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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, METHODS, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Adult, Aged, Antitubercular Agents, Bronchodilator Agents, Drug Interactions, Drug Therapy, Combination, Ethambutol, Female, Humans, Isoniazid, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Pyrazinamide, Rifampin, Theophylline, Time Factors, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary.
user
Is the clearance of theophylline increased during the initial period of tuberculosis treatment? Context: To evaluate the effects of combined anti-tuberculosis treatment including isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RMP), ethambutol (EMB) and pyrazinamide (PZA), on the pharmacokinetics of theophylline during the initial phase of treatment. Prospective, controlled clinical study. Twenty patients with pulmonary tuberculosis received 7.35 mg/kg/day of aminophylline intravenously combined with anti-tuberculosis agents. The first theophylline serum concentration was measured before administration of INH, RMP, EMB and PZA, and samples were obtained once daily for 6 consecutive days after initiation of treatment. All patients in this study were non-smokers with normal hepatic and renal function, and they were not given any other drugs that could affect the clearance of theophylline. The concentration and half-life of theophylline was decreased and its clearance was increased significantly at days 5-7 after administration of antituberculosis agents compared to before the therapy was started.
assistant
These results suggest that patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease administered combinations of anti-tuberculosis agents and theophylline during the initial phase of tuberculosis treatment should be monitored closely for changes in theophylline concentration, and that the dose of theophylline should be adjusted accordingly. Final Decision: yes