Activité antimicrobienne de peptides provenant d’hydrolysats de protéines de babeurre, de lactoferrine et de pois
Antibiotics are frequently used in poultry feed in order to prevent certain diseases, including necrotic enteritis, which causes the emergence of bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics. A promising alternative is the use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as dietary supplements, such as AMPs from dairy products. The objective of this project was to develop a production method for the extraction peptides, from co-produced food processing (buttermilk, lactoferrin, pea protein isolates). These peptides were tested for the detection of antimicrobial activity on the following specific poultry pathogens; Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Proteins were suspended in water (5% w/w) and pepsin hydrolyzed by pepsin for 6 hours at pH 2.5. Peptides were recovered by ultrafiltration (< 10 kDa) and fractionated based on the basis of their ionic charges: total, cationic, anionic and unbound peptides, to specifically target the fractions with antimicrobial activities. Bacterial survival was measured in contact with different peptides concentrations. Cationic buttermilk extracts were effective at a concentration less or equal to 5 mg / mL; loss of 3 log for Escherichia coli O78: H80, compared with lactoferrin which was effective at a concentration less than or equal to 0.6 mg / mL; loss of 6 log for E. coli O78: H80. The peptide extracts from pea showed low efficiency. The use of antimicrobial peptides, from buttermilk, lactoferrin and peas, is promising for the development of an alternative or a complement to reduce antimicrobial use.
Antimicrobial peptide Buttermilk Lactoferrin Pea Avian pathogens Absorptive membrane chromatography Ionic charge