Les déficits cognitifs peuvent-ils aider à distinguer un trouble psychotique avec toxicomanie d’une psychose induite par consommation de méthamphétamines?
Introduction - Dissociating a primary psychotic disorder (PPD) with concurrent substance use from substance-induced psychosis (SIP) can be a difficult task since several symptoms are similar. The dichotomy between negative and positive symptoms in schizophrenia has been hypothesized as a predictor, as the former is not typically a feature of a dual disorder (Potvin, Sepehry, & Stip, 2006). Objective - This study explored the possibility of distinguishing subgroups within our sample using cognitive functioning to further identify factors that could help the differential diagnosis between a PPD co-occurring with substance-use and a methamphetamine (MA) induced psychosis. The hypothesis stipulates that individuals with a PPD should present with different cognitive deficits compared to individuals with SIP. Methods - This study used the data collected as part of a longitudinal study (the MAPS project) that took place in Vancouver BC, Canada. 172 individuals presenting with psychosis and MA abuse were recruited. Substance use, symptoms severity and cognitive deficits were assessed. Results - Cluster analyses revealed two profiles: individuals in Cluster 1 had a poorer performance on the Gambling task net score (M=-28,1) as well as on the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test - Revised (HVLT-R; M=63) % of retention score compared to those in Cluster 2. Individuals in Cluster 1 also had more negative symptoms than individuals in Cluster 2, t=2,29, p<0.05 and were more likely to have had a psychiatric diagnosis, X2(3) = 16.26, p< 0.001. Conclusion - Results suggest that cognitive predictors might help identify PPD that co-occur with MA abuse.
Cognition Dual-disorder Schizophrenia Methamphetamine-induced psychosis