TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to the field of antennas, and specifically, to a beam synthesis method and apparatus for measuring an array antenna.

BACKGROUND

In the related art, in an electrical performance test on an array antenna or a combination of an array antenna and a radome, an actual operating stats is usually simulated, and the test is performed with a transmitter. However, performance of the array antenna and the radome in a test condition without a transmitter cannot be learned.

For the problem in the related art, no effective solution is currently proposed.

SUMMARY

For the problem in the related art, the present disclosure provides a beam synthesis method and apparatus for measuring an array antenna, so that beam synthesis can be performed on far-field data in a single-antenna test, to implement an equivalent directivity pattern test with a transmitter and resolve a far-field directivity pattern test problem without a transmitter and a beam control system.

The technical solutions in the present disclosure are implemented as follows: According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a beam synthesis method for measuring an array antenna is provided.

The beam synthesis method for measuring an array antenna includes: obtaining a phase, an amplitude, and related distance values of each antenna unit, where the related distance values include a first distance value and a second distance value, the first distance value is information about a distance between each antenna unit and a center of a rotary table, and the second distance value is information about a distance between each antenna unit and an adjacent antenna unit; calculating a phase directivity pattern of each antenna unit, and compensating the phase directivity pattern of each antenna unit based on the phase and the first distance value of each antenna unit, to obtain a phase error value of each antenna unit; and synthesizing radio frequency signals of a plurality of antenna units based on the phase, the amplitude, the second distance value, and the phase error value of each antenna unit, to obtain an antenna beam.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the calculating a phase directivity pattern of each antenna unit, and compensating the phase directivity pattern of each antenna unit based on the phase and the first distance value of each antenna unit, to obtain a phase error value of each antenna unit includes: calculating the phase directivity pattern of each antenna unit; and substituting the phase and the first distance value of each antenna unit into a phase compensation formula, to obtain the phase error value of each antenna unit, so as to compensate the phase directivity pattern of each antenna unit, where the phase compensation formula is as follows:

ϕi′=ϕi+360·riλ,

where ϕ′iis a phase error value of an antenna unit i, ϕiis a phase of the antenna unit i, riis a first distance value of the antenna unit i, λ is a wavelength of an electromagnetic wave transmitted by the array antenna, i is a natural number greater than 1 and less than n, and n is a quantity of antennas.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the synthesizing radio frequency signals of a plurality of antenna units based on the phase, the amplitude, the second distance value, and the phase error value of each antenna unit, to obtain an antenna beam includes: obtaining a deflection angle of a radio frequency signal of each antenna unit, where the deflection angle of each antenna unit is the same; and calculating the antenna beam based on the phase, the amplitude, the second distance value, and the phase error value of each antenna unit, where a calculation formula is as follows:

Atotal=∑i=1n⁢Ai⁢eϕi′+i·d·k·sin⁡(θ),

where Atotalis the antenna beam, Aiis an amplitude of the antenna unit i, e is a natural constant, d is the second distance value, k is an electromagnetic wave propagation vector, and θ is the deflection angle.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the beam synthesis method further includes: obtaining far-field directivity patterns of the plurality of antenna units; generating a far-field directivity pattern of the antenna beam based on the antenna beam, and comparing antenna signal trends in the far-field directivity patterns of the plurality of antenna units and the far-field directivity pattern of the antenna beam; and if the antenna signal trends are consistent, determining that the calculated antenna beam is correct.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, second distance values between any two antenna units in the antenna array are equal.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a beam synthesis apparatus for measuring an array antenna is provided.

The beam synthesis apparatus for measuring an array antenna includes: an obtaining module, configured to: obtain a phase, an amplitude, and related distance values of each antenna unit, where the related distance values include a first distance value and a second distance value, the first distance value is information about a distance between each antenna unit and a center of a rotary table, and the second distance value is information about a distance between each antenna unit and an adjacent antenna unit; a calculation and compensation unit, configured to: calculate a phase directivity pattern of each antenna unit, and compensate the phase directivity pattern of each antenna unit based on the phase and the first distance value of each antenna unit, to obtain a phase error value of each antenna unit; and a synthesis unit, configured to: synthesize radio frequency signals of a plurality of antenna units based on the phase, the amplitude, the second distance value, and the phase error value of each antenna unit, to obtain an antenna beam.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a first calculation unit, configured to: calculate the phase directivity pattern of each antenna unit; and a compensation unit, configured to: substitute the phase and the first distance value of each antenna unit into a phase compensation formula, to obtain the phase error value of each antenna unit, so as to compensate the phase directivity pattern of each antenna unit, where the phase compensation formula is as follows:

ϕi′=ϕi+360·riλ,

where ϕ′iis a phase error value of an antenna unit i, ϕiis a phase of the antenna unit i, riis a first distance value of the antenna unit i, λ is a wavelength of an electromagnetic wave transmitted by the array antenna, i is a natural number greater than 1 and less than n, and n is a quantity of antennas.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the synthesis unit includes: a first obtaining submodule, configured to: obtain a deflection angle of a radio frequency signal of each antenna unit, where the deflection angle of each antenna unit is the same; and a second calculation unit, configured to: calculate the antenna beam based on the phase, the amplitude, the second distance value, and the phase error value of each antenna unit, where a calculation formula is as follows:

Atotal=∑i=1n⁢Ai⁢eϕi′+i·d·k·sin⁡(θ),

where Atotalis the antenna beam, Aiis an amplitude of the antenna unit i, e is a natural constant, d is the second distance value, k is an electromagnetic wave propagation vector, and θ is the deflection angle.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the beam synthesis apparatus further includes: a second obtaining submodule, configured to: obtain far-field directivity patterns of the plurality of antenna units; a comparison unit, configured to: generate a far-field directivity pattern of the antenna beam based on the antenna beam, and compare antenna signal trends in the far-field directivity patterns of the plurality of antenna units and the far-field directivity pattern of the antenna beam; and a determining unit, configured to: if the antenna signal trends are consistent, determine that the calculated antenna beam is correct.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, second distance values between any two antenna units in the antenna array are equal.

A beneficial effect of the present disclosure lies in:

In the present disclosure, the phase, the amplitude, and the related distance values of each antenna unit are obtained; then the phase directivity pattern of each antenna unit is calculated, and the phase directivity pattern of each antenna unit is compensated based on the phase and the first distance value of each antenna unit, to obtain the phase error value of each antenna unit; and finally, radio frequency signals of a plurality of antenna units are synthesized based on the phase, the amplitude, the second distance value, and the phase error value of each antenna unit, to obtain the antenna beam. Therefore, beam synthesis is performed on far-field data in a single-antenna test, to implement an equivalent directivity pattern test with a transmitter.

