Article:

Song of Myself 
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [I say the stars are not echoes] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: loc.00042 
  
 Repository: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman 
  
 Series: Literary File 
  
 Box: 29 
  
 Folder: Song of Myself (1855). A.MS. draft. 
  
 Date: undated 
  
 Genre: poetry, prose 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: A draft of a poem that resembles section 23 of the final version of "Song of Myself" but whose specific relationship to Whitman's published work is unknown. The draft, though not identical, has many lines similar to the posthumously published manuscript titled "[I Am the Poet]." On the verso is a draft of an unidentified prose work. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: Of this broad and majestic 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00549 
  
 Repository: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman 
  
 Date: Before or early in 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry, prose 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: Two phrases and images from this manuscript appear, slightly altered, in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, in the poem that would later be titled "Song of Myself." The manuscript was therefore probably written before or early in 1855. In the manuscript Whitman has added the phrase "the timothy and the clover" to a description of plants growing in a field. On page 18 of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass Whitman describes jumping from the crossbeams of a barn into the hay says he will "seize the clover and timothy." Later in the manuscript he writes of "the buckwheat and its white tops and the bees that hum there all day," and on page 36 of the 1855 Leaves he writes of the "white and brown buckwheat, a hummer and a buzzer there with the rest." A similar line concerning buckwheat and bees appeared in the poem "Come Up From the Fields Father," and a reference to "clover and timothy" appeared in "Give Me the Splendid Silent Sun." Both poems were first published in Drum-Taps in 1865. "Clover and timothy" also appears in the poem "The Return of the Heroes," which was first published in the 1881 edition of Leaves of Grass. On the reverse of this manuscript (nyp.00085) are poetic lines, one of which appeared in the poem ultimately titled "I Sing the Body Electric." 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: to enjoy the Panorama 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: amh.00008 
  
 Repository: Amherst College Archives and Special Collections 
  
 Date: about 1850 
  
 Genre: prose 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: The handwriting on this draft fragment indicates that it was written fairly early, probably before the publication of Leaves of Grass in 1855. Most of the fragment describes a moving panorama, a popular form of entertainment during the antebellum period. The juxtaposition Whitman sets up in this manuscript (of painted panorama to actual landscape) appears in a line published in the 1855 and 1856 editions of Leaves of Grass, from the poem that would later be titled "Song of Myself": "The panorama of the sea . . . . but the sea itself?" 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: A man of gigantic 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00293 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: MS 4to 32 
  
 Date: before or early in 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry, prose 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: Prose fragment contemplating the combination in one man of power and compassion, probably related to lines from the opening poem of the 1855 Leaves of Grass—what would later become "Song of Myself." Edward F. Grier notes that the "heroic male" described here is "a favorite image" in the first edition (1855) of Leaves of Grass (Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 1:178). On the reverse is another prose fragment (duk.00888) dealing with the importance of independent thinking amid social forces of law and custom, as well as describing the attributes of a "perfect" man. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: It is the endless delusion 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00800 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: MS q 6 
  
 Date: 1855 or before 
  
 Genre: prose, poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: This prose manuscript contains a line similar to one from the poem that would eventually be entitled "Song of Myself." Near the bottom of the recto, Whitman writes that "The noble soul steadily rejects any liberty or privilege or wealth that is not open on the same terms to every other man and every other woman..." Compare this to the line from the first poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves: "By God! I will accept nothing which all cannot have their counterpart of on the same terms." The reverse (duk.00261) contains ideas and language related to what eventually became section 41 of "Song of Myself." This would suggest a date in or before 1855. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: is wider than the west 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00510 
  
 Repository: New York Public Library: The Henry W. and Albert A. Berg Collection of English and American Literature 
  
 Date: Before or early in 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry, prose 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: A draft fragment including phrases and poetic lines that were revised and used in different poems of Leaves of Grass. "The orbed opening of whose mouth," struck through on this manuscript, is suggestive of a line that appeared in the poem ultimately called "Song of Myself": "The orbic flex of his mouth is pouring and filling me full." The line "Nature is rude at first—but once begun never tires" was used slightly altered in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass, under the title "Poem of the Road" (Whitman revised the title to "Song of the Open Road" in the 1867 edition). On the reverse of this manuscript is a prose fragment on the subject of knowledge and learning (nyp.00024). 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: The most perfect wonders 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00057 
  
 Repository: New York Public Library: The Henry W. and Albert A. Berg Collection of English and American Literature 
  
 Repository Title: The most perfect wonders... 
  
 Date: Before or early in 1855 
  
 Genre: prose 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: Some of the language in this manuscript is similar to wording in the poem that would eventually be titled "Song of Myself." See, for instance: "What is commonest and cheapest and nearest and easiest is Me," (1855, p. 21); "I take my place among you as much as among any," (1855, p. 48); "Nor do I understand who there can be more wonderful than myself" (1855, p. 54); "It is for you whoever you are . . . . it is no farther from you than your hearing and sight are from you, / It is hinted by nearest and commonest and readiest . . . . it is not them, though it is endlessly provoked by them" (1855, p. 59). Based on the handwriting, Edward Grier dates this manuscript to 1855 or earlier (Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 1:186). 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: Enter into the thoughts 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00112 
  
 Repository: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman 
  
 Repository Title: Enter into the thoughts of the different theological faiths 
  
 Date: before 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 
  
 Content: A manuscript containing lines about "enter[ing] into the thoughts of the different theological faiths." Edward Grier credits R. M. Bucke with pointing out the similarity of the text with a portion of "Song of Myself" (specifically, the portion that would become section 43 in the Deathbed edition). Once part of a larger scrap that began with "For example, whisper." Edward F. Grier credits R. M. Bucke with pointing out the "similarity of the text to "Song of Myself" (1855), sec. 43, ll. 1096-1110. The date is undoubtedly before 1855." 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [I can tell of the long besieged city] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00511 
  
 Repository: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman 
  
 Repository Title: I can tell of the long besieged city 
  
 Date: 1845–1855 
  
 Genre: prose, poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: A scrap of paper with poetic lines that were used in revised form in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. The lines contained in this manuscript were eventually used in the poem ultimately titled "Song of Myself." On the verso of this scrap is a prose fragment with no known connection to Whitman's published work. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: ground where you may 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: rut.00025 
  
 Repository: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey: Special Collections and University Archives 
  
 Repository ID: Ac.605 
  
 Date: 1845–1855 
  
 Genre: poetry, prose 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: The recto is a manuscript fragment containing several lines of prose that were included, with slightly-revised wording, as lines of poetry in the initial poem of the 1855 Leaves of Grass (ultimately titled "Song of Myself"). The lines that appear in the poem begin with "Sit awhile wayfarer" and continue through the end of the manuscript, ending with "and open the gate for your egress hence." These lines would remain, with minor revisions, through all the various versions of "Song of Myself." The verso (rut.00024) contains a prose note that does not seem to have any link to Whitman's published work. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [And to me each minute of the night] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: tex.00057 
  
 Repository: The University of Texas at Austin: The Walt Whitman Collection, Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center 
  
 Box: 2 
  
 Folder: 1 
  
 Repository Title: Song of Myself 
  
 Date: Before 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: About ten draft lines of the opening poem of the 1855 Leaves of Grass, ultimately titled "Song of Myself." This manuscript passage is made up of versions of lines that appeared in the first published version of the poem, as well as in the 1855 preface. Various lines from this one passage appear in widely scattered places: in the final version of "Song of Myself," they appear in sections 5, 13, 16, 31, 36, and 43, while others appear in the poem eventually entitled "To Think of Time" and in the pre-1855 manuscript poem "Pictures." The verso (tex.00001) shows a tentative arrangement of the poems for the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, with working titles. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [The wild gander leads] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: loc.00507 
  
 Repository: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman 
  
 Series: Literary File 
  
 Box: 20 
  
 Folder: L of G (1855). Manuscript Page. 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: A one-page handwritten draft of a portion of "Song of Myself," which was published first in 1855. These lines eventually became section 14 and the beginning of section 15 in the final version of Leaves of Grass. On the reverse side (loc.07428) is a long list of words, many of which are found in the poem eventually "Song of the Broad-Axe." 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: For remember that 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: loc.05334 
  
 Repository: Library of Congress: The Thomas Biggs Harned Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman 
  
 Date: Between 1845 and 1860 
  
 Genre: prose 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: Edward Grier notes that this scrap contains ideas similar to those found in what would become section 4 of the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself." Both this manuscript and the section of the poem discuss the idea that a person's true self is not defined by exterior trappings or social protocols. But Grier also indicates that this manuscript could be notes for a lecture that Whitman was planning (Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 6:2047). In either case, the manuscript likely dates to the 1850s. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [You villain, Touch!] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: tex.00002 
  
 Repository: The University of Texas at Austin: The Walt Whitman Collection, Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center 
  
 Box: 2 
  
 Folder: 1 
  
 Repository Title: Song of Myself, 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry, prose 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: One side of this manuscript features about eleven lines, heavily revised, for the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself," beginning with You villain, Touch! The poem was first published in the 1855 first edition of Leaves of Grass. The notes on the other side, regarding prehistoric human life, are not known to be related to any of Whitman's published work. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: How gladly we leave 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00296 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: MS q 32 
  
 Date: Before or early in 1855 
  
 Genre: prose, poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: Prose fragment that characterizes social interactions with the "learned and refined" as stifling in comparison with experiences shared with "real men and women." The description of "boatmen" with "trowsers tucked in their boots" may be related to a similar description in the poem that would eventually be titled "Song of Myself" ("The boatmen and clamdiggers arose early and stopped for me, / I tucked my trowser-ends in my boots and went and had a good time"). The phrase "real men and women refreshing, hearty, and wicked" probably led to the following line, which occurs later in the same poem: "Ever myself and my neighbors, refreshing and wicked and real." These connections suggest a date before or early in 1855. Edward Grier notes that this manuscript was, at one time, pinned together with another manuscript (Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 1:169; see duk.00297). 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [Fa]bles, traditions, and 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00261 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: MS 4to 6 
  
 Date: Between 1850 and 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry, prose 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: A manuscript draft with ideas and language related to what eventually became section 41 of "Song of Myself" and to the untitled fourteenth poem of the 1860 cluster "Debris." "Song of Myself" first appeared, untitled, in Leaves of Grass (1855); it was first titled, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" in 1860–1861. The final title, "Song of Myself," was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. The reverse (duk.00800) contains unrelated prose writing, including a line similar to one found in "Song of Myself." 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: To be at all 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00001 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: MS 4to 2 
  
 Date: 1855 or before 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: This manuscript contains draft lines for what became section 27 of "Song of Myself," which was first published as the opening poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. In 1897, after Whitman's death, a poem entitled "To Be at All," based on this manuscript, was published in "Old Age Echoes." On the reverse side (duk.00883) are notes, trial lines, and lists of words and phrases related to what eventually became sections 24 and 49 of "Song of Myself" and to lines included in "The Sleepers." Both poems were first published in the 1855 first edition of Leaves of Grass. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: Outdoors is the best 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00297 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: MS 4to 32 
  
 Date: Before or early in 1855 
  
 Genre: prose, poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: This prose fragment extols the virtues of outdoor living and the appeal of physical laborers who work outdoors. Similar ideas are found throughout Leaves of Grass. Edward Grier notes that this manuscript was, at one time, pinned together with another manuscript (Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 1:169; see duk.00296). The reference to clamdiggers in both this scrap and the related scrap may anticipate a line in the poem that was eventually titled "Song of Myself" ("The boatmen and clamdiggers arose early and stopped for me, / I tucked my trowser-ends in my boots and went and had a good time"). This suggests a date before or early in 1855. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: Remember that the clock 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00298 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: MS 4to 32 
  
 Date: before or early in 1855 
  
 Genre: prose, poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: A prose manuscript dealing mainly with conceptions of time and which may have contributed to the following line in the first poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass (eventually titled "Song of Myself"): "The clock indicates the moment . . . . but what does eternity indicate?" The last few lines of the manuscript contain ideas and phrases similar to another passage of the same poem. The manuscript's likening of "God" or "the soul" to an "Elder Brother" is reminescent of lines "And I know that the hand of God is the elderhand of my own, / And I know that the spirit of God is the eldest brother of my own." These correspondences suggest a date of before or early in 1855. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: The most superb beauties 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00304 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: MS 4to 33 
  
 Date: before or early in 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: Notes, or possibly trial lines, expressing the idea that the highest beauty is found in what is "cheapest" and "commonest," probably connected to a passage in section 14 of "Song of Myself," first published untitled in Leaves of Grass (1855). The poem was first titled "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" in 1860–1861. The final title, "Song of Myself," was first used in the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "It seems to me," "What shall the great poet be then?" and "Make no quotations." 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: In metaphysical points 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00159 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: MS 67 
  
 Date: 1855 or before 
  
 Genre: prose, poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: Manuscript about the roles of science and "the soul" in the apprehension of truth. The fragmentary paragraph at the bottom of the leaf seems to be the germ of certain lines of what eventually became "Song of Myself," section 23, first published untitled in Leaves of Grass (1855). The poem was first titled, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" in 1860–1861. The final title, "Song of Myself," was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: myself to celebrate 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00787 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Date: Between 1850 and 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry, prose 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: A manuscript containing lines included in the poem ultimately titled "Song of Myself," including the poem's famous opening, "I celebrate myself." "Song of Myself" first appeared untitled in Leaves of Grass (1855). The poem was first titled, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 Leaves, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" in 1860–1861. The final title, "Song of Myself," was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. On the reverse is a prose manuscript (duk.00879) with an unknown connection to Whitman's published work. In the repository, this manuscript is bound, seemingly by a collector, with a printer's copy of the 1881-82 edition of Leaves of Grass that contains numerous handwritten corrections by Whitman (duk.00098). 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: It were unworthy a live man to pray 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00162 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: MS q 203 
  
 Date: Before or early in 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry, prose 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: An early scrap of prose material similar to parts of "Song of Myself," which first appeared untitled in Leaves of Grass (1855). The poem was first titled "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" in 1860–1861. The final title, "Song of Myself," was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. The manuscript's final three lines may have contributed to what became section 32, in which Whitman describes wanting to "live awhile with animals" because "[t]hey do not sweat and whine about their condition, / They do not lie awake in the dark and weep for their sins." These lines were present in the first version of the poem in 1855, suggesting a date of before or early in that year. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: Sweet flag 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00883 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository Title: Song of Myself (Autograph MS, draft portions) To be at all... 
  
 Repository ID: MS 4to 2 
  
 Date: Between 1850 and 1855 
  
 Genre: prose, poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: Whitman likely drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass. This manuscript, filled with suggestive words and phrases, appears to have contributed to the first and fourth poems in the volume, both titled "Leaves of Grass" and now more commonly known by their final titles, "Song of Myself" and "The Sleepers," respectively. The phrase "Bulbs of life-lilies, polished melons" prefigures "polished breasts of melons" in "Song of Myself," and the list in this manuscript may relate to the following line: "Root of washed sweet-flag, timorous pond-snipe, nest of guarded duplicate eggs, it shall be you." Other elements of this manuscript appear to have contributed to "The Sleepers." The jotting "I am a look / mystic / in a trance/ exaltation" may have led to the line "I am a dance . . . . Play up there! the fit is whirling me fast." Further, the reference to the soothing hand is perhaps an early version of the passage in which the narrator, who stands "with drooping eyes by the worstsuffering and restless," passes his "hands soothingly to and fro a few inches from them." Finally, the passage about "Sap that flows from the end of the manly maple" (associated in the manuscript with the "tooth of delight" and "tooth prong") probably contributed to the following passage in the same poem: "The white teeth stay, and the boss-tooth advances in darkness, / And liquor is spilled on lips and bosoms by touching glasses, and the best liquor afterward." These lines were removed from the final edition of the poem. The writing on the reverse side of the leaf (duk.00001) contributed to a different part of the poem that became "Song of Myself." 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [from the tips of his fingers] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: loc.05705 
  
 Repository: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman 
  
 Series: Notes and Notebooks 
  
 Box: 38 
  
 Folder: Notes & Nbks Brooklyniana Fulton St 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry, prose 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: Cancelled and fragmentary lines that were revised and used in what became section 39 of the final version of "Song of Myself," a poem first published in Leaves of Grass (1855). The prose note on the other side of the leaf concerns Brooklyn history, though no connection between it and Whitman's published work on that subject has been established. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: Superb and infinitely manifold 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00063 
  
 Repository: New York Public Library: The Henry W. and Albert A. Berg Collection of English and American Literature 
  
 Repository Title: Holograph notes for lectures and poems; 12 notes written on 14 pieces of paper, unsigned, undated. 
  
 Date: Before or early in 1855 
  
 Genre: prose, poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: This manuscript's discussion of the vastness of time and space is similar to a passage from the poem that would eventually be titled "Song of Myself." The manuscript includes the phrase "countless octillions of the cubic leagues of space," while a phrase from the version of the poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass reads "a few octillions of cubic leagues, do not hazard the span" (51). Whether or not this manuscript contributed directly to the poem, the similarity suggests that the manuscript was written before or early in 1855. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: Night of south winds 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00078 
  
 Repository: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, approximately 19.5 x 19 cm., handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: A manuscript that includes language that appeared in the first poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, in what later became section 21 of "Song of Myself." On the verso are lines that eventually found their way into section 31 of the same poem. The manuscript was bound by the collector. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: vain the mastodon 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00079 
  
 Repository: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman 
  
 Date: Before or early in 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry, prose 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 18.5 by 19.7 cm. (irregular), handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: The recto contains draft lines for the first poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, eventually titled "Song of Myself." These lines are from sections 31 and 32, as numbered in the 1891-92 edition. On the verso are two prose notes, the first (nyp.00523) about the frequent meanness of men of high social standing and the second (nyp.00524) about the wisdom of keeping "clean outside and inside." The leaf was formerly cut between the verso-side notes, probably by Whitman, and has been rejoined. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: Loveblows 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00122 
  
 Repository: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman 
  
 Repository Title: Loveblows Loveblossoms 
  
 Date: Before or early in 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 
  
 Content: A list of words starting with "Love-" (e.g. "Loveroot"), many of them plant metaphors that could be read as referring to parts of the body, in particular to the genitals. Several of the words were included in line 14 of the 1855 version of the poem that would eventually be titled "Song of Myself." Another section of the manuscript became several lines from the opening stanza of "Broad-Axe Poem" in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass. The poem would later be titled "Song of the Broad-Axe." The word "loveclimber" (found in the manuscript) appeared in "Bunch Poem" in the 1856 edition of Leaves, later retitled "Spontaneous Me." The manuscript is pasted to a backing sheet, making the verso inaccessible. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: Poem—a perfect school 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: tul.00011 
  
 Repository: University of Tulsa: Walt Whitman Ephemera 
  
 Box: 1 
  
 Folder: 2 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry, prose 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: Whitman's notes for a poem about "a perfect school." The proposed poem is not known to have been published, although words and sentiments that appear in this manuscript also appeared in the poem that would later be titled "Song of Myself." The lines on the reverse (tul.00002) contributed to Whitman's poem "To Think of Time," first published untitled in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: In the gymnasium 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: yal.00452 
  
 Repository: Yale University: Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library 
  
 Box: 3 
  
 Folder: 140 
  
 Date: 1850–1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: Two poetic fragments, written on the front and back of one leaf. The lines on one side, describing an imagined scene in a Greek gymnasium, are not identifiably related to any of Whitman's published works. Those on the other side were used in the poem ultimately titled "Song of Myself." which was first published in Leaves of Grass (1855). 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: The test 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: med.00727 
  
 Repository: Unlocated Manuscripts 
  
 Date: Before or early in 1855 
  
 Genre: prose 
  
 Physical Description: number of leaves unknown, handwritten 
  
 Images: currently unavailable 
  
 Content: The lines in this manuscript likely contributed to lines of the poem that would eventually be titled "Song of Myself." The date of the manuscript is therefore probably before or early in 1855. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: Breathjuice 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: med.00728 
  
 Repository: Unlocated Manuscripts 
  
 Date: Before or early in 1855 
  
 Genre: prose 
  
 Physical Description: number of leaves unknown, handwritten 
  
 Images: currently unavailable 
  
 Content: This list may have contributed indirectly to the ideas found in what became the second section of the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself." Those lines deal with breath, scents, and sexuality, all of which are suggested by the terms in this manuscript. Because the manuscript has not been located it is difficult to speculate on the circumstances or date of its composition, but it seems likely that it was written before or early in 1855. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: Rule in all addresses 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: loc.00163 
  
 Repository: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman 
  
 Series: Notes and Notebooks 
  
 Box: 39 
  
 Folder: Literary, Rule in All Addresses. 
  
 Date: Before 1856 
  
 Genre: prose, poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: Lines and phrases on both the recto and verso of this manuscript contributed to portions of the poem that would eventually be titled "Song of Myself". Some lines on the verso contributed to the poem that would eventually be titled "Crossing Brooklyn Ferry." Other lines on the verso may have contributed to the Preface to the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. On the recto, the phrase "mate and companion" found its way into "Song of Myself." The manuscript line that reads "A mother as well as father, a child as well as a man" becomes, in the poem, the line "Maternal as well as paternal, a child as well as a man." And several manuscript lines, beginning with "Not only an American..." become, in the poem, the lines beginning "Not merely of the New World..." Edward Grier speculates that Whitman's note to not "forget the bombardment" is in reference to the "bombardment" of the "old artillerist" in "Song of Myself" (Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 1:165). On the verso, several phrases of prose were later used, in somewhat revised form, in a line for "Sun-down Poem" in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass. In 1860, the poem was retitled "Crossing Brooklyn Ferry." A portion of the manuscript reads: "I doubt whether my greatest thoughts, as I had supposed them, are not shallow.—and people will most likely laugh at me." The line in the poem reads: "My great thoughts, as I supposed them, were they not in reality meagre? Would not people laugh at me?" It is possible that some of the poetic lines on the verso contributed to the preface to the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. The idea of common people being greater than Presidents or Major Generals (from the manuscript) may be related to the sentence from the Preface that reads: "Other states indicate themselves in their deputies....but the genius of the United States is not best or most in its executives or legislatures, nor in its ambassadors or authors or colleges or churches or parlors, nor even in its newspapers or inventors...but always most in the common people." Other words and phrases in this manuscript may have contributed to other parts of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: it is no miracle now that 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00007 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: MS 4to 3 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: A manuscript draft of ideas about touch related to sections 28–30 in the final version of "Song of Myself," which first appeared, untitled, in Leaves of Grass (1855). In the 1856 edition it was titled "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" in 1860–1861. The final title, "Song of Myself," was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. The reverse side of the leaf (duk.00797 contains prose writing related to a different section of the same poem. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: Light and air! 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00260 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: MS 4to 4 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: A manuscript draft of ideas related to section 31 in the final version of "Song of Myself," which first appeared, untitled, in Leaves of Grass (1855); it was first titled, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" in 1860–1861. The final title, "Song of Myself," was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: I know as well as you that Bibles are divine revelation 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00051 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: MS 4to 5 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: A manuscript draft treating ideas about divine revelation related to section 41 in the final version of "Song of Myself," which first appeared, untitled, in Leaves of Grass (1855); it was first titled, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" in 1860–1861. The final title was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. The reverse (duk.00887) contains notes, dated March 20th '54, about the characters and physical traits of several men that Whitman met in his travels. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: There is no word in any tongue 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00018 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: Trent II-7, 201 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 
  
 Content: A manuscript draft of ideas about God and man related to what eventually became sections 48-49 of the final version of "Song of Myself," which first appeared, untitled, in Leaves of Grass (1855); it was first titled, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" in 1860–1861. The final title, "Song of Myself," was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. This manuscript has been mounted and framed with a prose fragment, dealing with the soul and nature, and a photograph of Whitman. An image of the verso is unavailable. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: My Spirit sped back to the 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00262 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: MS 4to 7 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: A manuscript draft related in general to ideas expressed in "Song of Myself," which first appeared, untitled, in Leaves of Grass (1855); it was first titled, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" in 1860–1861. The final title, "Song of Myself," was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. The reverse contains one cancelled line: "Not one of the heroic guests." 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: And when once they went far enough to see 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00003 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: MS 4to 1 
  
 Date: between 1850 and 1860 
  
 Genre: poetry, prose 
  
 Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 
  
 Content: On one side of these manuscript leaves are drafts of lines for the opening poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, ultimately titled "Song of Myself," sections six and seven. The poem was first titled, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" in 1860–1861. The final title, "Song of Myself," was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. On the reverse are fragments of an unpublished prose piece that appears to represent an early draft of "Unnamed Lands," a poem published first in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass. The material on the second leaf shares with that poem not only a close thematic similarity but also several of the same phrases. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: And I have discovered them by night and by 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00006 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: MS 4to 1 
  
 Date: between 1850 and 1860 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: The draft lines on one side of the manuscript leaf contributed to the opening poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. In the poem's final version, "Song of Myself," these lines are found in section 48. The poem was first titled, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" in 1860–1861. The final title was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. It is not known whether the prose on the leaf's reverse is related to any of Whitman's published work; however, physical and thematic similarities with "And I have discovered them by night and by," above, and "My tongue can never be content with harness," below, make a connection with the 1860 poem "Unnamed Lands" likely. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: My tongue can never be content with harness 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: duk.00008 
  
 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana 
  
 Repository ID: MS 4to 1 
  
 Date: between 1850 and 1860 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: On one side of the manuscript leaf are draft poetic lines with an unknown relation to Whitman's published work. However, physical and thematic similarities with "And when once they went far enough to see" and "And I have discovered them by night and by," above, suggest that the lines were possibly drafted for the 1855 poem that eventually became "Song of Myself." These similarities also suggest that the prose on the leaf's reverse is likely related to "Unnamed Lands," first published in Leaves of Grass (1860). 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [How can there be immortality] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00014 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 1 
  
 Folder: 49 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4.5 x 14.5 cm, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: These lines, appearing on a very small section of white laid paper cut and cropped irregularly, bear a strong resemblance to the (eventual) second verse paragraph in section 6 of "Starting from Paumanok," first published in 1860 as "Proto-Leaf." The fragmentary lines on the verso (beginning "Downward, buoyant, swif[t]"), represent a different version of a line incorporated in the pre-1855 notebook poem "Pictures" and of one inscribed in the 1854 notebook [I know a rich capitalist...], currently housed at the New York Public Library. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [I am a student] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00238 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 1 
  
 Folder: 88 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 9.5 x 15 cm, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: The themes expressed in this early fragment would inform the lines that eventually became section 2 of "Song of Myself;" Whitman never used it verbatim. On the verso appears an undeleted but heavily revised early draft of famous lines, beginning "The spotted hawk swoops by...," incorporated in what would constitute the final canto of the poem in the 1867 and later editions of Leaves of Grass.--> 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [I call back blunderers] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00250 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 1 
  
 Folder: 88 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4.5 x 19.5 cm pasted to 7 x 19.5 cm, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: The first few lines were never used, but the last two verses (beginning "I offer men no painted saucers...") share similarities with the final verse paragraph (beginning "Stop this day and night with me and you shall possess the origin of all poems,") of what would eventually become section 2 of "Song of Myself." 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [Do I not prove myself] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00251 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 1 
  
 Folder: 88 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 8 x 18.5 cm, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: On the verso appear two undeleted lines beginning "Whatever I say of myself, you shall apply to yourself..." that eventually formed part of section 20 of "Song of Myself." The deleted pencil lines beginning "I think there will never be any more heaven or hell / than there is now," were revised to form what would eventually become the second verse paragraph of section 3 of "Song of Myself." After heavy revision the lines appearing on the recto of the manuscript were used in what would be section 41 of "Song of Myself." These lines also bear relation to the untitled 14th poem of the "Debris" cluster (1860). The lines were not among the various passages of "Debris" that survived in the final poems of Leaves of Grass. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [My hand will not hurt what it holds] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00254 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 1 
  
 Folder: 88 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 19 x 15.5 cm, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: The numbers 195 and 196 are inscribed on the verso and recto, respectively; these numbers, along with remnants of paste and binding tape along the left margin of the recto, suggest that the pages came from a notebook. The lines on the recto are deleted and appear to have been revised to form what is now section 28 of "Song of Myself." The verso contains undeleted notes that begin with a list of animals and plants ("cottonwood—mulberry—/chickadee—large brown water-dog"), followed by a verse ("The suicide / went to a lonesome place...") that Whitman revised for use ("The suicide sprawls on the bloody floor of the bedroom,") in what would eventually constitute section 8 of "Song of Myself." This verse is followed by another section of the natural "catalogue" ("locust, birch / cypress..."), below which appears a pair of verses (beginning "O dirt, you corpse—I reckon you are good manure—") used in what would be section 48 of the "Song of Myself." The list of flora and fauna could anticipate any number of similar lists in Whitman, but bears the strongest resemblance to section 29 of "Poem of Joys" (final title: "A Song of Joys"), which first appeared in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [I am a curse] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00256 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 1 
  
 Folder: 88 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 18.5 x 17.5 cm, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: One leaf inscribed and revised on both sides in pencil. The trial lines on the verso (beginning "His very aches are exstasy") seem to have been revised for inclusion in what is now section 29 of "Song of Myself." Whitman's unusual spelling of "ecstasy" indicates not only that the lines came very early in the process of writing Leaves of Grass, but that these lines may have originally been part of the proto-"Song of Myself" before being transferred to what would become "The Sleepers." The verso lines and the words "I am a curse" link this leaf to two sections of draft verses in the earliest Library of Congress notebook (#80) beginning "Fierce wrestler!" and "I am a curse." 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [The sores on my shoulders are from his] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00260 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 1 
  
 Folder: 88 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 8 x 15 cm, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: Inscribed, revised, and deleted in pencil. On the verso appear the undeleted lines "Hear my fife! —I am a recruiter / Come, who will join my troop?" Scholars have recorded these lines as a version of the lines ("And now a merry recruiter passes, with fife and drum, seeking who will / join his troop...") in the pre-1855 notebook poem "Pictures." The image of the musician recruiting attention equally for the problems of all connects these lines with section 18 of "Song of Myself." Although the manuscript contains the phrase "iron necklace," which appears in the poem eventually titled "To A Foil'd European Revolutionaire", the image of the steamboat carrying away the woman and the first person narrative style seem to connect this manuscript most clearly to the development of what would eventually become section 4 of "The Sleepers" first appearing in print with this title in 1871. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [Where the little musk ox carries his] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00261 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 1 
  
 Folder: 88 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 6 x 19 cm, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: Inscribed and revised on both sides in pencil. The only line used from the recto ("Where the life car is drawn on the slip-noose") is deleted here; it became part of what would eventually form section 33 of "Song of Myself." The deleted verso lines (beginning "Who knows that I shall not myself / [...] time be a God, as pure and prodigious/ as any?") constitute a poetic revision of prose notes in Library of Congress notebook #85, and seem to have led up to what would eventually become section 48 of "Song of Myself." 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [You there] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00263 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 1 
  
 Folder: 88 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 12.5 x 20 cm, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: The left side of the manuscript is torn as if the page had been removed from a notebook. This page was apparently inscribed very close to the publication of the 1855 Leaves of Grass; with a few revisions it became part of what would eventually be section 40 of "Song of Myself." On the verso appear undeleted notes defining and illustrating such verse forms as "hexameters," "dactyl," "Spondee," "Iambus," and "Trochee." These notes represent an incomplete version of notes on a manuscript currently housed at Rutgers University. Scholars have commented that the Rutgers manuscript probably dates to 1856 or afterwards, when Whitman was pursuing a self-education in poetry, suggesting that the verso notes of this manuscript also date to that period. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [And their voices] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00264 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 1 
  
 Folder: 88 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4.5 x 19.5 cm, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: A pencil question mark appears above a very faint line linking "valved" and "cornet." These half-prose, half-poetic notes were revised and incorporated in two separate verses of what would become "Song of Myself": the eventual verse 597, in section 26 ("I hear...the keyed cornet") and verse 1067 in section 42 ("Ever the vexer's hoot! hoot! till we find where the sly one hides and bring him/ forth..."). 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [The smell of the salt marsh] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00265 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 1 
  
 Folder: 88 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 8.5 x 20 cm, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: The first line originally read "Odor of the salt marsh, and of the mud and sea-weed[.]" An earlier version of these lines is also associated with proto-"Song of Myself" verses in Library of Congress Notebook #80 ("And the salt marsh and creek have/ delicious odors..."). The "unearthly laugh of the laughing-gull" reappears in what would eventually become line 763 (section 33) of "Song of Myself." Most of the lines were incorporated, however (after further revision), into the tenth poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. This poem was titled "Poem of The Child That Went Forth, and Always Goes Forth, Forever and Forever" in the 1856 edition, after which it became number 9 in the 1860 group "Leaves of Grass," number 1 of a different "Leaves of Grass" group in 1867, and, finally, "There Was a Child Went Forth" in the 1872 edition. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [I am become the poet of babes and] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00269 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 1 
  
 Folder: 88 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4 x 14.5 cm pasted to 4.5 x 15 cm, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: The verso lines beginning "I think I could dash the girder of the earth / away" and "Surely I am out of my head!" are deleted with several pencil strokes. The deleted number 209 appears in the top right corner of the lower section. After much revision the recto lines, which are related to lines in Library of Congress Notebook #80, seem to have become part of what would be section 44 of "Song of Myself." The verso contains an early draft of lines eventually incorporated in section 27 of the poem. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [Can ? make me so exuberant yet so faintish] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00273 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 1 
  
 Folder: 88 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 6 x 19.5 cm, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: The recto verses bear some similarity to what would eventually form section 28 of "Song of Myself," while the deleted lines on the verso (beginning "This mouth is pulled by some sexton for his dismalest fee,") represent a fragment of draft lines eventually incorporated in the sixth poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, a poem permanently retitled "Faces" in the 1872 edition. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [You woman, mother of children] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00137 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 2 
  
 Folder: 2 
  
 Date: 1850-1860 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 24.5 cm x 24.5 cm, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: This manuscript contains images of women as mother and wife. The husband and wife together at night appears consistently as one of the images used in the poem ultimately titled "Song of Myself" throughout all of the editions of Leaves of Grass. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: The Whale-boat 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00117 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 2 
  
 Folder: 23 
  
 Repository ID: #3829-i 
  
 Date: late 1850s 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21 cm x 12 cm, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: This manuscript contains notes about whales that mirror a passage about whales published in "Song of Myself". A direct relationship between this manuscript and Whitman's published work is unknown, although a possible relationship also exists with drafts of the poem "The Sleepers" in which Whitman was working with the idea of a whale being harpooned. These notes may be a continuation of notes written on two separate scraps and held at Duke University (The Trent Collection of Walt Whitman Manuscripts, Duke University Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library), "The Whale," MS 4to 88. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [med Cophósis] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: loc.00005 
  
 Repository: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman 
  
 Series: Notes and Notebooks 
  
 Box: 39 
  
 Folder: Literary, Before 1855, Women 
  
 Date: Between 1852 and 1854 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 
  
 Content: These pages were written by Whitman in the early to mid-1850s. William White, in his edition of Whitman's Daybooks and Notebooks, 3 vols. (New York: New York University Press, 1978), noted a relationship between these pages and the poems "Who Learns My Lesson Complete?," "By Blue Ontario's Shore," "Song of the Answerer," and "There Was a Child Went Forth." Some of the ideas and language being worked out here also appear in the poem that would be titled "Song of Myself." For a discussion of the dating and importance of this notebook, see Matt Miller, Collage of Myself: Walt Whitman and the Making of Leaves of Grass (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2010), 11–16. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: Summer Duck 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: loc.00158 
  
 Repository: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman 
  
 Series: Notes and Notebooks 
  
 Box: 39 
  
 Folder: Literary, Before 1855, Wood Drake 
  
 Date: Between 1852 and 1855 
  
 Genre: poetry, prose 
  
 Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 
  
 Content: An early manuscript. William White, in his edition of Whitman's Daybooks and Notebooks, 3 vols. (New York: New York University Press, 1978), noted a relationship between the material at the beginning of this manuscript and what eventually became section 13, lines 237–243 of "Song of Myself." The lines at the bottom of the back side of the second leaf contributed to what became section 22 of that poem, lines 464–469. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: The fester of defeat sharper than the 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00023 
  
 Repository: New York Public Library: The Henry W. and Albert A. Berg Collection of English and American Literature 
  
 Date: 1854—1855 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: Poetic lines, some of which appeared slightly revised in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. These lines comprise part of the poem Whitman eventually titled "Song of Myself." On the verso of this scrap of paper is a prose fragment in which Whitman quotes Voltaire. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: Autobiographical Data 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: loc.05935 
  
 Repository: Library of Congress: The Thomas Biggs Harned Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman 
  
 Box: 6 
  
 Folder: Notebooks [before 1855] 
  
 Date: Between 1848 and 1856 
  
 Genre: prose, poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 10 leaves, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 
  
 Content: Photostats, made for William L. Finkel sometime "prior to 1942," of a notebook then in the collection but lost during World War II. Partial transcriptions, done by Emory Holloway and Clifton Furness in the 1920s, indicate that the photostats, which show sixteen full pages and portions of four others, are an incomplete representation of the original. Neither the photostats nor extant transcriptions bear any definitive evidence for dating the notebook, but scholars have generally agreed that Whitman must have written its contents around the time of the publication of the first edition of Leaves of Grass in 1855. Ed Folsom has noted a connection between a passage shown on the right side of the fourth image and the account of the "mash'd fireman" in "Song of Myself." See Folsom, "Erasing Race: The Lost Black Presence in Whitman's Manuscripts," in Whitman Noir: Black America and the Good Gray Poet (Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 2014), 3–31. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: I know a rich capitalist 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00129 
  
 Repository: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman 
  
 Date: between 1854 and 1860 
  
 Genre: prose, poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 14 leaves, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 
  
 Content: A notebook of twelve leaves, plus covers, which Whitman seems to have used between 1854 and about 1860. Andrew C. Higgins has argued that, in the months prior to the publication of the first edition of Leaves of Grass in 1855, the poet used separate notebooks to work out various themes. This one, he says, Whitman used "to develop his cosmology and theory of love" (see Higgins, "Wage Slavery and the Composition of Leaves of Grass: The 'Talbot Wilson' Notebook," Walt Whitman Quarterly Review 20, no. 2 [2002]: 74n14). The notebook contains at least eight passages that appear to have contributed to published works. Of these, the majority are early articulations of images and phrases that appeared in the first poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, eventually titled "Song of Myself." These include two different drafts (one in prose, on surface 11, and one in verse, on surface 14) beginning "Love is the cause of causes." Surfaces 4, 7, and 15 also bear passages that possibly contributed to this poem. The passage on surface 4 might also be related to the 1855 poems eventually titled "A Song for Occupations" and "Great Are the Myths." On surface 22 is a passage possibly connected to the 1855 Preface. Another passage, on surface 26, clearly contributed to the 1856 poem "Poem of the Road" (later titled "Song of the Open Road"), and another, on surface 15, seems to have contributed to the 1860–1861 poem "Chants Democratic. 4" (later titled "Our Old Feuillage"). Emory Holloway has pointed out that Whitman's reference to the sinking of the San Francisco indicates that this notebook, "or at least part of it, is later than 1853." He writes that "it was probably begun in 1854" because the "marble church" mentioned on the first page presumably refers to the Marble Collegiate Church in Manhattan, "which was not completed until then" (see Holloway, "A Whitman Manuscript," American Mercury 3 [December 1924], 475–480). No image of the outside back cover is available because the notebook has been stitched into a larger volume. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [Remember if you are dying] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00278 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 1 
  
 Folder: 88 
  
 Date: 1855-1859 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 8 x 15.5 cm, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: The verso lines (beginning "[sl]ueing,/...[be]nding,/...halt in the shade,") represent a fragment of a polished pre-1855-publication draft of lines that would eventually belong in section 13 of "Song of Myself." Whitman used this leaf at some point after 1855 to jot down the recto verses perpendicular to the ruled lines. These seem to constitute a complete but very early draft of the poem "To One Shortly To Die," first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass in the cluster "Messenger Leaves." In the upper right corner of the recto appear the words "note / last page of 'Ghost-seers'" in Whitman's hand, suggesting that he had considered forming a cluster under this title, never published, in Leaves of Grass, perhaps in the 1860 edition. The phrase "Ghost-seers" recalls a statement regarding Emerson in "Leaves-Droppings," a section of correspondence and commentary Whitman appended to the 1856 edition: "[Emerson] sees the future of truths as our Spirit-seers discern the future of man..." 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [The genuine miracles of Christ] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: loc.01019 
  
 Repository: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman 
  
 Series: Literary File 
  
 Box: 36 
  
 Folder: Undated, "The Genuine Miracles of Christ," draft 
  
 Date: about 1855 
  
 Genre: prose, poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: A cancelled prose manuscript containing lines which contributed to Whitman's published poetry. The line which reads, "the vast elemental sympathy which, only the human soul is capable of generating and emitting in steady and limitless floods," was used, slightly revised, in "A Song of Joys," which first appeared in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass, as "Poem of Joys." The line which reads, "descend from the tips of his fingers from the smell of his body from the vapor of his lungs" was revised and used in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, and eventually was included in what ultimately came to be the 39th stanza of "Song of Myself." 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: [I must not deceive you—you are to die] 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00280 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 1 
  
 Folder: 88 
  
 Date: 1855-1860 
  
 Genre: poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4 x 14.5 cm, handwritten 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: The verso lines (beginning "[I] and nobody else am the greatest traitor,") represent a later draft than similar verses in Library of Congress Notebook #80 of what would eventually become part of section 28 of "Song of Myself." The recto lines were revised to form part of the 1860 poem "To One Shortly To Die." 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Whitman Archive Title: Brutish human beings 
  
 Whitman Archive ID: uva.00085 
  
 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library 
  
 Box: 1 
  
 Folder: 12 
  
 Repository Title: Brutish human beings - wild men - the 'koboo' 
  
 Repository ID: #3829-i 
  
 Date: 1857-1859 
  
 Genre: prose, poetry 
  
 Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten, printed 
  
 View images: 1 | 2 
  
 Content: This manuscript contains notes by Whitman about what he calls "a very low kind of human beings," "wild men," the "koboo," apparently described to Whitman by Elias Pierson in June 1857. Pierson had been to China in the rebel army of Canton, and had seen the aboriginal "koboo" people, as reported in the manuscript, in the Ladrone islands, in the South China Sea off Canton. To reinforce the truthfulness of Pierson's stories about the "koboo," Whitman mentions the fact that Captain Walter Murray Gibson, who had also talked about the "koboo" people (possibly in the book Report, American Geographical and Statistical Society. Monthly Meeting. March, 1854. Captain Walter M. Gibson on the East Indian Archipelago: a Description of Its Wild Races of Men, published in 1854, and/or in The Prison of Weltevredin, and a Glance at the East Indian Archipelago, published in 1855), had affirmed that all his statements in the book were true and made in good faith. Since the term "koboo" is used by Whitman in "Song of Myself" (the term already appeared in the first published version of the poem, in the 1855 edition, and was retained in all the subsequent editions) and in "Salut au Monde!" (the term appeared in the first published version of the poem in the 1856 edition and was retained in all the subsequent editions), it is probable that Whitman first learned about the "koboo" by reading Gibson, and then heard again about them from Pierson. The manuscript also contains a clipping of a short newspaper column entitled "The Wild Men of Borneo," and a short comment on it. 
  
  
  
  
  
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 achary Turpin, a University of Houston graduate student, talks about the poet Walt Whitman at his home, Thursday, Feb. 16, 2017, in Houston. Turpin recently discovered a previously unknown novella by Whitman. 
  
 Photo: Jon Shapley, Houston Chronicle ||||| A “rollicking” anti-lawyer revenge fantasy by Walt Whitman, which challenges previously held ideas about the American poet’s transition from prose to poetry, has been found in the archives of a Victorian New York Sunday newspaper. Though published anonymously, the book matches a detailed synopsis in the poet’s notebook for a project academics had thought abandoned. 
  
 Walt Whitman revealed as author of 'Manly Health' guide Read more 
  
 Entitled The Life and Adventures of Jack Engle, the book has just been published free online by the Walt Whitman Quarterly Review. Announcing the discovery unearthed in Whitman materials held at the Library of Congress, Ed Folsom, editor of the journal, said the discovery would change everything previously known about the author’s early writing career. “Now we see that the fiction and poetry were mingling in ways we never before knew,” he said. 
  
 Zachary Turpin of the University of Houston discovered the novel in Manhattan-based newspaper the Sunday Dispatch. Set in New York, it was serialised in 1852 and written at the same time as the poet began work on his landmark epic poem Leaves of Grass, published three years later. 
  
 Described by Turpin as “a fun, rollicking, creative, twisty, bizarre little book”, Jack Engle is a classic rags-to-riches orphan’s story about a corrupt lawyer, Mr Covert, who tries to trick his ward Martha out of her inheritance. Jack, who works for Covert, sets out to save his fellow orphan and in the process discovers his fate is tied up with hers. In true Dickensian style, Whitman appears to settle old scores in the book: the writer’s father was also swindled by a New York lawyer. 
  
 Facebook Twitter Pinterest The announcement of Whitman’s novel 
  
 Turpin found the 36,000-word novel as he ploughed through the prolific author’s “odds and ends” in the Integrated Catalog of Walt Whitman’s Literary Manuscripts, a comprehensive list of the poet’s surviving papers, jottings, manuscript drafts, scraps and notebooks. Among the scraps, a series of character names appeared: Covert, Jack Engle, Wigglesworth and Smytthe. Painstaking detective work led him to a tiny notice from 1852 in the New York Daily Times (now the New York Times) advertising the serialisation in the Sunday Dispatch of an autobiography, The Life and Adventures of Jack Engle. 
  
 “Something about it just seemed right,” the academic said. “The name Jack Engle. The year. The newspaper (to which we know Whitman had contributed before).” The clincher came when he matched the character names from Whitman’s notebook with those in the published story. “I couldn’t believe that, for a few minutes, I was the only person on Earth who knew about this book.” 
  
 Facebook Twitter Pinterest The opening of The Life and Adventures of Jack Engle. Photograph: Walt Whitman Quarterly Review 
  
 The discovery is significant not only for its rarity. The extent of Whitman’s prose fiction was previously unknown. The book reveals he grappled with a desire to find the right form in which to express his ideas. “The Whitman we see in Jack Engle is not yet the confident, committed poet we now take him to have always been,” Turpin explained. “It is during this vital time that he’s experimenting, trying on different genres and modes of writing, looking for one that’s ample and expansive enough to express what [Ralph Waldo] Emerson would call ‘the infinitude of the private man’.” 
  
 Folsom agreed the novel revealed Whitman’s struggle with form and that it gives a precise time for his move into poetry. In chapter 19, the plot comes to an abrupt end as Jack wanders through a graveyard and the plots of the buried merge into endless lost life stories. As he contemplates these lost plots, Jack feel the grass covering his own face. Folsom said: “I sense at this moment Whitman is discovering why conventional plots will no longer serve for the kind of writing he feels he has to accomplish, and this novel thus lets us experience the moment in the process of Whitman’s development when he realises fiction simply will not serve the kind of creative work he will devote the rest of his life to.” 
  
 A revival in Whitman’s work may be due. Prized for his originality, compassion, idealism and democratic patriotism, the poet saw himself as a prophet for what the US might become. “The Whitman of the early 1850s is absolutely ablaze,” said Turpin, who has form in finding unusual lost works by Whitman. Last year, he discovered a book-length guide to “manly health” by the poet, which tackled everything from virility to foot care and exercise. Hinting that more may be mined from the archives, Turpin added: “This new novel may also indicate that he didn’t give up prose. God knows – he could have, and probably did, write several more novels, if not many more than that. For all we know, they could be hiding in plain sight. Exciting, isn’t it?” |||||
What is a summary?
– A University of Houston grad student poking around in the Library of Congress' archives stumbled across a long-lost novel from the mid-19th century—and it's a discovery the editor of the Walt Whitman Quarterly Review tells the Houston Chronicle is "going to change everything we thought we knew" about the American poetry legend his publication is named for. English PhD candidate Zachary Turpin's find: Whitman's Life and Adventures of Jack Engle, originally offered to readers in 1852 as a six-piece series in New York's Sunday Dispatch. The New York Times describes the then-anonymously written 36,000-word piece as a "quasi-Dickensian tale" (which it notes shows hints of Whitman's Leaves of Grass, published in 1855) about an orphan, with a bevy of compelling characters and "more than a few unlikely plot twists and jarring narrative shifts." Turpin, who hit Whitman gold in 2015 when he found a lost Whitman advice series, told the Times last year that his obsession with searching for unattributed Whitman works is "kind of a sickness I have in off-hours." This time around, his quest had him plumbing an archive that contained various Whitman notes, drafts, and other miscellaneous records, per the Guardian. One set of scraps featured a bunch of character names, including "Jack Engle," and when Turpin plugged those names into databases of Victorian-era newspapers, up popped a tiny Times ad for the upcoming Engle serial set to appear in the Dispatch, which Whitman was known to have written for. "I couldn't believe that, for a few minutes, I was the only person on Earth who knew about this book," Turpin says. Read the story at the Walt Whitman Quarterly Review. (A husband-and-wife team identified a Whitman poem in 2014.)
Artikel: Sång of Myself Whitman Archive Titel: [Jag säger att stjärnorna inte är ekon] Whitman Archive ID: loc.00042 Arkiv: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman Series: Litterary File Box: 29 Folder: Song of Myself (1855). A.MS. Utkast. Datum: odaterad Genre: poesi, prosa Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskriven Visa bilder: 1 <unk> <unk> 2 Innehåll: Ett utkast till en dikt som liknar avsnitt 23 i den slutliga versionen av "Song of Myself" men vars specifika relation till Whitmans publicerade verk är okänd. Utkastet, om än inte identiskt, har många rader som liknar det postumt publicerade manuskriptet med titeln "[Jag är poeten]". På verso finns ett utkast till ett oidentifierat prosaverk. Whitman Archive Titel: Av detta breda och majestätiska Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00549 Arkiv: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman Datum: Före eller tidigt 1855 Genre: poesi, prosa Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 â€€ 2 Innehåll: Två fraser och bilder från detta manuskript visas, något ändrad, i 1855 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass, i dikten som senare skulle tituleras "Song of Myself." Manuskriptet skrevs därför troligen före eller i början av 1855. I manuskriptet har Whitman lagt till frasen "timotejen och klövern" till en beskrivning av växter som växer i ett fält. På sidan 18 i 1855 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass beskriver Whitman hoppning från tvärbalkarna i en lada in i höet säger han skall "segla klövern och timothy." Senare i manuskriptet skriver han om "bovetet och dess vita toppar och bina som nynnar där hela dagen", och på sidan 36 i 1855 års blad skriver han om det "vita och bruna bovetet, en hummer och en summer där med resten". En liknande rad rörande bovete och bin förekom i dikten "Kom upp från fälten Fader", och en hänvisning till "klöver och timothy" förekom i "Give Me the Splendid Silent Sun". Båda dikterna publicerades första gången i Drum-Taps 1865. "Clover and timothy" förekommer också i dikten "Hjältarnas återkomst", som publicerades första gången i 1881 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass. På baksidan av detta manuskript (nyp.00085) finns poetiska rader, varav en förekom i dikten ytterst med titeln "I Sing the Body Electric." Whitman Archive Title: to enjoy the Panorama Whitman Archive ID: amh.00008 Arkiv: Amherst College Archives and Special Collections Datum: ca 1850 Genre: prosa Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskriven Visa bilder: 1 <unk> <unk> 2 Innehåll: Handstilen på detta utkast fragment indikerar att det skrevs ganska tidigt, troligen innan publiceringen av Leaves of Grass 1855. Det mesta av fragmentet beskriver ett rörligt panorama, en populär form av underhållning under antebellumperioden. Den juxtaposition Whitman sätter upp i detta manuskript (av målat panorama till egentligt landskap) förekommer i en rad som publicerades i 1855 och 1856 års upplagor av Leaves of Grass, ur dikten som senare skulle få titeln "Song of Myself": "Havets panorama . . . . Men havet självt?" Whitman Archive Titel: A man of gigant Whitman Archive ID: duk.00293 Arkiv: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 32 Datum: före eller i början av 1855 Genre: poesi, prosa Fysisk Beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Prosa fragment överväger kombinationen i en man av makt och medkänsla, förmodligen relaterade till rader från öppningsdikten av 1855 Leaves of Grass – vad skulle senare bli "Song of Myself." Edward F. Grier konstaterar att den "heroiska hanen" som beskrivs här är "en favoritbild" i första upplagan (1855) av Leaves of Grass (Notböcker och opublicerade Prosamanuskript [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 1:178). Tvärtom finns ett annat prosafragment (duk.00888) som handlar om vikten av självständigt tänkande mitt bland sociala lag- och sedvanekrafter, samt beskriver attributen hos en "perfekt" människa. Whitman Archive Titel: Det är den oändliga vanföreställningen Whitman Archive ID: duk.00800 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS q 6 Datum: 1855 eller före Genre: prosa, poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna View images: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Detta prosamanuskript innehåller en rad som liknar en från dikten som så småningom skulle ha titeln "Song of Myself." Nära rektons botten skriver Whitman att "Den ädla själen avvisar stadigt varje frihet eller privilegium eller rikedom som inte är öppen på samma villkor för varannan man och varannan kvinna..." Jämför detta med raden från den första dikten i 1855 års upplaga av Leaves: "Vid Gud! Jag accepterar ingenting som alla inte kan ha sin motsvarighet till på samma villkor." Det omvända (duk.00261) innehåller idéer och språk relaterade till vad som så småningom blev avsnitt 41 av "Song of Myself." Detta skulle antyda ett datum in eller före 1855. Whitman Archive Titel: är bredare än den västra Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00510 Arkiv: New York Public Library: The Henry W. och Albert A. Berg Collection of English and American Literature Datum: Före eller i början av 1855 Genre: poesi, prosa Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: Ett utkast fragment inklusive fraser och poetiska rader som reviderades och användes i olika dikter av Leaves of Grass. "Orbedöppningen av vems mun", slog igenom på detta manuskript, är antydande till en rad som dök upp i dikten slutligen kallas "Song of Myself": "Orbic flex i hans mun häller och fyller mig fullt." Raden "Naturen är oförskämd till en början—men en gång började aldrig däck" användes något ändrad i 1856 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass, under titeln "Vägens poem" (Whitman reviderade titeln till "Song of the Open Road" i 1867 års upplaga). På baksidan av detta manuskript finns ett prosafragment i ämnet kunskap och lärande (nyp.00024). Whitman Archive Titel: De mest perfekta underverken Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00057 Arkiv: New York Public Library: The Henry W. och Albert A. Berg Collection of English and American Literature Repository Titel: De mest perfekta underverken... Datum: Före eller i början av 1855 Genre: prosa Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: En del av språket i detta manuskript liknar formuleringen i dikten som så småningom skulle få titeln "Sång av mig själv." Se till exempel: "Det som är vanligast och billigast och närmast och lättast är mig", (1855, s. 21); "Jag intar min plats bland er lika mycket som bland någon", (1855, s. 48); "Inte heller förstår jag vem som kan vara underbarare än jag själv" (1855, s. 54); "Det är för er vem ni än är . . . . Det är inte längre från dig än din hörsel och syn är från dig, / Det antyds av närmaste och vanligaste och redo. . . . Det är inte dem, även om det är ändlöst provocerad av dem" (1855, s. 59). Baserat på handstilen daterar Edward Grier detta manuskript till 1855 eller tidigare (Notböcker och opublicerade prosamanuskript [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 1:186). Whitman Archive Title: Enter into the thoughts Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00112 Repository: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman Repository Title: Enter into the thoughts of the different theological tross Datum: före 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk Beskrivning: 1 blad, handskriven Visa bilder: 1 Innehåll: Ett manuskript som innehåller rader om "in [in] i tankarna på de olika teologiska troserna." Edward Grier krediterar R. M. Bucke med att peka ut textens likhet med en del av "Song of Myself" (speciellt den del som skulle bli avsnitt 43 i Dödsbäddsutgåvan). En gång en del av en större skrot som började med "Till exempel, viska." Edward F. Grier krediterar R. M. Bucke med att peka ut textens "likhet med "Song of Myself" (1855), sek. 43, ll. 1096-1110. Datumet är otvivelaktigt före 1855." Whitman Archive Titel: [Jag kan berätta om den länge belägrade staden] Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00511 Arkiv: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman Repository Titel: Jag kan berätta om den länge belägrade staden Datum: 1845–1855 Genre: prosa, poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna View images: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: En bit papper med poetiska linjer som användes i reviderad form i 1855 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass. De rader som fanns i detta manuskript användes så småningom i dikten med sista titeln "Song of Myself". På verso av detta skrot finns ett prosafragment utan känd koppling till Whitmans publicerade verk. Whitman Archive Title: mal where you may Whitman Archive ID: rut.00025 Repository: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey: Special Collections and University Archives Repository ID: Ac.605 Datum: 1845–1855 Genre: poesi, prosa Fysisk Beskrivning: 1 blad, handskriven Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: Recto är ett manuskript fragment som innehåller flera rader av prosa som ingick, med något omarbetad ordalydelse, som linjer av poesi i den ursprungliga dikten av 1855 Leaves of Grass (ultimatly titled "Song of Myself"). Raderna som förekommer i dikten börjar med "Sitt en stund vägfarare" och fortsätter genom slutet av manuskriptet, slutar med "och öppna porten för din uttåg därav." Dessa rader skulle kvarstå, med mindre revideringar, genom alla de olika versionerna av "Song of Myself". Verso (rut.00024) innehåller en prosanot som inte verkar ha någon koppling till Whitmans publicerade verk. Whitman Archive Titel: [Och för mig varje minut av natten] Whitman Archive ID: tex.00057 Arkiv: University of Texas at Austin: The Walt Whitman Collection, Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center Box: 2 Mapp: 1 Arkiv Titel: Sång av mig själv Datum: Före 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: Ett tiotal utkast rader av öppningsdikten av 1855 Leaves of Grass, ytterst med titeln "Sång av mig själv." Detta manuskriptavsnitt utgörs av versioner av rader som förekom i den första publicerade versionen av dikten, samt i 1855 års förord. Olika rader från detta enda avsnitt förekommer på vitt spridda ställen: i den slutliga versionen av "Song of Myself" förekommer de i avsnitten 5, 13, 16, 31, 36 och 43, medan andra förekommer i dikten med titeln "To Think of Time" och i den för-1855 handskrivna dikten "Pictures". Versot (tex.00001) visar en trevande anordning av dikterna till 1855 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass, med arbetstitlar. Whitman Archive Titel: [Den vilda gander leder] Whitman Archive ID: loc.00507 Arkiv: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman Series: Litterary File Box: 20 Folder: L of G (1855). Manuskriptsida. Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskriven Visa bilder: 1 <unk> <unk> 2 Innehåll: Ett handskrivet utkast på en sida av en del av "Song of Myself", som publicerades först 1855. Dessa linjer blev så småningom avsnitt 14 och början på avsnitt 15 i den slutliga versionen av Leaves of Grass. På baksidan (loc.07428) finns en lång lista med ord, varav många återfinns i dikten så småningom "Song of the Broad-Axe." Whitman Archive Titel: För kom ihåg att Whitman Archive ID: loc.05334 Arkiv: Library of Congress: The Thomas Biggs Harned Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman Datum: Mellan 1845 och 1860 Genre: prosa Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 Â° 2 Innehåll: Edward Grier noterar att detta skrot innehåller idéer liknande de som finns i vad som skulle bli avsnitt 4 av dikten så småningom med titeln "Song of Myself." Både detta manuskript och diktavsnittet diskuterar idén att en persons sanna jag inte definieras av exteriöra fångstmetoder eller sociala protokoll. Men Grier anger också att detta manuskript kunde vara anteckningar till en föreläsning som Whitman planerade (Notböcker och opublicerade Prosamanuskript [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 6:2047). I båda fallen dateras handskriften sannolikt till 1850-talet. Whitman Archive Titel: [Du skurk, Touch!] Whitman Archive ID: tex.00002 Repository: The University of Texas at Austin: The Walt Whitman Collection, Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center Box: 2 Folder: 1 Repository Titel: Sång of Myself, Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi, prosa Fysisk Beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Ena sidan av detta manuskript funktioner om elva rader, kraftigt omarbetad, för dikten så småningom med titeln "Song of Myself", börjar med You bow, Touch! Dikten publicerades första gången i 1855 års första upplaga av Leaves of Grass. Noterna på andra sidan, angående förhistoriskt människoliv, är inte kända för att vara relaterade till något av Whitmans publicerade verk. Whitman Archive Titel: Så gärna vi lämnar Whitman Archive ID: duk.00296 Arkiv: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS q 32 Datum: Före eller tidigt i 1855 Genre: prosa, poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Prosa fragment som kännetecknar sociala interaktioner med "lärda och förfinade" som kvävande i jämförelse med erfarenheter som delas med "riktiga män och kvinnor." Beskrivningen av "båtsmän" med "trowsers instoppade i sina stövlar" kan vara besläktad med en liknande beskrivning i dikten som så småningom skulle tituleras "Song of Myself" ("Båtkarlarna och musslorna uppstod tidigt och stannade för mig, / jag stoppade mina trowser-ändar i mina stövlar och gick och hade roligt"). Frasen "riktiga män och kvinnor uppfriskande, hjärtliga och onda" ledde troligen till följande rad, som förekommer senare i samma dikt: "Ever mig själv och mina grannar, uppfriskande och ondskefulla och verkliga." Dessa förbindelser antyder ett datum före eller i början av 1855. Edward Grier konstaterar att detta manuskript vid ett tillfälle var sammanhållet med ett annat manuskript (Notböcker och opublicerade prosamanuskript [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 1:169; se duk.00297). Whitman Archive Titel: [Fa]bles, traditioner, och Whitman Archive ID: duk.00261 Arkiv: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 6 Datum: Mellan 1850 och 1855 Genre: poesi, prosa Fysisk Beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: Ett manuskript utkast med idéer och språk relaterade till vad som så småningom blev avsnitt 41 av "Song of Myself" och till den obetitlade fjortonde dikten av 1860 klustret "Debris." "Song of Myself" utkom första gången, utan titel, i Leaves of Grass (1855); den hade första titeln, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American", i 1856 års upplaga, och Whitman förkortade titeln till "Walt Whitman" 1860–1861. Den slutliga titeln, "Song of Myself", infördes inte förrän 1881–1882 års upplaga av Leaves. Det omvända (duk.00800) innehåller orelaterad prosaskrift, inklusive en rad som liknar den som finns i "Song of Myself." Whitman Archive Titel: Att vara alls Whitman Archive ID: duk.00001 Arkiv: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 2 Datum: 1855 eller före Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Detta manuskript innehåller utkast rader för vad som blev avsnitt 27 av "Song of Myself", som först publicerades som öppningsdikt i 1855 års utgåva av Leaves of Grass. År 1897 publicerades efter Whitmans död en dikt med titeln "Att vara alls", baserad på detta manuskript, i "Gamla tidens ekon". På baksidan (duk.00883) finns anteckningar, rättegångsrader, och listor med ord och fraser relaterade till vad som så småningom blev avsnitt 24 och 49 av "Song of Myself" och till rader som ingår i "The Sleepers". Båda dikterna publicerades första gången i 1855 års första upplaga av Leaves of Grass. Whitman Archive Titel: Outdoors is the best Whitman Archive ID: duk.00297 Arkiv: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 32 Datum: Före eller i början av 1855 Genre: prosa, poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Detta prosa fragment extols dygder utomhusboende och överklagande av fysiska arbetare som arbetar utomhus. Liknande idéer finns i hela löv av gräs. Edward Grier konstaterar att detta manuskript vid ett tillfälle var sammanhållet med ett annat manuskript (Notböcker och opublicerade prosamanuskript [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 1:169; se duk.00296). Hänvisningen till clamdiggers i både detta skrot och tillhörande skrot kan förutse en rad i dikten som så småningom fick titeln "Song of Myself" ("Båtkarlarna och clamdiggers uppstod tidigt och stannade för mig, / jag stoppade mina trowser-ändar i mina stövlar och gick och hade en bra tid"). Detta tyder på ett datum före eller i början av 1855. Whitman Archive Titel: Kom ihåg att klockan Whitman Archive ID: duk.00298 Arkiv: Duke University: Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 32 Datum: före eller i början av 1855 Genre: prosa, poesi Fysisk Beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: En prosa manuskript som huvudsakligen behandlar föreställningar om tiden och som kan ha bidragit till följande rad i den första dikten i 1855 års utgåva av Leaves of Grass (eventuellt med titeln "Song of Myself"): "Klockan anger ögonblicket . . . . Men vad tyder evigheten på?" De sista raderna i manuskriptet innehåller idéer och fraser som liknar en annan passage av samma dikt. Manuskriptets liknande av "Gud" eller "själen" vid en "Äldre Broder" är minnisk av rader "Och jag vet att Guds hand är min egen äldste, / Och jag vet att Guds ande är min egen äldste broder." Dessa korrespondenser antyder ett datum före eller i början av 1855. Whitman Archive Titel: De mest fantastiska skönheter Whitman Archive ID: duk.00304 Arkiv: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 33 Datum: före eller tidigt i 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Noter, eller möjligen trial lines, uttrycker tanken att den högsta skönheten finns i vad som är "Billigaste" och "vanligast," förmodligen ansluten till en passage i avsnitt 14 av "Song of Myself", först publiceras utan titel i Leaves of Grasss (1855). Dikten hade första gången titeln "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," i 1856 års upplaga, och Whitman förkortade titeln till "Walt Whitman" 1860–1861. Den slutliga titeln, "Song of Myself", användes första gången i 1881–1882 års upplaga av Leaves. Detta skrot har av en samlare eller arkivarie fästs vid ett uppställningsark, tillsammans med "Det synes mig", "Vad skall då den store skalden vara?" och "inte göra några citat." Whitman Archive Titel: In metaphysical points Whitman Archive ID: duk.00159 Arkiv: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 67 Datum: 1855 eller före Genre: prosa, poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Manuskript om vetenskapens och "själens roller" i rädslan för sanningen. Det fragmentariska stycket längst ner i bladet tycks vara grodden till vissa rader av vad som så småningom blev "Song of Myself", avsnitt 23, först publicerad utan titel i Leaves of Grass (1855). Dikten fick första gången titeln, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," i 1856 års upplaga, och Whitman förkortade titeln till "Walt Whitman" 1860–1861. Den slutliga titeln, "Song of Myself", infördes inte förrän 1881–1882 års upplaga av Leaves. Whitman Archive Titel: mig själv för att fira Whitman Archive ID: duk.00787 Arkiv: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Datum: Mellan 1850 och 1855 Genre: poesi, prosa Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna View images: 1 â€€ 2 Innehåll: Ett manuskript som innehåller rader som ingår i dikten slutligen med titeln "Song of Myself", inklusive diktens berömda öppning, "Jag firar mig själv." "Song of Myself" dök först upp utan titel i Leaves of Grass (1855). Dikten hade första titeln, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," i 1856 års Leaves, och Whitman förkortade titeln till "Walt Whitman" 1860–1861. Den slutliga titeln, "Song of Myself", infördes inte förrän 1881–1882 års upplaga av Leaves. På baksidan finns ett prosamanuskript (duk.00879) med okänd koppling till Whitmans publicerade verk. I förvaret är detta manuskript bundet, till synes av en samlare, med en boktryckarkopia av 1881-82 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass som innehåller talrika handskrivna rättelser av Whitman (duk.00098). Whitman Archive Title: It was unworthy a live man to be Whitman Archive ID: duk.00162 Arkiv: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS q 203 Datum: Före eller i början av 1855 Genre: poesi, prosa Fysisk Beskrivning: 1 blad, handskriven Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: En tidig skrot av prosa material liknande delar av "Song of Myself", som först dök upp utan titel i Leaves of Grass (1855). Dikten hade första gången titeln "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," i 1856 års upplaga, och Whitman förkortade titeln till "Walt Whitman" 1860–1861. Den slutliga titeln, "Song of Myself", infördes inte förrän 1881–1882 års upplaga av Leaves. Manuskriptets sista tre rader kan ha bidragit till vad som blev avsnitt 32, där Whitman beskriver att man vill "leva en stund med djur" eftersom "[t]hej svettas inte och gnäller om deras tillstånd, / De ligger inte vakna i mörkret och gråter över sina synder." Dessa rader förekom i den första versionen av dikten 1855, vilket antyder ett datum före eller tidigt det året. Whitman Archive Titel: Sweet flag Whitman Archive ID: duk.00883 Arkiv: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository Titel: Song of Myself (Autograph MS, draft portions) Att vara över huvud taget... Arkiv ID: MS 4 till 2 Datum: Mellan 1850 och 1855 Genre: prosa, poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Whitman skrev troligen detta manuskript i början av 1850-talet som han komponerade den första (1855) upplagan av Leaves of Grasss. Detta manuskript, fyllt med suggestiva ord och fraser, tycks ha bidragit till den första och fjärde dikten i volymen, både med titeln "Leaves of Grass" och numera mer allmänt känd genom sina sluttitlar, "Song of Myself" respektive "The Sleepers", respektive. Frasen "Bulbs of life-liljor, polerade meloner" förebådar "polerade bröst av meloner" i "Song of Myself", och listan i detta manuskript kan relatera till följande rad: "Root av tvättade söt-flagga, timorous damm-snipe, bo av bevakade dubbletter ägg, det skall vara du." Andra delar av detta manuskript tycks ha bidragit till "De sovande". Skrivandet "Jag är en blick / mystiker / i en trans/ upphöjelse" kan ha lett till raden "Jag är en dans . . . . Spela där uppe! Passningen virvlar mig snabbt." Vidare är hänvisningen till den lugnande handen kanske en tidig version av den passage där berättaren, som står "med hängande ögon av de värsta lidande och rastlösa", passerar sina "händer lugnande fram och tillbaka några tum från dem." Slutligen bidrog passagen om "Sap som flyter från slutet av den manliga lönnen" (associerad i manuskriptet med "förtjusningens tooth" och "tandspring") troligen till följande passage i samma dikt: "De vita tänderna stannar, och boss-tand framskrider i mörker, / Och sprit spills på läppar och barm genom att vidröra glasögon, och den bästa spriten efteråt." Dessa rader togs bort från diktens slutliga upplaga. Skrivandet på bladets baksida (duk.00001) bidrog till en annan del av dikten som blev "Sång av mig själv". Whitman Archive Titel: [ur fingrarnas spetsar] Whitman Archive ID: loc.05705 Arkiv: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman Series: Notes and Notebooks Box: 38 Folder: Notes & Nbks Brooklyniana Fulton St Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi, prosa Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Avbrytna och fragmentariska rader som reviderades och användes i vad som blev avsnitt 39 av den slutliga versionen av "Song of Myself", en dikt som först publicerades i Leaves of Grasss (1855). Prosanoten på andra sidan bladet berör Brooklyns historia, även om inget samband mellan den och Whitmans publicerade arbeten i det ämnet har etablerats. Whitman Archive Titel: Superb och oändligt mångfaldig Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00063 Repository: New York Public Library: The Henry W. och Albert A. Berg Collection of English and American Literature Repository Titel: Holografi anteckningar för föreläsningar och dikter; 12 anteckningar skrivna på 14 stycken papper, osignerade, odaterade. Datum: Före eller i början av 1855 Genre: prosa, poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 <unk> <unk> 2 Innehåll: Detta manuskripts diskussion om tidens och rummets vidd liknar ett avsnitt ur dikten som så småningom skulle tituleras "Song of Myself." I manuskriptet ingår frasen "oräkneliga åttamiljoner av rymdens kubiska ligor", medan en fras från diktens version i 1855 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass lyder "några åttamiljoner kubikligor, inte farospannet" (51). Vare sig denna handskrift bidrog direkt till dikten eller inte, antyder likheten att manuskriptet skrevs före eller i början av 1855. Whitman Archive Title: Night of south winds Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00078 Repository: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, ca 19,5 x 19 cm., handskrivet Visa bilder: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Ett manuskript som inkluderar språk som förekom i den första dikten i 1855 års utgåva av Leaves of Grass, i vad som senare blev avsnitt 21 av "Song of Myself." På versen finns rader som så småningom hittade in i avsnitt 31 av samma dikt. Manuskriptet bands av samlaren. Whitman Archive Titel: fåfäng mastodonten Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00079 Arkiv: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman Datum: Före eller i början av 1855 Genre: poesi, prosa Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, 18,5 gånger 19,7 cm. (oregelbunden), handskriven View images: 1 Â° 2 Innehåll: Recto innehåller utkast till rader till den första dikten av 1855 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass, med titeln "Sång av mig själv." Dessa rader är från avsnitten 31 och 32, som numrerade i 1891-92 års upplaga. På versen finns två prosanoter, den första (nyp.00523) om den täta elakheten hos män med hög social ställning och den andra (nyp.00524) om visheten att hålla "rent utanför och inne." Bladet skars tidigare mellan verso-sidans toner, troligen av Whitman, och har återförenats. Whitman Archive Titel: Loveblows Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00122 Arkiv: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman Repository Titel: Loveblows Loveblossoms Datum: Före eller tidigt 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 Innehåll: En lista över ord som börjar på "Love-" (t.ex. "Loveroot"), många av dem planterar metaforer som kunde läsas syftande på delar av kroppen, i synnerhet på könsorganen. Flera av orden fanns med i rad 14 i 1855 års version av dikten som så småningom skulle få titeln "Sång av mig själv". En annan avdelning av manuskriptet blev flera rader från den inledande strofen av "Broad-Axe Poem" i 1856 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass. Dikten skulle senare tituleras "Bred-Axens sång". Ordet "loveclimber" (hittades i manuskriptet) förekom i "Bunch Poem" i 1856 års upplaga av Leaves, senare omdöpt till "Spontan mig." Manuskriptet klistras in på ett underlag, vilket gör det verso otillgängligt. Whitman Archive Titel: Poem—en perfekt skola Whitman Archive ID: tul.00011 Arkiv: University of Tulsa: Walt Whitman Ephemera Box: 1 Mapp: 2 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi, prosa Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskriven Visa bilder: 1 ^^^2 Innehåll: Whitmans anteckningar för en dikt om "en perfekt skola." Den föreslagna dikten är inte känd för att ha publicerats, även om ord och känslor som förekommer i detta manuskript också förekom i dikten som senare skulle ha titeln "Song of Myself". Raderna på det omvända (tul.00002) bidrog till Whitmans dikt "To Think of Time", först publicerad utan titel i 1855 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass. Whitman Archive Title: In the gymnasium Whitman Archive ID: yal.00452 Arkiv: Yale University: Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library Box: 3 Mapp: 140 Datum: 1850–1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskriven Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: Två poetiska fragment, skrivna på framsidan och baksidan av ett blad. Raderna på ena sidan, som beskriver en föreställd scen i en grekisk gymnastiksal, är inte identifiable släkt med något av Whitmans publicerade verk. De på andra sidan användes i dikten ytterst med titeln "Sång av mig själv". som först publicerades i Leaves of Grass (1855). Whitman Archive Titel: Testet Whitman Archive ID: med.00727 Arkiv: Oplacerade handskrifter Datum: Före eller tidigt 1855 Genre: prosa Fysisk beskrivning: antal blad okända, handskrivna Bilder: för närvarande otillgängliga Innehåll: Raderna i detta manuskript bidrog sannolikt till rader i dikten som så småningom skulle tituleras "Song of Myself." Manuskriptets datum är därför troligen före eller i början av 1855. Whitman Archive Titel: Breathjuice Whitman Archive ID: med.00728 Arkiv: Unlocated Manuscripts Datum: Före eller tidigt 1855 Genre: prosa Fysisk Beskrivning: antal blad okända, handskrivna Bilder: för närvarande otillgänglig Innehåll: Denna lista kan indirekt ha bidragit till de idéer som fanns i vad som blev den andra delen av dikten med titeln "Song of Myself." Dessa rader behandlar andedräkt, dofter och sexualitet, som alla antyds av termerna i detta manuskript. Eftersom handskriften inte har lokaliserats är det svårt att spekulera om omständigheterna eller datum för dess sammansättning, men det verkar troligt att den skrevs före eller i början av 1855. Whitman Archive Titel: Regel i alla adresser Whitman Archive ID: loc.00163 Arkiv: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Samling av papper i Walt Whitman Series: Noter och anteckningsböcker Box: 39 Folder: Literary, Regel i alla adresser. Datum: Före 1856 Genre: prosa, poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskriven Visa bilder: 1 <unk> <unk> 2 Innehåll: Linjer och fraser på både recto och verso av detta manuskript bidrog till delar av dikten som så småningom skulle tituleras "Song of Myself". Några rader på verso bidrog till dikten som så småningom skulle få titeln "Crossing Brooklyn Ferry." Andra rader på verso kan ha bidragit till förordet till 1855 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass. På rekton hittade frasen "kamrat och kamrat" sin väg in i "Sång av mig själv". Manuskriptraden som lyder "En mor såväl som far, ett barn såväl som en man" blir i dikten raden "Madame såväl som fader, ett barn såväl som en man." Och flera manuskriptrader, som börjar med "Inte bara en amerikan...", blir i dikten de rader som börjar "Inte bara av den nya världen..." Edward Grier spekulerar i att Whitmans not att inte "glömma bombardemanget" är i referens till "bombardemanget" av den "gamla artilleristen" i "Song of Myself" (Notböcker och opublicerade prosamanuskript [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 1:165). På versen användes senare flera fraser av prosa, i något omarbetad form, i en rad för "Sol-down Poem" i 1856 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass. År 1860 omkastades dikten till "Crossing Brooklyn Ferry". En del av manuskriptet lyder: "Jag tvivlar på om mina största tankar, som jag hade tänkt mig dem, inte är ytliga. — och folk kommer med största sannolikhet att skratta åt mig." Raden i dikten lyder: "Mina stora tankar, som jag förmodade dem, voro de inte i verkligheten magra? Skulle inte folk skratta åt mig?» Det är möjligt att några av de poetiska raderna på verso bidrog till förordet till 1855 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass. Idén om att vanliga människor är större än presidenter eller generalmajorer (från manuskriptet) kan relateras till den mening ur förordet som lyder: "Andra stater anger sig i sina deputerade .... men USA:s genialitet är inte bäst eller mest i sina exekutiver eller lagstiftande församlingar, inte heller i dess ambassadörer eller författare eller högskolor eller kyrkor eller salonger, inte ens i dess tidningar eller uppfinnare ... utan alltid mest i det vanliga folket." Andra ord och fraser i detta manuskript kan ha bidragit till andra delar av 1855 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass. Whitman Archive Titel: det är inget mirakel nu när Whitman Archive ID: duk.00007 Arkiv: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4 till 3 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Ett manuskript utkast till idéer om touch relaterade till avsnitt 28–30 i den slutliga versionen av "Song of Myself", som först dök upp, utan titel, i Leaves of Grass (1855). I 1856 års upplaga hade den titeln "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," och Whitman förkortade titeln till "Walt Whitman" åren 1860–1861. Den slutliga titeln, "Song of Myself", infördes inte förrän 1881–1882 års upplaga av Leaves. Bladets baksida (duk.00797 innehåller prosaskrift med anknytning till ett annat avsnitt av samma dikt. Whitman Archive Titel: Ljus och luft! Whitman Archive ID: duk.00260 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4 to 4 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: Ett manuskript utkast till idéer relaterade till avsnitt 31 i den slutliga versionen av "Song of Myself", som först dök upp, utan titel, i Leaves of Grass (1855); det var först med titeln, "Poem of Walt Whitman, en amerikan," i 1856 års upplaga, och Whitman förkortade titeln till "Walt Whitman" i 1860–1861. Den slutliga titeln, "Song of Myself", infördes inte förrän 1881–1882 års upplaga av Leaves. Whitman Archive Titel: Jag vet lika väl som du att biblar är gudomlig uppenbarelse Whitman Archive ID: duk.00051 Arkiv: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4 till 5 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk Beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: Ett manuskript utkast behandlar idéer om gudomlig uppenbarelse relaterade till avsnitt 41 i den slutliga versionen av "Song of Myself", som först dök upp, utan titel, i Leaves of Grass (1855); det var först titulerad, "Poem av Walt Whitman, en amerikan," i 1856 års upplaga, och Whitman förkortade titeln till "Walt Whitman" i 1860–1861. Sluttiteln infördes inte förrän i 1881–1882 års upplaga av Leaves. Det omvända (duk.00887) innehåller anteckningar, daterade 20 mars '54, om karaktärer och fysiska drag hos flera män som Whitman mötte i sina resor. Whitman Archive Titel: Det finns inget ord på något språk Whitman Archive ID: duk.00018 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: Trent II-7, 201 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna View images: 1 Innehåll: Ett manuskript utkast till idéer om Gud och människan relaterade till vad som så småningom blev avsnitt 48-49 av den slutliga versionen av "Song of Myself", som först dök upp, utan titel, i Leaves of Grass (1855); det var först med titeln, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," i 1856 års upplaga, och Whitman förkortade titeln till "Walt Whitman" i 1860–1861. Den slutliga titeln, "Song of Myself", infördes inte förrän 1881–1882 års upplaga av Leaves. Detta manuskript har monterats och inramats med ett prosafragment, som handlar om själen och naturen, och ett fotografi av Whitman. En bild av verso är inte tillgänglig. Whitman Archive Title: My Spirit sped back to the Whitman Archive ID: duk.00262 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 7 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna View images: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Ett manuskript utkast som i allmänhet relateras till idéer uttryckta i "Song of Myself", som först dök upp, utan titel, i Leaves of Grass (1855); det var första titeln, "Poem of Walt Whitman, en amerikan," i 1856 års upplaga, och Whitman förkortade titeln till "Walt Whitman" i 1860–1861. Den slutliga titeln, "Song of Myself", infördes inte förrän 1881–1882 års upplaga av Leaves. Baksidan innehåller en inställd replik: "Ingen av de heroiska gästerna." Whitman Archive Titel: Och när de gick tillräckligt långt för att se Whitman Archive ID: duk.00003 Arkiv: Duke University: Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 1 Datum: mellan 1850 och 1860 Genre: poesi, prosa Fysisk Beskrivning: 2 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 <unk> <unk> 2 <unk> 3 <unk> 4 Innehåll: På ena sidan av dessa manuskript blad är utkast av rader för öppningsdikten i 1855 års utgåva av Leaves of Grass, slutligen med titeln "Song of Myself", avsnitt sex och sju. Dikten fick första gången titeln, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," i 1856 års upplaga, och Whitman förkortade titeln till "Walt Whitman" 1860–1861. Den slutliga titeln, "Song of Myself", infördes inte förrän 1881–1882 års upplaga av Leaves. På baksidan finns fragment av ett opublicerat prosastycke som verkar representera ett tidigt utkast till "Onamngivna länder", en dikt som publicerades först i 1860 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass. Materialet på det andra bladet delar med sig av den dikten inte bara en nära tematisk likhet utan också flera av samma fraser. Whitman Archive Title: And I have discovered them by night and by Whitman Archive ID: duk.00006 Arkiv: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 1 Datum: mellan 1850 och 1860 Genre: poesi Fysisk Beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Utkastet rader på ena sidan av manuskriptet blad bidrog till öppningsdikten av 1855 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass. I diktens slutliga version, "Song of Myself", återfinns dessa rader i avsnitt 48. Dikten fick första gången titeln, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," i 1856 års upplaga, och Whitman förkortade titeln till "Walt Whitman" 1860–1861. Sluttiteln infördes inte förrän i 1881–1882 års upplaga av Leaves. Det är inte känt om prosan på bladets revers är besläktad med något av Whitmans publicerade verk; dock gör fysiska och tematiska likheter med "Och jag har upptäckt dem nattetid och vid", ovan, och "Min tunga kan aldrig nöja sig med sele", nedan, ett samband med 1860 års dikt "Onamngivna länder" sannolikt. Whitman Archive Titel: Min tunga kan aldrig nöja sig med sele Whitman Archive ID: duk.00008 Arkiv: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 1 Datum: mellan 1850 och 1860 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: På ena sidan av manuskriptet blad är utkast poetiska linjer med en okänd relation till Whitmans publicerade verk. Fysiska och tematiska likheter med "Och när de en gång gått tillräckligt långt för att se" och "Och jag har upptäckt dem nattetid", ovan, antyder dock att raderna möjligen var utarbetade för 1855 års dikt som så småningom blev "Song of Myself". Dessa likheter tyder också på att prosan på bladets revers sannolikt är besläktad med "Onamngivna länder", först publicerad i Leaves of Grass (1860). Whitman Archive Titel: [Hur kan det finnas odödlighet] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00014 Arkiv: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Mapp: 49 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, 4,5 x 14,5 cm, handskrivna View images: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Dessa rader, som förekommer på en mycket liten del av vitt lagt papper klippt och beskärs oregelbundet, bär en stark likhet med (eventuell) andra vers stycket i avsnitt 6 av "Från Paumanok," först publicerad 1860 som "Proto-Leaf." De fragmentariska raderna på verso (början av "Nedåt, flytande, swif[t]"), representerar en annan version av en rad inkorporerad i den för 1855 upptecknade dikten "Bilder" och av en inskriven i 1854 års anteckningsbok [Jag känner en rik kapitalist...], för närvarande inrymd på New York Public Library. Whitman Archive Title: [I am a student] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00238 Arkiv: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Mapp: 88 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, 9,5 x 15 cm, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Teman som uttrycks i detta tidiga fragment skulle informera de rader som så småningom blev avsnitt 2 av "Song of Myself;" Whitman använde det aldrig ordagrant. På versen visas en oval men kraftigt reviderade tidiga utkast av berömda rader, med början "Den fläckiga höken sveper av ...", inkorporerad i vad som skulle utgöra den slutliga kanto av dikten i 1867 och senare utgåvor av Leaves of Grass.- > Whitman Arkiv Titel: [Jag kallar tillbaka blunderers] Whitman Arkiv ID: uva.00250 Arkiv: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Mapp: 88 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, 4,5 x 19.5 cm klistrade till 7 x 19.5 cm, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 Â 2 Innehåll: De första få raderna användes aldrig, men de sista två verserna (med början "jag erbjuder män inga målade tefat...") dela likheter med den sista versen stycket (börjar "Stoppa denna dag och natt med dig skall äga alla dikter") av vad som så småningom skulle bli avsnitt av "Jag 2." Whitman Archive Titel: [Bevisa mig inte] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00251 Arkiv: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Mapp: 88 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, 8 x 18,5 cm, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: På versen visas två ovala rader börjar "Vad jag än säger om mig själv, skall du tillämpa på dig själv..." som så småningom utgjorde en del av avsnitt 20 av "Sång of Myself." De borttagna blyertsraderna med början "Jag tror aldrig att det kommer att bli mer himmel eller helvete / än det finns nu", reviderades för att bilda det som så småningom skulle bli andra versstycket i avsnitt 3 av "Sång av mig själv". Efter kraftig omarbetning användes de rader som fanns på manuskriptets recto i vad som skulle vara avsnitt 41 i "Song of Myself". Dessa rader bär också förhållande till den otitlade 14:e dikten av "Debris"-klustret (1860). Raderna var inte bland de olika passagerna av "Debris" som överlevde i de avslutande dikterna av Leaves of Grass. Whitman Archive Titel: [Min hand kommer inte att skada vad den innehar] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00254 Arkiv: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Mapp: 88 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, 19 x 15,5 cm, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: Siffrorna 195 och 196 är inskrivna på verso respektive recto, dessa nummer, tillsammans med rester av pasta och bindning tejp längs vänster marginalen av recto, antyder att sidorna kom från en anteckningsbok. Raderna på rectot utgår och verkar ha reviderats för att bilda det som nu är sektion 28 i "Song of Myself". Verso innehåller ovala anteckningar som börjar med en lista över djur och växter ("cottonwood—mullbär—/chickadee—stor brun vattenhund"), följt av en vers ("Självmordet/gick till en ensam plats...") som Whitman reviderade för användning ("Självmordsutbredningarna på det blodiga golvet i sovrummet,") i vad som så småningom skulle utgöra avsnitt 8 i "Sång av mig själv." Denna vers följs av ett annat avsnitt av den naturliga "katalogen" ("locust, björk/cypress..."), nedan som förekommer ett par verser (början "O smuts, du lik — jag tror du är god gödsel —") som används i vad som skulle vara avsnitt 48 i "Jag självs sång". Listan över flora och fauna kunde förutse vilket antal liknande listor som helst i Whitman, men bär den starkaste likheten med avsnitt 29 i "Skönhetspoem" (sluttitel: "A Song of Joys"), som först utkom i 1860 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass. Whitman Archive Titel: [Jag är en förbannelse] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00256 Arkiv: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Mapp: 88 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, 18,5 x 17,5 cm, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: Ett blad inskrivet och omarbetat på båda sidor i penna. Rättegångslinjerna på verso (början av "Hans mycket värk är exstasy") verkar ha reviderats för att ingå i vad som nu är avsnitt 29 i "Song of Myself". Whitmans ovanliga stavning av "ecstasy" indikerar inte bara att raderna kom mycket tidigt i processen att skriva Leaves of Grass, utan att dessa rader ursprungligen kan ha varit en del av proto-"Song of Myself" innan de överfördes till vad som skulle bli "The Sleepers." Versoraderna och orden "Jag är en förbannelse" knyter detta blad till två avsnitt av utkast verser i den tidigaste Library of Congress anteckningsbok (#80) som börjar "Fierce wrestler!" "Jag är en förbannelse." Whitman Archive Title: [The sares on my wings are from his] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00260 Arkiv: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Mapp: 88 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, 8 x 15 cm, handskriven Visa bilder: 1 × × 2 Innehåll: Inskriven, reviderad och borttagen i penna. På verso visas de ovala raderna "Hör min fife! —Jag är en rekryterare / Kom, som skall gå med i min trupp?» Forskare har spelat in dessa rader som en version av raderna ("Och nu passerar en munter rekryterare, med fife och trumma, söker vem som skall / gå med i hans trupp...") i den för-1855 upptecknade notebookdikten "Bilder." Bilden av musikern som rekryterar uppmärksamhet lika för allas problem kopplar ihop dessa linjer med avsnitt 18 i "Song of Myself". Även om manuskriptet innehåller frasen "järnhalsband", som förekommer i dikten med titeln "To A Foil'd European Revolutionaire", tycks bilden av ångbåten som för bort kvinnan och den första person berättande stilen förknippa detta manuskript tydligast med utvecklingen av vad som så småningom skulle bli avsnitt 4 av "The Sleepers" som först utkom i tryck med denna titel 1871. Whitman Archive Titel: [Där den lilla myskoxen bär sin] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00261 Arkiv: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Mapp: 88 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, 6 x 19 cm, handskrivet Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: Inskrivet och reviderat på båda sidor i blyerts. Den enda linje som används från recto ("Där livbilen är dragen på halksnöret") stryks här; den blev en del av vad som så småningom skulle utgöra avsnitt 33 i "Sång av mig själv". De strukna versoraderna (börjar "Vem vet att jag inte skall själv / [...] tid vara en Gud, lika ren och underbar/ som någon?") utgör en poetisk revision av prosanoterna i Library of Congress notebook #85, och tycks ha lett fram till vad som så småningom skulle bli avsnitt 48 i "Song of Myself". Whitman Archive Titel: [You there] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00263 Arkiv: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Mapp: 88 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, 12,5 x 20 cm, handskriven Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: Den vänstra sidan av manuskriptet är riven som om sidan hade tagits bort från en anteckningsbok. Denna sida var tydligen inskriven mycket nära publiceringen av 1855 års "Leaves of Grass"; med några revideringar blev den en del av vad som så småningom skulle bli avsnitt 40 av "Song of Myself". På versen visas ovala toner som definierar och illustrerar sådana versformer som "hexameter", "daktyl", "Spondee", "Iambus" och "Trochee". Dessa anteckningar representerar en ofullständig version av anteckningar på ett manuskript som för närvarande förvaras vid Rutgers University. Forskare har kommenterat att Rutgers-manuskriptet troligen dateras till 1856 eller efteråt, då Whitman bedrev en självutbildning i poesi, vilket antyder att verso-anteckningarna i detta manuskript också daterar sig till den perioden. Whitman Archive Titel: [Och deras röster] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00264 Arkiv: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Mapp: 88 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, 4,5 x 19,5 cm, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: En penna frågetecken visas ovanför en mycket svag linje som länkar "valverade" och "hörn". Dessa halvprosa, halvpoetiska toner reviderades och införlivades i två separata verser av vad som skulle bli "Song of Myself": den slutliga versen 597, i avsnitt 26 ("Jag hör...den tonsatta kornetten") och vers 1067 i avsnitt 42 ("Ever vexarens hoot! Hoot! ända tills vi finner var den sluge gömmer sig och för honom/ut....") Whitman Archive Title: [The stank of the salt sumph] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00265 Arkiv: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Mapp: 88 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, 8,5 x 20 cm, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: Den första raden läste ursprungligen "Odor av salt kärret, och av lera och havsgräs[.]" En tidigare version av dessa rader förknippas också med proto-"Song of Myself" verser i Library of Congress Notebook #80 ("Och saltkärret och bäcken har/delikata lukter..."). Det "jordiska skrattet av skrattmåsen" återkommer i vad som så småningom skulle bli linje 763 (avsnitt 33) av "Sång av mig själv". De flesta raderna införlivades dock (efter ytterligare omarbetning) i den tionde dikten i 1855 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass. Denna dikt hade titeln "Poem of The Child That Went Forth, and Always Goes Forth, Forever and Forever" i 1856 års upplaga, varefter den blev nummer 9 i 1860 års grupp "Leaves of Grass", nummer 1 i en annan "Leaves of Grass"-grupp 1867, och slutligen "There Was a Child Went Forth" i 1872 års upplaga. Whitman Archive Title: [I am become the poet of babes and] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00269 Arkiv: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Mapp: 88 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, 4 x 14,5 cm klistrad till 4,5 x 15 cm, handskriven Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: Verso-raderna börjar "Jag tror att jag kunde dystra jordens gördel / bort" och "Visst jag är ur huvudet!" utgår med flera pennstreck. Det raderade numret 209 visas i det övre högra hörnet av den nedre delen. Efter mycket omarbetning tycks rectoraderna, som är relaterade till rader i Library of Congress Notebook #80, ha blivit en del av vad som skulle vara avsnitt 44 i "Song of Myself." Versot innehåller ett tidigt utkast av rader som så småningom inkorporeras i avsnitt 27 i dikten. Whitman Archive Titel: [Kan ? Gör mig så sprudlande men ändå så svag] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00273 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Liter Special Collections Library Box: 1 Mapp: 88 Datum: ca 1855 Genre: poesi Fysisk Beskrivning: 1 blad, 6 x 19,5 cm, handskriven Visa bilder: 1 Â° 2 Innehåll: Recto verser bär en viss likhet med vad som så småningom skulle bilda avsnitt 28 av "Song of Myself", medan de raderade raderna på verso (börjar "Denna mun dras av några sexton för hans dystraste avgift,") representerar ett fragment av utkast linjer som så småningom införlivas i den sjätte dikten av 1855 års upplaga av Leaves of Grasss, en dikt permanent med titeln "Faces" i 1872 års upplaga. Whitman Archive Titel: [You woman, mor of children] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00137 Arkiv: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 2 Mapp: 2 Datum: 1850-1860 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, 24,5 cm x 24,5 cm, handskriven Visa bilder: 1 Â° 2 Innehåll: Detta manuskript innehåller bilder av kvinnor som mor och hustru. Mannen och hustrun tillsammans på natten framstår konsekvent som en av de bilder som används i dikten ytterst med titeln "Song of Myself" i alla utgåvor av Leaves of Grass. Whitman Archive Titel: The Whale-boat Whitman Archive ID: uva.00117 Arkiv: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 2 Folder: 23 Repository ID: #3829-i Datum: slutet av 1850-talet Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, 21 cm x 12 cm, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Detta manuskript innehåller anteckningar om valar som speglar en passage om valar som publiceras i "Song of Myself". Ett direkt förhållande mellan detta manuskript och Whitmans publicerade verk är okänt, även om ett eventuellt förhållande också existerar med utkast till dikten "The Sleepers" i vilken Whitman arbetade med idén om att en val ska harpuneras. Dessa anteckningar kan vara en fortsättning på anteckningar skrivna på två separata skrot och hölls vid Duke University (The Trent Collection of Walt Whitman Manuscripts, Duke University Rare Book, Manuscript, och Special Collections Library), "The Whale," MS 4 till 88. Whitman Archive Titel: [med Cophósis] Whitman Archive ID: loc.00005 Arkiv: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman Series: Notes and Notebooks Box: 39 Folder: Literary, Before 1855, Women Date: Mellan 1852 och 1854 Genre: poetry Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwrited View images: 1 <unk> <unk> 2 <unk> 3 <unk> 4 Innehåll: Dessa sidor skrevs av Whitman i början till mitten av 1850-talet. William White, i sin upplaga av Whitmans Dagböcker och Anteckningsböcker, 3 vols. (New York: New York University Press, 1978), noterade ett förhållande mellan dessa sidor och dikterna "Who Learns My Lesson Complete?", "By Blue Ontario's Shore", "Svararens sång" och "There Was a Child Went Forth." En del av de idéer och språk som utarbetas här förekommer också i dikten som skulle ha titeln "Song of Myself". För en diskussion om denna anteckningsboks datering och betydelse, se Matt Miller, Collage of Myself: Walt Whitman and the Making of Leaves of Grass (linkoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2010), 11–16. Whitman Archive Titel: Summer Duck Whitman Archive ID: loc.00158 Arkiv: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman Series: Notes and Notebooks Box: 39 Folder: Litterary, Before 1855, Wood Drake Datum: Mellan 1852 och 1855 Genre: poesi, prosa Fysisk beskrivning: 2 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> 3 <unk> 4 Innehåll: Ett tidigt manuskript. William White, i sin upplaga av Whitmans Dagböcker och Anteckningsböcker, 3 vols. (New York: New York University Press, 1978), noterade ett förhållande mellan materialet i början av detta manuskript och det som så småningom blev avsnitt 13, raderna 237–243 i "Song of Myself." Raderna längst ner på andra bladets baksida bidrog till vad som blev avsnitt 22 i den dikten, raderna 464–469. Whitman Archive Title: The fester of defeat skarpare än the Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00023 Repository: New York Public Library: The Henry W. och Albert A. Berg Collection of English and American Literature Datum: 1854—1855 Genre: poetry Physical Description: 1 blad, handskriven View images: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Poetiska rader, varav några förekom något reviderade i 1855 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass. Dessa rader utgör en del av dikten Whitman med titeln "Song of Myself". På verso av detta pappersskrot finns ett prosafragment i vilket Whitman citerar Voltaire. Whitman Archive Titel: Autobiographical Data Whitman Archive ID: loc.05935 Arkiv: Library of Congress: The Thomas Biggs Harned Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman Box: 6 Folder: Notebooks [before 1855] Datum: Mellan 1848 och 1856 Genre: prosa, poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 10 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 â € ¬ 2 ¬ 3 ¬ 4 ¬ 4 ¬ 6 ¬ 7 ¬ € ¢ 9 ¬ ¬ 10 Innehåll: Photostats, gjord för William L. Finkel någon gång "före 1942," av en anteckningsbok sedan i samlingen men förlorade under andra världskriget. Partiella transkriptioner, utförda av Emory Holloway och Clifton Furness på 1920-talet, tyder på att fotostaterna, som visar sexton hela sidor och delar av fyra andra, är en ofullständig representation av originalet. Varken fotostaterna eller de extant transkriptionerna bär några definitiva bevis för datering av anteckningsboken, men forskare har i allmänhet kommit överens om att Whitman måste ha skrivit dess innehåll omkring tiden för publiceringen av den första upplagan av Leaves of Grass år 1855. Ed Folsom har noterat ett samband mellan en passage som visas på höger sida av den fjärde bilden och skildringen av "mosh'd brandman" i "Song of Myself". Se Folsom, "Erasing Race: The Lost Black Presence in Whitmans handskrifter," i Whitman Noir: Black America and the Good Gray Poet (Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 2014), 3–31. Whitman Archive Titel: Jag känner en rik kapitalist Whitman Archive ID: nyp.00129 Repository: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman Datum: mellan 1854 och 1860 Genre: prosa, poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 14 blad, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 â € ¢ 2 3 â € 4 4 â € 5 â € 6 â € 8 œ 8 9 â € 10 â € 11 ¬ 12 œ 12 œ 14 ¬ 14 â € 15 â € 16 œ 17 œ 18 ¬ 19 ¥ € 20 ¬ 21 ¥ € 22 ¥ € 23 ¥ € 24 ¥ € 25 ¬ 26 ¥ € 27 Innehåll: En anteckningsbok med tolv blad, plus omslag, som Whitman verkar ha använt mellan 1854 och omkring 1860. Andrew C. Higgins har hävdat att poeten under månaderna före utgivningen av den första upplagan av Leaves of Grass 1855 använde separata anteckningsböcker för att utarbeta olika teman. Den här, säger han, använde Whitman "att utveckla sin kosmologi och kärleksteori" (se Higgins, "Wage Slavery and the Composition of Leaves of Grass: The 'Talbot Wilson' Notebook", Walt Whitman Quarterly Review 20, nr. 2 [2002]: 74n14). Notboken innehåller minst åtta avsnitt som verkar ha bidragit till publicerade verk. Av dessa är majoriteten tidiga artikulationer av bilder och fraser som förekom i den första dikten i 1855 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass, så småningom med titeln "Song of Myself". Dessa inkluderar två olika utkast (ett på prosa, på yta 11, och ett på vers, på yta 14) som börjar "Kärleken är orsaken till orsakerna." Ytan 4, 7 och 15 bär också passager som möjligen bidrog till denna dikt. Avsnittet på yta 4 kan också vara besläktat med de 1855 uppsatta dikterna med titeln "En sång för yrken" och "Stora äro myterna". På yta 22 är en passage möjligen förbunden med 1855 års förord. En annan passage, på yta 26, bidrog tydligt till 1856 års dikt "Vägens poem" (senare med titeln "Den öppna vägens sång"), och en annan, på yta 15, tycks ha bidragit till 1860–1861 års dikt "Kanter demokrat. 4" (senare med titeln "Vårt gamla feuillage"). Emory Holloway har påpekat att Whitmans hänvisning till San Franciscos förlisning tyder på att denna anteckningsbok, "eller åtminstone en del av den, är senare än 1853." Han skriver att "den troligen påbörjades 1854" eftersom den "marmorkyrka" som nämns på första sidan troligen syftar på Marble Collegiate Church på Manhattan, "som inte var färdigställd förrän då" (se Holloway, "Ett Whitmanmanmanuskript", American Mercury 3 [december 1924], 475–480). Ingen bild av det yttre bakre omslaget finns tillgänglig eftersom anteckningsboken har sydts in i en större volym. Whitman Archive Titel: [Kom ihåg om du är döende] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00278 Arkiv: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Mapp: 88 Datum: 1855-1859 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, 8 x 15,5 cm, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: Verso-raderna (början "[sl]ueing,/...[be]nding,/...halt i skuggan,") representerar ett fragment av ett polerat för-1855-publikationsutkast av rader som så småningom skulle höra hemma i avsnitt 13 av "Song of Myself." Whitman använde detta blad någon gång efter 1855 för att skriva ner rectoverserna vinkelrätt mot de styrda linjerna. Dessa tycks utgöra ett fullständigt men mycket tidigt utkast till dikten "Till en kort att dö", först publicerad i 1860 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass i klusilen "Messenger Leaves". I övre högra hörnet av recto förekommer orden "not / sista sidan av 'Ghost-seers'" i Whitmans hand, vilket antyder att han hade övervägt att bilda en klunga under denna titel, aldrig publicerad, i Leaves of Grass, kanske i 1860 års upplaga. Frasen "Ghost-seers" erinrar om ett uttalande om Emerson i "Leaves-Droppings", ett avsnitt av korrespondens och kommentar Whitman bifogade till 1856 års upplaga: "[Emerson] ser framtiden för sanningar som våra Ande-seers urskilja framtiden för människan..." Whitman Archive Title: [The genuina mirakel av Kristus] Whitman Archive ID: loc.01019 Repository: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman Series: Litterary File Box: 36 Folder: Undated, "The Genuine Miracles of Christ", utkast Datum: ca 1855 Genre: prose, poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna View images: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Ett inställt prose manuskript innehållande rader som bidrog till Whitmans publicerade poesi. Raden som lyder, "den vidsträckta elementarsympati som, endast människosjälen är kapabel att alstra och avge i stadiga och gränslösa översvämningar", användes, något omarbetad, i "En glädjesång," som först utkom i 1860 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass, som "Glädjepoem". Raden som lyder, "nedstig från fingrarnas spetsar från lukten av hans kropp från ångan i hans lungor" reviderades och användes i 1855 års upplaga av Leaves of Grass, och så småningom inkluderades i vad som slutligen kom att bli den 39:e strofen av "Song of Myself". Whitman Archive Titel: [Jag får inte lura dig – du ska dö] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00280 Arkiv: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Mapp: 88 Datum: 1855-1860 Genre: poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, 4 x 14,5 cm, handskrivna Visa bilder: 1 <unk> 2 Innehåll: Verso-raderna (början "[I] och ingen annan är den störste förrädaren,") representerar ett senare utkast än liknande verser i Library of Congress Notebook #80 av vad som så småningom skulle bli en del av avsnitt 28 i "Song of Myself." Rektoraderna reviderades till att ingå i 1860 års dikt "Till en kort att dö." Whitman Archive Titel: Brutish human beenships Whitman Archive ID: uva.00085 Arkiv: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Mapp: 12 Repository Titel: Brutish human beenships - wild mans - the 'koboo' Repository ID: #3829-i Datum: 1857-1859 Genre: prosa, poesi Fysisk beskrivning: 1 blad, handskrivna, tryckta View images: 1 â € 2 Innehåll: Detta manuskript innehåller anteckningar av Whitman om vad han kallar "en mycket låg typ av människor", "vilda män", "koboon", tydligen beskrivs till Whitman av Elias Pierson i juni 1857. Pierson hade varit i Kina i Kantons rebellarmé, och hade sett det aboriginska "koboo"-folket, som det rapporterats i manuskriptet, på Ladroneöarna, i Sydkinesiska havet utanför Kanton. För att förstärka sannfärdigheten i Piersons berättelser om "koboot" nämner Whitman det faktum att kapten Walter Murray Gibson, som också hade talat om "koboo"-folket (möjligen i boken Report, American Geographical and Statistical Society. Månatligt möte. Mars, 1854. Kapten Walter M. Gibson på Ostindiska arkipelagen: en Beskrifning öfver Dess Vilda Människoraser, utgifven 1854, och/eller i The Prison of Weltefredin, och en Glance at the East Indian Archipelago, utgifven 1855), hade försäkrat, att alla hans utsagor i boken voro sanna och gjorda i god tro. Eftersom termen "koboo" används av Whitman i "Song of Myself" (termen förekom redan i den första publicerade versionen av dikten, i 1855 års upplaga, och behölls i alla de efterföljande upplagorna) och i "Salut au Monde!" (termen förekom i den första publicerade versionen av dikten i 1856 års upplaga och bibehölls i alla de följande upplagorna), är det troligt att Whitman först fick kännedom om "koboot" genom att läsa Gibson, för att sedan åter höra talas om dem från Pierson. Manuskriptet innehåller också ett klipp av en kort tidningskrönika med titeln "The Wild Men of Borneo", och en kort kommentar till den. Välj ett nummer: Alla frågor Vol. 36, nr. 1 Vol. 35, nr. 4 Vol. 35, nr. 3 Vol. 35, nr. 2 Vol. 35, nr. 1 Vol. 34, nr. 4 Vol. 34, nr. 3 Vol. 34, nr. 2 Vol. 34, nr. 1 Vol. 33, nr. 4 Vol. 33, nr. 3 Vol. 33, nr. 2 Vol. 33, nr. 1 Vol. 32, nr. 4 Vol. 32, nr. 3 Vol. 32, nr. 2 Vol. 32, nr. 1 Vol. 31, nr. 4 Vol. 31, nr. 3 Vol. 31, nr. 2 Vol. 31, nr. 1 Vol. 30, nr. 4 Vol. 30, nr. 3 Vol. 30, nr. 2 Vol. 30, nr. 1 Vol. 29, nr. 4 Vol. 29, nr. 3 Vol. 29, nr. 2 Vol. 29, nr. 1 Vol. 28, nr. 4 Vol. 28, nr. 3 Vol. 28, nr. 2 Vol. 28, nr. 1 Vol. 27, nr. 4 Vol. 27, nr. 3 Vol. 27, nr. 2 Vol. 27, nr. 1 Vol. 26, nr. 4 Vol. 26, nr. 3 Vol. 26, nr. 2 Vol. 26, nr. 1 Vol. 25, nr. 4 Vol. 25, nr. 3 Vol. 25, nr. 2 Vol. 25, nr. 1 Vol. 24, nr. 4 Vol. 24, nr. 3 Vol. 24, nr. 2 Vol. 24, nr. 1 Vol. 23, nr. 4 Vol. 23, nr. 3 Vol. 23, nr. 2 Vol. 23, nr. 1 Vol. 22, nr. 4 Vol. 22, nr. 3 Vol. 22, nr. 2 Vol. 22, nr. 1 Vol. 21, nr. 4 Vol. 21, nr. 3 Vol. 21, nr. 2 Vol. 21, nr. 1 Vol. 20, nr. 4 Vol. 20, nr. 3 Vol. 20, nr. 2 Vol. 20, nr. 1 Vol. 19, nr. 4 Vol. 19, nr. 3 Vol. 19, nr. 2 Vol. 19, nr. 1 Vol. 18, nr. 4 Vol. 18, nr. 3 Vol. 18, nr. 2 Vol. 18, nr. 1 Vol. 17, nr. 4 Vol. 17, nr. 3 Vol. 17, nr. 2 Vol. 17, nr. 1 Vol. 16, nr. 4 Vol. 16, nr. 3 Vol. 16, nr. 2 Vol. 16, nr. 1 Vol. 15, nr. 4 Vol. 15, nr. 3 Vol. 15, nr. 2 Vol. 15, nr. 1 Vol. 14, nr. 4 Vol. 14, nr. 3 Vol. 14, nr. 2 Vol. 14, nr. 1 Vol. 13, nr. 4 Vol. 13, nr. 3 Vol. 13, nr. 2 Vol. 13, nr. 1 Vol. 12, nr. 4 Vol. 12, nr. 3 Vol. 12, nr. 2 Vol. 12, nr. 1 Vol. 11, nr. 4 Vol. 11, nr. 3 Vol. 11, nr. 2 Vol. 11, nr. 1 Vol. 10, nr. 4 Vol. 10, nr. 3 Vol. 10, nr. 2 Vol. 10, nr. 1 Vol. 9, nr. 4 Vol. 9, nr. 3 Vol. 9, nr. 2 Vol. 9, nr. 1 Vol. 8, nr. 4 Vol. 8, nr. 3 Vol. 8, nr. 2 Vol. 8, nr. 1 Vol. 7, nr. 4 Vol. 7, nr. 3 Vol. 7, nr. 2 Vol. 7, nr. 1 Vol. 6, nr. 4 Vol. 6, nr. 3 Vol. 6, nr. 2 Vol. 6, nr. 1 Vol. 5, nr. 4 Vol. 5, nr. 3 Vol. 5, nr. 2 Vol. 5, nr. 1 Vol. 4, nr. 4 Vol. 4, nr. 3 Vol. 4, nr. 2 Vol. 4, nr. 1 Vol. 3, nr. 4 Vol. 3, nr. 3 Vol. 3, nr. 2 Vol. 3, nr. 1 Vol. 2, nr. 4 Vol. 2, nr. 3 Vol. 2, nr. 2 Vol. 2, nr. 1 Vol. 1, nr. 4 Vol. 1, nr. 3 Vol. 1, nr. 2 Vol. 1, nr. 1 Â° Achary Turpin, en student vid University of Houston, berättar om poeten Walt Whitman i hans hem, torsdagen den 16 februari 2017, i Houston. Turpin upptäckte nyligen en tidigare okänd novella av Whitman. achary Turpin, en doktorand vid University of Houston, berättar om poeten Walt Whitman hemma, torsdagen den 16 februari 2017, i Houston. Turpin upptäckte nyligen en tidigare okänd novella av Whitman. Foto: Jon Shapley, Houston Chronicle »« En “rollicking” anti-lawyer hämnd fantasy av Walt Whitman, som utmanar tidigare höll idéer om den amerikanska poetens övergång från prosa till poesi, har hittats i arkiven av en viktoriansk New York söndag tidning. Även om boken publicerades anonymt, matchar den en detaljerad synopsis i poetens anteckningsbok för ett projekt akademiker hade trott övergiven. Walt Whitman avslöjade som författare till "Manly Health" guide Read more Titeln The Life and Adventures of Jack Engle, boken har precis publicerats gratis på nätet av Walt Whitman Quarterly Review. Ed Folsom, redaktör för tidskriften, tillkännagav upptäckten som grävts fram i Whitman material som hölls på Library of Congress, sade att upptäckten skulle förändra allt som tidigare var känt om författarens tidiga författarkarriär. — Nu se vi, att fiktionen och poesien minglade på sätt vi aldrig förr visste, sade han. Zachary Turpin vid University of Houston upptäckte romanen i Manhattan-baserad tidning Sunday Dispatch. Den utspelade sig i New York 1852 och skrevs samtidigt som poeten påbörjade arbetet med sin landmärkeseposdikt Leaves of Grass, utgiven tre år senare. Jack Engle beskrivs av Turpin som “en rolig, vältande, kreativ, vriden, bisarr liten bok”, och är en klassisk tras-till-rikas föräldralös historia om en korrupt advokat, Mr Covert, som försöker lura sin avdelning Martha ur hennes arv. Jack, som arbetar för Covert, ger sig ut för att rädda sin medbroder föräldralös och upptäcker i processen att hans öde är bundet till hennes. I sann Dickensisk stil verkar Whitman göra upp gamla partitur i boken: författarens far blev också lurad av en New York-advokat. Facebook Twitter Pinterest Tillkännagivandet av Whitmans roman Turpin hittade 36 000-ordsromanen när han plöjde igenom den produktive författarens ”uddar och slut” i den integrerade katalogen över Walt Whitmans litterära handskrifter, en omfattande lista över poetens överlevande papper, skrivtecken, manuskriptutkast, scraps och anteckningsböcker. Bland scraps dök en rad karaktärsnamn upp: Covert, Jack Engle, Wigglesworth och Smytthe. Slitande detektivarbete ledde honom till en liten notis från 1852 i New York Daily Times (numera New York Times) som gjorde reklam för serialiseringen i Sunday Dispatch av en självbiografi, The Life and Adventures of Jack Engle. — Något därom tycktes just rätt, sade den akademiske. — Namnet Jack Engle. Året. Tidningen (som vi vet Whitman hade bidragit till tidigare).” Klinchern kom när han matchade karaktärsnamnen från Whitmans anteckningsbok med de i den publicerade berättelsen. “Jag kunde inte tro att, under några minuter, jag var den enda personen på jorden som kände till denna bok.” Facebook Twitter Pinterest The öppning of The Life and Adventures of Jack Engle. Foto: Walt Whitman Quarterly Review Upptäckten är inte bara betydelsefull för sin sällsynthet. Omfattningen av Whitmans prosa fiktion var tidigare okänd. Boken avslöjar att han brottades med en önskan att hitta rätt form för att uttrycka sina idéer. — Den Whitman vi se i Jack Engle är ännu inte den självsäkra, engagerade poet vi nu ta honom till att alltid ha varit, förklarade Turpin. “Det är under denna viktiga tid som han experimenterar, försöker på olika genrer och sätt att skriva, letar efter en som är riklig och expansiv nog att uttrycka vad [Ralph Waldo] Emerson skulle kalla ‘den privata mannens oändlighet’.” Folsom höll med romanen avslöjade Whitmans kamp med formen och att det ger en exakt tid för hans övergång till poesi. I kapitel 19 kommer handlingen till ett abrupt slut när Jack vandrar genom en kyrkogård och de begravdas intriger smälter samman till ändlösa förlorade livsberättelser. När han begrundar dessa förlorade tomter, känner Jack gräset som täcker hans eget ansikte. Folsom sade: “Jag anar i detta ögonblick att Whitman upptäcker varför konventionella intriger inte längre kommer att tjäna till den typ av författarskap han känner att han måste åstadkomma, och denna roman låter oss på så sätt uppleva ögonblicket i Whitmans utvecklingsprocess när han inser att fiktion helt enkelt inte kommer att tjäna den typ av skapande arbete han kommer att ägna resten av sitt liv åt.” En väckelse i Whitmans arbete kan vara på sin plats. Poeten var prisad för sin originalitet, medkänsla, idealism och demokratiska patriotism och såg sig själv som en profet för vad USA skulle kunna bli. — Whitman från början av 1850-talet är alldeles upptänd, sade Turpin, som har form i att finna ovanliga förlorade verk av Whitman. Förra året upptäckte han en boklängdsguide till "manlig hälsa" av poeten, som tacklade allt från virilitet till fotvård och motion. Turpin tillade: ” Den här nya romanen kan också tyda på att han inte gav upp prosan. Gud vet – han kunde ha, och troligen gjorde, skrivit flera fler romaner, om inte många fler än så. Så vitt vi vet, kan de gömma sig helt öppet. Spännande, eller hur? Vad är en sammanfattning?
Article: Song of Myself Whitman Archive Title: [I say the stars are not echoes] Whitman Archive ID: loc.00042 Archive: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman Series: Literary File Box: 29 Folder: Song of Myself (1855). The President Draft. Date: undated Genre: poetry, prose Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> <unk> 2 Contents: A draft of a poem similar to section 23 of the final version of "Song of Myself" but whose specific relation to Whitman's published work is unknown. The draft, though not identical, has many lines similar to the posthumously published manuscript titled "[I am the poet]". In verso there is a draft of an unidentified prose work. Whitman Archive Title: By this broad and majestic Whitman Archive ID: pinch.00549 Archive: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman Date: Before or early 1855 Genre: poetry, prose Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: Two phrases and pictures from this manuscript appear, slightly modified, in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, in the poem that would later be titled "Song of Myself." The manuscript was therefore probably written before or in early 1855. In the manuscript, Whitman has added the phrase "timotejen and clover" to a description of plants growing in a field. On page 18 of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, Whitman describes jumping from the crossbeams of a barn into the hay saying he will "sail the clover and timothy." Later in the manuscript, he writes about "the buckwheat and its white peaks and the bees humming there all day", and on page 36 of the 1855 sheet he writes about the "white and brown buckwheat, a lobster and a buzzer there with the rest". A similar line concerning buckwheat and bees appeared in the poem "Come up from the fields of Father", and a reference to "clover and timothy" appeared in "Give Me the Splendid Silent Sun". Both poems were first published in Drum-Taps in 1865. "Clover and timothy" also appears in the poem "The Return of Heroes", first published in the 1881 edition of Leaves of Grass. On the back of this manuscript (nyp.00085) are poetic lines, one of which appeared in the poem ultimately titled "I Sing the Body Electric." Whitman Archive Title: to enjoy the Panorama Whitman Archive ID: amh.00008 Archive: Amherst College Archives and Special Collections Date: c. 1850 Genre: prose Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> <unk> 2 Contents: The handwriting of this draft fragment indicates that it was written quite early, probably before the publication of Leaves of Grass in 1855. Most of the fragment describes a moving panorama, a popular form of entertainment during the antebellum period. The juxtaposition Whitman puts up in this manuscript (of painted panorama to actual landscape) appears in a line published in the 1855 and 1856 editions of Leaves of Grass, from the poem which would later be titled "Song of Myself": "The panorama of the sea . . . . . . . . . . But the sea itself?" Whitman Archive Title: A man of giant Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00293 Archive: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 32 Date: before or at the beginning of 1855 Genre: poetry, prose Physical Description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 â€ 2 Contents: Prose fragments consider the combination in a man of power and compassion, probably related to lines from the opening poem of 1855 Leaves of Grass – what would later become "Song of Myself." Edward F. Grier notes that the "heroic male" described here is "a favorite picture" in the first edition (1855) of Leaves of Grass (Notebooks and unpublished Prosamanuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 1:178). On the contrary, there is another prosephragment (duk.00888) dealing with the importance of independent thinking amid social law and custom forces, as well as describing the attributes of a "perfect" human being. Whitman Archive Title: It is the infinite delusion Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00800 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS q 6 Date: 1855 or before Genre: prose, poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten View images: 1 â€ 2 Contents: This prosamanuscript contains a line similar to one from the poem that would eventually be titled "Song of Myself." Near the bottom of the Recton, Whitman writes that "The noble soul firmly rejects any freedom or privilege or wealth that is not open on the same terms to every other man and every other woman..." Compare this with the line of the first poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves: "By God! I don't accept anything that everyone can't have their equivalent to on the same terms." The reverse (duk.00261) contains ideas and languages related to what eventually became episode 41 of "Song of Myself." This would imply a date in or before 1855. Whitman Archive Title: is wider than the western Whitman Archive ID: pinch.00510 Archive: New York Public Library: The Henry W. and Albert A. Berg Collection of English and American Literature Date: Before or at the beginning of 1855 Genre: poetry, prose Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: A draft fragment including phrases and poetic lines that were revised and used in various poems by Leaves of Grass. "The Orbed opening of whose mouth," broke through on this manuscript, is hinting at a line that appeared in the poem finally called "Song of Myself": "Orbic flex in his mouth pours and fills me full." The line "Nature is rude at first—but once tires never began" was used slightly changed in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass, under the title "The Poem of the Road" (Whitman revised the title to "Song of the Open Road" in the 1867 edition). On the back of this manuscript is a prosephragment on the subject of knowledge and learning (nyp.00024). Whitman Archive Title: The Most Perfect Wonders Whitman Archive ID: pinch.00057 Archive: New York Public Library: The Henry W. and Albert A. Berg Collection of English and American Literature Repository Title: The Most Perfect Wonders... Date: Before or at the beginning of 1855 Genre: prose Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: Part of the language of this manuscript is similar to the wording of the poem which would eventually be titled "Song of Myself." See for example: "What is most common and cheapest and closest and easiest is me," (1855, p. 21); "I take my place among you as much as among anyone", (1855, p. 48); "Neither do I understand who can be more wonderful than myself" (1855, p. 54); "It is to you whoever you are . . . . . . . . . . It is no longer from you than your hearing and vision is from you, / It is suggested by the closest and most common and ready. . . . . . . . . . It is not them, although it is endlessly provoked by them" (1855, p. 59). Based on the handwriting, Edward Grier dates this manuscript to 1855 or earlier (Notebooks and unpublished prosamanuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 1:186). Whitman Archive Title: Enter into the thoughts Whitman Archive ID: pinch.00112 Repository: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman Repository Title: Enter into the thoughts of the different theological beliefs Date: before 1855 Genre: poetry Physical Description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 Contents: A manuscript containing lines of "in [in] in the thoughts of the various theological faiths." Edward Grier credits R. M. Bucke with pointing out the resemblance of the text to part of "Song of Myself" (especially the part that would become episode 43 of the Deathbed edition). Once part of a larger scrap that started with "For example, whisper." Edward F. Grier credits R. M. Bucke with pointing out the text's "equality with "Song of Myself" (1855), sec. 43, ll. 1096-1110. The date is undoubtedly before 1855." Whitman Archive Title: [I can tell you about the long besieged city] Whitman Archive ID: pinch.00511 Archive: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman Repository Title: I can tell you about the long besieged city Date: 1845–1855 Genre: prose, poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten View images: 1 â€ 2 Contents: A piece of paper with poetic lines used in revised form in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. The lines found in this manuscript were eventually used in the poem with the final title "Song of Myself". In verso of this scrap there is a prose fragment without known connection to Whitman's published work. Whitman Archive Title: mal where you may Whitman Archive ID: rut.00025 Repository: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey: Special Collections and University Archives Repository ID: Ac.605 Date: 1845–1855 Genre: poetry, prose Physical Description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: Recto is a manuscript fragment containing several lines of prose included, with slightly reworked wording, as lines of poetry in the original poem of 1855 Leaves of Grass (ultimately titled "Song of Myself"). The lines that appear in the poem begin with "Sit a while wayfarer" and continue through the end of the manuscript, ending with "and opening the gate to your exodus thereof." These lines would remain, with minor revisions, through all the different versions of "Song of Myself". Verso (rut.00024) contains a prosanot that appears to have no connection with Whitman's published works. Whitman Archive Title: [And for me every minute of the night] Whitman Archive ID: tex.00057 Archive: University of Texas at Austin: The Walt Whitman Collection, Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center Box: 2 Folder: 1 Archive Title: Song of Myself Date: Before 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: About ten draft lines of the opening poem of 1855 Leaves of Grass, ultimately titled "Song of Myself." This manuscript section consists of versions of lines appearing in the first published version of the poem, as well as in the 1855 preface. Various lines from this single episode appear in widely distributed places: in the final version of "Song of Myself", they appear in episodes 5, 13, 16, 31, 36 and 43, while others appear in the poem titled "To Think of Time" and in the pre-1855 handwritten poem "Pictures". Versot (e.g.00001) shows a tentative arrangement of the poems to the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, with work titles. Whitman Archive Title: [The Wild Gander Leads] Whitman Archive ID: loc.00507 Archive: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman Series: Literary File Box: 20 Folder: L of G (1855). Manuscript page. Date: c.1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> <unk> 2 Contents: A handwritten draft on a page of a part of "Song of Myself", which was published only in 1855. These lines eventually became episode 14 and the beginning of episode 15 of the final version of Leaves of Grass. On the back (loc.07428) is a long list of words, many of which are found in the poem eventually "Song of the Broad-Axe." Whitman Archive Title: For remember that Whitman Archive ID: loc.05334 Archive: Library of Congress: The Thomas Biggs Harned Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman Date: Between 1845 and 1860 Genre: prose Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Content: Edward Grier notes that this scrap contains ideas similar to those found in what would become section 4 of the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself." Both this manuscript and the poetry section discuss the idea that a person's true self is not defined by exterior trapping methods or social protocols. But Grier also states that this manuscript could be notes for a lecture that Whitman planned (Notebooks and unpublished Prosamanuscript [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 6:2047). In both cases, the manuscript is likely to date to the 1850s. Whitman Archive Title: [You villain, Touch!] Whitman Archive ID: tex.00002 Repository: The University of Texas at Austin: The Walt Whitman Collection, Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center Box: 2 Folder: 1 Repository Title: Song of Myself, Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry, prose Physical Description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 â€ 2 Contents: One side of this manuscript features of eleven lines, heavily reworked, for the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself", begins with You bow, Touch! The poem was first published in the first edition of Leaves of Grass in 1855. The notes on the other side, regarding prehistoric human life, are not known to be related to any of Whitman's published works. Whitman Archive Title: So happy to leave Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00296 Archive: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS q 32 Date: Before or early in 1855 Genre: prose, poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten View images: 1 â€ 2 Contents: Prose fragments that characterize social interactions with "taught and refined" as suffocating in comparison to experiences shared with "real men and women." The description of "boatmen" with "trowser's stuffed in their boots" may be related to a similar description in the poem that would eventually be titled "Song of Myself" ("The boatmen and mussels arose early and stayed for me, / I stopped my trowser ends in my boots and went and had fun"). The phrase "real men and women refreshing, cordial and evil" probably led to the following line, which appears later in the same poem: "Ever myself and my neighbors, refreshing and evil and real." These connections suggest a date before or at the beginning of 1855. Edward Grier notes that this manuscript was at one point coherent with another manuscript (Notebooks and unpublished prosamanuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 1:169; see canvas.00297). Whitman Archive Title: [Fa]bles, Traditions, and Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00261 Archive: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 6 Date: Between 1850 and 1855 Genre: poetry, prose Physical Description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: A manuscript draft with ideas and languages related to what eventually became section 41 of "Song of Myself" and to the untitled fourteenth poem of the 1860 cluster "Debris." "Song of Myself" first appeared, without title, in Leaves of Grass (1855); it had the first title, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American", in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" from 1860 to 1861. The final title, "Song of Myself", was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. The reverse (duk.00800) contains unrelated prose writing, including a line similar to that found in "Song of Myself." Whitman Archive Title: Being at all Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00001 Archive: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 2 Date: 1855 or before Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 â€ 2 Contents: This manuscript contains draft lines for what became episode 27 of "Song of Myself", first published as opening poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. In 1897, after Whitman's death, a poem titled "To Be at All", based on this manuscript, was published in "Ecopics of the Old Ages". On the back (duk.00883) are notes, court lines, and lists of words and phrases related to what eventually became episodes 24 and 49 of "Song of Myself" and to lines included in "The Sleepers". Both poems were first published in the first edition of Leaves of Grass in 1855. Whitman Archive Title: Outdoors is the best Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00297 Archive: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 32 Date: Before or at the beginning of 1855 Genre: prose, poetry Physical description: 1 leaf, handwritten View images: 1 â€ 2 Contents: This prose fragment extols virtues outdoor living and appeal by physical workers working outdoors. Similar ideas are found in whole leaves of grass. Edward Grier notes that this manuscript was at one point coherent with another manuscript (Notebooks and unpublished prosamanuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 1:169; see canvas.00296). The reference to clamdiggers in both this scrap and associated scrap can foresee a line in the poem which eventually received the title "Song of Myself" ("The boatmen and clamdiggers arose early and stayed for me, / I stopped my trowser ends in my boots and went and had a good time"). This indicates a date before or at the beginning of 1855. Whitman Archive Title: Remember that the clock Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00298 Archive: Duke University: Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 32 Date: before or at the beginning of 1855 Genre: prose, poetry Physical Description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 â€ 2 Contents: A prose manuscript that mainly deals with notions of time and which may have contributed to the following line in the first poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass (possibly titled "Song of Myself"): "The clock indicates the moment . . . . . . . . . . But what does eternity indicate?" The last lines of the manuscript contain ideas and phrases similar to another passage of the same poem. The manuscript's likeness of "God" or "soul" at an "Older Brother" is Minnish of lines "And I know that the hand of God is my own elder, / And I know that the spirit of God is my own eldest brother." These correspondences suggest a date before or at the beginning of 1855. Whitman Archive Title: The Most Amazing Beautys Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00304 Archive: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 33 Date: before or early in 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 â€ 2 Content: Notes, or possibly trial lines, express the idea that the highest beauty is found in what is "Cheapest" and "usually," probably connected to a passage in section 14 of "Song of Myself", first published without title in Leaves of Grass (1855). The poem was first titled "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" from 1860 to 1861. The final title, "Song of Myself", was first used in the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a sheet of layout, along with "It seems to me", "What then will the great poet be?" and "don't make any quotes." Whitman Archive Title: In metaphysical points Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00159 Archive: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 67 Date: 1855 or before Genre: prose, poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten View images: 1 â€ 2 Contents: Manuscripts on the roles of science and "soul" in fear of truth. The fragmentary piece at the bottom of the sheet appears to be the sprout to some lines of what eventually became "Song of Myself", section 23, first published without title in Leaves of Grass (1855). The poem was first titled, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" from 1860 to 1861. The final title, "Song of Myself", was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. Whitman Archive Title: myself to celebrate Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00787 Archive: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Date: Between 1850 and 1855 Genre: poetry, prose Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten View images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: A manuscript containing lines included in the poem finally titled "Song of Myself", including the poem's famous opening, "I celebrate myself." "Song of Myself" first appeared without a title in Leaves of Grass (1855). The poem had the first title, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 Leaves, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" from 1860 to 1861. The final title, "Song of Myself", was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. On the back is a prosamanuscript (duk.00879) with unknown connection to Whitman's published works. In the repository, this manuscript is bound, seemingly by a collector, with a printer copy of the 1881-82 edition of Leaves of Grass containing numerous handwritten corrections by Whitman (duk.00098). Whitman Archive Title: It was unworthy a live man to be Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00162 Archive: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS q 203 Date: Before or at the beginning of 1855 Genre: poetry, prose Physical Description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: An early scrap of prose material similar to parts of "Song of Myself", which first appeared without title in Leaves of Grass (1855). The poem was first titled "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" from 1860 to 1861. The final title, "Song of Myself", was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. The last three lines of the manuscript may have contributed to what became episode 32, where Whitman describes wanting to "live a while with animals" because "[t]hea do not sweat and whine about their condition, / They do not lie awake in the dark and weep over their sins." These lines appeared in the first version of the poem in 1855, suggesting a date before or early that year. Whitman Archive Title: Sweet flag Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00883 Archive: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository Title: Song of Myself (Autograph MS, draft portions) Being at all... Archive ID: MS 4 to 2 Date: Between 1850 and 1855 Genre: prose, poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten View images: 1 â€2 Content: Whitman probably wrote this manuscript in the early 1850s which he composed the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass. This manuscript, filled with suggestive words and phrases, appears to have contributed to the first and fourth poem in the volume, both titled "Leaves of Grass" and now more commonly known by its final titles, "Song of Myself" and "The Sleepers", respectively. The phrase "Bulbs of life lilies, polished melons" heralds "polished breasts of melons" in "Song of Myself", and the list in this manuscript may relate to the following line: "Root of washed sweet-flag, Timorous dust-snipe, nest of guarded duplicates eggs, it shall be you." Other parts of this manuscript seem to have contributed to "The Sleeping Ones". The writing "I am a look / mystic / in a trans/ exaltation" may have led to the line "I am a dance . . . . . . . . . . Play up there! The pass is swirling me fast." Furthermore, the reference to the soothing hand is perhaps an early version of the passage where the narrator, standing "with hanging eyes of the worst suffering and restless", passes his "hands calming back and forth a few inches from them." Finally, the passage of "Sap flowing from the end of the male maple" (associated in the manuscript with "the Tooth of delight" and "tandspring") probably contributed to the following passage in the same poem: "The white teeth stop, and the boss-tooth progresses in darkness, / And liquor spills on lips and bosom by touching glasses, and the best liquor afterwards." These lines were removed from the final edition of the poem. The writing on the back of the page (duk.00001) contributed to another part of the poem that became "Song of Myself". Whitman Archive Title: [out of the tips of fingers] Whitman Archive ID: loc.05705 Archive: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman Series: Notes and Notebooks Box: 38 Folder: Notes & Nbks Brooklyniana Fulton St Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry, prose Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 â€2 Contents: Canceled and fragmentary lines that were revised and used in what became section 39 of the final version of "Song of Myself", a poem first published in Leaves of Grass (1855). The prosanot on the other side of the sheet touches on Brooklyn's history, although no connection between it and Whitman's published work on that subject has been established. Whitman Archive Title: Superb and infinitely diverse Whitman Archive ID: pinch.00063 Repository: New York Public Library: The Henry W. and Albert A. Berg Collection of English and American Literature Repository Title: Holography notes for lectures and poems; 12 notes written on 14 pieces of paper, unsigned, undated. Date: Before or at the beginning of 1855 Genre: prose, poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> <unk> 2 Contents: This manuscript's discussion of the expanse of time and space resembles a passage from the poem that would eventually be titled "Song of Myself." The manuscript includes the phrase "innumerable eight million of the cubic leagues of space", while a phrase from the poem's version in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass reads "a few eight million cubic leagues, not the danger span" (51). Whether this manuscript contributed directly to the poem or not, the similarity suggests that the manuscript was written before or at the beginning of 1855. Whitman Archive Title: Night of south winds Whitman Archive ID: pinch.00078 Repository: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman Date: c.1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, c.19,5 x 19 cm., handwritten Show images: 1 â€ 2 Contents: A manuscript that includes languages that appeared in the first poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, in what later became episode 21 of "Song of Myself." In the verse there are lines that eventually found into section 31 of the same poem. The manuscript was taped by the collector. Whitman Archive Title: vain mastodonten Whitman Archive ID: pinch.00079 Archive: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman Date: Before or at the beginning of 1855 Genre: poetry, prose Physical description: 1 sheet, 18.5 times 19.7 cm. (irregular), handwritten View images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: Recto contains draft lines for the first poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, titled "Song of Myself." These lines are from episodes 31 and 32, which numbered in the 1891-92 edition. In the verse there are two prose notes, the first (nyp.00523) about the frequent malice of men of high social standing and the second (nyp.00524) about the wisdom of keeping "purely outside and inside." The blade was cut earlier between the verso-side tones, probably by Whitman, and has been reunited. Whitman Archive Title: Loveblows Whitman Archive ID: pinch.00122 Archive: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman Repository Title: Loveblows Loveblossoms Date: Before or early 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 Contents: A list of words beginning with "Love-" (e.g. "Loveroot"), many of them plant metaphors that could be read referring to parts of the body, particularly on the genitals. Several of the words were featured in line 14 of the 1855 version of the poem which would eventually be titled "Song of Myself". Another section of the manuscript became several lines from the initial stanza of "Broad-Axe Poem" in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass. The poem would later be titled "Bred-Axen's Song". The word "loveclimber" (found in the manuscript) appeared in "Bunch Poem" in the 1856 edition of Leaves, later renamed "Spontaneous Me." The manuscript is pasted onto a backing, making it verso inaccessible. Whitman Archive Title: Poem—a perfect school Whitman Archive ID: tul.00011 Archive: University of Tulsa: Walt Whitman Ephemera Box: 1 Folder: 2 Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry, prose Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk>2 Contents: Whitman's notes for a poem about "a perfect school." The proposed poem is not known to have been published, although words and feelings appearing in this manuscript also appeared in the poem which would later be titled "Song of Myself". The lines on the reverse (tul.00002) contributed to Whitman's poem "To Think of Time", first published without title in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. Whitman Archive Title: In the High School Whitman Archive ID: yal.00452 Archive: Yale University: Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library Box: 3 Folder: 140 Date: 1850–1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: Two poetic fragments, written on the front and back of a leaf. The lines on one side, which describe a imagined scene in a Greek gymnasium, are not identifiable related to any of Whitman's published works. Those on the other side were used in the poem ultimately titled "Song of Myself". first published in Leaves of Grass (1855). Whitman Archive Title: Test Whitman Archive ID: med.00727 Archive: Unplaced manuscripts Date: Before or early 1855 Genre: prose Physical description: number of sheets unknown, handwritten Images: currently unavailable Content: The lines of this manuscript likely contributed to lines in the poem that would eventually be titled "Song of Myself." The date of the manuscript is therefore likely before or at the beginning of 1855. Whitman Archive Title: Breathjuice Whitman Archive ID: med.00728 Archive: Unlocated Manuscripts Date: Before or early 1855 Genre: prose Physical Description: number of sheets unknown, handwritten Images: currently unavailable Content: This list may have indirectly contributed to the ideas found in what became the second part of the poem titled "Song of Myself." These lines deal with breath, fragrances and sexuality, all of which are indicated by the terms in this manuscript. Since the manuscript has not been located, it is difficult to speculate about the circumstances or dates of its composition, but it seems likely that it was written before or at the beginning of 1855. Whitman Archive Title: Rule in all addresses Whitman Archive ID: loc.00163 Archive: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of papers in the Walt Whitman Series: Notes and notebooks Box: 39 Folder: Literary, Rule in all addresses. Date: Before 1856 Genre: prose, poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> <unk> 2 Content: Lines and phrases in both recto and verso of this manuscript contributed to parts of the poem that would eventually be titled "Song of Myself". A few lines in verso contributed to the poem that would eventually be titled "Crossing Brooklyn Ferry." Other lines in verso may have contributed to the preface to the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. On the recton, the phrase "fellow and comrade" found its way into "Song of Myself". The manuscript line that reads "A mother as well as father, a child as well as a man" in the poem becomes the line "Madame as well as father, a child as well as a man." And several lines of manuscript, beginning with "Not just an American...", in the poem become the lines beginning "Not only of the new world..." Edward Grier speculates that Whitman's note that not "forget the bombardment" is in reference to the "bombardment" of the "old artilleryman" in "Song of Myself" (Notebooks and unpublished prosamanuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 1:165). In the verse, several phrases of prose were later used, in slightly revised form, in a line for "Sol-down Poem" in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass. In 1860, the poem was converted to "Crossing Brooklyn Ferry". Part of the manuscript reads: "I doubt whether my greatest thoughts, as I had imagined them, are not superficial. — and people will most likely laugh at me." The line of the poem reads: "My great thoughts, as I assumed them, were they not in reality meagre? Wouldn't people laugh at me?" It is possible that some of the poetic lines in verso contributed to the preface to the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. The idea that ordinary people are greater than presidents or general majors (from the manuscript) can be related to the meaning of the preface that reads: "Other states turn themselves in their deputies .... but the genius of the United States is not best or most in its executives or legislatures, nor in its ambassadors or writers or colleges or churches or salons, not even in its newspapers or inventors ... but always mostly in the ordinary people." Other words and phrases in this manuscript may have contributed to other parts of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. Whitman Archive Title: it's not a miracle now when Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00007 Archive: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4 to 3 Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 â€ 2 Contents: A manuscript draft ideas on touch related to episodes 28–30 in the final version of "Song of Myself", which first appeared, without title, in Leaves of Grass (1855). In the 1856 edition, it was titled "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" from 1860–1861. The final title, "Song of Myself", was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. The back of the leaf (duk.00797 contains prose writing related to another section of the same poem. Whitman Archive Title: Light and Air! Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00260 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4 to 4 Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: A manuscript draft ideas related to section 31 of the final version of "Song of Myself", which first appeared, without title, in Leaves of Grass (1855); it was first titled, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" in 1860–1861. The final title, "Song of Myself", was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. Whitman Archive Title: I know as well as you that Bibles are divine revelation Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00051 Archive: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4 to 5 Date: c.1855 Genre: poetry Physical Description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: A manuscript draft deals with ideas of divine revelation related to section 41 of the final version of "Song of Myself", which first appeared, without title, in Leaves of Grass (1855); it was first titled, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" in 1860–1861. The final title was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. The reverse (duk.00887) contains notes, dated March 20, '54, on the characters and physical features of several men whom Whitman met in his travels. Whitman Archive Title: There is no word in any language Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00018 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: Trent II-7, 201 Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten View images: 1 Content: A manuscript draft ideas about God and man related to what eventually became sections 48-49 of the final version of "Song of Myself", which first appeared, without title, in Leaves of Grass (1855); it was first titled, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" in 1860–1861. The final title, "Song of Myself", was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. This manuscript has been mounted and framed with a prosephragment, dealing with the soul and nature, and a photograph of Whitman. An image of verso is not available. Whitman Archive Title: My Spirit sped back to the Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00262 Repository: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 7 Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten View images: 1 â€ 2 Contents: A manuscript draft generally related to ideas expressed in "Song of Myself", which first appeared, without title, in Leaves of Grass (1855); it was the first title, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" in 1860–1861. The final title, "Song of Myself", was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. The back contains a set line: "None of the heroic guests." Whitman Archive Title: And when they went far enough to see Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00003 Archive: Duke University: Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 1 Date: between 1850 and 1860 Genre: poetry, prose Physical Description: 2 sheets, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> <unk> 2 <unk> 3 <unk> 4 Contents: On one side of these manuscripts leaves are drafts of lines for the opening poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, finally titled "Song of Myself", sections six and seven. The poem was first titled, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" from 1860 to 1861. The final title, "Song of Myself", was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. On the back are fragments of an unpublished prose piece that appear to represent an early draft of "Unnamed Countries", a poem first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass. The material of the second leaf shares that poem not only a close thematic similarity but also several of the same phrases. Whitman Archive Title: And I have discovered them by night and by Whitman Archive ID: canvas.0006 Archive: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 1 Date: between 1850 and 1860 Genre: poetry Physical Description: 1 sheet, handwritten View images: 1 â€ 2 Contents: Draft lines on one side of the manuscript sheet contributed to the opening poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. In the final version of the poem, "Song of Myself", these lines are found in section 48. The poem was first titled, "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American," in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened the title to "Walt Whitman" from 1860 to 1861. The final title was not introduced until the 1881–1882 edition of Leaves. It is not known whether the prose on the leaf's reverse is related to any of Whitman's published works; however, physical and thematic similarities with "And I have discovered them at night and at", above, and "My tongue can never settle for harness", below, make a connection with the 1860 poem "Unnamed Countries" likely. Whitman Archive Title: My tongue can never settle for harness Whitman Archive ID: canvas.00008 Archive: Duke University: The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana Repository ID: MS 4to 1 Date: between 1850 and 1860 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: On one side of the manuscript sheet are draft poetic lines with an unknown relation to Whitman's published works. Physical and thematic similarities with "And once they have gone far enough to see" and "And I have discovered them at night", above, however, suggest that the lines were possibly prepared for the 1855 poem which eventually became "Song of Myself". These similarities also indicate that the prose on the leaf's reverse is likely related to "Unnamed Countries", first published in Leaves of Grass (1860). Whitman Archive Title: [How Can There Be Immortality] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00014 Archive: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Folder: 49 Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, 4.5 x 14.5 cm, handwritten View images: 1 â€2 Contents: These lines, appearing on a very small part of white laid paper cut and cropped irregularly, bear a strong resemblance to the (possibly) second verse paragraph in section 6 of "From Paumanok," first published in 1860 as "Proto-Leaf." The fragmentary lines in verso (the beginning of "Down, floating, swif[t]"), represent another version of a series incorporated in the for 1855 poem "Pictures" and of an inscribed in the 1854 notebook [I know a rich capitalist...], currently housed at the New York Public Library. Whitman Archive Title: [I am a student] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00238 Archive: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Folder: 88 Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, 9.5 x 15 cm, handwritten View images: 1 â€2 Contents: Themes expressed in this early fragment would inform the lines that eventually became section 2 of "Song of Myself;" Whitman never used it verbatim. In the verse, an oval but heavily revised early draft of famous lines, beginning "The spotted hawk sweeps off ...", incorporated into what would constitute the final canto of the poem in 1867 and later editions of Leaves of Grass.- > Whitman Archive Title: [I call back blunderers] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00250 Archives: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Folder: 88 Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 leaf, 4.5 x 19.5 cm pasted to 7 x 19.5 cm, handwritten Show images: 1 Â 2 Contents: The first few lines were never used, but the last two verses (beginning "I offer men no painted saucers...") share similarities with the last verse (starting to 7 x 19.5 cm, handwritten to 7 x 19.5 cm, handwritten to all poems of what would eventually become episodes"). Whitman Archive Title: [Do not show me] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00251 Archive: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Folder: 88 Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, 8 x 18,5 cm, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: In the verse two oval lines begin "Whatever I say about myself, you shall apply to yourself..." which eventually formed part of section 20 of "Song of Myself." The removed pencil lines starting "I never think there will be more heaven or hell/than there is now", were revised to form what would eventually become the second verse piece in section 3 of "Song of Myself". After vigorous revision, the lines found on the manuscript's recto were used in what would be episode 41 of "Song of Myself". These lines also bear relationship to the untitled 14th poem of the "Debris" cluster (1860). The lines were not among the various passages of "Debris" that survived in the closing poems of Leaves of Grass. Whitman Archive Title: [My hand will not damage what it holds] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00254 Archive: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Folder: 88 Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, 19 x 15,5 cm, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: The numbers 195 and 196 are inscribed in verso and recto respectively, these numbers, along with remnants of pasta and binding tape along the left margin of recto, suggest that the pages came from a notebook. The lines on the rectot are deleted and appear to have been revised to form what is now Section 28 of the "Song of Myself". Verso contains oval notes beginning with a list of animals and plants ("cottonwood—mulberry—/chickadee—large brown water dog"), followed by a verse ("Suicide/went to a solitary location...") which Whitman revised for use ("Suicide extensions on the bloody floor of the bedroom,") in what would eventually constitute section 8 of "Song of Myself." This verse is followed by another section of the natural "catalogue" ("locust, birch/cypress..."), below appearing a couple of verses (beginning "O dirt, you corpse — I think you are good fertilizer —") used in what would be section 48 of "I myself's song". The list of flora and fauna could foresee any number of similar lists in Whitman, but bears the strongest similarity to episode 29 of "Beauty Poem" (final title: "A Song of Joys"), which first appeared in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass. Whitman Archive Title: [I am a Curse] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00256 Archive: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Folder: 88 Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, 18.5 x 17.5 cm, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: A leaf inscribed and reworked on both sides in pen. The trial lines in verso (the beginning of "His much pain is exstasy") seem to have been revised to be included in what is now episode 29 of "Song of Myself". Whitman's unusual spelling of "ecstasy" not only indicates that the lines came very early in the process of writing Leaves of Grass, but that these lines may have originally been part of the proto-"Song of Myself" before being transferred to what would become "The Sleepers." The verses and words "I am a curse" link this sheet to two sections of draft verses in the earliest Library of Congress notebook (#80) which begins "Fierce wrestler!" "I'm a curse." Whitman Archive Title: [The sares on my wings are from his] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00260 Archive: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Folder: 88 Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 leaf, 8 x 15 cm, handwritten Show images: 1 × × 2 Contents: Inscribed, revised and removed in pen. In verso, the oval lines are shown "Hear my fife! —I am a recruiter / Come, who will join my squad?" Researchers have recorded these lines as a version of the lines ("And now a cheerful recruiter, with fife and drum, is looking for who will/join his squad...") in the pre-1855 recorded notebook poem "Pictures." The image of the musician recruiting attention equally for everyone's problems connects these lines with section 18 of "Song of Myself". Although the manuscript contains the phrase "iron necklace", which appears in the poem titled "To A Foil'd European Revolutionaire", the image of the steamboat that takes away the woman and the first person storytelling style seems to associate this manuscript most clearly with the development of what would eventually become section 4 of "The Sleepers" which first appeared in print with this title in 1871. Whitman Archive Title: [Where the Little Muskox wears its] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00261 Archive: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Folder: 88 Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, 6 x 19 cm, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Content: Inscribed and revised on both sides in pencil. The only line used from recto ("Where the life car is drawn on the slipstring") is ironed here; it became part of what would eventually form episode 33 of "Song of Myself". The deleted versoorades (begins "Who knows I won't myself / [...] time be a God, as pure and wonderful/as anyone?") constitutes a poetic revision of the prosanots in the Library of Congress notebook #85, and appears to have led up to what would eventually become episode 48 of "Song of Myself". Whitman Archive Title: [You there] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00263 Archive: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Folder: 88 Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, 12.5 x 20 cm, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: The left side of the manuscript is torn as if the page had been removed from a notebook. This page was apparently inscribed very close to the publication of the 1855 "Leaves of Grass"; with some revisions it became part of what would eventually become episode 40 of "Song of Myself". In the verse, oval tones are shown defining and illustrating such verse forms as "hexameter", "dactyl", "Spondee", "Iambus" and "Trochee". These notes represent an incomplete version of notes on a manuscript currently kept at Rutgers University. Researchers have commented that the Rutgers manuscript is probably dated to 1856 or afterwards, when Whitman pursued a self-education in poetry, suggesting that the verso notes in this manuscript also date to that period. Whitman Archive Title: [And their voices] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00264 Archive: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Folder: 88 Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, 4.5 x 19.5 cm, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: A pen question mark appears above a very weak line that links "valved" and "corn". These semiprose, semi-poetic tones were revised and incorporated into two separate verses of what would become "Song of Myself": the final verse 597, in section 26 ("I hear...the toned cornet") and verse 1067 in section 42 ("Ever the vexer's Hoot! Hoot! until we find where the shrewd hide and keep him/out...") Whitman Archive Title: [The stench of the salt sumph] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00265 Archive: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Folder: 88 Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 leaf, 8.5 x 20 cm, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: The first line originally read "Odor of salt marsh, and of clay and seagrass[.]" An earlier version of these lines is also associated with proto-"Song of Myself" verses in the Library of Congress Notebook #80 ("And the salt marsh and creek have/delicate odors..."). The "earthly laughter of the gull" recurs in what would eventually become line 763 (section 33) of "Song of Myself". However, most lines were incorporated (after further revision) into the tenth poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. This poem was titled "Poem of The Child That Went Forth, and Always Goes Forth, Forever and Forever" in the 1856 edition, after which it became number 9 in the 1860 group "Leaves of Grass", number 1 in another "Leaves of Grass" group in 1867, and finally "There Was a Child Went Forth" in the 1872 edition. Whitman Archive Title: [I am becoming the poet of babes and] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00269 Archive: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Folder: 88 Date: c. 1855 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 leaf, 4 x 14.5 cm pasted to 4.5 x 15 cm, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: The Verso lines begin "I think I could gloom the earth's girdle / away" and "Sure I am out of my head!" deletes with several pencil strokes. The deleted number 209 appears in the upper right corner of the lower part. After much reworking, the rectors, which are related to lines in the Library of Congress Notebook #80, seem to have become part of what would be episode 44 of "Song of Myself." The verse contains an early draft of lines eventually incorporated in section 27 of the poem. Whitman Archive Title: [Can ? Make me so exuberant yet so weak] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00273 Repository: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Liter Special Collections Library Box: 1 Folder: 88 Date: c.1855 Genre: poetry Physical Description: 1 sheet, 6 x 19.5 cm, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: Recto verses bear a certain resemblance to what would eventually form section 28 of "Song of Myself", while the deleted lines in verso (begins "This mouth is drawn by a few sixteen for his bleakest fee,") represent a fragment of draft lines which would eventually be incorporated into the sixth poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, a poem permanently titled "Faces" in the 1872 edition. Whitman Archive Title: [You woman, mother of children] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00137 Archive: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 2 Folder: 2 Date: 1850-1860 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 leaf, 24.5 cm x 24.5 cm, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: This manuscript contains images of women as mother and wife. The husband and wife together at night consistently appear as one of the images used in the poem ultimately titled "Song of Myself" in all editions of Leaves of Grass. Whitman Archive Title: The Whale-boat Whitman Archive ID: uva.00117 Archive: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 2 Folder: 23 Repository ID: #3829-i Date: late 1850s Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, 21 cm x 12 cm, handwritten Show images: 1 â€2 Contents: This manuscript contains notes on whales reflecting a passage about whales published in "Song of Myself". A direct relationship between this manuscript and Whitman's published work is unknown, although a possible relationship also exists with drafts of the poem "The Sleepers" in which Whitman worked on the idea of a whale being harpooned. These notes may be a continuation of notes written on two separate scraps and held at Duke University (The Trent Collection of Walt Whitman Manuscripts, Duke University Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library), "The Whale," MS 4 to 88. Whitman Archive Title: [with Cophósis] Whitman Archive ID: loc.00005 Archive: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman Series: Notes and Notebooks Box: 39 Folder: Literary, Before 1855, Women Date: Between 1852 and 1854 Genre: poetry Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten View images: 1 <unk> <unk> 2 <unk> 3 <unk> 4 Contents: These pages were written by Whitman in the early to mid-1850s. William White, in his edition of Whitman's Diaries and Notebooks, 3 vols. (New York: New York University Press, 1978), noted a relationship between these pages and the poems "Who Learns My Lesson Complete?", "By Blue Ontario's Shore", "The Song of the Answerer" and "There Was a Child Went Forth." Some of the ideas and languages developed here also appear in the poem which would be titled "Song of Myself". For a discussion of the dating and significance of this notebook, see Matt Miller, Collage of Myself: Walt Whitman and the Making of Leaves of Grass (lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2010), 11–16. Whitman Archive Title: Summer Duck Whitman Archive ID: loc.00158 Archive: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman Series: Notes and Notebooks Box: 39 Folder: Literary, Before 1855, Wood Drake Date: Between 1852 and 1855 Genre: poetry, prose Physical description: 2 sheets, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> <unk> <unk> 3 <unk> 4 Content: An early manuscript. William White, in his edition of Whitman's Diaries and Notebooks, 3 vols. (New York: New York University Press, 1978), noted a relationship between the material at the beginning of this manuscript and what eventually became episodes 13, lines 237–243 in "Song of Myself." The rows at the bottom of the back of the second page contributed to what became section 22 of that poem, lines 464–469. Whitman Archive Title: The fester of defeat sharper than the Whitman Archive ID: pinch.00023 Repository: New York Public Library: The Henry W. and Albert A. Berg Collection of English and American Literature Date: 1854—1855 Genre: poetry Physical Description: 1 sheet, handwritten View images: 1 â€ 2 Contents: Poetic lines, some of which appeared somewhat revised in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. These lines form part of the poem Whitman titled "Song of Myself". In verso of this scrap of paper, there is a prose fragment in which Whitman cites Voltaire. Whitman Archive Title: Autobiographical Data Whitman Archive ID: loc.05935 Archive: Library of Congress: The Thomas Biggs Harned Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman Box: 6 Folder: Notebooks [before 1855] Date: Between 1848 and 1856 Genre: prose, poetry Physical description: 10 sheets, handwritten View images: 1 â ¬ 2 ¬ 3 ¬ 4 ¬ 4 ¬ 6 ¬ 7 ¬ € ¢ 9 ¬ ¬ 10 Content: Photostats, made for William L. Finkel sometime "before 1942," of a notebook then in the collection but lost during World War II. Partial transcriptions, carried out by Emory Holloway and Clifton Furness in the 1920s, suggest that the photo states, showing sixteen full pages and parts of four others, are an incomplete representation of the original. Neither the photo states nor the extant transcriptions bear any definitive evidence for dating the notebook, but scholars have generally agreed that Whitman must have written its contents around the time of publication of the first edition of Leaves of Grass in 1855. Ed Folsom has noted a connection between a passage shown on the right side of the fourth image and the depiction of "mosh'd firefighter" in "Song of Myself". See Folsom, "Erasing Race: The Lost Black Presence in Whitman's Manuscripts," in Whitman Noir: Black America and the Good Gray Poet (Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 2014), 3–31. Whitman Archive Title: I know a rich capitalist Whitman Archive ID: pinch.00129 Repository: New York Public Library: The Oscar Lion Collection of Walt Whitman Date: between 1854 and 1860 Genre: prose, poetry Physical description: 14 blades, handwritten View images: 1 â€ 2 3 â€ 4 4 â€ 5 â€ 6 â€ 8œ 8 9 â€ 10 â€ 11 ¬ 12 œ 12 œ 14 ¬ 14 â€ 15 â€ 16 œ 17 œ 18 ¬ 19 â 20 ¬ 21 â 22 â 23 â 24 â 25 ¬ 26 â 27 Contents: A notebook with twelve leaves, plus covers, which Whitman seems to have used between 1854 and about 1860. Andrew C. Higgins has claimed that in the months prior to the release of the first edition of Leaves of Grass in 1855, the poet used separate notebooks to elaborate various themes. This, he says, used Whitman "to develop his cosmology and theory of love" (see Higgins, "Wage Slavery and the Composition of Leaves of Grass: The 'Talbot Wilson' Notebook", Walt Whitman Quarterly Review 20, no. 2 [2002]: 74n14). The notebook contains at least eight sections that appear to have contributed to published works. Of these, the majority are early articulations of images and phrases that appeared in the first poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, eventually titled "Song of Myself". These include two different drafts (one on prose, on surface 11, and one on verse, on surface 14) beginning "Love is the cause of the causes." Surface 4, 7 and 15 also carry passages that possibly contributed to this poem. The section on surface 4 may also be related to the 1855 poems set up titled "A Song for Occupations" and "Great Are the Myths". On surface 22, a passage is possibly connected with the 1855 preface. Another passage, on surface 26, clearly contributed to the 1856 poem "Poem of the Road" (later titled "Song of the Open Road"), and another, on surface 15, appears to have contributed to the 1860–1861 poem "Canter Democrat. 4" (later titled "Our Old Feuillage"). Emory Holloway has pointed out that Whitman's reference to San Francisco's sinking indicates that this notebook, "or at least part of it, is later than 1853." He writes that "it probably began in 1854" because the "marmor church" mentioned on the first page probably refers to the Marble Collegiate Church in Manhattan, "which was not completed until then" (see Holloway, "A Whitman manuscript", American Mercury 3 [December 1924], 475–480). No image of the outer rear cover is available because the notebook has been sewn into a larger volume. Whitman Archive Title: [Remember if you are dying] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00278 Archive: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Folder: 88 Date: 1855-1859 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, 8 x 15,5 cm, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: The Verso lines (beginning "[sl]ueing,/...[be]nding,/...content in the shade,") represent a fragment of a polished pre-1855 publication draft of lines that would eventually belong in section 13 of "Song of Myself." Whitman used this sheet sometime after 1855 to write down the rectovers perpendicular to the steered lines. These seem to constitute a complete but very early draft of the poem "To a Short to Die", first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass in the cluster "Messenger Leaves". In the upper right corner of the recto, the words "not / last page of 'Ghost-seers'" appear in Whitman's hand, suggesting that he had considered forming a cluster under this title, never published, in Leaves of Grass, perhaps in the 1860 edition. The phrase "Ghost-seers" recalls a statement about Emerson in "Leaves-Droppings", a section of correspondence and commentary Whitman attached to the 1856 edition: "[Emerson] sees the future of truths as our Andes-seeers discern the future of man..." Whitman Archive Title: [The genuine miracle of Christ] Whitman Archive ID: loc.01019 Repository: Library of Congress: The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman Series: Literary File Box: 36 Folder: Undated, "The Genuine Miracles of Christ", draft Date: c.1855 Genre: prose, poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten View images: 1 â € 2 Contents: A cancelled prose manuscript containing lines that contributed to Whitman's published poetry. The line which reads, "the vast elementary sympathy which, only the human soul is capable of generating and emitting in steady and limitless floods", was used, somewhat reworked, in "A song of joy," first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass, as "Joy Poem". The line that reads, "descended from the tips of his fingers from the smell of his body from the steam of his lungs" was revised and used in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, and eventually included in what finally came to be the 39th stanza of "Song of Myself". Whitman Archive Title: [I may not fool you – you shall die] Whitman Archive ID: uva.00280 Archive: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Folder: 88 Date: 1855-1860 Genre: poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, 4 x 14.5 cm, handwritten Show images: 1 <unk> 2 Contents: The Verso lines (beginning "[I] and no one else is the greatest traitor,") represent a later draft than similar verses in the Library of Congress Notebook #80 of what would eventually become part of section 28 of "Song of Myself." The Rectorades were revised to be included in the 1860 poem "To a Short to Die." Whitman Archive Title: Brutish human beenships Whitman Archive ID: uva.00085 Archive: University of Virginia: Papers of Walt Whitman, Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library Box: 1 Folder: 12 Repository Title: Brutish human beenships - wild men - the 'koboo' Repository ID: #3829-in Date: 1857-1859 Genre: prose, poetry Physical description: 1 sheet, handwritten, printed View images: 1 â€2 Contents: This manuscript contains notes by Whitman about what he calls "a very low type of people", "wild men", "coboon", apparently described to Whitman by Elias Pierson in June 1857. Pierson had been in China in the Canton rebel army, and had seen the Aboriginal "koboo" people, as reported in the manuscript, on the Ladrone Islands, in the South China Sea off Canton. To reinforce the truthfulness of Pierson's stories of "koboot", Whitman mentions the fact that Captain Walter Murray Gibson, who had also spoken of the "koboo" people (possibly in the book Report, American Geographical and Statistical Society. Monthly meeting. March, 1854. Captain Walter M. Gibson of the East India Archipelago: a Description of Its Wild Human Races, published in 1854, and/or in The Prison of Weltefredin, and a Glance at the East Indian Archipelago, published in 1855), had assured that all his statements in the book were true and made in good faith. Because the term "koboo" is used by Whitman in "Song of Myself" (the term already appeared in the first published version of the poem, in the 1855 edition, and was retained in all the subsequent editions) and in "Salut au Monde!" (the term appeared in the first published version of the poem in the 1856 edition and was maintained in all the subsequent editions), it is likely that Whitman first learned of "koboot" by reading Gibson, and then again hearing about them from Pierson. The manuscript also contains a clip of a short newspaper column titled "The Wild Men of Borneo", and a brief commentary on it. Choose a Number: All Questions Vol. 36, no. 1 Vol. 35, no. 4 Vol. 35, no. 3 Vol. 35, no. 2 Vol. 35, no. 1 Vol. 34, no. 4 Vol. 34, no. 3 Vol. 34, no. 2 Vol. 34, no. 1 Vol. 33, no. 4 Vol. 33, no. 3 Vol. 33, no. 2 Vol. 33, no. 1 Vol. 32, no. 4 Vol. 32, no. 3 Vol. 32, no. 2 Vol. 32, no. 1 Vol. 31, no. 4 Vol. 31, no. 3 Vol. 31, no. 2 Vol. 31, no. 1 Vol. 30, no. 4 Vol. 30, no. 3 Vol. 30, no. 2 Vol. 30, no. 1 Vol. 29, no. 4 Vol. 29, no. 3 Vol. 29, no. 2 Vol. 29, no. 1 Vol. 28, no. 4 Vol. 28, no. 3 Vol. 28, no. 2 Vol. 28, no. 1 Vol. 27, no. 4 Vol. 27, no. 3 Vol. 27, no. 2 Vol. 27, no. 1 Vol. 26, no. 4 Vol. 26, no. 3 Vol. 26, no. 2 Vol. 26, no. 1 Vol. 25, no. 4 Vol. 25, no. 3 Vol. 25, no. 2 Vol. 25, no. 1 Vol. 24, no. 4 Vol. 24, no. 3 Vol. 24, no. 2 Vol. 24, no. 1 Vol. 23, no. 4 Vol. 23, no. 3 Vol. 23, no. 2 Vol. 23, no. 1 Vol. 22, no. 4 Vol. 22, no. 3 Vol. 22, no. 2 Vol. 22, no. 1 Vol. 21, no. 4 Vol. 21, no. 3 Vol. 21, no. 2 Vol. 21, no. 1 Vol. 20, no. 4 Vol. 20, no. 3 Vol. 20, no. 2 Vol. 20, no. 1 Vol. 19, no. 4 Vol. 19, no. 3 Vol. 19, no. 2 Vol. 19, no. 1 Vol. 18, no. 4 Vol. 18, no. 3 Vol. 18, no. 2 Vol. 18, no. 1 Vol. 17, no. 4 Vol. 17, no. 3 Vol. 17, no. 2 Vol. 17, no. 1 Vol. 16, no. 4 Vol. 16, no. 3 Vol. 16, no. 2 Vol. 16, no. 1 Vol. 15, no. 4 Vol. 15, no. 3 Vol. 15, no. 2 Vol. 15, no. 1 Vol. 14, no. 4 Vol. 14, no. 3 Vol. 14, no. 2 Vol. 14, no. 1 Vol. 13, no. 4 Vol. 13, no. 3 Vol. 13, no. 2 Vol. 13, no. 1 Vol. 12, no. 4 Vol. 12, no. 3 Vol. 12, no. 2 Vol. 12, no. 1 Vol. 11, no. 4 Vol. 11, no. 3 Vol. 11, no. 2 Vol. 11, no. 1 Vol. 10, no. 4 Vol. 10, no. 3 Vol. 10, no. 2 Vol. 10, no. 1 Vol. 9, no. 4 Vol. 9, no. 3 Vol. 9, no. 2 Vol. 9, no. 1 Vol. 8, no. 4 Vol. 8, no. 3 Vol. 8, no. 2 Vol. 8, no. 1 Vol. 7, no. 4 Vol. 7, no. 3 Vol. 7, no. 2 Vol. 7, no. 1 Vol. 6, no. 4 Vol. 6, no. 3 Vol. 6, no. 2 Vol. 6, no. 1 Vol. 5, no. 4 Vol. 5, no. 3 Vol. 5, no. 2 Vol. 5, no. 1 Vol. 4, no. 4 Vol. 4, no. 3 Vol. 4, no. 2 Vol. 4, no. 1 Vol. 3, no. 4 Vol. 3, no. 3 Vol. 3, no. 2 Vol. 3, no. 1 Vol. 2, no. 4 Vol. 2, no. 3 Vol. 2, no. 2 Vol. 2, no. 1 Vol. 1, no. 4 Vol. 1, no. 3 Vol. 1, no. 2 Vol. 1, no. 1 <unk> Achary Turpin, a student at the University of Houston, talks about poet Walt Whitman at his home, Thursday, February 16, 2017, in Houston. Turpin recently discovered a previously unknown novella by Whitman. achary Turpin, a graduate student at the University of Houston, talks about poet Walt Whitman at home, Thursday, February 16, 2017, in Houston. Turpin recently discovered a previously unknown novella by Whitman. Previous Previous post: A “rollicking” anti-lawyer revenge fantasy by Walt Whitman, who challenges earlier held ideas about the American poet's transition from prose to poetry, has been found in the archives of a Victorian New York Sunday newspaper. Although the book was published anonymously, it matches a detailed synopsis in the poet's notebook for a project academics had thought abandoned. Walt Whitman revealed as the author of "Manly Health" guide Read more The Life and Adventures of Jack Engle, the book has just been published for free online by Walt Whitman Quarterly Review. Ed Folsom, editor of the magazine, announced the discovery unearthed in Whitman material held at the Library of Congress, said that the discovery would change everything previously known about the author's early writing career. “Now we see that fiction and poetry mingled in ways we never knew before,” he said. Zachary Turpin of the University of Houston discovered the novel in Manhattan-based Sunday Dispatch newspaper. It took place in New York City in 1852 and was written while the poet began work on his landmark epic poem Leaves of Grass, published three years later. Jack Engle is described by Turpin as “a funny, overturning, creative, twisted, bizarre little book”, and is a classic rag-to-rich orphan story about a corrupt lawyer, Mr. Covert, who tries to trick his department of Martha out of her legacy. Working for Covert, Jack sets out to save his fellow orphan and discovers in the process that his fate is tied to hers. In true Dickensian style, Whitman seems to make up old scores in the book: the author's father was also tricked by a New York lawyer. Facebook Twitter Pinterest The announcement of Whitman's novel Turpin found the 36,000-word novel as he plowed through the productive author's "odds and endings" in the integrated catalogue of Walt Whitman's literary manuscripts, an extensive list of the poet's surviving papers, writing signs, manuscript drafts, scraps and notebooks. Among scraps, a series of character names appeared: Covert, Jack Engle, Wigglesworth and Smytthe. Torn detective work led him to a small 1852 notice in the New York Daily Times (now the New York Times) advertising the serialization in Sunday Dispatch of an autobiography, The Life and Adventures of Jack Engle. “Something about that just seemed right,” the academic said. — The name Jack Engle. Year. The newspaper (which we know Whitman had contributed to earlier).” The clinch came when he matched the character names from Whitman’s notebook with those in the published story. “I couldn’t believe that, for a few minutes, I was the only person on Earth who knew about this book.” Facebook Twitter Pinterest The opening of The Life and Adventures of Jack Engle. Photo: Walt Whitman Quarterly Review The discovery is not only significant for its rarity. The extent of Whitman's prose fiction was previously unknown. The book reveals that he wrestled with a desire to find the right form to express his ideas. “The Whitman we see in Jack Engle is not yet the confident, committed poet we now take him to have always been,” Turpin explained. “It is during this important time that he experiments, tries in different genres and ways of writing, looking for one that is abundant and expansive enough to express what [Ralph Waldo] Emerson would call ‘the infinity of the private man’.” Folsom agreed with the novel revealed Whitman’s struggle with form and that it provides an exact time for his transition to poetry. In chapter 19, the plot comes to an abrupt end as Jack wanders through a cemetery and the plots of the buried merge into endless lost life stories. As he contemplates these lost plots, Jack feels the grass covering his own face. Folsom said: “I sense at this moment that Whitman discovers why conventional intrigues will no longer serve the type of writing he feels he must accomplish, and this novel thus allows us to experience the moment in Whitman’s development process when he realizes that fiction simply will not serve the kind of creative work he will devote the rest of his life to.” A revival in Whitman’s work may be in its place. The poet was praised for his originality, compassion, idealism and democratic patriotism and saw himself as a prophet for what the United States could become. — Whitman from the early 1850s is all lit up, Turpin said, who has form in finding unusual lost works by Whitman. Last year he discovered a book length guide to "male health" by the poet, who tackled everything from virility to foot care and exercise. Turpin added: “This new novel may also indicate that he did not give up the prose. God knows—he could have, and probably did, written several more novels, if not many more than that. As far as we know, they can hide in plain sight. Exciting, isn't it?
– En student från Houston som snokar runt i Library of Congress arkiv snubblade över en sedan länge förlorad roman från mitten av 1800-talet – och det är en upptäckt som redaktören för Walt Whitman Quarterly Review berättar att Houston Chronicle "kommer att förändra allt vi trodde att vi visste" om den amerikanska poesilegenden hans publikation är namngiven för. Engelsk doktorand Zachary Turpins fynd: Whitmans liv och äventyr av Jack Engle, ursprungligen erbjuden till läsarna 1852 som en sexdelad serie i New Yorks Sunday Dispatch. The New York Times beskriver det då-anonymt skrivna 36 000-ordsstycket som en "quasi-dickensisk berättelse" (som den noterar visar antydningar av Whitmans Leaves of Grass, utgiven 1855) om en föräldralös, med en bevy av övertygande karaktärer och "mer än några få osannolika intrigvridningar och jarrande berättarskiften." Turpin, som slog Whitman guld 2015 när han hittade en vilsen Whitman råd serie, berättade Times förra året att hans besatthet av att söka efter oattribuerade Whitman fungerar är "typ av en sjukdom jag har i off-times." Den här gången lät hans uppdrag honom bygga ett arkiv som innehöll diverse Whitman-anteckningar, utkast och andra diverse skivor, enligt Guardian. En uppsättning skrot innehöll en massa karaktärsnamn, inklusive "Jack Engle", och när Turpin kopplade in dessa namn i databaser av tidningar från Victorian-era, dök upp en liten Times annons för den kommande Engle serieuppsättningen att visas i Dispatch, som Whitman var känd för att ha skrivit för. "Jag kunde inte tro att jag under några minuter var den enda personen på jorden som kände till den här boken", säger Turpin. Läs berättelsen på Walt Whitman Quarterly Review. (Ett man-och-fru-lag identifierade en Whitmandikt 2014.)
“A student from Houston snooping around in the Library of Congress archives stumbled over a long-lost novel from the mid-19th century – and it is a discovery that the editor of Walt Whitman Quarterly Review tells us that the Houston Chronicle “will change everything we thought we knew” about the American poetry legend his publication is named for. English PhD student Zachary Turpin's findings: The Life and Adventure of Whitman by Jack Engle, originally offered to readers in 1852 as a six-part series in New York's Sunday Dispatch. The New York Times describes the then-anonymously written 36,000-word piece as a "quasi-dickensian story" (which it notes shows hints of Whitman's Leaves of Grass, published in 1855) about an orphan, with a view of compelling characters and "more than a few unlikely plot twists and jarring narrative shifts." Turpin, who beat Whitman gold in 2015 when he found a lost Whitman council series, told the Times last year that his obsession with searching for unattributed Whitman works is "type of a disease I have in off-times." This time his mission had him build an archive containing various Whitman notes, drafts and other assorted records, according to the Guardian. A set of scraps contained a lot of character names, including "Jack Engle", and when Turpin plugged these names into databases of newspapers from Victorian-era, a small Times advertisement appeared for the upcoming Engle comic set to appear in Dispatch, for which Whitman was known to have written. "I couldn't believe that for a few minutes I was the only person on Earth who knew about this book," Turpin says. Read the story at Walt Whitman Quarterly Review. (A man-and-wife team identified a Whitman poem in 2014.)