To  the  E.  and  S.  are  remains  of  several  other  pyramids.  Still  farther
to  the  S.  rises  a  pyramid  of  peculiar  form ,    sometimes  called  the  Blunted


of  Cairo.  MA'SARA.  4.  Route.    403

Pyramid  (comp.  p.  159),  the  lower  slopes  rising  at  an  angla  of  54°  41',
while  the  sides  of  the  apex  form  an  angle  of  42°  59'.  The  whole  pyramid
was  probably  originally  intended  to  have  the  same  slope  as  the  apex  (as
the  sides  of  the  neighbouring  pyramid  rise  at  an  angle  of  43°  36')i  but
the  lower  part  was  never  completed.  This  pyramid  is  206'/^  yds.  square
and  321  ft.  in  height.  The  interior  was  explored  so  early  as  the  year
1660  by  Mr.  Melton,  an  English  traveller.  In  1860  M.  Le  Brun  found  a
small  chamber  in  the  interior.  No  clue  to  the  name  of  the  1  milder  has
been  discovered.  On  the  extreme  S.  side  of  the  plateau  rises  a  brick
pyramid.  99  ft.  in  height,  marking  the  S.  extremity  of  the  vast  Necro-
polis of  Memphis ,  which  extends  down  to  Abu  Roash  (p.  370),  towards
the  X.,  a  distance  of  23  M.  —  From  Dahshur  to  the  Pyramid  of  Medum,
and  to  the  Fayum,  see  R.  9.
Quarries  of  Tura  and  Baths  of  Helwan.
Railway  to  (14  M.)  Helwan  in  3|^-1  hr.  (fares  11  piastres  10,  7  piastres  20,
4  piastres  20  paras).  The  trains ,  of  which  there  are  four  daily,  start
from  the  new  station  in  the  Place  Mehe'met  Ali.  Another  train  starts
from  the  Central  Station,  passes  the  'Abbasiyeh  and  the  Cartridge  Factory,
joins  the  first-mentioned  line  at  Basatin,  and  reaches  Helwan  in  i1  /$  lir.
