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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: AIMS, METHODOLOGY, RESULTS. Meshes: Adult, Aged, Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin, Drug Administration Schedule, Dyspepsia, Female, Gastroscopy, Helicobacter Infections, Helicobacter pylori, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Omeprazole, Peptic Ulcer, Treatment Outcome.
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Are twelve days of omeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin better than six days for treating H. pylori infection in peptic ulcer and in non-ulcer dyspepsia? Context: To evaluate whether omeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin for 12 days is more effective for Helicobacter pylori eradication than the same regimen for only 6 days; and to verify whether these eradication regimens are more effective in peptic ulcer disease than in non-ulcer dyspepsia. We studied 411 patients in whom a gastroscopy was carried out due to symptoms related to the upper gastrointestinal tract and who were diagnosed with duodenal ulcer (175 patients, 43%), gastric ulcer (42 patients, 10%), or non-ulcer dyspepsia (194 patients, 47%), and concomitant infection by H. pylori. At endoscopy, biopsies were obtained for rapid urease test, and a 13C-urea breath test was carried out. Urea breath test was repeated four weeks after completing eradication treatment with 1) omeprazole (20 mg b.i.d.), amoxicillin (1 g b.i.d.) and clarithromycin (500 mg b.i.d.) for six days (239 patients), or 2) the same regimen for 12 days (172 patients). H. pylori eradication was achieved in 73.6% (95% CI, 68-79%) of the patients treated during 6 days, and in 84.3% (79-90%) of those receiving 12 days of therapy (P<0.01). The overall eradication rate with both regimens (6 plus 12 days), respectively in patients with duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and non-ulcer dyspepsia, was 84.6% (79-90%), 75.6% (61-86%), and 72.8% (67-79%) (P<0.01 when comparing duodenal ulcer vs. non-ulcer dyspepsia). Twelve-day regimen was more effective than 6-day regimen only in non-ulcer dyspepsia (62% vs. 83%, P<0.01), but not in duodenal or gastric ulcer. In the multivariate analysis the duration (6 vs. 12 days) of eradication therapy (odds ratio: 2.2; 1.3-3.7) and the type of disease (duodenal ulcer vs. non-ulcer dyspepsia; odds ratio: 2.3; 1.3-3.8) were the only variables which influenced on H. pylori eradication efficacy (chi 2 model, 17; P<0.001).
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Efficacy with omeprazole-amoxicillin-clarithromycin regimen in patients with duodenal ulcer is higher than in those patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia. The increase of H. pylori eradication rate by 21% in our non-ulcer dyspepsia patients justifies the prolongation from 6 to 12 days of omeprazole-amoxicillin-clarithromycin therapy, whilst the increase of cure rates in duodenal or gastric ulcer patients with a 12-day therapy would not be cost-effective.