Accumulation et translocation de cinq éléments traces dans la biomasse aérienne de végétaux d’intérêt  dans un contexte de phytoremédiation
Ecological services provided by nature has led to the flourishment of greening initiatives in urban areas as a means to sustainable development and for the reclamation of devalued polluted sectors in terms of environmental, social and economic perspectives.  One impediment associated with such greening initiatives on polluted sites is the resulting contamination of aboveground plant material by trace elements.  My research project consisted of a trial of fifteen species selected for their urban predominance, ecological relevance, edibility, prospective commercial use and phytoremediation potential. Species were grown for 15 weeks in a tunnel greenhouse, in pots filled with contaminated technosol containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as well as Cu, Zn, Se and Ag. The soil was also spiked with Cd as a model of highly hazardous and mobile trace elements. The prime objective was to quantify the accumulation of trace elements in the aboveground biomass in terms of relative concentration as well as true extracted quantities (phytoextraction). The second objective of the project was to determine translocation patterns within aboveground tissues: stem, leave and reproductive organs (flowers or fruits).  Within the trial, some species were selected for their potential hyperaccumulation of Se (mustard) and Cd (wonder-berry and common yarrow). Our results indicated that accumulation and translocation patterns differed greatly according to species and trace elements. The potential hyperaccumulator species morel and yarrow as well as mustard stood out from other by their potential to accumulate Cd and Se respectively. Exclusion mechanisms were observed for Cd translocation within reproductive organs for all species that produced fruits or flowers, however all edible parts were above standard recommendations in terms of Cd concentration. Regarding these results, soil characterization and contamination should be an essential preliminary step before any greening initiative can take place, in order to select the appropriate species.
translocation technosol zinc greening phytoremediation trace element copper zinc silver