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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: BACKGROUND, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Adipose Tissue, Adult, Aged, Female, Flow Cytometry, HLA Antigens, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents, Isoantibodies, Kidney Transplantation, Living Donors, Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed, Male, Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Middle Aged, T-Lymphocytes, Tissue and Organ Harvesting.
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Do donor-derived mesenchymal stem cells suppress alloreactivity of kidney transplant patients? Context: Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have immunosuppressive capacities. Although their efficacy is currently studied in graft-versus-host disease, their effect on alloreactivity in solid organ transplant patients is unknown. In this study, the immunosuppressive effect of MSC on recipient anti-donor reactivity was examined before and after clinical kidney transplantation. Anti-donor reactivity was established in pretransplant and posttransplant mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) of 14 living-kidney donor-recipient pairs. MSC from donors and third-party controls were added to the MLR in a ratio of 1:5. MSC were isolated from donor perirenal fat and showed multilineage differentiation potential and the capacity to inhibit lymphocyte proliferation. The immunosuppressive effect of MSC was dose dependent and mediated by cell-membrane contact and soluble factors, including interleukin-10 and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase.Donor-derived MSC significantly inhibited the recipient anti-donor reactivity before and 1 month after transplantation. This effect was independent of human leukocyte antigen background of MSC. Flow cytometric analysis showed that MSC inhibited the proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte subsets in pretransplant and posttransplant donor-directed MLR, whereas MSC had no effect on B- or natural killer-cell proliferation.
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Donor MSC significantly inhibited the proliferation of alloactivated recipient T cells before and after kidney transplantation. We believe these findings should encourage MSC-based intervention in clinical organ transplantation. Final Decision: yes