Enjeux de santé mentale et consommation de substances psychoactives en contexte sexuel ou «chemsex» chez les HARSAH à Montréal
Background: Gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBM) are at higher risk of anxiety and/or depression symptoms compared to the general population. Chemsex is defined as the use of gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid, methamphetamine, cocaine, ecstasy and ketamine during sex. Little is known regarding the association between chemsex and anxiety and depression symptoms, and if this relation is moderated by HIV status. Methods: Montréal baseline data from the Engage cohort study were used. 1179 sexually active GBM ≥ 16 years old were recruited via respondent-driven sampling (RDS). Presence of anxiety and depression symptoms were defined using a score of ≥ 8 on either the anxiety- or depression-subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Using two logistic multivariate models, we assessed the association of chemsex with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Statistical interaction between self-reported HIV status and chemsex were tested in each multivariate model adjusting for potential confounders. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) are reported; analyses were RDS-adjusted. Results: Effect modification by self-reported HIV status was statistically significant for anxiety and depression symptoms. Anxiety symptoms were positively associated with HIV-negative GBM engaging in chemsex compared to HIV-negative GBM not engaging in chemsex (aOR=1.75, 95%CI:1.14-2.68); significant confounders included being younger (aOR=1.04, 95%CI:1.02-1.05), education ≤ high school diploma (aOR=1.89, 95%CI:1.28-2.82), alcohol misuse (aOR=1.45, 95%CI:1.08-1.96), lifetime history of sexual abuse (aOR=3.47, 95%CI:2.46-4.92) and being positive to C. trachomatis, gonococcal or syphilis infection (aOR=0.45, 95%CI:0.27-0.75). Depression symptoms were positively associated with HIV-negative GBM engaging in chemsex compared to HIV-negative GBM not engaging in chemsex (aOR=1.66, 95%CI:1.11-2.46); significant confounders included not identifying as a cis-gendered male (aOR=2.77, 95%CI:1.78-4.28) and lifetime history of sexual abuse (aOR=2.85, 95%CI:2.08-3.91). Conclusions: Results suggest that engaging in chemsex is linked to anxiety and depression symptoms among HIV-negative GBM but not for GBM living with HIV. Longitudinal research is needed to understand the directionality of identified associations. Implications of results for intervention strategies are discussed.
Chemsex Anxiety HIV GBM