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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, METHODS, METHODS, METHODS, METHODS, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Birth Weight, Developmental Disabilities, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant Care, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Male, Prognosis, Psychometrics.
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Do two-year neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm born children ≤ 750 g at birth? Context: To describe 2-year neurodevelopmental outcome (NDO) in a cohort of extremely low birthweight infants, and compare NDO between two consecutive 5-year periods and between appropriate (AGA, ≥p10) and small for gestational age (SGA, <p10) infants. Retrospective cohort study. Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, the Netherlands. 146 children, born between 1996 and 2005, with a birth weight ≤750 g and a gestational age ≥24 weeks, admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. 111 children (76%) survived the neonatal period. At 2 years corrected age, 101 children (cohort I: born in 1996-2000, n=45 and cohort II: born in 2001-2005, n=56) were assessed with either the Griffiths Mental Developmental Scales or the Mental Scale of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, second edition. NDO, classified as normal (≤-1 Z score ≥0), mildly delayed (>-1 Z score ≤-2) or severely delayed (Z score >-2). 74.3% of the children had a normal NDO at 2 years corrected age, 20.8% a mildly and 5% a severely delayed outcome. Although survival significantly increased with time (65.8% to 88.1%, p=0.002), significantly fewer children in cohort II (66.1% vs 84.4% in cohort I, p=0.042) as well as fewer SGA children (64.3% vs 86.7% of AGA children, p=0.012) had a normal NDO.
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Increased survival of infants with a birth weight ≤750 g coincided with more children with an impaired NDO at 2 years corrected age. SGA infants are especially at risk of impaired NDO. Final Decision: yes