Fonction auriculaire gauche dans la maladie de Fabry par analyse échocardiographique de la déformation myocardique
Background: Fabry disease (FD) is characterized by the accumulation of sphingolipids in multiple organs including the left atrium (LA). It is uncertain if the LA reservoir, conduit and contractile functions evaluated by speckle-tracking echocardiography are affected in Fabry cardiomyopathy and whether enzyme replacement therapy can improve LA function. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, LA strain, strain rates and phasic LA volumes were studied in 50 FD patients and compared to 50 healthy controls.  Results: All three LA phasic functions were altered. The peak positive strain (reservoir function) was 38.9 ± 14.9 % vs. 46.5 ± 10.9 % (p=0.004) and the late diastolic strain (contractile function) was 12.6 ± 5.9 % vs. 15.6 ± 5.3 % (p=0.010). In 15 patients who started enzyme replacement therapy during the study, most of the LA parameters improved at one-year follow-up (peak positive strain from 32.0 ± 13.5 % to 38.0 ± 13.5 %; p=0.006) whereas there was a trend towards deterioration in 15 patients who never received treatment (peak positive strain from 47.3 ± 10.8 % to 41.3 ± 9.3 %; p=0.058). Nine FD patients (21%) experienced new-onset atrial fibrillation or stroke during four-year follow-up. By univariate analysis, peak positive strain and early diastolic strain demonstrated significant associations with clinical events, surpassing conventional echocardiographic parameters and clinical characteristics. Conclusions: Left atrial reservoir, conduit and contractile functions by speckle-tracking echocardiography were all affected in FD. Enzyme replacement therapy improved LA function. Left atrial strain parameters were associated with atrial fibrillation and stroke.
Fabry disease Left atrial function Myocardial strain Speckle-tracking echocardiography Atrial fibrillation Stroke Enzyme replacement therapy