How to keep aglio olio warm?

Question: I realize aglio olio is best consumed warm. When it cools it's not as nice as the oil thickens.
Am I putting too much oil or should I use a thinner olive oil?
Comment: related : http://cooking.stackexchange.com/q/7202/67 .
Answer: If you are referring to the pasta dish, don't make the aglio e olio until you put your pasta in the water.  Then, when pasta is a minute or so from being finished remove it from the water and place it into the pan with the aglio e olio to finish cooking.  Add a little pasta water to emulsify.  Serve. In this scenario, it should never cool during preparation and the entire dish only takes as long to make as the cooking of the pasta.
Answer: I grew up in Italy.
Aglio olio is not always served warm. Not because the chef wants it that way, but simply because the pasta is so minimal that without the specific heat capacity of a tomato or cream sauce, it tends to cool very fast. Spaghetti has a lot of surface area so it cools quickly.
The 3 principle things you can do are:

Remember that the pasta is still cooking when you transfer it to the dish, so don't overcook it. Don't use the Asian approach of running water over the pasta to stop the cooking process....instead, just do the transfer early and assume it will keep cooking.
Warm the dish in the oven  beforehand. Pasta can lose a LOT of heat to a cool or room temperature dish via conduction.
Serve promptly. Aglio olio is a quick dish to make so you should have no excuse for not serving immediately after its ready.

Buon appetito!

How to keep aglio olio warm?


Can multiple wallets send 1 transaction for the combined balance?

Question: I have multiple wallets, I want to transfer all of the money to 1 wallet of some other person. But I want to do this as one transaction to avoid fees. Is this possible with bitcoind API?
Comment: For programmers interested in the underlying technical question here (unrelated to BitcoinD service), the Bitcoin protocol itself is capable of making a transaction from multiple inputs of different wallets according to this answer here: https://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/a/51687/4325 --- I have not verified this claim, am just sharing for reference.
Answer: If you are using a wallet which supports importing private keys, such an Bitcoin Core, you can just import the private key of your other wallet: https://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/a/5944/14325


Is running a portable air con unit on a highly loaded circuit going to be a problem?

Question: The electrical situation in our house is that almost all of the outlets are on the same circuit/breaker and when there is too much load the breaker will trip. We need a new cable run to part of the house to separate the outlets... It is warming and I decided to plug in the portable air conditioner. I am concerned that if there is too much load in the house the voltage supplied to the portable air con might be too low, which in particular I know motors don't like... In this situation could the voltage be low enough to cause problems or will it be ok until the electrical upgrades are done?
Answer: The breaker will trip before the voltage sags, but if you're tripping breakers with any regularity, you have bigger problems.
It's time to have a marking party and label each outlet/device for which breaker it is (give them names like Thor  Hulk  Ironman etc).  Get a Kill-a-Watt measure the actual amps of the appliance.  Then label that too.  Now you aren't flying blind.  Tell the family "no more than 16" or whatever.
You will find that almost all the load comes from a very few appliances.  Don't make coffee with the A/C on, or whatever.
Comment: We are only tripping the breaker when lots of high wattage appliances are being used at the same time. If we use a sandwich maker while the ceramic heater is on it will trip and sometimes with power tools also. So will the voltage to the AC not be damaging in this case? I have my computer on an UPS and I'm pretty sure it is on the same breaker as the AC, so using the UPS monitoring on my PC would that give me some idea of what the voltage is doing on this breaker/circuit?


How are .NET websites hacked?

Question: I have heard many times that hacking .NET websites is different from others.  What's the technique used by hackers to hack .NET websites, and how can we secure .NET websites?
Comment: Can you provide some links to articles you have read?
Comment: I forget where I heard?
Answer: I think you were misinformed.  .NET websites aren't intrinsically different from any other websites.  On modern topologies, the website runtime is sufficiently separated from IIS so that escalation attacks shouldn't be any easier than e.g. a Java site running on Tomcat and Apache; the default templating engine, Razor, and its immediate predecessor (to a lesser extent), both prevent most common HTML injection attacks; sessions are secure by default; the framework provides strong XSS defeneses; and so on.  This is almost exactly what I'd be saying for any modern framework in any other language—and as in those, you'd be looking for places where a well-meaning developer bypassed things like the HTML injection protection to get something done, and then to exploit it.
There's lots of unique stuff to .NET, but only the same general sense that I could make the same statement about Java, Python, or Ruby, and none of it is related to how .NET intrinsically.

How are .NET websites hacked?


Will my health insurance provider report my STD testing to my (policy holder) parents?

Question: I'm an 18 year old male looking to get a 10 panel STD test done in Illinois. The testing is a bit expensive, but according to my parents insurance provider, Blue Cross Blue Shield, which I am covered under, the cost of the test should be covered. However, I don't necessarily want them to be aware that I am getting a test, as it is not a conversation I want to have. So my question is, if I get the test and ask insurance to pay for it, does the insurance send some form of "notice" that the testing was covered to my parents?
Answer: You need to ask the insurance company that question but the answer is probably yes. What they receive probably won't say what the test was. It will most likely just list the company that billed it plus something generic like "laboratory."
Under US law the insurance company can't discuss what the bill was for with your parents without your written consent, but I'd say they're going to be curious and probably concerned when they see the bill so you're going to need an explanation. I can't imagine any lies that would be believable. If I were them I would think either you have a medical problem you're not telling us about or they were STD tests, and as a parent I'd much rather find out it was the latter. It's not unreasonable for a college student to seek STD testing.
One thing to consider is unless you're trying out for a role in a porn flick, do you really need a full battery of tests? While some STDs can be silent (eg, HIV), most come with symptoms, at least initially.


Google extremely slow only on Windows machines

Question: Just in the past day, I have started to have a network issue where any page from Google takes an extremely long time (>10 seconds) to load. Other websites are fine; this issue only seems to happen with Google. I initially encountered this on a Windows 8.1 machine running Chrome. Ping times for www.google.com were about 20ms and there didn't seem to be any dropped packets. I thought it might be an issue with my router or my Comcast internet access, so I had tried rebooting my machine to Ubuntu, where I found that I could not reproduce the issue, Google was perfectly fast there. I also have an Android phone connected to my Wi-Fi network, and connections to Google are perfectly fine there as well. I thought it could be some malware or network or firewall configuration issue, but I have a second machine machine running Windows 7 that started having the same issue at exactly the same time, so I'm not sure what would have affected us both. BTW, I do not have a proxy set up. I verified through Internet settings that there is no proxy configures and proxy auto-detection is turned off. Both of these Windows machines are connected to my router through CAT6 cables, one directly, one through another switch.
I was originally running Chrome 61.0.3163.100, and I thought it might be an issue with Chrome, but I also ran into the same problem running Internet Explorer 11 and Firefox 46.0.1 on the same machine. I also downloaded Chrome Canary, and that also had the same problem. To take a typical example, here is the network console from a query in Chrome Canary:

Looking at the timing for that 18s query, I get this:

In other words, almost all of that time is spent with the query being stalled. If I look at the event log in chrome://net-internals for this, this is what I see:
Log dump from Chrome Canary
It looks like in this case it has made a request that the server just ignores until the connection times out, and then it works fine on a reattempt. There is also a related HTTP2_SESSION log for this query:
HTTP2_SESSION log dump from above query
This looks like it ends in a socket error, but I am finding very little information online on error 101. In another attempt, I got this:
Second log dump from Chrome Canary
In this case, it seems like it just opens the connection and doesn't do anything until it times out. Am I misreading this? Incidentally my download of Chrome Canary paused for a very long time after downloading 500k of it, before finishing the rest of the way. Here are the logs for that (from Chrome 61):
Chrome Canary download logs
I also have some related HTTP2_SESSION logs for that download:
HTTP2_SESSION logs for Chrome Canary download
It looks like here the download just stopped until Chrome had to ping the connection and then send another request. I have quite a few similar HTTP2_SESSION logs that show connections going idle for a long time until pings fail, but they usually end with an error 101. I am not sure what the issue is here. So you know this is not a Chrome issue, I also have a similar timeline from F12 Developer Tools in IE 11:

Here it seems to spend quite a lot of time in the "Start" stage of the query. It seems to be a bit more intermittent in IE 11. Sometimes queries run fine, sometimes they time out. I thought this might be an issue with HTTP/2 under Windows, since all of the sessions with issues are HTTP/2 sessions, but I have tried other HTTP/2 sites that work fine.
One other thing I tried was setting the user agent on Chrome on Ubuntu to the same one Chrome on Windows was using, which was Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/64.0.3259.0 Safari/537.36. That did not change anything. Google under Ubuntu works fine.
My DNS is set up to use Comcast's IPv6 DNS server of 2001:558:feed::1, which resolves www.google.com to 2607:f8b0:4007:80a::2004 or 126.96.36.199. I also tried using Google's DNS server of 220.127.116.11, which resolves www.google.com to  2607:f8b0:4005:806::2004 or 188.8.131.52. Setting 18.104.22.168 as my default DNS and then flushing Chrome's DNS cache also did not fix the issue.
After trying the IPv6 address for Google's DNS and having that completely fail, I disabled IPv6 in my network adapter, and now everything is working fine again. Oddly, my Android phone also is using IPv6 via Wifi and is not having the same problems. I also tested this on my Ubuntu install, which is set up to use IPv6, and tried with the Google DNS IPv6 addresses, and it worked fine. This could be because a poor IPv6 implementation in either my Arris TG862G router or my local Comcast internet, but that doesn't explain why it only affects Windows machines. If it is at all relevant, the IPv6 on my router is set up for stateless, not DHCP. The only change I have made to my network recently was that I updated the DD-WRT version of a secondary access point/switch (originally a Netgear router) that my Windows 8.1 machine does not use but the Windows 7 machine does. The Netgear router is strictly IPv4.
I switched out my cable modem/router for a newer one, and that seemed to fix the issue for a day, but now, 24 hours later, it is happening again. Still have to disable IPv6 on my Windows machines. Now running a fresh Windows 10 install, and still having the same problem.
Comment: Please don't post comments like the above; we prefer that you [edit] your question to incorporate any information that clarifies, completes, or enhances the question.  Don't use big **EDIT** headings, and don't put the new information at the end.  Just work it into the narrative where it belongs and/or makes sense.  I did the first one for you already.
Comment: Does the behavior exhibit itself if you don't use a proxy?  What about a different proxy?  How about a different DNS provider?  Update your question.  Don't reply as a comment.
Comment: How are the machines connected to the internet? Wireless or wired? I appreciate all the investigation you did here, but even after that this looks like a simple case of a bad internet connection. We can try to explain that away with other details without being sure or we can try to support the most obvious thing - that these machines have a less than perfect connection to the internet until we are positive that is not the case. There could also be another factor, like a similar internet security product on the Windows machines - something that could interfere with that "perfect" connection.
Comment: Try another browser. Try a complete junk file cleanup of the OS and browser.
Answer: It sounds to me like the problem is at Google's end.  One of their cloud instances, the one that the algorithm that assigns a cloud instance to serve a request has chosen for your IP and operating system (Windows) combination, is malfunctioning. After the timeout it switches you to another one which works.
At least, the last time I saw this kind of behavior (not from Google, from a webservice I was involved in testing) that was the cause.
If you do another Google request immediately after the 10 second + one, within 2 seconds of that one completing, does it still take 10 seconds? Or does that one work faster?  In our case additional ones immediately after the slow one resolved faster as it sent the request to the working one till it forgot about the failure.
The good news is, if I'm right, this should correct itself fairly soon as Google figures out one instance is messed up and reboots it...
Comment: The logs I showed above do show that when a connection fails, it reconnects, and then one works fine, so that is a possibility. But I also tried setting the user agent on my Chrome on Ubuntu to say it was Windows Chrome. I didn't see the problem then. The issue also only seems to affect IPv6 hosts. I was able to fix it by disabling IPv6 on my Windows machine, but IPv6 works fine on non Windows machines.
Comment: If this was a temporary network misconfiguration, it doesn't seem very temporary. It's still happening a month later, and it now seems to be affecting my Android phone, which doesn't have a way to disable IPv6 without rooting it.


Find a point on root locus for specific damping ratio

Question: Although I have seen many types of root locus plots which have some curved behavior, I cannot find the poles for which my system has a given damping ratio of \$ \zeta = 0.59 \$.
I need to somehow find the intersection point between the root locus path and the damping ration line by hand, without using MATLAB for the following 3rd order system:
$$ G(s)= \frac{K}{s(s+3)(s+7)}$$
Comment: well, then explain what you want. Since a damping ratio only makes sense for a **second order** system.
Comment: **MASSIVE HINT:** Utilize the general characteristic equation of \$s^2+2\zeta s \omega + \omega^2\$ ...... Then you need to use your factoring skills you learned from Algebra. This will help you find your poles.
Comment: The system is 3rd order system G(s)= (K/s(s+3)(s+7)). If It was second order systems it will be easier since the root locus will break away and leave stright
Comment: This is information that is not explained your original post and therefore, I believe [this question](https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/350571/how-to-find-damping-ratio-of-a-4th-order-system) might provide some details you may need. However, you may find that you still need to provide a characteristic equation to find what you're looking for.
Comment: remember that those poles lie in the line \$ s_0 = - \omega_n (\zeta  + i \sqrt{1 - \zeta^2 } )\$, you have the \$ \zeta \$ and must find the \$ \omega_n \$. But you will probably have to write the closed-loop equation of the system \$ H(s) = \frac{G(s)}{1 + G(s)} \$.
Comment: It's obvious it's 3rd order system each pole represent a one degree and we can see 3 poles in the graph
Comment: @jDAQ this works for 2nd order system not for this system
Comment: Also, is this homework? Have you had any similar exercises? How did you solve them? Did any of them have a damping ration even being of order higher than 2? This seems really hard for a pen-and-paper problem.
Comment: The damping ratio of a 2nd order system IS the damping ratio irrespective of frequency applied. A third order system shakes things up a bit but, the damping ratio remains what it was.
Answer: The third pole at S = -7 recedes away from the origin along the negative real axis, its effect on the overall transient response becomes less significant. It may generally be ignored if its magnitude is at least 10 times greater than the real part of the complex conjugate roots (which it is).
Therefore you can treat the 'curvey' part of the locus as though your system was second order.
To determine the values of the pair of complex conjugate roots you can use a graphical method.
Damping ratio, zeta = 0.59. Draw a line on your root locus plot from the s-plane's origin to the locus at an angle of cos^-1(0.59) to the real axis. Now you can read off the axes the real and imaginary values of the poles level with where the line from the origin crosses the locus.
You now have the complex conjugate pole values and only need to determine the value of the third pole. You do this by solving the characteristic equation with various values of k inserted.
Characteristic equation = S(S+3)(S+7) + K = 0
Enter various values of K into this equation and solve for S until you converge on the pole values for the complex conjugate pole values which you obtained earlier graphically. You now also have obtained the third pole value and as a bonus you have the value of K which gives these three pole values at a damping ratio of 0.59.
The difficult part is repeatedly solving the cubic equation and I am unable to help you with that.
EDIT

Firstly, you need G(s)H(s), the loop transfer function. I've assumed that you have unity feedback and so H(s) = 1.
Secondly, your K (capital K) is not actually the gain because your transfer function is in standard form.

Where k (lower case k) is the dc open loop gain.
Putting your transfer function in the form necessary to isolate k.

The denominator of the closed loop transfer function (the characteristic equation) now becomes:-

This means that K = 21k
Where k is the dc open loop gain which is to be varied.


Learning laws of aveilut when your parents are alive?

Question: Is it appropriate to learn the laws of aveilut when both your parents are alive? Or is there a superstition that it could be dangerous to them?
Comment: @DoubleAA Yes IMO. But one can distinguish those who need the knowledge for others (_rabanim_) from others.
Comment: I know the Rabbanut in Israel and Yeshiva University both require studying these laws to be ordained and neither TTBOMK has a requirement or even a suggestion that their rabbis be missing a parent. Does this information qualify as an answer?
Comment: @DoubleAA Very little justifies endangering their lives, but perhaps whatever mechanism learning _avelus_ endangers lives by doesn't work if the learning is necessary for others. (It's plausible if we grant that such a mechanism exists. After all, perhaps the mechanism is because the knowledge needs applicability, which is present already for rabbinic students. Or something.)
Comment: Can learning ever cause a negative effect? Aderabah!
Comment: @msh210 We could also distinguish students with black hair from those with red hair, but I don't see why either distinction is relevant. There's very little which would justify endangering one's parents lives.
Comment: Ultimately the laws of aveilut are emphasizing the 13th of Rambam's principles of faith. Rather than causing something negative, it is leading to eternal life and an increase in good.
Comment: I don't know why the second choice is just called "superstition". From the answers, there are obviously halachic authorities who treat it as potentially dangerous. Perhaps the question should be fixed.
Answer: Here it brings the following sources on the matter:
The Chasam Sofer (Shut Y.D. 346) was concerned about it and spoke about pushing off the learning until the coming Tisha B'Av.
Sefer Chassidim (261) is an interesting source. He says you should learn them because they aren't learned generally. So there you have the existing practice of not learning them except when needed, but the Sefer Chassidim not agreeing with it and regarding it as a neglected part of Torah.
R Shlomo Zalman Aurebach was not at all concerned about it, and found it surprising that these Halachos were not learned.
Kenses HaGedola (Y.D. 245:3) writes that the concern is only when it is part of a group study, however privately learning them is not a problem.
Comment: +1 - my question to R' Berger (in my answer) was actually regarding learning in a group setting.  Now that you mention it, I think he actually said that it should be done in private. I guess he held like the Knesses HaGedola.
Comment: +1 Chassam Soffer also had his Yeshiva fast before they started learning Gitten and Chulin.
Comment: Please see the hemshech of the Sefer Chasidim. He actually was somewhat concerned and said to daven no harm befalls you, and also only to learn it privately. He is actually the source in the Shayarei Kenesess Hagedola they bring. See them inside. (Also the Shut Chasam Sofer is 346, not 341)
Answer: R' Yosef Berger told me not to learn the latter half of Mo'ed Katan while both parents are living.  This was to learn through the sugyas of the gemaras, not just to learn the laws of aveilus, and he said not to.  The question I asked him was about if the group I was learning with should begin this topic.  He said that it should be done in private.  He seems to have held of the Knesses HaGedolah in Yishai's answer.
R' Moshe Heinemann also advises people not to.  There is an old "legend" told in Ner Israel, which I never confirmed, that R' Heinemann had a small chabura of 5 guys who wanted to learn hilchos aveilus with whom he began studying.  Over the course of a year, 2 or 3 of them had a parent pass away.  R' Heinemann cancelled the chabura.
Comment: I bet cancelling their learning was a great Zechus for the Niftar.
Comment: I do not assume that.
Comment: @DoubleAA You assume instead they went and watched football?  I don't know why you would assume that.
Comment: @DoubleAA So then I don't understand your seemingly sarcastic remark.  You could clarify for me or we could just leave it at that.
Comment: sounds like nichush according to Rambam.
Answer: When we learned for Smiche, Dayan Zimmermann (The Rov in Gateshead) told us that people should learn Aveilus BEFORE they need it. Otherwise one will make mistakes when it needed.
Answer: Rav Chaim Kanievsky was asked if a sick person is in critical condition is it permissible for the relatives to learn hilchos aveilus or is it poseach peh l'Satan? Rav Chaim answered that when it comes to learning Torah and halachos there is no concern, and one is able to learn these halachos, but it is preferable to give a little bit of  tezedaka before to protect them.
Text Leket Halos Hameetzyos 3:page 108 :
Comment: A public lecture may be diff as noted in one of the answers
Comment: Interesting. I learned Masechet Moed Katan in depth, once a week, with a group in Israel. The Rav (from Bnei Brak) was worried about chapter 3 (laws of aveilut) and went to R Chaim to ask what do to. R Chaim told him to start ch. 3 during the three weeks; once we had started, we could continue at anytime. So we learned chapter 1, jumped to chapter 3 during the three weeks, then went back to where we stopped in ch. 1 and finished to the end.
Answer: When Rabbi Eli Mansour was teaching Gittin, I believe in the 11th Daf Yomi cycle, he noted at the beginning of each lecture that the sponsor was sponsoring it in the merit of it not needing to be a practical reality.  As such, one might see learning the laws of avelut as a good thing before one becomes an avel in the merit of not becoming an avel.


How do you Screen Scrape?

Question: When there is no webservice API available, your only option might be to Screen Scrape, but how do you do it in c#?
how do you think of doing it?
Comment: If the results are important, then I don't web-scrape - it's not reliable.
Comment: Python's [BeautifulSoup](http://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/) and Ruby's [Nokogiri](http://nokogiri.org/) set the bar for this task, with powerful, usable APIs. Afaik, there's no .NET library that can hold a candle to them. I don't know why this is, and it needn't remain so.
Comment: *You didn't write that awful page. You're just trying to get some data out of it.*
Answer: Matt and Paul's answers are correct. "Screen scraping" by parsing the HTML from a website is usually a bad idea because:

Parsing HTML can be difficult, especially if it's malformed. If you're scraping a very, very simple page then regular expressions might work. Otherwise, use a parsing framework like the HTML Agility Pack.
Websites are a moving target. You'll need to update your code each time the source website changes their markup structure.
Screen scraping doesn't play well with Javascript. If the target website is using any sort of dynamic script to manipulate the webpage you're going to have a very hard time scraping it. It's easy to grab the HTTP response, it's a lot harder to scrape what the browser displays in response to client-side script contained in that response.

If screen scraping is the only option, here are some keys to success:

Make it as easy as possible to change the patterns you look for. If possible, store the patterns as text files or in a resource file somewhere. Make it very easy for other developers (or yourself in 3 months) to understand what markup you expect to find.
Validate input and throw meaningful exceptions. In your parsing code, take care to make your exceptions very helpful. The target site will change on you, and when that happens you want your error messages to tell you not only what part of the code failed, but why it failed. Mention both the pattern you're looking for AND the text you're comparing against.
Write lots of automated tests. You want it to be very easy to run your scraper in a non-destructive fashion because you will be doing a lot of iterative development to get the patterns right. Automate as much testing as you can, it will pay off in the long run.
Consider a browser automation tool like Watin. If you require complex interactions with the target website it might be easier to write your scraper from the point of view of the browser itself, rather than mucking with the HTTP requests and responses by hand.

As for how to screen scrape in C#, you can either use Watin (see above) and scrape the resulting document using its DOM, or you can use the WebClient class [see MSDN or Google] to get at the raw HTTP response, including the HTML content, and then use some sort of text-based analysis to extract the data you want.
Comment: DOM would be best, but watin, looks rather interesting..
Answer: Use Html Agility Pack. It handles poorly and malformed HTML. It lets you query with XPath, making it very easy to find the data you're looking for. DON'T write a parser by hand and DON'T use regular expressions, it's just too clumsy.
Comment: Don't use RegEx indeed. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1732348/regex-match-open-tags-except-xhtml-self-contained-tags/1732454#1732454
Answer: The term you're looking for is actually called Screen Scraping.
One thing you have to consider about scraping web sites is that they are beyond your control and can change frequently and significantly. If you do go with scraping the fact of change ought to part of your overall strategy. E.g. you will need to update your code sooner or later to deal with a "moving target."
Here are a couple of C# links to get you started:
http://www.cambiaresearch.com/c4/3ee4f5fc-0545-4360-9bc7-5824f840a28c/How-to-scrape-or-download-a-webpage-using-csharp.aspx
Answer: Here are sample C# code which will help you
Uri url = new Uri("http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-US/");
if (url.Scheme == Uri.UriSchemeHttp)
{
    //Create Request Object
    HttpWebRequest objRequest = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url);
    //Set Request Method
    objRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Http.Get;
    //Get response from requested url
    HttpWebResponse objResponse = (HttpWebResponse)objRequest.GetResponse();
    //Read response in stream reader
    StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(objResponse.GetResponseStream());
    string tmp = reader.ReadToEnd();
    objResponse.Close();
    //Set response data to container
    this.pnlScreen.GroupingText = tmp;
}

Answer: Just one thing to note, a few people have mentioned pulling down the website as XML and then using XPath to iterate through the nodes. It's probably important to make sure you are working with a site that has been developed in XHTML to make sure that the HTML represents a well formed XML document.
Answer: From a practical perspective (I have written dozens of "web-interactive" apps over the years), I finally settled on Watin combined with CSQuery.
Watin provide the basics of browser automation (interacting with buttons etc), while CSQuery lets you use jQuery style syntax to parse the page content.
I used Selenium for a while (also designed for automated testing of websites) with IE and FireFox, but found it to be prone to crashing when used for long-term scraping. All my current production systems are Watin + CSQuery and provide reliable scraping of multiple websites on a daily basis.
Note: I realise Watin has not been updated for a while, but "if it ain't broke, use it!" :)

How do you Screen Scrape?


What does "propagate" mean in QFT?

Question: Studying QFT, one finds the term "the field propagates" and I'm not sure I understand what it means. For example, in QED, one finds that $A_0$ "doesn't propagate" because its conjugate momentum $\Pi_0=\frac{\delta\mathcal{L}}{\delta(\partial_0 A_0)}$ is zero. What should one understand from this sentence?
From what I understand, this is used to show that the components of $A_\mu$ aren't all independent because they need to fulfill the gauge condition that $F_{\mu\nu}\rightarrow F_{\mu\nu}$, but I can't see how the term "propagate" would mean this.
Answer: Technically speaking, a propagating field in QFT is by definition a field with on-shell DOF, cf. e.g. this Phys.SE post. The terminology is inspired by wave propagation in the theory of waves.
Answer: Gauge invariance is a red herring here that adds extra complication without helping address your question, so let me just focus on a scalar field $\phi(x)$ for simplicity. Loosely speaking, you can think of a field operator $\phi(x)$  as creating or annihilating a particle at position $x$. In this way, the time-ordered two point function $\langle 0 | T \phi(x) \phi(y) | 0 \rangle$, can be thought of as the probability amplitude for a particle to be created at $y$ and later found at $x$. This is why the time ordered product is referred to as a propagator (specifically the Feynman propagator).
In a real-space perturbative expansion of correlation functions, you see many integrals appear like
\begin{equation}
\int d^4 w G_F (x,w) G_F(w,y) G_F(w,z)
\end{equation}
If you draw this integral as a Feynman diagram, it would correspond to an edge connecting the vertex $x$ to the vertex $w$, and two lines leaving $w$ to approach $y$ and $z$. We say this diagram represents the amplitude for the particle to "propagate" from $x$ to $w$, and then for two particles to be created at $w$ and for the two to propagate to $y$ and $z$. The idea is that the interactions between particles are local, so particles "propagate" from one interaction to another, and then eventually to asymptotic infinity where they are eventually captured by a detector.
I would not recommend taking the words too seriously. A Feynman diagram is really just a term in a perturbative expansion for a given correlation function. And, furthermore, often the momentum-space representation is more useful than the real-space one. The word "propagate" here is essentially a gimmick to give some physical intuition behind terms in this expansion.
Comment: But this meaning of "propagating degree of freedom" is already present in classical field theory, and is not specific to QFT. The version I mentioned in my answer (which I guess is not what you wanted to know) is why we use the word "propagate" to represent certain terms in QFT.
Comment: So what does "doesn't propagate" mean? That a particle has zero probability to be created somewhere and be found somewhere else? Also, how does your reasoning apply to just one component of a particle with spin ($A_0$ in my example)?
Comment: @MauroGiliberti First, the more physical way to frame things is in terms of particles. For particles with spin, you need to form more complicated statements like "a particle at position $x$ with polarization $p$ propagates to position $y$ to with polarization $q$." *Fields* represent particles, and the polarization index corresponds to a spacetime index on a field -- loosely we can associate the two polarization states of a photon with the spacetime index $\mu$ on $A_\mu$. However, because representations of the Lorentz group and the Poincaire group don't align, (...)
Comment: (...) there is a gauge redundancy that removes unphysical degrees of freedom from $A_\mu$. This is needed since $A_\mu$ has four components but a photon only has two polarizations. If you work out the Hamiltonian of electrodynamics, you'll find that $A_0$ appears as a Lagrange multiplier enforcing a first-class constraint (Gauss's law). The other components $A_i$ have conjugate momenta, and because of this we call them propagating degrees of freedom. The first class constraint removes one component and its conjugate momentum, and we are left with two unconstrained dofs -- 2 polarizations.
Comment: Alright so there are two distinct meanings! One is "propagating field" = a field whose propagator isn't zero, and one is "propagating dof" = a dof which has a conjugate momentum variable. Correct?
Comment: @MauroGiliberti I think what you'll find is that a lot of physics language is imprecise and you can't always pin down a mathematical definition. The loose picture of "propagation" is that a wave gets generated at point $A$ and propagates to point $B$; there are a lot of contexts where this comes up and mathematical ways to represent this. In the context of your question, a propagating dof is one for which you need to specify initial data for it and its conjugate momentum. This implies that it exists n the Hamiltonian formulation with a conjugate momentum, so $A_0$ (a Lagrange multiplier)...
Comment: ...isn't propagating. And, *some* combination fo the $A_i$ is not propagating, because there is one constraint (Gauss's law) and you aren'f free to specify initial data for all 3 $A_i$ independently; only 2 of them. I don't agree with the "propagator being zero" idea -- the Feynan propagator depends on the gauge choice, and there are gauges (like Lorenz gauge) where $\langle 0 | T A_0(x) A_0(y)| 0 \rangle$ is nonzero.

What does "propagate" mean in QFT?


displaying the angular get response in html table format in a div

Question: I am working on angular-fullstack generator. I am getting the data in response of get request which is in form of integer values
 (1 ,2  5,6  134, 245  236,567  415,234 and so on)
I want to show these values in my front end in form of html table with two columns that it will look like following
     col1  col2
       1    2
       5    6
      134   245 and so on

below is my html div where i want to display it

My angular controller code for http get
$scope.getdata =function(){
$http.get("/getdata" ).success(function(response){
$scope.output=response;
})

The table should be get adjusted according to the content coming from the response.
Thanks in advance for reply.
Comment: Have you tried anything to generate your table?
Comment: Does it's response like this 1,2,5,6 or  like

1,2  --first row
5,6 --2nd row
Answer: Read about ng-repeat
Based on structure of your data, you could use something like

    {{cell.value}}

You could of course write your own directive, or if you know the incoming structure beforehand,specify cells accordingly (as to avoid nested repeat)
Tracking can be useful for larger datasets


How to scare dogs away from attacking a child?

Question: A friend of mine with a one-year-old child lives in a neighbourhood with many aggressive, poorly trained dogs who sometimes get out without a leash. Obviously, the best thing is to avoid a conflict in the first place (e.g. keeping the child away from off-leash dogs, talking to the dogs owners, introducing the child to some of the dogs), but how can my friend prepare for the worst case that a dog attacks the child? Will a dog whistle scare the dog away? Is there something like pepper spray that will affect dogs but not children?
Comment: Related: https://pets.stackexchange.com/questions/31329/how-to-coach-dog-child-meetings-at-the-street
Comment: Related: https://pets.stackexchange.com/questions/7917/non-lethal-weapons-to-scare-stray-dogs?rq=1
Comment: Related: https://pets.stackexchange.com/questions/1910/how-do-i-protect-my-dog-from-other-dogs-that-are-loose-when-were-walking?rq=1
Answer: First of all, dogs usually don't attack people or children without being provoked. Many attacks on children happen because the children touch a dog in an uncoordinated way (like poking the eye) or their running and playing triggers the hunting instinct of the dog. Another provocation is entering the territory of the dog.
If the dogs are mostly behind fences and just sometimes escape to the street, there's a low risk that they perceive parts of the street as their territory. I would take a child by the hand or carry them on my arms or shoulders (depending on how scared the child is) and walk on.
If these dogs are on the street most of the time, or they're stray dogs, there's a higher risk they will attack people. However, "attack" means mostly "bark at people", not bite them. I would always carry a child on my shoulders to keep them safely away from the dogs and to avoid flailing or running away. A child is always the easiest target and these dogs know it!
In some places it's usual to carry a stick where aggressive stray dogs live. Usually just carrying the stick is enough to deter any attacks because the dogs don't want to get beaten. In a pinch, anything that looks even remotely like a stick can help, like an umbrella or a newspaper rolled up along the long side.
A more portable alternative is to tie a somewhat heavy object (like a carabiner or a heavy rubber ball) to one end of a rope, dog leash or tape. In case of a dog attack you can start swinging the rope in a circle and smack the dog in the head with the object. Please be very reasonable with the choice of this object. You want to deter an attack, not kill the dog or cause permanent damage.
If you are in the unfortunate situation that a dog is actually attacking you and trying to bite you or the child, the safest option is to climb onto the roof of the nearest car and call for help.
A dog whistle is no proper tool to stop an actual attack. The dog will simply ignore it. Other methods like pepper spray or a loud horn (similar to a Vuvuzela) that can actually stop a dog will also effect the child. This is especially true for "inaudible" whistles or sound emmiters that produce a frequency too high for most adults to hear. Children may still be able to hear them and even if you cannot perceive the sound the sound pressure (loudness) can still damage your own ear.


Lisp Executable

Question: I've just started learning Lisp and I can't figure out how to compile and link lisp code to an executable.
I'm using clisp and clisp -c produces two files:

.fas
.lib

What do I do next to get an executable?
Comment: You could use `compile-file` instead.
Answer: I was actually trying to do this today, and I found typing this into the CLisp REPL worked:
(EXT:SAVEINITMEM "executable.exe"
                 :QUIET t
                 :INIT-FUNCTION 'main
                 :EXECUTABLE t
                 :NORC t)

where main is the name of the function you want to call when the program launches, :QUIET t suppresses the startup banner, and :EXECUTABLE t makes a native executable.
It can also be useful to call
(EXT:EXIT)

at the end of your main function in order to stop the user from getting an interactive lisp prompt when the program is done.
EDIT: Reading the documentation, you may also want to add :NORC t
(read link). This suppresses loading the RC file (for example, ~/.clisprc.lisp).
Comment: On ccl on mac os x 10.9 i am having a problem cretaing executables.
`(save-application "/full/path/to/saved-app" :prepend-kernel t)`
double clicking the produced executable file enters on terminal showing very long errors starting with a one like error: problems loadiing bundle:can't determine class name and ending with the kernel debugger options. On ccl on windows i simply define a function and do the same above to save executable, later i can double click the output file it runs and remembers my defined function, ccl on mac dont remember also when i save image and load it to kernel manually
Answer: This is a Lisp FAQ (slightly adapted):

*** How do I make an executable from my programme?
This depends on your implementation; you will need to consult your
  vendor's documentation.

With ECL and GCL, the standard compilation process will
   produce a native executable.
With LispWorks, see the Delivery User's Guide section of the
   documentation.
With Allegro Common Lisp, see the Delivery section of the
   manual.
etc...

However, the classical way of interacting with Common Lisp programs
    does not involve standalone executables. Let's consider this during
    two phases of the development process: programming and delivery.
Programming phase: Common Lisp development has more of an
    incremental feel than is common in batch-oriented languages, where an
    edit-compile-link cycle is common. A CL developer will run simple
    tests and transient interactions with the environment at the
    REPL (or Read-Eval-Print-Loop, also known as the
    listener). Source code is saved in files, and the build/load
    dependencies between source files are recorded in a system-description
    facility such as ASDF (which plays a similar role to make in
    edit-compile-link systems). The system-description facility provides
    commands for building a system (and only recompiling files whose
    dependencies have changed since the last build), and for loading a
    system into memory.
Most Common Lisp implementations also provide a "save-world" mechanism
    that makes it possible to save a snapshot of the current lisp image,
    in a form which can later be restarted. A Common Lisp environment
    generally consists of a relatively small executable runtime, and a
    larger image file that contains the state of the lisp world. A common
    use of this facility is to dump a customized image containing all the
    build tools and libraries that are used on a given project, in order
    to reduce startup time. For instance, this facility is available under
    the name EXT:SAVE-LISP in CMUCL, SB-EXT:SAVE-LISP-AND-DIE in
    SBCL, EXT:SAVEINITMEM in CLISP, and CCL:SAVE-APPLICATION in
    OpenMCL. Most of these implementations can prepend the runtime to the
    image, thereby making it executable.
Application delivery: rather than generating a single executable
    file for an application, Lisp developers generally save an image
    containing their application, and deliver it to clients together with
    the runtime and possibly a shell-script wrapper that invokes the
    runtime with the application image. On Windows platforms this can be
    hidden from the user by using a click-o-matic InstallShield type tool.
Answer: Take a look at the the official clisp homepage. There is a FAQ that answers this question.
http://clisp.cons.org/impnotes/faq.html#faq-exec
Answer: CLiki has a good answer as well: Creating Executables
Answer: For a portable way to do this, I recommend roswell.
For any supported implementation you can create lisp scripts to run the program that can be run in a portable way by ros which can be used in a hash-bang line similarly to say a python or ruby program.
For SBCL and CCL roswell can also create binary executables with ros dump executable.
Answer: I know this is an old question but the Lisp code I'm looking at is 25 years old :-)
I could not get compilation working with clisp on Windows 10.
However, it worked for me with gcl.
If my lisp file is jugs2.lisp,
gcl -compile jugs2.lisp

This produces the file jugs2.o if jugs2.lisp file has no errors.
Run gcl with no parameters to launch the lisp interpreter:
gcl

Load the .o file:
(load "jugs2.o")

To create an EXE:
(si:save-system "jugs2")

When the EXE is run it needs the DLL oncrpc.dll; this is in the <gcl install folder>\lib\gcl-2.6.1\unixport folder that gcl.bat creates.
When run it shows a lisp environment, call (main) to run the main function
(main).

Lisp Executable


Is the term "would-be" just an Indian usage or universal?

Question: I've noticed that Indians use the term would-be in place of fiancé/fiancée. Usages like "Meet my would-be" and "This is my would-be" are common in introductions. I used to wonder if this is just an Indian usage or if we got it from the British. I have never heard it being used in American movies or on TV. (I also used to wonder if people used "He/she is my would-have-been" if the wedding was called off after the engagement. :-))
Comment: In India (southern India, at least), the opposite of arranged marriage is "love marriage". :) It is common to ask "Is it an arranged marriage or love marriage?" Though most of the marriages in India are arranged, I don't think the term has got anything to do with the arranged marriage system.
Comment: @Callithumpian: yeah, it's used as a direct replacement for one's fiance/fiancee - whether arranged or "love".
Comment: I've certainly never heard it in Britain.
Comment: In American English, I've heard "*intended*" which I quite like.
Comment: Curious whether this term is used in relation to arranged marriages, non-arranged marriages (is there a term for this?), or both.
Comment: I've never heard it in Australia.
Comment: I've never heard it in NZ, Australia, or the UK.
Answer: Yup, I believe the background to this is a plain translation of the Hindi "honewala pati / honewali patni" which means "husband-to-be/wife-to-be".
It's definitely not used in the UK or US (except by other Indians ;)  - don't know of other nations though.
Comment: Never heard it in the US nor seen it in print, ever.
Comment: @MediumOne: I still think it's derived from Hindi - since people drop the pati/patni, and only say "mera honewala" which directly means "my to-be"
Comment: @JoseK: It is used by Indians in non-Hindi speaking areas, so I'm unconvinced it's derived from Hindi. If you mean "derived from the corresponding Indian languages", well, perhaps that's possible.
Comment: Though a direct translation from Hindi is a possibility, it could also have evolved from "bride-to-be/groom-to-be" which I think is in common usage. Also, now that we have arrived at the answer by elimination in different English-speaking countries, I am finding it a _little_ unfair to select yours as the only answer. :-)
Comment: @MediumOne - Not entirely. We still haven't heard from South Africa and Jamacia. :-)
Answer: In England we use would-be as a pre-modifying adjective. Used as such, it means something that could have happened if conditions had been different. For example:
Jim claims that he designed the iPod but that Steve Jobs beat him to the patent office. These days, the would-be millionaire takes his 40 minute dinner break at the local MacDonalds.
Here we can see that Jim could have been a millionaire had he submitted his design sooner. As it is though, he missed out and lives a normal life.
With that in mind, we could say would-be husband/would-be wife but the meaning would shift. It would mean somebody that could have been your wife under different circumstances (perhaps they were all set to marry when the guy got drafted) but are not. It certainly is not the same as fiance.
Hope this helps.
As a point of interest, if you wanted to adapt the phrase to the meaning, grammatically it would have to be will-be wife, but that doesn't exist.
Comment: Hi, @MediumOne. You're right that **would have been** achieves the same, but it does not fit as an adjective the same way. To use it, you would need something like the following sentence: *Jim, who would have been a millionaire if only things had worked out right, eats...* - Using **would-be** is essentially a shortened version of the same. As for *would be/will be*, 'would' implies condition while 'will' means that this thing is going to happen. (I *will* be in Singapore next week - I *would* be in Singapore if I could afford the tickets)
Comment: You answer has questioned my understanding of "would be" and "would have been". @ _"Used as such, it means something that could have happened if conditions had been different"_ : I always believed "would have been" is used to imply the above meaning. If I had to write your example sentence, I would have written it as "These days, the _would-have-been_ millionaire takes his 40 minute dinner break at the local MacDonalds." And, I also believed "would be" is mostly used interchangeably with "will be" to imply certainty (though I have not clearly understood how "would be" isdifferentfrom"willbe").
Answer: Would-be in the sense of fiance or fiancee is an Indianism. In UK English, would-be is used only before a noun to describe someone who is hoping to become the type of person mentioned: a would-be actor, advice for would-be parents.


Graphing data in munin, need to ignore already seen values

Question: I am trying to graph how many ms a REST command is taking. The command is issued many times a minute. Here is the plugin that I wrote:
#!/bin/bash

#
# Collect stats for the timing of recommendations.
#
logs="/var/www/custhome/logs/play.log"

# CONFIG

if [ "$#" -eq "1" ] && [ "$1" = "config" ]; then
        echo "graph_title Post Recommendation Times"
        echo "graph_category apache"
        echo "graph_info Data is pooled from all sites."
        echo "graph_vlabel ms"
        echo "graph_period ms"
        echo "graph_data_size huge"
        echo "precs.label PostRecommending"
        echo "precs.type GAUGE"
        echo "precs.min 0"
        echo "precs.draw AREA"
        exit
fi

# DATA

precs=(`grep :Post.Recommending /var/www/custhome/logs/play.log | awk '{print $7}'`)

for i in "${precs[@]}"
do
        [ $i -eq 0 ] && continue
        echo "precs.value $i"
done

This is what a typical bunch of lines looks like in the log file:
4:59:17,422 DEBUG ~ colorado:45870:Post Recommending took 1925 millis
15:02:22,588 DEBUG ~ michigan:417550:Post Recommending took 1306 millis
15:02:23,753 DEBUG ~ michigan:417550:Post Recommending took 276 millis
15:02:23,754 DEBUG ~ michigan:417550:Post Recommending took 277 millis
15:05:21,047 DEBUG ~ chicago:1105784:Post Recommending took 2484 millis
15:07:02,275 DEBUG ~ colorado:66199:Post Recommending took 3303 millis

The problem is, the graph is showing the same exact data every time it refreshes - 1.53k ms. This number appears to be an average. What I want to see is a graph that shows all of the values, and it needs to change over time as new data comes in.
Is there a better way to do this in munin? Or some preprocessing that I should do on the data first? Or a different tool entirely to see the results that I need? I'm used to using munin to graph things like the total number of REST calls per second. But I'm having difficulty wrapping my head around how to represent this data.
Answer: I ended up doing this by averaging for each read:
for i in "${recs[@]}"
do
    ((total+=$i))
done

echo "recs.value $((total/${#recs[@]}))"


Writing logs on file on external sdcard on android devices

Question: I have an application where I write logs on a file located on the external memory card.
This application runs on a lot of same devices, samsung galaxy S2, and when a user reports a problem we retrieve the logs through an mdm system in order to understand the cause. Every thing works really fine, but sometimes we find that there are "holes" in the log (we see the web services calls in a specific range of time but there are no logs on the file).The code I use to write the code is the following, and I really don't understand how can it be possibile
FileWriter filewriter = null;

            try {

                filewriter = new FileWriter(file,filewriter.append("my log message\r\n");

            } catch (Exception e) {

            } finally {
                try {
                    filewriter.close();
                    filewriter = null;
                } catch (Exception e) {

                }
            }

the file variable is initialized once per usage.
What could be the cause of the missing log records? in which direction should I investigate? The only suspect I had was not confirmed by analyzing a user's device: on the galaxy s2 running android 2.3.5 the mount point of external sdcard is "\sdcard\external_sd", this virtual path corresponds phisically to the internal memory if there is no external storage, to the external storage otherwise; So i thought that the missing records was caused due to a temporary unavailability, for any reason, of the external storage and the file was written in the internal storage, but when I took in my hands a pda where this problem occured there was no file in that path.
Does anyone had similar problems? I have no idea how this could happen
thanks
Answer: You can use mount command to pull the path to physically device and give an error message when there is the wrong path.


Site collection content database

Question: If a site collection content database size grow up; can I add a second Content Database to it? if No, what's the solution?
Answer: A site collection have a single content database, we can't have 2 content database for a single site collection.
Now couple of things you can do.

Clean Up, delete all unused files, items etc. Clear the recycle bin.
we can also split the site collection into multiple site collections. Like if you have multiple subsites in it than make those subsites a separate site collection n move into different content database.
Create a new site collection, move the old data in that site collection.
Comment: that is big enough for a site collection, i would start with clean up process. delete old / unused content. empty recycle bin. BTW site collection size is also 400GB?
Comment: go to central admin > application management > Configure quotas and locks...on this page you have to select the site collection to check the quota
Comment: You can also see where your data is within the site collection if you go to Site Settings > Storage Metrics.
Comment: Thank you! please how split the site collection into multiple site collections? How move the old data in that site collection to new one?
Comment: there are couple of ways to move out the data, using 3rd party tool or export the site and import on 2nd site collection or manually copied the content using open with explorer option. I know it is painfull but yes thats the options. BTW how big the content database right now?
Comment: 400 GB!!!!!!!!!!
Comment: I don't know? How calculate it !

Site collection content database


Are creative writers all granted implicit immunity from grammar rules?

Question: That'd sure come in handy for me.
Comment: HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA no.
Comment: Creative writers may break grammatical rules in order to be poetic or artistic. However, they should obey grammar rules enough to be understood. The main purpose of grammar in the first place is to express meaning. No grammar? No meaning.
Answer: This is a question of "voice."  In general, characters are expected to speak largely as real people speak, and real people often speak with non-standard grammar.  However, if it becomes too hard to read, modern readers will find this annoying.  At one time it was popular in American literature to write entire books in "dialect," but a modern author would be expected to just sprinkle enough dialect into the dialogue to give some flavor.
As far as the narrator, if the narrator is a character (first person), the same rules apply.  If the narrator is not a character (third person) then you would generally use standard grammar.  An exception to this is if you want to give a particularly strong sense of your own authorial voice.  You'll want to be cautious about this, however, since readers will tend to get tired of this even more quickly (unless they happen to share your own dialect).
Answer: Honestly, unless you have purpose behind your misspellings/strange grammar, stick to rules where you can. I myself have a few stylistic exceptions to grammar, largely in dialogue (if someone has a tendency to shorten words/has a particularly strong accent, I may make the dialogue more phonetically spelled). Even in my case I generally play on the side of cautious.
Sometimes, ignoring grammar and spelling can be useful for a style. Most of the time, though? It's a mess. The rules exist for a reason, after all.
Answer: Here's the truth, it matters, but it isn't Gospel. All communication, including your grammar and spelling in your writing conveys the level of effort you put in, and your desire to communicate to your audience. That said, when you can still convey your effort and ability to communicate through other means, you'll quickly find there are many rules you can break. Language is always adapting, but it isn't changing from those who are lazy with language, but those who creatively take risks, and adapt to communicate more interesting and compelling content. Good luck!


How do Lorentz forces occur in brushless DC motors if the flux lines are guided past the coil

Question: In a brushless DC motor, the permanent magnet of the rotor creates a magnetic flux which moves through one stator pole shoe, through the back iron and returns to the  opposite pole. The magnetic field lines pass through two poleshoes/coil cores. If the flux is contained to this iron path how does it generate force? As the Lorentz force is given by $I \times B$  and $B$ is zero outside the iron (where the current is), shouldn't $F$ be zero as well?
Answer: I believe that magnetic Lorentz forces on the current-carrying conductors are not very significant in the operation of the motor.
Instead, consider the way you might explain the operation of an electric motor to someone who just wants a simple explanation. You'd probably talk about the poles of the electromagnets in the stator attracting those of the magnets in the rotor, the need to reverse the current in the electromagnet at appropriate intervals to keep the force attractive between poles approaching each other, and so on. There's actually not much wrong with this explanation, nor with the implication that the iron plays a much bigger role than the wires (which serve mainly to magnetise the iron).
At a deeper level, we have to go back to magnetic Lorentz forces, or their microscopic counterparts – applied to the electrons in the atoms of the iron!


Algorithm for finding the v=1 state of an H2O molecule

Question: In the context of simulating the dissociation dynamics of an H₂O molecule on a metal surface, what algorithm is employed for generating the initial state of a tri-atomic non-linear molecule, such as H₂O, in the first vibrational excited state (v=1)?
Answer:
"what algorithm is employed for generating the initial state of a tri-atomic non-linear molecule, such as H₂O, in the first vibrational excited state (v=1)?"

To get the v=1 state (wavefunction) of a trinuclear and non-linear molecule, you can start by building a potential energy surface for the molecule. This can be done using quantum-chemistry software for doing electronic-structure calculations, for example open-source ones include open-molcas, pyscf, psi4, etc., and proprietary ones include gaussian, orc,q-chem,etc.
Once you have a potential energy surface, you now need to solve the vibrational Schroedinger equation for the molecule. For dinuclear molecules, LEVEL (which is open-source and available on its own, and also available within open-molcas) is the most popular, but for trianuclear molecules  you can use the TROVE software.
Comment: Thanks for the answer. I don't exactly need the wavefunction for v=1 state rather I want the geometry (atomic positions) of the H2O molecule in v=1 state. How are initial configurations (for AIMD simulations) generated for excited energetic states? I have some idea about how it's done for diatoms (Morse' anharmonic potential can be used to find the bond distance). But what to do for non-linear triatomic molecule?
Comment: You asked for the "state", and in this context the most likely (or only) meaning is "wavefunction". If you want to know how to get a "geometry",  I recommend to post a new question.


I need help extracting the table rows that don't contain "style='display: none;'" in selenium, python

Question: This is the HTML for the table row I don't want to extract:

And this is the one I want to extract:

Python 3.10.7,
Selenium Webdriver 4.17.2

I tried using solutions I found on the internet, but the solutions used an older version of selenium
Edit: results = driver.find_elements(By.CLASS_NAME, "table_title") extracts the text that I need, but it also extracts blank lines from all the
 tags that contain style='display: none;'. This significantly slows my program.
Answer: Use :not() clause of css selector to ignore the elements contains style='display: none;'
results = driver.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "tr[class='items']:not([style='display: none;'])")


Pay attention to + noun

Question: Is it okay to say "I PAY ATTENTION TO the house" in the sense I watch it or look after it? Because I am afraid it is a lexical misuse
Comment: There's nothing wrong with that sentence—aside from the fact that it's slightly nonidiomatic. Even as you say, people would more normally say *I look after the house.* But *I pay attention to my teachers* would be perfectly normal. Are you asking about your *specific* sentence or the construction in general?
Comment: To me "I pay attention to the house" would mean something like... over time I carry out maintenance (e.g. plumbing work) when it needs to be done, I notice if things look unusual (a birds' nest in the roof or something like that) and take action about that, etc.

What do you mean by 'watch' or 'look after' a house? Is it your house? Is this a short-term thing or on an ongoing basis that you "always" watch/look after it?
Comment: I think you really mean: take care of
Answer: Idiomatically, to pay attention to the house would mean to watch it carefully - as in literally keep an eye on it. For example, if someone was trying to get you to notice some subtle pattern in the way lights changed on a house, they might tell you to pay attention to it. If you were watching a video where something interesting happened to a house in the background, while your attention is normally drawn to something in the foreground, someone might tell you to pay attention to the house.
On the other hand, to watch the house could mean that, or it could mean a more figurative sense, as could keep an eye on the house. In those cases, it might mean making sure that nothing has happened to the house, letting someone know if it gets burgled, and if it's over a longer period of time probably going in every so often to air it out and make sure there's no damp or mould appearing. I wouldn't expect someone to use pay attention to the house to give those meanings.
To give attention to the house wouldn't be a commonly used phrase, but it would, I think, be understood to mean actively doing things to keep it in a good condition, as would maintain the house. Give attention could also be used to mean actively upgrading the house, but I wouldn't encourage anyone to use it for anything. Maintain, on the other hand, is a completely natural and commonly used term.

Pay attention to + noun


In Harry Potter, does the Daily Prophet report news internationally?

Question: Does the Daily Prophet report news about what happens in other countries? How do the Wizards in Britain know about what happens in the Wizarding world of other countries?
Comment: http://img14.deviantart.net/9b76/i/2012/274/9/4/daily_prophets_by_jhadha-d5gamig.jpg
Comment: @Valorum All of those appear to be UK only stories. On the other hand we probably only see the pages relating to the story and most international news would be pushed off the main pages if Voldermort was around.
Comment: Does international quidditch count?
Answer: Yes (at least regarding Quidditch)
The sports column of the Daily Prophet would cover international Quidditch (or at least during the World Cup season.)
You can read a collection of their articles from the 2014 cup here1, written by sports correspondent Ginny Potter.
To quote a random passage:

Ivorian Chaser Elodie Dembélé, aged only 18, scored seven of Ivory Coast's ten goals. Norwegian Seeker Sigrid Kristoffersen out-raced her counterpart Sylvian Boigny to take the Snitch in the 128th minute.
NORWAY VERSUS IVORY COAST, Sunday Prophet, April 13th 2014

1. Screenshots from the old Pottermore. These were some of the stuff lost when Pottermore "upgraded" their website,


Dynamic Content without PHP or a licensed CMS

Question: I'm building a design library for our internal team. I can code it all by hand, and even introduce some client-side includes to handle stuff like navigation menus, but at some point it will be easier, I assume, to be able to serve up some of the content dynamically.
I don't want to implement Drupal or anything similar, because I just don't want to (a) introduce the nightmare of administration that brings, and (b) have to fit within their definition/structure of how to build what I want to build.
Here are some examples of what I want to do...have an array somewhere that lists a set of widgets, and present that array on a page. Clicking on one of them would take you to a library page about that widget. The individual pages can easily be hand-written--I just want to take some of the lists and data that need to appear on multiple pages (but always be the same), and present that content.
The other element of what I want is collaboration--allowing folks to add comments on a page.
So I'd love to hear whether I just need to suck it up and use a CMS or if this is a doable thing.
Answer: So far, the answer has been javascript and json files, although I'm also considering using something like mustache.


What useful features should I look for in a router?

Question: I'm  thinking about buy my 1st router. I would be using for general wood working. I.e cutting out slots, finishing off edges, mainly trying to learn. The question is what features, characteristics and quality should a beginner look for?
Thanks everyone.
Comment: Unfortunately, "what is the best _____" is always more likely to generate opinion-based answers, but asking what features are available and the practical considerations for each would generate more useful answers.
Comment: This question could possibly be reopened if, instead of asking which is the best router, you changed it to ask what are the characteristics and qualities of a router that you should look for in a quality tool.
Comment: Just to expand on Graphus's comment, there is no reason to get a fixed-base router unless you're planning on immediately and permanently mounting it in a router table.  Plunge routers are much more versatile.  This consideration rules out trim routers.
Comment: I think this is likely to generate opinion-based Answers (if you get any at all given how quiet this SE has become) so it may be closed for that reason. But for my money I'd get a mid-range plunge router with more than one collet that has good reviews. Hard to go wrong with one of those and they're much more versatile and useful than mini routers, which are basically just for trimming and light grooving tasks (both of which all larger routers can do). Where are you based by the way? Will you be buying in person from a bricks-and-mortar or ordering online?
Comment: @graphus, im in the s.f bay area. Most likely will go to a store to get my hands on the router and get a fell. But tje information is a help. Thanks
Comment: That said, no matter what router you buy starting out, you will probably buy at least one more later if you continue woodworking with power tools. See notes on routers in https://woodworking.stackexchange.com/a/1605/49
Comment: The DeWalt 618 and the Port Cable 6902 are both excellent routers. I own both. I have a plunge base for the DeWalt, so it tends to stay in that, and the Porter Cable is in my router table. Anything in a similar class of these two routers would make an excellent first router.
Comment: @KatieKilian Sadly, Porter Cable stopped making routers a couple years ago.
Answer:
Plunge base - Does the base have the ability to raise and lower the router with hand pressure?  This allows accurate plunge cuts for things like stopped grooves and mortises.
Power - Does the router have enough power to do bigger cuts?  For an all-purpose hand router I'd look for a minimum of 2 hp.  Less than that will limit what you can do, particularly in hardwoods.
Build Quality - How much play is there in the plunge pillars?  How well does the depth adjustment lock?  There are a number of things that can cause inaccuracy to creep into your work.
Ergonomics - How does it feel in your hands?  Is the power switch easy to reach from the handles?  Is the base large enough to be stable?
Other Features

Does it come with variety of collet diameters? (1/2", 1/4" or other common in your country)
Does it have soft-start / speed adjust / constant torque electronics?
How easy is the bit change mechanism (ratcheting is better than locking pin is better than two-wrench)?
Does it have dust collection ports?
Can it accept guide bushings?
Can it be mounted into the table ? (and how to rig depth adjustment mechanism)
Answer:
I'm thinking about buy my 1st router...The question is what features, characteristics and quality should a beginner look for?

Medium size: Routers come in about three sizes: small, medium, and large. The small ones are often called palm or trim or compact routers and are small enough to hold in one hand. They're great for lightweight jobs like trimming the edge of plastic laminate flush with the substrate. Large routers have big 3 hp motors and can handle large bits for jobs like raising panels, but they're heavy, expensive, and can be difficult to handle. For your first router, you'll want a medium sized router with a motor between 1.5 and 2.25 hp. Medium-sized routers have enough power to handle most of the jobs you'll ever want to tackle, while still being small enough to be manageable and safe.

Kit with two bases: Most manufacturers offer a kit with a medium sized router, a fixed base, a plunge base, and a carrying case. The case may or may not be important to you, but having both bases expands what you can do with your router. I use the fixed base for most jobs, but the plunge base is useful for making mortises or any other time you want to change the bit depth easily.

Multiple collets: The collet is the part that holds the bit, like the chuck in a drill. Unlike a drill chuck, though, collets are specific to one shank size. In the US, most router bits will have either a 1/4" or a 1/2" shank, and your router should include collets for both sizes.

Router table suitability: Some routers lend themselves to use in router tables with features like height adjustment through the base, so that you can install the router in a table and adjust the bit height from above the table.

Dust collection: It used to be a given that using a router meant making a huge mess, but modern routers often include reasonably effective dust collection, which reduces the mess and improves visibility.

Reputation: Buy a router from a well-known brand like Dewalt, Bosch, Makita, or Milwaukee. You'll find cheaper options on Amazon and at Harbor Freight; it's best to avoid those.

Variable speed and soft start: A motor spinning up to 25,000 RPM in a fraction of a second generates a good bit of torque, which makes the router jump when you turn it on; soft start ramps up the speed over a little more time and avoids that. Variable speed lets adjust the speed to match the size of the bit that you're using; without variable speed, you'll need an external speed controller in order to use larger bits that shouldn't run at your router's maximum speed.
Answer: The ability to adjust the plunge depth AFTER it is locked in place with the typical side lock.
This way you can adjust the depth on the fly, without having to unlock and measure, and so on. I had this feature on my first (cheap Bosch) router, and I lost it when upgrading to a Makita RT0700C.
Also, if the router has this feature, it's also possible that this can be accessed from the bottom of the router when mounted upside down, which is a great feature when used on a router table. You have to pay for this feature, but it's cheaper down the road because you already have it built-in, and this is not a trivial feature to replicate properly.


Extracting data

Question: I have a list of 5K id's for which I need data extracted from Salesforce. Is there any way I can feed this list into SF. The only tool my organization has is DataLoader & am not sure how to feed in the list of id's via dataloader.
Answer: This is a very interesting situation, I would think initially about using ETL tool but on thinking it differently I believe it's possible to do it using data loader.

Create a Field on your object, isReadyForExport__c(Checkbox) ,
default as unchecked false
Edit your CSV and add a header, for Field isReadyForExport__c and
set it as True
Use data loader Update to load the CSV
Now use a query, SELECT YourFields FROM Your Object WHERE
isReadyForExport__c = TRUE

Bang on done.
Answer: Pranay's suggestion is a good one. I just want to add a workaround for situations like I've encountered in the past where making a change to the schema is not permitted. This is an uglier solution.
You can take your 5,000 Ids and convert them into several SOQL queries that you can run through the Bulk API in Data Loader's Export module. The query "template", so to speak, looks like this:
SELECT Id, ... other fields...
FROM My_Object__c
WHERE Id IN ('001000000000000', '001000000000001',  ...)

The trick is

You have to turn the Ids into a quoted list.
The WHERE clause has a length limit of 4,000 characters.

You can solve (1) with a regular expression in an editor like Visual Studio Code, and (2) with a bit of math and repetition.
Grab your Ids and paste them into Visual Studio Code. You'll end up with something like this:
001000000000000
001000000000001

and so on. Open the Find and Replace pane, and turn on regular expressions (.*). Search for the regex ^(.*)$ and replace with '$1',
That gets you
'001000000000000',
'001000000000001',

which is ready to be dropped into the query template above.
The next issue is that we have to chunk the Ids so that our WHERE clause is never more than 4,000 characters long. Our base WHERE clause is WHERE Id IN (), which is 14 characters. Each Id consumes either 15 or 18 characters (we'll say 15 here), plus four (two quotes, a comma, and a newline) = 19 characters. That means we have
(4000 - 14) / 19 = ~209

Ids available per query, which means you'll be copying and pasting 24 sets of Ids into the query template and running through the Data Loader for export, then copying and pasting the results into a single spreadsheet file.
Is it tedious? Yes, absolutely. But it works, and it works with no changes to your schema.
If you're comfortable with scripting, this process can be made a lot easier with a bit of Python. I've previously written a couple of answers that summarize how to do this:

A general example as a Python function
A specific example with ContentDocumentLink

Extracting data


Problems with creating and using of delegate-protocols

Question: I have the problem that I have created a delegate protocol, but the necessary methods are not executed, although I have implemented the protocol in my header file. Here are the detailed explanation:
I created an instance of my ViewController (TimeLineViewController), which will be displayed. This ViewController contains a UITableView, which in turn receives the individual Cells / Rows from one instance of my TableViewCell. So the ViewController creates an instance of TableCellView.
The TableViewCell contains a UITextView, which contains web links. Now I want, that not safari opens the links, but my own built-in browser. Unfortunately TableViewCell can not open a new ViewController with a WebView, so I decided to create a delegate protocol.
The whole thing looks like this:
WebViewTableCellDelegate.h:
@protocol WebViewTableCellDelegate
-(void)loadWeb;
@end

Then I created a instance WebViewDelegate in the TableViewCell:
  id <WebViewTableCellDelegate> _delegate;

In the .m of the TableViewCell:
 @interface UITextView (Override)
    @end

    @class WebView, WebFrame;
    @protocol WebPolicyDecisionListener;

    @implementation UITextView (Override)

    - (void)webView:(WebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationAction:(NSDictionary *)actionInformation request:(NSURLRequest *)request frame:(WebFrame *)frame decisionListener:(id < WebPolicyDecisionListener >)listener
    {   NSLog(@"request: %@", request);
        [_delegate loadWeb];
    }
    @end
- (void)setDelegate:(id <WebViewTableCellDelegate>)delegate{
    _delegate = delegate;}

And in my TimeLineViewController I implemented the protocol with <> and the loadWeb-metode:
- (void)loadWeb{
    WebViewController *web = [[WebViewController alloc] initWithNibName:nil bundle:nil];
    web.modalTransitionStyle = UIModalTransitionStyleFlipHorizontal;
    [self presentModalViewController: web animated:YES];
    [web release];
}

And when the instance of the TableViewCell will be created in the TimelineViewController:
- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
    static NSString *MyIdentifier = @"MyIdentifier";
    MyIdentifier = @"tableCell";
    TableViewCell *cell = (TableViewCell *)[tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:MyIdentifier];
    if(cell == nil) {
        [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:@"TableViewCell" owner:self options:nil];
        cell = tableCell;}

    [cell setDelegate:self];
//…
}

It is the first time I created a own delegate-protocol, so maybe there are stupid mistakes. Also I´m learnung Objective-C and programming generally only for 4 weeks.
Thanks for your help!
EDIT: I think i found the problem, but I dont know how to resolve it. I try to use [_delegate loadWeb]; in the subclass of the UITextView (because that is the only way i can react on the weblinks) and the subclass can´t use [_delegate loadWeb];. I tried this in a other methode and it worked.
Answer: Your first problem is that:
id <WebViewTableCellDelegate> *_delegate;

should be:
id <WebViewTableCellDelegate> _delegate;

The id type is already a pointer reference to an instance.


can't pay with undefined currency in facebook Local Currency Payments

Question: my app product defined USD,and not defined GBP.when I use GBP to pay, the pay dialog return
the error that Sorry, there was a problem and we can't complete your request. Please try again later.
I'm confusion about that,the facebook offical doucument show that  If you do not define a price point for a particular local currency, users of that currency will have their price automatically calculated based upon the current exchange rate between the first currency you specify and that target currency.
Can anyone help me?
Comment: I have just encountered this too...
Answer: Could it be that you were trying 0.01 USD? that converts to less than 0.01 GBP
Defining a single unit of in-game currency that has a product:price:amount less than 0.01. For example, selling 1,000 Coins for USD 1.00 would require a unit price of 0.001, which is not supported.
https://developers.facebook.com/docs/howtos/payments/definingproducts/#pricing_static


How can I install programming tools in the root directory so that they can be used by non-admin users?

Question: I'm running OS X and for security reasons my main account does not have admin privileges. How can I install development tools in the root directory so that they can be used by all users? If this can't be done, how can I install these tools so they can be used by a single non-admin user?
Comment: How you do this depends on the tool, but just install it in your home directory. (Or /var/tmp as Nikhil <- not what I'd call proper though)
Answer: This really does depend on what you mean by programming tools.  If you're talking about native OS X GUI applications, just put them in /Applications or /Developer/Applications so they're easily accessible from the Finder or Launchpad.  If you're talking about command-line tools, /usr/local is typically where you would install them, with executables in /usr/local/bin, libraries in /usr/local/lib, etc.  If your problem is not having the right permissions to put them there, that's what sudo is for.  Use it to run any other command as root, whether it be cp, make install, etc.
Answer: Ask admin

to create user group  with the list of non-admin users (who want access to the development tools) on the directory service (like NIS or LDAP). Lets say the symbolic group name be 'devteam'
create a directory with the group read permissions for 'devteam' and write permissions for you 'moosed' , somewhere that is accessible for all the others on the host(if there are multiple hosts, get started with NFS exports)
Once you have the shared directory setup for you, dump all your development, programming tools under the directory tree and announce everybody in the devteam about the directory birth and the list of tools available under it. You can even start managing it yourself under a version control system/release management system, if you are managing a project under it.
Comment: That seems a little overkill for me. I only need to do this for one user on one machine for now.
Comment: go for a directory under  /var/tmp approach; if its only for sharing and not for any shell activity, then host your tools on the public_dir and get the user access your files over webserver.


How to focus child window after parent window refresh

Question: I am opening a popup window containing a flash movie using JavaScript. The popup contains a media player that uses SoundManager2. Users add files to the media player from the parent window. However, when reloading the parent window, the reference to the child window (media player) is lost. So, to bring focus to the media player, we currently have to call window.open, which reloads the url, thus interrupting the playing media.
Does anyone know of a way to focus the media player window without reloading its contents? I'm pretty sure Javascript is out. Is there a way to do this with ActionScript?
Answer: You could call a javascript function from Flash that gives that window focus, however, I'm not sure if there is a decent way of doing this that wouldn't potentially annoy a user, unless you can do it only when new media is added to the player.
In any case, ExternalInterface or getURL/navigateToURL will allow you to call a javascript function from Flash.
Comment: Thanks for the suggestion, Alex. We've implemented a message bus that allows us to send messages between windows via Flash. Using this, we've tried calling window.focus() on the media player. However, it appears that window.focus() only works from the active window. So, calling window.focus() on a background window seems to have no effect.
Triggering an alert in the popup, however, fires the alert and brings focus to the popup. So, perhaps some other event, other than window.focus() will activate the popup more unobtrusively?


Valid Visa on expired US passport - do I have to transfer the Visa?

Question: I recently renewed my passport. The expired one has an Indian visa that will be valid until 2017. Is it necessary for me to get the visa transferred to the renewed passport,  to travel to India?
Answer: Just take both passports when you travel to India, no need to transfer the visa.  I had the same situation and had no issues visiting India.


How do you Protect Your Academic Work?

Question: I'm a masters degree student trying to figure out how publications and co-authorship work.  I know that the school/PI retains legal ownership of any monetary profits that may result from the work, so please don't mention this in your response as it is irrelevant to what I'm asking.  I WANT TO BE PUBLISHED AND DO NOT CARE ABOUT MONEY.  I just want to ensure that I get academic credit/recognition this time since some of my work was previously passed off as another student's work in a different lab.  I'm concerned because the new PI and another professor working on the project seem to want me to do all the grunt work/data collection, but according to the previous student that worked on the project, they prefer to keep the analysis to themselves even though I'm willing [to try] to learn how to do this myself...  What protections do student have against others taking credit for their work, not giving them even partial credit/co-author status, and/or allowing another student to take credit who didn't help?  Should I mail copies of my data to myself and retain a sealed copy?  How do/did (when you were a grad student) you guys protect yourselves?  Please list some measures/methods you use to prove that work you did was done by you as opposed to someone else in the lab.  As things stand now, it seems like my PI, in theory, could hand over my work to another student who he likes more, who's viewed as younger/more promising, or who has a rich/important Daddy.  Not saying he'd do this, but hey, its happened to me before, so yeah - just looking for some solid concrete measures I can implement to protect myself.  I don't feel comfortable discusses this with my PI for reasons that should be obvious to anyone with a modicum of common sense, so please don't refer me to my PI.  If you can't/don't want to help, fine, but please don't down vote me as somebody else may have some insight that would help me.  Thanks.
Comment: Trying to be bullet-proof "against" one's advisor is a hopeless cause, I'm afraid. Not that one shouldn't object to abusive advisors... but perhaps the correct analogy is to a "mugging" (in U.S. English sense: essentially armed robbery, but in any case by a  tough scary person... to whom one gives their wallet...). How to "guarantee" against this? The only way is to "stay out of that neighborhood", but if the 'hood is "academe", then it's not truly possible. The point is that one needs a _good_ advisor... then, how to find?
Comment: Please improve the formatting and remove the ranting from the question.
Comment: Where are you located?
Comment: _I don't feel comfortable discusses this with my PI_ — **You need a new PI**, for reasons that... how did you put it?... should be obvious to anyone with a modicum of common sense.
Comment: @paulgarrett _if the 'hood is "academe", then it's not truly possible._ — Fortunately, the hood _isn't_ "academe".
Answer: In my experience, the best way to ensure that you get appropriate credit for your work is to work with trustworthy people.
Now, whether somebody is trustworthy is not always easy to determine (especially for a new graduate student), and there are also both genuine mistakes and genuine differences of opinion and criteria that often occur.
Nevertheless, there's a good heuristic that can help you test the waters early.  You can lay claim to your work by finding opportunities to share early results.  If you're in a software-related area, you can keep your projects on GitHub, where there's a nice public record of everything.  If you're in a more experimental area or if sharing on GitHub doesn't work, then there should be opportunities with student conferences, internal group meetings, etc., to present work, even in early stages.  These often exist explicitly for students to get feedback on work that's not yet ready for a proper publication, so the stakes are low. And even if it's an internal presentation rather than to the general scientific public, that will still greatly expand the group of people who know what you've done and what sort of value you're contributing.
If you get encouragement and opportunities, that's a good sign; if you get ongoing evasions and push-back, that's a bad sign.
Bottom line: the best way to ensure you get credit for publishing is to start "trial publishing" as soon as you've got interesting work to share, and see if you're in a supportive culture or a controlling one.
Comment: And, yes, you don't need to "defend yourself" against honorable people, and, at the same time, it is nearly impossible to defend yourself against dishonorable people who are much more powerful than you. Just stay away from them. There is no (successful) strategy to defend yourself against dishonorable-but-powerful people.
Comment: @paulgarrett A key goal with my answer here is to try to give people faster means of diagnosing whether they're dealing with an honorable or dishonorable person.
Comment: Github won't help.  I recall there was a scandal recently where sexist claims of misattribution were based on poorly interpreted github records.
Answer: There are likely to be policies protecting trainees at your institution, and you should review those - including process for lodging complaints about scientific misconduct (which could apply to some of the behaviours you are worried about).
You should also review policies about handling of data (of the sort your work with) to be sure that taking raw data off-campus is allowed (in a medical center, for example, this could be grounds for dismissal even of a Professor); honestly, some of your ideas for self-preservation seem bizarre.
Constant worry about being scooped will not serve you well in an academic career; there are no guarantees but if you demonstrate integrity and earn the respect of others, you will be in a much better place to address unfair treatment if it occurs.
Answer: First of all I just want to note that your school very likely retains legal ownership of any monetary profits that may result from your work.
As for students plagiarizing, it happens but I wouldn't worry about unless it happens and you need to deal with it. I've never dealt with a plagiarizer who was smart enough to continue fooling people once they were investigated. The main problems arise where they are two sides to the story, i.e. not overt plagiarism, but where both of you worked on the results. Then most of your ideas for how to protect yourself won't work anyway since there will be conflicting evidence to create doubt.
As for faculty stealing the credit, this is basically hopeless. The advisor indeed has the power to do everything you fear they might do, and you have no power to stop them. You are there to be taught by them as a subordinate. They are both your supervisor and evaluator. You need them to be on your side, where they think you are an asset and want you to succeed and get credit you deserve. Research is very much a social-network-based system so you need them for a lot more than just a fair supervisor. As others said, choose carefully.
Comment: In my experience (in universities in the USA), students have the same rights to inventorship as do their faculty; questions of inventorship are determined by US patent law, not university policy. My impression is that most universities divide the inventors' portion of royalties equally among the inventors (with no preference given to faculty over students). For example, https://www.umsystem.edu/ums/red/oipa/studentip-faqs and https://www.invo.northwestern.edu/invention-disclosure/student-inventors/student-invention-policy.html
Comment: @Argalatyr Inventorship is different than ownership; inventors commonly give their ownership rights over to their employers (as part of their employment contract) in return for resources such as funding and lab space. Hence students may have more rights than faculty, if the students is not being paid to produce the invention and is not using university resources. However in this case, the student is asking about work done in the faculty member's lab under the faculty member's supervision. Sounds pretty likely the university would claim ownership. Your links appear to cover all this.
Comment: What I saw in the OP seemed focused on academic credit, not so focused on ownership (which is where your answer seem to go). Therefore, I focused my comment on inventorship, i.e. credit for the discovery, but as you say the resources I pointed to also cover royalties etc.

How do you Protect Your Academic Work?


How do I fix "at least one service or driver failed during system startup"?

Question: Please help me what is this error? when I restart my server 2003 was error " at least one service or driver failed during system startup. Use event viewer to examine the event log for details." anyone can help me please.
Comment: To find the event log right click on My Computer and select Manage or go to Control Panel -> Administrative tools -> Computer Management.
[**This**](http://support.microsoft.com/kb/175653) may help you track down the events your looking for
Answer: It's hard to say this without sounding flippant, but the error message is telling you what to do.
The first place you should be going, on a Windows NT-based operating system (like W2K3), when you're sorting out misbehavior with the OS is the event log. Doubly so when the error message tells you to do that.
Some service or driver program marked for automatic startup on boot is failing to start properly. The service control manager (responsible for invoking these programs) will make a record in the event log as to the details of the failure and, from there, you can work on resolving the error.
Comment: +1 for putting it more elegantly that I probably would have.
Answer: As Evan and Iain have stated, you need to check the System event log on the server to see what service (or device) is not starting. You can also check the Services control panel applet to check for any Automatic startup services that haven't started. If you're unable to find anything there then check device manager and view hidden devices and look for any devices with a yellow exclamation point or red X through them. These are often file system drivers or "soft" network device drivers that haven't started for some reason, possibly due to their host software being uninstalled). If you're running Enterprise edition this error will occur for the NLB service if NLB is not configured, if this is the case this message can be safely ignored.
Answer: This behavior can occur if a service or driver does not start correctly.
Please first test the problem in Safe Mode with Networking.
Meanwhile, please open Device Manager and show Hidden devices. Check if there is yellow exclamation mark. If so, disable this service temporarily and reboot to test the problem.
For further research, please collect MPS report on the problematic computer:

Download proper MPS Report tool from the website below.

Microsoft Product Support Reports
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=CEBF3C7C-7CA5-408F-88B7-F9C79B7306C0&displaylang=en

Double-click to run it, if requirement is not met, please follow the wizard to download and install them. After that, click Next, when the "Select the diagnostics you want to run" page appears, select "General", , click Next.
After collecting all log files, choose "Save the results", choose a folder to save MPSReports.cab file. Please use Windows Live SkyDrive (http://www.skydrive.live.com/) to upload the file and then give us the download address.