L’effet à long terme de la nutrition parentérale totale néonatale sur le métabolisme énergétique
Because of prematurity or other medical and surgical conditions, many infants require total parenteral nutrition (TPN) during the neonatal period. The metabolic impacts and adverse effects that can be observed during TPN administration and secondary to exposure of the TPN solutions to light have been studied. The concept that fetal and early life events result in permanent metabolic alterations is now accepted. However, long term consequences of neonatal TPN administration are unknown. The aim of the current study was to examine long term effects of a short neonatal period of total parenteral nutrition on adult energy metabolism. Between their third and their seventh day of life, guinea pigs received light-exposed or light-protected TPN and were compared to animals who were enterally fed. After day 7, all three groups received a similar nutrient intake provided exclusively enterally. The animals who received TPN display lower weight gain, enhanced catabolic state and have lower concentrations of energy substrates such as glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides. At 3 month, their liver has lower concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides and display changes in enzymatic activity. Photoprotection of TPN lowers weight gain and liver concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides. To our knowledge, our study is the first to explore long term effects of neonatal TPN. It opens the door to human studies that will, hopefully, improve the care of this population of fragile and immature newborns.
programmation photoprotection total parenteral nutrition energy metabolism growth programming fatty acids liver