Need a little help with a Chinese tesla coil

Question:

I bought a little tesla coil kit that can play music. I soldered it all up, and a friend of mine distracted me at the last second when I was hooking it up...
I blew the original "BD243" transistor up on accident, at this point, by mixing up positive and negative leads while using a laptop power supply (rated at 19v by 3.8Amps).
I replaced it with a tip31ag transistor.  It has 30% less gain, and I assumed that it would just throw slightly weaker sparks; it however barely mak3s a spark more than a few millimeters when fully amplified by my sound equipment.
I am just looking for some advice to amplify it more. The schematic says that the primary is 1 wrap, and the secondary  is 350. I would like to make it better. Any help would be great. I can take extra pictures if needed.
I have so many extra components. I can make do; if I have to desolder some old stuff lying around, then so be it.
       Any help is appreciated.
Comment: The tip31ag can do only half (3A) of the current of the bd243 (6A). That sounds like your problem.
Answer: The BD243 transistor is chosen carefully for this application of boosting voltage by driving the collector hard with gain.  The product of the gain and max current or \$\dfrac{Ic^2_{max}}{I_b}=h_{FE_{Min}}*I_c=15*6=90A\$  for BD243
(This is just a Figure of Merit FOM, not actual current )
THe other critical metrics or FOMs are; \$R_{ce} , f_t, V_{ceo}, Pd\$
The Rce=Vce(sat)/Isat of the transistor and supply voltage is what limits the Pd=Vce(sat)²/Rce  @ Ic when the base is driven hard (Ic/hFE(min) to saturate. Consult graphs in datasheets for these.
Any replacement ought to meet or exceed these FOM's
Stock and cheap at Digikey
Match these characterisitics from this list for above product and Vceo or buy the same or better part.  The Ft toggle speed is also critical as the rate of change of current is a gain factor for producing voltage. V=LdI/dt

If the part doesn't get warm, you can always raise the supply voltage carefully.
Comment: What's your problem?   reading specs?
Comment: Get the same part at Digikey or MOuser or RS , what's the problem. cheap and lots in stock  ( DK link in answer )


Javascript Object - Key beginning with number, allowed?

Question: Is this allowed?
myObj = {};
myObj['4a56546s6d']

Or the key must start with a letter like:
myObj = {};
myObj['x4a56546s6d']

Can I mix both like:
myObj = {};
myObj['x4a56546s6d']
myObj['4a56546s6d']

I ask that because somethings (for example an ID in HTML) must begin with a letter. I have at the moment the third version and the fireBug marks the keys (beginning with a number) blue.
Comment: If it wasn't allowed, you'd get an error.
Answer: You can use any key if you use [string] to access the key, even key with space. All of these are valid:
myObj['key with space']
myObj['12345']

But if you want to use dot . operator to access the key then the key must be a valid identifier which means they can not begin with a number or contain space.
Answer: By dot operator you can get access to values from keys which not contains either space's or special characters, words starting from number( that is, those that can't be used as  eg variable names) otherwise you can get any reffering to them like as   keys in associative array.
You can use as key as everything you want but remember the key will be a string representation of what you put in. Clarifying - will be called toString().
Look:
 var myObj = {};

 myObj[ 3 ] = "key is 3";
 alert( myObj[ "3" ] ); //alerts "key is 3" because (3).toString() is "3"
 //but an error will thrown  when accessing  by myObj.3

 myObj[ {} ] = "key is {}"
 alert( myObj["[object Object]"] ) // alerts "key is {}" because ({}).toString() is "[object Object]"

You can override toString() method , eg:
Object.prototype.toString = function(){ return "object"}

a = {};
a[ {} ] = "whatever";
alert( a["object"] ); // alerts "whatever" because as now toString() returns "object" from each created object

Comment: Very illustrative examples, +1. But kids, don't override `Object.prototype` methods at home. It's too dangerous.
Answer: See this page: https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Core_JavaScript_1.5_Guide/Core_Language_Features#Variables

A JavaScript identifier must start with a letter, underscore (_), or dollar sign ($); subsequent characters can also be digits (0-9). Because JavaScript is case sensitive, letters include the characters "A" through "Z" (uppercase) and the characters "a" through "z" (lowercase).

You can use it that way, but you won't be able to access the data by using myObj.4a56546s6d because starting an identifier with a number is not allowed.
Answer: If your key (property name) is a string literal it's perfectly valid to have a digit as its first character.
See answers for this question for more information about valid keys in JS.


What "Curse" Is the Nazar Talking About?

Question: I found a Nazar in the Skeletron dungeon. I am not sure WHAT curse it is talking about.
Comment: As a side note, the Nazar is a rare drop in a hard biome that you need to craft the "[Ankh shield](http://terraria.gamepedia.com/Ankh_Shield)" which is extremely useful later on in the game. So hold on to that Nazar and count yourself lucky!
Answer: A Nazar prevents a debuff called Cursed, which you get when specific enemies hit you.
The Cursed debuff prevents you from using your inventory (weapons, potions, anything), so it's highly annoying and, if combined with bad timing, occasionally lethal.  It doesn't last that long but that's still many seconds where you are effectively a sitting duck, or if you're smart, a moving target.  Luckily it's only applied by a few different creatures (Cursed Skull in the dungeon is one), and most of them have a minor chance to drop that Nazar.
Answer: Nazar is the equip item that prevents curse.
Curse is a debuff that prevents the user from using inventory items, the debuff is caused by a Cursed Skull or Cursed Dragon Skull. Both are common in Normal mode, and hard mode if you have not beaten Plantera yet. If you are trying to make the Ankh Charm it is highly recommended that you do so before defeating Plantera.


MobaXTerm : How to change mouse scroll in to terminal screen scroll up/down?

Question: The default behavior is history commands scrolling.
Any way to change it?
Answer: I believe if you hold Shift down it will scroll the output and not simply cycle through command history.
Comment: If you're not sure, you should leave a comment for OP to verify. If it turns out to be helpful you can leave a full answer for OP to accept.
Answer: This is not a default behaviour and cannot be configured using the UI / settings dialogue. You have to manually edit the ini-file.

Close MobaXTerm, otherwise changes to the ini-file will be overwritten
find the documents inside your user folder and got to the folder named MobaXterm
open the file named MobaXterm.ini with a text editor
look for the section called [Misc]
in this section add a line like this:
ScrollMod=alt

Chosse a parameter that suits your needs: alt | ctrl | shift

open MobXTerm again and scroll the window holding down the selected control key

see MobaXTerm-documentation here:
https://blog.mobatek.net/post/mobaxterm-configuration-settings/
But heads up. This will probably still cause problems inside a screen session. You can fix this quick by pressing Ctrl + A and Esc or edit your .screenrc as described here:

termcapinfo xterm* ti@:te@ In tmux, it'd be something like
  (.tmux.conf):
set -g terminal-overrides 'xterm*:smcup@:rmcup@'
Comment: Works well, but not in tmux


Can a macroscopic object decohere by itself (even when it would be somehow completely isolated) or does it need an environment?

Question: Is there such a thing as self decoherence? What I Mean is, I've read that because macroscopic objects (like billiard bals) interact with their environment they decohere and can't be found in a Superposition. But wouldn't the particles interacting with themselves within the object be enough? So that even when the object would have been isolated from it's Environment it still would decohere.
Comment: There really seem to be two questions here. (1) Does "self-decoherence" prevent us from observing interference of macroscopic objects? (2) Is there some other reason why we can never observe such interference? Some of the answers seem to be not carefully distinguishing these. I think the answer to 1 is no, while the answer to 2 is yes (short wavelengths, inability to prepare the state properly).
Answer: In practical terms your intuition is correct: a macroscopic object will decohere itself in the sense that it will not be possible in practice to control all the degrees of freedom sufficiently well to perform interference experiments with such an object. So in this sense Schrodinger's cat is unambiguously either alive or dead before anyone opens the box. That is, all subsequent physical phenomena are consistent with the statement "the cat is either alive, or dead, not in a superposition"
and the act of opening the box is entirely irrelevant.
But this area of quantum theory, called the measurement problem, is concerned more with what may be the case in principle---might it be possible, in principle, that the patterns of nature (called laws of physics if you like) allow that macroscopic objects show interference effects? The answer to this question will depend on what is the nature of a more complete theory than the one we have now. This is because when the objects in question are large enough, one will have to account for gravitational effects along with all the other effects. It is not yet clear what is the right theory or what would be the nature of the mapping between the mathematical and physical statements of such a theory.
It may be that the interpretation problem will persist.
The interpretation problem is, roughly speaking, the difference between a single-world and many-worlds interpretation. Faced with the same mathematical statements, some people draw the inference that there is one world (the one we observe) and some people draw the inference that there are many worlds---not just the one we observe but also a vast and ever-doubling collection of further worlds which do not have any physical effect on the one we observe. The first of these two positions is logically allowable if and only if there are processes in the universe which never get reversed. People holding a many-worlds view tend to say that all processes are in principle reversible. They might say, for example, that even the biochemistry of a cat proceeds by interactions which could in principle be reversed so as to reverse the death of a cat. I think we do not know physics well enough to be able to claim that with any confidence.
Added not after some comments
I see that some capable physicists have expressed doubt over whether the above is corrrect. I am therefore adding some further information.
An ordinary billiard ball has a mass of about 160 grams. The gravitational interaction energy of two such balls at $10\;$cm separation is $\Delta V = 1.7 \times 10^{11}$ J. If we suppose one ball is fixed and the other is propelled on a trajectory that would result in a superposition of two different locations separated by of order 10 cm, then the gravitational interaction would develop a phase difference between those two parts which reached $\pi$ after a time $t \simeq \hbar \pi/\Delta V = 2 \times 10^{-23}$ s. Therefore for timescales of this order or larger, the gravitational part of the interaction is non-negligible. It follows that the correct physical description must be one that incorporates both quantum mechanics and gravitation. We do not yet have a theoretical framework that is sufficiently well-established to do that. So I believe the second paragraph which I wrote above is quite correct, and it is incorrect to state that our current state of knowledge of physics is sufficient to make any confident claim about the coherence or otherwise of the motion of two such billiard balls.
Some people want to treat this scenario "under conventional quantum theory" and thus provide an answer. But what quantum theory is being employed? Is it ordinary quantum physics on a smooth space-time background? But how do we know that is right? Isn't it better to be aware of the limits of our understanding, and draw them to our attention?
There is also a difficulty with assuming unitary behaviour for macroscopic objects even in the absence of gravitational effects, because it amounts to assuming a degree of precision and correctness of a theory at a level very far beyond the one at which it has ever been tested. There is a vast parameter range for spontaneous collapse models, for example, which has not yet been ruled out experimentally.
If one thinks that billiard balls behave just like single atoms or fullerene molecules, except with more energy etc., then, yes, on such a model their coherence would be preserved (while evolving very quickly). If that is all the questioner was asking, then this is the answer. But the whole point of the questions in this area of physics is to raise a question-mark over such an assumption, and to point out that we do not know it to be true.
I don't know what the original questioner was chiefly asking about, but I think an element of it may have been an intuition that macroscopic objects such as billiard balls and cats can themselves amount to physical systems whose evolution constitutes a form of "measurement", and perhaps unitary evolution is not the whole story about the physical world. Such an intuition is correctly drawing our attention to a pertinent question to which we do not, in our present state of knowledge, know the answer.
Comment: My understanding of the OP's question was "hypothetically, if a billiard ball were perfectly isolated from the external universe could it remain in a pure state, or would INTERNAL forces destroy its coherence". The answer to this question should surely be "It would stay in a pure state, internal forces cannot cause decoherence." I think your answer could be improved by clarifying this right at the beginning, before the discussions of practicalities and quantum interpretations.
Comment: @Dast I see what you mean, but as a practical matter one can find decoherence here by two types of calculation. Using a "trace over environment" approach, any small part of a large thing can act as "environment" for the rest. Using a "average over detection-time" approach, the coherence phases will be evolving faster than any realistic detector.
Comment: No the cat is not unambiguously dead or alive before anyone opens the box. Not according to the standard theory anyway. It does probably have a diagonal density matrix though which means it won't be doing spooky things inside the box. In other words it will be in a state that can be represented as a superposition of classical states.
Comment: @AndrewSteane I agree completely with your answer's content. You are saying that if your super-quantum detector includes all the billiard ball's degrees of freedom except, say, the nuclear spins of its atoms then they will decohere the rest of it. I was trying to say that I think clearly answering for the idealised, hypothetical, case before moving into practicalities would have been preferable.
Comment: Thomas Banks wrote 'a macroscopic apparatus of modest size serves as its own "environment" (....l there is no reason to suppose that a modestly macroscopic apparatus, surrounded by a huge region of vacuum, with the latter protected from external penetrating radiation by thousands of meters of lead, would behave differently over actual experimental time scales, than an identical piece of machinery in the labaratory' https://pitp.phas.ubc.ca/confs/7pines2010/individualreadings/12-banks.pdf  do you agree with this?
Comment: @gerrituitdenhagen I have not read the paper but I agree with the statement you quote.
Answer: Under (conventional) quantum theory their is no such thing as "self decoherence".
So the billiard ball, if it were fully isolated from the outside universe, would remain in a coherent (pure) state indefinitely. (In practice this could never happen. Even if placed in a perfect vacuum empty of any light the billiard ball could still decohere if it was at a finite temperature - by emitting a photon).
Some people have proposed that sufficiently heavy objects might decohere themselves through gravity, but this is a highly speculative minority opinion.

The only large object we know about that is completely isolated is the Universe itself (what else could it interact with?). In principle, the universe itself could be in a coherent state.
Comment: This seems to me like the only right answer so far. The main paper where I learned about this topic was Joos and Zeh, "The emergence of classical properties through interaction with the environment," Z Phys B 59 (1985) 223. In that paper, they discuss a model involving a molecule bombarded by photons. They derive a decoherence rate $\Lambda$, which is proportional to the number density of the photons. If you set the density of photons to zero, you get no decoherence.
Comment: If the billiard ball were warm it would radiate photons into its environment. The total state of the photons and the ball together would still be a Superposition state, but if you ignore (the technical term is "trace out") the photons then the billiard ball is in a classical state (technical term, "mixed state"). In quantum physics things act like they are classical objects whenever they are entangled with other stuff we cannot access or do not care about. This is why big things act classical, they are "too big to hide" so to speak so invariably end up entangled with something somewhere.
Comment: @BenCrowell I see you found my answer not right. I have extended it (without modifying the existing part). I would be interested to know whether, on second thoughts, you found it to be right after all.
Answer: That is a really good question, and your intuition is largely correct.
If the macroscopic object is very small, like a buckyball or a small protein molecule, and if it is chilled to almost absolute zero so that it effectively only contains enough energy to be in its lowest possible energy state, and if its spin axis is oriented in a precisely predetermined direction (and so on); and then if it is completely isolated from its environment, then it will remain in its original quantum state.  That is, its quantum state will remain coherent.
BUT, if the object does not start out in its lowest possible energy state it will actually coexist in a mixture of possible quantum states.   Then things get more interesting.  If the molecules in a classical container full of gas start in an arbitrary mix of kinetic energies, the gas will quickly redistribute the kinetic energies to the highest-entropy mix: the "thermal equilibribium distribution".
If a complex isolated quantum object has "excess energy" - that is, if it is in an energy state higher than its lowest possible state, it will be in a mixed state.  The mixed quantum state (the "wavefunction") of the object typically will change on its own. That is, the mixture of states will change, though the set of available quantum states will not change.  Another way to say it is that the probability that the object will be found in a particular state if the state is measured will change.  At the end point of the evolution of the object's wavefunction, it will be in the highest entropy condition very much like the molecules in a gas if we think of each molecule in the gas as being analogous to one of the possible states of the isolated object molecule.  The wavefunction evolves, so the likelihood that the object will be observed to be in any particular state when measured changes over time until it reaches that highest entropy mixture of states. In other words, its mixed state will "decohere" until that highest-entropy mixed state is reached.
Note that "isolated from its environment" is very difficult to achieve and a bit messy to define.  If an object changes from one energy state to another, it will emit (or absorb) EM radiation.  One way to think of it is that if the object is above absolute zero, it is like a black body: it's "warm", so it emits thermal radiation with a characteristic temperature-dependent spectrum. If we consider the thermal radiation to be part of the object, then the container needs to reflect that thermal radiation back into the container with 100% efficiency. It forms a "photon gas" that builds up until it reaches equilibrium with the object, with photons being absorbed and emitted continuously but the quantity and distribution of photons of each wavelength adding up to a black-body spectrum.  Its state at that point could be said to be- and remain thereafter- coherent.
If the object's emissions are not reflected back, then energy is inevitably lost, so eventually ("eventually" could mean trillions of years!) the object will cool down to its lowest possible energy state- regardless of what state it starts in.  It will then stay in that state until the end of time: it will remain coherent.
Comment: Maybe I'm not understanding you properly, but this doesn't seem quite right to me. You seem to be talking about decoherence and thermal equilibrium as if they're the same thing, but they're not. Decoherence has to be stated in terms of some preferred basis -- if you don't pick a basis, then you can't define whether the density matrix is diagonal. What normally determines this preferred basis is the nature of the interaction with the outside world, e.g., if the interaction is one that occurs at a point, then the x basis. In the absence of such an interaction, what determines the basis?
Comment: In your second paragraph you write "...redistribute the kinetic energies to the lowest entropy mix...", should this read _highest_ entropy?
Comment: Of course you're right-- thanks for catching it.  It's now fixed.
Comment: No, thermal equilibrium and coherence aren't the same.  But *while a mixed state is evolving* toward thermal equilibrium, which it will do if it can, it can't really be considered coherent.  At least that's true if my understanding of "coherence" is correct: that a coherent quantum state is one for which measurement outcome is predictable in a fairly strong sense.  E.g., set it up in an initial state, and you can be sure it's still in the same state at a later time if that time is less than the coherence time.
Answer: Consider double-slit interference of large molecules. The molecules are in superposition since they interfere. But we do not record broken molecules in the experiment, which means they interfere as whole molecules. Now there is no external source (environment) for decoherence, else the molecules would not interfere. So we can see that, even in the absence of an environment, a large molecule keeps its structural integrity, which seems to mean, if you see the molecule itself as a quantum system, that it decoheres by itself.
Answer: "Dechorence" tends to involve two ideas. One is interaction with the environment and the second is the interaction making the original system a superposition of classical states, or in more technical terms, a state that can be represented by a diagonal density matrix. A complex object isolated from the environment won't interact with the environment by definition but its self interactions will tend to put it into a diagonal density matrix type of state. An example may make this clearer. We do a Schrödinger's cat experiment but we also put a partition in the box made of plywood say. The cat is in the left half. We will (with almost 100% probability) end up with a superposition of a dead and alive cat in the left half of the box. We are vanishingly unlikely (though it is still possible) to find that the cat has quantum tunnelled across the plywood barrier. This is the distinction. I refer you to Max Tegmark's excellent book The Mathematical Universe chapter 8 for a very good clear explanation of all this.
Comment: I don't like Max Tegmark's work. I find he likes to wow people with crazy untestable theories, for the sake of it. I don't know what quantum tunneling has to do with this.
Comment: This is my example not Tegmark's and the part of that book I'm referring to contains no crazy untestable theories (other parts do but they are clearly signposted). The reason I included tunnelling was to demonstrate that in a way things are "decohering" inside the box even if it has no interaction with the environment.


Formula of what substance is shown in the clip Disappointed by Electronic?

Question: I'd like to know the substance (if any) the model of which is shown in the clip Disappointed by Electronic.
The following screenshot is taken from the video electronicofficial —
Electronic - Disappointed (YouTube):
Comment: Just a cartoon.
Comment: Disappointed, @AChem, thought that maybe they were trying to convey some hidden meaning )
Comment: Blue is an oxygen atom; red is a carbon atom; green is a hydrogen atom. It is a cyclohexane ring where 4 carbon atoms are connected to 1 H and 1 OH. The two remaining carbon atoms are difficult to understand. One carbon atom is not connected to any atom out of the ring.(which is absurd). And the last carbon atom is connected to a group looking like -OH-OH (which is also absurd).
Comment: Thanks, @Maurice, oh,oh may be just an encoding for a sad interjection ?
Answer: I did a structure search within CCDC 2016 database (should be good enough for the 1992 video) for the connectivity graph with complete disregard of the used color scheme:

Here, X stands for any atom of the periodic table and T1 to T4 refer to the number of bonded atoms for each X.
The only molecule that comes up is glucose alongsode with related aldohexose stereoisomers (allose, galactose, mannose, talopyranose, talose and more).
I wouldn't try to pick the correct stereoisomer since the structure is being unrealistically bent and mirrored virtually all the time.
I tried my best to align the real glucose structure (for example, CCDC 1500503) to match the one from your screenshot:

I'm fairly certain the color code for atoms is meaningless and was an arbitrary artistic choice.
There are several atoms that give this away (labeled with yellow arrows).
The green color for terminal atoms holds pretty well for hydrogen atoms, but the single red bridging atom having only two neighbors cannot be assigned for carbon (this would imply linearity of $\ce{C=C=C}$ fragment).
The two blue atoms connected with each other have vastly different environments and hardly can be assigned to a meaningful functional group (at least in organic chemistry).


Log the user out of system or log out the user from the system

Question: I was working on a user manual and I want to write that a particular action would result in user being logged out of the system. I'm wondering whether the sentence should be "The action would log the user out of the system" or "the action would log out the user from the system".
Comment: Actually it's the other way round. The title is wrong, the body is correct. *Logout* is the noun. The verb is *log out*.
Comment: "The action would log the user out of the system" is fine, though in a technical context, it sounds awkward. Alt: The title correctly uses the word *logout* whereas in the body you have used the phrase *log out*. "The action would logout the user from the system." is fine, not *lot out*.
Comment: @RegDwigHt: edited the title accordingly.
Comment: Related: [the placement of prepositions in phrasal verbs](http://english.stackexchange.com/questions/111839/the-placement-of-prepositions-in-phrasal-verbs)
Comment: The phrasal verb _log out_ might not be of the same type in the two given sentences, so both sentences might happen to be acceptable. [This](http://is.muni.cz/th/109217/ff_m/MA_THESIS_FINAL.pdf) master's thesis, which delves into phrasal verbs pretty deep, _should_ find some of the ELU users tickled enough to want to dignify this question with a proper answer, perhaps after some additional research. I'd like to be the one, but I don't have the time. At least not today nor tomorrow.
Answer:
The action would log the user out of the system

reads well (assuming "the action" is clear from the context) and I don't think it is particularly awkward.

The action would log out the user from the system

does not look right to me. To illustrate the point, consider this parallel construction:

The fence will keep the fox out of the henhouse.
The fence will keep out the fox from the henhouse.

The first line reads well but the second line does not.
This question might be helpful -- it is a discussion of variations of login and log in.
Grammatically, "log out" is a phrasal verb. Paul Brians' excellent Common Errors in English Usage has a detailed description and many examples.
Also (and I realize this part is not really an answer), you could consider rephrasing the sentence to avoid awkwardness. For example, it might be possible to say something like "The action would terminate the user session" or something like that.


Fixed points for action of finite group acting on Noetherian ring is a local Noetherian ring

Question: Let $R$ be a local Noetherian ring which contains the field $\mathbb{Q}$ of rational numbers, let $G$ be a finite group acting on $R$, and let $R^G \subseteq R$ be the fixed points for the action of $G$. How do I see that $R^G$ is also a local Noetherian ring, which is Cohen-Macaulay if $R$ is Cohen-Macaulay?
Comment: The map $R^G \subseteq R$ is finite and so it follows that $R$ local implies that $R^G$ local. The rest is then the content of the Hochster-Roberts Theorem.
Comment: I don't understand the question. Are you not assuming that $R$ is local? In that case, take $G$ to be trivial...
Comment: @QiaochuYuan ah sorry my bad, you're right. Fixed.
Answer: In general, the ring of invariants of a finite group acting on a Noetherian ring need not be Noetherian. Counterexamples were given by Nagata. But if $|G|$ is inverible in $R$, as in your case, then $R^G$ is indeed Noetherian. See for example "Nagata, Masayoshi: Some questions on rational actions of groups". Moreover, under these circumstances if $R$ is CM then also $R^G$ is CM (Hochster-Eagon Theorem, see Prop. 12 of "Hochster-Eagon: Cohen-Macaulay Rings, Invariant Theory, and the Generic Perfection of Determinantal Loci".


microphone to a microcontroller. very simple

Question: I want to take a microphone and send it to a micro controller.  I then want that microcontroller to evaluate if the audio is above a set db reading and then send a yes or no single to turn on a light.  I need help setting up my circuit. I have never used a microcontroller or a microphone, any extra info would be great.  Thank you.
Comment: You don't need a microcontroller for this unless you have some unstated complex logic to apply. Research comparator circuits. That should set you on the right path.
Comment: A MCU is probably overkill for this.
Comment: I don't think microcontrollers have postal facilities, so I am not sure how you would send a microphone to one. In all seriousness though a lot more information is needed about what microphone, what microcontroller, etc. LEDs aren't controlled by Yes or No, they can however be controlled by a digital output with a voltage signal.
Comment: All i'm insteresting is reproducing this.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CwU6rvMSN8o  The lights don't matter, in the end I want play with the 'on until loud sound' marked line.  I am tryign to do this a cheaply as possible as well.  So they used a microcontroller I assumed I would do the same.
Comment: You would connect the microphone input to an ADC channel of a microcontroller. Sample the input at frequency as required (probably 8khz or more for voice), then process the digitized stream. A microcontroller is probably the lowest part count method and also let you control the triggering profile easily.
Answer: What microphone are you using? What microcontroller? What is your sound source? We are going to need that information to help you build an actual circuit that you can use for this application. As some of the comments said, this doesn't have to be done with a microcontroller, but it will probably make things easier to understand starting off.
As a general idea, your microphone on its own might not have enough of a voltage swing for you to read it directly into the ADC of a uC. You'll want to use an op-amp to amplify the signal coming out of the microphone (you might need to bias the mic as well, depending on specifics of what you're working with). Once you read in the output of the amp in your ADC, your program can decide whether or not to turn on the LED.
If you want to do it without a microcontroller, you could send the output of the microphone amplifier into a comparator and use a potentiometer to adjust when the comparator triggers high, driving an LED. This gives you a physical way of adjusting how loud the sound needs to be before the LED turns on, which is a pretty neat experiment to start off doing as well.
Comment: Honestly I haven't been able to pick a microphone.  I was going to use the cheapest microphone.  I like your idea of using a comparator and a potentiometer.  I am still researching both things.  I like the idea of being able to adjust how loud the sound needs to be before the LED turns on.  My next step is to design the circuit and figure out my power needs and circuit design.  If you have any input that would my research that would also great.  Thank you!
Comment: Can you give additional details on the type of sound source you're trying to listen to? Is it music, or just a simple tone? Do you want the LED to simply turn on when it's above a threshold, or do you want it to stay on once the threshold had been reached?


Forcing blue to go with red

Question: I am using a reddish pink as a background #ec4f48. The client needs a blue that goes well with this background. I am currently using #00b2de. However, it is not blending in with the red like other colors like #fecb00. Does anyone have any suggestions for a color that would go well?
Comment: eh... Although I do lots of coding for food, I'm still not very adept at visualising hex colour codes :). In other words: do you have a pic of the two colours? Thanks!
Comment: @RandyJones thanks. abbott567 nailed it exactly with his answer. His idea of reducing the saturation fitted perfectly....
Answer: Red and Blue are both primary colours, which means they clash if their intensities are too similar.
If you must make them work together, then you need to zap some of that intensity out. The less saturated they are the less they will give you that fuzzy nausea feeling when you look at it.
Orange is naturally a complimentary colour to blue, so you could move your red in that direction. However if it must be #ec4f48 then you will have more luck taking the saturation out of the blue.
If you use something like #6fd2ea you will already see it starting to blend better.

Forcing blue to go with red


SharePoint 2010 FAST Search: Displaying records a user does not have access to

Question: First of all, I know the title sounds strange, but it is a valid and qualified requirement we have from one of our customers. What we hope to do is to show them just the record name and location (read only) of all records that were not displayed in their search results due to no access.
<code>public class VisualWebPart1 : Microsoft.Office.Server.Search.WebControls.CoreResultsWebPart
{
    protected override void ConfigureDataSourceProperties()
    {
        base.ConfigureDataSourceProperties();

        CoreResultsDatasource ds = DataSource as CoreResultsDatasource;

        if (ds.UserCredentials.ContainsKey(ds.Location))
            ds.UserCredentials.Remove(ds.Location);

        ds.UserCredentials.Add(ds.Location, new NetworkCredential("user", "password", "domain"));
    }
}
</code>
Now, the first way we wanted to do this was by calling the FAST search web service directly using the search API. However, we wanted this to work seamlessly with the existing fast search centre, i.e. they can still use the existing search box, advanced search, etc. As we understand it, the API may not integrate well with URL based search queries unless we convert the query to FQL. We would rather not go down this path if there is an alternative such as the below;
We had an idea to extend the CoreResultsWebPart component to simply elevate the users privilages to an admin account temporarily while the search is executed. After decompiling and looking at the code for CoreResultsWebPart, I thought this would be super easy with the following code;
However, we were mistaken, this doesn't work at all. It's strange as looking through the code for CoreResultsWebPart, I don't see any other access control mechanism, what I mean is, I don't see anywhere where the user credentials are being handled except here in the data source (UserCredentials.) I'm sure the CoreResultsWebpart must be making a direct call to the web service but I have no idea where else the credentials are passed.
Any help would be greatly appreciated before we start looking at simply creating a custom web part. Even if it's to tell me we're on the wrong path!
Thanks!
Adrian
Answer: IF your RunWithElevatedPrivileges isn't passing the user token for the System Account you might want to attempt a WindowsIdentity impersonation similar to the link, you would have to have a fixed user/password for the searches but this is usually what you have to fallback to when talking about code impersonation.


How to re-build intimacy with romantic partner

Question: Me and my wife have been married for almost 5 years and together for 7. We are both relatively young, she is still in her twenties.
The past year or so, I have not acknowledged her very much. I have done my own thing mostly without consideration for her. She tried to make an effort during this time to maintain a healthy relationship with me, but most of the time, I responded with anger / irritability.
Although it's taken quite some time, I now realize I would like to make an effort to re-build the relationship back to a healthy one. Problem is, she now says that she is not interested, after being disheartened so many times already.
Now she won't spend time with me, even if I ask her to eat dinner with me, she would rather just watch TV by herself, go out with friends and basically be without me. She says that she is 'not sure' if she is interested in salvaging the marriage anymore.
I love her very much and would like to try to save the marriage, but she doesn't trust that my efforts will be maintained and that I mean what I say. So my question is, how can I convince her to join me in making an effort to make things work out?
Comment: Counselling would be more useful than our 2¢. This took over a year to get into this state, we can't *fix* it in an hour or two.
Comment: @apaul Could you recommend me a specific book please?
Comment: @Cloud - We are happy that you have some progress towards a solution. Hopefully this counsellor is aware of your feelings on this and the resolution that you are hoping for. I can't help but think that if you attended one session it would be useful, if only to give your input. With solo counseling there's always a chance that one person's viewpoint won't accurately portray all the facts.
Comment: Although I feel for you, I've certainly been where you are, this is way too broad to be answered well in this format. This is the sort of thing entire libraries of books have been written about and an entire branch of psychology is dedicated to.
Comment: @Rob She is attending solo counselling, but doesn't want to do marriage counselling.
Answer: I think you are realizing the wrong thing.  You realize that you need to rebuild the relationship but should state that you realize that you messed up pretty badly.  That's the first step in rebuilding this.  I've had a somewhat similar issue: my sleep apnea was undiagnosed for a long time.  As a result, I was pretty crabby and volatile around her.
She's obviously hurting.  The important thing here is to recognize the hurt that you have caused and start dealing with that.  You are starting the right thing - spending time with her.
If you haven't already, there needs to be a very frank discussion between the two of you.  That needs to start with the basic question: are you both interested in salvaging this marriage?  She needs to hear how you truly feel and how your actions don't show your feelings.  I say this because that's where you are at right now.  You've driven her off, and she's accepted that.  Now your question is: can she be invited back, or has she resigned her position?
After that, the first thing is to show her that things have changed, how they have changed, why they have changed, and how they have changed permanently.  I'd guess that part of her challenge is wondering how she knows for a fact that you won't respond with anger again.  That's going to take longer than you took to lose your status.  It will need to be done slowly, cautiously, and with regard to her feelings.  That can consist of being pleasant around her, spending time with her on her activities, and (gently) trying to work yourself back into her life.
In essence, you most likely need to start over.  How did you woo her?  How did you prove to her that she was important to you?  What did you do together?  Spend time with those, and don't quit doing them this time around.  Show genuine interest in her and help her to grow as a person.
It can be done, but you have a large challenge ahead of you.
Edit in response to edit (and other thoughts)
If she's not sure, there's still hope.  At this point, you'd really benefit from a third party, such as a marriage counselor, pastor, or marriage and family therapist.  These people are trained to help people who are struggling but want to save their marriage.  They can help you with exercises to change the dynamic at play here.
Comment: Thanks, I edited the question to include some additional info though: She says that she is 'not sure' if she is interested in salvaging the marriage anymore
Answer: Its your turn to understand and manage her moods and tantrums.
Marriage is the mutual kind of understanding. The partners should understand each other. If one partner is down/angree/sad then other partner should manage the situation and vice a versa. There are up and down situations generally arise and it happens.
Here, in your case, when she was trying to make healthy relationship with you then you have not behaved properly with her. You have ignored her. So, at that time she was managing the situation. Now, the situation have become opposite. Now, its your turn to understand and manage her moods and tantrums.
You have to convince her by using not only good words but also act nicely which she would like.
So, you can try following things. I know she is not giving time to you because she got hurt so much. But just follow her and take her time.

Ask her to give one chance to settle down the issue.
This matter requires some time. Time is the best healer.
During this time, do the things which she likes the most.
Cook the favorite dish for her.
Make list of her favorite things.
Give her some gifts which is affordable to you.
Help her to do the daily activities (but be patient so that you
should not loose your own temper)
After doing all these above things, just ask her for outing. Go with
her to some wonderful place.
Divert her mind to some intersting and comedy talk which will make
her laugh.

These points at least give your mind comfort that you have tried all the things for her. Surely, it will be considerable from her side.
Otherwise, If above points will not work then (I don't know your country or culture) you both can take the expert advice i.e. your parents or her parents, elders or family members.


SEO Optimized image only links

Question: In a website I'm developing the client wishes to use certain icons as links to different sections of their site. I'm currently working on Search Engine Optimization and would like to still provide text inside the  tags without the text being visible. This would let the Search engine index the links. I've read somewhere that using a text-indentation CSS hack actually hurts your Google Search Ranking however I have no proof of this. Is it safe to use a text-indent CSS hack to hide this text or is there a more SEO friendly way of providing image only links with hidden text content?
Answer: Putting keywords in hidden text is not something you should do. Google (and other search engines) will think you're trying to trick them and hurt your rankings. If you have important images that could use some text, use the IMG "alt" attribute.
Comment: If the text is relevant & non-spammy, then using CSS `text-indent` won't necessarily draw the ire of search engines - these techniques - while not "best practice" - are common enough to use with good intent. However, I concur that use of alt attributes is the recommended approach and will provide the appropriate SEO value.
Comment: What about when you are using background images for the elements? They aren't inline `` tags..
Answer: Anchor tag :
Google crawler doesn't see that you have moved text away from visible part of the page, it can still find out the text that you have hidden with text-indent. This shouldn't hurt the SEO.
I would suggest you :
use an image tag and put the text inside its alt attribute.
Only for H1 tag : Hiding text through CSS is against Google's TOS.
Your H1 should tell your users what your page is about, if you have to hide it for whatever reason, there may be something wrong with your design.

SEO Optimized image only links


Capitalization for "Federal"

Question: I'm writing an article for publication and I want to capitalize the following sentence appropriately.  "You need to know that Federal law bars the lender from accelerating the mortgage on your personal residence because you transferred it to your living revocable trust."  Is the appropriate capitalization "Federal law" or "Federal Law" or "federal law"?
Answer: The Associated Press Stylebook has this entry for federal:

Use a capital letter for the architectural style and for corporate or governmental bodies that use the word as part of their formal names: Federal Express, the Federal Trade Commission.
Lowercase when used as an adjective to distinguish something from state, county, city, town or private entities: federal assistance, federal court, the federal government, a federal judge.

So, if you are following AP style, your sentence would be:

You need to know that federal law bars the lender from accelerating the mortgage on your personal residence because you transferred it to your living revocable trust.
Answer: The Federal Government has a website entry on this topic.
http://www.plainlanguage.gov/howto/quickreference/dash/dashfederal.cfm
It says:

This question comes up rather frequently. For some reason, many people think the word federal always warrants a capital F. Actually, you should capitalize federal only when it is part of a proper noun, that is, the official name of a particular or unique person, place, or thing. So you would only capitalize federal when you use it in the name of a federal agency, an act, or some other proper noun.
Federal Bureau of Investigation
  Federal Insurance Contributions Act
  Federal Trade Commission
  Federal Water Pollution Control Act
  Federal Reserve Board
When writing about the Federal Government in its official capacity using the term as an official title, you should capitalize both Federal and Government.
Most of the time, we use federal simply as a form of general classification, which would not require us to capitalize it.
Once a year, federal employees have an opportunity to choose a different health care provider.
Many issues we address each day are subject to federal, state, and local laws.
So, the next time you are writing about federal programs or issues, think twice about capitalization. More often than not, the correct answer to this question is federal not Federal.
Comment: Hello, Harry. Apparently, 'Federal law' is used in the US Judicial register. Separation of powers (and capitalisation). And the proper adjective is also used in architecture and furniture registers: 'The name _Federal style_ is also used in association with furniture design in the United States of the same time period ... [1785 to 1815]. This style shares its name with its era, the Federal Period.' [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_architecture)
Answer: AP style is alright in regular writing and in the field of publishing. It does not always apply in the field of law. In the law, one writes "Federal and state law..." to distinguish Federal from state. It is inappropriate to generalize from the AP style manual to any particular field and the rules of grammar regarding capitalization vary depending on the circumstances. Since the above example refers to federal law in general (although it is implicitly distinguishing it from state law regarding mortgages), it should be a lowercase "f". If one were writing "state and Federal law", the "f" would be capitalized.
Comment: How does this make it any easier to distinguish Federal from state? I'd think they're well enough distinguished already by the fact that they're different words.
Comment: @sumelic *Federal* in this case distinguishes federal law from state law. It should not be capitalized in these circumstances.
Answer: It can be capitalised as "federal law", though it may appear in contexts where it's a title of a federal law in which case you would refer to "the Federal Law of..." and so on. I understand Russian federal laws* often have "Federal Law" in their titles.
*That is, the laws of the Russian Federation - another case of capitalisation as it's the title of a particular federation.
Answer: No, do not capitalize it here, just as the others are saying.
Federal is not a proper adjective because proper adjectives stem from proper nouns. Federal does not come from any proper noun, so it should remain lowercase.
Sample sentences:

The Biblical references (stems from Bible)
The Republican congressman (stems from Republican and Republican Party)
The federal law (doesn't stem from anything)

Capitalization for "Federal"


How to make a dataset similar to that of murchison data in spatstat for ppm and AUc analysis

Question:
I have four variables: a point process pattern of species
occurrence, rivers, ponds polygons and land image data. I would like
to make a dataset similar to that of Murchison dataset using these
shape layers but I have failed to manoeuvre.
I need to make a data frame from these polygon shape layers of
rivers, ponds and land cover images together with the point pattern
data of species occurrences I tried using a hyper frame but I am
unable to use a distance function from the river or the ponds.
rivers <- readShapespatial("river.shp") ponds <-
readShapeSpatial(pond.shp") fro <- read.table("fro.txt",
header=TRUE) image <- raster("image.tif")
I would like to combine
these four files as a single spatstat object like that of Murchison
data which comes with spatstat package. if I can put them in a frame
then ponds, land cover, rivers are covariates.
I have used analyst function but return errors that they can not be
used as covariates, fore example x is a list can not be used as
covariates particularly for ponds and rivers when I call the dist
function.
Comment: Welcome! What did you try? See https://stackoverflow.com/help/minimal-reproducible-example
Comment: Thank you I tried a.ppp <- ppp(fro, ow, marks=factor(mark@fro$mark)) ponds <- as.owin(ponds) rivers<- as.psp(rivers) landcover <- as.im(image) Then tried to load them into one data frame using hyperframe function hp <- hyperframe ( X=a.ppp, Y= anylist(rivers, landcover, ponds))
Answer:
Why do you need a hyperframe? You refer to murchison data and that is not
a hyperframe. It simply a standard R list (with extendend classes
listof, anylist and solist for better printing and plotting in
spatstat, but the actual data structure is just a plain list).
To recreate the murchison data:
library(spatstat)
P <- murchison$gold # Points
L <- murchison$faults # Lines
W <- murchison$greenstone # "Windows

mur <- solist(points = P, lines = L, windows = W)
mur
#> List of spatial objects
#>
#> points:
#> Planar point pattern: 255 points
#> window: rectangle = [352782.9, 682589.6] x [6699742, 7101484] metres
#>
#> lines:
#> planar line segment pattern: 3252 line segments
#> window: rectangle = [352782.9, 682589.6] x [6699742, 7101484] metres
#>
#> windows:
#> window: polygonal boundary
#> enclosing rectangle: [352782.9, 681699.6] x [6706467, 7100804] metres

To use the data in a model they don't have to be collected in a single list,
but it may be convenient. The following two models are identical:
(mod1 <- ppm(P ~ W))
#> Nonstationary Poisson process
#>
#> Log intensity:  ~W
#>
#> Fitted trend coefficients:
#> (Intercept)       WTRUE
#>  -21.918688    3.980409
#>
#>               Estimate      S.E.   CI95.lo    CI95.hi Ztest       Zval
#> (Intercept) -21.918688 0.1666667 -22.24535 -21.592028   *** -131.51213
#> WTRUE         3.980409 0.1798443   3.62792   4.332897   ***   22.13252
(mod2 <- ppm(points ~ windows, data = mur))
#> Nonstationary Poisson process
#>
#> Log intensity:  ~windows
#>
#> Fitted trend coefficients:
#> (Intercept) windowsTRUE
#>  -21.918688    3.980409
#>
#>               Estimate      S.E.   CI95.lo    CI95.hi Ztest       Zval
#> (Intercept) -21.918688 0.1666667 -22.24535 -21.592028   *** -131.51213
#> windowsTRUE   3.980409 0.1798443   3.62792   4.332897   ***   22.13252

If you insist on a hyperframe you should have a column for each measured
variable, but these are primarily used for when you have several replications
of an experiment, and is not of much use here. The function call is simply:
murhyp <- hyperframe(points = P, lines = L, windows = W)

Comment: Thank you Ege Rubak
Comment: Glad it helped. Please accept the answer if it solves your problem so it doesn't show up as unsolved for future readers.
Comment: I have just seen the button you know am new on this platform. Am very sorry about that.


closed set and z-ultrafilter on normal space

Question: Let $X$ be a completely regular, Hausdorff topological space and let $\cal F$ be a $z$-ultrafilter on $X$. Then for each zero set $W$ in $X$, either $W\in \cal F$ or there exists $Z\in \cal F$ such that $Z$ does not meet $W$ (this is the $z$-ultrafilter property). Now suppose that $X$ is additionally normal. Then is it true that for every closed set $W$ in $X$ either $W$ contains an element $Z$ of $\cal F$ or there exists $Z\in \cal F$ such that $Z$ does not meet $W$?
Comment: Is the last sentence supposed to say "for every zero set $W$? Does normality imply regularity?
Answer: No: think of what happens with $\omega_1$ in the usual topology.  This is certainly normal (even hereditarily normal), and since every real-valued continuous function on $\omega_1$ is eventually constant, the co-bounded sets form a $z$-ultrafilter.  Now let $W$ be the set of countable limit ordinals.
Comment: Thanks. I have been wondering about that for years. Credit to MathOverflow for getting the answer in three hours!


Is there a way to relate the mac address of a machine to it's hostname when deploying images over a network?

Question: This is a os-agnostic question; When deploying to a large number of machines, the only thing you have to differentiate them with is a mac address; DHCP can assign an IP to each machine based on it's mac address, and then DNS will assign it a FQDN but if you deploy the same image to many machines over a network, the OS on the image itself has to know how to set the hostname of the machine when it boots up; so how does the booted / written os image determine how to set its own hostname?
Comment: Not a totally is agnostic answer but we used to use a piece of software called FOG to deploy images (in our case Windows but it would do block level imaging of any file system I think). Known machines were identified by Mac address, this was used by FOG to decide how to boot (net boot and reimage or normal HDD boot) and was also using by an agent on the machine that checked Mac address/hostname against a database on the server and renamed the machine if it was found not to match. I'm not sure if there was an agent for any other os's.
Answer: dhcp protocol can send hostname. It can be set with request host-name option in gnu/linux.
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1533#section-3.14
Answer: As you already said: it either does a reverse lookup of the ip-address that gets assigned by DHCP and sets the hostname from there or it sets the hostname that gets sent as DHCP option 12


Djoser is ignoring my Authenitcation Token

Question: I set up djoser and DRF's TokenAuthentication. It works perfectly for registering users, and i get a valid token returned. When I try to access /users/me or /token/logout with header:
Authorization: Token {token} (and the token itself in the body for good measure) I get the response Error 403: "Authentication credentials not provided."
I've tried making the request through axios and postman.
I made other accounts and tried their keys but I get the same result.
I've looked on the djoser docs but there is no help there, nor anywhere else, because it seems no one else has this issue.
Answer: In my settings.py I had correctly figured DEFAULT_AUTHENITCATION_CLASSES and not DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES. Now it works.


Is there a final decision on whether ISKCON texts are quotable as scripture at this site?

Question: I am not just talking about translations - also about their theological statements pertaining to Hindu deities.
Comment: I don't understand why don't you the same for Ramakrishna Mission? Ramakrishna Mission has itself declared legally to be non-Hindu organisation. See https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/religion/story/19860215-ramkrishna-missions-non-hindu-claim-causes-dismay-among-many-of-its-followers-800581-1986-02-15
Comment: They should be allowed. After all, they belong to Gaudiya Vaishnavism.
Comment: If you are not talking about scriptures then which texts are you talking about? the books that were composed by their scholars? @SK
Comment: @ChinmaySarupria I don't think so. https://media.belurmath.org/christmas-eve-2018-3724
Comment: @Ambi There is not much I can do when you think respecting other religions or people from other religion is wrong or non-Hindu. Sri Ramakrishna warned against dogmatism, everyone thinks their watch alone shows the correct time.
Comment: Christmas is a huge, secular festival for Hindus everywhere.  There is nothing Christian in how Hindus celebrate Christmas and is purely inclusive.  Contrast this with the so called Chinna Jeeyar who insists that any portraits of Siva in any hall he is going to give a talk in be covered up before the talk.
Comment: @SuryaKantaBoseChowdhury Do you know why they did so? "Whatever legal brains have done is for lawyers to say" - RK Mission General Secretary, Swami Atmashtananda. The RK Mission's explanation has been all along that it has taken this step to save its schools, and that the court statements are simply part of the necessary legal maneuvers.
Comment: @Ambi They consider Jesus as Yogi which is why they consider Christmas Eve as a sacred day.
Comment: @ChinmaySarupria You will of course understand if I don't subscribe to such ideas. We can't condemn one and embrace another when both are to be looked at via the same lens.
Comment: @Chinmaysarupria I didn't ask you to. Like so many people here who consider themselves too perceptive, please stop assuming things about me and what I think. Esp funny when I am seen as harboring hatred while the real hatred spewing is cajoled, encouraged even. Its odd that for all the outraging on respect and other high flying words, even within here, people don't blink twice before demonizing other siddhanta followers out of their own bias. The even more odd thing is the outrage is always selective!
Comment: @Ambi You are mixing up topics here. That meta post which you are hinting at has got nothing to do with this post.
Answer: They have stated many times (including Prabhupada) that they are not Hindu.
Now I am citing this post from here
What is the current status of Gaudiya Math?

Do they regard ISKCON as a part of their math?
No, definitely not. They are absolutely different and separate organisations. ISKCON is one of the many break away factions of the Gaudiya Math. I don't have any sources to quote acharyas of Gaudiya Math saying they don't consider ISKCON as a part of their organisation but I can quote some old letters of Prabhupada where he slams the Gaudiya Mission:

So the organization lineally descended from the Gaudiya tradition has separated from ISKCON and ISKCON has stated many times that they are not Hindu.
They now have as much in common with Hinduism as Christianity has in common with Judaism.  They share a small subset of Hindu scripture (which they freely edit) but they also have new scripture not in common with Hinduism - such as Vedic yagnas dedicated to Krishna.
Comment: "They have stated many times (including Prabhupada) that they are not Hindu." - Where does Prabhupada say this?


How could an inflation bug be spotted in grin?

Question: Looking at the transactions within the block explorer I can't see any transaction amounts. How could an inflation bug be detected if all transactions are private?
Answer: Range proofs for CTs demonstrate that output amounts are positive and within an allowable range, and that no inflation is occuring in a non-coinbase transaction.
The range proofs (eg bulletproofs) are computationally binding.
If the discrete log is broken, range proofs can be generated for values outside the correct range without any way to detect this. This includes correctly validating proofs for a tx with inflation.
Comment: Confidential transactions. Inflation schedule is known. This is the best explanation for bulletproofs from Adam Gibson: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdamISZ/from0k2bp/master/from0k2bp.pdf
Comment: CTs necessarily obscure all transaction amounts.
Comment: CT= ?  and I guess the coinbase transactions would be protected otherwise? Also How do range proofs work? (I guess I will google this)


Adding honey to a cooled wort

Question: Can I add a 12oz or 24oz of honey to a cooled 5 gallon wort without boiling it or does it have to be boiled. Does 12oz or 24 oz sound like the right addition to the wort, I was going to add 4oz of watermelon extract at bottling.
Answer: You are probably best suited to add the honey at the last half or last third of primary fermentation.  This way, the yeast will have already metabolized/fermented many of the more complex sugars, such as maltose and maltriose.  I would suggest boiling a few cups of water, letting it cool a bit, mix in your honey, cool the rest of the way down to your fermentation temperature, then add right into the fermenter.
Another benefit of doing it this way is since the yeast have already gone through the growth phase, bacterial contamination is unlikely, since that beer is the 'yeast gang's territory' at that point!
If you add the honey when you first pitch, they will go to work on the simple stuff first and you might be left with a sweeter beer than you would like.
Answer: Mead is often made without boiling the honey at all, so I would assume you'd be OK. I've added honey to beer with good effect twice now, but I did it after the primary malt fermentation was done. Adding the honey before you pitch will be fine, but you will loose some honey aromatics due to the vigorous primary fermentation.
Answer: I generally try to use unpasteurized honey whenever possible.  Since I am shelling out for the good stuff, I don't want to apply heat because it cooks off many of the flavors.  I usually mix the honey with water and then add crushed campden tablets(Potassium Metabisulphite).  Just do it the night before you plan to brew.
Though the flavor nuances you gain using this technique may be hard to detect with the watermelon extract.
edit - I forgot to mention that honey itself is antibacterial.  If you are using pasteurized honey you should be good to go as long as you just opened it.
Comment: Honey isn't antibacterial, it's bacteriostatic. The high sugar, low water makeup prevents most organisms from reproducing, but also doesn't kill everything. It's not impossible to have perfectly fine honey which, once mixed with water, starts fermenting due to wild yeasts which were trapped and preserved within it.

Adding honey to a cooled wort


Converting Cube Maps

Question: I have cube maps in lat/long format, and i need to convert them to Horizontal/Vertical Cross, and individual cross images, is there an utility to do that?
Answer: I assume your source image is in equirectangular projection. You might try PTStitcher, part of the Panorama Tools package. It's designed to be controlled via script files, but there's a batch file located here called "Pano2Faces.bat" which is designed to simplify the use of PTStitcher to do an equirectangular-to-rectilinear conversion (although it probably won't work out-of-the-box on any version of Windows more recent than XP).
You can probably find a more user-friendly option somewhere on this page.
Comment: Yes, that's what i have.
Answer: The tool we use for this is HDR Shop located here. http://ict.debevec.org/~debevec/HDRShop/
Version 1 of it is free. The option to use is "Panoramic Transformation". I can't say that this is the easiest tool to use in the world but its what we do.

Converting Cube Maps


Outlook 2011: Keyboard shortcut to assign categories?

Question: In Outlook 2011, is there some way to assign keyboard shortcuts to specific categories, so I can categorize messages without having to use the mouse to select the drop-down from the Categories menu in the Ribbon?
Answer: Yes, you can do this.

Open System Preferences.
Select Keyboard.
Select Keyboard Shortcuts.
Select Application Shortcuts in the left navigation pane.
Click the + button to create a new shortcut.
Choose Microsoft Outlook.app in the Application drop-down menu.
Enter the exact name of the menu command you want to add. E.g. for an Outlook category named "Project X" enter that category name, "Project X."
Click in the Keyboard Shortcut field and press a unique keyboard sequence such as Control-Option-T.
Click the Add button.

For some more ideas about how you could add keyboard shortcuts to Outlook:Mac, check out "Unleash new uses for keyboard commands in Outlook for Mac" in the Office:Mac Help Blog.
Comment: This was close . . . and it got me far enough that I figured out the rest on my own, so thanks. The one error was your step 7 said "Give your shortcut a name, such as 'Apply Travel Category." However, what you need to provide is not a self-derived name for the shortcut, but rather the specific name of the Menu item to which you are creating the shortcut. E.g. if I had a Outlook category named "Project X", then I have to enter "Project X." It will automatically pick up that menu item and assign it to the specified keyboard shortcut.
Comment: Edited step 7 to better reflect what needs to happen.
Answer: I had mixed results with the above method. It would work once, and then just scroll to the last email received in my list after that.  However, I launched Automator (in Applications folder) and created a service (looks like a gear) from the new workflow menu. From there it only took 2 actions from the several Outlook choices included in Automator:
<code> • Get Selected Outlook Items
 • Set Category of Outlook Items
</code>
Drag these items to the workflow area and select the Category from the dropdown.  Save and and name this workflow. Then, select Services > Services Preferences...  from the program name in the title menu, scroll to your named workflow and double-click to the right to assign a keyboard shortcut.
The only downfall is that this shortcut will work from anywhere, I will try to isolate it to work ONLY when using Outlook later.


Is $\int_0^\infty \frac{\cos(x)}{\sqrt{x}}$ lebesgue integrable and improper Riemann integrable?

Question: I know from complex analysis that $\int_0^\infty \frac{\cos(x)}{\sqrt{x}}dx = \sqrt{\frac{\pi}{2}}$, so the function is improper Riemann integrable, but I am having trouble showing it without using complex analysis. I think the function is not Lebesgue integrable, but I'm not sure about my proof.
$\int_{(n-1)\pi}^{n\pi} \frac{|\cos(x)|}{\sqrt{x}}>\sqrt{\frac{1}{n\pi}}\int_{(n-1)\pi}^{n\pi}|\cos(x)|>2\sqrt{\frac{1}{n\pi}}$, so $\sum_{n=1}^\infty\int_{(n-1)\pi}^{n\pi} \frac{|\cos(x)|}{\sqrt{x}}$ doesn't converge. Does that seem right? How would I show its improper Riemann integrable? Thanks a lot.
Comment: That's about right. The Lebesgue integral does not exist.
Comment: How would I should its improper Riemann integrable? Any hints would be greatly appreciated.
Answer: To show that the integral $I=\int_0^\infty \frac{\cos(x)}{\sqrt{x}}\,dx$ exists as an improper Riemann integral, we proceed as follows.   We express the integral of interest as the sum
$$\int_0^L \frac{\cos(x)}{\sqrt x}\,dx=\int_0^1 \frac{\cos(x)}{\sqrt x}\,dx+\int_1^L \frac{\cos(x)}{\sqrt x}\,dx\tag 1$$
The first integral on the right-hand side of $(1)$ is absolutely integrable such that $2\cos(1)\le \int_0^1 \frac{\cos(x)}{\sqrt x}\,dx\le 2$.
For the second integral on the right-hand side of $(1)$, we integrate by parts with $u=x^{-1/2}$ and $v=\sin(x)$ to reveal
$$\int_1^L \frac{\cos(x)}{\sqrt x}\,dx=\left(\frac{\sin(L)}{\sqrt L}-\sin(1)\right)+\frac12\int_1^L \frac{\sin(x)}{x^{3/2}}\,dx\tag 2$$
Inasmuch as the second integral on the right-hand side of $(2)$ absolutely converges as $L\to \infty$, the integral on the left-hand side converges (it does not absolutely converge).
Putting it together, we have shown that the integral in $(1)$ converges and exists as an improper Riemann integral.


Advice on two-tier cake and height

Question: What is the recommended height of cakes when making a two-tier chocolate mud cake? Or to get a decent height, should I make (as an example) two shallow nine-inch rounds for the bottom layer and two shallow seven-inch rounds for the top layer?
Comment: Are you planning on adding supports in the lower tier (dowels and such) or are you hoping to just be able to set the upper tier on top of the lower tier?   If you're hoping to go support-less, you typically need a firmer cake, which mud cakes typically aren't.
Answer: As a note before the post I am more scientist than baker.
The stress you can put on a structure before it severely deforms depends on a lot of things including it's Young's modulus. These are very well understood for construction materials but I came across this paper which discussed it for various cake recipes (PDF). The recipe I found for mud cake has about 27% flour so I used values accordingly for my calculation.
If we assume that we do not want more than a 5% deformation (this may seem like a small number but my estimation is an attempt at being conservative, plus it would be at the very least noticeable) then the maximum height would be about 28 inches.
Or to put it another way, your two 9 in pans for the bottom layer and the 7 in for the top would make a delicious cake with some room left over for frosting. If you are really concerned about structure I also came across this recipe which kind of talked about that as well (much more so from a baking perspective).
Other info from Epicurious.
Answer: I do not have experience with mud cake. If it isn't a very sturdy cake, you may need to add supports (i.e. dowels and cake rounds). If it is sturdy like a yellow or white cake, you can stack them without adding supports.
Here is a picture of a cake I made using 9 inch pans for the base and 6 inch pans for the top. There were three layers of cake on each tier.

Advice on two-tier cake and height


Do you double up with +1/+1 counters on Fungal Behemoth?

Question: If you have a Fungal Behemoth with 2 +1/+1 counters on it and no other creature with any +1/+1 counters on it, is the fun guy a 4/4? The two counters give it a base power and toughness of 2/2 and then those very same counters give it another +2/+2. I'm pretty sure that is how it works, just needed confirmation.
Answer: Yes, that's correct, +1/+1 counters placed on Fungal Behemoth are essentially doubled up in effectiveness.

Each +1/+1 counter on Fungal Behemoth gives it +1/+1, as normal.
Fungal Behemoth additionally has an ability that counts the number of +1/+1 counters on your creatures, and gives it +1/+1 for each of those.

These both happen cumulatively, and the ability considers even counters placed on the fun guy itself. So each +1/+1 counter placed on the Fungal Behemoth gives it +2/+2 — once from the counter itself, once from its ability.
This is also described in a ruling on Fungal Behemoth:

Any +1/+1 counters on Fungal Behemoth itself count toward its base power and toughness, then give it a power and toughness bonus. For example, if there are two +1/+1 counters on Fungal Behemoth and three on other creatures you control, Fungal Behemoth is a 7/7 creature.
Comment: but only the counters from creatures. The one from llanowar reborn does not count, right?
Comment: Right, Llanowar Reborn is not a creature.
Comment: @doppelgreener Unless it is a creature, because an effect (like the abilities of a certain elven Planeswalker or some cards from various Zendikar blocks) has turned it into one.


Template for water utilities

Question: My company is preparing to do a survey of the water utility infrastructure for a small village on an island, on lake Titicaca in Bolivia. What would be the best starting place for a template to use for gathering the data using a data collector. Would the local govt model for utilities be a good starting place or is there something else that would be better.
Our task is to gather data about the population, their water sources and infrastructure if any. We will also be scouting out potential sites to build a purification center for the town. In the end I expect to provide the Bolivian government several maps showing all of the data we've collected, just not sure where to start with a database.
Answer: The data models may be a good starting point, however I would also consider the following aspects/questions:

End user experience, what level are they at with using GIS and databases?  Many of the data models have components such as feature datasets, domains, and table relates.  Does the end user understand all of this or will training be necessary?
What do you need to collect, how is this similar or different from the data model table schemas?  In some cases you may need more or less than the data model provides.  How does this relate to the current needs of the project and the future potential needs?
Answer: You have asked a good question - I think the templates are useful but in many ways getting down to the bare bones is the best. The templates will have many attributes and relationships that you probably won't end up using and if you do use them you might waste time filling in data that you don't really need.
The best advice I can give is to find a company or person who has done almost the exact project and can give you their experience and possibly their features and feature attribute templates. If you can't do that then work backwards and find out what information you specifically need to design a purification system correctly or any other end-product this data will be used for.
Our company did a program like this and started with parts of an ESRI template and three years later when the organization got ready to use the data we provided they couldn't use it because we had not kept it topologically correct and also we had intentionally held off (until later field verification with a different project) inputting one specific attribute that was necessary for the hydraulic model.
We fixed the problem but it would have been really nice to know the exact end-use requirements all along and we could have maintained them throughout the project.

Template for water utilities


Can you kill your allied Faction after completing the story?

Question: I allied with BOS throughout the whole play through, have finished the game, and the Institute and Railroad are gone. However I'd also like to kill the BOS, if possible. Is there any way to do this?
Comment: Did you try shooting them?
Comment: There is no quest for it if you mean that. Once you "ended" the game with a faction its done, they are then the faction that survived. Only possible thing you can do is be your own BOSS and kill them all, but you will never be able to shoot the aircraft down.
Answer: @GEnGEr My thoughts, exactly.
There are no actual quests to destroy the last surviving faction, but you can have so much fun mass murdering them at your own risk. Just make sure you save the game before you start the ultimate destruction.
Comment: I think this is basically true. Would be better to determine if there are still any essential characters for the main faction after the main quest is completed.
Answer: My recommended overkill storyline, in short:
(Based on info from the Fallout wiki and other forums, YouTube: Oxhorn, TheEpicNate315, The Efficient Gamer, and my gameplay on PS4)

Side with the Minutemen and eliminate BOS, Institute, and Railroad (the order is on you; only don't assemble Liberty).
Exile Preston and Ronnie to some hole in Far Harbor (which has been cleaned of all factions before) due to their essential stats.
Become Overboss, side with the Raiders, and conquer the whole Commonwealth. Enemy with Minutemen, which exist only on Harbor.
Return to Nuka-World and slay all the Raiders here and in the Commonwealth. I'm not sure if Gage will become non-essential; if not, exile him before.
Comment: By "Cage", you mean "Gage", right? (I've edited your answer to say "Gage", however, if am incorrect, please clarify who "Cage" is.)
Comment: Yeah, you are right, I mean Gage..
Answer: If you want to destroy the BOS when you're with them talk to Preston Garvey about the brotherhood and you will get a quest where you will destroy the airship. I did this but Liberty Prime is still alive.


How to use Gutenberg blocks in widgets?

Question: I can't believe that I can't find anything about this topic somewhere on the internet. Or maybe I just overlooked this option: How do I use Gutenberg Blocks in my widget? For example the "button" block or the new "social icons" block.
Comment: I didn't test it, but is [this plugin](https://wordpress.org/plugins/reusable-gutenberg-blocks-widget/) what you're looking for?
Comment: Try this plugin, not associated with it in any way, used it successfully to place author's bio in the sidebar. https://wordpress.org/plugins/reusable-blocks-extended/
Answer: Marc,
If you install the Gutenberg plugin (as of v 8.9.0 of Gutenberg), which is the newest version of the block editor or are using Wordpress 5.8 or newer; the widget editor has become block-based by default.
Below is my original answer from May 2020 but is useful for posterity.
There's a couple issues going on:

How 'widgets' are thought (and will be) of in Gutenberg and WordPress (in the future) is different than how it's been used in the past within WordPress.

WordPress has traditionally thought of widgets to be self-contained snippets of code outside of the post_content area (post content area = the large area typically in the center of the screen where you enter content for your posts and pages that is usually unique for every page). https://wordpress.org/support/article/wordpress-widgets/ is a great example of how WordPress documentation describes widgets to be located outside of the post_content/main-editor area.

Widgets in Gutenberg are being used to describe content that is sort of self-contained (a list of latest posts, recent comments, social icons, etc) and are only able to be used in the post_content/main editing area - for now.

As for using Gutenberg blocks in the traditional sense of 'widgets' - displaying content outside of the post_content/editor area like how you would edit them through  https://nameofyoursite.com/wp-admin/widgets.php - is still really, really limited and not yet completely functional.
This type of editing is being referred to as 'full site editing' in Gutenberg.
I honestly recommend wouldn't recommend using the full site editing (at this moment) unless you're willing to invest a lot of time and expect things to quickly change and break, and be very comfortable with using the github tracker, expect very little documentation on it.
To enable the full site editing, you have to install the gutenberg plugin and then there's some additional settings to configure (but I can't find them in the most).
For anyone else reading this, full site editing, I think is coming out publicly (or by default) later in 2020.
As an alternative, you could sign up for https://make.wordpress.org/core/2020/05/01/an-experimental-outreach-project-for-full-site-editing/

How to use Gutenberg blocks in widgets?


Insert data from registry into predefined bookmarks

Question: I've got data in the registry under Current User which I want to add into predefined bookmarks in Word documents. Now, the thing is, I want the exact same macro in every single Word document and have the macro skip the step if it can't find the predefined bookmark.
I've got this code already where I need to predefine an array of the total data I've got in the registry. The macro stores the values of each subkey from the registry into a string. But doesn't insert the value into the bookmark unless the bookmark exists. Well, that's the idea anyway.
Public Sub TemplateData()

    Dim objShell
    Dim strShell
    Dim strDataArea
    Dim Values() As String
    Dim Fields

    ' Input the exact same key as in registry
    Fields = Array("DEPARTMENT", "LETTER", "LNAME", "FNAME")

    Set objShell = CreateObject("Wscript.Shell")

    strDataArea = "HKCU\Templates\"
    On Error Resume Next

    For iTeller = 0 To UBound(Fields)

        Dim sBookMarkName, sValue
        sBookMarkName = "Bookmark" & Fields(iTeller)
        sValue = objShell.RegRead(strDataArea & Fields(iTeller))

        Selection.GoTo What:=wdGoToBookmark, Name:=sBookMarkName
        Selection.Delete Unit:=wdCharacter, Count:=0
        Selection.InsertAfter sValue

    Next
    On Error GoTo 0

End Sub

If I put a breakpoint on the bottom Next, I can see that it indeed finds the bookmarks, but somehow it inserts the values of every registry subkey until it finds the correct one. And the initial idea is also to have the macro delete whatever words are in the bookmkarks if I run the macro again since if the data in the registry get updates, the macro should pick that up and insert it into the document.
Can anyone find what might be wrong here?
Answer: Error in a Word VBA macro, trying to insert values into bookmarks
has answers. Kenny learned himself (re-set the Bookmark):
 ActiveDocument.Bookmarks.Add Range:=Selection.Range, Name:=sBookMarkName

and Tom helped to check before use...
If ActiveDocument.Bookmarks.Exists(sBookmarkName) Then
    ... insert using your code
End If


How to make emms only show the name of the current file being played without the path

Question: In the mode line, emms shows the full path to the file being played, how do I change that?
Comment: What have you tried? Have you searched through the documentation for anything relevant?
Answer: emms will only do this if it doesn't have any more information about the track.  If your track has meta-data (for example id3 tags for mp3 tracks) then emms can use this if the right parts of emms are loaded.  This should happen by default if you have the backend programs installed.
Check the "Track Information" node of the emms manual for more details and to see what backends are needed.


Why does ARP request not use a router instead of broadcast?

Question: Why in ARP request does the source computer broadcast a message with the destination IP address to find the MAC address of the destination computer? Why doesn't it send the message to the default gate way from the beginning so that router can send it to the destination computer?
I think it will make the network less crowded!
Answer: ARP determines the corresponding MAC address for an IPv4 address in the local network (on-link). There's no gateway involved. Since ARP information is cached, there isn't actually that much ARP traffic.
IP is designed on the premise that local node-to-node communication doesn't need any central service - it "just works".
Also, sending to the default gateway would require knowing its MAC address beforehand, and the router would require some mechanism to learn the requested MAC as well.
Since broadcasts are generally inefficient - they prompt every node to examine the packet - IPv6 has moved to using multicast for NDP and in general.
Comment: A gateway is a gateway. It can be *used* as a default gateway when it forwards to all external networks. No, not every local network has a gateway - some networks aren't routed and there's no gateway (e.g. my SAN isn't routed). Also, multiple gateways are possible, even default ones.
Comment: Is it possible to explain the second paragraph further?
Comment: In the first paragraph you said, "There's no gateway involved." Isn't there a default gateway in every local network?
Answer: When the destination computer is in the Source computer Network it broadcast the destination IP. But if the Destination IP does not in Source IP Network then the Source computer knows the Gateway ARP and does not send ARP request again.


Problem with fonts in Mapnik

Question: I am using version 3.0.12 , I have made an XML file and I am using Arial Black and Arial Bold fonts but mapnik was not rendering those fonts. So , I changed the fonts to DejaVu Sans Book and then all my labels are showing up .
Why is it so, since Arial Black and Arial Bold are very common fonts?
Answer: According to Wikipedia, Arial fonts are a proprietary typeface.  It's likely that Mapnik doesn't have the license to package Arial fonts with the software.
Mapnik ships with the DejaVu fonts instead. You can add other fonts.  See this page.

Problem with fonts in Mapnik


Do they make a pull-chain type outlet adapter for garage door openers to plug in to?

Question: I have constant power going to both my garage door openers. What I'm trying to do is come up with a way to easily cut power to them without having to get out and climb a small ladder to pull the power cords. I know they make the pull chains for lamp ceiling fixtures, I was just wondering if they made an adapter with a pull chain to put between the garage door power cords and the ceiling outlets. Can anyone help or have a better idea?
Comment: Why do you want to constantly cut the power to the garage door?
Comment: @B Mitch - Anti theft protection? :)
Comment: Also, many garage door openers will immediately turn on their light(s) when they receive power. In this case the switch to the garage door opener would also work in concert with the open/close button as a poor man's multi-function control.
Answer: Sounds like a job for a light switch if you ask me.  If you don't want to tear up the walls, you can run the wire in some conduit along the ceiling and down the wall, placing the switch in a convenient location.
Answer: I agree with B Mitch's answer as a good first and best method of switching off the power to the garage door opener.  If you don't want to run wires etc, you could replace the outlet that the opener plugs into with a keyless pull string light bulb holder. A keyless socket is like the ones you see in basements. It is a  simple 4 inch round porcelain   or plastic light fixture.  Instead of a bulb, you can screw in a plug adapter. All the parts you would need should cost less than $5.00
Answer: This question isn't garage door specific. A simple solution would be to run an extension from somewhere you can access, and have a switch there.
I have my garage power switched through to a switch in the house so I can power it all down at night with one flick of a switch.
Answer: You can place a pull switch some where in between the supply and the motor as lon as its rated to your current system 110/220VAC and 3-5AMP is ample. Make sure to have it earthed (if you have the earth available)
http://www.leviton.com/OA_HTML/ibeCCtpSctDspRte.jsp?section=13906&minisite=10026
http://cgi.ebay.com/Pull-Chain-Rotary-Appliance-Switch-3-Speed-2-Circuit-/390319237556?pt=LH_DefaultDomain_0&hash=item5ae0d6e9b4#ht_3171wt_1139
There are multispet ones - so be carefull not to buy 3 speed (but you can merge all outputs to one if you want - you will jsut nned to pull the chain 3 times - or figure something more clever out)


How to calculate temperatures on my world given different pressures and altitudes

Question: The fictional world is Earth-like with 1g gravity and similar solar radiation to Earth but the inhabitants only live on very high plateaus at around 5000m where the pressure is already 3bar. How do I calculate the temperature at sea level with high humidity levels? And what features could I change or add to maximize this temperature whilst maintaining 20-30 degrees C at 5000m?
Answer: The spherical cow in a vacuum approach: 70-80°C
Ok, here we will use simplifying assumptions. Big ones:

The air is an ideal gas and g is constant with altitude (those ones are fine)
The atmospheric system is globally adiabatic (yeah, ok, mayyybe)
The air is dry (I'm starting to sweat a bit)

Then we pull out the maths cause that's what we're here for. (what? you're here for an answer? Haha. I like your humor).
We will use the foundational relation of hydrostatics:
$$dP=-\rho(z)gdz$$
We combine it with the well known ideal gas law $PV=nRT$, a.k.a $P=\frac{\rho}{M}RT$, with $M$ the molar mass, and we get an equation that we will call equation (1):
$$\frac{dP}{dz}=-\frac{gM}{R}\frac{P}{T} \text{   (1)}$$
Cool, cool. Just one more equation to have a well-defined physical system. An adiabatic reversible process satisfies:
$$P^{1-\gamma}T^{\gamma}=constant$$
If you take the derivative of that thing with repsect to $z$, and you re-arrange everything to make it look fabulous, you get equation (2):
$$\frac{dP}{dz}=\frac{\gamma}{\gamma-1}\frac{P}{T}\frac{dT}{dz} \text{   (2)}$$
Equations (1) and (2) both tell us about the rate of change of pressure with altitude, so the right hand parts are equal:
$$-\frac{gM}{R}\frac{P}{T} = \frac{\gamma}{\gamma-1}\frac{P}{T}\frac{dT}{dz}$$
$$\frac{dT}{dz}=\frac{1-\gamma}{\gamma}\frac{gM}{R}$$
We demonstrate the remarkable result that, under our assumptions, the rate of change of temperature with altitude is constant and depends only on the nature of the gas ($M,\gamma$) and the gravity of your planet ($g$). So if your atmosphere is made of the same stuff, temperature falls with altitude exactly at the same rate as on earth!. You can calculate this rate to be $9.8°C/km$ from the above equation
So, quite simply, 5km lower, your atmoshpere should be about 50°C hotter, giving roughly temperatures of 70-80°C (which I will certainly not give in Farenheits cause y'all gotta start using units that make sense).
Note that your pressure specifications were not needed to get that result. They will just make pressure higher at sea-level.
For a more realistic approach:
I'd rather shoot myself.
Simply taking into account the moisture in the air already makes things a lot more complicated. Water content varies with altitude and locations. It reaches saturation, condenses in an exothermic transition, creates clouds which eventually will change everything anyway. With coarse approximations, it is still manageable by hand but definitely nastier. And there is no point anyway. There are so many other effects at play (winds, water currents, land topology, shading, geothermic activity, position on the globe, precipitations, etc...) that you can't reasonably hope to get an answer that is anything else than a very rough ballpark estimation (which is what I did above).
Just think that you are asking for a planetary answer on a fictional ill-defined planet, while our own planet has temperatures ranging from -40 to +50 at any given time at sea level, depending on the location. And we can't even reliably predict the weather of earth a week from now with all the data and the years of intimate experience with this planet. What you are asking is 100% currently impossible, especially since you give close to no relevant meteorological information.
Note that on earth, the experimental rate of change of temperature is closer to 7°C/km below 11km of altitude (hey, we were pretty close!), suggesting lower sea-level temperatures of about 55-65°C in your case. And those orders of magnitude are pretty much the best you can hope to get. They just should be plausible enough for a story.
If you are very attached to including the humidity in your approach, you could use different corrective terms for different humidity regimes. However, I keep thinking that it is not very significant to focus on that specific aspect while leaving aside all the other factors which could probably realistically offset the answer by dozens of degrees C. For the purposes of a story, I think no one would bat an eye whether you tell them your lapse rate is 4°C/km or 12°C/km. Both are scientifically plausible enough
The factors you can play with
Looking back at the parameters in our equation above, if you want to increase the temperature at sea level, you could:

have a higher gravity
have an atmopshere with a higher molar mass (take bigger molecules)
Humidity is mostly going to decrease the rate (it is the main reason for the experimental lapse rate being 30% lower than the one we calculated). and also make it harder to heat the sea level (because you spend energy vaporizing water rather than heating the air). It has an adverse effect. If you want a big temperature difference, keep humidity low
Comment: @Slarty sounds perfectly reasonable to me. Note that with the experimental lapse rate from earth (which *de facto* takes humidity and a lots of other stuff into account), you obtain temperatures close to 50°C as mentionned in the answer. So definitely not an unreasonable figure
Comment: Thx for that – it's a fabulous answer and just the sort of thing that I was looking for (Your math's is much better than mine). I'm thinking that this idea will work well if I mess around with the details. I hadn't expected the temperature to get quite that hot, but it's a good thing as I could crank down the pressure a bit at the top and or I can allow for the humidity effects that you describe.
Comment: On the humidity front is there any way I could do a quick dirty calculation with a spreadsheet? Maybe 100 metres per line with the details of one line feeding the input for the one below? Or am I hoping for too much here :o) You are right that I have not specified enough but perhaps I can find an area on Earth as an analogue with a constant cloud layer and work from that?
Comment: @Slarty With massive simplifications (like assuming constant humidity throughout your altitude profile), you could derive correction terms to account for different humidity regimes (see for example https://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Adiabatic_lapse_rate). However, as I said, the reason why I didn't bother including this in the answer is that it is only one in very many factors governing the ground temperature. With all the degrees of freedom that you leave, your ground temperature could realistically be comprised in 40°C-wide range, so trying to get the humidity right isn't all that helpful.
Comment: I've added the link in the body of the answer
Comment: Thanks again. I'm sure you are right to say that no one would bat an eyelid if the lapse rate were 4 or 12 degrees/km. If I don't specify all of the parameters in detail then I think it works well. So I will go with a lower figure may be 50 degrees C (cloud cooling / humidity / handwave etc). Which raises another question which I will post later concerning survivability limits for people in the environment...