import java.io.*;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.*;

public class Template implements Runnable {

    BufferedReader in;
    PrintWriter out;
    StringTokenizer tok = new StringTokenizer("");

    void init() throws FileNotFoundException {
        try {
            in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("input.txt"));
            out = new PrintWriter("output.txt");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        }
    }

    class GraphBuilder {
        int n, m;
        int[] x, y;
        int index;
        int[] size;


        GraphBuilder(int n, int m) {
            this.n = n;
            this.m = m;
            x = new int[m];
            y = new int[m];
            size = new int[n];
        }

        void add(int u, int v) {
            x[index] = u;
            y[index] = v;
            size[u]++;
            size[v]++;
            index++;
        }

        int[][] build() {
            int[][] graph = new int[n][];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                graph[i] = new int[size[i]];
            }
            for (int i = index - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                int u = x[i];
                int v = y[i];
                graph[u][--size[u]] = v;
                graph[v][--size[v]] = u;
            }
            return graph;
        }
    }

    String readString() throws IOException {
        while (!tok.hasMoreTokens()) {
            try {
                tok = new StringTokenizer(in.readLine());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                return null;
            }
        }
        return tok.nextToken();
    }

    int readInt() throws IOException {
        return Integer.parseInt(readString());
    }

    int[] readIntArray(int size) throws IOException {
        int[] res = new int[size];
        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            res[i] = readInt();
        }
        return res;
    }

    long[] readLongArray(int size) throws... Which one is the correct time complexity of the code snippet: constant, linear, quadratic, cubic, log(n), nlog(n) or NP-hard?