BACKGROUND

Design verification is an essential step in the product development process for integrated circuits. Design verification may involve various techniques including simulation, functional verification, or formal verification to verify that a system behaves as intended. Simulation can include testing a design against various stimuli and comparing the output with the expected results. Functional verification can be used to uncover potential errors in the design or architecture of the system using behavior modeling or testbenches. Formal verification may generally rely on model checking techniques to prove or disprove correctness of a system using mathematical models based on a formal specification. Formal verification has applications in various fields, e.g., artificial intelligence, cryptography, digital circuits, among others. Design verification coverage is a metric that can be used to determine the extent of the design or specification that has been explored by a stimulus presented to the system.

