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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: BACKGROUND, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Animals, Apoptosis, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Cancer Vaccines, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Membrane, Cell Survival, Cytoplasm, Cytotoxicity, Immunologic, Female, HN Protein, Humans, Lung Neoplasms, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Nude, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Newcastle disease virus, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic, Transfection, Vaccines, DNA, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays.
user
Is the anti-tumor effect of Newcastle disease virus HN protein influenced by differential subcellular targeting? Context: Immunotherapy is emerging as a major player in the current standard of care for aggressive cancers such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The Newcastle disease virus with its tumor-specific replicative and oncolytic abilities is a promising immunotherapeutic candidate. A DNA vaccine expressing the major immunogenic hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein of this virus has shown promising results as an immunotherapeutic agent. In the present study, three different DNA vaccine constructs encoding differentially targeted HN proteins (cytoplasmic or Cy-HN, secreted or Sc-HN and membrane-anchored or M-HN) were generated to evaluate their anti-tumor effect in vitro and in vivo. Although all three DNA constructs elicited an immune response, tumor-bearing mice intratumorally injected with M-HN demonstrated a significantly better anti-tumor effect than those injected with Cy-HN or Sc-HN. We also showed that this anti-tumor effect was mediated by higher lymphocyte proliferative response and CTL activity in mice intratumorally injected with M-HN.
assistant
The membrane-anchored form of the HN protein appears to be an ideal candidate to develop as an immunotherapeutic agent for NSCLC. Final Decision: yes