Trying to change a part of a sweater using hue/saturation

Question:
So I already did part of the guy's sweater using color balance and a layer mask, but I forgot how I did it exactly. I see I left a small part of his sweater not done yet, between his hands. So it was green and now I'm trying to change all of it so it stand out more from the background of the trees. I should be able to just use the pen tool to pick out what part I want to change and then do a layer mask, but I must be doing something wrong. Do I need marching ants or something before doing a layer mask?
Comment: It is kinda hard to tell how you have your layers setup. Is the guy with the sweater layer "backpack"? Does the layer with the sweater include the part of the sweater that is not yet colored?
Comment: If you already have a partial mask, you can ctrl+click the mask and you will then have a selection. You can then use ctrl and alt and shift combos to add to /subtract from the selection. When you hold one of these keys down while the selection tool is active, you should see a + or - appear on the cursor. Then you can remove the old mask and make a new one after modification.
Answer: If you ask me, you are splitting hair; the image is at 315% enlargement and the area that is missing is hard to see, very hard. That said, the sweater should be relatively easy to select with the quick select tool. Here is what I will suggest:

Target the top most layer, then press Shift-Ctrl-Alt-E to create a merged layer
On this layer, apply the Quick Select tool and from what I can see it should select most of the sweater
For extra selections, hold the Alt key down and using the lasso tool (I prefer the polygon lasso tool) select the area to remove
For the parts that are not selected, hold the Shift key down and use the lasso tool to add the areas one at a time
When you have the sweater selected, you can either go the route of "Refine Selection" and fix it further, or create a mask and Refine Mask to fit
Now that you have a mask, save it as an Alpha channel
Delete this layer you created in step 1 and add a new adjustment layer "Solid Color" pick red, don't worry you will change it later
Make sure the selection is loaded by Ctrl-Clicking on the Alpha channel
Come back to the layers palette, target the red layer, add a layer mask. The area of the sweater should be flat red
Change the blend mode of this layer to first Hue and see if it is affecting it in any appreciable way. If not, change the blend mode to Color
You should now see the color change in the sweater. Since it is a dark area the color change will result in a dark shade of what you select, forget bright yellow or sky blue
To change the color of the layer, and the sweater, double click on the color layer to bring up the color selector, now pick the hue and saturation you want as you watch the sweater change color.
Answer: Thanks for the help and the feedback! I read all the comments and the issue I had was using the pen tool instead of using a mask. I ended up using the quick mask mode then once I had a certain part of the sweater selected I was able to use hue/saturation and created a color balance layer and changed the color of that selection. Thanks again for the help.


In Inbox by Gmail, where is the new "Swipe to delete" setting?

Question: At the I/O conference yesterday, it was announced that Inbox would no longer require an invitation, and there were some feature improvements released. One of these was "swipe to delete," a feature I've been pining for for a while now. However, I can't figure out where the setting exists to enable this. I've checked https://support.google.com/inbox. I looked in both the Settings app and the settings option in the sidebar of Inbox itself, and no luck. Anyone managed to figure this out?
Comment: this is not the same as "swipe to delete." changing the action to take when done with message applies the action globally to all messages, after you've read them. "swipe to delete" allows you to delete messages individually without reading them, by swiping the message left or right in the messages list. (see mailbox app for what this feature actually looks like).
Comment: @garypetty you are correct, I am afraid. Overall I find Inbox an improvement over Mailbox.app, but I do miss that feature.
Answer: Inbox → Menu → Settings → account → Action to take when done with a message → Move to bin
Comment: Aha. The problem was, since I always have that app running, even though it had updated, the current process was the previous version. After hard-killing the app and restarting it, the option showed up. Thanks!
Answer: Go to settings > mail > select your email > account > advance setting > check deleted mailbox


Are U.S. politicians assumed to be Christians?

Question: Are U.S. politicians assumed to be Christians (no matter which sect)? Is it possible for an atheist or Muslim believer to become US president? Are there any legal obstacles?
Comment: @user1873: Obama isn't a Muslim.  He worships himself ;)
Comment: Sure, we [have one right now](http://youtube.com/watch?v=XKGdkqfBICw).  All kidding aside, no there isn't anything preventing an atheist or Muslim from [becoming a politician](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Carson)
Comment: Related: Wikipedia about use of Bibles during oath: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oath_of_office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States#Use_of_Bibles
Answer: There is no law in the US that says that holders of any office need to be of any particular religion, in fact, any such law would be unconstitutional.
Being an Atheist of Muslim might fewer people vote for you, but if you do get enough votes, there is no law that says that you can't hold office due to religion.
Comment: @MichaelBorgwardt I don't know, but the answers posted on the question you linked seem to indicate that atheists are not actually barred from public office in texas
Comment: Not entirely true, at least not in Texas: http://skeptics.stackexchange.com/questions/15686/are-atheists-barred-from-holding-public-office-in-texas
Comment: @MichaelBorgwardt that should be an answer!
Answer: Article Six of the US Constitution prohibits the federal government from rejecting a duly selected politician from being installed into the seat for which he was elected, on the basis of religion (or lack thereof).
But it does not prevent localities from setting rules of their choice for becoming a candidate in the first place, which is obviously a pre-requisite for being selected.  (Note that in practice these offices are now filled by election, but this wasn't historically the case.)
In most cases those rules consist of requirements on age, residency, and a criminal record clean of felonies.  In addition, being listed on the ballot, which is a de facto if not de jure prerequisite to election, collecting a certain number of signatures.  But there surely are weirder requirements in some jurisdictions.
Comment: Are there any federal offices for which the rules of becoming a candidate include restrictions or requirements on religion? E.g. a congressional district or something.
Comment: @KRyan: I don't believe that there are today.  But there were, and continued to be, official state religions, at the time the Constitution and Bill of Rights were enacted, and state legislatures certainly were not appointing non-Christians to represent them in the federal Senate, so anyone who claims that religious tests are constitutionally forbidden is ignorant of the original intent.  (Naturally later amendments are a different story, but even the Fourteenth simply guarantees that states cannot interfere with the right not to have religion impeded *by Congress*)
Comment: @DVK: That perhaps illustrates the difficulty men find in testing other mens' beliefs.  [Washington was active in a Christian church](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington_and_religion), enough so to [meet religious requirements for holding office in colonial America](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington_and_religion#Anglican_affiliations)
Comment: @BenVoigt - I would argue that Deists aren't really Christians. In which case you're [wrong about original intent](http://www.deism.com/washington.htm)
Comment: @DVK: Besides, I'm not sure how you get from a claim that Washington was a Deist, to arguing that he wanted to prohibit other communities from setting their own standards.
Answer: In theory it is possible, there are no legal obstacles (at least not for the USA as a whole).
In practice, at least right now, it is completely impossible for an atheist to be elected president, given that about 25% of Americans think that "Only politicians who believe in God are suitable for public office", about 50% find atheism "threatening", and (admittedly some time ago) elected as president someone who publically stated that he doesn't consider atheists citizens.
Comment: Well, impossible for a *publically avowed atheist*, anyway.
Comment: @MatteoItalia: Most USA citizens have an understanding of "separation of church and state" which is much more in line with the original letter in which the phrase was used, than do the judicial opinions citing it.  To wit, that it means for the government to keep its hands out of the church, not for the government to decree that religious people and groups do not have a voice.
Comment: @Kevin: There are multiple politicians who publicly claim to be Roman Catholic, despite having done things that cause automatic expulsion from that church.  So "lying" about religion seems to not be uncommon.
Comment: @BenVoigt Religion *will* come up in any presidential race, and those for most lower positions as well, so short of lying, an atheist really has no chance even to get through the election without that fact coming out.
Comment: Wasn't there even one president who changed his confession to increase his changes for being elected. Also, given the demographics I consider it very unlikely that no US president so far was an atheist.
Answer: Yes. As the vast majority of Americans are Christian, it is safe to assume that a given politician is also Christian, in the absence of any claims otherwise.
Comment: I down-voted because I think it's a lousy answer.  Not only does it not address the spirit of the question, not only is it essentially a "I don't know" sort of answer, but it's not entirely correct either.  There are a number of Jewish politicians in the US, and if you go around assuming that all politicians are Christian, you'll be wrong some of the time.
Comment: Downvotes are because...?


How to insert XML file data received from FTP in a table using XMLTABLE?

Question: So long story short, I receive XML files from an SFTP client and I need to store this data in an oracle database.
I'm currently deserializing the XML file and generating one large insert statement with all the values, but inserting this takes forever (30-50 minutes for 120000 rows).
I don't want to save the files on the server, so I'd rather use the FileStream data
Currently I read the XML files like this:
using (SftpFileStream stream = sftp.OpenRead(filename))
{
    Xml.Process(stream);
}

So I want to try XMLTABLE to insert the XML file.
Let's say I didn't create a new table for the data yet and I received the stream data. I have the following XML file, which is called line.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<cern:lines creationDate="2018-03-16T19:36:05" xmlns:cern="http://www.website.com" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.website.com ../ns/infrastructure.xsd">
   <cern:line id="10" validFromDate="1996-06-02" validToDate="2078-12-31"/>
   <cern:line id="11" validFromDate="1997-08-03" validToDate="2078-12-31"/>
   <cern:line id="12" validFromDate="1997-08-03" validToDate="2078-12-31"/>
</cern:lines>

How would I have to insert this into the database using XMLTABLE?
Also, what table columns do I create? And is it possible to attach the stream or streamdata in the XMLTABLE statement?

Extra: I'm currently using Dapper as an ORM. Pretty much the same as ADO.NET, but a bit easier to read.
Answer: Create a CLOB column and store the XML in it.
Regards,
Jose.


Finding a Ship Record from 1902

Question: Where do I begin? I know my great-grandfather, Josef Boksa, 2/28/77 was born in Warsaw. And recently found his naturalization papers from 1917. It lists the date of his arrival as 8/16/1902 and that's all I know. He lived in Chicago. I've not been successful finding any of the ship records for my family.
Comment: Have you searched Ancestry.com passenger lists? If you don't have access, signing up for a free trial might move things forward.
Answer: You could attack this problem from either the port of departure or the place of entry to the USA.
If you choose to begin in Europe, then you should look for
 - Passenger Lists leaving UK 1890-1960 (FindMyPast has this)
 - Hamburg passenger lists 1850-1934 (available on Ancestry)
Since it is more likely that migrants from Poland would travel through Hamburg than travel first to England, I would start with the German lists.
There is a small chance that Josef sailed for America from Bremen, LeHavre, Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and Antwerp. In that case, your chances of success are much less.
If you want to begin at Josef's destination, then you will want to hope that he came through Ellis Island but be aware that there there are several other east coast ports that might be the one.
As an alternative strategy, set aside the name of the person and focus on the date of arrival (and hope it is correct). Search major newspapers from mid-August 1902 for reports of migrant ships and when you have a list of names begin to investigate where they came from and the ethnicity of their cargo. That may narrow the possibilities.
The 1920 Census shows that the (deceased) mother of Josef's children was born in Poland. Do you know if they met in the USA or came here as a couple. Often a family group is easier to track than an individual.
Comment: Thank you for your "places to begin". And just to clarify, there must be another Josef Boksa, he married his wife Elzbieta Duda in Chicago, May 11, 1903. They met in Prague. We believe he came to America first and then sent for her. At least that's the way the family told the story.
Comment: Family stories should always be tested against arithmetic. If Josef arrived in August 1902 then "sent for" his fiance, to have a May 1903 wedding seems a tight timeline.
Comment: It does seem like a tight timeline but the naturalization papers tossed me a date we'd never had. Ellis Island does not appear to hold any of my Slovak, Czech or Polish ancestors, so finding ships have been difficult. On the timeline question there were 6 babies by the end of 1907 and 3 more after that. So we felt that tight timelines were perhaps just part of life.
Answer: There's a likely suspect in the Hamburg passenger lists, departing 22 Sept 1901 from Hamburg and arriving at Boulogne-sur-Mer; Plymouth; New York. It lists his DOB as "about 1873" on the Ancestry indexing but the handwritten (in German) passenger log is next to impossible to read so dates are always a bit... iffy... in those cases.
Hope that tidbit might help.
Comment: Hmm interesting, could you post a link to the handwriting?

Finding a Ship Record from 1902


How do you keep up to date with the latest research?

Question: After reading this question regarding arXiv and finding a link to GitXiv which I was previously unaware of, I wondered, what websites/resources do people use to keep up to date on the latest research in their area?
Comment: As an economics grad student, I use to read job market papers of other graduate students from top departments such as MIT, Harvard, Stanford, and so on, as well as working papers of top researchers in my field of interest, which they frequently post at their personal websites. Those works usually introduce/apply/develop state of art methods and get published in prestigious peer reviewed journals within 1 or 2 years.
Comment: I don't. If something's big and important, then it'll find me eventually. I let the new stuff to season and age before consuming.
Answer: Attending the seminar and conferences is the best way. When you talk to active researchers they'll share more background about what's going on in the field, rumors, unfiltered opinions etc.
I remember in my old days in physics, we had this group of researchers who published a lot, but those who're in the field knew that it was junk. So, if you're not going to conferences it would be hard to figure out.
UPDATE:
I also have a profile in Google Scholar and ResearchGate. Both recommend papers based on what papers you publish and read through these portals. I found that both produce a lot of noise, but Google Scholar hints to relevant interesting papers more often. I also look up almost always first in Scholar, so it knows well what kind of stuff I often look for.
Answer: As a data scientist, I need to keep up with the latest research in the computing, software and the data domains. And here are some things which I do to keep myself updated (apart from lurking in Gitxiv):

Quora: Amazing trove of information. This is a place where one can get questions answered by experts and also learn about information. So, it is a great place to keep oneself updated about the advancements in the computing and the software industries and the domain of interest.
Data and software Blogs: There are a plethora of data blogs on the internet. All of them have rich theoretical information, and some even explain real world data projects really nicely. The software blogs help me in keeping myself up-to-date about latest software practices and latest data science software too. Example
Engineering Blogs: The reason behind listing this as a separate bullet is because they are addictive. They are excellently written, and talks about the state of the art data and software practices followed at some top companies. Some of my favourite are: Buffer Airbnb and Pinterest
Bonus: This Quora question
LinkedIn groups: LinkedIn groups are a great way to ask questions and interact with some of the best in the industry. The LinkedIn pulse is also a great way to keep oneself updated with wonderful posts from top influencers.
Asking people doubts: Asking people specific and nice doubts would be very helpful and a nice way to interact with some of the best in the industry. A related example.
Answer: I register for email list for the table of contents of the most reputable journals.I have registered for New England Journal of Medicine, Lancet, JAMA, BMJ, Clinical Infectious Diseases, etc
Answer: The main thing you're probably looking for is a way to quickly weed out the "junk" that's not interesting to you in whatever field you're in.
Emails from journals listing their recently published papers are good, but even better is things like RSS feeds, which allow you to aggregate results in your feed reader of choice. Having the results of multiple journals in a single place allows you to rapidly sort titles into piles like "read", "don't read" and "maybe". But often there are so many journals which touch on your area of focus that even that can be unwieldy.
I'm holding out hope for machine-learning type recommendation engines that can learn what sort of papers I'm interested in and sort things automatically. Sort of like a Netflix/Amazon recommendation service, but for journal articles. There's none yet I can recommend whole-heartedly, but I've played around with Sparrho, and it seems to work decently. Another recommendation engine site I'm aware of is PubChase, but that's biomedical only.
Answer: Ps: Im only answering this question with the intentions of helping a mere mortal like me who takes a little long to go through a typical machine learning research paper and doesnt mind reading layman sumaries of this research papers.
To keep up to date with the latest machine learning and deep learning research, I usually go through summaries of research machine learning papers, written in layman terms from the following sources:

The morning paper.
ShortScience.org - Making Science Accessible

Again: this is what I do to keep up to date with the latest research as I tend to take long to go through a typical research paper.


Does the feel of temperature change, when you're in two different places

Question: I'm from Baltimore Maryland. And our summers can be very intense sometimes a heatwave could put us at 100 degrees and with humidity it could feel like 110 degrees. Now, I have friends from the U.S. Territory of Guam with the same temp or even lower. And some of them say its hotter there and some say it's hotter here. Where's the science to deal with this.
Answer: Opinions are often very subjective and can't make accurate assessments, especially in matters like this where the two things being compared are vey much alike. The only objective way of doing it is to have accurate temperature and humidity readings over a period of several years for both places. Someone has probably already done that, but I don't know where the best place would be to see their results. Being a relatively small island, Guam should have a marine climate, which is less extreme than continental climates. We have a marine climate here in Britain, and though we often complain about the weather it is less extreme than weather in Europe. A marine climate gives us cooler summers and milder winters, as the temperature is moderated by the sea, which also gives us a damp climate. Guam is nearer the equator than Maryland and is rainforest country, so I would expect it to be fairly humid but not so extreme and variable as Maryland.


Option pricing without analytical solutions

Question: I am quite new to the topic of financial options. I'm aware of options with analytical solutions (e.g. European options in Black-Scholes and Ornstein-Uhlenbeck models). I read that sometimes (most times?) numerical methods are used for option pricing. I also read that there exist exotic options which simply do not have a closed-form solution and require numerical methods; however, I have not been able to find examples of such options. Could anyone name a few? Cheers.
Comment: I have one such option for you https://quant.stackexchange.com/q/51272/24306
Answer: American options (on any underlying) is the first that comes to mind. They are often priced using a tree-based algorithm to determine if there is a benefit to early exercise anywhere along the life of the option.
Any options that has non-linearity or trigger conditions (binary, knock-in, etc.) are also candidates for numerical models.
Answer: You can price anything with an analytic formula if you have all of the required parameters.
Let's take european options as an example. We can price these using Black76 if we have the forward price, the appropriate discount factor, expiry, the strike, and the volatility. This last bit - the volatility - needs to have an important consideration: it is the black76 option price implied volatility. If we are pricing using some other model, say Vasicek, then we need a different volatility.
That you're given all of the parameters already is the important point - the model is popular enough that you can often get a vol surface (where the volatility is the black76 vol, assuming a specific conventions around stuff like your calculation of T (i.e. act/act 250 business days per year, etc.)) provided as market data. The vol surface is essentialyl a one to one mapping to the option prices (given all the other params).
Now, if we have some other, more exotic stucture, there's nothing to stop us doing the same thing - we can construct some function that takes in the market data (i.e. numbers observable directly in the market), specifics of the trade, and then some preconstructed surface which maps to price of the instrument.
Does this last example count as analytic? If it does, then anything can be priced analytically...


Is a chapter the equivalent of a sequence?

Question: When I do my daily writing, questions often pop into my head, and I jot them down to ponder later on. I was going through all the papers on my desk today and couldn't help but wonder: are chapters in novels and sequences in movies structurally equivalent? In other words are chapters used in stories for the same purpose sequences are used in movies?
Comment: Non-word adaptations are constrained because they need to please a lot of people, simultaneously, and in a short time frame. Sequences divide the film into logical chunks where sequence n+1 is totally reliant on the viewers understanding of sequences [1, n]. So by that definition novel chapters could act like sequences, but not vice versa because the transition between chapters in a well-written novel is often much smoother than sequences in films. Films target cinemas which don't have a rewind button, novels have 'the previous page.'
Comment: Could be. But I'm not entirely sure what you mean by 'sequence.' What _you_ define it as...
Comment: Also note how 'chapter' has different definition. Some writers just take 'chapter' to mean 'this's one more part of the story and it will be focused and will wrap up logically.' While others take it as 'a chapter of the protagonist's life' thus it's much longer, ends in a more definite way and is closer in definition to film sequences.
Comment: I understand sequences are used to group scenes, just like chapters are used, but _structurally_ are there any differences in usage? I noticed for example the average screenplay almost always has 8 sequences, while a novel has any number of chapters. When a novel is translated to screenplay the eight sequences still crop up (just with longer lengths per sequence) even despite any number of chapters. Is this compacting of material when rewriting a narrative for cinema merely an artifact or constraint of the medium?
Answer: A chapter is the equivalence in so far that it divides a big chunk (the book) into smaller sections. But for a novel you have much more freedom as in a movie script which follows traditional structures.
Have you ever wondered why most movies are made for certain length? They are usually around 75 min, 90 min or 120 min. These numbers are multiplier of 15.
In the old days cinemas got the movies on reels which contained 15 minutes of film each. If you go for a 120 minutes movie with 15 minutes per reel you need: 120:15 = 8 reels.
So movies were divided into 8 sequences (one sequence per reel). These sequences were adapted to the three act structure:

Act I: Sequences 1 and 2
Act II: Sequences 3 and 4 - Midpoint - sequences 5 and 6
Act III: Sequences 7 and 8

For more details see CJ's Corner.
Comment: Thanks, @Lauren, for the roast legend. Didn't know that and looked it up. Hilarious!
Comment: +1 I LOVE learning bits of trivia like that. Uninformed inertia is so fascinating. Like the "we always cut the ends off the roast" legend.
Comment: Traditions can be very funny things. :) Which is why it's always good to ask about the "why" behind the things we do.
Comment: This explains why studios seem to be more comfortable with making progressively longer films. Technology has changed. Interesting, and thanks for the link.


How do I use the $substr expression in $project operator when using MongoDB 3.0 Java Driver aggregation framework

Question: I am attempting to integrate a mongoDB process into Java but can't wrap my head around how to integrate the $expressions within the $project operator whilest using the aggregation framework. The perfectly working Mongo query is:
db.options.aggregate([{$project:{name:1,lastTradeDate:1,month:{$substr:["$lastTradeDate",4,2]}}},{$out:"Books"}])

Converting this to Java has got me to the following (non-functioning) point:
Document expression = new Document("$substr", new Document("lastTradeDate",new int[] {4,2}));
        AggregateIterable iterable = myDocs.aggregate(asList(
                new Document("$project", new Document("name", 1).append("lastTradeDate", 1).append("month", expression)),
                new Document("$group", new Document("_id", "$contSize").append("count", new Document("$sum", 1))));

So the question is: how do I ge the 'expression' to actually be recognized as an expression of the $substr type?
Answer: In case anyone runs into the same problem. I found that Jongo gave the flexibility I was after without the convoluted way of having to implement this directly.
The resulting jongo query looks something like the following:
Aggregate.ResultsIterator<JongoDoc> jongoProject = JongoColl.aggregate("{$project:{name:1, smonth:{$substr:['$lastTradeDate',4,2]}}}").and("{$out:'Books'}").as(JongoDoc.class);

Comment: Hello @VJ Smits, the Jongo was not able to parse the expression(projection)
Answer: For $substr in $project operator, you can form query the following way:
In mongodb, considering a document :
{
    "_id" : ObjectId("58a09b076560a311779be35f"),
    "name" : "Helen",
    "date" : "12-04-2015",
    "description" : "Committee head"
}

Consider you need only day to be projected from "date" field. The aggregate query using java query is as follows:
Document dayExpression = new Document("$substr", Arrays.asList("$date", 0, 2));

AggregateIterable<BasicDBObject> iterable = coll.aggregate(Arrays
                .asList(new Document("$project", new Document("name", 1)
                                .append("description", 1),
                                .append("dayOfDate", dayExpression))));


Ultraviolet acid base indicator

Question: Is there a chemical(s) that provides good discrimination between absorbance curves for different pHs in the UV light spectrum (100-400nm?)
Comment: Why this *unusual* wavelength range?  Oxygen absorption cuts in at ~ 200 nm, water stops being UV-transparent at ~ 175 nm.
Comment: Let's ask the other way around: Which pH range do you have to cover, which other compounds (with relevant absorption in the UV/VIS) are present in your solutions? You might want to chose your indicator accordingly and perform UV absorption measurements at two different wavelength, i.e. at the absorption maxima of the protonated and unprotonated form of your indicator.
Comment: 100 nm is tough! In terms of emission wavelength, the closest light source that comes to my mind is an argon excimer lamp (or laser) with $\lambda_{em}$ = 126 nm.
Comment: My motivation is curiosity. Universal indicator is a good broad range indicator in visible light but the discrimination between colours at pH 7 is quite poor. The light range doesn't have to be 100-400nm, it could be 200-400 or 700nm+ (infrared) it just needs to be good at highlighting differences in pH. Typically we use visible light indicators because we can see them but if you have a spectrophotometer that does UV, why not use it?
Answer: There are some good examples in Multiwavelength Spectrophotometric Determination of Acid Dissociation Constants Pharaceutical Research Volume 16, Issue 3, pp 374-381.
Benzonic acid (pka = 3.98), phenol (pka 9.73), phthalic acid (pkas 2.70 and 4.86), nicotinic acid (pKas 2.1 and 4.63) and p-aminosalicylic acid (pKas 1.79 and 3.58) would be good in the ~220nm-300nm range.
Answer: Red cabbage indicator absorbs the uv and visible radiations from520nm to600 nm range.For every pH the colours as well as the absorptions are also different. It shows deep red in pH 1,light red in 2,pink in 3,light pink in 4,5,6,purple in7,light purple in 8,light violet in 9,violet in 10,blue in 11,green in 12,yellow in 13 and  deep yellow in 14.
Comment: A bunch of links and references would be nice. Unreferenced material may be challenged and removed.
Comment: The main problem with this answer is "uv...radiations from 520nm to 600 nm"

Ultraviolet acid base indicator


Missing assembly reference for SqlConnection

Question: I'm still new to MVC and dapper ORM.
Suppose I use dapper for MVC and and when I try to build solution, it showing message:
'SqlConnection does not contain a definition for'Query' and no extension method 'Query' accepting a first argument of type 'SqlConnection'.
here is the code:
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data.SqlClient;

  public string Connectionstring = @"Data Source = KL - PT - 049\sqlexpress;Initial Catalog = Record; Integrated Security = True";

    public IEnumerable<Customer> GetCustomers()
    {
        using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(Connectionstring))

        {

            conn.Open();
            var customer = conn.**Query**<Customer>("Select * from Customer");
            return customer;
        }

my question is: does the Query above should be fine if I use that way? since I already use data.sqlClient reference?
Answer: Add
using Dapper;

at the top of the file.
Note: in recent versions of Visual Studio you can also just press ctrl+. on the unresolved extension method and it will offer to fix it for you:


Photoshop - Layers losing transparency when merging

Question: I'm working on multiple layers on Photoshop (CS6). Some of the layers have different layer styles like multiply. When I merge the layers together I seem to lose the transparency on some of the image, how can I sort this please?
Comment: Please attach the snapshot of your file before and after merging the Image.
then I'll be able to give you a specific answer
Comment: And make sure to merge two transparent layers
Comment: Updated my question :)
Comment: You either have to make the white parts actually transparent or flatten the whole document. When you merge stuff with blend mode like multiply, you gotta merge it with its background, so it retains the look.
Answer: It depends on what you're merging together. If you're going to merge the layers, I'm assuming you don't want to edit the layer later on.
Right-click the transparent layer, select Convert to Smart Object. Then right-click it again and select Rasterize Layer. Now you can merge this layer with others like usual.
Answer: If you want to merge layers, then don't use layer styles like multiply, overlay and so on.
To solve you problem set a normal state to those layers.
Select the Background Eraser Tool

And set it as on this image:

Set the foreground color you want to protect (like that light-blue) and after that click on white space on your canvas. That should erase all pixels you don't want to see. Try different foreground colors for different results.
After that merge your layers.
Hope it helps.
Answer: I think you are having this issue because you are using some artistic filters in your project But
The simplest thing you can do to get rid of this problem is:
Select the layers you want to merge.Right click and select Convert to smartobject then restarize the smartobject layer


Tehillim while jogging

Question: May I recite Tehillim while jogging or performing other kinds of physical exercise?
Answer: Offhand, the only issues I can think of are (a) if there's excrement or something else smelly nearby, or (b) if there are immodestly dressed women in your field of vision.
So if you're jogging in an area where the dog owners are careful to clean up after their pets, and there aren't any women also out jogging in shorts or sports bras, then I would think it should be fine (and indeed even a good thing, "purifying the air" with words of Torah). CYLOR, as usual.
Comment: Dog waste poses no problem, as per Sh"A OC (79:4).
Comment: It does if it's smelly, as the end of that se'if states.
Comment: As does any foul odor emitting from an actual source.
Comment: Except for another person's flatulance.
Comment: Surprised none of these comments consider the possibility that the jogger himself has a foul odor.
Answer: "May I" or "Should I"?  I think Alex covered all the Halachically problematic issues, but what about whether or not it's proper?  It might not be, since you are almost definitely not going to be able to concentrate on the Tehillim you recite while jogging.  On the other hand, if you are concentrating well on the Tehillim, you may pose a danger to yourself or others on the jogging path because you may not be concentrating on your exercise.
I would also further caution you that after a few minutes you might find it hard maintain the optimal pace for a good workout or catch your breath (exercising while speaking generally is difficult if you take the exercise seriously enough).
Comment: The notion of running at a "conversational pace" is not foreign to runners, and can often be maintained for a great while and to beneficial training effect.  Not every run need leave you unable to speak.

Tehillim while jogging


Edit Mode Dimensions

Question: If i have the default cube and then go into edit mode and add another cube, I cannot find where to set absolute dimensions of the second cube. I can scale it, but is there a place to find where you can set absolute dimensions? The original cube and the second cube are treated as one if you go back into object mode.
Comment: Hi, if you add geometry in edit mode, you add _mesh data_ to the same  object. To have two separate objects, add each in object mode.
Comment: You can only control absolute dimensions in *Object Mode*, it is impossible to do so in *Edit Mode*.
Comment: Somehow related: https://blender.stackexchange.com/questions/47318/why-do-the-measurements-of-this-object-seem-erroneous/47320#47320
Comment: You can actually set dimensions now in edit mode: https://blender.stackexchange.com/a/68678/28015
Answer: The Mesh Tool add-on allows dimensioning in the Edit Mode. It is part of www.bforartists.de for Blender 2.7 and 2.8.
Answer: Keep in mind that when you add a primitive (such as a cube), you can only adjust its defining dimensions immediately after creating it.
Once you add the second cube you can find the controls to adjust its dimensions at the bottom of the left hand toolbar (accessed by pressing T), or by pressing F6.  As soon as you perform another action Blender "forgets" that the added mesh was a cube and doesn't consider its geometry any different than the rest of the mesh so from then on you can only adjust it's size by manipulating the geometry directly.
Answer: As far as I know, setting the size of a model joined with another model is not possible without selecting all the verts of the model you want to change manually. What you can do instead, is select all verts of one of your meshes, separate it into another object, and parent the two objects, depending on what you'll use it for. This links basic properties such as location, rotation and scale to both objects. If you scale the parent object, your child object will be scaled accordingly.
To separate verts to two objects, select all the verts you want to separate into another object, and press P, all in Edit Mode of course. This will "cut out" the selected verts and place them as another independent object.
Hope this helps.

Edit Mode Dimensions


How to add rewrite rule to custom post type with parent in url with cpt ui?

Question: I'm trying to create custom post types but i need the posts of custom post type to have the url along with parent category. Example for now i have custom post types science, tech, business. The url of each post is mysite.com/science/postname. what i need is mysite.com/articles/science/post name. I tried giving articles/science in rewrite rule of cpt ui but it gives 404 error. Can you guys point me to right direction? Thank you
Answer: hierarchical must be set to true and make sure you have the Article post type set as the parent of the science post type
....and be sure to flush the permalinks after making changes
Comment: tqs but how to set articles as parent? i added articles post type as parent from parent field also set the the parent child relationship as true in article post type including hierarchy. I doubt if i have set it right.
Comment: Are you using the CPT UI plugin??


How many possible positions are there in chess?

Question: How many possible positions are there in chess? Please be exact.
Comment: "Please be exact" = troll
Comment: The number of legal chess positions is roughly 4x10^44: github.com/tromp/ChessPositionRanking
Comment: To be more precise, it is about 4.8x10^44, as the latest research at https://github.com/tromp/ChessPositionRanking shows.
Answer: Shannon estimated the number of possible positions roughly 10^43. This includes some illegal positions (e.g., pawns on the first rank, both kings in check) and excludes legal positions following captures and promotions.
Taking these into account, Victor Allis calculated an upper bound of 5×10^52 for the number of positions, and estimated the true number to be about 10^50.
Recent results improve that estimate, by proving an upper bound of only 2^155, which is less than 10^46.7 and showing an upper bound 2×10^40 in the absence of promotions.


At what age can I publish a book?

Question: I am writing a novel called "Kimberly Rose," but the thing is, I'm 12. I'm not sure if there is an age cap when it comes to publishing books. Please tell me if you know.
Comment: Very likely your parents will have to sign contracts with your publisher.
Answer: First of all, good for you! Secondly, have a look at this: Children as Authors.
I don't think your age will affect the publishing of your book, but the quality of your writing will — just as it would any adult author. I suggest you have a proofreader read your story so you can know if it needs adjustments or corrections.
Good luck! I really hope your book gets published and you write many more in the future!
Answer: Your age shouldn't have an affect on whether or not you get published.
So You Want to Be a Teenage Author? Published Teen Authors Tell It Like It Is has lots of case studies on writers who got published as teenagers, and how it effected their writing careers and lives. The general advice is not to tell an agent or publishing house your age until you meet in person, this prevents your query from being thrown out the window immediately, as many people believe young people cannot write with the depth an adult can, simply because they haven't written enough.
It's fantastic you're already writing a novel at 12, so make sure to keep at it. Have friends, family or teachers read a draft for feedback and use this to make your writing better. Once you've finished that all important first draft, feel free to pat yourself on the back, it's hard finishing a draft and not giving up partway. Once the celebration is over, it's time to think about editing. Your first draft won't be perfect, so put it down for a month, maybe write something else for a bit, before coming back to look at your novel with fresh eyes, ready for editing!
You're still young, so you have plenty of time to perfect your novel and your writing, don't rush something out of a lower quality than what you would be happy with seeing under your name just so you were published young. Just remember to always be proud of what you've done. Even thinking as far ahead as publishing is a great ambition that I certainly didn't have at 12!
Answer: At your age you shouldn't try to judge yourself by commercial success, but by whether you finished the project successfully. That includes not only coming up with and executing the idea, but also maintaining quality control over everything.
Try to  keep an eye out for markets which appeal to people your age. (I talked recently to a 16 year old who published and sold her first comic book 2 years  ago. Now she is running her own comic book company). I once created a  75 page Dungeons and Dragons module at the age of 14 -- I was very proud of that -- I ended up enjoying it at a well-attended gaming convention which I organized at 15.
I recently judged a fiction writing contest for 7th and 8th graders. Although many works dealt with typical zombie and superhero plots -- and some of the writing was horrible -- generally their ideas and characters and dialogue were interesting and original.
The only thing I'd warn you against is trying to finish things too quickly. Write it, let it sit around for a while, and then come back to it....
Finally, we are in an age where publishing is relatively easy; the hardest part is being to package and market what you've written.

At what age can I publish a book?


How do I determine what is locking up my machine?

Question: My MBP is suddenly locking up to the point that only a power down will fix it. Neither command+alt+esc or command+alt+shift+esc do anything. It started by getting some nice screens in multiple languages that told me I had to power down. That happened about four times, now I don't even get those screens it just seems to lock up. I used to get crash reports to send to Apple, the details of which were nebulous but I don't get those anymore either. I am looking at the log but see nothing. Am I missing something?
Comment: You need to give more information about what you are doing at the time. What app is the Active one and what other apps are running. Also look in the Logs for crash reports. And tell us what one correspond to the time of the crashes. Someone else maybe able to tell you which one may hold clues. The different Language screen points to Kernal panics. But as I said supply more info.
Comment: are you getting any strange graphics artifacts showing up on the screen before it hangs? my old mbp used to hang due to a faulty motherboard..
Answer: That message means that there is a kernel panic. This may happen if you connect new hardware to your computer. For possible reasons/fixes, see this article from the Apple website. Here is a section from the "Troubleshooting" section...

Was the computer starting up, shutting down, or performing a
particular task when the recurring kernel panic happened?
Is the kernel panic intermittent, or does it happen every time you do
a certain thing?
Does it occur only when a certain external device is connected, or
a device is connected to a certain port?

Reading through that article should give you a general idea what is happening and possible ways to fix it.
Answer: I am presently experiencing the same and, as a former MacGenius, I may be able to shed some light. Does everything freeze? That is, if you are watching something in QuickTime, does that still work but you cannot switch to another app? Can you force quit? Does the problem occur if you are using another user, say, a test account? There was a firmware update for the disk controller. Have you seen if your device is covered? Is there a correlation or series of actions that seem to evoke the behavior? For instance, does the lockup occur while idle for a long time, or after performing transcoding with handbrake (which maxes out the CPUs, thereby causing maximum stress on the machine, the fans, etc)? Have you verified the disk is OK, for example, booting from the install CD, using disk utility or booting from an external HD and running techtool's suite? When I did this, my hard drive and RAM proved to be working correctly and the problem manifests when I use handbrake. In consulting with others, I believe it is a problem with the disk controller on my MBP even though Apple hasn't addressed it with a firmware.


Launch system to get a 75,000 kg object to geostationary orbit?

Question: Is there any current launch system that could get a 75,000 kg object to geostationary orbit?  If not, am I correct in assuming the Saturn V could have gotten such an object there?
Comment: just fyi there are some great answers to [What's the largest single object payload ever lifted into space?](https://space.stackexchange.com/q/13657/12102) but of course those are not to GEO.
Answer:
Is there any current launch system that could get a 75,000 kg object to geostationary orbit?

No. (Starship/Super Heavy can, of course, do anything, but it's not a current launch system.)

If not, am I correct in assuming the Saturn V could have gotten such
  an object there?

No.
According to the Silverbird calculator, a Saturn V could get about 60 metric tons to a geostationary transfer orbit of 185 km x 35786 km and 28.5º inclination, that is, an orbit with apogee at geostationary altitude but with a very low perigee.
That 60-ton payload could circularize and plane-change into equatorial GSO, requiring about 1811 m/s of ∆v. If this is done with hypergolic propellants at ~300 s specific impulse, the rocket equation tells me it would require about 28 tons of propellant, so something like 30 tons of useful payload could have been put into GSO by a Saturn V.
Comment: @Bob516 That gets you another ton into the transfer orbit, and also significantly reduces the cost to inject into the final orbit (assuming you want equatorial geostationary in both cases, not just geosynchronous), so you're up to about 43 tons of useful payload. Of course, that now means you have to build a VAB, MCC, and launch pad at the equator; it might be easier to just build a bigger booster.
Comment: GTO -> GSO can be done wihout hypergolic propellants. The Centaur can coast long enough. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlas_V
Comment: What about two Saturn V, one used as a tanker?
Comment: @RussellBorogove. What if the Saturn V was launched from a site on the equator?
Answer: No, but nuclear pulse propulsion could do far more than that.
Back in the 1960s, some rocket scientists working for the US government experimented with theoretical designs for rockets propelled by small nuclear explosives, going so far as to test small-scale models that used conventional chemical explosives, before the program was cancelled due to the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty banning the civilian use of nuclear explosives.
If such a rocket were to be built, they would, IIRC, be capable of carrying 6,000 tons to the Moon and back on one tank of fuel, an amount of cargo far exceeding the 75,000 kg you have specified in your question.
Comment: current means exsisting now,so could be built does not count as an answer.
Comment: @trondhansen Hence why my answer starts with "no".


Database Schema Question

Question: If I use the primary key of a table as the primary key of another table is it still a foreign key?
e.g.
Two tables albums and special offers
AlbumId is the primary key in both
How do I represent this relation using primary key foreign key notation?
Answer: Yes, it's still a primary key. It's usually called a one-to-one relation.
You can do something like:
create table albums (
    album_id integer primary key,
    -- other fields...
);

create table special_offers (
    album_id integer primary key references albums(album_id),
    -- other fields...
);

Answer: if e.g you have several special offers for the same album AlbumId is no longer unique in the special offers table. I would think about adding a SpecialOfferId and design a one-to-many relation.
Answer: Pablo Santa Cruz is right - yes, you're allowed to do this. However, philosophically, it's only meaningful if there really is a one-to-one relationship - all albums have one and only one special offer, and all special offers have one and only one album.
Guessing from your problem domain, that's not the case - some albums have no special offers, some have 1, some have many.
If that is indeed true, bw_üezi is right - create a one-to-many relationship.
create table albums (
    album_id integer primary key,
    -- other fields...
);

create table special_offers (
    special_offer_id integer primary key,
    album_id integer foreign key references albums(album_id),
    -- other fields...
);

Database Schema Question


Are four-engined airplanes calibrated to put out the same thrust for both their inner and outer engines?

Question: Is there a slight difference baked into the aircraft's throttle control systems or are they always pumping out the exact same thrust as each other?
Answer: If the fuel control is hydromechanical (old engines) or electronically trimmed hydromechanical (not so old engines designed in the 70s and 80s), you set each thrust lever to achieve a target value on the fan RPM (N1) indicators or Engine Pressure Ratio indicator (EPR) indicators (for a pure jet).  Each engine will be set to its takeoff thrust setting, which should be the same for each since they are all the same model, but the thrust levers may or may not quite line up due to mechanical and other tolerances (there are limits).
On some modern airplanes with Full Authority Digital Engine Control, you move the levers to a detent setting, usually one for climb and one for take off, that is created by a roller running in a track inside the quadrant for each lever, that drops into a dip in the track; you can feel it click into place.
For takeoff you push them up through the climb detent to the takeoff thrust detent, so it's "click click". That position tells the FADEC computers to set takeoff power and the levers will all be perfectly lined up, the position being a function of the detents in the quadrant.  Of course, if it's got an autothrottle system, the computers take care of moving the levers as well.
In any case, the thrust settings for each engine should be the same, unless the airplane had engines with different thrust ratings inboard and outboard for some reason, and which would be an unpopular feature with most airlines.  I'm not aware of one.
Comment: You rig for synchronized levers with thrust/power equal, because that's what you are generally using to set power and that's what the crew will want to see.  On a turbofan, fuel flows and core rpm might vary a little bit for a given fan rpm from engine to engine depending on how worn out an engine is compared to its sister.  If two engines are set to the same N1 and the thrust levers have significant split, they may snag it, depending on how fussy the capt is.  One may snag it if they are split a quarter inch, another not until they are half an inch.
Comment: Airbus and Boeing both use FADEC. Airbus has "detents", Boeing does not.
Comment: We almost always use Autothrottle so it is done automatically. If for some reason you need to disconnect the Autothrottle, you just advance the thrust levers to get the desired thrust on the N1 gauge just like a regular aircraft.
Comment: When the levers are in the same position are the engine control systems calibrated in some regard for equal thrust, equal fuel flow, or something else?
Comment: @MikeSowsun how does Boeing do it specifically as far as where to place a lever for say climb thrust?
Comment: thanks for the information.  I was mainly wondering about the difference between a pair of engines (say engines 1 and 4 vs engines 2 and 3) if they had identical thrust settings or if there was some reason to have one pair put out just a bit more energy than the other owing to there being a difference on where on the wing they are placed relative to the fuselage.


How does the Pauli exclusion principle apply to wave-particle duality?

Question: Based on the Pauli exclusion principle , no two particles can have the same quantum state. However, in the double slit experiment with electrons (in which we observe wave-particle duality), at some points the wave functions add up to each other. In those specific spatial spots, two electrons have exactly  the same quantum states, but not only do they not exclude each other, they are adding to the probability of each other's presence. How that is explained? Is this because only the two electrons with different spins are adding up to each other in this experiment? If so, I think the number of electrons in those specific points should be statistically half of the expected. Is that true?
Comment: The Pauli Exclusion Principle applies when you want to describe states with multiple fermions. When you do a double slit experiment you only deal with one fermion at a time. Each single fermion's wavefunction interferes with itself, but this has nothing to do with the PEP.
Comment: The statement "In those specific spatial spots, two electrons have exactly the same quantum states" is incorrect. First, in the typical double-slit experiment there is only one electron, and its wave function goes through both slits. Second, interference of wave functions from multiple particles does not mean that the two particles have the same state.
Comment: @QuantumBrick Suppose you have a large number of electrons.  What then?  Perhaps the answer is that the momenta of the various electrons will not be identical, and there is an enormous density of momentum states.   I'm curious about this one.
Answer: Electrons only interfere with themselves. The dual slit experiment is basically a single electron case. Therefore Pauli exclusion dies not come into play. As to the question in the title, also particle wave duality is associated with single particles.
Answer: The text of your question implies that you have misunderstood the theoretical description of the Young's slits experiment. In the interference here, it is not two different electrons whose wavefunctions interfere, but two parts of the wavefuntion of each individual electron. Of course in practice many electrons may pass through the system, but each interferes with itself.
If it happened that more than two electrons approached the slits at the same time, then the Pauli exclusion principle would prevent them all having the same spatial wavefunction. That doesn't mean some would pass through one slit, some through another however. It means that the joint wavefunction would involve a sum of terms with each electron at both slits, but with various entanglements and minus signs between parts with electron labels swapped (I won't go into the details). However the more simple concept of Coulomb repulsion would already cause a big effect in this case.
If we were working with neutrons then there would be no Coulomb repulsion. With bright enough beams, Pauli exclusion would be relevant. There would still be interference etc. but the theoretical description would be more lengthy. One would have to write down a joint state for multiple neutrons; lots of entanglement as in previous paragraph.
Answer: The Pauli exclusion principle is an empirical result.
It's theoretically justified by positing fermionic and bosonic wave functions which are, respectively anti-symmetric and symmetric and which, respectively, gain a sign change or are unchanged when two particles are swapped, in the first case, two fermions, and in the latter, two bosons.
The phenomena of particle wave duality does not distinguish between the two cases, and applies to both; in fact, recall that particle-wave duality was first discovered with photons, and these are the gauge bosons of the Electromagnetic force, and it was the inspired idea of de Broglie that posited the same effect may occur with electrons, which are fermions, and when this idea was experimentally put to the tested, it was found to be the case.
Hence your headline question is somewhat ill-concieved.
Answer: The Pauli Exclusion Principle applies to potential wells in the subatomic realm, like the shells of the electron cloud around atomic nuclei. In Young's dual slit experiment the scale is much larger than the subatomic realm. Small groups of electrons are fired down a cathode ray tube, through the dual slit grating and impact a screen covered in a material that phosphoresces when struck by electrons. The pattern that appears is the record of where the electrons struck. Not the electrons themselves. Feynman did provide a thought experiment where a singe electron was used in Young's dual slit experiment. Here is an article describing a realization of Feynman's thought experiment.
Feynman's double-slit experiment gets a makeover.
But again the interference pattern is the record of the location of the electrons, not the electrons themselves. The screen is not a single potential well where all the electrons are piling up as they pass through the dual slit grating. So as @Luke Pritchett pointed out PEP does not apply.
Comment: I downvoted because in fact Pauli exclusion principle applies always and everywhere. This answer misses the point IMO. The important thing here is that the interference is one involving two parts of the wavefunction of each individual particle, not the wavefunctions of two different particles.


Why does Task Scheduler NOT re-run successfully completed tasks

Question: I am using Task Scheduler on Windows 2008 x64. I have 3 tasks, running every night on different times without overlapping. It works for some days - usually 2-3 up to 10 (it's really random), then it stops running the tasks. When I look at the history, I see that the tasks completed successfully. In the UI, the column "Next Run Time" stays empty. The tasks are set to run on background; the account for running them is a domain one - it is valid and enabled. When I check with Process Explorer, there are no left-over processes associated with my tasks. I am completely baffled at what's going on.
Comment: Can you post more information about the tasks? Do they write logs and do this logs indicate any problems?
Comment: Agreed, more details are needed - there are a lot of task options in 2008 that can cause a task to expire or just not run in certain instances. There is also a "history" log for each task that could prove helpful.
Comment: It appears that the problem has nothing to do with the TS itself. Rather we had a problem with out domain controller. We fixed the DC and everything works now. Thanks for your replies!
Comment: Teo. I'm also facing on the same issue. The "Next Run Time" column of the scheduled task get empty in random and the task do not execute. Would you please let me know more in details about the problem with your DC and how you fix it? Thanks,
Terence
Answer: Microsoft hotfixed this issue recently:
"Next Run Time" value of some scheduled tasks is missing after you restart a computer that is running Windows Vista or Windows Server 2008
It worked for me.


Get rid of the smell after cooking fish

Question: After cooking fish, it always smells for several days even with the window open. Is there any way to get rid off the smell faster?
Comment: Are you using the term "cooking" in the sense of preparation method (fish heated in liquid) or in the sense of preparing a meal (irrespective of the actual method, can be also (pan-)frying, grilling or others)?
Comment: The standard smell to override cooking odors is vanilla... candles are effective, Finish the meal with a big pot of vanilla-flavored coffee?
Comment: Cook the fish outside using a grill.
Answer: One way is to burn a scented candle, the scent will slowly cover the fish smell.
Comment: @April my sister burns an *unscented* candle to get rid of toilet smells, with success, so that's not covering up the smell but destroying it. Supported by [How does a lit candle remove odors from a room?](https://www.quora.com/How-does-a-lit-candle-remove-odors-from-a-room)
Comment: Doesn't that just give 2 competing scents?
Answer: Prevention is the best way:

have a window open (as you already suggested);
properly install a good kitchen hood - not too high away from the cooking area, with a high air flow;
if possible, use a cover on the cooking pot, tray...; If you cook it in the over, you may even try wrapping it in aluminum foil;

The hood should be started before the smell starts spreading, and be stopped "long" after finishing cooking.
Post mortem, you may be successful by using an air ionizer, it might be able to break the smelly molecules floating in the air.
A passive apporach would be to create "strong" ventilation in the smelly area. If the weather is windy, just leave a few windows open. You may use a large ventilator, if the re is no wind.
Be careful NOT to spread the stink in all your apartment, depending on the direction of the wind.
Answer: Since thoroughly airing out your kitchen doesn't help I would suspect that there are still some (possibly very small) fish parts around.
Get rid of them: take out the waste, make sure that pan/pot and plates are clean (and not just waiting in the dishwasher). Clean all surfaces that might have come into contact with the fish (or with fat that the fish was fried in / condensation from the steam from cooking it). Also wash or throw out whatever you used for cleaning.

Get rid of the smell after cooking fish


What does "5B3/P" in CFM56-5B3/P mean?

Question: For the CFM56 engine model CFM56-5B3/P, what does "5B3/P" mean?
Answer: It's a more specific designation of the general engine. There are lots of variants of the CFM56 in your case the 5B3/P variant:

CFM56-5B3/P: Same as CFM56-5B1, except for increased thrust rating and
  redesigned high pressure compressor, high pressure turbine, and low
  pressure turbine.

The type certificate has the specific info for it as well. There is also lost of info on wikipedia under the -5B series section.

What does "5B3/P" in CFM56-5B3/P mean?


Lime mortar for indoor applications

Question: I have a question. Can I use lime mortar (hydrated lime and sand mix) for indoor applications? I have to re-point an old, brick wall (This is my first time doing it). Is it safe health-wise? What else could be used for this type of wall?
Comment: Well, lime plaster was commonly used indoors, AFAIK.
Answer: Sure, no problem, and if the wall is built using lime (most over 100 years old or so are) then you should use lime mortar and never cement (cement mortar is too hard and unforgiving of the normal movement in an old house).
The only health risk is the same as with using cement, i.e. don't breath in the powdered product and avoid skin contact. Use a mask when mixing the mortar and gloves to protect your skin.
Don't mix the mortar too sloppy, a stiff-ish mix is easier to re-point with. Always damp down the raked out joints with a garden sprayer and let it soak in a few minutes before pressing the mortar in (stops it drying out too quickly). Keep the finished re-pointing damp for a few days (draping a wet sheet over works okay inside, or mist spray it with a garden sprayer).
Using a sharp/washed/grit sand gives more authentic results than using a fine building sand. I sieve my local sharp sand to remove the biggest particles/stones, then I find it perfect for lime mortar work (you want about 3mm down to sand).
Use a finger trowel to put the mortar into the joints, (I make mine in various widths by cutting down cheap pointing trowels) it's cleaner and easier than using a regular, large pointing trowel.
Enjoy! Working with lime mortar is slower (and easier!) than cement mortars and gives a lovely finish.
Comment: @handymanWhat`s the best sand-to-lime ratio? I want my mix to be white. Should I go with 3 to 1 or I should add more lime to the mix and go with 2 to 2? One more question, After finishing my wall, can I give it a protective matte varnish?
Comment: @Beqa. A pretty 'standard' mix ratio is 1:3 (lime to course sand), although recent thinking is heading towards 1:2.5, so either of those will be okay.

It will be pretty light coloured with either of those. I'd steer clear of varnish, or indeed anything which might seal in any moisture. Breathability is key.

There are some micro-porous coatings you could look at if you must. The only reason to seal internal walls is if you're getting too much 'dust' to handle. Peoples tolerance varies in this matter, in my experience!

Lime mortar for indoor applications


What preposition would you use?

Question: Do you say I´ll arrive in the first week of July? or on the first week of July?
Answer:
You arrive in the first week of July...on a jet plane.
You arrive on July 4th...in a jet plane.

For month/week, use the preposition "in." For specific dates, use the preposition "on."
Comment: Why use "on a jet plane" in the 1st sentence and "in a jet plane" to the 2nd?
Answer: It is also acceptable to use no preposition whatsoever:

I'll arrive the first week of July

This is also acceptable with specific days

I'll arrive July 5th

This does not work with specific years.

I'll arrive in 2014. (only 'in' works)

However you can say

I'll arrive next year. ('in' would be incorrect here.)
Answer: Neither. I would say:

I´ll arrive during the first week of July.
Answer: The preposition 'in' is used with parts of the day, months, years, seasons etc.
Whereas 'on' is used with days and dates.
So for the question asked, 'I'll arrive in the first week of July.' is the appropriate answer.
Answer: 'IN' is used with:

parts of the day (in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening; note the exception: at night)
longer periods of time - weeks (in the 1st week of July), months (in July, in July 1969), years (in 2014), centuries (in the 15th c.)
seasons (in winter)

'ON' is used with:

weekdays (on Monday)
dates where the day of the month or another sequential number is given (on the 5th, on July 4th, on day 12)
events - both astronomical (on an eclipse) and human (on my birthday, on Independence Day)
parts of the day, when they are described somehow (on Monday morning, on some afternoons, on a cold winter night)
weeks, when more than one occurred during a set amount of time - typically followed by a/an (on a cold week in July)
weekends in AmE (on the weekend)

'AT' is used with:

"at night" (an exception)
exact times (at 5 o'clock)
longer-than-one-day holidays (at Christmas, but on Christmas Eve)
weekends in BrE (at the weekend)

nothing is used with:

next/last/etc followed by any of the above (weekday,week,...,year,century), when used without the 'the' article ('I arrived last week', 'I'll be there next Tuesday', etc.)

In your case, since you're using "first week", you need "in": "I'll arrive in the first week of July."'
Answer: I would either use "on" - or NO preposition, which I think is more natural.

What preposition would you use?


Most serious and significant attacks on Tor users have been done via malware. What is the state of the art technology to defend against this?

Question: The most significant attacks against Tor users have been done via malware; Even when additional security measures such as "Gap" is used in addition to Tor. What is the state of the art technology to defend against these attacks?
Comment: Please clarify how this question is related to Tor. If it is not, maybe move it to the more general "Information Security" stackexchange instead.
Comment: It's related to Tor through the NSA presentation that
Comment: Dear Rhin, Thanks for the comment. I edit the question
Answer: The best defenses against malware are, first, keeping your systems patched, and second, being wary about what you give permission to for running under your account or under a superuser (administrator/root) account.
An adversary targeting Tor users specifically may go after Tor Browser Bundle components.  If you keep your Tor Browser Bundle updated, you will likely not be taken over through the TBB by most attackers.
If an adversary first has an 0day exploit for TBB or other software you use, and second, is willing to take the chance of burning that 0day by using it, then you are at risk.  Think on your threat model, and make your decisions accordingly.
Comment: This may still be better in the more general Information Security stackexchange.
Answer: Use a live CD, that way any virus or Trojans Horse are eliminated by a reboot, change your mac address in case a zero day tries to sniff it and don't use any add-ons.


Remove the restricton of attaching images with low reputation

Question: I think preventing newbies to attach image to the question is unnecessary. I could add links  to the images I want to attach, so the first reader with high reputation will edit my post and add it as a image. So why this restriction? It just force Stack Overflow users to double work (bit work, but double)
Comment: @RalZarek - I hadn't seen that answer. Actually that seems completely counterintuitive. On the larger sites such as StackOverflow any abuse will be dealt with *more* quickly. I can't imagine a blatant spam or NSFW image lasting more than 2 minutes on SO.
Comment: @hims056 - It is not a duplicate of that. The requests are different. This request is to remove the reputation requirement entirely. That one is to institute an approval workflow.
Comment: @MartinSmith but that other one resulted in removing the restriction anywhere outside the biggest 4 sites.
Answer: If you remove this restriction, you add another tool for users that want to troll the site. Being able to post NSFW images of all kinds could cause a lot of trouble. There are all kinds of images floating around the internet that you regret ever looking at, I think it could be a bit too dangerous to allow any user to plaster those across the site.
This is a point where you have to decide between the potential harm done by the restriction and the potential benefit. How harmful this restriction is depends a lot on the specific site, on SO posting an image is rather uncommon, most questions consist of some text and a code block. On sites like Photo or DIY posting an image is very common, so the restriction should be disabled there (and it is, I think).
What we should do is to make it clearer to new users that they can't add images and warn them earlier, the current UI is rather bad and misleading in that aspect.
Comment: It's only once an image is uploaded that a red box full of text that says "You need a minimum of 10 reputation to post images".
Comment: The red box @Qantas94Heavy mentions is OK, but it should end with "Link to imgur copy added instead". And of course that's how it should work - images are uploaded anyway, so why not to link to them? Users would see it's a link by low-rep so they would be able to choose if they wanna see it or not.


View Slideshow with different effects on the same view

Question: I want to create a slideshow with caption using Views Slideshow.
I've set up a view with image | description fields, but everything slide at the same time. How can I set different effects for different field? Should I use different views and attach them together?
Answer: If you want to implement different effect for each slide, then you can use views fractionslider module to implement same.

jQuery plugin for image/text-sliders. It allows you to animate
  multiple elements per slide. Set different animation methods like fade
  or (from) left, delays and easing for each element, or simple set some
  defaults in the plugin options. You also have full layout/design
  control through html and css (every html-element can be animated). Its
  also fully responsive.
Comment: This is an old question, I already gave up with it, but the plugin you are suggesting is really interesting. Does it integrate with Views module?
Answer: It may cost you some money but this seems to be a very nice Drupal module http://codecanyon.net/item/mega-slider/4313171?WT.ac=category_thumb&WT.seg_1=category_thumb&WT.z_author=megadrupal
Answer: Making a view attachment works, except the controls aren't linked and they can get out of sync with each other.
I've been trying to accomplish something similar.  I'd like one field to fade and another to slide.  The method I'm trying to duplicate is on www.bluecadet.com, but I'm guessing they're using a custom slider they made in-house.
I'm exploring overriding the views slideshow tpl files, but I'm quickly getting lost.
Answer: If you're using the jquery cycle plugin you can use the advanced options to apply some jquery to the elements within each individual slide. I found it easiest to do this inside of a custom js file, rather than doing it from the views configuration page.
the before and after settings are what you'll need to use. So your custom js file could have some code similar to this:
$('YOUR_SLIDESHOW_WRAPPER_DIV_NAME_HERE').cycle({
     fx: 'fade',
     speed: 'slow',
     timeout: 0,
     before: onBefore,
     after: onAfter,

    });

 function onBefore(curr, next, opts){
    // Code to do stuff before the slide changes
       $('.slide_description_wrapper').slideUp();
    }

 function onAfter(curr, next, opts){
   // Code to do stuff after the slide changes
    $('.slide_description_wrapper').slideDown();
}

You can see an example of this here... it's a bit more complex than what's in the code above, but it gives you a good idea of how you can trigger custom jquery events on elements within each slide.
Answer: In your view slideshow format setting under the avanced jquery option select the fx option under advanced option value you can enter the various effect seprate by comma.this operation require the json2.js.you should but this file in sites/all/libraries/json2 for jQuery Cycle Plugin - Option Reference-http://malsup.com/jquery/cycle/options.html


Black hole thought experiment

Question: We have two super-massive black holes with the same mass rotating around their center of mass. Now, lets put something very dense at the center of mass. It has to be that it's radius is the Schwarzschild radius. Normally, if there weren't those two black holes rotating, this body would become a black hole. And now my question is: does the Schwarzschild radius differ when the are additional masses around a certain body, or will it just will stay the same? I thought about it because of a question: "why didn't the big bang collapse into black hole?" and the answer was because the black hole forms when there is a dense body in not so dense space or something like that. If I'm wrong please tell me where (I'm just high school student who is interested in physics).
Comment: The first part is about the black hole's shape in a gravitational field.  The second is completely different and perhaps should be a separate question : why did the big bang not become a black hole ?
Comment: but i known   the answer second one and first is implication of this
Answer: The Schwartzchild black hole is a toy model, that probably does not exist in nature, sorry if you know this already. It does not include the angular momentum of a real star, so all real black holes will be rotating (probably).
The second thing I would like to point out is the Birkoff Theorem, which says the gravitional effect of the mass inside the event horizon will not change if the mass inside expands symmetrically. This is probably unlikely unless the system is set up just right, but I think I should mention it.
I don't know how fast your system is moving, or what relative positions they have to each other (or, most importantly, I have no idea what happens inside a black hole event horizon), but I mention these things because 1. I think you should read up on them, as you don't mention them in your post, and 2. without knowing  more about your setup,  I don't think your question has an answer at present.
Am I saying, read up a bit more and post a shorter, more focused question, than includes these point?  Yes, no offence, I am :) best of luck with it.
Comment: ok thanks i will read some more and try to make this question as precise as possible.
Comment: This might sound patronizing, it's definitely not intended to be, it's from my own mistakes. I think you have a decent question, as regards what happens when a black hole pulls on another one, as I always wanted to know about this  But there may be duplicates, I would have a look.   The shorter and more specific, and more research you show, such as the theorem I mentioned, the more chance you have of getting an answer. One book I would highly recommend is [Relatively Demystified](https://www.amazon.com/Relativity-Demystified-David-McMahon/dp/0071455450),  it is full of worked examples

Black hole thought experiment


What happens to those electrons of BEC cold atoms?

Question: BEC cold atoms occupy the same ground state. But what about the electrons or other fermions of the BEC atoms? Are they in the same state? Do electrons of one atom interact with those of another?
Comment: I think this a pretty deep question that applies broadly to quantum phenomena. I might phrase it this way: How does hierarchy work in all of QM? That is, when a complex object "goes quantum," what is the relationship of its internal components to the rest of the universe? I think in general this gets handled by noting simply that it's OK to ignore the details. However, when you look at effects such Mossbauer, that kind of simple assumption doesn't help much.
Answer: Yes, the electrons are in the same state and yes they interact (in the sense that identical bosons interact to create a BEC). The explanation is kind of involved.

In a collection of identical atoms, it's not possible for us to distinguish between them. This also applies to their electrons. This is true whether or not the atoms are cold enough to be in a BEC state.
Now the rules of QM state that when you have identical particles (electrons or atoms) you have to symmetrize over them. Thus a literal answer to your question "But what about the electrons or other fermions of the BEC atoms? Are they in the same state?" is "Yes, they're in the same state but this doesn't have anything to do with the BEC state.
Your second question: "Do electrons of one atom interact with those of another?" can be answered similarly. If you consider the electrons as identical particles which must be symmetrized over, then it is impossible to distinguish one electron from the other. Therefore they must all be in the same state. So anything you do to "one" electron will effect all of them. Therefore they do interact; their waveforms are shared.

Now let's be more specific about your questions in terms of the nature of the BEC state. Consider just a single atom. It is described by a wave function. As the atom is placed in a cooler environment it loses energy. This loss of energy changes the shape of the wave function. It makes the wave function bigger. The wavelength for the wave function of a gas atom is called the "Thermal de Broglie wavelength". The formula is:
$$\lambda_T = \frac{h}{\sqrt{2\pi m k T}}$$
where $h$ is the Planck constant, $k$ is the Boltzmann constant, $T$ is the temperature, and $m$ is the mass of the gas atom.
The thing to note about the above formula is that as the temperature gets lower, the wavelength $\lambda_T$ gets bigger. When you reach the point that the wavelengths are larger than the distances between atoms, you have a BEC. The reference book I've got is "Bose-Einstein Condensation in Dilute Gases" by C. J. Pethick and H. Smith (2008) which has, on page 5:

"An equivalent way of relating the transition [to BEC] temperature to
  the particle density is to compare the thermal de Broglie wavelength
  $\lambda_T$ with the mean interparticle spacing, which is of the order
  $n^{-1/3}$. ... At high temperatures, it is small and the gas behaves
  classically. Bose-Einstein condensation in an ideal gas sets in when
  the temperature is so low that $\lambda_T$ is comparable to
  $n^{-1/3}$."

When the wavelengths are longer than the inter-particle distances, the combined wave function for the atoms (which one must symmetrize by the rules of QM) becomes "coherent". That is, one can no longer treat the wave functions of different atoms as if they were independent.

To illustrate the importance of this, let's discuss the combined wave function of two fermions that are widely separated with individual wave functions $\psi_1(r_1)$ and $\psi_2(r_2)$. For fermions, the combined symmetrized wave function is:
$$\psi(r_1,r_2) = (\psi_1(r_1)\psi_2(r_2) - \psi_1(r_2)\psi_2(r_1))/\sqrt{2}.$$
Now the Pauli exclusion principle says that exchanging two fermions causes the combined wave function to change sign. That's the purpose of the "-" in the above equation; swapping $r_1$ for $r_2$ gives you negative of the wave function before the change.
Another, more immediate, way of stating the Pauli exclusion principle is that you can't find two fermions in the same position. Thus we must have that $\psi(r_a,r_a) = 0$ for any fermion wave function where $r_a$ can be any point in space. But for the case of the combined wave function of two waves that are very distant from one another there is no point $r_a$ where both of the wave functions are not zero (that is, the wave functions do not overlap). Thus the Pauli exclusion principle doesn't make a restriction on the combined wave function in the sense of excluding the possibility that both electrons could appear at the same point. That was already intrinsically required by the fact that the two wave functions were far apart.
Now I used the above argument about "far apart fermions" because the Pauli exclusion principle has a more immediate meaning to a lot of people than the equivalent principle in bosons. The same argument applies to bosons, but in reverse. Bosons prefer to be found near one another, however if we write down the combined wave function for two widely separated bosons, there is still a zero probability of finding both bosons at the same location. Again the reason is the same as in the fermion case: $\psi_1(r_b)$ is only going to be nonzero in places where $\psi_2(r_b)$ is already zero. The bosons are too far apart to interact (in the sense of changing the probability of finding both at the same point from what you'd otherwise expect classically).
Another way of saying all this is that in QM, there is no interaction between things except if their wave functions overlap in space. You use the thermal de Broglie wave function to determine how big a wave function has to be. If the atoms are closer than that, they're interacting in the sense of bose (or fermi) condensates.

So let's apply our understanding to the question "do the electrons interact" in a BEC. Consider the $\lambda_T$ formula to the electron. Since $m$ appears in the denominator, replacing the atom with the electron decreases $m$ by a factor of perhaps 3 or 4 orders of magnitude. This increases $\lambda_T$ by perhaps 2 orders of magnitude. Therefore, any gas which is cold enough to be a BEC will be composed of electrons that are much more than cold enough to also be coherent.
Comment: -1, because I see no point in discussing the thermal wavelength for electrons, as far as they are bound. This would make sense in an ionized gas, probably. Also, I do not agree that all electrons are in the same state because the wavefunction is anti-symmetric. If I had a system of two non-interacting electrons in a potential well, I would be able to have them in different states (actually I would have to). I think that *this* is what the "state" in the questions refers to.
Answer: Good question! I'm not an expert in Bose-Einstein condensation but I will try to give an answer.
When temperature is lowered in an ensemble of atoms which have integer spin (so that they are bosons and then they are susceptible to condensate) the wavefunction of each individual atom overlaps with the wavefunction of the other atoms. They form, as I see it, a kind of superatom, with different orbitals (each atom). The electrons are not in the same state because themselves are fermions and that would violate Pauli principle. Indeed, the electrons are in different space-time positions $\mathbf{r}_i,t_i$ with with different quantum numbers $\nu_i$ for each orbital so everything its fine.
The question about interactions is very interesting. I imagine that, as happens in isolated atoms, electron- electron interactions can be tackled roughly with a Thomas-Fermi model for screening but I have never read anything like this. The phenomena of BEC is robust against the interactions and appears even when considering free ball-like bosonic atoms, because is purely statistical effect...
D.
Comment: yeah, i don't know what the accepted answer is going on about, but this is the correct answer. in light of Ken Wilson's recent passing, perhaps we might say that the electrons on the atoms are so deeply bound that they are not present as degrees of freedom in the low energy effective field theory of BEC. ;)
Comment: RIP, Dr. Wilson.
Answer: When you describe BEC as condensation of an ideal Bose gas, you completely neglect interaction between the atoms. This is ok because the density of a BEC is so much lower of the liquid of solid phase of the same species of atoms. Thus the answer to your question is that nothing happens to the electrons, they keep orbiting the nuclei at their undisturbed orbits. The only times their fermionic nature matters for BEC is an occasional collision between the atoms which is not essential for the basic nature of the Bose condensation effect.
Answer: This is a great question. I won't claim to have the final answer, but I do think there is an important point to be made here.
Let's take the simple case of Rb87. There is a single electron in the valence shell, allowing the atomic structure to be described as "hydrogen-like." If you study the electronic structure, you find that the electron spin interacts with its own angular momentum about the nucleus. This gives rise to different possible orientations of angular momentum and spin with different energies. In other words, an energy splitting, known as fine structure. A further splitting of each of the fine structure lines results from the interaction of the electron's total angular momentum, and nuclear spin. This is called hyperfine structure and it's roughly 3 orders of magnitude weaker than FS (but still quite important). So in the end, the possible states an atom can occupy are given by it's hyperfine energy levels, which in Rb87 are usually separated on the order of 100 MHz. THE reference for line data can be found here.
The point is that the atomic state is all we have. The coupling of electronic and nuclear states means that expressing the bare electron wavefunction becomes fruitless, much in the same way that you would never expect to describe an entangled photon using a single particle wavefunction.
An illuminating example comes from Cooper pairing, which gives rise to superconductivity. Cooper pairs are bosons, and so they can Bose condense. But the wavefunctions of the constituent electrons are now tied to their partners, making it impossible to give the state of just one of these paired electrons.
Just a thought, I hope it helps.
Comment: Commenting here because it's the easiest way to reach you: if you would like to merge two accounts, see [this page](http://physics.stackexchange.com/contact/user-merge) and follow the instructions there.
Answer: The short answer is no. Two indistinguishable Fermions never occupy the same state.
But it is an interesting question still: The wavefunctions of the cold atoms in a BEC are all mingled and overlapping, so why doesn't it apply to the electron wavefunctions as well? Aren't electrons part of the Bose-gas?
Let's have a look at the length scales we are talking about: The typical density of cold atoms is $n=10^{14}\text{ cm}^{-3}$, corresponding to an interparticle spacing of $n^{-1/3}\approx 200$ nm. Also the thermal deBroglie wavelength $\lambda_\text{T}$ of the atoms is of this order in a BEC, meaning the atom wavefunctions overlap and form a single super-wavefunction. The atoms meanwhile are much smaller, only a few $0.1$ nm! It's like lighting a few single pixels on a 1024x782 computer screen. And by this I mean the extent of all the electron orbitals. The electron wavefunctions are not smeared out in a BEC, they are well localized around each atom. Therefore, two wavefunctions of electrons in the same state but of different atoms never overlap in space, because atoms are still tiny and the gas is very dilute. So there's no problem to have electrons of different atoms in the same electronic state.
So why do the atom wavefunctions smear out at cold temperatures and the electron wavefunctions don't? The truth is, the electrons bound by an atom are almost always cold! They form a small cloud of a degenerate (i.e. cold) Fermi-gas around each atom, where every state up to a maximum is filled up. This changes only at a temperature at which the atom kinetic energy ~kT is of the order of the electronic level spacing ~$1$ eV or $T\approx 1~\text{eV}/k_B\approx 10^4~$K. In fact, the electron wavefunctions are smeared out as much as they possibly can be while still being bound to the atom!
Comment: Thanks for this clear answer.  Can you explain though, what keeps the overlapping nuclei from fusing into one another, to form iron?
Comment: That may a point of confusement, but the nuclei don't overlap, their **wavefunctions** do. The Bose-gas is still a (dilute) gas.


Different looking bearing races

Question: So I'm cleaning my bearings and the cups and I've just realised one of them looks like it's been bent inward. Is it supposed to look like this or has something happened?
Comment: Looks like a wear pattern to me ?  What was the condition of the old ball bearings and the cone?   You should replace all the balls with a new set as a bare minimimum before reassembly.   Note - the balls run on the silvery strip, the innermost part of the metal is not a bearing surface and can be any shape.
Comment: @Criggie actually the bearings roll in the area further in. The silvery strip that you're talking about is where a cover goes on. I'm not sure if it was on the same side but one of the cones did have slight pits in it. I have only put good bearings in and replaced the ones that were not smooth anymore.
Comment: I can't really make anything out in those photos, unfortunately. They're rather over-exposed and the critical parts are blown out to pure white.
Comment: @DavidRicherby well I can tell you that the area that should be flat, like in the second picture, is instead moderately curved inwards. Hopefully that helps you to understand how it looks.
Answer:
Expanding on my comment cos a picture is worth many words - this is the line which is the bearing surface, that the ball bearings "bear" onto.
The slightly bronze circle that is closer to the hole in the middle is important as it provides support for the critical area, but the shape doesn't really matter.  Yes the inside edge looks slightly deformed, but since its not the track on which the balls roll, then its not important.
Here's a modified cutaway from figure 6

If you want to put this to the test, clean your parts and the old balls and then draw on the bearing race with whiteboard/dry-erase marker.  A sharpie might work.  Either way, avoid black.  Reassemble your bearing completely dry of grease and spin it by hand for a couple revolutions to put witness marks into the dry marker-pen.  Only need to do one side of the axle, not both cos its only a test and not for riding.  Use the old balls so you don't scuff up new ones.

I think we were talking about different silver circles in comments.
The other possibility is that there is some artefact you can see directly that isn't showing in the photos. Damage like on this spalled cone may not be visible in the photo, which would be completely different.
Comment: I understand now. We were definitely both thinking of different silver circles. The picture you posted looks the same as my cone but instead the small dent is not in one place but all over the cone.

Different looking bearing races


Electrum wallet giving dust error even for larger amount

Question: I have used this wallet sever times before to send or receive. I closed, downloaded and tried again to send to multiple addresses.
Error message:
https://i.stack.imgur.com/RK47s.jpg
Answer: Please try switching servers using the Network option or the green dot button in the bottom-right. Try making the same payment from a different server.
Answer: The dust threshold depends on the min relay fee, which is a server setting.
Thus, it is server dependent. At this point, this threshold is not sent by the Electrum server to the client, but it is a default value, hardcoded in the client. That default value might be lower than the value set by the server you are using. Try to use another server.


Document Library marked as catalog can't be crawled by Search Engine

Question: I have created a new Site Collection in SharePoint Online.  I've turned on Cross Site Publishing for the Site Collection.  When I go into Library Settings --> Catalog Settings, I'm enabling the Library as a catalog.
When I go back to Catalog Settings, I'm getting a message under Search Information:

It is not possible to retrieve crawl information as the system is
  configured in a way that limits access to this information.

I've gone to the Advanced Settings page, confirmed the library should appear in search results and clicked re-index Document Library, but am still getting this message.
Any ideas?
Answer: Problem solved.  There must be at least one document present in a Document Library for Search Features to activate.