Banque mondiale et développement. Pertinences scientifiques des discours et pratiques de développement de la Banque mondiale dans les PED des années 80 à nos jours
 « Our days, Samoff and Carrol note, the World Bank must be considered at the same time as a bank, an agency of development and an institute of research” (2004, p9). The institution of Bretton Woods indeed became in particular within the framework of the development of the Developing Countries, at the same time “ a bank of loan” and a “bank of knowing”. « The laboratory of ideas on the most significant development in the world”, Wilks and Lefrançois (2002) specify.  Ideological and financial partner for the development of the Developing Countries, the World Bank is in addition also, an important figure of world predominance today;  in the landscape of the contemporary international economic relations, a true super power. And so the programs of development which it professes and implements in the Developing Countries, are there also the speeches and practical development dominant.  But this speech of development of the World Bank in the Developing Countries, in addition to it is the dominant ideology of the development there, wants to be an erudite speech also: a body of knowledge of development of scholarship, which in its formulation as in its contents, asserts the membership of a certain rationality, aims at a certain “scientificity”. Therefore, the question which organizes the present thesis is as follows: is the program of development which the World Bank intends for the Developing Countries, for as much rational and reasonable? In other words: which scientific and moral credit this program can enjoy; of which coherence, of which realism, and which social adequacy, can be prevailed such a system of thoughts and actions of development? But to question the epistemological cogency of the PDBM in the Developing Countries, also amounts questioning this position of predominance which the World Bank in these countries occupies. Also we also wonder: this capacity of authority of the World Bank in the Developing Countries, does it draw its legitimacy from a rational base? Can it in this direction resist a critical examination  who wants to be rational?  The feeling which animates us here and which is also the general assumption that this work of thesis tries to validate, is that with good of regards the PDBM enracine rather in a knowingly founded and maintained ideological confusion, that in a rational step convincing, able to resist criticism. Here as in other similar registers, it could be well that indeed, like Gilbert Rist writes it, “the truth or orthodoxy hardly depends on the contents of the speech but rather of the capacity of that which manages to impose it.” (2003)
World Bank Developping countries Development policies Virtual Development