9. Two golden ear-rings, with small cupids, orna-
mented with precious stones.
10. Two golden rings, with convex green stones.
11. A golden ring, with an engraved stone of Minerva,
very fine.
12. A golden pin, with a stone, on which is a butterfly.
13. A silver pin, with an engraved stone, with a head.
14. Four chalcedony ear-drops, and some leaves in
beaten gold.
* Dubois, vol. V. p. 137.
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Chap. XVI. CONTENTS OP TUMULI. 269

The tumuli near the quarantine are clearly less ancient
than those on the road to Theodosia. They are less worn
by time, of more colossal dimensions, and their interior
construction, and the objects contained in them, show a
more advanced state of civilisation. These tumuli were
also crossed by a public road, which branched off on the
right to Myrmekium, and on the left to Porthmium.
The greater number contain vaults built of masonry, in-
stead of excavations in the limestone, and their floor is
on the same level as the ground outside. The arch of
the ceiling is formed by each row of stones projecting
more than the one below, until they almost touch at the
top ; and there are several tombs in the same tumulus.
On cutting through one, on the new road to Yenicaleh,
three tombs were found. The two first were those of
men, as was proved by two swords and a lance which
were found in them, and in the third was a skeleton of a
woman, crowned with leaves of golden laurel.
There were also the following golden ornaments,
which evidently belonged to a lady of high rank.
