What is the term for sleepers (the crusty discharge that forms in the eyes during sleep)?

Question: I cannot find the term to accurately the term for "sleepers". Thank you.
Answer: The proper word for it is
目脂{めやに}
but more common words are:
目糞{めくそ} and 目垢{めあか}
Comment: 目脂 is (much) more common; 目糞 is more slangy/vulgar.
Comment: In my experience, 目糞 is the most common in everyday, informal, speech. I don't know how it is statistically speaking though and I wouldn't use it formally.
Comment: My friends and I mostly use 目脂 in any situation, so it probably depends on the community (influenced by factors like regions, age, etc.). Sorry about sounding assertive.
Comment: No problem, you're not sounding assertive. We all have different experiences, and considering you're a native speaker I trust you more in this case than my limited experience (it's not everyday people talk about 目脂 ;) )


what is the best way to store user created data?

Question: The plan is for users to be able to store locations and have notes and other variables for each location. These locations would later be shown on a map, so I would need to be able to quickly access the data also. I was just wondering what the best way to go about this would be before I try to get things set up with the map api so I don't have to go back and change everything later. Thanks.
Answer: You should store additional user data in wp_usermeta table. For that, use add_user_meta() function. Here's an example of how you can store locations
$location = array('name'   => 'example location name',
                  'street' => 'example street name',
                  'note'   => 'example user note'
                 );
add_user_meta($user_id, 'location', $location);

You can store as many locations as you want. To retrieve the locations use get_user_meta() They will be returned as array of locations.
$locations = get_user_meta($user_id, 'location');
foreach($locations as $location) {
    echo $location['name'];
}

To update a particular location, you can use update_user_meta(). But it's a little tricky as every location will have the same meta_key named location. So, you need to also send the previous meta_value to let Wordpress know exactly which row you want to update. Here's a example to update a location with street name abcd street
foreach($locations as $location) {
    if($location['street'] = 'abcd street') {
        $new_location = array('name'   => 'Modified location',
                              'street' => 'Modified street',
                              'note'   => 'Modified Note'
                             );
        update_user_meta($user_id, 'location', $new_location, $location);
    }
}


Meaning and origin of 'theory' in 'opening theory'

Question: What precisely does 'opening theory' mean? Generally when I see the word 'theory', I'd expect a conceptual move away from the particular towards the universal. That is, I would expect 'opening theory' to refer to a generalizing reasoning about strategic options and dangers implicit in an opening, aiming for the formulation of guidelines and principles. But the way I see it used in the chess world, 'opening theory' seems to pertain to the memorization of particular variations. Is this correct? If so, I find this slightly odd: How did this use of the word come about?
Answer: You are right in your assessment of the usage.
Opening theory refers to particular variations; but also to typical plans specific to the respective openings.
Opening principles (develop pieces, occupy the center...) are of a more general nature applying to all (or most) openings and is closer to what one would consider a "theory".
I don't have a good answer to your question, but in recent years at least there has been a trend away from playing based on opening principles towards  concrete play. So perhaps at one point in time, "opening theory" was a lot more based on principles and less concrete lines!?
Answer: In common usage, "theory" often refers to knowledge gained by someone authoritative and at least somewhat verified by a process of critique and reasonably accepted by experts in the field, which you then study/copy/apply as required to solve a problem. It is sometimes used as a synonym for "book-knowledge", which stands opposed to "practice", where you obtain knowledge through invention/experimentation yourself.
This use of the word makes no distinction about the kind of knowledge so obtained. Both specific variations of an opening, as well as underlying principles and techniques, can be defined as "theory".
Answer: I view it as theory as opposed to practice, where practice is what happens in actual games.
Theory is developed at home, published in books, debated in articles, and so on.
It's also a search for absolute truth (as opposite to practical chances); in particular, it's a quest to find a white advantage -- when full equality for black is proven to be available by force from some position, the theoretical interest in it is over. We already know plenty of ways to get an equal game with white.
A move may lead to an advantage according to the latest theoretical articles but not chosen by grandmasters in actual games because the positions, even if slightly better, are just too hard to play correctly. And on the other hand an opening may be completely uninteresting to opening theory because it clearly leads to an equal position, but there may be so much play left in the position that it's very popular in actual play.
Opening books are often produced as works of theory -- they're attempts to improve on the analysis that's been done before, white strives for an advantage, black for equality, and the analysis goes much deeper than is useful for the average reader. Although the trend nowadays is away from that, towards books that explain and instruct more to help the practical player get better results -- even though theory couldn't care less.
Answer: I think the word theory, in the context of chess, means what is thought to be the best line. It has  a parallel to comparing an experimental result to the theoretical one, the one that's suppose to be correct. Like scientific theories, they are corroborated by a lot of evidence, but sometimes people find a hole and theories are proven wrong. This happened a lot when computers became strong enough to aid professionals in their theoretical work, and many pre computer analysis was shown to be sub-optimal. Of course, it's not all about what computers think, but also what type of positions you like, which line brings the most winning chances... And computers are much weaker in the opening anyways(depending on the position), but they do help to give inspiration and check tactics especially.
Comment: "...to the theoretical one, the one that's suppose to be correct. " I would disagree with this description of a scientific theory. At least in physics, theory does not aim to provide "absolute truth", but rather a model which may or may not apply to the experimental situation. As such, theory is always correct (within the limitations specified).
Comment: Agreed. Just as scientific theories may be useful without being "true," opening theory may be practical without objectively achieving a lasting advantage(gambits for example).


looking to buy a 2000 ford expedition with broken ignition. it doesn"t run but running prior. how do i repair it

Question: Thinking of buying at 2000 ford expedition. The keys where lost to this vehicle. they tried to hammer out ignition causing anti theft light to come on. The vehicle does not run. Before this the vehicle was running. How do i repair this so i can drive it?. obviously the ignition needs replacement. i plan on buying complete column , but do i need to reset anti theft? is this done buy disconnecting battery and sequence of procedures? what would this be? do i need replacement part? what steps need to be taken to ensure that buying parts is done thoroughly as to limit trips? just as easy to return as purchase and less frustration of not being able to have positive outcome.
Comment: You want "*less frustration of not being able to have positive outcome*"? Don't buy someone else's mess. What you are getting into is bound to be challenging, along with some frustration.
Answer: You should probably look for a different truck. It's 17 years old at this point and If the owner was willing to "Hammer out the ignition" to try and start the car... Who knows what else is really wrong with it.
If it's only the lock cylinder that's damaged than replace it and get some new keys from the dealer to minimize problems. If you want to replace the whole column just make sure it's complete (lock cylinder, switch, harness, transceiver and key(s)).
You need to have a EOBD2 or OE scantool with bi-directional controls or the original master keys to program new keys.
Answer: If it was an easy repair, the owner would have done it - considering they were trying a non standard solution then avoid it.
There is a similar question asked recently...:
Can I switch my electronic ignition to one which uses a key?


Xray for JIRA, any working experiences?

Question: In my quest for finding the right test management tool, I ended up with Xray for Jira.
A key requirement was: good integration with Jira.
Xray for Jira didn't pop up by googling around. Somebody recommended it and for sure it looks promising. Beside the reviews at the jira marketplace, I didn't find many published experiences. Hence my question here...
Answer: we are testing Xray for Jira at the moment if it fits our needs. It works quite well. We will have to use the Xporter Extension as well because we want to keep the older versions of tests and the documentation separated from Jira in Confluence. The only bug I came across so far is that it is only possible to a single precondition to a test. It would be more comfortable to have the ability to attach more preconditions. But this can be work-arounded.
Hope this helps!
Bye, Wolfram
Comment: About the single precondition per test. I think that's because of the Gherkin (Cucumber) integration. One `Feature` can contain multiple `Scenarios` (_Tests_) but only one `Background` (_Precondition_). And it's like that for a reason, I think maintainability is a big driver.
Answer: Nick - Xray for JIRA tool is good if you want to get everything paid. If you want to use free then will get very limited feature and also I think will not get real goal for which you want to use tool.
Comment: I'm a little confused about your answer. Our plan is to use the paid version. The pricing is very reasonable compared to other players. I didn't know there is a free version and why would have a different feature set?
Comment: They are providing free trial and paid version. you can get more details at : https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/com.xpandit.plugins.xray
Comment: A free trial is not exactly a free version isn't it. Anyway I'm interested in working experiences, pros and cons. You don't happen to have any?
Answer: We are using XRAY with Jira and its going good.
You can create Test Plans
You can create Test Sets (suites)
You can Create Test Runs/ Test Environments / and Tracebility Matrix and other reports are available in it.
Setup Takes time for the first time but its easy and works well.

Xray for JIRA, any working experiences?


Sniff serial port on Linux

Question: How can I sniff packets communicated through a serial port on Linux?
Comment: If some answers provided answer to your question, you should accept it (http://meta.serverfault.com/questions/1033/how-can-i-accept-answers-to-my-questions)
Answer: There are a few options:

sersniff is a simple program to
tunnel/sniff between 2 serial ports.
Serial to Network Proxy
(ser2net) provides a way for a
user to connect from a network
connection to a serial port.
SerialSpy acts as a serial
pass-through device. It listens for
incoming data on two serial ports and
forwards it so the devices act as if
they are directly connected. It also
logs the data as it moves through the
ports.
sercd is an RFC 2217-compliant serial port redirector. It lets you share a serial port through a network. It is based on sredird. The RFC2217 protocol is an extension to telnet and allows changing communication port parameters.
SerLooK is a KDE application for inspecting data going over serial lines. It can work as a binary terminal that sends and receives data through a defined port (Point to Point mode) and displays them on separate views. Each view can be configured to display data in hexadecimal, decimal, octal, binary, and raw ASCII. It is also possible to perform I/O through terminal emulation views and define a secondary port and monitor the traffic between two external hosts using a "Y" cable (Snooper mode).
nullmodem creates a virtual network of pseudo-terminals. It can be used as an adapter to connect two programs that normally need serial interface cards.
ttywatch monitors, logs, and multiplexes terminal I/O. It has full log rotation built in, and can use telnet as well as local TTY ports.
Serial line sniffer (slsnif) is
a serial port logging utility. It
listens to the specified serial port
and logs all data going through this
port in both directions.
Comment: You can achieve this with standard tools using `socat` and `tee`. 1) `socat -d -d pty,raw,echo=0 pty,raw,echo=0`. The output will give you two ports `...N PTY is /dev/pts/27... N PTY is /dev/pts/28`. 2) `sudo cat /dev/ttyS0 | tee /dev/pts/27` and in another terminal `sudo cat /deb/pts/27 | tee /dev/ttyS0`. Finally 3) Connect your program to `/dev/tty/28`. The two tee commands will dump both directions to the console and forward to/from the actual serial port. Note that the port settings like baudrate must be configured ahead of time.
Comment: You could provide that as another answer. @CharlesB  Explaining why it is better would be nice too.
Comment: You can save the tee stuff to a file, too: `cat /dev/pts/27 | sudo tee /dev/ttyS0 serial-caps` and `xxd` will help if it's a binary protocol: `cat /dev/pts/27 | sudo tee /dev/ttyS0 serial-caps | xxd`.
Comment: @jtpereyda it looks like your 3rd step should be connect program to /dev/ttyS0. e.g. when I connect PUTTY there to /dev/ttyS0 it correctly shows me that output in step 2 while also communicating with the actual embedded board. BTW you have a typo `/deb/pts/27` should be `/dev/pts/27`. Also `cat /deb/pts/27 | tee /dev/ttyS0` should be `cat /dev/pts/27 | sudo tee /dev/ttyS0`
Comment: This answer is very old, please consider interceptty for serial port sniffing
Answer: I tried interceptty (copy at GitHub), and was successful in using it. First I ran it on the port of interest:
interceptty /dev/ttyACM0

Then I connected the program-under-test to the pseudo-terminal /dev/pts/5 that interceptty created.

I tried to use slsnif, but I found that I got an error:
Failed to open a pty: No such file or directory

This mailing list item indicates that slsnif only supports the "legacy" pseudo-terminals (/dev/ttyp0 etc) which are probably not used on current Linux kernels.
Comment: Thanks! Same error here on my embedded device. Then I use `interceptty` and did work!
Comment: How do you know which pseudo-terminal it creates?
Comment: @chwi You can give it a second parameter, which is a name of a "front-device" which is a symlink to the pseudo-terminal it creates.
Comment: Thank you. I found that by default, it creates a /dev/intercepttydummy. I was able to watch traffic back and forth, but the incoming data from the device was only read by interceptty, not my software running pyserial.
Answer: Try using jpnevulator (debian packaged) or slsniff. Note that slsniff uses a deprecated terminal emulation model.

Sniff serial port on Linux


Where is the P2 laboratory in 'Pokemon Black 2'?

Question: Where is the P2 laboratory in Black 2? And any tips on beating the Scientist there?
Comment: If my answer worked for you, you can always accept the answer by clicking the 'tick' on the question above. Doing so will allow the community to know that my answer worked for you so that if they were to face the same problem, they may react accordingly. In addition, both of us will receive some reputation points. A WIN-WIN! :P
Answer:
P2 Laboratory (or P2 Lab) is a small island with a lab on it. It's
  located in South Eastern Unova. The only way to reach it is by going
  West on the Southern half of Route 17, North on Route 18, and East on
  the Northern half of Route 17.
Inside the Lab is a Scientist. If you have a Genesect, the Scientist
  will challenge you to a battle.

TAKE NOTE: The following are the Pokémon that the Scientist will use. There is also a chance of him using an X-Special in the battle.
The Scientist may use an X-Special in this single battle.
Klink ||| Klang
Level: 34
Type: Steel
Ability: Plus or Minus
Hold Item: N/A
<code>      Moves
</code>

Gear Grind
Bind
Charge Beam
Autotomize

After the battle, he'll give you two Drives for Genesect's Techno
  Blast. The drives depends on which version you're playing. Black 2
  gives you the Burn Drive and Shock Drive. White 2 gives you the Chill
  Drive and Douse Drive.
A Dubious Disc can be picked up in the back of the room.

All this with reference to: LINK


What are the differences between the One Piece anime and manga?

Question: Recently I started watching the One Piece anime and noticed some differences in the story line  than were present in the manga, and I was wondering if there was a huge divergence in the anime over the manga like with Black Butler, or more like slight differences in plot like with Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood.
Comment: I believe those are just filler, it doesn't have any significant effect to the main story line
Answer: The anime and manga closely resemble one another.
This is mainly because the mangaka, Eiichiro Oda actually actively participates into the animation process. So whenever they want a filler episode, they will contact Eiichiro Oda for confirmation, and he would either approve or reject it.
I believe the only deviations there were was some part in the beginning of the anime that did not totally follow the manga, and ace's tattoo. Which later on got adapted in the manga as well, so not sure how much that would count as a difference.
Answer: Well the one piece manga is the skeleton of one piece anime so there are some add ups in anime to make in more realistic and entertaining to the audience by modifying some of the portions of manga and the main difference between them is the approach of conveying the story to the readers and anime watchers .
Answer: The anime has lots of filler in between pages or they drag some parts out. The anime also has entire filler arcs that are not in the manga but they don't affect the overall story of one piece. I have not watched black butler or full metal alchemist so I can't compare them to one piece. I do know that it is still in the same place the manga is but just an arc behind. I know that the anime might leave false impressions in some places, for example when Luffy fought Doflamingo the anime made it look like king Kong gun had a hard time beating Doflamingo but in the manga it crushed him. Not worth to being caught up and watching one episode a week in my opinion but it is worth watching for the fights because animated fights are always better than looking at pictures.


How to execute Terminal command using selected text?

Question: I want to bind a shortcut to run a command in Terminal with text that I selected while web browsing. How could I do this?
Answer: You can achieve this by making an automator workflow and saving it as a service.
Open Automator.app, choose to make a Service.
In the top menu set "Service receives selected" to "text" in "any application".
From the Actions, Library menu search for "Get Value of Variable" and drag to the right in the workflow area.  Again in the Actions, Library search for "Run AppleScript" and drag to the workflow area.
In the "Run AppleScript" action enter the flowing code:
<code>on run {input, parameters}

    set terminalCommand to item 1 of input

    tell application "Terminal"
        activate
        do script terminalCommand
    end tell

    return input
end run
</code>
Add a variable by clicking on the little double bar icon at the bottom of the window and then right-clicking in the variables frame to create a new variable.  Name your variable anything you like.  When your done your workflow should look like below.  Save it and name it something like "Run in Terminal".  Now when your in a web browser you can right click and navigate to Services and you will see your "Run in Terminal" command, which will open up terminal and run the highlighted text.
Comment: For anyone else who's just done this and would like to test it, here's an arbitrarily complicated terminal expression that prints the number of items in your home directory: `python -c "print(len(\"\"\"$(ls -A)\"\"\".split()))"`
Answer: You might find PopClip very handy. There's an extension to do just that called Terminal.
Check it out. It's a great simple and useful app. They have several extensions for quite useful shortcuts. Here it is in the Mac App Store.


Appropriate statistical test for a student lab?

Question: I am a HS Bio teacher and doing a microevolution lab involving candy. Essentially students use four candy types and push them together until one cracks (Nat Sel). They also do simulations of migration, mutation and genetic drift. They then calculate the "allele frequency" of each type per generation and look for changes. I want to have my students do a simple statistical test to see whether the change was significant or not from each evolutionary factor. I was going to do a chi square test, but someone told me that is not appropriate to this type of experiment.
So, can anyone confirm, is chi square inappropriate, and if it is..
Can anyone point me to a more appropriate test. These are high school kids with no stats background (and I have forgotten virtually all the stats I learned 20 years ago)...
Comment: It seems that you're looking for one test that would fit all situations encountered in evolutionary biology. This obviously does not exist. You should provide more information about what you want to test and describe the kind of data you have. And then, I am afraid the question might be off-topic as it is about statistics and not about biology. You may want to try to ask your question on [crossvalidated.SE](http://stats.stackexchange.com)
Comment: You may have a point on the off topic bit, though I've already started, so.... :)   To clarify the lab a bit: Students press candies together over three rounds of "natural selection" (starting with 12 candies of each type- m&ms, skittles, etc- 4 types total). Survivors go on to the next round and replicate when the population gets below a certain number. We do another round where kids pour the candy on desks pushed together and some bounce in to the neighbors areas to represent migration, and another simulation for a bottleneck. Students then look at how much each factor affected the #s.
Answer: To choose the right statistical method (it is more than just saying "use the t-test") you need to think about your experiment. A good starting point is this figure from Bitesizebio:

There are two relevant articles on that website:

Let's Talk About Stats: Comparing Two Sets of Data
Let's Talk About Stats: Comparing Multiple Datasets

Probably also interesting is the definition of statistical terms:

Let's Talk About Stats: Understanding the Lingo


What are the tools I need to run robot test every time a deployment is triggered

Question: I'm trying to automatically trigger a robot test project which will not be run in local machine everytime there is a deployment. I need to know the tools I need to somehow execute the automation remotely or in cloud. Currently our team using jenkins, octopus deploy, github. are these tools enough for me to do what I just mentioned above. If not what are the tools I need to do that?
Answer: You have tools already ,
You can run test in jenkins or octopus according to which tool you use for deployment .
Both Jenkins and octopus are just softwares that you can configure "What code to run on what System on what condition"
So you can configure "Trigger" that says "Run test code" on "New Deployment"
For your case:

Just add a test step in your Jenkins or octopus ( Depending on which
of the tool uyou use for deployment. You have to trigger test after
deployment so add test step after the deployment test on that
project)

THe step is to "Run script" add the script to run your code

Configure target  ( Set to execute test in test server )
Comment: Yup, I tried searching online but what I found online is the robot script project that is triggered is on the local machine. I want to it to be something not dependent on local machine.
Comment: @Oelyu09 add the code to git repository , and in the step pull the test code to test server and trigger it
Comment: is the test server available in jenkins?
Comment: @Oelyu09 you can use Jenkins master it self as the server or you can add other agents
Comment: Thank you @PDHide


Throwing a ball upwards in an accelerating train

Question: If I throw a ball upwards to a certain height in an accelerating train, will it end up in my hand? At the moment I release the ball, it will have a velocity equal to that of the train at that instant. But because the train is accelerating, the train will have a greater velocity and thus the ball will travel lesser distance and should fall behind me. Is my reasoning correct?
Answer: User Sahil Chadha has already answered the question, but here's the math and a pretty picture for anyone who is unconvinced that you're right.
Since the train is accelerating, from the perspective of an observer on the train, the ball will experience a (fictitious) force in the direction opposite the train's travel having magnitude $ma$ where $m$ is the mass of the ball and $a$ is the magnitude of the acceleration of the train.  If we call the direction of travel the positive $x$-direction, and if we call the "up" direction the positive $y$-direction, then the equations of motion in the $x$- and $y$-directions will therefore be as follows:
\begin{align}
  \ddot x &= -a \\
  \ddot y &= -g.
\end{align}
The general solution is
\begin{align}
  x(t) &= x_0 + v_{x,0} t - \frac{1}{2}a t^2 \\
  y(t) &= y_0 + v_{y,0} t - \frac{1}{2}g t^2
\end{align}
Now, let's say that the origin of our coordinate system lies at the point from which the ball is thrown so that $x_0 = y_0 = 0$ and that the ball is thrown up at time $t=0$ with velocity $v_{y,0} = v$ and $v_{x,0} = 0$ in the positive $y$-direction, then the solutions becomes
\begin{align}
  x(t) &= -\frac{1}{2}a t^2\\
  y(t) &= vt - \frac{1}{2} gt^2
\end{align}
So what does this trajectory look like?  By solving the first equation for $t$, and plugging this back into the equation for $y$, we obtain the following expression for the $y$ coordinate of the particle as a function of its $x$ coordinate along the trajectory:
\begin{align}
  y(x) = v\sqrt{-\frac{2x}{a}} +\frac{g}{a} x
\end{align}
Here's a Mathematica plot of what this trajectory looks like for $v = 1.0\,\mathrm m/\mathrm s$ and the list $a = 9.8,5.0,2.5,1,0.1\,\mathrm m/\mathrm s^2$ of values for the train's acceleration

From the point of view of someone on the train, the ball flies backward in a sort of deformed parabola, but the smaller the acceleration is, the more it simply looks as it would if you were to throw a ball vertically in an un-accelerated train.
Answer: Yes your reasoning is correct,from the point of view of train the ball will travel in a tilted parabolic path as direction of apparent gravity will be different in the train and will not  end up in your hand
Comment: To elaborate: the ball's forward velocity is constant `V0` while your velocity is `V0 + A * time` where `A` is the train's acceleration.  Shift these equations to the train's "rest frame" to see the apparent path of the ball (whose vertical velocity is the usual gravitational function)
Comment: This sounds right. I wonder if the air in the train would alter the result slightly. I believe the acceleration would create a high pressure environment in the rear of the car. Would the result be different if you were sitting in the front or back of the car?
Comment: @InvisibleBacon: the air pressure difference in a sealed carriage will be approximately the difference you'd measure in a column of air the height of the train carriage's length, in gravity equal to the train's acceleration. That is, negligible for any real train, but the small acceleration imparted on the ball by the air would be very slightly more in the higher pressure air.
Answer: we can also solve this using the concept of inertia. When we consider an accelerating train the velocity of the train continuously changes. The ball thrown upwards possesses the inertia of motion of the train. Hence at that moment when the train changes its velocity the ball continues to travel with the previous velocity of the train which is definitely less than the new velocity (because it is given that the train accelerates). Hence the ball falls backwards as the train now has a grater velocity than the ball.
Answer: when you launched the ball upwards,as at that instant when the ball is in air and it falling possibilities should be on the palm but practically,I think its not possible it will return to your palm because no driver can maintain an exact uniform speed without changes.Only machines or robots can do so.The person also launching the ball cannot be so accurate because there will always be reduction in useful energy.
Comment: This doesn't answer the question - the question is about acceleration, not uniform speed.
Answer: rising and falling  of ball takes time  even if  the train is in more or less  uniform  velocity  suppose if upward rising of ball takes a time of 2 sec in a train  any  the  train  will move a certain  distance even it is in motion  resulting the ball may fall to the  floor away from  its original distance


How can I tranfer contacts from old Lumia 920 to new S5

Question: Hi I have been able to transfer my contacts from my old Lumia 920 to my new Samsung S5 via Bluetooth, but it seems to have only copied all the old contacts. No new contacts(ones that I have added manually to the Lumia 920 over the last couple of years ) did not transfer. I suspect it only transferred what was on the SIM. But I can't figure out how to transfer from Lumia 920 back to its SIM or to the new S5??
Answer: Try syncing your contacts with a Microsoft Account, exporting to a file, and then importing into Google Contacts. See this answer and this website.

Sync Microsoft Account with the Lumia
Export contacts from the People app in Outlook online
Import the contacts into Google Contacts
Comment: Can you please include the important parts from the links you provided within your answer.
Answer: Lumina? Im not sure if thats  windows phone or a android based one, but the best way would be (if the "Lumina" is a android operating system) use a app like:
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.ashk.backuptoexcel.lite

Install that on both android devices
First from the "Lumina" backup your contacts to a .vcard file to google drive or whatever cloud storage you wish (you could use bluetooth!!)
On the S5, use that app, or simply just tap the vcard file and if it allows you, click save in the top right corner, all your previous contacts should be saved on you new phone!!


How can one talk about gcd in the context of complex numbers where order doesn't exist?

Question: I was reading this: GCD of gaussian integers but the thing that we are calculating, the GCD, doesn't make any sense in the complex number world since there is no ordering of numbers there. So, how can we define and calculate the GCD there?
Comment: The G in GCD should not be understood as "greatest" with respect to the usual order of numbers but with respect to the divisibiity order.
Comment: Also see http://math.stackexchange.com/a/495125/236182
Comment: You have to distinguish between ordinary language and technical language. For convenience, ordinary language is mixed with technical language, but you must guard against being misled by ordinary language. The worst (or, best) example of a disconnect between ordinary language and mathematical language concerns divisors of 0. According to the definition of a divisor, 23 is a divisor of 0, as is 37. Therefore, based on ordinary language, the real number system has divisors of 0, but according to mathematical language the real number system does NOT have divisors of 0.
Answer: This is a great question, and perhaps deceptively deep.
One way to define the greatest common divisor of two Gaussian integers is as follows: given $z,w \in \mathbb{Z}[i]$, we call $g \neq 0$ a greatest common divisor of $z$ and $w$ if $g$ has the following property:

If $d \mid z$ and $d \mid w$, then necessarily $d \mid g$.

You might note that I mentioned that such a Gaussian integer is a greatest common divisor instead of the greatest common divisor --- this is because there isn't a single greatest common divisor. Unlike in the regular integers, there isn't an ordering (as you mention), so there is no good way to distinguish between different associates of the same integer.
For example, the greatest common divisors of $2$ and $4$ (in the Gaussian integers) are $2, 2i, -2i, -2$. Any one of these four could have been called a greatest common divisor.
This is a very general definition that works in many contexts, not just the Gaussian integers. [This works over $\mathbb{Z}$ too - you should try and prove it if you haven't].
Another way to define the greatest common divisor is to say $g$ is a greatest common divisor of $z,w \in \mathbb{Z}[i]$ if

$g \mid z$ and $g \mid w$, and
If $d \mid g$ and $d \mid w$, then $N(d) \leq N(g)$.

That is, a greatest common divisor is a common divisor of greatest norm.
For those with the mathematical maturity, another way of defining greatest common divisors relies on thinking of the integers as a ring. Then a greatest common divisor of $a$ and $b$ is a generator $g$ of the principal ideal containing $a,b$. That is, $\langle g \rangle = \langle a, b \rangle$. The existence of such principal ideals is closely related to what it means to have unique factorization. [This is also related to why being a Euclidean domain is stronger than being a unique factorization domain. Thanks to quid who noted an error in my answer in the comments below].

For a bit more about Gaussian integers and number theory, I note that I wrote up a few notes for my students of number theory once upon a time. Some others have found these notes useful.
Comment: @quid ah yes! Good catch --- indeed, I essentially only think about Noetherian rings, and I didn't think about it too hard. I will edit accordingly.
Comment: For "if $g$ has the following property" read "if $g$ is a divisor of $z$ and $w$ and has the following property".
Comment: "The existence of such principal ideas is exactly what it means to have unique factorization" What do you mean precisely? In general it is neither necessary nor sufficient (for the former, polynomials over a field in several variables for the latter the ring of [all] algebraic integers.)
Comment: @quid   No, you are stating that mixedmath's claim shows [Bézout domain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9zout_domain), which is insufficient to be PID hence UFD.  Bit of unpacking to do!
Comment: @Yakk yes, the second comment is on point:  $\forall a, b \exists g: \langle a,b\rangle = \langle g \rangle$ means the domain is Bézout domain. This is neither necessary nor sufficient for being a UFD. It is sufficient if one imposes noetherian in addition, i.e. PID.
Answer: We can partially order the Gaussian integers in terms of divisibility:
$$a \ge b \iff \exists c \in \mathbb{Z}[i] \text{ such that } a = bc$$
in this case we say $b$ divides $a$, written $b|a$. So when we say that $d = \gcd(a,b)$ we mean that if $\tilde{d}|a$ and $\tilde{d}|b$ then $\tilde{d}|d$. This is the sense in which the gcd is "greatest". As for computing gcd's in the Gaussian integers the other (well written) answers above (and/or bellow) tell us that the Gaussian integers is a euclidean domain and so we can essentially use long division to nut it out.
Answer: The GCD for natural numbers is defined as "the largest common divisor". So $d = \gcd(a,b)$ if it is a common divisor and:
$$ d' \mid a \textrm{ and } d' \mid b \implies d' \le d $$
Since we no longer have an ordering, we have to change our definition slightly: "the common divisor that is divisible by all other common divisors". Or,
$$ d' \mid a \textrm{ and } d' \mid b \implies d' \mid d $$
This has a downside; there may now be multiple GCDs! For example, both $5$ and $-5$ are GCDs of $(10, 25)$. But it's easy to show that all GCDs must differ by a unit. So we have actually not lost too much.
This has the additional benefit of explaining why $\gcd(0, 0) = 0$. Everything divides $0$, so "greatest" common divisor doesn't exist. But there's only one number which all numbers divide, and that's zero. So $\gcd(0, 0) = 0$.
Furthermore, this definition of GCD becomes extremely natural in the context of ideals. Our new definition can be translated to "$d$ is a GCD of $a$ and $b$ $\iff$ the ideal generated by $d$ equals the ideal generated by $a$ and $b$".
Comment: It might make sense to emphasis that for the natural number the 'new' definition gives exactly the same thing as the other one. Personally, I consider the first definition you gave a poor one, very close to "wrong." This is not to criticize the post; of course given the context it is relevant. Just to say that I never use and never teach the first definition, always the other one.
Comment: But the "new" definition is not the same as the "old" definition anymore, even if they agree in some degree. So is it proper to still call this a GCD? Using the same name to mean different things is the straightest way into trouble :P
Answer: There is a norm function on Gaussian integers. It is defined by $N(a+bi)= a^2+b^2$ (it is the square of the absolute value).  On nonzero integers this function has the property that it takes values that are positive integers, and  for given two elements $\alpha,\beta$ from the Gaussian integers, one can find two  Gaussian integers $ q,r$ such that $\alpha = q\beta +r$ with either $N(r)=0$, or $N(r)<N(\beta)$. This makes the ring into what is called a Euclidean domain. So one has euclidean division with remainder possible.
This is good enough and gives the property you want out of an ordering.
(For polynomials it is the degree function)
Comment: That's perhaps the most sensible norm function for the Gaussian integers, and certainly the most widely used, but it's not the only one, just as absolute value is not the only norm function for $\mathbb Z$.
Answer: Order does exist, just as it does in $\mathbb{Z}$. For example, what is $\gcd(-28, -98)$? We agree that $14$ is greater than $-14$ even though they are both the same distance away from $0$.
Now try $\gcd(-5 + i, -1 - 3i)$. There are four choices here, we choose to go with the one having positive real part and positive imaginary part.
As it turns out, divisibility provides a way to order numbers. Suppose we have three nonzero, non-unit numbers $a$, $b$, $c$. Then we expect there to be some kind of norm function $N(x)$ such that $N(a) < N(ab) < N(abc)$.
Answer: Existence of a $\gcd$ does not depend on the ring itself being ordered, but rather on the existence of an Euclidean 'norm' function (for that ring) that allows one to perform the Euclidean algorithm to division. These rings are called Euclidean domains, and you can read more on them here, for instance.
The basic idea behind these Euclidean functions is that in a certain way they measure the 'simplicity' of the remainder of divisions, and most importantly that these remainders are always 'more simple' than what you started with, so that you eventually get down to a 'simplest element'.
EDIT: As pointed out by quid, what one actually needs is for our domain to have a unique factorization.
Comment: It does not *depend* on being Euclidean, but it is implied by it. Every UFD admits GCDs. Not every UFD is Euclidean, e.g., rings of polynomials over fields  in several indeterminates.
Comment: @quid You are correct; I will add an edit.
Comment: A much easier example of non-Euclidean UFD for those who've studied $\mathbb{Z}[i]$ is $\mathcal O_{\mathbb Q(\sqrt{-19})}$.
Comment: @Robert, for that to be an easier example, the verification that it is not Euclidean should be easier. Is it?
Comment: @Mariano Not if you haven't yet studied rings of polynomials at all. I don't see anything on this page that suggests either ankit or Fimpellizieri have studied such rings. Maybe *I* haven't either.
Answer: I think that things could be explained more clearly just by following the steps of the founders of algebraic number theory, Dedekind et al. Let R be a domain and R* its group of units (= invertible elements in R). To define division between non zero elements of R, we must naturally speak « up to units », since units divide everybody. So, for x, d in R, we say that d ∣ x iff x is of the form x = udz, with z in R and u in R*, or equivalently, iff the principal ideal dR  contains the principal ideal xR.  A common divisor of x and y in R can obviously be defined in the same way : the principal ideal dR must contain the ideals xR and yR, or equivalently, must contain the ideal of R generated by x and y, say (x, y), which is also the smallest ideal (for inclusion) containing x and y.
The next natural step would be to define a GCD $\delta$ (up to units) of x and y by the condition  $\delta$R = (x, y). If R is a PID, this works : there exists a $\delta$ in R such that (x, y) = $\delta$R  (this is actually equivalent to Bézout's theorem). If R is a UFD, this still works for another reason : (x, y) = $\delta$R, where $\delta$ (up to units) is the product of the irreducible elements which are common to the decompositions of x and y, taken with suitable powers. In your example, the Gaussian ring is an Euclidian domain (w.r.t. the norm, but it does not matter), hence is a PID. But the previous definition fails in general : if I and J are two ideals of A, the ideal generated by I and J is the ideal I + J consiting of the sums a + b, a in I, b in J, and that's all. The way out, according to Dedekind (and following Kummer), is to define division for ideals, not for elements: I divides J iff I contains J ; then the GCD of I and J is the ideal I + J. Thus the UF property for ideals can be recovered in the so called Dedekind rings, in particular in the rings of integers of number fields, and a GCD ideal can be also naturally defined just as for elements in a genuine UFD .


How do I translate my father's diary from Esperanto to English, as it is hand written?

Question: My father has a diary from the early 80s to the early 90s that I would like to translate. I am pretty sure it's Esperanto. Is there any way I can get some or all of it translated, as he passed away in 2019 of Alzheimer's disease?
Comment: Please attach a picture of a page so that we can confirm that it is Esperanto or not.
Answer: Probably the best option would be to just manually type it into a Word document and then copy-and-paste it into Google Translate. The automatic translation isn't always great but it will give you an idea of what your father was writing about.
Alternatively if you are not worried about the privacy concerns, you could scan and post some pages here and I'm sure some people would be happy to help. This was done for example for a letter in another question.
Otherwise you could try contacting some Esperantists privately and ask for help. A good place to contact them could be via Telegram in the English-Esperanto group.
I also wouldn't mind trying to translate a couple of pages if you wanted to send some photos privately.
Answer:
My father has a diary from the early 80s to the early 90s that I would like to translate. I am pretty sure it's Esperanto.

There are several ways to find out whether it's written in Esperanto.
Which one you should choose depends on
whether you're willing to reveal the diary's content to others
and if so, to whom.
Because a diary can contain personal and sometimes even delicate stuff,
also consider what your late father would have wanted regarding this.
The easiest and quickest way is to type some portion of it into Google Translate
and set the source language there to "Detect Language".
With a long enough excerpt from the text,
the detected language should be sufficiently accurate,
even though the resulting translation might not necessarily be accurate.
This will reveal the entered part of the content of the diary to Google,
to Google's algorithms, and possibly to some of their employees,
and possibly linked to your person or identity,
even if you're not logged in with a Google account.
Another option is to show the diary (or photos or scans of its content)
to someone who knows Esperanto.
They'll usually be able to tell whether it is or isn't Esperanto quite quickly.
Obviously, this reveals the diary's content
(or at least the part you show them) to them.
If you're willing to share some part of the diary's content with the public
you could even scan it or take a picture
and upload that to a new question here on Esperanto Stack Exchange
as Neil suggested in his answer.
You can also
—without too much effort—
learn enough about Esperanto yourself
to be able to identify it with some reasonable accuracy.
This would allow you to keep the diary's content confident.
Here's some hints on what heuristics you could use:

Esperanto has a distinct alphabet.
Compared to the English alphabet,
it's missing the letters q, w, x, and y,
but has the diacritics ĉ, ĝ, ĥ, ĵ, ŝ, and ŭ.
(ĥ is kinda rare, but does occur in some words.)
This distinct alphabet can help to distinguish Esperanto from Ido,
a similar language that in contrast uses the unmodified English alphabet.
Just like in English, almost every Esperanto sentence contains a conjugated verb.
All conjugated verbs end in
-is (past indicative),
-as (present indicative),
-os (future indicate),
-u (volative / imperative)
or
-us (conditional / irrealis - same for all tenses).
Infinite verbs end in -i.
The most common verbs are
esti (e.g., mi estas) and
havi (e.g., mi havas).
All nouns end in -o, -on, -oj or -ojn (-j indicates plural, -n accusative)
There's a limited number of personal pronouns
(mi, vi, li / ŝi / (ri), ni, vi (again), ili)
and corresponding possessive pronouns
(mia, via, lia / ŝia / (ria), nia, via (again), ilia).
All of them can also take the accusative indicator -n
and the possessive pronouns can take the plural indicator -j
(or both, e.g. miajn).
In a diary, I'd expect the first person pronouns
(mi, min, mia, miaj, mian, miajn,
ni, nin, nia, niaj, nian, niajn)
to occur a lot.
In Esperanto, only the beginning of sentences and proper nouns
(e.g. names of persons, places and products) are capitalized.
Everything else is lowercase.
The diacritical marks aren't omitted for diacritic uppercase letters:
Ĉ, Ĝ, Ĥ, Ĵ, Ŝ and Ŭ.
(Uppercase Ŭ almost never occurs, though,
as ŭ almost only occurs in the two diphthongs aŭ and eŭ.)
You can look for individual words in Esperanto dictionaries.
Be aware though, that Esperanto allows to build new words from existing ones
and most of these combinations won't occur in regular dictionaries.
http://www.simplavortaro.org/ can split many such combined words
into their parts.

The obvious final option
(of the ones I'll mention;
There might be other options, that I've omitted here)
is to learn Esperanto yourself.
While this might seem daunting
and at the same time overkill,
"just" for being able to read a diary,
it can pay off,
as Esperanto is designed to be easy to learn
and easy to use.
So you probably won't even need to spend that much time,
to be able to understand parts of the diary,
or maybe even most or all of it.

Is there any way I can get some or all of it translated

More than one,
and again the choice should depend on
whether you're willing to reveal the diary's content to others
and if so, to whom.
Another important factor is the quality of translation you aim for.
Some options just correspond to the ones above for identifying the language:

Type the part(s) to be translated into Google Translate.

While the resulting translations can be surprisingly good for some sentences,
they can also be quite poor for others,
to even outright wrong, e.g.,
when Google doesn't know a word
and simply assumes you've mistyped some other, similar-looking word.

Let someone who knows Esperanto translate the diary.
Learn enough Esperanto yourself to be able to read and maybe even translate the diary.

It's worth noting though
that different kinds of people may be considered for the
"let someone translate it for you" option:

People who might help you for free

friends, relatives and acquaintances (if any of them know Esperanto)
Esperanto clubs, associations, or meetups
people and groups you can approach online,
as the ones mentioned in Neil's answer

Professional translators
(or translation services / translation agencies),
who'd you pay for a translation

How do I translate my father’s diary from Esperanto to English, as it is hand written?


⟨sci⟩ vs. ⟨si⟩: is the pronunciation different?

Question: I know hardly any Spanish, however I was wondering if there was any difference between the pronunciations of the spellings ⟨sci⟩ and ⟨si⟩, as in si versus piscina. I know that they could just be artifacts from Latin, but I feel as if there should be some subtle pronunciation difference.
Answer: In theory, it's different: the "s" in piscina is part of the previous syllable (pis-ci-na). In practice, the difference in pronunciation is almost nonexistent in regions with seseo (most Latin America), where "s" is pronounced the same as "c". In these regions piscina sounds very similar to pisina, especially in informal conversation. Other examples: ascenso, descendiente.
In Spain, it would be different.
Answer: There is a lot of difference. On 'piscina' you have three well differentiated syllables, that of 'pis', 'ci' and 'na', thus having differentiated terminal -s and starting z- sounds.
It is of very poor quality speakers to forget the terminal -s in front of the immediate starting z- and pronounce 'picina' or 'pisina'. It sounds horrible.
Comment: I don't really think it is "of very poor quality speakers" to pronounce it like "pisina" where "c" is pronounced like "s". I would say it is the standard in those places. Don't forget that Spanish is spoken in many countries, with a huge variability of pronounciations.
Comment: Besides, calling **standard** Spanish the variation that only 10-15% of speakers hold...
Comment: On "seseante" or "cecenate" zones it may be true, but for them does not sound horrible because it sounds tha same as their other usual words. I was (of course) talking of standard Spanish, that one which has not "seseo" nor "ceceo".
Comment: Right, but that doesn't make non-standard Spanish speakers "poor quality speakers".
Comment: You missed me. Stadandard zone speakers who does not properly pronounce 'sci' are poor quality speakers. I meant nothing about non-standard zone speakers. I myself are from a non-standard zone (a "seseante" one) so I pronounce something like 'pissina', and when somebody with my own accent pronounces so it sounds normal to me, but when somebody from a standard zone pronounces 'pisina' or 'pizina' it sounds very awful to me as well.
Comment: @CarlosEugenioThompsonPinzón The reason it's called "standard" is because it's the pronunciation that's used to determine the standard spelling, Señor Pinsón. :)
Answer: I'm from México and the only thing I can say is that here and all the spanish speaking cuntries in América s and c sound the same so "piscina" sounds as an s. Maybe, the only different thing is that maybe in slow speech could sound as a long s.
Answer: TLDR: I indicate four possible pronunciations of piscina below, each in its own sequentially numbered paragraph:

/pisˈθina/
/piˈsina/
/piˈθina/
[pis̺ˈθina]

To refer to a spelling of ⟨sci⟩ in Spanish is somewhat misleading because those are never all in the same syllable. This would be like talking about a ⟨kpa⟩ spelling in English: the ⟨k⟩ is at the end of one syllable and the ⟨pa⟩ at the start of another, as in backpacker or track-pants.

In Spanish-speaking areas that make a distinction between the ⟨z⟩ and ⟨s⟩, a word like piscina when carefully pronounced comes out as /pisˈθi.na/, with the first syllable as /pis/, the second is /θi/, and the third is /na/.
In "seseante" areas of Andalucía in Spain and throughout America, ones that do not distinguish those two phonemes by saying only /s/ for both, the two duplicate and adjacent /s/ sounds fuse into just a single one, so they say /piˈsi.na/, with a first syllable that now ends in a vowel /pi/.

Notice how I early said "carefully". This is because in casual, everyday speech, it doesn't come out that way even for the speakers who make a distinction between those two phonemes. This is because Spanish very strongly prefers "open" syllables, ones that end in a vowel instead of a consonant. So whenever this happens, the first of the two adjacent consonant sounds tends to get dropped in rapid or casual speech. So this also happens in words like actor and aceptar, where the letter I've written in bold tends to be dropped in casual speech.

That means that even for speakers who are neither seseo speakers nor ceceo speakers, piscina is quite commonly pronounced not as /pisˈθi.na/ but rather as just /piˈθi.na/, as though they were ceceo speakers.

When the Spanish s ≠ the English s
Another phenomenon commonly heard in Northern Spanish is that the /s/ phoneme is not pronounced the way one pronounces it in English with the tongue spread out broadly. Rather, it is an apical [s̺], meaning more with the point of the tongue than with the flat of it.  That's because they're trying to put some distance between their two sibilants, /s/ and /θ/.
This is not conscious, and it's been going on for centuries; it's just normal phonologic effect to increase the distance between similar sounds. To a native speaker of English, this sound seems closer to the one at the start of the English word shin than it does to the one at the start of the English word sin.

Speakers with an apical [s̺]  are less likely to drop it at the end of the syllable there, since it's far enough "away" from the next sound. For those speakers, piscina can therefore come out sounding [pis̺ˈθina], where I'm using [s̺] to stand for this special kind of /s/ sound from the versions of Spanish spoken in northern and central regions of Spain.

And even though this might very well sound to an English speaker like they're saying something one might in English write as "pishtheena", but they really aren't. :)

Expert details
In the Wikipedia article on Transcripción fonética del español con el AFI, they explain all this as follows:

El fonema /s/ puede ser apical [s̺] (norte y centro de España, español andino) o laminar [s̻] (la mayor parte de América, sur de España, Canarias y oeste de Galicia); poste [ˈpo̞s̺te̞]~[ˈpo̞s̻te̞]. Según una transcripción más o menos específica se utiliza [s], [s̺] o [s̻].

/s/ se sonoriza [z] ante consonante sonora, pudiendo ser apical [z̺] (mayor parte de España así como en los Andes centrales) o laminar [z̻] (mayor parte de Hispanoamérica); musgo [ˈmuz̺ɣ̞o̞]~[ˈmuz̻ɣ̞o̞]. Según una transcripción más o menos específica se utiliza [z], [z̺] o [z̻].

En algunos dialectos esta sonorización va más allá, sobre todo en el español de los Andes centrales, así como el español hablado por los hablantes bilingües de la Comunidad Valenciana, Cataluña e Islas Baleares. La sonorización de [z] ocurre incluso al final de palabra cuando le sucede una vocal; los amigos [loz a̠ˈmiɣ̞o̞s].
En otros dialectos no ocurre esta sonorización permaneciendo sorda [s] incluso ante consonante sonora; musgo [ˈmus̺ɣ̞o̞]~[ˈmus̻ɣ̞o̞]. Esto es común en algunos hablantes del dialecto castellano, castellano de Madrid, el norte peninsular como algunos hablantes del español de América. De la misma forma y con obviedad no ocurre sonorización donde /s/ se aspira, se velariza, se gemina la consonante que le sucede o simplemente se elide.

En muchos dialectos /s/ en sílaba trabada se pronuncia con una ligera aspiración [ʰ] (realización más común), una velarización [x], una geminación (o alargamiento [:]) de la consonante que le sucede o bien una completa elisión, poste [ˈpɔʰte̞]~[ˈpɔxte̞]~[ˈpɔtte̞]~[ˈpɔte̞]. Esto ocurre en los dialectos meridionales de España; andaluz, murciano, canario, extremeño, y también en el castellano de Madrid y Castilla-La Mancha. Así como el español caribeño, centroamericano, rioplatense y chileno.

En subdialectos de Andalucía, Canarias, como en el español caribeño este proceso llega a otros contextos, donde la aspiración de /s/ se da también entre vocales; nosotros [no̞ˈho̞tɾɔʰ].
En el dialecto andaluz, madrileño y manchego /s/ puede pronunciarse [ɹ] en las secuencias /sθ/ y /sr/; ascensor [a̠ɹθẽ̞nˈso̞(ɾ)], israelí [iɹra̠e̞ˈli].


Is it correct to store freelance projects publicly on github?

Question: No NDA was signed and nothing was discussed with customer in this relation. Then I'm tempted to store projects in my public github and post links to them in my blog as a demo for potential customers. At the same time I'm afraid this is may look like (or may be) an offence regarding the previous customers.
Comment: No, no, no! Definitely not! You are professional even if there is no formal contract between you and your client. He paid you in full, so remain professional. you can indeed put some excerpts of interesting parts for your new clients. Just make sure you hide all sensitive details.
Answer: I have seen multiple examples of it being done, agencies or people linking to the previous work self hosted - but as courtesy just ask the client first if you can put it up on your code account as proof of work.
Also something to consider - if you don't show that you got permission to put it on GitHub, prospective clients could be turned away.
Answer: You should never post sensitive source code publicly. I wouldn't pay you if I knew you'd share my project to the rest of the world.
However, you may briefly write a description of the project on your blog and some screenshots.
Comment: @VladimirLenin Personally I'd be pissed off if I see my contractor posted source code from his past projects. Because if you can do that to someone else, you can also do that to me. I wouldn't mind you write a description of what you've done. A resume is also ok. But not source code. I don't want source code from your old projects (I can't use them), I want an overview what you've achieved.
Comment: One example: the work have been completed 6-12 month ago and the customer does not respond regarding the question. I could assume the code is not sesitive: there is no special "know-how" which a business is based on. Or this still may turn away prospective clients?
Comment: @VladimirLenin If you really want to do it. Why not just publish under your name? No reference to your client? Just an idea.
Comment: @VladimirLenin if a client doesn't respond, assume the answer is no; you can only post it with an explicit okay from the client (and make sure you look into copyright laws around that as well), unless it's your own creation and wasn't paid for.
Answer: I would not do this, as clients may have objections.
You can try to make blog posts with specific screens trying to highlight something specific you worked on.
You can contact and talk to your clients and ask specifically if they are ok for this part of the project, this module's code if I host on github, and in the process i might end up improving/updating the code, which you will have free access to get updated code with no extra cost ... this might tempt them to approve but some clients might cannot afford their source code to be public so please ask them and go ahead only if they specifically give you permission for this...
Answer: I would not post source code that was written for clients publicly unless you have explicit permission from said client.
The easiest (by far) way you can have open-source code as a freelancer that you can reuse and have as a portfolio is just to create reusable libraries that you can use in each client project, but keep the actual source for clients private.
An example of this:
I have a couple of repositories on github that I use between multiple clients. I wrote and maintained these partially myself, and partially for a client with explicit permission (and our contract said that all source code belonged to me, with a licence for them to use it, with proper copyright waivers. The company dealt with open source work, though, so this is very much non-standard).
I wouldn't make a client website source public, but I would include my own public packages in it.
Answer: Unless you have explicit permission to do so, sharing source code that you are being paid to correct is a bad route to take.
Many clients will have objections to the source code they are paying for being published to the world.
A description or short snippet could be included with a blog article, however having a full public repo is going to cause arguments you do not want to cause.
Answer: Many jurisdictions have statutes of implied contracts, implied warranties, and more which cover situations when a dispute arises and where no written documents exist describing the arrangement. If you go to a restaurant there is an implied contract which assumes that you will be provided with food and service in exchange for payment. In most states a similar implied contract would exist for your software development. In lieu of any agreement, if you accept money for for development the implication is that you get to keep the money, and the client owns the software. You also have an implied duty to protect the client's work-in-progress assets. I usually include a copyright disclaimer as a file header in the client's name right from the first line of code written. For example:
<code>    /**********************************************************/
    Copyright © 2010 by Bill Shakespeare All rights reserved.
    No part of this software or firmware may be reproduced,
    distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means,
    including photocopying, recording, or other electronic
    or mechanical methods, without the prior written
    permission of the author.
    /**********************************************************/
</code>
or,
<code>    /**********************************************************/
    Copyright © 2010 by Bill Shakespeare and the BigCode
    Corporation.  All rights reserved.
    /**********************************************************/
</code>
Comment: What do you write in your copyright? Can I write for example that I share the ownership of the code with a client?
Comment: ###code Copyright © 2010 by Bill Shakespeare  All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.
Answer: My clients tend to think that everybody out there want a similar software I've done for them and are reluctant for the source code to be published. What I do to show my work is recording demo videos where I run in Debug mode some of the web sites and desktop applications developed by me. A professional design and friendly user interfaces can be seen while I review a small portion of the code that solves a complex and specific problem. In Debug mode I inspect variables to show the data and explain why that bit is efficient and well designed. Less than 5% of the code is shown on video but potential employers love it as they don't have lots of time to spend and want someone to talk through and explain how it works.


UV unwrapping seems to be unwrapping my object twice

Question: Following the anvil series meticulously for the second time now and I have a new and weird problem. When I UV unwrap, not UV smart unwrap, I get what seems to be 2 unwraps! So when I create a seam and re unwrap, the UV editor displays this double unwrapping. I don't know how else to explain this. Here is an image to help explain.

I tried using an older version of blender to see if there was a difference. It's so weird because yesterday it was working fine for me, but when I cmd+z back a couple of times it erased everything, and so I figured that I would quit for the day. Now it's doing this crazy result! See how in the bottom left there is this additional UV map that I don't want. It's driving me absolutely crazy. Why is it seem to be unwrapping it twice?
See how it's got 2 UV unwraps? Thank you for any help. See how it's creating this terrible triangle situation when I render it. Also, it doesn't show me any texturing in texture mode (image missing)
Answer: Seems like you accidentally duplicated parts of your mesh.
In this case you have to merge the vertices that are on the same location.
The easiest way to do this is to use the Remove Doubles operator:
Select All (A-key) > Press W-Key for Specials Menu > Remove Doubles
After removing the duplicate vertices you have to unwrap the mesh again.


Possibilities of getting the visas processed on time

Question: My husband and I are indian citizens and have planned to leave for Sweden on the 10th july 2015. We have submitted our visa application on the 24th June 2015. What are the possibilities of getting our visas processed before the scheduled date of travel?
Comment: PLEASE DON'T SHOUT! Also, which embassy did you apply to?
Answer: It's possible but very tight. It's also possible that your application will take longer, either because there is something about it that requires extra verifications or simply because it's the holiday period.
The Migration Agency (the authority responsible for this in Sweden) aims for a two-week turnaround time but obviously warns that it can take longer. While some other countries are not very responsive to this type of queries, the website also indicates that the consulate/embassy should be able to provide current information on processing times so you might be able to get a direct answer by contacting them.


How to mount a Mojave/HighSierra APFS partition as read only in elementary OS?

Question: I recently had an issue relating to BootCamp that rendered my Mojave partition unbootable, so I got interested on how to read that APFS partition to retrieve the files using my elementary OS Juno, saved by access through Grub. Fortunately there is a free solution to perform this recovery through apfs-fuse.
Answer: Plan

There's a
free tool to mount APFS drive in linux: apfs-fuse https://github.com/sgan81/apfs-fuse for Linux
installation process
prerequisites (taken from this walkthrough)
compiling
install missing dependencies by googling the error messages, simply relaunch make

There are many packages that need to be installed to run apfs-fuse.
use the below command to update APT
apt-get update
Then, install the required dependencies with apt-get, as seen below.
apt-get install zlib1g bzip2 gcc-8-base build-essential cmake clang icu-devtools libicu-dev libghc-bzlib-dev libfuse-dev libattr1-dev
Clone the Apfs-Fuse Repository:
Next, install Git with apt-get install git.
apt-get install git
Then, clone the apfs-fuse repository with git clone github.com/sgan81/apfs-fuse.
git clone https://github.com/sgan81/apfs-fuse
Change into the newly created apfs-fuse/ directory using the cd command.
cd apfs-fuse/
Update the Submodules:
Use git submodule init to initialize the LZFSE compression submodule.
git submodule init
Then, use git submodule update to update the LZFSE compression submodule.
git submodule update
Wrap Up the Installation:
Create a new directory called build using the mkdir command.
mkdir build
Next, change into the directory.
cd build/
Then, compile with CMake, a software for managing the build process of software using a compiler-independent method.
cmake ..
Last, use make, a utility that will determine automatically which pieces of a program need to be recompiled.
Test Apfs-Fuse:
That's it for downloading and compiling apfs-fuse.
Apfs-fuse's available options can be viewed using the ./apfs-fuse command. Change to the directory where apfs-fuse is located. (/bin or in my case, build).
./apfs-fuse
Options:
-d level      : Enable debug output in the console.
-o options    : Additional mount options.
-v volume-id  : Specify number of volume to be mounted.
-r passphrase : Specify volume passphrase. The driver will ask for it if needed.
-s offset     : Specify offset to the beginning of the container.
-p partition  : Specify partition id containing the container.
-l            : Allow driver to return potentially corrupt data instead of failing, if it can't handle something.
Create the Mount Destination:
Create a new directory called my_apfs_partition using the mkdir command.
mkdir /tmp/my_apfs_partition
Use Apfs-Fuse to mount the Partition
./apfs-fuse <partition> <mount destination>
Here's an example of the command I used to mount my MacBook's internal hard drive. When this command is run, apfs-fuse will mount the partition - if encrypted by File Vault, it will prompt for a password.
./apfs-fuse /dev/sda2 /tmp/my_apfs_partition
Your APFS partition will then be browsable from that directory!


Does having a Google "stop word" in a domain name have less SEO benefit than not having it?

Question: Let me explain. Let's say my keyword I want to optimize is "green giraffes". But the domain greengiraffes.com (singular, plural, no hyphen, hyphen, etc.) is not available. I know that the search results for "green giraffes" and "about green giraffes" are essentially the same because "about" is a "stop word". Does that therefore also mean that the domain name "aboutgreengiraffes.com" is as good as "greengiraffes.com" in terms of SEO value? Are all stop words equal in that regard, or a shorter one (such as "e" or "z") is better?
Comment: I would say about.com is fairly high in the SERPs... which have zero non-stop words in the domain name.
Comment: "the search results ... are essentially the same" - but they are not!? And **a green giraffes** produces different results again in Google SERPs. If **a** and **about** were true _stop words_ wouldn't the results be _the same_?
Answer: But what's a Google "stop word".
I don't think the modern Google uses stop words anymore in the traditional sense... a common word that is ignored in the search for the sake of efficiency. This I presume is the meaning that you are referring to?
If stop words were still used then (as mentioned in my comment) the two searches you cite, 'green giraffes' and 'about green giraffes' would be identical, but they are not. They are only similar because you are searching for 'green giraffes'!
Take, for example, your two searches on google.com:
Search results for: green giraffes
 1. www.green-giraffe.eu/
 2. https://www.gsgatl.org/what-we-do/lgg/pages/default.aspx
 3. www.amazon.com › Baby › Diapering › Diaper Pails & Refills
 4. [images]
 5. gggiraffe.blogspot.com
 6. www.gogreengiraffe.com/
 7. www.etsy.com/search?includes%5B%5D=tags...green+giraff
 8. greenokapi.tumblr.com/
 9. www.lyricsmania.com/people_who_love_giraffes_lyrics_hank
10. www.hwtm.com/index.cfm?page=albums/view_album...
11. www.newzoo.org/animals/giraffes

Search results for: about green giraffes
(- no change, * new entry, +/-N change)
 -  1. www.green-giraffe.eu/
+3  2. gggiraffe.blogspot.com
+1  3. [images]
 *  4. thegreengiraffe.ca/
-3  5. https://www.gsgatl.org/what-we-do/lgg/pages/default.aspx
 *  6. www.greengiraffephotography.com/
-1  7. www.gogreengiraffe.com/
 *  8. www.linkedin.com/company/green-giraffe-capital
 *  9. www.facebook.com/pages/...Green-Giraffe/14717010530044...
-7 10. www.amazon.com › Baby › Diapering › Diaper Pails & Refills
-4 11. www.etsy.com/search?includes%5B%5D=tags...green+giraffe

There are 4 new sites in the top 10 for 'about green giraffes' than for 'green giraffes'. If you search on google.co.uk (my native search) then there are 6 new sites!
As understand it, stop words were used by Google some years ago when it used a term based search algorithm. It now uses a phrase based algorithm, where words are used in context. If 'about' is relevant to the search then it will be used.
More information on the changing use of Google stop words:
http://www.webmasterworld.com/google/4119183.htm
So, to answer your question...

Does that mean ... the domain name "aboutgreengiraffes.com" is as good as "greengiraffes.com" in terms of SEO value?

It is neither better or worse, it is simply different.
However, if a user was to search for green giraffes, taking into account all the other metrics that Google uses in order to determine relevance then the difference in the domain name between aboutgreengiraffes.com and greengiraffes.com is probably negligible.
Answer: It would make no difference because the word about is not between your phrase for example if stop words still exist then greenaboutgiraffes.com would be bad but since the phrase you care about is greengiraffes.com then having aboutgreengiraffes.com is not effecting your two word phrase at all. Your main concern should be the value of keyword being at the beginning, this is said to be better for Google serps for article titles keyword but i am not sure about domain names. for example aboutgreengiraffes.com would be worse than greengiraffesabout.com because it's not at the beginning.


Does a Banshee's Veil Shield prevent spell damage?

Question: Does a Banshee's Veil Shield prevent spell damage? Like it can prevent damage from champs spells?
Answer: Banshee's Veil prevents any negative magic effect, including damage. This applies to all spells, not just those cast by champions.
I've tested this with three of Baron Nashor's spells:

Wrath of the Ancients deals magic damage and applies a debuff which increases magic damage taken. It stacks up to ten times.
Sweeping Blow knocks all champions away from the Baron by a set range. This range is equivalent to the distance between the Baron and the entrance to his locale.
An unnamed ability which inflicts knockup and slow similar to Cho'Gath's Rupture.

Banshee's Veil was activated by each of the above spells.
Trivia:

Banshee's Veil does not negate summoner spells  Ignite and  Exhaust.
Banshee's Veil will not block damage from persistent AoE spells such as: Anivia's  Glacial Storm, Nasus's Spirit Fire, and Fiddle's Ultimate.
Banshee's Veil will not block passive damage over time effects from abilities such as  Brand's  Blaze, and Gangplank's  Grog Soaked Blade.
Banshee's Veil will block Gangplank's Parrrley (confirmed through experience as well). This is because Parrrley it's a spell that mimics a physical ranged attack, so it's intended to be blocked.
Answer: Banshee's Veil, when active, will block one entire ability.  This includes any CC or damage attached to said ability.
Answer: The shield it provides ever 45 seconds does block the damage and any status effects that ability provides. For example, Banshee's Veil would block both the damage and the bind from Morgana's Dark Binding.
Answer: Yes the shield itelf blocks one spell every 45 seconds. It also provides additional Magic Resistance (MR).
Answer: It negates the damage from the spell it blocks. Along with the magic resist, it makes a great defensive item against burst champions
Answer: Yes, Banshee's Veil Blocks one negative spell every 45 seconds.
Answer: It blocks ONE negative spell.
That means if there is a spell that hits multiple times it will NOT take damage from the FIRST spell hit, or in some cases (Ahri's Fox Fire) it can block up to two of them if they hit at the same time.
Answer: Yep, it will even block deathfire grasp from a burst AP carry, so it can protect against a lot of damage.  However it is so easy to pop before a teamfight happens so it makes it not such a great item.
Answer: The vield does block a spell while you have a bubble around you, but you should note that it doesn't block -every- spell. Only things that deal magic damage, and only things that are activated by qwe or r, and only single target, or targeted aoe.
For instance, the block list (Not inclusvie)
Shens Q
Morganas Q
Niddalees throw
Ryzes q, w, and e
Singed throw
Sions stun
Pantheons stun
What it does not block at things that don't specifically target you, or things that deal physical damage
For instance, Gangplanks q is physical and is not blocked by banshees. Morganas w doesn't pop it, because it just deals aoe damage. Things that target specific champions, but don't deal physical damage, is blocked. Some champions, like talon, deal physical damage with their spells, and can't be blocked by it.
All CC's and Snares that are not slows are garunteed to be blocked. Some slows still cannot be blocked, because they slow on the ground, and not your specifically. For instance, kogmalls throw will have the damage blocked, but the spell on the ground will still be active. Its important to know if it targets a player, or if it targets the ground.
Comment: Banshee's Veil will block Gangplank's Parrrley, Source for this, and by experience too. Because Parrrley it's a spell that mimics a physical ranged attack. so its intended to be blocked. This is why I -1 you, sorry.


OllyDbg vs x64dbg - Does OllyDbg have any particular advantage over x64dbg?

Question: OllyDbg had been nice in the past, but it stopped development a decade ago, x32dbg/x64dbg era came.
However, some people still use OllyDbg. Are there any reasons to use the old OllyDbg still? Doesn't x32dbg/64dbg covers all needed things?
Answer: Debugging software with a combination of managed and unmanaged code:
Ollydbg debugs and runs managed code very well (of course in this case it only runs as a native debugger and not like DnSpy which shows the .Net functions and code perfectly).
There are times when, if the malware makes a lot of calls to unmanaged code (native code DLLs) it is far more convenient to use a debugger like OLLY to track down the transition to the native DLLs.
This is not possible in x32dbg/x64dbg at all and it crashes when dealing with managed code.
Compatibility with 32-bit systems:
ScyllaHide for x32dbg is not very good and fails on Windows 7 and Windows 10 (32-bit). (It absolutely does not work on Windows XP SP3 and keeps giving us the UNKNOWN SYSCALL error - So I am not even bothering to mention Win XP in this context).
I see that there is an open issue on GitHub regarding this (for 32-bit Windows 7 and Windows 10), but the only answer there seems to advise that we should migrate to 64-bit Windows.
While this is true, there are many times where we need to work on 32-bit systems for a variety of reasons.
Without a good system in place to hide the debugger from the anti-debugg calls of most malware, the debugger is basically of very little use.
Scripting Engines:
The plugins for scripting on x32dbg/x64dbg are very slow when compared to the Olly Script engine. So is the python scripting.
Patching Issues:
In my experience, the patching using x32dbg/x64dbg is very buggy when dealing with some executable and I find that I need to revert back to Olly to ensure that the executable gets reliably patched.
Issue with Updates:
Every update of the x32dbg/x64dbg debuggers brings its own bugs with it and in a way, this reminds one of Windows 10 with its constant updates ;)
When debugging a target, we should really not need to keep thinking constantly as to whether it was a fault in the debugger or the target program that contributed to the crash!
In an nutshell, the main problem seems to be that too many programmers have been and are (still) working on x32dbg/x64dbg each in their own programming styles and there seems to a lack of direction in the overall structure of the debugger.
This was not the case for Olly where a single programmer had created it and therefore has a clean crisp structure that is very difficult to define or described in simple terms.
This is not to say that x32dbg/x64dbg is bad. Just saying that there is a lot more room for improvement to make it run as reliably as Olly.
These are just a few of the issues that I could remember the top of my head that constantly caused me to dust my old Olly and re-use it again and again.
Comment: Could you elaborate on the issues with x64dbg (patching/crashes/whatever). The current focus is stability and I feel things have been pretty good as of recently. Also for 32 bit systems you can easily use TitanHide which uses a kernel driver instead of user mode hooks. It often happens that people say that x64dbg is "unstable" because they used it in 2016 and didn't report any issues or ever try again.
Answer: Disclaimer: I am the main developer of x64dbg, take that into account :)
I would say that the main difference between OllyDbg and x64dbg is that there is no 64 bit (os) support at all in OllyDbg. If you are working on a modern system I think x64dbg is a better choice because it was designed to work there.
That said, x64dbg isn't better in all aspects. One main difference is that OllyDbg has a very solid tracing system, whereas x64dbg has something, but still requires a lot of work. I am using x64dbg for my job, but I am familiar with the source code so I can make improvements as I need them.
Another big difference is that you can contribute to x64dbg directly. Either by reporting bugs, or simply fixing them yourself. To me this is a big advantage, as many plugins for OllyDbg hook the internal functions to fix bugs or add features.
Comment: ouch, i didn't know the person helped me with other questions too, is the main dev  of x64. thnx ;)
Comment: can you please also list the differences with regard to x32dbg vs olly
Comment: I don't feel there would be a benefit to necro-editing a post from 5 years ago, even though the accepted answer has more upvotes and is factually incorrect...
Comment: the reason it was accepted answer was because user posted that earlier and by that time it was the "accepted answer". however, in recent days I had to go back to that issue and had additional questions, and I've asked you, because you had more context of that. but if you don't find a time to update that post (even though it would be beneficial to readers), then I understand.
Comment: @mrexodia I think there is nothing "necro" about this, because this isn't a forum but a QA site like a wiki with questions and answers, more targeted towards future readers finding it than to the original poster, and so editing something to improve it or bring it up to date would always be good, regardless of how old the post it. (Adding answers to years-old questions is also good for that reason because even if the question is no longer interesting to the original poster, it may be useful to someone finding it on Google, which is the main use of Stack Exchange sites anyway!)
Answer: Outside of maybe custom plug-ins or perhaps buried features and usability differences, there's really no incentive to use OllyDbg over x32dbg/x64dbg. Since OllyDbg was the debugger of choice for so many years, it will take awhile to run its course.
That said, it's still extremely capable for a 32-bit debugger with a rich support/plug-in ecosystem (even if a bit dated now), so there's absolutely nothing wrong with using it if you prefer it over any other debugger for 32-bit applications.
Personally, I migrated to x32dbg/x64dbg quite awhile back and haven't missed OllyDbg ever since. In fact, the switch is so easy that one could presumably get up to snuff with using debuggers via OllyDbg, then bop right over to x32dbg/x64dbg with very little differences to compensate for.
Answer:
x32dbg cannot call an arbitrary export in a dll loaded for debugging or analysis, ollydbg2 can
x32dbg still crashes when attached/detached to svchost.exe ollydbg2 can handle it without any problem
x32dbg cannot automatically follow a child process, ollydbg2 can
Comment: why was donwvoted ?
Comment: @T.Todua Upset x64dbg fans


Which Comparator could match this electronic circuit?

Question: Below is a schematic of a current regulator using a comparator IC2.  The board is from an XP-605 ELENCO bench top adjustable power supply. Searching the WEB was unsuccessful in finding any original schematic so I resorted to reverse engineer the board and came out with this schematic. The configuration appear to be a simple negative feedback loop feeding a Darlington configuration for current amplification. IC2 is absent from the main electronic board. The PCB do not indicate which IC part number is utilized. It only shows a socket for a DIP8 chip. I found several possibilities of replacement comparators but none was using Pin7 as a power input and pin6 as the amplifier output. LM311 appear to be a potential candidate performance wise but not pin compatible with the DIP8 socket. From the schematic it would appear that pins 1,4,5 are utilized as a zero offset trimming capability.

So, my speculation suggest the following:
Pin1    Trim input
Pin2    negative input of a OpAmp or Comparator
Pin3    positive  input of a OpAmp or Comparator
Pin4    Negative supply
Pin5    Trim input
Pin6    Output (most probably open collector)
Pin7    Positive supply
Pin8    not used in the circuit, ?

The Question:  I am searching for a replacement IC  comparator ( perhaps OpAmp) to match the DIP8 pinout above described and compatible with the electronic schematic. Can anyone help ?
Much appreciation :)
Answer: Further Datasheet research lead me to find that the popular 741 OpAmp was the replacement IC.


How to import products from Woocommerce to Magento 1.9

Question: I want to import products from Woocommerce to Magento in my local setup.Is there any extension or Tutorial available?..Please help me.
Answer: please use this extension for  import products from Woocommerce to Magento
https://www.shopping-cart-migration.com/shopping-cart-migration-options/6684-woocommerce-to-magento-migration
Comment: I need to work in my local setup....this link needs live link...@
Faraz Bashir
Answer: Why don't you upload your both sites to an online server then perform the migration?
For more convenience, you could also use this Magento migration service, they can help you upload your sites to their server then perform the migration. Chat with them first to make sure they will do it.


What is cleos? Is it the main eos wallet like how bitcoin core is to bitcoin?

Question: Is cleos the most trustworthy wallet like how bitcoin core software is to bitcoin?
Answer: No, cleos is not a wallet software; it's a CLI tool interfacing with nodes and wallet services.
EOSIO software is akin to Bitcoin Core, which comes with bitcoind, bitcoin-qt, and bitcoin-cli. These are comparable to nodeos, keos, and cleos, respectively. So, if you want to draw parallels with other blockchains, cleos is somewhat similar to bitcoin-cli in Bitcoin Core or with geth in Go Ethereum.
Perhaps the diagram below from the documentation may clear up how those tools interact with each other:
Answer: Let's see the definitions of the two softwares.
From eos developers guide: cleos is a command line tool that interfaces with the REST API exposed by nodeos.
From wikipedia (the best description i can get): Bitcoin Core includes a transaction verification engine and connects to the bitcoin network as a full node.
From this description, bitcoin core can be seen as cleos + nodeos + keosd. Obviously cleos (aswell keosd and nodeos) is developed by block.one (eosio) so it should be reliable...


What kind of connector is this, or where can I get it?

Question: Does anyone know what kind of connector this is? I have to change the power supply cord on a mini fridge and need the same 2 prong connector that plugs into the circuit board. Its the size of my thumb nail maybe half and inch wide.
Comment: You don't have the option of reusing this one?  Cut it off and then splice the wires to the new power supply.
Answer: You can find that connector at www.mouser.com in their connector search tool. You will need to carefully measure the pin to pin spacing of that connector to be able to locate the correct part. Some connectors are using inch dimensions while others use millimeter dimensions so be prepared to measure and do some conversions if necessary.
Be aware that the type of connector that you have shown is just a nylon housing and the contacts are separately crimped onto the wires in the power cord. The each contact is pressed into its appropriate slot in the nylon housing.
Be aware that to properly terminate the wires with the crimp on terminals it is necessary to have the proper tool. Those crimp contacts offer minimal strain relief as it is and improperly applied contacts could let the wire pull out of the contact and lead to a very dangerous situation. A properly crimped terminal will have two sections, one which crimps around the copper wire and the other that crimps around the wire insulation. The insulation crimp will not work properly if the insulation is too small or large of diameter for the contact. It is also not at all advisable to try to solder the wires to the terminals.


What is the recommend process for migrating a Drupal 6 Ubercart site to Drupal 7 / Drupal Commerce?

Question: I'd like to migrate a client's site from Drupal 6 and Ubercart to Drupal 7 and Drupal Commerce. Is there an easy (i.e.: no manually munging data in the database) migration path? Do I need to go to Drupal 7 + Ubercart as an interim step?
Answer: There are new tools and resources for this:

http://drupal.org/project/commerce_migrate
http://drupal.org/sandbox/rfay/1233708
http://vimeo.com/26775252
http://www.commerceguys.com/resources/articles/215
http://www.commerceguys.com/resources/articles/ubercart-drupal-commerce-1
http://www.commerceguys.com/resources/articles/ubercart-drupal-commerce-2
http://dl.dropbox.com/u/7350603/Importing%20into%20Drupal%20Commerce.mp4
Answer: The commerceguys who are behind Drupal Commerce, will surely make this in time. They have a lot of Drupal 6 UC sites, that they on some point would like to get into beta.
Having an upgrade path from Ubercart to Drupal Commerce, is a bit premature for now. Beta was only just recently launched, and some key features are still missing in core, like physical products and shipping.
Upgrading will not be an easy task either, since Commerce is quite different using the new entity API that's available inn Drupal 7. This means that products, orders, costumers, line items are all entities defined by Commerce.
If you want to upgrade a Drupal 6 UC to Commerce today, my recommendations would be to.

Update the site to Drupal 7, (but don't install UC for Drupal 7)
Define the product types needed by your site.
Convert all product nodes by UC into Commerce product entities, and either delete them or change them to have a reference to the product (Custom code) - It depends on how you want to display your products. Usually, you either want to pull in the data to a node, or display the product entity with views.
Convert order, line-item data from UC to commerce.
Build the site and have fun.

Having just made a Drupal 7 commerce site from scrats and then converted a Drupal 5 -> Drupal 6 UC site. My take on commerce vs ubercart is that right now, commerce has a much stronger and well built core system, but UC has many more contrib modules with a lot of features. Depending on the UC you are converting, you might have you spend considerable time custom coding what you have in ubercart contrib.
My advise is, to go for commerce drupal 7, but wait a bit until it is more mature and has a better suported upgrade path from Ubercart.
Comment: see the resources mentioned below as this answer doesn't provide the most up-to-date information.
Answer: I don't think there is an easy no munging method to get to Drupal Commerce. Over time, someone will hopefully publish some MigrationDestination and MigrationSources that correspond with Commerce products and Ubercart products (orders, customers, etc) respectively for use with the Migrate module.
Answer: The documentation isn't complete on the official site and there are many bugs that you may need to consider before making a switch. Not all the critical bugs are fixed for the 7 branch and the list gets longer if you look for issues with ubercart.


why does Indian Bitcoin exchanges offer huge spreads( Bid and Ask)?

Question: Why does Indian bitcoin exchnages are offering huge spread and why not international exchanges(ex:bitstamp,btc-e)
Answer: Both Bitstamp and BTC-e are international exchanges that focus on worldwide customers.  Because of that, the market is much larger and more liquid and the spreads are more narrow.  However, none of these exchanges will convert rupee (INR) or provide local deposits and withdrawals.
The local bitcoin exchanges do significantly less volume, so they have to charge a bit more. In addition, they provide services such as bid/ask in INR and integration with local Indian banks.
As more competition comes to the local exchange market, spreads will likely narrow, but still not match a Bitstamp or btc-e.
Answer: Even within a single exchange, different coins usually have very different spreads. Take a look at cryptsy: some coins have an enormous spread (10% - 20% of their value, e.g. UNOcoin, 42coin, etc.) whilst in others the sell/buy orders differ by just 1 or 2 satoshis (Dogecoin and to a lesser extent Litecoin).
The reason is the same in all cases: volume. The more buyers/sellers there are in a market, the higher the possibilities at least someone will go for a smaller profit and grab/get rid of a coin when they want it rather than when/if the market reaches the ideal price. So desperate buyers/sellers try to out-compete each other until the price more or less stabilizes at the point of minimum profit for all.
If there are no strong barriers to rapidly buying from an international exchange to sell at those Indian ones and/or vice versa, you could try making a profit from such differences - that's actually what happens at the biggest exchanges such as Mt. Gox, BTC-e, etc. which causes the prices at each to rapidly reflect the changes occurring at the others.


Can propagation by layering be started in the fall?

Question: I have a thriving elderberry bush I'd like to propagate. Can I start layering, as in bury a shoot of the bush, in late summer/fall and expect to have an independent rooted plant which can be separated and transplanted in the following spring or fall? If so, are there any additional considerations for layering over winter that I should have in mind to boost chances of success?
Comment: In my garden elderberries grow like weeds, from seed. I pull up probably 20 or 30 per year! Just look around and see if you have some new plants already. There is no point layering them IMO. Just take softwood cuttings in spring and you can easily get 50 new plants from one parent, if you really want that many.
Comment: @alephzero sounds like an answer to me!
Answer: Do starts of your Elderberry in POTS with potting soil, now.  Use artificial lighting which you should be looking into anyway for all your gardening.  The only way to grow anything during the winter!  Elderberry is one of my top fav small trees for jam and the wildlife...the birds!  Look up the purple cultivars...GORGEOUS flowers, bees, butterflies are so very attracted and take pictures of these flowers!  Breath taking flowers.
These trees need thinning every year and they will be beautiful.  The berry production is phenomenal; elderberry wine, very happy birds...in fact, you will have to be on top of these berries, profuse bunches to beat the birds' consumption. Not a berry made it to the ground.  Have you seen the bunches of berries?  You don't have to go pick berries, just cut off a heavily laden branch of massive berries to use for your own use.  Otherwise the animals will clean them up for you!
Sambucus Black Lace
Answer: Yes, you can do layering now,but it likely won't have rooted sufficiently to be removed from the parent plant in spring, more likely by mid to late summer. Just peg down a few shoots into the soil, assuming  you have any low enough, water them in and leave them to get on with it.You can peg them down into pots filled with potting soil, but they're more difficult to look after because they will need regular watering before winter arrives and after it passes, and if you have very cold winters, there's a risk the soil in the pots might freeze, which will kill  any baby roots that might have started forming.
Comment: It's always worth trying if you have shoots low down...  and you could  take cuttings too from higher up
Comment: Thanks for confirming. The reason I ask is because I have low shoots that are almost asking to be layered, I just need to bury them in the soil a bit and cap that with a rock to keep them there over winter. I can wait until later in the following summer or even the fall after this one before transplanting, I just wondered if I could get started with it now so they're even better established and ready for transplanting.