what was jackie robinson 's number in baseball
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In 2021, a bronze statue of Jackie Robinson, created by John Parsons, was installed in Wichita, Kansas by League 42, a youth baseball league, in McAdams Park. In January 2024, the statue was stolen, cut off from its ankles by a group of vandals. It was found dismantled and burnt a few days later. History League 42, a non-profit organization which promotes youth baseball for children in Wichita and was named after Jackie Robinson's jersey number, raised $50,000 for a life-sized statue of Robinson in McAdams Park where their baseball field was located. The statue was dedicated in 2021 in honor of Robinson, the first African-American player to break the color line in Major League Baseball. Robinson first played professional baseball for the Kansas City Monarchs of the Negro leagues, who played in Kansas City, Kansas, prior to his historic signing with the Brooklyn Dodgers. Theft and destruction According to the Wichita police, the statue went missing during the morning hours of January 25, 2024. The statue was cut from its ankles, with only the statue's base and Robinson's cleats remaining. Surveillance video, released the following day, showed multiple people hauling the sculpture away in the dark. Joe Sullivan, the chief of police in Wichita stated in a press conference: Five days after the statue was stolen, its remains were found burning in a trash can. Bob Lutz, head of League 42, said afterwards that they would try to either salvage the statue or replace it with a new one. A week after the theft occurred, on what would have been Robinson's 105th birthday, all 30 Major League Baseball teams announced that they would help replace the vandalized statue; the artwork would be recast using the initial mold with completion planned for summer 2024. MLB also announced they would provide funding for League 42's youth baseball program, to help it achieve its academic and on-field goals. On February 12, 2014, police arrested 45-year-old Ricky Alderete in connection with the theft. They said there was no evidence it was a "hate-motivated crime" and that intent was to sell the metal, which was 95% copper, for scrap. The police chief said it was "only the first arrest". The following month, it was announced that the bronze cleats left behind by the vandals would to be donated to the Negro Leagues Baseball Museum. References 2021 establishments in Kansas 2021 sculptures Bronze sculptures in Kansas Cultural depictions of Jackie Robinson Culture of Wichita, Kansas Monuments and memorials in Kansas Outdoor sculptures in Kansas Sculptures of African Americans Statues in Kansas Robinson, Wichita Vandalized works of art in the United States
Statue of Jackie Robinson (Wichita, Kansas)
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Jackie Robinson Day is a traditional event which occurs annually on April 15 in Major League Baseball (MLB), commemorating and honoring the day Jackie Robinson made his major league debut. Celebrated at MLB ballparks, on that one day, all players, coaches, and managers on both teams, and the umpires, wear Robinson's uniform number, 42. April 15 was Opening Day in , Robinson's first season in the major leagues. Initiated for the first time on April 15, 2004, the festivity is a result of Robinson's memorable career, best known for becoming the first black major league baseball player of the modern era in 1947. His debut with the Brooklyn Dodgers (today's Los Angeles Dodgers) ended approximately 80 years of baseball segregation, also known as the baseball color line, or color barrier. Robinson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962. Shea Stadium was one of the prominent venues hosting the event, having commemorated the retirement of Robinson's number 42 jersey in . Bob DuPuy, the president and chief operating officer of Major League Baseball, described Jackie Robinson Day as a significance "not only for baseball, but for our country in general." Jackie Robinson Baseball players of Black African descent were excluded from Major League Baseball (MLB) until 1947. On April 15, 1947, Jackie Robinson made his major league debut for the Brooklyn Dodgers at Ebbets Field before a crowd of 26,623 spectators, more than 14,000 of whom were black. By the late 1950s, the percentage of black players on Major League teams matched or exceeded that of the general population. After baseball, Robinson became heavily involved working for the NAACP, campaigning for civil rights. Robinson worked with President Richard Nixon and the Governor of New York, Nelson Rockefeller. In 1997, MLB retired his uniform number, 42, across all major league teams; he was the first pro athlete in any sport to be so honored. Observance 2004 In March 2004, Baseball Commissioner Bud Selig announced that Major League Baseball would honor Robinson on April 15 as "Jackie Robinson Day". He made the announcement with Sharon Robinson, the daughter of Jackie Robinson. The first Jackie Robinson Day was on April 15, 2004. That day was a start to an annual tradition throughout Major League Baseball and an inspirational reminder about what happened on that day exactly 57 years earlier when Jackie Robinson became a Major League Baseball player. The day would be the first official league-wide Jackie Robinson Day, having festivities taking place at all 13 ballparks where Major League games were scheduled to be played. "I have often stated that baseball's proudest moment and its most powerful social statement came on April 15, 1947 when Jackie Robinson first set foot on a Major League Baseball field", said Selig. "On that day, Jackie brought down the color barrier and ushered in the era in which baseball became the true national pastime. Fifty years after that historic event, in April 1997, I was proud to join Rachel Robinson and President Bill Clinton
Jackie Robinson Day
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Raymond Richard Lamb (born December 28, 1944) is a former pitcher in Major League Baseball for two teams, and a highly regarded commercial sculptor of fantasy miniature figurines. Major league pitcher During college, Ray Lamb was a pitcher for the University of Southern California Trojans, where he wore the number 42. A 40th round pick of the Los Angeles Dodgers in 1966, Lamb played for three seasons in the minor leagues before he was called up to the major leagues. He joined the Dodgers on August 1, 1969, and was given jersey number 42, the number he had worn in college, but also the number that Jackie Robinson had worn as a Brooklyn Dodger. No other Dodger in either Brooklyn or Los Angeles had worn that number since Robinson had retired in 1957. Lamb wore the jersey for the rest of the season, and pitched very well: in 15 innings of work, he struck out 11, with a 1.80 ERA, earning one loss and one save. The jersey with number 42 was taken from him at the end of the season — the Dodgers were planning to retire Jackie Robinson's number — and at the start of the 1970 season, he was given number 34. Wearing his new number, he never quite regained the magic of his first two months, finishing the 1970 season with a 6-1 record and a 3.79 ERA. At the end of the 1970 season, Lamb was traded to the Cleveland Indians, and pitched there from 1971-1973, earning a 14-21 record, before a shoulder injury ended his career. In 1980, Fernando Valenzuela started pitching for the LA Dodgers, and was given Lamb's second number, 34. At the end of Valenzuela's career, the Dodgers retired his number, making Lamb not only the last Dodger to wear Jackie Robinson's number 42, but also the only Dodger player to have worn two numbers that were subsequently retired. Commercial sculptor After his baseball career ended, Lamb became a sculptor of miniature lead military figures. By 1980, Lamb was working for Perth Pewter, a subsidiary of Superior Models, sculpting a highly regarded line of 25 mm fantasy miniatures called Wizards and Lizards for the burgeoning fantasy role-playing game market. Reviewers gave his works high praise, using phrases like "excellent detail", "amazingly lifelike", "high quality", "expertly inscribed", "a great degree of deeply etched detail", "excellent pieces", and "truly gorgeous". One writer called Lamb "one of the world's greatest miniature sculptors." References External links 1944 births Living people Major League Baseball pitchers Los Angeles Dodgers players Cleveland Indians players USC Trojans baseball players Baseball players from Glendale, California Tri-City Atoms players Arizona Instructional League Dodgers players Albuquerque Dodgers players Spokane Indians players Sculptors from California
Ray Lamb
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Jackie Robinson Stadium is a college baseball park in Los Angeles, California. It is the home field of the UCLA Bruins of the Pac-12 Conference. Opened in 1981, it is the smallest ballpark in the conference, with a seating capacity of 1,820. It is named after former Bruin athlete Jackie Robinson, the first African-American major league baseball player of the modern era. Robinson (1919–1972) attended UCLA from 1939 to 1941, after graduating from Pasadena Junior College. He was the first UCLA athlete to earn varsity letters in four sports: baseball, basketball, football, and track. He played in the major leagues for ten seasons (1947–56), all with the Brooklyn Dodgers. A statue and a mural of Robinson can be found at the entrance concourse of the stadium. The venue is located about southwest of campus, just west of the San Diego Freeway (Interstate 405), on the grounds of the West Los Angeles VA Medical Center. Robinson's classmate, Hoyt Pardee (UCLA '41), gave a gift to help with its construction. The stadium's "Steele Field" was dedicated in honor of the Steele Foundation on May 3, 2008, prior to a game against Arizona State, for its support of the stadium. The hitting facility at the stadium is named Jack and Rhodine Gifford Hitting Facility. Gifford played baseball at UCLA and graduated from its engineering school with a BSEE degree. He was a founder of Advanced Micro Devices and Maxim Integrated Products. In 2010, a capacity crowd of 2,613 saw the Bruins defeat the defending national champion LSU Tigers 6–3 at the Los Angeles Regional of the NCAA tournament on June 5. That season, the Bruins ranked 48th among Division I baseball programs in attendance, averaging 1,178 per home game. The ballpark's record attendance of 2,914 was set in 1997, against rival USC on March 23. The diamond is aligned nearly true north (north by east, home plate to center field) at an approximate elevation of above sea level. The stadium is not to be confused with the Jackie Robinson Memorial Field (dedicated on January 30, 1988) at Brookside Park in Pasadena, next to the Rose Bowl, where UCLA plays its home football games. Court case On August 30, 2013, a federal judge ruled that the United States Department of Veterans Affairs misused the West Los Angeles VA Medical Center campus where the stadium is located for a variety of uses, including the stadium, but stopped short of ordering the tenants off the property. However, the judge's ruling left open the possibility that, if not modified or reversed, UCLA could lose the right to use the stadium. Notable events January 26, 2013 – The presentation of the new LED video board which was donated by the Gifford Foundation, one of the largest video displays in the Pac-12 Conference. April 14, 2013 – Jackie Robinson Day was held to unveil a new mural of Robinson by Mike Sullivan and to celebrate the release of the movie 42, the True Story of an American Legend on
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The 1997 Major League Baseball season was the inaugural season for Interleague play, as well as the final season in the American League for the Milwaukee Brewers before moving to the NL the following season. The California Angels changed their name to the Anaheim Angels. The Florida Marlins ended the season (their fifth season in the majors) as the World Champions defeating the Cleveland Indians in a seven-game World Series, four games to three. Standings American League National League Postseason Bracket Awards and honors Baseball Hall of Fame Nellie Fox Tommy Lasorda Phil Niekro Willie Wells Other awards Outstanding Designated Hitter Award: Edgar Martínez (SEA) Roberto Clemente Award (Humanitarian): Eric Davis (BAL). Rolaids Relief Man Award: Randy Myers (BAL, American); Jeff Shaw (CIN, National). Player of the Month Pitcher of the Month MLB statistical leaders 1 American League Triple Crown Pitching Winner Managers American League National League Home field attendance and payroll Television coverage This was the second season under the five-year rights agreements with ESPN, Fox, and NBC. ESPN continued to air Sunday Night Baseball and Wednesday Night Baseball. In addition to Fox Saturday Baseball broadcasts, Fox's coverage extended to Thursday night games on sister network Fox Sports Net, and selected Monday and Tuesday primetime games on sister network FX. Fox also aired the All-Star Game. During the postseason, ESPN, Fox, and NBC split the four Division Series. Fox then televised the American League Championship Series while NBC aired both the National League Championship Series and the World Series. Events January–March January 5 – Boston Red Sox pitcher Tim Wakefield escapes serious injury when he is hit by a car while out jogging. He is released from the hospital after being treated for bruises. January 6 – Knuckleballer Phil Niekro is elected to the Hall of Fame by the Baseball Writers' Association of America. Niekro receives 80.34% of the vote. Pitcher Don Sutton falls nine votes short of election. February 20 – The Philadelphia Phillies sign free agent outfielder Danny Tartabull. Tartabull broke his foot on Opening Day and sat out the year before retiring. March 5 – Nellie Fox, Tommy Lasorda and Negro leaguer Willie Wells are elected to the Hall of Fame by the Veterans Committee. April–May April 15 – In an unprecedented move, Commissioner of Baseball Bud Selig announces on the 50th Anniversary of Jackie Robinson's debut that the number he wore with the Brooklyn Dodgers, number 42, would be unilaterally retired throughout all of Major League Baseball during a mid-game ceremony in a game between the Dodgers and the New York Mets at Shea Stadium. Rachael Robinson, Jackie's widow and President Bill Clinton attended the event as well. The number would be worn by players during the anniversary of his major league debut, and would still be worn by players who started wearing the number before the announcement, most famously the New York Yankees' Mariano Rivera, until he retired after the 2013 season, thus officially retiring number 42, as he was the last player to
1997 Major League Baseball season
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42 may refer to: 42 (number) The years 42 BC and AD 42 Arts, entertainment, and media 42 (dominoes), a game 42 (film), a 2013 biopic about American baseball player Jackie Robinson 42, a 2021 album by Sech 42, the Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything, from Douglas Adams' series The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. Named after or in honor of this: "42" (Doctor Who), a 2007 television episode "42" (2001), the final episode of the television series Buzz Lightyear of Star Command "42" (song), a 2008 song by Coldplay 42, the 2012 debut album of Cthulhu Rise 42: The Wildly Improbable Ideas of Douglas Adams, 2023 book by Kevin Jon Davies 42 Entertainment, an alternate reality games company founded in 2003 "42", a song by Mumford & Sons from Delta, 2018 "Forty Two", a song by Karma to Burn from the album Appalachian Incantation, 2010 Other uses 42 (school), a French computer programming school The 42 (Kolkata), a residential skyscraper in India Tower 42 a skyscraper in London, England 42.zip, a zip bomb 42, Jackie Robinson’s jersey number, since retired by all of Major League Baseball 42, the atomic number of Molybdenum 42 Isis, a main-belt asteroid See also 42V, a former project to convert motor vehicle electrical power to 42 volts
42
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The UCLA Bruins baseball team is the varsity college baseball team of the University of California, Los Angeles. Having started playing in 1920, the program is a member of the NCAA Division I Pac-12 Conference. It plays its home games at Jackie Robinson Stadium. The program has appeared in five College World Series and won the 2013 National Championship. History 1969 season Chris Chambliss led the Bruins to the 1969 CWS, UCLA's first. The team defeated Santa Clara at the NCAA Regional and finished in 7th place, after losing to Tulsa, 6–5 in 10 innings, and to Arizona State, 2–1 in 12 innings. Chambliss, who went on to play for Major League Baseball's Cleveland Indians, New York Yankees, and Atlanta Braves between 1971 and 1986, had a team-high .340 batting average and 15 home runs. Other members of the team included Bill Bonham, Mike Reinbach, and Jim York. 1997 season The 1997 team won the Pac-10 title with a 43–18 record (21–9 Pac-10) and reached in the CWS. The team was led by head coach Gary Adams and included future Major League Baseball players Troy Glaus, Jim Parque, and Eric Byrnes. Jon Heinrichs, Tom Jacquez, Eric Valent, and Peter Zamora also played on the team. During the season, UCLA held a number one ranking, and the team finished the season ranked sixth. At the NCAA tournament Midwest Regional in Stillwater, Oklahoma, the Bruins lost the first game to Harvard, but won the next four games, against Ohio, Tennessee, Harvard, and Oklahoma State, in order to advance to the College World Series. At the College World Series, UCLA struggled with poor pitching and defense and lost its first game to Miami, 7–3 (12 innings), and was eliminated by Mississippi State, 7–5, in their second game. 2010 season The Bruins finished the 2010 season with a 43–13 record and were selected to host the Los Angeles Regional of the 2010 NCAA tournament at Jackie Robinson Stadium. The team won the regional by defeating its other three teams, UC Irvine (39–17), Kent State (39–23), and defending national champions LSU (40–20). The Bruins advanced to the Super Regional round, in which they defeated Cal State Fullerton. The team became UCLA's first to win a College World Series game, defeating Florida in the first game, 11–3. The Bruins then defeated TCU twice to advance to the National Championship Series. The Bruins lost both games to South Carolina in the CWS Championship Series to finish as national runners-up. The team was ranked No. 1 in an April Baseball America poll. Cody Regis, Beau Amaral, and Trevor Bauer were named to the All-College World Series Team. Rob Rasmussen was among ten players from the 2010 team that were selected in the 2010 MLB Draft. 2012 season With a 42–14 record, the Bruins hosted the Los Angeles Regional of the NCAA tournament at Jackie Robinsion Stadium and defeated Creighton and New Mexico to advance to the Super Regional. The Bruins then defeated TCU to advance to the College
UCLA Bruins baseball
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Jack Roosevelt Robinson (January 31, 1919 – October 24, 1972) was an American professional baseball player who became the first African American to play in Major League Baseball (MLB) in the modern era. Robinson broke the color line when he started at first base for the Brooklyn Dodgers on April 15, 1947. The Dodgers signing Robinson heralded the end of racial segregation in professional baseball that had relegated black players to the Negro leagues since the 1880s. Robinson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962. Born in Cairo, Georgia, Robinson was raised in Pasadena, California. A four-sport student athlete at Pasadena Junior College and the University of California, Los Angeles, he was better known for football than he was for baseball, becoming a star college player with the UCLA Bruins football team. Following his college career, Robinson was drafted for service during World War II but was court martialed for refusing to sit at the back of a segregated Army bus, eventually being honorably discharged. Afterwards, he signed with the Kansas City Monarchs of the Negro leagues from where he caught the eye of Branch Rickey, general manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers, who thought he would be the perfect candidate for breaking the color line in Major League Baseball. During his 10-year MLB career, Robinson won the inaugural Rookie of the Year Award in 1947, was an All-Star for six consecutive seasons from 1949 through 1954, and won the National League (NL) Most Valuable Player Award in 1949—the first black player so honored. Robinson played in six World Series and contributed to the Dodgers' 1955 World Series championship. In 1997, Major League Baseball retired his uniform No. 42 across all major league teams; he was the first professional athlete in any sport to be so honored. MLB also adopted a new annual tradition, "Jackie Robinson Day", for the first time on April 15, 2004, on which every player on every team wears No. 42. Robinson's character, his use of nonviolence, and his talent challenged the traditional basis of segregation that had then marked many other aspects of American life. He influenced the culture of and contributed significantly to the civil rights movement. Robinson also was the first black television analyst in MLB and the first black vice president of a major American corporation, Chock full o'Nuts. In the 1960s, he helped establish the Freedom National Bank, an African-American-owned financial institution based in Harlem, New York. After his death in 1972, Robinson was posthumously awarded the Congressional Gold Medal and Presidential Medal of Freedom in recognition of his achievements on and off the field. Early life Family and personal life Jack Roosevelt Robinson was born on January 31, 1919, into a family of sharecroppers in Cairo, Georgia. He was the youngest of five children born to Mallie (née McGriff) and Jerry Robinson, after siblings Edgar, Frank, Matthew (nicknamed "Mack"), and Willa Mae. His middle name honored former President Theodore Roosevelt, who died 25 days before Robinson was born.
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Marc Richard Sagmoen (born April 16, 1971) is an American former professional baseball outfielder. He was drafted by the Texas Rangers in the 13th round of the 1993 Major League Baseball Draft and signed on June 8, 1993. After retiring from baseball, Sagmoen became a police officer in Seattle. Inside-the-park home run Sagmoen is one of the few players to record his first Major League base hit as an inside-the-park home run. It would also be the only home run he hit. This came on April 17, 1997, at Kauffman Stadium against the Kansas City Royals in the top of the 5th inning versus Tim Belcher. The Rangers won the game 5 to 1. Jersey number Sagmoen made his Major League debut on April 15, 1997, wearing the #42 that he had been assigned by Rangers management. On that same day Major League Baseball retired the number league-wide in tribute to Jackie Robinson, commemorating the 50th anniversary of Robinson breaking the color barrier in 1947. Therefore Sagmoen became the last player to make his debut in the number. External links , or Retrosheet 1971 births Living people All-American college baseball players American expatriate baseball players in Canada Charleston Rainbows players Charlotte Rangers players Edmonton Trappers players Erie Sailors players Major League Baseball outfielders Navegantes del Magallanes players American expatriate baseball players in Venezuela Nebraska Cornhuskers baseball players New Orleans Zephyrs players Oklahoma City 89ers players Oklahoma RedHawks players Baseball players from Seattle Texas Rangers players Tulsa Drillers players
Marc Sagmoen
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Emil John "Dutch" Leonard (March 25, 1909 – April 17, 1983) was an American professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a right-handed knuckleball pitcher for the Brooklyn Dodgers (1933–1936), Washington Senators (1938–1946), Philadelphia Phillies (1947–1948) and Chicago Cubs (1949–1953). Born in Auburn, Illinois, Leonard batted right-handed and was listed as tall and . Playing career In a 20-season career, Leonard posted a 191–181 won–lost record with 1,170 strikeouts and a 3.25 earned run average in innings pitched. He was a six-time All-Star selection, and became the pitching coach of the Cubs immediately after his playing career ended (1954–1956). On July 4, 1939, Leonard pitched a complete game and the Senators defeated the New York Yankees in the first game of a doubleheader at Yankee Stadium. At a ceremony between that game and the nightcap, Lou Gehrig, who had recently been diagnosed with ALS, delivered his famous "luckiest man on the face of the earth" speech. During Washington's season, Leonard was part of what was possibly the only four-man rotation in baseball history to have been all knuckleball pitchers, joining Mickey Haefner, Johnny Niggeling and Roger Wolff. That year, Leonard put up a sparkling 17–7 won–lost mark (for a winning percentage of .708, third in the American League) and a 2.13 ERA (fourth in the AL—and one of seven seasons in which Leonard would place among his league's Top 10 in earned run average). The Senators contended for the American League pennant, but fell short of the Detroit Tigers by 1 games. Reportedly, after facing Leonard, Jackie Robinson once said: "I am glad of one thing, and that is I don't have to hit against Dutch Leonard every day. Man, what a knuckleball that fellow has. It comes up, makes a face at you, then runs away." In the 2013 biographical movie about Robinson, 42, former MLB pitcher C. J. Nitkowski plays the role of Leonard pitching against Robinson. Personal life Leonard died of congestive heart failure in Springfield, Illinois, on April 17, 1983, aged 74. See also List of knuckleball pitchers List of Major League Baseball annual saves leaders References External links 1909 births 1983 deaths American League All-Stars American people of Belgian descent Atlanta Crackers players Baseball players from Springfield, Illinois Brooklyn Dodgers players Chicago Cubs coaches Chicago Cubs players Decatur Commodores players Knuckleball pitchers Major League Baseball pitchers Major League Baseball pitching coaches Mobile Bears players York White Roses players Sportspeople from Sangamon County, Illinois National League All-Stars Philadelphia Phillies players Washington Senators (1901–1960) players
Dutch Leonard (right-handed pitcher)
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The 1997 New York Mets season was the 36th regular season for the Mets. They went 88–74 and finished third in the National League East. They were managed by Bobby Valentine. They played home games at Shea Stadium. It was their first winning season since 1990, despite not making the playoffs. Offseason November 25, 1996: Paul Byrd and a player to be named later were traded by the Mets to the Atlanta Braves for Greg McMichael. The Mets completed the deal by sending Andy Zwirchitz (minors) to the Braves on May 25, 1997. November 27, 1996: Rico Brogna was traded by the Mets to the Philadelphia Phillies for Ricardo Jordan and Toby Borland. December 20, 1996: Robert Person was traded by the Mets to the Toronto Blue Jays for John Olerud and cash. March 22, 1997: Héctor Ramírez was traded by the Mets to the Baltimore Orioles for Scott McClain and Manny Alexander. Regular season For the first time since 1990, the Mets finished the regular season with a winning record. Their offensive output was led by their corner infielders, the 23-year old third baseman Edgardo Alfonzo and the two-time former world champion first baseman John Olerud, the latter of whom was acquired in a trade with the Toronto Blue Jays. Alfonzo, in his first full season as a starter, led the team with a .315 average and 163 hits while Olerud notched a .294 average and drove in 102 runs to lead the Mets in that category. Catcher Todd Hundley, a year removed from his record setting 1996 campaign, led the team in home runs with 30 and added 86 RBI, one of five Mets to record 70 or more (joining Alfonzo, Olerud, Bernard Gilkey, and Butch Huskey). After a year out of baseball, Rick Reed joined the Mets' starting rotation and led them with a 2.89 ERA. Bobby Jones led with fifteen wins, with Reed recording thirteen. John Franco saved 36 games, his most since 1988. Jackie Robinson tribute On April 15 the Mets hosted ceremonies marking the 50th anniversary of Jackie Robinson's first game with the Brooklyn Dodgers before their game against the Los Angeles Dodgers at Shea Stadium. The ceremony was attended by President Bill Clinton and commissioner Bud Selig announced that Robinson's jersey number, 42, would be retired permanently across baseball. The Mets won the game 5-0. Subway Series Interleague play was brought to MLB in 1997 and the Mets played New York Yankees in June as part of the first ever regular season games that counted in the standings between the two teams (they had previously an exhibition game until 1983 during the season). The series took place at Yankee Stadium, and Mets won the first game by a score of 6-0. Season standings Record vs. opponents Notable transactions June 3, 1997: 1997 Major League Baseball Draft Garrett Atkins was drafted by the Mets in the 10th round, but did not sign. Jeremy Guthrie was drafted by the Mets in the 15th round, but
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Randall Scott Karl (born August 9, 1971) is an American former professional baseball player who pitched in the Major Leagues from 1995–2000. Karl played for the Milwaukee Brewers, Colorado Rockies, and Anaheim Angels. He wore uniform number 42 prior to Major League Baseball retiring the number to honor Jackie Robinson. References External links Milwaukee Brewers players Colorado Rockies players Anaheim Angels players 1971 births Hawaii Rainbow Warriors baseball players Major League Baseball pitchers Nashville Sounds players Living people Baseball players from San Bernardino County, California Sportspeople from Fontana, California
Scott Karl
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The original Majestic Park was one of the first Major League Baseball spring training facilities. The ballpark was located at the corner of Belding Street and Carson Street in Hot Springs, Arkansas. Today, the site is in use by Champion Christian College, National Park College, and travel/tournament baseball and softball. Majestic Park has been renovated by the City of Hot Springs. Babe Ruth, Cy Young, Jackie Robinson and Hank Aaron are among the many who have played at the site. History After first serving as a site for a half–mile race track, the ballpark was built by the Detroit Tigers as a practice field in 1908. Majestic Park then was upgraded to become the spring training site of the Boston Red Sox and their star pitcher Babe Ruth in 1909–10 and 1912–18. The Cincinnati Reds (1910–1911), Brooklyn Dodgers (1910) and St. Louis Browns (1911) also held spring training at Majestic Park. The location later became the site of Dean Field (1935–1947)/Jaycee Park (1947–2019). Dean Field served as home to the Rogers Hornsby Baseball College. The "Majestic Park" name corresponds to the Majestic Hotel, which was located in Hot Springs and housed the Boston Red Sox during their spring training seasons in Hot Springs. The Hot Springs Bathers minor league team and the Chicago White Sox (1948–1951) minor league spring training were held at Jaycee Park. Jaycee Park hosted the 1952 Negro World Series featuring Hank Aaron and a 1953 exhibition game featuring Jackie Robinson. The site can claim games featuring both All-time Home Run record holders, Babe Ruth and Hank Aaron as among those who have played at the site. In 1914, Babe Ruth was just beginning his career (as a dominant left-handed pitcher) for the Red Sox, while a young Aaron played in the 1952 Negro World Series. Today, the site underwent an 8.5 million dollar renovation, completed in the spring of 2021. The site has four historical plaques, as part of the Hot Springs Historic Baseball Trail. Majestic Field, Rogers Hornsby, Jackie Robinson and Hank Aaron each have historical plaques on the site. Along with Babe Ruth, Jackie Robinson and Hank Aaron, others who performed at the site include Ty Cobb, Honus Wagner, Jimmie Foxx, Gil Hodges, Harry Hooper, Cy Young, Rogers Hornsby, Grover Cleveland Alexander, Herb Pennock, Tris Speaker, and Walter Johnson. The Sporting News (1998) ranking of the greatest players ever listed: Babe Ruth (1), Ty Cobb (3), Walter Johnson (4), Hank Aaron (5) and Rogers Hornsby (9). Baseball in Hot Springs Often called the "birthplace" of Spring Training baseball, Hot Springs first welcomed Major League Baseball in 1886, when the Chicago White Stockings (now the Chicago Cubs), brought their coaches and players to the city in preparation for the upcoming season. Team President Albert Spalding (owner of Spalding Sporting Goods) and the team's player/manager Cap Anson, thought the city was an ideal training site for the players. The first baseball location was Hot Springs Baseball Grounds. Many other Major League teams followed and began training
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The East-West Major League Baseball Classic, also known as the MLK Game, was a baseball game held on March 28, 1970, in honor of civil rights leader Martin Luther King. The event was sponsored by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and at the urging of Major League players in the wake of King's assassination in 1968. Taking place in Dodger Stadium, the game involved 23 current and future Hall of Famers participating as players, coaches, and managers. Each of the then-24 Major League Baseball teams sent two players and teams were divided up into "East" and "West". The East won the game by 5–1 with Ron Fairly being named MVP of the game. Coretta Scott King, widow of Martin Luther King, was on hand to throw the ceremonial first pitch. Also in attendance was Jackie Robinson, who broke the color barrier in Major League Baseball. Background Soon after the assassination of Martin Luther King, a number of major league players wrote to the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), asking what they could do to honor the memory of King. In November 1968, Joseph Peters, the sports project director for the SCLC, wrote to William Eckert, then the Commissioner of Baseball: Initially meant to held in 1969, the game was postponed to 1970 at the request of the SCLC to allow for more time to prepare and organize. It was announced that the game would be held in Dodger Stadium, with each of the 24 Major League Baseball teams sending out two players. Further, teams were to be divided by Eastern and Western divisions. The proceeds from the game would go to programs of the SCLC and The King Center being established in Atlanta. Players and managers were selected by the Los Angeles chapter of the Baseball Writers' Association of America. Joe DiMaggio, recently retired from his role as executive and coach for the Oakland Athletics, was chosen as the manager of the East. He subsequently chose Billy Martin, Hank Bauer, John McNamara, and Satchel Paige as his coaches. Roy Campanella was chose to manager the West and chose Sandy Koufax, Stan Musial, Don Drysdale, Don Newcombe, and Elston Howard as his coaches. Campanella put on his Dodgers jersey for the first time since his last game, before the automobile accident which left him wheelchair bound. Game Pre-game ceremonies The game was held on March 28, 1970. During the pre-game ceremonies, a recording of King's "I Have a Dream" speech was played over the Dodger Stadium loudspeakers and remarks were made by Reverend H. H. Brookins, president of the SCLC West, SCLC president Reverend Ralph Abernathy, and by Commissioner Bowie Kuhn. Pitcher Mudcat Grant sang the national anthem and Coretta Scott King threw the first pitch. In attendance were numerous African-American firsts in Major League Baseball in various capacities: Jackie Robinson, who broke the color barrier in Major League Baseball, attended the game as a spectator; Larry Doby, the first African-American to play in the American League, attended the game
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The Chase Park Plaza Royal Sonesta St. Louis is a historic hotel and apartment complex located at 212 N. Kingshighway Boulevard in the Central West End of St. Louis, Missouri. It consists of two buildings - the Chase Hotel, built in 1922 by developer Chase Ullman, and the Art Deco-style Park Plaza tower, built in 1929 and today housing condominiums. The complex also features a cinema and several restaurants and bars. History The Chase replaced the nearby Buckingham Hotel as the most luxurious hotel in the city. The ground-floor Chase Club was a popular venue for nationally known entertainers from its opening in 1933 until it was closed in 1972. In 1929, seven years after the Chase's opening, the rival Park Plaza was built next door. The Park Plaza's original owner, Sam Koplar, lost the Park Plaza to foreclosure during the Great Depression, but regained ownership in 1944; he became the Chase's majority owner in 1946. The two hotels merged into the Chase-Park Plaza in 1961. The Park Plaza later was converted to apartments and now is a condominium complex. From 1989 to 1999, the Chase wing was closed. After the hotel reopened, the hyphen was dropped from the name and the property is now known as the Chase Park Plaza. The hotel joined the Sonesta hotels chain on May 18, 2017. The Chase Park Plaza is part of the National Trust for Historic Preservation's Historic Hotels of America program. Jackie Robinson and desegregation Jackie Robinson was a Major League Baseball (MLB) second baseman who became the first African American to play in the major leagues in the modern era. Robinson broke the baseball color line when the Brooklyn Dodgers started him at first base on April 15, 1947. In 1953, Robinson openly criticized segregated hotels and restaurants that served the Dodger organization. A number of these establishments integrated as a result, including the Chase Hotel. Wrestling at the Chase The Chase was also famous for hosting a wrestling program called Wrestling at the Chase (1959–1983), produced and televised by KPLR-TV channel 11, whose operations were in the hotel and the adjoining Park Plaza apartments, all owned by Harold Koplar, Sam Koplar's son. Many famous wrestlers, including St. Louis native Lou Thesz and Buddy Rogers, wrestled on the program. See also Veiled Prophet Parade and Ball#After coronation References External links Built St. Louis site on the Chase Hotel 1922 establishments in Missouri Architecture of St. Louis Hotels established in 1922 Hotel buildings completed in 1922 Hotel buildings completed in 1929 Hotels in St. Louis Landmarks of St. Louis Skyscraper hotels in Missouri Skyscrapers in St. Louis Central West End, St. Louis Buildings and structures in St. Louis
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Elaine Weddington Steward is an American lawyer working for Major League Baseball. Early life As a teen growing up in New York City, Steward was hired by New York Mets outfielder Félix Millán. She won the Jackie Robinson Foundation program scholarship in sports management, and went on to attend St. John's University in Queens, New York. She graduated with honors earning a bachelor's degree in Athletic Administration in 1984. She then went on to St. John's University School of Law and graduated with a J.D. degree in 1987. Career While Steward was stil in school, she was an intern in the New York Mets' public relations department under Peter Ueberroth. In 1988 she was hired by the Boston Red Sox working as an associate counsel. In 1990 she was promoted to assistant general manager for the Boston Red Sox. becoming the first African American woman and second female minority to hold an executive position in major league baseball. Awards Steward was selected as one of the "Ten Outstanding Young Leaders of Boston" in 1999, by the Greater Boston Chamber of Commerce. She was also elected into the YWCA's Academy of Women Achievers. During her time at St John’s University she received the Outstanding Alumna Award from the Black Alumni Association and the St. John’s University President’s Medal. Later on, she went on to receive the National Association of Black Journalists Sports Task Force’s Sam Lacy Pioneer Award, and the Jackie Robinson Foundation Sports Management award and scholarship. Steward was featured in the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum's "Women in Baseball" exhibit in Cooperstown, New York. References Bibliography Browne, I. (2017, February 23). Red Sox exec Steward paved unique path. Retrieved from https://www.mlb.com Front Office Biographies. Elaine Weddington Steward, Vice President/Club Counsel. Boston Red Sox. Retrieved from http://boston.redsox.mlb.com Heaphy, L. A., & May, M. A. (Eds.) 2016. Encyclopedia of Women and Baseball. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. Major League Baseball Not for Men Only. (1998). Ebony, (Vol. 53, No. 12), 48. Muhammad, S. (2013, March 1). Women’s History Moment: Elaine Weddington Steward, The first black woman executive in major league baseball.Retrieved from http://jobs.blacknews.com O’Connor, I. (1997, April 13). The legacy from Jackie’s way to Fenway. New York Daily News. Retrieved from http://www.nydailynews.com Living people Boston Red Sox executives African-American sports executives and administrators Lawyers from Queens, New York People from Flushing, Queens St. John's University (New York City) alumni St. John's University School of Law alumni Year of birth missing (living people) 21st-century African-American people
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Historic Sanford Memorial Stadium is a baseball stadium located in Sanford, Florida. The ballpark is located just south of Lake Monroe on Mellonville Avenue, less than a mile from Historic Downtown Sanford. The stadium stands at the site of the old Sanford Field, which was originally built in 1926. The stadium was built on the old site in 1951 as the Spring Training Facility of the New York Giants. Many Major League stars have played in the stadium including Babe Ruth, Jackie Robinson, Willie Mays, Tim Raines, and David Eckstein. The Stadium was refurbished in 2001 at a cost of two million dollars, and now offers many modern amenities along with the classic architecture typical of stadiums built in the early to mid 1900s. The Stadium is currently home to the Orlando Baseball Association (OBA), 25t, 35t and 45t leagues, as well as Sanford Babe Ruth Baseball and the Sanford River Rats of the Florida Collegiate Summer League. It was also home to the Seminole County Naturals of the Florida Winter Baseball League during the 2009 season; the league subsequently suspended operations during the season due to a lack of funding. The stadium previously served as a spring training facility for the New York Giants and Atlanta Braves. In 1942, the Boston Braves used the old field as its primary facility. Sanford Stadium is the location where Jackie Robinson first took to the field in 1946 to play baseball as a member of a white Class AAA International League Team in Daytona Beach, Florida, which was partnered with the Montreal Royals. Unfortunately, this was also during an era of racial segregation and racial tensions, especially in that part of the Southern United States which made up the former Confederacy. By the time Robinson took the field, the crowd of local white citizens in the stands ended up booing him off the field and he was not able to play. The then-Sanford police chief had actually threatened to cancel the game if Robinson took the field. On April 20, 1997, fifty years after Robinson had broken the color barrier in major league baseball, Mayor Larry Dale of Sanford issued a proclamation honoring Jackie Robinson and apologizing for the City of Sanford's, "...regrettable actions in 1946," when the city forced Robinson off Municipal Athletic Field. However, per author Chris Lamb's book, Blackout: The Untold Story of Jackie Robinson's First Spring Training, despite the passage of over half a century, Mayor Dale's proclamation still didn't sit well with all residents of Sanford, especially those long-time residents or their descendants who were present or traced their lineage back to the city in 1946. Many believed that the city had let Robinson play and therefore had no reason to apologize, while others saw no reason to dredge up the sins of the past. Stadium features The ballpark features 415 box seats and bleacher seating for 1600 putting the total capacity at 2,015. The block outfield wall is 330 feet down the lines and 385 feet
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Robert Clay Hopper (October 3, 1902 – April 17, 1976) was an American professional baseball player and manager in minor league baseball. Hopper played from 1926 through 1941 and continued managing through 1956. Managing the Montreal Royals of the International League in 1946, Hopper served as Jackie Robinson's first manager in integrated baseball. Hopper was named manager of the year with the Royals in 1946 and with the Portland Beavers of the Pacific Coast League in 1953. He was inducted into the International League Hall of Fame in 2009. Career College Hopper played collegiately at Mississippi State University, known as Mississippi A&M College at the time, and was a three-year letterman. A search of MSU athletic records from the period shows that Hopper's first collegiate year was as a member of legendary MSU head coach C.R. "Dudy" Noble's 1924 team that won the last of A&M's six baseball championships in the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association. Minor leagues Hopper played in minor league baseball from 1926 through 1941. On July 17, 1927, Hopper hit four home runs in a game for the Danville Veterans of the Illinois–Indiana–Iowa League. Joining the Rochester Red Wings of the International League for the final three weeks of the 1928 season as a substitute, Hopper helped lead the team to the league's pennant. Manager Hopper became a player-manager with the Laurel Cardinals in 1929. He played for the Greensboro Patriots in 1930 but did not manage the team. He managed the Scottsdale Cardinals in 1931 and was then hired by the St. Louis Cardinals organization as a player-manager for the Elmira Red Wings. He managed the Greensburg Redwings of the Pennsylvania State Association to the league championship in 1934. After managing the Springfield Cardinals of the Western Association to a second-place finish in 1938, he was promoted to manage the Columbus Red Birds of the South Atlantic League in 1939. He was promoted to manage the Houston Buffaloes of the Texas League in 1942. Hopper joined the Brooklyn Dodgers organization in 1942. He managed the Mobile Bears of the Southern Association in 1945, leading them to the league championship. He was promoted to become the manager for the Montreal Royals of the International League for the 1946 season. That year Jackie Robinson, the first black player to integrate baseball since the 1880s, entered the Dodgers farm system and was assigned to the Royals. Hopper, who opposed integration of baseball at the time, asked Branch Rickey, the general manager of the Dodgers, to assign Robinson to a different Dodgers affiliate, but Rickey kept Robinson assigned to Montreal. Robinson reported that Hopper treated him well, and the Royals won the Governors' Cup as the International League champions. The Sporting News named Hopper the Manager of the Year for all of minor league baseball that season. Hopper recommended the Dodgers promote Robinson to the major leagues for the 1947 season. Hopper remained Montreal's manager through the 1949 season. Between 1946 and 1949, Hopper managed three Governors' Cup champions. In
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Rachel Annetta Robinson (née Isum; born July 19, 1922) is an American former professor and registered nurse. She is the widow of professional baseball player Jackie Robinson. After her husband's death, she founded the Jackie Robinson Foundation. Life and work Rachel Isum was born in Pasadena, California, and attended Manual Arts High School in Los Angeles, California, and the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). At UCLA, she met Jackie Robinson in 1941 prior to his leaving UCLA when his baseball eligibility ran out. She graduated from UCLA on June 1, 1945, with a bachelor's degree in nursing. Rachel and Robinson married on February 10, 1946, the year before he broke into the big leagues. They had three children. After Jackie Robinson's retirement from baseball following the 1956 season, Rachel Robinson further pursued her nursing career, obtaining a master's degree in psychiatric nursing from New York University in 1959. She worked as a researcher and clinician at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine's Department of Social and Community Psychiatry, a position she held for five years. She then became an assistant professor at Yale School of Nursing and later the Director of Nursing at the Connecticut Mental Health Center. In 1972, she incorporated the Jackie Robinson Development Corporation, a real estate development company specializing in low- to moderate-income housing, and served as president for ten years. In 1973, she founded the Jackie Robinson Foundation, a not-for-profit organization providing educational and leadership opportunities for minority students. The Foundation has provided support for over 1,000 minority students and has maintained a 97% graduation rate among its scholars. In 1996, she coauthored Jackie Robinson: An Intimate Portrait with Lee Daniels, published by Abrams Publishing Company. Awards and honors In 2007, Robinson received the Commissioner's Historic Achievement Award by Commissioner Bud Selig. In 2009, Robinson was awarded the UCLA Medal from Chancellor Gene Block for her lifetime achievements. The UCLA Medal is the university's highest honor and was created to "honor those individuals who have made extraordinary and distinguished contributions to their professions, to higher education, to our society, and to the people of UCLA." In addition to earning twelve honorary doctorates, Robinson was awarded the Candace Award for Distinguished Service from the National Coalition of 100 Black Women, the Equitable Life Black Achiever's Award and the Associated Black Charities Black History Makers Award. Robinson was inducted into the Baseball Reliquary's Shrine of the Eternals in 2014. In 2017, she received the Buck O'Neil Lifetime Achievement Award from the National Baseball Hall of Fame. Jackie Robinson Foundation The Jackie Robinson Foundation is a national, 501(c)(3) non-profit organization, which gives scholarships to minority youths for higher education, as well as preserving the legacy of Baseball Hall of Fame member, Jackie Robinson. It was founded in 1973 by Rachel Robinson. It's located in New York, New York, United States. Its motto is "JRF has provided college and graduate school scholarships as well as leadership development opportunities for highly motivated students of color with limited financial resources."
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Mr. Rickey Calls a Meeting is a play written by Edward Schmidt in 1989. The play had its debut at the Ironbound Theater in Newark, New Jersey. The play debuted on the West Coast, in 1992, at the Old Globe Theatre in San Diego, California. It was last revived at the Lookingglass Theatre Company in Chicago, Illinois, with J. Nicole Brooks as director, as part of the 2011–12 season. The revival was nominated for three 2012 Equity Joseph Jefferson Award (Jeff Award) for Play Production (Large), Direction, and Ensemble. Storyline The play begins with a 64-year-old retired African-American bellhop reminiscing about a meeting he witnessed in 1947, when he was 17 years old. The play then flashes back to that earlier time. The majority of the action is set in a New York City hotel room, in the spring of 1947, and the action spans a couple of hours. Branch Rickey, the owner of the Brooklyn Dodgers, has called a meeting with four prominent African-Americans to discuss breaking the color barrier in Major League Baseball. The invitees were Jackie Robinson, Joe Louis, Paul Robeson, and Bill Robinson. The play's characters, except for the bellhop, are all historical figures, but such a meeting never actually took place. Mr. Rickey has decided to offer Jackie Robinson a job with the Brooklyn Dodgers (Robinson, at this point in time, is already on the Montreal minor league team) and wants the invitees' support to help him address the controversy he knows will ensue. The invitees, especially Paul Robeson, are suspicious of Rickey's motives, wondering if he is more motivated by profit than altruism. Another concern of Robeson and Robinson's is the loss of jobs that would ensue when the black-owned black baseball teams inevitably shut down, once all the key black players moved to the white leagues. The invitees, except Robinson, are in the midst of personal conflicts, such as career declines, that add to the drama. Finally, Joe Louis, who has had a passive role throughout the play, breaks the impasse with a surprising move. Characters Clancy Hope, elder - A retired bellhop at Hotel Roosevelt Midtown Manhattan, New York Clancy Hope, younger - A bellhop at Hotel Roosevelt Midtown Manhattan, New York Branch Rickey - The President and General Manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers and an advocate of breaking the "color line" in professional sports Jackie Robinson - Infielder for the Montreal Royals, selected as the first African-American to integrate the Major League Baseball organization Joe Louis - 1946 World Heavyweight Boxing Champion Paul Robeson - Renowned artist, singer, actor, political activist Bill "Bojangles" Robinson - Called the "King of Tap Dance", a famous entertainer and part owner of a baseball team in the Negro leagues See also One Night in Miami Robeson and Jackson References External links 1989 plays American plays Cultural depictions of Jackie Robinson Works about Paul Robeson Cultural depictions of Joe Louis
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The Baseball Card Adventures is a novel series written by Dan Gutman. There are 12 books in the series, published by HarperCollins between 1997 and 2015. The books feature a boy, Joe Stoshack, who can travel through time when he touches old baseball cards. When he holds a baseball card, he feels a tingling sensation, and when it gets strong, is transported to the year that card was made and somewhere near the ballplayer on the card. Later he discovers that this power also works on very old photographs. He tries to use this power wisely, and he attempts to change history several times, but the result is always something different from his original goal. The novels are typically illustrated with black and white photos from the time period in which the story takes place. For example, when Jackie Robinson steals second base in Jackie & Me, a real photograph of Jackie Robinson stealing a base is pictured. Occasionally the books will also be illustrated with pictures taken exclusively for the book. The Cambridge Companion to Baseball in its review of baseball fiction calls the books "an eclectic enterprise" which "uninhibitedly embraces the genre's cliches." Library Journal called them "good examples" of traditional sports novels. The books Honus & Me Joe Stoshack discovers the T206 Honus Wagner, the most valuable baseball card in the world, while cleaning out an Ms. Amanda Young's attic. She is over 100 years old. Stoshack brings the card to a former bad guy wrestler, Birdie Farell. He tries to trick Joe into giving it to him for $10. Joe refuses. He uses it to travel back in time to 1909. Once Joe is in 1909, he discovers that he became a grown man. Joe helps Honus Wagner win the 7th game of the 1909 World Series, and travels back to the present to return the card to his neighbor. In 1909 he discovered Ms. Young is really Wagner's old girlfriend, and sends her back in time to be with him again. Jackie & Me Joe Stoshack was a ten year old boy who was assigned to do a book report on Jackie Robinson for black history month. Joe goes to Flip Valentini and borrows a 1947 Jackie Robinson card. Joe went back in time on the exact day Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier between the black league and the white league. Joe experiences what it is like to be an African American in a segregated society when he travels back to 1947 to watch Jackie Robinson play, and while going back in time he accidentally himself turns black. He tries to bring back a bunch of Jackie Robinson cards, but the cards are stolen by the Dodgers' batboy, Anthony. Joe wants to go after him, but Jackie tells him it's not safe. In the story, Joe also meets Jackie's wife and son, Jackie Jr. Joe also meets Flip Valentini as a kid and gives him advice. School Library Journal called it "readable and accurate".
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The Jackie Robinson House is a historic house at 5224 Tilden Avenue in the New York City borough of Brooklyn. Built c. 1912-1916, it is prominent as the home of baseball great Jackie Robinson from 1947, when he was awarded Rookie of the Year, through 1949, when he was voted Most Valuable Player. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1976. The Jackie Robinson House is located in Brooklyn's East Flatbush neighborhood, at the southwest corner of Tilden Avenue and East 53nd Street. It is a modest two-story brick duplex, with the units set side-by-side. Each is two bays wide, with the entrance set in the right-hand bay. 5224 is the left (east) unit, which has a band of three sash windows in the left bay, topped by a porch with a wooden railing and metal awning supported by decorative metal supports. History The house was built sometime between 1912 and 1916. From 1947 to 1949 it was home to baseball player Jackie Robinson, the first African-American to play in the major leagues. Robinson had been signed to a contract in 1945 by Branch Rickey, owner of the Brooklyn Dodgers, and he was called up to the major league team after spending 1946 with minor league Montreal Royals. When he was called up, he and his wife Rachel had difficulty finding housing in Brooklyn due to racism; this was secured as a rental by a friend. Another house, at 112-40 177th Street in the Addisleigh Park neighborhood of Queens, was the Robinsons' home from 1949 to 1955. "Locals had recently canceled a restrictive covenant that forbade blacks from living in the area, so African-American stars such as jazz great Count Basie and Herbert Mills of the Mills Brothers quartet moved in." See also List of National Historic Landmarks in New York City National Register of Historic Places in Kings County, New York References National Historic Landmarks in New York City Houses completed in 1916 House Houses in Brooklyn National Register of Historic Places in Brooklyn
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The Jackie Robinson Ballpark (also known as Jackie Robinson Stadium or City Island Ball Park) is a historic baseball field in Daytona Beach, Florida, United States. It is located at 105 East Orange Avenue on City Island, in the Halifax River. Overview The ballpark, originally known as City Island Ball Park, opened in 1914. It consisted of a baseball field and a set of wooden bleachers. The present day grandstand and press box were built in 1962. It is the home of the Daytona Tortugas and the Bethune–Cookman Wildcats. The Daytona Tortugas were founded in 1993. They have won six Florida State League championships, 1994, 2000, 2004, 2008, 2011, and 2013. The Bethune–Cookman Wildcats have also achieved recent success, including six consecutive Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC) baseball championships from 1999 to 2004, and seven more in 2006–2012. History Baseball Daytona Beach and the stadium were the first Florida city to allow Jackie Robinson to play during the 1946 season's spring training. Robinson had been signed to play for the Triple-A Montreal Royals who held spring training in Florida with Brooklyn Dodgers. Both Jacksonville and Sanford locked their stadiums to the Royals and forced the cancellation of scheduled exhibition games due to local ordinances which prohibited "mixed" athletics. Daytona Beach permitted the game, which was played on March 17, 1946. This contributed to Robinson breaking Major League Baseball's color barrier the following year when he joined the Dodgers. The refusal by Jacksonville, previously the Dodgers' spring training home, led the team to host spring training in Daytona in 1947 and build Dodgertown in Vero Beach for the 1948 season. A statue of Robinson is now located at the south entrance to the ballpark. The ballpark was previously the home field of the Daytona Beach Islanders (1920–1924, 1936–1941, 1946–1966, 1977, 1985–1986), Daytona Beach Dodgers (1968–1973), and Daytona Beach Astros (1978–1984). The major league Montreal Expos conducted their spring training at the park from 1973 to 1980. As of the 2021 season, Jackie Robinson Ballpark is the oldest active ballpark in Minor League Baseball. Outside of baseball The stadium sustained heavy damage during Hurricane Donna in 1960. A $2 million historic renovation project was accelerated after Hurricane Floyd ripped off the metal roofs over the seating in 1999. In 2004, the ballpark suffered moderate damage during Hurricane Charley, causing several home games to be moved to Melching Field at Conrad Park in nearby DeLand. On October 22, 1998, the stadium was added to the United States National Register of Historic Places. This property is part of the Daytona Beach Multiple Property Submission, a Multiple Property Submission to the National Register. On May 12, 2018, the stadium hosted a concert by rapper Nelly with Bone Thugs-n-Harmony and Juvenile as the opening acts. See also List of NCAA Division I baseball venues References External links Jackie Robinson Ballpark from the Daytona Tortugas website Florida's Office of Cultural and Historical Programs Jackie Robinson Ball Park Famous Floridians of Daytona Beach Jackie Robinson Ballpark Views – Ball
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Jackie Robinson is a 2016 American television documentary miniseries directed by Ken Burns. It debuted as a two-part series, the first half premiering on April 11, 2016, and the second half airing the following night. It concerns the life of Jackie Robinson, the first African-American to play in the major leagues of baseball in the modern era. Actors and historians The documentary series is narrated by Keith David, and features the voice of Jamie Foxx as Jackie Robinson. A large group of noted commentators give background information. They include: Harry Belafonte Howard Bryant Ed Charles Gerald Early Jonathan Eig Carl Erskine Willie Mays Barack Obama Michelle Obama David Robinson (Jackie's son) Rachel Robinson (Jackie's widow) Sharon Robinson (Jackie's daughter) John Thorn George Will Yohuru Williams Episodes "Jackie Robinson: Part I" "Jackie Robinson: Part II" See also List of baseball films References External links Cultural depictions of Jackie Robinson 2010s American documentary television series
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Jackie Robinson Park (formerly Colonial Park) is a public park in the Hamilton Heights and Harlem neighborhoods of Manhattan in New York City. The approximately park is bounded by Bradhurst Avenue to the east, 155th Street to the north, Edgecombe Avenue to the west, and 145th Street to the south. The park has baseball fields, basketball courts, restrooms, and a bandshell, which are arranged around the park's steep terrain. It also includes the Jackie Robinson Play Center, which consists of a recreation center and a pool. Jackie Robinson Park is maintained by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation (NYC Parks). The land for the park was acquired from 1894 to 1899 and the first section opened in 1911 as Colonial Park. Aymar Embury II designed the pool, which was constructed from 1935 to 1936 as part of a Works Progress Administration project. During the mid-20th century, the park received most of its other recreational facilities. The park was renamed after baseball player Jackie Robinson in 1978. The pool was extensively refurbished from 1978 to 1980. The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission designated the park, as well as the lobby of the Jackie Robinson Play Center, as city landmarks in 2007. Description Jackie Robinson Park is bounded by 145th Street to the south, Edgecombe Avenue to the west, 155th Street and the 155th Street Viaduct to the north, and Bradhurst Avenue to the east. It covers , although the park is significantly narrower along its west–east axis relative to its width. Jackie Robinson Park's site encompasses steep terrain, with the Edgecombe Avenue portion being significantly higher than the Bradhurst Avenue portion. North of 155th Street, the cliff within Jackie Robinson Park becomes Coogan's Bluff, which is part of Highbridge Park; the Polo Grounds baseball stadium was formerly below the cliff. Most of the facilities and entrances are along Bradhurst Avenue, although there are also stairs leading from Edgecombe Avenue's intersections with 145th, 150th and 155th Streets. Consequently, Jackie Robinson Park is more popular among residents of Central Harlem to the east than among residents of Hamilton Heights to the west. Jackie Robinson Park is one of four "Historic Harlem Parks", a group of parks by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation (NYC Parks) that are characterized by their steep terrain. The other parks in the grouping are St. Nicholas Park and Morningside Park to the south, and Marcus Garvey Park to the southeast. Recreational facilities Jackie Robinson Park contains two playgrounds along the Bradhurst Avenue end, both with restrooms. The playgrounds are named after their respective cross streets, spelled out and in Roman numerals. Playground One Forty Nine CIL is at 149th Street, while Playground One Fifty Two CLII is between 152nd and 153rd Streets. The playground at 152nd Street was previously the park's wading pool. There is also a recreational area along Bradhurst Avenue between the two playgrounds. This consists of two baseball fields at 150th Street, one basketball court south of 150th
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The Court-Martial of Jackie Robinson is a 1990 American drama film directed by Larry Peerce and written by L. Travis Clark, Steve Duncan, Clay Frohman and Dennis Lynton Clark. The film stars Andre Braugher, Daniel Stern, Ruby Dee, Stan Shaw, Paul Dooley and Bruce Dern. The film premiered on TNT on October 15, 1990. Plot The movie opens in 1944, when Jackie Robinson is serving as a second lieutenant in the U.S. Army during World War II. Robinson and the other Black officers face discrimination and segregation, despite putting their lives on the line. After refusing to move to the back of a segregated Army bus, Robinson is court-martialed for insubordination. The movie then flashes back to Robinson's early life and baseball career before the war. We see his athletic talents develop and how he became one of the first Black players in professional baseball when he joined the Kansas City Monarchs in the Negro Leagues. However, his career is put on hold when he is drafted into the Army in 1942. Back at the court-martial, the all-White panel of officers seems set on harshly punishing Robinson as an example to other Black servicemen. Robinson argues eloquently in his own defense, pointing out the hypocrisy of fighting a war against racism overseas while tolerating discrimination at home. His impassioned testimony helps sway the panel, who ultimately vote to acquit Robinson, though they still reprimand him. The movie ends with Robinson leaving the Army and resuming his baseball career with the Montreal Royals, the farm team for the Brooklyn Dodgers. Just a few years later in 1947, he would break baseball's color barrier and become a civil rights icon as the first Black player in Major League Baseball. The movie underscores Robinson's dignity and leadership in the face of injustice, which paved the way for integration in sports and society. Cast Andre Braugher as Jackie Robinson Daniel Stern as William Cline Ruby Dee as Jackie's mother Stan Shaw as Joe Louis Paul Dooley as Willy Bailey Bruce Dern as Scout Ed Higgins Kasi Lemmons as Rachel J. A. Preston as Wendell Smith Michael Greene Dale Dye Steven Williams as Satchel Paige Noble Willingham Gary Grubbs Don Hood as Maj. Foley Howard French as Sgt. McEllroy Jim Beaver as Maj. Trimble Russell Curry as Mack at 21 Peter Parros as Gordon Jones Nancy Cheryll Davis as Loretta Jones Dale Swann as Dr. Smith Glenn Morshower as Capt. Spencer Brenda Ballard as Miss Wharton Ken Kerman as Asch Chris Kinkade as Cpl. Dwight See also List of baseball films References External links 1990 television films 1990 films 1990 drama films American drama television films Cultural depictions of Jackie Robinson American films based on actual events Films directed by Larry Peerce Military courtroom films TNT (American TV network) original films 1990s English-language films 1990s American films
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The Montreal Royals were a minor league professional baseball team in Montreal, Quebec, during 1897–1917 and 1928–1960. A member of the International League, the Royals were the top farm club (Class AAA) of the Brooklyn Dodgers from 1939; pioneering African-American player Jackie Robinson was a member for the 1946 season. The 1946 Royals were recognized as one of the 100 greatest minor league teams of all time. History In 1928, George Stallings, a former Major League Baseball executive and Southern United States planter, formed a partnership with Montreal lawyer and politician Athanase David and businessman Ernest Savard to resurrect the Montreal Royals. Among the team's other local affluent notables were close friends Lucien Beauregard, Romeo Gauvreau, Hector H. Racine, and Charles E. Trudeau. Trudeau, businessman and father of the future 15th Prime Minister of Canada, Pierre Trudeau (and grandfather to the 23rd Prime Minister, Justin Trudeau), would remain on the Montreal Baseball Club Inc. Board of Directors until his death in 1935. Together these men financed and built Delorimier Stadium (also known as Montreal Stadium, Hector Racine Stadium and Delorimier Downs) at Delorimier Avenue and Ontario Street in east-end Montreal to serve as the team's home field. This version of the Montreal Royals enjoyed great success, particularly after it became the top farm team of the Dodgers in 1939. The Royals launched the baseball careers of Sparky Anderson, Gene Mauch, Roberto Clemente and the man who broke Major League Baseball's color barrier with Montreal in 1946, Jackie Robinson. Other Royals' players of note include Duke Snider, Don Drysdale, Chuck Connors, Walter Alston, Roy Campanella, Johnny Podres and the winningest pitcher in the history of the team, Tommy Lasorda. The team holds a unique place in baseball history for being the first major-league affiliate to break the so-called "baseball colour barrier". On October 23, 1945, two members of the Brooklyn National League Baseball Club Inc. Board of Directors, Montreal Royals owner and team president, Hector Racine, and Brooklyn Dodgers general manager, Branch Rickey, signed Jackie Robinson, an African-American. Robinson played with the Royals during the 1946 season. John Wright and Roy Partlow, black pitchers, also played with the Royals that year. During that season, Robinson faced the race-related resistance from his manager (a Mississippian, Clay Hopper) and teammates but soon won them over with his masterful play (beginning with his spectacular debut in the opening game against the Jersey City Giants) and courage facing hostile crowds and opponents. As for his home city, he was welcomed immediately by the public, who followed his performance that season with intense adoration. For the rest of his life, Robinson remained grateful to the people of Montreal for making the city a welcoming oasis for him and his wife during that difficult 1946 season. They lived in an apartment in a white neighbourhood of Montreal that summer. Robinson then left to play for the Dodgers the following year, but not before winning the Little World Series and being chased by exultant Montreal fans right to
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Wesley Branch Rickey (December 20, 1881 – December 9, 1965) was an American baseball player and sports executive. Rickey was instrumental in breaking Major League Baseball's color barrier by signing black player Jackie Robinson. He also created the framework for the modern minor league farm system, encouraged the Major Leagues to add new teams through his involvement in the proposed Continental League, and introduced the batting helmet. He was posthumously elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1967. Rickey played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the St. Louis Browns and New York Highlanders from 1905 through 1907. After struggling as a player, Rickey returned to college, where he learned about administration from Philip Bartelme. Returning to the Major Leagues in 1913, Rickey embarked on a successful managing and executive career with the St. Louis Browns, St. Louis Cardinals, Brooklyn Dodgers and Pittsburgh Pirates. The Cardinals elected him to their team Hall of Fame in 2014. Rickey also had a career in football, as a player for the professional Shelby Blues and as a coach at Ohio Wesleyan University and Allegheny College. His many achievements and deep Christian faith earned him the nickname "the Mahātmā" (guru). Early life Rickey was born in Portsmouth, Ohio, the son of Jacob Frank Rickey and Emily (née Brown). Rickey was the uncle of Beth Rickey, a Louisiana political activist. He graduated from Valley High School in Lucasville, Ohio, in 1899, and he was a catcher on the baseball team at Ohio Wesleyan University, where he obtained his B.A. Rickey was a member of the Delta Tau Delta fraternity. Rickey was a Master Mason in Tuscan Lodge #240 in St. Louis. After arriving in Brooklyn, Rickey joined Montauk Masonic Lodge #286 in Brooklyn. Stricken with tuberculosis, he sought treatment in Saranac Lake, New York in 1908 and 1909 at the Trudeau Sanatorium. Later, he moved into the Jacob Schiff cottage. Professional playing career Before his front office days, Rickey played both football and baseball professionally. A left-handed-batting catcher, he played in both baseball's minor and major leagues. Football In 1902, Rickey played professional football for the Shelby Blues of the "Ohio League", the direct predecessor to the modern National Football League (NFL.) Rickey often played for pay with Shelby while he was attending Ohio Wesleyan. During his time with Shelby, Rickey became friends with his teammate Charles Follis, who was the first black professional football player. He also played against him on October 17, 1903, when Follis ran for a 70-yard touchdown against the Ohio Wesleyan football team. After that game Rickey praised Follis, calling him "a wonder." It is also possible that Follis' poise and class under the pressures of such racial tension, as well as his exceptional play in spite of it, inspired Rickey to sign Jackie Robinson decades later. Rickey, however, stated his inspiration for bringing Jackie Robinson into baseball was the ill-treatment he saw received by his black catcher Charles Thomas on the Ohio Wesleyan baseball team coached by Rickey
Branch Rickey
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A Handshake for the Century is a bronze statue located in Youngstown, Ohio. The statue commemorates a handshake between African American baseball player Jackie Robinson of the Montreal Royals and his white teammate George Shuba, a native of Youngstown. Created by sculptor Marc Mellon, it was veiled in 2021, seventy-five years after it occurred. The statue depicts a moment from April 18, 1946, the day Robinson became the first African-American baseball player to break into "organized professional baseball" in the 20th century. The game was against the Jersey City Giants at Roosevelt Stadium in Jersey City, New Jersey. After grounding out in his first at-bat, he hit a three-run home run in his second. Shuba, who followed Robinson in the lineup, shook Robinson's hand as he crossed home plate. The image of Robinson's and Shuba's handshake became an iconic moment in baseball history. Initially meant to be unveiled on the anniversary itself, the unveiling was delayed due to COVID-19 restrictions. It finally took place on July 17, 2021. Amongst the speakers was Shuba's son Mike. The statue was funded with the help of public donations. References 2021 sculptures Cultural depictions of Jackie Robinson Monuments and memorials in Ohio Outdoor sculptures in Ohio Sculptures of African Americans Statues in Ohio Statues of sportspeople
A Handshake for the Century
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The American Amateur Baseball Congress (AABC) is an amateur baseball organization in the United States for players from sub-teens through adults. Founded in 1935, it coordinates its programs with USA Baseball and the American Baseball Coaches Association. AABC has eight (8) age-range divisions in the U.S., Puerto Rico, and Canada. There are also five (5) single-age divisions: 9's, 11's, 13's, 15's, and 17's. In some leagues, however, all divisions are age-range and none are single-age. Under the AABC, each league has at least four (4) teams, each of which plays at least six (6) league games. Each league's winner goes on to state-tournament play. The winner of each state tournament goes to regional play and from there to the world series. History See footnote AABC's 75th annual meeting was held on October 30, 2010, in San Antonio, Texas. Divisions See footnote 19 (& over) Stan Musial Baseball 18U Connie Mack Baseball 17s Don Mattingly Baseball 16U Mickey Mantle Baseball 15s Ken Griffey Jr Baseball 14U Sandy Koufax Baseball 13s Sandy Koufax 13S Baseball 12U Pee Wee Reese Baseball 11s Gil Hodges Baseball 10U Willie Mays Baseball 9s Jackie Robinson Baseball 6, 7, 8 Roberto Clemente Baseball 6U Rod Carew Baseball World Series See footnote Stan Musial World Series In general Past Champions Connie Mack World Series History Past Champions Don Mattingly World Series 2006 2010 2011 Mickey Mantle World Series In general 2011 Ken Griffey Jr World Series 2010 Sandy Koufax 14U World Series 2009 2010 2011 Sandy Koufax 13S World Series 2011 West Michigan Broncos Pee Wee Reese World Series Ball fields 2009 2010 2011 2014 Dallas, Texas Gil Hodges World Series 2007 2010 2011 2013 Hamden Yard Dogs (Hamden, Connecticut) 2014 Bonnie Seals (Brooklyn, NY) Willie Mays World Series Ball fields 2010 2011 2014 Brooklyn Blue Storm Jackie Robinson World Series 2009 2010 2011 Roberto Clemente World Series 2008 2011 Rod Carew World Series Regions East Central: North Atlantic: Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, Vermont, Eastern Pennsylvania, Washington, D.C., Ontario (Canada), and Quebec (Canada) North Central: South East Region: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee South Plains: West Region: Alaska, Arizona, Northern California, Southern California, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming, British Columbia (Canada), and Baja (Mexico) Puerto Rico: State leagues See footnote Arizona Amateur Baseball Association Northern California Association of AABC AABC South Coast Baseball League (Orange County, California) Colorado AABC (CAABC) Connecticut Amateur Baseball Congress (CABC) Florida Amateur Baseball Association (FABA) AABC of Georgia Northeastern Kentucky AABC Association (NEKA) Michigan Association – AABC (Michigan AABC) Minnesota AABC New Jersey Amateur Baseball Congress (NJABC) New Mexico Amateur Baseball Association New York Metropolitan Amateur Baseball League (NYMABL) Ohio Association – AABC (Ohio AABC) AABC of Texas Amateur Baseball Congress of Washington (ABCW) See also Amateur baseball in the United States USA Baseball References External links American Amateur Baseball Congress : About Us Blog: All of Baseball: Connie Mack/ Mickey Mantle/ Sandy Koufax
American Amateur Baseball Congress
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The statue of Jackie Robinson in Jersey City, New Jersey is located at Journal Square at the entrance to the Journal Square Transportation Center. Statue The work was conceived by Susan Wagner and was dedicated on February 26, 1998. The statue depicts Jackie Robinson with both arms outstretched, his catching hand gloved. It is tall, and consists of quarter inch thick bronze, of bronze reinforced with of stainless steel armature and mounting plate. The inscription on the plaque at its foot uses the name Jack Roosevelt Robinson (1919 - 1972) and quotes the player himself: "A life is not important except in the impact it has on other lives.” The work was commissioned the Jackie Robinson Foundation, and installed in partnership with the Port Authority of New York & New Jersey, the City of Jersey City, the New Jersey Sports History Commission, and others. Significance On April 18, 1946 — opening day of the International League season — Robinson, the 26-year-old second baseman, took the field for the Montreal Royals against the Jersey City Giants, a Class AAA affiliate of the New York Giants, thus becoming the first African American player to break the baseball color line in the modern era of segregated professional baseball. The game took place at Jersey City's since-demolished Roosevelt Stadium (Droyer's Point at the foot of Danforth Avenue at Route 440). The Giants sold 52,000 tickets (more than double the stadium's capacity of 23,000). Robinson went on to have four hits including a 3-run homer, with 4 RBI, 4 runs scored, and 2 stolen bases in Montreal's 14–1 win. A year later, Robinson would again break the color line when he debuted with the Major League Baseball's Brooklyn Dodgers on April 15, 1947. See also A Handshake for the Century List of public art in Jersey City, New Jersey References External links HMDB marker Cultural depictions of Jackie Robinson Culture of Jersey City, New Jersey Outdoor sculptures in New Jersey Monuments and memorials in New Jersey 1998 sculptures Buildings and structures in Jersey City, New Jersey Tourist attractions in Jersey City, New Jersey Statues in New Jersey Sculptures of men in New Jersey 1998 establishments in New Jersey Public art in Jersey City, New Jersey African-American history of New Jersey Robinson, Jackie Sculptures of African Americans
Statue of Jackie Robinson (Jersey City)
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The 1947 Major League Baseball season, was contested from April 15 through October 6, 1947. The American League and National League both featured eight teams, with each team playing a 154-game schedule. The World Series was contested between the New York Yankees against the Brooklyn Dodgers, with the Yankees winning in seven games, capturing the 11th championship in franchise history. On April 15, Opening Day for the National League's Brooklyn Dodgers, Jackie Robinson was in the Dodgers' lineup, playing first base against the Boston Braves at Ebbets Field. His appearance in a major league game broke the baseball color line, the practice of excluding players of black African descent. Later in the season, Larry Doby debuted with the Cleveland Indians on July 5, becoming the first black player in the American League. Statistical leaders Standings American League National League Postseason Bracket Awards and honors Baseball Hall of Fame: Carl Hubbell; Frankie Frisch; Mickey Cochrane; Lefty Grove Most Valuable Player: Joe DiMaggio (AL); Bob Elliott (NL) Rookie of the Year: Jackie Robinson The Sporting News Player of the Year Award: Ted Williams (AL) – OF, Boston Red Sox The Sporting News Manager of the Year Award: Bucky Harris (AL) – New York Yankees Managers American League National League Home field attendance Events April–June April 15 – Major League Baseball's color line is officially broken when Jackie Robinson makes his Major League debut for the Brooklyn Dodgers against the Boston Braves at Ebbets Field. April 27 – It is Babe Ruth Day at Yankee Stadium. Despite having throat cancer, he speaks to the packed house, proclaiming, "The only real game, I think, in the world is baseball." June 18 – Ewell Blackwell pitches a no-hitter, leading the Cincinnati Reds to a 6–0 win over the Boston Braves. July–September July 5 – Larry Doby makes his debut for the Cleveland Indians, becoming the first black baseball player in the American League, and fully integrating Major League Baseball. July 8 – At Wrigley Field, home of the Chicago Cubs, the American League defeats the National League, 2–1, in the All-Star Game. July 10 – Cleveland Indians pitcher Don Black throws a no-hitter in a 3–0 win over the Philadelphia Athletics. July 19 – Hall of Fame Negro leagues player Willard Brown makes his major league debut with the St. Louis Browns. Brown would only appear in 21 games for St. Louis in his only major league season, batting .179 with one home run and six runs batted in. July 20 – With both Hank Thompson and Willard Brown in the starting line-up, the St. Louis Browns become the first major league club to field two black players at the same time. Both players play all nine innings of both games of a doubleheader with the Boston Red Sox. August 13 – The St. Louis Browns' Willard Brown clubs a pinch hit a two-run, inside-the-park homer against Detroit Tigers pitcher Hal Newhouser, to become the first African American player to hit a home run in
1947 Major League Baseball season
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Jackie Robinson (1919–1972) was the first African-American Major League Baseball player of the modern era. Jackie Robinson may also refer to: Jackie Robinson (basketball, born 1927), American basketball player in the 1948 Summer Olympics Jackie Robinson (basketball, born 1955), American professional basketball player and businessman Jackie Robinson (footballer) (1917–1972), British footballer who played for Sheffield Wednesday and Sunderland Jackie Robinson (musician), Jamaican singer and lead vocalist with The Pioneers Jackie Robinson (miniseries), a 2016 documentary film directed by Ken Burns See also Jack Robinson (disambiguation) John Robinson (disambiguation) Robinson, Jackie
Jackie Robinson (disambiguation)
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Matthew MacKenzie "Mack" Robinson (July 18, 1914 – March 12, 2000) was an American track and field athlete. He is best known for winning a silver medal in the 1936 Summer Olympics, where he broke the Olympic record in the 200 meters. He was the older brother of Baseball Hall of Fame member Jackie Robinson. Early life Mack was born in Cairo, Georgia, in 1914. He and his siblings were left fatherless at an early age, leaving their mother, Mallie Robinson, as the sole support of the children. She performed in a variety of manual labor tasks, and moved with her children to Pasadena, California, while the children were still young. At the start of middle school Mack was diagnosed with a heart murmur that got worse with age, and was advised to only play non-contact sports. He remained in town for school, and set national junior college records in the 100 meter, 200 meter, and long jump at Pasadena Junior College. 1936 Olympics He placed second in the 200 meters at the United States Olympic Trials in 1936, earning himself a place on the Olympic team. He went on to win the silver medal at the Summer Olympics in Berlin, finishing 0.4 seconds behind Jesse Owens. In 2016, the 1936 Olympic journey of the eighteen Black American athletes, including Robinson, was documented in the film Olympic Pride, American Prejudice. Later career and life Mack Robinson attended the University of Oregon, graduating in 1941. With Oregon he won numerous titles in NCAA, AAU and Pacific Coast Conference track meets. He has been honored as being one of the most distinguished graduates of the University of Oregon and is a member of the University of Oregon Hall of Fame and the Oregon Sports Hall of Fame. For a time in the early 1970s, Mack was a park director of Lemon Grove Park, a park in the East Hollywood part of the City of Los Angeles. Later in life, he was known for leading the fight against street crime in his home town of Pasadena. The Pasadena Robinson Memorial, dedicated to both Matthew and Jackie, was dedicated in 1997. The memorial statue of Jackie Robinson by sculptor Richard H. Ellis at UCLA Bruins baseball team's home Jackie Robinson Stadium, was installed by the efforts of Jackie's brother, Mack. Several locations are named in honor of Matthew Robinson. In addition to the Pasadena Robinson Memorial, the stadium of Pasadena City College was dedicated to him in 2000. That same year, the United States Postal Service approved naming the new post office in Pasadena the Matthew 'Mack' Robinson Post Office Building. Robinson died of complications from diabetes, kidney failure, and pneumonia, on March 12, 2000, at a hospital in Pasadena, California; he was 85. He is interred at Mountain View Cemetery and Mausoleum, Altadena, California. Notes References Matthew Robinson entry at infoplease.com Congressman Adam Schiff speech in honor of Matthew Robinson article "Jackie Robinson Remembered" at finarticles.com Rampersad, Arnold. Jackie Robinson, a Biography. New
Mack Robinson (athlete)
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The 2022 Youngstown State Penguins baseball team was a baseball team that represented Youngstown State University in the 2022 NCAA Division I baseball season. The Penguins were members of the Horizon League and played their home games at Eastwood Field in Niles, Ohio. They were led by sixth-year head coach Dan Bertolini. Previous season The Penguins finished the 2021 NCAA Division I baseball season 32–24 overall (24–16 conference) and third place in the conference standings. It was their first winning season since 2005, and their first thirty win season since 1995. Roster Schedule ! colspan=2 style="" | Regular season |- valign="top" |- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | 1 || February 18 || at || Radiology Associates Field at Jackie Robinson Ballpark • Daytona Beach, Florida || 1–3 || Lipthratt (1–0) || Snyder (0–1) || Vazquez (1) || 312 || 0–1 || – |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 2 || February 19 || at Bethune–Cookman || Radiology Associates Field at Jackie Robinson Ballpark • Daytona Beach, Florida || 7–6 || Perez (1–0) || Santos (0–1) || Ball (1) || 218 || 1–1 || – |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 3 || February 20 || at Bethune–Cookman || Radiology Associates Field at Jackie Robinson Ballpark • Daytona Beach, Florida || 10–9 || Brosky (1–0) || Gonzalez (0–1) || Ball (2) || 295 || 2–1 || – |- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | 4 || February 25 || at || E. S. Rose Park • Nashville, Tennessee || 1–3 || South (1–0) || Snyder (0–2) || Brennan (2) || 117 || 2–2 || – |- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | 5 || February 26 || at Belmont || E. S. Rose Park • Nashville, Tennessee || 0–4 || Perry (0–1) || Bean (2–0) || None || 120 || 2–3 || – |- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | 6 || February 26 || at Belmont || E. S. Rose Park • Nashville, Tennessee || 2–5 || Baratta (2–0) || Coles (0–1) || Brennan (3) || 120 || 2–4 || – |- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | 7 || February 27 || at Belmont || E. S. Rose Park • Nashville, Tennessee || 0–2 || Jenkins (1–0) || Brosky (1–1) || Brennan (4) || 130 || 2–5 || – |- |- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | 8 || March 4 || at || UTRGV Baseball Stadium • Edinburg, Texas || 4–6 || Stevens (2–0) || Snyder (0–3) || Gerik Jr. (1) || 1,591 || 2–6 || – |- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | 9 || March 5 || at Texas–Rio Grande Valley || UTRGV Baseball Stadium • Edinburg, Texas || 4–8 || Davis (2–0) || Ball (0–1) || None || 1,318 || 2–7 || – |- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | 10 || March 5 || at Texas–Rio Grande Valley || UTRGV Baseball Stadium • Edinburg, Texas || 8–11 || Rosenbaum (1–0) || Perez (0–1) || Balderrama Jr. (1) || 1,318 || 2–8 || – |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 11 || March 6 || at Texas–Rio Grande Valley || UTRGV Baseball Stadium • Edinburg, Texas || 3–2 || Marshalwitz (1–0) || Aldaz (0–1)
2022 Youngstown State Penguins baseball team
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The Jackie Robinson Foundation is a national, 501(c)(3) non-profit organization, which gives scholarships to minority youths for higher education, as well as preserves the legacy of Baseball Hall of Fame member Jackie Robinson. The foundation was founded by Rachel Robinson, the wife of Jackie, in 1973, a couple of months after his death. The foundation provides four-year college scholarships in conjunction with a comprehensive set of skills and opportunities to disadvantaged students of color to ensure their success in college and to develop their leadership potential. Its hands-on, four-year program includes peer and professional mentoring, internship placement, extensive leadership training, international travel and community service options, the conveyance of practical life skills, and myriad networking opportunities. The foundation's strategic combination of financial assistance and support services results in a nearly 100% college graduation rate. Since its founding, over 1,450 scholars have received scholarships. Support for the foundation comes from various sponsors. Among its supporters are Major League Baseball, the Los Angeles Dodgers, General Electric, Goldman Sachs, and Nike, Inc. Jackie Robinson Museum On April 27, 2017, the Jackie Robinson Foundation held a groundbreaking ceremony for the Jackie Robinson Museum, located at 75 Varick Street, in lower Manhattan, New York City, US. The foundation opened the museum on September 5, 2022 (Labor Day). ROBIE Award The foundation presents the ROBIE award, a tribute to an individual who has promoted and expanded opportunities for minorities in the corporate world. The 2016 awardees were Pittsburgh Steelers chairman Dan Rooney, founder of Bobbi Brown Cosmetics Bobbi Brown, and Vista Equity Partners chairman and chief executive officer Robert F. Smith. Previous honorees have included Mariano Rivera, Bruce Ratner, Thomas Tull, Henry Louis Gates, Tyler Perry, Paul Tagliabue, Sean Combs, Rita Moreno, Robert Redford, George Lucas, Robin Roberts, John D. Finnegan, Joe J. Plumeri, Hillary Clinton, John Thain, Michael Jordan, Ella Fitzgerald, Arthur Ashe, Pete Rozelle, Clive Davis, Magic Johnson, Dick Gregory, and Desmond Tutu. References External links Jackie Robinson Foundation official website Jackie Robinson Educational foundations in the United States Organizations established in 1973
Jackie Robinson Foundation
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The Austin Black Senators were a minor league Negro league baseball team based in Austin, Texas. The earliest known published reference to them came in April 1908, adopting the name of their white, Texas League counterparts. The team started as an independent, then joined the Texas Colored League in 1923 until 1926, continuing at least into the early 1940s and reportedly into the 1950s. The team "appeared in many exhibition games against nonleague competition and often played south of the border, where the players were treated as first-class citizens." Their most famous player was shortstop Willie Wells, an Austin native who played with the Black Senators briefly before going on to an internationally acclaimed career. His nickname, earned while playing in Mexico, was "El Diablo." One of only a handful of players to be inducted into the American, Mexican, and Cuban Baseball Halls of Fame, some believe he may have been the best shortstop who ever played the position. He is credited with inventing the batting helmet. Legend has it Wells taught Jackie Robinson how to turn a double play when they were both in Austin the summer before Robinson entered the big leagues. Another Hall of Famer who did a brief tour through the Austin club in 1931 was Hilton Smith, considered one of the best pitchers of his generation. In the early 1940s, the announcer for the Senators' home games was Lavada "Dr. Hepcat" Durst, who called the game using "jive" language and scat outbursts that reportedly drew fans independently of the team. This drew the attention of John Connally and Jake Pickle, who would become Texas Governor and Austin congressman, respectively, and they hired Durst at KVET as the first black DJ in Texas, possibly in the South. Where the Black Senators played is a matter of some dispute. In the late teens and early 1920s, Willie Wells told his biographer he watched the team play and later played himself at "Dobbs Field," which he identified as on Lake Austin Blvd west of town, near what today is Tom Miller Dam. In 1927, they reportedly moved to a baseball field owned by Samuel Huston College at the site of what today is Downs Field. It's unclear where the team played its home games after 1938, when the baseball diamond was demolished to build a high-school football stadium. In the 1940s, several reports have them playing at least some games at Disch Field, which was otherwise segregated and mostly used by white teams. It's likely the only games played at Disch were against visiting, barnstorming teams which drew mixed crowds. References Negro league baseball teams Defunct baseball teams in Texas Baseball teams in Austin, Texas Baseball teams disestablished in 1926 Baseball teams established in 1923
Austin Black Senators
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Paul Levern Bates (March 4, 1908 – February 21, 1995) was a United States Army officer. He served a distinguished and decorated career in the Army, which most notably included commanding the first black tank battalion to enter combat in World War II. He also became well known as the white colonel who refused to court-martial future Baseball Hall of Famer Jackie Robinson. Early life Bates was born in Los Angeles, California and graduated in 1931 from Western Maryland College, now McDaniel College, where he was a star football player and a member of the Reserve Officers Training Corps. Before being called to active duty in the Army as a first lieutenant in February 1941, Bates worked as a high school football coach and a teacher. World War II In January 1943, then Lieutenant Colonel Bates took command of the 761st Tank Battalion, all of whose enlisted men were black. The unit’s distinctive unit insignia had an image of a black panther head. When the unit completed training in rigidly segregated boot camps in Louisiana and Texas, Bates refused a promotion from lieutenant colonel that would have separated him from what he regarded as one of the best tank battalions in the Army. He was eventually promoted to colonel. While in Texas, Bates refused to court-martial a black officer who had refused to move to the rear of a bus at Fort Hood. That officer was Jackie Robinson, who was subsequently court-martialed for insubordination but not convicted. Robinson, who would go on to break the color barrier in Major League Baseball by signing with the Brooklyn Dodgers, praised Bates in his autobiography for his fairness and good judgment. The 761st entered combat in November 1944 as part of General George S. Patton's Third Army and fought for 183 consecutive days without relief, according to David Williams, a battalion veteran and the author of the novel Hit Hard. The battalion fought in France and then Germany, where it pierced the Siegfried Line, and in Belgium, where it fought the Germans in the Battle of the Bulge. The 761st also fought in Luxembourg and Austria. In all, the 761st Tank Battalion went from Vic-sur-Seille, France, to the Enns River in Steyr, Austria, where it linked up with the Soviet Army. The 761st inflicted thousands of casualties on the enemy and captured, destroyed or liberated more than 30 major towns, four airfields, three ammunition-supply dumps, 461 wheeled vehicles, 34 tanks, 113 large guns and a radio station. Ironically, Bates was the first member of the 761st to be wounded. Among its 687 enlisted men and 41 officers, 276 received the Purple Heart for wounds in action and 36 died in combat. During World War II, Bates was awarded the Silver Star and two Bronze Stars, in addition to the Purple Heart. In 1963, he was awarded the Legion of Merit when he retired from the Army, having served in combat commands in Europe, at the Command and General Staff College in Fort Leavenworth,
Paul L. Bates
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The United States Commemorative Coin Act of 1996 () is a United States federal law which established a commemorative coin program within the United States Mint in 1996. In addition, the law specifically authorized commemorative coins to observe the 150th anniversary of the death of Dolley Madison, to honor George Washington, the 125th anniversary of the establishment Yellowstone National Park, and the 50th anniversary of Jackie Robinson's racial desegregation of Major League Baseball. It also established commemorative coin fundraising programs for the Black Revolutionary War Patriots Memorial, Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial, and National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial. Title II of the act established a fund for the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Maintenance Fund. The goal of the fund was to maintain the memorial, add names to it as warranted, and to establish a scholarship program for family members of law enforcement officers killed in the line of duty. Title III of the act established a program to study whether a commemorative coin program should be established to honor all 50 U.S. states. Legislative history The first commemorative coin authorized by Congress was the George Washington 250th Anniversary silver half-dollar, released in 1982. By the mid-1990s, however, an ever-growing number of groups were pressing Congress to authorize more commemorative coins, even though no official mechanism for their design, minting, and sales existed within the United States Treasury. H.R. 1776 was introduced in the United States House of Representatives on June 7, 1995 by Representative Nancy Johnson (R-Connecticut). H.R. 1776 created a commemorative coin program at the U.S. Mint whose purpose was to help regulate the numerous requests for commemorative coins received by Congress each year. The legislation regulated the coin program It was referred to the House Committee on Banking and Financial Services. Two related bills were also introduced in the House. The first was the Dolley Madison Commemorative Coin Act (H.R. 1684), introduced on May 23, 1995, by Representative Thomas J. Bliley, Jr. (R-Virginia). The second was the George Washington Commemorative Coin Act (H.R. 2026), introduced on July 13, 1995, by Representative Thomas M. Davis (R-Virginia). The Johnson bill lay in committee until September 1996. The Dolley Madison and George Washington commemorative coin bills were merged into H.R. 1776 in subcommittee, and commemorative coin programs the Jackie Robinson, Yellowstone National Park, the Roosevelt Memorial, and the Law Enforcement Officers Memorial added as well. By the time the Subcommittee on Domestic and International Monetary Policy favorably forwarded the bill to the full committee, H.R. 1776 had more than 318 co-sponsors in the House. Since more than 90 percent of the members of the House supported the legislation, the bill was called for a vote on the House floor on the evening of September 17, 1996, and it passed by voice vote. H.R. 1776 was considered by the United States Senate on October 3, 1996. (There were no committee hearings.) Senator Alfonse D'Amato offered an amendment (S. Amdt. 5428) which added the Black Revolutionary War Patriots Memorial to those commemorative coin
United States Commemorative Coin Act of 1996
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Stealing Home: The Point of No Return is a bronze statue of baseball great Jackie Robinson which was unveiled outside Dodger Stadium on April 15, 2017, the 70th anniversary of Robinson's breaking of the color barrier in Major League Baseball. In 1947, Robinson become the first African-American to play in Major League Baseball during the modern era. He played for the Brooklyn Dodgers from 1947 to 1956 and was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962. His historical first is commemorated on Jackie Robinson Day each year. Background In 2015, the Los Angeles Dodgers announced that they would unveil the statue of Jackie Robinson at Dodger Stadium. Dodgers' president Stan Kasten commissioned what would become the first statue dedicated by the team and chose sculptor Branly Cadet to create the statue. The statue was unveiled on Jackie Robinson Day in 2017, 70 years after Robinson's debut, with Robinson's widow Rachel Robinson, then 97, and his children attending the ceremony. Statue description The sculpture weighs 800 pounds, and stands in the centerfield plaza of Dodger Stadium. It depicts Robinson stealing home plate, an act described by Cadet as "both real and symbolic; it required focused determination, courage and precise timing—synergistic qualities that were also present when the color barrier was finally broken in Major League Baseball, heralding a new era." There are three quotes by Robinson carved onto the base of the statue: "A life is not important except for the impact it has on other lives." "I'm not concerned with your liking or disliking me... All I ask is that you respect me as a human being." "There's not an American in this country free until every one of us is free." In front of the base, the inscription says: References 2017 sculptures Bronze sculptures in California Monuments and memorials in Los Angeles Outdoor sculptures in Greater Los Angeles Sculptures of men in California Statues in Los Angeles Statues of sportspeople Cultural depictions of Jackie Robinson Sculptures of African Americans
Stealing Home (statue)
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The Jackie Robinson Story is a 1950 biographical film directed by Alfred E. Green (who had directed The Jolson Story, "one of the biggest hits of the 40s") and starring Jackie Robinson as himself. The film focuses on Robinson's struggle with the abuse of bigots as he becomes the first African-American Major League Baseball player of the modern era. The film is in part based on Robinson's own autobiography, My Own Story. The film is among the list of films in the public domain in the United States. However a new copyrighted "restored and in color" version was released in conjunction with the Jackie Robinson Foundation in 2008. Plot The film begins with Robinson as a boy. He is given a worn-out baseball glove by a stranger impressed by his fielding skills. As a young man, he becomes a multi-sport star at UCLA, but as he nears graduation, he worries about his future. His older brother Mack was also an outstanding college athlete and graduate, but the only job he could get was that of a lowly street cleaner. When America enters World War II, Robinson is drafted, serving as an athletic director. Afterward, he plays baseball with a professional African-American team. However, the constant travel keeps him away from his college sweetheart. Then one day, Brooklyn Dodgers scout Clyde Sukeforth invites him to meet Branch Rickey, president of the Major League Baseball team. At first, Robinson considers the offer to be a practical joke, as African Americans are not allowed to play in the segregated major leagues. When he is convinced that the opportunity is genuine, he and Rickey size each other up. After thinking over Rickey's warning about the hatred and abuse he would have to endure without being able to strike back, Robinson signs with the Dodgers' International League farm team, the Montreal Royals. Though he wants to delay marrying Rae to shield her, she insists on an immediate wedding so she can support her man in the trying times ahead. Robinson leads the league in hitting in his first year, and despite the grave concerns expressed by the Commissioner of Major League Baseball, Rickey goes ahead and promotes him to the Dodgers. Reviled at first by many of the fans and some of his own teammates, Robinson gets off to a shaky start, playing out of position at first base and going through a hitting slump, but then gradually wins people over with his talent and determination. The team goes on to win the pennant, with Robinson driving in the tying run and scoring the winning run in the deciding game. Cast Jackie Robinson as Himself Ruby Dee as Rae Robinson Minor Watson as Branch Rickey Louise Beavers as Jackie's mother Richard Lane as Clay Hopper Harry Shannon as Frank Shaughnessy (listed as "Charlie" in the end credits) Ben Lessy as Shorty Bill Spaulding as Himself Billy Wayne as Clyde Sukeforth Joel Fluellen as Mack Robinson Bernie Hamilton as Ernie Kenny Washington as Tigers Manager Pat
The Jackie Robinson Story
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The 1949 Major League Baseball All-Star Game was the 16th annual midseason exhibition game for Major League Baseball all-stars between the American League (AL) and the National League (NL). The AL continued its early dominance of the Midsummer Classic with an 11–7 win at Ebbets Field in Brooklyn, New York City, home field of the NL's Brooklyn Dodgers. The win moved the AL's all-time record in the game to 12–4. The 1949 All-Star Game was the first to have African-Americans in the line-up. Jackie Robinson of the Dodgers started for the NL at second base, while his teammates catcher Roy Campanella and pitcher Don Newcombe also played for the NL. Cleveland Indians' outfielder Larry Doby played the final four innings of the game for the AL. Dodgers in the game The Dodgers hosted the game and were well-represented. Pee Wee Reese and Jackie Robinson were starting infielders for the NL. Ralph Branca, Don Newcombe, and Preacher Roe were on the pitching staff, while Roy Campanella and Gil Hodges were reserve position players. All of the Dodgers' representatives, with the exception of Branca, played in the game. Starting lineups Players in italics have since been inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame. American League Dom DiMaggio, rf George Kell, 3b Ted Williams, lf Joe DiMaggio, cf - starting in place of Tommy Henrich, due to injury Eddie Joost, ss Eddie Robinson, 1b Cass Michaels, 2b Birdie Tebbetts, c Mel Parnell, p Lou Brissie, p Vic Raschi, p Virgil Trucks, p National League Pee Wee Reese, ss Jackie Robinson, 2b Stan Musial, cf Ralph Kiner, lf Johnny Mize, 1b Willard Marshall, rf Eddie Kazak, 3b Andy Seminick, c Warren Spahn, p Umpires The umpires changed assignments in the middle of the fifth inning – Gore and Hubbard swapped positions, while Barlick left the game, Summers moved behind the plate, and Ballanfant move to third base. This was the first All-Star Game to field a 6-man umpiring crew, although after Barlick's departure the remainder of the game was played without an umpire in right field. Synopsis The starting pitchers were Mel Parnell of the Boston Red Sox for the AL, and Warren Spahn of the Boston Braves for the NL. The AL opened a high scoring game in the top of the 1st inning; with a man on first (who reached on an error) and two outs, a sequence of single-walk-single-error-single pushed across 4 runs. The NL got 2 runs back in the bottom of the inning, with a double from Jackie Robinson followed by a home run by Stan Musial. In the bottom of the 2nd, the NL cut the AL's lead to 4–3; with bases loaded and no outs, Don Newcombe hit a lineout to left field that Willard Marshall scored on, but the NL was unable to score more as the next batter grounded into a double play. The NL then pulled ahead 5–4 by scoring twice in the bottom of the third, on two walks and three singles
1949 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
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Jackie or Jacky is a given name or nickname for both males and females, originally a pet form of Jack, John, Jacques, Jacqueline, etc. People Men Jackie Bradley Jr. (born 1990), American Major League Baseball player Jackie Chan (born 1954), Hong Kong martial artist, actor, film director, producer, stuntman, and singer. Jacky Cheung (born 1961), Hong Kong singer-songwriter and actor John Jackie Cooper (1922–2011), American actor and TV producer Jackie Davis (1920–1999), American jazz singer, organist and bandleader Jacky Duguépéroux (born 1948), French football manager and former player Jacky Durand (born 1967), French retired road bicycle racer Jacques Fatton (1925–2011), Swiss footballer Jackie Fields (born Jacob Finkelstein, 1908–1984), American world and Olympic champion boxer John Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher (1841–1920), British admiral Jackie Earle Haley (born 1961), American actor John Jackie Gleason (1916–1987), American comedian and actor Jacques Jacky Ickx (born 1945), Belgian racing driver Jacky Ido (born 1977), Burkinabe-born French actor Jackie Lee (country singer) (born 1991), American country music singer-songwriter Jack Jacky Lee (1938–2016), American Football League and National Football League quarterback Jacques Lemée (born 1946), French retired football player and manager John Jackie Lomax (1944–2013), English singer-songwriter and guitarist Jackie Mason, American comedian and actor born Yacov Moshe Maza (1928–2021) Jacky Mathijssen (born 1963), Dutch football manager and former player Jackie Milburn, (1924–1988) English football player Jacques Jacky Munaron (born 1956), Belgian former football goalkeeper John Jackie McLean (1931–2006), American saxophonist and composer John Jackie McNamara Sr. (born 1952), Scottish retired footballer Jackie McNamara (born 1973), Scottish footballer, son of the above Jacky Planchard (born 1947), French retired football player and manager Jack Jackie Robinson (1919–1972), American Hall-of-Fame baseball player who broke the color barrier in Major League Baseball Robert Lloyd Jackson Jackie Robinson (basketball, born 1927), American basketball player in the 1948 Summer Olympics Jackie Robinson (basketball, born 1955), American professional basketball player John Jackie Robinson (footballer) (1917–1972), British footballer who played for Sheffield Wednesday and Sunderland Jackie Shroff (born 1957), Indian film actor Jackie Robinson (musician), Jamaican singer and lead vocalist with The Pioneers John Jackie Stewart (born 1939), Scottish racing driver Jackie Vernon (born Ralph Verrone, 1924-1987), American comedian and actor who voiced Frosty the Snowman in two animated TV specials Jackie Wallace (born 1951), American professional football player Jack Jackie Wilson (1934–1984), American soul singer-songwriter and performer Women Jackie Brambles, British journalist, radio DJ and television presenter Jacqueline Jackie Burroughs, English-born Canadian actress Jacky Cullum Chisholm, American gospel singer born Jacqueline Cullum (born 1948) Jackie Coakley, University of Virginia student behind false rape allegations in retracted Rolling Stone article A Rape on Campus Jacqueline Jackie Collins (1937–2015), British romance novelist Jackie Davis (writer) (born 1963), New Zealand author, poet, and playwright Jackie DeShannon, American singer-songwriter Jacqueline Jackie Emerson, American actress and singer Jacqueline Jackie Evancho (born 2000), American classical crossover singer Jacky Fleming (born 1955), cartoonist Jackie Francois, American Christian musician Jacqueline Jackie French (born 1953), Australian author Jacquelyn Jackie Gayda, American wrestler Jackie Guerrido, Puerto Rican television weather forecaster and journalist Jackie
Jackie (given name)
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In the Year of the Boar and Jackie Robinson is a children's novel by Bette Bao Lord and illustrator Marc Simont about a young girl named Shirley Temple Wong who leaves a secure life within her clan in China following World War II. In 1947, the Year of the Boar, Sixth Cousin, also known as Bandit, leaves China with her parents for a new beginning in America. Proud of the American name that she chose herself, Shirley Temple Wong is optimistic that her new home will be the land of many opportunities. But it's harder than she expected. Though her classmates in Brooklyn come from a variety of backgrounds, Shirley is the only one who doesn't speak English, and she worries that she will never have a friend. Then she gets in a fight with Mabel, the tallest, scariest girl in the fifth grade. Though Shirley winds up with two black eyes, she is faithful to the code of childhood and doesn't tell anyone what happened. Her silence gains her the respect and friendship of Mabel, who gives her the gift that truly changes her life: baseball. Soon Shirley is the biggest Brooklyn Dodgers fan of all, listening to the radio to hear the triumphs and heartbreaks of the team and her hero, Jackie Robinson. Meanwhile, she takes piano lessons from her landlord, Señora Rodriguez, and saves money by baby-sitting Mrs. O'Reilly's triplets. She begins to feel at home, and yet deep within herself Shirley discovers that she wants to hold on to her memories of China, and the knowledge that she is Chinese inside, as well as American. She can be both — a "double happiness." However, when Shirley is sad, there is always someone painting. References 1984 American novels 1984 children's books Literature by Chinese-American women Books illustrated by Marc Simont American children's novels Children's historical novels Novels about immigration to the United States Novels set in New York City Harper & Row books Chinese-American novels Children's books about immigration Children's books set in New York City Children's books about baseball Children's books set in the 1940s
In the Year of the Boar and Jackie Robinson
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The US congressional testimony by Jackie Robinson, the first African-American Major League Baseball player of the modern era, against the famous entertainer and international civil rights activist Paul Robeson, was an American Cold War incident. Its events were precipitated when, at an international student peace conference held in Paris on April 20, 1949, Robeson allegedly made a speech to the effect that African Americans would not support the United States in a war with the Soviet Union, due to continued second-class citizen status under United States law. This subsequent controversy caused the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) to investigate Robeson and Robinson, as a famed African-American baseball player, was called on to impugn Robeson. Robeson's advocacy for Stalinism Paul Robeson's post World War II persecution by J. Edgar Hoover's FBI and the political right in the U.S. was, in part, due to his vocal support for the Soviet Union, which was a cause célèbre among well-known artists and scientists during the 1930s and 1940s. He had been particularly impressed by the absence of negative racial attitudes towards him during his visits to the Soviet Union. During the Cold War years the United States and the Soviet Union became fierce competitors as the two emerging superpowers. In the 1950s, McCarthyism and the Red Scare dominated the headlines, and many artists, scientists or academics with leftist affiliations who failed to denounce communism became unemployabled and blacklisted. Robinson was reluctant to testify to HUAC on these matters, in part because of Robeson's prior advocacy on behalf of integration in professional baseball. Among other things, at the annual winter meeting of baseball owners in December 1943, Robeson became the first black man to address baseball owners on the subject of integration. At this meeting, he argued that baseball, as a national game, had an obligation to ensure segregation did not become a national pattern. The owners gave Robeson a round of applause and, after the meeting, Baseball Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis remarked that there was no rule on the books denying blacks entry into the league. As such, Robeson had done much to pave the way for Jackie Robinson's entry into major league baseball, just over three years later. Statement to the House Committee on Un-American Activities According to Jackie Robinson, in 1949 he struggled with his decision to testify against Robeson to HUAC. Technically, Robinson was not required to testify, but he believed there would be repercussions if he did not. In July 1949, Robinson eventually agreed to testify before HUAC, fearing that declining to do so might negatively and permanently damage not only his career but also the future integration of professional athletics. His testimony was a major media event, with Robinson's carefully worded statement appearing on the front page of The New York Times the following day. In the statement – prepared with the help of Branch Rickey, who in order to facilitate the testimony, released Robinson from a prior agreement not to make any political statements during his baseball
Paul Robeson congressional hearings
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Below is a list of Grand Marshals of the Rose Parade. This is an honorary position selected by the president of the Pasadena Tournament of Roses Association. Many marshals are picked for a relationship to the theme that is also picked by the president. Traditionally, the Grand Marshal of the Rose Parade also participates in the coin toss during the Rose Bowl Game. History The 2022 Rose Parade and Rose Bowl game was led by Grand Marshal LeVar Burton, while 2023's event was led by former congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords. 2020 featured three Grand Marshals: legendary Oscar, Emmy, Grammy and Tony Award-winning actress and singer Rita Moreno, Olympic gymnast Laurie Hernández & Firefly star Gina Torres. However, the next year no Rose Parade was held due to the ongoing COVID pandemic. It marked the first time such a thing happened in 130 years. Ten-time Grammy Award winner Chaka Khan was chosen by Tournament of Roses Association president Gerald Freeny as the Grand Marshal for the 2019 Rose Parade and Rose Bowl Game. Actor and humanitarian Gary Sinise was chosen as the 2018 Tournament of Roses Grand Marshal by its president Lance Tibbet on October 30, 2017. Sinise is known for playing the role of Lt. Dan Taylor in Forrest Gump. The Disney family is the only family to have more than one member serve as Grand Marshal: Walt Disney was the 1966 Grand Marshal, then his nephew Roy E. Disney held the post in 2000. Additionally, Mickey Mouse was the grand marshal for the 2005 parade. A number of years have featured multiple grand marshals, with the most in one parade being 1952, when seven Medal of Honor recipients were the grand marshals. Dr. Francis F. Rowland has been the grand marshal more than any other person - a total of seven times, in 1890, 1892, 1894, 1904, 1905, 1910 (this year sharing this duty with Prof. Charles F. Holder), and 1916. Former child actress Shirley Temple Black holds the runner-up position, having been grand marshal three times in 1939, 1989 and 1999, the latter year where she shared this honor with astronaut Buzz Aldrin, baseball player Jackie Robinson (who was also the first ever posthumous grand marshal) and film producer David L. Wolper. On May 9, 2014, Louis Zamperini was selected as the Grand Marshal for the 2015 Tournament of Roses Parade, though he died of pneumonia two months later, and six months before the parade was set to begin. Rather than select a new Grand Marshal, the Tournament announced that it was "committed to honoring him as the Grand Marshal of the 2015 Rose Parade," making him the first posthumous grand marshal since Jackie Robinson in 1999. At the parade, the formal honour was given to son Luke Zamperini (with his wife Lisa son Clay) and daughter Cynthia Garris (with her husband Mike). On November 3, 2016, the 2017 Grand Marshals were revealed to be three Olympic athletes: Greg Louganis, Janet Evans and Allyson Felix. The Olympians were deliberately
Grand Marshals of the Rose Parade
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Brooklyn Dodgers: Ghosts of Flatbush is a 2007 documentary film produced by HBO Sports chronicling the last ten years of the Brooklyn Dodgers' tenure in the borough of churches. The film documents how in 1947 Jackie Robinson broke the baseball racial barrier in previously segregated major league, the struggles to win what seemed an unreachable World Series title in 1955, and the issues and community feelings involved in the team's sudden departure to Los Angeles after the 1957 campaign. The documentary focuses on the Brooklyn community's identification with the ball club, and with the perennial "wait till next year" attitude of both players and fans associated with the Dodgers' repeated inability to defeat the "upper class" New York Yankees for the World Series title, despite winning several pennants. The Brooklyn players, many of whom lived within and held off-season jobs in the community, were identified with the working-class people. The film portrays the countless agonies, defeats, prayers and tension leading to the World Series title in 1955. President and general manager Branch Rickey is attributed with the development of the club through his baseball acumen and experience, and several of his innovations, such as the farm system, pitching machines, batting cages, and his decision to integrate the team. Rickey manages some Brooklyn players' resistance to integration and prepares Jackie Robinson for the portrayed shocking reactions from other teams and fans. Jackie's widow Rachel Robinson also discusses these trying times from the Robinsons' point of view. Robinson must pass through a period of isolation prior to being accepted. Walter O'Malley gains majority ownership of the team and then, following Rickey's departure, total control. With the mass movement of paying fans to the suburbs, inadequate parking and the outdated and dilapidated Ebbets Field leads to O'Malley's failed attempts to convince the power broker Robert Moses, New York City Construction Coordinator, to condemn an O'Malley's chosen Brooklyn property, nearer to transportation infrastructure, for the purpose of building a new geodesic domed stadium. During their last two years in Brooklyn, O'Malley even had the Dodgers play several games each year at Roosevelt Stadium in Jersey City, New Jersey to force Moses to acquiesce and allow a new stadium to be built. Moses planned to build a stadium at an alternative location in Queens, that eventually came to fruition in the form of Shea Stadium. The failure to reach an agreement, and offers from the municipality of Los Angeles, leads to New York's loss not only of the Dodgers. O'Malley convinces majority owner, Horace Stoneham of their perennial rival New York Giants, to also move to the west coast. The film records several of Brooklyn's old fans demonizing O'Malley, whose decision to move the team gains him a free grant of 350 acres within the city of Los Angeles, where he builds his dream stadium & prospers. The documentary omits Don Larson's Perfect Game in the 1956 World Series, as well as Roy Camapanella's automobile accident in 1958, which left him paralyzed from the shoulders
Brooklyn Dodgers: Ghosts of Flatbush
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The Jackie Robinson Museum is a museum and educational center on Varick Street in Manhattan that honors the legacy of Jackie Robinson. The museum, the city's first to primarily focus on the Civil Rights Movement, opened in 2022 after more than fourteen years of planning and construction. The museum's collection includes more than four thousand artifacts, most from the Robinson family's own collection, highlighted by Robinson’s original National Baseball Hall of Fame plaque. The museum, which also showcases Robinson's civil rights work, is operated by the Jackie Robinson Foundation. References External links 2022 establishments in the United States Jackie Robinson Baseball in New York City Baseball museums and halls of fame Museums established in 2022 Museums in Manhattan Sports in Manhattan Sports museums in New York City
Jackie Robinson Museum
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Marvin Eugene Rackley (July 25, 1921 – April 24, 2018) was an American baseball player who was an outfielder in Major League Baseball. He played from 1947 to 1950 with the Brooklyn Dodgers, Pittsburgh Pirates, and Cincinnati Reds. He appeared in the 1949 World Series as a member of the Dodgers. Career Rackley was born in Seneca, South Carolina. He signed with the Dodgers in 1941, at the age of 19. In his first professional season, he hit .322 in the Georgia–Florida League. After the 1942 season, Rackley enlisted in the Army Air Force. He spent three years in the service and also played some semi-pro baseball. In 1946, Rackley was discharged and returned to organized baseball. The Dodgers sent him to the Montreal Royals of the International League, where he was teammates with Jackie Robinson in Robinson's first minor league season. While Robinson was the star of the team, Rackley also played well, batting .305 and leading the league in triples (14) and stolen bases (64). Montreal won the pennant and the Junior World Series. After the season, Robinson hired Rackley to play on the Jackie Robinson All-Stars exhibition team. Rackley joined the Dodgers in 1947. He made his major league debut as a pinch-runner on April 15, in the same game that Jackie Robinson made his debut as the starting first baseman. Rackley would be the last surviving player from either team in that game. In 18 games in 1947, Rackley batted .222. He finished the season in the American Association. Rackley then rejoined Brooklyn in 1948 and had his best major league campaign, hitting .327 in 88 games. On May 1, 1949, he was traded to Pittsburgh for first baseman Johnny Hopp. But after three weeks with the Pirates (during which Rackley appeared in 11 games played and batted .314), the trade was voided on June 7 and Rackley went back to the Dodgers. He was purchased by Cincinnati in October, for $60,000. He played five games for them in 1950 before going to the Pacific Coast League's Seattle Rainiers. Over the next several years, Rackley also played in the Southern Association and the International League. He retired in 1955 and died in April 2018 at the age of 96. References External links 1921 births 2018 deaths Atlanta Crackers managers Atlanta Crackers players Baltimore Orioles (International League) players Baseball players from Oconee County, South Carolina Birmingham Barons players Brooklyn Dodgers players Cincinnati Reds players Dayton Ducks players Durham Bulls players Major League Baseball center fielders Minor league baseball managers Montreal Royals players People from Seneca, South Carolina Pittsburgh Pirates players Richmond Virginians (minor league) players St. Paul Saints (AA) players Seattle Rainiers players United States Army Air Forces personnel of World War II Valdosta Trojans players Baseball coaches from South Carolina
Marv Rackley
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Elections to the Baseball Hall of Fame for 1962 followed a new system for even-number years. Since 1956 the Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA) and Veterans Committee had alternated in their duties, but the BBWAA, voting by mail to select from recent major league players, had elected no one for 1958 and no one for 1960. Now there would be a second, "runoff" election in case of no winner. At the same time, the Veterans Committee resumed meeting annually to consider executives, managers, umpires, and earlier major league players. The provision for a runoff was not necessary for this election, as the writers elected two new candidates on their first ballot, Bob Feller and Jackie Robinson. The Veterans Committee selected Bill McKechnie and Edd Roush, both of whom were still alive to be interviewed and invited to the induction ceremonies. A formal induction ceremony was held in Cooperstown, New York, on July 23, 1962, with Commissioner of Baseball Ford Frick presiding. BBWAA election The BBWAA was authorized to elect players active in 1932 or later, but not after 1956. All 10-year members of the BBWAA were eligible to vote. Voters were instructed to cast their votes for up to 10 candidates; any candidate receiving votes on at least 75% of the ballots would be honored with induction to the Hall. Results of the 1962 election by the BBWAA were announced on January 23. A total of 78 players received votes; 160 ballots were cast, with 120 votes required for election. A total of 1,090 individual votes were cast, an average of 6.81 per ballot—the first election to average fewer than 8 votes per ballot, and a record low which would stand until 1987 (6.61 votes per ballot). Eligible for the final time were: Sam Rice, Eppa Rixey, Burleigh Grimes, Hack Wilson, Kiki Cuyler, Red Faber, Jim Bottomley, Lefty Gomez, Waite Hoyt, Heinie Manush, Goose Goslin, Lefty O'Doul, Tony Lazzeri, Chick Hafey, Freddie Lindstrom, Earle Combs, Jimmie Dykes, Jimmie Wilson, Earl Averill, Jesse Haines, Charlie Grimm, Firpo Marberry, Wes Ferrell, Freddie Fitzsimmons, Travis Jackson, George Kelly, Red Rolfe, Luke Sewell, Riggs Stephenson and Glenn Wright. Many of the above candidates would lose eligibility before the 1964 election due to a rule change affecting the retirement qualifications of those voted on by the BBWAA. While the BBWAA had previously been able to consider those who had been retired between 5 and 30 seasons, after this election the BBWAA were to consider those who had been retired between 5 and 20 seasons. Among the candidates who were affected by this rule change and would not appear on the 1964 BBWAA ballot, the top two vote receivers (Sam Rice and Eppa Rixey) were elected by the Veterans Committee in 1963. Candidates who were eligible for the first time are indicated with a dagger (†). References External links 1962 election at www.baseballhalloffame.org Baseball Hall of Fame balloting Hall of Fame balloting Jackie Robinson
1962 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting