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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Chest Tubes, Child, Child, Preschool, Denmark, Empyema, Pleural, Female, Humans, Incidence, Length of Stay, Male, Pleural Effusion, Pneumonia, Bacterial, Retrospective Studies, Tertiary Care Centers, Thoracostomy, Treatment Failure.
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Does seventeen-year study show rise in parapneumonic effusion and empyema with higher treatment failure after chest tube drainage? Context: To evaluate epidemiology, pre-admission characteristics and management of paediatric parapneumonic effusions (PPEs) and empyema in a tertiary paediatric pulmonary centre between 1993 and 2010. Retrospective chart review study using paediatric and thoracic database searches, with particular emphasis on pre-admission characteristics, disease stage (simple or complex effusion or empyema), general management and surgical procedures. One hundred children were eligible, exhibiting a significant increase in incidence from 0.5 to 2.6 per 100 000 across the study period. Baseline characteristics were similar across disease stages. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common pathogen. Surgical intervention beyond chest tube drainage (CTD) was required in 50%; this rate showed a particular increase in children aged 0-5 years (OR, 3.1), but was otherwise not influenced by baseline characteristics, disease stage or use of intrapleural fibrinolytics. Length of hospitalisation did not differ across disease stages or primary interventional procedures.
assistant
This study confirmed an increasing incidence of PPEs and empyema in a Scandinavian tertiary paediatric pulmonary centre. Young children exhibited higher treatment failure after CTD. Length of hospitalisation was similar across disease stages and was comparable to previous reports according to primary interventional procedure. Final Decision: yes