system
Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: BACKGROUND, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Animals, Calpain, Dipeptides, Disease Models, Animal, Erectile Dysfunction, Glycoproteins, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Nerve Crush, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I, Parasympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic, Penile Erection, Penis, Prostatectomy, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Smad2 Protein, Spectrin, Transforming Growth Factor beta1, Treatment Outcome.
user
Does calpain Inhibition improve Erectile Function in a Rat Model of Cavernous Nerve Injury? Context: Erectile dysfunction (ED) after cavernous nerve (CN) injury remains difficult to treat. Calpain plays a critical role in causing neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to evaluate whether calpain inhibition preserves erectile function in a rat model of CN injury. Rats underwent sham surgery or CN crush injury. The CN-crushed rats were treated with vehicle or MDL-28170, a specific calpain inhibitor. At 1, 2, 3, and 7 days post-surgery, major pelvic ganglia (MPG) were harvested, followed by the measurement of erectile function, respectively. At 28 days, penile tissue and distal CN were harvested, followed by the measurement of erectile function in rats. Calpain activity in MPG and corpus cavernosum, as well as TGF-β1/Smad2 and collagen content in corpus cavernosum, were measured by western blot. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) was observed by immunohistochemistry. Increased calpain activity was observed in MPG and corpus cavernosum. CN crush markedly attenuated the erectile responses and nNOS expression in CN, and these were improved by MDL-28170 treatment. Furthermore, treatment prevented increased TGF-β1/Smad2 and collagen expression in corpus cavernosum.
assistant
Our results suggested that calpain activation plays a role in pathogenesis of CN injury-associated ED. Calpain inhibition could be a novel approach for preventing the development of ED following CN injury. Final Decision: yes