Effet du sécrétome des cellules sénescentes sur la réponse inflammatoire orchestrée par les macrophages
Senescent cell clearance brings into play the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and immune cells from the innate and adaptive immunity including macrophages (Mφ). In this study, we report that the SASP has a pleiotropic effect on immune cell activity including recruitment, activation and differentiation. We show that human Mφ exposed to the SASP of human fibroblasts develop a SASP-specific inflammatory profile characterized by pro- inflammatory (M1) secretion (e.g. IL-1β, GM-CSF) and anti-inflammatory (M2) surface markers (CD23 and CD206). The SASP also increases Mφ invasion but has no effect on monocyte differentiation. Co-culture models show that while NK cells are likely the direct effectors of senescent cell specific killing, their activity is modulated by other immune cells including Mφ, which reduced NK-mediated killing, suggesting a M2 profile. Alternatively, CD8+ T lymphocytes are essential for senescent cell killing by NK cells. Finally, CD4+ T cells cultured for 48h in the SASP secrete high-levels of IL-4, indicating a Th2 polarization. Overall, our data reveal that the SASP can modulate Mφ and other immune cells involved in senescent cell clearance and surprisingly promote an immunosuppressive response that could be important in tissue repair.
Inflammation Macrophages SASP Senescence-messaging secretome Cancer Lymphocytes T CD4+ Senescence Age-associated diseases Immune surveillance Senescent cell clearance Natural killer cells CD4+ T cells CD8+ T cells