Paléoécologie d’une tourbière à pergélisol en dégradation du sud des Territoires du Nord-Ouest : implications pour le cycle du carbone
Peatlands have contributed to cool the Earth's climate during the Holocene by accumulating a large carbon pool. In the Canadian boreal forest, perennially frozen soils (permafrost soils) are abundant and they are located mainly in peatlands where they form elevated plateaus. Thawing permafrost caused by atmospheric warming or other disturbances lead to the collapse of plateaus and soil saturation, impacting vegetation cover and carbon cycling. Models suggest that northern latitudes will be the most severely affected by global warming as we are already observing a decline in permafrost cover. It is important to understand how permafrost thaw affects the peatland carbon sink function as feedbacks on the climate are possible if a large amount of greenhouse gas is emitted or sequestered. I use a chronosequence representing the time since permafrost in a Northwest Territories peatland to understand the factors influencing aggradation and degradation of permafrost in peatlands and to evaluate the effect of thawing on the carbon accumulation and preservation. The carbon accumulation rates associated with the presence of permafrost in the past and present are slow, and the peat is less decomposed in areas that have been affected by permafrost longer. In sum, permafrost reduces surface carbon accumulation but allows for better preservation of the carbon already accumulated.
Carbon Peat Permafrost Climate change Wildfires Paleoecology