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Medical AI Inquiry: You were designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.
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Least common cause of pericarditis/pericardial effusion in children:
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The correct answer is  b. Sarcoidosis(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2269-2271, Ghai 8/e p 433-443)Important causes of pericarditis/pericardial effusion in children:Infectious* Viral (Coxsackie virus B, EBV, Influenza, Adenovirus); Fungal (Histoplasmosis, Actinomycosis)* Bacterial (TB, Streptococcus, Pneumococcus, Staphylococcus, Meningococcus, Mycoplasma, Tularemia, Listeria, Leptospirosis)* Immune complex (Meningococcus, Hemophilus influenzae)* Parasitic (Toxoplasmosis, Echinococcosis) Connective tissue diseasesMetabolic-endocrineRheumatoid arthritisRheumatic feverSystemic lupus erythematosusSystemic sclerosisSarcoidosisWegener granulomatosisUremiaHypothyroidismChylopericardiumOut of the causes given in the options, Sarcoidosis is the least common.