Edgar Degas et le traitement moderne de la figure féminine : un terrain propice à l'éclosion des approches critiques féministes en art du XXe siècle
Edgar Degas, famous observer of nineteenth century Parisian life, made a special subject of the female figure throughout his whole career. As early as his first attempts at historical paintings and his first portraits - many of which depicted couples and family members - Degas introduces some kind of tension between men and women. This tension can not only be seen in the structure of his works but also through the postures and facial expressions of his characters. It remains in the genre paintings which show Degas’ increased interest in scenes of contemporary life after he turned away from historical topics. Those scenes point to a narrative that until today is difficult to decipher but where an opposition of a sort can still be seen between the male and female poles of the picture. But it is especially in the works depicting women at work or tending to their personal hygiene in the artist’s mature period that this tension is shown at its peak. It vibrates with an increasingly more personal and social tone. A shift in the figurative structure maintains the female pole in the depicted space whereas the male pole is now located in the beholder’s space. Female wearily label even by the postures, demeanors, and expressions lead us to believe that they are subjected to some visual intrusion of male origin, one akin to the existing voyeurism developing in the same period in many academic paintings and popular illustrations.
Degas vie moderne painting second half of Nineteenth Century modern life feminism