This  law  definitely  plays  a  role  in  society  analo-
gous to  that  played  by  the  nervous  system  in  the
organism.  The  latter  has  as  its  task,  in  effect,  the  reg-
ulation of  the  different  functions  of  the  body  in  such
a  way  as  to  make  them  harmonize.  It  thus  very  nat-
urally expresses  the  state  of  concentration  at  which
the  organism  has  arrived,  in  accordance  with  the
division  of  physiological  labor.  Thus,  on  different
levels  of  the  animal  scale,  we  can  measure  the  de-
gree of  this  concentration  according  to  the  develop-
ment of  the  nervous  system.  Which  is  to  say  that  we
can  equally  measure  the  degree  of  concentration  at
which  a  society  has  arrived  in  accordance  with  the
division  of  social  labor  according  to  the  develop-
ment of  co-operative  law  with  restitutive  sanctions.
We  can  foresee  the  great  services  that  this  criterion
will  render  us.
Since  negative  solidarity  does  not  produce  any
integration  by  itself,  and  since,  moreover,  there  is
nothing  specific  about  it,  we  shall  recognize  only
two  kinds  of  positive  solidarity  which  are  distin-
guishable by  the  following  qualities:

1 .  The  first  binds  the  individual  directly  to  soci-
ety without  any  intermediary.  In  the  second,  he  de-
pends upon  society,  because  he  depends  upon  the
parts  of  which  it  is  composed.
2.  Society  is  not  seen  in  the  same  aspect  in  the
two  cases.  In  the  first,  what  we  call  society  is  a  more
or  less  organized  totality  of  beliefs  and  sentiments

3.  That  is  why  the  law  which  governs  the  relations  of
domestic  functions  is  not  penal,  although  these  functions
are  very  general.
