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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: BACKGROUND, OBJECTIVE, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Animals, CD4-CD8 Ratio, Cytokines, Down-Regulation, Erythrocytes, Escherichia coli, Hypersensitivity, Delayed, Immunity, Cellular, Immunity, Humoral, Immunoglobulins, Inflammation, Lignans, Lymphocyte Activation, Male, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Phyllanthus, Plant Extracts, Sheep.
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Does phyllanthin from Phyllanthus amarus inhibit cellular and humoral immune responses in Balb/C mice? Context: Phyllanthin found in many Phyllanthus species has various biochemical and pharmacological properties especially on its hepatoprotective effects. However, its effect on the immune system has not been well documented. In the present study, phyllanthin isolated from Phyllanthus amarus was investigated for its immunosuppressive effects on various cellular and humoral immune responses in Balb/C mice. Male mice were treated daily at 20, 40 and 100mg/kg of phyllanthin for 14 days by oral gavage. The effects of phyllanthin on cellular immune responses in treated /non treated mice were determined by measuring CD 11b/CD 18 integrin expression, phagocytosis, nitric oxide (NO) production, myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), T and B cells proliferation, lymphocyte phenotyping, serum cytokines production by activated T-cells and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH). Its effects on humoral immune responses were evaluated by determining the serum levels of lysozyme and ceruloplasmin, and immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM). Phyllanthin dose-dependently inhibited CD11b/CD18 adhesion, the engulfment of E. coli by peritoneal macrophages molecules, NO and MPO release in treated mice. Phyllanthin caused significant and dose-dependent inhibition of T and B lymphocytes proliferation and down-regulation of the Th1 (IL-2 and IFN-γ) and Th2 (IL-4) cytokines. Phyllanthin at 100mg/kg caused a significant reduction in the percentage expression of CD4
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The strong inhibitory effects of phyllanthin on the cellular and humoral immune responses suggest that phyllanthin may be a good candidate for development into an effective immunosuppressive agent. Final Decision: yes