Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton and a Clinical Associate Professor at McMaster University. She works as a practitioner, consultant, researcher, educator and leader. Her clinical and research interests include therapeutic relationships/boundaries, alternatives to seclusion and restraint, trauma/abuse, tobacco addiction, and risk assessment, formulation and management. She has been on the development panels for two published Best Practice Guidelines, Establishing Therapeutic Relationships and Alternatives to Restraint. Mary Lou is a co-author of the Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability (START), a guide for the dynamic assessment of strengths and vulnerabilities across 7 risk domains.