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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Biomarkers, Biopsy, Chemokine CCL2, Child, Preschool, Epidermal Growth Factor, Female, Gene Expression, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, In Situ Hybridization, Infant, Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous, RNA, Messenger, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction.
user
Is xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis associated with higher tissue expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1? Context: Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a chronic inflammation of the kidney characterized by destruction and replacement of its parenchyma with granulomatous tissue. It is associated with both chronic urinary obstruction and urinary tract infection (UTI). We studied two children with chronic ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) and recurrent UTI nephrectomized for poor kidney function. An intraoperative renal biopsy was taken to relate the presence of infiltrating monocytes plus tubular atrophy to tissue expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). XGP was diagnosed by a pathologist in both cases. MCP-1 expression was significantly higher in the two patients compared with the controls or patients with uncomplicated UPJO. It also correlated with the extent of monocyte infiltration, whereas EGF was only significantly downregulated when compared with the controls.
assistant
MCP-1 would seem to play a key role in the pathogenesis of XGP by mediating the recruitment of circulating monocytes or by cells resident in the interstitial space. Final Decision: yes