Gentlemen  Senators, —  Gentlemen  Deputies, — A
vast  field  of  labour  lies  before  you.  The  national
unity  accomplished,  the  struggle  of  parties  will  be,  I


TROUBLES    IN    SPAIN.  325

hope,  less  violent,  or  they  will  rival  each  other  only  in
exciting  the  development  of  the  productiv^e  forces  of  the
nation,  and  my  heart  rejoices  to  perceive  already  many
indications  of  the  increasing  industr>^  of  our  popula-
tions.
On  the  political  revival  follows  closely  the  revival
of  economy  ;  savings-banks,  commercial  associations,
industry,  and  art  exhibitions,  public  literary  meetings,
all  multiply.  The  government  and  parliament  should
second  this  fruitful  movement  by  enlarging  and
strengthening  professional  and  scientific  instruction,
and  by  opening  up  new  roads  of  communication  and
new  outlets  for  commerce.  The  marvellous  work  of
the  Monte  Cenis  tunnel  is  accomplished,  and  that  of
St.  Gothard  is  about  to  be  undertaken  :  the  world's  road
that  traverses  Italy  to  Brindisi,  and  thus  unites  Eu-
rope with  India,  will  have  three  openings  in  the  Alps
for  railroad  tra\elling.  Celerity  of  travelling  and
facility  of  intercourse  will  increase  the  friendly  rela-
tions that  already  bind  us  to  tlie  transalpine  peoples,
and  will  revive  a  noble  rivalry  in  industry  and
civilisation.  The  future  opens  before  us  rich  in
happy  promise  ;  it  is  for  us  to  respond  to  the  favours  of
Providence,  by  showing  ourselves  worthy  to  represent
amongst  the  great  nations  of  the  earth  the  glorious
part  of  Italy  and  of  Rome.
On  New  Year's  day,  1872,  Victor  Emmanuel  sent
an  envoy  with  the  compliments  of  the  season  to  the
Pope.  He  was  treated  in  the  same  manner  as  be-
fore ;  the  holy  father  did  not  receive  him,  but  returned
the  compliments  through  his  minister.
