729. What  is  meant  by  fastness  to  "weather"?    How  may  the  test  be
represented  by  chemical  means  ?    With  what  other  test  should  this  always  be
combined  ?

730. What  is  "carbonizing"?    How  is  the  test  made ?

731. Give  the  best  method  of  making  the  perspiration  test. By  what
chemical  test  may  it  be  represented  ?

732. In  what  case  is  a  treatment  with  alkali  given  dyed  woolen  fabrics?
How  is  the  test  for  fastness  to  alkali  conducted  ?

733. How  is  fastness  to  street  dust  represented  by  chemical  means?

734. What  is  meant  by  "stoving"?     Under  what  circumstances  would  a
color  be  required  to  stand  this  test  ?    How  is  the  test  for  fastness  made  ?

735-  What  is  " decatizing, "  "crabbing"  ?     How  may  the  fastness  of  a  color
to  steaming  be  tested  ?

736. The  colors  on  what  classes  of  materials  require  fastness  to  ironing  *or
hot-pressing  ?    How  is  this  test  made  ?

737. In  what  respects  does  the  testing  of  dyed  colors  on  cotton  differ  from
those  on  wool  ?

738. How  is  the  test  for  fastness  to  acid  carried  out?    What  is  meant  by
"cross-dyeing"?

739. How  does  the  test  for  fastness  to  alkali  differ  on  woolen  and  on  cotton
goods  ?

740. What  is  meant  by  "mercerizing"?    Under  what  conditions  would
this  fastness  be  required,  and  how  is  the  test  made  ?

741. How  does  the  bleaching  test  for  cotton  colors  differ  from  that  of  stov-
ing?

742. Referring  to  the  cotton  colors  tested,  how  do  the  basic  dyes  compare
in  general  fastness  with  the  substantive  dyes?    In  what  particulars  do  the
latter  surpass  the  basic  dyes?

743. What  fastness  is  required  on  loose  wool  dyeings,  and  what  are  the
chief  classes  of  colors  used  on  this  material  ?    What  character  of  dyes  is  used

or  machine  dyeing?

744. What  fastness  is  required  for  shoddy  dyeings?    Why  are  basic  dyes
used  largely  ?

745. What  are  slubbing  and  tops?    What  fastness  is  required  for  these
dyeings  ?

746. What  fastness  is  generally  necessary  for  worsted  and  woolen  weaving
yarns  ?    What  dyes  are  mostly  used  ?

747. What  fastness  is  required  for  knitting  and  hosiery  yarns  of  wool?
Yarns  for  rugs,  blankets,  and  flannels  ?

748. What  fastness  is  required  on  carpet  and  tapestry  yarns?     Yarns  for
worsted  braid?

749. 