Azabicycloalkanone synthesis by transannular cyclization
An efficient strategy has been developed for the synthesis of different functionalized azabicyclo[X.Y.0]alkanone amino acids. The synthetic sequence features preparation of dipeptides by coupling respectively vinyl-, allyl-, homoallyl- and homohomoallylglycine building blocks, followed by ring closing metathesis to produced 8-, 9-, and 10-member unsaturated macrocyclic lactams, and transannular iodolactamization to make the bicyclic dipeptide surrogates bearing iodine on the lactam ring. Transition metal cross-coupling methods were developed to make enantiomerically pure ω-unsaturated amino acid building blocks from iodoalanine. Mechanistic considerations suggest that attack of iodine from the least hindered face of the unsaturated macrocyclic lactam provides an iodonium intermediate and cyclization occurs by a route that minimizes allylic strain and diaxial interactions.  Iodolactamization of the unsaturated macrocyclic lactams gave regio- and diastereoselectively fused 5,5- and 6,6-iodo-bicylic amino acids. Moreover, an anti-Bredt bridgehead imidate azabicyclo[4.3.1]alkane was synthesized from a 9-membered unsaturated macrocyclic lactam precursor.  X-ray crystallographic and spectroscopic analyses of the 8-, 9-, and 10-member macrocycles, as well as the 5,5-bicycle and bridgehead imidate demonstrate the potential of these constrained dipeptides to mimic the central residues of ideal type I, II’, II and VI β-turn geometry.
Acide aminé Azabicyclo[X.Y.0]alkanone Quinolozidinone Pyrrolizidinone Indolizidinone Transannular cyclizations Azabicyclo[X.Y.Z]alkanone amino acid Iodolactamization Quinolozidinone Pyrrolizidinone Indolizidinone