The  masonry  above  the  concrete  is  7  fl.  high  (see  Fig.  59) ;  in
Fig.  60  the  height  is  only  2  ft.  6\  ins.,  the  upper  course  being
15-in.  eye-beams.  A  similar  construction,  using  rails  for  the
upper  courses  and  transmitting  the  same  weight,  would  be  only
I  ft.  8  ins.  high  above  the  concrete.  In  this  case  the  weight  of
the*maso'nry  base  is  216,000  lbs. ;  the  weight  of  the  steel  base,
103,000  lbs.  The  weight  on  this  foundation  is  about  800,000  lbs.,
the  weights  of  the  foundations  being  respectively  20  and  13  per
cent  of  the  total.    The  saving  in  weight  of  the  iron  and  concrete

*  Since  writing  the  above  Mr.  A.  Gottlieb  has  made  a  large  number  of  bor-
ings;  about  the  average  results  will  be  found  in  the  supplement  tu  this  volume.
A  full  report  was  published  in  the  Engirutriiig  News.
FOUNDATIONS  FOR  HIGH  BUILDINGS.
345


foundations  is  enough  to  allow  an  additional  story.  There  is  also
a  saving  in  time.  The  cost  of  constructing  the  stone  foundation
is  a  little  less  than  the  steel,  but  the  increase  of  rental  space
more  than  compensates  for  this.  The  steel  beams  also  enable
the  load  to  be  distributed  over  a  part  of  the  area  between  two


1'


A


4'0-


5^


iV


1


i'


r„ , ....
16-6


Fig.  S9'— Masonky  Foundatiuns  un  cuNCKikin  bASE.
Fic.  6o. — Iron  Rails  and  Beams  on  Concrbtb  Basb.
