:;;-.)  THE   POSITIVE   OUTCOME  OF    PHILOSOPHY

The  mind  is  to  give  to  man  a  picture  of  the  world,
the  language  is  the  brush  of  the  mind.  It  paints  by
its  construction  the  universal  relationship  of  all  things
referred  to  in  the  beginning  of  this  chapter,  and  it  does
so  in  the  following  manner :  It  gives  to  each  thing  not
only  its  own  name,  but  also  adds  to  it  another  indicat-
ing its  family,  and  another  indicating  its  race,  another
for  the  species,  the  genus,  and  finally  a  general  name
which  proclaims  that  all  things  are  parts  of  the.  one
indivisible  unit  which  is  called  world,  existence,  uni-
verse, cosmos.
This  diagrammatic  construction  of  language  fur-
nishes us  with  an  illustration  of  the  graduated  rela-
tionship of  things  and  of  the  way  in  which  the  human
race  arrives  at  its  knowledge,  its  perceptions  or  oic-
tures.
We  said  that  philosophy  is  that  endeavor  which
seeks  to  throw  light  on  the  process  of  human  thought.
This  work  has  been  rendered  very  difficult  by  the  un-
avoidable misunderstanding  of  the  universal  relation-
ship just  mentioned.  The  transcendentalists  insist
above  all  that  the  process  of  thinking  and  its  product,
thought,  should  not  be  classed  among  ordinary
physics,  not  as  a  part  of  physical  nature,  but  as  the
creature  of  another  nature  which  carries  the  mysteri-
ous name  of  metaphysics.  That  such  a  nature  and
such  a  science  is  neither  possible  nor  real  is  proven  by
the  construction  of  language  which  normally  describes
everything  as  being  closely  related  and  corroborates
this  by  its  abnormal  shortcomings  which  we  called
slips  of  the  t< ingue.
