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Medical AI Inquiry: You were designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.
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A 70-year-old caucasian woman presents to her primary care provider complaining of a heavy cough with blood-tinged sputum. Her cough has bothered her for the last 2 weeks. Over the counter medications are no longer alleviating her symptoms. She also reports that she has unintentionally lost 6.8 kg (15 lb) in the last 5 months. Her past medical history is significant for peptic ulcer disease that was positive for H. pylori on biopsy and was treated with triple-drug therapy. She is a lifetime non-smoker and worked as a teacher before retiring at the age of 60. Today, her temperature is 36.9°C (98.4°F), blood pressure is 128/82 mm Hg, pulse is 87/min, and pulse oximetry is 90% on room air. On physical exam, her heart has a regular rate and rhythm. Auscultation of the lungs revealed scattered crackles and wheezes. A CT scan of the lungs shows an irregular mass in the peripheral region of the inferior lobe of the right lung and a CT guided biopsy is positive for malignant tissue architecture and gland formation with a significant amount of mucus. Which of the following risk factors most likely predisposed this patient to her condition?
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