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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, RESULTS. Meshes: Amides, Animals, Anti-HIV Agents, Atherosclerosis, CCR5 Receptor Antagonists, Chemokine CCL4, Chemokine CCL5, Cholesterol, Female, Ligands, Lymphocyte Count, Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins, Mice, Mice, Mutant Strains, Quaternary Ammonium Compounds, RNA, Messenger, Receptors, CCR5, Receptors, CXCR3, Receptors, Chemokine, Receptors, LDL, Spleen, Th1 Cells.
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Does hIV entry inhibitor TAK-779 attenuate atherogenesis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice? Context: HIV combination therapy using protease inhibitors is associated with elevated plasma levels of atherogenic lipoproteins and increased risk for atherosclerosis. We investigated whether the HIV entry inhibitor TAK-779 affects lipoprotein levels and atherogenesis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice. TAK-779 is an antagonist for the chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR3, which are expressed on leukocytes, especially T-helper 1 cells, and these receptors may be involved in recruitment of these cells to atherosclerotic plaques. TAK-779 treatment of low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice did not elevate the levels of atherogenic lipoproteins, whereas it dramatically reduced atherosclerosis in the aortic root and in the carotid arteries. The number of T cells in the plaque was reduced by 95%, concurrently with a 98% reduction in the relative IFN-gamma area. TAK-779-treated animals showed a decreased percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood and in mediastinal lymph nodes compared with control-treated animals.
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TAK-779 not only suppresses HIV entry via blockade of CCR5 but also attenuates atherosclerotic lesion formation by blocking the influx of T-helper 1 cells into the plaque. TAK-779 treatment may be especially beneficial for young HIV patients as they face lifelong treatment, and this drug impairs atherogenesis. Final Decision: yes