Expression et effets des WNTs sur l’expansion du cumulus et la maturation de l’ovocyte chez la vache
The Wnts comprise a large family of secreted glycoproteins which, when secreted in the extracellular space, play a key role in embryonic development. In adults, Wnts play a role in homeostasis and their deregulation likely causes several problems including developmental abnormalities with or without deformities, and cancer. The role of Wnts in the ovaries is not clearly defined although studies in humans and mice show the involvement of some Wnts in ovarian development, follicular maturation and in the process of ovulation. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that members of the Wnt family are involved in oocyte maturation in cattle. The specific objectives were to measure the expression of key Wnts (Wnt-2, -2b, -4, -5a and -5b) in cumulus cells during expansion, and to assess the effect of select Wnt proteins on expansion of the cumulus oocyte complex (COC) and oocyte maturation. Bovine COCs were placed into IVM medium for 0, 6, 12 and 22 h and mRNA levels measured by real-time PCR. The abundance of Wnt-2b mRNA in the cumulus cells was significantly higher at 6 h of maturation compared to immature (time 0) COCs, whereas mRNAs encoding Wnt-2, -4, -5a and -5b did not increase until the end of culture. The addition of EGF induced COC expansion and progression of the oocyte to meiosis II (MII) as expected but, unexpectedly, addition of Wnt-2b also induced expansion and (82% and 69%, EGF and Wnt2b, respectively) and progression to MII (62% and 56%, EGF and Wnt2b, respectively); a combination of WNT-2b and EGF did not improve the rates over either alone. Our study provides new evidence for a role for Wnts in the maturation of the COC in cattle. The Wnt signalling pathways are still unknown and more studies are needed.
Maturation COC WNTs EGF COC maturation EGF cow