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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Antibodies, Monoclonal, Bone Marrow Cells, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Genotype, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Humans, Immunization, Passive, Immunoglobulin G, Infant, Neuroblastoma, Polymorphism, Genetic, Receptors, IgG, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Survival Analysis.
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Is fCGR2A polymorphism correlated with clinical outcome after immunotherapy of neuroblastoma with anti-GD2 antibody and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor? Context: Anti-GD2 murine IgG3 antibody 3F8 kills neuroblastoma cells by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhances phagocyte-mediated ADCC. The differential affinity of the human FCGR polymorphic alleles for 3F8 may influence the effectiveness of antibody immunotherapy. The entire cohort of high risk neuroblastoma patients (N = 136) treated on protocol using 3F8 and GM-CSF were the subjects of this analysis. Tumor response was measured by standard clinical tools plus sensitive molecular monitoring using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Polymorphic alleles of FCGR2A and FCGR3A were determined by PCR plus direct sequencing using genomic DNA samples obtained from marrow or blood of patients. FCGR2A (R/R) genotype correlated with progression-free survival for the entire cohort (P = .049) and for the subset of patients with no history of prior relapse (P = .023). FCGR2A (R/R) also correlated with marrow remission 2.5 months after treatment initiation: by histology (P = .021 and P = .036, for the entire cohort and the subset, respectively) and by qRT-PCR (P = .052 and P = .033, respectively).
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The favorable outcome associated with FCGR2A (R/R) genotype is consistent with the proposed role of FCGR2A and phagocyte-mediated ADCC in 3F8 plus GM-CSF immunotherapy. Final Decision: yes