Julius Caesar held office in 44 BCE and he died.
Dictator perpetuo ( English : `` dictator in perpetuity '' ) , also called dictator in perpetuum , was the office held by Julius Caesar from 26 January or 15 February of the year 44 BCE until his death on 15 March . Gaius Julius Caesar ( [ ˈɡaː.i.ʊs ˈjuː.li.ʊs ˈkae̯.sar ] ; 13 July 100 BC -- 15 March 44 BC ) , known as Julius Caesar , was a Roman politician , general , and notable author of Latin prose . But the underlying political conflicts had not been resolved , and on the Ides of March ( 15 March ) 44 BC , Caesar was assassinated by a group of rebellious senators led by Marcus Junius Brutus .