How come Quicktime plays .avi files but iTunes doesn't?

Question: I think I might be missing something but it seems like Quicktime is happy playing my .avi movies but iTunes isn't. So I have to go through the rigmarole of converting .avi to .mp4 with iTunes before viewing in iTunes or on my iPod Touch. This of course means I end up with two versions of the same file (three if I need to view on iPod). Is there some solution to the issue? I'm going to have to buy yet another portable hard drive before the month is out ...
Comment: is perian installed on your mac? It only supports QuickTime but not iTunes.
Comment: Also the the codec support on your iPod is very limited, so it really cannot do anything beside what Apple wants it to (ie. Apple's own stuff - h264 and mpeg4).
Comment: Anything that's working in Quicktime player (including the Perian codecs) should be working in iTunes too, as iTunes is just using Quicktime for playback. So not sure what's going on there.

For your iPod (or any other iOS device), you're always going to have to convert though, I'm afraid.
Comment: Do you mean iTunes itself (on your Mac) doesn't play it, or merely that it has to be converted before you can send it to the iPod?  The first would be truly strange, the second is normal.  iTunes itself can do the conversion.  And, yes, there will be two versions of it (on the Mac) afterward.
Comment: you can download software like Miro or Vuze (they are used mainly for torrenting) however they play wide varieties of file types and can honestly play almost anything they come across. However as far as the Ipod goes XQYZ is right apple doesn't tend to like anything that isn't apple :p
Answer: As per this MacRumors forum post:

There are three ways to get .avi files to load into the iTunes library, these are packaging it in a supported format (QT-Pro workaround), adding extra entries to the CFBundleDocumentTypes (may cause problems when updating iTunes) or adding the movie-type meta-data to the file. Adding the movie-type meta-data to the file is the quickest, easiest and safest of all of these options (IMHO).

He then outlines a method to add the movie-type metadata.
in Terminal (requires Dev Tools)
$ SetFile -t "MooV" /path/to/movie.avi

Then run this Applescript:
tell application "Finder"
   set file type of file this_file to "MooV"
end tell

The original post I linked above has a full Applescript droplet or Folder Action that could do this automatically.
Answer:
So I have to go through the rigmarole of converting .avi to .mp4 with iTunes before viewing in iTunes or on my iPod Touch. This of course means I end up with two versions of the same file (three if I need to view on iPod).

I feel your pain!

Is there some solution to the issue?

z264

check file for AVC encoding and flv, wmv, or mkv wrapper and rewrap in mp4 container otherwise, if not already am mp4, transcode to AVC mp4
z264 has several dependencies (mediainfo, rmtrash, ffmpeg, SublerCLI, and HandBrakeCLI)

copy and paste into text file, uncomment binary install section (remove #), save anywhere
open Terminal.app
chmod +x z264

run once
./z264

recomment binary section (replace #) after dependencies install into /usr/local/bin/
create ramdisk called 'Two' using command in ramdisk section
diskutil quiet erasevolume HFS+ 'Two' `hdiutil attach -nomount ram://4194304`

double-check command definitions (locations of dependencies), and correct locations (to "/usr/local/bin/")
change line 231 to read:  mediainfo="/usr/local/bin/mediainfo"
change line 236 to read:  rmtrash="/usr/local/bin/rmtrash"
change line 238 to read:  ffmpeg="/usr/local/bin/ffmpeg"
change line 239 to read:  SublerCLI="/usr/local/bin/SublerCLI"
change line 262 to read:  mediainfo="/usr/local/bin/mediainfo"
change line 263 to read:  rmtrash="/usr/local/bin/rmtrash"
change line 265 to read:  HandBrakeCLI="/usr/local/bin/HandBrakeCLI"

save as z264 in /usr/local/bin/
use Terminal to call z264 on single file, directory of files, or your entire drive
z264 directory.full.of.mixed.video.filetypes/*

z264 will examine everything, but will only touch avi, flv, mpg, mpeg, wmv, vob, mkv and mp4 video files, copying video and audio streams and rewrapping if possible, transcoding just the audio if necessary, and transcoding only what video is necessary, and leave you with iTunes friendly, atom optimized mp4 files, leaving the originals in your Trash. It makes reasonably intelligent decisions for you about how to transcode files based on how you set its HandBrake variables (set at lines 312-333).
minor issues: does not yet count how many background processes it spawns, meaning if there are a lot of transcodes, it will take awhile for them to complete, but they will complete. You also need a lot of memory (8GB is ok). Snow Leopard users will need to install purge command from xcode developer tools.


Help installing a dimmer switch in a 3-way

Question: I'm trying to install a dimmer switch on a 3-way switch (there's another switch that also controls this light). The old switch has a black and white wire each connected to a brass screw, another black wire going into a hole labeled common, and a third black wire attached to the black screw next to the common hole. The bare ground wire is coiled up in the back of the box. The directions only mention connecting 4 wires, including the ground. We initially got the light to work and dim when connecting the third black wire to the ground on the new switch. However, another light and ceiling fan didn't work. I suspect one of the black wires goes on to power the other light switch and fan downstream. Where do I attach this wire to the dimmer?
Comment: I'm usually one to be encouraging, but you should probably stop doing electrical work until you do some basic study of wiring principles. You're flirting with disaster. Connecting an unknown wire to ground is never a good idea.
Comment: By the way, the wire on the black screw is stripped too long and wound backward on the screw.
Comment: Hello, and welcome to Home Improvement. Here, trial and error can start a fire, or kill you or a loved one. And, you should probably [take our tour](//diy.stackexchange.com/tour) so you'll know you'll know the details of contributing here.
Answer: You'll have to take the black wire that was hooked to the black common screw and hook it to the black wire that went into the hole marked "common". Then both of those wires get connected to the "line or hot" wire for the dimmer. The other two wires get hooked to the dimmer per the instructions as does your ground wire.


Adding missing locations on OpenStreetMap programmatically for Android application?

Question: i am working on android application using osm. Many locations are not on osm that google map providing. But i need to show all missing locations on osm also.
what can i do to solve this problem?
Can i do in this way: Get all missing location's detail from google map and then put all those locations on osm?
Comment: Almost certainly not, check out osm's rules on contributions
Answer: No, as Ian Turton says you can't add data from Google to OSM.  You can get more information on what are suitable sources for OSM here and here.


When does Messages in iCloud actually sync?

Question: I just updated my iPhone 6s to the latest iOS version and turned on Messages in iCloud (Settings → my name → iCloud → turn on Messages).
However I don't think anything got uploaded to iCloud, per the below screenshots showing my iCloud storage. When/how does this happen?
The first photo shows my iCloud storage breakdown. It seems to suggest space being used for messages, but after tapping into the messages detail you can see Zero KB are used for conversations.
Also this was immediately after enabling Messages in iCloud so I'm skeptical that it could have uploaded 600 MB that quickly (and there was no network activity indicator in the upper left hand corner of my iPhone) But about 15 minutes later it hasn't changed.
Does it just happen when iPhone isn't in use? Overnight? How will I know when it is done?
Answer: This happens with the same criteria as iCloud Backup: when the device is plugged in, idle (overnight) and connected to a Wi-Fi network.


Where's the "d" key on vim adventures level 5?

Question: I'm playing https://vim-adventures.com and cannot find the "d" key on level 5. It says it's in the word island but mine is the same as it was before. I know I need to do dw later but I can't find the "d" to start with!
Answer: The key mentioned in the red text is not the key 'd'. You'll get 'd' from the text left of this, the one that tells how to use d. You can complete that one with the keys you have from earlier


Why do tires with low air pressure experience more friction?

Question: How does tyre pressure affect the frictional force on a tyre even though friction is independent of area of contact? And how does one analyze or calculate this friction?
Comment: Google for _tread squirm_, a.k.a., _tire squirm_.
Answer: As the other answer says, tires are complicated by having dynamical changes in surface that depend on the pressure, which change the effective pressure coefficient.
What happens when the tire is flattened a larger area takes up the normal force , so normal per unit area goes down. The fact is that a flat tire does not roll, so kinetic friction is important .

New models are beginning to show how kinetic friction can be greater than static friction. Kinetic friction is now understood, in many cases, to be primarily caused by chemical bonding between the surfaces, rather than interlocking asperities; however, in many other cases roughness effects are dominant, for example in rubber to road friction.

Here is an engineering table with the caveats:

The coefficient of friction between two materials in relative sliding may depend on contact pressure, surface roughness of the relative harder contact surface, temperature, sliding velocity and the type of lubricant whether the level of contamination. It's the reason that the data found in the many reference tables available may show a large variation.

The rolling coefficient for cars depends  additively and inversely on pressure:
c = 0.005 + 1/p (0.01 + 0.0095(v/100)^2)
v velocity km/h , p tire pressure in bars
So it is an empirical formula.I would guess that the higher the pressure, the smaller the effective area of contact, which makes the friction coefficient pressure dependent due to the changes on the type of contact, i.e. the type of contact surface-surface changes with the change in pressure and effectively gives the formula above.
Answer: For a general discussion, from CarTalk, see http://www.cartalk.com/content/service-your-car-13
Also see http://www.drivesure.com/2012/03/27/why-tire-pressure-matters/
They repeat the "low tire pressure  increases surface contact", as stated in the answer by kpv.  Rolling resistance does increase with low tire pressure.
Tires are quite complicated, and involve many engineering trade-offs; you cannot use rigid body notions in order to evaluate a tire!
For the case at hand, low tire pressure, the immediate problem is excess flexing, especially in the sidewalls, which results in accelerated wear.  Heating is increased by at least two of the new conditions: the flexing, and the reduction in the exposed surface area due to the surface contact.


Connecting a Wii remote to the Pi

Question: I'm trying to connect a Wii remote to the Pi and use it in a python script. I've tried XWiiMote, but I can't get it to compile. All of the other libraries for Wiimotes I've found don't even work anymore (Wiican, CWiid). Has anyone had any luck with this? XWiiMote has python bindings, it's perfect.
Comment: What errors did you get when you tried to compile XWiiMote?
Comment: [using ./configure](http://pastebin.com/uYyy8171)

However, I restarted the pi and tried ./autogen.sh again and it may have worked. It's compiling now.
Comment: It looks like xwiimote installed fine, but the bindings won't install now. [link to error](http://pastebin.com/rvW5PU0D)
Answer: Start by installing cwiid:
sudo apt-get install python-cwiid

Next set your bluetooth adapter to discoverable mode:
sudo hciconfig hci0 piscan

next open a python console by entering python at the command line.
import the cwiid module:
import cwiid

press 1 and 2 on you wiimote to make it discoverable
then create a reference to the wiimote and save it for later access:
wm = cwiid.Wiimote()

Further details and info on making the connection more reliable are available here.

Connecting a Wii remote to the Pi


Required visa for work-at-home (abroad) person visiting his/her employer in US

Question: I'm working here in Philippines for a company in US and they me pay directly. Prior to this work, I got a multiple entry B-1/B-2 visa for US. I would like to go to the US this year so that I can have a face-to-face meeting with my employer. Do I need another US visa for this purpose?
Comment: Is your visa B1/B2?
Comment: Yes, it is indicated as B1/B2.
Comment: Are you really an employee of the company (which in most countries means that every time you get paid, there's also some money going to social security, retirement, etc), or do you have your own company (even if acting as a sole trader), and you invoice the "employer" and declare and pay yourself all required taxes etc? If the latter, you are really an employee of that company, visiting a client.
Answer: There is unfortunately some complexity here, due to your status as an employee of the US company.
If you were an employee of another company, your B1/B2 visa would enable you to go and consult with a customer or business partner. Many thousands of people visit the US on this basis every day.
If you were a contractor you would probably also be fine, although it might be better to arrange to not be paid for the time you are in the US (and have your customer up your rate to compensate). Contractors have been denied entry under similar circumstances.
However as an employee of a US company you have a problem, at least theoretically. The two main requirements for business visits to be covered by B1 are:

Not doing any actual work (as opposed to planning, presenting or talking about work)
Not receiving money from US sources.

You satisfy 1 but not 2.
If you are very insistent that you are not working you might well be admitted. However it might also be worthwhile consulting a specialist lawyer to check
You might consider setting yourself up as a one person contractor, so that you can reasonably claim to not be receiving money from US sources (your company would receive the money, and it would pay you).
Comment: a lawyer is not necessary, as the state department clearly states the requirements, and this is not a complicated visa.
Comment: @AussieJoe but one requirement of a B-1 visa is to receive no income from a US source.  If the contractor is being paid personally by the US client, the situation isn't particularly simple.  Is it sufficient to refrain from billing for the time spent in meetings in the US?  I doubt that's settled law, which implies that talking to a lawyer would be useful.
Answer: You technically can use a B1 Visitor visa to only consult with business associates, but you cannot partake in any employment activities. That is specifically outlined by the US state department here:

Business (B-1)
Consult with business associates Attend a scientific,
  educational, professional, or business convention or conference Settle
  an estate Negotiate a contract

If you come to visit the US, with the purpose of a business meeting, you need a B1 business visa.
If you come to visit the US, with the purpose of employment, you need an Employment visa.
Comment: @AussieJoe load the comments under the question.
Comment: This is completely unhelpful. You CAN use a B1/B2 visa to have business meetings, and the OP says they have a B1/B2.
Comment: @DJClayworth you know something the state department website doesnt?
Comment: I think @DJClayworth's objection would be resolved if you were to lead with the B-1 rules, since the visa is a B-1/B-2 visa and can therefore be used for either purpose.
Comment: @DJClayworth the OP does NOT say which visa they have. You are making ASSUMPTIONS. This is straight from the state department website. Have a nice day.
Comment: @phoog comments are not questions


Can I add lemon zest to a shortbread cookie recipe?

Question: I would like to use a shortbread recipe for making lemon short bread cookies, this recipe only uses sugar and butter and doesn't use any eggs or milk, I was thinking that perhaps I could add lemon extract and use lemon zest do you think it would work?
Answer: If the recipe on its own (without alteration) works, your modifications should be safe, mind that an oily extract or coarsely cut zest could have an additional shortening effect.
Be careful with lemon JUICE though, the acidity can change the texture. And avoid putting in other watery ingredients (milk,juices), they will encourage gluten formation and lead to a softer, cakey cookie.
Expect there to be SOME leavening and deformation in the oven if using butter/margarine, since there is still water bound in these fats. So if a perfect "commercially baked" look is desirable, constraining the cookies in molds and/or using different fats might be needed.
Experimentation with different flour grades, and probably with adding pure starches, is a good thing to do once you have made the base recipe work.
Comment: I agree with @rackandboneman; I make traditional shortbread (flour, sugar, salt, butter) and have added lemon zest on occasion (finely grated on a microplane, 2-3 teaspoons). I wouldn't recommend extract (or lemon oil).
Comment: Zest can also be made by peeling it off with a sharp knife and mincing - just avoid getting any white pith in, and by all means avoid packaged lemon zest unless you can agree with what is on the surprisingly long ingredients list of such products.


Snap object to the center of another object face

Question: Hi I got a Cube and a Cylinder. What is the fastest way (minimal steps) to move the Cylinder, so the center of the bottom face of the Cylinder will snap to the center of top face of the Cube ?
Answer: Three Steps

Make origin of Cylinder at it's bottom face.
Place 3D Cursor on the top face of the Cube.
Move Cylinder (Selection) to 3D Cursor.
Answer: 2 1/2 Steps
In Object Mode, With Pivot set to 'Active Element', Manipulate Center Points switched On, Snap Off, but set to 'Face' and 'Closest'..

Select Cylinder, then Cube, and S,ShiftZ,0
If the bottom of the cylinder isn't close to the top of the cube, GZ until it is.
CtrlGZ to snap the bottom of Cylinder to the top of Cube.
Comment: But there are so many settings I'd have to undo again, in real life I'd do it @cgslav 's way.


Marriage Visitor Visa - Eventually Settle in UK (US Citizen)

Question: I'm a US citizen intending on marrying my UK citizen fiancé. However, I'm not sure whether my situation will fall under a Marriage Visitor Visit or a Fiancé Visa. I'm still a little new to this but I want to apply for a visitor visa because at the time of marriage, I will have too many investments at home and cannot stay indefinitely in the UK. However, after some time, I would like to immigrate to the UK once everything settles down. Is that possible or is this considered "cheating the system"? I know with a Fiancé, you show intent of settlement but again, I cannot settle immediately. Can someone please help me understand which option is best? Thanks!
Answer: This is not 'cheating the system' and indeed this is one of the purpose's of a Marriage Visa (it covers a few scenarios). Just demonstrate everything you've stated here clearly and your application should be relatively straightforward.


Creating menu for a video file (not for DVD)

Question: I need to create a menu for a video, which will be written onto a disk not in a DVD format, but as a single file (f.e. mp4). The problem is that programs such as Adobe Encore are not able (as far as I'm concerned) to create a 'standalone' menus (executable-like). What is the recommended way to do such a thing?
Comment: Hmm, I learned something new today.  I didn't even know this was possible before today, but apparently it is part of the MP4 spec.  [This](http://forum.doom9.org/showthread.php?s=&threadid=66583) doom9 thread has some discussion, but isn't really all that user friendly.  Hopefully someone has more experience with this and can offer some advice.  I'm curious too.
Comment: I'm sure I remember reading about plans to implement this in Matroska, but I don't think that went anywhere... and, of course, you'll run into the problem that no players will be able to use the menus, probably. Interesting problem, though.
Answer: Looking at what Mr Henderson was saying, it appears you will need to have some basic programming skills to do what you want.  The system he provided a link to appears to be based off of a markup language (similar to HTML if you've used that).  If you aren't afraid to get your hands dirty with some basic programming that would be the way to go.
(details here: http://forum.doom9.org/showthread.php?s=&threadid=66583)
Alternatively you could use Encore and create an image (ISO) of the DVD, but I'm not sure if it's possible to run a disk image independently of a disk.
I will play around with Adobe Encore tomorrow and see if there is a way to export a standalone menu.
Comment: It is possible to run a disk image in many DVD player applications, but I didn't get the impression that would meet the OPs requirements.  If it does, it simplified things considerably though, so probably worth seeking clarification over.


What is the difference between the Eastern and Western views of the one essence/substance of the Godhead?

Question: The philosophical metaphysics used by the Eastern and Western church's seem to be heavily influenced by Plato and Aristotle, respectively. How does this affect each's theology of the substance/essence in the Godhead?
Answer: The divine energy of Eastern Orthodox theology defines the divine 'essence' as an abstract definition of what 'God is', while the 'energy' is the 'working-energy' of what God does.  The western theological meaning of 'essence' includes 'working energy' in the definition already. For anybody familiar with programming terms, Eastern Orthodox sort of splits God into a class (essence) and eternally substantiated object of that class (energy) both class and object are eternal and uncreated.
For some reason the eastern Monk Gregory Palamas (1296–1359) came up with a distinction between God's Essence and God's energy.  The Essence-Energy distinction was a theological framework used by Palamas to explain how creation can participate in the experience of God, without becoming God. The idea in simple form is that 'the manifestation of God' or 'the experience of God' must be separated out from the non-experience-able essence of God; otherwise we are left with a Pantheistic view. This Pantheistic view would be seen as Neo-Platonic--Aristotelian. Something the western view is accused of being.
From the Western standpoint, this distinction was never needed as Western theologians simply used current handy Greek terms to explain the problem away in accordance with Christian concepts of God. The use of these terms does not automatically make the western view of God to be like Plato's or Aristotle's just because words have been borrowed. More specifically Thomas Aquinas used concepts such as Aristotle's distinction between 'Potentiality versus Actuality' as well as 'Actus Purus', to show that to the Christian view of God automatically avoided Pantheism.
The idiots guide (i.e. my own) to Aristotle's view of what 'essence' is and how it was borrowed and modified under a Christian lens is pretty simple. There is a kind of 'essence' beyond the particular embodiment, for example, if there is something called human, then Frank is only an example of, human essence, In addition if Frank is to really be a real human (his potential) he needs to become one actually through an chain of events (working-energy). Applying these terms to God necessarily means that God can't have any such division of potential versus actualization of potential.  God is perfect he can't become actualized and so his essence and working-energy is within the same incomprehensible perfection of his singular being.
To apply this concept to the eastern proposal, a division of essence and energy is rejected. Since God can't have potential that is not actualized, and actualization implies working-energy, the idea of a separating energy from essence is incongruous to God's perfection. Manifestations of his presence in time and space are not based on any separation within his own perfections and this does not allow for any kind of Pantheistic view by default.
I have oversimplified all the lengthy philosophical terms a bit, but I think you get the western idea from this. Hopefully you also sense the somewhat nauseous headache one obtains splicing these terms and how needless they are when approaching the more simple faith of those in the New Testament.
So what am I saying, well both camps seem to just use different terms to try and say the same thing. They both resorted to the overly intellectual use of philosophical distinctions, which was probably partly required as a reaction to on the multitude of heresies over the Trinity, etc., which the church suffered at that time faced. However if Palamas meant that the uncreated energies were truly ontologically distinct from God;s essence ,as are the three persons of the Trinity, then Palamas is less innocent that it would appear under my western view.  Some scholars say he did make this true distinction and other say he did not.
For a more complicated review these two articles basically throw in all the controverted points:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiality_and_actuality#Potentiality
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essence-Energies_distinction
Comment: Great answer, but my question was more about ousia than essence/energies distinction. I am Orthodox and was taught that God is not of a substance that is comprehensible since God the Father has no origin and is eternal and infinite. It is improper to speak of things as physical and metaphysical but rather it is Christian to speak of things as created and uncreated.
Comment: God the Father is the origin, source of the Trinity not God in substance or essence. Meanwhile the West used Aristotles metaphysics / ontology argument is what I was taught. Looking to hear it explained more fairly to both sides, I think I got oversimplified version of West view.
Comment: I like your explanation of essence / energies but I am just interested in essence in this question.
Comment: I think this is the only difference. Mix the essence and energy together, from eastern thought and you have the western essence concept. The only philosophical aspect of just essence is the term hypostasis which allowed for three persons to have the same essence yet be different persons.
Comment: Ok yes I see u point now. Is good answer, was just not seeing created vs uncreated, ousia, metaphysics words I was looking for. I mark it accepted


Adding a topic for software/application advice

Question: I recently asked a question, and was denied, because it was off topic: What are the key features to look for in mobile device apps for hiking/camping?. Can we add a topic, or update the policy to allow asking about technology, software, devices, etc. that can benefit one who spends time outdoors?
Answer: I think it's a bit odd that this is off-topic in the FAQ.  Why would we exclude computer software that is used for hiking?  Because it's largely used for other things?  It just seems like odd logic that if largely applied would look like this
1 -- No physical map questions for hiking maps because physical maps as a whole is a broader topic that does not include TGO.
2 -- No food questions for food to eat while hiking, because food as a whole is a broader topic that does not include TGO.
3 -- No raingear questions
4 -- etc.
I can see and understand development of said software being off topic, but why should software recommendations be different from any of the other recommendation questions we have?
At this point in time, mobile trail software is just another type of gear, and a type much more commonly used than maps, compasses, star navigation, etc.
Comment: +1 - Agreed. Although I cringe at the explosion of technology in the outdoors, that doesn't mean it doesn't belong here. Besides, what is a GPS (which we seem to allow) but a single-purpose bit of software / technology?
Comment: I also used to cringe at the explosion of hiking GPS devices, but bought one anyway because i work in IT and like a gadget or two. I put it in a dry bag and more or less forgot about it at the bottom of a day sack.... Then one day it saved my butt and now i won't go without it. I do like a compass much more, but unexpected fog is no joke.
Comment: (note, I'm speaking to the topicality of trail software, not that question in particular)
Comment: @sirex I'll second the fog. We had a map but no compass (and no GPS) when the freak foggy snowstorm caught us on a day hike. Only time I have seriously had to ask, "do we have enough stuff to survive the night." Fortunately, we didn't have to answer that. Fog broke just enough to get our bearings. We survived. And thus did not learn our lesson. I still almost never carry a compass.
Answer: Personally I think that question should be considered on topic. I do think it should also be a CW though; it doesn't have one "set" answer and is a bit of a classic candidate.


analyze how data is read in android usb device

Question: I've a huawei envizion 360, which doesn't provide any API for other application. But I want to read raw data from this device, to an android or to a raspberry-pi for debugging and development purpose. I need an android application to record video or take picture from this external device.
But when I tried to debug this application using Android Studio, I got :
<code>Missing debug symbols
                    To debug the APK, native libraries (*.so files) must have debug symbols.
                    The following libraries are missing debug symbols:
                    * libViewController.so
                    * libijkffmpeg.so
                    * libijkplayer.so
                    * libijksdl.so
                    * librtmpClient.so
</code>
I was told that I can't get those debug symbol, due to r8 processing.
So my question is how can read raw frames/data from this device. Any idea ?
I just have to read data so that I can embed data directly in my application. So my main goal is to decode how those data are being read.
Comment: Android r8 is only relevant for Java/Dex code. You have here native code in form of .so files. Typically those files are always stripped of debugging symbols. As native code is something completely different than dex code r8 has nothing to do with those libraries.
Answer: You have two possible approaches in here:

Analyze the APK of the device, reverse engineer it and try to make sense of how it communicates with the USB device.
Connect the USB device to a computer, sniff the USB packets, and try to make sense of how it communicates with the host.

I believe the former would be straightforward and simpler than the latter, not necessarily always though.


Facebook updates every two days

Question: I just bought a Nexus 5 (US version) and for the past 2 to3 weeks I have noticed that Facebook  updates every time I am connected to Wi-fi, I mean I am a developer so I can imagine that updates come out but not so often I assume. Should I just turn auto update off or is there something else that can be done?
Comment: Are you a tester for the Alpha or Beta releases?
Comment: No, I have never enrolled in a tester program for Facebook!
Answer: Facebook does indeed update pretty often with random bug fixes as well as security, performance and stability updates. Often this depends on the company as well as the urgency of the update. Security updates tend to be urgent and are often shipped as quickly as the exploits are patched whilst minor bug fixes might be accumulated first and shipped as a larger update later on.
Automatic updates means less savvy users always have the latest version of the Facebook app and the relevant bug fixes and security patches.
If this bothers you, consider disabling automatic updates.
EDIT
This is the Facebook changelog taken from Changelog Droid
Comment: But I mean, is it so often that the updates come in, once ever day, or am I the only one facing these?
Comment: Take a look at the changelog I posted above and check if your updates correspond.
Answer: https://play.google.com/apps/testing/com.facebook.katana/
Check to ensure you are indeed not in the beta testing.
Comment: Unfortunately I am no more an android user.

Facebook updates every two days


How to bring my Olive's branches back to life?

Question: I have an Olive tree that I keep indoors and potted (lots of sunlight in room and let it breath outdoors occasionally), I went away for a few weeks and the leaves on the bottom few branches have completely dried out. I want to bring these lower branches back to life, because if I cut off the branches completely I'm worried it will look too top heavy.
Is there a way to trim these lower branches to promote growth without completely removing them?
Thanks!
Comment: Do you keep this indoors because its too cold outside where you are, or because you just want it indoors as a houseplant? what part of the world are you in? The tree looks etiolated and probably needs hard pruning, and definitely a lot more light (or preferably, being outdoors)...but depends where you are.....
Answer: Hello Nicole & Welcome,
It looks like there is one branch on the right side of the picture and two or three on the left. Other than that the tree appears to be in very good health.  If you are lucky those branches will drop the dried brown leaves and push out new leaves.  If they don't it's okay.  It will not be too top heavy.
You can test to see if these branches are still alive.  Scratch the bark off the surface in a small spot near the ends of the branches.  If below the bark is green the limb is still alive.  If it is brown, then scratch off another spot closer to the main trunk, check again.  Slowly work your way toward the main trunk.  Once you reach a spot that is still green you can prune the tree at that spot.  Its best you first do a test scratch on a limb that you know is alive so you know what you are looking for.
Answer: Get the lower branches (and trunk) more sun.  The branches could eventually growth up again (with new leaves) or just new branches could come out from trunk.
Maybe a pruning on some top branches will get a better balance.


How far can you get video without a VTX antenna?

Question: My VTX antenna connector got ripped off the VTX, and I don't know if I fixed it properly or not since the VTX sends video without an antenna plugged in.
Answer: First off, DO NOT power up the quad without a VTX antenna as this can damage the VTX.
And to actually answer your question, it varies. Depending on the quality of the VTX and the power output, you may find you get a decent signal for a small distance, however the signal will be significantly weaker than if you had an antenna and penetration will not be good.
Comment: Also important to note that continuity isn't necessarily required for an antenna to somewhat function (and also limit impedance to non-damaging levels). Putting the contacts _really close_ to each other is effectively connecting them at these frequencies
Comment: Ok thanks, but how can I know if my antenna is actually connected to the VTX? I have an Eachine mini VTX from the wizard x220.
Comment: @Vichot the simplest way would simply be to do a range test, however that would involve powering up the VTX so you may damage it. The best way in my opinion would be to check continuity between the connector and the board - is it an MMCX or U.FL connector you had to replace?
Comment: I will test it but I am buying another VTX today anyways, it was just to know so I don't have to wait another month to get back in to the air, since I am going to replace it I don´t really care if it gets powerd with out the antenna. Thank you for the help.
Comment: @Vichot you're welcome. Best of luck!


How to cut carbon handlebars

Question: Last year, I installed carbon bars on one of my mountain bikes and I'm finding them too wide. I've been told that taping over the points you're going to cut at will prevent fraying/roughness, but what type of hacksaw blade should you use? Any other tips?
Comment: Yeah, fine-tooth or abrasive blade, and a dust mask.
Answer: At the shop we generally use a "normal" hacksaw blade. I'd go with finer blade (more teeth per inch) if there's an option. Go slow and smooth (long low pressure strokes) and keep the blade perpendicular to the bars. The tape will probably help but do take care removing the tape or you might cause the fray you're trying to avoid.
There are special carbon cutting blades. We tried these and switched back to hacksaw.
Happy Riding!
Comment: Wear a dust mask as the dust from carbon fiber is not something you want to inhale.
Comment: The special carbon cutting blades use an abrasive rather than teeth which is ideal, however, you can get abrasive blades for much less money than ones "designed" for carbon fiber. Try: http://www.mcmaster.com/#handsaw-blades/=luqjnm
Comment: Also relevant: http://velonews.competitor.com/2009/10/bikes-and-tech/lennard-zinn-takes-a-look-at-a-saw-specifically-designed-to-cut-carbon-tubes_98870
Comment: Besides wearing a mask, a wet cutting could further reduce the spreading of dust (a friend with a hose is what comes to mind).
Answer: Additionally: To cut at a perfect rightangle, I use two 'lock-on' collars (the sort that come with ODI MTB grips) next to eachother with a small gap between them as a guide for the hacksaw.
Answer: I've had better luck with the purpose made tungsten carbide blades. The teeth on a normal hacksaw blade tend to fray the carbon fibers more easily, especially with a low tooth count blade. The carbide blades are less apt to cause fraying, but you still have to be mindful as you cut. Let the blade do the work for you- don't bare down on the saw as you make your strokes.
The other big part to cutting carbon is your own personal safety. Carbon dust is nasty stuff that you don't want to inhale. A dust mask is one way mitigate the dust, but it still goes everywhere just to be knocked back up into the air later. Your best bet for keeping the dust out of the air is to spray water or rubbing alcohol (it dries quicker) onto the area you are cutting as you cut it. This traps the dust and keeps it in one place. Once you're done cutting you just wipe up the liquid and allow the area to dry. Much tidier and better for your lungs and the lungs of your shop mates.
Answer: I used a 32tpi hacksaw blade with a miter box from IKEA that they sell to cut their ceiling hanging curtain rail to keep my cut perpendicular to the bar.
It was a bit tougher cutting than I expected. But patience and no problems.
I'll echo the caution of carbon fiber dust. I sprayed the area with water and I still got "cotton" at the back of my throat.
But no fraying and some 150 grit sandpaper helped smooth the edges.

How to cut carbon handlebars


which is the best wood for a patio set?

Question: Hi it is the first time for me to woodwork.. I would like to know which is the best and resistant wood to built a patio set. I'd like two chairs, small table and umbrella.
Comment: Welcome to SE. As we're not a discussion forum, one specific question per post, please.
Comment: Redwood is the longest lasting of all the wood I have used for decking and tables but it is expensive. Cedar would be the next best but if not sealed well the splinters can be a real pain in ,,, where ever they get you.
Comment: If this is your first time making furniture then I would recommend cheap, easy to work, pine because it takes some practice to flush out ideas. Furniture building may require some new tools as well. Besides being somewhat mold resistant, redwood is also commonly used because it is soft (making it more comfortable).
Answer: Redwood, cedar, and teak are probably the most common rot-resistant species used for outdoor furniture. The first two are a pleasure to work with, but they're very soft. That means that they can be damaged more easily. Teak tends to be less common and/or more expensive.
Pine (or spruce or fir) is inexpensive and can actually last quite some time if properly sealed and not left in consistently damp environments.

which is the best wood for a patio set?


Does the GOP candidate with the most delegates have to be the nominee?

Question: Most everyone following the United States 2016 election has heard about Donald Trump's rise to power in the Republican Party. As of current, he has the most delegates, and is on track to win many more. My question is this: if Trump wins the majority of the delegates, is he locked into the nomination? Can the GOP committee independently choose another candidate to be the nominee, even if Trump has the majority of delegates?
Comment: The answer to the title question is no.  The delegate leader does not have to be the nominee.  In the body of the question though, you ask a different question.  If the candidate with the majority of delegates has to win.  As @Bobson notes, a majority does confer the nomination under current rules.  Most of the discussion though is about if Trump gets the largest minority of delegates, what happens.  This seems very similar to [this previous question](http://politics.stackexchange.com/q/10055/4666).
Answer: Officially, no.  Practically, yes.  Feasibly, maybe.
Officially, all delegates chosen to go to the national convention are bound to vote as their state allocated them, but only on the first ballot (or occasionally the first few).  Additionally, as of this election cycle, the Republican equivalent to the Democratic superdelegates (3 per state) are bound to vote as their state did.  So officially, if Trump wins the majority of delegates beforehand (1237), he will be chosen as the nominee.
That said, the rules governing the nomination process are decided solely by the Republican party (as a private organization), and can be changed at the convention itself.  This article discusses the sole example from the past:

The 1980 Democratic convention in New York (pitting incumbent President Jimmy Carter against the-dream-shall-never-die candidacy of Ted Kennedy) may provide the most relevant model for anti-Trump Republicans.
Like the Republicans today, Democratic delegates in New York were bound to their candidate for the first ballot. But badly trailing in the delegates, even as Carter's approval rate hit 21 percent in the Gallup Poll, the Kennedy backers came up with a last-ditch strategy.
Their clever idea was to free the delegates to vote their conscience instead of being robots forced to obey the results of the primaries or caucuses that selected them. Overturning the Robot Rule would have been possible, in theory, because conventions as a body have the power to change the rules — and delegates are always free agents on procedural votes.

It also points out:

It is worth remembering that — even with a delegate lead or a majority — Trump would face built-in disadvantages in Cleveland. Paul Ryan would be the convention chair and other GOP insiders would probably control relevant committees like convention rules and party platform. In some states, Trump does not get to pick his delegates slates, but instead is saddled with party stalwarts of dubious loyalty.

Thus, it is very possible that even with a majority of delegates pledged to him, the Party will act to deny Trump the nomination.
Finally, there's the question of whether the Party would do that.  FiveThirtyEight discusses it in the context of "mandates".

But the possibility of a contested convention is part of why the notion of a "mandate" is important. If (for instance) Trump has won 37 of 50 states and 49.9 percent of delegates going into the convention, then technically Republicans might be able to deny him the nomination. For that matter, technically they'd be able to deny Trump the nomination even if he had a delegate majority by changing the rules at the last minute. But the cure might be worse than the disease. It could look as though Republican elites were overriding their voters' popular will (because, uh, that's pretty much what they'd be doing). ...
By contrast, if Trump didn't have that seeming mandate — if he were far short of a delegate majority, if he were still unable to secure more than 34 percent of the vote as we got deeper into the calendar, if he'd started to lose quite a few major states (even if not always to the same opponent) in April and beyond — it would be less risky to deny him the nomination.

So it's only feasible to try and block him at the convention itself if he's not already winning.  Otherwise, they risk reinforcing the "elite vs voter" mentality that Trump is tapping into and possibly tearing the party apart.

All that said, if the first ballot fails to select a candidate, which has not happened since the modern primary system started in 1972, then everything is up for grabs.  Anyone at all can be nominated, regardless of whether they were actually running previously.  They just need to win a majority of at least eight state's delegates on any given ballot. Or the party delegates could decide on any other method of choosing a candidate, including holding yet another round of primary elections (as impractical as that would be).  Really, in the case of a contested convention, anything could happen.
Comment: As a little political commentary, it's entirely possible that some Republicans *would* prefer to tear the party apart and guarantee a loss in November just to deny Trump the White House with the accompanying changes to what the GOP's positions are.  Lose the battle but win the war.  Whether or not that is a good idea, or would even work, I won't speculate.


If any married couple have more than 12 children that breaks their marriage?

Question: I have heard today that if any married couple have more than 12 children that breaks their marriage and they should do marriage once again. Please let us know according to Islamic law, Qur'an and hadith.
Comment: Can you specify from where you heard that? How having 12 kids equals divorce?
Answer: There is no limit in terms of number of kids from one couple in islam and no, you don't have to marry again after having 12 children.
Abu Dawood (2050) narrated that Ma'qil ibn Yasaar said: A man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and said, "I have found a woman who is of good lineage and is beautiful, but she does not children. Should I marry her?" He said, "No." Then he came again with the same question and he told him not to marry her. Then he came a third time with the same question and he said: "Marry those who are loving and fertile, for I will be proud of your great numbers before the other nations." Classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Irwa' al-Ghaleel, 1784.
This hadeeth indicates that it is encouraged to marry women who are fertile, so that the numbers of the ummah will increase, and so the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) will feel proud of his ummah before all other nations. This shows that it is encouraged to have a lot of children.


Paperprototyping a swipe function

Question: I am making my first paper prototypes for a touchscreen interface. In a list view, a single bar in the list has three possible interactions, swipe left swipe right, or tap.
Swiping left will reveal a green bar and then transition to a new page, likewise swiping right will reveal a red bar, while tapping will expand the bar, pushing the lowerbars down. Sort of like this app.
So how can I portray all three of these interactions in a single paper prototype?
Comment: I agree with @AndroidHustle. You wouldn't make a mouse pointer or tap interaction visible on your prototype, so why a swipe? If you find you need them, then maybe your visual cues are not good enough.
Comment: That sounds tricky. I would probably set up a UI flow instead, covering the different interaction patterns and their effect.
Answer: You'd need some sort if indicator saying that the bar is swipe-able to begin with, for example indicator dots below, or having the red/green peeking in from the left/right. See this discussion:
best image to indicate swipe left right. With that indicator in place I would personally just use more paper prototypes to display the different states
But to answer your question: I would use a knife or scissor to make vertical incisions to the left and right of the bar, and then insert a strip of paper containing the different bar states, and then physically slide the strip left and right to display the different states. If you want to display the new page to transition to as well, I don't really see a good way of doing that in a single paper prototype
Answer: You can use a sliding bit of paper to model the swiping behavior. Once the user has begun the swipe, pause the prototype (i.e., say "hang on a sec") and put whatever you want "under" the sliding bit of paper.
Make sure the background behind the swipe paper has a bit of green on the right and a bit of red on the left, just enough for the user to notice when they start the swipe. You might need to make your covering paper extra thick to hide the bleed-through.
Obviously if the user presses on the bit of paper, it's a tap, and you can swap out to another prototype that shows the expanded version.
It will be slightly more discoverable than the 'real thing' as the extra bit of paper may be noticeable (depending on how complex the rest of the mockup is). But it will allow you to cheaply explore the swipe interaction and get that preliminary detail you need without having to code anything or forcing your user to switch to an unfamiliar application.

Paperprototyping a swipe function


What age to bring kids to graveyard

Question: My son grandma passed away and he is 3 years old. I wanted to ask what age should we bring kid to grave yard as there is a dispute in my family and I know that 3-4 is too small to bring them here. What Quran say about it.?
Comment: The qur'an say nothing about it. If that is all you want to know I can post it as an answer.
Comment: I guess going to a graveyard is fine. Sharing/expaining all the details or showing a dead body isn't fine. Kids can sense a bad/tense situation even though they're not able to fully grasp all its details
Answer: The Quran does not say anything about it as far as I know.
We visit graveyard to be reminded of death, to pray for forgiveness of the deceased or to receive tabarruk. Not one of these apply to a 3 year old as he is too young to understand anything and not mukallaf, so there is no interest served by bringing him to a graveyard.
Comment: Hi, welcome to the Islam SE. What is mukallaf and how can one argue that "the child should know, what is life and where we go" or "realities of life"

What age to bring kids to graveyard


Duplicate without user-selected canonical - OTHER version?

Question: In the Google Search Console report "Duplicate without user-selected canonical", how do you find the duplicate URL of a particular URL? Going into "Inspect URL" doesn't seem to identify the location of the other (duplicate) file. I can find the duplicate only when the "Google-selected canonical" selects the other URL, but that doesn't always happen.
Answer: To find the source of the duplicate, you could Google a large part of the page content to find out wich page(s) are indexed with this particular content.
For a better result, you should put your query into brackets.
Plz provide more details (url for example) for a more detailed answer.
Comment: I'm removing the comment asking for a tool.  Requests for a tool make this question off-topic.  Such requests are not allowed here.
Comment: disagree. the tool would presumably be related to the topic; therefore, it wouldn't be "off-topic" as you assume.
Answer: Clear Answer:
There is no way to find its easily.
You can just use external tools for detecting duplicate contents without 100% exact result or you can try it manually.


Can you use seeds after you have already gone into the womb?

Question: I have heard that to enter the Womb you cannot use seeds, but after you have unlocked the Womb can you use seeds?
Answer: Using a seed disables achievements and unlockables for that run. This means that you won't unlock the womb if your first Mom kill is on  a seeded run.
You still have access to anything already unlocked though. If you've already beaten Mom, you will be able to continue to the womb after beating her on a seeded run.
Answer: I guess you're talking about a bug in an early version of Rebirth on PS4. I don't know exactly how the bug works, but it was possible to unlock Secrets/Achievements and make progress in seeded runs.
However, this bug was fixed months ago on PS4. On PC, it was never possible to unlock things in seeded runs.


Show active links in SharePoint 2013 search results

Question: I'm working on SharePoint 2013 search.
I'm trying show results from a list.
The list has fields which are multiline and can have HTML attributes.
I am able to show search results from this field.
But I have some links in those feilds. But this links are not shown in the search summary.
Is there any way to show the link also with the search result and the user able to click on it and go to corresponding target. Now the user need to click on the item title and it will take to veiw properties page and then the user needs to click on the link and go.
Answer: Create a new Display Template for that content type so that you can add the full HTML of the field in the result. You could also create a hoverpanel for the Content type to display the HTML, it's up to you.

Create a Managed Property for the field with the HTML, if it doesn't exist.
Copy an existing Display Template and add your Managed Property to it.
Decide where you want your value to be rendered and insert it into the template
Create a Result Type Rule to display your template.

I cover all these steps in detail here: http://www.ableblue.com/blog/archive/2013/06/05/introduction-to-sharepoint-2013-display-templates/


How long are prespawn Facehuggers viable after hatching?

Question: Once a Facehugger leaves its egg, how much time does the organism have to find a host before it dies (or possibly has to reenter the egg)?
Answer: That is a very good question, for which we can only guess the answer:
It takes up to 24 hours (first Alien movie) for the facehugger to impregnate their host, during that time they do not seems to feed, so their life span should be pretty short

HOW LONG DO THEY LIVE?
  The average xenomorph life span is currently unknown, at least as far as the films go. While the eggs aboard the derelict vessel had remained there undisturbed for thousands of years, they may have been preserved via advanced technology. Ridley Scott thought the creatures led very short lives -- so short in fact that the creature is actually dying during its final encounter with Lt. Ripley.

The creature in first movie is found dead shortly after impregnating Kane but its unsure has it died because it finished the job or simply from the "old age" - my guess would be that the impregnation would shorten the lifespan, because the process requires quite a lot of energy from the hugger. Biological organism usually don't have the "Self destruct" buttons, creatures like mayflies die from lack of energy, not because they impregnated female/laid eggs.
But then the facehugger doesn't have to live long - it its supposed to simply hatch, jump at the immobilized victim, impregnate and die - besides his powerful jumps he is rather clumsy and definitely not suited to "hunt for the host" for a longer period of time (in the AvP II game such hunt happens at the beginning of the Alien campaign, but its quite short). So this would suggest that its life can be measured in hours.
On the other hand, in "Aliens" we can see live facehuggers floating in some preservative liquid for a quite long period  - longer than Sulaco's journey (I'm not sure how long exactly, but the ship's journey was long enough that required crew's hibernation). One could argue that either the liquid is somehow feeding them or that they are stronger (and therefore living longer) because they have been hatched from newly laid eggs (contrary to one from "Alien" that was born from ancient one). This information would suggest that facehuggers can live for quite a while, with lifespan measured in days or even months, although we know that Aliens can enter the hibernation if their activity is not necessary:

The Alien's apparently impending demise was telegraphed through its lethargy aboard the Narcissus shuttle, in addition to a (hardly apparent) disintegrating paint job on the creature suit. In Aliens, the creatures at Hadley's Hope are weeks old, scuppering the idea of a severely limited lifespan – with this in mind, we can easily chalk up the original Alien's lethargy to it entering hibernation, much like the Aliens within the Atmosphere Processor before they are disturbed by the Colonial Marines.

So to sum up my answer: facehuggers in normal conditions can barely survives short time (hours at best) without finding a proper host.; the impregnation process takes huge amounts of energy from their bodies which results in their death shortly after the act.
However as the adult Alien they are able to fall (in optimal conditions) into hibernation, that can extend their lifespan significantly (facehuggers in tank in Hadley's Hope), akin to hibernating insects (the whole life cycle of xenomorphs is influenced by parasitic wasps or phorid fly, whose larva eats an ant's brain).
Comment: I don't want to answer this one, so I'll just give you the tools to improve your answer.  [This site](https://alienseries.wordpress.com/2012/10/26/facehuggerchestburster/) has all the information you will need to make your answer even better than it is now.  The link leads to the most relevant article, but there are several others that will also be useful.
Comment: @WadCheber that is a wonderful page, but I doubt that it provides information from in-story point of view.
Comment: It is full of word of god quotes.  If the articles say it, it is exactly what the creators had in mind.  Use it or don't, of course.  It's entirely up to you.
Comment: Based on the biology of the egg mechanism, especially that it only hatches when a viable host is nearby, I would say that the Facehugger phase of the organism simply isn't DESIGNED to exist for any length of time outside the egg. It's essentially just a delivery system.
Comment: I agree with you @Omegacron, just the scene from "Aliens" with huggers swimming in the tank kinda defies this. It is possibly a retcon of course...
Comment: @Yasskier - See? I told you that the fan site would be useful.  ;)
Answer: Given the nature of the creature as an ambush predator (the delivery system is activated only when suitable prey comes into range) it is possible the creatures might not need to live for longer than a few hours. Either it is strong enough to impregnate its potential host or its not.

Given the creature's formidable strength, amazing speed for its size, formidable defense system (acid for blood) it wouldn't need to live long, just long enough to plant the gene-package which becomes the new Xenomorph. We have seen them in storage tanks awaiting implantation or being held alive for later dissection, (in Aliens II, the slimy corporate has a jump-scare with one in a tank) We know they can live for at least a short time pre-implantation.

The Xenomorph exhibits an r-selection reproductive strategy. When the queen drops eggs, she drops hundreds at a time. A standard insect process when the r-selection strategy is to produce as many eggs and offspring as possible, and who are born with all the instincts necessary for survival. It is also a strategy used when the environment may be unknown or hostile, much like the ones Xenomorphs tend to set up their egg groups in. This is the opposite of the k-strategy which produces a low number of highly dependent offspring whose intellectual capacity is far in excess of most r-strategy lifeforms.

Given their alarming success rate for successful implantation (accounting for Ripley and one Predator I've seen escape implantation) they have a 99.5% success rate of implantation in most prey. So dying if they miss in a few hours seems like an acceptable loss ratio if they are unsuccessful.

As an added thought, given the longevity of the egg form, they appear to be able to sit fallow for decades, perhaps even centuries, nature isn't usually so generous with her gifts. Long shelf life probably indicates a short active life since the nymph creature would be geared for resting longevity, not long-term prey tracking and hunting.

Another clue may be the creature doesn't appear to have any form of sense organs. Beyond the ambush attack, the creature doesn't appear to have or need any long-term development of external sense organs. Granted, insects don't have external ears, they usually have clearly indicated eyes which I have never seen on any of the nymph stage xenomorphs.

Here are some of the many clips of facehuggers doing what they do best. Trying to implant their prey. It is probably best listened to with the sound off.


Virus immunity from animal to humans

Question: There are number of virus which have animal as reservior and jump to human to cause disease. Why dont we use antibodies of animal to cure humans?
Like rabies in bats.
Answer: I think you're asking why don't we take antibodies from previously-infected host animals and treat humans with them. In principle, that could work, but it's impractical as you describe it. You give the example of "rabies in bats". Imagine trying to get enough blood from a 25-gram bat to treat a single person. Farming bats is hardly practical, and if you're bleeding wild bats, you're probably collecting both known and unknown viruses that you're then injecting into your patient. So this is completely impractical with wild animals, which are the donors of most of the diseases in question.
However, there's nothing magical about the antibodies from the original wild animal. (This seems to be widely misunderstood, probably from movies that make medically idiotic and impossible claims.) Any antibody can be potentially valuable for treatment, whether it comes from the original host or not, and whether it comes from the live pathogen or from a vaccine made from the pathogen.
So a more practical approach is to infect a large, easily-handled domestic animal with the pathogen in question; or better yet, with a vaccine made from killed pathogens, so there's no risk of the animal getting sick or or infecting your patient. This used to be done with rabies, in fact, using equine hyper-immune serum to treat rabies patients (Production of hyperimmune antirabies serum in horses).
However, there are major problems even with this approach. It's difficult, it means keeping large numbers of large and potentially uncooperative animals around for long period, etc. Here is a WHO document reviewing some of the problems with this approach.
A third approach is to make monoclonal antibodies. This is the most popular approach now; it lets you make sterile, safe antibodies with completely defined characteristics, with minimal risk of contamination, under controlled conditions.
There are many monoclonal antibodies out there that are used in modern medicine, including some that are used to treat pathogens. However, it's worth pointing out that antibodies are not magical panaceas; they're often much less effective than conventional antibiotic or antivirals and are often more expensive and less practical to use.

Virus immunity from animal to humans


Does a turing machine halt with input left on tape?

Question:
is the string aabb in the language of this Turing machine ?? as upon reading aa it goes to the final state but upon b there is no transition defined so won't it result in a dead configuration?
Comment: Define transition function properly. $\delta(q_2,a) = ?$
Comment: @Complexity the transition function is not given for q2 on a  there is no move defined upon q2 for any input
Comment: in PDA with final state if final state is reached there can be inputs on the stack but in TM i dont think so  but in wikipedia  -                               " If  δ  is not defined on the current state and the current tape symbol, then the machine halts; is given in wiki so once on reaching the final state doesnt it consider the rest of the input ?
Answer: When a Turing machine enters an accepting state, it immediately stops running and accepts whatever the original input string was (regardless of the state of the tape). So given the input aabb, the Turing machine will read the two as and enter the accepting state $q_2$, at which point it will halt and accept aabb.
In this case it doesn't matter that there's no transition for reading a b from $q_2$ because we've already accepted (though you are correct in general that whenever we're running a Turing machine and we arrive at a state with no transition defined for the character we're reading, we implicitly go to a dead state and reject).
Comment: This is how accepting and rejecting are defined in "Introduction to Theory of Computation" by Michael Sipser. Specifically, "accepting and rejecting configurations are halting configurations and do not yield further configurations" [pg. 141, 2nd ed.].
Comment: can u please show me a good reference


How can I see the price of an app I already purchased on the Google Play Store?

Question: I would like to find out the price of an app that I have already purchased, so that I can suggest it to a friend. When I look at the app listing, it doesn't give the price if I already have it.
Answer: You can search it on the website of Google Play Store
Comment: But you would have to do it in an incognito/private browsing tab... or log out of your Google account in that browser, otherwise it just says "Installed" or "Purchased" and does not list the price. There is no way to do with within the Play Store app when you have your Google account active in the app.
Answer: In the play store app swipe form the left then go to Account and tap on ORDER History.
Comment: If the price of the app changed since the time user bought it, this solution would show an obsolete price. I have bought many apps at 100% discount (during an offer period), so this solution is not reliable.
Answer: As user acejavelin stated either incognito or logout of google account. Which is what I suspected.


Content authors to see their own items only in workbox, not from other authors

Question: Is there a way to implement the workflow and user roles for Content authors to see their own items only in workbox not from other authors.
Answer: No, there is not. Sitecore's security (of which Workflow is an integral part) is Role-based, not individual based. The ability to "see" and "act" on an Item in the workbox is determined by the following:

Does the User have "Write" rights to the Item in question?
Does the User have "Workflow Write" rights to the Item's current Workflow State?

if either of these are false, the given Item will not show up in the User's Workbox. Since most of your users probably can answer "yes" to both of these questions, they will all be able to see the Item in the Workbox.
Note that Item Locking doesn't affect visibility either, it just prevents the user from actually editing the Item once they select it in the Workbox.
Comment: I have an item locked by user A that I've confirmed user B has write access to.  The item's workflow state was changed to a state that user B has write access to as well as workflow state write access to.  When I remove the lock, it shows up, but when user A locks it, it vanishes from user B's workflow.  I'm on Sitecore 8.2.  What am I doing wrong?


How to help young tree with damaged bark?

Question: I have been very careful with the string trimmer. I think the damage is from the original city planting or freeze damage. Should I use a chisel and cleanup the wounds or just let it be?  It is a Maple and the presence of the insect in the photo is alarming as well. The tree us doing well.
Answer: Not everyone treats trees with care.  This looks like the kind of damage that would happen if you had a potted or balled and burlapped tree and let it bounce on the gate of a pickup truck once or twice. Or this could be a lawnmower butting against the trunk two or three times.
You might think this is trivial but trees deal with wounds differently than animals and people.  Trees compartmentalize damage.  They grow callous at the edge of the wound and the edges gradually close up over time.
For this tree at least one third of circumference is no longer transporting nutrients up to the top growth.  You should expect to see slower growth on that side. Bridge grafting is a possibility.
The least effort solution is to remove the grass up to three feet (1 M) away from the trunk and mulch or top dress annually.  This will reduce competition for nutrients and water and reduce the possibility of further trimmer damage.
Do not take a chisel or other tools to the bark.  "Leave her be" is the best.
Comment: Agreed, leave her alone. On the plus side, maple wood is extremely pest resistant.  The tree may end up losing the battle, or it may end up a tree with a heck of a lot of character. Small chance it might end up right as rain. --- No chance that doing anything to the wound will help. Sealants only really help against invasions from pests, which maples aren't prone to, so the negatives introduced by sealants far outweigh the positives in this case.
Comment: I have seen some sources claim that cleaning up the wound around the edges helps speed up the recovery process.
Comment: @EvilElf arborists have gone back and forth over intervening in the formation of callous over a wound.  Given the disparity in type and growth rate for trees around the world I'm not surprised that there are different results.
Comment: I think too late for a bridge graft.
Answer: While you are careful, not all workers on your yard may be equally so.
You may want to put in some form of trunk protector.  Chunks of weeping tile will work.  Bottom edge should be under the mulch.  Should have a ring of mouse proof holes above the mulch for ventilation, and should not be in general contact with the bark of the tree.
A ring of stakes tall enough to prevent the line from hitting the trunk also works. Most weed eaters do about a 14" circle, so having stakes about 7 inches apart, about 4 inches from the trunk would be effective.  16" chunks of scrap re-bar work well.
Comment: The tree died a couple of years later.  I have been able to clean up wounds on other street trees successfully, but this one had too much damage.


Stream Screen from one machine and webcam from another

Question: I want to start doing some Twitch.tv streaming, but don't have a webcam. I have a gaming PC desktop and an OSX laptop with eyesight webcam built in. I was wondering if it is possible to stream the webcam feed over the network to my desktop and add it to my desktop stream as you would normally on OBS or similar.
Comment: Also if there's a better forum for this question please let me know.
Answer: Looks a lot like  share desktop to laptop to stream from laptop  (that guy's goal was lower CPU load on his desktop, but same solution.)
Use the usual streaming setup on your desktop, but with high bitrate.  stream to laptop, decode there.  overlay webcam, encode for normal streaming, send that output to Twitch.tv.
IDK what it takes to send streams to twitch, or to receive streams from desktop streaming software.  Assuming you can get ffmpeg to do it, and read from your webcam, use the overlay filter to combine the streams, and -c:v libx264 -preset medium to encode to h.264.  Not sure what you'd need to do to get ffmpeg's output to go to Twitch.tv.


What are the possible qubit states?

Question: For a quantum state on the form $$|\psi \rangle = \alpha |0 \rangle + \beta |1 \rangle$$ which possible qubit states can you construct from this? I know that $\alpha$ and $\beta$ must satisfy $$|\alpha|^2 + |\beta|^2 = 1$$ but are there any other requirements besides this?
Comment: You need to clarify. What operations are you allowed to do? Are $\alpha$ and $\beta$ fixed at the beginning?
Comment: I don't thiik the possible operations matter. The question is just about what the allowed Qubit states can be
Answer: There are no additional constraints on $\alpha$ or $\beta$. This means that we cannot directly answer the question of "which possible qubit states can you construct" because that suggests an enumeration, but this corresponds to a continuum of states!
Note that a particularly convenient way of writing these is
$$
e^{i\gamma}(\cos\theta|0\rangle+\sin\theta e^{i\phi}|1\rangle),
$$
with $\theta\in[0,\pi)$ and $\phi\in[0,2\pi)$, as this automatically takes care of the normalisation in the parametrisation. Also, the $e^{i\gamma}$ term is strictly unnecessary because it has no observable consequences, but I left it in there so that it gives a mathematical identity with the $\alpha,\beta$ formulation.
If you are asking how to go from the state $|0\rangle$ to any state $|\psi\rangle$ that you want, then start from the parameterisation above, and consider
$$
R_y(2\theta)|0\rangle=(I\cos\theta-i\sin\theta Y)|0\rangle=\cos\theta|0\rangle+\sin\theta|1\rangle,
$$
so that you can then just follow it up with
$$
R_z(\phi)R_y(2\theta)|0\rangle=(I\cos\frac{\phi}{2}-i\sin\frac{\phi}{2} Z)(\cos\theta|0\rangle+\sin\theta|1\rangle)=e^{-i\phi/2}|\psi\rangle
$$
So you can prep any state you want with two single-qubit rotations (up to an irrelevant global phase).
Answer: Any unitary transformation preserves angles and length of vectors it is applied upon.
Therefore, an unitary transformation applied on your states $|\psi\rangle$ will lead to state $|\psi_1\rangle = \alpha_1|0\rangle + \beta_1|1\rangle$ satisfying $|\alpha_1|^2+|\beta_1|^2=1$.
Since any gate in a quantum computer must be unitary (if we do not count measurement which is special case), you can do any operation you want and requirements on qubit will be preserved.
Taking appropriate unitary trasformation $U$, you can convert any state $|\psi\rangle$ to any other state $|\psi_1\rangle$.
Comment: I guess then in theory, it should be possible to construct a qubit in the state $|\psi \rangle=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}|0\rangle - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}|1\rangle$. Am I right?
Comment: Yes, to do it, you can start with $|0\rangle$, apply the Pauli gate $X$ to obtain $|1\rangle$, then apply the Hadamard gate $H$.
Comment: I am sorry. I meant to write $\alpha = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$ and $\beta = \frac{1}{2}$. I cannot edit the previous question

What are the possible qubit states?


How can an engineering student become a computational scinece expert in a short time

Question: How can a student with zero computing or programming language knowledge, few engineering mathematics knowledge, understand computational science especially Finite Element Modelling (FEM) from engineering analysis point of view. I found out that there are so many branches or approaches to FEM (computational science) such as linear FEM, advanced FEM, Non-linear FEM, codes and algorithm etc. that are brought together under most good books and therefore render such books 'useless' or incomprehensible to a child. Some even approach problems from mathematical perspective. In fact you are happy as you begin reading the beginning chapters of some books but such happiness is often short-lived and begin to wonder when will the circle end in a good understanding and grasp of FEM.
My question is who can really 'explain to me like I am five' the step by step action(s) I need to take to master FEM from A to Z (assuming one has a project in mind that is related to the modelling and simulation of thermo-mechanical stresses in an Internal Combustion Engine (I.C.E.) piston using a particulate material).
Comment: As Wolfgang said, there's no king's road to *understanding* (which is implied by "expert") advanced computational science. If you want to put in the effort, you can find some recommendations in the answers to these questions: http://scicomp.stackexchange.com/questions/1445/modern-resources-for-learning-fem/23702, http://scicomp.stackexchange.com/questions/13085/introductory-resources-on-fem/13088. (In fact, I'd consider (the answerable part of) this question as a duplicate.)
Comment: It takes time to master FEM. If you really want to understand everything, you need experience. You can't really rush that.

What do you want to do within the project? Writing a code for your purpose or using a commercial code?
Comment: Writing a personal code for your task is very time consuming. And without deep knowledge of the FEM I wouldn't suggest that. But writing your own FE code for some small problems will only enhance the knowledge about FEM. For your task you would need to know at least the basics of FEM (for mechanical and thermal problems) and then the basics of modelling with a commercial software (boundary conditions, loads, materials).
Comment: Thanks @P.G.; I aim at analyzing the thermo-mechanical stresses in-order to design a lighter, functional and durable I.C.E. piston.
Comment: @P.G. I think it will be useful to know how to write a personal code so that if I want to use a commercial code, it will be like work-over. But as an expert what do you suggest?
Answer: There is no shortcut. Just like there is no shortcut to becoming an "engineering expert in a short time".
The thing is that to be an expert in civil engineering, you need to understand load analysis, use cases of buildings and bridges, materials, designs, and regulatory issues. For computational science, you need to understand the mathematical background, programming, some computer software and hardware design, nonlinear and linear solvers, and a few other things. If it was easy, everyone would be an expert. But it isn't. You can't teach finite element methods to students "as if they were five". The closest you can come is if you used commercial codes that hide a lot of the material from you, but even then you will be more productive and accurate if you understand what you are doing.
Comment: Thanks @WolgangBangerth, agreed that writing personal code(s) is not the the way to go (even using commercial codes is just a small part of the the whole game, you need to instruct the commercial codes what task you want it to get accomplished; even understanding of what you want will dictate what type of commercial code to incorporate), some authors said FEM was developed by engineers to solve structural problems later it was embraced by mathematicians and other fields due to its ...
Comment: versatility and usefulness, what are the systematic or orderly topics one need to master in-order to have a grasp of FEM to solve any thermo-mechanical or other problems. I think saying computational science may be too broad or mis-leading.
Comment: I gave a list: "mathematical background, programming, some computer software and hardware design, nonlinear and linear solvers".
Comment: You mean "where can I learn about these topics"?


testing embedded asymmetric multiprocessing system

Question: I am testing an embedded system consisting of multiple processors working in different speeds, with different resources, all communicating through dedicated channels using a proprietary message protocol.
The unit under test are the mentioned channels. There is no insight into the actual data over them (those are internal buses, so scopes or logic analyzers can't be used) I am using a top-down approach using high level tests to infer that the underlying code is really working.
Anyone tested similar systems and can share tips on testing ?
Answer: In the past when I've tested embedded systems I've used the debug and diagnostic tools the developers have created for their own use. I suggest you have a chat with the developers and see what tools they have and if necessary what tools they could add to help you test the system.
Comment: this was my first step, actually I am working very closely with the dev. team sharing most of the debug tools
Answer: Black-box testing is a very useful and necessary form of work in QA. If you can cover all inputs (including wrong ones, error corrected and so on), and get all the outputs correctly, it doesn't really matter what goes on inside for the purpose of certifying the channels.
The basics of QA are testing the product against the spec, and against conditions the spec hasn't thought of. As long as you satisfy that, you don't need the test every level of the machine. It helps to understand how it works, particularly for diagnosing the bugs, but it isn't an absolute must.
Comment: Basically I agree, but since the input is time dependent (some sort random data stream) and is build of multiple concurrent inputs covering all inputs is even more impossible than usual.


What is the difference of meaning between "conserve" and "save"?

Question: While I was reading my assignment, I wandered that the difference of meaning between the word 'Conserve' and 'Save' because, in Korean, the meanings of the words are same. I want to know that.
Answer: Conserve - Conserve usually applies to things that are endangered or low in number

We must conserve our resources.

Save - Save can be used in rescue situations plus for things you want to collect. It also behaves like conserve but usually to bigger "objects."

I saved him from drowning.
I saved up some money.
We must save our ecosystems.

Note we don't usually say:

We must conserve our ecosystems

because ecosystems are larger objects that contain resources.
Comment: I agree with most of your answer, but I don't think it would be at all strange or unusual to use the term "conserve our ecosystems".
Comment: I guess so. I think "protect our ecosystems" is the best way and maybe most common.
Comment: Couldn't conserve also mean "keep in existing state" or "use wisely"?
Comment: Yes, those options definitely capture the idea of conserving.
Answer: Save has a couple different meanings, one of which is similar to conserve.

Let's save the water we have.
Let's conserve the water we have.

Save can also mean "to rescue", "to tell a computer to commit X to persistent storage", in addition "to set aside/put away/reserve for later use."  Conserve won't have either of the first two meanings.
If the thing being saved/conserved is a single object that is consumed all at once, or money, then save is typically the appropriate term.  If you have a bunch of X and are trying to use as few as possible to make sure you have more X for later, conserve describes it, but so does save.
Conserve can also mean "over the long term, to take care of for future use or generations," e.g. we must conserve the environment for future generations.


Why don't quantum effects invalidate the speed of light barrier?

Question: While proving that no matter can reach the speed of light (a fact which I call the kinetic energy barrier), Einstein uses the fact that he can calculate the velocity and position of an electron. However, if quantum effects apply, then it seems to create a problem in Einstein's assumptions themselves. How is the proof of the kinetic energy barrier true even though quantum effects exist in nature?
Comment: Related - [How can a photon have no mass and still travel at the speed of light?](http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/3541/)
Comment: Related: http://physics.stackexchange.com/q/6202/2451 and links therein.
Comment: Hi nikhil, and welcome to Physics Stack Exchange! I edited your question for a couple of reasons: (1) It was really two questions in one, and we generally prefer that separate questions be asked in their own separate posts; (2) the first part of your question was already covered by those linked by Qmechanic and voix. Rather than close this as a duplicate, I figured I'd just make this post about the quantum thing. If after reading the linked questions you're still confused about how photons can travel at the speed of light, you're welcome to post a new question about it.
Comment: @Ron: yes, in this case that's exactly what I meant to do. As it was, the question was partially a duplicate of the other one, but it had another part that wasn't a duplicate. So rather than closing it outright, I just edited out the part that was a duplicate. (Also I know that "speed of light barrier" is the common term but I opted to preserve nikhil's wording of "kinetic energy barrier" because I didn't think it made the question any less understandable. But that's a fine edit to make.)
Comment: I got stuck st this point: the is no limit to the kinetic energy an object can have, rather it's kinetic energy goes to infinity as its velocity goes to c.
Comment: @David: Your edit was so ham-handed, you changed the meaning of the question! As it was, it was a duplicate of "How can a photon have no mass and still travel at the speed of light?". I amswered the modified question.
Answer: It is well established by now that the speed of light barrier does not apply to quantum particles, and this property makes the construction of relativistic quantum field theories and other relativistic quantum systems tightly constrained. The argument that you can't transmit signals faster than light is fine, but particles are not necessarily signals, because if you make a particle over here, and measure a particle over there, you might not be measuring the particle you created, but another identical particle you created from the vacuum.
So relativistic field theory, with its faster-than-light particles, requires that there are no unique particles, that all particles have identical copies. Further, the faster than light motion can be back-in-time in different frames, and back-in-time motion means that every particle must have a back-in-time partner, called its antiparticle.
The quantum field restores locality. So even though quantum particles can propagate faster than light, information can't propagate faster than light. The quantum fields are the quantities which tell you what information you can gain locally by experiments. The particles in a Hamiltonian formulation are nonlocally related to the quantum fields (but the two are related more simply in a particle path integral formulation).
The proof that quantum particles cannot be restricted to less than light speed is simple: the restriction that the energy is positive means that the frequency is positive, while the restriction to forward propagation inside the light cone means that the propagator vanishes outside the future lightcone, so in particular, into the past. and there is no function which vanishes in a half-plane whose Fourier transform also vanishes in a big unbounded region like this. This is covered in this answer: the causality and the anti-particles
Comment: Assuming a reliable setup, using an entangled trigger i can be sure that Schrödinger's cat is dead before the light of its corpse reaches me.
Comment: However, I think when people have in mind "violation of the speed of light barrier" they specifically mean transmission _of information and causal influences_ (or something equivalent to it) into the "elsewhere" region of an event.
Comment: QFT, as you say, does not permit this, even if some _unobservable_ processes may be interpreted as "going faster than light".
Answer: Light speed being invariant is necessary for there to be "quantum effects" (if by that, you mean probabilistic phenomena).
Since light speed is invariant, fixed at a rate of 1 lp per 1 tp, and no measurements are possible below the Planck scale, therefore any speed slower than c must be described as a probability at that scale.
Even if you plot the position of a wavefront as smoothly continuous regardless of scale, when you superimpose the smooth path of that wavefront on graph paper taking each square to be 1 lp by 1 tp, since the slope of the path is the velocity, at speeds below c there will increasingly be occurrences where two or more consecutive steps forward in time may fall between two consecutive steps forward in distance.
Alice, without knowing the initial state of the system, upon observing the particle at a certain point, even if she knew its velocity, would never be able to know for certain where the particle would be at the next Planck time, because there would always be a probability less than 100% that particle would move 1 lp relative to her frame of reference.
Considering that, it seems that the invariance of c is indeed what forces speeds slower than c to be expressed as probabilities at the scale below which observation cannot theoretically distinguish differences. Perhaps this seems like a circular argument, but, consider that if the maximum possible speed (c) could change, then the Planck length would change too.
Regarding the other answer that says quantum particles can go faster than light speed, I'm not sure how useful that answer is, even if it's true, because a "quantum particle" that moves faster than light is not in the same category of things as everything else we think of as a "particle." Furthermore in light of the work of Joy Christian and John Bush, et al., there does seem to be some debate on whether the interpretation of QM accurately represents what is actually going on behind the scenes. Although there's no doubt as to QM's predictive accuracy, the cosmological picture it paints is by no means scientifically proven the same way that the speed of light is.
If we limit ourselves to only a discussion about what is directly observable and what actually constitutes "information," I think we can avoid some semantic confusion. When we say "speed barrier" we are referring to a velocity that an observable or real object can travel at, and we should leave out of the discussion any imaginary or virtual things that cancel out of the equation by the time any effect can be observed.
Correct me if I'm wrong, please.
Comment: The first sentence is obviously false, because we have a perfectly consistent non-relativistic theory of quantum mechanics.
Comment: I'm curious why you think quantum mechanics being non-relativistic means that the invariance of light speed is not crucial for quantum mechanics being probabilistic in nature? It seems to me that the limitations of our ability to observe quantum things stem in part from the fact we cannot observe things with photons without shooting them at the speed of light. If photons could be bounced off of things rather slowly perhaps it would allow us to make more precise, and less probabilistic observations. Of course, I am just a layman, reasoning about these things from what limited reading I've done.
Comment: This does not provide an answer to the question. To critique or request clarification from an author, leave a comment below their post. - [From Review](/review/low-quality-posts/106370)
Comment: @JonCuster: While this answer seems to me to be wrong and meandering, it is an attempt to answer the question. CommaToast, you seem to assume that quantum mechanics presupposes Planck length and Planck time are limits of measurement. This is wrong, it is a heuristic thing we say because those are the scale where quantum gravity becomes definitely non-neglegible, but neither time nor space are discrete in standard quanutm mechanics, as you can see by the position operator having *continuous* spectrum and the time evolution being a *smooth* one-parameter group.
Comment: @ACuriousMind - indeed, I perhaps selected the incorrect option - which would you (and the community) prefer for this?
Comment: @ACuriousMind:  This is an attempt to answer the question only in the weak sense that it's a bunch of stuff the poster invented and hoped would have some bearing on the question.  I think that to count as an actual attempt, it would have to be based on some actual knowledge, which, as your comment shows, it is clearly not.


SHA-1 collision resistance

Question: I'm researching on the SHA-1 algorithm and looking for reasons why it has fallen prey to differential cryptanalysis. I have read the research papers by Merc Stevens and Wang both of which describe how to attack and reduce the complexity of the attack on sha1 but none provide a way to reduce its vulnerability. Please help me out by explaining how to increase the strength of a hash function against differential cryptanalysis.
Comment: Anything missing from the given answer, dear new user? It's been a while.
Answer: Probably the biggest vulnerability is that the message expansion is too linear. The linearity of the SHA-1 message expansion is why we are able to find such good differential paths. There can be differences at the beginning of the message and by the end of the message expansion they are mostly canceled out.

SHA-1 collision resistance


How do I display a list of civicrm events on a separate wordpress site?

Question: Our CiviCRM site is using Drupal but i have another site on a separate server that uses Wordpress that i want to display the event information with links to the other site for registration. I explored using a view to display RSS feeds and using a feeds plugin on the Wordpress site to propagate the info but that didn't seem like a very easy solution.
Answer: The Drupal Views + RSS feed solution sounds reasonable to me! There's lots of great support for generating RSS feeds in Drupal and we've had some good successes with that methodology.
Answer: To display Drupal content on a Wordpress site, I've had good success with iFrames. The steps involve:

On the Drupal site, create the content that is to be displayed in the wordpress site, as a page -- usually with views, but it doesn't matter.
Create a Drupal theme suitable for iframe embedding, e.g. like this https://www.drupal.org/project/entity_iframe_theme
Use your favourite theme switcher module to use this iframe-friendly theme for your content (views) page.
Emebed that page in your wordpress site as an iframe.


Java LWJGL Windows 10 native files

Question: Hello I made a simple game and I want to share it to my friend but he cant run it. I'm assuming it's because he has windows 10 and the LWJGL 2 native files don't support that (I've asumed that based on the .bat run file (a standard Java -jar a.jar line) wich crashed right before it is supposed to initialize windows 10). Maybe that isn't the problem but I don't see any other issue. Do the native files support newer systems? If not, then could you give me suggestions on getting new native files or something. Thanks
Comment: What does the errormessage in the console say?
Comment: Why not run the .jar
Comment: I dont exactly remember the error message but it was something like: didnt load libraries. And he did run it through the jar file but when it crashes you dont know why, in cmd it says whats happening
Comment: Have you set the `-Djava.library.path` switch? Relevant: [Distributing Your LWJGL Application](http://wiki.lwjgl.org/wiki/Distributing_Your_LWJGL_Application)
Answer: What you have probably overlooked is the -Djava.library.path flag. This is a flag that must be set when running the java command to tell the JVM where the native files are located. Let's say you have this file hierarchy:

natives/ (*.dll, *.so)
yourGame.jar

You'd want to run the .jar with the following command:
java -Djava.library.path="natives/" -jar yourGame.jar

Make sure that you export the .jar as a "Runnable JAR File" so that all libraries are included.
You didn't need to do this setup on your own computer because you've already imported the native files in your IDE. When distributing your game though, I suggest a file with the given java command and a pause command (on Windows) so that the person who runs the game can easily send you a screenshot or copy-paste of any error or debugging information.
Source: Distributing Your LWJGL Application

Java LWJGL Windows 10 native files