Encapsulation de Dehalococcoides: avantage pour la déhalogénation des solvants chlorés en sites contaminés
Tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and other chlorinated ethenes have been used for industrial purposes since the beginnning of 20th century. However, they are now considered common pollutants of soil and water. A lot of efforts are directed toward elimination of these compounds and we believe degradation of these chlorinated ethenes by microorganisms is the best solution. The first step of this project was to establish a complete conversion of PCE to its non-toxic product ethylene using an enriched consortium of Dehalococcoides ethenogenes. Our results show the importance of lactic acid as a carbon source and indirect source of electrons in a reaction known as dehalorespiration. We have been able to establish the effect of initial biomass on the biodegradation profile of PCE. The second step of the project was to obtain a working protocol for encapsulation of the consortium in a polymeric matrix. Such immobilization procedure would then allows numerous possible advantages as shown in the literature. We tested three encapsulation setups: air atomization, ultrasonic atomization and drop-wise technique. In the last setup, we successfully encapsulated the bacterial consortium into particles made of an alginate core surrounded by a chitosan layer. Thus the drop-wise technique allowed encapsulation of the consortium without negative effects on its dechlorination activity. In addition, the dechlorination profiles of encapsulated cells showed a lower accumulation of chlorinated intermediates TCE, 1,2-DCE and VC which yield a more rapid and complete conversion of PCE to ethylene. Finally, our results support the idea that encapsulated microorganisms may benefit from a protective effect when oxygen is present in the medium.
Encapsulation Bioremediation Alginate PCE