system
Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Colonic Neoplasms, Gene Knockdown Techniques, HCT116 Cells, HMGB1 Protein, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Lymphangiogenesis, Lymphatic Metastasis, NF-kappa B, Statistics, Nonparametric, Transfection, Up-Regulation, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C.
user
Is high-mobility group box 1 protein activating nuclear factor-κB to upregulate vascular endothelial growth factor C involved in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic node metastasis in colon cancer? Context: To investigate the roles of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic node metastasis in colon cancer. Archival tumour specimens from patients with colon cancer were analysed in this retrospective immunohistochemical study. HMGB1, vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) and podoplanin protein levels were analysed immunohistochemically. In vitro studies using the colon cancer cell line HCT116 were also undertaken to investigate the relationship between HMGB1, VEGF-C and nuclear factor (NF)-κB. Specimens from 70 patients with colon cancer were reviewed. The presence of positive HMGB1 immunohistochemical staining significantly correlated with lymphatic microvessel density, lymph node metastasis and VEGF-C immunohistochemical staining in colon cancer specimens. The presence of positive VEGF-C immunohistochemical staining significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis. The in vitro studies demonstrated that HMGB1 upregulated VEGF-C mRNA and protein in a dose-dependent manner in HCT116 cells, and that this was mediated via NF-κB.
assistant
HMGB1 immunohistochemical staining was significantly associated with lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic node metastasis in colon cancer. There was evidence that HMGB1 upregulates VEGF-C by activating NF-κB in a colon cancer cell line. Final Decision: yes