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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Analysis of Variance, Cohort Studies, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Linear Models, Obstetric Labor, Premature, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Prenatal Care, Probability, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Survival Rate.
user
Are multiple courses of antenatal corticosteroids associated with early severe lung disease in preterm neonates? Context: Determine whether the increased neonatal mortality following repeated courses of antenatal corticosteroids (ANCS), observed in the Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) Trial, was related to confounding maternal risk factors or specific preterm morbidities. A post hoc analysis of 595 TRH trial neonates, 26 to 32 weeks' gestation, studied the association between > or =3 courses ANCS and mortality. Potential confounding maternal factors and preterm morbidities were evaluated using logistic regression and log likelihood modeling. Mortality was 9.2% after > or =3 courses (13/141) vs. 4.8% after 1 or 2 courses (22/454). This association was not explained by maternal factors, or other common preterm morbidities. However, 15/141 infants receiving > or =3 courses (10.6%) had early severe lung disease (ESLD) with 10 deaths, compared to 16/454 of the 1- to 2-course infants (3.5%) with 7 deaths (odds ratio 3.5, p<0.001).
assistant
ESLD, but not maternal risk factors, was associated with increased mortality in preterm infants after > or =3 courses ANCS. Final Decision: yes