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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: BACKGROUND, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Animals, Blood-Brain Barrier, Blotting, Western, Brain, Cells, Cultured, Cytokines, Disease Models, Animal, Encephalitis Virus, Japanese, Encephalitis, Japanese, Etanercept, Immunoglobulin G, In Situ Nick-End Labeling, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Neuroglia, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha.
user
Does etanercept reduce neuroinflammation and lethality in mouse model of Japanese encephalitis? Context: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a neurotropic flavivirus that causes Japanese encephalitis (JE), which leads to high fatality rates in human. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a key factor that mediates immunopathology in the central nervous system (CNS) during JE. Etanercept is a safe anti-TNF-α drug that has been commonly used in the treatment of various human autoimmune diseases. The effect of etanercept on JE was investigated with a JEV-infected mouse model. Four groups of mice were assigned to receive injections of phosphate-buffered saline, etanercept, JEV, or JEV plus etanercept. Inflammatory responses in mouse brains and mortality of mice were evaluated within 23 days post infection. The in vitro assay with mouse neuron/glia cultures showed that etanercept treatment reduced the inflammatory response induced by JEV infection. In vivo experiments further demonstrated that administration of etanercept protected mice from JEV-induced lethality. Neuronal damage, glial activation, and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines were found to be markedly decreased in JEV-infected mice that received etanercept treatment. Additionally, etanercept treatment restored the integrity of the blood-brain barrier and reduced viral load in mouse brains.
assistant
Etanercept effectively reduces the inflammation and provides protection against acute encephalitis in a JEV-infected mouse model. Final Decision: yes