<s>[INST]My sister , 33 yrs. had a complaint of regular stomach pain especialy during urination . Recently she has undergone USG which shows mild Hydronephrosis at Rt. kidney and a lobulated complex hypoechoic SOL at lower pole of left kidney.. Attending doctor suggested FNAC . Pls. enlighten us about FNAC and what the implications of her medical problem are and what possible treatment is available in India.[/INST]Hello! Your symptoms are characteristic for partial renal or ureter obstruction (described as HY Chat Doctor.  This state may be caused by kidney stones (what is quite often), kidney/ ureter tumor, ureter narrowing, ureter compressions from outside (something inside abdomen cavity). Your ultrasound shows a loculated complex what should not be neglected (hypoechoic SOL - space occupied lesion is just a cyst, what is very often and not significant in that case). FNAC means fine-needle aspiration cytology. It is a very good idea to rule a cancer out. This procedure looks like a regular injection where a sample of cells is being aspirated and can be exterminated under a microscope. It is very important for you to find what is wrong with your kidney, as HY</s>