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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: BACKGROUND, OBJECTIVE, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Acetylcysteine, Animals, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic, Apoptosis, Carcinoma, Caspases, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation, Cytochromes c, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Humans, Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Nude, Mitochondria, Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms, Phytotherapy, Plant Extracts, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2, Reactive Oxygen Species, Selaginellaceae, bcl-2-Associated X Protein.
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Is reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction involved in apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE cells induced by Selaginella doederleinii extract? Context: A traditional Chinese medicine Selaginella doederleinii Hieron has been combined with radiotherapy for the treatment of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma in clinic in China. However, the detailed mechanism of anti-tumor effect of Selaginella doederleinii remains elusive. This study was designed to investigate the anti-tumor effect of ethanol extract of Selaginella doederleinii (SDE) on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its possible mechanisms. Viability, apoptosis and protein expression of tumor cells were analyzed by MTT, Annexin V staining and Western blot, respectively. Formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species was determined using dichlorofluorescin fluorescence. The in vivo anti-tumor effect was evaluated by measuring tumor volume changes and TUNEL staining in nude mice. SDE significantly inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE cells. In addition, SDE triggered the mitochondrial/caspase apoptotic pathway indicated by enhanced Bax-to-Bcl-2 ratio, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c release, and caspase cascade. Moreover, SDE provoked the generation of reactive oxygen species in CNE cells, while the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine almost completely blocked SDE-induced disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, caspases activation and apoptosis. Furthermore, a transplantable nude mice model was utilized to estimate the effectiveness of SDE in vivo. The treated mice displayed decreased tumor size, which was associated with enhanced apoptotic cell death.
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These results, offering solid evidence of the induction of mitochondria-related apoptosis in tumor cells, provide the molecular theoretical basis of clinical application of Selaginella doederleinii for the treatment of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Final Decision: yes