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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVES, DESIGN, SETTING, PATIENTS, INTERVENTIONS, MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES, RESULTS. Meshes: Adolescent, Analysis of Variance, Child, Child, Preschool, Diet, Reducing, Disorders of Excessive Somnolence, Female, Humans, Male, Obesity, Polysomnography, Prader-Willi Syndrome, Regression Analysis, Sleep Apnea Syndromes, Weight Loss.
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Is excessive daytime sleepiness characteristic of Prader-Willi syndrome? Context: To assess nighttime and daytime sleep patterns in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome and to examine the effects of weight change on excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with this disorder. Case series (within-subject design). A university sleep disorders center. Eight patients (5 males and 3 females), ranging in age from 5.5 to 21 years, who met the diagnostic criteria for Prader-Willi syndrome. Overnight sleep polysomnographic recording and daytime Multiple Sleep Latency Test. Four of the 8 patients were restudied after their weight had changed. Changes in the sleep disordered breathing rate and Multiple Sleep Latency Test measures. Sleep-disordered breathing occurred in all patients and was principally characterized by obstructive hypoventilation or episodes of apnea that occurred primarily during rapid eye movement sleep. After weight reduction, 3 patients had respiratory values that were within the broad normal range (disordered breathing rate,<15 breaths per hour). Statistically significant (P<.05) weight loss effects occurred during nonrapid eye movement sleep (decrease with weight loss, F = 6.243). Excessive daytime sleepiness was documented in 6 of 7 patients who completed the Multiple Sleep Latency Test. Excessive daytime sleepiness was not consistently correlated with body weight or any of the nocturnal sleep variables.
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A sleep-related breathing disorder occurred during rapid eye movement and nonrapid eye movement sleep and improved with weight change in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome, emphasizing the importance of weight reduction in clinical management. However, excessive daytime sleepiness persisted despite a reduction in sleep-disordered breathing after weight loss, suggesting a primary disturbance of sleep. Our findings provide additional support for the view that primary hypersomnia is a characteristic feature of the Prader-Willi syndrome.