BACKGROUND

1. Field

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and a method for encoding and decoding a channel in a communication or broadcasting system.

2. Description of Related Art

To meet the demand for wireless data traffic having increased since the deployment of 4G communication systems, efforts have been made to develop an improved 5G or pre-5G communication system. Therefore, the 5G or pre-5G communication system is also called a “beyond 4G network” or a “post long term evolution (LTE) system.” A 5G communication system is considered to be implemented in high frequency (mm Wave) bands, e.g., 60 GHz bands, so as to accomplish high data rates. To decrease propagation loss of radio waves and increase transmission distance, beamforming, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), full dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antenna, analog beam forming, and large scale antenna techniques are discussed in 5G communication systems. In addition, in 5G communication systems, development for system network improvement is under way based on advanced small cells, cloud radio access networks (RANs), ultra-dense networks, device-to-device (D2D) communication, wireless backhaul, moving network, cooperative communication, coordinated multi-points (CoMP), reception-end interference cancellation and the like. In a 5G system, hybrid frequency shift keying (FSK) and Feher's quadrature amplitude (QAM) modulation (FQAM) and sliding window superposition coding (SWSC) as an advanced coding modulation (ACM), filter bank multi carrier (FBMC), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and sparse code multiple access (SCMA) as an advanced access technology have been developed.

The Internet, which is a human centered connectivity network where humans generate and consume information, is now evolving to the Internet of things (IoT) where distributed entities, such as things, exchange and process information without human intervention. The Internet of everything (IoE), which is a combination of the IoT technology and Big Data processing technology through connection with a cloud server, has emerged. As technology elements, such as sensing technology, wired/wireless communication and network infrastructure, service interface technology, and security technology have been demanded for IoT implementation, a sensor network, a machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine type communication (MTC), and so forth have been recently researched. Such an IoT environment may provide intelligent Internet technology services that create new value for human life by collecting and analyzing data generated among connected things. IoT may be applied to a variety of fields including smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car or connected cars, smart grid, health care, smart appliances and advanced medical services through convergence and combination between existing information technology (IT) and various industrial applications.

In line with this, various attempts have been made to apply 5G communication systems to IoT networks. For example, technologies such as a sensor network, MTC, and M2M communication may be implemented by beamforming, MIMO, and array antennas. Application of a cloud RAN as the above-described Big Data processing technology may also be considered to be an example of convergence between 5G technology and IoT technology.

In a communication/broadcasting system, link performance can be significantly degraded by various noise, fading phenomena, and inter-symbol interference (ISI) of a channel. Therefore, in order to implement high-speed digital communication/broadcasting systems requiring high data throughput and reliability such as next-generation mobile communication, digital broadcasting, and portable Internet, it is required to develop a technique for overcoming noise, fading, and intersymbol interface. As part of the research to overcome noise, etc., recent research on error correcting codes has been actively carried out as a method for improving the reliability of communication by efficiently restoring information distortion.

SUMMARY

An aspect of the present disclosure provides a method and apparatus for transmitting a coded bit, which may support various input lengths and coding rates.

Another aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a method for configuring a base graph of a low-density parity-check (LDPC) code used for data channel transmission and a method and apparatus for segmenting a transport block (TB) using the LDPC code.

Another aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a method and apparatus for segmenting uplink control information (UCI) into multiple polar code blocks and transmitting the UCI.

Another aspect of the present disclosure is to satisfy various service requirements of a next-generation mobile communication system by using an LDPC code which can be applied to a variable length and a variable rate.

Another aspect of the present disclosure is to support an efficient operation of LDPC coding which is a data channel coding method.

Another aspect of the present disclosure is to support a method of performing channel coding after segmenting uplink control information into one or more code blocks.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method by a terminal in a wireless communication system is provided. Downlink control information including modulation and coding scheme (MCS) information is received from a base station. A number of information bits are identified based on the downlink control information. A transport block size (TBS) is identified based on the number of information bits and a TBS candidate set. The TBS candidate set includes values separated by an interval among a plurality of intervals. Each of the plurality of intervals is a multiple of 8. A first interval between first consecutive values included in the TBS candidate set is larger than a second interval between second consecutive values included in the TBS candidate set. The first consecutive values are greater than or equal to a predetermined value, and the second consecutive values are less than the predetermined value.

