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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: 3T3-L1 Cells, Adipocytes, Adipogenesis, Adiponectin, Adiposity, Animals, Apoptosis, Azoxymethane, Cell Proliferation, Colon, Colonic Neoplasms, Cyclin D1, Dextran Sulfate, Diterpenes, Abietane, Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases, HT29 Cells, Humans, Insulin, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Interleukin-6, Leptin, Male, Mice, Plant Extracts, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Receptor, Insulin, Receptors, Leptin, STAT3 Transcription Factor, bcl-X Protein.
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Does carnosic acid suppress colon tumor formation in association with antiadipogenic activity? Context: This study determined the efficacy of carnosic acid (CA) for suppressing colon carcinogenesis associated with excess adiposity. Cell growth regulation by CA was evaluated in HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma cells cocultured with 3T3-L1 adipocytes. To determine the in vivo efficacies, male A/J mice were divided into four groups and fed one of the following experimental diets for 11 wk: 15% fat, 45% fat, 45% fat + 0.01% CA, or 45% fat + 0.02% CA. Azoxymethane was administered at the beginning of experimental diet and two cycles of dextran sodium sulfate were supplied 1 wk after the azoxymethane injection. The proliferation of HT-29 cells cocultured with 3T3-L1 cells was significantly higher than proliferation of control cells (p < 0.05). CA treatment suppressed the growth of cocultured HT-29 cells through cell cycle arrest and enhanced apoptosis by inhibiting leptin receptor (Ob-R) signaling, including Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation. CA supplementation in vivo decreased the number of colon tumors and reduced circulating concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor 1. Colonic expression of Ob-R, insulin receptor (IR), p-Akt, p-ERK, B-cell lymphoma extra large (Bcl-xL), and cyclinD1 protein was also suppressed in animals fed CA.
assistant
CA appears to alleviate adipocity-related acceleration of colon tumor formation. Final Decision: yes