What is the difference between $state.go(app.location) and $location.path("app/location")?

Question: I have recently started using ionic framework, it has angular js in it. To navigate between screens, I was using $location.path and it's working great. However, in an example I've downloaded, I saw $state.go being used to redirect to some page. I would like to know the difference between the two.
Comment: but you're not going to tell him what those features are? Or provide a URL?
Answer: The $location service is on the angular.js framework out of the box and allow you to manage location object (similar to that in pure javascript).
The $state service is a part of ui-router module and allows you to manage routes in an advanced mode, throughout a state machine management of views.
If you use ui-router, you should prefer to use $state service to manage states/routes because state abstracts the concept of route and you could change the physical routes without changing states.
Besides that, more problems you could have if you run in hashbang mode, in particular in your html links. In this case it's preferable to use ui-sref rather than ng-href (or just href).
In my opinion, you should always think in term of states rather than paths. Obviously you can mix the services if you know what you're doing
Comment: OP, this has a lot of upvotes. If you agree, then please award the answer which will help others who view this question in future.
Answer: Thanks @wilver for answering it.
As I dug deeper into angular and learned different ways of structuring my projects, I got to understand these states and paths better. And yes, I've found states much better than paths.
$state.go, which comes with $stateProvider - a provider by ui-router, will work based on state names. Major difference between previously inbuilt(now you need to include ngRoute) router and states is that "States can have nested states but with router it's not possible. And I suddenly realized that whole of Ionic framework is possible because of this concept - I was able to understand this while working on an angular web app based on ngRoute and ionic app based on ui-router.
Ionic works with app as basic state and all other screens defined as its sub states. That's why you see app.screen1, app.screen2 inside $stateProvider in app.js.
So when you have routes, you use $location.path("<routeUrl>") and
when you have states, you use $state.go("<stateName>")
Answer: I use ionic and one of the differences that I have observed but not yet figured out why is that $location.path is much slower than $state.go


Why do people store shipping and handling in the order header and not a line item

Question: I have worked on several ordering systems. Every one of them has tracked the shipping and handling as part of the order header rather then tracking it as a line item. To me, it would make more sense to keep them with the line items, even if the information is not displayed that way to the user. What are the reasons for keeping them in the header?
Comment: Arguably, it could also be defined as an extra field on each line item row. Since each item would contribute some amount to the S&H costs unless you had a flat shipping rate.
Comment: In most of the systems I have worked on it is a flat fee or a caculated fee based on some thing other then the actual prduct shipped.  But you are correct it could be.
Comment: Line items, just as any type of collection, should be filled with siblings.  Shipping charges are not siblings to order items.
Answer: Let me ask you this. If I order 100 items and then change my mind and ask to have only 50 before the item is shipped would the shipping go down?  IN other words is the shipping a per order charge that won't change no matter what is ordered or is it calculated based on the individual items in the order. If you ship heavy things, it is likely to be based on the items ordered and thus stored there. If you ship lighter things, likely the charge is standard per order and should be stored in the parent table.
Comment: @Erin, flat fee is a convenience shippers have come up with to simplify things for individuals and small businesses.  For large businesses, it's more efficient to use a more complex method, so small shipments pay less than the average and large pay more instead of everyone paying the average.  Amazon, for example, charges a rate per shipment based on the kind of items, then an additional rate per item.  When shipping cost is an aggregate property of the entire order, it makes sense to keep it at the order level.  Flat fee works with that model, but not vice versa very well.
Comment: My experience has been it is a flat fee.
Comment: @Karl Bielefeldt, thanks for the details.  That does make more sens to me.
Answer: I think the reasoning is two fold for placing the shipping, handling, tax, etc as calculated fields on the header.

The developers may prefer that style, having worked in legacy applications I've noticed that a lot of developers from the mid-90's tended to use a flat table design with calculated fields.
The designers of the software could be unaware of using a more normalized approach to software design specifically in the domain.  If I was presenting a run of the mill UI Shipping, Hanlding, Tax, are generally summed values displayed as part of the order totalling process.

Concievably the authors of the code do not differentiate between a domain model and a view model or the view aspect of the domain model.  Assuming that the two are tightly coupled its understandable.
If I was to give my opinion as to which route is best i'd go with a normalized approach of providing the shipping, handling, tax, and other fees as line items to cut down any calculated fields on the order header.  I'd then provide them as a summed value in a ViewModel if necessary but only as a product of the UI's display never as a method of data storage.
Answer: Think of it like this: a single shipping order ships multiple items to a single address. From that simple phrase you can deduce the entity relationships between the various bits of data. A shipping order has a one-to-many relationship with the items, thus the master-detail form. On the other hand, a shipping order has a one-to-one relationship with the shipping address, so they are part of the same form and in a normalized DB they would be part of the same table.


Can the participle ὑπάρχων in Phil. 2:6 mean "because he was?"

Question: A Greek scholar at Dallas Seminary says this participle can be understood as "because" which gives a whole deeper level of understanding of humility, beginning with God.
Comment: This makes no sense either lexically or etymologically ; nor does it makes sense semantically. I think we need a supported citation as to the veracity of the quotation and the qualification of the person making the claim. Anybody can paraphrase scripture to their own liking and it remains a mere opinion. But if someone wishes to seriously contribute to the disciplined translation of scripture, departing from accepted meanings, they have to document their departure with scholarly reasons for doing so.
Comment: [Greek Documents](http://www.greekdoc.com/nt-poly/phil.html#v2-6) contains **the original Greek and Hebrew of ALL scriptures, including the Apocrypha and early church fathers**. As if that weren't enough, it also has [a hyperlink for each Greek word of scripture](http://www.greekdoc.com/lexicon/upa.html#uparcw). Another inestimable resource is the [Wiktionary](http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ὑπάρχω).
Answer: I think the operative word here in Phil 2:6 is ὑπάρχω (huparchó) which, according to BDAG's second meaning is:

to be in a state or circumstance, be, eg, Luke 8:41, 9:48, Acts 7:55, 8:16, 16:3, 19:31, Phil 2:6, etc, etc.

This word is a VERB and NOT a conjunction (as is "because").  Further, the verb makes a statement about what is, and not why it is.  One simply cannot translate ὑπάρχω (huparchó) as "because".  The BLB gives this very literal translation of Phil 2:6 -

Who, existing in the form of God, did not consider to be equal
with God something to be grasped
Answer: If you are refering to ὑπάρχων, which is a verb, I would have to say no. "Because" is not a verb, it is a subordinate conjunction and should not be substituted for ὑπάρχων.
In English, a subordinate conjunction is used to connect two parts of a sentence in which one (the subordinate clause) explains the other.
In verse 6, Paul is describing a state of being.
Answer: Can the participle ὑπάρχων in Phil. 2:6 mean "because he was?"
To adequately answer this question properly, a list the possibilities of a participle are in the appendix.  There are many.  The participle here is anarthrous (no article).  While because is possible.  Dr. Wallace in his grammar emphasizes that there are many possibilities, but we are to look for the most probable.  Most translation either leave the participle as a participle (being), leaving the interpretation to the reader, or translate it as concession (though, although) as in the ESV, NASB, LBLA.
To answer the question, yes "because he was" is possible.  But, it does not seem to be Paul's probable meaning.  For that we would need to find context or scripture to support this meaning.
Appendix
<code>Participle

(declinable verbal adjective)

    I.      Adjectival Participles: adjectival nature is emphasized over verbal; if the participle is articular, it must be adjectival; if anarthrous, it may be adjectival (617–21)

         A.      Adjectival Proper (Dependent) (617–19)

             1.      Attributive Participles: who, which; functions like an attributive adjective, in any standard attributive position (618)
             2.      Predicate Participles: functions like a predicate adjective in predicate position (though usually in predicate position, the participle is adverbial) (618–19)

         B.      Substantival (Independent): the one who, the thing which; functions in the place of a substantive; can perform virtually any function a noun can; verbal aspect usually retained (619–21)

    II.      Verbal Participles: verbal nature is emphasized over adjectival; only with anarthrous participles, usually nominative and dependent on main verb (621–53)

         A.      Dependent Verbal Participles (622–50)

             1.      Adverbial (or Circumstantial): modifies the verb, answering the question When? (temporal), How? (means, manner), Why? (purpose, cause), etc. (622–40)

                  a.      Temporal: answers the question When? May be antecedent (after doing, after he did), contemporaneous (while doing), or subsequent (before doing, before he does) (623–27)
                  b.      Manner: answers the question, How? by + participle of emotion or attitude (easily confused with means) (627–28)
                  c.      Means: by means of (answering the question, How?); indicates the means by which the action of a finite verb is accomplished; defines or explains the controlling verb; usually follows the verb (628–30)
                  d.      Cause: because (answers the question, Why?); indicates the cause or reason or ground of the action of the finite verb; usually precedes its verb (631–32)
                  e.      Condition: if (implies a condition on which the fulfillment of the idea indicated by the main verb depends) (632–33)
                  f.      Concession: although (implies that the state or action of the main verb is true in spite of the state or action of the participle) (634–35)
                  g.      Purpose (Telic): translate like an infinitive or with the purpose of (indicates the purpose/intent of the action of the finite verb); usually follows main verb (635–37)
                  h.      Result: with the result of (indicates the actual outcome or result of the action of the main verb); can be internal (logical) or external (temporal); follows main verb (637–39)

             2.      Attendant Circumstance: translate as finite verb + and (it describes an action that, in some sense, is coordinate with the finite verb; "piggy-backs" on mood of main verb); five structural clues usually found:

                  •      tense of participle: aorist
                  •      tense of main verb: aorist
                  •      mood of main verb: imperative or indicative
                  •      participle precedes the main verb (both in word order and time of event)
                  •      frequent in narrative, infrequent elsewhere (640–45)

             3.      Indirect Discourse: anarthrous participle in the accusative case, in conjunction with an accusative noun or pronoun, sometimes indicates indirect discourse after a verb of perception or communication; retains tense of direct discourse
             4.      Complementary: completes the thought of another verb; e.g., "I do not cease praying for you" (646)
             5.      Periphrastic: anarthrous participle used with a verb of being to form a finite verbal idea; see table below for various combinations (647–49):

             6.      Redundant (Pleonastic): verb of saying (or thinking) used with a participle with basically the same meaning (as in ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν) (649–50)

         B.      Independent Verbal Participles (650–53)

             1.      As an Imperative (Imperatival): functions just like an imperative; participle not to be attached to any verb in the context, grammatically independent (650–52)
             2.      As an Indicative (Independent Proper or Absolute): functions like declarative indicative; participle stands alone in a declarative sense as the only verb in a clause or sentence (653)

    III.      The Participle Absolute (653–55)

         A.      Nominative Absolute: substantival participle that fits the case description of nominativus pendens—logical rather than syntactical subject at beginning of a sentence (654)

         B.      Genitive Absolute: anarthrous genitive participle with genitive substantive, functioning adverbially (usually temporal), but grammatically independent of verb in main clause (654–55)

Wallace, D. B. (1996). Greek Grammar beyond the Basics: An Exegetical Syntax of the New Testament (pp. 758–760). Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan.
</code>
Comment: Its interpretive to translate ὑπάρχω as anything other than an English participle such as *being* or *existing.*
Comment: Would that not be more interpretive than translative?
Comment: It would seem then that to translate ὑπάρχων as 'because' would be rather irresponsible. That would not serve to maintain the integrity of the text.


How to use the intersection construction to form a DFA?

Question: I'm doing a homework assignment for my theory of computation class and am a bit confused how to combine 2 DFAs. The book says it uses the "intersection construction" to do so, but I'm not sure what that is. Here are 2 examples:
Answer: The idea is pretty straightforward, although I can see where the confusion comes in. I will give a text/symbolic description of the process for making the intersection (union, difference) machines via the Cartesian Product Machine construction (same thing as you are talking about).
A DFA is a 5-tuple (E, Q, q0, A, f) where

E is the input alphabet, a non-empty finite set of symbols
Q is the set of states, non-empty and finite
q0 is the start state, an element of Q
A is the set of accepting or final states, a subset of Q
f is the transition function, taking pairs from Q x E to Q

Say we have two machines M' = (E', Q', q0', A', f') and M'' = (E'', Q'', q0'', A'', f''). To make the discussion easier, we assume E' = E''. We will now construct M''' so that L(M''') = L(M') intersect (or union or difference) L(M'').

Take E''' = E'' = E'
Take Q''' = Q' x Q''
Take q0''' = (q0', q0'')
Take A''' = (x, y) where x in A' and y in A'' (for union, x in A' or y in A''; for difference, x in A' but not y in A'').
Take f'''((x, y), e) = (f'(x, e), f''(y, e)).

There you go! Let's now consider two machines: one which accepts a^2n, and one which accepts a^3n (the intersection should be a machine accepting a^6n... right?).
For M', we have...

E' = {a}
Q' = {s0, s1}
q0' = s0
A' = {s0}
f'(s0, a) = s1, f'(s1, a) = s0

For M'', we have...

E'' = {a}
Q'' = {t0, t1, t2}
q0'' = t0
A'' = {t0}
f''(t0, a) = t1, f''(t1, a) = t2, f''(t2, a) = t0

For M''', we get...

E''' = {a}
Q''' = {(s0, t0), (s0, t1), (s0, t2), (s1, t0), (s1, t1), (s1, t2)}
q0''' = (s0, t0)
A''' = {(s0, t0)} for intersection, {(s0, t0), (s0, t1), (s0, t2), (s1, t0)} for union, {(s0, t1), (s0, t2)} for difference.
f'''((s0, t0), a) = (s1, t1), f'''((s1, t1), a) = (s0, t2), f'''((s0, t2), a) = (s1, t0), f'''((s1, t0), a) = (s0, t1), f'''((s0, t1), a) = (s1, t2), f'''((s1, t2), a) = (s0, t0).

And there you go! Please let me know if this needs clarification.
Comment: Side note: I believe that the DFA for example b is incorrect. The requirements ask for exactly 3 a's for one of the two sub-strings and the corresponding DFA accounts for exactly 2 a's. Just be careful as this affects the answers for both the corresponding DFA as well as the combined DFA.
Comment: @JanusTroelsen Yes, that was the intent.
Comment: What makes t_0 and s_0 in both DFA's for the purposes of intersection? They both go to a s_1,t_1?
Answer: These are:
{s∈{a,b,c}∗:every a in s is immediately followed by a b}
{s∈{a,b,c}∗:every a in s is immediately followed by a b}
and
{s∈{a,b,c}∗: every c in s is immediately preceded by a b}

In front and another automaton, you can join states "0" and "2".
and you need to retain that ...
There is a precise way for performing automatons for the crossing of languages. Let AA and BB be the input automatons. The cases of new automaton will be all pairs of states of AA and BB, that is SA∩B=SA×SBSA∩B=SA×SB, the initial state will be iA∩B=⟨iA,iB⟩iA∩B=⟨iA,iB⟩, where iAiA and iBiB are the initial states of AA and BB, and FA∩B=FA×FBFA∩B=FA×FB where FXFX denotes the set of accepting states of XX. Finally, the transition function δA∩BδA∩B is defined as follows for any letter α∈Σα∈Σ and states p1,p2∈SAp1,p2∈SA, q1,q2∈SBq1,q2∈SB:
⟨p1,q1⟩−→−−A∩B α ⟨p2,q2⟩ iff p1−→A α p2andq1−→B α q2
⟨p1,q1⟩→A∩B α ⟨p2,q2⟩ iff p1→A α p2andq1→B α q2
Please note, that such automaton usually is not minimal (e.g. the intersection might be just an empty language). Also, it might be useful (but it is not necessary) to make input automatons minimal since the output is quadratic in size.
// Reference: math.stackexchange.com
Happy Coding ...


How do I find all my bus stations?

Question: I want to upgrade my city's bus network to a subway network.  How do I locate all of my bus stations so I can replace them?
Answer: One way you can see them easily: Use the "Traffic" data view under Mayor mode.
In the top left of the view there is a switch between showing traffic by volume and by congestion. Choose by volume and your bus and subway stations will show up in green.
Comment: I don't think stations show up on the traffic data view.  Facilities show up in the power and water views, but not traffic as far as I can tell.
Answer: Do the same thing -- Choose by volume- then choose bus, than switch back to congestion. next scroll in and scroll through your town. It does not show bus stops when set to volume.

How do I find all my bus stations?


How do the stored chemicals in batteries drive electronic current from their terminal to outside devices?

Question: I have got around to at least read on Wikipedia, and it does not clarify how this works in any sensible manner.
I wondered how the chemicals make electrons "move". How is the basic understanding of this?
Answer: A battery, at its heart, is what we call a redox cell: some compounds are stripped of their electrons, and others gain those electrons. The movement of electrons between these two compounds can be harnessed to provide electricity, but that's taking us a step too far. What we want to understand here is why the electrons move. To do this, we'll have to understand the redox cell. As much as I hate to assume things, you're going to have to understand a bit about ions and equilibrium to understand this explanation.
(Note: the explanation I'm about to use is heavily taken from the excellent Chemguide site, run by Jim Clark. I'll include a link at the end.)
Let's say I place a bar of magnesium in a water bath. I'll take a look at the magnesium bar a short while after I place it in the water. If I could visualize atoms and electrons, this is what I'd see:

Some of the atoms of magnesium leave the bar and become ions in the solution, solvated by water (and other things, but that's not crucial to this explanation). Since they become ions, they leave electrons on the metal bar. Because the ions are positively charged, they are attracted to the negative charge on the metal bar, and tend to hang around there.
If I wait a little longer, I'll see more and more ions coming off the bar. As they start to build up in the water around the metal, every once in a while, one of the ions will hit the bar and reclaim its electrons. This is what we'll see then:

If I wait long enough, eventually, the number of atoms coming off the metal will be equal to the number of ions reabsorbing onto the metal. If I take out the "bites" in the metal bar to simplify the situation, this is what I see:

Notice how there's quite a buildup of electrons on the magnesium. This is because magnesium is a very active metal, like lithium. What if we used a much less active metal, one that doesn't have a large propensity to lose atoms into solution? An example of such a metal would be copper. Here's a side-by-side of the two:

Because the magnesium is a lot more active, it tends to lose ions more, and so it has more electron buildup. If we connect the two with a wire, we give the electrons a way to flow from the high concentration to the low concentration. We can then place something along the wire in the middle (say, a lightbulb) and harvest some energy!

This, of course, is a hilariously oversimplified scheme. For one, as the electrons go to the copper, more and more magnesium ions break off to replace them. At some point, there are so many positive ions in the solution that they draw the electrons back toward them, through electrostatic attractions (which is a fancy way of saying that positive and negative charges attract each other). To solve this, we'd put a salt bridge between the solutions that lets ions migrate back and forth.
There are other problems too: for example, this setup wouldn't work in real life because there are no ions in solution: real cells use salt solutions of the metal e.g. $\ce{MgCl2}$ or $\ce{CuSO4}$. There's also the issue that this battery is liquid and wouldn't do so well if you tipped it over, the fact that the voltage (which is really the difference between the charge on the metal bars) is only about 1.1 volts, yada yada. That's not central to the explanation.
The fact that certain compounds are more likely to gain electrons and some are more likely to lose them is the central reason why things like batteries can exist. If you'd like to read more about it, I pulled this explanation from chemguide.co.uk, run by Jim Clark. I am currently ready to graduate with a B.Sc in chemistry, and his website is still one of the best resources for conceptual learning that I've come across---as a matter of fact, I learned about things on that website (eutetic mixtures and azeotropes) that I still have yet to come across in four years of university-level study. If you'd like to read more into redox reactions, the redox equilibria page is at this link right here.


Combining 100+ Materials

Question: So I have a mesh model obtained from google maps data and we are using it for large-scale site representation. We typically combine architectural models with this google maps data and put up on sketchfab. However, Sketchfab only takes max 100 materials and my current model is sitting around 300. Is there a way to combine these materials? I dont have to combine all of them into one massive texture as long as i can get the materials number below 100. I saw that people bake these combined materials onto a single map but i tried and have crashed out my computer numerous times. My rig is i9 GTX 3090TI with 128gb ram so i don't think getting a beefier computer is a solution.
Any help or advice is welcome :) See below some images of the project.
Comment: This is a bit old but i did find a solution to this question.
Nicko16 made a great tutorial for this exact task that can be found here
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XUkMY8Sp_AM&t=202s&ab_channel=Nicko16
Another is to get Eliemichels texture pack which packs all the textures into one single image thus one single material. Literally saved me hours and hours to manually re-map and rebake. Here is the texture pack:
https://eliemichel.gumroad.com/l/DFExj Go and give them a follow/ donate and hope its helpful :)
Answer: My only suggestion is you could bake some of these maps to a single texture and apply the same texture to multiple objects. Only issue here is that you would have to UV Unwrap everything, which is a killer task with a scene as dense as this one. If you are interested in the baking process, Grant Abbitt has a pretty straight-forward tutorial for this.

Combining 100+ Materials


Does Kerberos support vendor specific attributes?

Question: As the question title says: Does Kerberos support vendor specific attributes allowing access segmentation within a given client device?
Comment: Can you explain what you mean?  I am used to Kerberos using the term "attributes" to identify flags set on principals in the realm/database.  What do you mean by access segmentation within a device, and are you really trying to do this via attribute flags on principals?
Answer: Microsoft has no SDK/API to change the kerberos protocol, and it wouldn't be a small feat to reimplement kerberos on both sides (client and server) as an authentication package.
I think you are missing a key point with your use case, kerberos is an authentication protocol, as such it should only deal with checking that you are who you say you are, network location isn't part of that.
what you require is authorization, this is abstracted away from kerberos as a security measure and it is a bad idea to change that.
what you can do is change the authorization part - on the Domain Controller you can decide which user is allowed to login to which computer (or a OU of devices) using group policy. if this is for your specific application you can always implement it at that level.
another way is to create a site per subnet and allow logon to each user per site. look here.


Inactivation of enzyme: Why inactivation constants do not follow the Arrhenius equation?

Question: The Arrhenius equation may not account for the temperature effect on thermal inactivation rate constants. Why can the thermal inactivation kinetics not be expected to follow Arrhenius? The reason that the inactivation constants do not follow Arrhenius is it because of other chemical processes occuring like diffusion?
Comment: Also denaturization might occur
Comment: Are you asking how it is possible in general to observe this or is the question result of having encountered a specific example (in the literature say) of this being violated or ?
Comment: Possible in general
Answer: Without attempting to elaborate (this is not my area of expertise) I rely on the abstract to an article [1] reviewing the subject for an answer:

The Arrhenius equation has been widely used as a model of the
  temperature effect on the rate of chemical reactions and biological
  processes in foods. Since the model requires that the rate increase
  monotonically with temperature, its applicability to enzymatic
  reactions and microbial growth, which have optimal temperature, is
  obviously limited. This is also true for microbial inactivation and
  chemical reactions that only start at an elevated temperature, and for
  complex processes and reactions that do not follow fixed order
  kinetics, that is, where the isothermal rate constant, however
  defined, is a function of both temperature and time.

Reference
[1] Peleg et al Critical reviews in food science and nutrition 52(9):830-51 (2012)


Bracketing is used as an insurance against (what) error?

Question: New to photography taking classes lol need help
Comment: Could I add a pedantic request for more punctuation, full sentences and no "lols" please?
Comment: Welcome to Photo.SE. I am sorry to have welcomed you here with a downvote on your first question, but I downvoted on the basis of "this question does not show any research effort; it is unclear". I understand that you are new to photography and are taking classes. But help us answer your question by explaining what you understand about exposure and bracketing, based on your class instruction. From there, we can help answer your questions, or clarify or correct any misunderstanding. But as it stands, this is not a good question for the Stack Exchange format.
Comment: @AlanMarcus Because this is a Q&A site, not a teaching site. I know you treat it as something else, but the community (with guidance from the SE overlords) define what the site is.
Comment: @AlanMarcus on the contrary, I think this is _aiding_ a learning opportunity: _how_ to ask for help by "showing your work", demonstrating what one knows (or _thinks_ one knows), in order to help the helpers (answerers) write better responses; to give new members the opportunity to edit and improve questions (and therefore the opportunity to turnaround downvotes); and to encourage people to use the tools available (search, existing Q&A).
Comment: @ scottbb - why interfere with a learning opportunity?
Answer: We use the camera settings to make adjustments to the level of exposure that will occur when we press the shutter button. We are assisted by the camera's light metering system and its software. When using a modern camera, we might allows the camera to make all adjustments or we might choose to take matters into our own hands and make these adjustments manually. In either case, the resulting picture will likely be improved if the exposure settings were tweaked. As an insurance policy, it might be wise not to depend on just one possible setup. Bracket exposure to the rescue. We set the camera logic or we manually take a series of pictures in quick succession, each tweaked so we get several over a range from slightly under to slightly over exposed. The objective is obtain a faithful image.


What quantifiable factors contribute to the globalization of a currency?

Question: Things that come to mind: Size of the economy of the issuing country, size of population of the issuing country, military power( quantified as defense budget) and country's share in world trade.
Comment: Given that you mention size of the economy and military power, and ask which is more important, you might be interested in an article by Barry Eichengreen called *Mars or Mercury: the international geopolitics of currencies* which discusses this question. In general all of Eichengreen's writings and the many references he cites could be of interest to you. He is one of the top academic experts on global currencies.
Comment: Deliverability and lack of controls on the capital account are also relevant.
Comment: You can simply have a binary variable for deliverable or not. Any EM FX product guide should note which currencies are/aren't.
Comment: @user42108 I might have a little bit of a trouble in actually "quantifying" deliverability and lack of controls. So I might have to start with a simple model in which all of the currencies have the same deliverability and lack of control. You think "deliverability" could be measured by the number of offshore clearinghouses for the currency?
Answer: Open Markets, Contract Law And An Efficient Legal System
Many places that are unimportant by the population/economy/military size have global currencies.  The key is that they tend to have efficient, transparent legal systems and a clear base of contract law.   Both the Singapore dollar and the Hong Kong dollar are global currencies, for example, while currencies for the two biggest populations in the world (India and China) are not.
It also helps to have a local advantage in this regard.  For example the Dutch guilder was never really a global currency before the Euro came around, because the European slots for that role were dominated by bigger countries like Britain, France and Germany.
Edit/Appendix:
To elaborate a bit further, one important prerequisite for some currency $G$ to be "global" is that there be demand for trades between $G$ and a variety of other currencies.  That demand really takes off when companies whose native currencies are $A$ and $B$ want to do business.  Neither one may be comfortable setting up transactions in the other's country and/or currency, so $G$ provides a mutually acceptable compromise.  We then get lots of transactions between $G$ and other currencies.
Comment: "currency ... used as a currency reserves of some other countries". That is the traditional definition, but keep in mind that private holdings of foreign assets (and liabs.) have increased enormously in recent decade, so that aspect is becoming very important as well.
Comment: Brian. thank you so much for the detailed answer. Am I wrong when I say that there are countries who hold renminbi in their FX reserves? https://data.imf.org/regular.aspx?key=41175
Comment: Also what I meant by "global" is that that currency is used as a currency reserves of some other countries.


Cannot Access a Shared Folder Using Windows 2008

Question: I have a NAS drive, and this is sharing some folders. I cannot access those folders from a windows 2008 machine which is on the network. The are both connected to the same network switch.
e.g. if I go like \\\\server\ or \\\\server\folder
I get the message:

windows cannot access \\server check the spelling, click diagnose
Error code: 0x80004005

The thing is that I can connect to this shared drive from a Windows 7 laptop connected wirelessly to the same network.
I can ping the server from windows 2008, but only if I use the IP address, not the server name.
Answer: Can you map it by \\IP\sharename ?
It sounds to me like your wireless clients are using a different DNS server than your 2008 machine.
Comment: Nah, cannot even do it using the IP address. Strange eh.
Comment: \\192.168.1.250\ etc
Answer: Not really found an answer here. The answer is to use ftp with the NAS drive from that particular computer :(
Answer: If it is synology nas you might check your SMB version.
On the synology go to [Control Panel] > [File Services] > [SMB/AFP/NFS]
The option [Enable SMB service] should be enabled.
Click the [Advanced Settings] button.
In my case the "Maximum SMB protocol" and "Minimum SMB protocol" were set to SMB1.
I changed the Maximum SMB protocol to SMB3 and now I can access the share perfectly from my Windows 10 pc.


How would I add tile to a raised deck?

Question: Does anyone have experience with the products designed for laying tile on top of a wood framed deck? (e.g. Slica Systems) It seems to me that over time even slight warping or shrinkage of the wood timbers would cause tile to crack.  These products have perhaps not been around long enough to see this happen.  What do I need to do to install tile on a deck and what do I need to think about?
Comment: I presume you mean an outdoor deck? Also, if you'll take the [tour], you'll note that opinion based questions are explicitly off topic. Please be sure to ask a specific question for which a specific answer can be given, otherwise this will likely be closed. Asking _how_ to install tile on an outdoor deck so it's not susceptible to cracking as the deck expands/contracts would be quite acceptable.
Comment: First you need to lay down some sort of cement board often called backer board or hardie backer. This will provide you with a substrate incapable of expansion and contraction. You just better hope that the cement board does not give way to the deck's expansion/contraction. Maybe put down two overlapping layers of cement board...
Comment: If you get a permit and follow the manufacturer's guidance exactly, you should not have any issues. Note that with this product you're not installing onto the decking boards, it installs directly to the joists. Unless the polymer grids twist significantly, the tile or stone above should be fine. Manufacturers with certified products have rigorous use case testing that helps inform their installation guidance.
Comment: This question doesn't fit our Q&A format well. It's too broad and open-ended. Please see https://diy.stackexchange.com/help/dont-ask and take the [tour].
Answer: To install in an unconditioned space over outdoor wood, you will need two things and these aren't really negotiable - although you can certainly choose your "manufacturer".

You will need cement board installed to specifications on the deck floor.   Depending on your deck screwing these down will probably be OK but there could be a requirement of using mortar then screw - that will be messy to get that level... in both senses.  It may also need gapping to account for wood movement.

You will certainly need a membrane like Ditra that spans the area.   There are a few manufacturers that make membranes for these applications, I have only used Ditra (kerdi).   You will need to mortar between concrete board and membrane for sure.

The other option is to install pure vinyl (rubber) click lock planks or squares.   Some of these high end ones come really really close to looking like tile.   And for a deck they might not be as slippery when wet and will probably be much more comfortable without the grout maintenance (that's if you don't have cracking issues).  You are probably laying down some plywood here but that's a simple job.  Only hard part here is trimming the outside so it looks good.
Either way - tile or fake tile - the biggest issue with doing a flooring like this on a deck is "where does the water go.   If you get the slope wrong or don't provide drainage tiles it is a really hard process to go back and fix it without ripping a lot of finished things out.

How would I add tile to a raised deck?


How to make directshow an OpenMAX compliant

Question: Can anybody please tell me how can i make directshow an OpenMAX compliant ? If i use directshow then it will not provide me the media infrastructure portability. I have to do something in the integration layer of openMAX this thing i know!! please provided any source which can help.
Answer: Maybe this is a start? It is a draft about integrating DirectShow filters in OpenMAX.


Not showing Test code coverage on developer console

Question: I ran the test classes from developer console but it didnt not show me the lines which are covered. Whenever we run the test classes in developer console it highlights the the lines which are covered and which are not covered in different colors. I cleared test data,Compiled all classes and then again ran test classes but it didnt work. In Code Coverage menu i am just getting one option that is 'None'. Please suggest..
Comment: In case someone ends up here after Winter 16 upgrade - with Winter 16, there is a known issue that means you need to run the tests with the new "always run tests asynchronously" checkbox set to true in order to see code coverage...
Comment: I believe sometimes it has glitches. You can try using mavenmate's plugin for sublime to run tests there, looks like mavenmate's test execution always shows coverage correctly
Comment: @Patlatus could you provide steps or may be help link of how to use it? Is it for IDE .. Thanks
Comment: Download and install MavensMate, then from within Sublime Text click `MavensMate > Unit Testing > Show Apex Code Coverage For This Apex Class`
Comment: Force.com IDE for Eclipse - run all tests will also give you code coverage
Comment: Thanks @BritishBoyinDC, I had same issue and fix provided worked and saved lot of time
Comment: I provided one solution at https://salesforce.stackexchange.com/questions/88511/not-showing-test-code-coverage-on-developer-console/332433#332433
Answer: Go to the 'Apex Test Execution'and in option select list deselect the 'Store Only Aggregated Code Coverage' checkbox.
Answer: It appears that in latest Winter 2016 upgrade a bug was introduced where code coverage line highlights are missing from the Salesforce Developer Console

You can get them back by selecting the 'Test > Always Run Asynchronously' checkbox and re-running your test.
Answer: Make sure that your test class is covering the targeted class for which you have written the unit test methods.
none in top left dropdown is only displayed if there is no test method associated with the class which you have opened in dev console.
Comment: i ran the same test methods in eclipse, it was covering that class.
Answer: For my case, for it to calculate, I had to launch the test class via build > Develop >Apex Test Execution. Then from the same screen, click on the developer console button.
Answer: The following solved the problem for me I hope it helps you as well:

Try to create a test suits in eclipse by going to: File > New > Apex
Test Suite
The "Create New Apex Test Suite" pop-up window should open up
Now select the project you are working on
In the text input box that is labeled "Apex Test Suite Properties",
insert an arbitrary name for your test suite
Click on Next and from the list of classes, select all the test
classes that you need to run together (it can be just one class)
Click Finish
Now from "Run" menu select "Run Configurations" and the window will
pop up
You should see three tabs called "Project", "Test", and "Common",
select "Test"
now in the Test tab under "Select one or more test suites" section
click on "Use suite" checkbox
you should see the name of the test suite you just created (there
might be other test suites there)
click on the checkbox next to the name of the test suite that you
created and want to run
Finnaly click on "Apply" then click on "Run", and it will run the
test suite and now you should see the test coverage and results in
the "Apex Test Results" tab (I'm assuming you already know how to
access this tab)
Answer: The following solved this for me.
I had created some test accounts but forgot to match the name to my query used in creating the controller. It took a while to spot that I wasn't creating the controller and, therefore, not testing my class.
Account a1;
List<Account> lstAccs = [select id,name Account where name = 'A test account'];
List<Account> result = new List<Account>();
if (lstAccs .size()>0){
   a1 = lstAccs [0];
   ApexPages.StandardController theCont = new ApexPages.StandardController(a1);
   myExtControllerClass theContExt = new myExtControllerClass (theCont);
   result = myExtControllerClass.getResultOrSomeSuchMethod();
}

If I hadn't also created the account in setup, it wouldn't calculate any code coverage.
Account anAcc1 = new Account(name='A test account');

Answer: Try recompiling all Apex classes.
If an Apex class is deleted (such as by someone else doing code cleanup) but the deleted class is still referenced by some other class, then Salesforce will not give you code coverage no matter what settings you toggle. Compiling all classes from the "Apex Classes" page in Setup can help you spot broken references like this. The compilation would fail and state which classes need fixed.
Just to be safe, I cleared the test execution cache after I got the compilation to succeed. After that, I was able to get code coverage again.


Big Data Regression Coefficient Estimation

Question: I am working on a very large data set (n = 6.5 million) and I am trying to come up with a simple linear regression between two variables. I am working in R and using a monte carlo style simulation to estimate the true intercept and slope. I take a sample of 1000 and run the regression and store the corresponding beta0 and beta1 into vectors, and repeat this process 10,000 times. I am doing it this way because the data set is too large for me to effectively identify points as being outliers, etc. My question; When I do histograms of the 10,000 beta0's and beta1's, the distribution has a very distinct bimodal shape (one large peak, and a smaller peak). What does this tell me about my data and the relationship between the two variables? Can I assume the 'true' coefficients lie in the center of each of the bigger peaks?
Answer: This might mean that there is not a single relationship between the two variables, and that subsets of the data follow different relationships, ie. that the true model is a mixture.


Why am I not able to upload images with my question and other formating which are there in other stackexchange sites like latex

Question: I am not able to include(upload) images while asking questions why is this?
Comment: Does the "image" button above the text box not work, or is it not showing up at all?
Comment: I was able to upload an image for both a question and answer logged in as myself and anonymously.
Answer:
Latex support shouldn't be required here, should it?
To upload images, click the image toolbar button on the toolbar or press ctrl+g


Can any Android apps log my clipboard and upload it to their server without my permission?

Question: Everyday we copy paste texts that are sometime very important and we don't want anyone to see that. Can any Android app log our clipboard and upload it to their server without my permission?
I have checked settings to disable permission of an app that provides clipboard service but I didn't see any permission about it.
Answer: Asking this question is like asking whether apps that you install on windows can hack you. The answer is that while the answer is supposed to be no, in reality it is a resounding yes. Somewhere in the world, there is going to be at least one hacker who can exploit Android's local AV systems. It's called spyware. So while it is SAFER to stick with the google play store, if you are concerned about this I would recommend installing a secure AV or switching to a more secure OS. And even then, you are never going to be ENTIRELY safe from spyware attacks.


How to concatenate two IEnumerable into a new IEnumerable?

Question: I have two instances of IEnumerable<T> (with the same T). I want a new instance of IEnumerable<T> which is the concatenation of both.
Is there a built-in method in .NET to do that or do I have to write it myself?
Comment: You might want to bookmark http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/101-LINQ-Samples-3fb9811b.
Comment: related, if it helps: [Elegant way to combine multiple collections of elements?](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4493858/elegant-way-to-combine-multiple-collections-of-elements)
Answer: Yes, LINQ to Objects supports this with Enumerable.Concat:
var together = first.Concat(second);

NB: Should first or second be null you would receive a ArgumentNullException.  To avoid this & treat nulls as you would an empty set, use the null coalescing operator like so:
var together = (first ?? Enumerable.Empty<string>()).Concat(second ?? Enumerable.Empty<string>()); //amending `<string>` to the appropriate type

Comment: @SamuelRossille Also don't forget that the names of actions you want to perform are likely close if not exactly called what you are after. Always browse IntelliSense, you learn a lot.
Comment: Just a quick note. It is required to import `using System.Linq`  namespace at the top of code file to see the desired extension method in the IDE intellisense.
Comment: @user2934433: Nope, that's absolutely fine.
Comment: Is it bad to do second = first.Concat(second) ? will we have any concurrency issues?
Comment: I always forget looking up extension methods, tx.
Answer: The Concat method will return an object which implements IEnumerable<T> by returning an object (call it Cat) whose enumerator will attempt to use the two passed-in enumerable items (call them A and B) in sequence.  If the passed-in enumerables represent sequences which will not change during the lifetime of Cat, and which can be read from without side-effects, then Cat may be used directly.  Otherwise, it may be a good idea to call ToList() on Cat and use the resulting List<T> (which will represent a snapshot of the contents of A and B).
Some enumerables take a snapshot when enumeration begins, and will return data from that snapshot if the collection is modified during enumeration.  If B is such an enumerable, then any change to B which occurs before Cat has reached the end of A will show up in Cat's enumeration, but changes which occur after that will not.  Such semantics may likely be confusing; taking a snapshot of Cat can avoid such issues.
Answer: I know this is a relatively old post, but if you wanted to concatenate multiple IEnumerable's, I use the following
var joinedSel = new[] { first, second, third }.Where(x => x != null).SelectMany(x => x);

This eliminates any null IEnumerable's and allows for multiple concatenations.
Answer: You can use below  code for your solution:-
public void Linq94()
{
    int[] numbersA = { 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 };
    int[] numbersB = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 8 };

    var allNumbers = numbersA.Concat(numbersB);

    Console.WriteLine("All numbers from both arrays:");
    foreach (var n in allNumbers)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(n);
    }
}

Answer: Based off of craig1231's answer, I've created some extension methods...
    public static IEnumerable<T> JoinLists<T>(this IEnumerable<T> list1, IEnumerable<T> list2)
    {
        var joined = new[] { list1, list2 }.Where(x => x != null).SelectMany(x => x);
        return joined ?? Enumerable.Empty<T>();
    }
    public static IEnumerable<T> JoinLists<T>(this IEnumerable<T> list1, IEnumerable<T> list2, IEnumerable<T> list3)
    {
        var joined = new[] { list1, list2, list3 }.Where(x => x != null).SelectMany(x => x);
        return joined ?? Enumerable.Empty<T>();
    }
    public static IEnumerable<T> JoinMany<T>(params IEnumerable<T>[] array)
    {
        var final = array.Where(x => x != null).SelectMany(x => x);
        return final ?? Enumerable.Empty<T>();
    }

Answer: In the meantime C#12 introduced the spread operator "..". You you can apply that on any IEnumerable easily
IEnumerable<int> enumerableA = [1,2];
IEnumerable<int> enumerableB = [3,4];
IEnumerable<int> merged = [ ..enumerableA, ..enumerableB ];

see: C#12 Collection Expressions
Answer: // The answer that I was looking for when searching
public void Answer()
{
    IEnumerable<YourClass> first = this.GetFirstIEnumerableList();
    // Assign to empty list so we can use later
    IEnumerable<YourClass> second = new List<YourClass>();

    if (IwantToUseSecondList)
    {
        second = this.GetSecondIEnumerableList();
    }
    IEnumerable<SchemapassgruppData> concatedList = first.Concat(second);
}

Comment: This appears to be just a repeat of the existing answers.


How to hide a row when a column has been editied.

Question: I have a inventory list that staff will be able to view and make requests for those items. I have a "person or group" column in the inventory list that the user will add their name when making a request. How can I hide that item row or prevent other from making requests on the same item with a formula?
Answer: Create a default view that only shows inventory items where Person field is blank. this way when someone goes in and adds their name to an item, it disappears from the view.
Comment: I have created a new view, but I am confused on how I would display the list of items and hide them when someone enters their name. Does it require a formula column?
Comment: @wisenhiemer In your new view, set up a filter to only show items where Person field is blank. These means that users will only be able to see unfilled inventory items. The second someone enters their name into these items, since the person field is no longer blank....it won't show on the view (effectively hiding them).
Answer: There is a column setting called "Enforce unique values" that only allows one item to have specific data in the list.
For example if you apply this to a people picker column in a list you can only have one item in that list with your name. When users add other items and choose your name they will be notified that that value was already used.
This option is available on other types of columns such as choice menu to choose from.
This does not hide but it limits new data to be duplicated in a list if used correctly.
Comment: This won't work in the case where you try to assign same name to different items. OP is instead looking to prevent different names for the same item.


Cn1 virtual keyboard ios "done" button and toolbar dissappears.

Question: I have a multiline text area at the bottom of the screen. When pressed, the virtual keyboard opens. How do I remove the "done" button at the top right of the keyboard on ios and when the keyboard opens, the entire layout shifts up making the toolbar dissappear, how do I stop this. I tried changing the ios.keyboardOpen flag to both true and false and nothing changes.
Answer: You can use the hint iosHideToolbar by doing this to your text field:
myTextField.putClientProperty("iosHideToolbar", Boolean.TRUE);


processing between sequential executions

Question: Regarding real quantum computers of IBM, can one execute a circuit that contains measurements and afterwards get counts and then, based on the results of measurements (from counts), decide if to build circuit A or circuit B that will be executed on the same quantum register with init_qubits=False and with use of rep_delay parameter, so that the chosen circuit, A or B will run on the quantum register with output state of the first circuit?
Answer: Currently (Feb 2021), no. The run/measure/condition/run loop needs to be handled on user-side and it is not possible to preserve the state of quantum register among runs.
However checkout the IBM Quantum Development Roadmap:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=154&v=bp7UFdtwdTw
Jay Gambetta explains that in 2021 IBM will launch the Quantum Runtime. By bringing together classical and quantum computation on the server-side you should be able to run a Quantum Program that contains a similar logic to the one you are describing. However, you are interested in continuing a computation without reseting the quantum registers.
In 3:32 of the same video, Jay describes Dynamic Circuits. That's much closer to what you are searching for. Circuit with branching in them. They are planned for 2022.
If you prefer reading over a video, here is the roadmap as a blog post: https://www.ibm.com/blogs/research/2021/02/quantum-development-roadmap/
If you are curious about how a Quantum Program might look like, check the OpenQASM3 specification draft: https://qiskit.github.io/openqasm/
Update (Feb 2021): In the direction towards dynamic circuit (and a positive answer to your question), today is possible to do mid-circuit measurements in the IBMQ backends.
Here, an example:
from qiskit import *

provider = IBMQ.load_account()
backend = provider.get_backend('ibmqx2')

circuit = QuantumCircuit(1,2)
circuit.h(0)
circuit.measure(0,0)
circuit.x(0)
circuit.measure(0,1)

display(circuit.draw('mpl'))

result = execute(circuit, backend).result()
visualization.plot_histogram(result.get_counts())

This allows you to continue the execution after measurement. Consider that the first measurement colapses the superposition to either 0 or 1. The X gate flips that first result and then it is saved in the second classical bit.
Comment: the user-server-user cycle is way too long relative to the decoherence time. Decoherence destroys everything. The challenge is to bring CPU/QPU very closely (as is planned in the roadmap for 2022) to be able to classically compute inside the decoherence window.
Comment: Thanks a lot. But it sounds like it can be done now, but as you wrote, on the user side? And I wonder, how it can be done.
Comment: because it is not possible to preserve the state of a quantum register among runs, it is not possible to do that on user-side. I updated the first paragraph to clarify that.
Comment: Thanks, but if I use init_qubits=False for the second circuit with a very small rep_delay parameter value, wouldn't it be possible to preserve the state? or that preserving state between executions is just completely impossible?


Similarity of unitary matrix

Question: How to check if two 2x2 unitary matrices are similar using python..Is there a speacial function for it
Answer: I don't quite know if there is a thing in Python for this, but two $2\times 2$ matrices (not necessarily in $U(2)$) are similar if and only if all of the following hold:

$\operatorname{tr} A=\operatorname{tr} B$
$\det A=\det B$
one of the following holds:

$\operatorname{tr}^2 A-4\det A\ne 0$
$\operatorname{tr}^2 A-4\det A=0$ and $A=\frac{\operatorname{tr A}}2I=B$
$\operatorname{tr}^2 A-4\det A=0$, $A\ne \frac{\operatorname{tr A}}2I$ and $B\ne \frac{\operatorname{tr A}}2I$

It must be noted, however, that since unitary matrices are always diagonalizable, $A,B\in U(2)$ together with $(1)\land(2)$ already imply $(3)$.
Comment: So if I have two matrices in SU(2) is condition 1 sufficient to prove they are similar? Also does two similar matrix always diagonalize to the same diagonal matrix .
Comment: Yes to both claims.
Comment: Thanks Saucy O'Path

Similarity of unitary matrix


How does a string thickness affect the frequency of its harmonics?

Question: The harmonics of a theoretically infinitely small diameter string are pure integer multiples of the fundamental frequency. However, a real string has a thickness, and when vibrating in a harmonic, the additional node or nodes should be taken into account when considering the string's length. This should mean that higher harmonics  would have frequencies higher than the corresponding integer multiple of the fundamental frequency.
What is the formula that allows for this calculation, and what effect might it have on the quality of the sound an instrument might produce?
Comment: Please, improve your question. How do you link "extra-nodes" to the finite thickness of the string? The nodes you see in an oscillation depends on the modes of the structure you're exciting
Answer: Generally you try to excite many harmonics when you play an instrument. You can see this by the fact that a piano hammers the strings near the end. Likewise a guitar or violin.
The strings do not deviate very far from straight as they vibrate. A guitar string might be a couple feet long, and the maximum sideways motion might be $0.1$ inch. This means the string curves as it vibrates, but the curvature is very shallow.
A strongly curved string might vibrate in complex ways because the outside of the curve is more stretched than the inside. The thickness of the string would make this effect bigger. But a gently curved string is like an ideal spring. Very little extra harmonics would be expected because of the thickness.
Answer: The ideal string has:
$$ f_n = nf_0 $$
for the $n$-th harmonic.
Including a finite thickness modifies that to:
$$ f_n = nf_0\sqrt{1+Bn^2}\big(1+\frac 2{pi}\sqrt B
+ \frac 4{\pi} B\big) $$
with
$$B = \frac{EAK^2}{TL^2} $$
$E$ is the modulus of elasticity. $A=\pi r^2$ is cross section area, and $K=r/2$ is the radius of gyration. $r, T, L$ are the usual suspects.
I think this is responsible for deviations in the "ideal piano tuning" plot:


What is the significance of Matthew starting with the names of the ancestors of Jesus?

Question: The Gospel of Matthew starts by stating the names of ancestors of Jesus Christ. Does that have any significance other than to establish that Jesus was a descendant of King David?
Comment: Related: [Why Does Matthew not give Jesus Christ's genealogy from Adam?](http://christianity.stackexchange.com/q/41395)
Answer: There are several lessons to be drawn from this genealogy.  One of my personal favorites is the four women mentioned: Tamar, Rahab, Ruth, and Mary.  Each of these women's stories is mentioned in Scripture, and each has a less than stellar reputation.
To wit:

Tamar played the part of a prostitute, and got her father-in-law to impregnante her, although she was justified in doing so.
Rahab was a prostitute, and says as much.
Ruth was at very least very, very forward with Boaz.  When she "uncovers his feet," there is at least the possibility of reading the euphemistic idea of feet as saying that Ruth seduced Boaz by sleeping with him.
Mary was pure, but to the outside world, she looked like an unwed mother.

Even beyond the women, Jesus takes the good and the bad. Yes, David was good and Solomon was wise - but Manesseh's evil was equally on display. Being God, it is not just "an accident of nature." God chose each and every one of these - good and bad alike - to be his forefathers and foremothers. He came to seek and save everyone. He came to seek and save the lost.
Here's the idea - these were not all the pure Queens and noble Kings that the world looks upon.  Prompted by the Holy Spirit, Matthew included some awfully shady seeming characters.  Why? Because the God who became Man came for precisely this kind of person!  Jesus was a King - he was descended from David. But he was not aloof. He came to seek and save even people like this!
Comment: One of these days ill remember not to do this from memory!  Thank you.
Comment: Don't you mean Ruth was forward with _Boaz_?  Especially since Obed was the name of their **son**...
Comment: These women were included in the genealogy so that when a Jew reads about the virgin birth of Jesus through Mary by the Holy Spirit, they might not necessarily believe, but at least respect Mary as a Matriarch.
Answer: In a lecture before the Biblical Archaeology Society, Anthropologist Dr. Richard Rohrbaugh explains the significance of Geneologies. He explains that this establishes the reputation and credentials for Jesus.  I have transcribed some relevant excepts of this lecture below:

Now, The Baltic Culture Continent that you and I live in, anthropologist call a "Guilt Culture". ...the Mediterranean Culture Continent both today and in antiquity is what anthropologists call an "Honor-Shame Culture".
...
Honor is relatively simple actually to understand. Honor is your standing in the pecking order of the village, together with the public recognition of that.  There is no such thing as claiming honor that the village does not recognize. To claim honor that the village does not recognize is to be uppity; brash; a braggart; a fool. Honor is public reputation in the village and everybody in the village knows exactly where you stand in the pecking order. The reason for that is there are two primary ways in which you can get your honor rating or ranking in a village. ...
The overwhelming way in which you get your honor rating is from your birth. It's what anthropologist call "ascribed honor." It's the honor that you get the day you pop out of the womb. It's the honor that you and every member of your extended family has - male and female - everybody in your family has, has always had, and always will have. That kind of Ascribed Honor means that if you are born in a very high family, you have a high honor ranking. If you are born a low-life, you have a low honor ranking and you're probably going to have a till the day you die. So the overwhelming way in which you get your honor is from the family of your birth. Do you now understand why genealogies are so important in the Bible? Genealogies indicate in writing what a village knows orally. Namely, the family you were born in and hence the on a ranking you have.
...
Genealogies are, if you will, a kind of a map for the whole community - describing exactly where in the scheme of things you fit. Among non-literate people (which in antiquity was about ninety-six percent of the population); among non-literate people genealogies would be very short. Only upper class wealthy people have written genealogies. And you understand that the longer the genealogy, the better? Because it means you're from old money not new money. You understand?
...What I find interesting is the genealogy in Luke - It goes all the way back to "son of seth, son of Adam, son of God". That is, it traces it to the beginning. That's the longest genealogy possible. Do you understand that in honor claim is being made? In fact we know from Roman texts that people in the Roman world who did become newly rich and wanted to move up the social ladder hired genealogists to create fictive genealogies for themselves and there were a few stars in the pantheon of Roman ancestors they all wanted to be associated with. For a fee, you could get that association. Now you have the map that tells everybody where you fit in the pecking order of things and that had an enormous impact on your life.
I'm going to show you some slides in a minute of some ancient text that describe the fact that your honor ranking determine who ate with whom, who could marry whom, who spoke to whom, who listened to whom.  It determined who would speak first in a conversation. It determined who would marry whom and who would do business with whom. In fact it determined most of the social patterns of your life. It's therefore critically important that everybody in the village know exactly where you stand - because it provides the road map for how you and I are going to interact with each other.
...
Jesus comes from a no-account little village. He's a village – a τέκτων (tektón) he is called in the Greek. We translate it carpenter – it could be a worker in metal, stone, or wood. I don't have time today but to show you just how low on the social scale that really is - It's very near the bottom. People like that don't get up and talk in public. So when Jesus does, It confuses everybody. In the Middle-East they expect somebody born of a great family to be great. You're born of a low family you're going to be no-account. What does not compute in their social compass is somebody born to a low-life family who turns out to be great. How do you explain that?
Well of course what Matthew and Luke do to explain it is they give us these very elaborate birth stories in which they try to tell us that God was somehow unusually involved in this birth. Otherwise there could be no expectation that anybody would listen to Jesus. What do his opponents do in the twentieth chapter of Luke? They say, "Who gives you the authority to speak like this?" Note that they didn't say, "Did you have this authority from your birth?" They know that's not true. "Who gave you this authority?" Their assumption is somebody had to have acquired the honor from somebody who recognized it because all honor has to be publicly recognized.
Answer: The Gospel of Matthew begins, "The book of the generation of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham."
Thus, this is what is intended to immediately capture the reader's attention. And, why is this?
To Abraham, God said (Gen. 22:18),

And all the nations of the earth shall be blessed in your seed because you obeyed My voice.

The seed of Avraham in which all the nations of the earth would be blessed was Jesus Christ (Acts 3:25-26; Gal. 3:16).
To David, God said (Ps. 132:11),

...Of the fruit of your body will I set upon your throne.

The fruit of David's loins was Jesus Christ (Acts 2:30).
Therefore, Matthew intends to establish the fulfillment of God's promises to Abraham and David, thereby declaring that Jesus is the Christ (Messiah).
Answer: A Jewish individual reading the phrase "son of David, the son of Abraham" would automatically recall the powerful biblical narratives related to Abraham's sacrifice of Isaac on Mount Moriah and the construction of the Temple in Jerusalem on this same mountain. The episode of Isaac's sacrifice is depicted in the Book of Genesis, chapter 22, where Abraham demonstrates deep faith by being willing to sacrifice his son as an act of obedience to God.
Genesis 22:1-2 King James Version

And it came to pass after these things, that God did tempt Abraham, and said unto him, Abraham: and he said, Behold, here I am. And he said, Take now thy son, thine only son Isaac, whom thou lovest, and get thee into the land of Moriah; and offer him there for a burnt offering upon one of the mountains which I will tell thee of.

The reference to "son of David" alludes to a royal and messianic lineage, directly connecting to King David, whose story and descendants are extensively outlined in the Bible, including God's promises to David regarding the construction of a temple:
1 Chronicles 21:28 King James Version

At that time when David saw that the Lord had answered him in the threshingfloor of Ornan the Jebusite, then he sacrificed there.

2 Chronicles 3:1 King James Version

Then Solomon began to build the house of the Lord at Jerusalem in mount Moriah, where the Lord appeared unto David his father, in the place that David had prepared in the threshingfloor of Ornan the Jebusite.

2 Samuel 7:12-13 King James Version

And when thy days be fulfilled, and thou shalt sleep with thy fathers, I will set up thy seed after thee, which shall proceed out of thy bowels, and I will establish his kingdom. He shall build an house for my name, and I will stablish the throne of his kingdom for ever.

2 Samuel 24:18 King James Version

And Gad came that day to David, and said unto him, Go up, rear an altar unto the Lord in the threshingfloor of Araunah the Jebusite.

The mention of Mount Moriah as the location for both events, the sacrifice of Isaac and the future construction of the Temple, adds to the symbolic and spiritual depth for a Jewish reader. This mountain becomes a sacred place, marked by crucial events in the history of the Jewish faith. The connection between Abraham and David through this expression resonates with divine promises and the continuity of the messianic lineage.
Therefore, upon encountering this phrase, a Jewish individual is likely to feel a special reverence and a deep connection to the fundamental historical and spiritual roots of their tradition, remembering Abraham's faith, David's promises, and the transcendental importance of Mount Moriah in the history of the Jewish people.


Term for spelling out letters with your body

Question: Is there a term for people spelling out a name or some other word with their bodies (e.g. YMCA), usually for the purposes of a fun photo? This is similar to sign language but uses the whole body with arms and legs.
Comment: I thought [_semaphore_](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_semaphore), but discovered I was wrong. It involves flags.
Comment: @sarah - Actually, semaphore uses the position of the arms, the flags are just to make it more visible from a distance. A fine example is in Authur Ransome's "Missee Lee".
Answer: As far as I remember, it's called Acrobatic Alphabet.

N.B.: After some googling, I've found the term Human Alphabet. You can check out the results from this link.
Comment: @Kris Why would you edit your answer to include someone else's answer?
Comment: *Acrobatic Alphabet* seems more appropriate, though it has a limited scope. Probably it is what the OP asked, in fact.  Thanks, I'll edit my answer to include this.
Comment: @onomatomaniak Certainly, to indicate the correction and to point to the source.
Comment: thanks .. i just wanted the right search terms for some ideas for 'H' shapes, but had no idea what to google!
Comment: @wim Looks like you need a partner for the "H" though :)
Comment: @Matt and also for D.  And while not shown in Mehper's graphic the more legible variant of W returned by Google is also a two person character.
Answer: formation
Santas in Star Formation: Schoolchildren dressed as Santa Claus form the shape of a star ahead of Christmas celebrations ... [Source: Reuters Date:12/28/2011]

In various contexts not limited to using the human body alone, this pattern is commonly known as a formation. We usually see aircraft flying in formation.
Formation flying is the disciplined flight of two or more aircraft ...
In civil aviation, formation flying is performed at air shows and is also flown for recreation.
Formation skydiving is the art of building formations in free-fall with multiple people gripping each others' limbs or specially built "grippers" on their jumpsuits.
A V formation (sometimes called a skein) is the symmetric V-shaped flight formation of flights of geese, ducks, and other migratory birds. V formations are also used on military flight missions.
Crop circles are also referred to as crop formations, because they are not always circular in shape.
In association football, the formation describes how the players in a team are positioned on the pitch.
Formation dance is a style of ballroom dancing. It is pattern or shadow team dancing by couples in a formation team.

[EDIT-1: As suggested by @Mehper C. Palavuzlar]
Acrobatic Alphabet / Human Alphabet may be more appropriate depending on the OP's question.
Alphabet Recreation has all the alphabet formations in photographs.


Best opensource/ free stacking software for mac for astrophotography

Question: I am using snow leopard and mainly want it to automate the stacking as much as possible. I have seen that PixInSight looks pretty awesome, but that's not free, in-fact far from it, so I want something that is free that can do the same, or as much as possible.
Comment: I wonder if you'd have better luck with your question if terms like "Astrophotography" or "Star Trails" (if that's what you're up to) appeared in your question's title. "Stacking" is used for several different techniques. In fact, I had assumed you would be asking about focus stacking.
Comment: Yes stacking for astro photography is what I was wanting it for. I will try to make things clearer with my next post
Answer: Hugin might be your answer. At least it is available for the Mac and handles stacking of images (also into EXR-format), masking and distortion-correction of images. It is not per se meant for astrophotography, so you would have to know what to do.
As for automation (of the aligning) - I put each of my Stacks/Stitches into separate directories and just let a script run over all these directories, applying "autopano" or "align_image_stack" on all files in the directory. You have to check and correct the ready .pto-file afterwards.
Comment: That is exactly what I was after. Thank you and thanks for the tips on usage. That should get me off to a great start
Answer: I've been using StarStaX to stack photos to make star trails. It's features are relatively limited in that it really is specifically for stacking images to create star trails only, but it's easy to use and works well.
Answer: CombineZP should run fine on an Intel Mac (after you get rid of OS/X and install Windows).
Edit: Since a lot of people seem to have missed the point and think this isn't helpful, let me try to put things more directly. I am reasonably certain there is not currently any free (in either sense) software for stacking that runs directly on MacOS and is anywhere close to as good as CombineZP.
I'm relatively OS-agnostic -- I have two Macs (a 24" iMac and a now rather elderly Macbook). For me, choosing between Windows and MacOS is mostly a matter of picking what works better. For stacking, I use CombineZP on a PC. I have not been able to find anything that runs directly on MacOS that produces nearly as good of results, or is nearly as easy to use (for this task). Hugin works quite nicely for stitching panoramas, but stacking isn't really its forte. It can sort of work, but it's semi-painful to use for the job (all the docs and UI are oriented toward stitching panoramas) and even with quite a bit of manual labor, the results from it are still inferior to what CombineZP produces entirely automatically.
Bottom line: A copy of Windows + CombineZP costs less and works better than anything you can get natively for MacOS. Sorry, but that's just how it is.
Comment: @Designer023: I've never tried to run it under a VM, so I can't say much about how well it'll work that way. It's pretty processor intensive, so I would expect it to be on the slow side. At the same time, it's sufficiently automated that in most cases you can load the images you want to stack, click on "all methods" and just go do something else for a few minutes while it does its thing.
Comment: Or you could just run it in Crossover (probably would work).
Comment: When you put it like that it seems to make much more sense. Not having a PC and not wanting to setup a dual boot on my macbook, can I use a virtualPC with not too much trouble, or is it too processer intensive?
Comment: I will try and dig out my old copy of XP and give it a go. I would imagine that it won;t be too much of a strain on VM


big problem to subdivide a face

Question: impossible to subdivide the side that I have selected, there must be double sides, I have tried everything, on the other side of the chest, I can subdivide but on this side, it is impossible, I am leaving you the link of the model, explain me please, Thank You !
Answer: This is an ngon, subdivide will create vertices along its edges but won't cut the face with edges, because Blender can't guess how it is supposed to be divided.
Comment: that's what I had noticed there are sides, on the edges of my faces, but suddenly? how to do ?
Comment: You can subdivide, make the rest of your mesh invisible (Shift H), switch to Vertex Select Mode, join the opposite vertices with J or with the knife tool

big problem to subdivide a face


Persistent storage not working

Question: i made a Ubuntu live usb stick using Lili software. After that i made a partition using Gparted on kali of 3.5GB for persistent storage and renamed it casper-rw. But everytime i reboot the files i save are lost. I mean it boots from start everytime and all old changes are lost.
I want Ubuntu on my 8 GB usb that can save files which are not lost on rebooting. Please help.
Answer: i faced something similar recently.
So, i used gparted to format for USB with FAT32.
Secondly, i used mkusd in order to build up the persistent installation of Xubuntu 17.
I tried other options and tools for persistent storage, but the combination was the one that worked fine.
Regards,
CJ
Comment: You may want to improve your answer by adding a link where to find information about mkusb, https://help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb

Persistent storage not working


Thunderbolt 3 hotplug in linux freezes the UI

Question: I have Lenovo Thinkpad T480s and Think Pad Thunderbolt 3 Dock connected via thunderbolt 3. The docking station has two external monitors connected via display ports. I have installed KDE neon. The docking station and the laptop usually always connected. When I unplug the docking station everything is working fine, but when plug it back the UI freezes and only reboot can help. I believe the problem is somewhere in the graphical stack, because when I switch to virtual console and do the same everything works as expected.
Some logs:
dmesg
xorg.log
Answer: I installed 4.20.6 mainline kernel and everything works as expected.


upload an "image" or "picture", which is the right text to convey?

Question: Working on the feedback form with an image or picture attachment, let me know which is the right text be used?
Comment: For use on the web, it is an image. A picture is what you hang on your wall.
Comment: What is it a picture / image of? What is the context of this question?
Answer: image: mostly related to digital photo. More technical term
picture: can be digital photos , paintings. Less technical term
If you are expecting people to upload their photo,paintings most appropriate will be Picture
If you are expecting people to upload photo of  things ,most appropriate will be Image.
its also depends on context:
Technical Issues , customer feedback etc: use Image
Less Technical like Profile Pics etc: Use Picture
Answer: The bigger question is who is your audience.
In word, Excel, etc; they use the word "Insert Picture". In Adobe Photoshop, where users mostly know the different types of images, uses "Insert Image". So, the answer to your question lies in the audience.


Two bulb fixture with 2 ballasts

Question: I have two T12 Rapid Start ballasts for a two light fixture. I need to change out one ballast because of one ballast was bad. I bought a 1 or 2 bulb ballast and have wired up the bulb different ways but cannot get the second bulb to come on entirely. I have capped off my yellow wires and have used the blue and red wires to wire up the tombstones on my bulb. The bulb lights (barely) and flickers. Any advice on how to get this wired up correctly? The old ballast that was used before is no longer made. So, I crossed it to one that Grainger had said that I could use. Hmmm.
Comment: Was the ballast a rapid-start *before*?  That is to say, were there 2 wires going to each end of each bulb?   If it was previously 1 wire per end, that's an instant-start, and those usually use *shorting* tombstones.   I get the impression you might be matching wire colors... and that will get you in trouble replacing an instant (red one end, blue the other) with a rapid (2 yellows one end, 2 blues or 2 reds the other end).
Comment: Can you post a photo of the wiring instructions on the ballast?
Comment: There is usually a diagram on the ballast follow that exactly if not correctly wired the ballast may be damaged.  If you need to remove some of the wires from one of the tombstones a very small screwdriver or a striped piece of wire from the old ballast can be used to open the stab and remove the wire.  Make sure a good connection is made with the new wire lightly pull back after inserting the stripped wire to make sure it locks.
Comment: The ballast that I replaced was a magnetic rapid start series ballast for one bulb. It was a 120volt T 12 bulb ballast. The new one is an electronic rapid start ballast for either one or two bulbs. I hooked each red wire to each connector on the tombstone at one end then hooked each blue wire to the other end (the bulb has 2 connections at each end) then the hot and neutral wires were attached. I capped each yellow wire with a wire nut since I wasnt using them. I still cannot get the bulb to fully light when the switch is turned on. Any other advice would be greatly appreciated.
Answer: I'm a bit alarmed when I hear you say "capped off my yellow wires".  A few ballasts do give that instruction, but not for 2-bulb use.  I fear you might be matching up wire colors and not following the schematic on the ballast.   Thing is, if the old ballast was instant-start, that will totally backfire. As you can see in these typical schematics, red and blue do quite different things on the two types of ballast.  (ignore the LED one).

These schematics are not universal, only common.  Yours is on the label on the ballast.
When converting instant-start to rapid-start, the other issue is shorting .  The instant-starts only connect 1 wire to each end of the bulb, but it goes to both pins.  This is almost always accomplished with a shorting lampholder (tombstone), which accepts one wire and connects it to both pins.
A shorting lampholder will have 2 holes for wires, but that's for daisy-chaining (as in the red wire above), not for 2 separate wires.  A non-shorting lampholder intended for rapid-start ballasts will have 4 wire holes, 2 for each pin.  The extras are for daisy-chaining, as in the yellow below.
Unless there's a visible wire to remove, there is no way to turn a shorting lampholder into a non-shorting one. You just need to buy replacements.  They are fairly standardized, and I buy mine online for about 60 cents a tombstone.  I buy only non-shorting types, it's easy enough to convert one into shorting with a wire.

Two bulb fixture with 2 ballasts


How can I debug a lack of IO counts printed in Perl DBI's db_error_handler from a Sybase query?

Question: I'm having a fairly strange problem.
It's a bit of an X-Y problem, so I will first describe "X".
Question X: How can I debug DBI internals using Perl?
More specifically, the calls to DBI's db_error_handler. Some of the SQL server callback output is printed (Query plans) 100% of the time, but some (Actual IOs) is ONLY printed when the query returns zero rows (with set statistics io on).

Ultimate problem Y I'm trying to address:
For some reason, my Perl script prints query plans but not actual IOs spent when executing Sybase queries when the query returns a result set; BUT print both query plans AND actual IOs spent when the SAME query returns zero rows.
I have a script that, in essence, does this:
sub DoSql { # Sql execution wrapper
    my ($dbh, $sql) = @_;
    my $sth = $dbh->prepare($sql);
    $sth->execute();
}

# Set up DB connection, with debug printing turned on
my $dbh = CreateDBH(); # Uses DBI and creates Sybase database handle DBI object
$dbh->DoSql("set statistics io on");
$dbh->DoSql("set showplan on");
# Print output from DBH callback
$dbh->{_db_error_handler} = sub { PrettyPrintSybaseDebug($_[6]); }

$dbh->DoSql("SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE ID=100"); # 1 row returned
$dbh->DoSql("SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE ID=987654321"); # zero rows

When executing this script, the first query prints the following Sybase output from db_error_handler:
QUERY PLAN FOR STATEMENT 1 (at line 1).
    STEP 1
        The type of query is SELECT.
         .....
Total estimated I/O cost for statement 1 (at line 1): 80.

BUT the second query prints the following Sybase output (see the last 3 lines added):
QUERY PLAN FOR STATEMENT 1 (at line 1).
    STEP 1
        The type of query is SELECT.
         .....
Total estimated I/O cost for statement 1 (at line 1): 80.

Table: MyTable scan count 1, logical reads: (regular=3 apf=0 total=3), ...
Total actual I/O cost for this command: 6.
Total writes for this command: 0

Please note that when I execute these queries in raw isql, BOTH of them, as expected, print both the plan AND the scan counts per table and actual IOs. Both queries run fine and produce expected results sets (1 row and 0 rows respectively)
What am I doing wrong and how can I debug this? Unfortunately, perl -d doesn't help me, since I can only debug outside $sth->execute(); call and inside the callback.
If it matters, my environment is:

Perl 5.8.0
Solaris 10
Sybase ASE 12.5
DBI version is 1.37
Comment: @bohica - DBD::Sybase 1.00.
Answer: Using DBI trace information can show some more debug info for you: export DBI_TRACE=LEVEL where LEVEL from 1 to 15


how i can set In the sort by options, instead of "Position" please make this say "Best Selling" in magento?

Question: hello friend i want to set sort by options, instead of "Position" please make this say "Best Selling" in product page of magento how this is possible ? please guide me
Comment: do you mean on a search results page? have you tried anything currently?
Comment: no in product list page we have option in magento toolbar sort by "position,name and price" so now i want to change position to best selling and i am try this below code
Answer: If all you need to do is change some text and not the behaviour then the simplest option is to use translation.
In your theme create a locale/en_US folder, or whichever language you are using, and in that create a translate.csv.  For example, if it's the theme default/default then create app/design/frontend/default/default/locale/en_US/translate.csv. Enter the following into it:
"Position","Best Selling"

Clear the cache after saving and you should see the change.
Comment: This is the least obtrusive method.
Answer: The array containing the options for sorting by are built in the class Mage_Catalog_Model_Config
public function getAttributeUsedForSortByArray()
{
    $options = array(
        'position'  => Mage::helper('catalog')->__('Position')
    );
    foreach ($this->getAttributesUsedForSortBy() as $attribute) {
        /* @var $attribute Mage_Eav_Model_Entity_Attribute_Abstract */
        $options[$attribute->getAttributeCode()] = $attribute->getStoreLabel();
    }

    return $options;
}

You could rewrite this class with your own and then override this function and change the text assigned to the 'position' section of the array.
Another option would be to use the setAvailableOrders on the class Mage_Catalog_Block_Product_List_Toolbar and change the array at this point.
If it is just the text that you are wanting to change then maybe the second option would be the easiest. You can then get the available orders, change the text in the array and then set them again.
Answer: Expanding on David Manners's answer, here is a low-impact example of how to override the method in a subclass of Mage_Catalog_Model_Config:
public function getAttributeUsedForSortByArray()
{
    $options = parent::getAttributeUsedForSortByArray();
    $options['position'] = 'My New Label';
    return $options;
}

Comment: The OP would like to rename the option not remove it totally I believe.
Comment: That is an excellent point. :-) I will update my answer. (I wanted to simply remove it, so that's what I had written originally, forgetting OP question.)

how i can set In the sort by options, instead of “Position” please make this say “Best Selling” in magento?


Finding contacts in Marketing Cloud that are no longer in sync with CRM

Question: We have a field in Salesforce CRM that determines if a lead should sync with Marketing Cloud or not. This field however can be updated by users to FALSE which causes the lead to stop being updated in Marketing Cloud. How can we then find those in Marketing Cloud to be deleted? Is there a way to query the last sync date/time for example?
Answer: If you send an email to all the leads then it will be available in All subscriber list. You can use SQL query to compare between all subscriber list & Lead syncronized data extension and get the remaining leads.
But if you don't send an email for some leads then it will only available in Contacts which we don't have the provision to check via SQL Query.
Simplest way is, just import the lead record from salesforce with the respective field set it to 'False' into Marketing cloud data extension.
Enable contact deletion and delete the contacts.
Reference - https://help.salesforce.com/articleView?id=mc_cab_contact_deletion.htm&type=5
Let me know if this helps.
Comment: You could query All Contacts to compare: https://salesforce.stackexchange.com/questions/203937/query-the-all-contacts-table-in-mobile-connect
Answer: Import all your leads into an SFMC Data Extension using an Import Interaction. Useful instructions on how to do this can be found in this Knowledge Base Article. Ensure you include your "SyncToSFMC" field in the configuration(or whatever the name of the field is in Sales Cloud).
You'll end up with a Data Extension in your Root data extension folder containing all your leads that you can now run a query on to determine leads to delete, something like this:
<code>SELECT
    ls.Id
FROM
    MyImportedData i INNER JOIN
    Lead_Salesforce ls
        ON  i.Id = ls.Id
WHERE
    i.SyncToSFMC = 0
</code>


Using a punching bag without stand

Question: I don't have place to hanging a punching bag, so I would like to know if it's good to place a punching bag leaning on the wall and punch it?
Comment: House or apartment?
Answer: It isn't ideal.  I don't think you're going to get much out of it, because part of punching bag training is reacting to the return swing.  Additionally, some of your force will be transferred through the bag into the wall, which could possibly damage the wall if it's dry-wall.  Also, the bag will probably not be the right height to punch without having to compromise your body structure.
You also won't be able to deliver round kicks with your shin, because your foot needs to clear the rear of the bag.  I know you're only asking about punching, but just in case you want to kick, I thought I'd mention it.
There exist free-standing heavy bag stands, if it's the case that you just don't want to hang the bag from the ceiling.  These are usually held in place with weights of the kind that you bench-press on the rear of the stand.
If you just want to punch something, and you aren't concerned with having a swinging target, you have two options:

Buy a kick shield.  Have a friend hold it, or find some way to strap it to a tree.
Punch a tree.  Just don't do it hard, and find a tree with smooth bark.  You won't be able to work your techniques as intensely as with a punching bag, but it is an option.  You may consider wearing hand-wraps for this purpose.
Comment: thank you, may be i have to find a cheap stand to hang it :)
Comment: Or, hey, another handy use for trees: they have branches.  You can hang the punching bag from a sturdy branch with some rope.  Even apartment dwellers can sometimes get away with this, provided there is wooded area around their apartment complex.  Just remember to take it down when you're done :)
Comment: Strapping a kick shield to a tree is a *really* bad idea. Very easy to miss and cause damage, the tree doesn't give way on hard impacts, and you can't really wrap your foot. Lots of easy ways to get injured.
Comment: @JohnP, this is in reference to punching, not kicking.
Comment: Ah. Not quite as bad an idea, I still don't like having a complete unforgiving backdrop, but not as bad as kicking. :)
Answer: I would like to expand on The Wudang Kid's answer in that I found a stand on Amazon for about $100. Alternatively you could also pick up a BOB but those are significantly more expensive, around $270. Should you go the tree route as suggested above I would definitely suggest at minimum hand wraps and nomex gloves and definitely go lighter on the punches. Hope this helps, good luck in your training.
Knowledge source: Muay Thai figher, new jiujitsu practitioner, trained in Taekwondo, Boxing, and Muay Thai for over a decade.

Using a punching bag without stand


How can I go about tracking down DNS queries?

Question: I was looking at the dnsmasq logs on a router I run and noticed that there are requests to a particular url on a regular basis. This was happening while the only client connected to the network was my laptop, and I didn't have my browser or any other client programs open. How can I figure out what process is responsible for these queries?
Answer: I would suggest installing Wireshark (https://www.wireshark.org/) on the laptop. That should allow you to show all packets going in and out of the system and the process responsible for them. That should give you a good place to start, once you know the process running I would suggest killing it via the command line and confirming that the traffic to the router has ceased.
Once that has been done you can do further investigation into the process to see if it is a rogue process etc.
If you post back here with the information you find I'll be happy to help further.
Comment: It seems like the dns queries are going out on transient high ports so by the time I netstat the port is already out of use meaning I can't figure out which process had it. Is there any streaming version of netstat or something similar?


Does coffee consumption cause continuous chest pain?

Question: I drink coffee twice a day for almost a month. Lately, for last few week, I feel chest pain right after drinking coffee. I initially thought that was some gastric related problem. But even after continuing my gastric med for over a week I'm still feeling the pain. And I  must say it doesn't feel like a typical acidity-caused chest pain. Is it caused by coffee, should I stop drinking it?
Comment: I'm voting to close this question as off-topic because it asks for medical advice.
Answer: Similar questions have been answered in Coffee SE several times. So please check these previous questions first. I'm enlisting the most related ones I can think of below:

How many cups of coffee is it safe to consume per day?
What are the side effects of drinking too much coffee?
Can drinking coffee at least once a day increase anxiety?
Coffee on daily basis

Based on these, one can say, regular coffee consumption shouldn't be a problem for a regular healthy person.
Specifically for your question, my humble advice is that you should see a physician. People who are into coffee cannot diagnose others based on coffee consumption habits.
Answer: If you don't have any underlying health issues you may try eating a small cookie or biscuit with your coffee.  It seems to help me.  I think that is why they serve them with coffee in sidewalk cafes (never been but I watch old movies).
Answer: I used to have chest pain and I discovered after going to the doctor that it was actually costochondritis, which is an inflammation of cartilage that was tying my ribs to my muscles. The pain would seem to rotate from place to place.Mayo Clinic has a great page on it here: Costochondritis
I have a tremendous love of coffee myself and if my doctor said "give it up or you're dead", I would promptly reply "I have made peace with my deity". ;-)


blender Python Error - flip fluid is not baking - unknown error

Question: Every thing ok when i try to bake the flip fluid simulation it's come. the error related to addon because without flip fluid added the domain can be baking.
how to fix that?
Answer: You will need to update the FLIP Fluids addon to a more recent version that is compatible with your Blender version. Specifically for Blender 3.0 compatibility, you will need to use FLIP Fluids version 1.2.0 or later.
From the FLIP Fluids addon Installation Troubleshooting:

Baking Error: AttributeError: 'array.array' object has no attribute 'tostring'
If you are receiving this error message in Blender 2.93 or later, this will indicate that there is a compatibility error between your installed FLIP Fluids addon version and installed Blender version. You will need to update your FLIP Fluids addon version to at least v1.0.9b or later. FLIP Fluids version 1.0.9b adds compatibility support for Blender 2.93. FLIP Fluids version 1.2.0 adds compatibility support for Blender 3.0.

Hope this info helps!


How can I format the x axis scale to a logarithmic scale in the android library GraphView?

Question: I want to port a Bode Chart application from PC to Android devices. I found this library (GraphView) to plot in a simply way in Android. The only problem that stop me is that I cannot find a solution to set a logarithmic scale for my graphs. I need it because they're supposed to be in a Bode Chart for the correct plotting.
In the other Java libraries for PC plotting I used simply a method called setDomainAxis and I give to it a NumberAxis or in my case a LogAxis.
I found out a method to set min and max range value but no min and max domain value method founded and no reference in their documentation.
Did someone find a fix, a solution to this scaling problem?
Thanks to anyone in advance.
Answer: This should work out of the box, but you can do the trick yourself with label formatting and feeding in skewed data.
There is a demo on label formatting here:
CustomLabelFormatterActivity
You feed in the logarithmic data, and for the labels you do the corresponding (reverse, I believe) transformation in the setCustomLabelFormatter method for the y axis.
Answer: I made a simple solution using native components to plot a Logarithmic background and plot here, so, no third party library dependencies.
To smooth-out the curves, you can use any available Bezier Curve alogorithm.