Class  3.— tJsed  Mainly   for   Their     AntispaBmodic
Action  In  Stimulating  the  NerTOiis  System.
TALERLiSA.     Valerian.
Synoni/m. — ValerianoB  rhizoma,  B.P. ;  valeriane,  Fr.  ;
baldriaiiwnrzej,  G.
The  rhizome  and  roots  of  Valeriana  officinalis  Linne
(nat.  ord,  Valeriauete).
AHHOKIXTM    VALERATE  535

Habitat. — Europe  and  Northern  Asia.  Naturalized  in
New  England.
Drscription. — Bhizome  from  2  to  4  Cm.  long,  and  1  to  2
Cm.  thick  ;  upright,  subglobular,  or  obconical ;  truncate  at
both  ends ;  brown  or  yellowish-browu,  internally  whitish  or
pale  brownish,  with  a  narrow  circle  of  white  wood  under  the
thin  bark.  Boots  numerous,  slender,  brittle,  brown,  with  a
thick  bark,  and  slender,  ligneous  cord.  Odor  peculiar,
becoming  stronger  and  unpleasant  on  keeping ;  taste  cam-
phoraceous  and  somewhat  bitter.
Constituents. — 1,  a  volatile  oil ;  2,  valerianic  acid  (C,H„OJ,
a  colorless,  oily  acid,  with  burning  tuste  and  odor  of  valerian.
Soluble  in  alcohol  and  ethf^r,  and  in  30  parts  of  water.
Valerianic  acid  is  also  made  artificially  by  a  complicated  pro-
cess from  the  distillation  of  chromic  acid  and  amylic  alcohol.
8,  tannic  acid ;  4,  resin  ;  5,  malic,  formic  and  acetic  acids.
Z>o»e.— H.  &  C,  3  i.-ii.  (30.-60.) ;  D.,  gr.x.-  3  i.  (6.-4.).
PREPARATIONS.
Fluidextractnm  V<iterian(p.    Fluidextract  of  Valerian.    ^U.  S.  P.)
Made  hy  macenition  and  fXTcoIation  with  water,  and  evaporation.
so  that  1  cc.  =  1  gm.  of  the  (Tudt*  drug.
Done.—U.  &  (.;..  §  i.-ii.  (W.-Wl  ):  D..  mx.-  i  i  (.0-4.).
A  tinctum  valeriauu>  (1-5)  ami  a  tinctura  valerianaj  ammoniata

(1-5),  prepared  with  aromatic  spirit  of  ammonia,  are  also  oificial.    The

dose  of  either  is  3  ss.-ii.  (2.-8.),  for  dogs.
Tinctura  Valeriana  Ammoniata.    (B.  P.)
Do»e.— D.,  5BS.-i.  (».-4.)

Amhonu  Valebas.    Ammonium  Valerate.    NH4C,H,0,
(U.  S.  P.)

Synonym . — Ammonium  valerianate.
