Évaluations physiologiques de la tricaïne méthanesulfonate pour l’anesthésie des grenouilles africaines à griffes (Xenopus laevis)
Very few studies exist on the physiological and pharmacological effects of the most commonly used anesthetic agent used in amphibians, tricaine methanesulfonate, in Xenopus laevis frogs. Our first goal was to measure the effects of 20 minutes bath immersions of 1 and 2 g/L tricaine methanesulfonate on cardiorespiratory system, analgesia and reflexes. We also studied the pharmacokinetic of  tricaine methanesulfonate following an immersion in a 2 g/L bath. Our results show that both 1 and 2 g/L baths produce surgical anesthesia during 30 and 60 minutes respectively, without significant effect on the cardiorespiratory system. Following the immersion in a 2 g/L bath, the tricaine methanesulfonate has a terminal half-life of 3,9 hours and no effect on tissue histology is observed 24 hours after anesthesia. In a second experiment, we evaluated the effects of tricaine methanesulfonate overdose on cardiorespiratory system and on central nervous system using electroencephalography. Moreover, we evaluated the effect of sodium pentobarbital injection after 2 hours of immersion. A significant EEG depression of central nervous system activity occurred with the use of tricaine methanesulfonate following 2 hours of recording and the pentobarbital injection was necessary to induce euthanasia. We showed that tricaine methanesulfonate can produce safe anesthesia of 30 to 60 minutes with reduction of CNS activity and without cardiorespiratory effect in Xenopus laevis.
tricaine methanesulfonate anesthesia euthanasia amphibian African clawed frog pharmacokinetics electroencephalogram