Étude des anomalies du développement humain# un modèle d’analyse phénotypique
Since the early 90s, the Human Genome Project (HGP) has allowed the development of numerous worldwide techniques which carried the suffix “omic”: genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, epigenomic, etc…. The global investigation of the sets of human phenotypes (phenome) is called phenomic. With phenomic studies we should be able to determine the links among similar phenotypic groups. We wish to apply this approach to human dysmorphology, particularly malformation combinations, which form characteristic malformation associations, malformation sequences, malformation syndromes or malformation disorders only in a minority of cases. As a graduate student research project, we decided to perform a retrospective study of the sets of pathology reports including 543 fetuses autopsied in the Department of Pathology of CHU Sainte-Justine (Montreal, QC, Canada) between 2001 and 2006. We have established an open Malformation Database (MDB) which can be accessed at http://www.malformations.org. To achieve this, we conducted the following steps: o Realization of a retrospective study of fetopathology reports for fetal malformations. o Development of an ontology along with three thesauruses of human developmental anomalies. o Implementation of these thesauruses and ontology in the MySQL system. This hypothesis-generating database allows us to easily retrieve the fetal cases (phenotypic data) with anomalies, calculate the frequencies of these anomalies, and evaluate the feasibility of the phenomic approach to human dysmorphogenesis. We were able as well to select 153 cases of malformed fetuses which will be the subject of aCGH array study for genomic research of human anomalies.
dysmorphologie malformation database MDB human developmental anomalies dysmorphology malformation combinations phenomic approach phenotype ontology