Muammar Gaddafi changed Libya's religion to Jamahiriya.
Muammar Gaddafi . He governed Libya as Revolutionary Chairman of the Libyan Arab Republic from 1969 to 1977 and then as the `` Brotherly Leader '' of the Great Socialist People 's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya from 1977 to 2011 . In 1977 , Gaddafi transformed Libya into a new socialist state called the Jamahiriya ( `` state of the masses '' ) .