Large scale identification of protein SUMOylation by mass spectrometry in HEK293 cells
A wide range of cellular events are regulated by protein SUMOylation. This posttranslational modification was involved in APL (acute promyelocytic leukemia). Only a few large scale studies in mammalian cells have focused on identifying the conjugation sites. This thesis presents a unique quantitative proteomics approach that combines double affinity purification at the protein and peptide level.  A common approach to purification of SUMOylated proteins involves the use of a tagged SUMO (His6-SUMO). To date, the SUMO peptide isolation is addressed using an engineered SUMO.   In presence or absence of arsenic trioxide, a treatment of APL, mock and His6-SUMO1/3 expressing cells are lysed and the SUMOylated proteins are isolated under denaturing conditions. Subsequently, these samples are digested and the peptides bearing the modification site bear a specific SUMO stub. They are either immunoprecipitated with an anti SUMO stub antibody or directly analyzed by nano LC coupled to an LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Manual analysis of the data reveals characteristic fragmentation corresponding to the side chain of SUMO. The originality of the approach lies in the quantitative and unambiguous identification of SUMOylation sites in vivo. This approach allowed the identification of 17 and 3 sites of SUMO-3 and SUMO-1, respectively, in HEK293 cells. Finally, PML was identified as the major SUMOylation target following arsenic treatment.
SUMOylation Identification de sites de SUMOylation SUMOylation Mass spectrometry Identification of SUMOylation sites Affinity purification