Nanoparticules Chitosane-PEG-FA-ADN pour la thérapie génique non virale et application du gène de l’IL-1Ra dans un modèle expérimental d’arthrite rhumatoïde
Considered to be one of the medical challenges of the coming decade, the success of gene therapy depends on the ability to deliver therapeutic DNA to target cells. Non-viral polymers, such as chitosan (Ch), a cationic polymer, can be easily combined with DNA. Once a complex is formed, DNA is protected from degradation by nucleases.  The first objective of this study was to define the characteristics of the best-suited Ch nanoparticle for maximum selective transfection in human epidermoid carcinoma (KB) cells in vitro. Nanoparticles varied by the presence or absence of folic acid (FA) and Ch’s molecular weight (MW 5, 25 and 50 kDa). They were then selected and combined with interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) gene, a natural blocker of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta (IL-1β). The second objective was to inject these carriers by the hydrodynamic method in a rat model of adjuvant-induced arthritis and to evaluate the inhibitory effects of IL-1Ra against inflammation in vivo.   Ch-DNA nanoparticles with FA and Ch25 demonstrated selective transfection and significantly increased it in KB cells in vitro. The inhibitory effects of IL-1Ra gene therapy in vivo were evident from lower expression levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1 and prostaglandin E2) and decreased macroscopic limb inflammation. The results also revealed the presence of human recombinant IL-1Ra protein in rat sera. Non-viral gene therapy with Ch-PEG-FA-DNA nanoparticles containing the IL-1Ra gene appears to significantly decrease inflammation in this experimental model of arthritis.
In vitro In vivo IL-1Ra Non-viral gene therapy Chitosan nanoparticles folic acid Molecular weight Gene transfection In-vivo Rheumatoid arthritis IL-1Ra Pro-inflammatory factors