system
Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: BACKGROUND, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Czech Republic, Female, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Linear Models, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced, Population Surveillance, Radioactive Fallout, Thyroid Neoplasms, Ukraine.
user
Does thyroid cancer have increased in the adult populations of countries moderately affected by Chernobyl fallout? Context: The incidence of thyroid carcinoma increased among children affected by Chernobyl fallout. Less evidence exists for a corresponding effect in adolescents and adults. The Cancer Registry of the Czech Republic provides an opportunity to study various determinants of the occurrence of thyroid cancer. Anonymous population-based incidence data on thyroid carcinoma of the Czech Republic from 1976 to 1999 were obtained from the Czech Statistical Office (CSO) and the Institute of Health Information and Statistics (IHIS). This study covers 247 million person-years. Linear logistic regression models allowing for possible changes in slope (change-points) are suggested for the trends of incidence proportions. From 1976 to 1999 a uniform annual increase of 2.0% per year was found in the directly age-standardized thyroid cancer incidence proportion (95%-CI: 1.3-2.7, p<0.0001). From 1990 on, we observed an additional significant increase in the thyroid cancer incidence of 2.6% per year (95%-CI:1.2-4.1, p=0.0003). This effect (change-point) is essentially independent of age but dependent on gender: females 2.9% per year (95%-CI: 1.3-4.7, p=0.0006), males 1.8% per year (95%-CI: -1.0-4.7,p=0.2127). The estimated minimum latency period for the population as a whole is 4 years.
assistant
Although the Czech Republic received only a relatively moderate amount of radioactive fallout,an unexpected uniformly accelerated increase of thyroid cancer in all age categories is seen from 1990 onwards. Therefore one should look carefully at collective dose and at the group of persons low in individual organ dose but high in number. Final Decision: yes