Context: why is this direction given importance?

Context: what does this term in quotes mean?

Context: how should a person conduct themselves when visiting this place?

Context: Aside from being as clean as they are for prayer, male Muslims are expected to refrain from cutting their nails, and trimming their hair and beards. They must also not wear any scent, including deodorant. They have to wear "ihram" clothing, which is a white, seamless garment

Question: can you explain the holy place mentioned above that has the sacred mosque?

Answer: Makkah, officially Makkah al-Mukarramah  and commonly shortened to Mecca, is the holiest city in Islam and the capital of the Makkah Province of Saudi Arabia

Explanation: Makkah, officially Makkah al-Mukarramah () and commonly shortened to Mecca, is the holiest city in Islam and the capital of the Makkah Province of Saudi Arabia.


Context: the hajj was a turning point in muslim history

Context: The qibla  is the direction towards the Kaaba in the Sacred Mosque in Mecca, which is used by Muslims in various religious contexts, particularly the direction of prayer for the salah and hajj pilgrimage

Context: why is this direction given importance?

Context: It  is also the direction for entering the "ihram"

Context: what does this term in quotes mean?

Context: It is a sacred state which a Muslim must enter in order to perform the major pilgrimage or the minor pilgrimage

Context: can you explain the holy place mentioned above that has the sacred mosque?

Context: Makkah, officially Makkah al-Mukarramah  and commonly shortened to Mecca, is the holiest city in Islam and the capital of the Makkah Province of Saudi Arabia

Question: how did this place get its name?

Answer: The etymology of Makkah is obscure, widely believed to be a synonym for Makkah, it is said to be more specifically the early name for the valley located therein, while Muslim scholars generally use it to refer to the sacred area of the city that immediately surrounds and includes the Ka'bah

Explanation: Makkah has been referred to by many names. As with many Arabic words, the etymology of Makkah is obscure. Widely believed to be a synonym for Makkah, it is said to be more specifically the early name for the valley located therein, while Muslim scholars generally use it to refer to the sacred area of the city that immediately surrounds and includes the Ka'bah.


Context: why is this direction given importance?

Context: what does this term in quotes mean?

Context: how did this place get its name?

Context: The etymology of Makkah is obscure, widely believed to be a synonym for Makkah, it is said to be more specifically the early name for the valley located therein, while Muslim scholars generally use it to refer to the sacred area of the city that immediately surrounds and includes the Ka'bah

Question: why is this place important to the religion?

Answer: Because the city derives its importance from the role it plays in the Hajj and 'Umrah

Explanation: Makkah holds an important place in Islam and is the holiest city in all branches of the religion. The city derives its importance from the role it plays in the Hajj and 'Umrah.


Context: why is this direction given importance?

Context: what does this term in quotes mean?

Context: how did this place get its name?

Context: why is this place important to the religion?

Context: Because the city derives its importance from the role it plays in the Hajj and 'Umrah

Question: how was the direction for prayers found in historic days?

Answer: Historical records and surviving old mosques show that throughout history the qibla was often determined by simple methods based on tradition or "folk science" not based on mathematical astronomy

Explanation: Historical records and surviving old mosques show that throughout history the qibla was often determined by simple methods based on tradition or "folk science" not based on mathematical astronomy.


Context: why is this direction given importance?

Context: what does this term in quotes mean?

Context: how did this place get its name?

Context: how was the direction for prayers found in historic days?

Context: Historical records and surviving old mosques show that throughout history the qibla was often determined by simple methods based on tradition or "folk science" not based on mathematical astronomy

Question: are there any special gadgets that are used?

Answer: Qibla compass is one of them

Explanation: Muslims use various instruments to find the qibla direction when not near a mosque. The qibla compass is a magnetic compass which includes a table or a list of qibla angles from major settlements. Some electronic versions use satellite coordinates to calculate and indicate the qibla automatically. Qibla compasses have existed since around 1300, supplemented by the list of qibla angles often written on the instruments themselves. Hotel rooms with Muslim guests may use a sticker showing the qibla on the ceiling or a drawer. With the advent of computing, various mobile apps and websites use formulae to calculate the qibla for their users.


Context: why is this direction given importance?

Context: what does this term in quotes mean?

Context: how did this place get its name?

Context: are there any special gadgets that are used?

Context: Qibla compass is one of them

Question: who founded the religion mentioned above?

Answer: Muhammad

Explanation: Muhammad (, ; c. 570 CE – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam.


Context: why is this direction given importance?

Context: what does this term in quotes mean?

Context: how did this place get its name?

Context: Qibla compass is one of them

Context: who founded the religion mentioned above?

Context: Muhammad

Question: what are the teachings of faith followed by the followers of this religion?

Answer: Faith  in the Islamic creed  is often represented as the six articles of faith, notably mentioned in the Hadith of Gabriel, belief in these articles is necessary

Explanation: Faith ("iman") in the Islamic creed ("aqidah") is often represented as the six articles of faith, notably mentioned in the Hadith of Gabriel. Belief in these articles is necessary and obligatory upon all Muslims.


Context: why is this direction given importance?

Context: what does this term in quotes mean?

Context: how did this place get its name?

Context: Qibla compass is one of them

Context: Muhammad

Context: what are the teachings of faith followed by the followers of this religion?

Context: Faith  in the Islamic creed  is often represented as the six articles of faith, notably mentioned in the Hadith of Gabriel, belief in these articles is necessary

Question: how did the person mentioned above die?

Answer: He fell ill and died

Explanation: In 632, a few months after returning from the Farewell Pilgrimage, he fell ill and died.


Context: why is this direction given importance?

Context: what does this term in quotes mean?

Context: how should a person conduct themselves when visiting this place?

Context: Aside from being as clean as they are for prayer, male Muslims are expected to refrain from cutting their nails, and trimming their hair and beards. They must also not wear any scent, including deodorant. They have to wear "ihram" clothing, which is a white, seamless garment

Context: how did this place get its name?

Context: Qibla compass is one of them

Context: Muhammad

Context: how did the person mentioned above die?

Context: He fell ill and died

Question: did he face any struggles in spreading his belief?

Answer: War would later break out between the people of Mecca and the Muslims

Explanation: Following the emigration, the people of Mecca seized property of Muslim emigrants to Medina. War would later break out between the people of Mecca and the Muslims. Muhammad delivered Quranic verses permitting Muslims to fight the Meccans (see sura Al-Hajj, Quran ).


Question: who is paul nahaolelua?

Answer: He was a Hawaiian high chief who served many political posts in the Kingdom of Hawaii.

Explanation: was a Hawaiian high chief who served many political posts in the Kingdom of Hawaii


Context: who is paul nahaolelua?

Context: He was a Hawaiian high chief who served many political posts in the Kingdom of Hawaii.

Question: what were some of the posts he served?

Answer: District magistrate, circuit judge on Maui, royal postmaster, royal governor etc

Explanation: district magistrate


Context: who is paul nahaolelua?

Context: what were some of the posts he served?

Context: District magistrate, circuit judge on Maui, royal postmaster, royal governor etc

Question: which year was he born?

Answer: September 11, 1806

Explanation: September 11, 1806


Context: who is paul nahaolelua?

Context: what were some of the posts he served?

Context: which year was he born?

Context: September 11, 1806

Question: which educational institution did he attend?

Answer: Lahainaluna Seminary

Explanation: Lahainaluna Seminary


Context: who is paul nahaolelua?

Context: what were some of the posts he served?

Context: which year was he born?

Context: September 11, 1806

Context: which educational institution did he attend?

Context: Lahainaluna Seminary

Question: who was he married to?

Answer: Helekunihi

Explanation: Helekunihi


Context: who is paul nahaolelua?

Context: what were some of the posts he served?

Context: which year was he born?

Context: September 11, 1806

Context: Lahainaluna Seminary

Context: who was he married to?

Context: Helekunihi

Question: can you name a few people he was associated with during his political career?

Answer: James Kānehoa Young and Kamehameha V

Explanation: James Kānehoa Young


Context: who is paul nahaolelua?

Context: what were some of the posts he served?

Context: which year was he born?

Context: September 11, 1806

Context: Lahainaluna Seminary

Context: who was he married to?

Context: Helekunihi

Context: can you name a few people he was associated with during his political career?

Context: James Kānehoa Young and Kamehameha V

Question: who is the first person mentioned above?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: who is paul nahaolelua?

Context: what were some of the posts he served?

Context: which year was he born?

Context: September 11, 1806

Context: Lahainaluna Seminary

Context: who was he married to?

Context: Helekunihi

Context: James Kānehoa Young and Kamehameha V

Context: who is the first person mentioned above?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: and who is the second person mentioned?

Answer: He reigned as the fifth monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii.

Explanation: reigned as the fifth monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi


Context: who is paul nahaolelua?

Context: what were some of the posts he served?

Context: which year was he born?

Context: September 11, 1806

Context: Lahainaluna Seminary

Context: who was he married to?

Context: Helekunihi

Context: James Kānehoa Young and Kamehameha V

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: and who is the second person mentioned?

Context: He reigned as the fifth monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii.

Question: in which years did he reign?

Answer: 1863 to 1872

Explanation: 1863 to 1872


Context: who is paul nahaolelua?

Context: what were some of the posts he served?

Context: which year was he born?

Context: September 11, 1806

Context: Lahainaluna Seminary

Context: who was he married to?

Context: Helekunihi

Context: James Kānehoa Young and Kamehameha V

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: and who is the second person mentioned?

Context: in which years did he reign?

Context: 1863 to 1872

Question: what was his contributions for the constitution and law?

Answer: He proposed a new constitution rather than amending the old one and the laws against kahunaism were repealed.

Explanation: he proposed a new constitution rather than amending the old one.


Question: when was arsenal first fa cup win and who did they defeat

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: when was arsenal first fa cup win and who did they defeat

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: which team won the aforementioned cup in 1927?

Answer: Cardiff City

Explanation: Cardiff, one of the few Welsh teams taking part, won the match 1–0.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which team won the aforementioned cup in 1927?

Context: Cardiff City

Question: what is their home stadium called?

Answer: Cardiff City Stadium

Explanation: Cardiff's first permanent ground was Ninian Park, opened in 1910; it remained in use for 99 years until the club moved into the Cardiff City Stadium in 2009.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Cardiff City

Context: what is their home stadium called?

Context: Cardiff City Stadium

Question: which team did they beat to win this trophy?

Answer: Arsenal

Explanation: The 1927 FA Cup Final was an association football match between Cardiff City and Arsenal on 23 April 1927 at the Empire Stadium (the original Wembley Stadium). The final was the showpiece match of English football's primary cup competition, the Football Association Challenge Cup (FA Cup), organised by the Football Association. Cardiff, one of the few Welsh teams taking part, won the match 1–0.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Cardiff City

Context: what is their home stadium called?

Context: Cardiff City Stadium

Context: which team did they beat to win this trophy?

Context: Arsenal

Question: who was the manager of this club you just mentioned?

Answer: Herbert Chapman

Explanation: Arsenal manager Herbert Chapman held a press conference on 21 April where he announced that Horace Cope was injured and would be unable to play at left back.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Cardiff City

Context: what is their home stadium called?

Context: Cardiff City Stadium

Context: Arsenal

Context: who was the manager of this club you just mentioned?

Context: Herbert Chapman

Question: as a manager, which team did he start with?

Answer: Northampton Town

Explanation: Instead, he found success as a manager, first at Northampton Town between 1908 and 1912, whom he led to a Southern League title.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Cardiff City

Context: what is their home stadium called?

Context: Cardiff City Stadium

Context: Arsenal

Context: Herbert Chapman

Context: as a manager, which team did he start with?

Context: Northampton Town

Question: what are some of his major contributions to modern day football?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Question: where do birds go when they fly south

Answer: The southern oceans.

Explanation: The Arctic tern holds the long-distance migration record for birds, travelling between Arctic breeding grounds and the Antarctic each year. Some species of tubenoses (Procellariiformes) such as albatrosses circle the earth, flying over the southern oceans,


Context:
where do birds go when they fly south
The southern oceans.

Question: what is this phenomenon called?

Answer: It is the regular seasonal movement, often north and south along a flyway, between breeding and wintering grounds.

Explanation: Bird migration is the regular seasonal movement, often north and south along a flyway, between breeding and wintering grounds. Many species of bird migrate.


Context: where do birds go when they fly south

Context: The southern oceans.

Context: what is this phenomenon called?

Context: It is the regular seasonal movement, often north and south along a flyway, between breeding and wintering grounds.

Question: do changes in climate affect this migration?

Answer: Yes, large scale climatic changes are expected to have an effect on the timing of migration.

Explanation: Large scale climatic changes are expected to have an effect on the timing of migration.


Context: where do birds go when they fly south

Context: The southern oceans.

Context: what is this phenomenon called?

Context: do changes in climate affect this migration?

Context: Yes, large scale climatic changes are expected to have an effect on the timing of migration.

Question: are there any scientists who observed or studied this phenomenon?

Answer: Yes, Johannes Leche.

Explanation: Early studies on the timing of migration began in 1749 in Finland, with Johannes Leche of Turku collecting the dates of arrivals of spring migrants.


Context: where do birds go when they fly south

Context: The southern oceans.

Context: what is this phenomenon called?

Context: are there any scientists who observed or studied this phenomenon?

Context: Yes, Johannes Leche.

Question: historically, what were some of the views on this phenomenon?

Answer: Aristotle noted that cranes traveled from the steppes of Scythia to marshes at the headwaters of the Nile.

Explanation: Aristotle noted that cranes traveled from the steppes of Scythia to marshes at the headwaters of the Nile. Pliny the Elder, in his "Historia Naturalis", repeats Aristotle's observations.


Context: where do birds go when they fly south

Context: The southern oceans.

Context: what is this phenomenon called?

Context: Yes, Johannes Leche.

Context: historically, what were some of the views on this phenomenon?

Context: Aristotle noted that cranes traveled from the steppes of Scythia to marshes at the headwaters of the Nile.

Question: who is this person mentioned here?

Answer: A Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece.

Explanation: Aristotle (; "Aristotélēs", ; 384–322 BC) was a Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece.


Context: where do birds go when they fly south

Context: The southern oceans.

Context: what is this phenomenon called?

Context: Yes, Johannes Leche.

Context: who is this person mentioned here?

Context: A Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece.

Question: what has he said about the human soul?

Answer: The human soul incorporates the powers of the other kinds: Like the vegetative soul it can grow and nourish itself.

Explanation: Aristotle's psychology, given in his treatise "On the Soul" ("peri psychēs"), posits three kinds of soul ("psyches"): the vegetative soul, the sensitive soul, and the rational soul. Humans have a rational soul. The human soul incorporates the powers of the other kinds: Like the vegetative soul it can grow and nourish itself; like the sensitive soul it can experience sensations and move locally.


Context: where do birds go when they fly south

Context: The southern oceans.

Context: what is this phenomenon called?

Context: Yes, Johannes Leche.

Context: who is this person mentioned here?

Context: what has he said about the human soul?

Context: The human soul incorporates the powers of the other kinds: Like the vegetative soul it can grow and nourish itself.

Question: who was the philosopher that took over after him?

Answer: Theophrastus

Explanation: Aristotle's pupil and successor, Theophrastus, wrote the "History of Plants"


Context: where do birds go when they fly south

Context: The southern oceans.

Context: what is this phenomenon called?

Context: Yes, Johannes Leche.

Context: who is this person mentioned here?

Context: what has he said about the human soul?

Context: who was the philosopher that took over after him?

Context: Theophrastus

Question: when was this person born?

Answer: c. 371

Explanation: Theophrastus (; "Theόphrastos"; c. 371 – c. 287 BC), a Greek native of Eresos in Lesbos


Context: where do birds go when they fly south

Context: The southern oceans.

Context: what is this phenomenon called?

Context: Yes, Johannes Leche.

Context: who is this person mentioned here?

Context: what has he said about the human soul?

Context: Theophrastus

Context: when was this person born?

Context: c. 371

Question: where was he born?

Answer: Eresos in Lesbos.

Explanation: Theophrastus (; "Theόphrastos"; c. 371 – c. 287 BC), a Greek native of Eresos in Lesbos, was the successor to Aristotle in the Peripatetic school.


Context: where do birds go when they fly south

Context: The southern oceans.

Context: what is this phenomenon called?

Context: Yes, Johannes Leche.

Context: who is this person mentioned here?

Context: what has he said about the human soul?

Context: Theophrastus

Context: when was this person born?

Context: c. 371

Context: where was he born?

Context: Eresos in Lesbos.

Question: did he study rocks or precious stones?

Answer: Yes, he classified rocks and gems based on their behavior when heated.

Explanation: In his treatise "On Stones" (Περὶ λίθων), which was to be used as a source for other lapidaries until at least the Renaissance, Theophrastus classified rocks and gems based on their behavior when heated, further grouping minerals by common properties, such as amber and magnetite, which both have the power of attraction.


Context: where do birds go when they fly south

Context: The southern oceans.

Context: what is this phenomenon called?

Context: Yes, Johannes Leche.

Context: who is this person mentioned here?

Context: what has he said about the human soul?

Context: Theophrastus

Context: when was this person born?

Context: c. 371

Context: where was he born?

Context: Eresos in Lesbos.

Context: did he study rocks or precious stones?

Context: Yes, he classified rocks and gems based on their behavior when heated.

Question: what is the weather like in the second place mentioned as his hometown?

Answer: A hot-summer Mediterranean climate.

Explanation: The island has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate


Context: where do birds go when they fly south

Context: The southern oceans.

Context: what is this phenomenon called?

Context: Yes, Johannes Leche.

Context: who is this person mentioned here?

Context: what has he said about the human soul?

Context: Theophrastus

Context: when was this person born?

Context: c. 371

Context: where was he born?

Context: Eresos in Lesbos.

Context: did he study rocks or precious stones?

Context: what is the weather like in the second place mentioned as his hometown?

Context: A hot-summer Mediterranean climate.

Question: are there any sites that are endangered?

Answer: Yes, twelve historic churches on the island were listed together on the 2008 World Monuments Fund's Watch List of the 100 Most Endangered Sites in the world.

Explanation: Twelve historic churches on the island were listed together on the 2008 World Monuments Fund's Watch List of the 100 Most Endangered Sites in the world.


Context: where do birds go when they fly south

Context: The southern oceans.

Context: what is this phenomenon called?

Context: Yes, Johannes Leche.

Context: who is this person mentioned here?

Context: what has he said about the human soul?

Context: Theophrastus

Context: when was this person born?

Context: c. 371

Context: where was he born?

Context: Eresos in Lesbos.

Context: did he study rocks or precious stones?

Context: A hot-summer Mediterranean climate.

Context: are there any sites that are endangered?

Context: Yes, twelve historic churches on the island were listed together on the 2008 World Monuments Fund's Watch List of the 100 Most Endangered Sites in the world.

Question: what is the most popular modern park here?

Answer: Lesvos Geopark

Explanation: The entire territory of Lesbos is "Lesvos Geopark", which is a member of the European Geoparks Network (since 2000) and Global Geoparks Network (since 2004) on account of its outstanding geological heritage, educational programs and projects, and promotion of geotourism.


Question: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Answer: The atmosphere of Uranus is composed primarily of hydrogen and helium.

Explanation: The atmosphere of Uranus is composed primarily of hydrogen and helium.


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: The atmosphere of Uranus is composed primarily of hydrogen and helium.

Question: who was the first to observe it?

Answer: The first spectra of Uranus were observed through a prism in 1869 and 1871 by Angelo Secchi and William Huggins

Explanation: . The first spectra of Uranus were observed through a prism in 1869 and 1871 by Angelo Secchi and William Huggins, who found a number of broad dark bands, which they were unable to identify.


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: The first spectra of Uranus were observed through a prism in 1869 and 1871 by Angelo Secchi and William Huggins

Question: where is the first person from?

Answer: Reggio Emilia, a city in northern Italy.

Explanation: also referred to as Reggio Emilia or Reggio by its inhabitants, is a city in northern Italy,


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: where is the first person from?

Context: Reggio Emilia, a city in northern Italy.

Question: can you tell me some of his astronomical works?

Answer: His main area of interest was astronomical spectroscopy. He invented the heliospectrograph, star spectrograph, and telespectroscope. He showed that certain absorption lines in the spectrum of the Sun were caused by absorption in the Earth's atmosphere.

Explanation: his main area of interest was astronomical spectroscopy. He invented the heliospectrograph, star spectrograph, and telespectroscope. He showed that certain absorption lines in the spectrum of the Sun were caused by absorption in the Earth's atmosphere.


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: where is the first person from?

Context: can you tell me some of his astronomical works?

Context: His main area of interest was astronomical spectroscopy. He invented the heliospectrograph, star spectrograph, and telespectroscope. He showed that certain absorption lines in the spectrum of the Sun were caused by absorption in the Earth's atmosphere.

Question: did the second person invent any telescope?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: where is the first person from?

Context: did the second person invent any telescope?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: and where is he from?

Answer: Cornhill, Middlesex

Explanation: William Huggins was born at Cornhill, Middlesex,


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: where is the first person from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: and where is he from?

Context: Cornhill, Middlesex

Question: what kind of a structure does the atmosphere on that planet have?

Answer: The Uranian atmosphere can be divided into three main layers: the troposphere, the stratosphere, and the thermosphere/exosphere

Explanation: The Uranian atmosphere can be divided into three main layers: the troposphere, between altitudes of −300 and 50 km and pressures from 100 to 0.1 bar; the stratosphere, spanning altitudes between 50 and 4000 km and pressures between and the thermosphere/exosphere extending from 4000 km to as high as a few Uranus radii from the surface.


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: where is the first person from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: and where is he from?

Context: Cornhill, Middlesex

Context: what kind of a structure does the atmosphere on that planet have?

Context: The Uranian atmosphere can be divided into three main layers: the troposphere, the stratosphere, and the thermosphere/exosphere

Question: who discovered the planet where the atmosphere belongs to?

Answer: Hipparchos

Explanation: . Possibly the earliest known observation was by Hipparchos,


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: where is the first person from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: and where is he from?

Context: Cornhill, Middlesex

Context: who discovered the planet where the atmosphere belongs to?

Context: Hipparchos

Question: and how is the climate like on this planet?

Answer: Uranus is the coldest planet in the Solar System.

Explanation: it observed a total of ten cloud features across the entire planet. One proposed explanation for this dearth of features is that Uranus's internal heat appears markedly lower than that of the other giant planets. The lowest temperature recorded in Uranus's tropopause is , making Uranus the coldest planet in the Solar System.


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: where is the first person from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: and where is he from?

Context: Cornhill, Middlesex

Context: Hipparchos

Context: and how is the climate like on this planet?

Context: Uranus is the coldest planet in the Solar System.

Question: and how many moons does it have?

Answer: Uranus has 27 known natural satellites.

Explanation: Uranus has 27 known natural satellites.


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: where is the first person from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: and where is he from?

Context: Cornhill, Middlesex

Context: Hipparchos

Context: and how many moons does it have?

Context: Uranus has 27 known natural satellites.

Question: can you tell me where the second main layer of this planet's atmosphere is located?

Answer: It is just above the troposphere, and below the mesosphere. The stratosphere is stratified (layered) in temperature, with warmer layers higher and cooler layers closer to the Earth

Explanation: The stratosphere () is the second major layer of Earth's atmosphere, just above the troposphere, and below the mesosphere. The stratosphere is stratified (layered) in temperature, with warmer layers higher and cooler layers closer to the Earth


Question: why did congressional republicans pass amendments to the constitution

Answer: To abolish slavery and indentured labor.

Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Explanation: With no Southern states represented, few members of Congress pushed moral and religious arguments in favor of slavery. Democrats who opposed the amendment generally made arguments based on federalism and states' rights. Some argued that the proposed change so violated the spirit of the Constitution it would not be a valid "amendment" but would instead constitute "revolution". Representative White, among other opponents, warned that the amendment would lead to full citizenship for blacks.


Context: why did congressional republicans pass amendments to the constitution

Context: To abolish slavery and indentured labor.

Question: did it have nay amendments done?

Answer: Yes.

Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Explanation: The Thirteenth Amendment (Amendment XIII) to the United States Constitution abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. The amendment was passed by Congress on January 31, 1865, and ratified by the required 27 of the then 36 states on December 6, 1865 and proclaimed on December 18.


Context: did it have nay amendments done?

Context: Yes.

Question: who drafted the above?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: did it have nay amendments done?

Context: Yes.

Context: who drafted the above?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: which section would have been effected by the above amendment?

Answer: The slaves.

Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Explanation: The immediate impact of the amendment was to make the entire pre-war system of chattel slavery in the U.S. illegal. The impact of the abolition of slavery was felt quickly. When the Thirteenth Amendment became operational, the scope of Lincoln's 1863 Emancipation Proclamation was widened to include the entire nation. Although the majority of Kentucky's slaves had been emancipated, 65,000–100,000 people remained to be legally freed when the amendment went into effect on December 18. In Delaware, where a large number of slaves had escaped during the war, nine hundred people became legally free.


Context: did it have nay amendments done?

Context: Yes.

Context: who drafted the above?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which section would have been effected by the above amendment?

Context: The slaves.

Question: what is the definition of the above?

Answer: Someone who is forbidden to quit their service to another person and is treated like property.

Explanation: Slavery and enslavement are the state and condition of being a slave, who is someone forbidden to quit their service to another person and is treated like property.


Context: did it have nay amendments done?

Context: Yes.

Context: who drafted the above?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: The slaves.

Context: what is the definition of the above?

Context: Someone who is forbidden to quit their service to another person and is treated like property.

Question: where did it originate?

Answer: Evidence of slavery predates written records and has existed in many cultures.

Explanation: Evidence of slavery predates written records and has existed in many cultures.


Context: did it have nay amendments done?

Context: Yes.

Context: who drafted the above?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: The slaves.

Context: what is the definition of the above?

Context: where did it originate?

Context: Evidence of slavery predates written records and has existed in many cultures.

Question: does it have any association in the asian sub-continents?

Answer: Yes, slavery has existed all throughout Asia, and forms of slavery still exist today.

Explanation: Slavery has existed all throughout Asia, and forms of slavery still exist today.


Context: did it have nay amendments done?

Context: Yes.

Context: who drafted the above?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: The slaves.

Context: what is the definition of the above?

Context: where did it originate?

Context: does it have any association in the asian sub-continents?

Context: Yes, slavery has existed all throughout Asia, and forms of slavery still exist today.

Question: is there mention of any of their rights?

Answer: Yes, depending upon the era and the country, slaves sometimes had a limited set of legal rights.

Explanation: Depending upon the era and the country, slaves sometimes had a limited set of legal rights. For example, in the Province of New York, people who deliberately killed slaves were punishable under a 1686 statute.


Context: did it have nay amendments done?

Context: Yes.

Context: who drafted the above?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: The slaves.

Context: what is the definition of the above?

Context: where did it originate?

Context: is there mention of any of their rights?

Context: Yes, depending upon the era and the country, slaves sometimes had a limited set of legal rights.

Question: is there a mention of any apologetic forgiveness?

Answer: Apologies on behalf of African nations, for their role in trading their countrymen into slavery, remain an open issue since slavery was practiced in Africa even before the first Europeans arrived and the Atlantic slave trade was performed with a high degree of involvement of several African societies.

Explanation: Apologies on behalf of African nations, for their role in trading their countrymen into slavery, remain an open issue since slavery was practiced in Africa even before the first Europeans arrived and the Atlantic slave trade was performed with a high degree of involvement of several African societies.


Context: did it have nay amendments done?

Context: Yes.

Context: who drafted the above?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: The slaves.

Context: what is the definition of the above?

Context: where did it originate?

Context: is there a mention of any apologetic forgiveness?

Context: Apologies on behalf of African nations, for their role in trading their countrymen into slavery, remain an open issue since slavery was practiced in Africa even before the first Europeans arrived and the Atlantic slave trade was performed with a high degree of involvement of several African societies.

Question: this continent that traded the slaves, what kind of rule do they follow?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Question: the distance between the western wall and the dome of the rock is approximately

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: the distance between the western wall and the dome of the rock is approximately

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is the significance of this wall?

Answer: It is the holiest place where Jews are permitted to pray and the Foundation Stone - the most sacred site in the Jewish faith - lies behind it. For Muslims, it constitutes the eastern border of "al-Haram al-Sharif", the Noble Sanctuary of the Al-Aqsa Mosque.

Explanation:
In one of several varying Muslim traditions, it is the site where the Islamic Prophet Muhammad tied his winged steed, al-Buraq, on his Isra and Mi'raj to Jerusalem before ascending to paradise, and constitutes the eastern border of "al-Haram al-Sharif", the Noble Sanctuary of the Al-Aqsa Mosque.

The Western Wall's holiness in Judaism is a result of its proximity to the Temple Mount. Because of the Temple Mount entry restrictions, the Wall is the holiest place where Jews are permitted to pray, though the Foundation Stone, the most sacred site in the Jewish faith, lies behind it.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the significance of this wall?

Context: It is the holiest place where Jews are permitted to pray and the Foundation Stone - the most sacred site in the Jewish faith - lies behind it. For Muslims, it constitutes the eastern border of "al-Haram al-Sharif", the Noble Sanctuary of the Al-Aqsa Mosque.

Question: what are the other different names it has?

Answer: It was called as "Wailing Wall" in nineteenth century English Literature. The name "Mur des Lamentations" was used in French and "Klagemauer" in German. The Arabs referred to the wall as the al-Buraq Wall.

Explanation: The name "Wailing Wall", and descriptions such as "wailing place", appeared regularly in English literature during the 19th century. The name "Mur des Lamentations" was used in French and "Klagemauer" in German. This term itself was a translation of the Arabic "el-Mabka", or "Place of Weeping", the traditional Arabic term for the wall. This description stemmed from the Jewish practice of coming to the site to mourn and bemoan the destruction of the Temple and the loss of national freedom it symbolized.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the significance of this wall?

Context: what are the other different names it has?

Context: It was called as "Wailing Wall" in nineteenth century English Literature. The name "Mur des Lamentations" was used in French and "Klagemauer" in German. The Arabs referred to the wall as the al-Buraq Wall.

Question: what is the significance of the mosque that is mentioned in the previous answer?

Answer: It is the third holiest site in Islam.  Muslims believe that Muhammad was transported from the Great Mosque of Mecca to al-Aqsa during the Night Journey.

Explanation: Al-Aqsa Mosque (, , "the Farthest Mosque"), located in the Old City of Jerusalem, is the third holiest site in Islam. The mosque was built on top of the Temple Mount, known as the Al Aqsa Compound or Haram esh-Sharif in Islam. Muslims believe that Muhammad was transported from the Great Mosque of Mecca to al-Aqsa during the Night Journey. Islamic tradition holds that Muhammad led prayers towards this site until the 17th month after his migration from Mecca to Medina, when Allah directed him to turn towards the Kaaba in Mecca.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the significance of this wall?

Context: what is the significance of the mosque that is mentioned in the previous answer?

Context: It is the third holiest site in Islam.  Muslims believe that Muhammad was transported from the Great Mosque of Mecca to al-Aqsa during the Night Journey.

Question: where is it located?

Answer: The Old City of Jerusalem

Explanation: Al-Aqsa Mosque (, , "the Farthest Mosque"), located in the Old City of Jerusalem, is the third holiest site in Islam


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the significance of this wall?

Context: where is it located?

Context: The Old City of Jerusalem

Question: who constructed it?

Answer: Either Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate or Mu'awiyah.

Explanation: The current construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque is dated to the early Umayyad period of rule in Palestine. Architectural historian K. A. C. Creswell, referring to a testimony by Arculf, a Gallic monk, during his pilgrimage to Palestine in 679–82, notes the possibility that the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate, Umar ibn al-Khattab, erected a primitive quadrangular building for a capacity of 3,000 worshipers somewhere on the Haram ash-Sharif. However, Arculf visited Palestine during the reign of Mu'awiyah I, and it is possible that Mu'awiyah ordered the construction, not Umar. This latter claim is explicitly supported by the early Muslim scholar al-Muthahhar bin Tahir.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the significance of this wall?

Context: where is it located?

Context: The Old City of Jerusalem

Context: who constructed it?

Context: Either Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate or Mu'awiyah.

Question: in the wall mentioned in the beginning is there a separate section for prayer?

Answer: Yes, the prayer section is a part of a much longer wall.

Explanation: The term Western Wall commonly refers to a exposed section of a much longer retaining wall, built by Herod on the western flank of the Temple Mount. Only when used in this sense is it synonymous with the term Wailing Wall. This section faces a large plaza and is set aside for prayer.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the significance of this wall?

Context: where is it located?

Context: The Old City of Jerusalem

Context: who constructed it?

Context: in the wall mentioned in the beginning is there a separate section for prayer?

Context: Yes, the prayer section is a part of a much longer wall.

Question: are there many other section in this wall?

Answer: Two other revealed sections are its southern part and another short section known as the Little Western Wall.

Explanation: There are only two other revealed sections: the southern part of the Wall (see Robinson's Arch area), which measures approximately , and is separated from the prayer area by just a narrow stretch of archaeological remains; and another, much shorter section, known as the Little Western Wall, which is located close to the Iron Gate.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the significance of this wall?

Context: where is it located?

Context: The Old City of Jerusalem

Context: who constructed it?

Context: are there many other section in this wall?

Context: Two other revealed sections are its southern part and another short section known as the Little Western Wall.

Question: arethere any section that are not revealed?

Answer: Most parts of the western retaining wall of the Herodian Temple Mount complex is hidden behind medieval residential structures built along its length.

Explanation: In its entirety, the western retaining wall of the Herodian Temple Mount complex stretches for , most of which is hidden behind medieval residential structures built along its length.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the significance of this wall?

Context: where is it located?

Context: The Old City of Jerusalem

Context: who constructed it?

Context: arethere any section that are not revealed?

Context: Most parts of the western retaining wall of the Herodian Temple Mount complex is hidden behind medieval residential structures built along its length.

Question: what is about its transformation into worship area?

Answer: That part of the wall faces a large plaza and is set aside for prayer.


Question: what is gas tungsten arc welding?

Answer: It is an arc welding process that uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode to produce the weld.

Explanation: Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), also known as tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding, is an arc welding process that uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode to produce the weld.


Context: what is gas tungsten arc welding?

Context: It is an arc welding process that uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode to produce the weld.

Question: is there a gas used in this welding process?

Answer: Yes, shielding gas

Explanation: As with other welding processes such as gas metal arc welding, shielding gases are necessary in GTAW to protect the welding area from atmospheric gases such as nitrogen and oxygen, which can cause fusion defects, porosity, and weld metal embrittlement if they come in contact with the electrode, the arc, or the welding metal.


Context: what is gas tungsten arc welding?

Context: is there a gas used in this welding process?

Context: Yes, shielding gas

Question: what specific gas is used?

Answer: Helium

Explanation: Another common shielding gas, helium, is most often used to increase the weld penetration in a joint, to increase the welding speed, and to weld metals with high heat conductivity, such as copper and aluminum.


Context: what is gas tungsten arc welding?

Context: Yes, shielding gas

Context: what specific gas is used?

Context: Helium

Question: why are such gases used in this process?

Answer: To protect the welding area from atmospheric gases.

Explanation: As with other welding processes such as gas metal arc welding, shielding gases are necessary in GTAW to protect the welding area from atmospheric gases such as nitrogen and oxygen, which can cause fusion defects, porosity, and weld metal embrittlement if they come in contact with the electrode, the arc, or the welding metal. The gas also transfers heat from the tungsten electrode to the metal, and it helps start and maintain a stable arc.


Context: what is gas tungsten arc welding?

Context: Yes, shielding gas

Context: what specific gas is used?

Context: Helium

Context: why are such gases used in this process?

Context: To protect the welding area from atmospheric gases.

Question: what are some of the applications of this process?

Answer: Its used in welding thin workpieces, manufacture of space vehicles, bicycle industry, etc.

Explanation: While the aerospace industry is one of the primary users of gas tungsten arc welding, the process is used in a number of other areas. Many industries use GTAW for welding thin workpieces, especially nonferrous metals. It is used extensively in the manufacture of space vehicles, and is also frequently employed to weld small-diameter, thin-wall tubing such as that used in the bicycle industry. In addition, GTAW is often used to make root or first-pass welds for piping of various sizes.


Context: what is gas tungsten arc welding?

Context: Yes, shielding gas

Context: what specific gas is used?

Context: Helium

Context: what are some of the applications of this process?

Context: Its used in welding thin workpieces, manufacture of space vehicles, bicycle industry, etc.

Question: what is that electrode which is used in this process made up of?

Answer: Tungsten


Context: what is gas tungsten arc welding?

Context: Yes, shielding gas

Context: what specific gas is used?

Context: Helium

Context: what is that electrode which is used in this process made up of?

Context: Tungsten

Question: what is the melting point of this substance?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: what is gas tungsten arc welding?

Context: Yes, shielding gas

Context: what specific gas is used?

Context: Helium

Context: Tungsten

Context: what is the melting point of this substance?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: can you name a few alloys from the substance mentioned above?

Answer: High speed steel and quenched (martensitic) tungsten steel.

Explanation: The hardness and density of tungsten are applied in obtaining heavy metal alloys. A good example is high speed steel, which can contain as much as 18% tungsten. Tungsten's high melting point makes tungsten a good material for applications like rocket nozzles, for example in the UGM-27 Polaris submarine-launched ballistic missile. Tungsten alloys are used in a wide range of applications, including the aerospace and automotive industries and radiation shielding. Superalloys containing tungsten, such as Hastelloy and Stellite, are used in turbine blades and wear-resistant parts and coatings.


Context: what is gas tungsten arc welding?

Context: Yes, shielding gas

Context: what specific gas is used?

Context: Helium

Context: Tungsten

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: can you name a few alloys from the substance mentioned above?

Context: High speed steel and quenched (martensitic) tungsten steel.

Question: which country holds the largest producer of that substance?

Answer: China

Explanation: China remains the world's leader not only in production, but also in export and consumption of tungsten products.


Context: what is gas tungsten arc welding?

Context: Yes, shielding gas

Context: what specific gas is used?

Context: Helium

Context: Tungsten

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which country holds the largest producer of that substance?

Context: China

Question: can you name a few ores in which that substance occurs?

Answer: Wolframite and scheelite

Explanation: Its important ores include wolframite and scheelite.


Question: you got the right one k michelle lyrics

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context:
you got the right one k michelle lyrics
UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is gangnam style?

Answer: It is a song by South Korean singer Psy.

Explanation: "Gangnam Style" (, ) is a song by South Korean singer Psy, released on 15 July 2012 by YG Entertainment as the lead single of his sixth studio album, "Psy 6 (Six Rules), Part 1".


Context: you got the right one k michelle lyrics

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is gangnam style?

Context: It is a song by South Korean singer Psy.

Question: who is he?

Answer: Park Jae-sang, known professionally as Psy, is a South Korean singer, rapper, songwriter, and record producer.

Explanation: Park Jae-sang (, ; born December 31, 1977), known professionally as Psy (stylized in all caps as PSY) (; ; ), is a South Korean singer, rapper, songwriter, and record producer.


Context: you got the right one k michelle lyrics

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is gangnam style?

Context: who is he?

Context: Park Jae-sang, known professionally as Psy, is a South Korean singer, rapper, songwriter, and record producer.

Question: how did he begin his career?

Answer: He made his first appearance on Korean national television in 2000 after his dancing caught the eye of a TV producer.

1996–2000: Brief study in the United States and career beginnings

Explanation: In South Korea, Psy made his first appearance on Korean national television in 2000 after his dancing caught the eye of a TV producer.


Context: you got the right one k michelle lyrics

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is gangnam style?

Context: who is he?

Context: how did he begin his career?

Context: He made his first appearance on Korean national television in 2000 after his dancing caught the eye of a TV producer.

Question: how is his performance related to youtube?

Answer: His YouTube video garnered so many views that thechannel had to upgrade their viewing integer levels.

Explanation: On December 1, 2014, the YouTube video garnered over 2 − 1 views, overflowing the YouTube counter to a negative number, resulting in a public comment from Google/YouTube saying "We never thought a video would be watched in numbers greater than a 32-bit integer (=2,147,483,647 views), but that was before we met PSY. "Gangnam Style" has been viewed so many times we had to upgrade to a 64-bit integer (9,223,372,036,854,775,808)!" Hovering over the counter of the YouTube video triggered an easter egg.


Context: you got the right one k michelle lyrics

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is gangnam style?

Context: who is he?

Context: how did he begin his career?

Context: how is his performance related to youtube?

Context: His YouTube video garnered so many views that thechannel had to upgrade their viewing integer levels.

Question: what did he do during 2010?

Answer: In 2010, he joined YG Entertainment.

2010–12: 5th studio album and debut performance in Japan

Explanation: In 2010, Psy joined YG Entertainment.


Context: you got the right one k michelle lyrics

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is gangnam style?

Context: who is he?

Context: how did he begin his career?

Context: what did he do during 2010?

Context: In 2010, he joined YG Entertainment.

Question: where is this entertainment?

Answer: It is a South Korean entertainment company.

Explanation: YG Entertainment (Korean: YG 엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean entertainment company established in 1996 by Yang Hyun-suk.


Context: you got the right one k michelle lyrics

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is gangnam style?

Context: who is he?

Context: how did he begin his career?

Context: what did he do during 2010?

Context: In 2010, he joined YG Entertainment.

Context: where is this entertainment?

Context: It is a South Korean entertainment company.

Question: how did it get founded?

Answer: It was founded by Yang Hyun-suk.


Context: you got the right one k michelle lyrics

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is gangnam style?

Context: who is he?

Context: how did he begin his career?

Context: what did he do during 2010?

Context: In 2010, he joined YG Entertainment.

Context: where is this entertainment?

Context: how did it get founded?

Context: It was founded by Yang Hyun-suk.

Question: who is this person?

Answer: He is a South Korean music executive, rapper, dancer, and record producer.

Explanation: Yang Hyun-suk (born January 9, 1970) is a South Korean music executive, rapper, dancer, and record producer.


Context: you got the right one k michelle lyrics

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is gangnam style?

Context: who is he?

Context: how did he begin his career?

Context: what did he do during 2010?

Context: In 2010, he joined YG Entertainment.

Context: where is this entertainment?

Context: how did it get founded?

Context: It was founded by Yang Hyun-suk.

Context: who is this person?

Context: He is a South Korean music executive, rapper, dancer, and record producer.

Question: what music did he do?

Answer: He had joined the band "Seo Taiji & Boys".

Explanation: Seo Taiji & Boys was formed in 1991 with Seo Taiji, Lee Juno and Yang Hyun-seok. Yang said he first met Seo when the musician came to him to learn how to dance. "Blown away" by his music, Yang offered to join the group and they later recruited Lee who was one of the top dancers in Korea.


Context: you got the right one k michelle lyrics

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is gangnam style?

Context: who is he?

Context: how did he begin his career?

Context: what did he do during 2010?

Context: In 2010, he joined YG Entertainment.

Context: where is this entertainment?

Context: how did it get founded?

Context: It was founded by Yang Hyun-suk.

Context: who is this person?

Context: what music did he do?

Context: He had joined the band "Seo Taiji & Boys".

Question: how is his private life?

Answer: He married a former band member who is 12 years younger to him.

Explanation: In March 2010, Yang revealed that he had been dating former member, , who is 12 years Yang's junior, for nine years.


Context: you got the right one k michelle lyrics

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is gangnam style?

Context: who is he?

Context: how did he begin his career?

Context: what did he do during 2010?

Context: In 2010, he joined YG Entertainment.

Context: where is this entertainment?

Context: how did it get founded?

Context: It was founded by Yang Hyun-suk.

Context: who is this person?

Context: what music did he do?

Context: how is his private life?

Context: He married a former band member who is 12 years younger to him.

Question: how did he establish this aforesaid entertainment company?

Answer: He founded the company along with his younger brother Yang Min-suk.

1996–2005: Hip-hop roots, early success and first generation K-pop

Explanation: In March 1996, Yang Hyun-suk, a former member of the first-generation K-pop group Seo Taiji and Boys, founded YG Entertainment along with his younger brother Yang Min-suk.


Question: which describes a possible origin for the oort cloud

Answer: The Oort cloud is thought to have developed after the formation of planets from the primordial protoplanetary disc approximately 4.6 billion years ago.

Explanation: The Oort cloud is thought to have developed after the formation of planets from the primordial protoplanetary disc approximately 4.6 billion years ago.


Context: which describes a possible origin for the oort cloud

Context: The Oort cloud is thought to have developed after the formation of planets from the primordial protoplanetary disc approximately 4.6 billion years ago.

Question: what is it composed of?

Answer: The vast majority of Oort-cloud objects consist of ices such as water, methane, ethane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide.

Explanation: the vast majority of Oort-cloud objects consist of ices such as water, methane, ethane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide.


Context: what is it composed of?

Context: The vast majority of Oort-cloud objects consist of ices such as water, methane, ethane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide.

Question: who discovered it?

Answer: Jan Oort

Explanation: first described in 1950 by Dutch astronomer Jan Oort


Context: what is it composed of?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Jan Oort

Question: who was he?

Answer: He was a Dutch astronomer who made significant contributions to the understanding of the Milky Way and who was a pioneer in the field of radio astronomy.

Explanation: was a Dutch astronomer who made significant contributions to the understanding of the Milky Way and who was a pioneer in the field of radio astronomy.


Context: what is it composed of?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Jan Oort

Context: who was he?

Context: He was a Dutch astronomer who made significant contributions to the understanding of the Milky Way and who was a pioneer in the field of radio astronomy.

Question: where did he study?

Answer: Groningen University

Explanation: Groningen University


Context: what is it composed of?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Jan Oort

Context: who was he?

Context: where did he study?

Context: Groningen University

Question: what else has he discovered?

Answer: He showed that stars lying in the outer regions of the galactic disk rotated more slowly than those nearer the center. The Galaxy does not therefore rotate as a uniform whole but exhibits what is known as 'differential rotation'."

Explanation: He also showed that stars lying in the outer regions of the galactic disk rotated more slowly than those nearer the center. The Galaxy does not therefore rotate as a uniform whole but exhibits what is known as 'differential rotation'."


Context: what is it composed of?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Jan Oort

Context: who was he?

Context: where did he study?

Context: Groningen University

Context: what else has he discovered?

Context: He showed that stars lying in the outer regions of the galactic disk rotated more slowly than those nearer the center. The Galaxy does not therefore rotate as a uniform whole but exhibits what is known as 'differential rotation'."

Question: was he interested in carrying out studies on comets?

Answer: Yes, He hypothesized that the Solar System is surrounded by a massive cloud consisting of billions of comets, many of them “long-period” comets that originate in a cloud far beyond the orbits of Neptune and Pluto.

Explanation: Oort went on to study comets, which he formulated a number of revolutionary hypotheses. He hypothesized that the Solar System is surrounded by a massive cloud consisting of billions of comets, many of them “long-period” comets that originate in a cloud far beyond the orbits of Neptune and Pluto.


Context: what is it composed of?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Jan Oort

Context: who was he?

Context: where did he study?

Context: Groningen University

Context: what else has he discovered?

Context: was he interested in carrying out studies on comets?

Context: Yes, He hypothesized that the Solar System is surrounded by a massive cloud consisting of billions of comets, many of them “long-period” comets that originate in a cloud far beyond the orbits of Neptune and Pluto.

Question: whom was he married to?

Answer: Oort married Johanna Maria Graadt van Roggen

Explanation: Oort married Johanna Maria (Mieke) Graadt van Roggen


Context: what is it composed of?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Jan Oort

Context: who was he?

Context: where did he study?

Context: Groningen University

Context: what else has he discovered?

Context: whom was he married to?

Context: Oort married Johanna Maria Graadt van Roggen

Question: how was he honoured?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: what is it composed of?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Jan Oort

Context: who was he?

Context: where did he study?

Context: Groningen University

Context: what else has he discovered?

Context: whom was he married to?

Context: how was he honoured?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what was his wife?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Question: do all stars spend the same amount of time on the main sequence

Answer: The total life span can be estimated, to first approximation, as the total energy produced divided by the star's luminosity.

Explanation: The total amount of energy that a star can generate through nuclear fusion of hydrogen is limited by the amount of hydrogen fuel that can be consumed at the core. For a star in equilibrium, the energy generated at the core must be at least equal to the energy radiated at the surface. Since the luminosity gives the amount of energy radiated per unit time, the total life span can be estimated, to first approximation, as the total energy produced divided by the star's luminosity.


Context: do all stars spend the same amount of time on the main sequence

Context: The total life span can be estimated, to first approximation, as the total energy produced divided by the star's luminosity.

Question: what is main sequence?

Answer: Continuous and distinctive band of stars that appears on plots of stellar color versus brightness.

Explanation: In astronomy, the main sequence is a continuous and distinctive band of stars that appears on plots of stellar color versus brightness.


Context: what is main sequence?

Context: Continuous and distinctive band of stars that appears on plots of stellar color versus brightness.

Question: describe a few of its properties?

Answer: Majority of stars on a typical HR diagram lie along the main-sequence curve and temperature of a star determines its spectral type

Explanation:
The majority of stars on a typical HR diagram lie along the main-sequence curve. This line is pronounced because both the spectral type and the luminosity depend only on a star's mass, at least to zeroth-order approximation, as long as it is fusing hydrogen at its core—and that is what almost all stars spend most of their "active" lives doing.

The temperature of a star determines its spectral type via its effect on the physical properties of plasma in its photosphere.


Context: what is main sequence?

Context: describe a few of its properties?

Context: Majority of stars on a typical HR diagram lie along the main-sequence curve and temperature of a star determines its spectral type

Question: mention a few variations in luminosity color?

Answer: Cepheid variables, Delta Scuti variables, and Beta Cephei variables

Explanation: A nearly vertical region of the HR diagram, known as the instability strip, is occupied by pulsating variable stars known as Cepheid variables. These stars vary in magnitude at regular intervals, giving them a pulsating appearance. The strip intersects the upper part of the main sequence in the region of class "A" and "F" stars, which are between one and two solar masses. Pulsating stars in this part of the instability strip that intersects the upper part of the main sequence are called Delta Scuti variables. Main-sequence stars in this region experience only small changes in magnitude and so this variation is difficult to detect. Other classes of unstable main-sequence stars, like Beta Cephei variables, are unrelated to this instability strip.


Context: what is main sequence?

Context: describe a few of its properties?

Context: mention a few variations in luminosity color?

Context: Cepheid variables, Delta Scuti variables, and Beta Cephei variables

Question: what is the first variation?

Answer: A type of star that pulsates radially, varying in both diameter and temperature

Explanation: A Cepheid variable () is a type of star that pulsates radially, varying in both diameter and temperature and producing changes in brightness with a well-defined stable period and amplitude.


Context: what is main sequence?

Context: describe a few of its properties?

Context: what is the first variation?

Context: A type of star that pulsates radially, varying in both diameter and temperature

Question: name a few stars from such variation?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: what is main sequence?

Context: describe a few of its properties?

Context: what is the first variation?

Context: name a few stars from such variation?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is the anomalous in this variation?

Answer: A group of pulsating stars on the instability strip have periods of less than 2 days, but with higher luminosities.

Explanation: A group of pulsating stars on the instability strip have periods of less than 2 days, similar to RR Lyrae variables but with higher luminosities.


Context: what is main sequence?

Context: describe a few of its properties?

Context: what is the first variation?

Context: name a few stars from such variation?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the anomalous in this variation?

Context: A group of pulsating stars on the instability strip have periods of less than 2 days, but with higher luminosities.

Question: state the pulsation model in this variation?

Answer: Pulsation of Cepheids is called the Eddington valve, or "κ-mechanism", where κ (kappa) is the usual symbol for the gas opacity.

Explanation: The accepted explanation for the pulsation of Cepheids is called the Eddington valve, or "κ-mechanism", where the Greek letter κ (kappa) is the usual symbol for the gas opacity.


Context: what is main sequence?

Context: describe a few of its properties?

Context: what is the first variation?

Context: name a few stars from such variation?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: state the pulsation model in this variation?

Context: Pulsation of Cepheids is called the Eddington valve, or "κ-mechanism", where κ (kappa) is the usual symbol for the gas opacity.

Question: who proposed such a model?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: what is main sequence?

Context: describe a few of its properties?

Context: what is the first variation?

Context: name a few stars from such variation?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who proposed such a model?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who discovered such a variation of stars?

Answer: Henrietta Swan Leavitt

Explanation: This robust characteristic of classical Cepheids was discovered in 1908 by Henrietta Swan Leavitt after studying thousands of variable stars in the Magellanic Clouds.


Context: what is main sequence?

Context: describe a few of its properties?

Context: what is the first variation?

Context: name a few stars from such variation?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who proposed such a model?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who discovered such a variation of stars?

Context: Henrietta Swan Leavitt

Question: who is the person?

Answer: An American astronomer.

Explanation: Henrietta Swan Leavitt (; July 4, 1868 – December 12, 1921) was an American astronomer.


Context: what is main sequence?

Context: describe a few of its properties?

Context: what is the first variation?

Context: name a few stars from such variation?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who proposed such a model?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Henrietta Swan Leavitt

Context: who is the person?

Context: An American astronomer.

Question: is the person male or female?

Answer: Female

Explanation: she worked at the Harvard College Observatory as a "computer", tasked with examining photographic plates in order to measure and catalog the brightness of stars.


Context: what is main sequence?

Context: describe a few of its properties?

Context: what is the first variation?

Context: name a few stars from such variation?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who proposed such a model?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Henrietta Swan Leavitt

Context: who is the person?

Context: An American astronomer.

Context: is the person male or female?

Context: Female

Question: did she serve in the air force?

Answer: No

Explanation: This work led her to discover the relation between the luminosity and the period of Cepheid variables. Leavitt's discovery provided astronomers with the first "standard candle" with which to measure the distance to faraway galaxies.


Context: what is main sequence?

Context: describe a few of its properties?

Context: what is the first variation?

Context: name a few stars from such variation?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who proposed such a model?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Henrietta Swan Leavitt

Context: who is the person?

Context: An American astronomer.

Context: is the person male or female?

Context: Female

Context: did she serve in the air force?

Context: No

Question: when did she start her astronomical profession?

Answer: After 1903

Explanation: Leavitt returned to the Harvard College Observatory from her travels in 1903.


Context: what is main sequence?

Context: describe a few of its properties?

Context: what is the first variation?

Context: name a few stars from such variation?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who proposed such a model?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Henrietta Swan Leavitt

Context: who is the person?

Context: An American astronomer.

Context: is the person male or female?

Context: Female

Context: did she serve in the air force?

Context: No

Context: when did she start her astronomical profession?

Context: After 1903

Question: what impact did she leave on the scientific community?

Answer: "Leavitt's law" made the stars the first "standard candle" in astronomy, allowing scientists to compute the distances to galaxies too remote for stellar parallax observations to be useful.

Explanation: The period–luminosity relationship for Cepheids, now known as "Leavitt's law" made the stars the first "standard candle" in astronomy, allowing scientists to compute the distances to galaxies too remote for stellar parallax observations to be useful.


Question: what is banksia sceptrum?

Answer: A plant

Explanation: Banksia sceptrum, commonly known as the sceptre banksia, is a plant that grows in


Context:
what is banksia sceptrum?
A plant

Question: which specie does this plant come under?

Answer: Banksia

Explanation: The species name "sceptrum" "sceptre" refers to the prominent flower spikes. In his 1856 arrangement of the genus, there were 58 described "Banksia" species.


Context: what is banksia sceptrum?

Context: A plant

Context: which specie does this plant come under?

Context: Banksia

Question: is it a flowering or a non-flowering plant?

Answer: Flowering

Explanation: The tall flower spikes, known as inflorescences, arise at the ends of vertical branches over November to January, and can be striking in appearance.


Context: what is banksia sceptrum?

Context: A plant

Context: Banksia

Context: is it a flowering or a non-flowering plant?

Context: Flowering

Question: what colours do they come in?

Answer: Bright yellow

Explanation: they are bright yellow and highly prominent.


Context: what is banksia sceptrum?

Context: A plant

Context: Banksia

Context: Flowering

Context: what colours do they come in?

Context: Bright yellow

Question: how tall do these plants grow?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: what is banksia sceptrum?

Context: A plant

Context: Banksia

Context: Flowering

Context: what colours do they come in?

Context: Bright yellow

Context: how tall do these plants grow?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: where are these plants found?

Answer: Western Australia near the central west coast from Geraldton north through Kalbarri to Hamelin Pool

Explanation: sceptre banksia, is a plant that grows in Western Australia near the central west coast from Geraldton north through Kalbarri to Hamelin Pool.


Context: what is banksia sceptrum?

Context: A plant

Context: Banksia

Context: Flowering

Context: what colours do they come in?

Context: Bright yellow

Context: how tall do these plants grow?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where are these plants found?

Context: Western Australia near the central west coast from Geraldton north through Kalbarri to Hamelin Pool

Question: who were the first to occupy geraldton?

Answer: Naaguja people

Explanation: The original local Aboriginal people of Geraldton are the Naaguja people


Context: what is banksia sceptrum?

Context: A plant

Context: Banksia

Context: Flowering

Context: what colours do they come in?

Context: Bright yellow

Context: how tall do these plants grow?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where are these plants found?

Context: who were the first to occupy geraldton?

Context: Naaguja people

Question: did any major war take place here?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: what is banksia sceptrum?

Context: A plant

Context: Banksia

Context: Flowering

Context: what colours do they come in?

Context: Bright yellow

Context: how tall do these plants grow?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where are these plants found?

Context: who were the first to occupy geraldton?

Context: Naaguja people

Context: did any major war take place here?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: how is the climate here?

Answer: Mediterranean climate with semi-arid influence

Explanation: Geraldton has a Mediterranean climate with semi-arid influence.


Context: what is banksia sceptrum?

Context: A plant

Context: Banksia

Context: Flowering

Context: what colours do they come in?

Context: Bright yellow

Context: how tall do these plants grow?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where are these plants found?

Context: who were the first to occupy geraldton?

Context: Naaguja people

Context: did any major war take place here?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the climate here?

Context: Mediterranean climate with semi-arid influence

Question: do horse racings take place there?

Answer: Yes. It is home to a horse racing industry

Explanation: Geraldton is home to a horse racing industry and since 1887 has hosted the annual Geraldton Gold Cup meeting.


Context: what is banksia sceptrum?

Context: A plant

Context: Banksia

Context: Flowering

Context: what colours do they come in?

Context: Bright yellow

Context: how tall do these plants grow?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where are these plants found?

Context: who were the first to occupy geraldton?

Context: Naaguja people

Context: did any major war take place here?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the climate here?

Context: do horse racings take place there?

Context: Yes. It is home to a horse racing industry

Question: how are the plants cultivated?

Answer: In a Mediterranean (dry summer) climate and good drainage as it is sensitive to dieback

Explanation: It is occasionally grown in gardens as its bright flower spikes are prominent, but requires a Mediterranean (dry summer) climate and good drainage as it is sensitive to dieback.


Question: who is the female professor in legally blonde

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: who is the female professor in legally blonde

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is "legally blonde"?

Answer: It is a 2001 American comedy film

Explanation: is a 2001 American comedy film


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "legally blonde"?

Context: It is a 2001 American comedy film

Question: who was the director?

Answer: Robert Luketic

Explanation: directed by Robert Luketic


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "legally blonde"?

Context: It is a 2001 American comedy film

Context: who was the director?

Context: Robert Luketic

Question: and who designed the clothes for the movie?

Answer: Sophie De Rakoff

Explanation: The film's costume designer, Sophie De Rakoff


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "legally blonde"?

Context: It is a 2001 American comedy film

Context: who was the director?

Context: Robert Luketic

Context: and who designed the clothes for the movie?

Context: Sophie De Rakoff

Question: what about the music composition?

Answer: The "Legally Blonde" soundtrack includes music from Vanessa Carlton, Samantha Mumba, Superchick, and Hoku

Explanation: The "Legally Blonde" soundtrack includes music from Vanessa Carlton, Samantha Mumba, Superchick, and Hoku


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "legally blonde"?

Context: It is a 2001 American comedy film

Context: who was the director?

Context: Robert Luketic

Context: Sophie De Rakoff

Context: what about the music composition?

Context: The "Legally Blonde" soundtrack includes music from Vanessa Carlton, Samantha Mumba, Superchick, and Hoku

Question: where was this film director from?

Answer: Sydney, Australia

Explanation: Sydney, Australia


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "legally blonde"?

Context: It is a 2001 American comedy film

Context: who was the director?

Context: Robert Luketic

Context: Sophie De Rakoff

Context: what about the music composition?

Context: where was this film director from?

Context: Sydney, Australia

Question: could you explain the geographic location of this region?

Answer: It is located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Port Jackson and extends about on its periphery towards the Blue Mountains to the west, Hawkesbury to the north, the Royal National Park to the south and Macarthur to the south-west.

Explanation: Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Port Jackson and extends about on its periphery towards the Blue Mountains to the west, Hawkesbury to the north, the Royal National Park to the south and Macarthur to the south-west.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "legally blonde"?

Context: It is a 2001 American comedy film

Context: who was the director?

Context: Robert Luketic

Context: Sophie De Rakoff

Context: what about the music composition?

Context: where was this film director from?

Context: Sydney, Australia

Context: could you explain the geographic location of this region?

Context: It is located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Port Jackson and extends about on its periphery towards the Blue Mountains to the west, Hawkesbury to the north, the Royal National Park to the south and Macarthur to the south-west.

Question: what is the weather like here?

Answer: Sydney has a humid subtropical climate with the summers as "warm [and] sometimes hot", and the winters as "cool".

Explanation: classic system Sydney has a temperate climate but under the Köppen–Geiger classification, Sydney has a humid subtropical climate ("Cfa"). The Australian Bureau of Statistics describes the summers as "warm [and] sometimes hot", and the winters as "cool", wi


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "legally blonde"?

Context: It is a 2001 American comedy film

Context: who was the director?

Context: Robert Luketic

Context: Sophie De Rakoff

Context: what about the music composition?

Context: where was this film director from?

Context: Sydney, Australia

Context: what is the weather like here?

Context: Sydney has a humid subtropical climate with the summers as "warm [and] sometimes hot", and the winters as "cool".

Question: what is the storyline of the above mentioned movie?

Answer: Elle Woods, a sorority girl who attempts to win back her ex-boyfriend, played by Matthew Davis, by getting a Juris Doctor degree at Harvard Law School, and in the process, overcomes stereotypes against blondes and triumphs as a successful lawyer through unflappable self-confidence and fashion/beauty knowhow.

Explanation: Elle Woods, a sorority girl who attempts to win back her ex-boyfriend, played by Matthew Davis, by getting a Juris Doctor degree at Harvard Law School, and in the process, overcomes stereotypes against blondes and triumphs as a successful lawyer through unflappable self-confidence and fashion/beauty knowhow.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "legally blonde"?

Context: It is a 2001 American comedy film

Context: who was the director?

Context: Robert Luketic

Context: Sophie De Rakoff

Context: what about the music composition?

Context: where was this film director from?

Context: Sydney, Australia

Context: what is the weather like here?

Context: what is the storyline of the above mentioned movie?

Context: Elle Woods, a sorority girl who attempts to win back her ex-boyfriend, played by Matthew Davis, by getting a Juris Doctor degree at Harvard Law School, and in the process, overcomes stereotypes against blondes and triumphs as a successful lawyer through unflappable self-confidence and fashion/beauty knowhow.

Question: who has played the character "elle"?

Answer: Reese Witherspoon

Explanation: . Reese Witherspoon stars as Elle Woods, a


Question: inside no 9 series 4 episode 6 cast

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context:
inside no 9 series 4 episode 6 cast
UNANSWERABLE

Question: when was it first aired?

Answer: 2014

Explanation: Inside No. 9 is a British black comedy anthology television programme that first aired in 2014.


Context:
inside no 9 series 4 episode 6 cast
UNANSWERABLE
when was it first aired?
2014

Question: what is the plot of the series?

Answer: The stories are linked only by the number 9 in some way and a brass hare statue that is in the background of all episodes

Explanation: The stories are linked only by the number 9 in some way and a brass hare statue that is in the background of all episodes.


Context: inside no 9 series 4 episode 6 cast

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it first aired?

Context: what is the plot of the series?

Context: The stories are linked only by the number 9 in some way and a brass hare statue that is in the background of all episodes

Question: name some of the actors in it?

Answer: Reece Shearsmith and Steve Pemberton

Explanation: Inside No. 9 is a British black comedy anthology television programme that first aired in 2014. It is written by Reece Shearsmith and Steve Pemberton and produced by the BBC. Each 30-minute episode is a self-contained story with new characters and a new setting, and all star at least one (usually both) of Pemberton and Shearsmith


Context: inside no 9 series 4 episode 6 cast

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it first aired?

Context: what is the plot of the series?

Context: name some of the actors in it?

Context: Reece Shearsmith and Steve Pemberton

Question: where was the first actor born?

Answer: Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire

Explanation: Shearsmith was born in Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire


Context: inside no 9 series 4 episode 6 cast

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it first aired?

Context: what is the plot of the series?

Context: name some of the actors in it?

Context: Reece Shearsmith and Steve Pemberton

Context: where was the first actor born?

Context: Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire

Question: how's the weather of this place?

Answer: It generally has cool summers and relatively mild winters

Explanation: The East Riding generally has cool summers and relatively mild winters. Weather conditions vary from day to day as well as from season to season.


Context: inside no 9 series 4 episode 6 cast

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it first aired?

Context: what is the plot of the series?

Context: name some of the actors in it?

Context: Reece Shearsmith and Steve Pemberton

Context: where was the first actor born?

Context: Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire

Context: how's the weather of this place?

Context: It generally has cool summers and relatively mild winters

Question: when did the actor in discussion start his career?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: inside no 9 series 4 episode 6 cast

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it first aired?

Context: what is the plot of the series?

Context: name some of the actors in it?

Context: Reece Shearsmith and Steve Pemberton

Context: where was the first actor born?

Context: Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire

Context: how's the weather of this place?

Context: when did the actor in discussion start his career?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: when and where was the second actor born?

Answer: He was born on 1 September 1967

Explanation: Steven James Pemberton (born 1 September 1967) is an English actor, comedian and writer, best known as a member of "The League of Gentlemen" with Reece Shearsmith, Mark Gatiss, and Jeremy Dyson.


Context: inside no 9 series 4 episode 6 cast

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it first aired?

Context: what is the plot of the series?

Context: name some of the actors in it?

Context: Reece Shearsmith and Steve Pemberton

Context: where was the first actor born?

Context: Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire

Context: how's the weather of this place?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when and where was the second actor born?

Context: He was born on 1 September 1967

Question: when did he start his acting career?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: inside no 9 series 4 episode 6 cast

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it first aired?

Context: what is the plot of the series?

Context: name some of the actors in it?

Context: Reece Shearsmith and Steve Pemberton

Context: where was the first actor born?

Context: Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire

Context: how's the weather of this place?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: He was born on 1 September 1967

Context: when did he start his acting career?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what role did he play in the series in discussion?

Answer: No main role; any other role

Explanation: Though Pemberton and Shearsmith generally starred in each episode, they did not necessarily take on the main roles. Shearsmith explained this by saying that they "didn't write this for us to be in. We wrote the stories first then thought, could we be in them?" Pemberton appears in all episodes other than "The Harrowing", while Shearsmith appears in all episodes other than "Last Gasp".


Question: who provided evidence to suggest the existence of the neutron

Answer: James Chadwick.

Explanation: The essential nature of the atomic nucleus was established with the discovery of the neutron by James Chadwick in 1932 and the determination that it was a new elementary particle, distinct from the proton.


Context: who provided evidence to suggest the existence of the neutron

Context: James Chadwick.

Question: what is the above mentioned substance?

Answer: It is a subatomic particle, symbol or , which has a neutral charge.

Explanation:
The neutron is a subatomic particle, symbol or , which has a neutral (not positive or negative) charge and a mass slightly greater than that of a proton. Protons and neutrons constitute the nuclei of atoms. Since protons and neutrons behave similarly within the nucleus, and each has a mass of approximately one atomic mass unit, they are both referred to as nucleons. Their properties and interactions are described by nuclear physics.
The chemical properties of an atom are mostly determined by the configuration of electrons that orbit the atom's heavy nucleus. The electron configuration is determined by the charge of the nucleus, set by the number of protons, or atomic number. Neutrons do not affect the electron configuration, but the sum of atomic number and the number of neutrons, or neutron number, is the mass of the nucleus.


Context: James Chadwick.

Context: what is the above mentioned substance?

Context: It is a subatomic particle, symbol or , which has a neutral charge.

Question: what are its properties?

Answer: It is dependent on both atomic and neutron numbers.

Explanation: The properties of an atomic nucleus are dependent on both atomic and neutron numbers. With their positive charge, the protons within the nucleus are repelled by the long-range electromagnetic force, but the much stronger, but short-range, nuclear force binds the nucleons closely together. Neutrons are required for the stability of nuclei, with the exception of the single-proton hydrogen nucleus. Neutrons are produced copiously in nuclear fission and fusion. They are a primary contributor to the nucleosynthesis of chemical elements within stars through fission, fusion, and neutron capture processes.


Context: James Chadwick.

Context: what is the above mentioned substance?

Context: what are its properties?

Context: It is dependent on both atomic and neutron numbers.

Question: what is its nature?

Answer: The neutron has no measurable electric charge, it is influenced by magnetic fields. Its magnetic moment has a negative value, because its orientation is opposite to the neutron's spin.

Explanation:
The free neutron has a mass of 939,565,413.3 eV/c, or , or . The neutron has a mean square radius of about , or 0.8 fm, and it is a spin-½ fermion.
The neutron has no measurable electric charge. With its positive electric charge, the proton is directly influenced by electric fields, whereas the neutron is unaffected by electric fields. The neutron has a magnetic moment, however, so the neutron is influenced by magnetic fields. The neutron's magnetic moment has a negative value, because its orientation is opposite to the neutron's spin.


Context: James Chadwick.

Context: what is the above mentioned substance?

Context: what are its properties?

Context: what is its nature?

Context: The neutron has no measurable electric charge, it is influenced by magnetic fields. Its magnetic moment has a negative value, because its orientation is opposite to the neutron's spin.

Question: who is the person mentioned above?

Answer: He is a British physicist.

Explanation: Sir James Chadwick, (20 October 1891 – 24 July 1974) was a British physicist who was awarded the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the neutron in 1932. In 1941, he wrote the final draft of the MAUD Report, which inspired the U.S. government to begin serious atomic bomb research efforts. He was the head of the British team that worked on the Manhattan Project during World War II. He was knighted in Britain in 1945 for his achievements in physics.


Context: James Chadwick.

Context: what is the above mentioned substance?

Context: what are its properties?

Context: what is its nature?

Context: who is the person mentioned above?

Context: He is a British physicist.

Question: where is he from?

Answer: Bollington, Cheshire.

Explanation: James Chadwick was born in Bollington, Cheshire, on 20 October 1891, the first child of John Joseph Chadwick, a cotton spinner, and Anne Mary Knowles, a domestic servant. He was named James after his paternal grandfather. In 1895, his parents moved to Manchester, leaving him in the care of his maternal grandparents. He went to Bollington Cross Primary School, and was offered a scholarship to Manchester Grammar School, which his family had to turn down as they could not afford the small fees that still had to be paid. Instead he attended the Central Grammar School for Boys in Manchester, rejoining his parents there. He now had two younger brothers, Harry and Hubert; a sister had died in infancy. At the age of 16, he sat two examinations for university scholarships, and won both of them.


Context: James Chadwick.

Context: what is the above mentioned substance?

Context: what are its properties?

Context: what is its nature?

Context: who is the person mentioned above?

Context: He is a British physicist.

Context: where is he from?

Context: Bollington, Cheshire.

Question: where did he complete his studies?

Answer: Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt.

Explanation: Having devised a means of measuring gamma radiation, Chadwick proceeded to measure the absorption of gamma rays by various gases and liquids. This time the resulting paper was published under his name alone. He was awarded his Master of Science (MSc) degree in 1912, and was appointed a Beyer Fellow. The following year he was awarded an 1851 Exhibition Scholarship, which allowed him to study and research at a university in continental Europe. He elected to go to the Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt in Berlin in 1913, to study beta radiation under Hans Geiger. Using Geiger's recently developed Geiger counter, which provided more accuracy than the earlier photographic techniques, he was able to demonstrate that beta radiation did not produce discrete lines, as has been previously thought, but rather a continuous spectrum with peaks in certain regions. On a visit to Geiger's laboratory, Albert Einstein told Chadwick that: "I can explain either of these things, but I can't explain them


Context: James Chadwick.

Context: what is the above mentioned substance?

Context: what are its properties?

Context: what is its nature?

Context: who is the person mentioned above?

Context: He is a British physicist.

Context: where is he from?

Context: Bollington, Cheshire.

Context: where did he complete his studies?

Context: Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt.

Question: how did he spend the later years of his life?

Answer: He became the Master of Gonville and Caius College he strove to improve the academic reputation of the college. He increased the number of research fellowships from 31 to 49, and sought to bring talent into the college.

Explanation: In 1948, Chadwick accepted an offer to become the Master of Gonville and Caius College. The job was prestigious but ill-defined; the Master was the titular head of the College, but authority actually resided in a council of 13 fellows, of whom one was the Master. As Master, Chadwick strove to improve the academic reputation of the college. He increased the number of research fellowships from 31 to 49, and sought to bring talent into the college. This involved controversial decisions, such as hiring in 1951 the Chinese biochemist Tien-chin Tsao and the Hungarian-born economist Peter Bauer. In what became known as the Peasants' Revolt, fellows led by Patrick Hadley voted an old friend of Chadwick's off the council and replaced him with Bauer. More friends of Chadwick's were removed over the following years, and he retired in November 1958. It was during his mastership that Francis Crick, a PhD student at Gonville and Caius College, and James Watson discovered the structure of DNA.


Context: James Chadwick.

Context: what is the above mentioned substance?

Context: what are its properties?

Context: what is its nature?

Context: who is the person mentioned above?

Context: He is a British physicist.

Context: where is he from?

Context: Bollington, Cheshire.

Context: where did he complete his studies?

Context: Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt.

Context: how did he spend the later years of his life?

Context: He became the Master of Gonville and Caius College he strove to improve the academic reputation of the college. He increased the number of research fellowships from 31 to 49, and sought to bring talent into the college.

Question: was he known for any other work in his field?

Answer: He devised a means of measuring gamma radiation, he studied beta radiation.

Explanation: Chadwick chose to attend Victoria University of Manchester, which he entered in 1908. He meant to study mathematics, but enrolled in physics by mistake. Like most students, he lived at home, walking the to the university and back each day. At the end of his first year, he was awarded a Heginbottom Scholarship to study physics. The physics department was headed by Ernest Rutherford, who assigned research projects to final-year students, and he instructed Chadwick to devise a means of comparing the amount of radioactive energy of two different sources. The idea was that they could be measured in terms of the activity of of radium, a unit of measurement which would become known as the curie. Rutherford's suggested approach was unworkable—something Chadwick knew but was afraid to tell Rutherford—so Chadwick pressed on, and eventually devised the required method. The results became Chadwick's first paper, which, co-authored with Rutherford, was published in 1912. He graduated with first cla


Context: James Chadwick.

Context: what is the above mentioned substance?

Context: what are its properties?

Context: what is its nature?

Context: who is the person mentioned above?

Context: He is a British physicist.

Context: where is he from?

Context: Bollington, Cheshire.

Context: where did he complete his studies?

Context: Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt.

Context: was he known for any other work in his field?

Context: He devised a means of measuring gamma radiation, he studied beta radiation.

Question: when did he discover the aforementioned substance?

Answer: In 1932.


Context: James Chadwick.

Context: what is the above mentioned substance?

Context: what are its properties?

Context: what is its nature?

Context: who is the person mentioned above?

Context: He is a British physicist.

Context: where is he from?

Context: Bollington, Cheshire.

Context: where did he complete his studies?

Context: Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt.

Context: when did he discover the aforementioned substance?

Context: In 1932.

Question: where is the place of his birth located?

Answer: It is a town and civil parish in Cheshire, England, to the east of Prestbury.

Explanation:
Bollington is a town and civil parish in Cheshire, England, to the east of Prestbury. In the Middle Ages, it was part of the Earl of Chester's manor of Macclesfield and the ancient parish of Prestbury. In 2011, it had a population of 8,310.

Bollington is on the River Dean and the Macclesfield Canal, on the south-western edge of the Peak District. Rising above the town on Kerridge Hill is White Nancy, a monument built to commemorate the Battle of Waterloo.


Question: who was antiochus x eusebes?

Answer: A Hellenistic Seleucid monarch who reigned as the King of Syria

Explanation: Antiochus X Eusebes Philopator (; –92 or 88 BC) was a Hellenistic Seleucid monarch who reigned as the King of Syria between 95 BC and 92 BC or 89/88 BC (224 SE (Seleucid year)).


Context: who was antiochus x eusebes?

Context: A Hellenistic Seleucid monarch who reigned as the King of Syria

Question: where was he born?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: who was antiochus x eusebes?

Context: where was he born?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who succeeded him?

Answer: Demetrius III

Explanation: It is known from numismatic evidence that Demetrius III eventually succeeded AntiochusX in Antioch.