    tasks = @project.tasks
    tasks.where('task_end_date >= ?', Date.today).order('task_end_date ASC').first.task_end_date.strftime("%B %d, %Y")
  end

  helper_method :get_projects_owed
  helper_method :get_all_projects
  helper_method :get_clients_with_projects
  helper_method :get_all_tasks
  helper_method :get_last_task_owed
  helper_method :get_first_task_owed

Answer: One possible improvement is using scopes:
def get_projects_owed
  current_user.projects.owed.recent_first.pluck(:name, :start_date, :end_date)
end

def get_all_projects
  current_user.projects.recent_first.pluck(:name, :start_date, :end_date)
end

def get_last_task_owed
  get_owed_tasks.last.task_end_date.strftime("%B %d, %Y")
end

def get_first_task_owed
  get_owed_tasks.first.task_end_date.strftime("%B %d, %Y")
end

def get_owed_tasks
  tasks = @project.tasks
  tasks.owed.order('task_end_date DESC')
end

helper_method :get_owed_tasks

class Project
  scope :owed, -> { where('end_date > ?', Date.today) }
  scope :recent_first, -> { order(:start_date) }
end

class Task
  scope :owed, -> { where('task_end_date >= ?', Date.today) }
end


Inline edit of the Title

Question: Does anyone has real example of inline editing of the Title ? Pretty much in my case I have title of the current page and input fields below it etc. But since I have to name the current page that I am editing/creating and input field is not real solution I was thinking making the title with bigger font and to edit is somehow. Anyone has any real world examples ?
Answer: On top of my head: Google Slides/Sheets, Miro
It's a good pattern for cases where you have a read-only AND editable content on the page, or if there's autosave.
However, if this is for explicit edit mode (has SAVE / CANCEL actions) then some might misread it as static text, so perhaps have it as label+input in the body.

Inline edit of the Title


Creating Web Application in SharePoint with multiple Web front ends

Question: How do you go about creating a web application in a Sharepoint server farm that has multiple Web front ends(identical ones for load balancing), especially if you creating it from command line? When you create it on one web server does it get automatically copied to other servers as well? Or do you have to extend the app to other servers?
Answer: As long as you play by SharePoint's rules you don't have to worry about the multiple Web front ends.
SharePoint will automatically make the changes on all of them (including future ones)
BUT if you go and make modifications in IIS manager or the filesystem (could be web.config) then you have to make these modifications to all Web front ends (also the ones you'll add in the future)
So always do all your modifications through Cdentral Admin, STSADM or the object model. And always use wsp packages when adding functionality
Answer: It's quite simple (in theory):

Install SharePoint
Add the server to the farm through Central Admin

This goes into a little more detail.
When you deploy new code/solutions to any one server, it will create a timer job that deploys to all servers in the farm. So, to answer your question, applications are deployed to the farm, not to servers.


Job search advice for possible PhD dropout

Question: I am considering dropping out of my PhD program, which I am halfway through (pre-proposal), and am applying to full-time jobs. My plan is to go on a leave-of-absence for a year, and afterwards either return and finish my PhD, or quit my program permanently. Even if I finish my PhD, I plan to leave academia, most likely for finance. I'm applying primarily to quantitative analyst positions to give myself a better idea of whether I want this as a long-term career. And, if I get a job and still enjoy it after a year, I plan to formalize my PhD dropout status.
I have a solid publication record in a very relevant area, so my research skill is an important part of how I'm selling myself. But I don't know how to discuss my current situation in my cover letters and interviews. The honest answer is a combination of burnout, personal/family circumstances, and cynicism over my research. But is saying this unprofessional? Also, should I leave out all discussion of my situation in my cover letters, and just wait for interviewers bring it up?
Comment: "I want more money" would be an honest and good one.
Comment: @scaaahu Right, so how do I explain my decision?
Comment: _burnout, personal/family circumstances, and cynicism over my research_ None of these would help you to land a job in industry because you could have them when you work on an industry job.
Comment: I am a little troubled by the leave-of-absence idea. Either an industry career or a PhD program is more likely to be successful if pursued with determination and commitment.
Comment: @PatriciaShanahan - Note, OP does not need to tell the potential employers that a leave of absence was requested/granted.
Comment: @aparente001 I know. I am concerned that the OP may end up never really committing to industry or academia, or at least not for many years.
Comment: @PatriciaShanahan In my department, leave has a hard 1-year limit for PhD students. And I'm definitely leaving academia; I'd just consider finishing my PhD if I get the sense that it would significantly limit my career progression in quant finance.
Comment: Could you please specify the country in the title/description/tags?
Answer: Way too many personal details may look unprofessional. You might try something like

I was not satisfied with my progress in academia, and I do not want to lose any
  more time by trying. I believe I can fully utilize my productivity and develop myself better in the industry, by the help of financial means.

This is both honest, motivational, and looks less pretextish.
Not everyone will care about what you lived in your personal life.
Answer: Making the decision to leave academia can be difficult, so congrats on knowing what you want!
I think one of the simplest solutions to explaining your situation to potential employers in industry is that after you worked on your PhD for some time you realized that you rather work in a position in your field that is more hands-on and less research, focused. You also can say that you prefer the culture of working in industry (set hours, solid deadlines, little need for securing grants for research, etc.). This is more professional, but still potentially related to the reasons you would like to leave academia.
One question - if you are sure that you want to leave academia, why consider finishing your PhD? It seems like your time and effort would be best used focusing on your career. Not finishing your PhD is not a failure - you changed your career goals. I have seen a number of colleagues who worked through their PhD only to take jobs outside of academia (where they didn't need the PhD) and they felt like they saved their time and money. Just a thought. Good luck!
Answer: Based on my own experience outside of academia, the problem right now is that all of the reasons you've stated are negative against your current situation; you haven't said anything positive about why you want a job as an analyst (or whatever other job you might seek out), just that you don't want to continue in your current position.
I've found the best results come from flipping around what you don't want, and using it to be clear - both to yourself and to people you want to work with - what you do want, and thus why you are a good fit for the position.
Let's say you have the personal position, "my research is meaningless, it will be of no practical use to anyone ever" (a version of cynicism about your research - adjust to suit your real feelings). You can flip this around to stating a positive: you want to use the skills and knowledge you've gained to be of practical value to business. You thought academia was the way to do that when you were [an undergrad, changing fields, your story goes here], but now that you've begun to explore opportunities in industry, there are ways of contributing that are a better fit for you.
In terms of burnout, I don't know how to package that in a good way, because it is just as big of an occurrence outside academia as within it. Setting limits, building a balanced life, and ensuring regular rest and rejuvenation is not something that is automatic anywhere. Some companies tell a good story about how it is important to them, but for most places its a marketing line. There is always someone willing to take advantage of anyone that doesn't have strong personal boundaries and a willingness to say no. However, there are many businesses where the "norm" is a healthy schedule, so you may prefer that to a place where everyone is stressed to the max all the time. You can tacitly inquire about "work-life balance", or what the "typical work week and schedule is like" in that department.
As scaahu suggested, it is usually OK to just come out and say that you are looking for better pay. You can choose to give a reason, such as wanting to contribute to help family members who are having a rough time (or ill, etc), but everyone knows graduate students have to live pretty thin compared to full-time professional employment in industries like finance or tech, so you usually don't need to. People in such industries are often quite proud of their pay, so they don't really blame people for wanting in; however, this is in no way establishing a very good fit for a position, because of course you want more money.
In summary, you need to come up with a compelling - and short - story to tell about how you are a good fit for the position you are seeking. Then, with a positive way of saying what you want, leaving your current position is just a question of seeking a better fit. Talk about how you are running towards something you want - not running away from something you don't want - and most importantly, how you can be of value in the new position.
For the final question of whether or not to put it in the cover letter, there is no universal answer for this. If you put it in a positive way that talks about how you are interested in moving from your current position into the new position, that's usually OK, as it makes it clear you are planning to side-line or drop the PhD program. Some advocate for just saying only how you are qualified and potentially valuable to the company, and leave all questions about why you want to transition and what you are going to do about your current job/program for the interview. You can do either. If you find it easier to describe - one approximately 1 sentence, maybe 2 at most - a positive way to say how you are planning to leave your current position and dedicate yourself full-time to the job, then go for it. Have others read it and if it comes off in the least bit defensive or negative, cut it and practice your in-person delivery.
Answer: Sample cover letter:

In May I will complete my nth (third, e.g.) year of graduate studies in (name of field or department) at (name of University).  Having (list some specific accomplishments), I feel ready to apply my modeling and computational skills in the real world.  My target job is bla bla.

If you are asked why you're not staying to complete your PhD:

I feel well prepared to work in (name of field).  (You could talk up a project you recently completed at this point, or just leave it as is, short and sweet.)

(The potential employer does not need to know that you did the smart thing and arranged for a leave of absence, so as to avoid burning your bridges with your department.)


How can I detect IPs of visitors in my Google analytics?

Question: Is there any solution to find their IPs? There are some reqular daily bounce visitors on our website that I want to block their IPs but I cannot find them. I have the record of online IPs in panel of Magento but cannot allocate them to my Analytics visitor's behaviors and find bounce IPs.
Comment: Why do you want to block them?
Comment: GA is not the tool for this. Use a log file analyzer. GA can report false spam accesses so you really want to be sure you have an issue. I like piwik though it has recently been renamed. I do not recall the new name. It is free and one of the very best available. Cheers!!
Answer: Google analytics removed IP address several years ago.  there is no way to identify a user by an ID or the IP address.


wordpress front end multi upload that does same as in back end

Question: I have made a custom registration form at front end. I want to show the same uploading functionality as in back end. I am not sure how to add the multiple upload thing at front end.
any help is really appreciated.
Answer: user insert_attachment of wordpress to save attachment, then you will also have the functionality to get the images with different styles, get_attachment(id, 'full/medium/thumbnail').
    $files = $_FILES['upload_attachment'];
    foreach ($_FILES as $file => $array) {
      $newupload = insert_attachment($file,null);
      // save the $newupload with you from data, as psot id for the attachment
     }
     function  insert_attachment($file_handler,$post_id,$setthumb='false') {

        // check to make sure its a successful upload
        if ($_FILES[$file_handler]['error'] !== UPLOAD_ERR_OK) __return_false();

          require_once(ABSPATH . "wp-admin" . '/includes/image.php');
          require_once(ABSPATH . "wp-admin" . '/includes/file.php');
          require_once(ABSPATH . "wp-admin" . '/includes/media.php');
          $attach_id = media_handle_upload( $file_handler, $post_id );

       if ($setthumb) update_post_meta($post_id,'_thumbnail_id',$attach_id);
         return $attach_id;
     }

in html , if you submit the form, images will be uploaded and referances will be saved in wp_post table
  <form action="upload_file.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    Filename:
    <input type="file" name="upload_attachment[]" id="file">

    Filename:
    <input type="file" name="upload_attachment[]" id="file">

    Filename:
    <input type="file" name="upload_attachment[]" id="file">

    <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit">
  </form>

Comment: I am looking for the image upload button so as i can upload images front front end.
Comment: this is complete solution, will provide you the facility to upload multiple image from front end page,
Comment: I want the same popup to open as in back end. i.e at the back end when i click to add media, a pop up bis opened where it says drag files and other various options that are available at the back end . i want that same popup to load front end.
Answer: Upload

<input class="custom_media_url" type="text" name="attachment_url" value="">
<input class="custom_media_id" type="text" name="attachment_id" value="">

jQuery Code :
$('.custom_media_upload').click(function() {

var send_attachment_bkp = wp.media.editor.send.attachment;

wp.media.editor.send.attachment = function(props, attachment) {

    $('.custom_media_image').attr('src', attachment.url);
    $('.custom_media_url').val(attachment.url);
    $('.custom_media_id').val(attachment.id);

    wp.media.editor.send.attachment = send_attachment_bkp;
}

wp.media.editor.open();

return false;
});


Bluetooth weak signal

Question: After the recent repair I've encountered some sort of a problem with my Lumia 1520. Problem is, that Bluetooth/WiFi signal has become much weaker since that repair. Listening to music using Bluetooth headset is available only at distance of 0.5 meters. Putting the phone into the pocket means scrambled signal. Signal starts breaking when I put my fingers on the top right corner of the phone. Three different service centers said, that the antenna itself is intact. Trying to downgrade the phone to WP 8.1 didn't help.
What can cause the low signal?
Thanks.
Comment: Have you tried any other bluetooth headsets? Are you sure it is not a problem with headset?
Answer: Resetting your Device is of utmost importance. If its not downgraded(Due to firmware upgrade) get it Formatted by yourself or from company customer care center. Even if They are able to format your Device and reinstall everything but still issue persists then in that case I would highly recommend to Get your hardware fixed by Customer care.

Bluetooth weak signal


Wifi not works, is switched off?

Question: I'm trying, for 6 months, to resume my old netbook, a Packarbell Dot s2 (i686). I'm trying to install on that Ubuntu, and there is no problem but no wifi is found. In the pc there is this chip:

but I don't find any driver to work with it or, I don't know if it is possible, it can be switched off. I remember that, when on this netbook there was windows, with keyboard combination Fn+F2 I could turn it off/on, and now no wifi led is on. There is some thing that I can do with ubuntu to understand if is recognise and switch it on?
Answer: The "atk5k" driver should work with that card, but it can get crafty.
The card is quite old, so all I could find are docs for ubuntu 9.10, still it is worth a try:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/Driver/Atheros
Comment: The wifi on that card is actually an AR9285 which is supported by ath9k.  Another card is marked AR5B195 and it uses the same wifi along with the AR3012 bluetooth

Wifi not works, is switched off?


How do you test Case feed in the sandbox?

Question: Is there a way of enabling case feed in a full sandbox? The setting does not show in the Customise | Cases | Support Settings
Answer: Usually if a feature is not enabled in a sandbox, this means that the sandbox was refreshed before that feature was available in the corresponding production org.  WRT case feed, that would imply your sandbox pre-dates winter 14 (as far as I recall).
You can try asking Salesforce support to activate the feature in your sandbox - I've had mixed success with this, as most of the time they won't do it and tell me to refresh my sandbox instead.  Its worth a try though.
Answer: If "Case Feed Enabled" is not available on support settings then can you try going to Customize==> Chatter ==> Feed Tracking and enable the feed tracking for Case (also select the fields you want to track).


Is it possible to acquire the accent of a foreign language at home?(So i mean by not living in the specific country where the language is spoken)

Question: I'm a European non-native english speaker with a fairly high level of fluency(my vocabulary is pretty close to the vocab of a native speaker). Since I've been learning English, my goal has always been to reach native level in it, so that also implies sounding like one. My question is that "Is it possible to acquire a native like accent by not living in the specific country? If so, what's the way to do it? I've heard about bunch of bullsh*t such as people gaining a native like accent by watching television, but I don't believe in these kind of things. Actually, my accent doesn't have influences from my native tongue, because I've eliminated it to the point that people from my country, who speak english can't hear that I'm a non-native english speaker! However, the problem is that I don't have a straight British or American accent. It's like a mixture of the two(Once an American person told me that if I wouldn't have told her my origins, she would think I'm British). So, I would like to have either a straight British or a straight American accent. How am I supposed to do that? I can read phonetics pretty well and I understand linguistics. Should I learn the phonology of one of the dialects? I've also used the application called "Elsa Speak", and it did help, but it didn't give me a straight American accent.
Comment: I'm voting to close this question as off-topic because it belongs on ELL or Language Learning, as it is not about linguistics, but migrating there doesn't seem possible (for me).
Answer: I'm answering this question with full disclosure that my only expertise on this topic is my own effort to acquire a native Lithuanian accent.  I'm Lithuanian American and the American accent in my spoken Lithuanian actually hurts my ears. I feel sorry for any native speaker unlucky enough to have to endure it.  My strategy is to use highly focused active listening whenever I hear Lithuanian spoken, primarily through online TV and radio.  I'm developing a real appreciation for the beauty of the language, and I think it's making a real difference in my own speech.  I've very much bought into the neuroplasticity thing, and am convinced that active listening optimally engages both auditory and speech centers in the brain. In any case, I don't think there's a better way to master an accent than to really listen to/hear it and leave the heavy lifting to the superintelligent wetware we all have between the ears.


OpenVPN tls-verify with batch script

Question: I want to execute a batch script to verify if the common name of the user is present in some TXT file, if yes, authorize the connection, otherwise deny.
My server.ovpn is:
local IPADDRESS
mode server
port 1194
dev tun
dev-node VPNInterface
server 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
push "redirect-gateway def1"
push "dhcp-option DNS 18.104.22.168"
comp-lzo
tls-server
tls-auth keys/shared.key 0
ca keys/ca.crt
cert keys/server.crt
key keys/server.key
dh keys/dh1024.pem
keepalive 10 60
tls-verify "C:\verify.bat"

And my verify.bat script is:
@echo off
echo "%1 %2" > C:\log.txt
setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion
for /f "tokens=*" %%a in (C:\CN_List.txt) do (
  set tst=%%a
  set tst=!tst:%2=!
  if not !tst!==%%a (
    exit /b 0
  ) else (
    exit /b 1
  )
)

I did that echo in log.txt to see if I get the certificate depth and the X509 common name inside the file, but doesn't appear nothing. And in the OpenVPN I get the following error:
Thu Sep 25 11:26:15 2014 188.8.131.52:54063 WARNING: Failed running command (--tls-verify script): returned error code 1
Thu Sep 25 11:26:15 2014 220.127.116.11:54063 TLS_ERROR: BIO read еls_read_plain text error: error:140890B2:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE:no certificate returned
Thu Sep 25 11:26:15 2014 126.96.36.199:54063 TLS Error: > TLS object -> incoming plaintext read error
Thu Sep 25 11:26:15 2014 220.127.116.11:54063 TLS Error: TLS handshake failed

As you can see in the first line, looks like there's some error on the tls-verify script. I'm using exit /b 0 when found the second parameter (user CN). Someone has any clue how to do this script gets executed properly?
Answer: I need to add:

script-security 2

in my server.ovpn file.

OpenVPN tls-verify with batch script


Are MSDN licenses transferrable? How about if they have expired?

Question: I have a coworker who will likely be leaving the company soon. An msdn subscription (Premium I believe) was purchased for him - but I believe it was more than 1 year ago. Is this license transferrable to me when he leaves the company?
Answer: It should be transferable to another person:

When a team member leaves the team,
  the MSDN subscription is reclaimed and
  can be assigned to someone else (with
  the caveat that MSDN subscription
  licenses can only be reassigned at
  most once every 90 days in Microsoft
  Volume Licensing programs).

If you didn't use volume licensing and bought him an individual subscription, it can likely still be transferred to a new person, although depending on how it was obtained there may be exceptions.
Typically, software accessed through an MSDN subscription comes with perpetual use rights, which means that you're allowed to use it after the subscription expires although you will no longer have access to the keys and downloads after the expiration date. These rights are transferred along to the new person who will be using the subscription:

If an MSDN subscription is transferred or sold, any perpetual use rights are transferred to the new party and the seller can no longer use the software.

There are some exceptions to the above, such as with software obtained through the Microsoft Partner Network and these terms may change over time. I also may not have covered your specific situation since you didn't mention what kind of subscription was purchased or how it was done, so be sure to read up on the current licensing terms over at MSDN Licensing. The quotes above are from the Visual Studio 2010 and MSDN Licensing White Paper.
For instructions on how to do the license transfer and to get a definitive answer on any licensing questions, contact Microsoft's MSDN support.
Comment: @jwenting Yes, it can. There's a formal process for it, but those licenses can certainly be transferred. (Except when obtained through an educational discount or programs like BizSpark.) The key difference between that and piracy is that the person who used to own the license is not allowed to use it anymore. If they use their license after the transfer, they will be using unlicensed software as you say. See the quote above in my post: MSDN subscription can be transferred or sold.
Comment: Thank you, that seems to be pretty thorough. I'll leave the question up for a bit in case anybody has anything else to add.
Comment: individual subscriptions are linked to a specific person within the legal entity AFAIK, not to the legal entity. It's that way with many other products (not just Microsoft products). That's why companies usually pay more for corporate licenses, even if they're only for a single person, unless the purchase is for a very limited scope.
Comment: @jwenting Right. In that case, the individual license can still be transferred to another person, although depending on the ethics of the current "owner" it may be a bit of a challenge.
Comment: if the individual license is listed by name, it cannot (at least not within the confines of the license, letting someone else use it would be equal to piracy, using an unlicensed product as the product would be used in violation of its license).


Structural boards in attic?

Question: I want remove the header to install floor to ceiling closet doors for our master bedroom. In the attic above the header three boards sit and run to the roof (see picture). Are these boards structural?
Comment: Hello, and welcome to Home Improvement. They look important to me, but it's hard to tell from here. And, you should probably [take our tour](//diy.stackexchange.com/tour) so you'll know how best to participate here.
Answer: Yes they appear to be. The two on the right looks like they are holding a 2X to the underside of the roof rafters. I was brought up in the trade calling this a "strongback". The closest one has a notch around the strongback which strongly suggests a structural connection. The picture does not show clearly the far side to tell if it is notched as well.

Structural boards in attic?


Why is no juice left after cooking lamb or beef joint in a pan?

Question: When I have cooked a leg of lamb or a beef joint I end up with no juice in the pan. I end up using a stock cube. What am I doing wrong? I put salt pepper and oil on it before searing in a frying pan then put it in the oven.
Comment: Doesn't seem like you are doing anything wrong.
Comment: What would you expect to happen?
Comment: to get an answer that matches your circumstances you may have to expound a bit on what you mean by 'cooked', such as for how long, at what temp or temps, kind of pot or pan, lid on or off, or anything else that has the potential to play a role in outcome.
Answer: The way you describe it, you seem to be doing it quite right.
So, let's have a look at where juces in a pan come from and where they might go:

Any juice in the pan comes either from the meat or from added liquids (like wine).
You actually don't want your meat to loose it's water - that's what we call dry meat ;-) A small amount is fine, if you lose nothing, you a) obviously used good quality and b) did everything right with the searing.
If your meat exudes liquid during roasting but afterwards nothing is left, it has evaporated. That ist especially likely when using a convection oven.

If you want gravy you could either

Add some liquid like broth, wine, port or even water (whatever goes with your type of meat and your personal preferences), spices (peppercorns, clove, bay leaf, allspice...) and a mirepoix when roasting your meat. Place the seared meat either in the liquid or on a rack above it to catch any drippings (which might not be much). Scraps from your meat / bones could go in, too.
Make it separately (even beforehand!) from bones and veggies.


PDF to word conversion software?

Question: Is there any free software available on Ubuntu that can convert a pdf file to a .doc file?
Comment: I think the current accepted answer is not the right one because it does not work. Abiword works!
Answer: Download Abiword from Ubuntu Software Center or you can install it by typing following command in terminal:
sudo apt-get install abiword

Then perform the conversion:
abiword --to=doc example.pdf

Comment: I up voted this solution, but I must inform people that as of 2018-10-25, the output is far from being perfect.  The formatting is not respected at all.
Comment: It's not Ubuntu software, but this works: https://www.adobe.com/acrobat/online/pdf-to-word.html
Answer: openoffice (or alternatively the libreoffice fork) both have pdf import plugins and .doc export functionality... though both aspects suffer from conversion issues AFAIK.
By this I mean that the conversion fidelity isn't always 100%.
Abiword also works in a similar way, if OpenOffice doesn't work on your system.
Comment: `libreoffice --invisible --convert-to docx:"MS Word 2007 XML" file.pdf` When I convert pdf to docx/doc it says "convert /home/file.pdf -> /home/file.docx using filter : MS Word 2007 XML,
Error: Please verify input parameters... (SfxBaseModel::impl_store  failed: 0xc10)"
Comment: @mohit Your proposal does not work in Debian 8.5.
Answer: I've had great success with PDF to Word online. This is not a desktop application, but a service, that works better than other things I've used.
Comment: Please also make sure to check out the [privacy policy of this service](http://www.pdftoword.com/privacy.aspx) before uploading any personal documents.
Comment: I tried it on 2018-10-25. The formatting is not perfect; bullets were lost, indentation was wrong (probably because of the bullets gone). Still, worth a try. Maybe with a simpler PDF file, it would come out better.

However, I found this online service that did a very good job with very few formatting errors:  https://pdf2docx.com/
Comment: thank you :) ive come across this before.but i was looking for a desktop software.this is not very accurate.
Comment: @neo did you happen to find a more accurate service/tool?
Comment: I just downloaded the AbiWord for my windows machine. It is similar to MSWord. Now can anyone please tell me how can I convert PDF to DOC using this?
Answer: Install AbiWord from Ubuntu Software Center
Open Pdf Files with it.
Use Save As.. to save pdf in Word Doc format.
Its this easy :)
Comment: Abiword terminal tool is also great http://askubuntu.com/a/278759/25388
Answer: I prefer converting PDF files first to HTML using pdftohtml included in the poppler-utils package, for example by means of a file manager context menu script merely consisting of this command:
pdftohtml -noframes -q -p -c "$1" "${1%\.pdf}-img.html"

Then I open the resulting HTML file in LibreOffice Writer, and (after a little editing) Save As any other document format I like.
Note: Adding -i parameter to the command above produces HTML file without images.
Comment: @HomunculusReticulli Please try it with several different PDF files before  passing such a verdict ;-) Probably the PDF file you tried doesn't actually include any text other than images, in which case only some OCR recognition software would be helpful.
Comment: It worked for me. Abiword returned me a failed doc. Convert it to html and then to word will work on any case. If pdf is an image, of course only an OCR is required :/

PDF to word conversion software?