As I am describing our works at Troy in 1882 in the
order of the antiquity of the settlements, I come now
in the last place to the ruins of Ilium, though, in com-
mencing our labours from the top of the hill of Hissarlik,
these were naturally the first we had to excavate and to
study. As before mentioned (see p. 18), I brought to
light in the excavation on the northern slope (in the place
marked by the most northern letter V on Plan I. in Ilios)
a very remarkable wall-corner. It is about six metres above
the plain, and consists of large well-wrought blocks of shelly
limestone, joined without any binding material. It belongs
apparently to the Macedonian time, and probably formed
part of the grand wall of defence which Lysimachus built
for Ilium. It has courses of masonry, alternately higher
and lower, which are wrought on the outside with rusti-
cated surfaces. It appears that all the more ancient build-
ings here, with the exception of the great temple of Athene,
built by Lysimachus, consist of a shelly conglomerate,



* I here remark that I use for the historic Ilium of the Greek and
Roman age the simple and only name by which it occurs in the classical
writers ; for Strabo's 17 vw irdXts, to <n)fi€pLv6v "IXiov, are merely dis-
tinguishing phrases, not names ; and even these are used by no other
writer. It is the more important to mention this, as the modem phrase,
Ilium Novum^ or Novum Ilium^ which I reluctantly adopted in Ilios^
has been mistaken even by some scholars for a genuine classical appel-
lation ; and this has helped to perpetuate the delusion of the two dif-
ferent sites, which have been marked on maps, since Lechevalier invented
the distinction, as Ilium Novum (at Hissarlik, which he never visited),
and Troja Fetus (at Bounarbashi).
