B.  F.  Jones,  of  Pittsburgh,  the  head  of  the  enterprising  firm
of  Jones  &  Laughlins,  who  has  been  actively  and  successful-
ly engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  iron  and  steel  for  more
than  fifty  years.  Much  of  the  prominence  that  Pittsburgh
has  attained  as  an  iron  and  steel  centre  is  due  to  the  cre-
ative and  executive  genius  of  Andrew  Carnegie,  who  has
built  up  at  Pittsburgh  the  most  extensive  iron  and  steel  en-
terprise in  the  United  States  and  perhaps  in  the  world.  Mr.
Carnegie  has  been  ably  assisted  in  the  development  of  his
vast  iron  and  steel  interests  by  his  partner,  Mr.  Henry  C.
Frick,  who  had  previously  achieved  a  world-wide  reputation
by  systematizing  and  greatly  expanding  the  Connellsville
coke  industry.
So  marvelous  has  been  the  development  of  the  iron  and
steel  and  other  industries  of  Pittsburgh  and  its  vicinity,  so
excellent  are  its  transportation  facilities,  and  so  great  are
the  advantages  afforded  it  by  the  possession  of  natural  gas
and  cheap  coal  and  coke,  that  the  future  progress  of  this
industrial  centre  is  certain  to  attract  as  much  attention  as
its  past  achievements.  Pittsburgh  is  an  industrial  wonder.
The  information  contained  in  this  chapter  concerning
Fort  Pitt  and  Fort  Fayette  has  been  mainly  derived  from
Neville  B.  Craig's  History  of  Pittsburgh,  from  Dallas  Albert's
Frontier  Forts  of  Western  Pennsylvania,  and  from  T.  J.  Chap-
man's history  of  The  French  in  the  Allegheny  Valley.
CHAPTER  XXIII.
THE    RESTRICTION    OF   IMMIGRATION.
