Limiter la production d’angiopoiétine-like 2 vasculaire prévient le développement de l’athérosclérose associé à la sénescence endothéliale
Aging is associated with progressive deterioration of the organism functions leading to death. Accumulated alterations in aging favor the appearance of age-related diseases including cardiovascular diseases. Senescence is the cellular process underlying aging and the cause of organism decline. Senescent cells lose their ability to proliferate but remain metabolically active by secreting a cocktail of molecules involved in chronic inflammation and progression of age-related diseases such as atherosclerosis. Angiopoietin-like 2 (Angptl2) is a pro-inflammatory and an anti-apoptotic protein involved in the development of atherosclerosis and secreted by senescent cells. In this light, we hypothesized that an inhibition of vascular Angpt12 would be conducive to an attenuation of atherogenesis associated to endothelial senescence. The aim of my project was to study the beneficial effects of an in vivo reduction of Angptl2 in the development of atherosclerosis and endothelial senescence in severely dyslipidemic mice (LDLr - / -; hApoB100 + / +). Using a serotype 1 adeno-associated virus containing a short hairpin ARN against Angptl2 (AAV1-shAngptl2), we showed that blocking the expression of vascular Angptl2 decreased plaque size by 58% in the thoracic aorta of mice. These results are explained by a decrease in senescence, recruitment of monocytes and lower inflammation in the endothelium as well as a decrease in inflammation and infiltration of macrophages in the media of arterial wall. In addition, few days after the administration of AAV1-shAngptl2, we showed that senescent endothelial cells are eliminated by apoptosis, which in turn promotes the recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells in order to renew the endothelium, collectively contributing to a reduction of atherogenesis. These results demonstrate a link between Angptl2 and senescence in atherosclerosis, and they were validated by clinical data showing that vascular expression levels of Angptl2 correlates with the expression of the senescence marker p21 in the mammary arteries of patients with coronary artery disease. In conclusion, our study suggests that inhibition of vascular Angptl2 could be a new senolytic pathway to reduce atherosclerosis.
AAV1-shAngptl2 inflammation Angiopoietin-like 2 senescence atherosclerosis aging AAV1-shAngptl2 endothelium inflammation apoptosis senolytic