Nouvelle thérapie épigénétique dans le traitement du neuroblastome pédiatrique
Pediatric neuroblastoma is one of the most common extracranial cancer in children. Despite an improvement in survival with the currently available therapies, neuroblastoma with an amplification of the transcription factor MYCN has a very poor prognosis. New therapeutic approaches must be developed to increase the survival of patients. One such approach is epigenetic drug therapy. Neuroblastoma, like many other pediatric cancers, contains several epigenetic alterations at the level of DNA methylation and histone modifications. In a screening of FDA-approved drugs, we discovered some molecules having characteristics of epigenetic drugs that were unknown until now. Our study seeks to demonstrate the efficacy of these molecules in the treatment of neuroblastoma cell lines. Following preliminary tests, one of the molecules approved by the FDA stood out: disulfiram, a medication approved for the treatment of chronic alcoholism. We treated neuroblastoma cell lines (MYCN amplified: IMR-32, N91 and SK-N-DZ; MYCN non-amplified: SK-N-AS and SK-N-SH) for 48 hours with disulfiram at clinically relevant concentrations (from 10 nM to 20 µM). Our results demonstrate a 50% growth inhibition (IC50) of 80nM for the cell lines tested. In addition, after analysis by flow cytometry, we found a cell cycle block in G2/M. RNA sequencing also revealed that disulfiram affects a many genes (downregulated n=508, upregulated n=207). We also observed a decrease in the transcription factor MYCN and a reduction in acetylation of several histone marks by Western blot’s analysis. Further studies are underway to determine the mechanism of action of disulfiram. This study shows the potential of disulfiram in the treatment of neuroblastoma.
MYCN Neuroblastoma Epigenetic Pharmacology