PESSI. [Latrunctju.]

PESSttLUS. [Janua.]

PETALISMUS. [ExsiLiUM.]

PETASU8. [PiLEUs.]

PETITOR. [AcTOE.]

PETAURISTAE. [Petaxtbitm.]

PETAURUM (weravpov, ir^revpov), used in
the Roman games, seems to have been a
board moving up and down, with a person at
each end, and supported in the midcUe, some-
thing like our see-saw; only it appears to
have been much longer, and consequently
went to a greater height than is common
amongst us. The persons who took part in
this game, were called Petauristae or Petatt-
ristarU.
PETORRITUM, a four-wheeled carriage,
which, like the Essedum, was adopted by the
Romans in imitation of the Gauls. It differed
ft-om the Habmamaxa in being uncovered.
Its name is compounded of petoTf four, and
ritf a wheel.
PHALANX. [ExERCiTUS.]

PHALARICA. [Hasta.]

PHALERAE (^»^Aapoi/), a boss, disc, or
crescent of metal, in many oases of gold, and
beautifully wrought so as to be highly prized.
They were usually worn in pairs; and we
most commonly read of them as ornaments
attached to the harness of horses, especially
about the head, and often worn as pendants
(pensilia), so as to produce a terrific effect
when shaken by the rapid motions of the
horse. These ornaments were often bestowed
upon horsemen by the Roman generals, in



the same maxmer as the A,wtm.Tjkj thie Tqk>
avn, the hasta para [Hasta], and the ennm
of g(dd [Coboka], in order to make a puUie
and i>ermaaent acknowledgment of t a r a Te t y
and merit.
PHARETRA (<l>ap4Tpa\ a quir^, was prin-
cipally made of hide or leather, and was
adorned with gold, painting, and braiding.
