Souverainetés du littéraire dans trois écrits de Marguerite Duras
How can one show the unspeakable, contradictions and paradoxes —  and why would one attempt to do so ? For Marguerite Duras, whose work carries aporias, the answer to this fundamental question lies in literary writing. In this dissertation, we will question the notion of literary sovereignty (Menke), which allows us to think the crisis of non-aesthetic discourses (historical, judicial, journalistic, for example) in Duras' work, as well as the engagement of the author through her writing, which alone can bear her opposing and violent positions, but also "the black mourning of life, the commonplace of all thought". First, we will study the singularity of Duras' engagement ; if the political engagement in her public life is marked by many upheavals, we will be able to observe, from the analysis of the text "Sublime, forcément sublime Christine V." (1985), how an engagement (Sartre, Barthes) through literature appears in the author's writing. This writing also bears a certain oracular capacity, establishing clairvoyance as one of the sources of literary sovereignty. Through the study of "La mort du jeune aviateur anglais" (1993), we will then explore the particularity of the posture and enunciation (Meizoz) of Duras, as well as the possibility of the confrontation of  aporia that literary discourse offers. The word of the other and the word of the dead is appropriated for the benefit of the mythical narrative, evacuating the historical and documentary dimensions of testimony in order to move towards a universalizing parable. Finally, through an analysis of La douleur (1985) and its paratext, we will see how the rewriting of texts before their publication inscribes them in an strong commitment, more akin to the project of literary engagement that Duras weaves in the last ten years of his career. Duras' writing in this work shows how literary discourse can represent the crisis of thought and of other discourses. This crisis of discourse and thought, which can be found in the three texts studied in this dissertation, will allow us to think about literary sovereignty in Marguerite Duras' writing.
Marguerite Duras Engagement Posture Sovereignty Authorship Voice Myth Event Rewriting French literature