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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: BACKGROUND, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Adult, Alphapapillomavirus, Cohort Studies, Female, Genotype, HIV, HIV Infections, HIV Seropositivity, Humans, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Middle Aged, Papillomavirus Infections, Prevalence, Proportional Hazards Models, Risk Factors, Sex Work, South Africa, Statistics, Nonparametric.
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Is high-risk human papillomavirus associated with HIV acquisition among South African female sex workers? Context: Mounting evidence suggests an association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and HIV acquisition. This study aimed to explore this association among South African female sex workers (FSWs). We used data from 88 HIV-negative FSWs who participated in a vaginal gel (COL-1492) trial. Cervicovaginal rinse samples, obtained before HIV-seroconversion, were genotyped into high-risk (HR-) and low-risk (LR-) HPV. HIV-adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Cox survival analysis. HR- and LR-HPV prevalences were 70.5% (95% CI:60.5-79.2) and 60.2% (95% CI:49.9-70.0), respectively. Twenty-five women HIV seroconverted. Controlling for background characteristics and other sexually transmitted infections, HIV aHR increased by a factor of 1.7 (95% CI:1.01-2.7, P(linear trend) = 0.045) for an increase of one unit of the number of HR-HPV genotypes.
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HIV seroconversion among FSWs is associated with genital HR-HPV infection. Further investigation is warranted, including testing the possible protective effect of available HPV vaccines on HIV acquisition. Final Decision: yes