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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: BACKGROUND, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Apoptosis, Baculoviral IAP Repeat-Containing 3 Protein, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Cell Line, Tumor, Chemoradiotherapy, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Fluorouracil, Humans, Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins, Mouth Neoplasms, Prognosis, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases, Up-Regulation.
user
Does overexpression of cIAP2 contribute to 5-FU resistance and a poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma? Context: Resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a major obstacle in treating oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, little is known about apoptosis resistance, which contributes to 5-FU resistance in OSCC. We focussed on the cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2 (cIAP2) on the basis of a DNA microarray data using parental and 5-FU-resistant OSCC cell lines. The effects of cIAP2 downregulation on 5-FU sensitivity and apoptosis were evaluated. An immunohistochemical analysis of cIAP2 and related proteins, cIAP1 and X-linked IAP, was performed in 54 OSCC patients who were treated with 5-FU-based chemoradiotherapy and surgery. The downregulation of cIAP2 significantly enhanced the sensitivity of the 5-FU-resistant cells to 5-FU, with a significant increase in apoptosis. The immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated a high cIAP2 tumour expression to significantly correlate with the pathological response to chemoradiotherapy. Furthermore, a Cox regression analysis revealed the cIAP2 expression status (hazard ratio, 4.91; P=0.037) and the pathological response to chemoradiotherapy (hazard ratio, 0.418; P=0.016) to be significant prognostic factors for OSCC patients.
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These novel findings demonstrate that cIAP2 may represent a potentially useful therapeutic target for improving the treatment and survival of OSCC patients, particularly in the setting of 5-FU resistance. Final Decision: yes