How has Venus held onto its atmosphere

Question: Without its magnetosphere, how has Venus held onto its atmosphere, when Mars lost its atmosphere and water when its magnetic field was turned off?
Comment: Please remember that Worldbuilding SE is dedicated to providing detailed answers to specific questions you have while developing your fictional world. This question strictly pertains to the real-life history of two celestial bodies and has no relationship to worldbuilding; it would be better asked on one of the space exchanges.
Comment: As long as you have no answers, you can delete the question by yourself. And post it somewhere else.
Comment: @Frostfyre: should I close it and migrate it?
Comment: You can definitely flag it for the diamond mods to figure out which site would handle it best.
Answer: A lot of people assume that the magnetosphere of a planet is the main factor determining whether it can retain an atmosphere.
Long ago it was calculated that the escape velocity (not the surface gravity, the escape velocity) of a object was vital to how long it could retain an atmosphere.
As I remember, if a planet, moon, or other astronomical body has an escape velocity more than six times the average speed of molecules of a specific gas in the upper layers of its atmosphere, the escape of gases will be very, very, very slow and the astronomical body can retain that specific gas in its atmosphere for billions of years.
Having sufficiently high escape velocity is necessary, but not sufficient, for an astronomical body to retain its atmosphere.
And later it was discovered that the stellar wind of stars knocks molecules of gas out of the upper layers of atmospheres and causes them to escape. Thus having a strong enough magnetic field to deflect the stellar wind is also necessary, but not sufficient, for an astronomical body to retain its atmosphere.
No magnetosphere, no matter how strong, can enable an astronomical body with insufficient escape velocity to retain an atmosphere for billions of years.
And you might wonder how Titan has managed to retain an atmosphere, as well as how Venus has.
Comment: (quote)Long ago it was calculated that the escape velocity (not the surface gravity, the escape velocity) of a object was vital to how long it could retain an atmosphere. As I remember, if a planet, moon, or other astronomical body has an escape velocity more than six times the average speed of molecules of a specific gas in the upper layers of its atmosphere, the escape of gases will be very, very, very slow..(end quote) https://www.vanderbilt.edu/AnS/physics/astrocourses/AST102/homework/hw5key.html

How has Venus held onto its atmosphere


Can Hegel's theory of logic be formalized?

Question: In paraconsistent logic, we have dialecticism. So is it possible to formalize the logic of Hegel, like Anton Friedrich Koch in "Hegel's on the logical big bang and the evolution of logical space", and formalize all the European philosophers' system, at least their arguments?
Comment: Can you clarify what you mean by "formalize all the European philosophers' system, at least their arguments?"
Comment: Such as predicate logic,make use of philosophical logic,make a variation of classical logic like  Relevance logic.
Comment: It is called [dialetheism](https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/dialetheism/), but despite the superficial similarities it has little to do with Hegel's logic. Hegel conceived of Logic in a different old sense, as the conceptual movement in acquisition of knowledge, see [What are the differences between philosophies presupposing one Logic versus many logics?](https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/a/37279/9148) It is closer to what is now called epistemology and is not formalizable as such.
Comment: I suspect Hegel's logic may be formalised and thus considerably simplified, but I don't know of anyone who has attempted it. I would guess that it follows the structure required for non-dualism. This is not dialethism but is Aristotelian. It cannot be used to formalise the arguments of European philosophers. These are already either formal or not.  .
Comment: Hegel's logic is the continuation of Heraclitus whose maxim is *we exist and exist-not*, as clearly expressed in section 817 of his "Doctrine of Essence": *The being of illusory being consists solely in the sublatedness of being, in its nothingness; this nothingness it has in essence and apart from its nothingness, apart from essence, illusory being is not.* He added a concept of *shine* and developed to *Notion* as discussed in a recent [post](https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/92036/the-necessity-of-shine-in-hegels-logic). Thus one formalization of his logic is simply Falsism...
Answer: Hegel's logic has already been formalized by physicist and mathematician Urs Schreiber. However, there are likely only a few dozen people on earth who can understand it due to the formalization being done with cutting edge mathematical logic (such as homotopy type theory) and with a deep familiarity with the Science of Logic: https://ncatlab.org/nlab/show/Science+of+Logic
Comment: I'm under the presumption that not many people people understand the Science of Logic. For example, there is only one book which comprehensively analyzes the last third of the logic, and not many people have read that book (Hegel's Theory of Judgement by Ioannis Trisokkas). Compare this to scholarship of other Hegel works. In general, scholarship on the Science of Logic is very limited. Out of those people with a thorough understanding, even fewer are familiar with mathematical logic, let alone homotopy type theory.
Comment: Welcome to SE Philosophy! Thanks for your contribution. Please take a quick moment to take the [tour](https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/tour) or find [help](https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/help). You can perform [searches here](https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/search) or seek additional clarification at the [meta site](https://philosophy.meta.stackexchange.com/).
Comment: My bad, I was only thinking about the math component.
Answer: There is an attempt at formalization ( using algebraic concepts such as group, ring, etc) in Dubarle and Doz, Logique et dialectique.
A review here :
https://philpapers.org/rec/DUBLED-2
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/dialogue-canadian-philosophical-review-revue-canadienne-de-philosophie/article/logique-et-dialectique-par-d-dubarle-et-a-doz-collection-sciences-humaines-et-sociales-paris-larousse-1972-246-pages/8589D02F247FB6FEC4A84E1975CEC29B

In a humorous way, one could say that Hegel's Logic can be formalized as follows :
A = non-A = A & non-A
( Being is Nothingness/ Nothingness is being / Being and Nothingness are both Becoming, which, reciprocally, is both Being and Nothingness)
See : beginning of the Science of Logic.
Answer: No, Hegel's notion of logic is directly against formal logic (even contemporary paraconsistent logic).
For example, in §119 of his Shorter Logic, Hegel said that "6 miles to the west" and "6 miles to the east" are a pair of instances of "The Maxim of Excluded Middle", which is the maxim of the definite undestanding.
Hegel used the word "contradiction" in  a variety of senses: difference, contrariety, and formal contradiction (P & ~P). In his account, the journey of concept, namely, is from difference to contrariety. And therefore it leads to "ground" (grund).
But surely the example above does not count as a formal contradiction, thus not an instance of The Maxim of Excluded Middle (in the sense of the law of excluded middle). And this cannot be said as a mistake of his time. Because Lebniz would definitely never make this kind of mistake, which reminds me of the remark in a letter from Gauss to H.C. Schumacher (1 November 1844):

That you believe a philosopher exprofesso to be free of confusion in
concepts and definitions is something I find almost astonishing.
Nowhere else are they more common than in philosophers who are not
mathematicians, and Wolff was no mathematician, though he put together
many compendiums. Just look around at the modern philosophers, at
Schelling, Hegel, Nees von Esenbeck and consorts—don't their
definitions make your  hair stand on end? Read in the history of
ancient philosophy what the men of the day, Plato and others (I except
Aristotle), gave as explanations. And even in Kant matters  are often
not much better; his distinction between analytic and synthetic
propositions  seems to me to be either a triviality or false (Gauss
1863-1929, Vol. xii, pp. 62-3). (From Kant to Hilbert, p. 293.)

As for the treatment of Hegel to what he called "The Maxim of Excluded Middle", we can offer three interpretations to Hegel:

He simply made a mistake.
He targeted a strawman.
He was making a speech act, or say "destruction", or "知其白 守其黑" in Chinese.
Comment: As Devil's Advocate one could say that *it is part of the method* (harhar). Basically, truth realises itself through intuitive exploration in thinking and enaction in Hegel. Thus, any cementation of truth (like in logical laws) and lack of plasticity would go against the idea of his philosophy. It is why his logic is a *methodology of becoming*, not a system of propositions about how things *are*.


finding a an object with constant velocity on an infinite grid in discrete time steps

Question: Assume you have an object moving at a constant velocity(up, down, left, right) in a grid. You have unlimited resources (memory, time). At any given time step in the grid, you can "guess" the location of the object, and you win if it is currently at that position. Without relying on probability techniques, what would be the best way to approach catching this object?
Comment: Every way i tried I was using probability. I can't seem to wrap my head around it without using it. I'm going to work with what you showed me and report back. Thanks!
Answer: Hint: "Guess" the starting point and the velocity, and use diagonalization. (I.e. make a list $\langle p_i, v_i \rangle$ of pairs of starting points and velocities, and at time $t$ test $p_i + tv_i$.) I'll let you figure out why it works.


How do you write good PHP code without the use of a framework?

Question: Other than standard OO concepts, what are some other strategies that allow for producing good, clean PHP code when a framework is not being used?
Comment: Use a framework :) (sorry...:)
Answer: Remember: MVC, OOP and tiers are design concepts, not language constructs, nor file-structuring.
For me, this means that when not using a framework, and when there's not different teams for programming and designing; there's no value in using another template system on top of PHP (which is a template language).  Also, separating code from layout doesn't necessarily mean doing it on different files.
This is how i used to do for one-off, seldom expanded, PHP web apps:

write a 'general utilities' file, there i put some formatting/sanitising functions, as well as a few DB access functions:

getquery(): given a SQL, returns a result object

getrecord(): given a SQL, returns a record object (and closes the query)
getdatum(): given a SQL, returns a single field (and closes the query)
put all configurations (DB access, some URL prefixes, etc) on a 'config.php' file
write a model layer, either one file, or one for each object you store on DB.  There, will be all the SQL constants, present a higher-level API, based on your conceptual objects, not on DB records.

that's your 'framework', then you write the 'presentation' layer:

one PHP file for each page, starts with some simple code to fetch the objects needed, followed by HTML with interspeced PHP code, just to 'fill in the holes'.  with very few exceptions, the most complex code there should be for loops.  I make a rule to use only one-liners, the ?> should be in the same line as the opening <?php

each data-entry form should point to a small PHP without any HTML, that simply get's the POST data, enters into the DB, and forwards to the calling page.

and that's it.  If working alone, it has all the separation of intents you need, without drowning in a lot of files for a single user action.  Each page as seen by the user is managed by a single PHP file.
It's even easy to maintain, after a few months without looking at the code, since it's easy to test the app, taking note of the filenames in the URL field of the browser.  This guides you directly to the relevant code.
(nowadays, of course, i'm using Django for almost everything...)
Answer: I'd say pretty much the same as for any other language:

Don't optimise prematurely
Keep methods small
Practise DRY
Practise data-driven programming
Use sensible shortcuts (e.g. ternary operator)
Format your code well so that it can be understood by others
Don't use OO blindly
Always check return codes for errors
Enable the highest warning level and ensure your code doesn't produce any warnings
Be very careful when it comes to typing issues (this goes for all weakly-typed languages). The '===' operator is your friend.
Answer: If you ever find yourself mixing HTML and code, just STOP. You're, well...
You're doing it wrong! http://dennisjudd.com/albums/cute_cats/wrong_mike.jpg
Comment: I don't know - for personal apps that will never be edited by someone else I find mixing PHP as a template code (yes, it IS a template engine) is acceptable if it's not going to be expanded later on.
Comment: What about a foreach loop to print a bunch of objects in a table or table-like structure? I think that would be appropriate.
Answer: Really this question is quite language agnostic, as it applies to most languages where you choose to "roll your own".  Two suggestions I would make would be :
Firstly, just because you aren't using a framework doesn't mean you can't adopt the patterns for segregating code.  The MVC pattern is the minimum you should consider when arranging you source code - it makes for a much cleaner and easier to maintain collection of source code, even if the application doesn't entirely follow the routing processes associated with frameworks, having code that "does" things separated out from that which "represents" things is very beneficial.
Secondly, just because you've chosen not to use a full framework, doesn't mean you need to reinvent the wheel.  Utilise pre-packaged libraries sensibly in order to solve a specific problems.  Two good examples would be a logging framework (log4php) and a front-end rendering/templating solution (Smarty).
Comment: I think this, coupled with Bobby Jack's answer, is pretty good.
Answer: Stay away from globals as best as possible :-D
Answer: If you really do follow OO concepts, like separation of concerns, your code will be pretty good, but here are a few suggestions:

Framework or not, use MVC.
I can't stress enough how important it is to never mix your logic with your HTML. In an HTML file, PHP should be used only as a template language and nothing more.
Use a DBAL.
Separate your design from your content. A common method for doing this is using CSS heavily and having header and footer files containing the bulk of site layout.
Have a single file for option constants, like DB credentials, FTP credentials, etc.
Answer: make sure to follow standard practices of separation of concerns.  What this means is try not to mix you business and data layer with your UI.
Answer: Even If you don't use a framework, use a template engine. By using templates, you'll seperate the logic and presentation of your application. Then design, code and format the logic part like what you would do with any other language. Make the "designers" design the user interface :)
Comment: PHP is a template engine. http://massassi.com/php/articles/template_engines/
Answer: OO is not strictly necessary: it was possible to write good code in PHP < 5 too. Good procedural code, well separated into files and directories by 'logical distance' should also keep you safe. Notice, though, how this starts resembling OO from afar.
Best thing would be to be consistent: I've seen a project where Smarty was used in most pages except one -the most complex, go figure-.
Comment: The problem with procedural code in PHP is that you have to do some pretty stupid stuff (basically, run from one central function) to avoid polluting the global space, and that all non-global variables will necessarily be local.
Answer: Take advantage of PHP's in-built extensions - MySQLi for example. As these become more object-oriented the requirement for frameworks becomes less.
For example, I could create a useful TwitterApp by using the following extensions and no actual framework besides a core class to tie instances together.

MySQLi for database (PDO if you need DAL)
SimpleXML for RSS/API reading
Smarty for templating

I might need to make a few helper classes for things like Login but my usual pair of classes (DAL and TPL) are made obsolete by two very well worked extensions.


Omni-Channel: Apex trigger is not being called while a case is accepted via omni-channel notification

Question: I have a custom object called Action__c which has a lookup relationship to Case and I have written a trigger to update the owner of the Action the same time a case ownership changes. The functionality works perfectly when I test it out of the service console by manually changing the case owner it updates the related Action owners too. But when I run the same scenario on service console it isn't working and only when I switched on the debug log I realised the trigger itself is not being called. Can anyone suggest me a work around please ?
Answer: Till now this feature is not provided by Salesforce.
Because when the omni-channel feature was built salesforce people wanted to make sure that their customers didn't run into any recursive loops from workflow rules or apex triggers firing. (https://help.salesforce.com/apex/HTViewSolution?id=000228601&language=en_US)


What does "that would be that" mean?

Question: A friend of mine watches BBC Top Gear.
He sometimes hears the guys say "That would be that". What does that mean?
Answer: I don't know the context, but generally, this and similar phrases (e.g. "that's that") are generally used to mean, roughly, "The issue/task/event/discussion is done." It is generally used somewhat ironically, in cases where it has become obvious that the situation is resolved.
For example, imagine you are debating with someone about the airspeed velocity of an unladen swallow. A third person walks up, opens their phone, and finds the answer online. The discussion is complete, since the answer is found, and everyone knows it. An appropriate response would be, "Well then, that would be that."
This is a silly example, but I hope you get my meaning. It is difficult to explain without hearing it in context.
Another use can be seen here:
"I realized Otto would probably just shake my hand formally and we would have very civilized time and that would be that."
The explanation there is given as:
"That would be all (there was). There would be nothing more."
Comment: And that's all there is to it really.
Comment: It is what it is.
Comment: That's all she wrote.
Answer: Here is a snippet from King's 'The Stand'

Nick was depressed and slightly overawed by the size of the country; never before had he realized how easy it was to stick out your thumb, knowing that sooner or later the law of averages was going to favor you. A car was going to stop, usually with a man driving, and with a can of beer resting comfortably in the fork of his crotch more often than not. He would want to know how far you were going and you would hand him a slip of paper which you'd kept handy in your breast pocket, a slip of paper which read: "Hello, my name is Nick Andros. I'm a deaf-mute. Sorry about that. I'm going to _______. Thanks very much for the ride. I can read lips." And that would be that. Unless the guy had a thing about deaf-mutes (and some people did, although they were a minority), you hopped in and the car took you where you wanted to go, or a good piece in that direction.

I think, in this context it means something like 'And it was a usual way things happened' or 'It used to be like that'

What does "that would be that" mean?


Maximum number of DNS servers in Windows

Question: What is the maximum of nameservers one can enter in Windows? Are there differences in different versions? Linux has a maximum of three, which is set in <code>/usr/include/resolv.h</code>:
<code># define MAXNS                  3       /* max # name servers we'll track */
</code>
Comment: After reading this, http://www.eggheadcafe.com/software/aspnet/31521534/maximum-number-of-dns-ent.aspx, and pouring through technet I couldn't find a definitive answer.
Answer: In this puzzle of Windows limits there isn't much published information.
One just has to guess from what little information is known.
For example, Microsoft's Configuring DNS client settings says :

When DNS clients are configured
  dynamically using a DHCP server, it is
  possible to have a larger list of
  provided DNS servers. To provide an IP
  address list of DNS servers to your
  DHCP clients, enable option code 6 on
  the configured options types provided
  by your DHCP server. For Windows
  Server 2003 DHCP servers, you can
  configure a list of up to 25 DNS
  servers for each client with this
  option.

From this we can infer that MS considers 25 DNS servers to be "larger" than the default limit. Under normal conditions the limit would apparently be lower.
From Is there any limit for " Append DNS Suffix" ?

I have too many domains in my org and
  have added these domain in the DNS
  Suffix list. Issue I am facing is, it
  works perfect for the hosts in the
  higher order DNS domain ( top 5), but
  if I try to search ( nslookup) any
  host in the lower order domain ( below
  5) it fails. Also, if we move the
  lower order domain in top 5 DNS
  Suffix, it works.

Although it has been rightly remarked that this number has no direct relation to the number of DNS servers, it seems that the person who designed this interface liked multiples of five.
As a side-note, if you are interested in AD, then Active Directory limits says :

maximum number of DNS servers in an
  AD-integrated zone (without manually
  adding the details): 850 (Windows
  2000), 1300 (Windows 2003)
Comment: The DNS suffix list is not the same as the DNS server list, and I don't think there's any reason to expect the maximum number of servers in the two lists to be the same.
Comment: @coneslayer: Quite right. I found more pertinent information that I edited above.
Comment: Thanks a lot for your answer. Maybe I'll play around a bit and try to find out if something strange happens. :-)
Answer: I know that the advanced TCP/IP settings shown elsewhere with capability of many DNS server addresses has been a standard component of every Microsoft Windows DNS client going back to Windows 95 and Windows NT 4, though a DLL or method for entering them may have varied.  It may go back even further, but I didn't have to maintain a Windows IP network with older versions.
I also know that the first three hosts listed are used, because when our ISP's two hosts were unavailable, the third host that was maintained by another company was used instead.


Cannot connect to my VPN service

Question: "Failed to request VPN secrets #3: No agents were available for this request"
I tried reinstalling openvpn and network manager, and tried different ovpn profiles and made sure I entered the correct login information...
Comment: Try `sudo apt install --reinstall network-manager-gnome`. Log out and back in, or reboot. This should create an `/etc/xdg/autostart/nm-applet.desktop` that will autostart the necessary service for this. See [Carlo's answer](https://elementaryos.stackexchange.com/a/11485/13077) below, and [this Bugzilla bug](https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1394977).
Answer: Finally got the VPN working after finding the answer in the following link:
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1394977
The network manager somehow uses nm-applet (which does not run by default) to access the VPN secrets.
You can add nm-applet in the System Settings > Applications > Startup by adding the custom command /usr/bin/nm-applet
Comment: If you want to run this now (ie without relogging in or rebooting) simply run `/usr/bin/nm-applet > /dev/null 2>&1 &` from a shell. If you run it as it is, you'll get no end of bitching from Gtk. You can kill it as soon as you've connected to your VPN.
Comment: Turns out I had "deleted" nm-applet from my elementaryOS _Applications_ → _Startup_ configuration. This creates a `~/.config/autostart/nm-applet.deskop` with the key `NotShowIn=KDE;GNOME;Pantheon`. I probably thought "hmm, probably don't need that." Yeah, no. It is what makes the openconnect VPN able to prompt you for your password. Delete this file, log out and back in, and the applet will autostart by virtue of there being a `/etc/xdg/autostart/nm-applet.desktop` that comes with the network-manager-gnome package.
Answer: openvpn seems to have some troubles getting the things right, I managed to log in to vpn service with pptp protocol ( seems it's doing the right setup )
Answer: I always install software-properties-gtk after installing Elementary OS and encounter this issue everytime with PPTP.
After reinstalling ElementaryOS the last time, I decided to skip installing software-properties-gtk and never encountered the issue since. Even after multiple restarts.
I think the software-properties-gtk package breaks the VPN configuration tool since I was able to connect to a VPN (PPTP) using a fresh live USB of Elementary OS without issues.  The software-properties-gtk has been removed from Ubuntu 16.04 and might be causing issues with the newer packages of Ubuntu.
Comment: Nevermind. My VPN suddenly stopped working again.

Cannot connect to my VPN service


How to convert hair particles

Question: I have simple sphere and added some hair particles. I want to export it to obj file and i have converted the hair particles in modifier tab. And exported but i did not get the hair particles just normal sphere.
How can i convert the hair particles.

Answer: When you convert hair particles you get vertices connected by edges. Most programs will only draw faces so you won't see the hair outside of blender unless you create some geometry that can be drawn.

Convert the hair particles to mesh.

Convert the hair particle mesh to a curve. ⎇ AltC-> Curve from Mesh/Text

Add a bevel to the curve - effectively turn each strand into a tube. For the fill option, front and back will give a quarter tube, half a half tube and full will fully enclose it. The depth setting determines how big the tube is while the resolution will subdivide the tube to give a more rounded result, a resolution of zero will give a four sided tube with fill set to full. You can use the extrude value to give them an oval shape. Note that extra resolution increases the geometry to export but would provide little variation to the visual result of the small hair mesh.

Convert to mesh. ⎇ AltC->Mesh from Curve.

Export.
Answer: Select the object, then go to Object Modifers and click Convert in the Particle System menu.

This gives an extra mesh separate from the object, so you can remove the particle system from the object and join the objects together by selecting the hair and the object together (ensure object is active) and pressing Ctrl+J.
To give hair faces, set pivot point to 3D Cursor, and place the cursor in the center of the sphere and hair (if sphere and hair are in center, then just use Cursor to Center with Shift+S.)

Then enter edit mode on the hairs, and select all. Press E to extrude, then RMB. Then press R then Z to rotate on the Z Axis. Move the mouse to give thickness, then LMB to confirm.
Comment: thanks for u replying the problem im getting i have converted as i have mention in my question and with ur reference i have join with ctrl+j but when i import in keyshot i get only a normal sphere and no hair particles any solution
Comment: That's because it is simply a line of vertices. Blender's renders those hairs to they appear. You would have to extrude each of the hairs so it has faces for it appear.
Comment: can u plz clear the point (extrude each of hairs so it has faces) in detail the steps by step. thanks
Comment: I edited the post

How to convert hair particles


Android Studio crashes in Mac OS Monterey Beta 6

Question: So I recently updated my MacBook Air M1 chip to the latest version of Mac OS Monterey and suddenly my Android Studio started crashing because of which I can't connect my emulator or use Flutter with it. Can someone help me with it?
Here are my logs -
<code>Process:               studio [53499]
Path:                  /Volumes/VOLUME/*/Android Studio.app/Contents/MacOS/studio
Identifier:            com.google.android.studio
Version:               2020.3 (AI-203.7717.56.2031.7678000)
Code Type:             ARM-64 (Native)
Parent Process:        launchd [1]
User ID:               501

Date/Time:             2021-09-15 13:29:43.4753 +0530
OS Version:            macOS 12.0 (21A5506j)
Report Version:        12
Anonymous UUID:        5ACCD76D-EE29-30BD-078E-17070264723F

Sleep/Wake UUID:       23925D3A-0748-4C60-B3F3-19C83A953526

Time Awake Since Boot: 1000 seconds
Time Since Wake:       271 seconds

System Integrity Protection: enabled

Crashed Thread:        3

Exception Type:        EXC_BAD_ACCESS (SIGABRT)
Exception Codes:       KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS at 0x0000000400000000
Exception Codes:       0x0000000000000001, 0x0000000400000000
Exception Note:        EXC_CORPSE_NOTIFY

VM Region Info: 0x400000000 is not in any region.  Bytes after previous region: 6796312577  Bytes before following region: 14763950080
      REGION TYPE                    START - END         [ VSIZE] PRT/MAX SHRMOD  REGION DETAIL
      unused shlib __TEXT         26791e000-26ae88000    [ 53.4M] r--/r-- SM=COW  ... this process
--->  GAP OF 0x505178000 BYTES
      VM_ALLOCATE (reserved)      770000000-778000000    [128.0M] rw-/rwx SM=NUL  ...(unallocated)

Application Specific Information:
abort() called
</code>
The entire thing is quite long, but these are the top few lines. Any suggestions?
Answer: I had the same problem and upgrading to monterey beta 7 solved the issue I hope it does for you too.
Answer: In my own case, I got a prompt to update my Android studio after switching to Mac OS Monterey. Before downloading the update, I selected the wrong processor (Apple/Intel) and that was why my Android Studio was crashing on installation.
I hope this helps someone out there.
To check your processor type, click on the Apple logo on the top left corner of your Mac and select the first menu option that appears: About this Mac, the appropriate processor type would be displayed.


interpreting Regression chart - Help!

Question:
Hi All,
Im very new to stats and I was wondering if someone could help me make sense of the regression formula at the top of this workbook? invoice price is on the x axis and discount is on my y. thanks!
Comment: Not even vaguely useful. Take logarithms or otherwise transform the data to get rid of the heteroscedasticity.
Answer: There almost no relationship between your variables as the r^2 is 0.02.
If you were to try and model the total discount, you would start at 17% (y = 0.17) then add 0.00000001 million to for every dollar that you move along the x axis (the invoice price).
If you wanted to use these variable, perhaps you could try and normalise the data (getting the log of the invoice price perhaps) and then try and model it.
This seems to explain it simply: https://statisticsbyjim.com/regression/interpret-coefficients-p-values-regression/
Comment: There are negative % values (whatever that means), so the log won't work for the Y-axis. Cube root is an option.
Answer: The correct interpretation is that this model doesn't fit and another should be used.
Given that the x variable is price, I think taking log(price) makes sense, as logs of monetary variables often do.
But even that model may not fit that well, as you will probably still have some extreme outliers. I therefore suggest not using linear regression but using quantile regression or robust regression.
If you are really new to statistics, you should probably hire a consultant.

interpreting Regression chart - Help!


Are there any standard tests to measure psychopathy?

Question: While looking into another question on how to measure the adoption of norms, I came to wonder whether there are any standard tests to measure psychopathy.
What are the accepted standard tests to measure psychopathy?
Comment: There's also a bit of an issue with how/if people differentiate pychopathy and sociopathy. I believe the general consensus is that antisocial personality disorder somewhat encapsulates the mental picture people have. Of this fascinating conceptualized idea of a human like... this would be.
Answer: The Hare Psychopathology Checklist is considered the current gold standard for measuring potential psychopathy. If you're interested in psychopathology, the book Without Conscience by Robert Hare, Ph.D., is a fascinating read. He has a second book called Snakes In Suits, which I have not yet read, so I cannot recommend or not recommend it. Dr. Hare has a website with a lot of fascinating information and links about psychopathy.
Anyhow, the Hare Psychopathology Checklist is abbreviated as the PCL. There is the regular PCL (First Edition), the PCL-SV (Screening Version), the PCL-R (Second Edition - Revised - Adults), and the PCL-YV (Youth Version). Only a clinical professional specifically trained in administration of the PCL or PCL-R can give an accurate assessment and interpret the results. When I was working with offenders, I sent exactly three individuals to have a PCL-R assessment and all three times the offender came back as having exceptionally high psychopathy scores. When you work with offenders you learn what the psychopathy vibe feels like.
The primary purpose of the PCL, any version, is to determine if psychopathy is present. There is no perfect test to predict recidivism in any population; there are simply risk factors that, when combined together, demonstrate a lesser or higher presumption of risk for recidivism, and risk is dynamic (see below). If I may quote from the Colorado Department of Safety, Division of Criminal Justice, Sex Offender Management Board, as I did in my answer regarding pedophilia, I think this sums up recidivism in psychopaths quite nicely:

Risk is dynamic. Treatment and supervision systems must be flexible enough to impose greater external interventions during periods of high risk and reduce interventions as offenders internalize and demonstrate risk management skills.
The presence of certain character or personality disorders is a risk factor for sexual re-offense. Mental health science has no identified cure for personality disorders. As a result, long-term treatment and supervision may benefit adult sex offenders with
personality or character disorders to maintain changes and refrain from sexual re-offense.
Prediction of the risk of re-offense for sex offenders is in the early stages of development. Therefore, it is difficult to predict the likelihood of re-offense or future victim selection.

John Pick listed the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale in his answer.
When working with offenders, we administered a self-answered test called the ASUS, which addresses risk factors. As well, we administered the Level of Supervision Inventory (LSI) which also looks for risk factors in offenders on community supervision (I'm being vague here because both the ASUS and the LSI are copyrighted material).
There are hundreds of articles on psychopathy and a variety of topics. The website HALO works with law enforcement in topics in forensic psychology, including psychopathology.
Answer:
The Hare Psychopathy Checklist is often used to assess psychopathy in clinical settings. NPR has a good, but unscientific read that ponders the validity of the Hare test and its reliability in predicting criminal recidivism.
The online Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale is a test of psychopathy for research situations.

References

Hare, R. D. (2003). Manual for the Revised Psychopathy Checklist (2nd ed.). Toronto, ON, Canada: Multi-Health Systems.
Miller, J. D., Gaughan, E.T., Pryor, L.R. (2008) The Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale: An Examination of the Personality Traits and Disorders Associated With the LSRP Factors. Assessment 15(4): 450-463.
Answer: From an article entitled Can You Call a 9-Year-Old a Psychopath? in the New York Times Magazine (May 11, 2012):

Currently, there is no standard test for psychopathy in children...

The article also lists some assessments used by some practitioners for predicting adult psychopathy:

Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits
Child Psychopathy Scale
Antisocial Process Screening Device, modified
Psychopathy Checklist, youth version

In the article, some psychologists say diagnosis is impossible in children and best avoided, whereas other psychologists say early intervention is important.
If you are interested in learning about child psychopathy research and some of the researchers who are involved, the article is a good starting point. Of course, being a magazine article, it becomes anecdotal at times.
Answer: From this Are Prisoners More Psychopathic than Nonforensic
Populations? Profiling Psychopathic Traits
among Prisoners, Community Adults, University
Students, and Adolescents by
Daniel Boduszek, Agata Debowska, Nicole Sherretts, Dominic Willmott, Mike
Boulton, Krzysztof Kielkiewicz, Katarzyna Popiolek & Philip Hylandpaper, paper, I found
The Psychopatic personality traits scale (PPTS; Boduszek et al. 2016a)

is a personality-based self-reported 20-item measure designed to assess
  psychopathic traits in forensic and non-forensic populations. The scale was developed to measure
  four factors labeled affective responsiveness, cognitive responsiveness, interpersonal manipulation,
  and egocentricity. Each subscale consists of five items measured using "agree" (1) and "disagree" (0)
  format (i.e., a trait is either present or absent). Total scale scores range from 0 to 20, whereas
  subscale scores range from 0 to 5. Higher scores indicate increased levels of psychopathic personality
  traits (i.e., increased egocentricity and interpersonal manipulation and increased deficits in affective
  and cognitive responsiveness).

You can find the questionnaire, among other cool things :), in this paper
Introduction and validation of Psychopathic Personality Traits Scale (PPTS) in a large prison sample by Daniel Boduszek, Agata Debowska, Katie Dhingra, Matt DeLisi.
This is the questionnaire


Is there a way to set SystemModstamp on a newly created SObject in a unit test?

Question: I need to create a SObject in a unit test with the SystemModstamp set. I've been using Opportunities in my unit test, but I am not tied to that specific SObject. I also am not tied down to SystemModstamp (though that is what my app used in production). I really just need to be able to modify a DateTime field on a SObject. Ideally though, I would be able to set the SystemModstamp or cause it to be set. I tried inserting the newly created Opportunity, but it looks like that insert doesn't populate the SystemModstamp.
Answer: The SystemModStamp will always be set. If you requery the object in your test class it should get you the SystemModStamp:
<code>Account a = new Account();
a.Name = 'name';
insert a;

system.debug(a.systemModStamp);
system.debug([select Id, SystemModStamp From Account Where Id = :a.Id]);
</code>
returned:
<code>|DEBUG|null
|DEBUG|(Account:{SystemModstamp=2014-04-03 19:08:12, Id=001c000000Y36ucAAB})
</code>
Answer: this is one of the audit fields which salesforce managed internally. Yes, it is possible to update it but you have to open a case with Salesforce and they will allow you do that at your own risk.


Differences between 'till now', 'as of now','yet', 'up till now'

Question: I have seen phrases like the following:

Till now
Yet
Up till now
As of now

Is there any difference between their usage and meaning, or do they have the same meaning?
Answer: Till has the same meaning until has; it is just informal, and not used at the beginning of a sentence.
"Till now" and "up until now" have the same meaning.
Yet is used in negatives, and in those cases you could get it to mean that something didn't happen "up until now." Yet also mean "from now until a period of time mentioned."

They won't arrive for at least two hours yet.

I have never heard as off now being used. It could be "as of now" but I would understand that as "with regards to now." I heard "as of" used in sentences similar to "As of you, you would better be quick." and I am not sure "as of now" would be used with that meaning.
Oxford Dictionaries says that "as of" is used to indicate the time or date from which something starts.

As from 1 January, a free market will be created.

I'm on the dole as of now.
Answer: I'm going to talk about "Yet" last, because it is by far the most extensive part.

Till now

It's important to realize that this is actually a misspelling. The correct phrase is 'til now. " 'Til " (quotes spaced out so you can see the apostrophe easily) is a contraction for "until."

Up until now

This is synonymous to 'til now. The "up" doesn't really mean anything and is an artifact of colloquialism.

As of now

This phrase means "starting from now." You can think of it as the opposite of "'til now;" whereas "'til now" describes the past, leading up to the present, "as of now" describes the time immediately after the present and leading into the distant future. "From now on" is another set phrase that means the same thing. Here is an example:

As of now, we will no longer be serving breakfast in the cafeteria.

Yet

This is a much more versatile word in the English language than to be simply used for indicating a period of time. "Yet" can be used as a conjunction when the joined sentence expresses a contrasting thought, in the same way that "but" can.

I've got everything a working man could ask for, yet I feel like something is missing from my life.

It can also be used as an adverb that indicates the action a verb describes hasn't been performed.

We apologize for the delay, but our support team has yet to resolve this issue.

This construction is always "has yet to [verb]," where [verb] is the action the subject hasn't done yet. You can also use "yet" at the end of a sentence, like I just did in the last one. In this context, there is always a helping verb ("hasn't") in the phrase for the main verb ("done") which the subject hasn't performed.
To build off of kiamlaluno's answer, you can use future tense with "yet" to indicate how long it will take for something to happen. A present-tense version of the sentence kiamlaluno used using the construction I just mentioned would look like:

They haven't arrived yet.

In contexts where more formal language is required, you can also use this construction:

They have not yet arrived.

It's similar, except "yet" is always put right before the verb. Always avoid contractions in formal context.
"Yet" is a word with a myriad of uses. In the interest of brevity, I encourage you to find grammar articles about this word specifically if you wish to know its full details of usage. You can probably find a good question and answer about it on the English Language & Usage SE.


Can you reset perks and stats in Cyberpunk 2077?

Question: Is there any way to re-spec perks and stats during the game in Cyberpunk 2077?
Answer: Patch 1.3 (released Wednesday, August 18th, 2021) came with the following update:

Added a button which allows to reallocate the distribution of Perk points on a character's skill tree.

This ability costs 20,000 Eurodollars:

You can access this option from the Character menu. I don't know if they removed the Tabula E-Rasa chip from the game with 1.3; haven't played that far yet.

Original Answer:
You can re-spec your perks but not your attributes (so far--this could change in an update).
To re-spec your perks, you need to buy a single-use 'progression' shard from any Ripper Doc. These are 100,000 eddies, though, so start saving!
The shard is called a "Tabula E-Rasa" (clever play on words, that), and here's what one looks like:
Comment: "Tabula Rasa" means "blank slate" (though not literally) and is Latin. "Tabula E-Rasa" is a double entendre that means both "electronic blank slate" ("E-" is short for "electronic") *and* "erasing" (Erasa -> "Eraser" but with some slang accent). At least, that's how I read it... it may not have been intended by the developers to mean both, but if so then it's even better :-)
Comment: What's actually the word play here? "E-rasa" part is clear. But I do not get the "Tabula" part. :)
Comment: Let us [continue this discussion in chat](https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/117393/discussion-between-tylerh-and-carl-fredrik-nyberg-brodda).
Comment: @TylerH - Do you know if this item is one-time-use or reusable? If one-time-use, do the ripperdocs restock it?
Comment: @Johndt They are one-time use, but I don't know if they restock over time. I imagine yes, but haven't played long enough to encounter that need.
Comment: @Johndt It's a expensive item that's mostly useful for undoing past build mistakes.  How many of them would you expect to need?
Answer: I found a way to re-spec both perks and stats. However this approach will also reset the experience gained for each individual perk category and needs quite some effort.
Therefore you will need the Mod: Cyber Engine Tweaks (you can also find the corresponding Github repo here)
You can find the installation guide here
The Mod provides a console that can be opened with a key that depends on your keyboard language:

English - USA: ~ (tilde)
German - German: ö
French - France: ù
Italian - Italy: ò
Danish - Danmark: æ
English - UK: '

The console is using Lua. Then in the console you can execute these commands:
1.Reset spent perk points to avoid any issues that may accompany stat changes and having perks higher than should be available.
Game.AddToInventory("Items.PerkPointsResetter",1)

2.Set a variable to count the size of your attribute point pool
local points = 0

3.Get each stat value and increase points by the difference between their value and 3
Alternately get the player's level and add 6 to it
i.e. points = 56 is the maximum amount of skills to re-spec because 71 points is the amount of total points you can have
4.Set each ability and its related skills back down to 3
We want to avoid discrepancies between Attribute level and skill level.
If the player doesn't wish to lose skill levels, sucks to be them. They'll have to set them manually later using SetLevel()
Game.SetAtt("Cool",3)
Game.SetLevel("ColdBlood", 3)
Game.SetLevel("Stealth", 3)

Game.SetAtt("Reflexes",3)
Game.SetLevel("Gunslinger", 3)
Game.SetLevel("Kenjutsu", 3)
Game.SetLevel("Assault", 3)

Game.SetAtt("TechnicalAbility",3)
Game.SetLevel("Crafting", 3)
Game.SetLevel("Engineering", 3)

Game.SetAtt("Intelligence",3)
Game.SetLevel("Hacking", 3)
Game.SetLevel("CombatHacking", 3)

Game.SetAtt("Strength",3)
Game.SetLevel("Athletics", 3)
Game.SetLevel("Demolition", 3)
Game.SetLevel("Brawling", 3)

5.Give out the attribute points
Game.GiveDevPoints("Attribute", points)

Found the script in the corresponding GitHub issue
However this approach still requires a lot of manual work and I am looking forward for functionality that automates the task of reading the users level to automatically reset the attribute/stat points with one script instead of that many console commands.


How can I render in blender via GPU on my 64 bit PC that has Intel HD graphics 620 as well as radeon 27 m445 display adapters?

Question: I read a tutorial on this site about rendering in windows 7. I have installed windows 10 pro, which is similar to 7. You told me to download drivers according to my display adapters but they are not present in NVIDIA site. I am using DELL 5567 model laptop. I want to render via GPU in blender. You can see more details in my question. Please help me.
Answer: First, the radeon is an AMD graphics card, not an NVidia, so you won't find drivers for it on NVidia's site.
Second, while blender can use openCL, it demands a reasonably modern GPU. Yours seems to be a bit older, so not sure blender will be able to use it, even with the proper drivers. (see the blender documentation for more details)


How many training data should I use in multilabel classification?

Question: Now I'm using Keras to implement a multi-label classification model. Specifically, I want to classify who present in an audio clip (maximal 8 people). The label of data has 8-bit, for example, [0,1,0,0,1,0,1,1]. It means totally the data should have 2^8=256 combinations. Now I only collected part of the data (3700 samples, but only with 20 labels) for the model training. Although the model has a good performance in seen data, it performs badly for the data with unseen labels(data with other 236 labels).
I wonder how I can improve the model performance? or I have to train this model with as much as data with different labels? I think it will cause a combinatorial explosion for the data collecting workload.
Comment: It would be better to fully explain the task (i.e. what you're classifying) as the amount of data required doesn't only depend on the label space.

Also, do you mean you only have 20 data samples, or you have more but amongst them only 20 of the possible 256 labels occur?
Comment: Hi Carl. I just edited my task. I want to classify who present in an audio clip (maximal 8 people). The 20 means I collected 3700 samples but only with 20 labels among 256.
Comment: Thanks, much clearer.
Answer: General rule: use all the data you can get, keeping aside a test set and validation set.
It is unlikely there is a combinatoric issue as an 8 dimensional output is not large in the context of machine learning. Also, not all of the $2^8$ possible labels may occur, due to correlation or other inter-relationships between label dimensions (depending on the data). For example, in the extreme, all digits might always be the same so only two labels ever occur: (0,0,0, ...) and (1,1,1, ...) meaning there is effectively only 1 classification task rather than 8. In your case, maybe certain people always speak at the same time. If any combination is possible then it really is effectively 8 independent tasks, but that is not necessarily a problem.
The data requirement here is more about you learning a pattern in very-high dimensional data (sound clips) from relatively few samples (I don't know how many dimension each clip has but presumably mroe than the number of samples you have?). That means there are many possible functions that map x to y for the training data, many of which may not capture the latent structure needed to generalise (i.e. they are finding spurious correlations). In short, you are probably over-fitting. If so, remedies are:

get more labelled data if possible;
regularise, e.g. $\ell_2$ to keep weights small, $\ell_1$ to make them sparse, dropout; and
if you can get unlabelled sound clips use semi-supervised learning.
Comment: Thanks. I will get more data and have a try. I guess there is some kind of independence among these labels (eg., two persons speak at the same time). I have revised my question.
Comment: Thanks for your suggestion!


QtCreator CMake project - how to show all project files

Question: I use QtCreator to open CMake project. Some directories apart from CMakeLists.txt contains only headers files *.h and for those directories QtCreator in the project tree view shows only CMakeLists.txt. How to fix that ? I need to see all project files from QtCreator.
Answer: Viewing project as a file system is not a solution at all cause your project editor settings for example would not apply.
And I do not like to add headers to executable target, cause they do not actually belong there. You effectively cripple the project file to work nicely with one particular IDE... not good.
The cleaner option IMHO would be:
FILE(GLOB_RECURSE LibFiles "include/*.hpp")
add_custom_target(headers SOURCES ${LibFiles})

As a bonus you get your includes shown in a separate folder.
(borrowed from https://cmake.org/pipermail/cmake/2012-August/051811.html)
Answer: I would suggest you switching your project view to File System. This would display a view where you could view any file you want:

You might want to split your project view into two by clicking the second to right button, if you still desire the Projects mode.
Comment: Unfortunately the file view is flat, and therefore not a sufficient replacement for the project view.
Comment: Ok, but which statement in CMake files causes that files are visible in the project tree view ?
Comment: I am not sure. But there are declaratives in CMake specifying source code probably add restriction to what the project tree view is displaying. It is some built-in feature of QtCreator itself, I doubt.
Comment: May I ask you what resolution your monitor had when taking this screenshot? It looks very nice!
Comment: @DanielBrunner It's a MacBook Pro Retina
Comment: @feedc0de: to be precise, is not about resolution, but about DPI (dot per inches). You might have a 4K 40" screen with normal DPI (usually ~96) and screenshots will look ok. Or you might have a 4K 16" laptop witch HighDPI (e.g. ~192) and a screenshot look huge.
Comment: File system view is really good when you hide breadcrumb (attachment icon) & select your project in the path scrolldown. In project view, flat list has been fixed in QtCreator 4.11.1 (https://bugreports.qt.io/browse/QTCREATORBUG-23372)
Answer: You should add header files to the list of your source files: add_executable(${Executable} ${Sources} ${headers})
You can use GLOB_RECURSE if have many header files:
FILE(GLOB_RECURSE INC_ALL "headers/*.h")
include_directories("headers")
add_executable(main "main.cpp" ${INC_ALL})

Don't forget to run CMake again (Build>Run Cmake).
Comment: [CMake officially does not recommend](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/command/file.html) globbing your sources, because CMake then will not be able to detect when it must regenerate based on added, removed, or renamed files.
Answer: Based on another thread asking the same question, I found a generic solution to the problem, working for all IDE's (at least tested with QtCreator and Visual Studio).
Can be found here : https://github.com/sauter-hq/cmake-ide-support
# \brief adds for the given target a fake executable targets which allows all
#        headers and symbols to be shown in IDEs.
# \param target_name Which target properties should be added to the IDE support target.
function(target_add_ide_support target_name)
  if (NOT TARGET ${target_name})
    message(FATAL_ERROR "No target defined with name ${target_name}, cannot target_add_ide_support it.")
  endif()

  set (target_for_ide "${target_name}_ide_support")
  if (NOT TARGET ${target_for_ide})
      file(GLOB_RECURSE target_for_ide_srcs "*.h" "*.hpp" "*.hxx" "*.c" "*.cpp" "*.cxx")
      add_executable(${target_for_ide} ${target_for_ide_srcs})
      set_target_properties(${target_for_ide} PROPERTIES EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL 1 EXCLUDE_FROM_DEFAULT_BUILD 1)
  endif()

  get_target_property(dirs ${target_name} INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
  target_include_directories(${target_for_ide} PRIVATE ${dirs})

endfunction(target_add_ide_support)

Usage is then for any targets in the CMakeLists, add the following call (can be made in top-most CMakeLists.txt after all add_subdirectory :
include(add_ide_support.cmake)
target_add_ide_support(some-target)

Comment: I had a problem with the accepted solution not being able to look up some external headers (from the Pointcloud library PCL) in my own project's header files. Applying this approach instead resolved the issue.
Answer: You can try CMakeProjectManager2. Code to display all files already propagated to upstream as a proof of concept. Concept applied but code can't be applied as-is for some reasons. So, simple wait feature in upstream.
Answer: There is a closed bug report about this issue: CMake project shows no files.
In that particular case the issue was with the chosen generator, Ninja, which is not well supported by QtCreator.

Please change that to "CodeBlocks - Ninja". Creator needs the CodeBlocks extra generator.
You should see a warning about that when hovering the kit (and the kit should have a warning icon in front of its name).

Using CodeBlocks - Ninja solved it for me too.
Overall, it may help to try up a few generators...


minimum statistically significant sample size

Question: I have 400 groups of data (different locations). Each group have between 5 and 200 samples. Each sample have only one categorical variable that can take a value among 4 possible ( 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd' ).
I'd like to compare the distributions of the different groups. To do so, I need to discard the groups with very few sample (statistically insignificant). I'd like to find the minimum group size in this case, in a mathematical way (without running empirical tests).
Comment: You are using the word significant wrong there. The concept of significance is problematic enough as it is, but it doesn't apply to sample sizes, only to test results.
Answer: You can retain the groups that have a small sample size. This is no problem. The modeling technique you want is called multilevel modeling. You can model the variance between the groups, and get an estimate for the different categorical variables. Groups with small sample sizes will not contribute as much to the estimation as will groups with large sample size. There is no need to discard small groups unless they are irrelevant to your results.


After I publish a post where does it go

Question: I did not set up my Wordpress blog. So I don't really know how to use Wordpress. I got an email from godaddy saying I am using to much space. I can delete a lot of post. I just don't know where to delete them from. Should I delete them from my Wordpress site or my C Panle in godaddy. Where do the files go after I publish a post. Any help is appreciated.
Scott
Comment: No specification as to where that space is used? If your run your own domain the primary suspect is a mail spam folder that does not get cleaned automatically (so no Wordpress at all).
Comment: And if it is Wordpress taking up the space, I'm almost sure that there is some plugin that tells you where that comes from: comments, posts, media,....
Answer: You can just delete the posts from your wordpress site, but you are likely going to want to look at the media section of your wp site, as if you have many videos or photos on your site, those will take more space than just a post. When in your wp admin panel, on the left you should see a nav menu with one option being media. Delete what you don't need out of there and see if it frees up the space you need. The posts will go into the wp database, so it's better to delete them out from wp itself rather than editing the database.
Comment: Unless the message specifically states that the database is too large, running out of space is usually a reference to file uploads. You can delete all of the posts and it may not help - definitely checkout your media library

After I publish a post where does it go


How do I install Apache modules?

Question: I have installed Apache 2.2 on my Mac OS X 10.4 machine, from source.  Now, I want to download/add/install/enable modules.  For example, I'd like libphp5, mod_rewrite, etc.  How would I go about finding and adding these modules to my installation?
Answer: You have to use apxs.

apxs is a tool for building and installing extension modules for the Apache HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) server. This is achieved by building a dynamic shared object (DSO) from one or more source or object files which then can be loaded into the Apache server under runtime via the LoadModule directive from mod_so.

I'm sure there are a lot of howtos depending on which module you want to install.
Answer: The simplest way is by using the 'a2enmod' command from the command line. That will enable modules for you, and a2dismod to remove them.
For the PHP modules, you may need a different solution - compiling it first, for example. But rewrite and several others will work happily with the above commands.
Comment: Aren't a2enmod/a2dismod Debian-specific?
Answer: Before installing any modules, you could check if the desired module is already available in the httpd.conf file. In the case of my config file, there is already mod_rewrite available, I just need to uncomment that line.
#LoadModule actions_module lib/httpd/modules/mod_actions.so
#LoadModule speling_module lib/httpd/modules/mod_speling.so
#LoadModule userdir_module lib/httpd/modules/mod_userdir.so
LoadModule alias_module lib/httpd/modules/mod_alias.so
LoadModule rewrite_module lib/httpd/modules/mod_rewrite.so
LoadModule php7_module /firstname.lastname@example.com/lib/httpd/modules/libphp7.so

Comment: Please don't post screenshots of text that can be copied and pasted. Copy it and post it properly formatted instead.

How do I install Apache modules?


how can I conditionally change the default_url_options?

Question: Because I'm running a rails app within Facebook's Iframe, I am restricted from using the Rails Session variable. I was able to successfully change my urls to include the would be session details as parameters in all of my url links by doing this:
src: default_url_options and rails 3
class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base

  #each url should pass the signed_request hash in params
  def default_url_options(options = {})
    if 2 == 3
     { :parsed_signed_request => @parsed_signed_request}
    end
  end
end

My question, however, is - how can I conditionally change my default URL only to effect certain actions and views.  The current set-up causes errors on views that are not passed the @parsed_signed_request variable.
My Error looks like this: undefined method ``reverse_merge`` for nil:NilClass
There has to be a way to only do this on individual actions.
Answer: I think you want to return an empty hash if 2 does not equal 3.


Which human cells have the longest and shortest lifespan?

Question: Which cells in a human have the longest lifespan? Which cell has the shortest lifespan?
Comment: Neuronal cells do not divide. Mature ones anyway
Comment: The time a cell spends before it divides should be considered its lifespan in the sense of the question? As it is often heard: cells that divide are immortal (see comment above). The question is not about the shortest span between cell devisions; there might be related questions.
Answer: If we define lifespan of a human cell to mean the period during which the cell survives with the same function in a human then..
LONGEST (LIFETIME)
Stem cells. Many types of stem cell form during embryogenesis and persist with the same functionality through to death. would be the longest lived (e.g stem cells that form blood cells such as lymphocytes, red blood cells and platelets).  Stem cells are found in many tissues including self-renewing ones such as the blood/bone marrow, gut epithelium and skin.
VERY LONG (YEARS-DECADES)
Neurons are long lived and are generally non-mitotic.  However, recent studies are raising questions about the degree of cell division in the 'mature neurons' of the brain.
Memory T-cells and memory B-cell (which can be activated and secrete antibodies as 'plasma cells') can provide long-lasting immunity from exposure to antigens in the environment and vaccines.
LONG (FEWER YEARS-DECADES)
Oocytes (eggs)..which are present at birth but which become functionally mature in waves  during puberty.
RACE FOR THE SHORTEST
Labeling studies show that mature gastric epithelial cells live for a few days.
The top layer of skin epithelium is sloughed off every few days.
Sperm cells live for days and are expended or re-cycled.
Mature neutrophils have a circulating half-life of around 8 hours but they can persist as mature forms within the bone marrow for a few days before entering the circulation and they may exit the circulation into depots such as the lung.  So the 8 hours is too short for their actual lifespan.
Answer: Some mature neurons can last a lifetime.  Gastrointestinal cells such as those in the colon might be shortest-lived, and skin may give them a run for their money.  However, depending on how you define lifespan, egg and sperm cells could beat those numbers.  Also, some immune cells only last a few days under certain scenarios, such as the aptly-named short-lived plasma cells.


Any engine that can play like Petrosian?

Question: So, I am a big big fan of Petrosian and his Style. I tried to search for engines that can actually try to imitate it's style, instead I found Tal's engine (Opental 1.1). Can anyone help me?
Comment: You can have engines that claim to imitate player X but I don't think you can't find any that is successful at it
Comment: I think chessmaster software has a Petrosian style.
Comment: Place a - before all parameters of Opental? :-)
Answer: Avataruci.org has an interesting way to mimic your own style. You can get all of your games in one pgn and upload it, get a weight file and run the with their engine. It will try to imitate your style. Similarly, download Petrosian's games from pgnmentor and try doing it (I think they already have his weight file in their website, you just have to download it from there).
Answer: You can use Rybka chess engine, his skills are similar to Petrossian style.
Answer: ShashChess which is a Stockfish derivative has a Petrosian UCI option which you can use to make the engine play in a similar style to Petrosian. There're also options for Tal and Capablanca, moreover you can mix these options (e.g. Tal+Capablanca). Read more here in the documentation: https://github.com/amchess/ShashChess#shashin-section


What is a word for an employee who works at geographically different location than the rest of the team?

Question: I am aware of the word remote, but in these times, remote has come to mean people working from home. I am trying to distinguish that from someone who works at a remote location.
Answer: I think detached  employee  is the expression you are looking for:

In the case of employment, under the agreement, a detached worker is an employee whose employer sends him or her from one country to work temporarily in the other country for the same employer or for an affiliate of that employer.
Comment: But what if the employee's location is in the same country as the rest of the team, just in a different city?
Answer: Not one word, but one generally refers to an employee who works at geographically different location than the rest of the team as a field-office worker, i.e., a person who works in a field office or in the field. From Lexico:

field office: a subsidiary office located in the field, away from a main office or headquarters
in the field: (of an employee) away from the home office; working while traveling


Eclipse Plugin and ADT modification for API Integration in Create Project menu

Question: I plan to create a plugin that is relevant to API integration for Android projects. Where i would be able to check/mark API's which i want to add and it should add all the relevant files and integrate the example in the Main_Activity / or the default activity which user creates.
As a starter i need to know that:

1) Do i need to start studying eclipse code or ADT Plugin only?
2) Is there is any such plugin already available?
3) Which category of the ADT i need to start learning such that i can
  start working from it in the Create android project menu?

So far i have started checking the ADT code. Nothing is on web so i can't tell you what i have done.
Comment: Since the ADT Plugin is all but deprecated by Google, IMHO you would be **far** better served either creating your own Web-based generator (think [Android Bootstrap](http://www.androidbootstrap.com/), your own Gradle plugin (possibly in conjunction with something for Android Studio), or work on [the Andmore project](https://projects.eclipse.org/projects/tools.andmore) (the Eclipse Foundation's plan for a long-term Eclipse-based Android IDE).
Answer: I see that New Project Wizard is implemented in the IDE Plugin. The source is available here: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/sdk/+/master/eclipse/plugins/com.android.ide.eclipse.adt/ You may want to look into the code and the templates folder for more details
Answer: Few things that you should know:
1) ADT Plugin is Deprecated; However
2) NO such thing already exists like what you want.
3) Android Creates Project using Templates like this

So, If you want to add an example to the code. There are two ways

Have your own mini language so that the example integration code be generated
Have predefined templates like Google already have

4) Before you start from the ADT Plugin you need to understand THIS.
5) Better add Windows Builder to Eclipse JDT environment (The one you require for Development).
6) You may also need to understand the working of NewProjectCreator in adt before you start doing the filing thing in the project.


What does "expensive fate" mean?

Question: In Pop Singer Billie Eilish's song, there are the lyrics "Maybe it's in the gutter/Where I left my lover./What an expensive fate!". What does it mean?
Answer: Because she is taking the point of view of a serial killer who has literally killed her lover, What an expensive fate probably refers to her own fate. The price she will pay is high, because the police know about her and are coming for her soon, and she will be sentenced to death for killing her friends.
It's not a convincing pathology of a serial killer, but not bad for a 15-year-old songwriter.
Answer: Actually if you listen to her singing the acoustic version the line is

What an expensive fake,

which probably means she poured a lot of time and effort into something that was ultimately worthless/not what she thought it was, like her revenge or even the original relationship.

What does "expensive fate" mean?


Circle of Apollonius Textbook locus question

Question:
In the Locus 10, I get it till the point when it says that given triangles AOM and BOM, we have $$AM^2\ =\ OM^2+OA^2-2OA*OD$$And the same for $BM^2$, where does the author come to this conclusions??, I've been trying to understand this for some couple of hours. Thanks.
Comment: $OD$ equals $OM \, \cos AOM$. Can you relate the expressions to the cosine rule?
Comment: These are Euclid's Propositions II-13 and II-12: https://mathcs.clarku.edu/~djoyce/java/elements/bookII/propII13.html https://mathcs.clarku.edu/~djoyce/java/elements/bookII/propII12.html
Answer: The quick way to do this is to use the cos rule, as Paul Aljabar mentions. But if you don't know the cos rule you can do it using Pythagoras' theorem, essentially proving the cos rule.
We want to show
$$AM^2 = OM^2 + OA^2 - 2OA \cdot OD$$
We have two right triangles, $MDA$ and $MDO$. Thus
$$MD^2 = AM^2 - AD^2 = OM^2 - OD^2$$
So
$$\begin{align}
AM^2 & = OM^2 + AD^2- OD^2\\
& = OM^2 + AD^2 + OD^2 + 2AD \cdot OD - 2OD^2 - 2AD \cdot OD\\
& = OM^2 + (AD + OD)^2  - 2(OD +AD) \cdot OD\\
& = OM^2 + OA^2  - 2OA \cdot OD\\
\end{align}$$
Answer: we have by the Theorem of cosines
$$AM^2=OM^2+OA^2-2OM\cdot OA\cos(\angle AOM)$$
further we have $$\cos(\angle AOM)=\frac{OD}{OM}$$
Answer: For fun:
Polar coordinates and trigonometry.
Consider a circle with radius $1$ centred at $(0,0).$
Choose $2$ points on the circle:
$A (\cos\alpha,\sin\alpha)$, and $B(\cos\beta,\sin\beta)$.
Let $\alpha > \beta$. The points $A$ and $B$ on the circle specify a chord of a certain length determined by $\alpha$ and $\beta$.
Midpoint $M$ of $AB$:
$1/2(\cos\alpha +\cos\beta, \sin\alpha +\sin\beta).$
Squared distance of $M$ to origin:
$r^2:= (1/4)×$
$[(\cos\alpha +\cos\beta)^2+(\sin\alpha +\sin\beta)^2]$;
$r^2= (1/4)×$
$(2+ 2(\cos\alpha\cos\beta + \sin\alpha\sin\beta) $;
$r^2= (1/4)(2+ 2\cos(\alpha-\beta)).$
Locus of $M:$
Keeping $\alpha-\beta$ constant, I.e. considering chords of a specific length, we move around the circle by varying $\alpha$.
Since $r$, the.distance $OM$, depends only on the difference $\alpha -\beta$, we find that the locus of $M$ lies on a concentric circle with radius r.


Using Dublin Core to mark up pdf files

Question: Hey I am new to using dublin core and have been assigned a task to map some data, which is mostly pdf files (mostly lecture notes) into dublin core. I have no idea where to or how to get started. I read the dublin core documentation but it did not give me an idea of how to get started? I would like for someone who has worked with this before to please outline the process for me, or at least point me to a more descriptive resource about dublin core than the main dublin core website which doesn't do a good job of explaining the process at all.
Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Answer: Starting at the end, dc.dot will assign dublin core automatically to a document.  DC dot, ukoln
Bear in mind the usual caveat with automated metadata - it is not normally as good as human generated metadata.
Going up a level,
With regard to manual generation, the first thing to determine is what properties of the resource you want to define, eg. title, and what properties you don't.
Going up another level, why do you need to use DC at all?

Using Dublin Core to mark up pdf files


Photometric redshift

Question: I have decided to do undergraduate thesis on "estimating photometric redshift" or something related to this using machine learning. Reading previous papers, I have come to know that work has been done on this topic using support vector machine, artificial neural network, Bayesian approach and even deep learning. Can you suggest what are the  modifications or additions that I can possibly make?
Comment: This is a reaaaally broad question. Like broad enough to have three PhDs and two postdocs working on it.
Comment: The up-voting suggests that people feel this is an interesting question, but as currently written it's probably too broad for a Stack Exchange answer to cover it. Can you add some more information to the question, perhaps what it was that suggested to you that it would be a good topic?
Answer: The process of determining photometric redshift includes, e.g.,:
1. objects of interest
2. types of data (e.g., one epoch multiple filters, one filter multiple epochs)
3. method of analysis (including model, and algorithm)
From what you mentioned, those are just algorithms. So, you might take a look around on other aspects as listed.
Comment: Thanks. Can you please add few more details about type of data?
Comment: I don't know how to elaborate about that topic at the moment. I think it pretty much explains itself. May be, someone else can help on that. Or, if I can think of something later, I will let you know.
Comment: Ok can you just explain what you meant by "one epoch, many filters and one filter many epochs"?
Comment: Epoch = date
Filter = for example, UBVRI bands
one epoch, many filters = for example, observe today in UBVRI bands
one filter, many epochs = for example, observe today and tomorrow in U band only

Photometric redshift


installing ubuntu 13.10 latest problem

Question: I have 4 partition drive c,drive d,drive U ,drive e in my hard drive then I installed Ubuntu 13.10 on drive e which is empty .during the installation I use something else option..I make drive U: ext4 and I make drive e swap. then I click installed..after installing I can't find the two drives? help me please..
Comment: did you find it on gparted?
Answer: ubuntu dont have drive c, d, e, ... at all - thats something for windows.
in linux (ubuntu) type "mount" in your terminal to see mounted devices... if you dont see your drives take a look in /etc/dev (terminal): "cd /etc/dev && ls -lah | grep sd" then you should see the hard drives (sda, sdb, sdc etc. - and for each partition on your hard drive there is a number: sda1, sda2, sda3, ...)
"none-root" drives usually mounted to /media/...
if your are running gnome you should have a program called "gnome-disk-utility" that could help you (this is a gui)

installing ubuntu 13.10 latest problem


motion sensor light with a three way switch

Question: I want to put a motion sensor light in my breezeway.  Right now the light is controlled by a three way switch.  Will I ab able to do this installation.
Answer: Sure. The three way just allows two switches to turn a light on and off. The motion sensor limits the controlled light, if it is set to go on, only when it senses motion.
Effectively, the three way switches prime the light to go on and the motion triggers it. The switches determine if there is power to the light socket.
The motion detector (which controls power after the switches) then either turns the light on or off based on motion.
The problem is that it will be difficult to determine when the light is primed to go on. Regular switches (single pole, one way) are on when up and off when down.  However, for three ways, up on a given switch an be on or off depending on the orientation of the other switch.
How do you know if the motion sensor controlled device is ready to go? If you can see both three way switches at the same time, a practical way to do this is to set up the switches so that they are on when both are up or down and off when they are not in the same position.
UPDATE: If you can't see both switches at the same time, you cannot know the motion controlled device is ready (ON) unless you set up some sort of pilot light. There are three way switches that are illuminated when off, such as this one.

<code> Images and links are for illustration only, not an endorsement of goods or sources
</code>
Answer: No, don't do it that way.  It will be way too confusing, just as Bib says.   You would have to memorize the switch pattern in order to know if the motion sensor will activate.
Run the switches and the sensor in parallel.
This way either can control the light.   Well, either can turn the light on, but not off if the other is on.
Answer: Putting a single-pole motion detecting switch in the middle of a 3-way circuit (or even in parallel) would result in non-intuitive behavior as the other answers already describe.
However, instead of putting a motion detecting switch in the middle of a 3-way lighting circuit, consider replacing one of the current 3-way switches with a 3-way motion-detecting switch (this an example of one).
This would give typical 3-way switch behavior and also a light that automatically turns on in the breezeway which may meet your needs depending on the desired functionality and the current locations of the switches.
E.g. Assuming that you want the light to come on automatically when you enter the breezeway from the garage: If one of the 3-way switches is in the garage near the breezeway entrance, you can replace this 3-way switch with a 3-way motion detecting switch and the light will now turn on automatically as you enter the breezeway from the garage.
Answer: Some of the responses above are over-complicating this very simple project.
While standing next to one of the switches, can you see the other one from across the room? If so, (1) single-pole motion sensor switch will be sufficient. Buy a blank cover plate to put on the wall where the other switch used to be, as you'll remove it to avoid confusion.
If you have to go around a corner or through a door way or some other obstacle to see the other switch, then you may want to buy (2) SINGLE-POLE motion sensor switches. This is only necessary if you want the light to come on when movement is seen on both sides of the obstacle.
Remove both of your 3-way switches. There were two "traveler" wires A and B that connect the two switches to each other. Typically these are black and red. You will no longer need one of these wires, so cut the tip off the end of the red wire at both switch boxes to eliminate its bare copper portion. Cover each end of this wire with a small wire nut or securely tape over its end with electrical tape, and tuck it back inside the back of each box in the wall.
Install a single-pole motion sensor switch in the switch box that would give it the best view of the area you would like it detecting motion. It will connect to the remaining two wires that used to connect to your old 3-way switch. Because it will need a little bit of power to operate the sensor itself, the motion sensor switch will also need to be connected to the white neutral wires. You'll probably find a couple of white wires tucked back behind the old switch with a wire nut on them. Remove that wire nut and connect the white wire from the motion sensor switch to it and then replace the wire nut.
If you need a second motion sensor switch at the other location to sense movement on both sides of some obstacle, install it in exactly the same manner. Make sure they are both SINGLE-POLE motion sensor switches. DO NOT buy the 3-way motion sensor switch model version as those are only necessary in extremely rare complex scenarios which simply isn't this. If there's no obstacles and you do not need a second sensor, then connect the other two wires together that were previously connected to the old switch in the other box and put a wire nut on them. Tuck the wires all back into the box and put a blank cover plate over it.
Consult with the manual to configure how many minutes you want the light to remain on after motion has ceased.
Comment: Note that with 2 single pole motion sensors in parallel, you'll get an "OR" function.  This is  mostly fine, but could lead to confusion if you try to use the manual override functions on both sensors.


How to buffer PDF pages on CALayers in iPhone

Question: I am working on a PDFReader application.I am making use of CALayer to render the pdf contents.currently one pdf page is being rendered at a time and is displayed on the visible view.I want to buffer few pages(say one previous page and one next page for example) in advance while the user is reading the current page.Can any one please suggest me a better way of achieving this buffering mechanism?Thanks in advance
Answer: You can take a look at this open source PDF viewer for iOS, it implements the features you asked about: http://www.vfr.org/2011/09/pdf-reader-viewer-v2-2/
Answer: If you want to draw some content in the background, you can look into using the Grand Central Dispatch API, and drawing using Core Graphics commands. You will need to be careful about thread safety, such as checking/waiting for the background drawing to finish before trying to the push the results to the display.
I found a quite useful post, Image manipulation and drawing using Quartz in the background threads, on ensuring that you only use thread safe commands to create your drawing context (the example creates a bitmap context, but obviously you will be looking to create a PDF context using CGPDFContextCreate or similar).


Why electrical resistance decreases with cross sectional area?

Question: With increase in cross sectional area the number of atoms with which electrons will collide will also increase in the same proportion. So basically the resistance shouldn't change with increasing wire thickness. Then why is it inversely proportional to cross sectional area?
Comment: it is related to probability of the electron colliding,small area probability of a atom getting multiple Collison in a given time,and relaxation time is very less
Answer: Think of cross-sectional area as consisting of numerous individual wires in parallel. Adding more wires in parallel decreases the resistance of that circuit path. So, bigger cross sectional area = more wires in parallel = lower resistance.
Answer: The question points out to the distinction between the resistance and the resistivity. Resistivity characterizes the material and remains constant whatever is the cross-sectional area. Resistance characterizes the total flux of the electrons, which is increasing proportionally to the number of holes between the atoms where the electrons can pass (adopting the simple model of resistance implied in the question).
One can think of it as water flowing on a rugged surface: ifthe density of the obstacles is the same, the density of the flux will be also constant, but the total flux is the bigger, the wider is the flow.
Answer: In a rough physical sense, you can define resistance as the function of number of collisions electrons undergo during it's motion through three conductor. When the cross sectional area increases, the street for the electron gets less cluttered up and hence it can move with lesser number of collisions. However, that is a very naive explanation. A more general explanation would be to say that by definition, we can write :
$R$= $ρl/a$
And hence the inverse proportionality relation is responsible for increase in area, decrease in resistance property.
Answer: there is an intuitive answer that requires almost no math. We know that electrons can travel through a wire. For a given wire of given diameter (and given length), we can measure the current or amount of electrons passing through the wire per unit time. There is a force driving this movement of electrons that we call a voltage difference between where the electrons enter the wire and where they exit the wire.
Resistance is simply the ratio of the magnitude of the voltage difference compared to the amount of electrons that exit the wire per unit time. Regardless of any of the physics that determine this ratio (resistance),it is obvious that two identical wires (same material, length and diameter) with the same voltage difference from one end compared to the other, will transmit the same amount of electrons per unit time. Obviously, two such identical wires have exactly the same diameter or cross-sectional area. In this case, two such wires will transmit twice as many electrons per unit time compared to only one wire.
Assuming no other physical phenomena related to increased cross-sectional area affect  the transmission of electrons through the wire, then a single wire of twice the diameter or cross-sectional area of two otherwise identical wires, should transmit twice as many electrons per unit time. In other words, the wire resistance should decrease directly proportional to the diameter or cross-sectional area of the wire.


Writing a AWK script by taking the input file as an argument

Question: I'm new to Linux, so this might be a relatively simple task but my research failed me.
I want to write a awk script where it should iterate through a input file which has only one word per line and assign it to a variable, and I have to do some string operations on it.
I'm quite confused with how to take the word on each line (by referencing the input file entered in the terminal) and assign it to a variable.
Comment: Did you already read the awk manual?
Comment: This question would be much improved with examples of 1) the file you intend to parse, 2) what you're hoping the output will be like and 3) a sample of what you've already tried so far.
Comment: What be the variable(s) that you want to assign to?
Answer: If each line has a single word on it, awk would put that word in $1 ("the first field").  You can then extract it from there and put it in a variable if you like, with var = $1.  Regardless, you can do any string operation that you wish by operating on $1 (or var, if you assigned the value to that variable).
For example, assuming each word looks like word=otherthing and we'd like to output only otherthing:
awk '{ split($1, a, "="); print a[2] }' infile

or shorter,
awk -F '=' '{ print $2 }' infile

$2 is the second field on each line, and with -F '=' we tell awk that the fields are delimited by =.
You don't mention what it is you need to do, so I won't give more examples.
You may also write this as a script that a user can call directly:
#!/usr/bin/awk -f

BEGIN { FS = "=" }

{ print $2 }

This would be saved in a text file, made executable (with chmod +x script.awk), and then a user could call it with
./script.awk infile

... assuming the #!-line pointed to your awk binary.
Comment: Thank You. The Script file worked for me. But I assigned like this var=$1.
Comment: how do you specify the infile inside the script file itself?
Comment: @ychaouche By taking the first or second command in this answer and making that into a shell script (which just means adding `#!/bin/sh` as the first line and making the file executable).
Comment: thanks @Kusalananda. I out there's another solution where you set ARGV[1] and ARGC to 2 inside the BEGIN block. [Source](https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/programming-9/how-to-read-a-file-inside-awk-874908/#post4327324)
Comment: @ychaouche If that works for you, then go with that. It's an unusual and awkward way to misuse the internal command line argument variables, and I would never suggest writing code like that.


I can't move Apps to My SD card, the button isn't there

Question: I need to move some or any apps to my micro SD card, because I am all out of space, but there isn't a "move to SD card " option. It's not just grayed out, it's gone.
The SD card is formatted as internal storage, and It does seem to be connected to the phone properly. I even tried to migrate the data over several times but with no results.
I tried linked2DS but I keep getting error messages saying "Linked2SD could not gain root access" but I don't know how to give it access? If I even have it?
Answer: Use Lucky Patcher as move to sd card. start lucky patcher press on app and move to external card.


What mean two dots on same transformer winding

Question: I know the dot mean the start of the winding, but on this schematic the same winding have two dots, i can't find info regard this on internet so i come ask what that means.
I meassure the 7 and 5 and give infinite resistance.
That's from a TV PSU, not outputing any DC safe voltage, secondary coils are all 0V.

Schemantic PDF download
Comment: Mighty strange indeed!
Comment: Hey, did you figured out what was wrong with the schematics/ or the transformer?
Comment: Just looking at the schematics I have no idea what that coil 5-7 is used for, and on my PSU (also vestel garbage 17IPS10-3) it also seems open.

Also i get the connection between 1 and 4. For which im starting to think the transformer is bad since 1 goes dirrectly to RECT AC
Comment: No, i end to order another PSU, but the problem was not with transformer
Answer: That means you're out of luck with that diagram, they really screwed up. The direction of the first coil will not be able to be determined from the schematic. You could pull it out and run a waveform from a signal generator to determine the directions.
If the coil from 7 to 5 really is open (and you believe the schematic) the transformer is probably bad (or the schematic is wrong).
Comment: looks like the diode/capacitor network is across pins 5 and 7 (DIODE_OUT) ..... maybe the transformer is available with the 5-7 winding in either direction, and the two dots mean that it does not matter which version is used .... only guessing at it though
Comment: I have added the schemantic link on post. All parts and labels are correct with the board and schmenatic, only this seen incorrect or maybe have a hidden meaning for the manufacture?
Well i can try probe C919 to PIN 7 and check if theres a connection, if so the schemantic is ok and the transformer can be damaged? All other pins are OK and have the correct voltage, like RECT_AC, 6,3 NC, so i belive schemantic is correct
Comment: Added board picture


In Doctor Who "Arachnids in the UK" what happened to the spider in the Apartment?

Question: What happened to the spider that was left in the apartment in the building where Yasmin's family lives in? The Doctor told the spider to stay and then close the apartment door and that was the last we see of this situation.
Comment: We also don't see what happens to the other spiders. It's just implied that they found a solution.
Comment: They lured them all to the hotel, didn't they? I assumed it include the one found in the apartment building.
Comment: @MrLister - I'm sure that previous Dr Who episodes they provided a quick glimpse of the final outcome, but why not show a quick reference to the Spider solution instead of implying a solution was created... I just like closed endings to make the episode complete... but maybe they will return to the spider epidemic in another episode?
Comment: @tilley31 - I understand that they use the speakers in the panic room to lure the spiders but how did it travel all the way to the apartment? It would've need to be some awesome speakers and bass to travel all the way to the apartment... I don't think that they even pointed the speakers to the ground to get maximum vibrations.
Answer: As in almost all of the episodes in this season so far, the "enemy" turns out to be an innocent victim of the real enemy, mankind. In the end, the spiders were just brought "home" and trapped, and we saw that their exponential growth (which would continue through their lifespan) would eventually kill them anyway.
The spider that was left in the flat would therefore either:

have returned home and been trapped when the mother called them; or
have died due to its abnormal growth before it was able to.
Answer: At the middle of the episode, we can see that spiders where very numerous around the hotel area. There is also a dead spider in Graham's house which died of starvation.
We should assume that now that the threat is known (just Earth mutated spiders who escaped), the scientific lab will just have to search for the remaining spiders found on the map, even the one in the appartment, before they grow the size of a car...
Comment: Assuming things to complete the episode is just too harsh for the audience, they could've had a quick shot of exterminators walking around to provide some closure. If the audience has to assume things then what is the point of watching Dr Who... In Dr Who, she/he gets into trouble and saves everyone... and hence no need to turn on the TV... kinda boring.

In Doctor Who “Arachnids in the UK” what happened to the spider in the Apartment?


Problem with text messaging on new xs iphone with shared itunes account

Question: We just recently got the new iphone xs.  We have a shared account with several devices.  For some reason, when I text my daughter it goes to my husband or vice versa.  The same thing happens when my husband or daughter try to text each other, it comes to my phone and not theirs.  My husband has tried to update every setting but it's very frustrating.  Any thoughts?  I know it's been mentioned setting up separate iTunes accounts for each person, but would it allow us to share already purchased or downloaded music because we have hundreds of songs.
Any help would be greatly appreciated!!!  Thanks. AJ
Comment: grg has a good solution. Also note if you are sending messages to an Apple ID via email address instead of a unique email or phone number it will go to any device associated with that Apple ID email.
Answer: You can have separate Apple IDs for Messages and FaceTime while keeping the same Apple ID for iTunes & App Store. Create an Apple ID for each person, then log into this Apple ID in Settings under Messages and FaceTime, leaving the existing Apple ID for iTunes and App Store purchases.
Comment: We are sending the text to the their cell phone number which we have on the account.  It's just very strange as we never had this problem with our previous ones.  Thanks for the info on creating the Apple ID for each specifically for the text msgs and FT.  We were just worried we wouldn't have access to the iTunes playlist we have stored.

When we do that will we have to reset anything with the new id's or just go into settings and add the new apple id?
Comment: Settings > Messages > Text Message Forwarding is likely the setting that's different.  FWIW, appleIds are meant to be used per user, from there add Family Sharing to share resources. (Which isn't actually a perfect solution if any device in the mix is shared between users).


I've sent a small low priority transaction with insufficient fee with blockchain.info wallet, what will happen next?

Question: I've sent a transaction which has a <0.01 BTC output, with zero fee using blockchain.info Android client. It is not being relayed (violating memory pool rules of bitcoind). What can I do to recover the Bitcoins that participated this transaction?
Answer: You can do two things

Wait until the transaction gets relayed. Transactions without fees usually get relayed as well, but often a later than those with a fee.
Send a new transaction spending the same outputs, with a fee. It's possible that some miner will accept it eventually. This can be tricky when you use blockchain.info's wallet. It's called double spending, you can probably find some information on that elsewhere, like on bitcointalk. That article suggest that you import the private key from the address you send from to Bitcoin-Qt and try to do the same transaction again from there.
Comment: OK, the transaction just disappeared from blockchain.info after 48 hours, and now the Bitcoins spent in this transaction are back in Blockchain.info wallet balance, so I am free to spend them again.
Comment: Can you explain step by step how can we "send a new transaction spending the same outputs" using the Bitcoin.info?