Nnuhwam​—Akyɛde a Ɛsom Bo a Tete no na Wɔde Ma Ɔhene\nKENKAN WƆ Afrikaans Albanian Amharic Arabic Armenian Aymara Bulgarian Catalan Cebuano Chichewa Chinese Mandarin (Simplified) Chinese Mandarin (Traditional) Chitonga Chitumbuka Cibemba Croatian Czech Danish Dutch Efik English Estonian Ewe Finnish French Ga Georgian German Greek Guarani Haitian Creole Hebrew Hiligaynon Hungarian Igbo Iloko Indonesian Italian Japanese Kazakh Kikamba Kikaonde Kikuyu Kimbundu Kinyarwanda Kirghiz Kirundi Kongo Korean Lingala Lithuanian Luganda Luo Luvale Macedonian Malagasy Maltese Maya Myanmar Nepali Ngabere Norwegian Nyaneka Nzema Ossetian Otetela Papiamento (Aruba) Papiamento (Curaçao) Persian Polish Portuguese Quechua (Bolivia) Romanian Russian Sango Sepedi Serbian Serbian (Roman) Sesotho (Lesotho) Shona Silozi Sinhala Slovak Slovenian Spanish Sranantongo Swahili Swahili (Congo) Swedish Tagalog Tatar Thai Tigrinya Tok Pisin Totonac Tshiluba Tsonga Tswana Turkish Tuvaluan Twi Tzotzil Ukrainian Umbundu Vietnamese Xhosa Yoruba Zapotec (Isthmus) Zulu\n‘Nsoromma mu ahwɛfoɔ firi apueeɛ fam baeɛ, na wɔbuebuee wɔn ademudeɛ so kyɛɛ no nneɛma; sika ne ɛhyɛ ne kurobo.’—Mateo 2:1, 11.\nFA NO sɛ wopɛ sɛ wokyɛ onipa titiriw bi ade, dɛn paa na anka wode bɛkyɛ no? Bere a na wɔrekyerɛw Bible no, na nnuhwam bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsom bo paa te sɛ sika kɔkɔɔ. Enti sɛ wɔpɛ sɛ wɔkyɛ ɔhene bi ade a, na wɔtumi de saa nnuhwam no bi kyɛ no. * Ɛno nti, nneɛma mmienu a nsoromma mu ahwɛfo no de kɔkyɛɛ “Yudafoɔ hene no,” na ɛyɛ nnuhwam.—Mateo 2:1, 2, 11.\nBible san ka sɛ bere bi, Saba hemmaa kɔsraa Solomon, na “ɔmaa ɔhene sika dwetikɛseɛ ɔha aduonu, ne balsam ngo pii pa, ne aboɔden aboɔ. Balsam ngo a Saba hemmaa de maa Ɔhene Solomon no dodoɔ nni ano.” * (2 Berɛsosɛm 9:9) Ahemfo nso de balsam ngo kɔyɛɛ Solomon adɔe.—2 Berɛsosɛm 9:23, 24.\nAdɛn nti na tete no, na saa nnuhwam no ne nneɛma a wɔnya fi mu no som bo na ne bo yɛ den saa? Efisɛ, na wɔde yɛ nneɛma titiriw pii. Ná wɔtumi de siesie wɔn ho, wɔde yɛ ɔsom mu amanne, na na wɔde siesie funu ansa na wɔakɔsie. (Hwɛ adaka a wɔato din “ Nneɛma a Tete no na Wɔde Nnuhwam Yɛ.”) Sɛ yɛde sɛnea na nkurɔfo ani gye ho paa na wɔde yɛ nneɛma pii no to nkyɛn a, ade baako nso a na ɛma ne bo yɛ den ne sɛ, na wɔnya fi akyirikyiri.\nNÁ WƆDE TWA KWAN FA ARABIA\nBere a na wɔrekyerɛw Bible no, nnuhwam no bi wɔ hɔ a na efifi wɔ Yordan Subon mu. Ebi nso wɔ hɔ a na wɔkra fi amannɔne. Wɔka nneɛma a na wɔde yɛ nnuhwam no bebree ho asɛm wɔ Bible mu. Nea na wɔtaa de yɛ paa no bi ne safron, pɛprɛ, balsam, anoatre anaa sinamon, ɛhyɛ, ne kurobo. Weinom nyinaa da nkyɛn a, na wɔtaa de emu bi te sɛ kumin anaa tetɛ, ɛme, ne nunum nso yɛ aduane.\nƐhefa na na wɔnya nnuhwam yi fi? Ná wɔnya nnuhwam bi te sɛ pɛprɛ, kasia, ne anoatre anaa sinamon fi baabi a seesei wɔfrɛ no China, India, ne Sri Lanka no. Nnuhwam bi te sɛ kurobo ne ɛhyɛ nso, na ne nnua no fifi wɔ Arabia anafo fam kɔsi Somalia a ɛwɔ Afrika no. Nardo nso, India nko ara na na ɛwɔ; na wɔnya fi baabi a mmepɔw atenten a wɔfrɛ no Himalaya wɔ no.\nArabia na na wɔde nnuhwam dodow no ara fa ansa na adu Israel. Ne saa nti, nwoma bi a ɛka nnuhwam ho asɛm kyerɛ sɛ bɛyɛ mfe 2,100 ne mfe 2,200 a atwam ntam hɔ baabi no, Arabiafo “nko ara na na wɔdi nnuhwam ho gua wɔ Apuei ne Atɔe.” (The Book of Spices) Tete nkurow, abankɛse, ne mmeae a akwantufo gye wɔn ahome wɔ Negev a ɛwɔ Israel anafo fam no ma yɛhunu kwan a na wɔn a wɔdi nnuhwam ho gua no fa so. Amanaman Nkabom Kuo asoe bi kyerɛ sɛ, saa mmeae yi nso “ma yɛhunu mfaso bum a na wɔn a wɔdi gua . . . fi Arabia anafo kɔ Mediterranea no nya.”—World Heritage Centre of UNESCO.\n“Esiane sɛ na nkurɔfo hia aduhwam bere nyinaa, na wɔtɔn ketewaa bi gye sika pii nti, na nkurɔfo di ho gua paa.”—The Book of Spices\nNá aguadifo dodow bi taa hyehyɛ nnuhwam pii twa kwan fa Arabia, na na wɔtumi twa kwan bɛyɛ kilomita 1,800 ansa na wɔadu baabi a wɔrekɔ. (Hiob 6:19) Bible ka Ismaelfo aguadifo bi a na wɔde nnuhwam bi te sɛ “labdanum ne balsam aduhwam ne akyenkyennuro” fi Gilead rekɔ Egypt ho asɛm. (Genesis 37:25) Saa aguadifo yi na Yakob mmabarima tɔn wɔn nua Yosef maa wɔn no.\n“AGUADI MU AHINTASƐM A ƐSO BI MMAE DA”\nArabiafo na na wɔdi nnuhwam ho gua kɛse paa, na wɔyɛɛ saa mfe pii. Wɔn nko ara na na wɔtɔn nnuhwam bi te sɛ kasia ne sinamon a efi Asia no. Ná Arabiafo no mpɛ sɛ aman a ɛwɔ Mediterranea no tɔ nnuhwam fi aman a ɛwɔ Apuei fam no hɔ tẽẽ, enti Arabiafo no bɔɔ wɔn srɛ mu kaa nsɛm huhuuhu bi faa ɔkwan a wɔfa so nya nnuhwam no ho. Nwoma bi a ɛka nnuhwam ho asɛm kyerɛ sɛ ɛbɛtumi aba sɛ baabi a na wɔnya nnuhwam fi ankasa no “bɛyɛɛ aguadi mu ahintasɛm a ɛso bi mmae da.”—The Book of Spices.\nAsɛm bɛn na Arabiafo no kae? Greece abakɔsɛm kyerɛwfo Herodotus a ɔtenaa ase bɛyɛ mfe 2,500 a atwam ni no kaa nea Arabiafo bɔɔ wɔn srɛ mu kae no bi ho asɛm. Ɔkyerɛ sɛ, Arabiafo no kaa sɛ nnomaa bi a wɔn ho yɛ hu na na wɔde sinamon abona yɛ buo wɔ bepɔw tententen bi so. Esiane sɛ na ɛyɛ den sɛ obi bɛkɔ hɔ nti, sɛ wɔbɛtumi anya aduhwam a ɛsom bo yi bi a, gye sɛ wɔde namkum akɛse kɔtoto bepɔw no ase. Nnomaa no hu saa a, wɔbɛfom nam no pii kɔgu wɔn buo mu, na ɛma ebuo no mu yɛ du na ɛte bɛhwe fam. Afei wɔn a wɔrekɔpɛ aduhwam no de ahoɔhare sesa sinamon abona no kɔtɔn ma aguadifo. Saa nsɛm no trɛw kɔɔ akyiri paa. Enti, wɔkyerɛ sɛ esiane sɛ na sinamon “nya nna fam nti, na wɔtɔn no aboɔden paa.”—The Book of Spices.\nAkyiri yi, nkurɔfo bɛhunuu sɛ, sɛɛ na atosɛm na Arabiafo no reka, enti efi hɔ no aman foforo nso de wɔn ho bɛhyɛɛ nnuhwam aguadi no mu. Bɛyɛ mfe 2,100 a atwam ni no, po so hyɛn gyinabea a ɛwɔ Egypt kuro bi a wɔfrɛ no Alexandria no bɛyɛɛ hyɛn gyinabea kɛse a wɔdi nnuhwam ho gua paa. Edu bere bi a, mframa soronko bi bɔ wɔ India Po no so, enti na Romafo no de wɔn ahyɛn fa po no so fi Egypt kɔ India saa bere no. Ɛno nti ewiee ase no, nnuhwam a ɛsom bo no bɛbuu so ara maa ɛyɛɛ fo.\nƐnnɛ, wɔmmu nnuhwam sɛ ɛsom bo te sɛ sika kɔkɔɔ bio sɛnea na wɔbu no tete no. Na ɛbɛyɛ den paa sɛ obi bɛbu nnuhwam sɛ biribi a ɛsom bo a wɔde kyɛ ɔhene. Nanso nnipa ɔpepem pii da so ara de nnuhwam yɛ nneɛma pii wɔ wiase. Wɔtumi de bi yɛ sradehwam, nnuru, ne nea ɛkeka ho. Ɛba aduannua mu nso a, nkurɔfo nkɔ nnya koraa. Ne hwa nti, nnipa pii na nnɛ wɔde yɛ nneɛma ahorow sɛnea na ɛte wɔ tete mmere mu no.\nAnoatre anaa sinamon\n^ nky. 3 Bible mu no, asɛmfua a wɔkyerɛɛ ase “aduhwam” anaa “nnuhwam” no, na wɔtaa de gyina hɔ ma nneɛma a ɛyɛ hwam, na ɛyɛ soronko wɔ nea yɛde gu aduane mu ma ɛyɛ dɛ, anaa etu hwa no ho.\n^ nky. 4 Wɔka “balsam ngo” a, ɛkyerɛ sradehwam anaa aneneduru a wɔnya fi nnua akɛse ne nketewa anaa nhwiren mu.\nNneɛma a Tete no na Wɔde Nnuhwam Yɛ\nƆsra ngo ne aduhwam kronkron. Yehowa kyerɛɛ Mose sɛnea ɔnyɛ ɔsra ngo, anaa sradehwam, ne nnuhwam kronkron no. Nnuhwam ahorow nnan na na wɔde yɛ ɔsra ngo ne aduhwam kronkron no. (Exodus 30:22-25, 34-38) Ná asɔfo no bi nim ɔsra ngo yɛ paa, na na wɔhwɛ kyekyɛ ma wɔde yɛ adwuma.—Numeri 4:16; 1 Berɛsosɛm 9:30.\nAduhwam ne sradehwam. Ná wɔn a wɔbɛtumi no tɔ nnuhwam a wɔayɛ no esiam no bi de gugu wɔn afie, wɔn ntade mu, wɔn mpa so, ne wɔn ho. (Ester 2:12; Mmebusɛm 7:17; Nnwom mu Dwom 3:6, 7; 4:13, 14) Lasaro nuabaa Maria hwiee ‘ngo hwamhwam, nardo ngohwam amapa’ a ne bo yɛ den guu Yesu tiri mu ne ne nan ase. Ná “nardo ngohwam amapa” toa ketewa bo bɛyɛ sɛ afe akatua.—Marko 14:3-5; Yohane 12:3-5.\nNá wɔde bi siesie funu ansa na wɔakɔsie. Nikodemo de “kurobo ne pɛprɛ mfrafraeɛ” baa sɛ wɔmfa nsiesie Yesu amu no ansa na wɔde akɔ amusiei. (Yohane 19:39, 40) Yesu asuafo no bi yɛɛ “aduhwam ne ngo hwamhwam,” na wɔde kɔɔ ɛda no so.—Luka 23:56–24:1.\nWɔde gu aduane mu. Ɛbɛyɛ sɛ na Israelfo no de nnuhwam nso gu nam ho ma ɛyɛ dɛ. Afei nso, nnuhwam no bi wɔ hɔ a na wɔde fra nsa.—Nnwom mu Dwom 8:2.\nSɛnea Nnuhwam Mmienu a Wɔde Kɔkyɛɛ Yesu no Te\nWɔnya ɛhyɛ ne kurobo nyinaa fi nnua nketewa anaa nhwiren a ɛho yɛ nkasɛɛ nkasɛɛ bi mu. Wɔtwitwa dua no ho ma nsu fi mu ba, na wɔtwɛn ma emu nsu no da yɛ twintwann te sɛ kyengɔn.\nNá ɛhyɛ dua no fifi wɔ Arabia anafo fam mpoano. Kurobo dua no nso, na efifi wɔ baabi a ɛnnɛ wɔfrɛ hɔ Somalia ne Yemen a ɛhɔ reyɛ ayɛ anhweatam no. Ɛhyɛ ne kurobo hwa nti, na ɛsom bo ma nkurɔfo paa. Yehowa ankasa paw saa nnuhwam mmienu yi sɛ wɔmfa nni dwuma wɔ ne som mu. Ná wɔde kurobo fra ɔsra ngo kronkron no, ɛnna wɔde ɛhyɛ nso fra aduhwam kronkron no. (Exodus 30:23-25, 34-37) Nanso na ɛsono nea wɔde emu biara yɛ.\nSɛ wɔbɛte ɛhyɛ no hwa a, gye sɛ wɔahye ansa. Kurobo no deɛ, na wɔde yɛ adwuma tẽẽ. Bible bɔɔ kurobo din mprɛnsa de kaa Yesu ho asɛm: wɔbɛkyɛɛ no bi wɔ ne nkwadaaberem (Mateo 2:11), bere a wɔbɔɔ no asɛndua mu no, wɔmaa no nsa a wɔahyɛ no kurobo sɛ ɔnnom mfa nnwudwo ne yaw ano (Marko 15:23), na owui no nso, wɔde kurobo fraa aduhwam a wɔde siesiee no no mu ansa na wɔrekɔsie no (Yohane 19:39).