person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in
jeopardy of life or limb ; nor shall be compelled in any
criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be
deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process
of law ; nor shall private property be taken for public
use without just compensation.
ARTICLE VL

In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the
right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury
of the State and district wherein the crime shall have
been committed, which district shall have been previously
ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and
cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the
witnesses against him; to have compulsory process
for obtaining witnesses in his favour, and to have the
assistance of counsel for his defence.
ARTICLE VIL

In suits at common law, where the value in controversy
shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury
shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury shall be
otherwise re-examined in any court of the United States,
than according to the rules of the common law.
ARTICLE VIII.
Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines
imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
182 THE FEDERAL OONSTTrUTION.
ARTICLE IX-

The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights,
shall not be construed to denj or disparage others
retained bj the people.
ARTICLE X.
The powers not delegated to the United States by the
Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are re-
serred to the States respectively, or to the people.
