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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Animals, Animals, Newborn, Blood Glucose, Cholesterol, Feeding Behavior, Female, Fetal Growth Retardation, Food Deprivation, Hyperglycemia, Hypertriglyceridemia, Hypoglycemia, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Lactation, Liver, Male, Metabolic Syndrome, Organ Size, Pancreas, Phenotype, Pregnancy, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Sex Factors, Triglycerides.
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Does the timing of nutrient restriction during rat pregnancy/lactation alter metabolic syndrome phenotype? Context: Modulation of growth of intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) newborns causes either adult obesity or normalization of body weight and fat. We investigated the impact of rapid versus delayed catch-up growth of IUGR offspring on glucose and lipid profiles. From 10 days to term gestation and through lactation, control pregnant rats received ad libitum food, whereas study rats were 50% food restricted. Cross-fostering techniques were used to examine effects of food restriction during pregnancy and/or lactation periods. Glucose and lipid profiles were determined in offspring at ages 1 day, 3 weeks, and 9 months. Food restriction during pregnancy produced hypoglycemic IUGR pups. Those permitted rapid catch-up growth demonstrated adult obesity with insulin resistance (hyperglycemia/hyperinsulinemia) and hypertriglyceridemia. Conversely, IUGR exhibiting delayed catch-up growth demonstrated normal adult body weight and insulin deficiency (hyperglycemia/hypoinsulinemia) and elevated cholesterol levels as compared with controls. However, these adult offspring had higher glucose though similar insulin levels as control offspring nursed by food restricted dam.
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The timing and the rate of IUGR newborn catch-up growth causes markedly altered adult phenotypes. Although delayed newborn catch-up growth may be beneficial in the prevention of adult obesity, there may be significant adverse effects on pancreatic function. Final Decision: yes