The Czech Republic is a city.
Bohemia . In 1990 , the name was changed to the Czech Republic , which become a separate state in 1993 with the dissolution of Czechoslovakia . Czech Republic . It is a unitary parliamentary republic , has 10.5 million inhabitants and the capital and largest city is Prague , with over 1.2 million residents . In 1002 , the duchy was formally recognized as part of the Holy Roman Empire , becoming the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1198 and reaching its greatest territorial extent in the 14th century . The Czech Socialist Republic ( Česká socialistická republika in Czech ; abbreviated ČSR ) was a republic within Czechoslovakia that is the Czech Republic today .