Abd ar - Rahman I founded an independent dynasty that survived until the 11th century. That line was succeeded by a variety of short and small emirates (taifas) unable to stop the push of the expansionist northern Christian kingdoms. The Almoravids (1086 - 1094) and the Almohads (1146 - 1173) occupied al - Andalus next, and the Marinids in 1269, but that could not prevent the fragmentation of Muslim - ruled territory. The last Muslim emirate, Granada, was defeated by the armies of Castile (successor to Asturias) and Aragon under Isabella and Ferdinand in 1492. The last wave of expulsions from Spain of the native population of Muslim descent took place in 1614.
who forced the umayyads out of spain by 1492
Castile