Nanoparticules lipidiques pH-sensibles basées sur une bascule moléculaire pour la délivrance intracytoplasmique de siRNA
Intracytoplasmic delivery of small hydrophilic molecules and genes (DNA, RNA) is a major challenge for the pharmaceutical industry, since these compounds are unable to cross biological membranes by themselves. Use of lipid nanocarriers enables overcoming the stages of blood instability of the therapeutic gene, cellular penetration, and endosomal escape. In this thesis, we report the development of new pH-sensitive lipid carriers, based on a molecular switch capable of changing its conformation upon protonation and destabilizing the nanocarrier, thus favoring endosomal escape of the therapeutic content. This pH-sensitivity mechanism has not been reported in the literature to date. Firstly, we report the elaboration of non-cationic pH-sensitive switchable lipids for liposomal delivery of hydrophilic active ingredients. This initial work introduces switchable lipids, validates the involvement of the pH-sensitive molecular switch, and provides early evidence of in vitro concept feasibility. Secondly, we present the use of pH-sensitive cationic switchable lipids for gene therapy (siRNA delivery in vitro and in vivo), again validating the involvement of the molecular switch in the effectiveness of intracytoplasmic delivery of siRNA. The two lead compounds identified during this thesis (2 and CSL3) can be included into lipid nanoparticles for drug and gene delivery, respectively. Such formulations allow intracytoplasmic delivery of therapeutic hydrophilic compounds (drugs, genes) and could be used to treat diseases such as cancer or for genome editing applications.
Liposomes Echappement endosomal Lipids pH-sensitive Molecular switch Gene therapy Lipid nanoparticles Endosomal escape Drug delivery siRNA delivery siRNA