Une exploration des effets de la satisfaction au travail des sages-femmes sur le «burnout», l’intention de quitter et la mobilité professionnelle : une étude
longitudinale au Sénégal
In the context of a health workforce crisis in sub-Saharan Africa, a better understanding of how health professionals are experiencing their work and how it is affecting them is needed. This longitudinal study focuses specifically on Senegalese midwives, given their strategic role in the promotion of mother and child health in the country. A cohort of 226 midwives from 22 hospitals across Senegal participated in the study. Their job satisfaction was measured in 2007-8 using a multifaceted instrument developed in West Africa. Three purported effects were measured two years later: burnout, intention to quit and turnover. Descriptive statistics compared the midwives who stayed and left their posts during the study period, and a series of exploratory regressions investigated the correlations between the 9 facets of job satisfaction and each effect variable, while controlling for individual and institutional characteristics. Relatively low turnover was found over 2 years (18%) despite high levels of intention to quit within a year (58.9%), particularly in pursuit of a new professional specialty. Departures were largely voluntary (92%) and entirely domestic. The midwives reported themselves least satisfied with their remuneration and work environment, and a large proportion experienced “high” levels of emotional exhaustion (80.0%) and depersonalization (57.8%). However, they were found to be satisfied with their morale and the stability of their work, and only 12.4% reported diminished personal accomplishment. Emotional exhaustion was related to being dissatisfied with remuneration and job tasks, actively searching for jobs was associated with dissatisfaction with job stability and voluntary quitting was associated with being unhappy with continuing education. This study shows that although midwives seem to be burned-out and unhappy with their working conditions, they retain a strong sense of confidence and accomplishment in their work. It also suggests that strategies to retain them in their positions and in the profession should emphasize continuing education.
Job satisfaction Burnout Intention to quit Turnover Midwives Senegal