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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, METHODS, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Disease Susceptibility, Gene Frequency, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Intensive Care Units, Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A, Polymorphism, Genetic, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult, Respiratory Insufficiency.
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Does angiotensin-converting enzyme D allele influence susceptibility to acute hypoxic respiratory failure in children? Context: The D allele of the I/D polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene has been associated with an increased risk of ARDS in critically ill adults and severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in pre-term infants. We hypothesised that the presence of the hypoxia-associated ACE D allele would increase susceptibility to acute hypoxic respiratory failure (AHRF) in a cohort of critically ill children. Single-centre prospective observational cohort study. Children under 16 years of age requiring admission to a tertiary general PICU. A total of 216 Caucasian patients were enrolled. Thirty (13.9%) children developed AHRF and 13 were diagnosed with ARDS (6.0%). There was no significant difference in ACE D allele frequency between patient groups with or without AHRF (0.53 vs. 0.54).
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Variation in ACE activity does not influence the development of paediatric AHRF. This may reflect a different pathogenesis from adult ARDS. Final Decision: no