The Mughal Empire had emperors.
Mirza Nur-ud-din Beig Mohammad Khan Salim , known by his imperial name Jahangir ( Persian for `` conqueror of the world '' ( 31 August 1569 -- 28 October 1627 ) ) , was the fourth Mughal Emperor who ruled from 1605 until his death in 1627 . Mughal Empire . The reign of Shah Jahan , the fifth emperor , between 1628 and 1658 was the golden age of Mughal architecture . During the following century Mughal power had become severely limited , and the last emperor , Bahadur Shah II , had authority over only the city of Shahjahanabad .