agent's  private  interest  to  come  between  him  and  his  princi-
pal.3

§  256.  Authority  to  Borrow  Money.  It  has  been  decided
in  many  cases  that  a  cashier  has  power  to  borrow  money  for
the  bank  and  to  execute  its  notes  therefor.  This  authority  is
implied  from  his  official  designation  as  cashier,  and  it  is  not
necessary  to  prove  that  such  authority  has  been  conferred  by
the  board  of  directors,  even  by  ratification.  His  acts  done  in
the  ordinary  course  of  the  business  actually  confided  to  him
are  pri ma  facie  evidence  that  they  are  within  the  scope  of  his
duty.*

If  he  has  authority  to  borrow  money  he  may  also  pledge
the  bank's  property  as  security.  This  would  seem  to  be  a
necessary  incident  from  the  primary  power."

§  257.  Certification.  A  certified  check  is  one  on  the  face
of  which  the  cashier,  or  other  proper  officer  of  the  bank,  has
written  or  stamped  the  word  "  Certified,"  "  Good,"  or  *'  Good
when  properly  indorsed,"  or  words  to  that  effect,  and  written
thereon  the  amount,  and  his  signature.  This  is  in  effect  the
association's  written  promise  to  pay,  and  the  power  to  do  such
acts  is  regarded  as  inherent  in  the  cashier  by  virtue  of  his
office.  Such  acts  will  bind  the  institution  for  the  amount  certi-
fied, whether  exceeding  the  drawer's  deposit  or  not,  if  the
holder  does  not  know  that  the  deposit  is  less  than  the  certifi-
cation. The  National  Bank  Act  prohibits  national  associa-
tions from  certifying  for  a  greater  amount  than  the  drawer
has  on  deposit  at  the  time  of  certifying,  though  should  an
officer  do  this  the  bank  will  be  bound,  though  the  cashier
may  be  held  liable  to  the  bank  under  the  law.
