Les TOD dans la région de Montréal : la demande et les barrières à l'offre
Transit-oriented development or TOD is an urban planning concept that is often proposed as a solution to the problems associated with suburban sprawl. The majority of research on this concept is descriptive; some authors examined the effect of TOD pro-jects on travel behaviour. A new research approach proposes to investigate the rarity of examples of veritable TOD in North America. This approach proposes that the lack of examples is either the result of a weak demand, or of a variety of supply barriers catego-rized as financial, regulatory, political, organizational or pertaining to the physical con-text of the city. Our study applies this research approach in order to examine the development of TOD in the Montreal metropolitan region. The empirical study focuses on the perspec-tive of real estate developers regarding the degree of demand and the supply barriers to TOD. The methodology consists of interviews with a diverse group of real estate devel-opers working in the Montreal suburbs. The results demonstrate that the demand is growing for products having certain characteristics of TOD, but that this does not reveal a demand specifically for TOD. We also determine that the two principal supply barriers are the lack of land and the insufficient supply of public transit service. Other major obstacles include lack of a common definition of TOD and the structure of the land de-velopment industry which is not well adapted to this form of development. The study concludes that the realization of TOD in the Montreal context requires that provincial and municipal government actors assume a more proactive and visionary role.
TOD transit oriented development alternative development supply demand barrier developer