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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Animals, B-Lymphocytes, Bone Marrow, Cell Count, Erythroid Cells, Hematopoiesis, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Immune System, Mice, Orthomyxoviridae Infections, Salmonella Infections, Animal, Spleen, Splenomegaly, Time Factors.
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Is bone marrow immunosuppression in Salmonella-infected mice prolonged following influenza virus infection? Context: It has been shown previously that infection with diverse viruses induces alterations in bone marrow lineage-specific progenitor cells. As complications arising from secondary bacterial infections can adversely affect the host, we investigated whether virally induced hematological alterations could contribute to the enhanced illness observed in such cases. Mice were infected with influenza virus alone or influenza virus followed by a vaccine strain of Salmonella typhimurium. The effects on hematopoiesis were analyzed by fluorescein-activated cell sorting analysis and immunohistology. Systemic Salmonella typhimurium infection induces depletion of bone marrow erythroid and lymphoid cells. The depletion lasted longer in mice that had been previously infected with influenza virus, compared with mice that had been previously treated with allantoic fluid. Although an increase in splenic lymphoid cells was apparent in the spleens of Salmonella-infected mice, the majority of cells in the enlarged spleens were found to be both immature and mature erythrocytes.
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These results show that bone marrow progenitor cell depletion induced by bacterial infection is prolonged following a viral infection. It is possible that hematological alterations may contribute to the enhanced clinical illness observed in consecutive viral:bacterial infections. Final Decision: yes