system
Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Anthraquinones, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation, Chitosan, Cyclin D1, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Down-Regulation, Drug Compounding, Excipients, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Humans, Morinda, Nanoparticles, Protein Processing, Post-Translational.
user
Do damnacanthal and its nanoformulation exhibit anti-cancer activity via cyclin D1 down-regulation? Context: Damnacanthal is an anthraquinone isolated from the root of Morinda citrifolia L. (noni), and it exhibits many pharmacological properties, including anti-cancer activity. Damnacanthal targets several signal transduction proteins related to cell growth inhibition or apoptosis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which damnacanthal affects cell cycle regulation have not been elucidated in detail. Cyclin D1 is an important regulatory protein in cell cycle progression and is overexpressed in many cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of damnacanthal on cyclin D1 expression. We found that damnacanthal inhibited growth of several cancer cell lines (HCT-116, HT-29, MCF-7 and PC-3) in a dose- and time-dependent manner with a decrease in cyclin D1 protein expression. Damnacanthal did not change mRNA of cyclin D1; rather it suppressed cyclin D1 expression at the post-translational level. Subsequent experiments with several mutant cyclin D1 constructs suggest that the lysine sites of cyclin D1 play a pivotal role in damnacanthal-mediated cyclin D1 degradation. Furthermore, damnacanthal was encapsulated in self-assembled chitosan nanoparticles to improve both physicochemical and biological activities.
assistant
Our results suggest that encapsulated damnacanthal exhibits better activity in cell growth inhibition, compared to non-encapsulated damnacanthal. Thus, damnacanthal has potential to be a candidate for the development of chemoprevention or therapeutic agents for cancers. Final Decision: yes