Kino  furimasJiiia    kawari

Yesterday     rained  cluttiffe

m\  kyo      wa      it         o

in,  tO'day  aa-for,  good  honounible


**  Whereas  it  rained  yester*
day  (/.  e. ,  after  yesterday's  rain)^

n,to^a.ivynar,gooanonour<u,,ey^^  IS  beautiful  weather    tO-day."

ienki    (de  gozaimasu),  \  '

wetttJier  (i»).  /


^  145.  There  are  also  quasi-postposilions  formed  by  «/and
the  gerunds  of  verbs,  as  ni  aiaiie,  ''just  at,"  from  aiarut  *'  to
^ixWiQ;'*  ni  shilagailey  ''according  to,"  from  sJniagau,  "to
conform;"  ni  yoite,  "owing  to,"  from  j/(?r«,  "to  rely;""
thus  :

Kyaku  ni    taishite,     shitsiirei  desuAt^^    ^^x    ^^^    ^^    ^

Oueat     to  confi*ontbif/,    VHdenesa       is.     1  ^         .  tj

Anaia  ni    iaishiie^   vioshi-wake  g(i  \      *<  i  know  not  how

You     to  confi'O.aina       excuse       (;;.„/.)  L^    ^^^^^^    ^        |f

gozaimasen.  f        „  ^

iS'tiot.  )  ^

Amari     nyuhi    wo       kake'StigimasJiite^      \      ''I  am  sorry

ToO'niucU  expense  (accus.)  having-iYut-exccededf      \nr\\\T      fn.r      rvwt

ma  m    Uaiie       kokwai     shiie  tmasu.  extravagance/'

nwv   to  rcachhiff,  re2)entance  doing      am.  °


Shinncn    ga     kiniasii    ni    yoite^

Keiv-year  (rro///.)    comes       to    owing,

0  kazari  wo

Iionourablo  decorations

iiasankercha  nariniasen,

if-u'C'doH't'malic,  {it)isn't.  )


"  As  the  New  Year  is
J^       '  I  decorate  (the  gate)."


CHAPTER     VI.
The  Numeral.
CARDINAL   NUMBERS.
\  146.  In  European  grammars  the  numerals  are  generally
disposed  of  in  a  few  lines,  as  forming  a  mere  subdivision  of
the  adjective.  In  Japanese  the  numeral  is  rather  a  species
of  noun,  and  a  species  of  noun  with  marked  peculiarities
of  its  own,  necessitating  its  treatment  as  a  separate  part  of
speech.
^  147.  There  are  two  sets  of  numerals,  one  of  native  and  the
other  of  Chinese  origin.  The  native  set  is  now  obsolete
except  for  the  first  ten  numbers,  which  are  as  follows  : —


SUBSTANTIVE  FORM.  FORM  USED  IN  COMPOUNDS.  ENUMERATIVE  FORM.
