In Ruby, should I use control flow to initialize an accumulator inside a loop?

Question: Is it good practice to initialize an accumulator like this?
100.times do
  @accumulator = (@accumulator || 0) + 1
end

Or should I just initialize it outside the loop and do:
@accumulator = 0
100.times do
  @accumulator += 1
end

Answer: To directly answer your question, I'd normally initialize outside the loop.
However, I would say best practice is to use higher order functions in block form that negates the need for an explicit loop.
@accumulator = 100.times.reduce do |memo, element|
  memo + element
end

Or, in this case you could even use a symbol to specify the method as so:
@accumulator = 100.times.reduce(:+)

This applies the "+" method to each pair in turn.
http://ruby-doc.org/core-2.1.0/Enumerable.html#method-i-reduce
Answer: I like the second one. but if you are looking for a acumulator for .times method you could use
100.times do |accumulator|
  p accumulator
end

the only difference with yours examples is that you have an object attribute as accumulattor, so if you need that attibute for latter usage, you could do something like this
100.times do |c|
  @accumulator = c
end


How to include child documents in Lyx

Question: I am new to LaTeX and LyX. For writing my thesis I got 2 files from university: uw_masters_thesis.sty and sample_thesis.tex. The sample file contains \usepackage{uw_masters_thesis} in preamble. If I use LaTex I simply put both files in same directory and include child documents by using \include or \input in the sample_thesis.tex document.
The embedded objects manual in LyX suggests to specify the Document Class of master document in child document. But in my case the document class is Report (Standard Class). In my understanding, what uses the style file is the \usepackage{uw_masters_thesis} in preamble.
I am creating thesis chapters (child documents) in lyx without specifying any thing in Document Stettings. I want them to use the style provided by .sty file and finally include all of them in master document. How can I achieve this in Lyx. Please suggest a step by step solution.
Comment: please wait much longer than 2 hours to cross-post, and if you do cross-post, put the links from each post to each other. (thank you for mentioning that you did post on Stack Exchange on the LyX list though). Here is the LyX mailing list link: http://email@example.com/msg99201.html
Comment: Could you give some feedback on my answer below (upvote and/or accept if it is useful, comment if not)? If you provide a link to the files (`uw_masters_thesis.sty` and `sample_thesis.tex`) it will be much easier to give specific advice. (The same goes for your question about Harvard style, it is nice to get feedback on whether an answer is helpful or not.)
Answer: If I understand you correctly, the only thing you need to do is to place the .sty file in the same folder as your .lyx file, and then go to Document --> Settings --> LaTeX preamble, and add \usepackage{uw_masters_thesis}. You probably need to do this for each child document.
(This could depend on how sample_thesis.tex is set up as well. See Writing a thesis in Lyx using a Latex Template - What am I doing wrong? for an example of a similar situation.)

How to include child documents in Lyx


Accumulation Values of a sequence

Question: $a_n=(1+ \frac{1}{n})^ {-4+n}$
How do you find all the accumulation points of a sequence?
I normally firstly look of the first  members of the sequence and try to find a subsequences. Then calculate their limit and then I have the accumulation points.
I know that the sequence is increasing and that the limit of $a_n= e $. But I could not get further.
Could you give me any tips for the problem and in general, how you proceed? And maybe is a stupid question, but if you have the limit of sequence is it so that the subsequences have the same limit as the limit of the sequence?
Answer: Accumulation points for a sequence indicates towards all subsequential limits.
Whenever a sequence converge, it have only one accumulation point.
As your example,the only accumulation value is $e$

Accumulation Values of a sequence


If you launch a booster from international waters, who do you have to notify beforehand?

Question: If I have a booster capable of reaching LEO, and want to launch it from a sailing platform in the middle of the South Atlantic (on the equator) do I have to notify some agency or state beforehand? Can it be mistaken for SLBM launch?
Comment: It seems the arms export control act has to be considered at the very least [link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Launch#Concerns_and_investigations)
Comment: @randomUsername That would be a concern if I was a legal entity registered in the US.
Answer: It seems the host country of the company requires a permit. This has been done by only one company that I'm aware of, Sea Launch. Sea Launch was licensed by the FCC, as it was managed by Boeing. If it's not a company, then it would be the host country. And quite frankly, if a person don't have citizenship of any country, then they seem unlikely to be in such a position. In any such case, the UN should be notified, along with any country over which a piece of the rocket might drop a stage.
It could fairly easily be differentiated from a ballistic missile, long before it would get to a point of any real danger. Most rockets burn out after around 10 minutes, while it would take a full 40 minutes or so to get across the world. Once the rocket is burned out, it's very easy to tell, and I suspect the profile is radically different even for a rocket not yet burnt out. You should also notify whatever entity manages the air traffic in the area.
Comment: The person has to be a citizen of somewhere.
Comment: @KamenN. No, that's it. It's in the Space Liability Convention, part of the Outer Space Treaty. It's not just some US law. It's international.
Comment: If it is not company? A natural person renting a platform and buying, building or acquiring by some other means the booster?
Comment: Can you provide some reference for "the host country of the company requires a permit" ,  except the FAA link? It is pertains to the US only.
Comment: Frankly the closest you will get to this is Sea Launch, so you would likely be following whatever procedures they do. To say something like "oh well Sea Launch is from X country and I'm from Y country" doesn't really make sense since in the space community the general attitude is cooperation and building on heritage -- much thought went into how they control their launches so why would you scrap all that and try to get away with something less?
Comment: I'm going to suggest that if the concern is a person without nationality launching a rocket that it be opened as a question specifically. I would leave this question alone. Meanwhile, I'm going to clean up all such comments relating to a person without country affiliation launching a rocket.
Comment: From a practical standpoint you should notify both air traffic control and whatever notification system exists for ships warning where the pieces of your rocket will come down.  You also want to tell all the nuclear powers to avoid mistakes made in panic.  The world's highest nuclear alert was from a rocket launch where the notification was lost.


Ubuntu & OpenConnect : any way to provide additional arguments?

Question: I'm using OpenConnect to connect to my workplace via VPN. This works fine, but I'd like to use Ubuntu's network manager to establish connections. I guess it's a matter of having all connections managed by the network manager, and have connections available by a couple of clicks.
Now, the network-manager-openconnect allows me to provide a few configuration details. However, there's a great deal of options I can't provide through the UI to configure an openconnect connection. Is there a way I can control this, either through the UI or through the connection's profile file (physical file).
Examples of arguments are the --no-xmlpost and --csd-wrapper arguments.
Comment: another one (I need) is reducing MTU like `-m 1200` to fix mysterious ssh over vpn problems
Answer: --useragent also seems important instead of individual fixes like this PR https://github.com/NetworkManager/NetworkManager-openconnect/pull/1 a general solution would be way better


Can i have NRE accounts without OCI card?

Question: I was Indian Citizen and I have NRE accounts in India. I recently became US citizen but I don't have OCI card yet. So the period between acquiring US citizenship and getting OCI card is 3-4 months. Am I still consider NRI without having OCI?
What are the RBI guideline about NRE account during this 3-4 months period when I don't have OCI? Do I need to cancel them and open them again after I get OCI?
Answer: No, you do not need an OCI card to continue to have an NRE or NRO account. You are now classified as a PIO -- Person of Indian Origin -- (and you don't need to have a PIO card issued by the Government of India to prove it) and are entitled to use NRE and NRO accounts just as you were when
you were a NRI (NonResident Indian).  But, you should inform the banks
where you have NRE and NRO accounts that you have changed citizenship,
and they may need to go through their KYC (Know Your Customer) process
with you all over again.
If you don't get an OCI Card, you will need to have an Indian visa stamped into your new US passport to visit India, and please do remember to send your Indian passport to the nearest Indian Consulate for cancellation. Keep the surrender certificate and cancelled passport in your safe deposit box forever; your grandchildren will need it to get visas to visit India. (My granddaughter just did).
If you do get an OCI Card, you will need to have an OCI stamp put into
your new US passport, and when you renew your US passport, you will need to get the new one stamped too (and pay the fee for that, of course). You cannot enter India with just an
OCI Card and a US passport without the OCI stamp in it; that stamp
is vital. If you move
from one residential address in the US to another,  you will need to
get a new OCI Card issued because, unlike the US "green card",
the OCI card has your residential address on it. Once again,
a fee is involved.  All these processes take many weeks because
the whole paperwork has to go to the Ministry of External Affairs
in New Delhi, and meanwhile, your passport is not available to you
for a trip to Europe or Japan or Taiwan or China if you need to go
there on business (or for pleasure).


Will painting a 4 element 10 m yagi using conductive paint onto the side of a building work?

Question: Will painting a 4 element yagi using conductive paint onto the side of a
building work?
Answer: ah, at 10m wavelengths, building aren't really RF transparent, but one can abstract a wall to something relatively homogenous with RF properties defined by the wall material.
(That's because the feature sizes are much smaller than the wavelength)
What's your building made of?

If that contains steel reinforcements, or metal window panes, or cables running far, then these will effect the RF property of your paint-wall-combination far more than a bit of conductive paint.
If, on the other hand, your building is made of wood, or a 17th century limestone wall
without steel reinforcements, chances are good that it'll be
something that works. But barely so: Conductive paint isn't very conductive, and your paint would be very thin, and your wall not perfectly flat (roughness below the thickness of paint!), so that this will be a very inefficient antenna. I don't think you'd do much better than a random piece of wire hung from the top of the wall down.

Aluminium foil might work way better; conductive paint is conductive, but not nearly as good as a continuous stripe of metal. Even better would be thin wires glued/nailed to that wall – you'd be surprised how good a piece of copper wire is as conductor compared to foil (and of course compared to conductive paint). Thin wires have the downside of leading to the yagi antenna being only pretty narrow in bandwidth – the combination of foil at the ends of the elements (to make them more "butterfly-y" and thus slightly wider matched) might help, but to be honest here: this is speculation and could only be realistically answered in simulation; due to the wall probably not being even nearly well-known enough geometrically and RF-wise for such a simulation to be meaningful:
You'd have to try with your specific wall.
Comment: I'd like to see the rotator for that array as well.
Comment: Probably less work to actually put up the wire version of the antenna and measure the output, than try to get enough info about the wall to make an accurate simulation.
Comment: @ZeissIkon exactly! It'll still be super cool to have a simulation of an easy-to-make aluminium foil surface antenna, because honestly, I can see people just adding a good flat piece of wood/styrofoam… to their house wall and glue foil to that, if that actually is a viable thing on a good flat surface.
Comment: Rotator LOL :) .
Comment: @Duston https://pixabay.com/photos/wind-mill-mill-kinderdijk-2752622/ The base of these rotates pretty freely, and the building itself is made from wood without much metal at all. I do not recommend trying to paint it, though.


Uniform bounds on the number of integer points on a family of elliptic curves

Question: Let $P(x,y)$ be a binary cubic polynomial with integer coefficient. Let $n$ be an integer. Suppose the (complex) curve $P(x,y)=n$ is nonsingular, so is an elliptic curve. Is there any bound on the number of the integer points on it that is uniform in $n$? I'm particularly interested in the case when $P(x,y)=xy(x+y)$ (and $n$ is a nonzero integer).
Comment: @alpoge: Ah, I see, you just clear a common denominator for arbitrarily many solutions. Sorry about this :) .
Comment: @VesselinDimitrov Yep absolutely! I didn't actually produce one with positive rank but I'm sure a quick computer search will. (Or else the O(1) is true by Mazur! But I'd doubt it...)
Comment: There should be a bound of shape O(3^{\omega(n)}), but O(1) is doubtful. For example take an n for which there are infinitely many rational solutions and scale x and y. (You could require n to be cubefree of course, but still it seems unlikely. Also once n is cubefree the trivial bound O(d(n)) [d the divisor function] is at most O(3^{\omega(n)}), so I guess I haven't told you anything useful!)
Comment: If this is of any use, the number of integer solutions to $xy(x+y) = n$ is certainly bounded above by an exponential function of $\omega(n)$, the number of distinct prime factors of $n$. Beyond this such questions are wide open, related to the problem of boundedness of ranks in families of elliptic curves.
Comment: @alpoge: We posted our comments at the same time (regarding exponential boundedness in $\omega(n)$) - I think you beat me by one second. I am not seeing what you mean about scaling $x$ and $y$ though - wouldn't that change $n$?
Comment: Yeah! But I think the question was for a bound uniform in n.
Comment: (@VesselinDimitrov) and yeah, that was kind of cool --- I figured the app on my phone had glitched up but nope!
Comment: IIRC Silverman wrote about similar Thue equations, giving lower bound via scaling x,y and using the group law.
Answer: As the other answers have made clear, there is a big difference if $n$ is arbitrary, or if $n$ is cube-free. But actually, the right formulation in the latter case is to instead ask for solutions $(x,y)$ satisfying $\gcd(x,y)=1$. So for any $n\in\mathbb Z\setminus\{0\}$, let
$$ N^*(F,n)
  = \#\bigl\{(x,y)\in\mathbb Z^2 : F(x,y)=n~\text{and}~\gcd(x,y)=1\bigr\}.
$$
Also let $E_{F,n}:F(x,y)=nz^3$ be the associated elliptic curve. Then there is a bound of the form [1]
$$ N^*(F,n) \le C(F)^{1+\text{rank}\,E_{F,n}(\mathbb Q)}, $$
where $C(F)$ is independent of $n$. In particular, if you could find any one $F$, for example $F(x,y)=xy(x+y)$ as you specified, for which you could prove that
$$ \sup_{n\in\mathbb Z\setminus\{0\}} N^*(F,n) = \infty, $$
then you would also have proven that
$$ \sup_{n\in\mathbb Z\setminus\{0\}} \text{rank}\,E_{F,n}(\mathbb Q) = \infty, $$
which would be a spectacular result. I've listed a few references that deal with uniform bounds for integer points on (minimal) affine models of elliptic curves. The following MO questions/answers also seem related/relevant:
unboundedness of number of integral points on elliptic curves?
Can the number of solutions $xy(x-y-1)=n$ for $x,y,n \in Z[t]$ be unbounded as n varies?
[1] J.H. Silverman, Integer points and the rank of Thue elliptic
curves Invent. Math. 66 (1982), 395-404.
[2] D. Abramovich, Uniformity of stably integral points on elliptic
curves, Invent. Math. 127 (1997), 307-317.
[3] J.H. Silverman, A quantitative version of Siegel's theorem: Integral
points on elliptic curves and Catalan curves, J. Reine Angew. Math.
378 (1987), 60-100.
[4] M. Hindry, J.H. Silverman, The canonical height and integral
points on elliptic curves, Invent. Math. 93 (1988), 419--450.
Answer: Joro's linked paper is due to my thesis advisor, Professor C. L. Stewart, and in that paper he showed that if you allow non-primitive integer pairs, you can get impressive lower bounds for Thue equations for infinitely many $n$. However, the more natural question is to ask whether one can bound the number of primitive solutions. On that, Stewart actually made a conjecture in his 1991 JAMS paper "On the number of solutions of polynomial congruences and Thue equations" which is the strongest possible: there exists an absolute constant $c$ such that for any binary form $F$ with integer coefficients, degree $d$ at least $3$, and non-zero discriminant, there exists a number $r_F$ which depends on $F$ such that for all integers $h$ with absolute value exceeding $r_F$, there are at most $c$ primitive solutions to the equation $F(x, y) = h$. This conjecture is best possible since there are always forms where $F(x, y) = 1$ has at least $d$ solutions for any degree $d$.
This conjecture has been supported in many settings. There is an arxiv preprint due to J. L. Thunder that shows that primitive solutions to Thue equations come from either an extremely good rational approximation to an algebraic number or an "exotic" lattice. He proved that the proportion of such lattices go to zero as $h$ tends to infinity.
I had thought about this conjecture for years now. To me the most convincing evidence is the work of Stoll and others on finding bounds for the number of rational points on hyperelliptic curves. The state of the art today basically shows that one can apply the Chabauty-Coleman method to get a bound which depends only on the degree of the form and the rank of the Jacobian. However the deficit is that this only works if the rank is smaller than the genus. This is almost surely satisfied for large degrees, since the average rank of the Jacobian of hyperelliptic curves is bounded by Bhargava-Gross. To prove the weak version of Stewart's conjecture where one replaces the absolute constant $c$ with a number $c(d)$ which depends on $d$, we just need to show that given a form $F$, the rank is bounded within the family of quadratic twists. This is not doable yet as far as I know.
A more encouraging result is recent work by Balakrishnan et. al who applied Chabauty to count integer points. This relaxes the condition "rank less than genus" to also allow the equality case. However, this is still not enough to prove even the weak version of Stewart's conjecture.
I would be very interested to see a resolution of his conjecture.
Here are some references:
C. L. Stewart, On the number of solutions of polynomial congruences and Thue equations, Journal of the American Mathematical Society, (4) 4 (1991), 793-835. (http://www.ams.org/journals/jams/1991-04-04/S0894-0347-1991-1119199-X/S0894-0347-1991-1119199-X.pdf)
J. L. Thunder, Thue equations and lattices, arXiv:1505.00197 [math.NT] (http://arxiv.org/abs/1505.00197)
J. S. Balakrishnan, A. Besser, J.S. Muller, Quadratic Chabauty: p-adic heights and integral points on hyperelliptic curves, to appear in Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik (http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/crelle.ahead-of-print/crelle-2014-0048/crelle-2014-0048.xml)
Answer: Here is lower bound, via alpoge's construction in comments:
https://uwaterloo.ca/pure-mathematics/sites/ca.pure-mathematics/files/uploads/files/cubic_thue_equations.pdf
Abstract: We shall prove that if $F$ is a cubic binary form with integer coefficients and non-zero discriminant then
there is a positive number $c$, which depends on $F$, such that the Thue equation $F (x, y) = m$ has at least $c(\log{m})^{1/2}$
solutions in integers $x$ and $y$ for infinitely many positive integers $m$.


iPhone 5s: texts and calls show numbers instead of names

Question: I have an iPhone 5s. All contact phone numbers show up in the list as names. How do I get names, not numbers to display for received texts and calls?
Answer: Put people in your iPhone contacts, when you put people in the Contacts application it is best to put in the full telephone number and the country of the person then the iPhone will use the telephone number formatting of that country.
I live in the Netherlands and I have setup my iPhone as such, when I create a new contact by default (unless I change the country) they are listed as being in the Netherlands. The country code for the Netherlands is +31, the "+" is the convention for country code.
If I type in a mobile phone number (the prefix code for mobiles is '6') say
+31 6 12345678 then the iPhone will format it that way. If I type in a fixed land line number, say +31 40 1234567 then it will put in the spaces to correctly identify the region code '40'. If I put in other people from other countries with other formats for phone numbers, say +1 123 12345678 for something in the US, the iPhone will automatically put in the correct spacing.
And you will see the person's name, not number, for incoming and outgoing calls.
Comment: Indeed, you must make sure that the contact entries have the + and not the "00" in front of the country code. This is how the numbers appear in your Messages app (with a +).


Disappearing Apps

Question: I just installed Ubuntu 18.04 on my new comp. I was looking through the apps, tried one out and when I went back into the apps menu, over 50% of my apps were gone. I have looked through everything and can not bring them back. If I go into Ubuntu Software, it shows them as installed, but I have to look them up by name and I am not familiar with all the app names yet.
Comment: I've seen this too on my fresh install of 18.04 and I've confirmed that when it happens that "Frequent" is not selected.  This issue seems to come and go.  I can't reproduce it at will.
Answer: Click on the "All" button at the bottom of your "Show Applications" screen to see all the installed applications instead of just the frequent ones.
Comment: I have All selected and they are still gone. I've rebooted multiple times since then and it hasn't resolved itself.
Comment: @MeMyselfandI Then probably somehow contents of your `/usr/share/applications/` directory have got removed/modified.
Comment: Thanks. I'm going to do a fresh install. I'm thinking something glitched. Some of the other programs are not working quite right.

Disappearing Apps


How to measure microphone output impedance

Question: Is there a method to measure the output impedance of a condenser microphone?
Answer: Of course. First you must have a repeatable amount of sound. Measure the output amplitude without any load (a high-impedance load, like a o-scope probe, is OK). Next load the output with a resistor equal to your best guess of the output impedance, let's say 1k. Measure the output amplitude again. If it is half the original value your guess was correct. Otherwise solve the equation
B * 1k = A * ( 1k + X )

where
A = open amplitude
B = loaded amplitude
1k = the load resistor you used
X = output impedance

Note that, apart from the requirement for a repeatable sound level, this is the same procedure you would use to find the impedance of any voltage source.
Comment: That is mostly correct.  But keep in mind that the output impedance of a mic will change with frequency.  Ideally you would do this test with a sine wave at several frequencies (a different test for each frequency).  Doing the test with something other than a sine wave will produce inconsistent results that are hard to interpret.  But +1 anyway.
Comment: While a condenser mic usually has a FET amp built in, there is also often a capacitor on the output used as a sort of DC blocking cap.  The quality, type, and size of this cap will often make the output impedance vary with freq.
Comment: Thanks. I've worked with speakers where we have measured the impedance using a B&K machine producing a sweep. I wasn't sure if microphones were so variable across frequency, so I left the question very vague. Thanks again!
Comment: @David You are probably more experienced in this than I, but lreanvst mentioned a *condensor* microphone, which AFAIK typically has a FET amplifier built in. Wouldn't the FET produce a more-or-less constant output impedance?


Should I remove UV filters from lenses for product photography?

Question: I am starting to do product photography but I dont know whether I should keep the uv filter on my lens or not.
Comment: Worth a read: [Is a UV Filter required/recommended for lens protection?](https://photo.stackexchange.com/q/17854) and [Will a filter cause more or less damage when lens is dropped?](https://photo.stackexchange.com/q/39879)
Comment: It doesn't make much difference. If you don't want the filter on the lens, remove it. If you do want it on the lens, leave it. If you *really* don't know, flip a coin (because it just isn't worth spending more than a few seconds to decide).
Comment: [To filter or not to filter (for lens 'protection'), that is the question](https://photo.stackexchange.com/a/90197/15871)
Answer: If you shoot indoors and use it to protect you sensor from UV (which is mostly pointless anyway) then you can remove it. If you use it to protect your front lens, then it's not terribly useful either, product photography being not too risky for cameras (do you need to wear special equipment during the shoot?).
So, yes, you can remove that filter to use your lens to its full potential.
Answer: The point of UV filtering on image quality is quite less than with film since the color filters used on sensors tend to be a bit more specific than film emulsion sensitivities were.  To make a difference at all, you'd need UV filters significantly cutting out UV light in the near-visible spectrum.  Those will be quite expensive and will mainly have some effect on lenses prone to purple fringing in backlit outdoor scenes.
Another thought more relevant in the digital age would be to protect plastic lenses (organic agents like canada balm are not that common any more) from premature aging.  This concerns primarily hard UV, an exclusively outdoor concern.
So with regard to getting a somewhat better initial color balance and possibly help with lenses prone to purple fringing, the near-visible UV is the only actual concern.  Which illumination even has UV in it?  Incandescent, particularly halogen.  Most indoor lighting these days is LED or fluorescent.  And of course flash.  Flash does have UV components but those are usually reduced using appropriate filters on the flash itself.
So after walking through the options, it's pretty clear that indoors only rather expensive UV filters with good blockage of near-visible UV could conceivably make a difference, and this difference rarely has a chance to make an impact.  Fine art with strong pigments requiring incandescent lighting for proper appreciation might be the kind of thing where your chances of better results after white balance might improve but you'll likely get better differentiation by using something like a DSC-F828 with RGBE color matrix (namely four primary color receptors instead of three) instead of RGBG.  Note that this increased spectral color resolution has not managed to survive in the market even though it should make it easier to capture colors tricky to white balance.
Now you are not talking fine art photography but product photography.  You are not going to work with UV-loaded lighting or strong iridiscent pigments.
Your UV filter will mainly be for lens protection.  Since it is not going to buy you any noticeable increase in image quality, there are no tradeoffs in return for any decrease in image quality (waves, stripes, flare, doohickeys).  So keeping the filter on registers as "might-as-well" only for the highest quality filters that really manage to do essentially nothing at all in the visible spectrum.
How much are you willing to pay for nothing?


Is Jagadguru Ramanandacharya considered an incarnation?

Question: Ramanandacharya was a fourteenth century saint, one of the greatest devotees of Sri Rama, Vishishtadvaitin and the founder of the Ramanandi Sampradaya (a sub-sect in Sri Vaishnavism). Kabir, the famous poet-cum-saint who promoted communal harmony, is said to have been one of His disciples. Now my question is whether or not Ramanandacharya is considered an incarnation by His followers?
Answer: Ramanandis consider Ramananda to be an incarnation of Rama, whom they consider supreme. Here is what the Ramanandi Acharya Nabhadasa says in his Bhaktamala:

The magnificence of the approach (devotion) of the Śrī-sect of Jagadguru Bhagavad Śrī Rāmānandāchārya towards Bhagavan Shri Rama appeared on this earth as a pure nectar in the form of Mantra-Raaj (Rama-mantra Parampara started by Bhagavati Sri Sita Ji). In that parampara, Hariyananda appeared after Devanandacharya, and his disciple was Sri Vaishnavacharya Raghavananda who lived in Kashi (Varanasi) and had great reverence for all devotees of Bhagavan. Then, Bhagavad Śrī Rāmānandāchārya appeared in front of Sri Raghavananda with a divine form of ascetic for the welfare of world. Devotion (of Bhagavan Shri Rama) was again strenghthened in Kaliyuga by Bhagavad Śrī Rāmānandāchārya among all four Varnas (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Shudra), and four Ashrama-s (Brahmcharya, Grihasta, Vanprasth, Sannyasa).
Bhagavad Śrī Rāmānandāchārya, who is Bhagavān Śrī Rāma himself appeared in Kaliyuga, built such a great bridge which became the means for the deliverance of Jivas, to bring them across the ocean of mundane existence, just as in the past (in the Treta-yuga) Bhagavan Raghunath had constructed a bridge over the mighty ocean, and thus, innumerable Jivas were delivered and brought to supreme abode by him, (and innumerable Jivas are still being liberated by following Shri Ramanand-Padhati, Sri-sect). He proclaimed everyone has right in Prapatti, and Bhakti of Shri Rama. The twelve Mahabhagavats appeared as his twelve disciples, they are : (1) Śrī Anantānand, (2) Śrī Kabīr, (3) Śrī Sukhānand, (4) Śrī Surasurānand, (5) Śrī Padmāvatī , (6) Śrī Naraharyānand, (7) Śrī Pīpā (8) Śrī Bhāvānand (9) Śrī Raidās (10) Śrī Dhanā (11) Śrī Sēna and (12) Śrī Surasurī (Wife of Śrī Surasurānanda). His disciples, and the disciples of his disciples were illustrious and greatly renowned in the world. They championed (became the abode of) the Dashadha-Bhakti (the ten (10) forms of Bhakti, the 10th form is Prema-Bhakti, Rasika-Bhakti), and thus, they became the cause of the happiness and welfare of this world ! Bhagavad Śrī Rāmānandāchārya remained present in this world for a long time, and whoever surrendered to him, He brought everyone in the supreme abode.

I discuss this Parampara and how it traces its origins to the Sri Vaishnava sect here.  By the way, the Ramanandi sect is not a sub-sect of the Sri Vaishnava sect, but it's part of the Sri Sampradayam of Vaishnavism, which also contains the Sri Vaishnava sect.
Answer: Yes, this is written in scriptures
रामानन्दो रामरूपो राममन्त्रार्थवित्कविः।
राममन्त्रप्रदो रम्यो राममन्त्ररतः प्रभूः।।
(अगस्त्य संहिता, १३३ अध्याय)
Srimad Ramanandacharya is Śrī Rāma himself and he is a poet who knows the meaning of Shriram's mantras. He loves Śrī Rāma Mantra only which attract Chittā of Man.
रामानन्दः स्वयं रामः प्रादुर्भूतो महीतले।
कलौ लोके मुनिर्जातः सर्वजीवदयापरः॥
तप्तकांचनसंकाशी रामानन्दः स्वयं हरिः ॥
The meaning is that Jagadguru Śrīmad Ramānandacharya is Śrī Rāma himself who has appeared on earth.
मध्वो ब्रह्मा शिवो विष्णुर्निम्बार्कः सनकस्तथा ।
शेषो रामानुजो रामो रामानन्दो भविष्यतीति ॥
~भार्गव पुराण
Also said in bhargav uppuran ie
That madhavacharya, nimbarkacharya, shesh naag will come as ramanujacharya and shri Ram himself will come as Jagadguru Ramanandacharya
इत्युक्त्वा स्वस्य विम्बस्य तेजोराशि समं ततः ।
समुत्पाद्य कृतं काश्यां रामानन्दस्ततोऽभवत् ॥
It is written in Bhavishya Purana III Pratisarga Khanda II Adhyay 32 that the Acharyas of all the four sampradayas appeared from Surya Vimb (here Surya does not mean Sun God but God of Even Surya according to Srimad Valmiki Ramayan.)
अतः कलौ भविष्यन्ति चत्वारः सम्प्रदायिनः ।
श्री माध्विरुद्रसनका वैष्णवाः क्षितिपावनाः ||
रामानन्दो हविष्याशी निम्बार्कश्च महेश्वरि ।।
Also said in padmapuran, foretelling of chatur sampradaye that jagadguru ramanandaacharya will incarnate in kaliyug.
Most importantly
**Further, according to the order of Lord Sriram himself, Acharyas emerged;
भविष्यंति कलौ घोरे जीवा हरिबहिर्मुखाः॥
रामाऽज्ञया हनूमान् वै मध्वाचार्यः प्रभाकरः॥
शंकरः शंकरः साक्षाद्वचासो नारायणः स्वयम्॥
शेषो रामानुजो रामो रामदत्तो भविष्यति॥
(इति सदाशिव संहिता)**
Meaning:~ In the great Kali Yuga, all living beings will turn away from God, then by the order of Shri Ramji, Hanumanji will definitely be the incarnation of Madhwacharyaji, Shankarji will be Shankaracharya in person and Vyasji himself will be Narayan. Sheshji (Lakshman ji) would be Sri Ramanujaswami and Śrī Rāma himself (Ramdatta) would be Śrī Ramānandacharya.
Also, in bhavishya khand of agastya samhita also foretells that bhagwan shri Ramchandra himself will incarnate as Jagadguru Ramanandacharya in kaliyug who will very learned in ved and vedangas.


Make an outlook rule for appointment invitations

Question: Is it possible to make an outlook rule that moves any calendar appointments I receive to a certain folder?
Answer: Yes, it is possible. I tested this myself in Outlook 2010.

Create a new rule for when a message arrives.
Under the Step 1 on the conditions page, select uses the form name form
Under Step 2 on the conditions page, click form name
Choose Application Forms rather than Personal Forms, and then choose the forms that apply.
Definitely select the Meeting Request form, and you also may wish to consider:

Accept Meeting Response
Appointment
Decline Meeting Response
Meeting Cancellation
Tentative Meeting Response

On the next page of the wizard, select move it to the specified folder, and in Step 2, choose the folder.
Finish the wizard
Comment: Perfect, exactly what I wanted.
Comment: I use this to forward Meeting Requests to a to-do list app (Todoist) so that I can keep track of everything in one place.
Comment: Is there a way to decline without sending a response?
Answer: For Outlook for web (and the new desktop Outlook), you need to add a "Type" condition for when an email has the type "Invitation".


How do you write, "People for others" in Latin?

Question: Can you tell me how to write/say, "People for Others" in Latin?
Comment: I'm not sure what your sentence is intended to mean. Can you edit your question to explain what exactly the phrase means, as well as a little bit of its context. Are you looking for a motto? A grammatical relationship? What kind of people? Like "the Roman people" or "people in general" or "persons"? The more information you give us, the more accurate the answers will be!
Answer: According to Wiktionary and Etymonline, the word "people" derives from the Latin word populus. So it seems fitting to use the word populus.
One translation would be:
<code>Populus pro aliis. (People for others.)
</code>
The word "populus" is a collective noun that means people. The word "aliis" is the ablative plural form of the adjective "alius, alia, alium".
The adjective "aliis" is used substantively in this context to mean "other people".


Disable dictionary service call in get starter JSS/react template

Question: I am using the Getting Started template, and I can see the dictionary call is initiated by default.
How to disable this call?
Answer: Below answer for react get starter template!
Disable it from the client-side template
We can disable the client-side template dictionary service call from the below file.

Go to this file => \src\index.js

Comment as like below!
/*
  App Rendering
*/
// initialize the dictionary, then render the app
// note: if not making a multlingual app, the dictionary init can be removed.
// i18ninit(initLanguage).then(() => {
// HTML element to place the app into
const rootElement = document.getElementById('root');

renderFunction(
  rootElement,
  <AppRoot
    path={window.location.pathname}
    Router={BrowserRouter}
    graphQLClient={graphQLClient}
    ssrState={__JSS_STATE__}
  />
);
// });

Now you can check refreshing the page, dictionary service calls will not initiate.
Disable it from the SSR(node-js-headless-proxy) template
If you are using server-side rendering(node-js-headless-proxy), Then you have to disable it from the SSR template as well.

Go to this file => \src\ssr-proxy\src\config.ts

Comment as like below & give an empty return statement like this.
Note: This will not affect your multilingual language calls. No need to worry.
return {};
    //Disabled the dictionary call
    // return dictionaryService.fetchDictionaryData(language).then((phrases) => {
    //   const viewBag = {
    //     dictionary: phrases,
    //   };

    //   return viewBag;
    // });

Now you can check the final hosted version of our website. Dictionary calls will be completely disabled. At the same time, you can consume layout services per language context!
Answer: Just try to locate DictionaryServiceFactory in your code. It is where your front end app will fetch dictionary.
Then it is being used in different modes like Normal mode plugin (search for NormalModePlugin).
Here you can disable dictionary service call to stop it from executing.
constructor() {
// comment below line
    this.dictionaryServices = new Map<string, DictionaryService>();
    this.layoutServices = new Map<string, LayoutService>();
  }

and
// comment below lines in exec method
const dictionaryService = this.getDictionaryService(props.site.name);
    props.dictionary = await dictionaryService.fetchDictionaryData(props.locale);

This will disable dictionary service call.
Note: This code is from NextJs app and not React. But I anticipate similar naming convention in React as well.


Injective Function on a Dense Set

Question: This is a topological question that came up tangentially to some material I was working on. Suppose $X$ and $Y$ are complete metric spaces and $D$ is a dense subset of $X$. Let $f:D\mapsto Y$ be a continuous injection. Extend $f$ to a function $g:X\mapsto Y$ by continuity. Must $g$ be injective? It seems to me that the answer should be yes, but I haven't been able to prove it.
Comment: You may state the question starting from g. Can it happen that a continuous non-injective $g:X\to Y$ between complete metric space restrict to an injective function on a dense subset $D$? Of course it can, another example is e.g $x\mapsto x^2$ on $X=Y=\mathbb{R}$, restricting on $D$:={positive rationals and negative irrationals}.
Answer: Map the open unit interval to a circle minus a point, and then extend it to the closed interval.
Answer: Joel has completely answered the question, but let me add another example, with a bigger failure of injectivity of $g$.  Let $D$ be the set of points in the plane of the form $(\frac1n,\sin n)$ for positive integers $n$.  Its closure consists of $D$ plus the segment $S=\{0\}\times[-1,1]$ on the $y$-axis.  The projection $(x,y)\mapsto x$ is one-to-one on $D$ but its continuous extension to the closure $D\cup S$, given by the same projection formula, is constant on $S$, i.e., on a bigger set than the set $D$ on which it's one-to-one.
There are analogous examples with the segment replaced by any complete, separable, metric space, for example, Hilbert space.  And the only reason for needing the word "metric" there is because it was in the question; otherwise, there would be a Stone-Čech compactification example here.
Comment: To answer your query, which I've now deleted, about getting the accent on Čech's name: on my computer (UK keyboard, Linux) it's done by typing AltGr-@ followed by C.
Comment: Another similar example to this would be to use a dense subset of the plane that contains at most one point from each column. (One can even make it countable by using only rational points.) Thus, the projection map of this set to the $x$-axis is injective, but extends by continuity to the full projection map of the plane to the $x$-axis.

Injective Function on a Dense Set


Circular saw drift

Question: This seems to happen on every cut I make, whatever material, width or depth of cut
Clamp down guide piece. No lateral movement.
Start cut flat and straight. The front of the baseplate stays tight to the guide, the rear drifts out maybe up to 1/4 inch, no matter how careful I am
Comment: Please clarify your specific problem or provide additional details to highlight exactly what you need. As it's currently written, it's hard to tell exactly what you're asking.
Comment: Not sure what else I could add, did you read the question?
Answer: Unplug the saw.
Drop the blade all the way down (deepest setting) and pull the guard back, exposing the blade.
Measure from the edge of the baseplate to the front of the blade, and from the edge of the baseplate to the back of the blade. Using a measuring tool with a square included (such as a combination square with a ruler as a blade) is probably the best way to get this measurement consistent. You may want to rotate the blade so that you measure to the same tooth on both ends, since tooth set will affect the measurement.
If those measurements are not the same, the saw is not lined up to the baseplate. Either the baseplate attachments can be loosened and corrected, or the baseplate can be filed to match the saw, depending on the saw design.
If those measurements are the same, it's probably worth trying a new blade, as your current blade may be damaged in a way that makes it not cut straight.
Comment: A bad saw blade can definitely do this. We bought a new table saw and no matter what we did, we could not get a straight cut. Finally, we replaced the blade that came with the saw and that fixed the problem.
Comment: Question refers to a circular saw (which generally means a portable hand-held, not a tablesaw) so the saw baseplate is the reference to the "fence" (a guide clamped to the work.)
Comment: Thanks for the reply about the baseplate, spot on

Circular saw drift


Who were the Horites (Genesis 36:20)?

Question: Seir is identified as a "Horite" at Genesis 36:20. Who, then, were the Horites?
Answer: Surprisingly little is said about the Horites in the Bible, with a mere seven verses using some variant on the demonym "Horite."
The first mention was at Gen 14:6, where they were said to be among the nations defeated by the Mesopotamian armies led by Chedorlaomer.
Interestingly, the Septuagint has "Horites" in place of "Hivites" at Gen 34:2 (i.e., the inhabitants of Shechem), but apparently the evidence of this being correct was passed over by redactors of the texts from which our Bibles are translated, as no English translation of the Hebrew has "Horite" there. Perhaps the reason is that there are no mentions of Horites elsewhere except in connection to Seir/Edom.
The ISBE has it that Egyptian inscriptions spoke of Khar, extending throughout southern Canaan and Seir.
That they were natives of "mount Seir," or the later land of Edom, is stated most explicitly at Deut 2:12, where Moses writes, "The Horims also dwelt in Seir beforetime; but the children of Esau succeeded them"; similar remarks are repeated at Deut 2:22.
The name "Hori" (חֹרִי or Chori) is mentioned at Gen 36:22 as a child of Lotan, son of Seir.  The presence of this name as a grandson of "Seir the Horite" his suggests that the Horites were named after an ancestor of the clan named "Hori."
In Hebrew, the same word, חרִי or chori, means "white" and "white bread"; so, as the ISBE says, perhaps it meant "white nation." Another tradition has it that the name originated from חוֹר or chor, meaning "hole" or "cave," presumably because the Horites were thought to be "cave-dwellers."
Answer: If you read both Hebrew and Akkadian, the Horites and Hurrians are obviously the same people.  Akkadian is a cuneiform syllabic language that represents the vowel sounds as only three.  It represents the long o and long u sound as the same symbols. Thus Hori (Horite) in Hebrew is written Huri (Hurrian) in Akkadian.  I will only give this one quote because in information on the Hurrians is massive.

HORIM (Hōʹ rĭm) (KJV) or HORITES (Hō rits) Pre-Edomite inhabitants of Mount Seir in the southern Transjordan. Hebrew word for Horites corresponds to the extrabiblical Hurrians, a non-Semitic people who migrated into the Fertile Crescent about 2000 B.C. The Hurrians created the Mitannian Empire in Mesopotamia about 1500 B.C. and later became an important element in the Canaanite population of Palestine. In locations where there is extrabiblical evidence for Hurrians, the Hebrew term Hivites appears (Gen. 34:2; Josh. 9:7; 11:3, 19) as a designation for certain elements of the Canaanite population. The Septuagint (Gr. translation of the OT), however, substitutes Horites for Hivites in Gen. 34:2 and Josh. 9:7. Also, Zibeon, son of Seir the Horite (Gen. 36:20), is identified as a Hivite in Gen. 36:2. For these reasons, many scholars equate both Horites and Hivites (the names are quite similar in Hebrew) with the extrabiblical Hurrians.

Nevertheless, the Hebrew text only mentions Horites in Mount Seir where there is no record of Hurrians. Therefore, another suggestion holds that the biblical Horites were not Hurrians but simply the original cave-dwelling (Hb. hor means "cave") population of Edom (Mount Seir). The Hivites, according to this theory, should be identified with the extrabiblical Hurrians. See Seir, Mount.
--
Browning, D. C., Jr. (2003). Horim or Horites. In C. Brand, C. Draper, A. England, S. Bond, E. R. Clendenen, & T. C. Butler (Eds.), Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary (p. 782). Holman Bible Publishers.
Comment: I've heard of this theory before. But is it based on anything other than the word/demonym? Based only that, I have sometimes wondered if the "Hurrians" were not related to the inhabitants of "Haran." It couldn't be both, could it? Or maybe it could. One thing I need to add to my answer is that several Horite names appear elsewhere including in Aramea...

Who were the Horites (Genesis 36:20)?


What do I do about a VERY MOLDY dishwasher air gap?

Question: Just moved to a new place a few months ago and there is TONS of mold in the dishwasher air gap. Ive never had one before so I never thought to look inside to see what it was. I recently went to the doctor for breathing problems and she asked if I was exposed to mold. How do I clean it? could this mold be harming my health and is it getting mold in my dishwasher when I run it? thanks for any advice!
Comment: If it's in the air gap I'd bet it's all along the hose and there may be other issues. Air gaps aren't that expensive. Don't bother cleaning. replace. Go for replacing drain hose too. If landlord won't do it you may be able to do it and subtract from your rent with his permission depending on the laws where you live. Might help to have doctor indicate you could have a problem with mold. It's possible the dishwasher backed up and there could be more mold elsewhere.
Answer: You can simply take it apart and clean it with bleach water.  Most are usually designed for regular maintenance, bits of garbage can get pumped through there and may build up.
If this is a rental, I would ask my maintenance personnel to handle the issue, you might put yourself at liability if you reassemble it wrong and cause water damage.
Furthermore, I cannot say it would be causing you health issues.  But if you have a healthy immune system, it is highly unlikely the small amount of mold in the kitchen is dangerous.  Unless you are breathing regularly over the air-gap.
Comment: The air gap is for just waste water and unlikely to contact your dishes if there is mold in the waste line, which is unlikely as well.  A few run would clear or kill any present.
Comment: Thank you for the info. I do not know how to take it apart so I would have to ask the landlord (who isn't helpful). it is actually a large amount- it is coming out up through the opening of the air gap so who knows how much is in the plumbing. Is the air gap directly connected to the dishwasher, could the mold be flowing through the dishwasher? I want to stop using our dishes if so. Thanks!


Where does the number 21000 come from for the base gas consumption in Ethereum?

Question: Can you break it down in terms of the cost of opcodes?
Comment: See also https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/a/61326/90652
Comment: Isnt 21000 the gas limit and not the base gas?
Answer: (I'm sure this has been asked before. If someone can find it, please duplicate.)
From Ethereum's Design Rationale document:

21000 gas is charged for any transaction as a "base fee". This covers
the cost of an elliptic curve operation to recover the sender address
from the signature as well as the disk and bandwidth space of storing
the transaction.

Edit Feb 2022:
To make my original answer a bit more detailed, and quoting a post by Vitalik:

The cost of processing a tx includes:

Two account writes (a balance-editing CALL normally costs 9000 gas)
A signature verification (compare: the ECDSA precompile costs 3000 gas)
The transaction data (~100 bytes, so 1600 gas, though originally it cost 6800)

Some more gas was tacked on to account for transaction-specific overhead, bringing the total to 21000.
Comment: This seems off since 21000 is surely the gas limit rather than a base fee and is only one of multiple factors in the equation to calculate gas. Apologies if Im misunderstanding things. Trying to develop my own understanding. The notion that it is a gas limit also seems odd since it seems to be fully consumed every time. Probably a lot of old systems nomenclature wrapped into things making it seem odd years later I guess
Answer: Any transaction has a 'base fee' of 21,000 gas in order to cover the cost of an elliptic curve operation that recovers the sender address from the signature, as well as the disk space of storing the transaction, according to the Ethereum White Paper. You can visit my blog to learn more about the concept of Ethereum Gas.


Are new macOS versions retained in the recovery partition?

Question: If a Mac is reinstalled by booting in to the recovery partition,
and the Mac came with El Capitan but was upgraded to Sierra via wifi,
what os will the Mac have after reinstalling via recover mode?
Answer: Found the answer to my own question:
The simple answer is, whenever you perform a major OS X upgrade, the Recovery HD partition is also upgraded to the same version of OS X. So, an upgrade from Lion to Mountain Lion will result in a Recovery HD linked to OS X Mountain Lion.
source: https://www.lifewire.com/identify-os-x-version-on-recovery-hd-partition-2259968
Answer: Josh, it is even better: as soon as you want to (re)install OS from the recovery partition: it installs the actual OS version including the latest update: for example you have 10.12.3 on your mac and you install OS from the recovery partition, it will install 10.12.6
Answer: Coming from a windows background, this was too good to be true.
I wanted to check it out myself.
So I thought the upgrades are retained in the recovery partition. So I went to a local coffee shop (with slow internet), wiped my disc, and began reinstalling. Indeed the the installer bootstrapper was the latest Sierra version.
But it took me more than four hours. Why did it take so long to re-install? Fortunately the installer let's you peek in to the "activity log", and I found that despite the claims in the other answers to this question, the installer does actually end up downloading a very large amount of data from apple servers. It calls them chunks and I watched as all 400+ of them downloaded one by one. Mind you, this happened a few days after the recover partition was supposedly given the latest updates.
Comment: This doesn't answer (the body of) your own question and shouldn't be marked as accepted answer! Your punch line is ambiguous though.


Weibull Distribution v/s Gamma Distribution

Question: What is the difference between the intuition behind Gamma and Weibull distributions? Is there any relationship between the two densities?
Answer: Both the gamma and Weibull distributions can be seen as generalisations of the exponential distribution. If we look at the exponential distribution as describing the waiting time of a Poisson process (the time we have to wait until an event happens, if that event is equally likely to occur in any time interval), then the $\Gamma(k, \theta)$ distribution describes the time we have to wait for $k$ independent events to occur.
On the other hand, the Weibull distribution effectively describes the time we have to wait for one event to occur, if that event becomes more or less likely with time. Here the $k$ parameter describes how quickly the probability ramps up (proportional to $t^{k-1}$).
We can see the difference in effect by looking at the pdfs of the two distributions. Ignoring all the normalising constants:
$$
f_{\Gamma}(x) \propto x^{k-1} \exp\left(-\frac{x}{\theta}\right)
\\
f_{W}(x) \propto x^{k-1} \exp\left(-\left(\frac{x}{\lambda}\right)^k\right)
$$
As you can see from this, the pdf for the Weibull distribution drops off much more quickly (for $k > 1$) or slowly (for $k < 1$) than the gamma distribution. In the case where $k = 1$, they both reduce to the exponential distribution.
Comment: This is very helpful! Naturally both distributions are often used for variables other than waiting time, so that the derivation and motivation may be very different. On a different note, Weibull and Poisson deserve their initial capitals because they are named after people, but many (I'd venture most) discussions of exponential and gamma don't use initial capitals.
Comment: Fixed the capitalisation - I was tired when I wrote the answer, and the OP had capitalised Gamma, so I ran with it. You are of course right that not every use of these distributions is a waiting time, but I think this provides the best intuition. If there's another good way of thinking about it, I'd love to hear it.
Comment: I don't have a better general story! Capitalisation (e.g. gamma/Gamma) is naturally a matter of convention when surnames are not involved.
Comment: What do you mean by "if that event becomes more or less likely with time"?
Comment: I see I upvoted this years ago.  Upon re-examining it today, I would like to suggest re-writing $f_W$ in the much more revealing form $$f_W(x)\ \propto\ \left(\frac{x}{\lambda}\right)^k\,\exp\left(-\left(\frac{x}{\lambda}\right)^k\right)\,\frac{\mathrm d(x/\lambda)^k}{(x/\lambda)^k},$$ thereby impressing upon the reader that the relationship is simply one of re-expressing $x^k$ as a variable $u.$


SRP Algorithm Design

Question: I am reading Uncle Bob's Agile PPP, Specifically i am reading the SRP part of it, while reading about the principle i got a doubt that is it not that SRP is increasing the coupling in our design with so many small-small classes inter-dependent on each other? I know the book says that it reduces coupling but i didn't understand how?
Answer: If a class has more than one responsibility then you are coupling those responsibilities together in the one class. By separating them out into their own classes the responsibilities are being decoupled and now each class only has one reason to change.

SRP Algorithm Design


Why does Kilgrave's power end when he dies?

Question: I've seen people discussing distance, etc., but if there's a time effect, why does it suddenly end when he's dead? That's not explained as far as I saw.
Comment: No, I didnt. We saw a guy stuck at a fence long after Kilgrave was gone, but he dies, and Trish et al are instantly free. What's up with that?
Comment: I agree, I think there's a clear discrepancy with the guy at the fence, and I think it's a mistake in the show, but I'd like to see an answer address it, if there is any explanation.
Answer: Kilgrave's power is dependent upon his continued shedding of viral matter absorbed by people in his vicinity. I suspect this is a media translation issue, incorrectly depicted by the production.
Like most Hollywood productions, when the villain or alien control system are destroyed, people are released from the control even if that flies in contradiction of the condition's previous parameters.

Kilgrave's powers were derived from his original power set shown in the Alias comic. In the comics, Kilgrave's power is a physical one (biological pheromones) linked to his vocal commands.
The Netflix televised version changed his powers linking it to viral shedding infused in the air around him, giving him control of the minds of people who heard his voice.

Thus the simplest explanation is upon his death, his viral shedding ceases and slowly people should lose their compulsion to obey him, depending on how long they were exposed to his power.

The longer their exposure, the longer it takes for them to return to their normal thinking process.
I also suspect, the closer you are to him, the more powerful his abilities are due to the proximity to an increased number of viral particles. Think of him having a cloud of particles around him extending to his maximum range.
If a space is closed, it could intensify the effect since the wind, air conditioning or other air movement might thin the concentration of particles.

Scientifically speaking, if a person has been exposed to his power right before his death, unless they were conscripted minutes before, they should be following his last instructions for a least a few minutes. Since we don't get to see much of the people after Kilgrave's death, we aren't sure how they were really affected once he died.
Comment: Thanks, Thaddeus. The whole debate at our house centered around the fact that Trish came back to herself so quickly. We were trying to square that with, for instance, the guy who was still staring at a fence hours after Kilgrave had left the area.


Ordering Wordpress Stylesheets?

Question: I have a wordpress theme with a stylesheet that needs to be loaded last, since plugin css are interfering with my theme. I was wondering if there was some type of function I could use to make the main stylesheet load last in my theme.
Comment: check the source of your page and see the current order, then adjust the place you are including your `css`
Answer: when you enqueue your stylesheets, use a higher priority, e.g.:
add_action( 'wp_enqueue_scripts', array(&$this, 'theme_styles'), 99 );

If some plugins have hooks on 'wp_print_styles', then you have to use it instead, as 'wp_print_styles' will be written after 'wp_enqueue_scripts', iirc.
And as you have complete control over your theme, you also could include your styles directly into header.php, if the hassle with the actions isn't worth time...
Answer: wp_print_styles works better. just add a priority to the call, for example 99.

function load_css() {
        wp_enqueue_style( 'homepage-css', get_stylesheet_directory_uri() . '/css/homepage-css.css', array(), 0.256, 'all');
}
add_action( 'wp_print_styles', 'load_css', 99 );
Answer: You can always use !important to override other rules, but I recommend to also be sure that the plugin stylesheets are being inserted properly using the following method. By adding the priority number you can render them at a later time.
Be sure your stylesheets are loading before all your scripts inside the  tag of your header.
You always need to load stylesheets before scripts and wordpress takes care of that if you use
wp_enqueue_style and wp_enqueue_script
For example in your functions.php you should use
add_action('wp_enqueue_scripts', function(){
    wp_enqueue_style('main-style','http://yoursite.com/styles/main.css');
}, 99);

Wordpress then will place main.css in your header and giving a 99 priority means it will add it later than the rest (by default the priority of this function it's 10)
Be sure you got wp_head() in your header file.
Regards
Answer: You could add '!important' to the end of the css you want to override other classes
example:
h1 {
color:red !important;
}

Comment: Well adding !important might not be a "good solution" but my opinion is that it's a better solution than being forced to load different css-files in a specific order.

Ordering Wordpress Stylesheets?


Canon EOS 550D video

Question: Hi Im using a Canon EOS 550D & for some reason when ever i try shoot video it stops recording a couple of seconds in. I'm using a Scandisk  Ultra SDHC 4 32GB card, i've tried formatting before hand but it still does the same thing.
please could you assist
Thanks
Comment: With a bit more searching you might have found the question [Why does my Canon DSLR stop recording video automatically?](http://photo.stackexchange.com/questions/20180/why-does-my-canon-dslr-stop-recording-video-automatically)
Comment: It's not the same camera, but it's almost certainly the same problem.
Answer: The reasons for an automatic stop are either reaching the 30 minute limit (thank you European Union video camera tax that ends up impacting what's available to most of the rest of the world), hitting the 4gb file limit (file system limit for the OS on the camera), the sensor is overheating (high usage + temperature) or the buffer is being used up (memory card is too slow).
Based on your description of the problem, the first two do not sound like the issue, however you could either be hitting an overheat or a buffering issue.  A class 4 card is a bit slow for recording HD video, but I'd still expect more than a few seconds, particularly for a SanDisk card which should actually be giving you speeds for a class 4 card.  (Some less reputable manufacturers routinely sell cards marked faster than they actually test in the real world.)
I'd first try getting a faster card and if that doesn't work, I'd make sure you are using the camera in a cool area and see if that gives a longer run time.  It's also possible there could be something wrong with the camera that is complicating things, but a slow memory card is most likely the problem.

Canon EOS 550D video


Improving PID gain constants

Question: I have started building and programming my own quadcopter. I used stm32 f103 and right now I'm testing PID controller. The issue is getting right gain constants. I have build a swing and attached quadcopter to test it in one Axis. My problem is that I cannot use Zeigler-Nichols algorithm because the swing don't have big angular space. Quadcopter can move only 86 degrees. Is there a possible way to calculate gain constants from tests where I have measured angle?
Answer: You can use angle measurement to find the proper gains. Check out this other SE, they have a few good algorithms for finding the gains by measuring the oscillations. Another option, though a bit more experimental, you could try what this paper proposes as "Probably the best simple PID tuning rules in the world"
My last thought is that you could try applying the improved Ziegler-Nichols rules (Page 7).
Answer: One way is to tune the PID controller in a simulated environment and then fine-tune the parameters on the real system starting with the one axis experiment and then the real flights.
This method requires an accurate model of your quadcopter especially for the mass and moments of inertia. You can then use a MATLAB/Simulink simulation for the simulated experiments and use Simulink PID auto-tuning for example.

Improving PID gain constants


Graphics card with animal with eyes on it is it haram

Question: I wanna get a graphics card for my gaming pc but it has an animal on it with eyes is it haram to buy it as if you were competing with Allah.
Comment: Why should it be haram? Assuming it is do you have an alternative free of such depictions? AFAIK once installed you'll not be able to see the picture.
Comment: It has a dragon on it so it would be fine?
Answer: Salaam,
In my opinion, it is not haram at all. As long as you are not committing shirk, worshipping the graphic, there is nothing wrong with it. Remember Allah (swt) made Islam easy for us to follow. This echos what Yusuf alQaradawi once said: "We need diversity in fatawa, a person may impose restriction on himself, but can any modern state afford to do without these?
Muslim Gap


VB.net Google Map retrieve data info from database

Question: I am using google map API to show the map and some marker. When a user clicks on the marker, it will show the location info. Those info I store inside database. How can retrieve the data when the marker has been clicked? Because the google map code is in javascript, how to link with vb behind code?
Answer: The way I have done this is to create the overlay KML file with all the information at the outset. The info gets displayed when the user click on the marker.
The way to do this is to create a KML file and put it on a public webserver, then in Google Maps put the URL for the KML file in the Google Maps search box, and it will render the entire map with the placemarks.
Comment: What you mean overlay KML file?


Why do military and tandem seat aircraft have the throttle on the left?

Question: Why do military and tandem seat planes have the throttle on the left? As seen in the photos below of an F18 Hornet and a P38 Lightning. Is there a reason for this layout?
Comment: It's got to be one way or the other.  Why would you not want right hand on primary control (stick / yoke ).
Comment: @quietflyer Most of us fly from the left seat and control the yoke with our left hand and radios, prop, throttle from with our right. I've flown from the right seat a few times and it feels unnatural.
Answer: I couldn't find any documentation, but the most logical answer is most people are right hand dominant, and prefer the primary airplane controls in that hand where the placement is optional, so stick right, throttle and other secondary controls left.
Why side by side seating didn't put the PIC in the right seat like most helicopters? That's a bit of a mystery.  Plane and Pilot magazine  says side by side a/c put the PIC in the left side because of the need to have a better view of the runway left hand traffic patterns.
Another one is oncoming aircraft are supposed to yield to the right, so it makes sense to sit on the left to better observe oncoming a/c.
If sitting on the centerline of the airplane where none of that matters however, most pilots are going to prefer the stick in the right hand with the stronger arm muscles.
Comment: "Why side by side seating didn't put the PIC in the right seat like most helicopters?" - maybe was inherited from cars, without anyone really thinking it through?
Comment: Potential ASE question: what were first (numerically significant) instances of side by side seating w/ dual controls, with shared throttle in middle, and was primary pilot on same side as driver sat in automobiles of that nation?
Comment: I think car conventions might be part of it.  Helicopters are interesting.  You really need to have the stick in the right hand whichever side you sit, so turbine Bells and some others fly from the right so you don't have to switch hands to work switches and radio.   Others  you fly from the left and you have to switch hands.
Answer: The reason may have to do with a desire for the pilot to maintain constant control of the aircraft with the right hand while allowing the left hand to perform cockpit tasks while not resting on the throttle.  This configuration is also adopted by helicopters with the pilots right hand controlling the cyclic and the left hand controlling the collective.  There is no reason that the reverse of that cannot be accomplished i.e. controlling the aircraft at all times using your left hand and performing cockpit tasks with your right.
Strangely enough, the tanker position lights on the bottom of aerial refueling tankers were originally set up your mind with the requirements of a captain sitting left seat.  The lights on the left side represent positioning up or down relative to the tanker, and the lights on the right side represent positioning forward or aft of the tanker.  This was done primarily because SAC bomber pilots operated large bombers with their left hand on the yoke and right hand on the throttles.  So it made sense that if you wanted the guy to climb relative to the tanker you would mark the low position light on the left side back to have a pilot instinctively pull back on the yoke to rise the aircraft to align with the tanker correctly, etc.  Experiences in Vietnam showed that the use of refueling tankers and tactical aircraft had been somewhat of an afterthought in cold war strategy.


How do I check continuity without having a multimeter to see which white wire is my hot?

Question: how do i check continuity without having a multimeter to find out which one of my white wires are hot and I need to hook my black and blue wires to ?
Comment: In  the USA  the white wires are neutral ( unless marked with black tape to indicate a hot line use )  and the black are  hot ( line power ) .  **More info is needed**.
Comment: This OP: [Why are there only 2 white wires in my ceiling outlet box for me to install ceiling fan and light?](https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/165311/why-are-there-only-2-white-wires-in-my-celling-outlet-box-for-me-to-install-cell) (because it's an unidentified switch leg)
Comment: you can use a small bulb, like an xmas light to check continuity, just be careful.
Answer: Go purchase the correct tools to do the jobs safely, rigging up some makeshift test device won't solve your problems and could end up injuring or killing you so please ignore those types of answers.
Get a basic multimeter from the hardware store please, read the instructions, and only work on confirmed dead wiring. It only takes 0.01A to kill someone and you're working with 15A-20A here.
Comment: I have a non contact tester like the yellow one above but when i go to test it it is telling me that all the wires are hot ... can this be true ??
Comment: If the switch is turned on, I would expect all but one to be hot.  @Zapped
Answer: As noted in another answer, "Checking continuity" and "finding out which wire is hot" are two very different things.. What you really need to do is "find the hot". Which is something you will often need to do for safety's sake - i.e., to make sure a circuit is really "off" before working on it.
Use a non-contact tester like:

There can be False Positives (induced voltage from nearby wires) and possibly False Negatives (though hopefully very rare with a quality tester - and you can double-check the tester every time you use it by holding it next to a known hot). But a non-contact tester is a safe way to check things out - e.g., check a wire to see if appears hot, turn off the breaker that you think controls it, check the wire again to make sure it no longer appears hot.
A good multimeter is very helpful for checking continuity and for a lot of other things. Which is why they are often sold bundled - e.g., a combination pack of tools like this:

You should make sure the tools are properly designed, insulated, etc. The easiest way to do that is to look for a UL listing. For example, personally I would avoid an item such as this one:

So many "red flags" on that item that I'd watch out for a herd of bulls...


Why does Dr. Strange have such a high collar?

Question: In the original comics and in the newly released photos of Benedict Cumberbatch from the movie version, Dr. Strange wears an outfit with an excessively high collar. Does this high collar have a purpose and, if so, what is it?
Comment: That collar, along with the red cape, is actually an artifact called The Cloak of Levitation. Besides, big collars always come back into style eventually.
Comment: Because high collars are cool
Comment: Good to see we're really getting to the key points of this movie, and even well before it's released.
Comment: Hey, it gets windy on the Astral Plane.
Comment: The purpose of high collars back in the day was to protect your neck from cold and wind, the purpose now is fashion.
Comment: Dandruff collector par excellence
Comment: @GorchestopherH: And actually, high collars were just how it was done. Collars being lowered was the radical change. :) One too many cases of someone turning their head and compressing their caratoid artery on a starched collar, I guess.
Comment: At least he only has [collar](http://www.maniacworld.com/four-popped-collars-cool.jpg)
Answer: The collar, along with the cape attached to it, is actually an arcane artifact - one that responds to the mind of its wearer - called The Cloak of Levitation. The high collar itself does not serve a purpose, but that is indeed how the cloak was originally designed when it first appeared in Strange Tales #127 (December 1963). Even before the cape's debut, Strange wore a tunic which also had a high collar:

Speculation: At the time, high or "popped" collars were seen as a symbol of rebellion and "coolness" in American society. Doctor Strange has always been somewhat of an outsider in the Marvel universe, so perhaps that is what the cloak's collar was meant to convey.
Update: As an added bonus, there is a reference to this in the film itself...

 At the moment where Strange decides to give up his old life and embrace his new role as a sorceror, he is staring into a mirror with the collar laying nearly flat. He pops the collar up in a "Let's do this" manner before proceeding to go kick magical butt.
Comment: Answered in the classic Marvel Fashion: Nuff Said!
Comment: Admit it, it's for the hightened effect of razor cheekbones.
Comment: As a bonus, collars used to always be popped, so an upturned collar also has a bonus of looking slightly archaic, as per depictions of Dracula.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upturned_collar#Origins
Comment: There is a German saying: ,,Ist der Kragen oben, wird man Dich loben." - Is the collar up you get praise or something like that.
Comment: Notably, when Benedict Cumberbatch plays Sherlock Holmes on the BBC, he wears his coat collar this way. I thought it was a call-out to that as well.
Comment: @docwebhead I assumed the Sherlock collar is popped for practical reasons, though. Namely, having a barrier to wind and rain for the sunny London clime ;)


How to know if your cat is pregnant?

Question: I wasn't home, so my cousin sent me some photos. When I saw the photos I was shocked and excited at the same time. My cat( female) was mating with another cat ( male of course).There are one-two weeks since that.I think my cat's eyes change when she is hungry. From a dot, it goes like a sharp line.And I think she is eating a little bit more. But she isn't getting fatter or anything.
Comment: Not every mating results in pregnancy. At some point hormone tests may answer the question, but you'd probably have to ask your vet about those. Other than that, it's a matter of waiting for a rapid weight gain in the belly to be obvious, or for her to start obviously looking for a suitable place to have the kittens (which vcan be hard to distinguish from a cat's normal explorations).
Answer: Of course the only way to know for sure is to take your kitty to the vet.
However, if your cousin saw the cats mating, there is a very high probability that she is pregnant.   This is because the cat species has a remarkable built in survival mechanism. Unlike humans and many other animals, the female cat does not ovulate until stimulated by the male cat.  This results in most matings becoming a pregnancy.
To directly answer your question, you will likely not see signs of her pregnancy until about 3 weeks after mating.  Here are some signs to look for at that time:

Symptoms of being in heat have stopped
Her nipples may become pinker and swell
She may vomit (similar to human's morning sickness)
She may want more attention from you
Of course, abdominal enlargement (but you likely won't see this until about the fifth week)
Toward the end of her pregnancy, she will show nesting traits.  She will try to find a quiet place to safely deliver her kittens.

Check out the following link to learn more:  http://cats.about.com/od/reproduction/a/pregnant_signs.htm
It's important that you don't let her outside while she is pregnant.   Otherwise, she will find a nesting area outside, and you may never find her again.  Her motherly instinct kicks in, and the safety of her kittens is all she is thinking about.
If she is pregnant, may I suggest spaying her after giving birth, as soon as your vet says you can.  Animal shelters are full of unwanted litters.
I hope this info helps, and I wish you and your kitty the best!
Comment: OK!  I will! She stays on the carpet or on the couch and it's warm and safe there! ( she's not actually my real cat, she stays in my house, actually yard) but thank you!
Comment: Of course, distinguishing when a cat is vomiting from morning sickness from vomiting due to hairballs, or illness, can be difficult.
Comment: @Sara  Awww!   Well, then, thanks for taking care of a stray!
Comment: #2 is the best way to tell (at least with cats that like their tummies rubbed)

How to know if your cat is pregnant?


After paying off your home, could you sell it to a confidant for $1, then buy it back for $1 in order to get lower property taxes in CA?

Question: In California, property taxes are based upon the price that you paid for your home. Would it be legal, or even feasible, that when you finally pay off your mortgage, that you sell your home to a confidant (sibling, good friend, relative) for like $1, and then turn around and buy it back from them for $1?..This would then allow you to pay a nominal property tax for those "golden years ".
Comment: How sure are you that your "friend" will complete the reversal of the sale?
Comment: You're not the 80,000th to think of this kind of schema; long, long ago tax law was amended to forbid them.
Comment: [Ob(nearly)XKCD](https://xkcd.com/1494/)
Comment: States such as California and NY are very good at catching tax fraud.
Answer: No. Only sales at fair market value in a bona fide arms' length sale can set the assessed price for property tax purposes.
Even were this not the case, there's a general rule that a maneuver whose sole purpose is to reduce taxes and has no legitimate economic purpose or impact is treated as if it did not happen.
Comment: I think this is a case called [The Step Transaction Doctrine](https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-wd/0826004.pdf)
Comment: What if you sell it for 50% assessed value? Could you get the town assessor to come out and re-assess the property?
Comment: Any below-market sale subjects you to gift-tax considerations. You can probably get the reassessment, but your sale price isn't necessarily going to affect it.
Comment: @MonkeyZeus presumably, if that's the best price you can get. But if it's not the best price you can get then they'll just say you cheated.
Answer: If you look at your county/city property records you may find cases where the sales record notes that the sale price isn't to be used for appraisal purposes. This is because it was done to add or remove somebody from the ownership due to marriage, divorce, or death. Usually the price in those cases it is noted as a value of $0.
The record can also show situations where the sale price is due to a forced sale because of a default on the mortgage.
The property tax office will be on the lookout for prices that turnout to be much below what other similar properties are selling for. In some jurisdictions this is to make sure that a non-arms-length transaction doesn't throw off the assessment values of other properties. In jurisdictions like California they are looking for an attempt to dodge taxes.
Selling to a family member would be easy to spot, as would a sale back to the original owner for a similarly low price. A more difficult to spot attempt could result in back taxes, fines or other penalties including jail time if it is discovered.
Answer: Estimating the value of homes is already a finely tuned science
As you probably know, there are home-buyer sites where you can input almost any address, and it will tell you the present value of that home, even though it hasn't been on the market in 20 years, based on sale prices of neighboring homes, features (bedrooms, bathrooms, square feet) etc.
So what happens when a sale price is highly deviant, such as a lowball price family-family?  That could pull down everyone else's property values, and we can't have that!   Nope, that sale price is simply deleted and not used as the basis for pricing norms.
A tax assessor will simply disregard any out-of-gamut sale prices
Remember, in most states, tax assessors don't care what you paid for the house. They are going to assess based on contemporary value, i.e. that same estimated/projected pricing in today's market.  In other words, the assessor tells you what your house is worth.  If you disagree, you can appeal.
Works the same for California tax assessors.  They can rely on estimated pricing to peg the value of your property.  They have the option to use the price you actually did pay, but will only do that if it's near (or larger in a rising market).

If the model says $450,000 and you paid $440,000, fine.
If you paid $500,000 in a seller's market, they'll abide by that too because hey, free $50,000.
But if you paid $100,000, forget it - assessment is $450,000.
If you paid $700,000 because you're the railroad and you'll later swap that site to CalTrans so they can move the road there, so you can fit your railroad where the road was... well, the assessor knew that you only overpaid to avoid the messy business of eminent domain, and the real value is $450,000.


Drywall/Brick Transition - how to paint?

Question: Along a section of wall I have (a) painted plastered brickwork on the right hand side and (b) painted drywall on the left hand side. The drywall flexes very slightly relative to the brick, so whenever I paint over the transition, it inevitably cracks sooner or later. Is there any simple solution to this please?
Comment: @SteveSh Apologies, I didn't explain very well. On the left: painted drywall. On the right - a plastered & painted brick wall. No bare bricks.
Comment: I don't see the brick.  Is it behind the drywall on part of the wall?
Answer: I think you'd have to support the drywall to make sure it does not flex. That would involve demolition, adding support that is evidently lacking now, and replacement; and may not be worth the effort.
Placing a molding over the crack to conceal it would be another approach.
Cutting it out to 1/4 inch wide and filling it with caulking as an expansion joint is a third option, but probably less appealing. You'd likely want to hide it, in which case you dont need to bother, you can hide the crack with molding, as mentioned just above.
Answer: You need to put fiberglass wallpaper on those walls. Here in The Netherlands it's called "renovation wallpaper" and it exists specifically for these cases where you have transitions in wall type.
My house is full of drywall-concrete and drywall-brick transitions (renovated old office building), and I covered those walls with a thin, smooth fiberglass wallpaper before painting. The wallpaper has enough flexibility to handle the transitions while not cracking the paint. I have no cracks.
You can get this stuff in various thickness and with or without patterns. In your case, go with a smooth variant of medium thickness. I would recommend not to use the super-thin variant, as it is a pain to put on. You need to make sure the seams of the wallpaper are not on the crack and you need to do the entire wall, at least to a point where you don't see the edge of the wallpaper anymore, e.g. a corner.
Answer: You need a flexible transition at that intersection of different materials or you will continue to see cracks due to different expansion characteristics of the different materials.
Use a flexible paintable caulk all along that seam, let it dry then paint it to match. This is a very common solution for this common problem.


DJI Zenmuse Z3 Pinout

Question: Can anyone explain this pinout diagram? I only know that D+/- AMBA & DM are USB D+/- and H&L are for the CAN bus. What are do the blue and red contacts mean?
Comment: Most likely just supply and ground
Blue being ground, V+ being red
Answer: As stolen from http://cosmostreamer.com/wired/howtomake, I would say it is safe to assume that it is indeed power+ and power-. The images are not directly from the zenmuse but from the Inspire adapter, which I think is perfectly compatible with the zenmuse 3 as taken from the site

Flying with the Zenmuse Z3 is as simple as attaching it to the DJI Inspire 1

DJI Zenmuse Z3 Pinout


Custom Checkout Validation - Two fields must have the same value

Question: I've created a module which adds an additional field to the checkout, called 'email-confirm'.
I want to check that the value in this field is equal to the first email entry, but I'm unsure how to do this.
Answer: The registration form is worth having a look over it uses the following:
data-validate="{required:true, equalTo:'#password'}"

So based on that, if you have a template you should add a specific validator for equalTo and the target which you wish to compare it to.
If your using it through xml to build your form similar to the checkout I expect that you can add it as an item eg:
<item name="validation" xsi:type="array">
    <item name="equalTo" xsi:type="string">#target</item>
</item>

The above I've not verified however but believe that way should work.
Comment: Thanks for you response, I've just tried this method and while it seems to be valid xml it doesn't seem to apply the validation. I've replaced the #target with #customer-email and but when I submit the form without filling this in - it succeeds rather than prevents you from submitting (as it should).
Comment: This didn't work due to another issue in my xml, works now - thanks.
Comment: I'm trying to get this to work using a overwrite on the password.html but i keep getting the error: 'msg.replace', any idea?


Java Transaction API (JTA) Overview Help

Question: Can someone give me a good explanation on the motivation and application of JTA in modern Java applications? I don't want overly technical details. But just a paragraph on why do we need JTA, what does JTA accomplish, and maybe a piece of pseudo code showing how JTA is being used?
Answer: Normally, an application performs transactional operations over information resources like Database, JMS etc. As these transactions are totally isolated from each other, it can happen that the application is able to commit one transaction on one resource, but on the other one it fails. It would lead to information inconsistency among these resources, as one got committed and the other not.
XA is an open standard to such a problem. And, JTA is the name given to XA in the J2EE world.
Hope that helps.
Nitin
Answer: Greatest book about JTA. Java Transaction Design Strategies By Mark Richards
You can find here a lot of basics about JTA, transactions, XA, Spring, EJB support. Good explanation about all aspects of programming and designing transactional application. Recommend.
Answer: JTA defines the semantics (specification + API) of the orchestration that allows for 3rd party enterprise information systems and your application to exchange information with integrity.
JTA Specification.  Introduction pretty much sums it up.
Answer: JTA allows you to write code or systems having multiple transactional resources: databases, message queues, your own custom resource, or resources accessed from multiple processes, perhaps on multiple hosts, as participants in a single transaction.
Answer: This has a fairly nice explanation of what JTA is:
http://www.roseindia.net/interviewquestions/j2ee-interview-questions-2.shtml
To learn more you can look at the link at the top of this page, the pdf version of the tutorial. As you search for JTA you will find code for JTA.
http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/doc/819-3669/bnciz?a=view
Answer: JTA allows us to write code which having multiple transaction with  resources, databases and resources accessed from multiple processes as participants in a single transaction.


Does the monotone pointwise limit of continuous functions has left and right limit everywhere?

Question: Let $\{f_n(x)\}_{n\geq 0}$ be a sequence of continuous functions such that $f_n(x) > f_{n + 1}(x)$ for all $n\geq 0$. Assume that $f_n(x)$ converges pointwise to a function $f(x)$. It is clear that $f$ is not necesarilly continuous, but, does it have right and left limit everywhere?
Answer: Here is an example of such a sequence defined on $[0,1]$, where the limit as $x \to 0$ does not exist. To simplify notation, and not calculate all the lines I will use explicitly, I will denote by $d_{(x_1,y_1,x_2,y_2)}(x)$ the equation for the line passing through $(x_1,y_1)$ and $(x_2,y_2)$.
Choose your favorite converging series with only positive terms. I will write it down as $S=\sum_{k=1}^\infty a_n$. Let $S_n=\sum_{k=1}^n a_n$ be the sequence of partial sums associated to this series.
For a given integer $n$, $f_n(x)$ will be $S_n$ if $x \in [0,\frac{1}{n+1}]$. If $x \in (\frac{1}{k+1},\frac{\frac{1}{k}+\frac{1}{k+1}}{2}]$ for some $k=1,2,...,n$, we let
$$f_n(x)=d_{(\frac{1}{k+1},0,\frac{\frac{1}{k}+\frac{1}{k+1}}{2},1)}(x)+S_n.$$
If $x \in (\frac{\frac{1}{k}+\frac{1}{k+1}}{2},\frac{1}{k}]$ for some $k=1,2,..,n$, we let
$$f_n(x)=d_{(\frac{\frac{1}{k}+\frac{1}{k+1}}{2},1,\frac{1}{k},0)}(x)+S_n.$$
This defines our function. I will let you verify that it respects all your criteria.
Denote by $f$ the pointwise limit of $f_n$. Notice that for all positive integers $j$, we have that $f(\frac{1}{j})=S$   and $f(\frac{\frac{1}{j}+\frac{1}{j+1}}{2})=1+S$. This gives us two sequences that tend to $0$ with $f$ having a different value for each of the sequences, and so the limit as $x$ goes to $0$ of $f$ does not exist!
If anything needs clarification, let me know! This was a fun problem to work on, thank you for posting the question.
Comment: Ah, I just noticed that I inverted the inequality you were using and instead supposed $f_n(x)<f_{n+1}(x)$. Simply consider $g_n=-f_n$ to have the desired inequality, and the rest works out the same.
Comment: Great counterexample! So it isn't true... I was hoping it was... pointwise convergence is so weak when it comes to inheriting properties :(
I'm glad you had a good time working on this... thanks for helping :)


Did Draupdi have five aatmas in her?

Question: Draupdi was married to 5 men , which was unusual . I have heard people saying that she had five souls in her.
Is it true ?
Comment: 5 atmas is absurd if you read the sankhya and Vedanta answers on the site. Draupadi and why/ how she has many husbands explained. https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/a/22826. Mahabharata has a story of her past life where she asked for a sarvagunopeta husband 5 times from Lord Shiva. That explains the number 5.
Answer: Harihi Om.
It's true as per Tattvavada. Dvaita Vedaanta has a concept known as 'aavesha', or the presence of multiple Aatmas in one body. Shripaada Madhvacharya used this concept to explain the reason why Draupadi had five husbands.
The Paandavas were amshas of certain devatas, from whom they were born.

Yudhishtira: an amsha of Yama
Bheema: an amsha of Mukhya Praana (as per the Garuda Puraana and Brahmaanda Puraana)
Arjuna: an amsha of Indra and Nara (an expansion of Shri Vishnu)
Nakula and Sahadeva: amshas of the two Ashvins

Importantly, the 'amshas' of devatas in this context, are as good as their own avataaras. As the devatas are omnipresent, only their amshas appear as human beings (the Paandavas).
Moreover, one may ask how Arjuna was an amsha of both Indra and Nara. This will be explained later in the answer, as it is similar to Draupadi's case.
Draupadi's identity, however, is contradicted by the Puraanas:

The Garuda Puraana says that Draupadi was an avataara of Bhaarati, the wife of Vaayu.
The Naarada and Vaayu Puraanas mention that she was an avataara of Shachi, Yami (Shyaamala, the wife of Yama) and Bhaarati, the wife of Vaayu.

So, this is the simple explanation: Draupadi's body did not belong to a single entity. It was shared by five souls: Shyaamala Devi, Bhaarati Devi, Shachi Devi and the Usha-Devis (the wives of the Ashvins).

She had the Avesha of Shachi, Shyaamala and the Usha-devis also. Since these Devis are under the refuge of Indra, Dharma and the Ashwini-devatas (respectively) they too are known as Sri.

-Mahaabhaarata Taatparya Nirnaya, Chapter 18, Shlokas 98–101
So, as per Tattvavada: Draupadi Devi was primarily the avataara of Bhaarati Devi and had the aaveshas of four other Devis, leading her to have five husbands. Aavesha is not a permanent effect, but occurs whenever required and the amshas of those devatas influence the person's body.
Hope this answers the question.
Shri Krshnaarpanamastu.

Did Draupdi have five aatmas in her?


How to set a value present in anchor tag to a hidden field upon clicking on the hyperlink text(i.e. value present in anchor tag)?

Question: I'm haiving following code:

      QUE38552

Now I want to set the value 38552(only question id and not the string QUE) to the following hidden field:
<input type="hidden" name="question_id" id="question_id" value=""/>

Also note that the page shouldn't be redirected to another location as I'm showing the pop-up dialog on the click of above hyperlink. The script to show the pop-up dialog is working fine, no issue with that. There are many such hyperlinks containing different question ids(like QUE38552) are present on the same page. I want to set the value of hidden field of only that question id on which user has clicked. This hidden field is present on the diaolg pop-up which I'm going to show. Can anyone plese help me in this regard? Thanks in advance.
Answer: Try,
$('.que_issue').click(function(e){
 e.preventDefault();
 $('#question_id').val($.trim($(this).text()).substring(3));
});

DEMO
Comment: Sorry the ** are not present. I've modified my question. Can you please modify your answer accordingly?
Answer: You can do:
$('.que_issue').click(function() {
    var number = $(this).text().match(/[0-9]+/g);
    $('#question_id').val(number);
});

Fiddle Demo


How do I share files on my mobile over WiFi?

Question: I have an Android phone. Can I share files on my smartphone with all devices on the home network? Which app will let me do this?
Comment: Are you willing to go through the internet "cloud", or do you want all communication to stay within the home network?
Comment: @zdan: I want it to stay within the network
Comment: Some phones come with a builtin app like samsung kies over air or allshare... What phone do you have?
Answer: File expert app can do this using both HTTP and FTP.
Answer: This app can share files over wifi by providing access through a browser WebSharing
Answer: Easy and simple way is just download application Wifi file Explorer which is free in android market. It enables you to connect to your phone via WiFi. The app gives you the local ip and port for your phone that you can type into your browser from your computer.
For example:
if ip is 10.0.0.1 and port is 8080, write down "10.0.0.1:8080" in your browser
Then you can view your files over your wireless! And with the paid version, you can download whole folders and send files to your phone :)
Answer: The easiest way in 2023 is to use Nearby Share  which all Android phones and tablets have.
Have you used the Nearby Share app on Windows?
I'm able to send a 1.2GB file from my phone to my PC at 60MB/s and I'm about thirty feet and four walls away.

Nearby Share uses the fastest possible connection it can establish with both devices. If it is not possible to establish a stable or secure proprietary Wi-Fi Direct connection, then it may fall back to using Bluetooth only. That will always be a magnitude slower.

Nearby Share uses Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy, WebRTC, UWB, and peer-to-peer Wi-Fi to allow users to share files and links between devices. It was first released on August 4, 2020


Which one can I use instead of the word ''proven''

Question: In 1980 virus was ''proven'' to be the reason of disease.
We can replace the word ''proven'' in this sentence with the word ''considered'' or ''shown''.
Comment: @Cardinal *identify* doesn't take infinitival complements -- we say "identified **as** the cause of the disease"
Comment: @Cardinal You find this occasionally in bureaucratic and scientific use, but it is rare and jarring: see [this Google Ngram](https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=identified+to+be%2Cidentified+as&year_start=1800&year_end=2000&corpus=15&smoothing=3&share=&direct_url=t1%3B%2Cidentified%20to%20be%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cidentified%20as%3B%2Cc0). Bureaucratic and scientific texts are not notable for clarity or idiomaticity.
Comment: I would suggest, to identify; (was identified to be)
Comment: @StoneyB Thanks stoney for the correction. You know I checked google books and thought it's correct. I learner something new. Thanks.
Answer: I believe that the word "confirm" is what you are looking for.
In 1980 virus was confirmed to be the reason of disease.
Neither "considered" nor "shown" has the same meaning with "proven", which means that something has been put into a test or has been verified.
Answer: "Proven" means that we are now certain that this is true. "Considered" means that we thought about it as one of many possibilities, or think that it is the most likely possibility. "Shown" means essentially the same thing as proven in this context but has weaker connotations. If you said that something is "shown" I'd understand that to mean a high probability, but not the certainty that "proven" implies.
Answer: Used in the context of your sentence, demonstrated is an exact synonym, meaning logically proven. In addition to the words Jay has given, other synonyms are confirmed and found. These also have a bit weaker connotation than demonstrated or proven, both of which mean a conclusion arrived at through a rigorous logical process.
However, demonstrated has similar but different meanings in other contexts. See this dictionary entry.