1 82       SPANISH  DRAMA  BEFORE  LOPE  DE  VEGA

types  and  hard  automata  into  living  beings,  all  touched  with
something  of  his  own  urbanity  ".  We  need  no  historical  back-
ground in  order  to  find  delight  in  the  masterpieces  of  the
comedia  nueva,  but  a  knowledge  of  the  beginnings  of  the
Spanish  drama  aids  us  to  appreciate  properly  the  genius  of
Lope  and  the  glories  which  he  and  his  successors  brought  to
Spain  in  the  seventeenth  century.
APPENDIX


BIBLIOGRAPHY


The  best  account  of  the  religious  drama  before  Encina  is  given  by
Adolfo  Federico,  Conde  de  Schack,  Historia  de  la  literatura  y  del  arte
dramdtico  en  Espana,  vol.  i,  Madrid,  1885.  Also  useful  in  this  connection
is  the  introduction  of  Eugen  Kohler  to  his  Sieben  spanische  dramatische
Eklogen,  Dresden,  1911.  (Among  the  older  works  may  be  mentioned  the
seventh  volume  of  Amador  de  los  Rios,  Historia  critica  de  la  literatura
espanola,  Madrid,  1865,  and  Manuel  Canete,  Teatro  espanol  del  siglo
XVI,  Madrid,  1885.  Emilio  Cotarelo  y  Mori  sketches  the  origins  of  the
drama  in  his  study  of  Encina,  published  in  Estudios  de  historia  literaria
de  Espana,  Madrid,  1901.  The  Origenes  del  teatro  Catalan,  Barcelona,
1895,  of  Manuel  Mila  y  Fontanals,  and  Henri  Merimee's  L'Art  dramatique
a  Valencia,  Toulouse,  1913,  offer  a  wealth  of  material  for  the  study
of  the  origins  of  the  drama  in  Catalan  and  Valencian  territory.  A.
