Or,  for  pale  gold,  dissolve  |  ounce
of  gamboge,  IJ  oimces  of  cape  aloes,
and  i  pound  of  white  shellac  in  1  gal-
lon of  alcohol.
Copal  Varnishes.  —  Copal  dissolved
in  alcohol  forms  a  hard,  durable  var-
nish for  fine  cabinetwork  arid  similar
purposes,  but  it  is  more  expensive  than
shellac  and  no  better  for  ordinary
purposes.  To  prepare  ordinary  cojjal
varnish,  first  melt  the  resin  with  gen-
tle heat  in  a  double  boiler.  Then
pulverize  and  mix  it  with  sand.  Final-
ly dissolve  it  in  strong  alcohol  and
strain  and  filter.  The  addition  of
elemi  resin  or  solution  of  turpentine
softens  it.
To  make  a  transparent  copal  var-
nish, put  6  oiuices  of  melted  and  pul-
verized copal  and  6  ounces  of  95  per
cent  alcohol  in  a  glass  bottle  or  fruit
jar,  cork  it  tightly,  and  set  in  a  warm
place    until    dissolved.     Then    add    4


ADHESIVES,    PAINTS,   AND    VARNISHES


505


ounces  of  turpentine  and  1  ounce  of
ether.
•  Or  dissolve  1  ounce  of  camphor  in
1  quart  of  alcohol.  Put  this  in  a
glass  bottle  or  fruit  jar  with  4  ounces
of  melted  and  pulverized  copal,  and
set  in  a  warm  place  until  dissolved.
Strain,  filter,  and  dry  the  sediment,  if
any,  for  future  use.
Or  dissolve  7  ounces  of  copal,  1
ounce  of  mastic,  and  i  ounce  of  Vene-
tian turpentine  in  11  ounces  of  alco-
hol. First  dissolve  the  copal  in  a  small
amount  of  alcohol  with  ^  ounce  of
camphor.  Add  the  mastic  and  tur-
pentine and  thin  with  the  remainder
of  the  alcohol.  This  is  a  good  varnish
for  articles  frequently  handled.
