L’effet de la prothèse totale du genou sur la cinématique 3D : vers le développement de biomarqueurs mécaniques de la douleur
The total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common procedure in patients with severe knee osteoarthritis. This surgery has been proved to reduce pain, to improve knee function, and to be cost-effective. However, an important proportion of patients report insatisfaction, pain, and low articular function following the surgery. Moreover, even with this problem, the impact of the TKA on the tridimensional (3D) kinematics is not well understood.   Therefore, two studies have been undertaken with the purpose of using the 3D kinematics to understand the post-TKA pain syndrome. During the first study, 19 subjects, recruited on a TKA waiting list of two surgeons of the CHUM, Hôpital Notre-Dame, were prospectively followed to measure the evolution of their 3D knee kinematics. A control group of 17 subjects with normal knees has also been recruited. The second study has compared 20 subjects with knee pain post-TKA with 20 subjects without pain post-TKA.  The results of the first study tend to show an improvement in the frontal plan kinematics after the TKA toward the control group. However, the kinematics in the others plans still different of the control group. When the 3D kinematics of a group with pain is compared to a group without pain (second study), a biomechanical marker associated with pain was identified. The group with pain walk with a higher flexion contracture during the stance phase than the group without pain.   Those results show that the total knee arthroplasty has an impact on the 3D kinematics; however, this impact is not necessarily toward the control group. Moreover, some biomechanical markers can be associated with the knee pain following the TKA. This show that we still doesn’t really understand the impact of the TKA on the kinematics, and that a better understanding of this impact could allow the surgeons to improve their care to their patients before and after the surgery.
3D Kinematics Gait analysis Biomechanic Total knee arthroplasty Pain