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Medical AI Inquiry: You was designed to assist in medical decision-making based on the provided user questions. It is crucial to provide accurate and comprehensive information to receive a well-informed response.  Labels: OBJECTIVE, METHODS, RESULTS. Meshes: Apoptosis, Biopsy, Cell Proliferation, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Humans, Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins, Ki-67 Antigen, Lymph Nodes, Microtubule-Associated Proteins, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Neoplasm Staging, Radiotherapy, Adjuvant, Rectal Neoplasms, Staining and Labeling, Survivin.
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Is increased spontaneous apoptosis , but not survivin expression , associated with histomorphologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in rectal cancer? Context: Survivin has been shown to be an important mediator of cellular radioresistance in vitro. This study aims to compare survivin expression and apoptosis to histomorphologic responses to neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT) in rectal cancer. Thirty-six pre-treatment biopsies were studied. Survivin mRNA and protein expression plus TUNEL staining for apoptosis was performed. Response to treatment was assessed using a 5-point tumour regression grade. Survivin expression was not found to be predictive of response to RCT (p = NS). In contrast, spontaneous apoptosis was significantly (p = 0.0051) associated with subsequent response to RCT. However, no association between survivin expression and levels of apoptosis could be identified.
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This in vivo study failed to support in vitro studies showing an association between survivin and response to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. These results caution against the translation of the in vitro properties of survivin into a clinical setting. Final Decision: yes