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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Adolescent, Case-Control Studies, Celiac Disease, Cell Cycle, Child, Child, Preschool, Chromosome Aberrations, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glutens, Humans, Infant, Longitudinal Studies, Lymphocytes, Male, Patient Compliance.
user
Does gluten-free diet have a beneficial effect on chromosome instability in lymphocytes of children with coeliac disease? Context: Children with coeliac disease (CD) have an increased number of chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Whether genetically determined or a secondary phenomenon in CD, chromosome abnormalities may be involved in the predisposition to cancer in CD patients. The aim of the study was to follow a group of children with CD in whom the initial frequency of chromosome aberrations at diagnosis was known and to measure the same variable after a minimum of 2 years on a gluten-free diet. Chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes were determined in 17 patients with CD, before and after at least 24 months of a gluten free diet (mean, 33 months), and in 15 healthy children. The differences in the frequency of aberrations were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test. Twelve patients adhered to the diet and had a significantly lower frequency of chromosome aberrations than did 5 patients not following the diet (0.16% v 1.2%; P = 0.03), whereas at presentation there had been no difference (1.54% v 1.2%; P = 0.09). The frequency of aberrations at follow-up in patients who were diet adherent was significantly lower than at presentation (1.54% v 0.16%; P = 0.02) and remained unchanged in patients who were not diet adherent (1.2% v 1.2%; P = 1). After at least 24 months of a gluten-free diet, children with CD did not differ from healthy control subjects (0.16% v 0.27%; P = 0.54), whereas children not following the diet had an increased frequency of aberrations (1.2% v 0.27%; P = 0.05).
assistant
The frequency of chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with CD decreased significantly on a gluten-free diet. We conclude that genomic instability is a secondary phenomenon, possibly caused by chronic intestinal inflammation. Final Decision: yes