The perihelion (/ ˌpɛrɪˈhiːliən /) of any orbit of a celestial body about the Sun is the point where the body comes nearest to the Sun. It is the opposite of aphelion (/ æpˈhiːliən /), which is the point in the orbit where the celestial body is farthest from the Sun.
what represents the greatest distance sun to earth
aphelion