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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, AlkB Homolog 3, Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase, Animals, Carcinoma, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Survival, Cytokine TWEAK, DNA Repair Enzymes, Dioxygenases, Endothelial Cells, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Humans, Male, Membrane Glycoproteins, Mice, Microvessels, Middle Aged, NADPH Oxidase 2, NADPH Oxidases, Neoplasm Staging, Neovascularization, Pathologic, RNA, Small Interfering, Reactive Oxygen Species, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Signal Transduction, TWEAK Receptor, Tumor Necrosis Factors, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms, Urothelium, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A.
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Does aLKBH3 contribute to survival and angiogenesis of human urothelial carcinoma cells through NADPH oxidase and tweak/Fn14/VEGF signals? Context: The role and function of a novel human AlkB homologue, ALKBH3, in human urothelial carcinoma development were examined. Biologic roles of ALKBH3 were examined by gene silencing analysis using in vitro and in vivo siRNA transfection. Immunohistochemical analyses of ALKBH3 and the related molecules using human bladder cancer samples were conducted to estimate the association with clinicopathologic or prognostic parameters. ALKBH3 knockdown induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase through downregulation of NAD(P)H oxidase-2 (NOX-2)-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ALKBH3 knockdown reduced VEGF expression by reducing expression of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (Tweak) and its receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14). Silencing of ALKBH3 or Tweak significantly suppressed invasion and angiogenesis of urothelial carcinoma in vivo as assessed both by a chorioallantoic membrane assay and in an orthotopic mouse model. Interestingly, not only urothelial carcinoma cells but also vascular endothelial cells within cancer foci expressed Fn14, which was strongly reduced by ALKBH3 and Tweak knockdown in vivo, suggesting that ALKBH3-dependent expression of Tweak stabilizes Fn14. Immunohistochemical examination showed high expression of ALKBH3, Tweak, and Fn14 in urothelial carcinoma, especially in high-grade, superficially, and deeply invasive carcinomas; moreover, Fn14-positive vessel counts within cancer foci were increased in invasive phenotypes.
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ALKBH3 contributes to development of urothelial carcinomas by accelerating their survival, angiogenesis, and invasion through NOX-2-ROS and Tweak/Fn14-VEGF signals. Final Decision: yes