Magento2: Missing commands on build server

Question: I try to make a Magento2 Pipeline Deployment and running in a awkward error.
But first a few words to the deployment:
I use a docker container with installed php and nodejs.

I copy in the container my magento application directory
I execute composer install --no-dev --prefer-dist
I execute php bin/magento setup:di:compile
I execute npm install
I execute grunt exec --myTheme

Step 5 is where the error occurs:
[Symfony\Component\Console\Exception\CommandNotFoundException] There are no commands defined in the "dev:source-theme" namespace.

When entering the docker container at this state and running bin/magento list , There are only the following commands:
    Available commands:
  help                                     Displays help for a command
  list                                     Lists commands
 admin
  admin:user:create                        Creates an administrator
 app
  app:config:import                        Import data from shared configuration files to appropriate data storage
 i18n
  i18n:collect-phrases                     Discovers phrases in the codebase
  i18n:pack                                Saves language package
 info
  info:adminuri                            Displays the Magento Admin URI
  info:backups:list                        Prints list of available backup files
  info:currency:list                       Displays the list of available currencies
  info:dependencies:show-framework         Shows number of dependencies on Magento framework
  info:dependencies:show-modules           Shows number of dependencies between modules
  info:dependencies:show-modules-circular  Shows number of circular dependencies between modules
  info:language:list                       Displays the list of available language locales
  info:timezone:list                       Displays the list of available timezones
 maintenance
  maintenance:allow-ips                    Sets maintenance mode exempt IPs
  maintenance:disable                      Disables maintenance mode
  maintenance:enable                       Enables maintenance mode
  maintenance:status                       Displays maintenance mode status
 module
  module:disable                           Disables specified modules
  module:enable                            Enables specified modules
  module:status                            Displays status of modules
  module:uninstall                         Uninstalls modules installed by composer
 setup
  setup:backup                             Takes backup of Magento Application code base, media and database
  setup:config:set                         Creates or modifies the deployment configuration
  setup:cron:run                           Runs cron job scheduled for setup application
  setup:db-data:upgrade                    Installs and upgrades data in the DB
  setup:db-schema:upgrade                  Installs and upgrades the DB schema
  setup:db:status                          Checks if DB schema or data requires upgrade
  setup:di:compile                         Generates DI configuration and all missing classes that can be auto-generated
  setup:install                            Installs the Magento application
  setup:performance:generate-fixtures      Generates fixtures
  setup:rollback                           Rolls back Magento Application codebase, media and database
  setup:static-content:deploy              Deploys static view files
  setup:store-config:set                   Installs the store configuration. Deprecated since 2.2.0. Use config:set instead
  setup:uninstall                          Uninstalls the Magento application
  setup:upgrade                            Upgrades the Magento application, DB data, and schema

The dev:source-theme command is missing...
After reading a lot about the pipeline deployment I found that the problem is maybe that there is no db connection.
But I need to build the assets without db connection because I don't have a db connection in my Gitlab CI.
Is there anyone out there who can help me pls :-(
Answer: It is because in step 2 you have installed magento using --no-dev param, it has skipped installing dev packages ( source );

--no-dev: Skip installing packages listed in require-dev. The autoloader generation skips the autoload-dev rules.


White image while inserting a SVG image in TCPDF

Question: I'm trying to insert some SVG images in a PDF using TCPDF with the method TCPDF::ImageSVG, but when I try this I get a white space.
If I try to enable TCPDF::setRasterizeVectorImages the image shows in the PDF file, but it is rasterized of course and so its quality is not good.
Do you have any idea?
Thank you very much for your help!
Answer: Unfortunately, TCPDF's SVG handling is quite limited, and the cause of your issue depends on the SVG you are trying to use.  Later versions of TCPDF support more SVG functionality, so if you haven't done so, try using a later version of TCPDF.
If an update doesn't resolve the issue, and you're forced to use raster images, you can improve quality at the cost of file size. You can do this by rasterizing them at a high DPI yourself outside of TCPDF. Once you've done this, take your new high-resolution raster image and add it to your PDF with the Image method like any other raster image.  At work we usually rasterize to 300dpi, but your application may call for more or less.
If your image gets added to the PDF far larger on the page than you expected, specify at least one of the dimensions so TCPDF knows how much of the page you're intending the image to use.


Investor returns from crowdfunding

Question: Investors of crowdfunded projects often have varying motivations, such as early-access products, philanthropy, etc. That said, financial returns are advertised for many crowdfunded projects (essentially, the investors are offered some kind of piece of equity). I tried to find some studies or data on the historical returns for crowdfunded projects, but I wasn't able to find any. Is the expected value for typical crowdfunding investments negative?
Comment: There are plenty of questions about historical/expected stock market returns and there are plenty of questions regarding scams. There are also questions regarding crowdfunding. I fail to see how asking about investor returns from crowdfunding is unacceptable?
Comment: I'm struggling to frame this question as a good, on topic question in my head, but I'm not sure it's clearly not on topic so I won't vtc.  But I think part of this is that I don't see "Crowdfunding" and "investment" as in any way congruent; perhaps some explicit examples would help.  But even so, I'm not sure this is exactly a fit - "Is the expected value for [investment] negative" is probably not a good question here, is it?  Or is it?
Comment: There are "peer to peer lending" sites.  I don't care to name brand names, but their aggregate returns over time are easily googled.
Comment: Here is an example where crowdfunding is pitched as an investment with potential returns: https://www.invesdor.com/en/pitches/745
Answer: Crowdfunding can be a legitimate means of funding very small startups. It is an innovative, but obviously risky, method of raising small amounts of money. As such it is now regulated by the SEC under "Regulation Crowdfunding" They have published guides for these types of business startups to help them with required disclosures and reporting requirements:
https://www.sec.gov/info/smallbus/secg/rccomplianceguide-051316.htm
Here's the introduction to the relevant regulatory authority of the SEC:
Under the Securities Act of 1933, the offer and sale of securities must be registered unless an exemption from registration is available.  Title III of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups (JOBS) Act of 2012 added Securities Act Section 4(a)(6) that provides an exemption from registration for certain crowdfunding transactions.[2]  In 2015, the Commission adopted Regulation Crowdfunding to implement the requirements of Title III.[3]  Under the rules, eligible companies will be allowed to raise capital using Regulation Crowdfunding starting May 16, 2016.
It is obviously a new form of investment but you should be able to get historical data on the SEC's real time Edgar reporting system once there is some history.
This is a search for all Form C's filed as of 12/2/16

Investor returns from crowdfunding


Basement moisture on foundation issues

Question: After taking all sheet-rock down I noticed that all walls (cement block) siting under ground are moist. Some of them even ate through footers. After farther look at the house I found out that their is no insulation on the outside of the cement blocks that are under ground. On the blueprint of my basement I marked in red most affected areas or rather corners. This is walkout basement. My question is, should I try to divert water from the house by insulation/wrap and drain on an outside or French drainage on the inside? Also the whole house is on the slope and red circles are on the side that is deeper under ground. Thank you for all help.
Comment: Have you digged down from the outside to see what is going on.  It also helps to dry it out and see where the water issues start.    it would also help to see pictures from the outside from different angles.   This does not appear to be a water table issue
Answer: Moisture is either coming up from below (a rising water table) or its coming from the surrounding ground water in the saturated soil.
If it comes up from a rising water table, it will enter the basement space from below through the crack between the foundation wall and slab.
It appears from your pictures that moisture is at the BOTTOM OF THE WALL. Therefore, the perf pipe needs to be installed at the bottom of the wall.
If it comes from the surrounding ground water, it COULD enter the living space through the wall, especially if the EXTERIOR side of the foundation wall is not sealed properly.
Either way the moisture enters the living space it will need to be collected and disposed. I think the best way to collect it is on the exterior side of the foundation wall in drainrock and a perforated pipe laid 6"-8" below the interior basement slab.
To keep the subsurface water from seeping through the wall, I recommend installing a moisture barrier on the exterior side of the foundation wall and install a 2" thick plastic mesh on the wall to allow water to flow down to the perf pipe. If dirt is allowed to be backfilled against the wall, the dirt could hold the moisture against the wall giving it a chance to seep through the wall.
Once collected it needs to be disposed by extending a solid pipe over an embankment or in a collection well and pumped away.
Remember, water flows in the direction of least resistance.
Comment: How can I find out if the water comes from below or walls ? It will be expensive for us to get that done on an outside so I wouldn't want to end up with another job to drain inside.
Comment: @Lukas718 You don't need to add perf pipe inside your basement, if water is coming from below. It will naturally percolate to the perimeter perf pipe. Just make sure the pipe is about 6" below the top of the slab.
Comment: So it would be better to seal the outside around the house ? Should I leave gravel on the bottom and lay drain pipe around ? Sorry for so many questions but I'm super new to that and now kind of stuck with companies telling me to get French drainage in my basement which is over 14k that I didn't plan to spend.
Comment: Yes, lay drainrock on the exterior of the basement wall and install a perforated pipe about 6" below the top of the slab and backfill with drainrock. I also like filter fabric to line the excavation.
Answer: Block walls will always leak if there is not enough drainage from outside the home. Since you have a walk out basement you will have a much easier time of fixing your problem. First you would want to try a shallow French drain around the premises, dropping down to the lower level and making sure you connect to any gravel at the lower corners of the home and continue down the hill a few feet and have the pipe exit at ground level, this will take care of runoff from the high side and help Chanel any slab back pressure down the hill. I have had 2 daylight basement's or walk outs both that required a lot of work down stairs because of water damage. I installed a 4' deep drain on the first home across the front and down the sides it was dry for 13 years when we upgraded, the second was an older home with 2 sides below grade and damage close to the below grade corner, this home I installed a 3' deep Drain and it did the job. I did add some weep holes next to the below grade garage outside in the retaining wall (as I later enclosed this and opened the basement to make a huge man cave)  that area never had problems after ~8 years , my daughter lives there and it has been a few years since I moved ~+8 and she has not asked for any help so it is probably still dry. But that's what I would do . Use heavy plastic sheeting from the siding under the pipe and gravel and then back up a foot or 2 this keeps the water contained and really helps. I have done this on 2 of my homes and over a dozen when I worked for my dad's construction company.
Comment: Your system of installing a perf pipe only 4' deep only works if it's collecting surface water (rain water) or water from downspouts that dumps water out on the surface. It does not account for subsurface water or a rising watertable, which the OP clearly has. Look at the pictures and you'll see the exterior wall is wet from the basement slab UP THE WALL.
Comment: Seems like a bigger project that I can handle. Any recommendations for NJ company that could do that ?
Comment: With daylight basement or walkout as they are called in my area only a diversion of the up the hill water is required, I have 2 personal , my homes that I lived in for years and my daughter still lives in today, on a hill or walkout or daylight basement there is at least 1 surface of the home that has below grade drainage below the slab by definition, any water that enters the lower level is from surface water or a spring and both have been eliminated from the many homes I have fixed , if you are a flat lander you don't have a clue but I have owned and fixed homes in several states.-

Basement moisture on foundation issues


What's the name of the place where you can exchange waste material for money?

Question: What's the name of the place where you can get money for every kilo of iron, copper or aluminum you bring in? Collecting yard?
Comment: Recycling center, if it's material that you can recycle.
Answer: I know that here in California, USA, they're called recycling centers. I assume this usage extends to the rest of the US.

Californians don't have to go out of their way to recycle. There are 1,687 recycling centers statewide that buy back empty California Refund Value (CRV) beverage containers, most conveniently located near places you live and work.
  (Ca.gov)

I think they're also called recycling centres in the UK.

There are recycling centres and scrap dealers all across the UK that will pay for a bundle of aluminium cans. (thinkcans.net)

I think another name for it might be scrapyard, but I'm not entirely sure. I think this might be used more with cars or other bulky items. Here's one usage I found online

Since 1949, Atlas Iron & Metal has been providing a friendly environment to cater to the needs of those who scrap. As a family business that began in the auto wrecking industry, Atlas Iron & Metal Co., has developed into one of the Los Angeles areas most dependable scrap yards & recycling facilities.
[...] For over half a century, Atlas has opened it's gates and catered to the needs of individuals who scrap.
We buy scrap copper, steel, aluminum, stainless steel, brass, hi temp alloys such as carbide, nickel, inconel, titanium & more!
  (Atlas Iron & Metal Co.)
Comment: From a British English perspective I would definitely go for "scrapyard". To me "recycling centre" means either a) the place where I can dispose of bulky household waste for free or b) a big operation where dumptrucks turn up with waste, either council or commercially run. If I had a couple of old copper water tanks that I wanted to get paid for I'd google for a "scrapyard".
Comment: I agree with AndyT.  A recycling center is generally where you are allowed to dispose of materials, not where you can exchange them for money.  You would generally need a scrapyard, broker, or other business that purchases materials.


how to get image coordinates of source points in saoimage ds9?

Question: I loaded my fits image to saoimage ds9. Then, Analysis->Catalogs automatically brought up source locations.  how can i get xy image coordinates of this source locations?
Comment: Not quite with you. Does your image have wcs information? Are the green circles the positions from some catalog you have uploaded (as I see some appear to lie outside the image)?
Comment: i downloaded image from http://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/applications/2MASS/IM/inventory.html#pos. I did not upload catalog. Program (from  Analysis->Catalogs->Infrared-> 2MASS PS) found the green circles. I think it uses image's WCS information for this.
Comment: catalog have _raj2000 _dej2000 raj2000 dej2000 ... fields. But i am not sure about their meanings. I found a set of explanations on the net but could not get it cause i don't have an astronomical background.
Comment: btw in astropy i used load_spitzer_catalog() method to load a catalog and i am able to convert ra and de fields of it by using wcs info of the corresponding image obtained by load_spitzer_image() to pixel coordinates. But this raj2000 dej2000 fields seem different.
Answer: OK, it seems to me that what you have is a fits image (from where?) that has some world coordinate system information attached. When you load the 2MASS catalogue, SAOimage is able to use the RA and Dec in the catalogue to calculate the x,y positions of the catalog sources in your image (and marks them as green circles).
Is what you are asking - how do I get the x,y coordinates of these 2MASS sources in my image? Or do you wish to know what the x,y coordinates of the actual sources in your image? If the latter then you will need some other software like Sextractor or DAOphot to do source-searching and parameterisation in your image.
If the former, here's a way of doing it. When you load the catalog you should see a window open entitled "2MASS Point sources" which lists all the sources in your image. From the "File" dialogue, select "Copy to regions". Then, in the main image window open the "Regions" dialogue and select "List regions". Another dialogue box will open asking you to select the format and coordinate system. From this, select "x,y" for the format and "image" for the coordinate system. This will give you a list of x,y coordinates.
If you want to match this up with the 2MASS sources then you have to "list regions" again, but this time select "fk5" as the coordinate system. This will then give you a list of the RA, Dec of the same sources. Use you favourite editor to attach these lists to each other.
Quite probably there is a more elegant solution, but this works.
Comment: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/34924223/getting-extra-catalog-fields-by-saoimage-ds9


Force delete a page or component

Question: I believe we are not able to delete some pages/component after publishing all because we are turning publications on/off. Although I have unpublish from all current publications, it still says it is published to somewhere when trying to delete.
If there a way where I can delete those pages/components (without going to DB using SQL)?
Comment: Nick provides the publication target approach. At least for SDL Tridion 2009 and 2011, Chris Summers and Frank van Puffelen describe how to [do the same with code](http://stackoverflow.com/q/11327484/395495).
Answer: Yes there is a way. Tridion 2013 has a feature to decommission publishing targets.  However, since your question is regarding Tridion 2011 SP1, you can resort to a technique where you fake the publication target to which your page is published to. Tanner Brine explains this technique here: http://www.tridiondeveloper.com/tricking-tridion-into-unpublishing-content-from-dead-targets
Comment: The solution seems fine but it is also quite time consuming, especially if we have changed many publications (add/remove/change). I am hoping there is some thing simpler but  I am less optimistic there is a simple solution now.
Answer: Thanks Alvin for pointing out the solution using code. I think I like this solution better https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11327484/how-to-set-ispublishedto-status-on-a-tridion-component

Force delete a page or component


Apple's magnetic charging port has been patented, but why wasn't a search engine?

Question: Apple's magnetic port has been patented, and now no other company can use the same idea to build its charging ports. If this can be achieved for a charging port, I was wondering why a search engine or an e-commerce platform per se can't be patented so that no other competitor would start working on it.
Answer: Explanations of Apple's MagSafe patent are here.
The USPTO explains what can be patented under U.S. statute (which is generally informative for all member countries of the Patent Cooperation Treaty):

[A]ny person who "invents or discovers any new and useful process,
machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful
improvement thereof, may obtain a patent," subject to the conditions
and requirements of the law. The word "process" is defined by law as a
process, act, or method, and primarily includes industrial or
technical processes. The term "machine" used in the statute needs no
explanation. The term "manufacture" refers to articles that are made,
and includes all manufactured articles. The term "composition of
matter" relates to chemical compositions and may include mixtures of
ingredients as well as new chemical compounds. These classes of
subject matter taken together include practically everything that is
made by man and the processes for making the products.
Interpretations of the statute by the courts have defined the limits
of the field of subject matter that can be patented, thus it has been
held that the laws of nature, physical phenomena, and abstract ideas
are not patentable subject matter.
A patent cannot be obtained upon a
mere idea or suggestion. The patent is granted upon the new machine,
manufacture, etc., as has been said, and not upon the idea or
suggestion of the new machine. A complete description of the actual
machine or other subject matter for which a patent is sought is
required.

As noted here:

Despite the best efforts of patent offices many patents are granted
that may not meet these criteria: that's why a patent can be
challenged in court. An invalid patent may stand for many years (or
even expire) without ever being reviewed by a court.

It is possible to win and enforce a patent that might not withstand a vigorous administrative or legal challenge.
In fact, there is a great deal of ongoing rule- and law-making regarding what can be patented.  It is possible to patent things that you might consider to cover a "search engine" or "e-commerce platform.  For example, Amazon.com famously patented "one-click" ordering in the U.S., but its application with the European Patent Office was refused.


Difficulty in driving a nail through with a nail setter

Question: I've been pulling the carpet up and getting the nails out from where the carpet tack strips were nailed to original wood flooring, but about a half dozen are now headless. I watched several tutorials on how to get them out, but one of the nails broke and is now flush with the floor. The internet says to use a nail setter to punch the hole in and then fill it up. I bought a set and tried that, but the nail would not budge at ALL. I hit the nail setter as hard as I could. Any thoughts?
Comment: We're talking about [this](http://www.visualdictionaryonline.com/images/house/do-it-yourself/carpentry-nailing-tools/nail-set.jpg), right?
Comment: Do you have a Dremel or grinder you can cut them with, flush to the floor? And you say it is a wooden floor that is being this stubborn?
Comment: So I can definitely make it flush - the problem is that I am getting ready to refinish the hardwood floors. I either need to drive them in quite a ways or get them out so that when I sand now or in the future, I don't hit them and wreck the sandpaper attached to the drum sander. Picture of the room I'm working on is now attached. They're oak hardwood floors.
Comment: Not really sure what the trouble is. I can drive a nail set completely through a 3/4" oak board with a 16 oz. trim hammer in one blow. Setting it 1/16" below flush should be effortless. Like my dad (a 3rd-generation carpenter) would say, "Get mad at it!"
Comment: Ok I'll try again. I linked what I got from Lowe's today, but I returned it already. I got one from a guy here at work a few minutes ago that looks a lot more like yours. I'll try again when I get home.
[rawr][2]

[2]: https://www.lowes.com/pd/Stanley-FATMAX-Pin-Punch-Set/1000085213
Answer: Drill out the nail with a drill bit and fill. Use a bit that is larger than the actual nail size to make it easier.
Answer: I've had this problem when working on hardwood before, my solutions was to
If you use an grinding wheel (but an angle grinder or file should also work) to smooth out the rough surface of the nail, and keep an eye on the area while refinishing the floors.
Your first pass with 60 grit sandpaper shouldn't cause the paper to tear. If any nails are sticking out after that pass try to drive them flush or re-grind/file them before your next pass.
Comment: Thanks for the reply! The problem is that I need to drive the nails through far enough so that when I sand now or in the future, I'm not at risk of ripping up the sandpaper on a drum sander.So, I'm looking for a way to drive the nail in further or get it all the way out. Cutting it flush won't work in this case.
Comment: Ahh  - I've had this problem before.  - will edit.
Answer: I have had this problem with old oak framing so hard nothing other than a Pico nail would not drive in. Sanding and a paint pen to discolor the shiny metal worked great
Answer: You hit it as hard as you were willing to while swinging a hammer at your other hand.
Try: tap... tap... tap... BANG.
The 'taps' do nothing except gear in your muscle memory and let you know if it will slip when you go 'bang'.
I bet the flooring sounds funny when you hit it. The wood is probably bouncing which is working against you, so you have to hit it twice as hard as you want to.
If you just can't get it to go, remember these spots and go over them with sacrificial paper, either all at once, or just before you change paper. Steel isn't really that hard; they'll sand. If you have an edger or a ROS use that instead of having to change paper on a drum.
Comment: Sometimes using only two taps and one bang is easier. Like planing on counting to 3 but actually going on 2.


Moving Minecraft world from xbox 360 to PC (seed problem)

Question: We export the world from xbox360 (using both Modio and Horizon), when we load it on the PC, it looks like the main xbox map was literally dropped into another PC world--the mountains on this world are half-missing, sheared right through with laser precision. The biomes do not match where the shears occur, i.e. desert biomes immediately next to forest with no blending.
One of the structures we built, a sizeable castle, is only about 20% there, the rest "sheared away," covered by ocean. In fact, the bulk of the structures and terraforming are absent, apparently under water, not literally, just replaced by a seed that is heavily ocean/islands.
Closer inspection of the regions show that r.0.0.mca was associated with an entirely different world seed. I manually edited the seed back to the proper one, but our structures are still missing in game.
Looking at the map with UME (Universal Minecraft Editor) shows that the original map and all the structures are still there, just not accessible in game.
I've tried using other tools like MCEdit, MCC Tool Chest and the Minecraft Map Converter, all with no success.  Using different versions of Horizon or Modio still yields in the "corrupted" world.
R.0.0..mca is the quadrant where the bulk of the structures we built reside.
I have moved other worlds over without problems.
We have put a LOT of effort, many hours over many months, into the structures of this world and would like to recover them, but they can't be recovered when the software(s) can't see them.
Answer: With world conversion for Minecraft Console Legacy Xbox 360 Edition, if your world is TU 44 or before that update (As that was the last title update the third party tool I'm going to recommend worked consistently), if you can find a copy of Carnage the Creator's Minecrap Map Convertor, you can use that to convert your Xbox 360 World to a Java Edition format once you used Horizon to extract the gamesave.
The only glitches from it should be Acacia and Dark Oak tree conversion where the leaves get converted to logs and the logs get converted to leaves. You will also lose your inventory, ender chest inventory, and enchantment level upon conversion, so put your inventory and ender chest inventory in a regular chest before converting. Your enchantment level will not be recoverable and you will start out with 0 enchantment level post conversion.
From there, you create a new world on Minecraft Windows 10 Bedrock Edition, save and quit. From there, open the Bedrock world using MCC ToolChest PE. Click the map icon to open the world map, turn on region grid, right click each region and delete all the regions. Now exit out of the world map and use the 'Convert to Bedrock' function under the Tools tab, Convert sub bar.
Select your Java World file in the Java World file URL bar on your computer and hit convert. Once the conversion is complete, save the file, and close MCC Tool Chest PE. You are welcome to check your level.dat file for anything that may force the game to put your world in Creative Mode and change it if needed first.
Now load up Minecraft Windows 10 Bedrock Edition and open up your world. If there are no villagers, you will have to re-open the world using MCC Tool Chest PE and give yourself some villager spawn eggs if your world is strictly survival, or if your world is in creative mode, just give yourself some and repopulate the villages.
If your Xbox 360 world is post TU 44, I cannot ensure that Carnage the Creator's Minecraft Map Convertor will work, as on Youtube it seems to be hit or miss from that point forward. You are welcome to try this method but with a post TU 44 world, it is not a guarantee it will work. Also do not use the Andromeda Minecraft Converter on Windows 10, as it is $9.99 and MCC Tool Chest PE is free to begin, and Andromeda seems to work better as a World Corrupter if you transfer a world from Java to Bedrock Edition (It's neat having it take parts of the 360 Nether and End and mash them into the Overworld, but not worth paying $10); MCC Tool Chest PE works way better.
Alternatively, if you own Minecraft Xbox 360 Edition, a physical copy of Minecraft Xbox One Edition, a digital copy of Minecraft Bedrock Xbox One Edition, and Minecraft Bedrock Windows 10 Edition, then you can transfer any number of worlds provided you are paying for realms.
Basically, you would upload your Xbox 360 World Save for Minecraft Xbox One Edition, then retrieve the World save on Minecraft Xbox One Edition. Then on Minecraft Bedrock Xbox One Edition, you convert and import the game save. From there, you upload it to Minecraft Bedrock Realms, where you can then download it from Realms on Minecraft Bedrock Windows 10 Edition. If you have the money to spare, this is an option.
Comment: Hi, welcome to Arqade! This answer is a bit tough to follow. Do you think breaking it down into numbered steps could help?
Answer: My software the Universal Minecraft Converter can handle that conversion type with ease. enter link description here
Here's a guide on Xbox 360 to Java specifically: enter link description here
Happy converting!


When not used, what gear should I store my bike in

Question: Is there a conventional wisdom to what gear a bike should be left in, when used infrequently?
Comment: For a given bike or given set of storage circumstances there may be a difference based on how likely the gears are to jam as you manipulate it in the storage area.  But you'd learn this from experience.
Comment: Conventional wisdom and the right thing to do based on engineering and measured results in the real world are often poles apart.
Answer: It doesn't matter for any perspective aside from convenience -- usually the most convenient gear to store it in is the gear you're going to use first when you start riding again.
Answer: Unlike @Batman and @Daniel, I think it does matter.
The bike should be stored with the gears set to the highest gear (the chain on the smallest cog), so that the spring in the derailleur is under the least pressure, and the cable is also under the last tension. So the cable will stretch less and the gears will stay in adjustment longer.
Comment: I have my doubts whether this is at all a significant issue.  Far more stress is put on the cable when shifting, and "stretch" is more due to wear/flex on the cable than tension.  And standard wire springs will last for centuries under pressure -- corrosion and flexing is what gets them.
Comment: I do this by the same logic, don't know if it makes much of a difference...
Comment: It makes no difference. The tension from a derailleur spring isn't nearly strong enough to cause shift cables to compress and thus go out of adjustment. We used to store team bikes all winter, pull them out in the Spring and the gears were exactly as we left them.  Also cables don't actually stretch, they compress.
Comment: I am with everyone in that I'm not sure how much of a difference this makes. Also, when I originally asked this question I was thinking more of the longevity of the springs in the derailleurs than the cables, which I change far more often.
Answer: I leave my bikes in the easiest gear, logic being that that keeps the rear derailleur tucked inwards as much as possible, minimizing the risk of accidentally whacking it in storage. Seems like reasonable logic to me at least.
I'd reckon that the cable issue is not a real problem (I'd much rather replace a $2 cable than a $80+ derailleur), and the springs will be fine as already mentioned in other answers.
Answer:
Is there a conventional wisdom to what gear a bike should be left in, when used infrequently?

Yes. In most cases, when starting to ride the bike, you are going to ride at least few hundred meters on flat terrain. This means the optimal gear the bike should be stored in is your flatland gear, if you use your bike at all: frequently or infrequently.
My flatland gear is 50T / 17T (or 48T / 17T if the bike has 48T big ring). By storing my bike always on this gear, it means I can get quickly to speed and continue riding at speed on flat terrain. It also reduces the time needed for shifting gears: before parking the bike I'm always in my flatland gear, so I don't have to shift every time before parking and then shift back every time after parking.
The only exception to this is that if you store your bike in an area where you have to ride away at an incline up, then it can be useful to use a lower gear. However, it doesn't matter when you shift to this lower gear: presumably if you ride from the storage area to road at an incline up, then you rode from the road to the storage area at an incline down, and you will do this riding most likely in your flatland gear. So in that case it's perfectly fine to do the shift to a low gear, not before storing the bike, but after storing the bike.
Contrary to what others say, the tension of the rear derailleur spring is minimal. It doesn't cause the steel cable to "stretch", and even if it was strong enough to cause it to "stretch", the "stretch" would be immediate and not gradual (gradual "stretch" would be creep and it doesn't really happen here). What cyclists often refer to as "cable stretch" is actually not related to steel inner cable stretching, but rather cable housing becoming seated. The cable housings become fully seated when making gear shifts, not when the bike is stored in a particular gear. Also you can accelerate the process of cable seating by grabbing a free run of the inner cable and pulling it away hard from the frame tube.
Also a spring doesn't lose its strength even if stored under lots of compression (in cars a heavily loaded car can gradually lose its spring strength when riding over bumps, but it's not the load over time but rather the bumps that make it happen). Springs are made from very hard steel, and if this compression caused a spring to yield, it would happen immediately when selecting the gear, and not gradually when being stored in that gear, because springs don't creep.
Comment: You are accelerating in your traveling gear?!? Sounds pretty masochistic to me as that means you need to a) put lots of force on the pedals to get going, and b) you don't achieve much of an acceleration even with max effort. Of course, I'm an IGH rider talking, so I'll always use the best gear, even if I only end up using it for a single revolution of the pedals. Of course, chain shifters are more averse to frequent shifting then myself. But I'd never have thought that chain shifters make so little use of their gears as to getting close to riding a fixie.
Comment: Nitpick: The steel used for springs may be tough, but it's not "very hard". In fact, you can take any kind of thin wire spring, bend it out so that the wire becomes straight, and then rebend the wire into another spring shape. The resulting spring is definitely usable, even though I guess that it won't be as robust anymore. If the material were hard, the spring would definitely break while trying to unbend it.
Comment: There are plenty of single speed riders who would disagree with the claim that accelerating in the travelling gear is masochistic.
Comment: Single speed riding also sounds masochistic to me. (Note: *subjective* statement!) However, you have made the choice that you don't want to be reduced to a single gear, why are *you* not putting them to good use?
Answer: Smallest ring in the back to minimize spring tension inside your derailleur.  Biggest ring in front to avoid cross chain.  Can't argue with science.  Bigger gear in the back put more stress on the spring. It's a matter of physics.
Comment: Downvote for not knowing what you are talking about: Spring steel does not yield due to being put under tension for extended periods of time (what would your car's suspension do if that were the case?), yet you have the audacity to add "can't argue with science" after suggesting that you'd need to relax the springs. Call me a science extremist, but I want to have some solid arguments when someone claims it's science.
Comment: I can get less spring tension with the small ring in the front and (assuming you still want to avoid cross chaining) a fairly small one at the rear.  The difference between 50 and 34 at the front swamps the difference between 11 and 16 at the rear.  The 16 is my fifth smallest cog.
Comment: Why on earth would you even consider cross chaining for a bike in storage?
Comment: Note this duplicates the accepted answer from 7 years ago.


A PDF Reader for Windows that has a fullscreen flow-scroll mode

Question: Most PDF readers in full screen mode switch from one page to the next when you scroll in full screen. Is there one that scrolls "flowing" instead?
Answer: Acrobat Reader does that.
In Reader, set View > Page Display > Enable Scrolling
Press CTRL+SHIFT+H
Press CTRL+L
FYI, you may have missed a setting in the other readers. Look for "Continuous" vs "Page" settings.


How many Catholics believe in Transubstantiation?

Question: Have there ever been any studies or surveys of reasonably significant size that indicate how many Catholics believe in transubstantiation or would at least claim that they do?
Comment: It is not an easy thing to accept, even Christ's diciples walked away after explaining it.  It is a constant battle in our catechesis.   Yet there he is, body blood soul and divinity, humbling himself and pouring out his greatest gift, himself.
Answer: Pew research does some awesome polls on questions like this.

About half of those polled (52%) say, incorrectly, that Catholicism
  teaches that the bread and wine used for Communion are symbols of the
  body and blood of Jesus. Just four-in-ten people correctly answer
  that, according to the Catholic Church, the bread and wine actually
  become the body and blood of Jesus. Even many Catholics are unaware of
  their church's teaching on this topic; while 55% of Catholics get the
  question right, more than four-in-ten Catholics (41%) say the church
  teaches that the bread and wine are symbols of Christ's body and
  blood, and 3% say they do not know what the church's teaching is.
  Still, Catholics perform better on this question than does any other
  religious group.

-Pew Research Who Knows What About Religion
Also this site made a nice graphic.
In conclusion I think it's safe to say that about 40-50% of Catholics believe in the real presence.  I hope that helps!
Comment: By the way, it is not the Catholics alone who believe in  transubstantiation.  Orthodox Churches in India , for instance, celebrate Holy Communion during the Mass.
Comment: Well it's probably accurate Catholic theology to say that the emblems are symbols, but they're not *only* symbols. Polls are tricky.
Comment: It's not clear to me whether this poll distinguishes transubstantiation from consubstantiation, i.e., from the doctrine (I think proposed by Luther) that the bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ but *also* remain bread and wine.
Comment: I suspect the poll is about the US. Further questions: Are "Catholics" them who self-identified as catholic or those who where baptised catholic (or converted later)? What says "I know what the Curch teaches" about "I belief this"? Are transsubstatiation and other forms of "actually become" (e.g consubstantiation) differntiated? Do "normal" people know the difference?
Comment: "Real presence" is not identical to "transubstantiation".  One can believe in the former, but not the latter at the same time without a contradiction.


Sub menu creation

Question: I need to create page level menus.  User goes to a page off of the main menu and is presented with a sub menu.  The menu items need to display / not display based on user roles - similar to the main menu.   I researched the Book and the Blocks... but I don't know if either of these are the way to do it.    It seems like a very common thing - and want to know the simplest way to do it.
Answer: The Menu Block module provides blocks that you can place via the Block API. Menu position might also be useful - it "allows for the creation of rules that will dynamically add the current page into the menu system at the requested spots."
Comment: I need the menu to be stand alone, not duplicated from the main menu.  Basically, the main menu will bring the user to a content page and that page needs a list of links to other related content.     The thing is I need the links to appear or not appear based on roles/permissions.
Comment: If your "sub menu" is not derived from the main menu, then it's not a "sub menu" at all, it is just another menu. You can set roles on the block settings for it either way.

Sub menu creation


Can Truesight (as from the True Seeing spell) see through the Hunger of Hadar or Darkness spells?

Question: Can Truesight (as granted by the true seeing spell) see through the darkness of the hunger of Hadar or darkness spells? For hunger of Hadar, would vision be obscured by "milky, otherworldly tentacles"?
Comment: Somewhat related: [Can level 3 Faerie Fire be seen in Magical Darkness?](https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/73457/can-level-3-faerie-fire-be-seen-in-magical-darkness/)
Answer: The Darkness spell, yes. Hunger of Hadar, no.
The description of truesight on PHB p. 185, says:

A creature with truesight can, out to a specific range, see in normal and magical darkness...

Darkness is specifically stated to create magical darkness so yes, a creature with truesight would be able to see in darkness.
Hunger of Hadar, however, says:

A 20-foot-radius sphere of blackness and bitter cold appears [...] The void creates a warp in the fabric of space...

Hunger of Hadar doesn't create darkness (in the sense of game mechanics), magical or otherwise; it just creates a black void of space, so a creature with truesight wouldn't be able to see within that space.
As further backup, Jeremy Crawford - lead rules designer - has stated that an ability that's almost identically worded to the above quoted text for truesight isn't meant to see into the void of Hunger of Hadar:

Devil's Sight is meant to pierce the dark created by a spell like darkness, not the void of hunger of Hadar.
Comment: I was aware of the Devils Sight case, but felt that a sixth level temporary spell might be able to defeat a third level spell where an always on ability you can pick at second level could not. "See things as they actually are" and "See into the ethereal plane." being relevant here as the Hunger of Hadar creates a bubble of, in essence, another plane.
Comment: @Billythebabygoat. Since you're specifically asking about the True Seeing spell, I've edited a mention of that into the question.
Answer: Yes for the Darkness spell, no for Hunger of Hadar.
As is stated in the PHB, pg. 185, truesight can definitely allow vision in darkness, both normal and magical, much as the Devil's Sight for Warlocks. Given that the description of the Darkness spell notes that it creates a magical darkness, creatures with truesight can see in and through it.
Hunger of Hadar is another beast altogether. It effectively creates a void that warps the fabric of space, and blinds creatures within the area. If a character is within the spell, then truesight does nothing as it doesn't protect from the blinded condition, which this spell applies. As for any creature with truesight trying to look in or through the sphere, this also is impossible, as the spell doesn't mask reality so much as create a gate to another plane that isn't superimposed with the material plane, as the ethereal plane is. This is also why no light spell, regardless of the level, can illuminate the darkness created by this spell. Basically, the darkness present isn't created by a spell, but as a side effect of the appearance of that dimensional gate.
Answer: How can you be have true sight and be blind?
What is darkness but the absence of light?
If i were the DM and someone had true sight then i would say they could still see in the void.  Although in this case there is nothing to see but the otherworldly tentacles rubbing against you and whoever else might be in there with you.
They would also be able to see where the voided ending to help guide them out.
Comment: Welcome to RPG.SE! You should take the [tour] if you haven't already. Can you point to any citations of the game rules or official rulings to back up your suggested ruling?


If search box is empty in my list, I want the list to not show any rows

Question: I have a list web part that I want to show up without results until the "Find an item" box has been searched. In other words, the default return should be null. I can't find how to do this through the out of the box sharepoint 2013. Is there a way to do this without code? If not, any help with coding it would be greatly appreciated. Thanks, Robert
Answer: SharePoint Client-side rendering can be used to achieve this. You can override the PreRender of the desired ListView and write code to not show any items when search box is empty.
Please refer this article to know how CSR works.
Comment: Thank you for the above. I'm afraid it is a little above my pay grade. Could you possibly give me an example of having the list as null if search box is empty? Thanks!


How to put the upcoming experience in Grad School Application?

Question: I am applying for Masters program in Computer Science and hoping to specialize in AI/ML. I will be the Teaching Assistant (T.A) for Machine Learning  class in the spring and most of the admissions deadlines are in the end of December. I think having this experience can make my application strong but how can I add this experience to the application as it will be in the coming future?
Answer: The best way is probably to get one of you letter writers to mention it "K.S. will TA for my course in ML this coming term." Something simple. This shows you are both trusted and respected.
You can mention it in a simple way in a SoP or a CV.
Don't overdo it. If you make it sound like your biggest accomplishment you will probably not benefit.
The normal decision process is based on other things. Make sure you focus on those.
Comment: Thank you for your answer! Also is it ok to mention future experience on CV?
Comment: Actually, your acceptance as a TA is in the past. So, it isn't so different.
Comment: Ok thank you for your help!
Comment: You might want to put a "starting date" on your CV, just like one often puts "expected graduation date" on ongoing activities like being a PhD student.


Testing for insulation for asbestos?

Question: Should we be worried about asbestos with this loose-fill insulation? New England house from the 1860s. No idea when the insulation was added but the attic space is extremely difficult to access.
Comment: maybe, I've seen plenty of electricians that are ok at electrician-ing (I just made that word up I think) but absolutely HORRIBLE at messing up the structure, badly patched walls, messing with insulation like above or not replacing it leaving voids, drilling holes through vital areas of structural members, etc. I agree it's a red flag and should be looked into, though I want note that one doesn't necessarily mean the other and so not to unnecessarily frighten anyone reading this
Comment: what exactly are you trying to ask?
Comment: The question is in the first sentence of the post. But you are right! It is not a good question. I did some research and pretty much arrived as @jwh20 answer. So why ask? It's going to take 2+ weeks to test and I was freaking out because we had an electrician pulling wires all over the place with plenty of that stuff coming from the ceiling. So I guess I had some shimmer of hope that someone is going to tell me testing is unnecessary.
Comment: wow .... the electrician should not have disturbed that insulation .... that shows a "don't care" attitude ... you better check the electrician's work closely .... no telling what else the electrician does not care about
Comment: "all over the place" is exaggerated but it did fall from the ceiling, which is impossible to avoid when you cut or drill any hole, change an electrical box etc. Still never mentioned anything or show any concern.
Answer: Yes, you should get it tested.
There is absolutely no way of knowing by looking at it and this home is old enough to have used building products from before the dangers of asbestos were known.
Comment: If you shop around and maybe take in your test to a local lab, both should keep the price down and within reason. I had my water tested for lead for $25 including a lab report. The lab I used do it not for profit but as a community service, they usually do much larger projects.

Testing for insulation for asbestos?


Open CTI webservice method failure - server error

Question: We have a telephone system integration with salesforce using opencti, and we're seeing an intermittent error when executing a webservice method createNewLead.
Softphone logs:
js:1160 calls Array[1]
js:1160 calls Array[1]
(unknown) 2016-12-12 14:04:31.50 +0800 | segue.sforce | onInboundCall | Call Object
(unknown) 2016-12-12 14:04:31.50 +0800 | segue.sforce | runApex | CreateNewLead Args: Object
ArgString: callType=[omitted]&numberDialed=[omitted]&callerNumber=[omitted]&username=[omitted]
phone?isdtp=vw&sfdcIFrameOrigin=https%3A%2F%2Fap1.salesforce.com&nonce=60b214a……:1 Uncaught (in promise) DOMException: The play() request was interrupted by a call to pause().
https://ap1.salesforce.com/_ui/cti/interaction/RunApexServlet Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 500 (Server Error)
(unknown) 2016-12-12 14:04:31.65 +0800 | segue.sforce | runApex | CreateNewLead Response: failed An error occurred while calling the API method.(anonymous function)
(unknown) 2016-12-12 14:04:31.65 +0800 | segue.sforce | runApex | CreateNewLead Response: false
js:36 Mon Dec 12 2016 14:04:41 GMT+0800 (Malay Peninsula Standard Time) | sip.transport | received WebSocket text message:

Here's the web service method in question, which pretty much just creates a new lead on an inbound call:
public class CreateNewLeadResponse
    {
        public boolean success;
        public Error    error;
        public string   leadId;
        public string   screenPopURL;
    }

    webservice static string CreateNewLead( string callType,
                                            string  numberDialed,
                                            string  callerNumber,
                                            string  username)
    {
        CreateNewLeadResponse response = new CreateNewLeadResponse();

        try
        {
            Lead newLead = new Lead();
            newLead.FirstName           = DEFAULT_CALLER_NAME;
            newLead.LastName            = DEFAULT_CALLER_NAME;
            newLead.Phone               = callerNumber;
            newLead.Origin__c           = 'IVR Created';
            newLead.Call_Type__c        = callType;
            newLead.Bypass_De_duplication_Lead__c   = true;                 // (PC 2016-12-01) Set the Bypass Deduplication Rules checkbox to TRUE

            // first we need to see if the number dialed matches to a mapping that is within the system already
            string landingNumberLookup = numberDialed.replace('[ ()+a-zA-Z]', '');

            for(Landing_Number_Mapping__c s : [
                                                select  id, Offer__c, Affiliate__c
                                                from    Landing_Number_Mapping__c
                                                where   Landing_Number_For_Query__c like :'%' + landingNumberLookup + '%'
                                                and     Offer__c != null
                                                and     Affiliate__c != null
                                                order by CreatedDate desc])
            {
                // bingo!
                newLead.Offer__c        = s.Offer__c;
                newLead.Affiliate__c    = s.Affiliate__c;
                newLead.Landing_Number__c   = landingNumberLookup;
                continue;
            }

            if(newLead.Affiliate__c == null)
            {
                newLead.Affiliate__c    = [ select  id
                                            from    Account
                                            where   Name = :DEFAULT_AFFILIATE
                                            limit 1].Id;
            }

            if(newLead.Offer__c == null)
            {
                Landing_Number_Mapping__c s =  [
                                                select  Offer__c
                                                from    Landing_Number_Mapping__c
                                                where   Affiliate__c = :newLead.Affiliate__c
                                                and     Offer__c != null
                                                limit 1];

                newLead.Offer__c = s.Offer__c;
            }

            try
            {
                //username += '%';
                System.debug('username ' + username);
                User owner = [select id from User where IsActive = true AND Segue_username__c =:username];
                newLead.OwnerId = owner.Id;
            }
            catch(Exception e)
            {
                System.Debug('Unable to load CTI User ' + username);
                // could not find the user
            }

            insert newLead;
            System.debug('Lead has been created successfully: ' + newLead);

            response.leadId         = newLead.id;
            //response.screenPopURL = '/apex/ActivityInboundScreenPop?id='+newLead.id;// Requirements state that there is no different VFPage required. So forwarding to standard lead edit page
            response.screenPopURL   = '/'+newLead.id+'/e';
            response.success        = true;
            response.error          = null;
        }
        catch(exception e)
        {
            response.success    = false;
            response.error      = new Error(e); // add unique id for exception
        }

        return JSON.serialize(response);
    }

The phone system runs the CreateNewLead method fine the vast majority of the time, but certain times of day we're seeing the lead not get created, and if we get to the agent's machine in time, Chrome dev tools console will show the above log. The time of day is making me suspect a bulk issue.
Is there any error handling anyone can recommend to expose more about the cause of this failure, and also to generate an Apex exception email when this happens so we don't have to rely on phone logs through a user console?
Comment: Are you able to get the full network response when the error happens? Because you're doing runApex followed by a 500 exception it makes me suspicious it may be this known issue https://success.salesforce.com/issues_view?id=a1p3A000000emsrQAA and the full response might indicate if it is indeed a session issue.
Answer: As an alternative, you could look to use the Open CTI method saveLog() which despite it's name can create any entity.


What are the differences between IBMQJobManager and Qiskit aqua QuantumInstance?

Question: I have been using the Qiskit aqua QuantumInstance for a while, and have recently discovered the IBMQJobManager class and the two seem to be quite similar. Are there differences between them? Will they be consolidated together in the future?
Answer: By looking at the documentation for the two, it actually seems the two have quite different objectives, here is a brief summary: the quantum instance is mostly used to control the transpilation and execution of a circuit via many different parameters, such as the backend, for simulation the noise model, basis gates, coupling map, etc., and is quite useful when wanting to run an Aqua algorithm on the particular instance.
As for the IBMQJobManager, as said in the documentation, the main objective is to handle jobs and pulse schedules in order to be able to run them on backend and then rebuild them as fitted.
See the documentation for both, maybe this will help you better understand their differences : quantum instance and the job manager.
Do you need a specific detail more explained? If so please tell me and I'll try to detail it more :)
Comment: That is helpful! Can I think of it then that QuantumInstance is a higher level object (which handles a lot of extra aspects through its parameters) that could potentially (though not necessarily) internally use an IBMQJobManager to execute circuits?


Cannot left click+Drag and select multiple objects

Question: im using blender 2.8 since my udemy course is using it.The problem that im having is i can't left click and drag to select multiple objects and i am using the selection box tool too but if i use the "Select Lasso" and "select Circle" they work just fine at selecting multiple objects. If i press the "B" key to  select objects, that doesnt work either and i have tried defferent versions of 2.8 and i still have the same problem.
Answer: Just a thought. And this is probably way late. Hope you figured it out if I am wrong. But make sure that you have the "modeling" option selected at the top menu


My front door lock is too loose

Question: I sprayed WD-40 in ny keyhole to stop my key from getting stuck inside. Now my knob is so loose that I don't even need a key to open the front door. I just twist my knob 2 or 3 times and the door unlocks. How can I go about fixing this so other people can't do the same to my door and walk right in?
Comment: I would try tightening the knob screws -- but it's possible WD-40 *dissolved the plastic parts which make the lock secure*.  A lot of people use WD-40 as the universal fixer for all things which should be moving but are not.  In fact, it's full of corrosive chemicals that soften and melt plastics and glues over time. You should be using the right thing for locks, i.e. graphite, and the right thing for other squeaky things, e.g. 3-in-1 oil, or in a pinch motor oil.  Kroil if you need penetrating oil. Research WD-40's history and you'll wonder why it's popular today. (really good marketing).
Comment: @Harper: if a lock company makes locks that can be bypassed with WD40, they are criminally negligent. While you give a good heads-up on WD40's unexpected solvents, I'd imagine there's some other issue with the lock, god help us otherwise. This is a keyed lock we're talking here, not a closet knob...
Comment: @dandavis I don't mean *instantly*, Be Nice Policy! I am quite sure you have used WD-40 and know it is not a laser that slices through plastic like a ginsu.  The damage I am speaking of happens in the ensuing weeks to months.
Answer: From the sounds of it I would suggest that it is time to replace the front door lock. Be aware that there is a huge range of quality in door locks and door knob units. The lowest quality ones are often what is found on mass built homes, condos and apartments because it saves the builder a lot of money when they are buying 100's at a time. The lower quality ones are more apt to give you trouble as well.
Since you are only looking to fix one door lock it would be worth it to look over the available units and select one that is better quality. That often comes with a bit higher price as well. It has also been my experience that higher quality units tend to have a much more solid feel to them and contain few or no plastic parts.
Comment: Locks are so cheap that replacing one that doesn't work is absolutely the right thing to do. If your house contains anything valuable you should probably be buying a lock mechanism that costs five to ten times as much as the cheapest lock you can see.
Answer: You very well may wind up repairing or replacing this lock as suggested in the other answer.  It might have been shot before you did anything, with the pins broken off inside - you just never tested it before.
It's also possible the lubrication, along with making some parts move more smoothly, turned some solid dirt that wasn't really causing any trouble in there, into liquid gunk that worked into places it does cause trouble.  If that's the case, you might double down and spray MORE lube in there, and / or compressed air from a canned air duster, may clear it out - longshot but at this point why not.
If this lock is keyed the same as your deadbolt, or other locks on your house, I'd just take the lockset / doorknob off, take it to a locksmith, and have it re-keyed to match the other locks.  That is usually quick, easy, and inexpensive.  The locksmith will replace the pins anyway, so if those are gummed up or broken they'll get fixed.  It might very well be better than new if the locksmith uses better parts than the manufacturer used.

My front door lock is too loose


Add comment to existing SSH public key

Question: I have an existing SSH key (public and private), that was created with ssh-keygen. How can I add a comment to this existing key?
Comment: To change the comment on the private key, use `ssh-keygen -c -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa` then follow the prompts. This comment is shown in the ssh-agent when you type `ssh-add -l`
Comment: Also you can use -C option. `ssh-keygen -c -C "comment" -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa`
Answer: Just add a space after the key and put in the comment, e.g.:
ssh-dss AAAAB3NzaC1kc3MAAACBAN+NX/rmUkRW7Xn7faglC/pxqbVIohbcVOt41VThMYORtMQr
QSqMZugxew2s9iX4qRowHWLBRci6404nSydLiDe1q6/NmpK+oQ8zD1yXekl+fruBAYeno7f6dM7c
2swwwXY6knp4umXkLItxIUki6SXM0WfabJ8BwuNDyA8IrbFAAAAFQCynEN3MYXbs4AA7E/1I03jb
B1rewAAAIAztzZUygrUI8XX6eE4zEHdTbv89AHYsAsf7fSAWnPxWc63dV0P5lCPNk58nze6+N+MD
X7ZQADT6710fvbOmEFLciTwBGHHLxIV+1iTApJSsQp9T+pdkbFzBZ+mqQamZpSN1hC8fXe/Uty0D
SbhnQ1qanwrOdKP1JV7DUgzehSfAAAAIEAwAyNYxUsGil46gZQea6sfhUnrBwyM6JnEbA6ogfGdS
T2TDn1U5rfTV9UuNHzfoZ4CplVHclXyUPPhbKqcedpuRPJhHN/lp5MH7Q2tI/UxHvmePNHrXKk86
XYt7RzKHjWbHRxf84GIyTlKa8yfNfFlf9oNXdtBXcsJjHIvNsBk= ThisIsAComment

The man page for sshd has a section on the authorized_keys format, where it states that the comment extends to the end of the line.  While I haven't tried it, you should be able to put spaces into the comment.
Comment: Well...it worked.
Comment: Lines starting with `#` are treated as comments. See http://man.he.net/man5/authorized_keys. (I would post this as an answer but don't have enough reputation on this site)
Comment: Comments can contain spaces. (Just tested.)
Comment: The part about it extending to the end of line is in the "SSH_KNOWN_HOSTS FILE FORMAT" section. "The keytype and base64-encoded key are taken directly from the host key; they can be obtained, for example, from /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub. The optional comment field continues to the end of the line, and is not used."
Comment: I've tried it and we will see if it works. My university requires ssh based login for some things and they said they use the comment (which must contain my username) matching an account to a key. Since I didn't wanted to create another SSH key I simply copied my public key, changed the comment and gave it to them. We will see if it works.
Answer: Just start the line with a # sign, then the whole line will be treated as a comment
See the man page of  authorized_keys
Comment: ```$ vim ~/.ssh/authorized_keys```

Add comment to existing SSH public key


Nginx reverse proxy issue long request

Question: I'm stuck on a problem for a long time now with two nginxs server which the first is acting as a reverse proxy and the second as the backend server.
Here is my design :

Client made a GET request on HTTP address from internet
Reverse Proxy Handle it and reverse it to Backend server
Backend server handle it and made a SQL request to an database server
SQL request run while 15min (900MB of Data returned)
PHP-FPM on Backend server will compress the datas and send it back to reverse proxy
Reverse proxy get back the data and give them back to the client

This design is working well for small SQL request, but as the datas made too much time to came back to reverse proxy, the connection between reverse proxy and cliend beeing closed ( I guess ) and the reverse is obliged to initiate a new one itself
When I made the request from a local client to the local HTTP address of my reverse proxy it works well
Here is my nginx config
Reverse Proxy :
server {
        listen 80 deferred;

        server_name FQDN;

if ($request_method !~ ^(GET|HEAD|POST|PUT)$ )
        {
                return 405;
        }

        access_log /var/log/nginx/qa.access.log;
        error_log /var/log/nginx/qa.error.log debug;

        location /ws/ {
                proxy_pass      http://IP:8080/;
                proxy_redirect  default;
                proxy_http_version 1.1;
                proxy_set_header Host $host;
                #proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;

                proxy_connect_timeout 1200s;
                proxy_send_timeout 1200s;
                proxy_read_timeout 1200s;
                send_timeout 1200s;
                #proxy_connect_timeout 300s;
                #proxy_send_timeout 300s;

                add_header Front-End_Https on;

        }

        location / {
                return  444;
        }

}

BACKEND server:
server {
        listen 8080 deferred;

        root /home/Websites/ws2.5/web;

        index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html index.php;

        server_name NAME_BACKEND;
        location / {

                try_files $uri /index.php$is_args$args;
        }

        location ~ ^/index\.php(/|$) {
                fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
                #fastcgi_read_timeout 300;

                fastcgi_send_timeout 1200s;
                fastcgi_read_timeout 1200s;

                fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$;
                include fastcgi_params;

               fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
                fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $realpath_root;
        }
        location ~ \.php$ {
                return 404;
        }

        error_log /var/log/nginx/ws2.5_error.log debug;
        access_log /var/log/nginx/ws2.5_access.log;

        location ~ /\.ht {
                deny all;
        }

}

When it works, here is what I can see in log :
BACKEND - [10/Aug/2020:17:40:22 +0200] "GET /me/patents/ HTTP/1.1" 200 25441300 "-" "RestSharp/220.127.116.11"
REVERSE PROXY - [10/Aug/2020:17:41:05 +0200] "GET /ws/me/patents/ HTTP/1.1" 200 25441067 "-" "RestSharp/22.214.171.124"

And here is what it returned when it doesn't work :
BACKEND - [10/Aug/2020:16:28:39 +0200] "GET /me/patents/ HTTP/1.1" 200 25444257 "-" "RestSharp/188.8.131.52"
REVERSE PROXY - [10/Aug/2020:16:29:39 +0200] "GET /ws/me/patents/ HTTP/1.1" 200 142307 "-" "RestSharp/188.8.131.52"

In both case backend send the among of datas expected, but in the second we can see that the reverse proxy receive less than it sent by BACKEND
Comment: Any ideas ? Actually my issue is that the Reverse Proxy isn't able to forward the response to the client after a long time.
My last question is How to keep open the TCP Three way hanshake between client and reverse proxy while 20min at least ?
Answer: The only thing you do about in situation you've described is to tune timeouts.
But it's rather strange way of doing things. Why do you need reverse proxy to juggle 900mb of data between frontend and backend? Nginx is suitable for serving large static files.

Nginx reverse proxy issue long request


Is there a way to disable check-in permission based on file extension in TFS 2012?

Question: I need to allow designer work on .aspx,.css,*.html .... etc only and disable his permission for *.cs files.
Is there any way to do that in TFS 2012?
Answer: You write a custom checkin policy for this:
<code>// This method performs the actual policy evaluation.
// It is called by the policy framework at various points in time
// when policy should be evaluated. In this example, the method
// is invoked when various asyc events occur that may have
// invalidated the current list of failures.
public override PolicyFailure[] Evaluate()
{
    string proposedComment = PendingCheckin.PendingChanges.Comment;
    if (PendingCheckin.PendingChanges.Any(x => x.Filename.EndsWith(".cs")) && CurrentUser.CanNotEditCodeFiles)
    {
        return new PolicyFailure[] {
            new PolicyFailure("You are not authorized to edit *.cs files.", this) };
    }
    else
    {
        return new PolicyFailure[0];
    }
}
</code>
This code won't compile because I added some pseudo code in there as an example but this approach should cover your use case.


What's the word for the soldier salute?

Question: When there'a a general or an emperor in front of them, soldiers do a gesture to salute that person. Is there a word for such gesture? I am wondering if we just use the word salute, which is a weird word to use, because it can be confused with many other things and not just the salute gesture soldiers do, which depend for which country you serve.
Answer: A gesture of formal greeting is a "salute" and this is the normal term. In ancient times in some places, soldiers acknowledged a ruler by kneeling, this is known as a "genuflection". (I think this gesture and this term is still used by British soldiers to the monarch of the UK.)
In some places, the Byzantine empire in particular, soldiers before the emperor lay flat on their faces, this is known as a "prostration". Both of these describe the specific gesture.
A sentence like

The major saluted the general.

is not ambiguous. Everyone will understand it as meaning the standard military gesture of respectful greeting/acknowledgement, although the exact form varies from one country or organization to another.
Comment: For the record, a body of soldiers does _not_ kneel to the British monarch, and never has done AFAIK.
Answer: My understanding is that the OP is not after the origins of the term "salute" but is asking whether there is a higher level gesture of paying respect, compared to the standard salute. In many militaries, there is. It usually occurs only in formal parade ground situations and is called "presenting arms":
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Present_arms_(command)
For example, in British-styled militaries, if a group of soldiers on the march encounters a superior officer, the leader of that group will give a standard salute (which varies depending on whether they are holding a weapon or not). The remaining personnel will not salute per se, but will move their heads to acknowledge the passing officer (e.g. "Eyes Right" or "Eyes Left").
But when called to present arms, (generally while standing still on a parade ground), all personnel will move their weapons to acknowledge the recipient of respect. e.g. soldiers and NCOs will present arms en masse by thrusting their rifles forward while held vertically, while officers will raise and then lower their swords. The gesture of presenting arms with a rifle is different than the regular salute made when holding a rifle.
There is a higher level of salute yet. In British-styled armies, it is termed the royal salute, but it is offered as a gesture of respect to any head of state (such as presidents). This involves firing 21 rounds of artillery. Lower accolades (e.g. 19 guns) might be afforded to heads of government (e.g. prime ministers) and so on:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/21-gun_salute
Answer: What are the origins of saluting? historyextra.com

It has been said that the gesture began in medieval times. When approaching a senior officer a man would lift his helmet visor so that he could be recognised, the hand moving in a similar way to the modern salute. Unfortunately for this neat idea, the modern form of salute is not recorded before the early 18th century.
The salute probably developed in response to a change in military headgear. After metal helmets fell out of favour, soldiers wore hats similar to those of civilians. Like civilians they raised their hats when greeting a superior.
By 1700 grenadiers were wearing tall, conical hats held in place with secure chinstraps that were difficult to raise in greeting. The men began to merely touch their hats as if intending
  to raise them. Soon other soldiers adopted the shako, busby or bearskin, all of which were held in place by a chinstrap. They, too, stopped raising the hat and instead merely touched
  its brim. This action was formalised as the salute in European armies by about 1780, and from them spread to the rest of the world.
Answered by: Rupert Matthews, historian and author

salute (v.) late 14c., "to greet courteously and respectfully," ...
salute (n.) c. 1400, "act of saluting, respectful gesture of greeting, salutation," from salute (v.) ...
– etymonline.com

What's the word for the soldier salute?


Anime with floating house, fliers and conscripted teen boy

Question: I watched this anime/cartoon in 2010 - 2011. The main character was a teen boy. Apparently he lived in a house with his mother and his little sister (?) which was located on a floating piece of land (floating in mid-air). One day the boy was taken by some people in flying vehicles because of something his mother did (?) or because he needed to fight for them against others. I think his mother fell on her knees when they took him away and she was crying. The other scene I remember was him racing with a girl which apparently he liked, on those flying vehicle things, and she won. This anime/cartoon might fit in the category of mecha and/or space. Also I watched it on a Macedonian TV channel called Kanal 5.
Comment: possibly the same as https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/230791/animated-series-where-people-live-in-the-sky (which is newer but has an accepted answer)
Answer: Could this be Skyland?  From Wikipedia:

It is the 23rd century; the Earth has shattered into billions of pieces which orbit around a central core. In this new world named Skyland, an evolved form of humans has appeared: Seijins, who are able to absorb energy from sunlight and use it to fuel special abilities such as telekinesis, telepathy, mental control, astral projection, energy balls or blasts and electricity rays.
The Skyland is ruled by the Sphere, an organization which controls the fragmented blocks water supplies and maintains its power thanks to Guardians - promising Seijin children who have been taken away from their families and given a special training. This dictatorship is fought by pirates.
After the capture of their mother by the Sphere, Mahad and Lena, a young Seijin still learning to control her powers, are rescued by a group of pirates. They join the pirate rebellion, determined to free their mother and help bring the Sphere down.
Comment: It sounded like the OP wasn't too sure of all the details.  This sounded vaguely similar to me.  It immediately popped into my mind with:
Comment: Sounded like the OP wasn't too sure of all details. This sounded vaguely similar to me and popped into my mind. 1-mother, main character (boy) and sister. Skyland starts with the mother Mila, Mahad and Lena  2-living on floating piece of land.  This is the environment..."the Earth has shattered into billions of pieces which orbit around a central core" 3-fight against others...the Sphere and Telekinesis 4-racing flying vehicles against girl he liked...other characters in the rebellion...Dahlia was her name 5-something his mother did...she was part of Sphere, left before giving birth to Lena
Comment: Also, this was a worldwide preview that occurred in 2006.  This means that it's possible that it was seen in Macedonia in 2011.


Why did Rem die in The Last Name?

Question: We all know, that in The Last Name, L survives, by writing his own name in the death note. But why did Rem die then? I mean a shinigami dies when he kills a person, in a way that saves the life of another person. But L didn't die. So technically, Rem shouldn't have died, right?
Answer: In that movie, Rem died due to the rule where a shinigami will die if he explicitly tries to extend someone's life by killing another using the death note. This happened because Kira guided L towards Misa as the second Kira. Once L has proven that she is, she will be executed. That's why Rem killed L. And since Rem extended Misa's life by killing L, Rem died (Rule XVII:1).
L didn't die because before Rem did that, L had already written his own name in the death note that they confiscated from the news announcer. By the rules of Death Note, the first one written takes effect while the latter is ignored (Rule XV:1). So since L had already written his own name, when Rem wrote L's name, it did not take effect.
See Death Note Rules.
Answer: Rem intended to kill L and Watari to save Misa, L did not expect Rem to also kill Watari so he was only able to save his life from Rem.
So Rem did kill Watari to save Misa.

Why did Rem die in The Last Name?


How to activate the AMD GPU manually?

Question: i have some trouble with my Intel/AMD-GPU-Setup.
I am using a laptop with an "Intel Core i3-2350M 'Sandy Bridge'", which has the build-in iGPU "Intel HD 3000". In addition to this iGPU my laptop has the dGPU "AMD Radeon HD 6490M".
A few weeks ago i changed my system from Linux Mint 17.3 (Ubuntu 14.04-LTS-based, Kernel 3.19 with proprietary fglrx-driver) to Linux Mint 18.0 (Ubuntu 16.04-LTS-based, Kernel 4.4.0 with open-source radeon-driver).
With this new version of Mint/Ubuntu the AMD proprietary fglrx-driver with Catalyst Control Center is not supported and installable anymore and the dGPU is too old for the new amdgpu-driver. So my system is running on the radeon-driver now.
With the fglrx-driver and Catalyst Control Center i was able to activate and deactivate the AMD dGPU, depending on my use-cases, manually.
With the radeon-driver now it's a bit different.
When i check my current GPU state with
$ sudo cat /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch

the result is always
0:IGD:+:Pwr:0000:00:02.0
1:DIS: :DynOff:0000:01:00.0

This means, that the iGPU is active and the dGPU is deactivated (by software/driver).
Since i have (like all modern laptops) a muxless device, the entry 0:IGD looks good, but 1:DIS should change its state, when needed, to something like this
1:DIS: :DynPwr:0000:01:00.0

I found on this post
How to disable my APU and use the GPU (AMD Radeon) open source driver instead?
that i can force to use the AMD dGPU with a specific application (i.e. glxgears) like this
$ DRI_PRIME=1 glxgears

but not as the default GPU, used by the whole system (like with the Catalyst Control Center). Is this even possible (yet) with the open-source radeon-driver?
And is there a way to use something like auto-GPU-switching (like, when the Intel iGPU has reached maximum load, the AMD dGPU will automatically be switched on) ?
Greetings and thanks in advance
Answer: try this
DRI_PRIME=1 glxgears -info

How to activate the AMD GPU manually?


Construction of synthetic deposits

Question: I'm looking at the paper "Everything You Always Wanted to Know
About Multiple Interest Rate Curve
Bootstrapping But Were Afraid To Ask". It describes how to construct synthetic deposits in order get a "better" yield curve at the short end of the curve (see 4.4.2). Despite I'm not sure about the OIS quotes the synthetic depo should be $OIS + \alpha\cdot\delta+\beta\cdot\delta^2/2$ with the parameters alpha and beta given in figure 17 and $\delta$ being the time-interval $T_2-T_1$ with a given day-count-convention.
In the following I will just talk about the 12M example in figure 17. Ignoring any day-count-convention, i.e. using the number of days between $T_1$ and $T_2$ I can replicate similar factors for $\alpha$ and $\beta$, namely $\alpha = 0.5091; \beta = -0.0003$. Using them to calculate the 12M "spread" ($\alpha\cdot\delta+\beta\cdot\delta^2/2$) I get values like 0.0506, 0.3431, 0.6597, ... -9.6754, 13.3500, -17.5124 (all given in %). So they do absolutely not match the ones given in the paper.
Also when using the factors in the paper, the numbers do not match. Can someone explain to me what's going on there?
Best
Answer: I figured out that the correction term should not be $\alpha\cdot\delta + \beta\cdot\delta^2/2$ but rather $\alpha+\beta\cdot\delta/2$.

Construction of synthetic deposits


Open university and admissions into a US Masters

Question: Can a student with a bachelor's in engineering with very little chemistry take some courses in chemistry to get into a chemistry masters? How do US masters view courses taken from Open University, particularly in chemistry?
Comment: What do you mean by 'open university'? What do you mean by 'some courses'?
Comment: @buffy Its a Distance learning university centered in the UK. It's basically online degrees or single courses. Maybe I should edit it to have capitals though there other open university's. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_University&ved=2ahUKEwjiyK61zePcAhXOJt8KHdmTBrAQmhMwC3oECAoQPw&usg=AOvVaw13k4eSkrJGzRTalOAUDoUf
Comment: Actually, yes, Open University. It is a highly respected distance education institution that provides excellent support to students. It isn't like what many people think of as "online learning". A student will generally have access to lectures from a professor backed up by a team of professionals. Additionally, students have face to face access to tutors close to home. It is actually a lot like on-site education at a large university (with large classes) except that you don't have to actually be there to take advantage. I don't know if the others have the same quality or not.
Comment: How about 'some courses'?
Comment: @buffy Well to get into a masters degree you wouldn't have to have an entire bachelor's in the subject of if you've already gotten a bachelor's. I would just have to fulfill some prereqs(Two general chemistry, one organic, a few others). So you could just complete their certificate of higher education open and complete the equivalent of one year of a B.S. And I edited it to have capitals.
Comment: Are you UK based? Or US? The US educational system is quite different from anything in Europe. OTOH, I don't know about Chem specifically, but Open is pretty highly respected.
Answer: Some of this may be superfluous but the US system is very different from anything in UK or EU. In the first place there is no national system at all. Even within a single state, policies can differ widely, though the official state university system (so called public colleges, but not the same idea as UK public colleges) will usually share a set of policies within that state. But many schools, including some very highly rated ones (Stanford, Harvard, Yale, etc. i.e "Private colleges") aren't part of any system. Some "flagship" schools within a state may also have more rigorous admissions than the rest of the state system (UCBerkeley, UMichigan, etc.)
While Open University in general is highly regarded, each college (or system of colleges) will have its own admissions policies. These can even differ by discipline, so Chemistry might be different from Mathematics. Some admissions systems are more personalized, depending on interviews, and some have various requirements on grade averages, required courses, and other things.
The only real way to know if X is acceptable at a US university is to ask that institution or to apply formally. If your situation is non standard you might get asked for additional information. If an educational program is very popular and also highly regarded the unusual cases might be easier to simply reject as there are enough very highly qualified applicants who are easy to judge.
In general, however, a Masters degree application won't face extremely rigorous requirements. This may be different from European experience. It would be a different story for doctoral study, of course.
With all that said, I would guess that if you meet a particular school's requirements for prerequisite courses, roughly what an undergraduate would be expected to have in that discipline, and your grades were good, and you represent yourself well in the application, then I doubt that having studied at Open U would be an issue - most places. But the only way to know is to ask the institution in question and expect to get different answers from different institutions.
BTW, students in the US think of this "system" as perfectly normal.
Comment: I'm US based. I realize that every university had its own policy, I'm just wondering how generally US university's see Online courses not taken in a bachelor's program.
Comment: @Orion, don't confuse Online generally with Open University. There are wide differences in Online courses. Open University is a real university with a history. The other offerings will be judged differently and individually.
Answer: I am a Chemistry graduate and I have been working in many engineering departments of my university for years. Especially in Turkey, engineering salaries are way higher than the ones for graduates of chemistry, physics, biology etc. if they can ever find a job. This mere fact makes everyone thinks that those pure science disciplines are just trash and an engineer, of course, can compensate the difference in a couple of months and get a degree from Chemistry, even an M.Sc.
Even normal 4 year curriculum of chemistry is not sufficient to comprehend the functioning of chemistry. You may get a degree still, as system allows it, but you will not make a contribution to neither pure nor applied science. Even though you may think that I am not answering your questions, you should still understand that unlike engineering courses, you can't just go listen the lecture, calculate the answers of the questions and submit the assignments in time than, boom, you are an expert in chemistry. I have taken both undergraduate and graduate courses from Civil Engineering, Geological Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Biology, Chemistry and even some others.
More properly, there are branches of Chemistry (even though not in real world) like analytical, bio, organic, inorganic, physical, quantum/computational and even industrial. Which one of them you will compensate with a couple of courses? You can never truly understand one branch without knowing sufficiently of others.
Don't take it personal, I, in general, don't suggest others to leisurely waltz into hard science and try to get a degree.
Comment: I'm considering switching to Material Science by making up the general admissions requirements for the Chemistry Masters and then going for the Materials Phd after majoring in Electrical Engineering. Not really to get into Chemistry as a career.
Comment: In my university (Middle East Tech Univ) Material Science accepts chemistry graduates without any insufficiency compensating program, simply directly takes us. If you took thermodynamics, you will need to improve that, and unless you specifically work on materials on a limited environments, such as neutron absorbing rods in a nuclear power plant, you will need to understand all chemical/physical interactions of environment with your material. In any case, inorganic/organic/polymer/physical chemistries are obligatory, maybe you can compensate others with help when necessary.


Can I import live plants from India to Bangladesh while traveling

Question: I love gardening ( fruit trees ) but from my experience of buying plants I have seen that in Bangladesh lots of fruit species and varieties are not available yet . Collection of different species and varieties of fruit plants is a part of my hobby . So I was thinking if I ever visit India then I'll collect some rare fruit trees and bring them here .
But I am not sure about the allowance of bringing live plants from India to BANGLADESH.
Comment: If your hobby is collect plants, you should contact your local authorities (about plants and agriculture items). They will give you the rules of import (plant import are sources of many diseases, with damages hugely agriculture). But you will have also some information about local diseases, and what they are looking from. [In Europe, some of the worse weeds and diseases arrived just with only one plant, one port]. Keep your other plant save. Ask (not just about law, but current dangers)
Answer: I would agree with the commenter above (you should do research about Bangladesh's import rules for plants, as well as common diseases) and add that it all comes down to the declaration and inspection at your port of arrival (airport/port/train station).
Even with your best research there's a very real chance that Customs may decide to seize your plants and destroy them, if they contravene some obscure regulation you did not happen to research or if the customs agent has a poor understanding of the actual regulations. Therefore, I would caution you against buying a bunch of exotic plants and spending a lot of money, only for all of it to be seized.
If plant collecting is a hobby of yours, you should find like-minded individuals in your community who might know more about why certain species of plants have not yet made it to Bangladesh (are they invasive, poorly suited to the climate, etc).


can bottom bracket type be determined without disassembly?

Question: Is it possible to determine wether my BB is press fit or threaded w/out disassembly?  It's XT 8000 if that helps.
Comment: Frames are generally only sold in a press fit or threaded version. You might want to look up the frame you have.
Comment: Sure, read the service manual or look at the specs for that model year. #unhelpfulcomment
Answer: If your BB uses a threaded interface, there will be a tool interface.
For Shimano Hollowtech II style cranksets, threaded BBs sit outboard of the frame with notches needed by the tool clearly visible.

Frames which use Shimano BB86/BB92 pressfit BBs use a wider BB shell. The pressfit cups will have a thick lip that prevents them pushing deeper into the shell. The shell inner diameter is 41mm, so the diameter of lip should be about 43mm.
Cranksets with 24mm axles can be used in frames originally designed for 30mm axles, either by fitting a special BB whose bearings have a 24mm inner diameter or are sleeved to 24mm, or by fitting an adapter which reduces the shell diameter to allow a normal BB92 or external threaded BB to be used. BB30 shells have 42mm ID; PF30 shells have 46mm ID.
If you have a Trek, you might have a BB95 pressfit BB with shell ID 37mm.


Water softener installation

Question: I want to install a water softener for our house and the company that I am dealing with told me that the unit must be installed outside unless I only want to soften the hot water.  Is this true?
Answer: The main water line will go in the house far enough to get a good spot to tie in a water conditioner. I had mine in the crawlspace, it was 3' tall and I dug it into the dirt to get the height needed to fill and maintain it, also to protect it from freezing (Maryland at the time). Since I did not want it in the living space taking up room, that is why the crawlspace. Most conditioners are placed in the living space perhaps the laundry room, or at least the garage, depending where the water main is accessible. Any competent installer can run the pipe where it is needed to install the system.
My suggestion is to get or try another installer. Always good to get more than one estimate. My conditioner was for the whole house, not for just the cold or hot. I did not have the outside hose bibs tied to it, no need for that.
Answer: Based solely on the description I would look at it that the water softener to feed all of the cold water for the home has only one common point that is reachable and that is where the pipe comes into the home.  As it goes into the house it branches and any place assessable before that branching is not found in a location that is able to support the install without opening walls and running a loop off the main line.
Where as the hot water heater is inside and has a place for locating the softener but this locations cold line only goes to the water heater.

Water softener installation


What version of Lego Digital Designer has all the parts that LEGO ever added?

Question: I would like to know what version of Lego Digital Designer has all the parts that the Lego company has ever added to the program, before the program was discontinued. I was able to find more parts from someone on Eurobricks forum but I still need more bricks.
Comment: Since LDD is discontinued there's always going to be issues with later parts not existing in there.  Stud.io or Mecabricks are more likely to continue getting new elements since they're still supported by their developers.
Comment: @chicks It might be worth referring to generic "LDraw based software" term rather than Stud.io specifically. Some like to use LDCad, MLCad and other software instead of Stud.io all of which use LDraw parts catalog.
Comment: do you guys know about any websites that are hosting bricks that can be manually added to Lego Digital Digital Designer
Answer: I believe that the last version that had a complete set of elements was 4.3.11, however that has dependencies on Adobe Flash, so will likely not work on most modern systems that have now removed Flash.
The last release, 4.3.12 has a known issue with missing parts. However you can use the parts library (Assets.lif) from 4.3.11 with 4.3.12 - this can be extracted from the installer if you open it with an archive explorer (i.e. 7zip or similar).
Bear in mind that:

To see all the parts, you may need to enable "Extended Mode" (View | New themes | extended).
LEGO Digital Designer is no longer actively supported. However The LEGO Group have purchased the team behind Studio, which is actively developed and has new parts regularly added.

Edit to add:
Glad you've managed to get it working in your preferred version. I'm not aware of people adding more elements to the official library files, but I've not really looked for it.
Whilst we can't say exactly what The LEGO Group will do in the future, they did say when they acquired BrickLink that:

The LEGO Group is planning to support and evolve Studio and will review opportunities for both services following the closing of the deal.

They also released a video last December (2020) where they updated on the future of both BrickLink and Studio.

In addition, we're going to upgrade the Studio software every month to improve the user experience and enhance it's performance.

Finally, as a quick test, I was able to find the Fright Knights Witch and Bat Lord heads and torsos fairly quickly in Studio:

Others are likely available.
Comment: i was able to bypass the adobe flash installer by using 7 zip to open it the i opened the lif file and copied all the bricks from 4.3.11 to the verison 4.2.5
Comment: i only use the version 4.2.5 because its not as old but it still allows me to add more parts without crashing as much (it also allows me to take screenshots, in the newer versions, the Lego Company removed the feature like 4.3 and higher
Comment: is it possible the that Lego Company might start working on Lego Digital Designer Again like continue adding more bricks and fixing crashes (i don't know why they stopped working on it, its so easy to use (what does the Lego Company seriously have to do thats more important then to work on their program) (they are beginning to have a reputation like Microsoft)
Comment: i would also highly appreciate anyone that can add the heads from the old castle lego themes (Fright Knights (Fright Knights are my favorite) Dragon Knights, etc)
Comment: is it possible i can go the studio app and add the heads to Lego Digital Designer
Comment: Seeing as those are "decorations" on the base "head" element, they should be vaguely easy to locate .png and add the details to a `DecorationMapping.xml` file.