Field Marshal Jan Christiaan Smuts  (24 May 1870 - 11 September 1950) was a prominent South African and British Commonwealth statesman, military leader and philosopher. In addition to holding various cabinet posts, he served as prime minister of the Union of South Africa from 1919 until 1924 and from 1939 until 1948. Although Smuts had originally advocated racial segregation and opposed the enfranchisement of black Africans, his views changed and he backed the Fagan Commission's findings that complete segregation was impossible. Smuts subsequently lost the 1948 election to hard-line Afrikaners who created apartheid.

After nine years in opposition and academia, Smuts returned as deputy prime minister in a 'grand coalition' government under J. B. M. Hertzog. When Hertzog advocated neutrality towards Nazi Germany in 1939, the coalition split and Hertzog's motion to remain out of the war was defeated in Parliament by a vote of 80 to 67. Governor-General Sir Patrick Duncan refused Hertzog's request to dissolve parliament for a general election on the issue. Hertzog resigned and Duncan invited Smuts, Hertzog's coalition partner, to form a government and become prime minister for the second time in order to lead the country into World War II on the side of the Allies.  Smuts had served with Winston Churchill in World War I, and had developed a personal and professional rapport. Smuts was invited to the Imperial War Cabinet in 1939 as the most senior South African in favour of war. On 24 May 1941 Smuts was appointed a field marshal of the British Army,  Smuts' importance to the Imperial war effort was emphasised by a quite audacious plan, proposed as early as 1940, to appoint Smuts as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, should Churchill die or otherwise become incapacitated during the war. This idea was put forward by Sir John Colville, Churchill's private secretary, to Queen Mary and then to George VI, both of whom warmed to the idea.  In May 1945, he represented South Africa in San Francisco at the drafting of the United Nations Charter. Also in 1945, he was mentioned by Halvdan Koht among seven candidates that were qualified for the Nobel Prize in Peace. However, he did not explicitly nominate any of them. The person actually nominated was Cordell Hull. CANNOTANSWER

Ask a question about this article.
What was he nominated for?
Fältmarskalk Jan Christiaan Smuts (24 maj 1870 - 11 september 1950) var en framstående sydafrikansk och brittisk samväldesstatsman, militär ledare och filosof. Förutom att inneha olika kabinettsposter tjänstgjorde han som premiärminister i Union of South Africa från 1919 fram till 1924 och från 1939 fram till 1948. Även om Smuts ursprungligen hade förespråkat rassegregation och motsatt sig enfranchisement av svarta afrikaner, ändrade hans åsikter och han stödde Fagankommissionens konstateranden att fullständig segregation var omöjlig. Smuts förlorade därefter valet 1948 till hårdföra afrikaner som skapade apartheid. Efter nio år i opposition och akademi återvände Smuts som vice premiärminister i en "grand coalition"-regering under J. B M Hertzog. När Hertzog 1939 förespråkade neutralitet gentemot Nazityskland, slogs koalitionssplittringen och Hertzogs motion om att stå utanför kriget ned i parlamentet genom en omröstning med 80 mot 67. Generalguvernör Sir Patrick Duncan avslog Hertzogs begäran om att upplösa parlamentet för ett allmänt val i frågan. Hertzog avgick och Duncan bjöd in Smuts, Hertzogs koalitionspartner, att bilda regering och bli premiärminister för andra gången för att kunna leda landet in i andra världskriget på de allierades sida. Smuts hade tjänstgjort tillsammans med Winston Churchill i första världskriget, och hade utvecklat en personlig och professionell rapport. Smuts blev 1939 inbjuden till kejserliga krigskabinettet som den högste sydafrikanske till förmån för krig. Den 24 maj 1941 utnämndes Smuts till fältmarskalk i brittiska armén, Smuts betydelse för den kejserliga krigsinsatsen betonades genom en ganska djärv plan, som föreslogs redan 1940, att utse Smuts till Storbritanniens premiärminister, om Churchill skulle dö eller på annat sätt bli arbetsoförmögen under kriget. Denna idé framfördes av Sir John Colville, Churchills privatsekreterare, till drottning Mary och sedan till George VI, som båda värmde upp idén. I maj 1945 representerade han Sydafrika i San Francisco vid utarbetandet av Förenta nationernas stadga. Även 1945 omnämndes han av Halvdan Koht bland sju kandidater som kvalificerades till Nobelpriset i fred. Han nominerade dock inte uttryckligen någon av dem. Den person som faktiskt nominerades var Cordell Hull. CANNOTANSWER Ställ en fråga om den här artikeln.
Field Marshal Jan Christiaan Smuts (24 May 1870 - 11 September 1950) was a prominent South African and British Commonwealth statesman, military leader and philosopher. In addition to holding various cabinet posts, he served as Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa from 1919 until 1924 and from 1939 until 1948. Although Smuts had originally advocated racial segregation and opposed enfranchisement of black Africans, his views changed and he supported the Fagan Commission's findings that complete segregation was impossible. Smuts subsequently lost the 1948 election to hard-line Africans who created apartheid. After nine years in opposition and academy, Smuts returned as deputy prime minister in a "grand coalition" government under J. B M Hertzog. When Hertzog advocated neutrality towards Nazi Germany in 1939, the coalition split and Hertzog's motion to stand outside the war were struck down in parliament by a vote of 80 to 67. Governor-General Sir Patrick Duncan rejected Hertzog's request to dissolve Parliament for a general election on the issue. Hertzog resigned and Duncan invited Smuts, Hertzog's coalition partner, to form a government and become Prime Minister for the second time in order to lead the country into World War II on the side of the Allies. Smuts had served with Winston Churchill in World War I, and had developed a personal and professional report. Smuts was invited to the Imperial War Cabinet in 1939 as the highest South African in favor of war. On 24 May 1941, Smuts was appointed Field Marshal of the British Army, Smut's importance to the imperial war effort was emphasized by a rather bold plan, proposed back in 1940, to appoint Smuts as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, whether Churchill should die or otherwise become incapacitated during the war. This idea was presented by Sir John Colville, Churchill's private secretary, to Queen Mary and then to George VI, both of whom warmed up the idea. In May 1945, he represented South Africa in San Francisco when drafting the United Nations Charter. Also in 1945, he was mentioned by Halfdan Koht among seven candidates qualified for the Nobel Prize in peace. However, he did not explicitly nominate any of them. The person actually nominated was Cordell Hull. CANNOTANSWER Ask a question about this article.
Vad nominerades han till?
What was he nominated for?