Instances  of  such  prostration  are  abundant  in  the  pages  of  classical
histoTy,(^^  and  are  not  altogether  wanting  even  in  very  modern  times.
(l)  Ibid.    De  Steck.,  Sssais  sur  divers  Si^ets  de  Polit.  p.  2.
\m)  Hefftere,  ubi  snpra.    H.  Cocceius,  De  Postliminio  et  Amnestift.
[n)  Grot.,  1.  iii.  c.  xx.  ss.  11,  {  2.  7ide  post,  Lord  Grenville's  Remarks  on  the
Treaty  of  Amiens.
(o)  Grotius,  lUastratns,  v.  p.  502,  (ed.  Hala»,  1748.)

The  Times,  Debate  in  the  Honse  of  Commons,  Friday,  March,  14,  1856.— "The
Crimean  Tartars. — Mr.  Holland  asked  the  First  Lord  of  the  Treasury  whether  the
attention  of  her  Majesty's  Government  had  been  drawn  to  the  position  of  the
Crimean  Tartars  in  the  event  of  peace  being  established,  and  the  allied  forces,
towards  whom  they  had  shown  themselves  favourably  disposed,  being  recalled? —
Lord  Palmerston :  When  a  year  is  terminated,  in  the  course  of  which  the  armies
of  one  country  have  occupied  the  territory  of  another,  it  is  the  invariable  practice
that  there  shall  be  an  agreement  between  the  parties  to  insure  a  complete  amnesty
to  all  subjects  of  either  Power  who  may  have  been  at  all  committed  in  the  progress
of  hostilities ;  and  should  peace  be  now  concluded,  an  arrangement  of  that  kind
will,  of  course,  be  concluded  between  the  Belligerents.''

(p)  The  classical  reader  will  find  the  formal  language  of  a  deditio  in  Liyy :
c'ltaque  populum  Campanum  urbemque  Capnam,  agros,  delubra  DeOm,  divioa


MAKKBB   OT   BNDIKG   WAR,   BTO.  445

But  tbe  most  nneonditional  sabmiflrioii  wonld  be  holden  aecording  to
the  principle  of  International  Law  to  imply  a  retention  of  tbe  common
rigbtfl  of  bnmanitj,(^)  and^  between  Cbriatian  states^  of  Obristian  hnma-
nity  :(r)  any  infringement  of  thea^  rights  would  be  beyond  the  moral
oompetence  of  the  conqueror.
