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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, RESULTS. Meshes: Administration, Oral, Animals, Aorta, Aortic Diseases, Apolipoproteins E, Arteriosclerosis, Aryldialkylphosphatase, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Body Weight, Cholesterol, Dietary Supplements, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Esterases, Humans, Insulin, Lipid Peroxidation, Lipids, Macrophages, Peritoneal, Male, Mice, Oxidative Stress.
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Does oral insulin supplementation attenuate atherosclerosis progression in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice? Context: The role of insulin in atherosclerosis progression in diabetes is uncertain. We examined the effects of oral insulin supplementation on atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (E(0)) mice. One-month-old male E(0) mice were orally supplemented with human insulin (0.1, 0.5, and 1 U/mL) or placebo for 3 months. At the end of the study, serum and macrophage oxidative stress and atherosclerosis progression were studied. Insulin reduced lesion size by 22% to 37% (P<0.05) in all study groups. Lipid peroxides serum levels were 18% lower (P<0.01), and serum paraoxonase activity was 30% higher (P<0.01) in mice supplemented with 1.0 U/mL insulin compared with controls. Insulin reduced mouse peritoneal macrophage (MPM) lipid peroxides content and superoxide anion release by up to 44% and 62%, respectively (P<0.01). In addition, oral insulin reduced MPM cholesterol content and cholesterol biosynthesis by up to 36% and 53%, respectively (P<0.01). In vitro incubation of E(0) mice MPM with increasing insulin concentrations (0 to 100 micro U/mL) resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of cholesterol synthesis by up to 66% (P<0.05).
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In E(0) mice, oral insulin supplementation attenuates the atherosclerotic process. This may be attributable to insulin-mediated reduction of oxidative stress in serum and macrophages as well as reduction in macrophage cholesterol content. Final Decision: yes