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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: BACKGROUND, RESULTS. Meshes: Adult, Blotting, Western, Cell Line, Death, Sudden, Cardiac, ERG1 Potassium Channel, Electrophysiology, Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels, Female, Glutamic Acid, Humans, Kidney, Long QT Syndrome, Lysine, Male, Microscopy, Confocal, Middle Aged, Mutation, Missense, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Pedigree, Peptides, Phenotype, Piperidines, Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Proteins, Pyridines.
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Does novel mutation in the Per-Arnt-Sim domain of KCNH2 cause a malignant form of long-QT syndrome? Context: It has been proposed that the highest risk for cardiac events in patients with long-QT syndrome subtype 2 (LQT2) is related to mutations in the pore region of the KCNH2 channel. It has also been suggested that a subpopulation of LQT2 patients may benefit from pharmacological therapy with modified KCNH2 channel-blocking drugs. In a large LQT2 family (n=33), we have identified a novel nonpore missense mutation (K28E) in the Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) domain of the KCNH2 channel associated with a malignant phenotype: One third of the suspected gene carriers experienced a major cardiac event. Wild-type and K28E-KCNH2 channels were transiently transfected in HEK293 cells. For the mutant channel, whole-cell patch-clamp analysis showed a reduced current density, a negative shift of voltage-dependent channel availability, and an increased rate of deactivation. Western blot analysis and confocal imaging revealed a trafficking deficiency for the mutant channel that could be rescued by the K+ channel blocker E-4031. In cells containing both wild-type and mutant channels, deactivation kinetics were normal. In these cells, reduced current density was restored with E-4031.
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Our data suggest that besides pore mutations, mutations in the PAS domain may also exhibit a malignant outcome. Pharmacological restoration of current density is promising as a mutation-specific therapy for patients carrying this trafficking-defective mutant. Final Decision: yes