3.  For  the  destruction  of  the  grubs  it  is  best  to  plow  up  the  fields  in
the  middle  of  May  to  a  depth  of  7  inches  and  then  to  harrow  the  ground
often,  and  especially  such  as  has  been  in  summer  wheat  a  year  after  a
great  quantity  of  "  kouzka"  has  appeared.  For  instance*,  if  the  kouzka
have  appeared  in  the  present  year,  1880,  they  should  be  plowed  for  their
destruction  in  the  middle  of  May,  1882,  particularly  at  the  edges  of  the
fields.  The  belt  of  plowed-up  land  should  be  200  feet  in  width.  If  sev-
eral fields  have  been  sown  with  the  same  seed  the  belts  should  be  as  far
away  as  possible  from  old  fields.  For  this  reason  it  is  useful  to  unite
all  the  fields  sown  with  the  same  seed  in  one  lot,  in  order  to  shorten  the
work.
In  addition  to  the  above  it  is  important,  in  order  to  get  rid  of  the
kouzka  in  the  future,  to  observe,  as  far  as  possible,  the  following  rules :

1.  To  sow  such  descriptions  of  wheat  and  barley  as  mature  early,  so
that  the  beetle  may  be  prevented  from  finding  its  proper  food  when  it
appeal's,  and  generally  to  sow  as  early  as  possible.
2.  To  sow  winter  wheat  instead  of  summer  wheat.
3.  To  sow  such  grain  as  the  beetle  does  not  eat ;  for  instance,  maize,
millet,  oats,  and  buckwheat.
4.  To  sow,  besides  the  grains  above  enumerated,  grains  that  produce
oil,  linseed,  winter  cresses,  &c,  especially  during  those  years  in  which
great  numbers  of  beetles  are  expected.
5.  To  take  away  the  different  weeds  from  the  pathways  and  other
places  which  contain  a  great  many  insects.    It  is  no  use  driving  them

33  o  b


514  CONTINENT    OF   EUROPE:    Rl'tiSIA.
