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Medical AI Inquiry: You were designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.
user
A 78-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of a 3-week history of productive cough, swelling of the legs and feet, and fatigue. He has had progressive dyspnea on exertion for the past 2 months. Twelve years ago, he received a porcine valve replacement for severe mitral valve regurgitation. He has coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. He has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 60 years and drinks one beer daily. Current medications include aspirin, simvastatin, ramipril, metoprolol, metformin, and hydrochlorothiazide. He appears pale. He is 179 cm (5 ft 9 in) tall and weighs 127 kg (279.9 lb); BMI is 41.3 kg/m2. His temperature is 37.1°C (98.9°F), respirations are 22/min, pulse is 96/min, and blood pressure is 146/94 mm Hg. Bilateral basilar rales are heard on auscultation of the lungs. Cardiac examination shows a laterally displaced apical heartbeat. A grade 3/6, decrescendo-crescendo diastolic murmur is heard over the apex. There is bilateral pitting edema of the feet and ankles. The remainder of the examination shows no abnormalities. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's symptoms?
assistant
Valve degeneration