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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Aged, Atrial Fibrillation, Atrophy, Brain, Craniocerebral Trauma, Diabetes Complications, Female, Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Sex Factors.
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Do risk factors for chronic subdural haematoma formation account for the established male bias? Context: The 'subdural space' is an artefact of inner dural border layer disruption: it is not anatomical but always pathological. A male bias has long been accepted for chronic subdural haematomas (CSDH), and increased male frequencies of trauma and/or alcohol abuse are often cited as likely explanations: however, no study has validated this. We investigated to see which risk factors accounted for the male bias with CSDH. Retrospective review of prospectively collected data. A male bias (M:F 97:58) for CSDH was confirmed in n=155 patients. The largest risk factor for CSDH was cerebral atrophy (M:F 94% vs. 91%): whilst a male bias prevailed in mild-moderate cases (M:F 58% vs. 41%), a female bias prevailed for severe atrophy (F:M 50% vs. 36%) (χ(2)=3.88, P=0.14). Risk factors for atrophy also demonstrated a female bias, some approached statistical significance: atrial fibrillation (P=0.05), stroke/TIA (P=0.06) and diabetes mellitus (P=0.07). There was also a trend for older age in females (F:M 72±13 years vs. 68±15 years, P=0.09). The third largest risk factor, after atrophy and trauma (i.e. anti-coagulant and anti-platelet use) was statistically significantly biased towards females (F:M 50% vs. 33%, P=0.04). No risk factor accounted for the established male bias with CSDH. In particular, a history of trauma (head injury or fall [M:F 50% vs. 57%, P=0.37]), and alcohol abuse (M:F 17% vs. 16%, P=0.89) was remarkably similar between genders.
assistant
No recognised risk factor for CSDH formation accounted for the established male bias: risk factor trends generally favoured females. In particular, and in contrast to popular belief, a male CSDH bias did not relate to increased male frequencies of trauma and/or alcohol abuse. Final Decision: no