South America contains at least five countries and these countries contain people who speak at least Spanish or Portuguese.
Argentina . With a mainland area of 2780400 km2 , Argentina is the eighth-largest country in the world , the second largest in Latin America , and the largest Spanish-speaking one . Brazil . As the world 's fifth-largest country by both area and population , it is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas . Peru . The main spoken language is Spanish , although a significant number of Peruvians speak Quechua or other native languages . South America . Brazil is by far the most populous South American country , with more than half of the continent 's population , followed by Colombia , Argentina , Venezuela and Peru .