Should I be using advanced techniques most of the time at my new job just because I can?

Question: Simply put I'm new to the company, should I rather write advanced techniques with things like templates, std techniques..etc to make a first good impression and have my colleagues trust/be impressed at my work or should I be more concerned in writing more solid/based standard code for each current problem to be solved?
Comment: Career advice and/or workplace relations are off-topic here. We focus on conceptual questions about software design. But the answer most people will tell you is that you should never write code solely designed to impress; always write *readable, maintainable code*, and ideally impress them with how readable and maintainable it is. Like any other feature, use templates and std:: stuff if and only if they benefit the code
Comment: _"Everyone knows that debugging is twice as hard as writing a program in the first place. So if you're as clever as you can be when you write it, how will you ever debug it?"_ - Brian Kernighan, "The Elements of Programming Style", 2nd edition, chapter 2
Answer: Absolutely not.
If you joined my team and spent your whole time using more advanced techniques than were necessary for the task at hand, I would certainly be less than impressed. You'd be making it more difficult to read, understand and maintain the code … not only for your teammates, but also for yourself. And for what reason? Showing off? Not cool.
Though at least you'd be making it easy for me to find content for your first performance review!
The way to impress me is to use the right tool for the job. If a problem comes up which is best solved with an "advanced technique", and you are capable of delivering such a solution in such a way that code stability and maintainability is not compromised, then I'd be impressed.
To be clear, though, the use of templates and standard library facilities is hardly "advanced". I require anyone joining my C++ team to be familiar with these as a matter of course.
Comment: This, this is the answer. I love the subtle way this says "I'd fire you for using things that in your opinion 'look cool' without a reason"
Comment: Makes a lot of sense. yeah not just simple template stuff you know, that's just a hint of where I'm trying to get
Comment: @user3834459 I would hope that your first reaction would be to just tell the developer to cut out the fancy crap instead of firing him over an easily correctable quirk! This is a common misconception for new programmers that's easily resolved by simply explaining the importance of maintainability and simplicity in a real-world environment.
Comment: @ViniyoShouta: I figured as much; it's why I kept that particular observation to a footnote. Worth saying so as not to mislead other readers, but not tainting the core of my answer.
Answer: As a disclaimer, I'm interpreting "advanced" here as not like a basic class template for a data structure or a function template for a generic algorithm which inputs iterators. This hardly seems like showboating territory unless it's among a team of people who don't know how to use C++. I'm assuming things like, say, policy class templates that allow infinite combinations in policies when only one combination is actually useful: exotic solutions far beyond the norm... maybe even more advanced than policy classes: things without a name yet that people have never seen before, tricks using the language that have never yet been applied in production code.
Noooooooooooo!
The hallmark of an experienced developer is not one who applies recursive metatemplates to create something resembling a basic DSEL to solve a routine task. That's programming masturbation -- it's best saved for scrap projects on the side to better understand how the language works or when writing a book on how to explore the deepest boundaries of a programming language.
It doesn't even come from an elaborate mechanism to replace 3 lines of straightforward boilerplate in 50 source files with 1 line of code. If anything, experience will have you initially excited with such solutions only to, over the years, come back to the straightforward solution when realizing that maintainability was actually degraded instead of improved by getting so fancy.
One of the key hidden metrics of maintainability that isn't discussed so often is "familiarity". Exotic code is unfamiliar code, and likely to be unfamiliar even to yourself after some time has passed upon revisiting it. This is why idiomatic code is so valuable -- it improves maintainability by improving familiarity. We're saturated by idiomatic code, and so it tends to remain ever familiar. "Exotic" is the polar opposite, and it's usually coupled by a desire to reshape the programming language being used rather than to embrace its strengths and accept its weaknesses.
Templates can be wonderful and straightforward ways of achieving compile-time abstractions at no runtime penalty, and sometimes are even properly used in a recursive or DSEL-like context for something the language would otherwise be incredibly inept to handle. I'm assuming that, when you say "advanced", it's to use templates in a very unusual way. But embraced too quickly, they can quickly end up counteracting the goals they were intended to serve: they can turn into the elaborate macro.
If you want to impress people, use the simplest, most idiomatic, straightforward solution you can get away with -- the less exotic the better. Sometimes there will be sections in a codebase that have an unusually complex demand where we have to break away from the norm. Yet the key here is to do this sparingly, reluctantly, to not apply complex solutions for simple tasks. The genius-level solution is to find a simple, symmetrical solution to a seemingly very complex task -- this is often very difficult, but it's not so hard to avoid applying complex solutions for simple tasks.
While this is C instead of C++, check out the Linux kernel. It's written in the most astoundingly straightforward way given the combination of complexity and the critical nature of what it's doing, yet it's organized logically and better than some basic codebases that are doing far simpler things. Take these kinds of sources of simplicity and straightforwardness as inspiration, and as a way to impress your colleagues.
It's great to understand really advanced techniques like the intricacies of SFINAE, but save such advanced knowledge for the most advanced problems where the advanced solutions end up being the most elegant and straightforward solutions.
Comment: I should really take a look at the linux kernel.. :P
Comment: @user3834459 Available here! https://github.com/torvalds/linux. I don't understand half of it -- don't get me wrong. But I tend to sift through it from time to time for the parts I do understand. It always impresses me how uniformly designed and organized it is. There's no clumsy helper functions, little to no use of exotic language features -- just a very symmetrical codebase, and headers denoting clear interfaces (at least for relatively speaking for the very low-level nature of what things are doing). It's a reminder to me of simplicity -- since I used to be those types...
Comment: @user3834459 ... getting all excited about the most exotic and advanced language features (expression templates, policy classes, etc, though I didn't do it for showboating but just with poor prioritization), only to find myself back again at favoring plainness, idiomatic code -- the aesthetics of the language we use.
Answer: Sometimes the environment is conservative or just not open to do things any other way then what people are used to and thus comfortable with. Then you will meet opposition whenever you go off the path your co-workers know and they will throw bogus reasoning at you for not using a particular technique rather than trying to catch up and learn something new. There is no standard way to deal with that. Sometimes it is better to just do it and let the results speak for themselves, other times it is better to not stir the pot too much and let everyone get used to the new guy first, to gain some credit, acceptance and willingness. It is more of a social challenge than a technical one.
Comment: I don't agree.  If it's a people problem, it is in the sense that people who program often fail to arrive at the most straightforward solution, choosing instead solutions that are either popular, exotic or both, when they should be choosing instead the solution that makes the most sense from a practical perspective.
Comment: Interesting. You do not agree and then you almost repeat what I have said, using different words. The trouble is that "practical" and "making sense" to some people just means "what I know". Sometimes that may even be a valid argument but in the long run it often means falling behind and growing less effective. In order to be able to choose that most straightforward solution, you will need a skill set to choose from. Not just one skill. This can be a problem either way: folks just knowing old technology, clinging to it, or folks just knowing some arbitrary modern technology. I have seen both.
Comment:  Just to let you all know how polarizing a topic this is: I am getting multiple upvotes and downvotes for this contribution. Apparently people can identify with one of the two camps. It is a common phenomena in our industry: a new guy who is being a "smart ass", stepping on some toes, shaking things up... A co-worker once said "a company is like a container with mice. Drop in a new one and it will cause a big stir. Until they all stink the same again, then peace returns."
Comment: It is of course possible that in some organizations, some co-workers will behave in a defensive manner to prevent either new employees or new techniques from gaining a foothold, but this didn't answer the OP's question, and I don't think letting someone make sub-optimal changes simply because they're new and in "breaking-in" period is warranted.
Answer: It's easy to say, "No. Don't do that," or "just write maintainable code." It's easy to assume that any programmer in their right mind will gravitate toward the same obvious, simple, beautiful solution. But I'm here to tell you that's nonsense. The complexity (if we can call it that) of any project is determined by some hard-to-define dynamic including institutional culture, programming language culture, individual tastes, community tastes, and the changes in all of those things over time. Put simply, what's obvious today wasn't obvious yesterday and won't be obvious tomorrow. To me, that means the obvious way of doing things isn't.
In way of illustration, take a practice like DI. When I first started working on big projects, DI didn't exist. Then suddenly it was everywhere. I was confused. Why add a layer of indirection to straight-forward code? Where before it was easy to follow dependencies from implementation to implementation to implementation, now I had to navigate to an interface and figure out which concrete implementation I was dealing with. It wasn't obvious. But... it had its benefits. It made testing easier and, with a little luck, created a shift in thinking that made testing a primary concern. So, I like DI. But to say it's obvious and simple is a half-truth. It's obvious and simple given certain goals (testability, programming to an interface) but it's not obvious and simple to a new programmer.
As a less enterprise-y example, look at the Lua source code versus Linux kernel code. Both projects are very concerned with simplicity and performance and yet both projects look very, very different. How can that be if all good programmers arrive at the same simple solution? (I assure you that both projects enjoy the efforts of excellent programmers. Personally, I find the Lua source inspiring and delightful.)
What this means for you is that it's impossible for us to say if you should or shouldn't use "advanced" techniques. It really depends on your team and on your project. What's advanced for one team isn't for another. Pay close attention during code review. (You have code reviews, right?) If a team member or two comments that your code is a little complicated, process their feedback and try to make your code "locally idiomatic". If you're doing it right, it should be hard to tell who wrote which code in a project. Blend in. If that doesn't feel right, (it happens) maybe the project or team isn't for you.
Comment: I like it how you say programmer groups have their own defined idea of a language culture.


I would like to create a script for collecting multiple subscription requests and generating an e-mail notification

Question: We have an existing website that is built on DNN.  I would like to add a script to an existing page that collects a user's request for to subscribe to various e-mails we publish and then to  generate an e-mail that idenfies those requested newsletter subscription titles. Any ideas?
Answer: Data springs has some good subscription tools available, check out their suite of modules.
Answer: If you want to just collect names and email addresses with a request, the DNN Form and List module will work just fine.
If you just want a "subscribe to our newsletter" type of link on your page, you could couple that with a modal popup that shows the form when the link is clicked(Here is an excellent tutorial:  http://www.dnncreative.com/Tutorials/DNNTutorialsforAdministrators/EasilycreatePopupsusingdnnModalshow/tabid/679/Default.aspx that will show you how to do it.)


meteor - phonegap facebook oauth

Question: so i have a meteor app, and i'm using facebook login (and google etc) for user authentication.
and i'm using MeteorRider which is basically "hijacking" the DOM from my meteor app, this way i get also a phonegap app.
So when using web and clicking on the facebook login, its working great.
but when using the phonegap app, its not working. its making an ouath call (opening a browser and do all the process but does not automatically close the browser and bring up my app) but then redirect to my app in the browser.
i'm still trying to figure how the two works with each other.
do i need to do this authentication using phonegap api or should i handle it using meteor api?
Answer: I use this for any oauth requirements in phonegap. https://github.com/oauth-io/oauth-phonegap
It handles closing of the browser etc.
Answer: I just released a package to fix this. It uses the InAppBrowser plugin to load the popup, listens for the auth token, closes the popup and logs in/creates account.
https://atmosphere.meteor.com/package/phonegap-oauth

meteor - phonegap facebook oauth


Virtual Instruments in film music composition

Question: Are the use of virtual instruments in film music composition having a positive negative or both on the overall quality of film music?
Comment: I'm voting to close this question as off-topic because it's soliciting an answer which will only ever be vague and opinionated.
Answer: Pros: Have access to instrumentation you otherwise wouldn't, or couldn't play if you did.
Cons: Reduces the human feel by reducing human error.  Some composers feel like using the same sounds as someone else is a bad thing.
I think you're asking something as general as "Is using a screwdriver to build this a bad thing?"... VSTis are a tool, nothing else -- you either do well with them or you don't.  There are techniques to correct common "problems," and there is almost always something to use.
In any case, this is a sound design forum, not a composition forum, so we're all a bit biased when it comes to using something canned or recording our own stuff.
Comment: @Dave "Some composers feel like using the same sounds as someone else is a bad thing" - In terms of Hollywood, don't you think that most composers are churning out factory-like soundtracks anyway? I think that Hollywood film scores are way too cliche and always follow the rules for each genre. What do u think?
Comment: @Colin -- I think it's a fear of directors to have something that's not already tried and true.  They want Elfman, Zimmer, Williams, or Horner, and they can't afford it, so they ask their composers to get that for them.  I know I've been asked that, and I'm sure anyone else who's composed has been asked that as well.

During 48-hour film festival, I was talking with one of the other composers and he seemed really upset that he used the same Project Sam trumpets that another composer did, and I've come to notice that feelings like that are rampant in composer forums.


MATLAB - finding the index of a string in a vector

Question: I am trying to print out a very simple table (using fprintf) showing statistics on a set of data I've acquired.
I'm new to Matlab, but - me being used to Java - I think this should work...
Labels = ['Max','Min','Mean','Median','Std. Dev.','Tol. Range'];
for i = 1:6
    fprintf('| %c | %4.3f | %4.3f |\n', Labels(i), unmodVals(i), modVals(i));
end

But it doesn't work. :(
For some reason, array indexing for strings doesn't work the same way as it does in Java so i'm completely lost.
it ends up printing out something like:
| M |    ####    |    ####    |
| a |    ####    |    ####    |
| x |    ####    |    ####    |
| M |    ####    |    ####    |
| i |    ####    |    ####    |
| n |    ####    |    ####    |

Can someone point me in the right direction?
Answer: Character arrays work a little differently in MATLAB. Labels is not a 1x6 array of strings like you're expecting it to be; the line you have is equivalent to
Labels = strcat('Max','Min','Mean','Median','Std. Dev.','Tol. Range');

So it's a 1x35 array of characters, and you're indexing into it one character at a time. Change Labels to a cell array of strings as below. You must index into it using braces { } instead of parentheses ( ), and change the corresponding fprintf format specifier to %s (%c is for printing characters)
Labels = {'Max','Min','Mean','Median','Std. Dev.','Tol. Range'};

for i = 1:6
    fprintf('| %s | %4.3f | %4.3f |\n', Labels{i}, unmodVals(i), modVals(i));
end

Answer: You are storing strings in an array called Labels. In MATLAB, when you write ['a', 'bc'], it concatenates two strings and produces abc. Therefore, you should use cell arrays to store strings of different sizes.
Labels = {'Max','Min','Mean','Median','Std. Dev.','Tol. Range'}; %notice the curly braces.

%generating random values of `unmodVals` and `modVals`
unmodVals=randi(1000,[1 6]);
modVals=randi(1000,[1 6]);
for i = 1:6
    fprintf('| %s | %4.3f | %4.3f |\n', Labels{i}, unmodVals(i), modVals(i)); %notice change    from `%c` to `%s`, c stands for charater, s for string.
end

Note: If you see how your Label variable looks, you will see this:
Labels = MaxMinMeanMedianStd. Dev.Tol. Range


why is exchange force inversely proportional to square of distance?

Question: Gravitational force is inversely proportional to the square of distance. Coulomb's force is inversely proportional to the square of distance. By biot savart law, magnetic field is inversely proportional to the square of distance. It can be explained by using field lines that these quantities are inversely proportional to the area (circle which is $\frac{1}{4}\pi \times$ diameter$^2$) produced by the two charges . But in reality they extend in three dimensions then it should be inversely proportional to cube of distance. It can also be explained using different data collected from experiments where all other quantities except distance is kept constant. What is the theoretical explaination for them to be inversely proportional to the square of distance ?
Comment: Possible duplicate of [Why are so many forces explainable using inverse squares when space is three dimensional?](http://physics.stackexchange.com/q/47084/)
Comment: Thanks John Rennie for the link. It was answered before.
Answer: Your expectation of a cubic relationship between force and distance using the field lines model is based on the error of using the volume of a sphere rather than the surface of a sphere.  The force is proportional to the flux, or field lines per unit area.  That brings us back to r squared.
Comment: For this an imaginary surface is to be imagined at some point on the line connecting the point charge or the centre of charged body . But r can be used to determine the distance between that surface and any one off the charge. So it will be proportional to square but not to square of r


Logistic Regression: What is the value for precision when recall (true positive rate) is 0?

Question: A quick overview of definitions before I get into the question:

True Positive (TP): An actual positive that the model classified as positive

False Positive (FP): An actual negative that the model classified as positive

False Negative (FN): An actual positive that the model classified as negative

Recall (True Positive Rate, TPR): $\frac{TP}{TP + FN}$

Precision: $\frac{TP}{TP + FP}$

Logistic Threshold: A probability above which a sample is classified as positive and below which is classified as negative. It is the grey line in the figure:

Confusion Matrix: Summary of classification results

Steps to generating Precision-Recall curve: 1.) Choose a threshold. 2.) Generate confusion matrix. 3.) Calculate the TPR and Precision from confusion matrix and plot the point

Example of Precision-Recall curve:

We can see from this example that the precision is 1 when the recall is 0. I find this confusing...

My question:
Let's say we choose a threshold of 1. Thus, all the samples will be classified as negatives. Thus there will be no true positives, no false positives, and likely a bunch of false negatives.
The calculated recall (TPR) would be: $\frac{0}{0 + FN} = 0$
The calculated precision would be: $\frac{0}{0 + 0} = \frac{0}{0}$
So how come the precision-recall curves I see have precision = 1 when recall (TPR) = 0?
Answer: You can't divide by zero, so precision is undefined. It's a pathological case, so it doesn't return meaningful results.
Comment: The logistic regression model is a probability model.  What you are doing is inappropriate for this model.


Open source Rails gem for the OpenStack API?

Question: What is the leading open source Rails gem for developing against the OpenStack API?
Answer: I would suggest you to look on The Ruby Toolbox for this kind of question. Here the result for Openstack search on their website.
Answer: You might want to have a look at Fog (https://github.com/fog/fog). Fog provides an abstraction for a bunch of cloud providers, including OpenStack. The documentation is a bit sparse though...
Answer: Take a look to the OpenStack ActiveResource gem.
It's an OpenStack Ruby (and RoR) bindings implemented on top of ActiveResource that supports
Keystone (admin and public), Nova and Glance.
Answer: I know this is an old thread but there's Aviator which puppet-openstacklib started using recently.


How can I use weight paint values to change the scale in geometry nodes?

Question: I am creating a scene in blender and want my grass to grow shorter near the path and the lake by taking data from weight paint, it was simple to achieve using the particle system, but I have no idea how to do it in geometry nodes.
Answer: Solution for Version 2.93 :
You can use an Attribute Math (or Attribute Vector Math if you want non homogeneous scale) node to control the point scale with your vertex group weights.
Input weights :

The node tree :

Basically :
Distribute points, scale relative to the VG weights, instance your objects, join geometry, output geometry.
Result :

If you want to control the scaling factor, use an Attribute Mix to mix between a base scale and your VG weights:

Note that a float $value$ is automatically converted to a $(value, value, value)$ vector when plugged into a Vector input.
Result :

You can also change the interpolation by using an Attribute Map Range node.
Comment: Note: This solution seem to be out of date and can't be reproduced in Blender 3 anymore.
Comment: @ChristophWerner You're right ! Seems more straightforward now. :)
Answer: Here's the basic solution how to use it in Blender 3.
You can use vector math nodes and/or the distribution node to get more control and expand this method for your needs.
Comment: In Blender 3.2 there is now finally the node `Named Attribute`, so this answer could use an update ;-)


Open synced tabs automatically in Firefox

Question: I'm running Firefox 15 on two Firefox synced Windows computers. Is there a way to have the synced tabs open automatically? The only way to access the tabs from the other computer is to manually open them from the history menu (something I forget to do all the time). I have heard about xmarks, but recent reviews mention a hanging issue.
Comment: You can type `about:sync-tabs` in awesomebar/address bar of FF and here you go, but its manual. :P
Answer: The best option for your case would be to use Xmarks.

Well, Xmarks tries to reduce this headache and keeps your bookmarks
  online and can sync your bookmarks whereever you are, as it is an
  online bookmark tool. No need of exporting and importing bookmarks.
  All you have to do is install Xmarks and sync your profile. This works
  for Internet Explorer, Firefox, Safari and Chrome.

Navigate to link and install the addon Xmarks-sync on Firefox.
Enable Open Tab
Manage your Open Tab settings:

Open Xmarks settings(Firefox > Tools > Xmarks > Xmarks Settings or press Ctrl + Shift + O).
Now Under Xmarks Settings Dialogue box click on Sync Tab and check Open Tabs:

Enter a name for your computer into the text field:

Click OK to save your settings and exit.

How to Sync Open Tabs
On Remote Computer access: Firefox > Tools > Xmarks > Open Remote Tabs or press Ctrl + Shift + Y.
Comment: This is a good solution, but one would think that with the built-in Sync that there might be a way for Firefox to do it without the added weight of an add-in.
Answer: One workaround, which isn't automatic but at least reminds you to open the tabs of the other device is this:
In Preferences, General, set the Behaviour to "Show my home page" and the Home Page to about:sync-tabs, like this:

Now, when you start Firefox, it'll present you with a list of tabs from the other device(s), you can select all of them and right-click "Open selected Tabs" (maybe click "Refresh" beforehand).


On MacOS, how do I figure out which network interface my VPN is using?

Question: I use surfshark vpn and I'd like to figure out which network interface it is using when I connect to it. On Windows, this is simple. I just type ipconfig and can easily locate it. On MacOS, I type ifconfig but there are a thousand network adapters and I cant figure out which surfshark is using. Thanks so much for any help!
Answer: Run ifconfig -v to see your network interfaces.  This verbose version of the command will sometimes add the VPN name to the appropriate network interface.  IF that doesn't work, continue on.
You can check what your external IP address is without activating your VPN, then check it again after activating to ensure VPN is turned on.
One you're sure VPN is working, then look for the interface that appears / disappears when turning on / off VPN.  Alternatively, look for the interface that matches your external IP address.
here's how i do it:

Turn off VPN and go to a site that shows your IP address.  This is your real IP address, not the masked one your VPN provides.  e.g. https://whatismyipaddress.com/
Note your IP4 or IP6 address.   You won't need to actually use this info, just be able to recognize if it's different after you activate your VPN.
Activate VPN
Refresh the site that shows your IP address.  It should show an IP different than the one in step 2.  This is your VPN-enabled IP address, e.g. the one your VPN provides.  Take a note of this.
Run the command ipconfig and look for the interface with the ip address from step 4.  The interface name is the letters and numbers left of the semi-colon above the IP address.  e.g. if utun0: is above the IP address, the interface name is utun0.
(optional) check your ip6 or ip4 address against what your VPN says it is.  Some VPNs offer tools for this.
Comment: happy to see you mention this... I also just had the idea to see compare results in 2 terminal windows side by side with vpn on and off and see which interface appears... that should be the vpn one...
Answer: You use the command ifconfig all by itself. It will display all configured network interfaces and their IP addresses. VPNs are typically in the class A private network space 10.0.0.0/8. That is any IP that starts with 10. But that's not 100% of the time! Just use your best judgement to pick which one is the VPN interface. It should be named in some way related to the VPN provider's name.
Comment: Oh, thank you! Does this sound right? It's under 'ipsec0'. inet 10.5.1.58 --> 10.5.1.58 netmask 0xffffffff (numbers slightly changed in case it matters as I am very dumb with this stuff lol). Interestingly, I can torrent a (legal, free) file using either en0 or ipsec0, but no other network interfaces when the vpn is on. Why is that?
Comment: @ chart Regardless of which interface you send on, one is behind the other, so they both go over the vpn. But it's good to check the vpn. Just type, 'my ip' in google. It should be the vpn servers ip facing the internet. There are also online tools to check for dns leaks and other exploitable defects in the vpn connection. Also, set up the vpn so there are no connections allowed without the vpn, called vpn kill switch.


PHP Image Interlacing not working with Imagick, why?

Question: I'm trying to finish up my image uploader that utilizes imagick for the handling of various image types. One thing specifically that I'm trying to get working is the conversion of jpeg files to progressive jpeg. I've tried the following code below, but when I view the images that get output in irfranview, the jpeg are not progressive. Any ideas? This literally must work by Monday.. Please help
<code>foreach ($thumbnailScaleWidths as $thumbnailScaleWidth) {
    $thumbnail = new imagick($uploadedFile['tmp_name']);
    $thumbnailDimensions = $thumbnail->getImageGeometry();
    $thumbnailWidth = $thumbnailDimensions['width'];
    $thumbnailHeight = $thumbnailDimensions['height'];
    $thumbnailScaleHeight = ($thumbnailScaleWidth / $thumbnailWidth) * $thumbnailHeight;

    $thumbnail->thumbnailImage($thumbnailScaleWidth, $thumbnailScaleHeight);
    $thumbnail->setImageInterlaceScheme(Imagick::INTERLACE_PLANE);
    $thumbnail->writeImages($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . "/Resources/Media/$userId/$internalName-$thumbnailScaleWidth.$fileType", true);
}
</code>
Any ideas as to why this isn't outputting progressive jpegs?
Comment: I have the same problem.  Did you ever come across a solution?
Answer: I know this thread is old but here is an answer that might save time to others in the future.
So since you are reading an image from file, you should use the following method instead:
Imagick::setInterlaceScheme
It seems that Imagick::setImageInterlaceScheme will work only when Imagick is used to generate an image by itself...


Interfaces and abstract class inheritance, implementation in extended classes

Question: In every example I've seen, extended classes implement the interfaces of their parents. For reference, the following example:
interface MyInterface{
    public function foo();
    public function bar();
}

abstract class MyAbstract implements MyInterface{
    public function foo(){ /* stuff */ }
    public function bar(){ /* stuff */ }
}

// what i usually see
class MyClass extends MyAbstract implements MyInterface{}

// what i'm curious about
class MyOtherClass extends MyAbstract{}

Is failure to implement an interface in a child, which is implemented by a parent, considered bad practice or something? Are there any technical drawbacks to omitting the implementation in the child?
Comment: you didnt look at my examples then
Comment: yes, exactly. The child will implement that interface anyway. See http://codepad.org/OTZ2J5kB
Comment: @Gordon - No sir, I have not. So I assume you typically omit the interface from child class declarations.
Answer: I would consider that you are on the right path. There is no need to declare that you are implementing the interface, when extending a class that already implements it. For me it's just another piece of code to maintain if change is needed. So, yes, you are correct!
Comment: Thanks **Emil Ivanov**; That's what I assumed. I haven't worked much with interfaces (*beyond SPL, et al.*) and am beginning to incorporate them into my projects, as more and more of my code will be touched by client programmers. My main concern was if any changes to inheritance could occur due to omission.
Answer:
Is failure to implement an interface
  in a child, which is implemented by a
  parent, considered bad practice or
  something? Are there any technical
  drawbacks to omitting the
  implementation in the child?

I just can't answer your question better than this guy has:

By their nature, although sometimes
  they may look quite similar, abstract
  classes and class interfaces serve
  very distinct purposes.
The interface of a class is meant as a
  tool for the "user" of that class. An
  interface is a public presentation for
  the class, and it should advertise, to
  anyone considering to use it, what
  methods and constants are available
  and accessible from the outside. So,
  as it name suggests, it always sits
  between the user and the class
  implementing it.
On the other hand, an abstract class
  is a tool aimed at helping the
  "implementor" of the classes that
  extend it. It is an infrastructure
  that can impose restrictions and
  guidelines about what the concrete
  classes should look like. From a class
  design perspective, abstract classes
  are more architecturally important
  than interfaces. In this case, the
  implementor sits between the abstract
  class and the concrete one, building
  the latter on top of the former.

Reference
Thus, it's up to you to decide, based on who is going to use (instantiate) your classes, and who is going to write them. If you are the sole user and writer of your classes, then, maybe, just maybe, you don't need them both. But, if you want to give everyone a stripped down to core bits blueprint for the class writer(s) and class user(s), then you should consider using both abstracting and implementing.
Answer: Maybe a little late to the table but I see the above comments do not clarify the main misunderstanding underlying the OP's question.
So the underlying questions are:

Why we use both an Abstract class and an Interface on the same line?
Should both an Abstract method and an Interface declare the same methods at all?

But before some clarifications why to use either of the two above:

Either of them are used by one programmer to define the contract (requirements, obligations, limitations) the other programmers have to obey when they create the concrete classes (and eventually entire software application) based on Abstract classes / Interfaces developed by that programmer.
An Abstract class, in turn, is used to provide the later created concrete class with methods & data structures blueprint via:

data structures declarations (optional),
base implementation of methods (and their signatures, optional)
just methods declarations (similar to an Interface usage, optional).

An Interface is used to provide a concrete class with a methods blueprint via

just methods (and their signatures, optional) declarations.

Here is an example for an Abstract and concrete classes.
abstract class MyAbstractClass {

    public function foo() {
        // Base implementation of the method here.
    }

    public function bar() {
        // Base implementation of the method here.
    }

    // Effectively similar to baz() declaration within some interface:
    public abstract function baz($value);

}

class MyConcreteClass extends MyAbstractClass {

    // foo() and bar() are inherited here from MyAbstractClass.

    // baz() must be implemented or declared abstract again.
    public function baz($value) {
        // implementation.
    }

}

Then the questions come:

Why we need an Interface here?
Do we need an Interface to duplicate same method declarations?

The answers:

Due to the fact that PHP allows only single inheritance for each subclass (you cannot write class MyConcreteClass extends MyAbstractClass, MyAnotherClass {}), when we need to expand the concrete class functionality beyond the already used Abstract class we have to declare this additional functionality via one or more Interfaces.
Like this:
class MyConcreteClass
    extends MyAbstractClass
    implements MyInterface, MyAnotherInterface {
    // Methods and data implementations go here.
}

As the result from the answer 1, an Interface better not to duplicate an Abstract class methods' declarations (this is basically useless). An Interface(s) should decalre the methods that may help to enhance the concrete (or another Abstract class, why not) functionality to provide the programmer that will use these with the firm contract for each object built on top of these classes and interfaces.

Finally, answer to the the OP question whether to use an Interface for an Abstract class or for the concrete class is:

use for either or both (or as needed) as long as an Interface enhances a class contract with new methods' declarations.
Answer:
Is failure to implement an interface in a child, which is implemented by a parent, considered bad practice or something?

The child always implements the interface, it can not go around with this.
I have no clue if that is bad practice or something. I would say it's a language feature.

Are there any technical drawbacks to omitting the implementation in the child?

You can not test the reflection of the abstract class for having the interface for example.
However, abstract class are already an interface, so technically they themselves not really need the interface but you can do so to keep things fluid within the inheritance.
Answer: Well, I was confused too, but I think you should use the latter one, You are right, If you implement the interface in the abstract class, then there is no need to write the interface, you can write the method in interface all into abstract as abstract methods, because you will extend the abstract class whatever, and you will have to use the abstract class as a param type when you use the class in other place, that's not a good thing, I think an abstract class should't be used as a param type, while an interface should be.


What type of chocolate is used for molding?

Question: I failed to melt chocolate bars in order to make chocolates in mold. I tried twice using water bath and microwave but it wasn't as runny as I had expected but much like paste. When I continued heating it, it was broken, becoming like cookies dough.
Was it due to the type of chocolate I used?
By the way, what should I do with broken chocolate?
Thank you for your help.
Comment: Most chocolate bars should melt fine. There could be several things wrong with 'broken' chocolate, such as accidentally getting water in the chocolate, or overheating it. It will be hard to tell without pictures or more details about your method (for example, how long and at what setting did you microwave the chocolate).
Comment: please see my comment below. I doubt the type of chocolate because when I replaced with couverture chocolate (more expensive brand) it worked perfectly fine.
Answer: The dough-like texture you mention makes it sound like you burned your chocolate. Remember, a bar of chocolate will melt in your pocket so it really doesn't require much heat to melt.
To use a microwave, break the chocolate into small pieces and stir every 30 seconds even if the chocolate is still solid since the microwave will heat the pieces unevenly; it shouldn't take more than about 90 seconds in total.
Using a water bath, make sure that the bowl is not in contact with the boiling water (to be honest once the water has boiled you should be fine leaving the bowl in place and taking it off the heat, letting the residual heat warm the chocolate).

Additionally, I would recommend 'How to Cook That' and its YouTube channel for good clear videos about how to melt and then use chocolate. In particular if you want to mould your chocolate you will need to learn about tempering it, and the guide on that YouTube channel is comprehensive and reliable.
Comment: Personally, I don't think it was burned because it was not grainy at all and was perfectly fine when I added cream or butter to make ganache. I also didn't heat it all the way, just little by little, take it out and stir every 10 seconds
Comment: I doubt the type of chocolate because when I replaced with couverture chocolate (more expensive brand) it worked perfectly fine.
Answer: Normally, couverture chocolate (real chocolate) is used for molding. However, I've actually seen compound chocolate (once) successfully used for moulding too.
Regarding what happened to you, there's the possibility that 1) water/steam got into the chocolate while melting, causing it to "seize" (check the internet for "seized chocolate" 2) you were using compound/imitation chocolate (basically cocoa powder mixed with some vegetable oil) 3) overheating (chocolate should not be heated above 50 C. In my case, I normally just heat chocolate to around 45 C) or 4) a combination of the above.
Broken or seized chocolate can still be used for baking and other such recipes.
Note on why couverture chocolate (more expensive) is different from compound (cheaper) chocolate:
Compound chocolate is basically imitation chocolate. It's basically cocoa powder mixed with some form of vegetable fat (palm oil, vegetable oil, etc). Couverture chocolate however is made from cocoa/cacao beans and cocoa butter.


How many rooms in sandbox?

Question: I was playing Halo 3 ODST on sandbox last night. While I was deleting everything so I can make a huge structure for the Halo version of cops and robbers, I accidentally deleted a block and a hole was exposed. Out of pure curiosity I jumped down the hole. While doing this I thought jumping down the hole was a pretty bad idea. I know you can go above and below the main level. Is that all the rooms, or is there more?
Answer: The level Sandbox has 3 levels.
Lower Level
Referred to as The Crypt

It can be accessed by removing the flat block in the center of the map (if you prevent it from spawning at start it will still be there and you can't delete it

It is essentially a large, enclosed room.

The Crypt is 32 x 32 grid squares, which is approximately 16 x 16 single walls

Ground Floor
This is the floor you are likely most familiar with.  You can probably use it for medium-large maps.  The terrain is fairly flat, but the edges begin turning into hills.
This is also the level that the Sandbox Skull is on.
The Sky
Known as the Sky Bubble,

This region can be reached via built-in teleporter in Forge

The teleporter, while not visible outside of forge, still exists.  If you get up there in a custom game, you will be teleported to the sky.
The sky is larger than the main floor (roughly 3 times larger).  It also has no features, so what you build is all that will be there.
Unlike falling from the Ground Floor to The Crypt, falling from the Sky Bubble will result in death.

How many rooms in sandbox?


Would posting research questions on skeptics and have people answer them be helpful research?

Question: Right now correct and comprehensive US legal research requires a lot of expertise and a lot of money. Could "skeptics" provide the expertise and bypass the money element? I am working on a legalresearch wiki, http://legalresearch.wikischolars.columbia.edu/, explaining the strengths and weaknesses of free-of-charge legal research. Casetext, https://casetext.com/, is attempting to create crowdsources for cases. Legalresearch wiki = expertise. Casetext, https://casetext.com/, attempts to provide the alternative for the fee-based case law database content. So far nothing seems to be working, so what about having a space on the Internet where legal research questions are posed and experts answer them, and other users vote their usefulness?
Comment: Well 1) what would be vetting process for experts? 2) why would the majority vote of "other users" as concerned with the correctness of law be in anyway a supplement for the educated research of those researching law? Years of education in the legal practice cannot simply be replaced by majority rules.
Comment: 1. that is always a problem with expertise comes responsibility. They way I see it this would go: best way to access USC a. fdsys, b. google search, c. westlaw, etc. the experts would vote a or be or c. 2. isn't this a problem with any crowding tool? I agree that legal education cannot be replaced by majority rules...but again, we have to start with some trust of users' use of this tool
Answer: I don't speak for the leadership, but while I think that is a fine idea -- after visiting here for over a year I would say it is not really the  skeptics.stackexchange.com mission or core competency to answer legal questions.
While skeptics can correctly answer the occasional legal fallacy question (e.g. must I really pay my income tax or should I listen to this man Irwin Schiff who writes books explaining how the income tax is illegal?), the answer may not rise to the standards of legal research.
There have been Q&A here about law and of course my favorite, Are there public laws dealing with extraterrestrial contact? but I don't think these rise to the level of legal research by expert attorneys or law school professors publishing in journals.   For many of the questions posted here that level of expertise and peer review is probably unnecessary, just as you don't need a tenured professor of geology to find the relevant high-quality citations that the Earth is not 6000 years old.
On Skeptics, anyone in the community, even new users, may answer.  It is not restricted to experts.
If you want experts to answer the questions, it sounds like you need to build your own law-oriented community. Stack Exchange has a community procedure to evaluate and launch new sites at http://area51.stackexchange.com ; or you could start your own community with whatever resources are at your disposal.
Keep in mind, though, that legal questions where the questions are answered by experts but voted upon by a wider group may not yield the correct answers as most popular.  No one likes paying taxes or having their pet vice branded a crime or learning about how they don't have the rights that they thought they had because the Supreme Court doesn't interpret the Constitution like they think it should be interpreted.
Comment: Paul. Yes, I am trying to build a law-oriented community. Thank you for the suggestion, and yes, I have been building a legal research wiki as well, http://legalresearch.wikischolars.columbia.edu/. And, finally, yes, Are there public laws dealing with extraterrestrial contact? is a fine question.
Comment: It should also be noted that law, unlike other areas is very dependant on geography, and since this site and network are global (of the top 8 users of this site, 2 don't say where they are from and the other two are all from different countries) even expertise in law may be irrelevant to many questions, will you trust a lawyer with 20 years of experience in the UK to advise you on a case that is being held in Germany?
Comment: Another issue is that legal advice and to some extent research is also constrained temporally. Whatever is true now, may be wrong in a few months. This is IMHO already a problem with many of the visa related questions on travel.stackexchange.com. Older questions may have upvoted and accepted answers, which due to changes in visa regulations in the meantime are misleading or even completely incorrect. I am not sure if it's useful at all to allow or keep such questions in an archived Q&A forum like Stackexchange.
Comment: I totally agree with this answer, and if you are looking to set up a space for this to happen. I draw your attention to [Ask Patents](http://patents.stackexchange.com/), a Q&A site which essentially looks to do exactly what you are doing - utilize crowdsourcing to provide evidence in legal cases. You might talk to the people who set that up.


Has LargeCoin shipped any hardware yet?

Question: LargeCoin announced their ASIC mining technology back in March 2012, with an estimated delivery of July 2012.
"ttul" in Bitcointalk, who made the announcement, also said "Expected delivery is July 2012. If we miss our delivery deadline, then we will return deposits in full."
Have they delivered any units? Did anyone order any? Has there been a more recent comment anywhere on when they will deliver?
Answer: Some people pre-ordered Largecoin units, but they never took deposits from anyone.

Has LargeCoin shipped any hardware yet?


What prevents a propeller from detaching completely from the engine body?

Question: How does a propeller remain attached to the engine? I know there is a gearbox and/or some other mechanism that transmit the movement but is there any security mechanism that avoids it from completely detaching from the main engine? There is a huge amount of forces acting on that tiny spot where the propeller is attached to the engine, especially on turboprops, and this is where my question comes from.
Comment: Now consider a helicopter rotor. The forces are even greater, as is the importance of keeping it attached. For that reason, the nut on top is sometimes called "Jesus nut".
Comment: Do "sufficiently strong bolts" count as "security mechanism"? I am not really sure what you expect here.
Comment: I agree with the previous comments.  Propellers don't fly off.  Therefore the materials used are more than strong enough.  What are you asking for?
Comment: Answer is good. If its bolts and nuts and they are over engineered then I can understand. Even though there still would be a component of human error.
Answer: Nuts. Technically nuts and bolts.
If you look at pictures of propeller hubs (google "propeller hub") you'll see that the individual prop blades are held onto the prop hub by nuts and bolts holding the hub halves together. Or for wooden props they're bolted directly onto the hub.
If you then take the hub apart, you'll see that the hub is attached to the shaft using nuts and bolts.
I sometimes see people asking why aircraft engineers specify very expensive nuts and bolts for certain parts of the aircraft when a cheaper part can handle an equivalent load. Your question is exactly the reason - it's better to over-engineer certain parts like the prop assembly than have the prop accidentally fly off during flight.
Comment: Wouldn't the nuts and bolts also be safety-wired together to prevent them from accidentally unscrewing from vibration?
Comment: I think you will find that the nuts and bolts will be threaded in the reverse manner to the force imparted on their.  Hence they will be forced tighter if there is any play.


Series resonant circuit with parallel capacitor

Question: Series resonant circuit with parallel capacitor:

What is effect of that parallel capacitor (C2) on the circuit? And what happens if we remove this capacitor?
Answer: Think of it as the same as a crystal: -

There are two resonant conditions (fs and fp) shown in the response curve on the right. fs is series resonance and fp is parallel resonance. A more conventional look at the impedance magnitude reveals where the resistance comes into play during series resonance: -

In terms of formulas here's the deal: -
Answer: Look initially at just the series branch. At the L.C1 resonance, they will go short circuit. Below that frequency, you will see mainly C1, above mainly L.
The whole circuit will reduce to R in parallel with C2 at the L.C1 resonance. Let's assume R is small, and C2 is small, as this is the most common place this sort of circuit is found. With a small R across C2, the whole network will have roughly the impedance R.
As the frequency increases, the conductance of C1 increases, that of L decreases, so the series branch becomes inductive.
Now we have two branches in parallel, C2, and the series branch looking inductive. These will go into a parallel resonance at some higher frequency. A parallel resonance is open circuit, when there are no losses. The loss of R means that the resonance does not go entirely open circuit, but the impedance is still much higher than you would expect for having C2 in parallel.
The reason why this circuit is very interesting, and the open circuit behaviour due to the parallel resonance is unexpected and bad, is that this circuit is often created accidentally from decoupling capacitors.
Let's say C1 is a large 10uF electrolytic, with its corresponding residual inductance and loss shown as L and R. We put C2, say a 10nF ceramic, across C1 for RF decoupling, because C1 is 'bad' at high frequencies due to the residual L.
In this case, R may be sufficiently big that we get away with it. The parallel resonance of the 10nF with the residual inductance of the electrloytic may be so de-Q'd by the high loss, that the parallel resonance impedance doesn't go too high.
These days however, we can get 10uF ceramics. If we replace the C1 electrolytic with a ceramic, R is an order of magnitude or two smaller, and the parallel resonance between the residual L and C2 is vicious. We end up with no decoupling, just at the frequency where we thought C2 ought to be providing a very low impedance to ground.
Parallel decoupling capacitors with care, a bit of extra loss between them will de-Q any resonances.


Actual amount of time required to change spark plugs in a 2003, Ford Ranger XLT, 4.0 L, 6 cyl

Question: I would like to know what the actual amount of time is for a trained mechanic to change the spark plugs in a 2003, ford, ranger xlt, 4.0 l, 6 cyl., 4 WD, automatic ?  The local Ford service/dealer garage tells me it is a 2 hour job. Keep in mind this is just to replace the plugs themselves only.  My experience tells me it is actually closer to a 30 minute job.  What is the real answer ?
Comment: Welcome to Motor Vehicle Maintenance & Repair!
Comment: If there are difficult to access plugs that require removing other parts, yeah, it could be a several hour job.
Comment: I think you should do it yourself and not let them take advantage of you.
Comment: Offhand, I believe that engine has three spark plugs that are covered by the intake manifold. Removing the intake manifold is the cause of the extra time.
Comment: @finleyarcher  Most likely the reason.  Long gone are the days of popping the hood and replacing spark plugs as if you are changing your underwear.  This is why people think the shop is screwing them, "because its just a spark plug."  But they have no idea where those plugs are even at.
Answer: The two hour quote is most likely the book hours it takes to change the spark plugs. Most shops here in the States use a book hours estimation on what it takes to do the work. This is figured (I believe) on what the time it takes the average mechanic to do the work. For your vehicle and the job being done, the shop is estimating two hours based off of these figures. This is done in an attempt to make the playing field level for all shops. If you get a book hour estimate, it may not take the mechanic two hours to get the job done, but you are going to get charged that amount at whatever the book hour rate of the shop you are taking your vehicle to. This is more or less an honest estimate of what it's going to take. If it actually takes longer, you will not pay any more for the service but the two hours.
Two hours in and of itself for the job seems reasonable for "book hours", mainly because this also includes things like getting the vehicle into the shop, collecting the parts and materials needed to do the work, testing the vehicle after work is done, inspection of the vehicle to see if there's any other "stuff" which should get done, etc. It's just considered a fair estimate of the work which is needed. It's fair to the shop so they get paid for their time. It's fair for you because you know going in what it's going to cost.
Answer: This is a bit tricky to answer because it is basically variable. Generally, shops will bill a full hour for every minute into each new hour. So that would be why they'd estimate 2 hours. They are 99.99% sure that it will never take longer than 2 hours, but it could take them upwards of 61 minutes.
For starters, it could be done in 30 minutes, but it could easily take longer. Even a "trained mechanic" will not have worked on every vehicle design (which can add time to the job), and even if they have, they haven't worked on your vehicle necessarily. So they may have to spend some time figuring out how to finagle their way into certain spaces. Also, some designs require the removal of different components to access all the spark plugs.
I don't know precisely about the design of your Ranger, but I could easily see it taking over an hour (would probably take me about 70-90 minutes, start-to-finish, as a guess) which would be billed as 2 hours.
This is the reason that I personally would do that job myself. If you have the ability, skill, and time, then I'd say do it yourself as long as you know what you're doing.
All that said, anything relating to cost/shopping is a bit outside the scope of this stack. So all I can say is that I can see it taking over an hour, and I can see if I had worked on that vehicle before (especially several times) it would probably take closer to 30 minutes. It's just a matter of familiarization with the vehicle.
Comment: That's really not how it works.  See Paulster's answer for how shops bill for work.


Import all Products from magento 1.9 to magento 1.9

Question: I am using magento 1.9.4 . I want to import all Product data from another magento 1.9 store. i tried via .csv file but it did not worked. How can i transfer product from one store to another with all attributes . Is there any Extension to do that ? Guide
Answer: yes, you can use Store Manager For Magento software (there's free trial available), it allows transferring all entities via export/import and is mush easier than admin


If a particle interaction does not violate conservation laws will it occur?

Question: In particle physics their are several quantities (charge, baryon number, lepton number, momentum, and energy) which are conserved by all 4 fundamental interactions. Often in textbooks etc. their are questions asking whether a particular interaction can occur. e.g.
$$A +B \rightarrow X+Y$$
I usually do such questions by seeing if any of the above conservations laws have been violated, and if they haven't stating that it can occur. But this got me thinking, is it in fact a necessary and sufficient condition  for an interaction to have a non-zero probability of occurring  that these conservations laws are satisfied? Or are their interactions that have a zero probability but do satisfy these conservations law? Please can you explain your answer.
Comment: Search term "totalitarian principle of quantum mechanics".
Comment: ... And note Gell-Mann's caution in footnote (1) of the [Totalitarian Princiiple](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totalitarian_principle) :  "Use of this principle is somewhat dangerous, since it may be that while the laws proposed in this communication are correct, there are others, yet to be discussed, which forbid some of the processes that we suppose to be allowed."
Answer: As indicated in the comments, the totalitarian principle outrightly forbids this. However, it would be better if you could actually know at least one of the reasons why, which is a rather big one.
Suppose you take some some conservation laws into account and on that basis you want to create a particle interaction. From Noether's theorem, we know that there are some specific symmetries to be obeyed by the Lagrangian of the system in order for the conservation laws to hold true. But that in itself doesn't fix the Lagrangian at all. There are many possible particle interactions generated by many Lagrangians, and they all need not be necessarily obeyed.
A simple example is a massless scalar particle without any potential and mediating fermionic interactions, which is a perfectly valid model obeying all conservation laws. But it simply doesn't exist, or we would have observed a fifth fundamental force in nature, which would also be inverse-square.


"Movie film" : hybrid word or just a tautology?

Question: Could anyone please explain me if there is a difference between words 'movie film', 'film', and 'movie'? When it is appropriate to use a 'movie film'? I thought it was a mistake to say so, but then discovered Wikipedia article titled "Movie film format".
Comment: I think the structure of this phrase is not "[movie film] format" but "movie [film format]". "Film format" is a commonly used term; see the link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_format
Comment: Agreed with @sumelic's analysis of the title of that WP article.  And I've never seen "movie film", and can attest that if I saw it in the wild, I would take it for a solecism.
Comment: This is a noun compound, where one of the nouns has been formed from a previous noun compound. _Movie_ was shortened from _moving picture_, and then _movie film_ was used to describe the kind of film used to make movies.
Comment: I have discovered word "moviefilm" on DVD cover (describing a mockumentary comedy) and was sure it was a joke; but then while writing analysis did some web search and got confused. Thank you for comments &explanation, now I can go back to may paper.
Answer: 'Film' has a number of meanings, one of which is 'movie or 'motion picture'. If 'film' has that meaning then 'movie film' is clearly a tautology.
However 'film' can also mean the celluloid strip on which a movie (amongst other things) can be made. Some kinds of film can be used for movies and some cannot. It would be entirely correct to call the kind of celluloid film intended for making movies 'movie film'. It is not a tautology because neither 'movie' on its own nor 'film' on its own convey the whole concept. It is this concept that the Wikipedia article is talking about.
Answer: It is what is called a retronym.
At one time, all movies were in "film fomat"; that is, they existed only on film.  Then there came videotape (VHS and BetaMax formats), DVD, and now the purely digital transmission of movies via cable or internet.  So a word is needed to refer to the "old-fashioned" kind.
There are many such retronyms: acoustic guitar, analog watch, combustion engine, etc.
For a list, see https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_retronyms .
Comment: Wouldn't what you're talking about be a "film movie" or "film format movie" vs. a "digital movie" ? We certainly can't contrast "movie film" with "movie digital" unless we get French with our modifier placement...
Comment: I'm afraid I may have leaped to the conclusion that there was such a term as "movie film" based on OP's question. Today I actually looked at the Wikipedia article "Movie Film **formats** https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Movie_film_formats , which describes _various film formats_ used in movies. Interestingly, Wikipedia still redirects "movie" and "motion picture" inquiries to the "film" article, as if "film" were synonymous with "movie". Yet they do have an article on _Digital Cinema_.
Comment: So perhaps "film-format movie" is the real retronym.
Answer: The word "movie film" is not to my knowledge a common term for a motion picture. As noted in the other answers, "movie film" is indeed a term used to refer to the physical "film" material used to make a movie. However, I don't think that's how it's being used in your particular example.
There is a term "film format" (see this site for an example of this term being used). As described on this site, it refers to the size and proportions of the film material being used (and also of slides, negatives, or transparencies derived from that material).
This term is used on Wikipedia articles; for evidence, see the Wikipedia article "Film Format".
I cannot in fact find a Wikipedia article titled "Movie Film Format", but I would interpret this phrase as a noun compound composed, not of "Movie Film" + Format", but of "Movie" + "Film Format". That is, it's the film format of a movie. (This is not redundant because not all film is used to make movies.)
Evidence for this being the correct division of this compound word, at least in this context: at the bottom of the Wikipedia article on film formats, we see a link box which has "Motion Picture film formats". The words "Motion Picture" are of course a synonym for "movie", and together constitute a link to the article on motion pictures; as I said earlier, there is no Wikipedia article on "movie film" or "motion picture film".
That said, the word is ambiguous, and as seen in the question, answers and comments, might be interpreted as referring to "[movie film] format" with the sense of "the format of [the photographic film used to make movies]".


If a protected question takes 10 rep, why isn't 101 enough?

Question: I was tempted to add to An adjective to describe a pregnant woman's swollen belly?, but there's no answer button, and the explanation is a minimum rep of 10, and I've got (thanks to association) 101.
?
Comment: It seems like it is because the "on this site" part. According to the description, "To answer it, you must have earned at least 10 reputation on this site." To get 10 rep points on this site, you can try answering a question on the main site to get it upvoted. By the way, welcome to ELL!
Comment: @DamkerngT. - Yes, that's it. The 101 assumes you know SE protocol on comments and such, but it doesn't work for protected questions.
Answer: Because the association bonus doesn't count towards answering protected questions. The bonus is granted to give you some basic privileges because you've proven you understand how the Stack Exchange software works in general. The purpose of protecting a question is to prevent poor answers from users who haven't proven they know how to make quality contributions to a site. The former does not imply the latter; just because you have a bunch of rep on Stackoverflow (and thus know how to code) doesn't mean you're knowledgeable about English, gardening, bicycles, travel, etc.


row size limit and list row size for a list or libray

Question: What is the difference between list row size and row size limit in software boundaries anyone can give one example for a list or library in a sharepoint site, we have multiple server farms.
Answer: Row Size Limit: the limit of row size that is 8000 bytes.

Note: Each list or library item can only occupy 8,000 bytes in total in the database. 300 bytes are reserved, leaving 7700 bytes for
  end-user columns. For details on how much space each kind of field
  consumes, This is the row size limit as boundary type that is Static limits that cannot be exceeded by design.

List Row Size: the current row size that is the sum of the current columns size.

Example
Consider you have a List item (row) with 2 columns as the following

Single line of text (30 bytes as a column size limit),
Number (14 bytes a column size limit)

To check column limits check Software boundaries and limits for
  SharePoint 2013

So based on columns size, the List Row Size = 30 +14 = 44 bytes as rows size
In this case, you still can add additional columns that its total size is less than or equal to the Rows Size Limit that 7700 bytes per row.
See also Comparing List and Library limits in SharePoint 2016 with SharePoint 2013 / 2010 / 2007


Simple IR Receiver code

Question: Can I know a code for simple IR receiver. I using external trasmitter, and when the receiver (on arduino board) get the input (detect signal from transmitter), LED will be HIGH.
Comment: This isn't a code-writing service. I suggest you ask a more specific question. There are plenty of examples of code that detects IR codes. It would be simple to turn an LED on if a certain code was received.
Answer: Here is a library that might be able to help you out: https://github.com/cyborg5/IRLib/. Also a specific example of controlling a server from a sony remote control. https://github.com/cyborg5/IRLib/blob/master/examples/IRservo/IRservo.ino
I am slightly confused on what you mean 'get input'. So I am assuming an input from a button. Here is some pseudo code compiled from the IRservo example that might point you in the right direction.
<code>#include <IRLib.h>

#define MY_PROTOCOL SONY
#define BUTTON_0 0x90bca  //LED ON
#define BUTTON_1 0x00bca  //LED OFF

#define LED_PIN 13 //Pin to LED

IRrecv My_Receiver(11);//Receive on pin 11
IRdecode My_Decoder;

void setup() { //Code to run once
  My_Receiver.No_Output();//Turn off any unused IR LED output circuit
  My_Receiver.enableIRIn(); // Start the receiver

  pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT); //Set LED 13 to out
  digitalWrite(LED_PIN, LOW); //Start off in the off position
}

void loop() { //Code that runs forever
    if (My_Receiver.GetResults(&My_Decoder)) {
       My_Decoder.decode(); //Convert the values into types
       if(My_Decoder.decode_type==MY_PROTOCOL) { // Match the controller
          switch(My_Decoder.value) {
            case BUTTON_0:      digitalWrite(LED_PIN, HIGH); break; //Turn the LED on
            case BUTTON_1:      digitalWrite(LED_PIN, LOW); break; //Turn the LED off
          }
       }
     My_Receiver.resume(); //Wait for next input
    }
}
</code>
This should theoretically work, but has never been tested. Now if you are just wanting any result to turn on the LED you might be able to do this
<code>void loop() { //Code that runs forever
    if (My_Receiver.GetResults(&My_Decoder)) {
        My_Decoder.decode();
        digitalWrite(LED_PIN, HIGH); //Turn the LED on
    }
    My_Receiver.resume(); //Wait for next input
}
</code>
Edit:
A sample from getting text (Different library) from the receiver and printing it to the Serial Monitor. Link to library: https://github.com/z3t0/Arduino-IRremote
<code>    #include <IRremote.h> //Link: https://github.com/z3t0/Arduino-IRremote

#define IR_PIN = 11; //The data pin to the IR recv
#define LED_DATA = 13; //Either the builtin LED or plug one in

IRrecv irrecv(IR_PIN); //Start recv obj
decode_results results;

void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(9600); //Start Serial at 9600 baud
  pinMode(LED_DATA, OUTPUT); //Set LED pin to out
  digitalWrite(LED_DATA, LOW); //Start recv data view pin in low
  irrecv.enableIRIn(); // Start the receiver
}

void loop() {
  if (irrecv.decode(&results)) {
    //We have recieved something... lets print it and turn on the LED
    digitalWrite(LED_DATA, HIGH);
    Serial.println(results.value, HEX); //Send line in ascii hex format
    delay(200); //Make the LED visible
    digitalWrite(LED_DATA, LOW); //Turn off data led
    irrecv.resume(); // Receive the next value
  }
}
</code>
Edit #2
Since an image has been provided I believe this is what you want. To turn the ir data into a visible light... To do that is a little more tricky in just doing code. Here's an example that doesn't require any external libraries and will do what you want.
<code>    #include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <avr/io.h>

#define TIMER_RESET  TCNT1 = 0
#define SAMPLE_SIZE  64
#defome LED_PIN 13

int IRpin = 2;
unsigned int TimerValue[SAMPLE_SIZE];
char direction[SAMPLE_SIZE];
byte change_count;
long time;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial.println("Analyze IR Remote");
  TCCR1A = 0x00;          // COM1A1=0, COM1A0=0 => Disconnect Pin OC1 from Timer/Counter 1 -- PWM11=0,PWM10=0 => PWM Operation disabled
  // ICNC1=0 => Capture Noise Canceler disabled -- ICES1=0 => Input Capture Edge Select (not used) -- CTC1=0 => Clear Timer/Counter 1 on Compare/Match
  // CS12=0 CS11=1 CS10=1 => Set prescaler to clock/64
  TCCR1B = 0x03;          // 16MHz clock with prescaler means TCNT1 increments every 4uS
  // ICIE1=0 => Timer/Counter 1, Input Capture Interrupt Enable -- OCIE1A=0 => Output Compare A Match Interrupt Enable -- OCIE1B=0 => Output Compare B Match Interrupt Enable
  // TOIE1=0 => Timer 1 Overflow Interrupt Enable
  TIMSK1 = 0x00;
  pinMode(IRpin, INPUT);
  pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
}

void loop()
{
  Serial.println("Waiting...");
  change_count = 0;
  while(digitalRead(IRpin) == HIGH) {}
  TIMER_RESET;
  TimerValue[change_count] = TCNT1;
  direction[change_count++] = '0';
  while (change_count < SAMPLE_SIZE) {
    if (direction[change_count-1] == '0') {
      while(digitalRead(IRpin) == LOW) {}
      TimerValue[change_count] = TCNT1;
      direction[change_count++] = '1';
      digitalWrite(LED_PIN, LOW);
    } else {
      while(digitalRead(IRpin) == HIGH) {}
      TimerValue[change_count] = TCNT1;
      direction[change_count++] = '0';
      digitalWrite(LED_PIN, HIGH);
    }
  }
  Serial.println("Bit stream detected!");
  change_count = 0;
  time = (long) TimerValue[change_count] * 4;
  digitalWrite(LED_PIN, LOW)
  Serial.print(time);
  Serial.print("\t");
  Serial.println(direction[change_count++]);
  while (change_count < SAMPLE_SIZE) {
    time = (long) TimerValue[change_count] * 4;
    Serial.print(time);
    Serial.print("\t");
    Serial.println(direction[change_count-1]);
    Serial.print(time);
    Serial.print("\t");
    Serial.println(direction[change_count++]);
  }
  Serial.println("Bit stream end!");
  delay(2000);
}
</code>
If you want a non code example check out the answer below. It is a great solution. Without needing any arduino.
best regards, David
Comment: I mean "get the input" is receiver get signal from transmitter
Comment: I've added the new sample with getting data and printing it, and a library that seems slightly easier to use.
Answer: I know you want code.  However your question is how to light up an LED when an external remote control is transmitting.  This can be done with the following hardware:
Many ASK sensors integrate an IR photo sensor, AGC & PLL into a 3 pin package that has an appearance of a transistor.  Supply power and get back a signal when an ASK IR transmitter is detected.  Check the current capabilities of the ASK receiver, you might have to add a transistor to drive an LED.  No Arduino needed for detection.
Here is an example found on the web:

Simple IR Receiver code


How do you enable block folding for Python comments in TextMate?

Question: In TextMate 1.5.10 r1623, you get little arrows that allow you to fold method blocks:

Unfortunately, if you have a multi-lined Python comment, it doesn't recognize it, so you can't fold it:
def foo():
 """
 How do
 I fold
 these comments?
 """

 print "bar"

TextMate has this on their site on how to customize folding:  http://manual.macromates.com/en/navigation_overview#customizing_foldings
...but I'm not skilled in regex enough to do anything about it. TextMate uses the Oniguruma regex API, and I'm using the default Python.tmbundle updated to the newest version via GetBundles.
Does anyone have an idea of how to do this? Thanks in advance for your help!  :)

Adding the default foldingStartMarker and foldingStopMarker regex values for Python.tmbundle under the Python Language in Bundle Editor:
foldingStartMarker = '^\s*(def|class)\s+([.a-zA-Z0-9_ <]+)\s*(\((.*)\))?\s*:|\{\s*$|\(\s*$|\[\s*$|^\s*"""(?=.)(?!.*""")';
foldingStopMarker = '^\s*$|^\s*\}|^\s*\]|^\s*\)|^\s*"""\s*$';

Comment: Shouldn't that be a matter of defining foldingStartMarker and foldingStopMarker as `"""|'''`?
Comment: @delnan, I think you're on the right track. The current regex values are a little complex (I added them to the question above).
Answer: It appears that multi-line comment folding does work in TextMate, but your must line up your quotes exactly like so:
""" Some sort of multi
    line comment, which needs quotes
    in just the right places to work. """

That seems to do it:
Comment: This is correct, but you failed to mention the important fact that your line 21 requires a tab that corresponds to line 18, or it will NOT work.
Answer: According to this Textmate Mailing list thread, if you follow it to the end, proper code folding for Python is not supported.  Basically, regular expressions as implemented in the foldingStartMarker and foldingStopMarker do not allow for captures, thus the amount of spacing at the beginning of the "end fold" cannot be matched to the "begin fold".
The issue is not finally and officially addressed by Textmate's creator, Allan Odgaard; however since the thread is from 2005, I assume it is a dead issue, and not one that will be supported.
Comment: Interesting. That explains why if you tab-in blank lines in comments, it'll still allow collapsing (it see's it as a whitespace and treats it like a normal character).


Eccentrically loaded bolts in which the plane of loading is parallel to the bolt plane

Question:
This are eccentrically loaded bolts in which the plane of loading is parallel to the bolt plane.When deriving an equation to this particular problem almost all books start by assuming that $$\frac{F_{1}}{r_{1}}=\frac{F_{2}}{r_{2}}=\frac{F_{3}}{r_{3}}=...=c$$
So, how can one make such assumptions and have a correct answer.Meaning, wouldn't a different assumption cause different results? Is there some type physical meaning to the assumption made?
Comment: I don't think this is a physical requirement.  You can imagine a situation where the hole for bolt 1 was drilled too big so it isn't contributing at all requiring the three other bolts to take on all of the stress, and one could have intermediate situations.  I think having the stress distributed evenly across all of the bolts to minimize the stress on any individual bolt is a design desire.
Comment: Similarly, the assumption that the direct sheer is perfectly distributed across the 4 bolts is not a physical requirement, but is the best case to minimize the maximum shear on any bolt.
Answer: This answer contains a paragraph about the assumptions of a rigid motion of the beam needed to get the decomposition shown in the question, a paragraph about the linear system representing the equilibrium conditions, and a last paragraph about the detail needed to get equal "translational contribution" on all the bolts (in the picture $P/4$, in general $P/n$ with $n$ bolts): the reference point of the rigid motion must be the geometric center of the bolts.
Assumptions
The decomposition of the forces as shown in the picture is consistent with the following assumptions:

stiff beams if compared with the joints, so that the beams can only perform rigid motion: thus the system has 3 degrees of freedom and the displacement of a point a beam is the composition of the displacement of a reference point $P$ and the rotation around it. For small displacements, these two contributions are summed as follow
\begin{equation}
  \mathbf{u}_i = \mathbf{u}_P + \theta \times \mathbf{r}_i \ ,
\end{equation}
Actually, it's not strictly necessary that the whole beam is treated as rigid, but only the region with the bolts.
force on all the bolts is linear with the displacement of the point, with the same stiffness constant (equal bolts assumption)
\begin{equation}
   \mathbf{F}_i = - k \, \mathbf{u}_i = -k \left( \mathbf{u}_P + \theta \times \mathbf{r}_i \right) = -k \left( \mathbf{u}_P -\mathbf{r}_i \times \theta  \right) \ ;
\end{equation}
from this expression, it's easy to realize that:

the first contributions is aligned with the displacement $\mathbf{u}_P$, and constant for every bolt;
the second contribution is an azimutal contribution, proportional to $r_i$.

Linear system from equilibrium equations
In order to find the values of $\mathbf{u}_P$ and $\theta$, we need to write equilibrium equations
\begin{equation}\begin{aligned}
  \text{force:} & \quad \mathbf{0}  = \mathbf{F} + \sum_i \mathbf{F}_i  = \mathbf{F} - k \sum_i \left( \mathbf{u}_P - \mathbf{r}_i \times \theta \right) \\
  \text{moment:} & \quad \mathbf{0} = \mathbf{r}_F \times \mathbf{F}+ \sum_i \mathbf{r}_i \times \mathbf{F}_i = \mathbf{r}_F \times \mathbf{F} - k \sum_i \mathbf{r}_i \times\left( \mathbf{u}_P - \mathbf{r}_i \times \theta \right) \\
\end{aligned}\end{equation}
This linear system can be thus written as
\begin{equation}
 k \begin{bmatrix}
n \mathbb{I} & \left[-\sum_{i=1}^{n} \mathbf{r}_i \right]_{\times} \\
\left[-\sum_{i=1}^{n} \mathbf{r}_i \right]^T_{\times} & -\sum_{i=1}^{n} \mathbf{r}_{i\times} \mathbf{r}_{i \times}
\end{bmatrix} \,
\begin{bmatrix} \mathbf{u}_P \\ \theta \end{bmatrix} =
\begin{bmatrix}
  \mathbb{I} \\ \mathbf{r}_{F \times}
\end{bmatrix} \mathbf{F}
\end{equation}
This linear system contains the identity tensor $\mathbb{I}$, a tensor of static moment $\sum_{i=1}^{n} \mathbf{r}_{i \times}$ (this contribution is identically zero if we choose $P$ to be the geometric center of the bolts), and the tensor of inertia, $-\sum_{i=1}^{n} \mathbf{r}_{i\times} \mathbf{r}_{i \times}$.
Solution w/ reference point $P \equiv$ geometric center
In this case, $\sum_{i=1}^{n} \mathbf{r}_{i \times}$ and the linear system becomes
\begin{equation}
 k \begin{bmatrix}
n \mathbb{I} & \mathbb{O} \\
\mathbb{O} & -\sum_{i=1}^{n} \mathbf{r}_{i\times} \mathbf{r}_{i \times}
\end{bmatrix} \,
\begin{bmatrix} \mathbf{u}_P \\ \theta \end{bmatrix} =
\begin{bmatrix}
  \mathbb{I} \\ \mathbf{r}_{F \times}
\end{bmatrix} \mathbf{F}
\end{equation}
so that
\begin{equation}
   \mathbf{u}_P = \dfrac{1}{n k} \mathbf{F} \qquad , \qquad
   \theta = \dfrac{1}{k} \left[ -\sum_{i=1}^{n} \mathbf{r}_{i\times} \mathbf{r}_{i \times} \right]^{-1} \cdot \mathbf{r}_F \times \mathbf{F} \ .
\end{equation}
For a planar problem,

$\theta = \theta \mathbf{\hat{z}}$
$-\sum_{i=1}^{n} \mathbf{r}_{i\times} \mathbf{r}_{i \times} = \sum_i r_i^2 \mathbf{\hat{z}}\mathbf{\hat{z}}$
$\mathbf{r}_F \times \mathbf{F}$ aligned with $\mathbf{\hat{z}}$
\begin{equation}
\mathbf{u}_P = \dfrac{1}{n k} \mathbf{F} \qquad , \qquad
   \theta = \dfrac{1}{k \sum_i r_i^2}  \mathbf{r}_F \times \mathbf{F} \ .
\end{equation}

From these expressions of $\mathbf{u}_P$ and $\theta$ is then possible to retrieve the actual value of the joint displacements and forces.
It's easy to realize that the "translational contribution" is the same for all the bolts, and this contribution equilibrates the external force $\mathbf{F}$, being
\begin{equation}
  \sum_{i=1}^{n} \mathbf{F}^{tr}_i = - k \sum_{i=1}^{n} \mathbf{u}_P = - k \, n \, \mathbf{u}_P = - k \, n \, \dfrac{1}{n \, k}\mathbf{F} = -\mathbf{F} \ .
\end{equation}
Comment: yes, you are correct. My mistake.
Comment: You need to see where $F \propto r$ and not $F \propto 1/r$, since direct proportionality comes from the condition $F/r = \text{const.}$ stated in the question. You can find bold text in my answer, just before the picture
Comment: don't worry. If i had to count all my mistakes, it would take forever
Answer: I too had the same doubt but here is what I make sense of it.
$I*\alpha=P*e$ ;    α=angular acceleration
$I= m_1*l_1^2 +m_2*l_2^2+m_3*l_3^2+m_4*l_4^2$
$α=P*e/(m*(l_1^2+l_2^2+l_3^2+l_4^2))$ -1
Angular acceleration of all mass particles in the system is same.
Know let us assume that there was no external Torque ($P*e$) and the bolts produced the same reaction Moment. Then each bolts contribution for the net Moment must be in such that its angular acceleration about CG is same.
So,
$F_1/(l_1*m_1) = F_2/(l_2*m_2)=F_3/(l_3*m_3)=F_4/(l_4*m_4)= α $
General assumption is all bolts are same. So, $m_1=m_2=m_3=m_4=m$
$F_1/l_1 = F_2/l_2 =F_3/l_3 =F_4/l_4  = m*α$ -2
From 1 & 2
$F_1/l_1 = F_2/l_2 =F_3/l_3 =F_4/l_4 = α = P*e/(l_1^2+l_2^2+l_3^2+l_4^2)$
The last equation is given in many textbooks. So I assume the approach must be true.
Comment: Done, Thanks for the suggestion.
Comment: Welcome to Physics.SE. Please typeset your equations using MathJax: https://math.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/5020/mathjax-basic-tutorial-and-quick-reference
Comment: The angular acceleration is from the sum of all of the applied torques.  Each individual torque does not have to be the same.  Consider a windlass with four sailors each pushing on a separate arm, they don't all miraculously push with exactly the same force.
Comment: I don't think dynamics are at play here. I think this problem needs to be examined from a structural point of view.
Answer:
This is the only natural explanation that I could think of.
Assume that the beam is rotating about a common point O, as shown in the figure. The loading on the beam creates a clockwise torque, which makes the bolts move tangentially to $O$. These bolts (shown as green dots) are pushing against the matrix of the column, which in turn provides an anticlockwise restoring torque, bringing the entire system to rest.
Now imagine the beam had rotated by a small angle $d\theta$.

Each of the bolts would have deformed the matrix of the column by a distance $r d\theta$, where $r$ is the distance of the bolt from the axis of rotation. By Hooke's law, the restoring force provided by the matrix of the column due to this compression would be $$F=kx=krd\theta$$.
By this argument, for a fixed angular displacement of the beam, the Forces acting on the bolt are directly proportional to its distance from the axis of rotation.
$$F\propto r$$
Applying this to all other bolts gives you the relation.
$$\dfrac{F_i}{r_i}=constant$$


Time difference evaluation in a Michelson-Morley apparatus with arbitrary orientation

Question: Historically, by assuming the validity of the  Lorentz-Fitzgerald contraction, the null result obtained in the Michelson-Morley experiment can be explained. In particular light travels along the two arms of the apparatus (one positioned parallel to the direction of motion and one perpendicular) with a time difference given by:
$$ t_1-t_2= \frac{2(l_{10}-l_{20})/c}{(1-v^2/c^2)^{1 \over 2}} $$
Where $l_{10}$ and $l_{20}$ are the normal length  of each arm i.e for the arms at rest.
This relation is true also if we rotate the interferometer by 90° assuming the contraction.
I want to prove that the relation holds for every angle of rotation.
Assuming the contraction I reckon that the angle formed by an arm and the direction of $\vec{v}$ (the speed of the apparatus), measured with the system in motion and at rest would be different so we have the relations for each arm:
$$(l_{10})^2=(l_1 \sin \theta)^2+\frac{(l_1 \cos \theta)^2}{1-v^2/c^2}$$
$$(l_{20})^2=(l_2 \cos \theta)^2 +\frac{(l_2 \sin \theta)^2}{1-v^2/c^2}$$
The first relation has been given by my textbook whereas the second has been derived accordingly by my self. I suppose that $\theta$ is the angle between the first arm and $\vec{v}$ with the system in motion. Using this relations I'm not able to obtain the time difference stated before. I think that light must travel with a certain angle different from $\theta$ in order for the ray to reach the mirror of the interferometer and bounce back compensating the motion of the system. For example, in the case of the first arm, taking the apparatus as our system of reference i think the speed will be, according to Galilean transformation:
$$(v_c)^2=(c \cos \phi -v)^2+(c \sin \theta)^2$$
for the ray traveling towards the mirror and for the one that bounced back:
$$(v_c)^2=(c \cos \phi +v)^2+(c \sin \theta)^2$$
Any hint or help in the solution process would be appreciated. Thank you in advance.
Comment: You are basically running around in circles here. The Lorentz transformation is a trivial algebraic property of empty spacetime (i.e. spacetime that obeys relativity). Relativity already says that no experiment can detect a background. It is entirely pointless to calculate the null-outcomes of specific experiments using Lorentz transformations. The statements are mathematically identical, you are just taking "the long way around". How an external observer would "see" the experiment is, by the way, NOT what the Lorentz transformations predict. See Terrell rotation.
Answer: This question reminds me of a problem I once solved which was from the book on Relativity by Resnick. I am providing you that question along with my work.

Here is my work

Please point out if you think there is a mistake with my work.
Comment: Thank you, I will check it out as soon as possible. I think it is possible to solve the problem by using the ether frame of reference ( as suggested here in the forum in a very similar question). I have some notes of the solution referred to this frame but I'm going to write it using mathjax/latex so I can post it. Hope to give you a feedback soon.


What do notes on the neutral clef mean?

Question: When writing notes on the neutral clef for percussion, do the notes correspond to different instruments (bass drum, snare drum, etc.) or do the notes represent something else?
Here's an example:
Comment: That does answer my question, thanks for posting.
Comment: They do indeed refer to different drums, cymbals, percussion instruments, there's not much else they could do! Ironically, most drum sounds are a lot shorter than the note values shown, which has always baffled me.
Comment: @Tim If by the length of a drum sound we mean the time between the attack and when the sound produced decays to 0dB, it is certainly possible that in fast enough tempi and short note values, the sounds are longer than the written note values. There's not really a way to extend the sound of a drum after the attack without outside help, and having to manually dampen/shorten the notes in the middle of playing would be a huge hinderance, making beats of any considerable complexity or speed practically impossible.
Comment: @Divide1918 - that's pretty well what I meant. Writing out drum notation any other way would be impractical, that's the irony. As in making a snare drum sound last for the whole beat it usually gets written as.  Cymbals, of course are different - in fact, the opposite often happens - they will sound for *longer* than the written notes. But that's accepted too.
Comment: @Tim where the specified sound is shorter than the note duration, there are two considerations: first, writing shorter notes with rests is little more than busywork without practical value, and second, people might interpret the rest as an instruction to ensure that the sound does not exceed the (shorter) notated duration.  That is, if you write eighths and eighth rests, you might find snare drummers trying to damp the instrument, especially at faster tempos.  After all, "the composer must have done that for a reason."
Answer: If there's no indication to the contrary, and particularly if it's a drum part, then you can assume that notes in the first space are bass drum, notes in the third space are snare drum and x-noteheads above the stave are cymbals (for the example given most likely hi-hat). Notes on the lines are very likely tomtoms.
In other cases it's possible to use the percussion clef for any unpitched instruments. It's just neccessary to provide some information on which lines/spaces indicate which instruments, either by providing a key or by writing the instrument names over each entry.
Comment: This answered my question, thank you very much for clarifying.

What do notes on the neutral clef mean?


Is there any way to buy Adobe Illustrator instead of subscribing?

Question: Based on my other question here I started googling the price of Adobe Illustrator and it looks like they only let you subscribe to a monthly payment. I couldn't find a direct way to buy AI and permanently own a license. Do you have any idea about this?
Comment: nope, unfortunately Adobe has moved to a subscription-only policy. Which sucks, I agree.
Comment: Also consider that the price of illustrator for buying was very high. You can rent it for about 40 months for the price.
Comment: Does this mean like I do a monthly subscription, then if I finished whatever I wanted to finish using this software, I just don't subscribe anymore?
Comment: If you don't want to pay anything, perhaps have a look a Inkscape(dot)org
Answer: Until recently it was possible to buy the Adobe CS6 pack permanently as a one-time payment. But that is no longer an option and Adobe CC software is currently only available via subscriptions. Yeah, like going to the gym :)

There is a free 7-day trial where you download, install and use the software for 7 days and then it becomes locked until a payment is made.
There is an yearly plan where you pay 12 months in advance.
There is also a monthly plan where you can use the software for 1, 2, 3, etc as many months as you need (until you cancel the plan or it expires). When your plan expires or it gets cancelled, the software remains installed, but you won't be able to use it until you renew your payment. You can go for the monthly plan, make 1 payment, then cancel the plan so it does not renew after 1 month (otherwise it will automatically renew).
At any point in the future you can make another 1-month payment and reactivate the software for another 30 days.
Comment: You can still buy a perpetual license for CS6... **If** you can find it for sale somewhere. Adobe no longer sells it, but sometimes third party vendors will have old stock. Unfortunately, it's been years so I imagine most vendors have sold out of their stock. If they haven't sold out... prices have [SKYROCKETED](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B003B32AQK?psc=1).
Comment: Pretty sure they changed all the trials to 7 days now
Comment: @scott yeah with that kind of money you can buy a subscription for 7 years even more if you account for how much the moneys value changes.
Answer: About 4 years ago Adobe closed the support for Creative Suite 2 including Illustrator CS2. That product was in wide use because it had and still has enough functionality for detailed professional graphic work. People couldn't run their CS2 because the software couldn't check from the activation server was it paid. Adobe published as a band-aid the last CS2 versions in their support&download pages modified to work without internet connection to the activation server. The working serial numbers were also available.
Obviously a massive downloading started and very soon Adobe moved all behind sign-in. That affects to me nothing because I am a paying customer. They ask nothing. But they know who I am because I can see my name in the upper corner of the browser.
Their webpage for the subject is:
https://helpx.adobe.com/creative-suite/kb/creative-suite-2-activation-end-life.html
You can check do they give anything to you. If they do, be sure that the software is unreliable in today's operating systems. I have seen that CS2 runs ok at least in Win7.
Comment: It also runs well in Mac OS.


Did Paul hear Jesus teach in person?

Question: Did Paul (Saul) hear Jesus teach? I base this on his being approximately the same age and being taught by Gamaliel in Jerusalem during the time of Christ's ministry. A Jewish source mentioned that followers of specific Rabbis were sent out to listen to itinerant teachers to strengthen their understanding of Torah by comparing the teachings.
 I can't remember where I read he may have been an early follower but left when Christ's teachings became hard.
 To me this in part would explain his extreme reaction to the earliest Christians and why he was so aggressive in the discipline of the Christians.
Comment: The reason this question was put on hold is that we simply don't know.  It's obviously possible that he could have heard Jesus teach in person, and perhaps (*perhaps*) we can assume that his devotion against Christians suggests he did.  But there's another argument that suggests his conversion by vision is proof he did not or he would have converted listening to the word from the Master in life.  But this is all supposition.  That's the problem.  Nobody knows because there is no record (that we know of).
Answer: To a certain extent you answer your own question.
Saul (in his own testimony) claims an unassailable Jewish lineage(Eph 3:4-6).  His devotion to the Jewish faith motivated him to repress what he perceived to be the ultimate heresy.  The Bible records that he was present at the stoning of Stephen; this would have been sometime after the formation of the early Church.  He would also have been a contemporary of the disciples themselves,  therefore it is reasonable to assume that a teacher of Judaism would be careful to not respond to hearsay about Jesus's message and teachings.
He, in all probability, did hear Jesus firsthand, but as the Bible does not specifically state this, it remains a hypothetical question with the only answer being: unknown.
Comment: I don't see your argument here. It's hard to imagine that every single Pharisee would have felt the need to check out Jesus' teachings in person, rather than rely on the reports of others. Did Caiaphas himself go to hear Jesus? I don't think so.
Comment: Robert, I broke up your answer into easier to read format.  I also edited it for content since some of what your wrote didn't tie together.  Please review the edit and correct any errors I may have made as I tried to render this answer into easy-to-understand prose.  Welcome to Christianity.SE.  Please take the [tour] and visit the [help] to get an idea for how this Q&A format works best.
Comment: Thank you for answering, I've been pondering this for awhile and just couldn't quite get a handle on it. I appreciate the input - even if it is opinion based. When someone who loves research gives me an opinion it at least is based in long time research around the subject. So again thanks.

Did Paul hear Jesus teach in person?


Standard way of getting a bit pattern of all ones

Question: Is there a strictly conforming way to get a bit-pattern of all ones for an integer in C, without relying on implementation-defined behavior?
On many architectures I can expect -1 and the UINT_MAX family to give such a bit pattern; how portable is this assumption?
Comment: What about the complement of zero? I.e. `~0`?
Answer: Extremely portable. The C23 standard disallows integer representations that are not 2's complement, so then it will be guaranteed portable.
~0 or ~0U should always work.