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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, RESULTS. Meshes: Animals, Antibodies, Antinuclear, Cell Proliferation, Coated Materials, Biocompatible, Coronary Restenosis, Coronary Vessels, Disease Models, Animal, Drug-Eluting Stents, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Graft Occlusion, Vascular, Humans, Male, MicroRNAs, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Middle Aged, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, Neointima, Prosthesis Design, Rats, Rats, Nude.
user
Does local MicroRNA Modulation Using a Novel Anti-miR-21-Eluting Stent Effectively prevent Experimental In-Stent Restenosis? Context: Despite advances in stent technology for vascular interventions, in-stent restenosis (ISR) because of myointimal hyperplasia remains a major complication. We investigated the regulatory role of microRNAs in myointimal hyperplasia/ISR, using a humanized animal model in which balloon-injured human internal mammary arteries with or without stenting were transplanted into Rowett nude rats, followed by microRNA profiling. miR-21 was the only significantly upregulated candidate. In addition, miR-21 expression was increased in human tissue samples from patients with ISR compared with coronary artery disease specimen. We systemically repressed miR-21 via intravenous fluorescein-tagged-locked nucleic acid-anti-miR-21 (anti-21) in our humanized myointimal hyperplasia model. As expected, suppression of vascular miR-21 correlated dose dependently with reduced luminal obliteration. Furthermore, anti-21 did not impede reendothelialization. However, systemic anti-miR-21 had substantial off-target effects, lowering miR-21 expression in liver, heart, lung, and kidney with concomitant increase in serum creatinine levels. We therefore assessed the feasibility of local miR-21 suppression using anti-21-coated stents. Compared with bare-metal stents, anti-21-coated stents effectively reduced ISR, whereas no significant off-target effects could be observed.
assistant
This study demonstrates the efficacy of an anti-miR-coated stent for the reduction of ISR. Final Decision: yes