Rôles et régulation du PI(4,5)P2 dans le remodelage cortical et la morphogénèse cellulaire en mitose
Cell division must be accurately controlled in time and space to permit the formation of two daughter cells whose genetic content is identical to that of the mother cell. This process requires successive modifications of cell shape, induced by cortical remodelling. Molecular mechanisms controlling cortical reorganization during mitosis remain partially uncharacterized. Our work in Drosophila cells demonstrates that PI(4,5)P2, a phosophoinositide of the plasma membrane, is enriched at the equatorial region at the onset of anaphase. This PI(4,5)P2 is necessary for the cortical stability of mitotic cells, and requires dMoesin activation. The dMoesin, linking actin to the plasma membrane, plays a critical role in the cortical organization of mitotic cells and in the regulation of its mechanical properties. We show that the interaction PI(4,5)P2/dMoesin participates in cellular contraction at the beginning of mitosis, then in cell elongation characteristic of subsequent steps. At the end of mitosis, the Pp1-87B phosphatase inactivates the dMoesin. By a systematic functional screen, we characterize the key role of two pathways acting in synergy to locally produce PI(4,5)P2, Skittles- and Pten-dependent, and the role of a third pathway requiring dOcrl activity to control PI(4,5)P2 homeostasis. Altogether, these results allow us to better understand the mechanisms controlling cortical remodelling and modifications of cell shape that occur during mitosis.
Mitosis Cell Morphogenesis Cytoskeleton PI(4,5)P2 Skittles Pten dOcrl