How can I remove old polls/results in Drupal 7?

Question: How can I remove the links to old polls and results in Drupal 7? I unset view results for anonymous users, but they still can view results. I'd like to remove the link to old polls and poll results in template. Is it possible to do it? if the answer is yes, which code should I add to template.php to remove those links?
Comment: Rather than relying on the theme layer to accomplish this, you'd be far better off simply unpublishing the old polls.
Answer: You can remove the links by either copying the poll-results--block-tpl.php template file to you theme and removing the line that prints $links or with template_preprocess_poll_results(&$vars) in your template.php file in your theme and removing the line that sets the links variable.
poll-results--block.tpl.php

<?php print $title ?>

  <?php print $results ?>

    <?php print t('Total votes: @votes', array('@votes' => $votes)); ?>

template_preprocess_poll_results(&$vars)
function template_preprocess_poll_results(&$variables) {
  if (isset($variables['vote']) && $variables['vote'] > -1 && user_access('cancel own vote')) {
    $elements = drupal_get_form('poll_cancel_form', $variables['nid']);
    $variables['cancel_form'] = drupal_render($elements);
  }
  $variables['title'] = check_plain($variables['raw_title']);

  if ($variables['block']) {
    $variables['theme_hook_suggestions'][] = 'poll_results__block';
  }
}

Comment: first method works but only when i remove it in poll module (not in template directory :( ). second method - i do not have such things in template.php
Comment: the second method is a template override. you need to add that function to your template.php file and rename template_preprocess_poll_results to yourtheme_preprocess_poll_results. for the first method you need to clear cache when overriding template files.
Comment: @Alonso You have to add that function in template.php; if that file doesn't exist, then you need to create it. In the first case, it doesn't work because Drupal didn't recognize the theme has a new template file; if you just copied the file in the theme directory, that doesn't work. You need to make Drupal know the theme is changed, which can be done by disabling and re-enabling the theme, or cleaning the cache used by Drupal.
Answer: Other way to do it will be using hook_block_view_MODULE_DELTA_alter()
function THEME_block_view_poll_recent_alter(&$data, $block) {
  unset($data['content']['links']);
}


Should use Berkeley DB XML without an on disk container?

Question: I am considering to use BDB XML, as in memory application data store. It is XML like data with definition records and data records, i have provided XPath like quiring for data access. Its running well except for a memory overflow problem, that occurs in some cases which can't be avoided (so, just ant to avoid mem-overflow), and data is still needed for further processing (so, it can't be got to output stream yet). So, i was going to cache data to disk using delimited or XMl files, also was trying BOOST serialization. And thats when i thought of using some embedded db which can give me on-disk caching (when needed), encrypted on disk caching (i still do some encrypted XML caching to disk in certain cases but they are not related to the memory overflow thing). Now, I need:

No performance degradation and reliability
encrypted on-disk caching of in-memory data when needed (or when dataset reaches a limit)
on demand encrypted on-disk caching
XPath compatibility for data access (access should not need to know whether data is in-memory of on-disk)
Don't want to create on-disk db container (in case of BDB XML) as its not needed after execution is complete, deletions will often if and might have some toll.
Solution needs to be platform independent

so, should i use BDB XML ? it is most prominent solution and provides C++ API (my application is in platform independent C++), it provided XPath 2.0 for access (its needed),  but i want to build and XML in it node by node and mostly access node by node and want to use it without an explicit on-disk container which is needed to be cleared out often during exec and deleted afterwards, but need it to not use more memory than specified buffer and use disk when needed.
Answer: No. Check Joel's "back to Basics" column.
Fundamentally, BDB-XML is a good way to produce and consume XML, and XML in turn is a good way to exchange data. But XML is not intended for in-memory use, and thus BDB-XML shouldn't even enter the consideration.


Paladin gaining Divine Health while they have a disease

Question: Say a second level paladin gets a disease, then at the end of the session levels up and gets Divine Health, which makes them immune to disease. Do they still carry that disease and are its markings visible?
Comment: forgot to say it. it is D&D 5e edition
Comment: Is there a reason that the paladin did not use "lay on hands" on self to cure the disease?  It recharges on a long rest to 10 points at second level.
Comment: I wasn't there that session. the DM played my char for me
Answer: The rules as written don't say specifically.
"Immune" doesn't carry any special meaning in 5e. An ordinary language interpretation of "immune" would be that a character immune to disease can't contract any diseases, and that any diseases they have are immediately cured.
The DM may rule otherwise, although at the very least it would seem reasonable that such a character would not suffer any further negative effects from the disease, and that they would automatically succeed at any future saving throws the disease calls for.
It is also up to the DM to rule if immunity to diseases removes any scars or blemishes that previous diseases may have inflicted, or if more serious permanent effects of diseases (for example, blindness from sight rot) are healed.
My reading of the rules as intended is that 3rd level paladins gain an advantage in the 'exploration' pillar of the game by ignoring a specific class (diseases) of environmental hazards. As such, I would expect that once they gain 3rd level, any negative effects of diseases are completely removed.
Comment: dictionary.com says that immune only means "protected from disease".  Wouldn't that imply that that you would only be free of the non-permanent affects of disease?  So the effects of Cackle Fever would end, but you would still need magic to heal blindness that has already set in due to Sight Rot?
Comment: I think @Shem is right. The answer's last paragraph sets an expectation that 'any negative effects of diseases are completely removed'. To me that emphatically _does_ include the blindness caused by sight rot.
Comment: @Shem i think I must be missing some subtle point of your meaning; Doesn't this answer already say that permanent consequences of having been diseased may remain, but that there's no specific rules stating which consequences of a disease are permanent?


How to manage screen scrollview and collectionview scrollview same time in ios/xamarin.ios

Question: On one screen,I am having some content and below that having collectionview,so I want to know how to manage scrollview of screen and scroll of collectionview.I cant make disable collectionview scroll bcoz I am using paging for collectionview on DecelerationEnded delegate method,So for that I ahve to use scroll of collectionview.
So,please give me solution that how to mange these two scrollview same time because screen is not responsing for two seconds.
Comment: Show some code, What you have tried so far?
Answer: You can put tag(self.scrollView.tag = XXX) for the scroll view and put conditions in the delegate methods.


Showing there is no ring whose additive group is isomorphic to $\mathbb{Q}/\mathbb{Z}$

Question: Show that there is no commutative ring with the identity whose additive
group is isomorphic to $\mathbb{Q}/\mathbb{Z}$.
Comment: Note that if we define $a b = 0$ for all $a,b \in \mathbb Q/\mathbb Z$, then
we equip $\mathbb Q/\mathbb Z$ with a commutative ring structure *without* identity.  Can you see how the case where you require an identity might be different?
Comment: Dear Galois, My point was just to give an example of a ring structure which *does* exist, but which *doesn't* satisfy your requirements, just to give you something to build your thoughts on.  It wasn't supposed to be a precise guide to the answer.  Given your response to the example, I would recommend that you brush up on basic concepts, such as what exactly is meant by a "ring with identity". Regards,
Comment: Some of us do not like being ordered to do things, even by someone as illustrious as Galois. Would you mind rephrasing your post so it's more of a question and less of a demand? While you're at it, you could tell us how you came to be interested in the problem.
Comment: @Galois: If you define $ab=0$ then there is no identity (and no "$a^{-1}$"), but your problem is to show that *there is no way* to define multiplication that turns $\mathbb Q/\mathbb Z$ into a commutative ring with identity (with addition being the addition of the group $\mathbb Q/\mathbb Z$).  So this one example that doesn't work is not enough.
Comment: A related question: http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/93409/does-every-abelian-group-admit-a-ring-structure
Comment: @Galois: Elements of $\mathbb Q/\mathbb Z$ are equivalence classes of rationals, so no element of $\mathbb Q/\mathbb Z$ is in $\mathbb Z$.  The "$1$" in a ring need not be like the $1\in\mathbb Z$.
Comment: @Matt E I kind of see the issue that we may run into with the identity but not quite: So if we had an identity $1\in\mathbb{Q/Z}$, then we actually have $1\in\mathbb{Z}$, hence $1=0$ which is a problem for us here. Is this right?
Comment: @Galois, your last comment does not make much sense. You should probably think a bit more about what you wrote and what Matt suggested!
Comment: Oh I see, now it makes sense.  So the issue comes up when we are defining multiplication. If we define a*b=0 then we get that a*a^{-1}=1=0 which is a problem for us.
Comment: May I know why this question is closed? It seems to me that it is not "off topic" at all and the context is clear, at least to those who know the basics of abstract algebra.
Answer: Here's how I would organize this: suppose I have a commutative ring $A$ and an isomorphism $f$ of abelian groups from $(A, +)$ (the additive group of $A$) to $\mathbf Q/\mathbf Z$. Assuming that $A$ has a unit element $1 \in A$, we can look at $f(1) \in \mathbf Q/\mathbf Z$. This element has finite order (why?), so there exists some natural number $n$ such that $n \cdot 1 = 0$. [To avoid confusion: this just means "add $1 \in A$ to itself $n$ times".]
Now, does this imply something about every element of $A$? I'll leave a slight gap here for now, but I think the other important thing to notice (and maybe you noticed it at the "why?") is that $\mathbf Q/\mathbf Z$ contains elements of every finite order.


What are the most instructive Zurich 1953 games?

Question: I'm a club player that never really figured out the importance of studying master games. Since I want to improve my middlegame understanding I read that Bronstein's Zurich 1953 is an excellent place to start. However, going through the games takes 1-2 hours/each and I was wondering if some games illustrate the key concepts better than the other.
Comment: One of the reasons that book is recommended is because almost all of the games have valuable commentary!  You might choose games based on the opening you play, for example there are great Kings Indian games.
Comment: That book (in Jim Marfia's superb translation) is my all-time favourite chess book. Certainly some games are more rewarding than others, but Bronstein spends more time on these games. So you can just start with those games that have the longest commentaries.
Answer: There are of course classics like the Averbakh-Kotov game.
But generally you get out of chess study, what you put into chess study. So you should play through games that interest and fascinate you. It should be fun, not something were you try to minimise the time spent from the outset.
For me, that meant for a long time wild tactical games. I played for example through the games in Bronstein's "Sorcerer's Apprentice", Tal's "My Life and Games", Christiansen's "Storming the Barricades" and Aagaard's "Attacking Manual".
I do own Zürich '53, but I don't think I ever spent much time on it.
But if you already own the book and want to proceed, I would recommend restricting yourself to well annotated, decisive games that feature openings from your repertoire.


Does this Bedrock gold farm design also work in Java Edition?

Question: This is the farm:

It uses the block update system of the lava to trigger the portal on and off making zombie piglins to occasionally spawn and be washed down into a killing chamber. There could be two main issues that stop the farm from working in java which are observers observing different blocks, and zombie pigman spawning inside the portal and not on one side. The second problem is easy to fix by adding a couple of turtle eggs to lure them out but the Observing might not work and won't keep the portal up.
I haven't seen this kind of gold farm in java mode. Please help me with this problem.
Comment: Why don't you try building this yourself in a Java Edition world to find out if it works?
Answer: I have built it (I don't want to use glitches in my game) and yes it works, but not as shown.
You can't light up a portal with that lava setup, so you're stuck with piglins spawning naturally in the portal.
A zombie piglin will spawn on top of an obsidian block at the bottom of the portal frame if any of the portal blocks on that vertial received a random tick.
So, taller portals = higher chances of a piglin spawning, and larger portals = more chances of spawn.
Also, more portals = more chances.
Here is my setup:

I have 17 portals that are 23x23 plus another 14 that are 23x16.
They are gathering around a turtle egg I placed on top of a 2 high column of obsidian so that they would get close to my enraging platform, from where I throw an egg at them (and then I move to a killing pit).
This gives me a barely acceptable stream of 1 or 2 piglins per second.
I stupidly started this project underground, under my iron farm, so I can't easily expand it, but if you want, you could theoretically build more portals directly above so that you could increase your piglin spawning rate.
Expanded it can look like this:

Another possible layout is such:

And if you feel like bringing it to an extreme:
Answer: From what I can tell, it does work on Java. However, it is VERY slow. the "zero-tick" method of flashing the portal on and off does not work on Java. Also, the pigmen can spawn on either side of the portal so you must account for that. Trident killers do not work on Java either.


A catchphrase to describe an over-protective subordinate

Question: Is there a catchphrase to describe a subordinate whose knee-jerk reaction is to aggressively verbally defend their boss from any perceived slight sometimes without actually understanding the issue or even when it's not unambiguously an attack on their boss or their boss himself probably wouldn't care? (Something historical maybe or borrowing on a fictional character?)
Comment: "Jeeves" (of the "Jeeves and Wooster" stories) might fit some scenarios.
Comment: In the US experience, the first thing that comes to mind is a sports analogy, the offense defending their quarterback.
Comment: Maybe "attack dog".
Comment: @James I like the sound of "attack dog" but do you have a source?
Answer: Your question and descriptions would suggest that "lackey" is quite fitting. There are a variety of context dependent synonyms that also might be used.
https://www.thefreedictionary.com/lackey
https://www.freethesaurus.com/lackey
Comment: Correct me if I'm I think this, like "boot-lick" and the like just describes subservience to but not active defense of the patron. I'm thinking more in terms of foot-soldier. Hey maybe foot-soldier is right?
Comment: No, it does not mean to conjure "boot-lick" imagery. It means something akin to  "fawning loyalty ", a "yes man", or a "servile follower".
Answer: "Brown-noser" and "suck-up" come to mind, but they are quite rude. And they require hyphens, which I don't really appreciate. Can someone come up with a more neutral term, preferably non-hyphenated?
Answer: A phrase that is often used of such situations is blind loyalty.

Her blind loyalty to the Dean makes reasonable discussion of these issues nearly impossible.

It doesn't necessarily involve aggressive verbal defense, but could.
Answer: In the interest of using "something historical", let me exhort you to join the good fight to reclaim the original sense of Chauvinism:

Borrowed from French chauvinisme ("idealistic devotion to Napoleon"), named for Nicolas Chauvin, a legendary and excessively patriotic soldier of the French First Republic. The figure of Chauvin became especially famous as a character in the play La Cocarde Tricolore by the Cogniard brothers.

(Also, tangentially, I feel compelled to mention that I don't think "catchphrase" really applies here, but regardless.)
Answer: After some research I think the word I'm looking for is "goon", in the second definition here:
https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/goon
It implies both a faithful guard and someone foolish.
Also implied in the first definition here:
https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Goons
Although the idea of "hired" seems prevalent here, I think that colloquially it can be used to portray the idea of being faithful even if not for hire, and generally non-calculating.
Comment: *Goon* is **not** a good fit to describe "an over-protective subordinate". Please [edit] your answer to include a published definition of *goon* that supports the meaning the question has asked for. Note that the system has flagged your answer for potential deletion as a low-quality post, most likely because it's *too short* and it's *unsubstantiated*. For further guidance, see [answer]. :-)


Justifying the Principle of Equality at Birth: Secular Foundations and Philosophical Perspectives

Question: John Locke argued that all men are born equal with christian belief. how can liberal atheists prove men are born equal?
Comment: Given his ideals, it is remarkable is it not that he argued to justify slavery, & that while his views on women were progressive for his times (died 1704) he did not think they should have fully equal rights. I would argue Locke is not asserting a fact to be verified, but a choice, as all moralities must be about how & who we want to be (see Hume's 'Is vs Ought').
Comment: I argue our moral reasoning is grounded in intersubjectivity, which is also the basis for learning & language. Discussed in relation to the example case of motives for choosing gender equality here: 'Studies exploring the rationale of gender equality' https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/90227/studies-exploring-the-rationale-of-gender-equality/90235#90235 TLDR: By engaging with others as morally equal, we derive substantial social benefits which have allowed societies that choose that to thrive more than those which don't
Answer: In "John Locke on Equality, Toleration, and the Atheist Exception" Adalei Broers points out that,

Locke describes the state of nature as one "of equality, wherein all
the power and jurisdiction is reciprocal, no one having more than
another; there being nothing more evident, than that creature of the
same species and rank, promiscuously born to all the same advantages
of nature, and the use of the same faculties, should also be equal one
amongst another without subordination or subjection" (Locke, Treatise,
8).

In that sense, Locke's concept of natural equality doesn't really require God. It is based on assumptions about a State of Nature where there is no accumulated wealth or power. He posits that civil society should maintain this equality because it is a natural fact.
Locke further thought that in order for civil society to protect that natural equality, there needs to be morality. Many atheists would agree. But Locke assumed atheists by definition could have no morality. Here, most atheists would disagree. For examples of such arguments see "Ethics Without Gods" by Frank Zindler  and "Atheist ethics" by Julian Baggini. Explicit arguments for morality indepent of theological beliefs are commonplace today but were non-existent in Locke's day.
In sum, if you are inclined to accept Locke's general conception of equality on its other merits (personally there are bigger problems with Locke in my view, but you're not asking about those) I think it is fairly easy to remove God from the equation.


Equal partial derivatives

Question: Suppose $\frac{\partial}{\partial x}F(x,y,z)=\frac{\partial}{\partial y}F(x,y,z)=\frac{\partial}{\partial z}F(x,y,z)$. Does this imply $F(x,y,z)=G(x+y+z)$ for some function G?
Comment: Could you give a counter example? I'm having trouble finding one. Also can you say something more about these additional hypotheses?
Comment: No. Not without additional hypotheses.
Comment: Consider the function that is $0$ except for for some spiral that leads to the origin. And I don't know what additional hypotheses would be needed to make this true.
Answer: The statement is true if all 3 partial derivatives exist and continuous over all
$\mathbb{R}^3$.
The proof relies on a multivariable differentiability theorem:

Let $\varphi : U \to \mathbb{R}\;$ be a function defined on some open
  subset $U$ of $\mathbb{R}^m$. If all $m$ partial derivatives of
  $\varphi$ exists and continuous over $U$, then $\varphi$ is
  differentiable over $U$.

If all 3 partial derivatives $\frac{\partial F}{\partial x}$,
$\frac{\partial F}{\partial y}$, $\frac{\partial F}{\partial z}$ exists and continuous
over some open convex set K, then by above theorem, $F$ is differentiable over $K$.
Now for any two point $\vec{v}_1 = (x_1,y_1,z_1),\;\;\vec{v}_2 = (x_2, y_2, z_2) \in K$ such that $$x_1+y_1+z_1 = x_2 + y_2+z_2,$$
the line segment between $\vec{v}_1$ and $\vec{v}_2$:
$$[0,1] \in t\quad\mapsto\quad\vec{v}(t) = \vec{v}_1 + (\vec{v}_2 - \vec{v}_1) t$$
lies completely in $K$. Consider following two functions defined on $[0,1]$:
$$\begin{cases}
f(t) = F(\vec{v}(t))\\
\\
g(t) =
\frac{\partial F}{\partial x}(\vec{v}(t)) =
\frac{\partial F}{\partial y}(\vec{v}(t)) =
\frac{\partial F}{\partial z}(\vec{v}(t))
\end{cases}
$$
Since $F$ is differentiable over $K$, we can express the derivative of $f$ in terms of
partial derivatives of $F$ and hence in $g$:
$$\begin{align}\frac{df(t)}{dt} = &
  (x_2-x_1) \frac{\partial F}{\partial x}(\vec{v}(t))
+ (y_2-y_1) \frac{\partial F}{\partial y}(\vec{v}(t))
+ (z_2-z_1) \frac{\partial F}{\partial z}(\vec{v}(t))\\
= & ((x_2+y_2+z_2) - (x_1+y_1+z_1)) g(t)\\
= & 0
\end{align}$$
From this, we can conclude
$$f(0) = f(1) \quad\iff\quad F(\vec{v}_1) = F(\vec{v}_2)$$
i.e. $F(\vec{v})$ is constant on the intersection of $K$ with the planes $x+y+z = \text{constant}$.
If $K$ is the whole $\mathbb{R}^3$, then
$$F(x,y,z) = F(x+y+z,0,0)$$
and the statement follows immediately.
Comment: Thanks, very clear and helpful. Also easy to extend to more dimensions.
Answer: Partial Answer:
I tend to think that it is true, but not sure. For polynomials it is true:
Prove by induction on the grade $n$.
For $n=0$ it is true obiously.
Suppose $P_n$ is a polynomial of grade $n$ and has the property:
$$
\partial_xP_n=\partial_yP_n=\partial_zP_n=Q_{n-1}
$$
The vector field $(Q_{n-1},Q_{n-1},Q_{n-1})$ is a gradient and then its rotor is null. This implies
$$
\partial_xQ_{n-1}=\partial_yQ_{n-1}=\partial_zQ_{n-1}
$$
which implies by induction that $Q_{n-1}=q(x+y+z)$.  $\;\square$

Update:
In dimmension 2 it is true (and I suppose in more dimmensions also). Suppose $f$ is such that $f_x=f_y$. Then $f$ is the solution of the following differential problem:
$$
u_x(x,y)-u_y(x,y)=0 \\ u(x,0)=f(x,0)=g(x)
$$
We can solve this problem with the method of the caractheristic. We obtain that $u(x,y)=g(x+y)$.

Update 2:
Fix z. Then using the previous result we conclude: $f(x,y,z)=g(x+y,z)=g(u,z)$. Now fix $y=0$. Then $f_x=f_z$ implies that $g_u=g_z$ and we conclude that $g(u,z)=h(u+z)$ and we are done.

Equal partial derivatives


How can Percy and his friends play all the games in casino?

Question: In Percy Jackson & the Lightning Thief, How can Percy and his friends play all the games in the Lotus Hotel casino, when they are still teenagers and the legal age for the gamble in Las Vegas is 21?
Comment: This, too, like three other questions (I've seen) Atul Dhanuka has asked, is a direct copy from [Movie Mistakes](http://www.moviemistakes.com/film8396/questions).
Comment: that is interesting... and indeed a word for word copy.  Shows a distinct lack of imagination, as well as most likely an attempt to manipulate the point system here.
Comment: http://meta.movies.stackexchange.com/questions/619/if-i-see-a-good-question-on-another-site-should-i-ask-here-to-create-a-better-ca
Comment: Probably just trying to get a badge, I can't think of a question to ask here for example. But I'm not going to steal someone else's
Answer: I think what is really going on is that anyone going into the casino would be put under the spell of the lotus flower (assuming consumption) and after that just doesn't care. The "proprietors" of the casino don't care. Their whole purpose is to draw people in and keep them there. Any "authority" who would normally be keeping this sort of thing from happening would more than likely get drawn in by the flower as well, so too, wouldn't care. It's not illegal for a minor to go into a casino. It is only illegal for them to play the games. If nobody is looking or caring who is playing the games, let it ride.
Comment: Minors can go into the casino, yes - but not only can't they play the games, they must keep a minimum distance away from them.  At least from my personal experience of having my child with me on the casino floor.  I approached one table with my daughter to ask for something (directions, or the time perhaps) and the dealer immediately said I would have to have her "step away from the table" before she could answer my question.
Comment: @Kirt - Completely agree with your understanding and point ... just in the case of the movie, like I said, *nobody cares*.
Comment: Yes, it is clear that no one is enforcing any of the rules / laws in that setting.
Answer: The other answer is likely correct in context of the story's specific casino, but it can also make sense for a "regular" casino.
Tt's actually beneficial business-wise to play dumb. Let the kid put money on the table "without you knowing it's a kid" (if you can reasonably argue that you couldn't have known).

If they lose, you take their money.

If it gets pointed out that they're a kid and you lose your plausible deniability, you have to return their stake, but you still didn't lose anything.

If they win, you "suddenly notice" that they're a kid and shouldn't have played in the first place, thus only returning their stake and not any winnings.

There's no case where the casino loses any money. But there's a chance that they make money (if the kid loses and does not get found out to be a kid).
The only counter to that is that if the casino can be found to knowingly let kids play or is provably negligent about its prevention of letting kids play. As long as there is a reasonable argument that they were sufficiently diligent, even if not factually correct, there is no further reason for them to actually ban kids from playing.


question about my pixels resolution for my poster

Question: I have a question about pixels.
I made a background for a poster for a party.
Put i think when i make the picture larger you will see a lot of pixels.
Can someone help me to fix this?
If you can help me it would be wonderful!

I made this in photoshop cs6.
thx jenten
Comment: What resolution do you have? ALL bitmaps will give the lego-effect if you zoom in too much.
Comment: We need a lot more information, namely: what is the resolution of your current image, and what dimensions are you planning on printing your poster as.
Answer: There are several things to consider when preparing a poster for print. They are briefly mentioned in some tips here
There is a more in depth guide to poster printing here
And a good step by step guide here
To briefly cover it though. You need to make sure that your image size and resolution are appropriate for the poster that you make. You don't want to have to make the picture larger after you've designed it. It's better to make it larger from the beginning.
You can check your current image size by going to Image > Image Size in Photoshop or by hitting CTRL+AlT+I
If the image size here is not the size that you want to print  then it would be best to open a new file with the appropriate size preferences. (File > New or CTRL + N) In these preferences you want to ensure that the width and  height are set as you need them (which could be a little larger than the final poster size if you want to accommodate for a bleed and crop marks) You also want to make sure that the Resolution is set to at least 300dpi to ensure that your image doesn't become pixelated.
When printing it's also better to set your colour mode to CMYK instead of RGB which would be more appropriate for web.
There are lots of print resolution questions here that you might like to consider reading over to help with your current issue.
Also don't just change your resolution on the image size of the poster that you have. If you are increasing this (i.e 72 dpi to 300dpi) then your image will become significantly smaller to preserve quality and you'll just run into many more issues.
If you need to significantly increase the size of your file you are better off in terms of quality to just remake it using your current layers for reference in the new file.
I hope my advice and links help you out. Glad to see you managed to recreate the background that you were having issues with. :)
Good luck!


What's the difference between activity and intent in Android?

Question: Can anyone explain to me the difference between an "Activity" and an "Intent" on the Android platform?
Answer: In very simple language, Activity is your user interface and whatever you can do with a user interface. When you move from one user interface, you need to launch that new user interface with an Intent. The Intent is your event that is passed along with data from the first user interface to another.
Intents can be used between user interfaces and background services too. Also an Intent is passed when you want to broadcast data to all activities and background services.
Intent lives as an object, activity lives with a face and interactions. Hope it has been helpful.
Comment: I dont think there is best explanation out there then this one.
Comment: I want to point out something here. Imagine we have really simple android application. i.e text box says hello within this activity we can invoke this.getIntent() in case some other programs or activities send us data. So I think activity and intent are closely linked each other. (Guys please fix me if I am wrong I just start programming in Android so I am also struggle with some concepts)
Answer: Existing answers are fine but here is a really basic definition of the two with some links.
Activity
An application component for displaying a user interface. The activity class is where all user interactions are handled (button presses, list selections). An activity specifies a layout to represent it on screen.
Intent
An intent is a system message. It can be broadcast around the system to notify other applications (or your own!) of an event, or it can be used to request that the system display a new activity.
Comment: What difference does it make while launching an `Activity` and launching an `Intent` using `am' i.e. Activity Manager.
Answer: If all you know about Intents, is when you use them to start a new activity, then I can understand your confusion.
In the simplest case, you start a new activity like this:
Intent intent = new Intent(this, SomeOtherActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);

It sure looks like you are starting an activity, and the activity that you are starting is "intent".  But what you are really doing is calling the method startActivity() and you are passing it a container called intent.  That container tells startActivity() what to do.
You can see it more clearly when you are passing data to a new activity
Intent intent = new Intent(this, SomeOtherActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
intent.putExtra("ANIMAL_TYPE", "unicorn");
intent.putExtra("ANIMAL_COLOR", "ruby");
startActivity(intent);

Now when you call startActivity(), it looks at intent and knows that it needs start the SomeOtherActivity class.  Also, in the SomeOtherActivity class, you can access those passed key/value pairs from the intent like this:
Bundle extras = getIntent().getExtras();
if(extras !=null) {
    String animal = extras.getString("ANIMAL_TYPE");
    String animalColor = extras.getString("ANIMAL_COLOR");
}

Comment: well explained. Do you wrote tutorial for android developers?
Answer: These are different classes which can't be interchanged in any way. The expected use of Activity subclasses is to control the contents and behaviour of the application window. Intents, on the other hand, are simple data interchange structures often used for launching new Activity'es and passing data to them, but they have also other uses.
Answer: The Activity class takes care of creating a (full-screen or floating) window for you in which you can place your UI-elements, so Activities interact with the user.
Intents are mostly used when you want to switch from one view (i.e. one Activity) to another one.
When you're currently in ActivityOne.class and you call:
Intent i = new Intent(this, ActivityTwo.class);
startActivity(i);

then ActivityTwo will be shown to the user.
Answer: Though there are many good explanations here, I would like to give my own view with respect to Activity and Intent. Activity is a UI component which you see on your screen. An Intent is a message object which is used to request an action from the same/different app component.

Reference : Intent, Activity
Answer: Activity: It is like web page eg. home, contact. It contain all the UI part of the application.
Intent: You can think of Intent as a way to open another activity. It basically helps to open new activity along with data from previous activity.
Answer: Activities:
An activity is a component that you see on a screen, with some associated logic to manage life cycle and navigation. An application will  consist of several activities. When you move from screen to screen, generally you are changing Activities, replacing what is on the screen with the new contents and controller.
CHECK ACTIVITY LIFE CYCLE
Contents:
navigation between activities is managed by Intents. An Intent is a type of message that applications broadcast through the Android OS to interested parties on the phone.


One user cannot run startx anymore

Question: As root, I changed one user's home directory to a soft link to another drive (while the user was not logged in). Then this user could not run startx anymore, though other users with the same .xinitrc and also in audio group still could. Changing back to the previous home directory or setting it via usermod did not help. No error on console, startx exits with success, only this hint appears if logging:
xf86EnableIOPorts: failed to set IOPL for I/O (Operation not permitted)

Here is a log (xorg's log is much longer but does not seem to have more to offer).
root@Freesia/~# startx >& /tmp/startxlog
root@Freesia/~# cat /tmp/startxlog
X.Org X Server 1.20.4
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
Build Operating System: Linux 5.10.0-21-amd64 x86_64 Debian
Current Operating System: Linux Freesia 4.19.0-9-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.19.118-2+deb10u1 (2020-06-07) x86_64
Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.19.0-9-amd64 root=UUID=27ab16fe-4180-4d31-ba99-60476076083f ro quiet
Build Date: 28 March 2023  05:03:02PM
xorg-server 2:1.20.4-1+deb10u9 (https://www.debian.org/support)
Current version of pixman: 0.36.0
    Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
    to make sure that you have the latest version.
Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
    (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
    (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
(==) Log file: "/home/alex/.local/share/xorg/Xorg.1.log", Time: Tue Mar 19 17:47:00 2024
(==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"
xf86EnableIOPorts: failed to set IOPL for I/O (Operation not permitted)
(II) modeset(0): Initializing kms color map for depth 24, 8 bpc.
xinit: connection to X server lost

waiting for X server to shut down (II) Server terminated successfully (0). Closing log file.

I tried to delete and recreate the user with the legacy home directory, to no avail.
Answer: The PATH variable contained a symlink to a subdir of the new location of the user's home directory. This produced a circular reference (too many levels of symbolic links) when the actual home directory changed, which apparently is a reason for startx to exit immediately.

(Taken verbatim from an update to the original question)

One user cannot run startx anymore


Wifi Connection Problem

Question: I am staying in hostel where i get WiFi facility.Using netcut application some are blocking the net connection.I can use internet in laptop using netcut defender but i am unable access  in my phone.I am using asus zenfone 5.
Is there any way to protect from blocking.
Answer: I found this in Play Store. See if it works - NetCut Root.
Comment if worked.

Wifi Connection Problem


Lotus Domino Server on Windows server 2003

Question: I have an urgent paper to write on the best way to backup mails and database of over 500GB daily on a Lotus Domino Server (version 5.0.9) running on windows server 2003 for about 200 users. While limiting the amount of downtime.
Comment: "Urgent paper" ? Forgot about the assignment?
Answer: A lot of backup software vendors offer clients for Domino which do not require downtime for backups.  Look into Tivoli Storage Manager and its associated Data Protection for Domino client.


"draft invoice" or "upcoming invoice"?

Question: If I have a provisional document that is listing the items that will be billed for this month (subject to change, because the month is not yet finished), then what is the better term? "draft invoice" or "upcoming invoice"? Or something else?
Answer: Neither. It could be a
proforma invoice (Business Dictionary)

An abridged or estimated invoice sent by a seller to a buyer in advance of a shipment or delivery of goods. ... Pro forma invoices are commonly used as preliminary invoices with a quotation, or for customs purposes in importation. They differ from a normal invoice in not being a demand or request for payment.
Comment: Thank you, but I don't think that's what I'm looking for. The document I am trying to name is more like an _estimate_ of what the final invoice of that month will be. It is dynamic and not sent to to the buyer, although the buyer can view it online. Think of a viewable phone bill that is updated every hour.
Comment: That could be a "running invoice." HTH.
Answer: The document is a form of unbilled account. It can't be any form of invoice because the invoice is presented only when the billing period comes to an end and the customer may well order more goods before that time. It's not a proforma invoice because the goods have been delivered and a proforma invoice is a document presented prior to delivery showing, for the customer's information, details of the cost when the goods have been delivered.
You will continue to add items to the unbilled account until the billing point at which time you will use the information in the unbilled account to create an invoice applying any discounts and calculating any tax due (if your government expects you to collect such a tax on their behalf). You will then present the invoice to the customer. After that point the invoice becomes part of your accounts receivable and the unbilled account can be moved to a record of invoiced items known as your billed account.

"draft invoice" or "upcoming invoice"?


More than one line in mode-line?

Question: I would like to make modeline display all information not in one line but in two - for example first for cursor info, buffer, file, git and flycheck, and on second line - modes info (major and minor modes). Is it doable somehow? I googled bindings.el and emacs C source code and wasn't lucky to find where this line number for modeline could be possible changed, does anybody can help with this? Thx.
Comment: In addition to the suggestion of wasamasa below, you may also wish to consider putting one-half of the information in the `header-line-format` and the other one-half in the `mode-line-format`.  Some people also use the `frame-title-format` as an additional location to store useful information.
Comment: Big thanks for `header-line`, it made my day, I found additional package path-headerline-mode that make lots of what I wanted to eliminate from modeline, thx a lot!
Comment: You might be able to do this with svg mode-lines (I'm not sure). The [svg-mode-line-themes](https://github.com/sabof/svg-mode-line-themes) package and the [ocodo-svg-modelines](https://github.com/ocodo/ocodo-svg-modelines) packages are examples of what you can do with SVG.
Answer: I'm afraid this is generally not possible as newlines in mode-line-format are interpreted verbatim and appear as ^J or ^M.  What could work would be replacing the mode line with an image spanning two rows and manipulating that as needed...

More than one line in mode-line?


Circular motion- counter intuitive

Question: Why is it counter intuitive that for a particle moving in a circle is always being acted upon a force which is directed towards the centre of the circle and not towards the direction of the motion of particle?
Comment: Why do you think it's counter-intuitive?
Comment: This seems counter intuitive at first because we naively think of the acceleration vector as being parallel to the velocity vector, and either speeding an object up or slowing it down. Circular motion is the antithesis of this - the acceleration and velocity vectors are perpendicular and the speed of the object is constant. You can also have "in between" cases e.g. elliptical orbits.
Answer: Look at it the other way round: if there's no force directed to some center point, a body will not move in a circle.
If you don't apply a force to a body, it moves in a straight line. Imagine a stone on a flat, slippery surface. It won't move in a circle.
So, if you observe something moving in a circle, there must be some force dragging it to the center. Imagine letting a stone at spinn around you, helfd by a string. It will only follow its circular movement as long as you pull hard on the string (apply a force directed to the center).
If you apply a force in the direction of the movement, the body will accelerate. On earth, often friction on the ground interferes, so again imagine a rock on a slippery surface.

Circular motion- counter intuitive


Why do we need read locks in read-write locks?

Question: in read-write locks, why do we need read locks since processes can read a file at the same time? Would only a write lock suffice? Thanks.
Comment: If a resource can be read and written atomically, then no locks are needed.  But most resources do not offer atomic access, neither reading nor writing.  A single logical update may require multiple physical writes, and it is this disparity that creates the need for coordination between readers & writers.  See also https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linearizability.
Comment: What do you understand about the semantics of read-write locks? Can you think of anything they prevent that your scheme wouldn't?
Comment: Some of the answers [here](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11837428/whats-the-difference-between-an-exclusive-lock-and-a-shared-lock/11837566) may also be helpful.
Answer: A read lock allows multiple concurrent readers of some data, but it prevents readers from accessing the data while a writer is in the middle of changing it. That ensures that a reader will never see a partial update (a state where the writer has updated some parts of the data but not all of them. This state is usually inconsistent).
A writers lock alone is not sufficient, because reading and writing typically happen in different sections of code (different functions). A typical arrangement would be
<code>class Resource
{
public:
  read()
  {
    acquire read lock;
    create a local copy of the resource's data;
    release read lock;
    return local copy;
  }
  write(new data)
  {
    acquire write lock;
    modify resource's data
    release write lock;
  }
}
</code>
Thew read and write locks coordinate to allow either multiple readers or a single writer access to the resource, but never multiple writers or both a writer and a reader at the same time.
If you only use write locks, then the effect is the same as using simple exclusive-access locks and only a single thread can either read or write the resource.
Comment: Thanks. Then doesn't a writer lock alone achieve that?
Comment: @Tim, see my update
Comment: @Tim In the phrase "FOO lock", FOO refers to the one who _listens_ to a lock. In other words, only _writers_ would listen to (and halt because of) a writer lock. That doesn't solve the issue of making readers hald when a write is in progress. I concede that it is confusing since the listeners are often also the ones who close/open the lock themselves; but the above referenced issue has a different listener (reader) and closer/opener (writer), so the distinction becomes importent.
Answer: An update lock is an exclusive lock, that is, only one lock can be held at a time. It is used to prevent concurrent updates.
A read lock is a shared lock, multiple readers can held a read lock simultaneously. A read lock conflicts when some other threads takes an update lock. The purpose of read lock is to block updates while the read lock is being held and to block reading data that is in the middle of an update, in other words, while a read lock is held the data cannot be modified.
If your system doesn't have shared/read lock mechanism, it's possible to prevent updates while reading the data using by taking update lock instead. However, an exclusive lock is too broad, it comes at the cost of significantly reduced read concurrency, as it means only one reader can read simultaneously.
Comment: TL;DR: fast reads
Answer: Presuming a write cannot be done atomically:
Only one thread at a time can safely write data without corruption.
No reads can happen during a write without getting corrupt data.
Multiple reads can safely run concurrently as long as the data does not change.
Thus:
Only one thread at a time can hold the write lock.
When a thread is holding the write lock, no read locks can be obtained.
When one or more threads are holding read locks, the write lock cannot be obtained.
Multiple reads can run concurrently without blocking, increasing throughput if your use case is read-heavy.
Answer: A read-lock is "a lock you set when you read", instead of "a lock to prevent others from reading". The confusion here is mostly triggered by your understanding of the terminology. Mostly your understanding is correct: All the troubles in multi-process/multi-thread are caused by writing.
If no writing occurs in the whole procedure, no matter how many people are reading the file at the same time, as long as they keep a separate read pointer, we'll be fine.
But when you are trying to write, how do you know if there's anyone reading the content? You have no way of knowing it! That's why we have a read-lock, a lock that is set when someone is reading the content, so that when someone is trying to write, they'll know that it's not an appropriate timing to write.
Answer: If I modify a file right now, and you could read it while I modify it, you'd get an unpredictable mix of old and new data, and things would go wrong. Same if you were reading data and I started modifying it.
A write lock means: I cannot get the write lock as long as someone else holds a write or read lock (because me starting to write would interfere both with a read or writer). And it prevents others from getting a read or write lock.
A read lock means: I cannot get the read lock as long as someone else holds a write lock (because I shouldn't read while someone else is writing). And it prevents others from getting a write lock while I'm reading. But any number of people can get read locks and read simultaneously without problems.
Note that this doesn't solve all problems. If I read a file into memory, and one microsecond later you modify the file, then what I have in memory doesn't reflect the contents of the file anymore. This could cause all kinds of problems on a higher level (but not on the lower level where we prevent reading an inconsistent file).


How to improve FPS in Borderlands 1, 2 (normal and VR) and Pre-Sequel on a high resolution 4K monitor on PC?

Question: I got myself a 4K monitor and at its native resolution the Borderlands games give me low FPS:

Borderlands GOTY Enhanced (remaster with all DLCs and support for high resolutions built-in)
Borderlands 2

with Borderlands 2 Ultra HD Texture Pack DLC

Borderlands 2 VR (played with Valve Index at its native high resolution)
Borderlands: The  Pre-Sequel

with Borderlands: The Pre-Sequel Ultra HD Texture Pack DLC

In all 3 games at 3840x2160 resolution and all max graphics settings I get around 30-45 FPS. Just lowering the resolution to 2560x1440 gives me around 55 FPS, and going down to 1920x1080 gives >60 FPS.
Turning down all the graphics setting to low/off still gives me below 60 FPS on 3840x2160 resolution in all 3 games. Even without the HD texture packs.
Process Explorer is saying that the GPU is basically idle at 5-10% usage, while the CPU is working at around 20% total (6-core Intel i5-8400, for which 16% is 100% of a single core utilization, making it around 1.5 full core utilization). It seems like both games are bottlenecked by single-core CPU performance. What can I do to get better FPS?
Answer: You can disable the cel-shading post-processing effect if you don't mind losing that signature thick black outline on all 3D models. This improves framerate dramatically. For me, it jumped up to 80-120 in all 3 of these games.
There is already a Q&A about doing this but the asker specifically wanted to get rid of this effect not knowing it can actually boost FPS significantly, and that it works in all 3 games. Check it out here. The answer there also shows how it looks before and after.
Here's how to do it in all 3 games (assuming you're playing on PC via Steam):
Borderlands GOTY Enhanced

Go to: %userprofile%\Documents\My Games\Borderlands Game of the Year\WillowGame\Config\

(you can copy-paste this into your Windows Explorer window address bar)

Find and make a backup copy of WillowEngine.ini. If you don't see it there, launch the game at least once after installing, it should appear.
Find this text in it (mine was at line number 95):

DefaultPostProcessName=WillowEngineMaterials.WillowScenePostProcess

Replace the value at the end with whatever:

DefaultPostProcessName=WillowEngineMaterials.WHATEVER

In my case it jumped from ~45 to ~90 FPS.
Borderlands 2 and Borderlands 2 VR

Go to %userprofile%\Documents\My Games\Borderlands 2\WillowGame\Config\
Find and make a backup copy of WillowEngine.ini.
Find this text (mine was at line number 133):

DefaultPostProcessName=WillowEngineMaterials.WillowScenePostProcess

Replace with:

DefaultPostProcessName=WillowEngineMaterials.WHATEVER

For me the increase was from 30-45 to 75-100 FPS.
In VR with Valve Index the increase was about 40% extra FPS across different resolution percentage settings.
Borderlands: The Pre-Sequel

Go to %userprofile%\Documents\My Games\Borderlands The Pre-Sequel\WillowGame\Config\
Find and make a backup copy of WillowEngine.ini.
Find this text (mine was at line number 133 - wow, same as BL2!):

DefaultPostProcessName=WillowEngineMaterials.WillowScenePostProcess

Replace with:

DefaultPostProcessName=WillowEngineMaterials.WHATEVER

For me it went up from 35-45 to 80-90 FPS.

I haven't had the chance to play the new Borderlands 3 but I assume they're reusing a lot of the same engine inner workings and configs as the 2 and Pre-Sequel, so in theory, it should also work for 3. I'll update this in about 5 months when it releases on Steam.


Want to edit Default Billing and Default shipping address individually

Question: Right now if I edit only default billing address then automatically update default shipping address.
Can anyone have any code idea to customize this?
Comment: Needed changes done.
Answer: Default billing and default shipping are references to an address.
If you have the same address marked as billing and shipping then they both reference the same address object. So it is normal that if you edit one, you edit the other because basically they are the same address.
If you want separate addresses, create 2 of them and mark one as billing and one as shipping.


How to know which dwarves are already assigned when assigning squads?

Question: On the military screen when I create to squads I fill the first one. When I fill the second one there doesn't seem to be any indication that the dwarf being added to the second squad is already in a squad. Without trying to remember all of their names how can I know which dwarf is already in a squad?
Answer: When a dwarf in in a squad, when he is highlighted in the add to squad screen,  his current squad will be listed in the top bar (circled in red).
See below, Kel (the Expedition Leader) is in a squad already (the Blockaded Hills).

Rith(the Miner), is not currently in a squad (notice the area circled in rad is empty).

Confirmed for Vanilla 34.11
Answer: There are two possibilities that you can employ:

Give dwarves in different squads different nicknames (worse) or different custom professions (better), respective to their squads. The distinction between the both is that Dwarf Therapist allows for mass assignment of custom profession names. Doing the same for nicknames or, worser still, on DF, is not possible, as you would have to set either one of them one by one.
With DFHack (namely the search plugin) you can search for specific names, hence making the job easier.

DFHack r3 has a command called tweak military-color-assigned that color-codes assigned dwarves.


Once one person replies, the post is ignored from then on out, even if the question isn't resolved

Question: I've posted a lot, and when one or two people respond, that's the end, no one wants to post anymore.  I don't know the rules here, but it's like people are just "firsting" to get points or something.  Once they post, even when they can't help, the post is ignored and no one else will help.
My questions aren't getting answered because people who don't really know what they're talking about, or don't care to REALLY help me are posting.  I've tried to include in my posts to not "first" on my posts and only answer if you're willing to help, but the moderator removed that part.
What's up??? I'm not getting the help I need because of this.  Really aggravating.
Comment: Maybe it due to the unclarity of the question
Answer: It was removed because it was not adding any context to the question. The site isn't necessarily an end to end help desk, people supply their knowledge to get you on the right track.
Sometimes that is with a specific example, like solutions to faulty code. Sometimes it is a higher level answer that you have to draw your own conclusions from to get you on track, as every SharePoint environment is different or the question is a higher level concept.
People are here on their own free time, answering people's questions for free, there should be no expectation of support. While some people see the question all the way through, others don't for a variety of reasons.
Comment: Yes, we are not paid for this, we do it in our off time to help others as best we can.
Comment: @Lauren I'm not sure what you are getting at. But this place is truly for sharing problems and sharing solutions to problems (if one knows how to resolve the problem). All is done pro-bono by the members of the community, no one is getting payed to answer questions. The best you can do is to try to write as precise and informative questions as possible so that people are able to answer them at ease. That improves the chances of your question being answered. Also, googling the basics around a problem often helps you in gaining enough information to write a well written question
Comment: At some point the conversation has to end. If you are interested in learning, there are other sources out there. This isn't necessarily the avenue for a step by step, how do I complete this task type of site, and I've been busy hauling waterlogged junk out of my dad's basement the past 2 days. If you can't handle the transient nature, this might not be the best place for help.
Comment: I had little knowledge starting out, I had to discover a lot of it for myself through trial and error and usage, I really jacked up content types for several sites very badly. There is so much to know,  I've been doing SP for about 8 years and there are a lot of things I don't know. You might want to look into the certification test prep courses if you want deep, technical information. Every farm is different, from hardware to configuration.
Comment: Thanks Eric.  So you do all this for free?
Comment: You personally have always been helpful, it just seems like there are too many cooks in the kitchen, and no one really knows how to cook.  There's no way to regulate what people are posting, even if they're wrong.  I can't rate people's answers, because I don't have enough gold coins or whatever because I've never answered anyone's question (I recognize that I can't cook), and once someone posts, that's it.  I don't get any other responses.  I would pay money for assistance (and have) if I could get some legitimate help, but it doesn't seem to exist.  So, this is what I've found and I'm stuck.
Comment: I'm not trying to be ungrateful, but this system just doesn't make sense for people actually trying to learn SharePoint.  Maybe it's not set up to be learned???  Thanks.
Comment: I'm not getting at anything.  I'm trying to be clear.  It's a really frustrating and unhelpful set up that once someone initially answers your question, it's like it just dies, and if that person's answer doesn't help, you either have to repost the question (which I've done), or give up.  I just think that, if this site is really to help people, I should be able to say "no, that wasn't it" and see what someone else has to say.
Comment: I appreciate the attempts, but people have suggestions on how their system works, but they don't have full scope and once they answer with what works for them, they can't help after that, and no one else picks up the question.
Comment: Just like this one.
Comment: I'm open to suggestions. I've tried Harbar.net, LearnNowOnline, W3schools, MSVirtualAcademy, ChrisStahl, ShareGate, Credera, SharePointShepherd, Dynamics101, Lynda, a number of other no-name SP "experts," Youtube, CriticalPath classroom training, and forget Microsoft or Office online (set up for 365). I've looked into training locally with NewHorizons, Accelebrate, and LearningTree, but it's not in the company budget. I've even tried to find evening classes, that I would pay for personally, without luck.
Comment: It's not yours or anyone else's job to ensure that I learn what I need, and while I appreciate your help, quite frankly, I really don't see why you or anyone else would care about some name on the screen. But after all of my research, it seems like SharePoint is set up to stay confusing, and when I follow people's advice on the Internet, who pretend like they know what they're doing, it injures me more than helps (I've had entire company content wiped out because of a script I found online). I have to do my job- my family needs to eat, and I don't know what to do. Sorry about your dad's house.
Comment: Thank you Eric.  I'll look into that.  Thanks for your help.


AES encryption for openwrt distribution

Question: I'm using openwrt distribution and I want to encrypt a file using AES. How can I do that quickly and easily, and how can I - or someone else -decrypt it again?
Answer: Use Gnupg or P7zip. Both are available as packages on OpenWRT.
With Gnupg, you can either use public-key encryption (you encrypt with one or more public keys and someone with the corresponding private key can decrypt) (gpg -e), or encryption with a key that's derived from a password (gpg -c). GnuPG doesn't actually use AES by default, but that's irrelevant.
With p7zip, run 7z -mem=AES128 -p archive.zip myfile. Beware that the password will end up in your shell history and can be seen by other users on the same machine if they run ps while the 7z process is running. Note that if you forget the -p option, 7z produces a non-encrypted archive.
Do not use the zip command or the ZipCrypto method of p7zip. It produces encrypted zip files with an ancient, broken encryption algorithm.
Do not use the openssl command. Although it can use AES-CBC (in addition to a number of insecure algorithms such as DES-* or *-ECB), the way it generates a key from a password is broken (even if you salt it, which is not the case by default, it's too slow, so it's easy to brute force).

AES encryption for openwrt distribution


is there anyway to get datetime field in format dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss format using formula field

Question: How to get datetime field in format dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss format using formula field. I have date time as "9/12/2016 5:21 PM" but i want it as "12/9/2016 5:21 PM"
Answer: Yes.
When you create a formula field, you would need to set it to return DateTime:

You'd need to explain in a bit more detail as to what your problem might be, but as you can see from the example there, you can use functions such as NOW() which would return the current DateTime.
The format that is returned depends on your Locale Settings.

To find out what date/time format your Locale setting uses:

From your personal settings, enter Advanced User Details in the Quick Find box, then select Advanced User Details. No results? Enter Personal Information in the Quick Find box, then select Personal Information.
View the date/time format used in the read-only Created By field. This is the format you should use for entering dates and times in Salesforce fields.

If something like M/D/Y H:M:S is being returned instead of something like D/M/Y H:M:S and you'd prefer the latter, you can adjust the settings by going to...

Setup > My Personal Information > Personal Information

... And adjusting the Locale setting there.
Edit
You could use a formula field to return a String (text) and use the following to construct your preferred DateTime:
MID(TEXT(NOW()), 9, 2) // Day
&"/"& // Add a slash
MID(TEXT(NOW()), 6, 2) // Month
&"/"& // Add a slash
MID(TEXT(NOW()), 0, 4) // Year
&" "& // Add a space
MID(TEXT(NOW()), 12, 5) // Get the whole time (hh:mm)

Basically here we're using the MID method to cut the DateTime based on their start position and how many characters we want to select. This will create DD/MM/YYYY HH:MM. Don't copy the comments into the formula.
Comment: i need it for email template. So i am using one datetime field but it is showing me as standard salesforce format mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm:ss AM/PM. But i need it in dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss AM/PM so i am thinking to create a formula field for that.
Comment: @Jackvardy See my edits.


References for elliptic curves over schemes

Question: As in the title, I want some references about theories for elliptic curves over rings(not fields) or over schemes. I heard that behaviours(?) of such elliptic curves are not as simple as elliptic curves over fields. Could anyone suggest me any references(books, papers, lecture notes, etc)?
Answer: Try the first chapters of Arithmetic Moduli of Elliptic Curves, by N. Katz and B. Mazur, Annals of Math Studies 108
Answer: You could try reading (the relevant parts of) Qing Liu's book on Algebraic geometry or the book on Neron models by Bosch-Lutkebohmert-Raynaud to get a feeling for  elliptic curves over one-dimensional schemes. You could also try reading some papers where abelian schemes are used, e.g., Szpiro's asterisque (1985) on the Mordell conjecture, or Jinbi Jin's paper http://arxiv.org/abs/1303.4327 on equations for the modular curve $Y_1(n)$ over $\mathbf Z[1/n]$.


What is the correct method for Manasik Japa?

Question: How do you actually perform manasik japa? What is the correct method?
Comment: Related -- https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/q/22632/4732
Answer: You do manasa Japa by contemplating the words of the mantra without moving your lips.
On Japa

Learned men say that this is Svadhyaya if one performs the Japa of the
Vedantic passages, Satarudriya (Vaj. Samhita XVI. 1–66), Pranava (Om)
etc. It brings about the achievement of Sattva Guna in men.

Kurma Purana II.11.22

There are three types of Svadhyayas viz. Vacika (verbal), Upamsu
(inaudible muttering) and Manasa (mental), those who know the meaning
of the Vedas say that the latter ones are better than the earlier
ones.

Kurma Purana II.11.23

That which involves only the throbbing of lips but the words of which
are inaudible to others is designated as Upamsu (inaudible Svadhyaya).
It is better (more efficacious) than vocal Japa.

Kurma Purana II.11.25

The contemplation of all the words in the proper sequence of words and
syllables without throbbing of the lips, is called Manasa Japa (mental
Japa).

Kurma Purana II.11.26
Comment: It means silently repeating the mantra without moving any muscle in your face and also thinking of the meaning of the mantra.  Thinking the meaning of the mantra means thinking about the deity while repeating the mantra. Of course this is theory. In practice you try to do your best. The power of God's name is such that you will get some effect even if your japa is imperfect.
Comment: What does contemplating mean though? Does it mean you say the mantra out loud in your mind?


Show alert popup on standard page layout on click of standard button "Save"

Question: I need to implement alert popup on standard page layout on click of standard button "Save".How can i achieve it.I tried google but not getting a valid implementation.Any idea would be much appreciated.
Answer: You'd need a Visualforce page, as you can't override the standard edit page buttons. Also, see this idea for something you can vote on.
Comment: Still idea has not been implemented as per comments of that post.Do i need to override save button with a VF page? Do you mean to say ?
Comment: @RobertBarnett Yes, your only means today is an override. But do remember to vote, too. I want this feature, too.


Windows search not showing file content results from mapped DFS drive

Question: I already checked the thread Windows 7 search not showing results from mapped Server 2008 R2 BUT my case is different:
We have file servers (2012 R2) and Windows 7 workstations.
The mapped network drive is from a DFS namespace.
When I search from the mapped drive on the workstation I get only the file name matches and an option to search in file contents. When clicking on that it takes ages and anyhow doesn't return all full text matches. On the server I don't have an option "file content".
When I search on the server directly the logical drive or mount the server share (\servername\share) on the workstation, I then get all matches including the full text.
Here two screenshots from the workstation. The first is the DFS mount, the second the direct server mount. Please note the difference in the file types.
DFS namespace share
Server share
Answer: OK, to answer my own question: there is no problem with server or computer configurations. The issue is by design, as windows search doesn't support UNC paths with DFS roots.
As per this site (https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd744693(WS.10).aspx)
Windows Search works well on a single share departmental server with the following characteristics: [truncated] Users directly access the server. That is, the server is not made available through Distributed File System (DFS).


Change Data Capture and SQL Server Analysis Services

Question: I'm designing a database application where data is going to change over time.  I want to persist historical data and allow my users to analyze it using SQL Server Analysis Services, but I'm struggling to come up with a database schema that allows this.  I've come up with a handful of schemas that could track the changes (including relying on CDC) but then I can't figure out how to turn that schema into a working BISM within SSAS.  I've also been able to create a schema that translates nicely in to a BISM but then it doesn't have the historical capabilities I'm looking for.  Are there any established best practices for doing this sort of thing?
Here's an example of what I'm trying to do:
I have a fact table called Sales which contains monthly sales figures.  I also have a regular dimension table called Customers which allows users to look at sales figures broken down by customer.  There is a many-to-many relationship between customers and sales representatives so I can make a reference dimension called Responsibility that refers to the customer dimension and a Sales Representative reference dimension that refers to the Responsibility dimension.  I now have the Sales facts linked to Sales Representatives by the chain of reference dimensions Sales -> Customer -> Responsibility -> Sales Representative which allows me to see sales figures broken down by sales rep.  The problem is that the Sales facts aren't the only things that change over time.  I also want to be able to maintain a history of which Sales Representative was Responsible for a Customer at the time of a particular Sales fact.  I also want to know where the Sale Representative's office was located at the time of a particular sales fact, which may be different than his current location.  I might also what to know the size of a customer's organization at the time of a particular Sales fact, also which might be different than it is currently.  I have no idea how to model this in an BISM-friendly way.
Comment: +1 to iPolvo and Head of Catering for your very helpful answers. I'll be spending the rest of today digesting your recommendations. Thank you.
Answer: You mentioned that you currently have a fact table which contains monthly sales figures.  So one record per customer per month.  So each record in this fact table is actually an aggregation of individual sales "transactions" that occurred during the month for the corresponding dimensions.
So in a given month, there could be 5 individual sales transactions for $10 each for customer 123...and each individual sales transaction could be handled by a different Sales Rep (A, B, C, D, E).  In the fact table you describe there would be a single record for $50 for customer 123...but how do we model the SalesReps (A-B-C-D-E)?
Based on your goals...

to be able to maintain a history of which Sales Representative was Responsible for a Customer at the time of a particular Sales fact
to know where the Sale Representative's office was located at the time of a particular sales fact
to know the size of a customer's organization at the time of a particular Sales fact

...I think it would be easier to model at a lower granularity...specifcally a sales-transaction fact table which has a grain of 1 record per sales transaction.  Each sales transaction would have a single customer and single sales rep.
FactSales
    DateKey (date of the sale)
    CustomerKey (customer involved in the sale)
    SalesRepKey (sales rep involved in the sale)
    SalesAmount (amount of the sale)

Now for the historical change tracking...any dimension with attributes for which you want to track historical changes will need to be modeled as a "Slowly Changing Dimension" and will therefore require the use of "Surrogate Keys".  So for example, in your customer dimension, Customer ID will not be the primary key...instead it will simply be the business key...and you will use an arbitrary integer as the primary key...this arbitrary key is referred to as a surrogate key.
Here's how I'd model the data for your dimensions...
DimCustomer
    CustomerKey (surrogate key, probably generated via IDENTITY function)
    CustomerID (business key, what you will find in your source systems)
    CustomerName
    Location (attribute we wish to track historically)
    -- the following columns are necessary to keep track of history
    BeginDate
    EndDate
    CurrentRecord

DimSalesRep
    SalesRepKey (surrogate key)
    SalesRepID (business key)
    SalesRepName
    OfficeLocation (attribute we wish to track historically)
    -- the following columns are necessary to keep track of historical changes
    BeginDate
    EndDate
    CurrentRecord

FactSales
    DateKey (this is your link to a date dimension)
    CustomerKey (this is your link to DimCustomer)
    SalesRepKey (this is your link to DimSalesRep)
    SalesAmount

What this does is allow you to have multiple records for the same customer.
Ex. CustomerID 123 moves from NC to GA on 3/5/2012...
CustomerKey | CustomerID | CustomerName | Location | BeginDate | EndDate | CurrentRecord
1 | 123 | Ted Stevens | North Carolina | 01-01-1900 | 03-05-2012 | 0
2 | 123 | Ted Stevens | Georgia        | 03-05-2012 | 01-01-2999 | 1

The same applies with SalesReps or any other dimension in which you want to track the historical changes for some of the attributes.
So when you slice the sales transaction fact table by CustomerID, CustomerName (or any other non-historicaly-tracked attribute) you should see a single record with the facts aggregated across all transactions for the customer.  And if you instead decide to analyze the sales transactions by CustomerName and Location (the historically tracked attribute), you will see a separate record for each "version" of the customer location corresponding to the sales amount while the customer was in that location.
By the way, if you have some time and are interested in learning more, I highly recommend the Kimball bible "The Data Warehouse Toolkit"...which should provide a solid foundation on dimensional modeling scenarios.
Answer: The established best practices way of doing what you want is a dimensional model with slowly changing dimensions. Sales reps are frequently used to describe the usefulness of SCDs. For example, sales managers with bonuses tied to the performance of their teams don't want their totals to go down if a rep transfers to a new territory. SCDs are perfect for tracking this sort of thing (and the situations you describe) and allow you to see what things looked like at any point historically.
Spend some time on Ralph Kimball's website to get started. The first 3 articles I'd recommend you read are Slowly Changing Dimensions, Slowly Changing Dimensions Part 2, and The 10 Essential Rules of Dimensional Modeling.
Here are a few things to focus on in order to be successful:

You are not designing a 3NF transactional database. Get comfortable with denormalization.
Make sure you understand what grain means and explicitly define the grain of your database.
Do not use natural keys as keys, and do not bake any intelligence into your surrogate keys (with the exception of your time keys).
The goals of your application should be query speed and ease of understanding and navigation.
Understand type 1 and type 2 slowly changing dimensions and know where to use them.
Make sure you have a sponsor on the business side with the power to "break ties". You will find different people in the organization with different definitions of the same thing, and you need an enforcer with the power to make decisions. To see what I mean, ask 5 different people in your organization to define "customer" or "gross profit". You'll be lucky to get 2 people to define either the same way.
Don't try to wing it. Read the The Data Warehouse Lifecycle Toolkit and embrace the ideas, even if they seem strange at first. They work.
OLAP is powerful and can be life changing if implemented skillfully. It can be an absolute nightmare if it isn't.
Have fun!


Complexity of determining whether the language of an P machine is empty

Question: Suppose you are given a deterministic Turing machine and you are guaranteed it runs in polynomial time. What's the computational complexity of determining whether the language accepted by the machine is empty?
Answer: It's equivalent (under Turing reduction) to deciding whether the language of any given TM is empty.  That is, it is co-RE-complete.  This can be shown using a standard padding argument.
Here are the details.
Let $E_P$ denote the problem in question (deciding whether $L(M)=\emptyset$ for a given TM $M$, with the promise that $M$ runs in polynomial time).
Lemma 1. $E_P$ is co-RE-complete.
Proof.
Let $E_{TM} = \{\langle M \rangle : L(M) = \emptyset\}$ denote the problem of deciding whether the language of a given TM is empty.
Note that $E_{TM}$ is co-RE-complete. (The complement of $E_{TM}$ is RE-hard by Rice's theorem, and in RE by a standard dovetailing argument.)
Clearly $E_P$ reduces to $E_{TM}$ (the reduction, given $\langle M\rangle$, can simply output $\langle M \rangle$).
To finish, we show the converse, that $E_{TM}$ reduces to $E_P$.
Given (the encoding of) an arbitrary TM $M$, the reduction will output the encoding of a TM $M'$ such that $M'$ is guaranteed to run in polytime, and $L(M') = \emptyset$ iff $L(M)=\emptyset$.
The idea is that $L(M')$ will be the set of pairs $(w, 1^i)$ such that $M(w)$ accepts within $i$ steps.  Given an input $(w, 1^i)$, the machine $M'$ simply simulates $M$ on input $w$ for $i$ steps, then accepts if $M$ does (within $i$ steps).  The simulation is done efficiently so that the time it takes is polynomial in the input size, $|w| + i$.  (This is not hard.)  By construction, $L(M')$ is as desired, so $L(M')$ is empty iff $L(M)$ is empty.
Finally, given the encoding of $M$, the encoding of $M'$ is computable. $~~~~\Box$


SSRS 2008 - Filter Expression at Tablix Properties

Question: I wrote the query and did not set up the "where clause" because I would like to have all values returned.
I set up the filter at the Tablix properties and allowed the users to select them as parameters.
I also set up a parameter to filter the result as well. Let's say that parameter's name is "p_location".
What I would like to do:

If the user does not select anything in the parameter box, or parameter box is blank, return everything.  Another word, do not filter anything.
If the user types something in the parameters, filter that parameter against a field name.

I wrote this in the expression and it does not seem to work:
= IIF(IsNothing(Parameters!p_Location.Value),"",Fields!Location.Value)
Then, I select LIKE to be my operator
Then, the value box = Parameters!p_location.value
The user will type the search using the % at the end in order to obtain the result.

Is it possible to set up with the word "ALL" in this parameter box to return everything? If I set it up this way, the filtering might not work because it contains some value, instead of blank.

Thanks in advance.
Answer:
It is necessary to choose the properties for the parameters: "allow null", it is crucial.
You need to choose the default value of "null"
Answer: When using the tablix filter, you need to use * as a wild card. In parameters, set the default value to *.


Why can't we filter unanswered questions by tags?

Question: In the "Questions" tab/button/section/whateveryoucallit, you can filter by tag: https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/bug
But in "Unanswered", you cannot: https://meta.stackoverflow.com/unanswered/tagged/bug (improperly goes to the "My tags" section)
This would be very useful if you are skilled in one area and want to answer questions in that area.
Answer: You are on the wrong tab. Switch away from the My Tags tab, because it will override your selection (My Tags is effectively a list of tags, so it cannot be filtered.)
Remember, SO tabs are all STICKY. If you select a particular tab one, it will stay selected.
the My Tags tab on /unanswered now overrides and shows exactly what tags are in play, also, it uses your "interesting" tags if you've populated them.
Comment: I don't get it. If I show the questions for a tag by clicking on that tag, there is no "unanswered" tab in the second tab row, only in the first row. And when I click at the "unanswered" tab in the first tab row, it shows questions of all tags again. I don't see any stickyness.

The only thing I see is "Unanswered/My Tags", but this does not help much, since in "My Tags" there are many tags I find interesting, but for which I am not necessarily competent enough to answer questions.
Comment: @hstoerr. Took me a while to work it out. Click "Unanswered" tab, then down the right column you'll find a panel titled "Unanswered Tags", click on your tag of expertise and I reckon you've got what you want.

Or http://stackoverflow.com/unanswered/tagged/
Comment: Whoops. Sorry I jumped the gun. My instructions are base on what it looks like you should do but it doesn't work.

@Jeff. I think you should give this a high priority. I want to make it a routine to try and answer one question daily but only for vb.net questions.
Comment: Thanks Jeff. Really useful, hopefully I can not be useful and start answering some questions.


Moving the Z-axis stepper motors below Z 0.0

Question: My Prusa i3 MK3 forgot his home position and it now assumes that the Z 0.0 position is right at the top of the printer. I've asked about this in the Prusa forum before and at that time, I accidentally found a solution using Pronterface.
So I am now in the same situation again. The printer head is at the very top. It assumes that this is Z 0.0, so I can't move it down.
Calibrating Z does not help. It will always display

Some problem encounteres, Z-leveling enforced ...

and some time later, it calibrates Z again, resulting in the same problem and so on (endless loop).
The Pronterface trick (pressing the home button) does not work any more. However, Pronterface seems to accept raw G-Code.
Which G-Code command would I need to send to the printer to let the head move down? That would need to be a command that just rotates the stepper motor and does not consider the Z-axis value, so that the head effectively moves to negative Z values.
I have also tried:

moving the head down manually while the printer was turned off. I'd like to avoid that. It just doesn't feel right. However, it worked after the third attempt and I was able to do a XYZ calibration. However, during bed leveling, it failed and went into the "some problem encountered" state again.
Answer: To allow negative axis values, usually, the way is to use G1 S1 to disable boundary checks and G1 S0 to enable them.
Another way is to force homing Z, which means moving till an endstop triggers and then moving back up the specified motion via G28 Z
Another alternative would be to send G92 Z50 to set the Z-hight to 50, then G1 Z-50 F200 to move that much down, rinse and repeat.


why project dependency affect linker settings

Question: any idea why project dependency (Visual Studio) affects linker settings (C++)? I thought that it's enough to chceck linker settings (Additional depend...) or pragma in source code. It's not a big problem, I'm just curious. Thanks.
Answer: If I understand correctly, you are referring to the feature that, when you check project B as dependency of project A, B gets linked into A. This is just for usablility. In that case, Visual Studio knows that it has to check B for changes (and rebuild if necessary) if A gets build. It's really just convenience.
Answer: If you set your project dependencies correctly then you don't need to add any additional dependencies in the linker tab. What's more, dependencies set correctly ensure that the matching build configuration is linked rather than you having to make sure you set the correct additional directories in the linker.
In general it's best to use the project dependencies to organise your linkage where possible and only add truly 'additional' libraries directly to the linker tab.


What happens to the past desires of a person when they get enlightened?

Question: Let's say a person who is a drug addict gets enlightened, then what will happen to his addiction? Will it just fade away just because he realized the drugs, the fun, and the one who enjoyed are part of maya and not real or at the level of maya the person will still need to struggle to get rid of his addiction just like anybody else other than the fact the person will know that it is not he who is struggling?
Answer: Bhagavad Gita 4.36  answers this question.

अपि चेदसि पापेभ्य: सर्वेभ्य: पापकृत्तम: |
सर्वं ज्ञानप्लवेनैव वृजिनं सन्तरिष्यसि
Even if you be the worst sinner among all sinners, still you will cross over all the wickedness with the raft of Knowledge alone.
Translation Swami Gambhirananda

Wisdom and Passion (for any vice or virtue as well) cannot co-exist. When the person acquires conviction over the Self , no longer can the person value / hold on to,  a passion/desire ,over any sense object whatsoever.. (Spiritual) wisdom does not occur on a impure mind..Once the Knowledge occurs , all struggle seizes , Sense of Peace would come about quickly without delay(jñānaṁ labdhvā parāṁ śhāntim achireṇādhigachchhati4.39)
The person isn't impelled by a desire to act , yet the person may  face the experience of prarabdha karma with equanimity of mind.

naiva tasya kritenartho  ..self-realized souls have nothing to gain or lose either in discharging or renouncing their duties. Nor do they need to depend on other living beings to fulfill their interests.(BG 3.18)

PS:

Chandogya upanishad 6.14.2.--- yaani pravr.ttaphalaani---
Those actions which have started yielding results and by which the body of the man of knowledge was brought into existence ,get exhausted only by their results being actually experienced, just as an arrow that has gathered momentum after having been discharged stops only when the momentum is exhausted.(Sri Shankara commentary Translation SN Saastri)

But the Jnani experiences it with equanimity of mind
An enlightened , may not possess any addiction for  worldly things(be it drug  addiction or any other)..akin to case of an adult losing a natural inclination for toddler play things , which the same adult cherished previously ,  as a toddler.


Can I include other students' master thesis in the literature review of my master thesis?

Question: Can I include other students' master thesis in the literature review of my master thesis? These master thesis that I found are published in Google Scholar and other online libraries/archives.
Comment: Your user name is fun, of course, and I don't recommend changing it, but to some here it might be bait. Welcome to the site.
Comment: @Buffy thanks! haha I know, I named it out of frustration I had on StackOverflow where people kept downvoting my questions no matter how accurate or detailed I tried to be.
Comment: I'm a bit curious why there would be hesitation doing so @dontdownvoteme.
Comment: @dontvotemedown, thanks, I see.
Comment: Yes of course you can. Sometimes they must be cited in articles as well.
Comment: @Aruralreader that's because in the past projects of my master degree we have used other students' reports as "Related Work" and now I was confused if this is considered a Related work or Literature review.
Answer: Actually, it might be essential to do so. Especially if you draw on or extend their work. You need to cite anything you use, of course.
Moreover, a literature review, if it is to be complete may need to draw on things that are "visible" even if not formally published. You may, however, need to make it clear that some such things haven't been peer reviewed so the reader needs to take some caution in accepting their results.
Answer: If the thesis is relevant, then yes, you can certainly include it. If the thesis disseminates important and original findings on the topic you are surveying, then you should definitely include it.
I once read a peer-reviewed book-chapter by a professor that cited a master's thesis (the thesis was neither by the professor himself nor by a superstar).


I am installing Ubuntu for the first time, i want it to be my main OS

Question: So i have Windows 8.1 or something like that right now but it's a dirty version since i once have sent it to a friend to repair it for me, but this is not the reason why i want to switch, i do it because i was advised by some colleagues.
Not being a master programmer, not being a programmer at all actually, i want to switch to Ubuntu completely and i will be honest, i am a bit terrified by the amount of knowledge needed , but hope will do just fine, i followed the guide to install it, now here is the core question, will windows be removed entirely after i install ubuntu or will i still have it a a bug that tries to watch over my work?
If it's the second one, would you guys advise me to make ubuntu my main OS, and if so, how can i do it, is removing windows completely an option?
Comment: Anything short of a dual boot then Windows will all be gone! Yes it's good option, no bugs as it will completely remove windows
Comment: Don't wipe the whole disk! Keep Windows around to do things that can only be done in Windows. Set up a dual-boot configuration.
Answer: It depends on how you did the installation.

Dualboot

If you are running ubuntu as a second os alongside windows, there is nothing to worry about since the the two OSes are not running at the same time.
Windows cannot watch and monitor your files while ubuntu is running, however, you can access your windows content from the ubuntu. To achieve this, you have to mount your windows partition so that you can read and write to it. This guide would be useful.
https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-mount-partition-with-ntfs-file-system-and-read-write-access

Windows removed completely,

Like I said, if you install wiping the whole disk, then the windows is no longer there. which case the contents on the windows cannot be access unless with some data recovery tool.
NB. Provide a link to the installation guide. And don't be worried about your limited knowledge. Google is your friend.
EDIT:
Use the installation guide from techmint for the dual booting.
https://www.tecmint.com/install-ubuntu-16-04-alongside-with-windows-10-or-8-in-dual-boot/
Comment: Hi, thank you very much for the help i used https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-install-ubuntu-desktop?_ga=2.160916669.1088673503.1502296436-651342422.1502296436#0
as a guide, i will definitely wipe the whole disk!
Comment: Which option did you select on step 6?
Comment: I did not do it yet due to my previous concerns, i have just burnt it to my dvd and am about to start the installation following that guide, on step 6 i believe it's Erase disk and Install Ubuntu
Comment: @R.Mir  Don't wipe the whole disk! Keep Windows around to do things that can only be done in Windows. Set up a dual-boot configuration.
Comment: And od your backups first. After erasing and installing is too late for that...
Comment: please use the guide from techmint. And install it alongside. https://www.tecmint.com/install-ubuntu-16-04-alongside-with-windows-10-or-8-in-dual-boot/
Answer: dualboot!
All you need is some disk space for Ubuntu. You choose Ubuntu or Windows on startup. Neither will affect the other (unless you do something yourself).
You'll be able to use your old Windows if you need it and you can start learning Ubuntu step by step.
Ubuntu isn't so hard to learn, it's just different. Maybe you can learn to use it in less time than you learned working with windows.
...there are lots of guides on dualbooting
Answer: I would advice to plan this ...

install virtualbox in Windows,
install Ubuntu in virtualbox,
set  up and try to do anything you want to do in Ubuntu
take note of the programs you are depending on on Windows,
create a NTFS data partition for Ubuntu and move your files to this partition (if you do not have a D: drive already).

When you got used to Ubuntu switch it around:

wipe the Windows.
install Ubuntu
install virtualbox
install Windows in virtualbox
install software in Windows you could not get used to in Ubuntu.
Use Ubuntu and Windows when needed

When you get to a point you never use Windows convert the data partition to ext4 and delete virtualbox+Windows.

i am a bit terrified by the amount of knowledge neede

Dual boot is annoying when you really need to use Windows for something specific that does not (seem ;) ) to work for you in Linux. There are 2 things I still need Windows for:

my Logitech remote control. Only works when I use Windows to connect to it.
VPN. Part of my work is helping clients with our software but some of them use VPNs that just do not want to work with Linux.

I have a windows in a vbox container just for the VPNs. It is not installed and I copy it over when I need it and remove it when no longer wanted.

It took me a year to get used to Linux. (old dude rambling) And I had a background (I used Xenix and Unix even before Linux existed) and I am a programmer. Back then we had to install it from a text based installer and make sure the dependencies where installed. Plus we had no freaking internet. Linux came with a monthly magazine...
I would advice to use above strategy though you can skip the 1st part and install Ubuntu with vbox and Windows in it. Make sure to make a backup before you start.
And you are lucky: you have AskUbuntu to help you out so leech of our experience.


Mac requires password every time I wake it

Question: I have my Macbook set to require a password one hour after sleep or inactivity, but it still asks for my password even after a moment of sleep. Am I misunderstanding this setting or is there another setting I am overlooking?
Answer: You didn't say where you set the preference, or your OS X version.
System Preferences → Security & Privacy → General has a setting:
In OSX 10.9 / 10.10: "Require password Immediately after sleep or screen saver begins."
In OSX Mavericks: "Require password for sleep and screen saver", followed by the time.
That item should be turned on and set to your preferred time.
If it already was, turn it off, quit System Preferences, then relaunch System Preferences and turn it on, then set your preferred time.
Answer: There are a few things to consider with Macs and how they sleep.
You have display sleep, which is when the screen fades out.
You have computer sleep, which is when the system puts your work and settings in memory and draws a small amount of power; also known as standby.
Then you have deep sleep, which is when the RAM is stored onto the System's HDD. When you turn it on again, it will restore your session from disk to RAM. This process can take a while and you'll notice it more apparently depending on how fast your system is.
In System Preferences > Security & Privacy > General there is a setting to require password immediately after sleep, but this is only computer sleep, or soft sleep.
When your computer is in deep sleep, it will always require your password again when it wakes.
You may have encountered instant deep sleep without knowing, and this can be remedied by increasing the standby delay by following this guide here


Hi, i have a List View containing a multiple line text column (6 lines) with append changes to the end selected,

Question: I have an Edit Item Form for a list in Sharepoint that i want to change in Sharepoint Designer, to remove 2 fields from the form that the user should not change.
I believe i have to change HTML code to remove the two fields.
The fields i have in List1 are a1, a2, a3, a4 (ID OM), a5 (Responsavel)
I wish to remove a4 and a5 from the editing form (they are Lookup fields) of this list. The user should not change them,
Can anybody tell me how to do this?

thanks
Comment: Sorry the title was not corrected - please refer to the body of this issue
Answer: You can create a custom edit form in SPD and set this as the default edit form.
Once done, go into the edit form on your browser > edit page > edit the form webpart using the xml editor.
You can either remove the rows entirely by deleting the html for the table rows that contain these two fields, or change the XML so that it shows the display value instead.
Answer: The easiest way to achieve this is as follows;

Go to the list app from the Site Content page
Click List on the menu bar then List Settings
Click Advanced Settings
Select Yes to Allow management of content types; click OK
Under Content Types click the content Type

Select the column you wish to hide and change Column Settings to Hidden

Now when you edit or add a new item these fields will not be visible. You will still be able to see them in a list-view.