TIC et formation des enseignants du fondamental en Haïti : barrières et facteurs facilitants
The achievement of Education for All objectives in Haiti imperatively requires, among other things, a massive and intensive teacher training campaign - both initial and in-service training. Unfortunately, the existing training structures are far from being able to meet this demand. It will therefore be necessary to consider other training strategies, particularly those using ICTs (Information and Communications Technologies). It is, however, very tempting, in this area, to copy what is being carried out in France, Canada and the United States, and thereby lengthen the list of failures due to insufficient or inexistent adaptation. In order to maximize the chances of success, it is important to study the appropriateness of adopted strategies for the Haitian context and learners.  This research studies relevant characteristics of Haitian teachers of the first two cycles of fundamental school (primary school) as learners, characteristics that may constitute internal barriers or enablers to an effective integration of ICTs in their training. In a first quantitative phase, a survey was administered to 176 teachers in 2009-2010. The data analysis revealed three high tendencies: a positive attitude towards innovation and ICTs, intrinsic sources of motivation, and a high power distance; two other important results are worth mentioning: the low level of familiarity with computers and the massive adoption of cellular phones; the answers about conception of teaching and learning, and the individualism-collectivism dimension were more balanced. A factor analysis identified four factors: the capacity to use ICTs, the desire for change, the conception of the trainer’s role, and power distance. The survey was followed, at the end of 2010, by a qualitative phase consisting of seven interviews with teacher training experts in Haiti and three focus groups with fundamental school teachers. The purpose of this phase was to enrich, complete, explain, and illustrate the quantitative results. Despite their more severe point of view, the teacher training experts largely contributed to the interpretation of the results, particularly those concerning attitude towards innovations and ICTs, individualism-collectivism dimension, and conception of teaching and learning. The focus groups globally endorsed the quantitative results, with some explanations and nuances. Particularly, they stressed the importance of two factors that were not on the initial list and that emerged from the factor analysis: the desire of change and the conception of the trainer’s role. They also brought up relevant points that helped shed light on power distance.
Teachers training ICT and learning Haiti education Learners characteristics Barriers to learning Enablers to learning ICT barriers ICT enablers