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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, METHODS, METHODS, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Adult, Body Composition, Body Mass Index, Cross-Sectional Studies, Energy Intake, Female, Forced Expiratory Flow Rates, Humans, Male, Obesity, Vital Capacity, Weight Loss.
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Do body composition analysis and changes in airways function in obese adults after hypocaloric diet? Context: To determine the relationship between weight-loss and pulmonary function indexes, focusing on forced expiratory flows (ie, FEV(1), forced expiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity [FEF(50)], forced expiratory flow at 75% of vital capacity, and forced expiratory flow at 25 to 75% of vital capacity [FEF(25--75)]). Specifically, to determine the effect of losses in total and segmental fat mass (FM) and of modifications in lean body mass, after restricted hypocaloric diet, on pulmonary function among obese adults. Cross-sectional, observational. Human Physiology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, "Tor Vergata" University, Rome, Italy. Thirty obese adults (mean [+/- SD] baseline body mass index [BMI], 32.25 +/- 3.99 kg/m(2)), without significant obstructive airway disease, were selected from among participants in a weight-loss program. Anthropometric, body composition (BC), and respiratory parameters of all participants were measured before and after weight loss. Total and segmental lean body and FM were obtained by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Dynamic spirometric tests and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) were performed. The BC parameters (ie, body weight [BW], BMI, the sum skinfold thicknesses, thoracic inhalation circumference, thoracic expiration circumference, total FM, and trunk FM [FMtrunk]) were significantly decreased (p < or = .0001) after a hypocaloric diet. The mean vital capacity, FEV(1), FEF(50), FEF(25-75), expiratory reserve volume, and MVV significantly increased (p < or = 0.05) with weight loss. The correlation coefficient for Delta FEF(25--75) (r = 0.20) was numerically higher than Delta FEF(50) and Delta FEV(1) (r = 0.14 and r = 0.08, respectively) for the BW loss. Moreover, the correlation coefficient for Delta FEF(25--75) (r = 0.45) was significantly higher (p < or = 0.02) than those for Delta FEF(50) and Delta FEV(1) (r = 0.38 and r = 0.15, respectively) for FMtrunk loss.
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This study shows that a decrease in total and upper body fat obtained by restricted diet was not accompanied by a decrease in ventilatory muscle mass. FMtrunk loss was found to have improved airflow limitation, which can be correlated to peripheral airways function. Final Decision: yes