La rétroaction négative optimale en sport : étude de l’impact relatif de la quantité et de la qualité
Past studies have looked at the consequences of various coaches’ behaviours. However, a specific behaviour has not yet received all the attention it deserves: negative feedback. Yet, this type of feedback is both essential and risky considering that it can lead to negative consequences (Brewer et al., 1991; Kluger & DeNisi, 1996). The present thesis proposes that negative feedback quality plays a crucial role in predicting athletes’ outcomes. In total, 315 athletes and 54 coaches participated in a cross-sectional study. Results of hierarchical linear modeling confirmed that a high quality negative feedback supports athletes’ autonomy. Six specific characteristics defining this type of feedback were also identified. Finally, results showed that negative feedback quality predicts athletes’ phenomenological experiences and performance above and beyond what could be explained by negative feedback quantity and coaches’ interpersonal style. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
motivation performance sport negative feedback autonomy support coach-athlete relationship self-determination theory well-being motivation performance coaches sport