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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: AIMS, DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, MEASUREMENTS, FINDINGS. Meshes: Accidents, Traffic, Adolescent, Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Alcoholic Intoxication, Automobile Driving, Choice Behavior, Decision Making, England, Female, Group Processes, Group Structure, Humans, Male, Reinforcement, Social, Risk-Taking, Safety, Sampling Studies, Social Facilitation, Young Adult.
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Drinking in social groups. Does 'groupdrink' provide safety in numbers when deciding about risk? Context: To investigate the impact of alcohol consumption on risk decisions taken both individually and while part of a four- to six-person ad-hoc group. A 2 (alcohol: consuming versus not consuming alcohol) × 2 (decision: individual, group) mixed-model design; decision was a repeated measure. The dependent variable was risk preference, measured using choice dilemmas. Opportunity sampling in campus bars and a music event at a campus-based university in the United Kingdom. A total of 101 individuals were recruited from groups of four to six people who either were or were not consuming alcohol. Participants privately opted for a level of risk in response to a choice dilemma and then, as a group, responded to a second choice dilemma. The choice dilemmas asked participants the level of accident risk at which they would recommend someone could drive while intoxicated. Five three-level multi-level models were specified in the software program HLM 7. Decisions made in groups were less risky than those made individually (B = -0.73, P < 0.001). Individual alcohol consumers opted for higher risk than non-consumers (B = 1.27, P = 0.025). A significant alcohol × decision interaction (B = -2.79, P = 0.001) showed that individual consumers privately opted for higher risk than non-consumers, whereas risk judgements made in groups of either consumers or non-consumers were lower. Decisions made by groups of consumers were less risky than those made by groups of non-consumers (B = 1.23, P < 0.001).
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Moderate alcohol consumption appears to produce a propensity among individuals towards increased risk-taking in deciding to drive while intoxicated, which can be mitigated by group monitoring processes within small (four- to six-person) groups.