Junior High School Curriculum
LANGUAGE ARTS – JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
The English program has been designed to prepare students for complex studies of literature in high school. The fundamentals of reading comprehension and written expression are accentuated, with special attention paid to developing the formal essay. An emphasis is placed on symbolism and analysis of text. The ability to do close reading of literary writings is stressed throughout the year.Opportunities for creative writing are provided through the use of varied writing compositions including the writing of short stories and poetry.A wide range of topics is covered over the next three years. The reading curriculum represents a variety of genres and interests. This year’s reading list invites the students to learn from social conflicts, tragedy, the art of survival, and overcoming obstacles. In addition to the Wordly Wise vocabulary workbook, much of the vocabulary studied is taken straight from our novels.This will help them to have a greater understanding of the material they will be reading.
The following four broad goals summarize the aims of the course:
A. To help students become more perceptive and skilled readers.
B. To develop fluent and proficient written expression.
C. To foster critical and conceptual thinking skills.
D. To cultivate an awareness of the beauty and value of writing and literature.
SIXTH GRADE ENGLISH
This year students will be using a workshop model for writing. This model is geared toward helping students to try new strategies in their writing and pushes them to write across a variety of genres. In addition, it will help them deepen their understanding of the writing process and skills they learned in fifth grade. In reading we will be reading novels and deepening our understanding of story elements, especially in the area of themes.
SEVENTH GRADE HONORS ENGLISH
The Seventh Grade Honors English Class is designed to give students who excel in English the opportunity to develop their skills and be challenged by course material.They will be taking the Eighth-Grade curriculum, with attention given to broadening their world views and strengthening their writing.In addition to writing skills, students will experience timeless classic novels that will challenge and engage them to prepare them for a more rigorous High School Curriculum.
EIGHTH GRADE ENGLISH
Eighth Grade ELA is designed to prepare students for High School.In addition to reading timeless classics, students will work on their writing and vocabulary skills.They will write, edit, close read, and research.These fundamental skills are enhanced and focused on throughout the year, which will prepare them for their final Capstone project.
MATHEMATICS – JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SIXTH GRADE MATHEMATICS
Students will deepen their understanding of decimals and fractions by using different
operations to solve problems. They will expand their knowledge of fractions by using
them to create and understand ratios and proportions. They will also continue using the
order of operations, adding exponents to this process. Students will expand their knowledge of rational numbers with the introduction of negative numbers. They examine the concepts of volume, area and surface area, as well as learning to convert measurements. Students begin to analyze and interpret statistical data.
SEVENTH GRADE MATHEMATICS
Students complete their development of the rational number system with the inclusion
of negative decimals and fractions. They are expected to be fluent with all operations on non-negative rational numbers, as well as being proficient with addition and subtraction of all rational numbers. The concepts of proportional reasoning and similarity will be used to solve problems. Students will explore percentage in real-world applications. Students will also locate points in any of the four quadrants on the coordinate plane and translate linear relationships in table, graph, and equation forms. Students extend their understanding of probability into multiple events. Algebraic sense also develops as students solve two-step equations in one variable.
EIGHTH GRADE MATHEMATICS
Students will become proficient in computation with all rational numbers and use proportions to solve a variety of problems. They will understand the need for precision when measuring and use derived units of measure. Students will understand the concept of distance and the relationship between distance and the Pythagorean Theorem. They will recognize three-dimensional shapes represented in two-dimensional drawings and apply transformations to geometric shapes in the coordinate plane. Eighth graders find probability of compound events and analyze bivariate data sets. They also understand recursive forms of linear and exponential relationships and solve two-step equations and inequalities.
HONORS MATHEMATICS-JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SIXTH GRADE HONORS MATH
The Junior High School Honors Math Program is designed to give students who excel in math the opportunity to develop their skills and be challenged by course material.In the Sixth Grade, students take the Seventh-Grade math course, with attention given to covering the skills needed to bridge the gap between the Fifth and Seventh Grade curricula.
The first half of the year is devoted to Algebra.To ensure mastery, a review of decimals and the place value chart is given.Students then explore negative and positive integers and rational and irrational numbers.They learn order of operations, how to write and evaluate variable expressions, and how to simplify and solve multi-step algebraic equations and inequalities.They also cover scientific notation, exponents with positive and negative bases, and negative exponents.
In the second half of the year, students delve into the relationship between decimals and fractions, and learn how to add, subtract, multiply, and divide negative and positive fractions.A unit on Coordinate Geometry follows, where students work with equations with two variables, and graph linear equations and rigid motions.The year ends with a unit on Geometry, where they explore square roots, Pythagorean Theorem, angle measurements, and pairs of angles.
SEVENTH GRADE HONORS MATH
This is a Pre-Algebra course and is designed to prepare students for Algebra 1.It builds on many of the previous course’s topics and advances them much further.
Students begin the year by exploring and learning to find the area and volume of various figures. Students then delve into translating word phrases into variable expressions, creating legends, and eventually solving word problems.They explore the properties of numbers and simplify and solve multi-step algebraic equations and inequalities with fractions and decimals.
They learn ratios, proportions, and percent, and work on becoming fluent in converting between decimals, fractions, and percent.They also explore beginning probability, and do more advanced work with scientific notation and multiplying and dividing exponents.
In the second half of the year, students explore and learn how to simplify, add, subtract, multiply, and divide fractions with variables. They also learn how to solve equations with variables on both sides of the equal sign and how to work with literal equations.
A unit on functions and graphing follows, where students learn function notation, how to transform linear equations from mx+b form into standard form, how to graph functions, and how to tell if a relation is a function.They identify and explain the relationship between the domain and range and discover how to write a rule for a linear function from both a table and a graph.Students also learn how to graph linear inequalities on the coordinate plane.
The year concludes with learning how to add, subtract, and multiply polynomials, and how to factor and find the roots of quadratic expressions.
EIGHTH GRADE HONORS MATH
Students take the 9th Grade Algebra 1 Common Core Regents course, with the goal of passing the Algebra 1 Regents at the end of Eighth Grade. This course incorporates the use of an eTextbook and a graphing calculator.
The year is broken down into four overall units:
1. The Relationship Between Quantities and Reasoning with Equations and Their Graphs, which entails working with functions, solving equations and inequalities, and creating equations and inequalities to solve word problems.
2. Linear and Exponential Functions, which covers sequences, graphing, transformation of functions, and using functions and graphs to solve problems.
3. Polynomial and Quadratic Expressions, Equations, and Functions, which delves into quadratic expressions, using different forms for quadratic functions, and function transformations and modeling.
4. Descriptive Statistics, which encompasses working with univariate and bivariate data.
Particular attention is paid to the development of understanding the language needed to dissect a question, and how to explain and justify how a problem is solved.
SCIENCE-JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SIXTH GRADE SCIENCE
In the Sixth grade, the students are introduced to the Earth as a system within the solar system. Students are introduced to the planets in the solar system and consider them in the context of their distance from the Sun and their size and composition.
This course continues with a study of plate tectonics. Students will study earthquakes, including forces in the Earth’s crust, seismic waves, and how earthquakes are monitored. They learn about the Earth’s layers, their composition, and how the Earth’s subsurface processes affect its surface features. Students learn about the properties and identification of minerals, different types of rocks, and the rock cycle.
The year concludes by studying human impact on the environment and how the use of natural resources can impact the environment.
SEVENTH GRADE SCIENCE
In the Seventh grade, students study Life Science, including human body systems, an introduction to cells and heredity, and the diversity of life.
Students will learn how we can promote the growth and development of plants and animals, and how changes in ecosystems affect interacting relationships among organisms in an area.
The year will conclude with of evidence of common ancestry and diversity and changes in organisms over time.
EIGHTH GRADE SCIENCE
In their final year of Science at LES, eighth graders will focus on Physical Science. Students will learn and be able to describe how chemical reactions can be used to describe the law of conservation of mass, how the transfer of thermal energy affects different types of matter, and how forces impact motion in our daily lives.
At the end of the year, we will focus on potential and kinetic energy as well as energy transfer in temperature. Students will be able to answer questions about how kinetic and potential energy interact in a system and how to maximize thermal energy transfer in a system.
SOCIAL STUDIES-JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SIXTH GRADE SOCIAL STUDIES
Fifth Grade approaches Social Studies as part of an integrated Humanities course. Students will study of Ancient Civilizations and the influence they have on modern times. As they learn about the Sumerians, Egyptians, Assyrians, Chaldeans, and Persians, we focus on many of the same themes and questions: How did geography influence their culture; what were their contributions to modern day architecture, engineering, and science; what was the role of religion and government; and how did their military support their efforts?
Their study of Greece and Rome dominates the second half of the year. They continue with the same themes and questions but spend additional time studying cultural contributions as they expand to language development, art, poetry, science, philosophy, and law.
SEVENTH & EIGHTH GRADE SOCIAL STUDIES
Through the use of historical reenactments, mock trials, simulations, field trips, and primary source document analysis, students learn about the most important events and movements throughout American history through the eyes of everyday Americans. Students are encouraged to think critically and understand the context of historical events by comparing multiple perspectives-European explorers and Native Americans; colonists and the British government; farmers and merchants; city dwellers and pioneers. Students are introduced to overarching themes that run throughout history and connect different historical events, moving beyond the “what?” and “when?” of history, to a greater understand of “how?” and “why?”
Grade 7 Social Studies begins with Columbus’ journeys that led up to colonial settlement. Students study the changing relationships with the colonies and England, setting the stage for the Revolutionary War. We will focus on the important battles of the war that establish a new nation and all the hardships that ensued.We familiarize ourselves with how a young inexperienced government runs a growing nation with vast regional differences.While focusing on themes of division and compromise, we set the stage for the Civil War.All of the above is achieved and learned by mock trials, battle reenactments, simulations, field trips and studying primary source documents.
Eighth grade begins with discussing the founding of our nation. Students analyze the precedents set by our founding fathers as we examine the aftermath of the Revolutionary War, and set the stage for the War of 1812 and later, the American Civil War. During our study of the Civil War, students dive into the lives of both soldiers and everyday citizens to gain a deep understanding of what life was like in both the North and the South. We explore the question, “How do you heal a wounded nation?” when learning about Reconstruction, and debate whether it was a success or a failure in accomplishing many different goals. Students get the opportunity to be a “guest lecturer”, studying an aspect of post- Civil War expansion and preparing a lesson for their classmates, working on important research and presentation skills. We explore the significant changes in our country through expansion and industrialization, laying the foundation for America looking outward to expansion overseas, and WWI. We discuss the economic growth and challenges of the Roaring 20s, and the Great Depression, and then investigate the underlying causes of WWII, highlighting American experiences throughout the War, and laying a foundation for a study of post-War America.
The year ends with a Capstone project, an interdisciplinary research project. Students choose their own research question, based on a book read by the Class in Language Arts, to investigate, gathering and synthesizing information and writing a research report. Working with an advisor, students learn how to evaluate sources, synthesize information, write a research report, and create a PowerPoint presentation to share their findings with their classmates and faculty, in an engaging presentation.
Past topics have included:
Production and consumption
Book: The Omnivore’s Dilemma
How have the lessons of WWII impacted the world today?
Book: The Good War
The causes, effects, and aftermath of The Civil Rights Movement.
Book: Just Mercy
The Impact of Immigration in the World Today.
Book: The Far Away Brothers: Two Young Migrants and the Making of an American Life
RELIGION-JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SIXTH GRADE RELIGION
The overall theme of the Sixth-Grade religion course is God’s Love in Our World.Through art, music, classroom discussions, and the reading of Bible passages, students explore the role God plays in their lives and that everyone, regardless of circumstance, is precious to God.Students’ complete homework assignments and create art projects that explore and deepen their own personal relationship with God and reinforce the concept that nothing can separate them from God’s love.
With the knowledge that God loves them unconditionally, students explore what it means to live a meaningful human life.They delve into concepts such as being peacemakers, spreading God’s love, and dealing with the conflicts that inevitably arise in their daily lives.
Students also acquire an understanding of the historical events and cultural norms that contributed to the events of the Bible.They read in detail about the birth, ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus and see how societal factors influenced the circumstances of Christ’s life. They further discuss what impact Jesus’ life has on their own.
SEVENTH GRADE RELIGION
The Seventh Grade religion course furthers explores the role of God in the life of a child in the 21st Century.Students begin by exploring who God is—their Creator, Protector, Loving Parent, Helper, and Shepherd.Through Biblical and contemporary stories, music, art projects, and writing, they then examine where God is in their lives and explore the concept that God has no limitations.They also study God’s promises, with a particular emphasis on the fact that He has a plan for their future.
Students delve into Jesus’ Sermon on the Mount and analyze what this says about their own behavior today.They also follow the Acts of the Apostles after Jesus’ resurrection and discover how the Holy Spirit transformed ordinary men into extraordinary leaders and teachers.Students then question and explore how God can affect change in their own lives.Through discussions of current events, they also examine the role of God in the world around them.
Before Christmas, the concept of The Trinity (God The Father, God The Son, and God The Holy Spirit) is introduced.With a new understanding that God Himself was born in a stable, students read the complete Christmas story.They spend time focusing on all the modern-day symbols and music of Christmas and discover the religious significance of the decorations that adorn their homes.
Similarly, later in the year they read the events of Holy Week with the new understanding that it was God who died and rose for them.They also analyze all the contemporary symbols of Easter.
The year ends with a unit on prayer, where a study of The Lord’s Prayer culminates with students translating it into modern, kid-friendly language.They discuss God’s answers to prayer, how to hear and understand His answers, and how to see prayer at work in their own lives. They are encouraged to branch out and understand that there are multiple ways to pray, and that prayer does not have to be “boring” (or even involve words!).
EIGHTH GRADE RELIGION: CHRISTIAN LIVING
The goal of the Eighth-Grade religion course is to develop in our students a sense of what it means to live their lives faithfully. Religion cannot be just stories and concepts from sacred scripture written 2,000 to 4,000 years ago. Our Christian faith needs to be lived daily and our journey through life becomes fulfilling when we are being guided by our faith. Our relationships with God and each other will be positive when our faith is applied to our real-life experiences.
The curriculum for the course is flexible. We begin by getting feedback from our students with respect to what is important to them and what is a concern for them. The lessons address these concepts and issues. We learn the difference between a debate and a discussion, and it is made clear that our class time will involve discussions, not debates. We listen to one another and learn to value each other’s opinions. There is no win/lose. The objective is growth in our faith traditions and our journey through life with God.
Students will be responsible for both in class assignments and homework that will prompt them to think about biblical concepts and apply them to their everyday life. The focus is not on intense research, but rather on assisting the students to make a practical connection between God’s guidance in scripture and the decisions we make every day.
Comparative religion is a major section in our curriculum. We study four of the world’s major religions (Buddhism, Islam, Judaism, Christianity) and discuss how each deals with significant issues such as war and peacemaking; equality between men and women; the Afterlife; social injustice; and attitudes towards other religions. The students work in groups to research and present these various issues for each religion. Each issue discussed ends with a summary of the similarities and differences between the religions and conclusions with respect to how we should live faithfully. The year concludes with a discussion regarding what topics were most meaningful to each of the students and what we learned that truly helped us to live our lives faithfully.
SPANISH-JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
New this year, Spanish is a graded class, taking into consideration the following:
Tests: at the end of each unit seen in the textbook an exam will be applied. Before the exam there will be a review of the chapter in class and the preparation for the exam.
The student should be able to understand the following parts in the exam:
-interpretive (escuchar/to listen)
-interpersonal (hablar/to talk)
-interpretive (leer/to read)
-presentational (escribir/to write)
-cultures/comparison (comparer culturas/compare cultures)
Homework: Most written/artistic work will be completed in the classroom. However, some unfinished work may need to be completed for homework.Homework assignments expected to be completed for the next class.
Effort and participation: Spanish class takes place three times a week for 45-minute blocks of time.Spanish is taught in an interactive, authentic, audio-visual way that completely engages the students in the learning of foreign languages.The primary reason we learn another language is so that we can communicate with others; therefor the students need to be active and engaged learners.
Also, for a better understanding of Spanish I would like to include technology by using free applications such as:
Autentico App (from the textbook)
Google Art and Culture App
MUSIC-JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
The Senior Choir is voluntary and is open to students in Grades 6 – 8 who want to fine-tune their musical abilities.The focus shifts to developing individual skills—proper breathing, posture, mouth position, and diction.Students learn to sing in small groups to develop two- and three-part harmony. The Senior Choir performs multiple times during the year, at Chapel Services during holidays and for special events.The year culminates with The Musicale, where they perform multiple songs from a variety of genres. This is a mandatory performance.
ART-JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
MIDDLE SCHOOL ART
Students will continue to explore traditional media of colored pencils, crayons, markers, and paint. They will study different styles of art, based on various artists. In addition, they will be introduced to string art in the forms of lanyard, cross stitch, and embroidery. Students will understand that art can be created in many forms and learn how to combine different media to create one piece of art.


Have you ever wondered why we say ‘break a leg’ instead of ‘good luck’ before someone takes the stage? Colloquialisms like these are an integral part of our everyday language and communication, giving color and character to our conversations.
So, buckle up and get ready for a linguistic adventure as we explore the captivating realm of colloquialism, unraveling the stories behind these everyday expressions that are deeply woven into the fabric of our lives.
Definition of Colloquialism
Colloquialism refers to informal language, expressions, or phrases used in everyday conversation. These expressions may vary depending on geographical regions or cultural backgrounds and are generally more relaxed compared to formal language.
While colloquial language can help people connect and communicate more naturally, it’s essential to keep in mind that colloquialisms might be unfamiliar or confusing to some audiences, especially non-native speakers or those from different cultural backgrounds.
|ain’t||am not / is not / are not|
|g’day||hello / good day|
|hang out||to casually spend time together|
|break a leg||good luck|
Origin of Colloquialism
Colloquialism can be traced back to the early forms of human communication. The origin of these informal expressions is often rooted in regional dialects, social culture, or the need for a more casual way of expressing oneself.
Over time, common expressions and phrases within a community become colloquial, reflecting the unique culture of that particular group.
As languages evolve and societies interact, colloquialisms often shift or change their meaning. Some colloquial expressions may become widely understood and accepted in a mainstream language, while others may fade into obscurity or become outdated.
The use of colloquial language can greatly vary between countries and even within different regions of the same country. This linguistic diversity reflects the unique social and cultural contexts in which colloquialisms emerge.
Common Characteristics of Colloquialism
Colloquialism is a distinctive element in everyday speech, showcasing the informal nature and regional variations within a language. It is characterized by the following features:
- Informality: Colloquialisms are informal expressions, often used in casual conversations among friends and family.
- Regionalism: They vary depending on geographical regions, reflecting the unique dialects, slang, and expressions of specific areas.
- Context-dependent: The meaning of a colloquialism often relies on the context in which it is used, and it may not be understood by speakers of other regional dialects.
- Dynamic nature: Colloquialism evolves constantly, with some expressions falling out of use while new ones emerge.
Here are some unique examples of colloquialisms from various English-speaking regions:
|United States||y’all||you all (plural form of ‘you’)|
|Australia||fair dinkum||genuine, honest, true|
|United Kingdom||blimey||an exclamation of surprise|
|Ireland||grand||fine, okay, good|
|Canada||loonie||the Canadian one-dollar coin|
Bear in mind that the use of colloquialisms in formal writing and professional settings should be avoided, as it can create confusion or misunderstandings among readers who are not familiar with these regional expressions.
Colloquialism vs Formal Language
When we communicate with others, it’s essential to understand the context in which we use colloquial or formal language. The situation, audience, and purpose of the communication are critical factors in determining which type of language is most appropriate.
For example, when participating in a casual conversation with friends, colloquial language is commonly used. This type of language feels more natural and allows for more relaxed interaction.
On the other hand, when writing a formal document or giving a professional presentation, formal language is expected to convey information in a structured and clear manner.
Here are more examples of colloquialism:
|bail||to leave suddenly or abandon a situation|
|gobsmacked||astonished or extremely surprised|
|dodgy||suspicious or of low quality|
|chill out||calm down or relax|
|catch some Zs||to go sleep|
Remember, understanding the context and audience is crucial in determining whether to use colloquial or formal language. Be mindful of the situation and adapt your language accordingly for effective communication.
Purpose of Colloquial Language
Colloquial language serves a multitude of purposes in communication, writing, and everyday life. Its main functions include:
Colloquialisms often indicate an informal setting or conversation among peers, friends, or family members. They create a relaxed tone and make communication more approachable and engaging. For example:
- Wanna instead of Want to
- Gonna instead of Going to
- Y’all instead of You all
Establishing Character Voice
In literature and other forms of written work, colloquial language helps to define and develop a character’s voice, making them more relatable and authentic. For instance:
- “I ain’t got no time for that.”
- “She dunno where he’s gone.”
These sentences use colloquialisms to create a distinct personality for a character, giving them depth and individuality.
Creating Cultural Resonance
Colloquial language can establish a connection between cultural backgrounds and shared experiences. Regional dialects and slang terms often have unique colloquialisms that resonate with people from specific locations or communities. Some examples include:
|Colloquial Expression||Place of Origin||Meaning|
|“He’s a fair dinkum bloke.”||Australia||“He’s a genuine person.”|
|“That’s sound.”||United Kingdom||“That’s good.”|
|“She’s hella cool!”||California||“She’s very cool!”|
By incorporating these distinct expressions, colloquial language forms a cultural bond and provides a sense of belonging among its speakers.
Regional and Cultural Variations
Colloquialisms often vary significantly between different regions and cultures, helping to define and distinguish the unique linguistic identity of each area. These colloquial expressions can provide insight into the customs, history, and values of a particular group of people.
For instance, in the United States, there are colloquialisms specific to certain states or regions, such as “y’all” in the South, “you betcha” in the Midwest, and “wicked” in the New England area. Each of these expressions is unique to its respective region and not commonly used outside those areas.
In the United Kingdom, colloquial language often varies significantly even within the same country. For example, someone in London might refer to a friend as “mate,” while someone from Scotland might use “pal” or “chum.” These differences in colloquialisms give a sense of identity and belonging to the people of each region.
Here are some examples of colloquial expressions from different countries and cultures:
|Colloquial Expression||Place of Origin||Meaning|
|wee||Scotland||small / little|
|chuffed||United Kingdom||pleased / satisfied|
|toque||Canada||knitted cap / beanie|
Note that colloquial expressions may be subject to change over time due to various factors like globalization, internet communication, and cultural exchange. This dynamic nature of colloquial language makes it an important and fascinating aspect of linguistic studies.
Usage of Colloquialisms
Colloquialisms are informal expressions or phrases which are often used in everyday communication. They can be found in various contexts, such as conversations, writing, media, and songs.
Colloquialisms are most commonly used in casual conversations, as they help to convey a familiar and friendly tone. These expressions can vary depending on the speaker’s geographical location or cultural background. Some examples include:
|What’s up?||How are you?|
|My bad||My mistake / I apologize|
Although colloquialisms are used more frequently in speech, they can still be found in writing, particularly in informal contexts such as personal letters, emails, text messages, or social media posts. These expressions can create a more casual and relatable tone. Examples include:
|LOL||Laughing out loud (expressing amusement)||“That video you shared was hilarious, LOL!”|
|DM||Direct message||“Can you DM me the details of the party?”|
|TL;DR||Too long; didn’t read (summarizing lengthy content)||“TL;DR: The article discusses the pros and cons of remote work.”|
|IRL||In real life (refers to offline experiences)||“I’m excited to meet my online friends IRL next month.”|
|ICYMI||In case you missed it||“ICYMI, here’s the link to the article I mentioned earlier.”|
|FOMO||Fear of missing out||“I’m stuck at work, but I have major FOMO about the concert tonight.”|
|TBT||Throwback Thursday (sharing nostalgic content)||“TBT to our amazing trip to Hawaii last year!”|
Colloquialisms are often used in media, such as television shows, movies, and advertisements, to make the content more relatable and engaging for the audience. By using familiar phrases, the viewers or listeners can better understand and connect with the characters or situations being portrayed.
Examples of colloquialisms in media might be:
|Binge-watch||To watch multiple episodes of a TV show in succession||“This weekend, I’m going to binge-watch the new season of my favorite series.”|
|Chick flick||A movie that appeals primarily to a female audience, often focusing on romance||“Let’s have a girls’ night and watch a classic chick flick.”|
|Blockbuster||A highly successful movie or film||“The latest superhero movie is expected to be a summer blockbuster.”|
|Cliffhanger||An ending that leaves the audience in suspense||“The season finale ended on a cliffhanger; now I can’t wait for the next season!”|
|Spoiler alert||A warning that a crucial plot detail is about to be revealed||“Spoiler alert: The protagonist’s best friend is the real villain.”|
|Primetime||The time when television or radio programs have the most viewers or listeners, typically in the evening||“The new drama series will air during prime time to attract a wider audience.”|
|Going viral||Becoming extremely popular and widely shared on the internet in a short period||“The video of the dancing cat quickly went viral, amassing millions of views.”|
|Meme||An image, video, or phrase, often humorous, that is spread widely on the internet||“The latest meme features a dog wearing sunglasses and the caption ‘Deal with it.'”|
Many songwriters use colloquialisms in their lyrics to create a more informal and relatable tone, often reflecting the themes and emotions they are trying to convey. This can help listeners connect with the message of the song on a deeper level. Examples of colloquial expressions in songs may include:
|Colloquial Expression||Meaning||Example in a Song|
|Gimme||give me||“Gimme! Gimme! Gimme! (A Man After Midnight)” by ABBA|
|Kinda||kind of||“She’s Kinda Hot” by 5 Seconds of Summer|
|Ya||you||“Ya Hey” by Vampire Weekend|
|C’mon||come on (expression of encouragement)||“C’mon Everybody” by Eddie Cochran|
|Whatcha||what are you||“Whatcha Say” by Jason Derulo|
|Lemme||let me||“Lemme Get That” by Rihanna|
|Dunno||don’t know||“Dunno” by Mac Miller|
|Bout||about||“Something ‘Bout Love” by David Archuleta|
Examples of Colloquialisms
In this section, we will explore various types of colloquialisms in English language through distinct categories such as common phrases, colloquial metaphors, pop culture references, and advertising and marketing. These examples help demonstrate how colloquial language is employed in everyday speech and writing.
These are everyday expressions or sayings that are informal and often specific to certain regions or groups of people. Some examples include:
|What’s the big deal?||What is the problem or issue?||“So, he was late to the meeting. What’s the big deal?”|
|Cut to the chase||get to the point / skip unnecessary details||“We don’t have much time, so let’s cut to the chase.”|
|Hit the road||to leave / to start a journey||“We should hit the road early to avoid traffic.”|
|Down to the wire||at the last minute / with very little time to spare||“The game went down to the wire before the final shot determined the winner.”|
|Go the extra mile||to put in extra effort / to do more than required||“She always goes the extra mile for her clients, making sure they’re satisfied.”|
|In the same boat||in a similar situation / facing the same challenges||“We’re all in the same boat; we need to work together to find a solution.”|
|Keep your chin up||stay positive / remain hopeful||“I know it’s tough, but keep your chin up. Things will get better.”|
|On the same page||having the same understanding / agreeing on something||“Before we move forward, let’s make sure we’re all on the same page.”|
Colloquial metaphors are informal and imaginative ways to describe something, often employing exaggeration or humor. Here are a few examples:
|Raining cats and dogs||raining heavily||“I forgot my umbrella, and it’s raining cats and dogs outside.”|
|Bite the bullet||to face a difficult or unpleasant situation||“I don’t want to confront her, but I need to bite the bullet and tell her the truth.”|
|The ball is in your court||it’s your decision / it’s your responsibility now||“I’ve given you my opinion; now, the ball is in your court.”|
|Break the ice||to initiate a conversation / to ease social tension||“I’ll tell a joke to break the ice before starting the presentation.”|
|Burn your bridges||to destroy a relationship or opportunity||“Don’t burn your bridges with your old employer; you never know when you might need their help.”|
|Bury the hatchet||to make peace / to put past conflicts behind||“It’s time to bury the hatchet and move forward as a team.”|
|Throw someone under the bus||to betray someone / to make someone take the blame||“I know it’s tough, but keep your chin up. Things will get better.”|
|Put all your eggs in one basket||to rely on one option / to risk everything on a single opportunity||“Don’t put all your eggs in one basket; apply for multiple jobs to increase your chances.”|
Pop Culture References
Pop culture references are colloquial expressions that originate from movies, TV shows, music, and other popular culture sources. Some examples are:
|May the Force be with you (From Star Wars)||good luck / best wishes||Fans often use this phrase to wish each other well or to express support.|
|Bazinga! (popularized by Sheldon Cooper on The Big Bang Theory)||gotcha! / burn!||When someone pulls a prank or makes a clever joke, they might say “Bazinga!” to emphasize the humor.|
|Netflix and chill||to watch Netflix and relax (often with romantic or sexual connotations)||“We don’t have any plans tonight, so we might just Netflix and chill.”|
|On fleek||perfect / on point (popularized on social media and used to describe appearances, particularly eyebrows)||“Your outfit is on fleek today!”|
|Squad goals||aspirational friendship goals (often used to describe a close-knit group of friends)||“Did you see their vacation photos? Total squad goals.”|
|Ship||to support a romantic relationship between two characters or people (derived from the word “relationship”)||“I ship those two so much. They’d make a perfect couple.”|
|Slay||to excel / to succeed greatly (popularized in various contexts, including fashion, performances, and achievements)||“Her performance last night was incredible. She slayed!”|
|That’s what she said (popularized by Michael Scott on The Office)||a double entendre implying sexual innuendo||“I can’t believe it’s so big!” “That’s what she said.”|
Advertising and Marketing
In advertising and marketing, colloquial language is often used to create catchy slogans or phrases for products and services. For instance:
|Got milk?||A popular ad campaign by the California Milk Processor Board encouraging milk consumption||This slogan uses a colloquial question to make the advertisement more memorable and relatable.|
|Just do it||Nike’s iconic slogan encouraging customers to take action||The informal language of this slogan creates a sense of empowerment and motivation.|
|I’m lovin’ it||McDonald’s famous tagline expressing enjoyment of their food||Using a colloquial verb form (“lovin'” instead of “loving”) makes the tagline more catchy and approachable.|
|Finger-lickin’ good||KFC’s slogan describing their chicken as delicious and irresistible||The colloquial phrase “finger-lickin'” adds a playful and informal tone to the advertisement.|
|Gotta catch ’em all||The Pokémon franchise’s slogan encourages players to collect all the Pokémon||The colloquial phrase “gotta” (meaning “got to”) creates a sense of urgency and excitement for players.|
|Where’s the beef?||A popular ad campaign by Wendy’s, questioning the quality and quantity of competitors’ hamburgers||This colloquial question adds humor and informality to the advertisement, making it more memorable.|
|Think different||Apple’s iconic slogan encouraging customers to embrace innovation and creativity||The grammatically incorrect, colloquial phrase “think different” adds emphasis and makes the slogan stand out.|
|Because you’re worth it||L’Oréal’s famous tagline suggesting that their products are deserving of customers’ investment||The informal, conversational tone of this tagline creates a personal connection with consumers.|
These examples illustrate how colloquialisms pervade various aspects of our language, making communication more relatable, engaging, and expressive.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Colloquialisms
Colloquialisms can bring a sense of comfort and familiarity to conversations, as they often represent a shared understanding of informal language among speakers. This can help to create a warm, engaging atmosphere in communication.
For example, the colloquialism “break a leg” is a lighthearted, informal way to wish someone good luck in their performance.
Using colloquial language can also provide a more accurate representation of a character’s voice, thoughts, or background in storytelling. This can make dialogue feel more authentic and relatable.
An example of a colloquial expression in storytelling might be, “He was grinning from ear to ear.” This paints a vivid image in the reader’s mind, effectively conveying the character’s happiness.
Despite the benefits of using colloquial language, there are some drawbacks to consider. In some cases, colloquialisms may be difficult for non-native speakers or those less familiar with the informal language to understand. For instance, the colloquial phrase “raining cats and dogs” might be confusing to someone who has never encountered it before.
Overusing colloquial expressions can be perceived as unprofessional or inappropriate in certain settings, such as formal writing or business communication. For example, saying “I’m gonna hit the hay” instead of “I’m going to sleep” might appear too casual in a professional context.
Colloquial expressions can sometimes vary across regions or cultures, which can lead to misunderstandings if a phrase is not universally recognized. For example, the colloquialism “bless your cotton socks” may be well known in certain parts of the UK but unfamiliar to those from other English-speaking countries.
Significance of Colloquialism
Colloquialisms add color and personality to a language, making it feel more relatable and familiar to native speakers. These expressions also convey the culture and customs of a particular region or group of people.
Understanding colloquial language can be a crucial part of learning any new language. It allows learners to connect with native speakers and gain a deeper understanding of the nuances of the language. It also helps the language feel more natural and less formal, making it more enjoyable to learn and speak.
Colloquialisms can play a significant role in effective communication, as they often express ideas and emotions more concisely and vividly than formal language. They can also help establish rapport and trust between the speaker and listener, further enhancing the overall communication experience.
In Everyday Life
Colloquial language is an integral part of everyday life, as it helps people express themselves more easily and naturally. It also makes communication faster, more efficient, and more engaging.
Authors often use colloquial language in their works to create authentic dialogue and characters, making the story more engaging and relatable for readers. Colloquialisms can contribute to the development of a character’s voice and provide insight into their background and culture.
Classic examples include the colloquial language used by Mark Twain in “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” and Harper Lee’s use of southern dialect in “To Kill a Mockingbird.”
Difference Between Colloquialism, Slang, and Jargon
Colloquialism, slang, and jargon are all informal language expressions, but they have different characteristics and are used in different contexts. Understanding the distinctions between these three linguistic features can help avoid confusion and improve communication.
Colloquialism refers to informal expressions that are specific to a particular region, social group, or culture. These phrases are generally understood by native speakers but may not be familiar to those who are not part of the respective community.
Slang is characterized by its informality and is often used by specific social groups to distinguish themselves or convey membership. Slang terms can become outdated quickly, and new terms continually emerge.
Jargon is a specialized language used by professionals, experts, or those with specific knowledge within a field. It is often employed to communicate information efficiently and precisely, but it can be challenging for outsiders to comprehend.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does generation gap affect Colloquialism?
Yes, generation gaps can affect colloquialism. Language and expressions often change over time, and different generations might have unique colloquialisms that the others may not understand. This can create misunderstandings or confusion between generations when they communicate.
Here are some examples of colloquialisms unique to specific generations:
Baby boomers: “Far out” (meaning impressive or amazing)
Generation X: “As if” (meaning disbelief or sarcasm)
Millennials: “On fleek” (meaning perfectly done or styled)
Generation Z: “Lit” (meaning exciting or amazing)
It’s important to recognize that these examples are not absolute, and individuals from one generation might still understand and use phrases from another generation. However, such discrepancies in language can contribute to the perceived generation gap.
Are colloquialisms considered improper language?
Colloquialisms are not inherently improper; they are simply informal expressions that reflect the culture and history of a specific region or group. However, it’s essential to use them judiciously and be mindful of the context in which they are used.
Colloquialisms may not be appropriate in formal writing or professional settings, but they can add color and authenticity to casual conversations.
How do colloquialisms contribute to linguistic diversity?
Colloquialisms contribute to linguistic diversity by reflecting the unique characteristics, history, and culture of different regions and communities. These expressions serve as linguistic markers, highlighting variations in vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation within a language.
By enriching language with local flavor and context, colloquialisms celebrate the dynamic nature of human communication and demonstrate the wide range of ways people express themselves across the globe.
Colloquialisms are informal expressions unique to specific regions, communities, or social groups, enriching language with cultural and historical context. While they can add color and familiarity to speech, they may be challenging for non-native speakers to understand.
Recognizing and appreciating colloquialisms helps deepen one’s linguistic knowledge and fosters a sense of belonging within a community. By using them judiciously, we can create engaging and authentic communication that bridges linguistic gaps and celebrates the diversity of human expression.
We are sorry that this post was not useful for you!
Let us improve this post!
Tell us how we can improve this post?


You are invited to download the spring and summer picture cards for sorting with ten types of insects and ten types of flowers – learning printables for preschool and kindergarten children. Use this resource with photographs to create hands-on spring and summer activities for your students.
I’ve always been fascinated by insects. There are so many different kinds, each with its own unique characteristics and behaviors. Some are beautiful, like the butterflies and dragonflies, while others are a bit creepy, like spiders and centipedes. But no matter how you feel about them, there’s no denying that insects play an important role in our ecosystem. They pollinate plants, help break down dead matter, and provide food for other animals. And while some insects can be pests, most are harmless and even beneficial.
I absolutely love spring flowers! There’s something so magical about watching the world come to life after a long, cold winter. I especially enjoy seeing all of the different types of flowers that bloom during this time of year. From daffodils and tulips to cherry blossoms and hyacinths, each flower is unique and beautiful in its own way. I also love how the vibrant colors of spring flowers can instantly brighten up any space.
Flowers Hands-on Activities
- Flower dissection: Children can explore the different parts of a flower by dissecting one. They can learn about the different functions of each part like petals, sepals, stamen, and pistil.
- Flower matching game: This activity involves matching different types of flowers to their names and characteristics. It can help children learn about the different colors, shapes, and sizes of flowers.
- Flower color wheel: Children can make a color wheel using different colored flowers. They can learn about primary colors, secondary colors, and complementary colors.
- A large piece of white paper or poster board
- Different colored flowers such as daisies, roses, and pansies
- Cut out a circle from the center of the white paper or poster board using scissors. This will be the base of your color wheel.
- Divide the circle into six equal sections using a pencil and a ruler. These sections will represent the six main colors of the color wheel – red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and purple.
- Start with the primary colors – red, yellow, and blue. Choose flowers that represent these colors and glue them onto the corresponding sections on the circle. For example, use red roses for the red section, yellow daisies for the yellow section, and blue pansies for the blue section.
- Next, move on to the secondary colors – orange, green, and purple. These colors are created by mixing two primary colors together. Use flowers that represent these colors and glue them onto the corresponding sections on the circle. For example, use orange marigolds for the orange section (mixed red and yellow), green carnations for the green section (mixed yellow and blue), and purple irises for the purple section (mixed red and blue).
- Finally, add complementary colors to the color wheel. These are colors that are opposite each other on the color wheel and often look good together. For example, red and green, blue and orange, and yellow and purple. Choose flowers in these colors and glue them onto opposite sides of the color wheel. For example, use red roses and green carnations on opposite sides of the circle.
- Once all the flowers are glued onto the color wheel, allow it to dry completely. Then, display the color wheel for children to see. You can use this as a teaching tool to help children learn about primary colors, secondary colors, and complementary colors.
- Smelling flowers: Children can be introduced to different scents by smelling different flowers. They can also learn about pollination and the role of flowers in helping bees and other insects.
- Pressed flower art: Children can press flowers and make art using them. This activity can help them learn about the properties of flowers and how they change when pressed.
- Growing flowers: Children can plant seeds and observe the growth of flowers. They can learn about the different stages of a plant’s life cycle and how to care for plants.
- Flower petal counting: Children can count the petals on different flowers. This activity can help them with early math skills like counting and number recognition.
- Flower color sorting: Children can sort flowers by color. This activity can help them learn about categorization and color recognition.
- Flower sensory bin: Children can explore flowers using a sensory bin filled with flower petals, stems, and leaves. This activity can help them with sensory development and exploration.
- Flower nature walk: Children can take a walk in nature and observe different flowers. They can learn about the different types of flowers that grow in their environment and their role in the ecosystem.
- Flower arranging: Children can practice their fine motor skills by arranging flowers in a vase or pot. This activity can also help them learn about the different shapes and sizes of flowers.
- Paper flower-making: Children can make paper flowers using different colors and shapes of paper. This activity can help them with creativity and motor skills.
- Flower counting and graphing: Children can count the number of different flowers they see on a nature walk. They can then use this data to make a graph and analyze the results.
- Flower tag: Children can play a game of tag where one child is “it” and chases other children who pretend to be different types of flowers. This activity can help them learn about different types of flowers and their characteristics.
- Flower symmetry activity: Children can use pieces of flower petals to create symmetric shapes. This activity can help them learn about symmetry and patterns.
- Flower measurement: Children can measure the height of different flowers using a ruler or a measuring tape. This activity can help them with early math skills like measuring and estimating.
- Flower storytelling: Children can create a story about a flower’s life cycle, starting from a seedling to a fully grown flower. This activity can help them with language development and storytelling.
- Flower scavenger hunt: Children can go on a scavenger hunt to find different types of flowers in their environment. This activity can help them with observational skills and learning about their surroundings.
- Flower sensory bottle: Children can create a sensory bottle using flower petals, water, and glitter. This activity can help them with sensory exploration and observation skills.
- Flower color mixing: Children can mix different colored flowers to create new hues. This activity can help them learn about color theory and mixing.
- Make insects and flowers using playdough to point out the difference between the two types of living things.
- Gather binoculars next time you go outdoors and invite the children to observe different types of flowers and crawling creatures.
- Gather Safari TOOB figurines and invite the children to sort them into two groups.
- Explore the most commonly found insects and flowers found in your area – make a poster with your students.
- Discuss in a small group all the different ways children can protect animals and plants in their natural habitat.
Insect hands-on activities
- Observing and classifying insects: Collect different types of insects and place them in a magnifying jar. Have the children observe and describe the insects using a magnifying glass. Encourage them to categorize the insects based on their characteristics such as wings, legs, color, and size.
- Insect life cycle: Teach preschoolers about the life cycle of insects. Start by introducing them to the concept of metamorphosis. Show them pictures or real examples of different insect life cycles, such as butterflies, ants, or ladybugs. Provide materials for the children to create their own life cycle charts or dioramas.
- Insect anatomy matching: Create small cards or pictures of different insect body parts (e.g., head, thorax, abdomen, antenna, legs, etc.). Provide the preschoolers with insect models or pictures and have them match the body parts to the corresponding images.
- DIY insect habitat: Set up a small terrarium or bug box for the preschoolers to observe insects up close. Use natural materials like soil, leaves, rocks, and twigs. Encourage the children to find insects and place them in the habitat temporarily. Discuss the insects’ needs for food, water, and shelter.
Find a suitable container: Look for a small plastic or glass container, such as a jar or a small plastic terrarium, that has a lid or a screen top with holes for ventilation.
Add a layer of soil: Place a layer of soil at the bottom of the container. You can use potting soil or collect some soil from the yard or park.
Add natural materials: Add natural materials like leaves, rocks, and twigs. These materials will provide shelter, hiding places, and climbing surfaces for the insects.
Add water: Add a small amount of water to the soil. Be careful not to add too much, as this could make the habitat too damp and unhealthy for the insects.
Find insects: Encourage the preschoolers to find insects in the yard or park and place them in the habitat. Make sure the children handle the insects gently and don’t harm them.
Observe the insects: Have the children observe and describe the insects they find. Discuss the insects’ needs for food, water, and shelter, and how they use the natural materials in the habitat to survive.
Release the insects: After a short period of observation, release the insects back into their natural habitat. Remind the children to always handle insects with care and respect.
By setting up a small terrarium or bug box and observing insects up close, preschoolers can learn about the natural world around them and develop an appreciation for the beauty and diversity of insects.
Choose safe insects: Make sure the insects you choose are safe for the children to handle and observe. Avoid insects that may sting, bite, or carry diseases.
Provide food: Some insects may require specific food to survive. For example, ladybugs feed on aphids. Research what insects you plan to observe and provide appropriate food sources.
Use a magnifying glass: Provide a magnifying glass for the children to use to observe the insects up close. This will help them see details they may not have noticed otherwise.
Keep the habitat clean: Regularly clean the habitat to prevent mold or bacteria from growing. Replace the soil and natural materials as needed. Setting up a small terrarium or bug box is a fun and educational activity for preschoolers. It allows them to observe insects up close, learn about their needs, and develop an understanding of the natural world around them.
- Bug hunt: Take the preschoolers on an outdoor bug hunt to collect insects in a safe and supervised environment. Provide them with magnifying glasses or bug catchers. After the bug hunt, discuss the children’s findings, and encourage them to reflect on the types of insects they found and why they might be present in certain habitats.
- Insect sensory exploration: Set up different sensory stations related to insects. For example, you could create a touch-and-feel station with different textures mimicking insects’ wings or body parts. Another station could have scented items related to insects’ favorite flowers or foods. Encourage the children to explore and discuss their sensory experiences.
- Insect-themed art: Provide art materials such as paints, crayons, paper, and glue. Invite the preschoolers to create insect-inspired artwork. They could draw or paint their favorite insects or create collages using pictures of insects from magazines.
- Insect-inspired gardening: Incorporate insects into gardening activities by planting flowers that attract butterflies or creating a butterfly garden. Discuss the role of insects as pollinators and their importance in the ecosystem.
Remember to always prioritize the safety and well-being of the children during these activities, and ensure proper supervision when handling live insects.
Flowers and Insects Soring Printable
This resource will come in handy if you are planning to explore meadow habitat in your Montessori and early childhood classroom.
Print on card stock and laminate for longer use. After cutting cards, draw with a marker or stick dot stickers to the back of each set – one color for each set. Place the label cards in a row. Explain the difference between the two types of living things. Invite the child to sort cards into two categories.
After the child completed the task, invite him or her to flip the cards and self-check. Each card has to be under the correct category based on the dot color.
Young children can be encouraged to match the cards when printed twice and draw the insects and flowers they like the most using their choice of art medium.
Older children might be inspired to research and create their own books about wildflowers and insects native to your area.
Free Printables Designed by Montessori Nature
- Free Resource Library
- Singular And Plural Nouns: Montessori Free Sorting Printable For Teaching Kids The Difference
- Boost Your Students Literacy Skills With Fun And Creative Cards Featuring Compound Words
- Animals and Their Homes Free Printable
- Geoboard Task Cards Free Math Summer Printable
- Signs Of Summer In Nature Free Printables Posters Student Booklets
- Get Sorting With These Free Fall-Themed Printable Activities For Kids – Made By Humans And Made By Nature Sort
- All About Me Printable Freebie
- Signs of Spring in Nature
- Parts of a Plant Sorting
- Birthday Timeline Printable
- Animals of Continents Sort Editable Labels
- Fall Into Learning Fun With Autumn-Themed Geoboard Cards Free Printable For Kids
- Letter A Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter D Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter E Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter F Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter G Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter B Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter C Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter H Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter i Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter J Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter K Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter L Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter M Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter N Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter O Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter P Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter Q Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter R Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter S Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter U Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter T Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter W Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter V Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter Y Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter X Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Letter Z Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Double Letters CH Digraph Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Double Letters SH Digraph Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Double Letters Th Digraph Student Activity Page Phonics Language Printable
- Double Letters ‘OO’ Vowel Digraph
- ‘ER’ Digraph Student Activity Page Phonics Language Printable
- ‘OR’ Digraph Student Activity Page Phonics Language Printable
- Double Letters ‘EE’ Vowel Digraph Student Activity Page Phonics Language Printable
- Double Letters ‘NG’ Digraph Student Activity Page Phonics Free Language Printable
- Made By Nature Made By Humans Sorting
- My Word Of The Year New Year Free Printable
- Physical And Chemical Changes Pairing Fine Motor With Pegs
- Christmas Playdough Mats
- Christmas 3 Part Cards
- Christmas Matching Fine Motor With Pegs
- 10 Deciduous Trees And 10 Coniferous Trees Sorting Cards
- Fall Playdough Mats
- Christmas in Australia
- Free DIY Art Puzzles Coloring Pages Printables – Silent Night by Viggo Johansen
- Signs of Winter
- Matching Fine Motor With Pegs The Nutcracker Free Christmas printable
- Free DIY Puzzles And Coloring Pages – Raphael The Sistine Madonna
- Fall Leaf Shapes Match Up With Pegs
- Animal Hibernation & Torpor Cards
- 10 Farm Cards And 10 Forest Sorting Cards
- Pairing Fine Motor With Pegs – Thankful Animals
- Types Of Apples
- Fall Prewriting Practice – Free Fine Motor Printable
- Free DIY Puzzles And Coloring Pages – Paul Cezanne Still Life Painting Curtain, Jug And Fruit Bowl
- Fall Pin Punching And Tracing Cards
- Fall Match Up Initial Sounds With Pegs
- Fall Match Up Rhyming Words With Pegs
- Fall Leaves And Fall Flowers
- Fall Match Up Opposites With Pegs
- 10 Types Of Vertebrates And 10 Types Of Invertebrates Fall Printable
- 10 Types of Insects and 10 Types of Flowers Sort
- Fall Match Up With Pegs
- Types Of Exotic Apples 3-Part Cards, Posters, Student Booklet
- 10 Types Of Edible And 10 Types Of Poisonous Mushrooms
- Signs Of Fall – Free Printables, Posters, Cards, Student Booklets
- Woodland Animals Poster Match Up Cards
- 10 Types Of Mammals And 10 Types Of Birds In Autumn
- Color, Cut Out, Build, And Label The Ant
- Color, Cut Out, Build, And Label The Fish
- Gemstones 3 Part Cards
- Wild Animal Families Puzzles And Cards
- Forest Matching Cards – Free Nature Printable
- Beach Poster, Match Up Cards – Free Printables
- Whale Size Comparison Poster, Match Up Cards
- DIY Puzzles And Coloring Pages – Vincent Van Gogh Vase With Twelve Sunflowers
- 10 Types Of Vertebrates And 10 Types Of Invertebrates
- Coral Reef Animals Poster, Match Up Cards
- 10 Types Of Terrestrial Mammals And 10 Types Of Marine Mammals – Free Summer Printable
- 10 Types Of Butterflies And 10 Types Of Ladybugs – Free Sorting Printable
- Skip Counting Student Helper Posters And Worksheets s
- Number Tracing And Formation Activity
- Sums With Bead Bars – Clip Cards And Worksheets With Teen Numbers
- Addition Clip Cards
- Number Bonds – Addition With Bead Bars Sums Of 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, And 10
- Place Value Mats, Task Cards, And Tracing Worksheets
- Gemstones – Posters And Matching Cards
- Nature Journal
- Valentine’s Day Coloring
- Geoboard Task Cards
- Free One Week Planner For Preschool Children With Low Prep Hands-On Activities
- Free Montessori Baby And Toddler Printable Materials
- DIY Winter Puzzles And Art Activities – Painting “The Starry Night” By Vincent Van Gogh
- Winter Animals
- Arctic Animals
- DIY Winter Puzzles And Art Activities – Painting “Maslenitsa” By Boris Kustodiev
- Butterflies And Moths Sort
- Types Of Flowers Match Up
- Silent E Learning To Read Cards
- Addition And Subtraction Cards – Single Digits
- Animals In Spring – Activities, Resources, And Free Printables
- Multiplication Charts
- Lined Writing Paper Handwriting Practice
- Nocturnal And Diurnal Animals Sort
- Viviparous And Oviparous Animals Sort
- Mothers And Their Young Animals Sort
- Constellations And Planets Sort
- Farm Animal Families Puzzles
- The Earth Goes Around The Sun – Free Geography Printable
- Tulip Life Cycle And Parts Of A Tulip
- Doing Montessori At Home With Your Baby ( 7 – 9 Mo ) Free Printable Checklist


Access a collection of 101 printable PDF worksheets focusing on the English grammar topic of the this that these those.
Download fill-in-the-blank tests with exercises and answer keys for demonstrative pronouns (this/that/these/those) to print for free.
The activities in the sheets are suitable for kids, adults, ESL learners at the beginner, elementary, and intermediate levels to practice English grammar.
1. Introduction to Demonstrative Pronouns
In the vast landscape of English grammar, demonstrative pronouns play a vital role in helping us identify and specify objects in both spoken and written language. Demonstrative pronouns, which include "this," "that," "these," and "those," are indispensable tools for effective communication. In this comprehensive essay, we will explore the intricacies of demonstrative pronouns, examining their grammar, usage, and relevance in learning English.
2. Understanding Demonstrative Pronouns in English
Demonstrative pronouns are a subset of pronouns, a category of words that replace nouns in sentences to avoid repetition and enhance clarity. Demonstrative pronouns serve a unique function: they point to or identify specific objects or groups of objects in the context of a conversation or text. In English, the primary demonstrative pronouns are "this," "that," "these," and "those."
Unlike other pronouns like "he," "she," "it," "they," which refer to people or things without specifying their proximity or location, demonstrative pronouns provide precision by indicating whether the object is singular or plural and whether it is near or far from the speaker.
3. Demonstrative Pronouns vs. Demonstrative Adjectives
Before diving into the role and usage of demonstrative pronouns, it's essential to distinguish them from demonstrative adjectives. Demonstrative pronouns stand alone and replace nouns, while demonstrative adjectives modify nouns by providing more information about them.
Let's clarify the difference with examples:
I want this. (Here, "this" replaces the noun, e.g., "book.")
Those are mine. (Here, "those" replaces the noun, e.g., "shoes.")
I want this book. (Here, "this" modifies the noun "book.")
Those shoes are mine. (Here, "those" modifies the noun "shoes.")
4. The Role of Demonstrative Pronouns
Demonstrative pronouns serve several crucial roles in English grammar:
Pointing and Identifying: Demonstrative pronouns are used to point to or identify specific objects or groups of objects in a sentence or conversation.
Replacing Nouns: They replace nouns to avoid repetition and make sentences more concise and clear.
Indicating Proximity: Demonstrative pronouns help convey whether the object being referred to is near or far from the speaker.
Enhancing Clarity: They add precision to sentences by specifying which object is being discussed.
Providing Context: Demonstrative pronouns offer context by highlighting which items or ideas are currently relevant or under discussion.
5. Grammar and Usage of Demonstrative Pronouns
Demonstrative pronouns in English come in four forms: "this," "that," "these," and "those." Each form corresponds to specific conditions regarding the number (singular or plural) and the proximity (near or far) of the object being referred to.
Let's delve into the grammar and usage of each demonstrative pronoun:
6. This and That: Singular Demonstrative Pronouns
"This" is used as a singular demonstrative pronoun to refer to a singular object or an idea that is nearby, either physically or in the discussion.
This is my favorite book.
Can you pass me this pen?
I can't believe this happened.
"That" is also a singular demonstrative pronoun, but it refers to a singular object or an idea that is farther away, either physically or in the discussion.
That building is historic.
Who owns that beautiful car?
I heard that you're moving to a new city.
7. These and Those: Plural Demonstrative Pronouns
"These" is the plural form of the demonstrative pronoun used to refer to multiple objects or ideas that are nearby, either physically or in the discussion.
These are my keys.
These books are on sale.
I'm trying these new recipes for dinner tonight.
"Those" is the plural demonstrative pronoun that refers to multiple objects or ideas that are farther away, either physically or in the discussion.
Those birds are migrating south.
Do you see those mountains in the distance?
I remember those days from my childhood.
8. Demonstrative Pronouns for Singular Objects
Using "this" and "that" effectively for singular objects depends on the proximity of the object and the context of the conversation or text.
9. Using "This" to Indicate Singular, Nearby Items:
When you want to refer to a singular object that is close to you or the conversation, use "this."
This cup of coffee is delicious.
This movie is amazing.
This question is challenging.
10. Using "That" to Indicate Singular, Distant Items:
If the singular object you want to refer to is farther away, either physically or in the discussion, use "that."
That mountain in the distance is breathtaking.
That idea seems intriguing.
I can't believe that happened so long ago.
11. Demonstrative Pronouns for Plural Objects
For plural objects, "these" and "those" are used to specify whether the objects are near or far.
12. Using "These" to Indicate Plural, Nearby Items:
When referring to multiple objects or ideas that are close to you or the discussion, use "these."
These apples are fresh.
These friends are supportive.
These questions are interesting.
13. Using "Those" to Indicate Plural, Distant Items:
If the plural objects or ideas are farther away, either physically or in the discussion, use "those."
Those houses across the river are beautiful.
Those concepts in the textbook are complex.
I can't forget those memories from our trip.
14. Demonstrative Pronouns for Near Objects
In everyday communication, demonstrative pronouns are frequently used to indicate objects or ideas that are physically or conceptually close to the speaker or the conversation. This helps streamline conversations and avoid unnecessary repetition.
Examples of using demonstrative pronouns for near objects:
Can you pass me this magazine?
I appreciate this offer.
Let's talk about this issue.
These cookies taste delicious.
This book is a great read.
These students are very talented.
15. Demonstrative Pronouns for Distant Objects
Conversely, demonstrative pronouns can also be employed to refer to objects or ideas that are physically or conceptually distant from the speaker or the discussion. This use provides context and clarity in various contexts.
Examples of using demonstrative pronouns for distant objects:
That country has a rich cultural heritage.
I'm concerned about that problem.
I can't believe that movie won an award.
Those mountains in the distance are majestic.
We should discuss those strategies.
Using demonstrative pronouns in these ways helps convey a specific point of reference, making the conversation more precise and engaging.
16. Demonstrative Pronouns for Emphasis
Demonstrative pronouns can be used to emphasize a particular object or idea in a sentence. By using "this," "that," "these," or "those" with the right tone and context, speakers can draw attention to what they consider most important or relevant.
Examples of using demonstrative pronouns for emphasis:
I said I wanted this dessert, not that one.
This project is critical to our success.
Those moments in life define who we are.
These are the results we've been waiting for.
That is the person I admire the most.
In these sentences, the demonstrative pronouns "this," "that," "these," and "those" emphasize the specific objects or ideas they precede, underscoring their significance in the context.
17. Demonstrative Pronouns for Clarity
Demonstrative pronouns are valuable tools for achieving clarity in communication. They help speakers and writers specify precisely which objects or ideas they are referring to, reducing ambiguity.
Examples of using demonstrative pronouns for clarity:
Please hand me that document on the left.
These statistics show a significant increase.
I'm interested in that particular theory.
Can you explain those concepts in more detail?
This map clearly marks the hiking trails.
In these sentences, the demonstrative pronouns clarify the intended references, ensuring that the message is understood with precision.
18. Demonstrative Pronouns for Conciseness
One of the primary functions of demonstrative pronouns is to promote conciseness in language. Instead of repeating nouns, demonstrative pronouns allow speakers and writers to convey their messages more succinctly.
Examples of using demonstrative pronouns for conciseness:
I'll take this, and you can have that.
These are my keys; those are yours.
This jacket is too small; I'll try that one.
Those are my notes from the meeting.
These are the documents you requested.
In these sentences, the demonstrative pronouns "this," "that," "these," and "those" replace nouns, streamlining the language and making it more efficient.
19. Demonstrative Pronouns for Avoiding Repetition
One of the primary reasons for using demonstrative pronouns is to avoid repetitive language. Instead of repeating nouns, speakers and writers can employ demonstrative pronouns to refer back to previously mentioned objects or ideas.
Examples of using demonstrative pronouns to avoid repetition:
I love this song; it's so catchy.
These cookies are delicious; I can't stop eating them.
That car is impressive; I saw it at the dealership.
Those stories are captivating; I read them last night.
This book is a classic; everyone should read it.
In these sentences, the demonstrative pronouns prevent redundancy and maintain a more fluid and engaging narrative.
20. Demonstrative Pronouns for Specificity
Demonstrative pronouns are crucial for providing specificity in language. They enable speakers and writers to pinpoint precise objects or ideas within a larger context, offering a richer and more detailed description.
Examples of using demonstrative pronouns for specificity:
This restaurant serves the best sushi in town.
Those paintings in the museum are priceless.
I appreciate this opportunity to learn.
That conference was a valuable experience.
These photos capture unforgettable moments.
In these sentences, the demonstrative pronouns "this," "that," "these," and "those" specify particular objects or ideas, enhancing the depth of communication.
21. Demonstrative Pronouns in Everyday Conversations
Demonstrative pronouns are a common and indispensable part of everyday conversations. Whether we're discussing objects, experiences, or ideas, these pronouns help us convey our thoughts with clarity and precision.
Let's look at how demonstrative pronouns are used in everyday conversations:
In a cafe:
Customer: I'll have this coffee, please.
Barista: That'll be $3.50.
At a bookstore:
Shopper: I'm looking for a mystery novel. Can you recommend this one?
Bookseller: Of course! That's a popular choice.
Discussing travel plans:
Traveler: These brochures have information about the local attractions.
Friend: I'm interested in that cultural festival.
In a clothing store:
Shopper: This dress is lovely. Do you have it in a smaller size?
Salesperson: I'm sorry; we only have that one in this size.
During a business meeting:
Presenter: This slide highlights our financial performance.
Participant: I'm curious about that marketing strategy.
Demonstrative pronouns help participants in these conversations specify the objects or ideas they are referring to, facilitating effective communication.
22. Demonstrative Pronouns in Written Language
In written language, demonstrative pronouns serve various purposes, including providing clarity, avoiding redundancy, and enhancing conciseness. Writers use them to maintain the flow of their narratives and prevent overuse of specific nouns.
Examples of demonstrative pronouns in written language:
In a formal report:
"This report examines the impact of climate change on coastal regions."
"That study by Smith et al. provides valuable insights."
In a descriptive essay:
"The sunset cast a warm, orange glow over the mountains. These were the moments she cherished."
"The old library had a unique charm, with its creaky wooden floors and antique furniture. That was where he spent most of his afternoons."
In a research paper:
"This phenomenon has been widely studied in recent years."
"Those experiments yielded significant results."
In a news article:
"This incident occurred in a quiet suburban neighborhood."
"That event shook the community."
23. Demonstrative Pronouns in Formal Speech
In formal speeches, whether in academic presentations, business conferences, or public addresses, demonstrative pronouns are used to maintain clarity and emphasize key points. They allow speakers to refer to specific ideas or objects without repetition.
Examples of demonstrative pronouns in formal speech:
In an academic lecture:
"This theory, proposed by renowned scientist Jane Smith, has revolutionized our understanding of the cosmos."
"Those experiments conducted by our research team demonstrate the potential for groundbreaking discoveries."
During a business presentation:
"This product offers unparalleled benefits to our customers."
"That strategy has proven successful in previous market expansions."
In a diplomatic speech:
"This agreement signifies a historic step toward peace in the region."
"Those negotiations required dedication and compromise."
24. Demonstrative Pronouns in Informal Speech
Even in informal conversations, demonstrative pronouns play a crucial role in conveying thoughts clearly and efficiently. They are used to point out specific items, share opinions, or reference recent experiences.
Examples of demonstrative pronouns in informal speech:
At a family gathering:
Family Member 1: These appetizers are delicious!
Family Member 2: I made those desserts.
During a casual chat with friends:
Friend 1: This movie we watched last night was hilarious!
Friend 2: I agree, but I prefer that one we saw last week.
Discussing recent events:
Person 1: This weekend was so much fun!
Person 2: I know, I enjoyed those activities we did together.
25. Demonstrative Pronouns in Descriptive Writing
In descriptive writing, such as novels, short stories, or travel blogs, demonstrative pronouns help authors create vivid and engaging descriptions. They allow writers to point out specific elements in the narrative, providing readers with a clear mental image of the setting, characters, or objects.
Examples of demonstrative pronouns in descriptive writing:
In a novel:
"She walked along the beach, feeling the sand between her toes. This was her favorite place to escape from the world."
"He gazed at the stars in the night sky. Those tiny dots of light held the secrets of the universe."
In a travel blog:
"The ancient ruins of Machu Picchu were shrouded in mist. This was a surreal experience."
"We hiked through dense forests, the sounds of birds filling the air. Those moments felt truly magical."
In a short story:
"The old house had a mysterious aura. This was where the adventure began."
"They explored the cave's depths, their flashlights revealing hidden treasures. Those discoveries left them in awe."
26. Demonstrative Pronouns for Expressing Preference
Demonstrative pronouns are often used to express preferences or opinions about specific items or ideas. By using "this," "that," "these," or "those," speakers can indicate their likes and dislikes in a concise manner.
Examples of using demonstrative pronouns to express preference:
In a restaurant:
Customer: This dish is excellent; I'll have it again.
Friend: I prefer that one; it's spicier.
Shopper: These shoes are comfortable; I'll buy them.
Salesperson: Those sneakers are on sale; they're a great choice.
Choosing a movie:
Moviegoer: This film has great reviews; let's watch it.
Friend: I heard that one is a classic; I'm in the mood for a classic movie.
27. Demonstrative Pronouns for Highlighting Differences
Demonstrative pronouns can also be used to highlight differences between objects, ideas, or experiences. By contrasting "this" with "that," or "these" with "those," speakers draw attention to distinctions.
Examples of using demonstrative pronouns to highlight differences:
Tech Enthusiast: This phone has a better camera, but that one has a longer battery life.
Friend: I like those features on this model.
Evaluating job offers:
Job Seeker: This position offers higher pay, but that one has more flexible hours.
Advisor: These benefits are better than those in the previous offer.
Discussing travel destinations:
Traveler: This city has rich history, while that one is known for its vibrant nightlife.
Companion: I'm more interested in those cultural experiences.
28. Demonstrative Pronouns for Showing Similarities
Demonstrative pronouns can also be employed to show similarities between objects, ideas, or experiences. By using "this" and "that," or "these" and "those," speakers can point out commonalities.
Examples of using demonstrative pronouns to show similarities:
Car Enthusiast: This model has great fuel efficiency, and that one is spacious.
Friend: I like those features in this car.
Evaluating job candidates:
Recruiter: This candidate has strong leadership skills, and that one is an excellent communicator.
Manager: I'm impressed by those qualities in this applicant.
Discussing travel experiences:
Traveler: This country has beautiful beaches, and that one has stunning mountain ranges.
Companion: I enjoyed those landscapes in this region.
29. Demonstrative Pronouns for Comparing Ideas
Demonstrative pronouns are useful when comparing different ideas, concepts, or arguments in writing or conversation. They help speakers and writers specify which idea they are discussing without the need for repetition.
Examples of using demonstrative pronouns to compare ideas:
In an academic discussion:
Professor: This theory suggests that human behavior is influenced by environmental factors.
Student: I find those findings intriguing.
During a debate:
Speaker 1: This proposal focuses on economic growth.
Speaker 2: That approach prioritizes environmental sustainability.
In a business meeting:
Team Lead: This strategy emphasizes customer satisfaction.
Colleague: Those recommendations align with our long-term goals.
30. Common Mistakes with Demonstrative Pronouns
While demonstrative pronouns are a fundamental part of English grammar, they are not immune to common mistakes. Here are some errors that learners and speakers should watch out for:
Incorrect Number Agreement: Demonstrative pronouns must agree in number with the noun they replace. Using "this" with a plural noun or "these" with a singular noun is incorrect.
Incorrect: This dogs are friendly.
Correct: These dogs are friendly.
Misuse of "This" and "That": Using "this" and "that" interchangeably without considering proximity can lead to confusion.
Incorrect: I want to buy that dress; it's beautiful. (If the dress is nearby)
Correct: I want to buy this dress; it's beautiful.
Ambiguity in Context: Failing to provide sufficient context when using demonstrative pronouns can leave listeners or readers uncertain about what is being referred to.
Ambiguous: I need to finish this by tomorrow. (What is "this"?)
Clearer: I need to finish this report by tomorrow.
Overusing Demonstrative Pronouns: Excessive use of demonstrative pronouns can make speech or writing repetitive. It's essential to balance their usage with other pronouns and nouns.
Overused: I love this movie. This actor is fantastic. This director is talented. (Repetitive)
Varied: I love this movie. The actor is fantastic. The director is talented.
Confusing Demonstrative Pronouns with Demonstrative Adjectives: Mixing up demonstrative pronouns and demonstrative adjectives can lead to grammatical errors.
Incorrect: I like this apples. (Using "this" as an adjective)
Correct: I like these apples.
Lack of Agreement with Verb Tense: Demonstrative pronouns should agree with the noun they replace, both in number and in verb agreement.
Incorrect: This is the dogs' favorite toy.
Correct: This is the dogs' favorite toys.
31. Teaching Demonstrative Pronouns to English Learners
To effectively teach demonstrative pronouns to English learners, educators and learners can follow strategic approaches:
Visual Aids: Use visual aids such as images, diagrams, or physical objects to demonstrate the concepts of proximity and number agreement.
Real-Life Examples: Provide real-life examples and scenarios that illustrate the use of demonstrative pronouns, making the grammar more relatable.
Practice Exercises: Engage learners in exercises that involve forming sentences using demonstrative pronouns. These can be written or spoken exercises to reinforce understanding.
Contextual Learning: Encourage learners to use demonstrative pronouns in context. For example, ask them to describe objects in the classroom using the appropriate pronouns.
Storytelling: Create stories or narratives that involve characters using demonstrative pronouns. This can help learners grasp the practical application of these pronouns.
Role-Playing: Engage learners in role-playing activities where they use demonstrative pronouns to interact in various scenarios, such as shopping or dining out.
Error Correction: Correct any errors in the use of demonstrative pronouns promptly. Provide feedback and explanations to help learners improve.
Contextual Reading: Select reading materials that incorporate demonstrative pronouns and discuss them in class to reinforce learning.
Multimedia Resources: Utilize multimedia resources like videos or audio clips that demonstrate the use of demonstrative pronouns in real conversations.
Progressive Learning: Teach demonstrative pronouns progressively, starting with the basics and gradually introducing more complex concepts, such as emphasis and clarity.
32. Strategies for Learning and Practicing Demonstrative Pronouns
For English learners seeking to master demonstrative pronouns, here are effective strategies for learning and practicing:
Flashcards: Create flashcards with examples of demonstrative pronouns and their uses. Review them regularly to reinforce memory.
Writing Exercises: Practice writing sentences and paragraphs that incorporate demonstrative pronouns. Focus on different contexts, such as formal writing and creative writing.
Reading Practice: Read books, articles, and stories in English, paying attention to how demonstrative pronouns are used in context.
Conversation Practice: Engage in conversations with native speakers or language partners. Use demonstrative pronouns to describe objects or discuss preferences.
Language Apps: Utilize language learning apps and websites that offer exercises and quizzes on demonstrative pronouns.
Self-Testing: Create your own sentences using demonstrative pronouns and then check them for correctness. Self-assessment is a valuable learning tool.
Labeling Objects: Label objects in your surroundings with sticky notes and use demonstrative pronouns to describe them.
Listen Actively: Listen to native speakers in podcasts, movies, or YouTube videos and pay attention to how they use demonstrative pronouns.
Engage in Online Forums: Join online language learning forums or communities where you can ask questions and get feedback on your use of demonstrative pronouns.
Keep a Grammar Journal: Maintain a journal dedicated to English grammar, including demonstrative pronouns. Write down rules, examples, and your own practice sentences.
33. Conclusion: Mastering Demonstrative Pronouns in English
Demonstrative pronouns, encompassing "this," "that," "these," and "those," are indispensable tools in English grammar. They facilitate clear communication by helping speakers and writers specify and identify objects or ideas within a conversation or text.
Understanding the rules and applications of demonstrative pronouns, such as indicating proximity, expressing preference, and emphasizing points, is essential for effective language use. English learners and speakers who grasp the intricacies of demonstrative pronouns can enhance their ability to communicate with precision and clarity in a variety of contexts.
By following teaching strategies, engaging in practice exercises, and incorporating demonstrative pronouns into their language learning journey, learners can master this important grammatical concept. Ultimately, proficiency in demonstrative pronouns contributes to fluency and confidence in expressing ideas and opinions in English.