It faced and was defeated by the Allied Powers that had formed around the Triple Entente. The Powers ' origin was the alliance of Germany and Austria - Hungary in 1879. Despite having joined the alliance before, Italy refused to take part in World War I on the side of the Central Powers; the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria did not join until after World War I had begun, even though the Ottoman Empire had retained close relations with both Germany and Austria - Hungary since the beginning of the 20th century.
the nation that joined germany and austria-hungary after world war i began was
the Ottoman Empire the Ottoman Empire Bulgaria