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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, METHODS, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary, C-Reactive Protein, Caspase 1, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Heart Ventricles, Humans, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular, Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein, Interleukin-1, Interleukin-18, Interleukin-1beta, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Natriuretic Peptide, Brain, Peptide Fragments, Stroke Volume, Transforming Growth Factor beta1, Troponin T, Ventricular Remodeling.
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Are increased interleukin-1β levels associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and remodelling following acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention? Context: To assess the relationship between interleukin (IL)-1-related molecules, infarct size and left ventricular (LV) remodelling following acute myocardial infarction (MI). Forty-two patients with first-time diagnosis of ST segment elevation MI (STEMI), with a single occluded vessel successfully revascularized by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), were recruited to this observational study conducted at a university teaching hospital and followed for 1 year. Plasma levels of IL-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), IL-18 and caspase-1 were analysed before and 2 days, 1 week and 2 months after PCI. Serial cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) was used for the assessment of infarct size and LV remodelling. CMR findings at 1 year was the primary outcome variable. Univariate analysis showed that IL-1-related mediators were strongly (IL-1 β), moderately (caspase-1) and weakly (IL-1Ra) associated with impaired myocardial function and noninfarct mass, but not infarct size, 1 year after reperfused STEMI. In multivariate analyses, troponin T predicted LV ejection fraction (LVEF), infarct size and LV end-diastolic (LVEDVi) and end-systolic volume index (LVESVi). However, significant additional variance was explained by IL-1β, IL-18 and caspase-1. IL-1β levels at 2 months, IL-18 at 2 days and pre-PCI caspase-1 were predictors of LVEF. Caspase-1 and in particular IL-1β at 2 days were the only predictors of noninfarct mass. IL-1β and IL-18 at 2 days were predictors of LVEDVi, whilst pre-PCI levels of IL-1β contributed to prediction of LVESVi. By contrast, pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, C-reactive protein, IL-6 and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) had no or only a weak (TGF-β1) association with these CMR parameters in multivariate analyses.
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IL-1β levels after STEMI were strongly associated with impaired myocardial function and noninfarct LV mass after 1 year, suggesting a potential role for IL-1β as a predictor of maladaptive myocardial remodelling following reperfused MI. Final Decision: yes