Développement d'une méthode de quantification des varicosités synaptiques et asynaptiques établies par les neurones dopaminergiques
Dopamine neurons (DA) of the Substantia Nigra compacta (SNc) and Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) are able to develop axon terminals that are either synaptic or non-synaptic in terms of their structure. No method other than electron microscopy was previously developed to quantify synaptic and non-synaptic axonal varicosities established by DA neurons. The main objective of this project was to develop a method for the quantification and analysis of synaptic and non-synaptic terminals established by cultured DA neurons. We hypothesized that synapses should be visualized by the colocalisation of presynaptic proteins such as synaptotagmin 1 (SYT1) and postsynaptic markers like the postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95).               To perform this, we prepared primary DA neurons cultures from neurons obtained from the ventral mesencephalon of TH-GFP transgenic mice. We then used immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy to localize markers of the pre and postsynaptic compartments. Images were quantified using the Image-J software.                Our results show that the majority of axon terminals established by DA neurons contain the presynaptic marker SYT1. However, only a minority are associated with the postsynaptic marker PSD95, compatible with previous in vivo results. In comparison, glutamatergic neurons from the cortex establish a majority of terminals associated with a postsynaptic marker.                Our results validate the establishment of an experimental strategy allowing quantification of the proportion of synaptic and non-synaptic contacts established by DA neurons, a technique that we plan to use to explore the molecular mechanisms of synapse formation by these neurons.
Dopamine Synapses Adhesion proteins Immunocytochemistry Varicosities