TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a crusher blade plate (fixed blade plate, movable blade plate) and a crusher for crushing (cutting) an object to be crushed.

BACKGROUND ART

Conventionally, there is known a crusher that crushes objects to be crushed such as cast products, sprue gates, sprue runners, and weirs that are no longer necessary. When these unnecessary objects to be crushed can be finely crushed, it is convenient in storing, transporting, and processing the crushed waste material. Therefore, in order to achieve efficient crushing of the object to be crushed, the blade plate used in the crusher is particularly important. As an example of a literature related to a crusher that crushes an unnecessary object to be crushed, Patent Literature 1 below can be cited.

CITATIONS LIST

Patent Literature

Patent Literature 1 describes a “hydraulic crushing and cutting apparatus for casting weirs, sprue runners, and defective products” that includes: a fixed blade device that has a large number of mountain-shaped blades provided on a frame with open top and bottom surfaces and projecting in a staggered pattern; a swingable blade device that faces the fixed blade device and has a large number of mountain-shaped blades to mate with the mountain-shaped blades having a pivoting portion under the frame; a pressing means such as a cylinder that swings the swingable blade device; a discharge port that is provided at a lower part of the swingable blade device and the fixed blade device to discharge crushed or cut cast pieces.Patent Literature 1: JP 6-106083 A

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

Technical Problems

However, the invention according to Patent Literature 1 is intended to crush or cut casting weirs, sprue runners, and defective products by mating with each other the mountain-shaped blades of the fixed blade device and the mountain-shaped blades of the swingable blade device facing the fixed blade device. That is, the apparatus contacts by “surface” with the target object to be crushed. Therefore, the apparatus does not contact by “blade” described later as in the present invention. Thus, stress concentration does not easily work on unnecessary casting products, and the weirs, runners, and defective products may not be finely crushed (cut).

Solutions to Problems

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a blade plate for a crusher that has a rhombic blade part, a mountain-shaped blade part, and others that are arranged on a surface of a base material part to form various blade parts and that finely crushes (cuts) an object to be crushed by bringing the blade parts into “line” contact with the object to be crushed to cause stress concentration on the object to be crushed as an unnecessary casting product (in particular, an aluminum casting product or the like), and a crusher with the blade plate.

The invention is a blade plate for a crusher, including: a base material part; and a large number of blade parts arranged on a surface of the base material part. The blade parts are mountain-shaped blade parts that have a skirt portion and a tip portion. The skirt portion has a plurality of inclined portions, forms an inclined blade at a corner between the inclined portions, and has chipped portions at tip portions of the inclined portions. The tip portion has a tip blade of a substantially cross shape in a front view formed at a corner between the chipped portions, and the blade plate is installed on a fixed side or a movable side of the crusher.

The blade plate for a crusher can have the mountain-shaped blade parts arranged in a staggered pattern, and the blade plate can be installed on the fixed side or the movable side.

In another aspect of the invention, the blade plate for a crusher, includes: a base material part; and a large number of blade parts arranged on a surface of the base material part. The blade parts have a rhombic blade part and a mountain-shaped blade part. The rhombic blade part forms a rhombic blade at a corner between inclined portions. The mountain-shaped blade part has a mountain shape that includes a skirt portion and a tip portion. The skirt portion has a plurality of inclined portions, forms an inclined blade at a corner between the inclined portions, and has chipped portions at tip portions of the inclined portions. The tip portion has a tip blade of a substantially cross shape in a front view formed at a corner between the chipped portions. The mountain-shaped blade part is coupled to an apex of the rhombic blade part, and the blade plate is installed on a fixed side or a movable side.

For the blade plate for a crusher, convex blade parts having convex blades formed at a corner between the inclined portions and/or convex blade parts having an edge at a corner between the inclined portion and a belt-like portion are continuously arranged at some of the mountain-shaped blade parts in a bottom tier of the base material part, and the blade plate is installed on the fixed side or the movable side.

For the fixed blade plate for a crusher, a lower surface of the base material part has an inclined surface and a vertical surface continuous from the inclined surface, and the blade plate is installed on the fixed side.

For the movable blade plate for a crusher, the convex blade parts have one or two or more notch portions, and the blade plate is installed on the movable side.

For the movable blade plate for a crusher, small blade parts having a small blade formed at a corner between the inclined portions are provided both sides of the convex blade parts, and the blade plate is installed on the movable side.

For the blade plate for a crusher, a horizontal blade part and/or a vertical blade part is disposed above the mountain-shaped blade part arranged at a top tier of the base material part, and the blade plate is installed on the fixed side or the movable side.

For the blade plate for a crusher, an area surrounded by four sides of the rhombic blade part is set as a mating area, and the mating area is provided with a protruding blade part, and the blade plate is installed on the fixed side or the movable side.

For the blade plate for a crusher, one or more protruding blade parts are provided in a vicinity of the convex blade parts, and the blade plate is installed on the fixed side or the movable side.

For the blade plate for a crusher, one or more lower blade parts are provided in a vicinity of the convex blade parts, and the blade plate is installed on the fixed side or the movable side.

For the blade plate for a crusher, the base material part and the blade parts are made of high manganese cast steel, a bolt hole for screwing a bolt is formed on one or more of a front surface, a back surface, a flat surface, a bottom surface, and a side surface of the base material part, and the blade plate is installed on the fixed side or the movable side.

For the blade plate for a crusher, an angle θ between the inclined blades of the mountain-shaped blade parts arranged in the base material part is 90° or more, and the blade plate is installed on the fixed side or the movable side.

In another aspect of the invention, a crusher includes: a vertically opening frame that is formed from a pair of side frames arranged in parallel, a front frame that connects front sides of both the side frames, and a rear frame that connects back sides of the side frames, and has an upper opening part into which an object to be crushed is put and a lower opening part from which a crushed object is discharged; a fixed blade plate that is fixed to and supported by a holder perpendicular to or inclined from the frame; and a movable blade plate that is pivotally supported at a fulcrum shaft disposed between both the side frames, inclined from the frame at a backward movement limit position, perpendicular to the frame at a forward movement limit position, and moves forward and backward with the fulcrum shaft as a support point along with forward and backward movement of a piston rod of a cylinder provided in the rear frame. The object to be crushed is supplied into a V-shaped crushing space formed between the fixed blade plate and the movable blade plate and the movable blade plate is moved forward with respect to the fixed blade plate to crush the object to be crushed. The fixed blade plate and/or the movable blade plate is the blade plate described above and herein.

Both side frames of the crusher can have a liner with wear resistance provided inside.

The holder can be formed from an upper part and a lower part, and the lower part includes a receiving blade that has a lower discharge end extended forward and an inclined surface from upper to lower sides.

Advantageous Effects of Invention

According to the invention, the mountain-shaped blade part, the rhombic blade part, and the like are arranged on the surface of the base material part of the blade plate, and the inclined blades formed at the skirt portion and the tip blades formed at the tip portion of the mountain-shaped blade part and the rhombic blades formed at the rhombic blade part contact by “line” with the object to be crushed (in particular, an aluminum cast or the like) as a contact target. This makes it possible to cause stress concentration on the object to be crushed as an unnecessary cast product to be crushed and finely crush (cutting, fracturing, pulverizing, smashing, breaking, or the like) the object to be crushed, thereby facilitating the transportation of the object. In addition, at the time of storing the crushed waste material in the storage bucket, the crushed waste material can be inserted almost without any gap, and the density in the storage basket can be increased. This makes storage and transportation convenient, improves work efficiency, and allows the factory yard to be used widely. In addition, at the time of melting the crushed waste material with an electric furnace or the like, the waste material can be melted at a higher speed due to its thinness, thereby to suppress the power consumption (kwh) during melting and reduce the melting and working costs.

In addition, the blade parts of the fixed blade plate and the movable blade plate can contact by “line” with the object to be crushed at a plurality of positions, thereby to finely crush (cut or the like) the object to be crushed into a size of product material. This makes it possible to turn the object to be crushed into “product”.

According to the invention, the convex blade parts disposed on the surface of the base material part of the blade plate, the convex blade parts having notch portions, the small blade parts on both the sides of the convex blade parts allow effective crushing (cutting or the like) of the object to be crushed and discharging of the crushed waste material by the effect of these portions alone or in synergy with one another.

According to the invention, the crushed waste material can be easily discharged by the inclined surface provided on the lower surface of the base material part of the fixed blade plate and the vertical surface continuous from the inclined surface.

According to the invention of claim8, the horizontal blade part and/or the vertical blade part arranged on the surface of the base material part of the blade plate allow the object to be crushed to be largely divided in an effective manner and prevent the object to be crushed from escaping upward during the crushing operation.

According to the invention, the protruding blade parts in the mating area surrounded by the four sides of the rhombic blade part allow effective crushing (cutting or the like) of the object to be crushed and prevent the crushed waste material from getting caught between the blade parts.

According to the invention, the one or more protruding blade parts or lower blade parts provided in the vicinity of the convex blade part of the blade plate for a crusher installed on the fixed side or the movable side make it possible to crush (cut or the like) the waste material that has fallen downward in a more effective manner. In addition, it is possible to prevent the crushed waste material from getting caught between the blade parts and facilitate discharging of the waste materials.

According to the invention, the blade plate has the base material part and the blade parts made of high manganese cast steel with high hardness and toughness. This makes it possible to provide the blade plate that becomes work-hardened every time it is used, and has excellent wear resistance and impact wear resistance.

Conventional blade plates require maintenance in each certain period of time. However, the blade plate made of high manganese cast steel of the present invention becomes more increased in hardness and toughness as it is used, and thus is maintenance-free for about several to dozen years or longer.

In addition, the base material part of high manganese cast steel has the bolt holes, and the bolt holes become more work-hardened and increased in strength as they are used. In addition, the bolt holes will not become loosened, thereby improving the accuracy of attachment to the blade plate and performance.

Increasing the hardness of the blade plate makes it possible to lower the replacement frequency due to the longer life of the blade plate and reduce the labor required for the replacement work.

According to the invention, at the angle θ between the inclined blades of the skirt portion of the mountain-shaped blade part 90° or more, the crushed material becomes less likely to be fitted between the inclined blades. Accordingly, the object to be crushed and the crushed waste material become easy to fall.

According to the invention, it is possible to efficiently crush the object to be crushed by the crusher using the blade plate having the advantageous effects of the inventions of claims1to13, and improve the operating rate of the crusher.

According to the invention, it is possible to lengthen the life time of the blade plate and the crusher with the wear-resistant liner provided inside both the side frames. Further, according to the invention, it is possible to effectively receive and crush (cutting or the like) a long object to be crushed.

