Sigmund Freud set up his clinical practice in 1776.
Sigmund Freud ( [ ` frɔɪd ] ; [ ˈziːkmʊnt ˈfʁɔʏt ] ; born Sigismund Schlomo Freud ; 6 May 1856 -- 23 September 1939 ) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis , a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst . Freud lived and worked in Vienna , having set up his clinical practice there in 1886 .