La prévision des résultats électoraux : application au cas canadien
During the 1970s and 1980s, a small group of political scientists started to develop forecasting equations based on political and economic indicators to predict election results. Election forecasting is now a thriving discipline in the United States, where a large number of different models are being used to forecast the outcome of congressional elections or the fate of presidential candidates. Although forecasting models have been developed for France and the United Kingdom over the past years, Canada, like most other democracies, has received very little attention. The goal of this thesis is to develop a theoretically-driven model that can be used to predict the popular vote share of the incumbent party in Canadian federal elections with sufficient lead time. To this end, we devised an ordinary least squares regression model using the results of elections going back to 1953. This model is composed of five variables; the difference between the unemployment rates in Canada and the United States three months before the vote, the natural logarithm of the number of consecutive months the incumbent party has been in office, a dichotomous variable related to the substitution of the Prime Minister near an election, the number of years of political experience gained by the Prime Minister in relation to his/her main opponent, and a factor related to the province of origin of party leaders.
Election forecasting Canadian federal elections Voting behaviour Economic voting Political preferences