Does Archer go on any more missions after his speech?

Question: Does Archer actually go on any more missions after he makes that speech? Reed and Mayweather said that they would stay with him because they believed it wasn't his last voyage into space. Or did he retire?
Comment: I've edited out your second question because that would make this too broad, here we are a question and answer site not like a regular discussion forum and so one question per question please. If you still want to ask the second one you can ask a new question!
Comment: Which speech do you mean?
Answer: Archer is listed as Admiral on various different sites

Archer's fate is revealed in the episode "In a Mirror, Darkly Part II" when a computer information screen aboard the 23rd century Starfleet vessel USS Defiant is briefly visible. According to the computer profile, Archer was an Admiral and Chief of Staff at Starfleet Command at the time of his retirement. He later went on to serve as ambassador to Andoria from 2165 to 2175. From 2175 to 2183, Archer served as a member of the Federation Council, followed by eight years as Federation President (2184–2192). He was also an honorary member of the Andorian Imperial Guard.

That was from his wiki page done with a simple search.

Also From Memory Alpha page about Archer

No date was given for Archer's retirement from Starfleet.
  For the biographical display seen in "In a Mirror, Darkly, Part II", writer Mike Sussman wrote a final section of text that didn't end up being visible on screen, stating that a 132-133 years old Archer " … died at his home in upstate New York in the year 2245, exactly one day after attending the christening ceremony of the first Federation starship Enterprise, NCC-1701". Note that Sussman himself has said this information might not be canon.


What is this? Is it harmful?

Question: Anyone find out what this is? Looks like A Caterpillar with a home it made from surrounding items, this was found in VA in the moutians on our home.! It went back inside its home after attempting to touch it with my phone. It's the size of an adult female pinky.♀
Answer: That appears to be what is known as a bagworm:

According to the University of Maryland extension Home & Garden Information Center, they can cause significant damage to ornamental plants especially conifers.

What is this? Is it harmful?


Is My ASP.NET Session Too Big?

Question: In our .NET web app, we have a session object for each logged in user that is around 5-7 kilobytes. The session stores a Dictionary object that contains a couple of classes and the user's authentication token. Does this session size seem too big? I really don't know what a good size is or what good practices I should follow for sessions. Do any of you have ideas? Thanks
Answer: Only put in the session what is absolutely necessary to be in there. Otherwise, cache it or retrieve it from somewhere else using the ID's you store in the session. If it can go someplace else, chances are that's where it needs to go instead of inside your session object.
Comment: How can i find out how big my session object is?
Comment: I would be careful with caching also.  You can run into the same problems there that you would with session.
Answer: TheTXI and DevelopingChris have provided best practices, but here's the ultimate answer to your headline question: only you can tell if your session is too big.  If you're not encountering problems with memory usage on your web servers (or with traffic between webs and state server, if you're using an external state server), your session isn't storing too much; if you are, it is.
Best practices can certainly help you resolve problems when you are, and reduce the chances of them occurring, but if what you have isn't broken you'd probably be better off spending valuable development energy on parts of the code that will affect your users or your maintainability.
Answer: The general industry standard is to reduce it to as low as possible, cache the objects, and store the id's in session to go retrieve them on the next request.
In asp.net in general, there are problems with running a multiple box application and having to store session in the database, and then deserialize it into objects.
If you end up going this way, its more of a hit to have to hit the database for xml and then deserialize it than to hit the record itself.
Answer: It's going to depend on your scalability requirements.  5-7K * 1000 concurrent sessions = 57 MB.  Assuming you have a decent amount of RAM, you should be fine.  That said, you should be very careful about what is being stored in session and avoid storing what isn't absolutely necessary.
Answer: Not if you need it.  You should step through it and see what you can more to the Cache or leave in the database.

Is My ASP.NET Session Too Big?


Pytorch - TypeError: ToTensor() takes no arguments using torchvision.transform

Question: I'm trying to load in a dataset for super-resolution and I have set up two functions which use Compose to crop and resize the images.
The function I have created for the input images works correctly and they are outputting as expected. The transform function for the target images is basically identical, just omitting the resize part of it.
def input_trans(c_size, sF):
    return Compose([
        CenterCrop(c_size),
        Resize(c_size // sF),
        ToTensor(),
    ])

def goal_trans(c_size):
    return Compose([
        CenterCrop(c_size),
        ToTensor(),
    ])

These functions are used in my dataset class when the images are loaded. I originally had goal = input.Copy() but I have changed it so both input and goal load the image separately. (was testing if the .copy() was the issue
def __getitem__(self, idx):
    input = Image.open(self.image_filenames[idx]).convert('RGB')
    goal = Image.open(self.image_filenames[idx]).convert('RGB')
    if self.input_transform:
        input = self.input_transform(input)
    if self.goal_transform:
        print(goal)
        print(goal.size)
        goal = self.goal_transform(goal)

    return input, goal

The error I receive is the following:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "main.py", line 128, in <module>
    main()  # execute this only when run directly, not when imported!
  File "main.py", line 55, in main
    train_model(epoch)
  File "main.py", line 40, in train_model
    for data_item, batch in enumerate(training_data_loader):
  File "C:\Users\[NAME]\anaconda3\envs\pytorch\lib\site-packages\torch\utils\data\dataloader.py", line 345, in __next__
    data = self._next_data()
  File "C:\Users\[NAME]\anaconda3\envs\pytorch\lib\site-packages\torch\utils\data\dataloader.py", line 385, in _next_data
    data = self._dataset_fetcher.fetch(index)  # may raise StopIteration
  File "C:\Users\[NAME]\anaconda3\envs\pytorch\lib\site-packages\torch\utils\data\_utils\fetch.py", line 44, in fetch
    data = [self.dataset[idx] for idx in possibly_batched_index]
  File "C:\Users\[NAME]\anaconda3\envs\pytorch\lib\site-packages\torch\utils\data\_utils\fetch.py", line 44, in <listcomp>
    data = [self.dataset[idx] for idx in possibly_batched_index]
  File "main.py", line 118, in __getitem__
    goal = self.goal_transform(goal)
  File "C:\Users\[NAME]\anaconda3\envs\pytorch\lib\site-packages\torchvision\transforms\transforms.py", line 70, in __call__
    img = t(img)
TypeError: ToTensor() takes no arguments

Confuses me because it doesn't seem to have a problem with the first transformation (Ive checked and it does output before crashing).
I would appreciate any help you guys can give,
Thanks :)
Answer: Problem solved! nothing to do with torchvision.transforms.
I wasn't actually using the functions above, but inline declarations for compose which I had tried to use previously.
My bad


Forecasting hierarchical time series R package

Question: I have to forecast a large set of (hierarchical) time series and since the R package hts allows for confidence intervals for their ensemble, I'd like to use it. I haven't found an example of how to use it, yet. How should I forecast the following series with it: The time series have a simple form. The sum of $n_3$ level-$3$-series make up a level-$2$-series and the sum of $n_2$ level-$2$-series make up a level-$1$-series and the sum of $n_1$ level-$1$-series make up the top-most level-$0$-series (where sums are taken over series in one point in time, $n_j$ natural numbers for  $j=0,1,2,3$).
Comment: There are examples in the help files. Please take the time to read the documentation.
Comment: Well, the most difficult part when reading the paper [Optimal combination forecasts for hierarchical time series](http://robjhyndman.com/papers/hierarchical/) was picturing how to implement the relations of the time series. At the bottom of documentation p. 7 there's an example of how to create a hierarchical time series. While I do not understand the second parameter of 'gts(abc, rbind(c(1,1,2,2), c(1,2,1,2)))', the call 'hts(abc, c(1,1,2,2))' is straight forward. Sadly, calls to 'hts(., c(1,...,n))' not necessarily yield exactly 4 levels, so clarification on 'gts' would be nice.
Answer: Here is one example taken from the documentation in the package:
<code>abc <- ts(5 + matrix(sort(rnorm(200)), ncol = 4, nrow = 100))
x <- hts(abc, c(1,1,2,2))
y <- gts(abc, rbind(c(1,1,2,2), c(1,2,1,2)))
</code>
The first line generates a matrix of four time series, each of 100 observations.
The second line interprets the four time series as hierarchical, with the first two series in one group and the second two series in a second group:
<code>      Total
        |
    |-------|
    A       B
    |       |
  -----   -----
  |   |   |   |
  A1  A2  B1  B2
</code>
This gives seven series in all including the aggregations.
<code>> x
Hierarchical Time Series
   3 Levels
   Number of series at each level: 1 2 4
   Total number of series: 7
   Number of observations per series: 100
</code>
The third line of the example interprets the four series as grouped rather than hierarchical, with one grouping variable treating the first two series in one group and the remaining two series in the second group. The other grouping variable takes the first and third series in one group and the second and fourth in the other group. So in this interpretation, the four series can be grouped as in the hierarchy above, or as in the hierarchy below:
<code>      Total
        |
    |-------|
    X       Y
    |       |
  -----   -----
  |   |   |   |
  A1  B1  A2  B2
</code>
So there are nine series in all under this structure, due to the additional grouping variable.
<code>> y
Grouped Time Series
   4 Levels
   Number of groups at each level: 1 2 2 4
   Total number of series: 9
   Number of observations per series: 100
</code>
Comment: Thank you for the clarification, Rob. Thus, my example seems to be an hts. Playing around with hts yielded either 2 or 3 levels. While I could drop a level in-between in my example, I wonder if it is possible to have, say, 4 levels? Further, hts() calls gts(). 'gts' reveals its code and examining it shows that the necessary g can be hand-crafted `g <- rbind(c(1,1,1,1),c(1,2,2,2),c(1,2,2,3),c(1,2,3,4))` and then be used when calling 'hts'. Hm, I cannot find confidence intervals and accuracy.gts yields `Error in window.default(x, ...) : 'start' cannot be after 'end'`
Comment: Since forecast.hts() calls forecast package's forecast() with '$mean' I think one needs to tailor an appropriate copy of forecast.hts to retrieve confidence intervals.
Comment: hts prediction intervals are not yet available.
Comment: Thanks a lot Rob for the enlightenment, I was wondering if your bottom series had values rather than assigned the rnorm one, how would you go about constructing your multivariate series/ matrix containing the bottom level series. thanks
Comment: I still didn't get how come there are 9 series in the second example shared by Prof Rob. In the picture it is still 7


Temperature and Voltage variation affects on Metastability

Question: Are there any effects of temperature and voltage variations on Metastability of the flip-flop? If Yes, What are the effects?
Answer: Yes, of course. Changes in supply voltage and operating temperature will change the propagation delay of all logic gates. Changes in delay will lead to changes in the setup and hold time of the flip-flop, which will in turn change the probability of metastability. All other things being the same, we would expect metastability to become more probable at higher temperature and lower supply voltage.
Answer: Changing the VDD bypass capacitance, as temperature changes, will change the VDD bounce and VDD sag; with VDD strongly affecting the transconductance of CMOS devices/flipflops, you'll have a strong temperature effect.
Also the Boltzmann/Johnson/Nyquist/thermal/random noise floor POWER is a linear function of temperature, with the noise voltage being squareroot(power).
I've seen analog comparators, in low power switching regulators, provide an apparently-oscillatory-chaotic switching behavior, when in truth the effect was just thermal-noise causing the switch-point to vary as the very slow input ramp attempted to cross the (randomly) noisy threshold.
Was this metastability? there was no flipflop attempting to resolve to rail-rail logic levels using positive feedback. There was a high-gain comparator with low input overdrive, eventually having adequate overdrive to be fully driven to rail.


Upper trap Y raise

Question: Aren't prone and Y raises supposed to work the lower trapezius? whenever I do them my upper  and middle traps get an absurd pump, it feels like they are going to explode but nothing happens to the lower trap.
Answer: A lot of times it's because you're handling more weight than your lower traps can handle (i'm assuming you're doing this with weights or a band) or because you haven't learned to engage them properly with the right cues. So your upper traps come into play to help compensate. Try other exercises as well and get a feel for the lower traps firing. Developing those cues and going lighter (without weights if you have to). I personally found middle trap raises and partial dip shrugs on the assisted pull up machine really helpful in targeting my lower traps.
Comment: I agree with this. On a separate note, after herniating a disc in my neck, I had severe trap pain for 3-4 months. Think of the worst night's sleep with your head craned off the pillow for 8 hours and then multiply that by 10. It was awful. When I finally got past that and into physical therapy, it was discovered that my lower traps were essentially "turned off." I literally couldn't activate them and had to start with basic arm movements focusing on activating my lower traps. It was ridiculously difficult. Once the mind-muscle connection resurfaced, I progressed quickly.

Upper trap Y raise


Is there a way to render text in photoshop as vector - for retina mbp?

Question: I installed new photoshop, and working on iPhone and Android apps looks nice (for android at least on xhdpi and hdpi, mdpi and ldpi require zooming in) but when working on website layout i get frustrated to zoom in to 200% in order to see the page as it is online and see text all pixelated. Is there an way to render shapes and text as vector, to keep it sharp regardless of zoom level?
Answer: Unless you are intentionally rasterizing text, it is vector.
Your screen displays content in pixels though. Your monitor, or any monitor, can't display vector output. They must use pixels for output. Photoshop uses a pixel preview and remains true to pixels when zooming so as to allow editing on a per-pixel basis when zooming.
A monitor with a higher pixel density would improve the appearance when zoomed slightly. Beyond that, there's little you can do.
It maybe helpful for you to open two windows of your current document. This will allow you to view what you are working on at multiple zoom levels while you work. I often do this so I can edit pixels zoomed in and see the overal effect of edit from a more standard zoom level. Simply choose Window > Arrange > New Window for [document title].
Comment: Thanks for helping. This is what i have a problem with "Photoshop uses a pixel preview and remains true to pixels when zooming so as to allos editing on a per-pixel basis when zooming." - can this be changed? so that text and shapes are always rendered as vector (so they stay SHARP regardless of zoom level?
Comment: No it can't be changed.
Comment: thnx. Too bad... it would really help a lot when designing website layouts.


Nginx Reverse Proxy not redirecting?

Question: Update
I think it narrows down to this:
For some reason the host name matters to Nginx when it's trying to figure out whether to proxy the request.  If the host name is set to git.example.com the request does not seem to go through, but if it's set to 203.0.113.2 then it goes through.  Why does the host name matter?
Filed an issue with Nginx here
Original Question
When I type in the IP address of the reverse proxy directly into my browser bar, it does perform the redirect.
In this case I'll enter 203.0.113.2 and the redirect to 203.0.113.1 is performed.
When using a URL that is resolved via the /etc/hosts entry 203.0.113.2 git.example.com the "Welcome to Ngnix page" is shown instead of the page that would result from the redirect.
IIUC the browser will first resolve the IP address 203.0.113.2 per the URL entry git.example.com, and so both should result in the proxy configuration being invoked, but that is not what happens.
This is the configuration:
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name git.example.com;

    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP  $remote_addr; # pass on real client IP

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://203.0.113.1:3000;
    }
}

One interesting thing is that I can navigate to for example:
http://203.0.113.2/issues

If I then change 203.0.113.2 with git.example.com I get Nginxs "404 not found" page.
Answer: I spent a few hours yesterday fiddling with nginx and gogs configurations with no luck.
What did work was to set the A Record on the DNS configuration of the domain name for the git subdomain to point to the right IP address.
Comment: I I actually have this working when I run all the containers separately outside of docker-compose.  I'm going to try going back to the manual setup again and see if it still works or if nginx has changed something that now makes it not work.  I'll post all my steps in detail so that I can show if docker-compose is causing it.

Nginx Reverse Proxy not redirecting?


Windows 8 search with result context

Question: Is there a way to search for PDF and Word documents in Windows 8 so that the search results display not only the file name, but also some context of where the search terms occur? A sentence around the search terms would be great, or even some custom snippet size. If this is not possible using built-in Windows search, are there third-party applications, ideally free ones? Google Desktop used to do this, but it's no longer supported.
Comment: Most 3rd party search tools should do this. Have a look here for some suggestions: http://superuser.com/questions/135423/whats-a-good-alternative-to-windows-search-for-files-and-folders
Answer: A tool such as grepWin would give you the ability to search within the files, and will give you a short snippet of the area in which the search term appears in the file.
Another tool that can accomplish this is the similarly named Windows Grep.

Windows 8 search with result context


Differences between requires_new and nested propagation in Spring transactions

Question: I can't understand the behavior difference between the PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW and PROPAGATION_NESTED propagation policies. It seems to me that in both cases, the current process is rollbacked but not the whole transaction. Any clue?
Comment: See this link: http://forum.springsource.org/archive/index.php/t-16594.html -- Juergen Hoeller explain it very well
Comment: @Ralph unfortunately, your link no longer points to an existing page :(
Comment: So the main difference is that with a nested transaction policy, the transaction can be rollbacked to the beginning to the current atomic operation, which is the same as in a requires_new policy, but it will only be commited at the end of the whole process, which is completly different from the requires_new policy, where each atomic operation will be commited when it ends.
Comment: @Ralph: thank you, that's exactly what I was looking for. You should add it as an answer.
Comment: IMHO, This difference is clearer actually. But REQUIRED and NESTED ones which are behaved similar each other are confusing. They have some differences about ability like savePoints.
Answer: See this link: PROPAGATION_NESTED versus PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW? Juergen Hoeller explain it very well. -- the Spring Source Forum is completely offline since February 28, 2019, but you can read the relevant part of the article in the quote below

PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW starts a new, independent "inner" transaction
for the given scope. This transaction will be committed or rolled back
completely independent from the outer transaction, having its own
isolation scope, its own set of locks, etc. The outer transaction will
get suspended at the beginning of the inner one, and resumed once the
inner one has completed. ...
PROPAGATION_NESTED on the other hand starts a "nested" transaction,
which is a true subtransaction of the existing one. What will happen
is that a savepoint will be taken at the start of the nested
transaction. Íf the nested transaction fails, we will roll back to
that savepoint. The nested transaction is part of of the outer
transaction, so it will only be committed at the end of of the outer
transaction. ...
Comment: This Spring reference explains it in quite detail:
https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/spring-framework-reference/data-access.html#tx-propagation
Comment: Good answer and good question. Your comments and the following link were very useful for me: http://www.byteslounge.com/tutorials/spring-transaction-propagation-tutorial
Comment: is it the right behavior that you described in propagation_requires_new? cause as I checked it rollbacks both the transaction.
Comment: please clarify outer transaction behaviour if nested transaction fails(will it fails too ?) and vice versa
Comment: So with nested transaction, when the inner one rollbacks, the outer one continues at the save point whereas when the outer one rollbacks, all action are rolled back, right?
Comment: Any differences in behaviour?
Answer: PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW : uses a completely independent transaction for each affected transaction scope. In that case, the underlying physical transactions are different and hence can commit or roll back independently, with an outer transaction not affected by an inner transaction's rollback status.
PROPAGATION_NESTED : uses a single physical transaction with multiple savepoints that it can roll back to. Such partial rollbacks allow an inner transaction scope to trigger a rollback for its scope, with the outer transaction being able to continue the physical transaction despite some operations having been rolled back. This setting is typically mapped onto JDBC savepoints, so will only work with JDBC resource transactions.
check spring documentation
Comment: Yes, I understand the underlining difference, but I can't see how it will behave differently: In one case, I will rollback a to the previous savepoint, in the other, I will rollback the current transaction and not the outer one, but actually, in both cases I will rollback to the beginning of the current atomic operation and start again from that point.
Comment: @Traroth : The two lines on the link by @Ralph would tell the difference in behavior. `PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW` :The outer transaction will get suspended at the beginning of the inner one, and resumed once the inner one has completed. Each inner transaction committed/rolledback when it is completed. `PROPAGATION_NESTED` : The nested transaction is part of of the outer transaction, so it will only be committed at the end of of the outer transaction.
Comment: @Traroth : I agree with you. :) He has the best answer.
Comment: I agree, so I suggested him to make an answer out of his comment.
Answer: Please find the difference
1.) Use of NESTED Transaction

Execute within a nested transaction if a current transaction exists, behave like PROPAGATION_REQUIRED else.
Nested transaction is supporting by Spring
2.)Use of REQUIRED Transaction
Support a current transaction, create a new one if none exists.
. It means for banking domain like withdraw,deposit, update the transaction
3.) Use of REQUIRES_NEW Transaction
Create a new transaction, and suspend the current transaction if one exists.


Is there a name for a function that produces this graph?

Question: I am trying to find out if there is a name for the function that produces a graph like shown in the picture.
Comment: It depends exactly what you mean by _a graph like shown in the picture_. Is the graph piecewise-linear? Is it part of Cantor's _Devil's staircase_? Is it horizontal in the middle of the interval or just flat within the limits of pixelated visibility?
Comment: Updated answer — was missing some parentheses and led to wrong derivation of k — tweaked answer.
Answer: It's a pretty generic shape but depending on how wide the flat part is you can get something like that as follows:
Let's say we want to keep slope of middle part less than $0< \delta \ll 1$ over the interval $(a,b)$.
We see it has two generally equal rising sections. This suggests a function that has a positive, decreasing derivative in the first part and a positive increasing derivative in the second part. This means that any positive, symmetric, convex function will technically work. Assuming it's centered at 0 we have $(a,b) \to (-c,c), c>0$ (since we assume your graph is symmetric so we've shifted the interval to be centered at zero):
$$f'(x)=(kx)^{2n}, n \in \mathbb{N}, k> 0$$
Since $f' < \delta \; \forall x \in (-c,c)$ we can select $k=\frac{\delta^{\frac{1}{2n}}}{c}$ so this requirement is satisfied.
The parameter $n$ just determines how flat the flat part is
Answer: I doubt that the function that produces this graph has a name. However the function
$$f(x) = \begin{cases}
ax, \; 0 \leq x < x_0 \\
ax_0, \; x_0 \leq x < x_1 \\
e^{x-x_1} + ax_0 -1, \; x \geq x_1
\end{cases}$$
(where $a, x_0, x_1$ are positive constants) produces a graph resembling the one you posted.
Answer: I doubt it has a name. But the function
$$ f(x) = \begin{cases} \dfrac{3.6}bx & x\le b\\ 3.6+\dfrac{e^{c\left(x-d\right)}-e^{c\left(b-d\right)}}{a\left(e^{c\left(x-d\right)}+e^{c\left(E-d\right)}\right)} & x> b\end{cases}$$
for certain parameter values $a,b,c,d,E$ looks like this:

Here's a Desmos graph where you can tweak the parameters yourself.
If you didn't mean for the graph to taper off at the end, you can instead use
$$ g(x) = \begin{cases} \frac{3.6}bx & x\le b\\3.6+e^{c\left(x-d\right)}-e^{c\left(b-d\right)} & x> b\end{cases}$$
This function's graph (Desmos link) is as follows:


Replace Image option is blank?

Question: The image replacement button is blank after I've tried to replace the skin. When I tried to experiment by going into open new image, I've replaced it. I reversed it, but still can't find a solution after going on forums. Anyone know the solution or can back me up on this?
Answer: The image could be "packed" into the .blend, you must unpack to replace it.
You can do this by clicking the small icon shown below, then you should be able to replace it. Remember to "pack" it back if you need to stay in the .blend file!

Replace Image option is blank?


What's the upgrade path for ADFS 2.1 to 3.0 (Server 2012 to 2012 R2)

Question: I have several domain controllers running Windows Server 2012 with a domain and forest functional levels at Windows Server 2012.
Two of the DCs are running ADFS (2.1) in a farm for users in my organization to authenticate to Office 365.
I'm in the process of replacing my domain controllers with Windows Server 2012 R2; however, I haven't been able to find a "best practice" method of upgrading ADFS.  The only process I've seen posted online basically tears down ADFS and sets it back up from scratch, but I'd like to avoid that if possible to minimize down time for users.
Comment: If the answers you were provided help you with your question, you should select one as an accepted answer.
Answer: The migration guide suggests exporting the current config and importing it to a parallel install. You can then point users at it. Therefore, downtime is negligible. There is no tearing down involved.
Please see http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn486815.aspx
Comment: I am sorry but I don't understand your firewall question. Can we track that in a different question? Initial question of migration path is answered IMO.
Comment: Unfortunately the new ADFS behaves much differently from previous versions.  For instance, ADFS 2.0 and 2.1 used IIS; however, 3.0 uses some other service to publish the HTTPS site.  This creates an additional challenge when setting up publication rules for your firewall.  I would like to be able to accomplish this without the additional VMs for the web application proxy servers.  I'm trying to avoid VM sprawl.


Additional code only for certain lang on multi language site

Question: We have a client with a multi language site, where the client requests for certain set of functionalities only for certain languages. They want to try out some language sites before rolling out globally. We only have one deploy and blue print layers takes care of other language websites. Is there any option in Tridion, just to enable and disable certain functionality of the website in configurable way? Reason I am asking is to try and do with minimal code changes.
I am new to Tridion CMS, so anything not a proper understanding excuse with it.
Thanks,
Rams
Comment: Welcome to the Tridion Stack Exchange site, your question is very unclear to me, and that might be because you are new to Tridion, but I also think you seem to assume we know exactly how your implementation is done, which we don't. I suggest you **edit** your question and supply some more detail into what BluePrint you are using for example, and what exactly you need, so that you can get an appropriate answer. Think about explaining your question to us like you would need to explain it to a rubber ducky (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubber_duck_debugging).
Comment: Hi Rams, welcome! I agree with Bart. Some of the things we really need to know: is you site using DXA or DD4T or are you using another implementation technic?
Answer: We have used components from Tridion on the web app side to get some configuration to enable/disable features. We call them configuration components. The schema is very simple which allows capturing key-value information and it is a dynamic component so that you can publish it independently. The component's key-value pairs determine whether we turn on-off any features (without code deployment on the web app) for the end customer on the website. So, when we need a change, just change the value in the component and publish.
The web app calls this component on app start and periodically refresh it (any interval you desire) by making an odata call for the component and then cache it in memory. You can also implement an event based cache clearing mechanism (like on every publish) for the component which is going to be more complex, but for our scenario a periodic refresh was fine.


What is the correct general form of Hamilton's equation?

Question: Usually, Hamilton's equations of motion are given by:
$$ (1)\;\; \frac{dp}{dt} = -\frac{\partial H}{\partial q} \;\;\; \text{   and
  } \;\;\;(2)\;\; \frac{dq}{dt} =\frac{\partial H}{\partial p}.$$
Using Poisson's bracket one can generalize Hamilton's equation i.e. the time derivative of anything is given by the Poisson bracket of that thing with the Hamiltonian:
$$\frac{dF}{dt} = \{F,H\} $$
where $F$ is a function of $p$ and $q$, $H$ is the Hamiltonian, and Poisson bracket is defined as $$ \{A,B\} = \frac{\partial A}{\partial q}\frac{\partial B}{\partial p} - \frac{\partial A}{\partial p}\frac{\partial B}{\partial q}. $$ See page 108 of 'No-nonsense Classical Mechanics' by Jakob Schwichtenberg and page 172 of 'The Theoretical Minimum' by Susskind & Hrabovsky for details. However, in Wikipedia, they are saying that the most general form of the Hamilton's equation of motion is $$\frac{dF}{dt} = \{F,H\} + \frac{\partial F}{\partial t}.$$
From where is the extra $\frac{\partial F}{\partial t}$ coming from? Which one is correct?
Comment: In general $F=F(q,p,t)$. Then you can define a function $\mathcal F(t) := F(q(t),p(t),t)$. Calculating its derivative (and employing the equations of motion) yields your last equation. Long story short: Observables can, in principle, depend on time *explicitly* and not only through $q$ and $p$.
Comment: Okay. Just for clarification, does that mean in Susskind/Jakob's text, they assumed that F doesn't depend explicitly on time, right?
Comment: I don't know the context (i.e. I haven't read the specific parts of the books), but it seems very likely to me.
Answer: Most generally the observable $F$ depends not only on $q(t)$ and $p(t)$,
but also depends on $t$ explicitly, i.e.
$$F=F(q,p,t)$$
Differentiating this with respect to time $t$ you get
$$\begin{align}
\frac{dF}{dt}
&=\frac{\partial F}{\partial q}\frac{dq}{dt}
 +\frac{\partial F}{\partial p}\frac{dp}{dt}
 +\frac{\partial F}{\partial t} \\
&=\frac{\partial F}{\partial q}\frac{\partial H}{dp}
 -\frac{\partial F}{\partial p}\frac{\partial H}{dq}
 +\frac{\partial F}{\partial t} \\
&=\{F,H\}
 +\frac{\partial F}{\partial t}
\end{align}$$


MySQL to SQL Server transferring data

Question: I need to convert data that already exists in a MySQL database, to a SQL Server database.
The caveat here is that the old database was poorly designed, but the new one is in a proper 3N form.  Does any one have any tips on how to go about doing this?  I have SSMS 2005.

Can I use this to connect to the MySQL DB and create a DTS?  Or do I need to use SSIS?
Do I need to script out the MySQL DB and alter every statement to "insert" into the SQL Server DB?

Has anyone gone through this before?  Please HELP!!!
Answer: See this link. The idea is to add your MySQL database as a linked server in SQL Server via the MySQL ODBC driver. Then you can perform any operations you like on the MySQL database via SSMS, including copying data into SQL Server.
Congrats on moving up in the RDBMS world!
Comment: Some would disagree that MSSQL is a step up from MySQL. :D
Comment: Definitely the easiest way to go. Works for getting data into Access as well (assumes anyone ever would want to do that).
Comment: @Kenneth: I thought the same thing at first, but I think he means moving from bad design to normalization.
Comment: I know but I just couldn't resist.
Comment: The link shared in this answer is really helpfull. @David Lively
Answer: SSIS is designed to do this kind of thing. The first step is to map out manually where each piece of data will go in the new structure. So your old table had four fields, in your new structure fileds1 and 2 go to table a and field three and four go to table b, but you also need to have the autogenerated id from table a. Make notes as to where data types have changed and you may need to make adjustments or where you have required fileds where the data was not required before etc.
What I usually do is create staging tables. Put the data in the denormalized form in one staging table and then move to normalized staging tables and do the clean up there and add the new ids as soon as you have them to the staging tables. One thing you will need to do if you are moving from a denormalized database to a normalized one is that you will need to eliminate the duplicates from the parent tables before inserting them into the actual production tables.  You may also need to do dataclean up as there may be required fileds in the new structure that were not required in the old or data converstion issues becasue of moving to better datatypes (for instance if you stored dates in the old database in varchar fields but properly move to datetime in the new db, you may have some records which don't have valid dates.
ANother issue you need to think about is how you will convert from the old record ids to the new ones.
This is not a an easy task, but it is doable if you take your time and work methodically. Now is not the time to try shortcuts.
Comment: "SSIS is designed to do this kind of thing." - Exactly.  :)
Answer: What you need is an ETL (extract, transform, load) tool.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extract,_transform,_load#Tools
Answer: I don't really know how far an 'ETL' tool will get you depending on the original and new database designs. In my career I've had to do more than a few data migrations and we usually always had to design a special utility which would update a fresh database with records from the old database, and yes we coded it complete with all the update/insert statements that would transform data.
I don't know how many tables your database has, but if they are not too many then you could consider going the grunt root. That's one technique that's guaranteed to work after all.
Answer: I have done this going the other direction and SSIS works fine, although I might have needed to use a script task to deal with slight data type weirdness.  SSIS does ETL.
Answer: If you go to your database in SSMS and right-click, under tasks should be an option for "Import Data". You can try to use that. It's basically just a wizard that creates an SSIS package for you, which it can then either run for you automatically or which you can save and then alter as needed.
The big issue is how you need to transform the data. This goes into a lot of specifics which you don't include (and which are probably too numerous for you to include here anyway).
I'm certain that SSIS can handle whatever transformations you need to do to change it from the old format to the new. An alternative though would be to just import the tables into MS SQL as-is into staging tables, then use SQL code to transform the data into the 3NF tables. It's all a matter of what your most comfortable with. If you go the second route, then the import process that I mentioned above in SSMS could be used. It will even create the destination tables for you. Just be sure that you give them unique names, maybe prefixing them with "STG_" or something.
Davud mentioned linked servers. That's definitely another way that you can go (and got my upvote). Personally, I prefer to copy the tables over into MS SQL first since linked servers can sometimes have weirdness, especially when it comes to data types not mapping between different providers. Having the tables all in MS SQL will also probably be a bit faster and saves time if you have to rerun or correct portions of the data. As I said though, the linked server method would probably be fine too.

MySQL to SQL Server transferring data


Array instance offset variance

Question: I have a 3D stack of tiles that is actually 1 tile with an array modifier creating the instances offset to form a pile.

Is there a way to make each instance have it's own random variance in the X and Y axis and in Z rotation so that it is a realistically more chaotic imperfect stack, without me having to "apply" the modifier and manually nudge each tile around?
This would be great so that I could adjust the "Count" and each new tile would automatically be randomly slightly different placement than the one below it.
Here is the desired look:
Answer: I don't know how to do that and keep it in an array modifier, but here's a workaround: Drop the array and duplicate the tile in the Z direction. Select the tiles you want to randomize, then go to Object > Transform > Randomize Transform. The controls will appear in the toolshelf T.
Also:
There was some activity toward improving the existing array modifier in this way a few years ago, but it never got to the trunk.
Here's the story on Blender Nation: http://www.blendernation.com/2012/01/05/advanced-array-modifier/
And here is a build for it on GraphicAll: http://graphicall.org/537
You could model with that, apply the modifier, then continue working in your preferred version.

Array instance offset variance


Can I make iCloud Preferences forget an old AppleID (mac OS SIerra)?

Question: I successfully logged out of iCloud on mac OS Sierra, but now every time I go to iCloud in Preferences, it shows the old AppleID. Is there any way to get iCloud to completely forget the AppleID and behave as if I had never logged in before?
Comment: To be clear: all you want is your old Apple ID not being pre-filled in System Preferences > iCloud, from which you've signed out?
Comment: Yes, @Redarm, that is exactly what I am looking for, and your solution worked for me!
Answer: A quick check shows that quitting System Preferences and deleting the folder...
~/Library/Accounts/
...followed by subsequent log out and log in, gets rid of the pre-filled Apple ID.
After that a new sign-in request from iMessage/FaceTime appears.
Other than that there seems to be an abundance of account types listed in the database within the "Accounts" folder, so logging into those might be required again.
To see a list of account types held in the database, run this command in Terminal (to be found in /Applications/Utilities, or via Spotlight):
echo 'SELECT ZACCOUNTTYPEDESCRIPTION FROM ZACCOUNTTYPE;' | sqlite3 ~/Library/Accounts/Accounts4.sqlite

...and press enter
This has not been tested for any long term side effects.
Comment: Deleting the `~/Library/Accounts/` folder did the trick. This was for a utility-drive where I did not want any personal accounts linked, so this worked fine for me.
I confess I did not try the shell (Terminal) code, so I don't know if it would have worked, or what else was in there. Thank You!
Comment: After logging back in, that folder is re-generated, which is not surprising and is presumably a "factory fresh" (i.e., empty) version of the sqlite database. The code you provided returns a fairly long list of account types even in this default library, so it does at least give an indication of what accounts you will have to log into again if you delete the `Accounts` folder.  Thanks again.


Bubbles formed in standing water in glass

Question: I kept a cold standing water in a glass for a while to warm it up. After a while I returned to see that small minute bubbles have formed in the glass. On closer inspection, the bubbles seem to not float to surface like fizzy drink but they have sticked to surface (mostly at bottom) while some but lesser bubbles have sticked to vertical surface of glass. I haven't seen or paid attention to this phenomenon, and also water is drinking water so it shouldn't be contaminated. I can't think of any physical phenomenon for this? So can anyone try to figure the root cause for this?
Answer: It is more like bubbles coming out of fizzy water than boiling. Water often has air dissolved in it. If you let it sit, it can come out of solution.
This happens at the surface, where the water contacts another material. You would not notice it if molecules of air enter the air above the water.
Bubbles tend to start on minute imperfections or foreign substances on glass. A microscopic crack will do. Once started, air tends to join an existing bubble rather than start a new one.
Bubbles on the side can slide sideways and rise to the surface. A bubble on the bottom would have to let go. They tend to stick to the glass, so sliding is easier.
Comment: So you are saying that imperfections in glass can cause tiny bubbles to form? Yeah my glass is definitely 3 years old. Also is this bubbling caused by decreased solubility of gases at higher temperatures (Henry's law)? Also what role is played by minute imperfections?
Comment: Here is an old question that speaks to this - [Why does soda fizz when it meets ice?](https://physics.stackexchange.com/q/105256/37364)
Answer: Air in pits and crevices in the glass walls act as nucleation sites for the exsolvation of air in water.  Air is less soluble in warm water than cold, so as the water warms up it becomes supersaturated with air, and it comes out of solution at the pit locations.
If you shoot a beer commercial in which beer is poured into a tall, sparkling new glass, you want the beer to produce bubbles. If the glass is new, it will have few pits and crevices in its surface and so few bubbles will form. To remedy this, you can put some big ball bearings in the (empty) glass and shake them around a bit, then remove the bearings and pour in the beer. You'll have lots of bubbles for the camera now. Yum!


What romaji system should be used?

Question: Since there are multiple romaji systems in common use, would it be best to standardize on one, and edit questions/answers to conform to it when the romaji system itself is not the point of the question?
Answer: I don't think we should have a standard romaji system.  Most of them are mutually understandable, and enforcing such a rule would be a huge amount of work with little practical benefit.
That said, I do like Mark Hosang's idea of trying to use the same system as the original poster.
Answer: Hepburn seems to be the official standard used at Japanese gov. offices.
Comment: ah sorry.  Personally I don't think we should aggressively standardize it.  Mainly because most people who know Japanese are going to be able to read all the variations anyways.

However, it may be a good point to standardize the romaji in Answers to conform to the OPs standard such that OP doesn't get confused.  Though i can see this being a nightmare to enforce.
Comment: It's perhaps a government standard, but in practice I see Japanese people using something closer to nihon-siki (sometimes even to the extent of typing out ッ as xtu), perhaps due to being used to only having to type in ro-mazi when using an IME, and nihon-siki being perhaps the only "standard" romanization system that is completely unambiguous. Personally I'd prefer to see no ro-mazi at all, but if it has to be used, I'd rather see ro-mazi that has a 1:1 mapping to kana.
Comment: Yes, but should we aggressively standardize non-hepburn romaji?
Comment: @Matti yep wikipedia seems to agree with you, besides learning the nihon-siki has the advantage of being able to use the ten-key system more easily. although i prefer the hepburn
Answer: Most people use Hepburn (I like something phonemic like Yale, better, but whatever). I think calling Hepburn standard but not enforcing is a good idea because of search issues. Maybe this should be a separate question, but what will happen when people start to search the site? If they search "八", will they find the questions that used はち, hachi and hati? That could be a serious issue.
Comment: why don't you repost that question over in Meta?

What romaji system should be used?


What caused the man from District 12 to target Lucy Gray?

Question: In The Hunger Games: The Ballad of Songbirds and Snakes (2023), what disease did the man from District 12 suffer from, and why did he attempt to kill Lucy Gray Baird?
Answer: Jessup is suffering from a mutant strain of rabies and has entered the 'furious' stage, in which victims are liable to become irrationally angry and aggressive.

As the camera moved in on Jessup, it became apparent that he was ill, not hurt. Stiff-limbed and feverish with excitement, he swiped at the sun a few times before crouching down and springing almost immediately back to his feet for his first close-up.
Coriolanus wondered if Lucy Gray had found a way to poison him, but that didn't make sense. Jessup was too valuable as a protector, especially with the pack that had formed last night running around. What, then, ailed him?
Any number of things could've sickened him, any range of maladies been suspected, if it hadn't been for the telltale foam that began to bubble over his lips.
"He's rabid," Lysistrata said softly.
Rabies had made a comeback in the Capitol during the war. With doctors needed in the field, and facilities and supply lines compromised by the bombings, medical treatment had become sketchy for humans, like Coriolanus's mother, and almost nonexistent for the pampered Capitol pets. Vaccinating your cat wasn't on the list of priorities when you couldn't scrape up enough money for bread. How it began remained a matter of debate — an infected coyote from the mountains? A nocturnal encounter with a bat? — but the dogs spread it. Most of them were starving, abandoned casualties of the war themselves. From dog to dog, and then to people. The virulent strain developed with unprecedented speed, killing over a dozen Capitol citizens before a vaccination program brought it under control.
The Ballad of Songbirds and Snakes
Comment: For the record, I've assumed it's a *mutated* rabies because the pathology is very atypical, [much faster than current strains of rabies, for starters](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8618/#:~:text=Pathogenesis,nervous%20system%20invasion%20and%20replication.)
Comment: Downvoter, why hast thou forsaken me?


What's the complexity of my answer?

Question: I've never studied any computer science. So I've always passed over restricted-complexity questions, since I had no way of knowing the complexity of my code. Today, I decided to try and see whether I could change that. I read the tag description (as available on mobile, which I think is only the shorter part of it), which gave no info on how to find complexity, so Googled and found https://stackoverflow.com/q/9958299, which says there is no general way to find complexity. So how do I know the complexity of my code for a restricted-complexity question?
Comment: Clarification: It's impossible to *algorithmically* find the complexity of an arbitrary piece of code. It's still definitely possible by hand.
Comment: About "but don't you use an algorithm when you check it by hand": Think about it like solving a math problem. There are no general algorithm that can solve all math problems, and some problems are unsolvable. (and there are automatic provers that can solve some problems)
Comment: Note that, in questionable cases, we require the answer poster to prove that their answer is valid, not vice versa.
Comment: @DJMcMayhem, what I wrote in the question is what I (perhaps wrongly) understood from SO, viz that there's no *general* method, i.e. one that works on every script. Are you saying something stronger, that there's no algorithm at all? But don't you use an algorithm when you check it by hand?
Comment: You have to study computer science and prove that your algorithm has the claimed complexity, of course. If you get it wrong, don't worry, we can help point out your mistakes.
Comment: [Related.](/q/16657)
Answer: Ask in chat
Your best bet is to ask someone else. Learning to evaluate the asymptotic complexity of a program is a pretty standard subject in most college CS educations, so there will probably be a number of people in chat who can either walk you through evaluating the complexity or do it for you, although the latter may be more difficult if you're using an esoteric language.
For most small (<100 lines in a conventional language) programs, it's pretty easy to evaluate the complexity with some practice, so someone can often walk you through it.

As an aside, evaluating complexity automatically is an ongoing research question in the programming languages world. I know some people who are working on it at my university. The best efforts cover a fair number of cases, but aren't all that general, and require you to write your program in their language. For the time being, human evaluation is typically the most effective.
Comment: Thanks. This works if people are willing to help me — _a lot_. I mean, it would (at first) take the form of "What's this script's complexity?" (An answer.) "Okay, so what's this one's?" … Quite a bit of time and effort expended by the helpers.
Comment: @msh210 I'm thinking you might want to ask "How do I figure out this script's complexity", and then someone might walk you through the answer, so you can figure it out yourself if you make a small change

What's the complexity of my answer?


What is the meaning of Quatschkopp or Quatschkopf

Question: I'm not sure how it is pronounced correctly but what is the meaning of Quatschkopp or Quatschkopf?
Is it something nice to say?
Comment: Relevant to the pp/pf question: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speyer_line
Answer: It's a mild derogative to say about or to someone who says wrong or unpopular things and stuff you don't like personally.
The "roughness" of it depends on the context. You can say that to your friend if she tells you some unbelievable story, or if you want to refuse a compliment in a playful way, and that friend probably won't take much offense.
But if you say that publicly to your rival in parliament after his big talking point, that might make its way into national newspapers.
So on average, it's not a nice thing to say, but it's not a swearword in the traditional sense.
The Kopp variant is a dialect version of the Kopf variant, as has been mentioned already.
Pronounciation of the standard variant would be ['kvaʧ,kɔpf]. Take a look at wiktionary for pronounciation questions. It carries IPA transcriptions for lots of words.
Answer: In before: Quatschkopf is the dialect-free pronunciation of the word. It describes someone talking either too much or just false stuff. Some may also say it describes a person who acts unreasonable in general. Even though the description may not sound like it the word is not what I would call a swearword.


Submit form to 3rd party site, receive response to update original form

Question: What I want to do
We have a simple form that people fill out to attach documents for review.  We want to monetize it, using a specific vendor we currently use for non Drupal sites.
What we want to add is when someone saves their form, go to a confirm page, stating the price, then submit this to the 3rd party site.  They process the payment and post a response back to our site, which we then modify the node to update the status to paid.  We currently do this using Google app scripts on many other sites.  We want to keep this site in Drupal for other reasons.
I'm very new to drupal, and am having some trouble with how to submit the form, and especially how to receive the post from the 3rd party vendor.  I feel this isn't a crazy way to do this, but the lack of modules that
We've looked at Drupal Commerce and Ubercart, etc, but they seem pretty large for our needs.
Answer: There are a variety of ways you can do this using the 3rd party API and the hooks provided by Webform such as
http://www.drupalcontrib.org/api/drupal/contributions%21webform%21webform.api.php/function/hook_webform_submission_presave/7


What are these? These are / they are penguins

Question: So, imagine that someone points at some penguins that are close to us and asks me : "What are these?". Should I answer with a "These are penguins" Or "They are penguins". I feel like I should say "They are penguins". But now imagin that that person is pointing at some computers, in that case I feel like I should say "These are computers" instead of "They are computers" because computers are objects and penguins are living creatures. Am I right on making that assumption? And I guess I have the same question with questions using "those".
Answer: The simplest response is to use the same word the person who asked the question used.
If they asked: "What are these?" you could answer: "These are penguins."
But you would be fine answering: "They are penguins."
You could even just answer:  "Penguins."
Answer: The distinction is not based on whether you are talking about living beings or not.
See more about that here.
In most instances it would be interchangeable to say "these are penguins" or "they are penguins." These/those are demonstrative pronouns that usually only have meaning relative to an observable position. Typically "these here" and "those there." They are often used to distinguish between two sets different things being discussed. More on that here
If someone initially refers to a thing as "this" or several things as "these" then usually responses would be framed in the same language. If you wanted to tell the person that they are not penguins, but there are other penguins somewhere else nearby, you would say, "These are not penguins, but those are." Then you would physically indicate the other group.


Keeping Network Running When Closing Lid on MacBook Pro

Question: How can I do this? I'm using Caffeine, but that does nothing about the network (WiFi, internet) from shutting off completely when my lid closes.
Answer: InsomniaX can prevent your computer from sleeping with the lid closed, is that what you want? Or are you looking for a method to sleep the computer and keep the network connected?
Comment: I've tried this. InsomniaX is unusable on my Mac and makes it run slowly. Also, it does the same thing as Caffeine. It prevents the computer from sleeping, but still let's the networking turn off. I want to be able to close my lid, run to another location, then open my lid and still see messages from IRC that I might have missed. I want to remain connected to the internet while I close my lid, at least for the first few minutes of closing my lid.
Answer: It's not ideal, but here's a solution. To prevent the laptop from sleeping when the lid is closed and you're running on battery, run the following commands:
sudo pmset -b sleep 0; sudo pmset -b disablesleep 1

To re-enable laptop sleeping when the lid is closed and you're running on battery, run the following commands:
sudo pmset -b sleep 5; sudo pmset -b disablesleep 0

The "5" in the second set of commands represents the number of minutes before sleeping when on battery; adjust as desired for your laptop.
This is a bit dangerous, since if you forget to re-enable your settings, the laptop will never sleep when on battery. Because of this, I've written a shell script to automatically re-enable the settings:
#!/bin/bash
#***************************************************************************
#*** noz - prevent laptop from sleeping when lid is closed
#***************************************************************************

#***** set some defaults *****
BATTERY_SLEEP=5 # in minutes
DEF_WAKE_LEN=300 # in seconds

#***** determine timeout value *****
timeout_len=${1:-$DEF_WAKE_LEN}

function prevent_sleep() {
    echo
    echo -n "Preventing sleep for $timeout_len seconds; press <enter> to continue..."

    sudo pmset -b disablesleep 1
    sudo pmset -b sleep 0
}

function enable_sleep() {
    # $1: <enter> = 0, timeout = 1, Ctrl-C = undef

    #----- insert a newline for timeout or Ctrl-C -----
    if [[ ${1:-1} -eq 1 ]]; then    echo; fi
    echo "Restoring previous battery sleep setting: $BATTERY_SLEEP"

    sudo pmset -b disablesleep 0
    sudo pmset -b sleep $BATTERY_SLEEP

    #----- sleep on timeout only -----
    if [[ ${1:--1} -eq 1 ]]; then   sudo pmset sleepnow; fi
    exit
}

#***** prevent it from sleeping *****
prevent_sleep

#***** trap Ctrl-C *****
trap enable_sleep INT

#***** wait for an enter *****
read -t $timeout_len
rc=$?

#***** re-enable normal sleep *****
enable_sleep $rc

The shell script will disable sleeping until you hit the Enter key, at which point it will re-enable the sleep settings (alternately, you can hit Ctrl-C and achieve the same thing). It will also set a timeout (defaults to 300 seconds/5 minutes) after which the sleep settings will automatically be re-enabled, and the laptop will be forced to go to sleep. While this would be a pain if you're using your laptop in a meeting, it will be a lifesaver if you forgot and put your laptop in your bag to go home.
Astute readers will note that these commands require sudo; sadly, that's unavoidable AFAIK. What I've done on my system is to make it so that I don't have to enter my password to run pmset as root. To do that, edit the sudoers file (sudo visudo) and add this line:
joe ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/pmset

replacing "joe" with your username. You could probably achieve the same result (i.e. running the script without having to enter your password) by running the shell script SETUID, but I don't like doing that; opening up this one command via sudoers seems less risky to me.
To run the script, stick it in a directory on your PATH and invoke it as such:
$ noz [<timeout in seconds>]

When you get to where you're going, simply hit Enter or Ctrl-C and you're good to go. And if you forget about it, it will automatically reset and sleep.
There's probably a way to achieve all of this via AppleScript, so that you can then assign it a hot key and what not; I'll try that if I even get tired of running this from the command line.
Note: this solution was developed specifically with wifi networking in mind.


How could the androids protect themselves from EMP attacker?

Question: Out in Fresno, in the Marxist community of Androidia, also known as CyboTek facility 9, lives a community comprised of only robots and artificial intelligences. They are at peace with most surrounding communities and mostly keep to themselves, only trading for essentials like Fusion batteries and scrap metal (see my other question). They are a small blip on the map for most people. Most. But, one lunatic hears about the whole communism thing and thinks about the apocalypse that destroyed the world. He gets an EMP emitter and marches up to that factory, angry and bloodthirsty (or more metalthirsty, I guess). He runs in and start killing every android he sees. My question is: is there a way to stop this attack, besides just shooting the guy on sight?
Comment: You're going to need to give more information about what an "EMP emitter" is in order for people to describe defenses against it.
Comment: Is this about technology (e.g. how to shield yourself from an EMP weapon) or is this about how to deal with someone shooting up people without killing him/using a projectile weapon? I kind of read it as the 2nd option currently which makes this a) a trivial question to answer and b) borderline off-topic. Also please consider if you need your entire backstory and if a clear and precise way of presenting your issue wouldn't be more beneficial
Comment: What's wrong with shooting him in self-defense?
Comment: Leaders never attack (it's too dangerous).  They inspire minions to do the dirty work.
Comment: @RonJohn: They will get killed by the guys followers if they do. The Anti-Commie Legion, dedicated to destroying all remnants of communism form the world. Shot him down, his other 80 followers come
Comment: @RonJohn: It's a religious thing. He is going on his ultimatum of a spiritual quest. It's their religion to kill off commie demons that destroyed the world
Comment: The other 80 are coming regardless.....
Comment: I guess it depends a lot from your "EMP emitter" specifications, and particularly its reloading time between two shots.
Answer: Arm your Androids with a Faraday Cage

There are many ways to protect against an Electro Magnetic Pulse (EMP).
If your antagonist has a device capable of generating an EMP field of 20,000 volts per meter, shielding can reduce the effects of the EMP enough to protect the androids. An example of shielding is a Faraday Cage. Developing one that is capable of producing 80 db would reduce the EMP by a factor of 10,000. That 20,000 volt generator would only be able to produce a field inside the cage of 2 volts per meter.  Even simple shielding can reduce the effects 3 - 4 times, the EMP becomes nearly useless.
As an example, the androids could wear flexible metallic fabric suits that could block the interference caused by the EMP generator. Such suits are used all the time in working on high voltage power lines. I am sure androids who are just as worried about stray voltage as it might affect their lives would look for ways to protect themselves when working on their own electrical needs.
Properly shielded androids could deploy a Faraday Cage around your antagonist which renders his device practically useless.
Good luck protecting the androids.

http://www.futurescience.com/emp/EMP-myths.html
http://survival-mastery.com/diy/construct/how-to-build-a-faraday-cage.html
Comment: For a real world example of this: Airplanes.  They're built to shrug off lightning strikes and it's done very much like a Faraday cage built into the skin of the aircraft itself.
Comment: Pictured: Dalek early prototype.
Answer: They could generate a temporary magnetic field around them.
EMP works (against electrical systems) basically as follows: it inducts a huge electrical current in the system, that is what damages the device (or robot, in this case). So, generating a opposite magnetic field would repel the EMP as, for example, two magnets repel each other.

As a consequence, a phenomenon like a Geomagnetic storm could happen, destabilizing the magnetic field generated by the droids. (for further information: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geomagnetic_storm)
Comment: Welcome to worldbuilding.SE!  We prefer 1-2 paragraph answers, long enough to explain both the how and the why of your insight.  In this case, an explanation of how the android's temporary magnetic field would protect them from an EMP (electro-magnetic pulse).


Make CSS changes to osssearchresults page only

Question: Is there a way to make CSS changes to the osssearchresults page without it affecting all other pages on the site?  Specifically, for this site collection the left navigation is hidden.  I want this to stay hidden, but be able to view it on the osssearchresults page (where the refiners are located).  It would be simple if I could edit the page and add a script editor, but you are unable to do that.  I also can't find the file in Designer.  Is this possible or what other options do I have?
Answer: I don't know of a way to alter a system page.
I would create a page and a new layout for Search Results. Add your CSS and JS to the layout its using.


Is it possible to align an element with the bottom of the window, yet make it scrollable, with CSS only?

Question: I have a design going on where I want to align the bottom of an intro paragraph with the bottom of the window, yet make it scroll with the rest of the page. So when the page opens, the visitor sees only the first paragraph (and a full screen background image, which is what I want to focus their attention on), but as they scroll they see the paragraph and the rest of the text. The height of the intro element can vary.
Right now I think I have to introduce some javascript to do this - meassure the height of the window, the height of the paragraph, and adjust top: or margin-top of the paragraph to the difference between the two values.
If there is a way to make a div have a height that corresponds exactly to the window height, and position the paragraph absolutely inside of this div, the let the rest of the text sit outside of the div, it could work... but I can't seem to make that happen with css. Any suggestions?
Answer: Try something like this:

Your first paragraph text here...

The rest of your text here...

And the CSS:
html, body, #wrap {
    height: 100%;
}

#absPos {
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    position: absolute;
}


The reviews are completed but the editor does not send the final decision and I am in a hurry

Question: I have submitted a paper and both reviewers stated that the work is very well-written, novel, very well-done etc., and asked only some very easy questions. After I sent the revised version, on the same day both reviewers completed their review report (I could see the status on the tracking system). So based on the previous positive comments, and the short time for them to complete the second review, I assumed they accepted the article. It has been 2 weeks now and still the editor did not send us their decision. I am giving birth in a couple of weeks and I really need to handle this before my due date. What should I do? Is it wise to send them an email stating the reason I am in a hurry for the editor's decision?
Comment: After accept decisions, editors usually only need the source files for the articles. Prepare everything and when the decision comes you just need to send an email. I'm not sure if rushing the editors is the right way to go.
Comment: Please frame your question. What is the issue stressing you? To have the official acceptance letter of the paper before giving birth or the work needed to be carried out  between acceptance and publication of the paper?
Comment: Two weeks in my view isn't a lot. OK, optimally a decision can be made in few days in such a situation, but the editor may be travelling or have other urgent things to do. It is absolutely not unusual that people have a backlog of two or even three of four weeks to work through.
Answer: Two weeks is plenty of time to make a decision, so feel free to nudge the editor (especially since "I am giving birth soon and won't be available for a while" is a reason most people will empathize with).
Comment: Depends on the journal. In my field, some journals have an editorial board that makes recommendations to the main editors, and then they meet monthly to decide which to accept. Bugging the editorial board member will do nothing.
Comment: @terdon yes, but that's from submission to decision. Right now the status for the OP's manuscript is "reviews completed".
Comment: I've never even heard of a decision taking so little time, let alone ever experiencing it. In my field (biology/bioinformatics) it usually takes several months to go from submission to acceptance/rejection.
Comment: Ah yes, indeed. Fair point.
Answer:
I am giving birth in a couple of weeks and I really need to handle
this before my due date

First: congratulations!
Second: do not let being a mother completely define you. You will still be a scientist, although with a seriously impaired agenda (don't worry, it is really so, it would be stupid to claim otherwise and it will be even more stupid to discriminate you on that basis).
Third: even if the paper is accepted tonight, it is quite likely the paper will still require minimal editing and input from you for the final version in 3/4 weeks. You may still find the time to do that or you may delegate one of the co-authors to do that, maybe prepare them to be able to work with the processed data and the needed plotting scripts?
All the best for your future!
Comment: If this is your meaning, it might be worth clarifying "seriously impaired agenda in the short term".
Comment: @GregMartin let's put it clear: there is a reason if we consider advanced countries the ones giving 6 months, 1 year or even 2 years of maternal paid leave. I totally agree with the definition of civilized country a country that takes care human in their most vulnerable times, which means childhood, teenager-time, elder time **and** the transition from adults to parents.
Do (hard working, honest) people have to pay 40% of taxes to sustain such an environment? yes, do the maths, I am ready to accept such a "burden" to live in a decent society.


'bin needs to download the font "Nanum Myeongjo"'

Question: My Mac gave me a pop up that asked "bin needs to download the font "Nanum Myeongjo" I clicked it away and ran Malwarebytes which found and quarantined "Adware.Spigot". Am I fine? Should I still be worried? I am using 10.12.6 on a 2015 Macbook Pro 15 inch.
Answer: Nanum Myeongjo is a free Google font. When a program asks to download a font, it is because it is because it calls for it but it is missing from your font library. This is a normal behavior, but you can ignore it if you want.
The Adware.Spigot is most likely unrelated to the font and is not a virus, but it is Adware. Adware is not a virus, but it can be considered Malware, which is an unwanted program. I would recommend removing it.

‘bin needs to download the font “Nanum Myeongjo”’


Scrolling vs. Tapping on mobile

Question: I'm designing a product detail page for tablet (mainly iPad). Given the limitation of screen size (although the new iPad is bigger now), there are content that's cutoff at the bottom. The requirement is to see them right off the bet but it doesn't make sense to show them on top. We tried another version to show the two sections at the bottom in two tabs but the concern is that people have to tap to see the other section. Any suggestions?
Comment: I'm not entirely clear as to what your question is. Are you asking if tabs are appropriate? FYI, your layout 'feels' rather desktop centric rather than touch-centric. I'd suggest avoiding scrolling sections and make  all your touchable spots much bigger.
Comment: Yes I was asking if tabs or scrolling will work better for the "You May Also Like" and "Customers Also Bought" sections. Sorry the wireframe looks desktop centric. The actual visual design has bigger touch targets.
Comment: In general, people prefer scrolling--*especially* on touch devices, where it's very easy to do.
Answer: Adding a tap would require extra efforts from the user. Why make user to take such steps.
Scrolling is synonymous to exploring without causing the pain.
Plus when I look at other Ecommerce apps, scroll is used almost everywhere. Have a look at some of these Images:
Answer: Your design should be able to better capture the features of touch devices.
You can use a card sorting method for the page that would showcase each product tile.
Look at other shopping apps out there. There are lots of apps that keep breaking down the view in such a manner that you're constantly drilling down for more product detail.
I would suggest having all your information inline and expand open further information on the page.
Biggest thing is to see what's been done already. There are lots of good examples that don't feel like a rehash of a desktop site.
Answer: As already mentioned in the comments to your question: Go with scroll!
But never forget: Most people don't like to read a lot. So, if you can, try to keep texts short and easy to read too.

Scrolling vs. Tapping on mobile


OS X Calendar won't sync to iPhone

Question: If I put an event in Calendar, on my Mac, in does not sync to my iPhone. However it does sync if I put an event into the iPhone when it will then pick up the previous unsynced events.
Comment: How are you syncing both devices?
Comment: It normally just does it, without a sync. But my phone is backed up to the Mac
Comment: It must have iCloud or other type of account activated to sync calendars. Please check on System Preferences > Internet accounts on your Mac and on Settings > Mail, Contacts, Calendars on your iPhone and add to your question the information that exists on both. My guess is you are adding events to a different calendar on your Mac, probably a local one. Then again, it may be a synced calendar but you have hidden it on your iPhone.
Comment: I checked and both were set also the pulling down of screen as below doesn't work. But as soon as I add some thing to my iPhone calendar it syncs
Comment: They were set how? Please be very specific.
Comment: On the Mac under system preferences>iCloud the calendar box is checked like wise on my iPhone settings>icloud> calendars is on
Comment: Is there more than one calendar on either?
Comment: No, just the usual family, work etc
Comment: So if I go to settings>iCloud then calendar is listed and ticked but if I then click on iCloud options, calendar is not listed as an app that store documents or data
Comment: If you go to the Calendar app on iOS, and tap on "Calendars" on the bottom of the screen, what do you see? Also, you mention you have "just the usual: family, work, etc."; **each** one of those is a **different calendar**, and they must be checked on both devices in order to be viewable.
Comment: There was a list of all the calendars:- All iCloud , work calender, Home etc at the top it says "show all calendars" if you click it all the clappers get ticked
Comment: Select them all on both your computer and iPhone and try again
Comment: Great it seems to be working now!!! Thank you very much for your help
Comment: Which version of MacOS (OS X) are you running?
Answer: I have found that creating a "dummy" calendar event on my iPhone will unjam synching issues and force OS X and iOS systems to talk to each other. This is not a very elegant method, but it's effective. Simply delete the fake entry when your Mac and iPhone have shared their respective calendars.
Answer: I tried the solutions and none worked for me; iPhone 5S sync with MacBook Pro High Sierra; I rebooted both devices; what worked was to go on iPhone Settings -> First icon (my name) then scroll down to iPhone(3) (the name of my iPhone - could be different for you) clicking on which solved the problem - at least for now.
Comment: Thank you. After spending 30m trying many solutions. This simple trick is what worked for me.
Answer: I've had this issue recently as well.  One way that seems to force a resync is to first go to the list of Calendars at the bottom of the Calendar app.  Drag the list of calendars down, and the gear will start spinning at the top of the screen while the data is resynced.  This has worked for me so far.
Answer: Recent versions of iOS and OS X support many calendar service providers, and within them you may have different calendars for each category: Work, Personal, Family, etc.
Check on all synced devices that the same calendars are activated and visible.
On iOS, open the Calendar app, tap on Calendar, and select those you'd like to be visible.
On OS X, you can do the same on the sidebar.
Check the calendar (Work, Personal, etc.) of the event that won't sync.
Sometimes all it takes is to make the calendar viewable on all devices.
Answer: This has been driving me crazy too. No matter what I tick in preferences, my iPhone calendar will not update/sync with my iMac. I don't want to use iCloud or bluetooth or whatever - I just want the iPhone to sync when I plug it into my iMac. The method (thanks KENT) outlined below is the only thing that has worked:
"I've had this issue recently as well. One way that seems to force a resync is to first go to the list of Calendars at the bottom of the Calendar app. Drag the list of calendars down, and the gear will start spinning at the top of the screen while the data is resynced. This has worked for me so far."

OS X Calendar won't sync to iPhone


activemq message visibility

Question: Is there  way i can change the message visibility in activemq something like amazon SQS.
The ticket was raised but i guess closed without implementation(https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/AMQ-3229).
I want activemq to retain the message after one consumption with session configured as ActiveMQSession.CLIENT_ACKNOWLEDGE but the visibilty of the message set to false so that no other consumer can consume it until the message is not deleted from the activemq(consume it with session ActiveMQSession.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE) or there is a timeout.
Regards,
Arijit
Answer: Apparently this is not required:
http://firstname.lastname@example.com%3E

activemq message visibility


Why installing old versions of OS?

Question: Why there is a long list of OS for installing on servers in VPS packages? Normally, the latest version of a software is the best (due to fixed bugs and new features). When Ubuntu 11.10 and Centos 6.0 have already been released, why people are interested to install older versions such as Centos 5.5, 5.0, 4.0, etc (or Ubuntu 10, 9, 8)?
Comment: The newest version of something is not always the best version (witness Apple's iOS 5.0.0 with *serious battery life issues* - This can be generalized to any major software release)
Comment: Real life example: you have Windows 7 you run IE8, 9 (maybe 10). It's impossible at all to test IE6 or IE7. To do so, you need Multiple_IE here: http://tredosoft.com/Multiple_IE but this utility just works on XP. So you need XP.
Answer: Bleeding edge is not always the most stable is a great reason.  In the case of Ubunutu the latest versions are supported for 18 months at a minimum. Where LTS versions are supported for five years (server edition) and soon to be 5 years (both desktop and server) with 12.04.
Ubuntu LTS Wiki
Comment: I cant speak for Ubuntu, but CentOS 6 is definitely not bleeding edge. Although i can say there are a few reasons i can think of to stick with a CentOS 5 release instead of 6. Mostly concerning application dependencies, sometimes new versions break things
Comment: Most server-targeted flavors are not bleeding edge. RHEL is not bleeding edge and, because they are based on RHEL, neither are CentOS or SL. That's the role that Fedora plays in the whole scheme.
Comment: I agree.  CentOS would be the more stable, non bleeding edge server OS .
Answer: Another good reason may be for developers, who need exactly same testing environment as the production environment. They may also be interested in installation of these older versions into virtual machines in order to test their software on various versions of the same distribution.
Answer: Along with the reasons mentioned by others, it is sometimes the case that certain software needs an older dependency to run. From experience with CentOS, I know that files get moved from one package to another between major releases. Sometimes, a file is removed from a package and not put in another one. In most cases this is because the file has been superseded by a better option or because it was never any good in the first place. Many developers don't want to look for the new package or rewrite perfectly good working code to work with the preferred alternative. In that case, a developer will limit what versions of dependencies they will allow (it is often done proactively, just in case).
It is, in many cases, a nightmare to try to downgrade the dependency package, especially if the package is depended upon by core system components.
Answer:
Why there is a long list of OS for installing on servers in VPS packages?

The provider may only update their VPS packages periodically. Maybe they are sloppy, or behind the curve, maybe they are waiting for the upstream provider to deprecate older versions of the VPS service. They may not see any value in removing older versions of the software from their list.

Normally, the latest version of a software is the best (due to fixed bugs and new features).

This is often not true. The lastest version of a software has often undergone far less testing then an older piece of software. Many sysadmins prefer to install what we call "mature" software, instead of the latest and greatest.
Here are some examples:

Microsoft Windows Vista was known for being far less stable then Windows XP
Apple Lion has a reputation of being far buggier then Apple Snow Leopard.
Google for "Ubuntu 11.10" and you'll find many complaints about its instability.

That said, it is wise to keep up to date on patches for your current revision of the operating system. CentOS 5.7 does fix many bugs and security vulnerabilities which were present in CentOS 5.5 and earlier.

When Ubuntu 11.10 and Centos 6.0 have already been released, why people are interested to install older versions such as Centos 5.5, 5.0, 4.0, etc (or Ubuntu 10, 9, 8)?

CentOS 5.5 is a bit old, but the 5.x branch is still current (5.7 was released in September 2011), and is probably one of the most common Linux installs in a Server environment. It's probably far more common then CentOS 6, due to the difficulty of migrating existing systems from CentOS 5 to 6.
Comment: I can safely say that those who are complaining about 11.10 are probably using A. Strange hardware or B. are 1990's Linux guys who think `emacs` is the best window manager on earth. ;) (however, I am not intending to troll/start a flame war - was simply voicing my take on things)
Answer: Backwards compatibility for stuff that costs to much to upgrade/update.
Comment: Or the applications just aren't supported on the newer versions.
Answer: Some organizations like to keep their OS version churn to a minimum such that even new boxes may get loaded with the "current standard" version of an OS.
Answer: Consider it "Final" meaning it runs great, without bugs or faults. It's a version they're confident will be stable. They've "Mastered" it, it's been out long enough.
All the new stuff is just, well... new. More bugs, and support issues. Not to mean it doesn't work just fine 95% of the time.

Why installing old versions of OS?


Why do disconnected diagrams not contribute to the S matrix?

Question: I've read somewhere that disconnected diagrams do not contribute to the S-matrix. I don't see why this is the case. I do know why vacuum bubbles do not contribute: given a generating functional for a scalar field the n-point correlation function follows from:
$$
G(x_1, \dots,x_n) = \frac{1}{i^n}\frac{\delta}{\delta J(x_1)}\frac{\delta}{\delta J(x_n)}Z_0[J]|_{J=0}
$$
If you treat the generating functional in perturbation theory, expaning out the denominator of
$$
Z[J] = \frac{\int\mathcal{D}\phi\exp(iS + i\int J\phi dx)}{\int\mathcal{D}\phi\exp(iS)}$$
will cancel all vacuum bubbles from the numerator. Does something similar hold for the disconnected diagrams?
Comment: Have a look at Peskin and Schroeder section 4.6.
Answer: I think they do contribute to the S-matrix.The amplitude of disconnected diagrams is the product of the amplitudes of all disconnected pieces. For example, putting two connected 2-particle scattering diagrams will give you a 4-particle scattering process, but it's not that physically interesting because this process is not a "genuine" 4-particle process in the sense that it's really just two 2-particle scattering processes happening independently(and the jargon is "cluster-decomposed" process), so that it's best to study the connected pieces separately(these pieces correspond to the connected part of S-matrix). A good reference on this is Weinberg's QFT Vol1 chapter 4.
So in a word, disconnected diagrams do contribute to the S-matrix, but not the connected part of S-matrix(the second half of the sentence is a tautology if one uses connected diagram as the definition of "connected part of S-matrix", but it won't be a tautology if one uses Weinberg's recursive definition)
Comment: Is the point you are trying to make the fact that the disconnected diagrams already contribute to the S-matrix via the connected diagrams? So including them would be some sort of double counting?
Comment: No, what I mean is they do contribute to S-matrix, and they are not double counting, it's just that they don't contribute to the "interesting" part of the S-matrix.


What algorithm would you advise me to use for my task?

Question: I have an image and a mask. I want the image to be the same, but rotated, scaled and positioned like mask. What can I use?
Answer: Assuming that the image is blank everywhere but where the face is drawn...
The first step is to scale the image to the mask.  That doesn't require a detailed explanation here as it is too trivial a problem.
Second, rotate the image by 90 degrees three times and save each one.
Third, for the four versions of the image (the original and three rotations), do the image addition.  The only one with information will be the one that is rotationally aligned with the mask.


What can women do to get comfortable in the saddle?

Question: I am fairly new to cycling and have a road bike which I am really enjoying but I cannot get comfortable in the saddle. Not so much bum bones, but lady bits! Any suggestions?
Comment: I would just like to point out that this is not a gender-specific issue. Saddle selection/comfort is a highly individual issue. While some women may find "women-specific" things helpful, not all will, and vice-versa (that is to say: some men may find women's saddles helpful). The most major problem people face is lack of "familiarity" with the saddle...any saddle. If you're new to cycling, you are likely to experience discomfort no matter what. It takes time to get the muscles/tissues/etc. used to it.
Comment: [Terry](http://www.terrybicycles.com/Saddles), in particular, makes saddles specifically for women.  They basically invented the woman's saddle.
Comment: Some women can not get comfy on any regular bike seat, if you are one of those, consider a recumbent bike. You sit on different parts of your body and can change that a lot by a different kind of seat if needed.
Answer: Saddles can be very specific to the individual...but some general advice:

Try to find a local bike shop that will let you test ride different
saddles. Five minutes on a trainer is not enough, a good bike shop
will let you take a saddle on a real ride.
Talk with others that have similar biking style. A great mountain
bike saddle does not always make a great road saddle. A bit of an angle change or moving the saddle a bit forward or backward can have a big effect.
Try some saddles that are "lady specific" and those that others say
work well for the lady bits. I've heard good things about the Selle
Italia Lady Diva and the saddles from Adamo (the Adamo's are not 'lady specific' but the cutout seems to have similar effect).

Also, you may want to invest in some decent bike shorts and a good anti-chafe creme (I like 'Blue Steel Sports').
Some of the "issues with the tissues" will fade as you spend more time on the bike, but some won't unless you get a saddle that works for you. Don't settle...try different saddles until you find something that works for you.
Answer: Saddle comfort has many variables, addressing all of them can be scary or "drowning" for the new rider. One variable is obviously particular anatomy. As it is true that women differ from men, there can be huge differences among riders of the same gender. Also, even though there are women specific designs, a women's saddle is not radically different from a man's one, in fact, the untrained eye may not tell one from another even with close inspection.
Fit is the key word here. As other answers here point out, you should try several saddles before you find the perfect one. But not only the shape and type of saddle affect fit. The bike should fit you. Saddle height, up/down angle, fore/aft position and distance to the handlebar can play a significant role in saddle comfort.
Yet another variable is the rider's level of expertise. The novice rider does not have their muscles and bones accustomed to the position on the saddle. The O.P. states that her problem is not with the bones but with "lady bits", but when a rider can not hold the proper position long enough, tends to move in the saddle to alleviate pain in certain area causing pain in another. Also, a novice rider may want a more padded saddle whereas a seasoned cyclist usually wants a lighter saddle with less padding.
Whether the saddle is broken in. An excellent saddle may be uncomfortable for several miles when new, but once it is broken in, it gets way better. (In my case I need at least two rides of 15 miles on my mountain bike to feel that a new saddle is ready for longer rides).
Also, riding style: Cruising/leisure riders, "relaxed" commuters and purely recreational cyclists tend to prefer wide, heavily padded saddles, but sporty and competitive ones, use narrower, stiffer and lighter saddles for a more efficient power transfer to the pedals.
Having that said, I suggest the following:

A new rider may find more comfortable a saddle with more padding, or even a gel cover. As the rider evolves, the extra padding or gel may start to feel too bulky. It will be then time to move to a more racing-oriented saddle or remove the gel cover.
Use a saddle designed for women. Consider the previous point regarding how much padding. Also, verify that the saddle is really different from the same make/model for men. (I've seen many scams where the product is only painted or decorated differently, but is actually no different than the man's version, and the worst is, they charge a higher price for the supposed woman's special item). As far as I have noticed, true woman's saddles are a little bit wider and shorter tan man's. Also, Man's saddles tend to have a longitudinal cutout that starts where the saddle gets wider and continues towards the back, whereas ladies' saddles have a "depression" that starts closer to the nose and ends near the widening point of the saddle.
Use cyclist shorts.
The usage of lady's daily protectors can also help. (Like the pantyliners or pads, but these are lighter, smaller and for "the rest of the month") You may need to try different sizes before you find the ones that work best for this purpose, if they help in your case.
Regarding fit: If possible, (and/or no already done) go to a shop that can offer fitting service. You can also learn many basic fitting steps from the internet. Either case, fit is by no means an unbreakable law. Sometimes bike fit involves formulas precise to 3 decimal figures, but let's be honest: no body can place their but with precision of tenths of an inch, so these formulas are actually starting points, or general guidelines. After a fit session, ride for at least 30 minutes, and if you feel like you need a change, make it. Make only one change at a time, and stay within half an inch or a centimeter every time. Repeat as necessary. (I have assembled bikes several times, and when the bike is for me, I may need up to 3 or 4 changes after the initial set up to find my sweet spot).
Particularly, I have seen ladies who are fine with a standard or "unisex" saddle, slightly angled down.

Partial credits to my wife who is also a competitive cross country rider. Notes also taken from my sister, a more recreational cross country rider who custom-fits her saddles with partially modified gel covers. Notes also taken from female rider acquaintances.
Answer: I think a bike fit is in order at your LBS. You may need to adjust the saddle height, saddle of appropriate width, saddle angle, stem height, stem length, handlebar angle, figure out if the top tube length is appropriate, etc.
Saddle discomfort is not isolated to just the saddle, but also geometry of riding. Most road bikes force you to sit on your "sit bones" rather than a plush cruiser seat where the weight is suspended by your sit bones and whole rear end (which is fine for short rides) which can be somewhat disconcerting at first (you shouldn't be bolt upright for example). But some women's specific saddles may be helpful. The issue of tissue compression does affect women as well to some extent but shouldn't be an issue with appropriate saddle and handlebar adjustment provided the frame is an appropriate size.
Answer: I have never had a sore seat. I started riding 20 to 30 minutes every day, and worked up from there. I am much stronger now (after commuting 10000 km in a year) than I was. My power goes through my legs (I wear bike shoes), so only part of my body weight is on my seat (because some of my weight is instead pushing down on my leg[s]): I think that's what happening, anyway.
The experience / riding style is very different from novices (e.g. children) who must sit on the seat, and have no strong legs.
Aside from that, they do make "lady-specific" and other saddles. It's surprising how much effect even a small difference has. A lady's bike would never fit me. Yesterday I tried on several pairs (different makes, similar sizes) before I found a pair of shoes that are comfortable.
Also my bike is a 'hybrid' style (the handle bars are flat, not dropped or raised): meant to be faster (tires and gears) than a mountain bike and more comfortable (riding position) than a racing bike. Perhaps you should reconsider your handle bars (etc.) as well as your seat/saddle, in order to make sure you are riding in a comfortable and efficient position, for the kind of riding you are practising at the moment.
Answer: Everybody buying a saddle for extensive riding would do well to get a personal saddle measurement done, or to do it themselves. This is a pretty common option in the more fancy bicycle shops (where I live anyway).
The point 8 on this page about saddle soreness gives a pretty good explanation of what you have to measure if you want to do it yourself. It is actually not that difficult.
This also has a good explanation at the end.
And finally, this local question and the accompanying answers should also help you.
Answer: For men there can be some issue about the compression of tissue, often brought on by mis-sized saddle. Maybe the advice from another post can help with your issues as well?
Answer: One trick I did to keep the nose from rubbing uncomfortably was to angle the nose of my saddle slightly downward. Yes, it is odd at first, since it tends to make you want to slide forward, but you should technically only have your sit bones on the saddle, which I can still do easily. The angled nose keeps it from knocking around between my legs.
Works for me, but everyone has to figure out their own perfect setup. Also, make sure your bike is correctly fitted to you and that the seat is at the appropriate height. It all plays into it.