Barter  in  Domestic  Animals. — Passing  from  the  hunter
state  to  the  pastoral  state,  men  have  a  largely  increased  stock
of  ready  capital  with  which  to  barter.  They  no  longer  depend
upon  the  fortuitous  bounty  of  nature  for  a  supply  of  com-
modities which  can  be  exchanged  for  something  which  they
want  and  do  not  have.  Just  as  the  pastoral  life  gave  them  a
sure  and  certain  meat  and  milk  subsistence,  so  it  gave  them  a
greater  variety  of  articles  of  diet,  because  animal  possessions
were  ever  at  hand  to  barter  for  other  things.  In  the  state  of
industrial  society,  however,  which  we  are  now  studying,  barter
was  usually  in  food  or  in  utensils  with  which  to  obtain  food.
Barter  in  ornaments  belongs  to  a  later  stage  and  is  between  sav-
ages on  the  one  hand  and  civilized  or  semi-civilized  men  on  the
other.
