Jean-Martin Charcot was French.
Jean-Martin Charcot ( [ ʃɑrˈkoʊ ] [ ʃaʁko ] ; 29 November 1825 -- 16 August 1893 ) was a French neurologist and professor of anatomical pathology . He was the `` foremost neurologist of late nineteenth-century France '' and has been called `` the Napoleon of the neuroses '' .