Recherche d’étoiles jeunes de faible masse dans le voisinage solaire
The gravitational collapse of a molecular gas cloud produces the incipient stars with various masses between 0.08 and approximately 100 M . The majority of the stellar galactic population is made up of stars with masses lower than approximately 0.6 M . The last event of stellar formation in the solar neighborhood happened in the local bubble no more than 100 million of years ago, probably caused by the propagation of a shock wave in the galactic local arm. This is how young associations, also called moving groups were formed. Their members are characterized by a common velocity and position within the Galaxy. Young associations, being sparsely populated and relatively close to the Sun, their members are found all over the sky. So far, only the most massive members (luminous ones) have been identified. Young low-mass stars, comprising the majority of the population, remain to be identified. Those stars are expected to be excellent candidates to find exoplanets through direct imaging techniques, while also forming a key population to constrain M stars and brown dwarfs evolutionnary models. This master thesis presents a new method using a kinematical model coupled with a Bayesian statistic analysis to identify young low-mass stars in the beta Pictoris, Tucana- Horologium and AB Doradus associations. Using a sample of 1080 K and M stars, all showing youth indicators such as Halpha emission and X-rays luminosity, their photometric and kinematic properties (proper motion) are analyzed to extract 98 highly probable members distributed over the three associations. Status confirmation as members will require measurement of their radial velocity (predicted by our analysis) and the lithium at 6708 Å equivalent widths to better constrain their age.
low-mass stars moving groups M dwarfs