Nonanalyticity, sign problem, and Polyakov line in a <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math> -symmetric heavy quark model at low temperature: Phenomenological model analyses
Physical review. D/Physical review. D.