Évaluation de la densité osseuse et du statut nutritionnel en vitamine D chez des
enfants prépubères avec allergie au lait non résolue
Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is the most frequent food allergy seen during childhood. Though usually recognized as transient, recent data suggest that the evolution of CMA has changed over time, having become more persistent and therefore, more capable of jeopardizing child growth and development. The following study included 26 children with proven CMA and 12 controls, recruited at Sainte-Justine hospital, during the winter of 2011-2012. The aim of this study was to compare bone density and vitamin D status (25(OH)D) in prepubertal children with CMA to a control group of children without milk allergy and to document calcium and vitamin D intake as well as the adherence to supplementation in this population. Bone mineral density did not differ significantly between groups. However, low bone mass, as defined by a z score between -1,0 and -2,0 for gender and age, was detected in over 30% of cow's milk allergic children and in over 16% of allergic controls. Calcium intake was significantly lower in children with CMA. Overall, nearly 90% of our study population failed to meet daily recommended intakes for vitamin D, with over 50% of cow's milk allergic children presenting vitamin D status below 75 nmol/L. No difference was detected regarding vitamin D status between groups. Finally, the majority of children with CMA presented a good adherence to calcium and vitamin D supplementation, ≧ 4 days per week, a factor that was associated with a better overall dietary intake of these nutrients. It is therefore important to follow bone health of children with CMA as well as with multiple food allergies, as they present a risk for low bone mass during a period of skeletal growth. Nutrition interventions should monitor supplement adherence in children with CMA to optimize dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D, which are presently insufficient.
allergie calcium 25-hydroxyvitamine-D Milk Allergy Bone Mass Bone density Calcium Vitamin D Persistent CMA