[ { "question": "A 66-year-old man presents to the emergency department with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. He endorses diffuse abdominal tenderness. His past medical history is notable for diabetic nephropathy, hypertension, dyslipidemia, depression, and morbid obesity. He also is currently being treated for an outbreak of genital herpes. His temperature is 99.0\u00b0F (37.2\u00b0C), blood pressure is 184/102 mmHg, pulse is 89/min, respirations are 18/min, and oxygen saturation is 98% on room air. Physical exam is notable for an obese man in no acute distress. A CT scan of the abdomen with contrast is performed and is unremarkable. The patient is admitted to the observation unit for monitoring of his pain. Notably, the patient's abdominal pain improves after an enema and multiple bowel movements. The patient's evening laboratory values are ordered and return as seen below.\n\nSerum:\nNa+: 141 mEq/L\nCl-: 99 mEq/L\nK+: 4.8 mEq/L\nHCO3-: 11 mEq/L\nBUN: 20 mg/dL\nGlucose: 177 mg/dL\nCreatinine: 3.1 mg/dL\n\nWhich of the following is the most likely etiology of this patient's laboratory derangements?\n\nA. Acyclovir\nB. Atorvastatin\nC. Metformin\nD. Metoprolol\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5534a4ef45aea8a6f1835750a54c01d0" }, { "question": "A 57-year-old man presents to the emergency department with confusion. His symptoms started a few days ago and have been gradually worsening. Initially, the patient had a fever and a cough which has progressed to abdominal pain, diarrhea, and confusion. His temperature is 102\u00b0F (38.9\u00b0C), blood pressure is 127/68 mmHg, pulse is 120/min, respirations are 17/min, and oxygen saturation is 94% on room air. Physical exam is notable for localized crackles and decreased breath sounds in the left lower lung field. The patient is confused and is answering questions inappropriately. Laboratory studies are ordered as seen below.\n\nHemoglobin: 12 g/dL\nHematocrit: 36%\nLeukocyte count: 16,500/mm^3 with normal differential\nPlatelet count: 190,000/mm^3\n\nSerum:\nNa+: 130 mEq/L\nCl-: 100 mEq/L\nK+: 4.3 mEq/L\nHCO3-: 25 mEq/L\nBUN: 20 mg/dL\nGlucose: 99 mg/dL\nCreatinine: 1.1 mg/dL\nCa2+: 10.2 mg/dL\n\nWhich of the following is the best diagnostic test to guide current therapy in this patient?\n\nA. Chest radiography\nB. Lung biopsy\nC. Sputum culture\nD. Urine antigen test\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dd8e589541d73a377bba717866c90663" }, { "question": "A 25-year-old man with a past medical history of constipation and fibromyalgia presents to the emergency department with generalized malaise and severe diarrhea. The patient states that he has not felt well for the past 24 hours and his symptoms are no longer tolerable. He denies taking any medications or illicit drugs and states he is generally healthy. His temperature is 99.3\u00b0F (37.4\u00b0C), blood pressure is 122/88 mmHg, pulse is 107/min, respirations are 19/min, and oxygen saturation is 99% on room air. Physical exam demonstrates an ill appearing young man. Physical exam is notable for rhinorrhea, lacrimation, and piloerection. The patient\u2019s pupils are dilated and reactive to light. During placement of an ultrasound guided IV, multiple scars are noted in the antecubital fossa, and it is noted that it is very difficult to place an IV in this patient. During the exam, he begins actively vomiting. Which of the following could be an appropriate treatment for this patient\u2019s symptoms?\n\nA. Clonidine\nB. Diazepam taper\nC. Haloperidol and diphenhydramine\nD. Oseltamivir\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8311008699dd8a8270d6c2460eb273e2" }, { "question": "A pediatrician notices that 9 of her patients this year have developed paralysis after a flu-like illness. They range in age from 7 to 11, and most of them had no abnormal activities prior to developing the paralysis. These patients concern her because she has not seen this type of paralytic illness in over 20 years of practice. Based on this experience, she decides to write up the initial presentation and clinical course of these patients and publish them in a journal. Which of the following is most likely true about this study?\n\nA. Different interventions with 2 or more variables can be studied\nB. Hypothesis testing cannot be performed\nC. It should be reported in terms of odds ratio\nD. Participants act as their own controls\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e1afaa0a2270861b458abb792c3c3376" }, { "question": "A 21-year-old woman presents to the emergency room with right arm pain and limited range of motion. She does not recall trauma to the arm. She also complains of diarrhea and nausea. She is sexually active with one male partner and admits to having pain during intercourse. There is vague and diffuse tenderness to palpation in all four abdominal quadrants. No erythema or edema is noted on the right arm. The fecal occult test is negative. Past records show that this patient has been in the ER 7 times in the past year with similar symptoms. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?\n\nA. Ulcerative colitis\nB. Illness anxiety disorder\nC. Somatization disorder\nD. Somatoform pain disorder\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "35f91cbd3199a7e354006753ab457188" }, { "question": "A 25-year-old, G2P2L2 woman presents with a complaint of missed menstrual cycle for 4 weeks. Her previous menstrual cycles were regular, occurring every 28\u201335 days consistently. The patient does not have any other complaints currently. Her past medical history reveals two uncomplicated and normal vaginal deliveries at term. She has a 2-year-old boy and a 6-month-old girl. The patient and her partner use the withdrawal method for contraception. The urine pregnancy test result is positive. The patient returns to the clinic after 1 week expressing her desire to discontinue with the pregnancy and inquires about the possibility of an elective abortion. Which of the following procedures is the most appropriate for elective termination of pregnancy in this patient?\n\nA. Dilatation and evacuation (D&E)\nB. Oxytocin-induced labor\nC. Manual uterine aspiration\nD. Oral mifepristone + misoprostol\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "16ed5ae47712d1e0d5d11757ec2ef887" }, { "question": "A 21-year-old man comes to the emergency room with swelling and severe pain in his left lower leg that started 2 hours ago. He has no history of serious illness or trauma. His father has a history of pulmonary embolism. He has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily since he started college 3 years ago. He appears very distressed. He is 173 cm (5 ft 8 in) tall and weighs 92 kg (203 lb); BMI is 30.7 kg/m2. His temperature is 37\u00b0C (98.6\u00b0F), pulse is 94/min, respirations are 17/min, and blood pressure is 130/78 mm Hg. Physical examination shows a tender and mildly swollen left lower leg; dorsiflexion of the left foot causes severe pain in the calf. Laboratory studies show a platelet count of 184,000/mm3, a prothrombin time of 11 seconds, an activated partial thromboplastin time of 26 seconds, and positive fibrin split products. Ultrasonography of the left leg shows incompressibility of the popliteal vein with a hyperechoic mass and absent blood flow. The patient is administered a 5000 IU intravenous bolus of unfractionated heparin followed by a constant infusion. Six hours later, the activated partial thromboplastin time is 30 seconds. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's symptoms?\n\nA. Antithrombin III deficiency\nB. Factor V Leiden\nC. Protein C deficiency\nD. Antiphospholipid syndrome\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4e831a37450073ddc265d60ed49138b0" }, { "question": "A 5-year-old boy of African descent is presented to the emergency department by his parents. The child is clutching his abdomen and crying about pain in his belly. His mother reports intermittent episodes of jaundice with joint and bone pain since he was 5 months old. At presentation, the patient\u2019s vital signs are within normal limits. Physical examination reveals slight jaundice and pale conjunctiva. The spleen is tender and easily palpable. After a complete blood count with differential and an abdominal ultrasound, the patient is found to have sickle-cell disease with splenic infarct. A partial splenectomy is performed. After the operation, the physician provides vaccines against Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The picture shows a slide obtained from the resected portion of the patient\u2019s spleen. Dysfunction of the zone marked with which number predisposes the patient to the aforementioned infections?\n\nA. 2 only\nB. 1 only\nC. 1 and 2\nD. 1, 2, and 3\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "345ee843207e4040424f34ded5da2219" }, { "question": "A previously healthy 52-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department after sustaining burns over 45% of her body in a house fire. On arrival, she is in acute distress but is fully oriented. Aggressive intravenous fluid resuscitation is begun and the patient is transferred to the intensive care unit of a burn center. 20 hours later, she has several large, tarry black stools and develops hypotension and tachycardia. Despite appropriate lifesaving measures, she dies. Which of the following is the most likely underlying cause of the patient's tarry black stools?\n\nA. Decreased prostaglandin synthesis\nB. Erosion of tortuous submucosal arteriole\nC. Bacterial colonization of the gastric antrum\nD. Decreased gastric blood flow\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "138ae0431f9b20faf417b53867c55bb1" }, { "question": "A 48-year-old man is brought to the emergency department for sudden onset of difficulty breathing 6 hours ago. For the past several months, he has had shortness of breath on exertion and while lying down on the bed, frequent headaches, and swelling of his feet. He does not take any medications despite being diagnosed with hypertension 10 years ago. His pulse is 90/min, respirations are 20/min, blood pressure is 150/110 mm Hg, and temperature is 37.0\u00b0C (98.6\u00b0F). Physical examination shows an overweight male in acute distress with audible wheezes. Crackles are heard bilaterally and are loudest at the lung bases. Which of the following findings on cardiac auscultation will most likely be present in this patient?\n\nA. Loud P2\nB. S3 gallop\nC. Absent S4\nD. A loud S1\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1143a6253c2fc906549b1d8160f040b1" }, { "question": "A 60-year-old man is referred to a dermatologist by his family physician for management of a rare case of dermatitis that has not responded to standard therapy with corticosteroids. The patient\u2019s medical history is unremarkable, and he is currently working reduced hours at his job as an accountant. Physical examination reveals confluent scaly patches, plaques, and generalized erythroderma along the torso and lower extremities (see image). There is also a solid skin lesion with a diameter greater than 1 cm. The dermatologist suspects a malignancy and orders a biopsy. Which of the following is the most accurate description of this condition?\n\nA. Vascular tumor containing spindle cells\nB. Tumor arising from the folliculosebaceous\u2013apocrine germ\nC. Tumor arising from cutaneous T cells\nD. Tumor arising from epidermal keratinocytes\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "700717b9a8a5295e03e4d86d9f48a4bc" }, { "question": "A 70-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his wife for incomprehensible speech. Upon first inspection you note the man is drooling and his eyes are tearing excessively. The patient's wife explains that the man was tilling the fields on the family beet farm when she found him collapsed on a pile of freshly picked beets. The patient seemed confused so the wife brought him in promptly, and states it has only been ten minutes since the patient was found down in the fields. Physical exam is deferred due to a confused and combative patient who is speaking clearly yet his sentences do not make any sense. The patients clothes are removed in the ED. Vital signs are currently being obtained. Which of the following is the best initial step in management?\n\nA. Neostigmine\nB. Physostigmine\nC. 2-pralidoxime\nD. Intubation\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6e0a1f6f7ddbf888d13e4919c9ccbed4" }, { "question": "A 24-year-old woman comes to the physician\u2019s office with concerns about a recent pregnancy. She and her boyfriend had intercourse for the first time a few weeks ago. Two weeks ago she missed her menstrual period. She took several over the counter pregnancy tests that confirmed her pregnancy. She is tearful about the pregnancy and is very concerned. After extensive conversations with her physician and counseling, she decides she wants to medically abort her 6-week pregnancy. Which of the following drugs should be administered to this patient for this purpose?\n\nA. Tamoxifen\nB. Terbutaline\nC. Mifepristone\nD. Copper intrauterine device\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dee8bc477274dcb0f594a5db3c5c51df" }, { "question": "A 55-year-old woman with no significant past medical history presents to her primary care doctor with fever, fatigue, and bleeding gums for the past 3 days. She denies any sick contacts. Her temperature is 101\u00b0F (38.3\u00b0C), blood pressure is 110/70 mmHg, pulse is 96/min, and respirations are 15/min. Physical exam reveals several oral mucosal petechiae, bleeding gums, bilateral submandibular lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly. Initial laboratory workup shows the following:\n\nLeukocyte count and differential:\nLeukocyte count: 6,600/mm^3\nSegmented neutrophils: 60%\nBands: 20%\nEosinophils: 9%\nBasophils: 1%\nLymphocytes: 0%\nMonocytes: 10%\nPlatelet count: 99,000/mm^3\n\nHemoglobin: 8.1 g/dL\nHematocrit: 25%\n\nProthrombin time: 25 sec\nPartial thromboplastin time: 50 sec\nInternational normalized ratio: 1.6\nD-dimer: 2,000 \u00b5g/mL\nFibrinogen: 99 mg/dL\n\nA bone marrow biopsy demonstrates 34% myeloblasts with Auer rods that are myeloperoxidase positive. What is best treatment option?\n\nA. Ascorbic acid\nB. Fresh frozen plasma\nC. Retinoic acid\nD. Zoledronic acid\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "086c56e18c1e9bd5df1f2d8effa7bcef" }, { "question": "A 31-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 4-week history of a painless lump near the left wrist and tingling pain over his left hand. Physical examination shows a transilluminating, rubbery, fixed, non-tender mass over the lateral volar aspect of the left wrist. There is decreased sensation to pinprick on the thumb, index finger, middle finger, and radial half of the ring finger of the left hand. The tingling pain is aggravated by tapping over the swelling. Which of the following adjacent structures is at risk of entrapment if this mass persists?\n\nA. Ulnar artery\nB. Flexor pollicis longus tendon\nC. Flexor carpi radialis tendon\nD. Ulnar nerve\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ef351055885bce2a20c0e11a85f0c661" }, { "question": "A 55-year-old woman is found to have an abnormal mass on routine mammography. The mass is biopsied and cytology results are diagnostic for invasive ductal adenocarcinoma that is estrogen receptor positive. The patient is started on chemotherapy and ultimately has the mass resected. She is taking tamoxifen and has regular outpatient follow up appointments to monitor for any recurrence of cancer. The patient has a past medical history of asthma, obesity, and a uterine leimyoma which was definitively treated last year. Her last menstrual period was at the age of 47. The patient's vital signs and exam are unremarkable. Which of the following is a potential complication that could occur in this patient?\n\nA. Deep venous thrombosis\nB. Eruption of seborrheic keratoses\nC. Increased bleeding\nD. Osteoporosis\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3d9d9068768e592e9502ea98a787a4b4" }, { "question": "A 27-year-old man presents to the emergency room complaining of left shoulder pain for several weeks. He says that the pain often worsens when he tries to sleep on his left side. Although he tried several pain medications, none of the pain medications helped. He is an amateur tennis player who practices on weekends. He denies any trauma during his practice sessions. On examination of the shoulder joint, severe tenderness was present localized to the greater tuberosity of the left shoulder joint along with biceps tendon tenderness over the bicipital groove. The range of motion was limited to the left side. An X-ray of the joint showed narrowing of the acromiohumeral space with sclerosis and spurring of the acromion. Routine blood test results are normal except for the rheumatoid factor, which is positive. What is the most likely diagnosis?\n\nA. Trauma\nB. Rheumatoid arthritis\nC. Osteoarthritis\nD. Rotator cuff injury\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "098b2954d6334504614205262bc17823" }, { "question": "A 47-year-old man presents with hemoptysis, diffuse muscle pain, and shortness of breath. He has had these symptoms before but did not seek treatment. His past medical history is not known as he is not typically followed by a doctor and is homeless. His temperature is 99.0\u00b0F (37.2\u00b0C), blood pressure is 154/94 mmHg, pulse is 89/min, respirations are 22/min, and oxygen saturation is 90% on room air. Physical examination is notable for crackles noted in the bases of the lungs bilaterally. Labs values are ordered as seen below.\n\nSerum:\nNa+: 140 mEq/L\nCl-: 103 mEq/L\nK+: 5.8 mEq/L\nHCO3-: 21 mEq/L\nBUN: 33 mg/dL\nGlucose: 129 mg/dL\nCreatinine: 2.6 mg/dL\n\nUrine:\nColor: Amber\nProtein: Positive\nBlood: Positive\n\nWhich of the following is the most appropriate treatment for this patient?\n\nA. Methylprednisolone\nB. Methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide\nC. Methylprednisolone, plasmapheresis, and cyclophosphamide\nD. Plasmapheresis and cyclophosphamide\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8c88bad4d64fbc8b7a5bf38a9aca140f" }, { "question": "A four-day-old neonate is brought to the pediatrician with vaginal discharge for the last two days. Her mother is concerned about the blood-tinged discharge but states that her daughter has been feeding and voiding well. The neonate was delivered at 39 weeks gestation by an uncomplicated vaginal delivery, and she and her mother were discharged home after two days. The prenatal course was complicated by chlamydia in the mother during the first trimester, for which she and the partner were both treated with a negative test of cure. The neonate\u2019s biological father is no longer involved the patient's care, but her mother\u2019s boyfriend has been caring for the baby whenever the mother rests. At this visit, the neonate\u2019s temperature is 98.5\u00b0F (36.9\u00b0C), pulse is 138/min, and respirations are 51/min. She appears comfortable, and cardiopulmonary and abdominal exams are unremarkable. There are no bruises or marks on her skin. Examination of the genitals reveals no vulvar irritation or skin changes, but there is scant pink mucoid discharge at the introitus. Which of the following is the best next step in management?\n\nA. Vaginal exam under anesthesia\nB. Vaginal culture\nC. Warm water irrigation of the vagina\nD. Reassurance\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a328b0671f1b365015eb8d5eea2c4273" }, { "question": "A 19-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of severe right shoulder pain and inability to move the shoulder after a fall while climbing outdoors. Examination shows the right upper extremity is externally rotated and slightly abducted. There is loss of the the normal rounded appearance of the shoulder. The right humeral head is palpated below the coracoid process. Sensation to pinprick over which of the following skin areas is most likely to be reduced?\n\nA. Medial aspect of the upper arm\nB. Lateral aspect of the shoulder\nC. Skin above the clavicle\nD. Dorsal aspect of forearm and hand\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c14887100b5e31b7c87307e689959878" }, { "question": "A 45-year-old homeless man comes to the emergency department because of progressive neck pain for 3 days. He also reports headaches and numbness in both hands. Over the past 4 months, he has had intermittent lower back pain after waking up. The back pain improves with movement. He also has recurrent episodes of gout in the metatarsophalangeal joint of his right big toe. He has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 20 years and drinks four beers daily. The patient is a known user of intravenous heroin. He appears acutely ill. His temperature is 39\u00b0C (102.2\u00b0F), pulse is 110/min, and blood pressure is 140/85 mm Hg. There are several track marks on both forearms. Examination of the neck shows warmth, erythema, and limited range of motion. Gentle palpation over the midcervical spinal processes causes severe pain. Laboratory studies show:\nHemoglobin 11 g/dL\nLeukocyte count 14,200/mm3\nSegmented neutrophils 77%\nEosinophils 1%\nLymphocytes 20%\nMonocytes 2%\nPlatelet count 278,000/mm3\nErythrocyte sedimentation rate 54 mm/h\nBlood cultures are pending. An x-ray of the cervical spine shows no abnormalities. An MRI of the spine shows signs of inflammation. A bone biopsy confirms the diagnosis. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?\"\n\nA. Lumbar puncture\nB. Intravenous ciprofloxacin and vancomycin therapy\nC. Oral indomethacin therapy\nD. Bone scintigraphy\n\"\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "11610ed3747036994ac8a14247d93100" }, { "question": "A 27-year-old woman comes to the physician because of increasing shortness of breath and a non-productive cough for 2 months. She has been unable to perform her daily activities. She has had malaise and bilateral ankle pain during this period. She noticed her symptoms after returning from a vacation to Arizona. She is a research assistant at the university geology laboratory. She is originally from Nigeria and visits her family there twice a year; her last trip was 3 months ago. Her temperature is 37.8\u00b0C (100\u00b0F), pulse is 100/min, respirations are 24/min, and blood pressure is 112/72 mm Hg. Pulse oximetry on room air shows an oxygen saturation of 94%. There is no palpable cervical or axillary lymphadenopathy. The lungs are clear to auscultation. Her left eye is notable for ciliary injection and photophobia. The remainder of the examination shows no abnormalities. A complete blood count is within the reference range. An x-ray of the chest is shown. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?\n\nA. Sarcoidosis\nB. Pulmonary tuberculosis\nC. Hodgkin's lymphoma\nD. Histoplasmosis\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0d3ed15cb15917af2dd03cab01daa202" }, { "question": "A 3-year-old boy is brought to the emergency room by his mother after she found him somnolent at home next to multiple open pill bottles. The boy had seemingly opened several different pill bottles that were in a cabinet in his parent\u2019s bathroom. The mother has brought the empty bottles to the emergency room, and they include aspirin, metoprolol, acetaminophen, levothyroxine, and lorazepam. The boy has no past medical history and takes no medications. His temperature is 98.6\u00b0F (37\u00b0C), blood pressure is 110/65 mmHg, pulse is 85/min, and respirations are 28/min. On exam, the boy is lethargic but responsive. He appears to be grasping at his ears and swaying from side-to-side when attempting to ambulate. He vomited once in the emergency room. Which of the following arterial blood gas readings is most likely to be found in this patient?\n\nA. pH 7.29, PCO2 47 mmHg, and HCO3- 22 mEq/L\nB. pH 7.35, PCO2 29 mmHg, and HCO3- 15 mEq/L\nC. pH 7.36, PCO2 22 mmHg, and HCO3- 16 mEq/L\nD. pH 7.47, PCO2 41 mmHg, and HCO3- 29 mEq/L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "84efee95593c6c6c746fdd0c5eca1f60" }, { "question": "A 23-year-old college student presents to the clinic with a history of intermittent chest discomfort. He reports that, about once per month for the past 8 or 9 months, he's had episodes of \"feeling like my chest is going to explode.\" During these episodes, he also feels shortness of breath, feels shakiness throughout his arms and legs, and sweats so heavily that he needs to change his shirt. He is unsure of any clear precipitating factors but thinks they may occur more often around important exams or when big school projects are due. He shares that, as these episodes continue to recur, he has had mounting anxiety about having one when he is in class or at a restaurant. As a result, he is leaving the house less and less. He has no past medical history; the physical exam is unremarkable. Which of the following is the best medication for the long-term management of this patient's condition?\n\nA. Citalopram\nB. Lithium\nC. Propranolol\nD. Quetiapine\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "31c80ddaa7f4842809003a76b7a7ec5d" }, { "question": "A 72-year-old man in a nursing home was brought to the emergency department with right hand and leg weakness for 1 hour. There has been a gradual increase in the degree of weakness. The patient is disoriented. The medical history includes ischemic heart disease diagnosed 2 months ago, and long histories of diabetes and hypertension (30 and 25 years, respectively). On examination, the reflexes are hypertonic and the Babinski reflex is positive. The CT scan is shown. What is the most likely pathologic change?\n\nA. Gangrenous necrosis\nB. Liquefactive necrosis\nC. Caseous necrosis\nD. Fibrinoid necrosis\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f9c2d83f4f38e76a1de2f2bed02434bd" }, { "question": "A 16-year-old boy is rushed to the emergency room with acute vomiting and abdominal pain that began earlier today. His parents say that the boy was doing well until two days ago when he told them that he was feeling unwell. He has diabetes and takes insulin but stopped taking it when he began to feel poorly two days ago. His temperature is 37\u00b0C (98.6\u00b0F), respirations are shallow and rapid with a rate of 33/min, pulse is 107/min, and blood pressure is 101/68 mm Hg. He appears severely dehydrated, showing signs of fatigue, and poor skin turgor. His breath has a fruity smell to it. His blood glucose level is 691 mg/dL. Blood is drawn for labs and the results are given below:\nSerum: \n pH: 7.21\n pCO2: 32 mm HG\n HCO 3-: 15.2 mEq/L\nSodium: 122 mEq/L\nPotassium: 5.8 mEq/L\nUrinalysis is positive for ketone bodies. What is the most appropriate immediate step in the management of this patient?\n\nA. Administer IV fluids and insulin\nB. Administer IV antibiotics\nC. Administer IV fluids with oral antidiabetic medications\nD. Administer potassium and magnesium\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0a455c72412bb71099fa02c411fbf449" }, { "question": "A 45-year-old woman presents to the physician with a history of headache, palpitations, and episodic diaphoresis. She was diagnosed with hypertension in the past and is now regularly taking antihypertensive medication (amlodipine 10 mg once daily). She has had a diffuse thyroid swelling for the past 4 months. She complains of pain in the long bones of her arms and legs for the past 3 months. She is slightly built, appears thin, and is anxious and apprehensive. Her skin is moist and warm. Her weight is 45 kg (99.2 lb) and height is 146 cm (4 ft 7 in); BMI is 21.12 kg/m2. Her pulse is 116/min, the blood pressure is 196/102 mm Hg, the respiratory rate is 29/min, and the temperature is 37.2\u00b0C (99.0\u00b0F). Diffuse and firm thyromegaly is present. Her upper extremities exhibit fine tremors during an anxiety attack. The laboratory test results reveal elevated 24-hour urinary VMA and metanephrines. Serum epinephrine, calcitonin, and parathormone levels are also elevated. Hypercalcemia and hyperglycemia are also noted. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?\n\nA. Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome\nB. Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) 2A\nC. Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) 2B\nD. Neurofibromatosis\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "47112a9482adc897c56b21385f711ae4" }, { "question": "A 27-year-old woman was referred to a dermatology clinic due to a changing discoloration of her fingers from white to red to blue. Although she has not had any recent changes in her daily routines, she also complains of increasing fatigue, muscle weakness, and weight loss. She has a blood pressure of 126/77 mm Hg, respiratory rate of 14/min, and heart rate of 88/min. Physical examination reveals regular heart and lung sounds. Anti-U1 RNP antibodies and increased creatinine kinase were found in her serum. What is the most likely diagnosis in this patient?\n\nA. Mixed connective tissue disease\nB. Polymyositis\nC. Systemic sclerosis\nD. Rheumatoid arthritis\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f2f38f2056eca1cccaac3acb00bf3f8b" }, { "question": "A 70-year-old man presents to the Emergency Department after 3 days of shortness of breath, orthopnea, and lower limb edema. His personal history is significant for a myocardial infarction 6 years ago that required revascularization and hypertension. His medication consists of simvastatin and lisinopril. In the ED, he has a blood pressure of 100/80 mm Hg, a pulse of 88/min, a respiratory rate of 28/min, and a temperature of 36.5\u00b0C (97.7\u00b0F). On physical examination, he has jugular vein distention, displaced point of maximal impulse (PMI), an S4-gallop, a holosystolic murmur, and 2+ pitting edema up to the mid calf. He is started on furosemide, carvedilol, and oxygen therapy. After 6-hours of continued therapy, his blood pressure remains low, and his serum creatinine is found to be 1.9 mg/dL. Which of the following test would be more useful to differentiate between prerenal and intrinsic kidney disease?\n\nA. Sulfosalicylic acid test\nB. Urine sodium content\nC. Fractional excretion of urea (FEUrea)\nD. Nitrates in urine\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b4ed2271a45dafb1d4612b6a4841c387" }, { "question": "An 11-year-old boy presents to your office with pitting edema and proteinuria exceeding 3.5g in 24 hours. You suspect that this patient has experienced a loss of polyanions in his glomerular basement membranes. Which of the following findings would confirm your diagnosis?\n\nA. WBC casts in the urine\nB. Selective albuminuria\nC. Negatively birefringent crystals in the urine\nD. Bence-Jones proteinuria\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1ab6001b60e6941ccf4c6b9b430b8e95" }, { "question": "A 40-year-old woman presents to her family physician with a 3-week history of swollen neck. The small, round, and painless swelling, which was detected 3 weeks ago in the middle of her neck, has now increased in size. The swelling is associated with sweaty palms and soles, insomnia, irritability, nervousness, and fatigue; however, the patient does not complain of fever, cervical lymphadenopathy, weight loss, vision problems, or body swelling. The patient\u2019s medical history is negative for similar symptoms or a thyroid disorder. The vital signs are within normal limits. Local examination reveals a 3 x 3 cm round, non-tender, non-fluctuant, and non-pulsatile swelling in the anterior triangle of her neck. The patient carries a total white blood cell count of 10,200/mm3, including 70% neutrophils, 30% lymphocytes, and zero eosinophils.The erythrocyte sedimentation rate is 20 mm/hr (normal, 0\u201329 mm/hr). What is the most likely diagnosis?\n\nA. Graves' disease\nB. De Quervain\u2019s thyroiditis\nC. Silent thyroiditis\nD. Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f81be3a479133d5db9ccbda9a9df83c9" }, { "question": "A 3-month-old girl is brought to a pediatrician by her parents. She has central cyanosis without signs of respiratory distress or signs of heart failure. An echocardiogram reveals severe pulmonary outflow obstruction, right ventricular hypertrophy, a ventricular septal defect, and an overriding of the aorta. An elective primary surgical repair is planned at 4 months of age. Which of the following statements is true about this girl\u2019s condition?\n\nA. The tricuspid valve is the most common valve affected by bacterial endocarditis in uncorrected tetralogy of Fallot.\nB. Normal hemoglobin in patients with tetralogy of Fallot does not rule out iron deficiency anemia.\nC. Cerebral arterial thrombosis is more common than cerebral venous thrombosis.\nD. Refractory heart failure is a common complication of tetralogy of Fallot.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0c185944046f8ea7f674a4fb9320bd87" }, { "question": "A 19-year-old man is brought to the physician by his mother because she is worried about his strange behavior. Over the past 3 years, he has been dressing all in black and wears a long black coat, even in the summer. The mother reports that her son has always had difficulties fitting in. He does not have any friends and spends most of his time in his room playing online games. He is anxious at college because he is uncomfortable around other people, and his academic performance is poor. Rather than doing his coursework, he spends most of his time reading up on paranormal phenomena, especially demons. He says that he has never seen any demons, but sometimes there are signs of their presence. For example, a breeze in an enclosed room is likely the \u201cbreath of a demon\u201d. Mental status examination shows laborious speech. The patient avoids eye contact. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?\n\nA. Social anxiety disorder\nB. Avoidant personality disorder\nC. Schizotypal personality disorder\nD. Schizophrenia\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ee7ec15d42ef69b05cf7645651e4b297" }, { "question": "A 41-year-old man comes to the emergency department with nausea, abdominal discomfort, and diarrhea for the past 2 days. His abdominal discomfort is worse shortly after meals. He has also had progressive perioral numbness and upper-extremity muscle cramping for the past 24 hours. Six months ago, he underwent a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass to treat obesity. He underwent a total thyroidectomy to treat a Hurthle cell lesion 4 days ago. His mother died of lung cancer at age 68. He has smoked 1 pack of cigarettes daily for 22 years. His only current medication is a multivitamin supplement. He appears fatigued. His temperature is 36\u00b0C (96.8\u00b0F), pulse is 72/min, respirations are 20/min, and blood pressure is 130/70 mm Hg. While measuring the patient's blood pressure, the nurse observes spasm of the patient's hand. Physical examination shows a well-healing surgical wound on the neck. The abdomen is mildly tender to palpation with well-healed laparoscopic incisional sites. The remainder of the examination shows no abnormalities. Serum studies show:\nNa+ 138 mEq/L\nK+ 4.2 mEq/L\nCl- 102 mEq/L\nHCO3- 25 mEq/L\nMg2+ 1.7 mEq/L\nPhosphorus 4.3 mg/dL\n25-hydroxyvitamin D 20 ng/mL (N: 20-100 ng/mL)\nParathyroid hormone 115 pg/mL\nTotal bilirubin, serum 0.7 mg/dL\nAlanine aminotransferase, serum 14 U/L\nAspartate aminotransferase, serum 15 U/L\nAlkaline phosphatase, serum 42 U/L\nWhich of the following is the most appropriate initial step in the management of this patient?\"\n\nA. Obtain abdominal CT\nB. Begin rehydration therapy\nC. Administer calcium gluconate\nD. Supplementation with vitamin D\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ec65abb5d0e23296ae67ece155522d6b" }, { "question": "A 43-year-old woman presents with complaints of retrosternal burning associated with eating. It has persisted for the past several years but has been getting worse. Her past medical history is unknown and this is her first time seeing a doctor. She states she is otherwise healthy and review of systems is notable for episodic hand pain that is worse in the winter as well as a chronic and severe cough with dyspnea which she attributes to her smoking. Her temperature is 97.7\u00b0F (36.5\u00b0C), blood pressure is 174/104 mmHg, pulse is 80/min, respirations are 22/min, and oxygen saturation is 92% on room air. Physical exam is notable for a young appearing woman with coarse breath sounds. Laboratory studies and urinalysis are ordered and currently pending. Which of the following is the pathophysiology of this patient's chief complaint?\n\nA. Decreased lower esophageal tone\nB. Esophageal fibrosis\nC. Increased lower esophageal tone\nD. Spastic cricopharyngeal muscle\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d7466a4845af99389a74cf17cdb308bc" }, { "question": "A 75-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a racing heart and lightheadedness for 3 hours. He has had similar episodes in the past, but the symptoms never lasted this long. He denies chest pain, shortness of breath, headaches, and fevers. He had a myocardial infarction 4 years ago and currently takes captopril, metoprolol, and atorvastatin. His pulse is irregular and cardiac auscultation reveals an irregular heart rhythm. Laboratory reports show:\nSerum glucose 88 mg/dL\nSodium 142 mEq/L\nPotassium 3.9 mEq/L\nChloride 101 mEq/L\nSerum creatinine 0.8 mg/dL\nBlood urea nitrogen 10 mg/dL\nCholesterol, total 170 mg/dL\nHDL-cholesterol 40 mg/dL\nLDL-cholesterol 80 mg/dL\nTriglycerides 170 mg/dL\nHematocrit 38%\nHemoglobin 13 g/dL\nLeucocyte count 7,500/mm3\nPlatelet count 185,000 /mm3\nActivated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) 30 seconds\nProthrombin time (PT) 12 seconds\nCardiac enzymes Negative\nAn ECG shows the absence of P-waves with an irregular RR complex. A few hours later, his symptoms subside and he is discharged with an additional anticoagulation drug. Which of the following mechanisms explains how this new medication will exert its effects?\n\nA. Activation of the antithrombin enzyme\nB. Inhibition of the cyclooxygenase enzyme\nC. Inhibition of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors\nD. Blockage of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "888341e95e3c166d9339028408995ea3" }, { "question": "A 2-month-old infant is brought to the emergency department by her mother due to a fall. Tearfully, the patient\u2019s mother describes witnessing her child fall from the changing table. The patient was born prematurely at 36 weeks estimated gestational age via vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery. The patient is afebrile. Her vital signs include: blood pressure of 94/60 mm Hg, pulse 200/min, and respiratory rate 70/min. Physical examination reveals a subconjunctival hemorrhage in the left eye and multiple bruises on the chest and back. Which of the following is the best initial step in management of this patient\u2019s condition?\n\nA. CT scan of the head\nB. Involvement of social services\nC. Family counseling\nD. Rule out medical conditions\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2887780a207ac64501eed1aa9d3d35dc" }, { "question": "A 47-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by paramedics. She was found unconscious on a park bench by a bystander. Her history is unobtainable. Vitals include a pulse of 64/min, a respiratory rate of 7/min, and a blood pressure of 110/70 mm Hg. On examination, the patient is unresponsive to voice and touch but shows a flexor response to pain. Her breathing is shallow. The pupils are constricted, and a response to light cannot be determined. An arterial blood gas sample reveals:\npH 7.26\nPco2 70 mm Hg\nHCO3- 26 mEq/L\nWhich of the following could explain this patient's presentation?\n\nA. Diabetic ketoacidosis\nB. Diuretic overdose\nC. Hyperventilation\nD. Opioid overdose\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3da6a015e82811a1f33b19a47c24be87" }, { "question": "A 77-year-old man comes to your office for a routine visit. He is doing well, and his only complaint is the recent appearance of several brown greasy appearing lesions on his forehead (figure A) that he can't seem to peel off. What is the most likely diagnosis?\n\nA. Melanoma\nB. Seborrheic keratosis\nC. Acanthosis nigricans\nD. Erythema nodosum\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b1d7e652eaa72c0c5bfba62a20cfdf61" }, { "question": "A 67-year old man presents to his primary care physician for his yearly checkup. He has not noticed any major changes in his health over the last year but says that unfortunately, he stopped exercising because he has been stressed by work. His past medical history is significant for obesity, hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and hyperlipidemia. He is taking a number of drugs but does not remember what they are. A panel of metabolic and lipid tests are ordered and show worsening of his metabolic parameters. Based on these findings, his physician prescribes a drug that leads to a large decrease in triglycerides with a much smaller increase in high-density lipoproteins and decrease in low-density lipoproteins. The drug that was most likely prescribed in this case is associated with which of the following side effects?\n\nA. Cholelithiasis\nB. Decreased vitamin D absorption\nC. Hepatotoxicity\nD. Teratogenicity\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5ff43defd191dac9339b344afad0f4f2" }, { "question": "A 16-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because of left wrist pain and swelling for 5 hours. She fell on an outstretched hand while playing basketball. She ignored it initially as she thought it was just a bruise, but the pain and swelling worsened throughout the day. The analgesic spray she used did not provide adequate relief. There is no family history of serious illness. Her only medication is an oral contraceptive pill. Her immunizations are up-to-date. She appears anxious. Her temperature is 37.1\u00b0C (99\u00b0F), pulse is 88/min, and blood pressure is 118/72 mm Hg. Examination shows a swollen and tender left wrist; range of motion is limited. The anatomical snuffbox is tender to palpation. The grip strength of the left hand is decreased. The thumb can be opposed towards the other fingers. Finkelstein's test is negative. X-rays of the wrist shows no abnormalities. Which of the following is the most appropriate next best step in management?\n\nA. Corticosteroid injections\nB. Thumb spica cast and repeat x-rays in 2 weeks\nC. Rest, ice, and repeat x-rays in 2 weeks\nD. Percutaneous pinning\n\"\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5ecc651dcbb0bc525e4f1b6119b179fe" }, { "question": "A 31-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department with fever, right upper quadrant pain, and myalgia. Her boyfriend says she recently returned from a trip to Southeast Asia. She appears ill and is lethargic. Her temperature is 39\u00b0C (102.2\u00b0F). Physical examination shows jaundice and tender hepatomegaly. Laboratory studies show the presence of anti-hepatitis A IgM antibodies. A liver biopsy performed at this time would most likely show which of the following histopathological findings?\n\nA. Hepatocytes with shrunken, eosinophilic cytoplasm and pyknotic nuclei\nB. Cystic spaces with scattered areas of cellular debris\nC. Basophilic adipocyte remnants, filled with calcifications\nD. Engorged hepatocytes with red blood cell infiltration\n\"\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1a8722db0c2c708efa6291472a87497b" }, { "question": "The parents of a 14-year-old patient are concerned and have questions about the use of insulin for their son\u2019s recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes. The patient has developed an upper respiratory infection while at school. He is coughing and has a runny nose. His temperature is 37.8\u00b0 C (100.2\u00b0 F) and vital signs are within normal limits. Physical examination is unremarkable. Which of the following modifications to his insulin regimen would you recommend to this patient and his parents?\n\nA. Increase the frequency of blood glucose checks.\nB. Reduce the insulin dose.\nC. Continue same regimen.\nD. Hold insulin until the patient gets better.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cb640faea437caf01b46b286432c370a" }, { "question": "A 32-year-old G1P1 patient presents to her obstetrician after having a positive pregnancy test at home. She reports that she and her husband had been trying to have a child for the past three months. She has no history of sexually transmitted disease, intravenous drug use, or blood transfusions, and she has never traveled outside of the United States. She was up-to-date on all immunizations before her pregnancy. Ultrasound is consistent with an 8-week gestational sac. The patient requests as few tests as possible, although she does not want to compromise the health of her fetus. Which of the following screening tests should be performed on all pregnant women?\n\nA. HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B\nB. HIV, syphilis, and N. gonorrhea\nC. HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C\nD. HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B, N. gonorrhea, and C. trachomatis\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "684e57e789657869f321bcb820a4e9c3" }, { "question": "A 4-week-old female newborn is brought to the physician because of increasing yellowing of her eyes and skin for 2 weeks. The mother has noticed that the girl's stools have become pale over the past week. She was breastfed since birth but her parents switched her to formula feeds recently after reading on the internet that breastfeeding could be the cause of her current symptoms. The patient was delivered vaginally at 38 weeks' gestation. Pregnancy and delivery were uncomplicated. She appears healthy. Vital signs are within normal limits. She is at the 50th percentile for length and at the 60th percentile for weight. Examination shows scleral icterus and jaundice. The liver is palpated 2 cm below the right costal margin. Cardiopulmonary examination shows no abnormalities. Neurologic examination shows no focal findings. Serum studies show:\nBilirubin\nTotal 15 mg/dL\nDirect 12.3 mg/dL\nAlkaline phosphatase 2007 U/L\nAST 53 U/L\nALT 45 U/L\n\u03b3-glutamyl transferase 154 U/L\nBlood group A positive\nWhich of the following is the most likely diagnosis?\"\n\nA. Galactosemia\nB. Biliary atresia\nC. Crigler\u2013Najjar syndrome\nD. Breast milk jaundice\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2545e7271f74b1d18cbc7a23989361b1" }, { "question": "A 51-year-old Caucasian woman presents to the physician for a routine health maintenance examination. She had a Colles' fracture 2 years ago. The rest of her past medical history is unremarkable. She has a sedentary lifestyle. She has been smoking 1 pack of cigarettes daily for 30 years. She drinks alcohol moderately. Her mother had a fracture of the wrist when she was in her late 60s. The physical examination shows no abnormal findings. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA scan) shows a T-score of -3.2 standard deviations (SDs) in the hip. The patient is educated regarding her risk of falls. Exercise regimen and smoking cessation assistance are provided. Appropriate diet is indicated, as well as supplements with calcium and vitamin D. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in pharmacotherapy?\n\nA. Alendronate\nB. Calcitonin\nC. Estrogen\nD. Tamoxifen\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "aa34a187a3013415714399336295b077" }, { "question": "A 24-year-old man, who recently migrated from a developing country, presents to a physician because of a 2-year history of cough, blood in his sputum, fever, and weight loss. His sputum smear and culture confirm the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. His Mantoux test is 2 mm \u00d7 3 mm, and his chest radiograph is normal. High-sensitivity enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for HIV-1 and Western blot assay for HIV-1 are positive. His CD4+ T cell count is 90/\u03bcL and HIV RNA is 30,000 copies/mL. He is started on a 4-drug regimen consisting of isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol in appropriate doses. He becomes sputum smear-negative after 4 weeks and reports significant improvement in symptoms. After another 4 weeks, the physician removes pyrazinamide from the antitubercular regimen and adds antiretroviral therapy (dolutegravir/tenofovir/emtricitabine). After 3 weeks, the patient presents with complaints of fever and significantly increased cough for 3 days. There is no respiratory distress but generalized lymphadenopathy is present. His chest radiograph shows pulmonary infiltrates and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, sputum smear is negative, Mantoux test is 12 mm \u00d7 14 mm, CD4+ T cell count is 370/\u03bcL, and HIV RNA is 2,900 copies/mL. What is the most appropriate initial step in treatment?\n\nA. Stop antiretroviral therapy and continue antitubercular therapy\nB. Change antitubercular therapy to isoniazid-rifampin-pyrazinamide-ethambutol-streptomycin\nC. Change antitubercular therapy to isoniazid-rifampin-ethambutol-streptomycin\nD. Continue antitubercular therapy and antiretroviral therapy without any change\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5694429a756871d5ce67a38d2d6964d9" }, { "question": "A 24-year-old woman delivers a baby at term. The Apgar counts are 9 and 10 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. Thirty minutes after delivery, the mother\u2019s blood pressure drops to 80/60 mm Hg and her pulse is 124/min. On physical examination, her distal extremities are clammy and cold, and the uterus is boggy. Aggressive fluid resuscitation is initiated. After administering 4 units of IV fluids and 4 units of whole blood, her vitals stabilize. The next morning, she says she is unable to lactate when she tries to breastfeed her child. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the failure of lactation in this patient?\n\nA. Pituitary tumor\nB. Remains of placenta in uterus\nC. Pituitary infarction\nD. Pituitary hemorrhage\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dd48f6e748075860adc1ed56d1240bec" }, { "question": "A 64-year-old man with multiple sclerosis comes to the physician because of a 4-month history of urinary incontinence. The urge to urinate occurs suddenly, and he often is unable to make it to the bathroom before leaking urine. He has no incontinence with coughing or laughing. Digital rectal examination shows no abnormalities. Ultrasonography shows a normal post-void residual volume. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy for this patient's incontinence?\n\nA. Midodrine\nB. Rivastigmine\nC. Mirtazapine\nD. Tolterodine\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fee4e664388666da44f207554b6a8be1" }, { "question": "A 79-year-old woman presents to her physician complaining of a persistent non-productive cough and dyspnea after contracting a cold in the past month. She describes herself as being \u201cgenerally healthy\u201d before the cold started. Medical history includes hypertension and hyperlipidemia. The patient takes hydrochlorothiazide, lisinopril, and atorvastatin. Her parents are both deceased. She does not smoke and only drinks alcohol occasionally. During a review of symptoms, she described a month-long trip to St. Louis, Missouri, to visit family. At the physician\u2019s office, her temperature is 37.0\u00b0C (98.6\u00b0F), pulse is 82/min, respirations are 20/min, and blood pressure is 130/82 mm Hg. A focused chest exam reveals mild crepitus on the right side. A chest X-ray shows a cavitary lesion in the right lung which is confirmed on chest computed tomography (CT). A lung biopsy is performed to rule out cancer and reveals necrotic granulomatous inflammation with oval yeast in macrophages. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?\n\nA. Blastomycosis\nB. Sporotrichosis\nC. Histoplasmosis\nD. Onychomycosis\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7bec4612b778f9f3049f0f3276119731" }, { "question": "A 39-year-old woman presents with headaches, constipation, increased thirst, and increased urinary frequency. Her blood pressure is 160/100 mm Hg and pulse is 67/min. Blood tests reveal high blood glucose and low potassium level. Abdominal CT scan shows a well-circumscribed homogeneous mass in the left adrenal gland. The hormone excess responsible for her symptoms uses which of the following pathways to exert its action?\n\nA. Intracellular receptors\nB. cAMP pathway\nC. cGMP pathway\nD. JAK/STAT pathway\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "43903395471cc77be9f101a843dd23a5" }, { "question": "A 17-year-old football player with no significant past medical history, social history, or family history presents to his pediatrician with itching in his groin. He says this started during summer workouts leading up to this season. He denies having any rash anywhere else on his body. The blood pressure is 123/78 mm Hg, pulse is 67/min, respiratory rate is 15/min, and temperature is 38.1\u00b0C (98.7\u00b0F). Physical examination reveals an erythematous, well-demarcated patch with peripheral scale on the left thigh, pubic region, and perineum. There is no apparent scrotal involvement with the rash. How can you confirm the suspected diagnosis?\n\nA. KOH examination of lesion scrapings\nB. Nikolsky's sign on physical exam\nC. Gram stain of skin scrapings\nD. AFB stain of skin scrapings\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "66d8af5c1390c76c5bcb63f2e0f0024f" }, { "question": "A 68-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of a cough, dyspnea, and fever for 1 day. The cough is productive of small amounts of green phlegm. He has metastatic colon cancer and has received three cycles of chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin; his last chemotherapy session was 2.5 months ago. He has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and has been treated with antibiotics and prednisolone for acute exacerbations three times in the past year. His medications include a fluticasone-salmeterol inhaler and a tiotropium bromide inhaler. He has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 48 years. His temperature is 39.1\u00b0C (103.1\u00b0F), pulse is 112/min, respirations are 32/min, and blood pressure is 88/69 mm Hg. Pulse oximetry on room air shows an oxygen saturation of 88%. Pulmonary examination shows diffuse crackles and rhonchi. An x-ray of the chest shows a left upper-lobe infiltrate of the lung. Two sets of blood cultures are obtained. Endotracheal aspirate Gram stain shows gram-negative rods. Two large bore cannulas are inserted and intravenous fluids are administered. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy?\n\nA. Ceftriaxone and azithromycin\nB. Ertapenem\nC. Colistin\nD. Cefepime and levofloxacin\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "605b126715ce7f1f6e86fde2d54204da" }, { "question": "A 81-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after he fell asleep at the dinner table and was not able to be roused by his family. His past medical history is significant for Alzheimer disease though he is still relatively functional at baseline. He has also been taking warfarin over the last 3 months after he suffered a deep venous thrombosis. After he was transported to the ED, his family found that the pills his grandson takes for seizures were missing. On presentation, he is found to be somnolent and physical exam reveals ataxia and nystagmus. After determining the cause of this patient's symptoms, his physicians begin monitoring his international normalized ratio, because they are concerned that it will start trending down. Which of the following treatments would most improve the urinary excretion of the substance likely responsible for these symptoms?\n\nA. Ammonium chloride\nB. Mannitol\nC. Sodium bicarbonate\nD. Thiazide diuretics\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cd005264c47e5ee548a8c4ed6bc3c666" }, { "question": "A 5-year-old female suffers from recurrent infections by Aspergillus species, Pseudomonas species, and Staphylococcus aureus. The patient's neutrophils are examined in the laboratory and they fail to react during the nitroblue tetrazolium test. Which of the following is most likely dysfunctional in this patient?\n\nA. Immunoglobulin class switching\nB. Superoxide dismutase\nC. Myeloperoxidase\nD. Respiratory burst\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "90267948a5b1103282c0f806f0479715" }, { "question": "A 7-month-old boy is brought to the physician because of a 2-month history of fatigue, weakness, and difficulty feeding. He was delivered at term to a 32-year-old woman. He is not able to sit upright on his own. He is at the 75th percentile for height and 25th percentile for weight. His temperature is 37.7\u00b0C (99.8\u00b0F), blood pressure is 110/68 mm Hg, pulse is 150/min, and respirations are 50/min. His tongue protrudes beyond the teeth. Neck veins are distended. Crackles are heard at both lung bases. Cardiac examination shows an S3 gallop. The liver is palpated 2 cm below the right costal margin. Neurologic examination shows profound weakness in proximal and distal muscles of the upper and lower extremities. He has 2+ reflexes bilaterally. A chest x-ray shows cardiomegaly. Serum glucose is 105 mg/dL. Which of the following is the enzyme most likely to be defective in this patient?\n\nA. Muscle glycogen phosphorylase\nB. Very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase\nC. Lysosomal acid maltase\nD. Glycogen debranching enzyme\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "18bb1f5df120094af06352afe618b485" }, { "question": "A 26-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department 20 minutes after being involved in a high-speed motor vehicle collision in which she was a restrained passenger. On arrival, she is lethargic and incoherent. She has severe facial lacerations and is in respiratory distress. Her pulse is 130/min, respirations are 29/min, and blood pressure is 90/58 mm Hg. Pulse oximetry on room air shows an oxygen saturation of 70%. Examination shows multiple facial lacerations. There is dullness to percussion and decreased breath sounds over the left lung base. Abdominal examination shows diffuse tenderness with no guarding or rebound. Bowel sounds are normal. The remainder of the examination shows no abnormalities. Her hemoglobin concentration is 12.1 g/dL. An x-ray of the chest shows a fractured left second rib, depression of the left mainstem bronchus, deviation of the nasogastric tube to the right, and a widened mediastinum. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?\n\nA. Diaphragmatic rupture\nB. Traumatic bronchial rupture\nC. Thoracic aortic rupture\nD. Tension pneumothorax\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dbca9035244d2265ed988f7df0fb9251" }, { "question": "A 45-year-old man presents to the physician with complaints of increased urinary frequency and decreasing volumes for the past 2 months. He does not complain of any pain during urination. He is frustrated that he has to wake up 2 or 3 times per night to urinate even though he tried reducing the amount of water he consumes before bed and made some other dietary changes without any improvement. He has no family history of prostate disease. Physical examination is negative for any suprapubic mass or tenderness, and there is no costovertebral angle tenderness. Which of the following is the best next step in the management of this patient?\n\nA. Urinalysis and serum creatinine\nB. Reassurance\nC. Digital rectal examination\nD. Prostate-specific antigen\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c496ef9667757cbd0d1ebd80ab41698d" }, { "question": "The ribosome is an essential organelle that plays an important role in the synthesis of new proteins. The location of the ribosome within the cell can vary and provides a clue to the function of the particular cell. What ribosome location is essential for protein-secreting cells?\n\nA. Rough endoplasmic reticulum\nB. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum\nC. Cytosol\nD. Nucleus\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2960a75ca2a82455d1a03ee0512f9d69" }, { "question": "A 6-year-old Russian boy who recently immigrated to the United States presents to your office with fever and dyspnea. On examination of the oropharynx, you note a grayish-white pseudomembrane and uneven elevation of the soft palate. The patient displays marked enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes. Which of the following describes the organism responsible for this patient's disease?\n\nA. Yeast with pseudohyphae\nB. Gram-positive bacteria producing exotoxin that acts via ADP ribosylation\nC. Gram-positive cocci with hyaluronic acid capsule\nD. Gram-negative encapsulated bacteria producing IgA protease\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d28b260186ab07bc7cb9e449c0ec8de1" }, { "question": "A 30-year-old African American woman comes to the physician for the evaluation of a dry cough and chest discomfort for the past 3 days. During this period, the patient has had headaches, muscle aches, joint pain, fever, and chills. Ten days ago, she was hiking with her family in Mississippi. The patient has asthma that is treated with an albuterol inhaler. Her mother has a lung disease treated with methotrexate. The patient has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for the past 10 years. Her temperature is 38\u00b0C (100.4\u00b0F). Physical examination shows slight wheezes throughout both lung fields. Laboratory studies and urinalysis are positive for polysaccharide antigen. Bronchoalveolar lavage using silver/PAS-staining shows macrophages filled with a dimorphic fungus with septate hyphae. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's symptoms?\n\nA. Legionella pneumophila infection\nB. Pneumocystis pneumonia\nC. Histoplasma capsulatum infection\nD. Blastomyces dermatitidis infection\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ead4ae983b14b559505aa8e3a75bb99d" }, { "question": "A 5-year-old Syrian immigrant and her family present for an immigration physical. Her mother describes photophobia, bilateral lacrimation, eye itching, and eyelid swelling for the last week. She is known to have an allergy to cephalosporins. She was born at 39 weeks gestation via spontaneous vaginal delivery. She has met all of her developmental milestones and most of her vaccines. Her vital signs are as follows: blood pressure 105/60 mm Hg, heart rate 98/min, respiratory rate 18/min, and temperature 37.0\u00b0C (98.6\u00b0F). The physical examination is mostly normal except for her eye exam as presented in the image below. Which of the following statements is true regarding treatment of this patient\u2019s condition?\n\nA. A third-generation cephalosporin would be the best treatment option in case the child did not have an actual allergy.\nB. The child should be treated with topical bacitracin.\nC. The best treatment option is oral tetracycline.\nD. The child should be administered a single dose of oral azithromycin.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "28dda5e189d0761cee930ffca0ce8318" }, { "question": "A 62-year-old Caucasian male presents to the emergency room with severe substernal chest pain, diaphoresis, and nausea. Imaging reveals transmural myocardial infarction in the posterior 1/3 of the ventricular septum. Which of this patient's coronary arteries is most likely occluded?\n\nA. Left circumflex\nB. Diagonal perforators\nC. Septal perforators\nD. Right main\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4e0d940da067aa526a6ff83bc9873708" }, { "question": "A 42-year-old man comes to the physician after elevated liver function tests were found after a routine screening. He has had occasional headaches over the past year, but otherwise feels well. The patient reports that he was involved in a severe car accident 30 years ago. He does not smoke or drink alcohol. He has never used illicit intravenous drugs. He takes no medications and has no known allergies. His father had a history of alcoholism and died of liver cancer. The patient appears thin. His temperature is 37.8\u00b0C (100\u00b0F), pulse is 100/min, and blood pressure is 110/70 mm Hg. Physical examination shows no abnormalities. Laboratory studies show:\nHemoglobin 14 g/dL\nLeukocyte count 10,000/mm3\nPlatelet count 146,000/mm3\nSerum\nGlucose 150 mg/dL\nAlbumin 3.2 g/dL\nTotal bilirubin 1.5 mg/dL\nAlkaline phosphatase 75 U/L\nAST 95 U/L\nALT 73 U/L\nHIV negative\nHepatitis B surface antigen negative\nHepatitis C antibody positive\nHCV RNA positive\nHCV genotype 1\nA liver biopsy is performed and shows mononuclear infiltrates that are limited to portal tracts and periportal hepatocyte necrosis. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?\"\n\nA. Sofosbuvir and ledipasvir therapy\nB. Tenofovir and velpatasvir therapy\nC. Interferon and ribavirin therapy\nD. Tenofovir and entecavir therapy\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "89764725dccbd8423dcdead1a145488f" }, { "question": "A 37-year-old woman presents to the clinic with pain and swelling of her legs. She states that she first noticed the swelling 6 weeks ago. Initially, the swelling was minimal, but now she is finding it difficult to walk and she can\u2019t fit into any of her shoes. Her medical history is significant for systemic lupus erythematosus. She takes ibuprofen and hydroxychloroquine. Her temperature is 99\u00b0F (37.2\u00b0C), blood pressure is 153/86 mmHg, and pulse is 88 beats/min. Pitting edema to bilateral knees is noted on physical examination. Urinalysis reveals proteinuria. The patient is started on an immunosuppressant. Two days later the patient returns to clinic complaining of blood in her urine. A urinalysis reveals moderate erythrocytes but is negative for leukocyte esterase, nitrites, or crystals. Diffuse oozing of the bladder mucosa with neovascularization is seen on cystoscopy. Which of the following could have prevented the patient\u2019s condition?\n\nA. Ifosfamide\nB. Mesna\nC. Methotrexate\nD. Nitrofurantoin\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4fd30da075de149f6b21f8feb134c0f2" }, { "question": "A previously healthy 46-year-old woman comes to the physician because of progressive shortness of breath, fatigue, and chest pain during exercise for the last 6 months. She does not smoke. Her maternal uncle had similar symptoms. Cardiac examination shows wide splitting of S2. The second component of S2 is loud and best heard at the 2nd left intercostal space. The lungs are clear to auscultation. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's cardiac findings?\n\nA. Increased right ventricular preload\nB. Increased left ventricular preload\nC. Increased right ventricular afterload\nD. Increased left-to-right shunting\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "94a62946dc3e430d221b2d7d64148699" }, { "question": "A 39-year-old woman with poorly controlled systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) presents to her rheumatologist for a follow-up visit. She has had intermittent myalgias, arthralgias, fatigue, and skin rashes over the past 10 years that have acutely worsened over the past year. She works as a school teacher but reports that she has had to miss several days of work due to her symptoms. She has been on hydroxychloroquine for several years but does not feel that it is adequately controlling her symptoms. She does not smoke or drink alcohol. Her temperature is 99.2\u00b0F (37.3\u00b0C), blood pressure is 130/75 mmHg, pulse is 80/min, and respirations are 18/min. On exam, she is well-appearing and in no acute distress. She has erythematous, raised plaques with keratotic scaling and follicular plugging on her hands. The physician decides to trial the patient on low-dose prednisone to better control her symptoms. At 2 months of follow-up, she reports that her flares have subsided and she has been able to return to work full-time. If this patient continues this medication regimen, she will be at an elevated risk for developing which of the following?\n\nA. Femoral neck fracture\nB. Femoral shaft fracture\nC. Osgood-Schlatter disease\nD. Proximal phalanx fracture\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d7f7b513f2e3c7514be7bd3550f30e6b" }, { "question": "A 2-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of decreased appetite and abdominal pain for the last several weeks. Physical examination shows a well-appearing toddler with a palpable left-sided abdominal mass that does not cross the midline. A CT of the abdomen shows a large, necrotic tumor on the left kidney. Histological examination of the kidney mass shows primitive blastemal cells and immature tubules and glomeruli. This tissue is most likely derived from the same embryological structure as which of the following?\n\nA. Adrenal medulla\nB. Thyroid gland\nC. Papillary muscles\nD. Anterior pituitary\n\"\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4ed4306a9e96ad6bae23fd2db3b45300" }, { "question": "A 60-year-old man comes to the physician for a routine physical examination. He lives in a group home and takes no medications. During the appointment, he frequently repeats the same information and needs to be reminded why he is at the doctor's office. He says that he is a famous poet and recently had a poem published in a national magazine. His vital signs are within normal limits. He has a constricted affect. Neurological examination shows no focal deficits. On mental status examination, he has no long-term memory deficits and is able to count in serial sevens without error. An MRI of the brain shows atrophy of the anterior thalami and small mamillary bodies. Which of the following is the most likely predisposing factor for this patient's condition?\n\nA. Consumption of undercooked meat\nB. Chronic hypertension\nC. Alcohol use disorder\nD. Spirochete infection\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "79889e29f76fe41d8b3946819015a66b" }, { "question": "A 7-year-old boy is brought to his pediatrician\u2019s office for a follow-up visit. He was diagnosed with asthma when he was 3 years old and has since been on treatment for the condition. He is currently on a \u03b2-agonist inhaler because of exacerbation of his symptoms. He has observed that his symptoms are more prominent in springtime, especially when the new flowers are blooming. His mother has a backyard garden and whenever he goes out to play there, he experiences chest tightness with associated shortness of breath. He has been advised to take more precaution during this seasonal change and to stay away from pollen. He is also being considered for an experimental therapy, which attenuates the activity of certain mediators which cause his asthmatic attack. The targeted mediator favors the class switching of antibodies. A reduction in this mechanism will eventually reduce the exaggerated response observed during his asthmatic attacks, even when exposed to an allergen. Which of the following mediators is described in this experimental study?\n\nA. IL-2\nB. IL-10\nC. IL-13\nD. IL-4\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f9a05eaa5b8b558a0020a5dd4350c073" }, { "question": "A 35-year-old woman comes to the physician for the evaluation of increasing weakness and numbness of the upper extremities for 5 days. During the past 2 days, she has had urinary incontinence not related to sneezing or laughing. Last summer, she had weakness and numbness of her right lower extremity that was worse when she was outside; she regained her strength 3 weeks later. She has no history of serious illness. She has had 10 male sexual partners in her lifetime and uses condoms inconsistently. Vital signs are within normal limits. Examination shows an impaired tandem gait. There is mild spasticity and muscle strength is decreased in both upper extremities. Deep tendon reflexes are 4+ bilaterally. The abdominal reflex is absent. Muscle strength in the right lower extremity is mildly decreased. Sensation to vibration and fine touch is decreased over the upper extremities. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in diagnosis?\n\nA. Muscle biopsy\nB. Rapid plasma reagin test\nC. MRI of the brain and spine\nD. Lumbar puncture\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f631225af4a8fffa49d1979077e0e039" }, { "question": "A 3-year-old male is brought by his mother to the pediatrician's office. The mother and child are refugees from Somalia and arrived in the United States one week ago. They were recently placed in temporary housing. The mother reports that the child has been chronically tired and subdued since before their arrival in the United States. The child was born at 38 weeks gestation with the help of a local midwife. The child\u2019s temperature is 98.2\u00b0F (36.8\u00b0C), blood pressure is 105/60 mmHg, pulse is 90/min, and respirations are 18/min. Physical examination reveals a listless child with a rotund abdomen and positive fluid wave. Notable lower extremity edema is present. This patient's condition is most likely caused by a deficiency in which of the following?\n\nA. Total caloric intake\nB. Relative protein intake\nC. Relative carbohydrate intake\nD. Relative fat intake\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "91d5885088e3909b2b7e1cc5514ba4ed" }, { "question": "A 72-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 1-month history of frequent headaches, double vision, fatigue, and myalgias. Physical examination shows pallor, tenderness to palpation over the temples, and inward deviation of the left eye. Laboratory studies show an erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 65 mm/h. Temporal artery biopsy shows transmural granulomatous inflammation and fragmentation of the internal elastic lamina. Treatment with high-dose intravenous corticosteroids is begun. The patient's condition puts her at greatest risk of developing which of the following complications?\n\nA. Pulmonary hypertension\nB. Lower extremity gangrene\nC. Palpable purpura\nD. Thoracic aortic aneurysm\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4418b83322b6aee02e71dbc0cdf71a8c" }, { "question": "A 55-year-old male presents to the emergency department with dyspnea and palpitations. He does not smoke cigarettes or consume alcohol, and past medical history is insignificant. Blood pressure is 115/75 mmHG and heart rate is 125/min. Heart rhythm is irregularly irregular. After initial treatment with IV digoxin the patient's heart rate drops to 85/min and remains irregular. Which of the following best explains the effect of digoxin in this patient?\n\nA. Blockade of beta-adrenergic receptors\nB. Calcium channel blockade\nC. Vagal stimulation\nD. Increased ventricular contractility\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d3024ff7a5e54b6381ecde5558650892" }, { "question": "The first 24 hours after delivery, a 2888 g (6.37 lb) male newborn is not feeding well, has a high-pitched cry, and is diaphoretic. He was born at 38 weeks' gestation to a 30-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, after an uncomplicated labor and delivery. Apgar scores were 8 and 9 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. The mother did not receive prenatal care. She takes codeine syrup frequently for dry cough. The infant's temperature is 37.8\u00b0C (100\u00b0F), pulse is 165/min, and blood pressure is 83/50 mm Hg. Examination shows hyperreflexia, tremors, and an excessive startle response. The baby is swaddled to prevent excoriations, and fluid resuscitation is initiated. Complete blood count and serum levels of glucose, bilirubin, and calcium are within normal limits. What is the most appropriate next step in treatment of this newborn?\n\nA. Oral morphine therapy\nB. Intravenous ampicillin and gentamicin combination therapy\nC. Oral methimazole therapy\nD. Dextrose infusion\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a4bf519ad49ea26dcfc498c2cf20406a" }, { "question": "A 55-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department because of worsening upper abdominal pain for the past 8 hours. She reports that the pain radiates to her back and is associated with nausea. She has hypertension and hyperlipidemia, for which she takes enalapril, furosemide, and simvastatin. Her temperature is 37.5\u00b0C (99.5\u00b0F), blood pressure is 84/58 mm Hg, and pulse is 115/min. The lungs are clear to auscultation. Examination shows abdominal distention with epigastric tenderness and guarding. Bowel sounds are decreased. Extremities are warm. Laboratory studies show:\nHematocrit 48%\nLeukocyte count 13,800/mm3\nPlatelet count 175,000/mm3\nSerum \nCalcium 8.0 mg/dL\nUrea nitrogen 32 mg/dL\nAmylase 250 U/L\nAn ECG shows sinus tachycardia. Which of the following is the most likely underlying cause of this patient's vital sign abnormalities?\n\nA. Abnormal coagulation and fibrinolysis\nB. Capillary leakage\nC. Decreased cardiac output\nD. Pseudocyst formation\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "01b240146f55dce43ade528a0ada6812" }, { "question": "A 35-year-old woman presents with an unsteady and broad-based gait, dysmetria, and intention tremor in the distal upper extremities. Her past medical history is relevant for depression, personality changes, and declining work performance, for which she has been put on leave from her current job as an elementary school teacher. On physical examination, patient has dysarthria, dystonia, and an ataxic gait. Ophthalmologic examination reveals multi-colored irises with concentric rings around the periphery (findings shown in the photo). Sensation and motor functions are preserved. Which of the following would you expect to be abnormally accumulated in this patient\u2019s tissues?\n\nA. Iron\nB. Copper\nC. Lead\nD. Mercury\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4be195af19a9a59df17610db20a655df" }, { "question": "A 10-year-old Caucasian female with Turner's syndrome underwent an abdominal imaging study and was discovered that the poles of her kidneys were fused inferiorly. Normal ascension of kidney during embryological development would be prevented by which of the following anatomical structures?\n\nA. Superior mesenteric artery\nB. Inferior mesenteric artery\nC. Celiac artery\nD. Splenic artery\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8cb0eeadf52ff25dba5c1bef41e21a9d" }, { "question": "A 63-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for follow-up. He reports a slow and steady weight gain of 6 pounds over the past 6 months, despite attempts to control his diet and increase his level of exercise. His medications include pravastatin, lisinopril, and hydrochlorothiazide. On exam, his vital signs are stable. He is obese (BMI 32), and his waist circumference is 43 inches. His physician is concerned about an abnormal fasting blood glucose and dyslipidemia. On further work-up with oral glucose tolerance test, the patient is diagnosed with diabetes. Which of the following associations is consistent with this patient\u2019s most likely form of diabetes?\n\nA. Strong HLA class II gene makeup\nB. Pancreatic islet cell amyloid deposition\nC. Pancreatic islet cell leukocyte infiltration\nD. Auto-antibodies against pancreatic islet cell antigens\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f5977eb66883659282b573fd2cb0a0a1" }, { "question": "A 27-year-old woman, gravida 1, para 0, at 38 weeks' gestation is admitted to the hospital for active labor. The pregnancy was complicated by gestational diabetes and fetal weight is estimated to be at the 90th percentile for gestational age. During delivery, there is an arrest in the second stage of labor, and a vacuum-assisted delivery is performed. Postpartum examination shows a third-degree laceration in the vagina extending into the perineum at the 6 o'clock position. This patient is most likely to experience which of the following complications?\n\nA. Urge incontinence\nB. Vesicovaginal fistula\nC. Fecal incontinence\nD. Stress incontinence\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d640c66f9df6c53311d80af6be6c852d" }, { "question": "A 34-year-old man with acute lymphocytic leukemia presents for follow-up in the oncology clinic after his second cycle of chemotherapy. In addition to intermittent nausea, he has mild weakness, tingling, and numbness in his left hand. With his affected hand, he is able to grip, but occasionally drops small objects. His oncologist tells him that one of his chemotherapy agents likely caused his neuropathy given its strong association with neurotoxicity. He was recently treated with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, dexamethasone, and dasatinib. The culprit medication works by which of the following mechanisms of action?\n\nA. Covalently X-links DNA\nB. Blocks microtubule formation\nC. Intercalates between DNA\nD. Modifies DNA transcription and protein synthesis\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "44c11b75445a2c76ae591587ef9cc509" }, { "question": "A 60-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department because of sudden, painless loss of vision in her right eye that occurred 30 minutes ago while watching TV. She has coronary artery disease, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus; she has had trouble adhering to her medication regimen. Her blood pressure is 160/85 mm Hg. Examination shows 20/50 vision in the left eye and no perception of light in the right eye. Direct pupillary reflex is present in the left eye, but absent in the right eye. Accommodation is intact bilaterally. Intraocular pressure is 16 mm Hg in the left eye and 18 mm Hg in the right eye. Fundoscopic examination of the right eye shows a pale, white retina with a bright red area within the macula. The optic disc appears normal. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?\n\nA. Retinal detachment\nB. Central retinal artery occlusion\nC. Acute angle-closure glaucoma\nD. Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c4b5409965c6ee43269146f81ddc0473" }, { "question": "A 32-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 0, at 22 weeks' gestation comes to the emergency department for abdominal pain and heavy vaginal bleeding for 2 hours. She has had no prenatal care. Her temperature is 37.2\u00b0C (99.0\u00b0F), pulse is 102/min, respirations are 16/min, and blood pressure is 138/82 mm Hg. The abdomen is nontender, and regular contractions are felt every 2 minutes. The uterus is consistent in size with a 20-week gestation. There is blood on the vulva, introitus, and medial aspect of the thighs. Ultrasound shows complete detachment of the placenta from the uterus. Fetal heart tones are absent. An emergent cesarean delivery is performed. Following the procedure, the patient becomes tearful and distraught. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial response by the physician?\n\nA. \u201cI'm sorry for your loss. This must be a difficult situation for you.\u201d\nB. \u201cLosing a baby is difficult, but I'm sure next time it'll work out.\u201d\nC. \u201cLosing a baby is difficult; but I see this every day, and I know you'll get through it.\u201d\nD. \u201cI'm sorry for your loss. I can write you a prescription to help with your anxiety and grief.\u201d\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c4b1aab57acaa16b4113a95ff6f00079" }, { "question": "A 68-year-old female presents to her primary care physician with a 7-month history of fatigue and low back pain. Her pain is not improved by over the counter analgesics. Laboratory analysis is notable for a calcium level of 11.5 mg/dL, creatinine level of 2.0 mg/dL, and blood urea nitrogen level of 30 mg/dL. Large eosinophilic casts are seen on renal biopsy. Which of the following findings is most likely to be seen on peripheral blood smear?\n\nA. Abundant reticulocytes\nB. Linear aggregations of red blood cells\nC. Schistocytes\nD. Leukocytosis with abundant mature myeloid cells\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cfb1e66dbac3b164e5c239536153ce12" }, { "question": "A 67-year-old woman presents from home hospice with a change in her mental status. She has seemed more confused lately and is unable to verbalize her symptoms. Her temperature is 102\u00b0F (38.9\u00b0C), blood pressure is 117/65 mmHg, pulse is 110/min, respirations are 19/min, and oxygen saturation is 95% on room air. Physical exam is notable for a right upper quadrant mass that elicits discomfort when palpated. Ultrasound is notable for pericholecystic fluid and gallbladder wall thickening without any gallstones. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?\n\nA. Acalculous cholecystitis\nB. Calculous cholescystitis\nC. Choledocholithiasis\nD. Emphysematous cholecystitis\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2f6972dd60500d80cfc27819246e0f1f" }, { "question": "A 53-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up appointment three days after being prescribed a selective alpha-1 agonist. He reports improvement in his symptoms and has not experienced any adverse effects. This drug was most likely prescribed for which of the following conditions?\n\nA. Bronchospasm due to bronchial asthma\nB. Urinary hesitancy due to benign prostatic hyperplasia\nC. Nasal congestion due to a viral infection\nD. Blood pressure management prior to pheochromocytoma excision\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "322d37e7407ccff38fd25f3171d660d8" }, { "question": "A 58-year-old woman comes to the physician because of intermittent painful retrosternal dullness for 4 weeks. The pain is recurrent and occurs when she exerts herself or when she is outside during cold weather. She also experiences shortness of breath and palpitations during these episodes. The symptoms resolve spontaneously when she stops or sits down for a while. Over the past few days, the episodes have increased in frequency. She has hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and osteoarthritis. Her left leg was amputated below the knee after a motorcycle accident 25 years ago. She is currently waiting for a new prosthesis and walks with crutches. Current medications include captopril, glyburide, and ibuprofen. She does not smoke or drink alcohol. Her pulse is 88/min, respirations are 20/min, and blood pressure is 144/90 mm Hg. Cardiac examination shows no abnormalities. An x-ray of the chest shows no abnormalities. An ECG shows a normal sinus rhythm without any signs of ischemia. Serum cardiac markers are within the reference range. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in diagnosis?\n\nA. Myocardial perfusion scan under pharmacological stress\nB. Upper endoscopy\nC. Coronary angiography\nD. Echocardiography at rest\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ba7ec36c0473d84836e13523230e1dd4" }, { "question": "A 61-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of a 2-day history of a productive cough and worsening shortness of breath. He has had frequent episodes of a productive cough over the past 3 years. He had smoked 2 packs of cigarettes daily for 30 years but quit 1 year ago. He appears distressed. Pulse oximetry on room air shows an oxygen saturation of 91%. Chest auscultation reveals diffuse wheezes and coarse crackles. A chest x-ray shows increased lung lucency bilaterally and flattening of the diaphragm. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial pharmacotherapy?\n\nA. Prednisone and albuterol\nB. Albuterol and montelukast\nC. Prednisone and tiotropium\nD. Albuterol and theophylline\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a2fca96d9c918b3f9f49762cd4f871c7" }, { "question": "A 74-year-old woman with a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus is brought to her primary care doctor by her son who is concerned about the patient's ability to manage her activities of daily living. She has been living alone since her husband passed away 2 years ago. She has remained an active member of her retirement community's wine club; however, she stopped attending the meetings 3 weeks ago. She is generally able to her maintain her house, but her house appears more disorganized over the past 2 weeks. She generally drives short distances but avoids driving long distances as she occasionally gets lost when navigating new areas. She feels like her balance is getting worse, but she has not fallen. She has noticed increased urinary urgency over the past 8 months and has had 2 episodes of incontinence. Despite these changes, she reports feeling well. She drinks 4-6 glasses of wine per day. She was started on multiple medications for worsening anxiety by her psychiatrist 1 month ago. Her BMI is 31 kg/m^2. Her temperature is 99.8\u00b0F (37.7\u00b0C), blood pressure is 115/65 mmHg, pulse is 95/min, and respirations are 17/min. On examination, she is oriented to person and time but not place or situation. She does not seem to recognize her doctor despite knowing him for many years. She becomes somnolent intermittently throughout the interview. She can recall 0/3 words after 5 minutes. She has a low-frequency tremor in her right arm that increases in severity with deliberate movement. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis in this patient?\n\nA. Alzheimer dementia\nB. Delirium\nC. Lewy body dementia\nD. Normal pressure hydrocephalus\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "385caa5f6bfaa103e82bad54306395df" }, { "question": "A 31-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, at 32 weeks' gestation presents to the emergency department for clear vaginal discharge that started roughly 26 hours ago. Her pregnancy has been uncomplicated. Her first child was born at term by vaginal delivery. She has no history of any serious illnesses. She does not drink alcohol or smoke cigarettes. Current medications include vitamin supplements. Her temperature is 37.2\u00b0C (98.9\u00b0F), pulse is 70/min, respirations are 18/min, and blood pressure is 128/82 mm Hg. Speculum examination demonstrates clear fluid at the cervical os. The fetal heart rate is reactive at 160/min with no decelerations. Tocometry shows uterine contractions. Nitrazine testing is positive. She is started on indomethacin. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?\n\nA. Administer ampicillin and perform amnioinfusion\nB. Administer ampicillin and progesterone\nC. Administer betamethasone, ampicillin, and proceed with cesarean section\nD. Administer betamethasone, ampicillin, and proceed with induction of labor\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "978807029e220ee8e20fb521c7850b83" }, { "question": "A 57-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by ambulance for dysarthria and left-sided facial droop. She is accompanied by her son, who states that the patient had just returned home an hour ago from walking the dog when suddenly the patient stated she felt \u201cstrange.\u201d When her son asked her what was wrong, her speech was slurred and her \"face looked funny.\u201d The son quickly called an ambulance. The paramedic upon arrival noted that the patient had left-sided facial droop. Her medical history includes asthma and sickle cell disease. She takes hydroxyurea, uses oxycodone as needed for pain, and an albuterol inhaler as needed for shortness of breath. The patient\u2019s temperature is 97\u00b0F (36.1\u00b0C), blood pressure is 145/72 mmHg, pulse is 93/min, and respirations are 14/min with an oxygen saturation of 96% on room air. On physical examination, a left-sided facial droop is appreciated. She has trouble articulating her words, and her speech is garbled. She is put on 2 L of oxygen by nasal cannula. Labs are obtained and pending. Which of the following therapies is most likely indicated?\n\nA. Alteplase\nB. Exchange transfusion\nC. Hydralazine\nD. Warfarin\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a18af02057562ede63344f6cfd57213e" }, { "question": "A 78-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of a 1-day history of painful enlarging bruises and skin ulceration over his thighs and external genitalia. He has type 2 diabetes mellitus, mitral regurgitation, and atrial fibrillation. Three days ago, he was started on treatment with warfarin. His only other medications are metformin and lisinopril. His temperature is 37.8\u00b0C (100.0\u00b0F), pulse is 108/min and irregularly irregular, and blood pressure is 155/89 mm Hg. Examination of the skin shows large purpura, hemorrhagic bullae, and areas of skin necrosis over his anterior legs, gluteal region, and penis. This patient is most likely to benefit from treatment with which of the following?\n\nA. Hyperbaric oxygen\nB. Protein C concentrate\nC. Argatroban\nD. Tranexamic acid\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3c0199001b040a306577fdae78ba8eaf" }, { "question": "A 65-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her husband after he found her with nausea, headache, and agitation 1 hour ago. When he left their lakeside cabin 6 hours before to go ice fishing and get more firewood, she did not have any symptoms. She has chronic migraines, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Her medications include lisinopril and metformin, but she ran out of her anti-hypertensive medications over the weekend. Her temperature is 37.1\u00b0C (98.8\u00b0F), pulse is 110/min, respirations are 21/min, and blood pressure is 154/92 mm Hg. Pulse oximetry on room air shows an oxygen saturation of 98%. She is confused and oriented only to person and place. She recalls only one of three objects after 5 minutes. Her gait is unsteady. Physical examination shows no abnormalities. Which of the following is the most effective intervention for this patient's current condition?\n\nA. Intravenous nitroprusside\nB. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy\nC. 100% oxygen therapy\nD. Heliox therapy\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "61c8291cefa77254eb14fe81338e677b" }, { "question": "A 35-year-old woman presents with severe fear reactions to seeing dogs after moving into a new suburban neighborhood. She states that she has always had an irrational and excessive fear of dogs but has been able to avoid it for most of her life while living in the city. When she sees her neighbors walking their dogs outside, she is terrified and begins to feel short of breath. Recently, she has stopped picking up her children from the bus stop and no longer plays outside with her children in order to avoid seeing any dogs. Which of the following would be the best definitive treatment for this patient?\n\nA. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)\nB. Short-acting benzodiazepines\nC. Systematic desensitization\nD. Cognitive behavioral therapy\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5b7d7f10f78bba3b4cd78feeccf998fe" }, { "question": "A 39-year-old man seeks an evaluation in the emergency room due to an episode of syncope at work. He says that he has felt increasing shortness of breath while exercising over the past 6 months. He is a well-built man in mild distress. The vital signs include heart rate 98/min, respiratory rate 18/min, temperature 36.5\u00b0C (97.7\u00b0F), and blood pressure 135/90 mm Hg. The cardiac examination is significant for a harsh systolic ejection murmur at the left lower sternal border which is accentuated by forceful expiration against a closed airway. Palpation of the carotid artery shows 2 closely spaced pulses which occur during systole. Which of the following is most consistent with these findings?\n\nA. Aortic stenosis\nB. Cardiac tamponade\nC. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy\nD. Third-degree heart block\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "06f8fcf45b920ff2ffa00444f9052dd5" }, { "question": "A 15-year-old boy is brought to the physician for evaluation of a learning disability. His teachers have reported hyperactivity during class, difficulties with social interaction, and poor scores on reading and writing assessments. Molecular analysis shows an increased number of CGG trinucleotide repeats. Which of the following findings are most likely to be seen on physical examination of this patient?\n\nA. Frontal balding and cataracts\nB. Long face and large everted ears\nC. Almond-shaped eyes and downturned mouth\nD. Thin upper lip and receding chin\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "127038b6c487ef09749bc7e764b08600" }, { "question": "A 57-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 1-year history of increasing shortness of breath on exertion and a cough productive of a small amount of grayish-white phlegm. The cough had been initially nonproductive. He has not had fever or chest pain. He is originally from China and visits his family there once every year. He has worked as a car salesman for 15 years and worked in a shipyard before that for 22 years. He smoked half a pack of cigarettes daily for 13 years but stopped 25 years ago. His temperature is 37.1\u00b0C (98.8\u00b0F), pulse is 86/min, respirations are 16/min, and blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg. Fine expiratory crackles are heard at both lung bases. An x-ray of the chest shows patchy infiltrates and supradiaphragmatic pleural thickening in both lungs. A photomicrograph from a sputum sample is shown. Further evaluation of this patient is most likely to show which of the following findings?\n\nA. Increased alveolar-arterial gradient\nB. Bloody pleural effusion\nC. Concave flow-volume loop\nD. Increased diffusing capacity (DLCO)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e17ac36b15cbda90f17fc1f97f699242" }, { "question": "A group of researchers decided to explore whether the estimates of incidence and prevalence rates of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were influenced by the number of years it took to examine administrative data. These estimates were not only based on hospital discharges, but also on physician billing codes. For study purposes, the researchers labeled incident cases at the initial occurrence of SLE diagnosis in the hospital database, while prevalent cases were those that were coded as harboring SLE at any time, with patients maintaining their diagnosis until death. Which statement is true regarding the relationship between incidence and prevalence rates during the time period that might be chosen for this specific study?\n\nA. Incidence rates will be higher during shorter time periods than longer periods.\nB. The prevalence of SLE during consecutively shorter time windows will be overestimated.\nC. The inclusion of attack rates would increase incidence estimates in longer time periods.\nD. The inclusion of attack rates would decrease incidence estimates in shorter time periods.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3f3fb3f51d731c5f01abc57ced2a38f5" }, { "question": "Eight weeks after starting a new weight-loss medication, a 43-year-old woman with obesity comes to the physician because of greasy diarrhea, excessive belching, and flatulence. She also complains of progressively worsening night-time vision. She has had no fever, chills, or vomiting. Physical examination shows dry, scaly skin on her extremities and face. Which of the following is the most likely mechanism of action of the drug she is taking?\n\nA. Stimulation of monoamine neurotransmitter release\nB. Inhibition of serotonin reuptake\nC. Stimulation of norepinephrine release\nD. Inhibition of lipase\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d0833d0accede2039c7ac1b01b6970b4" }, { "question": "A 21-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his mother after being found lying unconscious next to a bottle of pills. The patient\u2019s mother mentions that he has been diagnosed with major depressive disorder 3 years ago for which he was taking a medication that resulted in only a slight improvement in his symptoms. She says he still found it difficult to concentrate on his studies and did not participate in any social events in college. He didn\u2019t have many friends and was often found sitting alone in his room. He has also threatened to take his life on several occasions, but she did not think he was serious. While recording his vital signs, the patient goes into a coma. His ECG shows a QT interval of 450 milliseconds. Which of the following medications did this patient most likely overdose on?\n\nA. Bupropion\nB. Sertraline\nC. Venlafaxine\nD. Clomipramine\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ef9d7a5ad58e9988c9dd0c82bd53aab7" }, { "question": "The patient is given prophylactic labetalol and magnesium sulfate. Examination shows absent deep tendon reflexes bilaterally. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in the management of this patient?\n\nA. Stop magnesium sulfate and give calcium gluconate\nB. Stop labetalol\nC. Stop magnesium sulfate and give lorazepam\nD. Perform nerve conduction studies\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ab56775ec3f7886e5100540ad2adbe6a" }, { "question": "A 13-year-old boy is brought to his pediatrician due to a left breast lump under his nipple. He noticed it last month and felt that it has increased slightly in size. It is tender to touch but has no overlying skin changes. There is no breast discharge. The patient has cryptorchidism as an infant and underwent a successful orchiopexy. In addition, he was recently diagnosed with ADHD and is currently on methylphenidate with improvement in his symptoms. He has a family history of type I diabetes in his father and breast fibroadenoma in his mother. On exam, the patient is at the 82nd percentile for height, 79th percentile for weight, and 80th percentile for BMI. He has tanner IV pubic hair. Testicular volume is 7 mL on each side, and both testes are smooth and freely mobile. Breast exam shows a normal right breast and a 3-centimeter round, firm, and slightly tender discrete mass under the left nipple. Which of the following is the most likely etiology of this patient\u2019s condition?\n\nA. Klinefelter syndrome\nB. Glandular tissue enlargement\nC. Lipomastia (pseudogynecomastia)\nD. Testicular cancer\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d3dd411849f63542971226e87e8387ff" }, { "question": "A 27-year-old HIV positive female gave birth to a 7lb 2oz (3.2 kg) baby girl. The obstetrician is worried that the child may have been infected due to the mother's haphazard use of her anti-retroviral medications. Which of the following assays would a hospital use detect the genetic material of HIV if the child had been infected?\n\nA. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)\nB. Rapid HIV antibody test\nC. Polymerase chain reaction\nD. Southern blot\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2daf90db21aca56177b6529a2af4cdc6" }, { "question": "A 10-year-old girl is brought to the physician because of high-grade fever, myalgia, and generalized fatigue for 3 days. She returned from a vacation to northern Brazil 4 days ago. She took the appropriate medications and immunizations prior to her visit. There is no family history of serious illness. She appears ill. Her temperature is 39.4\u00b0C (103\u00b0F), pulse is 110/min and blood pressure is 94/54 mm Hg. Examination shows jaundice of the conjunctivae and skin. The abdomen is soft and nontender; the spleen is palpated 2 to 3 cm below the left costal margin. Laboratory studies show:\nHemoglobin 10.1 g/dL\nLeukocyte count 4,650/mm3\nPlatelet count 200,000/mm3\nSerum\nGlucose 56 mg/dL\nCreatinine 0.8 mg/dL\nBilirubin\nTotal 4.7 mg/dL\nDirect 0.9 mg/dL\nLactate dehydrogenase 212 U/L\nWhich of the following is the most likely to confirm the diagnosis?\"\n\nA. Thick and thin blood smear\nB. Direct antiglobulin test\nC. Sickle cell test\nD. Ultrasound of the abdomen\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "66296d3b6b75885593d475670beb943d" }, { "question": "A 35-year-old woman is brought into the clinic by a concerned neighbor who says that the patient is often seen setting up bear traps all around her property because of an impending \u2018invasion of the mole people.\u2019 The patient has come to the clinic wearing a garlic necklace. She vaguely explains that the necklace is to mask her scent from the moles tracking her. She has no past psychiatric history and she denies hearing voices or seeing objects. No significant past medical history. Although she has lived in the same community for years, she says she usually keeps to herself and does not have many friends. She holds a regular job at the local hardware store and lives alone. Which of the following is the best initial course of treatment for this patient?\n\nA. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)\nB. The patient does not require any intervention\nC. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)\nD. Refer to outpatient group therapy\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "bc2fa5c6561984e8620bc25a33f0f7e8" }, { "question": "A 3-year-old boy is brought to his pediatrician for evaluation because his parents have been concerned by a number of troubling signs. Specifically, they have noticed that he has been exhibiting aggressive behavior as well as hyperactivity. In addition, he has had intellectual disability and is slow to hit developmental milestones. Physical exam reveals coarse facies, short stature, and joint stiffness. Eye exam reveals no abnormalities of the cornea or lens. Based on these findings, the patient is referred to a geneticist for further evaluation. Which of the following substances would most likely accumulate in the cells of this patient?\n\nA. Cerebroside sulfate\nB. Galactocerebroside\nC. Heparan sulfate\nD. Sphingomyelin\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "10ade38af2e4627eecd848d95cca6c49" }, { "question": "A 29-year-old man presents to the emergency department due to central chest pain over the past 3 days which is constant and unrelated to exertion. The pain is sharp, severe, increases when lying down, and improves with leaning forward. The pain also radiates to his shoulders and neck. The patient has no past medical history. He has smoked 10 cigarettes per day for the past 7 years and occasionally drinks alcohol. He presents with vital signs: blood pressure 110/70 mm Hg, regular radial pulse of 95/min, and temperature 37.3\u00b0C (99.1\u00b0F). On physical exam, a scratching sound of to-and-from character is audible over the left sternal border at end-expiration with the patient leaning forward. His chest X-ray is normal and ECG is shown in the picture. Which of the following is the optimal therapy for this patient?\n\nA. Indomethacin +/- omeprazole\nB. Ibuprofen + colchicine +/- omeprazole\nC. Pericardiocentesis\nD. Pericardiectomy\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "10218b8ae49ad340c1a2c57ddb46013a" }, { "question": "Three days after induction chemotherapy, a 9-year-old boy is admitted to the hospital for fever and neutropenia. He was initially diagnosed with t(9;22)-positive acute T cell lymphoblastic leukemia following workup for fatigue and pancytopenia. He is fully conscious. His blood pressure is 110/65 mm Hg, temperature is 39.5\u00b0C (103.1\u00b0F), pulse is 98/min, and respiratory rate is 14/min. Physical examination including examination of the central venous catheter site shows no source of infection. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are initiated. Which of the following factors about this patient most strongly indicates a poor prognosis?\n\nA. Age\nB. Cytogenetics\nC. Fever and neutropenia\nD. Initial presentation\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e52b183b943326edfca12b8fd7bd3b30" }, { "question": "A 75-year-old woman is brought by a patrolman to the emergency department because of altered mental status. She was found wandering next to the highway. The patient was unable to answer questions and collapsed in transit. Her vitals are: temperature, 33.0\u00b0C (91.4\u00b0F); pulse, 40/min; respirations,12/min; blood pressure, 80/50 mm Hg; and oxygen saturation, 85% on room air. Physical examination shows decorticate posturing, incomprehensible speech, eyes opening to pain, dry hair, coarse and waxy skin, and non-pitting edema around the face and all extremities. Electrocardiogram shows sinus bradycardia. Laboratory studies show:\nCalcium 9.0 mg/dL\nHematocrit (female) 34%\nPotassium 4.0 mEq/L\nSodium 120 mEq/L\nTSH 110.0 \u00b5U/mL\nThyroxine (T4) 1.2 \u00b5g/dL\nTriiodothyronine (T3) 70 ng/dL\nWhich of the following is the most likely diagnosis in this patient?\n\nA. Myxedema coma\nB. Pheochromocytoma crisis\nC. Septic shock\nD. Tertiary hyperparathyroidism\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "15c226db748124d2da65151e86896910" }, { "question": "A 24-year-old female presents to the emergency department with a chief complaint of an inability to urinate. She states that this has been one of many symptoms she has experienced lately. At times she has had trouble speaking and has noticed changes in her vision however these episodes occurred over a month ago and have resolved since then. Two days ago she experienced extreme pain in her face that was exacerbated with brushing her teeth and plucking out facial hairs. The patient has no relevant past medical history, however, the patient admits to being sexually abused by her boyfriend for the past year. Her current medications include ibuprofen for menstrual cramps. On physical exam it is noted that leftward gaze results in only the ipsilateral eye gazing leftward. The patient's initial workup is started in the emergency department. Her vital signs are within normal limits and you note a pale and frightened young lady awaiting further care. Which of the following is the best initial test for this patient's chief complaint?\n\nA. Head CT\nB. Head MRI\nC. Lumbar puncture\nD. Domestic abuse screening and exploring patient's life stressors\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "57bd87e6a050dc307a6eae8a759ecf87" }, { "question": "A 48-year-old man with type II diabetes mellitus complicated by peripheral neuropathy presents to the emergency department for a foot wound that he noticed. He denies any pain, fevers, or chills. His temperature is 101\u00b0F (38.3\u00b0C), blood pressure is 150/80 mmHg, pulse is 80/min, and respirations are 22/min. An ulcer with associated erythema and purulence is noted on his foot. Based on his radiography, he is diagnosed with osteomyelitis and admitted to the hospital for partial amputation of his right foot. He is given appropriate prophylaxis for tetanus and discharged 5 hospital days later on antibiotics. He returns to the emergency department one week later with difficulty breathing. His temperature is 98\u00b0F (37\u00b0C), blood pressure is 100/70 mmHg, pulse is 130/min, respirations are 27/min, and oxygen saturation is 92% on room air. His amputated foot stump is erythematous and edematous but not tender to palpation. An electrocardiogram reveals sinus tachycardia. He requests something to help calm his breathing down. What is the next best step in management?\n\nA. Complete blood count, type and screen, and order 1 unit of blood\nB. CT angiography of the chest and give oxygen\nC. Deep wound culture and start piperacillin-tazobactam\nD. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and give oxycodone\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3f33bc60c06555bbb231410a559c2616" }, { "question": "A 15-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department 1 hour after falling from his bicycle. The boy was racing with his cousin when he lost control and fell onto his right side. He has nausea and severe pain in the right shoulder. He is in acute distress. His temperature is 37\u00b0C (98.6\u00b0F), pulse is 85/min, respirations are 15/min, and blood pressure is 135/85 mm Hg. Examination shows swelling and tenderness over the right clavicle and pain exacerbated by movement; range of motion is limited. The skin over the clavicle is intact. The radial pulse in the right arm is intact. Sensory examination of the right upper limb shows no abnormalities. An x\u2011ray of the chest is shown. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management for this patient's shoulder?\n\nA. Perform tension banding\nB. Apply a simple shoulder sling\nC. Obtain an MRI of the right shoulder\nD. Perform arteriography\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "289ce51c7185d42a708617b8bca812e5" }, { "question": "A 17-year-old female accidentally eats a granola bar manufactured on equipment that processes peanuts. She develops type I hypersensitivity-mediated histamine release, resulting in pruritic wheals on the skin. Which of the following layers of this patient's skin would demonstrate histologic changes on biopsy of her lesions?\n\nA. Stratum corneum\nB. Stratum granulosum\nC. Stratum basale\nD. Dermis\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0dca548d2b061b5bf425f9080880bf63" }, { "question": "A 22-year-old woman with polycystic ovarian syndrome comes to the emergency department because of a 1-day history of left lower abdominal pain that began suddenly while she was running. Her last menstrual period was 2 weeks ago. Physical examination shows tenderness to palpation over the left adnexa and rebound tenderness in the left lower quadrant. There is no tenderness in the right lower quadrant. Urine pregnancy test is negative. An ultrasound is ordered to confirm the diagnosis of ruptured ovarian cyst. Visualization of fluid in which of the following locations would be most consistent with this diagnosis?\n\nA. Rectouterine pouch\nB. Hepatorenal space\nC. Splenorenal angle\nD. Rectovesical pouch\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "862bb986fa41b26ba1c7ddc3e6bc2a56" }, { "question": "A 69-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for trouble sleeping. The patient states that he recently retired from working the day shift at a cemetery. When the patient retired, his goal was to finally be able to go out with his wife; however, he finds that he is unable to stay awake past 6 pm in the evening. His inability to stay awake has been straining his marriage as his wife is disappointed that they cannot do any activities in the evening together. The patient has tried drinking caffeine but finds that it does not help. The patient\u2019s wife claims that the patient seems to sleep peacefully, and the patient states he feels rested when he awakes. The patient has a past medical history of irritable bowel syndrome which is managed with fiber supplements. The patient\u2019s neurological exam is within normal limits. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?\n\nA. Obstructive sleep apnea\nB. Advanced sleep phase disorder\nC. Chronic insomnia\nD. Normal aging\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d69027e933f0e6da0b5aa56ede31441d" }, { "question": "A 33-year-old G2P1 woman presents to the office because of poor diabetic control. She is currently at 18 weeks gestation and admits to having poor control of her type 1 diabetes before becoming pregnant. Her family history is non-contributory. The physical examination shows a pregnant woman with a fundal height of 20 cm (7.9 in). An abdominal ultrasound is ordered. Which of the following is the most likely congenital abnormality shown on the ultrasound?\n\nA. Amelia\nB. Sacral agenesis\nC. Spina bifida\nD. Ventricular septal defect\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8441fbe9f420fd6747046397fa8de8fc" }, { "question": "A 21-year-old female presents to the office after a health screening in which she was found to have high blood pressure. At the office, the blood pressure is 168/114 mm Hg. You have seen the patient in the past for amenorrhea and infertility issues, but she denies taking any medication at this time. On examination, the patient is short and normal weight but has a webbed neck. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the elevated blood pressure?\n\nA. Central fusion of the inferior poles of the kidneys \nB. Genetic predisposition to essential hypertension\nC. Neuroendocrine tumor of the adrenal gland\nD. Oral contraceptive use\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "04cb53795e26f57c198770d31ba95a3c" }, { "question": "A hospitalized 34-year-old man with severe diarrhea and bloating for 1 month is diagnosed with celiac disease based on serology and duodenal biopsy. He has no history of any serious illnesses and takes no medications. He has no history of recent travel. His vital signs are within normal limits. Physical examination is unremarkable. At discharge from the hospital, he is given complete instructions for a strict gluten-free diet. Which of the following is the most appropriate recommendation for the temporary control of the severe diarrhea and bloating?\n\nA. Avoiding all dairy products\nB. Diphenoxylate\nC. Prednisone\nD. Restriction of soy products\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "44dd9efb7c473587e96c2deb41fec1b6" }, { "question": "A 45-year-old woman comes to the physician because of fatigue, abdominal cramps, watery diarrhea, and a weight loss of 4 kg (8.8 lb) over the last 4 months. She has recently avoided drinking alcohol and eating spicy food because it worsens her diarrhea and causes episodes of heart palpitations and reddening of the face and neck. She takes lisinopril for hypertension. Her temperature is 36.5\u00b0C (97.7\u00b0F), pulse is 98/min, and blood pressure is 149/90 mm Hg. The abdomen is soft, and there is mild tenderness to palpation with no guarding or rebound. Laboratory studies show an increased urine 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentration. Further evaluation of this patient will most likely show which of the following?\n\nA. Achlorhydria\nB. Adrenal medullary mass\nC. Multiple peptic ulcers\nD. Pulmonic valve stenosis\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "704b8a4325023d9c526eaceb23dd3627" }, { "question": "A 32-year-old female is brought to the emergency room by her friend for acute onset abdominal pain. She states that she was in a kickboxing class when she suddenly developed left-sided abdominal pain. Her past medical history is significant for chlamydia. She is currently sexually active and does not use contraception. Her menstrual periods occur regularly every 30 days. Her last menstrual period ended 2 days ago. The patient\u2019s temperature is 99\u00b0F (37.2\u00b0C), blood pressure is 110/68 mmHg, pulse is 88/min, and respirations are 14/min with an oxygen saturation of 98% on room air. On physical exam, there is left-sided, lower abdominal tenderness and guarding. Pelvic examination is notable for clear mucous in the vaginal introitus and tenderness of the left adnexa. A pelvic ultrasound with Doppler reveals a large amount of fluid in the rectouterine pouch. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?\n\nA. Ectopic pregnancy\nB. Ovarian torsion\nC. Pelvic inflammatory disease\nD. Ruptured ovarian cyst\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "80c21dbd30605105e9cb407fa02bded1" }, { "question": "A 58-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of sudden-onset right-sided body numbness for 1 hour. He reports that he has a 15-year history of hypertension treated with hydrochlorothiazide. He is alert and oriented to time, place, and person. Neurological examination shows decreased sensation to light pinprick and temperature on the right side of the face and body. Motor strength is 5/5 and deep tendon reflexes are 2+ bilaterally. Perfusion of which of the following structures of the brain is most likely impaired in this patient?\n\nA. Posterior limb of the internal capsule\nB. Lateral medulla\nC. Basal pons\nD. Ventral thalamus\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1ed3a1434f004d963d10b8eae3141705" }, { "question": "A 47-year-old man presents to his family physician with a sudden onset of severe pain and redness in his eyes that started this morning. He is having difficulty seeing properly and is extremely worried about losing his vision. Further history reveals that he has had progressive lower back pain for over 2 months now. The pain is usually at its worst in the morning, but it remains throughout the day. It gets better with movement, however, so he tends to do some light exercises every day. He also has heel pain and feels significant pressure while walking. Laboratory analysis reveals increased ESR and CRP serum levels. Which of the following would most likely be seen in this patient?\n\nA. Dry mouth\nB. Malabsorption\nC. Aortic regurgitation\nD. Hemochromatosis\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fdcc477eee1d72371281fc0902d33dcd" }, { "question": "A 27-year-old gentleman is brought into the ED after being stabbed in the back by a knife. In addition to the pain from the wound, he complains of weakness in his left leg. Upon physical examination you find that he has no other visible injuries; however, he has 2/5 strength in the left lower extremity. Complete neurologic exam also finds a deficit in vibration sense and light touch on the left lower extremity as well as a loss of pain and temperature sensation in the right lower extremity. Which of the following lesions would result in the syndrome described?\n\nA. Anterior cord lesion\nB. Posterior cord lesion\nC. Right cord hemisection\nD. Left cord hemisection\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0205f41dda5332d2df0b2369ca5a6f05" }, { "question": "A 16-year-old healthy female presents to her pediatrician concerned that she has not had a menstrual period. She has no past medical history and takes no medications. She plays volleyball and gets good grades in school. Her BMI is 22 kg/m2. Physical examination reveals normal female external genitalia and pubic hair along the mons pubis and superomedial thighs. Her breasts appear normal. Transabdominal ultrasound reveals an absent uterus. Serum testosterone levels is within the normal range for females. What is the most likely cause of this patient\u2019s condition?\n\nA. Pituitary tumor\nB. Absence of second X chromosome\nC. Androgen receptor mutation\nD. Failure of paramesonephric duct development\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "780b565f3f54a1cb0ba714242d37f10d" }, { "question": "A 44-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician because she has been having fever, chest pain, and cough for the last several weeks. She presented to the physician because she discovered blood in her sputum after coughing. She recently returned from a year of traveling abroad, but has otherwise been healthy. Based on clinical suspicion, an acid fast stain is performed showing the causative organism, and she is started on appropriate therapy. Two weeks later, she returns with a skin rash, diarrhea, and confusion, and is given a factor to take in addition to the medications previously prescribed. Which of the following is a characteristic of the factor that was most likely provided?\n\nA. Required for collagen hydroxylation\nB. Required for dehydrogenase enzymes\nC. Required for methionine processing\nD. Required for methylmalonyl-CoA processing\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "93e6cbc8ded24e29b2bfebddd3495452" }, { "question": "An investigator is studying the frequency of polycythemia in a population of a remote, mountainous region. A representative sample of 100 men shows a normal distribution of hemoglobin concentration with a mean concentration of 17 g/dL and a standard error of 0.1 g/dL. Which of the following best represents the probability that a subject will have a hemoglobin concentration greater than 18 g/dL?\n\nA. 30%\nB. 15%\nC. 95%\nD. 99%\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "MedQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dc592a3313d20dc837ec3cac40d23b46" }, { "question": "Although consensus guidelines for pretreatment evaluation and monitoring of propranolol therapy in patients with infantile hemangiomas (IH) have been formulated, little is known about the cardiovascular side effects.\nWe sought to analyze cardiovascular evaluations in patients with IH at baseline and during treatment with an oral beta-blocker.\nData from 109 patients with IH were retrospectively analyzed. Patient and family history, pretreatment electrocardiogram (ECG), heart rate, and blood pressure were evaluated before initiation of beta-blocker therapy. Blood pressure and standardized questionnaires addressing side effects were evaluated during treatment.\nQuestionnaire analyses (n = 83) identified 3 cases with a family history of cardiovascular disease in first-degree relatives. ECG findings were normal in each case and no serious complication of therapy occurred. ECG abnormalities were found in 6.5% of patients but there were no contraindications to beta-blocker therapy and no major complications. Hypotension in 9 patients did not require therapy adjustment. In all, 88 parents (81%) reported side effects during beta-blocker treatment.\nThe relatively small patient cohort is a limitation.\n\nIs cardiovascular evaluation necessary prior to and during beta-blocker therapy for infantile hemangiomas?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "9ca38e31dfbb1dbeac19fe1a0054f5a4" }, { "question": "Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels can show wide fluctuations when repeatedly measured. Here we investigatewd if: (a) biopsy timing influences the prostate cancer (PC) detection rate in patients with fluctuating PSA (flu-PSA) in comparison with patients with steadily increasing PSA (si-PSA); (b) PSA slope estimated in patients with flu-PSA predicts a different risk of cancer detection; (c) flu-PSA and si-PSA patients develop PC in topographically different sites; (d) the behaviour of pre-operative PSA is an expression of a disease with defferent characteristics to the following radical prostatectomy.\nThe study involved 211 patients who underwent at least a second biopsy after a first negative prostate biopsy. PSA Slope, PSA velocity (PSAV) and PSA doubling time (PSADT) were estimated. Flu-PSA level was defined as a PSA series with at least one PSA value lower than the one immediately preceding it.\n82 patients had flu-PSA levels and 129 si-PSA levels. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of cancer detection, clinical or pathological stage, but the si-PSA group with cancer had a higher Gleason score. No difference was found for PSA Slope between flu-PSA patients with cancer and those without.\n\nPSA repeatedly fluctuating levels are reassuring enough to avoid biopsy?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "102cda107237b1b1a48b0108284178d4" }, { "question": "Nasal Polyposis (NP) is defined as a chronic inflammatory disease of sinonasal mucosa leading to diffuse formation of benign polyps. Although family histories are frequently suggested in medical literature, no specific study focused on this point has been reported. The purpose of this study is to determine whether a hereditary factor could be implied for NP in a family where several members were affected. We included 99 members of this family.\nAll patients were assessed for conditions known to be associated with the development or presence of NP. Concerning NP, patients were screened with a validated questionnaire and selected patients had a medical examination by an Ear, Nose and Throat practitioner.\nThirteen patients had a personal history of NP without asthma, aspirin intolerance, Churg Strauss syndrome, cystic fibrosis, Young's syndrome, bare lymphocyte syndrome, or primary ciliary dyskinesia. Within this family, 19.7% of those older than 17 years were affected by NP, as compared with the national French prevalence of 2.1%.\n\nNasal polyposis: is there an inheritance pattern?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "db8864a3921324e466f5d6317908acfc" }, { "question": "First, to establish whether a deprivation gradient in all-cause mortality exists for all ethnic groups within New Zealand; second, if such gradients do exist, whether their absolute slopes are the same; and third, if such gradients exist, what impact the unequal deprivation distributions of the different ethnic groups have on the observed ethnic inequalities in life expectancy at birth.\nAbridged lifetables for the period 1999-2003 were constructed using standard demographic methods for each of four ethnic groups (Asian, Pacific, Maori and European) by NZDep2001 quintile and sex. Gradients were estimated by fitting generalised linear models to the quintile-specific life expectancy estimates for each ethnic group (by sex). The contribution of variation in deprivation distributions to inter-ethnic inequalities in life expectancy was estimated by re-weighting the quintile-specific mortality rates for each ethnic group using weights derived from the European deprivation distribution and recalculating the lifetable.\nAll four ethnic groups exhibit deprivation gradients in all-cause mortality (life expectancy). Maori show the steepest gradients, with slopes approximately 25% steeper than those of Europeans for both males and females. By contrast, gradients among Asian and Pacific peoples are shallower than those of their European counterparts.\n\nDo all ethnic groups in New Zealand exhibit socio-economic mortality gradients?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "b84599ba39c1fa6b976db2be9cd3ceee" }, { "question": "This study was designed to determine prospectively whether the systematic use of PET/CT associated with conventional techniques could improve the accuracy of staging in patients with liver metastases of colorectal carcinoma. We also assessed the impact on the therapeutic strategy.\nBetween 2006 and 2008, 97 patients who were evaluated for resection of LMCRC were prospectively enrolled. Preoperative workup included multidetector-CT (MDCT) and PET/CT. In 11 patients with liver steatosis or iodinated contrast allergy, MR also was performed. Sixty-eight patients underwent laparotomy. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive values for hepatic and extrahepatic staging of MDCT and PET-CT were calculated.\nIn a lesion-by-lesion analysis of the hepatic staging, the sensitivity of MDCT/RM was superior to PET/CT (89.2 vs. 55%, p\u00a0<\u00a00.001). On the extrahepatic staging, PET/CT was superior to MDCT/MR only for the detection of locoregional recurrence (p\u00a0=\u00a00.03) and recurrence in uncommon sites (p\u00a0=\u00a00.016). New findings in PET/CT resulted in a change in therapeutic strategy in 17 patients. However, additional information was correct only in eight cases and wrong in nine patients.\n\nPreoperative staging of patients with liver metastases of colorectal carcinoma. Does PET/CT really add something to multidetector CT?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "830c35f298cd9023fe1176283b963066" }, { "question": "To investigate whether the presence of hippocampal atrophy (HCA) on MRI in Alzheimer's disease (AD) leads to a more rapid decline in cognitive function. To investigate whether cognitively unimpaired controls and depressed subjects with HCA are at higher risk than those without HCA of developing dementia.\nA prospective follow-up of subjects from a previously reported MRI study.\nMelbourne, Australia.\nFive controls with HCA and five age-matched controls without HCA, seven depressed subjects with HCA and seven without HCA, and 12 subjects with clinically diagnosed probable AD with HCA and 12 without HCA were studied. They were followed up at approximately 2 years with repeat cognitive testing, blind to initial diagnosis and MRI result.\nHCA was rated by two radiologists blind to cognitive test score results. Cognitive assessment was by the Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG).\nNo significant differences in rate of cognitive decline, mortality or progression to dementia were found between subjects with or without HCA.\n\nDoes hippocampal atrophy on MRI predict cognitive decline?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "e86c68a8603d607619b7705b7eeeda4d" }, { "question": "Accurate and updated information on airborne pollen in specific areas can help allergic patients. Current monitoring systems are based on a morphologic identification approach, a time-consuming method that may represent a limiting factor for sampling network enhancement.\nTo verify the feasibility of developing a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) approach, an alternative to optical analysis, as a rapid, accurate, and automated tool for the detection and quantification of airborne allergenic pollen taxa.\nThe traditional cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide-based method was modified for DNA isolation from pollen. Taxon-specific DNA sequences were identified via bioinformatics or literature searches and were PCR amplified from the matching allergenic taxa; based on the sequences of PCR products, complementary or degenerate TaqMan probes were developed. The accuracy of the quantitative real-time PCR assay was tested on 3 plant species.\nThe setup of a modified DNA extraction protocol allowed us to achieve good-quality pollen DNA. Taxon-specific nuclear gene fragments were identified and sequenced. Designed primer pairs and probes identified selected pollen taxa, mostly at the required classification level. Pollen was properly identified even when collected on routine aerobiological tape. Preliminary quantification assays on pollen grains were successfully performed on test species and in mixes.\n\nBiomolecular identification of allergenic pollen: a new perspective for aerobiological monitoring?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "f3766693c220e24f4b6d6d87d8c2334b" }, { "question": "More than 1000 candidates applied for orthopaedic residency positions in 2014, and the competition is intense; approximately one-third of the candidates failed to secure a position in the match. However, the criteria used in the selection process often are subjective and studies have differed in terms of which criteria predict either objective measures or subjective ratings of resident performance by faculty.QUESTIONS/\nDo preresidency selection factors serve as predictors of success in residency? Specifically, we asked which preresidency selection factors are associated or correlated with (1) objective measures of resident knowledge and performance; and (2) subjective ratings by faculty.\nCharts of 60 orthopaedic residents from our institution were reviewed. Preresidency selection criteria examined included United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1 and Step 2 scores, Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) scores, number of clinical clerkship honors, number of letters of recommendation, number of away rotations, Alpha Omega Alpha (AOA) honor medical society membership, fourth-year subinternship at our institution, and number of publications. Resident performance was assessed using objective measures including American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS) Part I scores and Orthopaedics In-Training Exam (OITE) scores and subjective ratings by faculty including global evaluation scores and faculty rankings of residents. We tested associations between preresidency criteria and the subsequent objective and subjective metrics using linear correlation analysis and Mann-Whitney tests when appropriate.\nObjective measures of resident performance namely, ABOS Part I scores, had a moderate linear correlation with the USMLE Step 2 scores (r = 0.55, p<0.001) and number of clinical honors received in medical school (r = 0.45, p<0.001). OITE scores had a weak linear correlation with the number of clinical honors (r = 0.35, p = 0.009) and USMLE Step 2 scores (r = 0.29, p = 0.02). With regards to subjective outcomes, AOA membership was associated with higher scores on the global evaluation (p = 0.005). AOA membership also correlated with higher global evaluation scores (r = 0.60, p = 0.005) with the strongest correlation existing between AOA membership and the \"interpersonal and communication skills\" subsection of the global evaluations.\n\nDoes Residency Selection Criteria Predict Performance in Orthopaedic Surgery Residency?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "20afdc4f78e273335f291a268ed699bc" }, { "question": "Obese children and adolescents referred to the pediatric endocrinology department were enrolled consecutively. Height and weight of all children and their mothers were measured. Maternal feeding practices were measured using an adapted version of the Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ). Answers were compared between obese (Body Mass Index [BMI] \u2265 30 kg/m2) and non-obese mothers.\nA total of 491 obese subjects (292 girls, mean age 12.0 \u00b1 2.8 years) and their mothers participated in this study. A direct correlation between children's BMI and their mothers' BMI was found (P<0.001) both in girls (r = 0.372) and boys (r = 0.337). While 64.4% of mothers were found obese in the study, only half of them consider themselves as obese. No difference were found in the scores of the subscales \"perceived responsibility\", \"restriction\", \"concern for child's weight\" and \"monitoring\" between obese and non-obese mothers. Child's BMI-SDS positively correlated with mothers' personal weight perception, concern for child's weight and restriction after adjustment for child's age (P<0.001, P = 0.012 and P = 0.002, respectively).\n\nDoes maternal obesity have an influence on feeding behavior of obese children?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "50ebce4f217306078b037c5c88450700" }, { "question": "In a prospective study 218 preschool children were enrolled (stratified in 2 training programs, one specialized for phonologic awareness in order to prevent dyslexia, the other consisting in training of general perception) during the last year of kindergarten. After finishing the first grade 131 children were compared in their reading and writing abilities.\nIn the whole group only a slight difference was found between both training modalities concerning their writing abilities. However, children with a history of hearing loss, actual hearing loss or pathologic middle ear findings profited most from the specialized training program compared to the control in their reading abilities.\n\nIs a specialised training of phonological awareness indicated in every preschool child?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "maybe" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "54be0bea252a4cf8faf581d6ba211479" }, { "question": "The purpose of this study is to examine whether or not well differentiated (w-d) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is indeed clinically early cancer.\nSeventy six patients with solitary small HCCs up to 3 cm in diameter, who underwent hepatectomy, were observed for at least 2 years for possible recurrence. These patients were divided into two groups: 10 patients with w-d HCCs (Edmondson and Steiner's grade I) and 66 patients with less differentiated (l-d) HCCs (Edmondson and Steiner's grade I-II, II-III, and III).\nThe histological analysis revealed that w-d HCCs had lower incidences of fibrous capsule formation (P<0.01), when compared to l-d HCCs. There were no significant differences in the incidence of intrahepatic metastasis, or portal vein invasion. In a resected specimen of w-d HCC, barium sulfate and gelatin were injected into portal vein and a transparent specimen was made. The transparent specimen showed that the portal vein in the tumor seemed to be intact. Microscopically, cancer cell infiltration into the fibrous frame of the portal tract was present. There were no significant differences in the disease free survival between the two groups. An analysis of tumor volume doubling time in recurrent foci suggested that minute cancerous foci had been present at the time of operation.\n\nPrognosis of well differentiated small hepatocellular carcinoma--is well differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma clinically early cancer?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "f0f253001236d9836a9d5854387391eb" }, { "question": "In recent years the role of trace elements in lithogenesis has received steadily increasing attention.\nThis study was aimed to attempt to find the correlations between the chemical content of the stones and the concentration of chosen elements in the urine and hair of stone formers.\nThe proposal for the study was approved by the local ethics committee. Specimens were taken from 219 consecutive stone-formers. The content of the stone was evaluated using atomic absorption spectrometry, spectrophotometry, and colorimetric methods. An analysis of 29 elements in hair and 21 elements in urine was performed using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry.\nOnly a few correlations between the composition of stones and the distribution of elements in urine and in hair were found. All were considered incidental.\n\nCan we predict urinary stone composition based on an analysis of microelement concentration in the hair and urine?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "b886c26cfa0cece81722dec47177f83e" }, { "question": "Nobody has analyzed the sequelae of desmoids according to the type of surgery that precipitated them.\nThis study aims to determine whether the clinical effects of abdominal desmoids would be worse in patients with restorative proctocolectomy than in patients with ileorectal anastomosis.\nThis is a retrospective, database study.\nIncluded were patients with familial adenomatous polyposis who had undergone proctocolectomy with IPAA or colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis, and subsequently developed an intra-abdominal desmoid tumor.\nThe primary outcome measures were the clinical course of the desmoids; morbidity, and the requirement for stoma.\nThere were 86 patients: 49 had restorative proctocolectomy and 37 had ileorectal anastomosis. Patient demographics were similar. Average follow-up was 9.8 years (range, 2.7-23.8) and 16.3 years (range, 2.3 - 42.9). Treatment of the desmoids included surgery (64.4% vs 65.6%), medical therapy (69.4% vs 59.5%), chemotherapy (36.2% vs 30.0%), and radiotherapy (4.5% vs 10.0%), and was the same for each group. The overall complication rate of desmoids was similar, approaching 70%. The risk of individual complications was also similar (bleeding (2.0% vs 0.0%), fistula (10.2% vs 13.5%), bowel obstruction (32.7% vs 48.6%), pain (34.7% vs 21.6%), and death related to desmoid tumors (2.0% vs 10.8%)); 38.8% of the restorative proctocolectomy group and 51.4% the ileorectal group had surgery for desmoid tumor complications (P = .21), and 22.4% and 22.2% of patients ultimately had permanent stomas.\nThis study was limited by the relatively small numbers of patients.\n\nDoes intra-abdominal desmoid disease affect patients with an ileal pouch differently than those with an ileorectal anastomosis?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "b6404210c38e745dccd96513c5747624" }, { "question": "To explore the secondary benefits of treadmill training for people in the chronic stage of recovery from stroke.\nModified random assignment, matched-pair control group design with repeated measures.\nOutpatient stroke centre.\nTwenty individuals post first stroke who acknowledged walking slower than pre stroke. Participants matched by side of hemiparesis and motor impairment.\nTwelve 20-minute sessions of walking on a treadmill or weekly phone call.\nDepression (Beck Depression Index), mobility and social participation (Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 subscales) were assessed initially, at the end of 12 treatments (four weeks) and six weeks later.\nNo significant difference was found between groups for any dependent measure. The ANOVA to investigate main effects in each group found no significant findings in the control group; however in the treatment group significant improvements over time for depression (P = 0.005, P<0.001), mobility (P = 0.008) and social participation (P = 0.004) were demonstrated.\n\nTreadmill training post stroke: are there any secondary benefits?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "32c6b8ccbdbeccf5d69c81b97f71172f" }, { "question": "The neonatal infection by Streptococcus group B is one of the main causes of neonatal morbi-mortality rate. For this reason a screening is made to each pregnant woman in order to detect its presence, and if it was the case, to apply an antibiotic treatment during labour. The aim of this study was to know the prevalence of this Streptococcus in the pregnant women from Melilla, as well as the differences according to culture and age.\nA descriptive cross-sectional study located in the Hospital Comarcal from Melilla.\nThe sample is taken from 280 women: 194 are from Muslim culture (69.3%), 68 are from Christian culture (24.3%) and 18 women from unknown cultures (6.4%). Also it is known that 78 of them are 25 years old or less (27.85%), 158 are between 26 and 34 years old (56.42%) and 44 are 35 years old or more (15.71%).\n\nPREVALENCE OF THE STREPTOCOCUS AGALACTIAE IN THE PREGNANT WOMAN FROM THE AUTONOMIC CITY OF MELILLA: IS CULTURE A DETERMINANT FACTOR?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "f8d6c90feb6a3191c1cb6fc31c06a783" }, { "question": "Utilization of the Recovery Knowledge Inventory (RKI) and Recovery Attitudes Questionnaire (RAQ) in southeastern Australia raised questions about the RAQ, including links between attitudes, faith, and culture in supporting the recovery journey. These questions are particularly important when considered in the context of people with mental illness who live in secular multicultural societies.\n\nRecovery Outcome Measures: Is There a Place for Culture, Attitudes, and Faith?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "3c3a557c456991cb4372f9f2e421e141" }, { "question": "Patient data were retrospectively collected from a database for gynaecological cancer procedures carried out between January 2013 and July 2015. All patients who underwent a colorectal resection during cytoreduction were included in the study. The primary outcome was anastomotic leakage in the presence or absence of a diverting stoma. Secondary outcome parameters were complications and reoperations.\nIn the period of study, 43 major colorectal procedures were performed on 37 women. The most common colorectal procedure was low rectal resection (n\u00a0=\u00a022; 59%) followed by anterior rectal resection (n\u00a0=\u00a07; 19%) and sigmoid resection (n\u00a0=\u00a04; 11%). Five (14%) patients underwent Hartmann's procedure. In three (8%) patients, a diverting loop ileostomy was created.\n\nIs it safe to perform rectal anastomosis in gynaecological debulking surgery without a diverting stoma?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "b64bb65d865a9fef79306fc105906ff7" }, { "question": "Selection into general practice training is undertaken using a competency based approach. The clear advantage of this approach over traditional methods has been demonstrated through evaluation of its validity and reliability. However, the relationship between selection and performance in the Royal College of General Practitioner examinations (MRCGP) has yet to be explored. The MRCGP comprises of an applied knowledge test (AKT), a clinical skills assessment (CSA) and workplace-based assessments (WPBA).AIM: To explore the predictive validity of general practice selection scores using the AKT and CSA elements of the MRCGP as a final outcome measure.\nThis study carried out a retrospective analysis of 101 trainees from the Wales Deanery who were successfully selected on to general practice training in 2007. Selection data consisted of an overall selection score as well as scores from each individual stage of selection. Correlation was used to explore associations between selection scores and examination scores.\nThe score for overall performance at selection achieved statistically significant correlation with examination performance (r = 0.491 for the AKT and r = 0.526 for the CSA, P<0.01).\n\nDo general practice selection scores predict success at MRCGP?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "933dc743857ac2bfc2da234efbefb5c4" }, { "question": "Hypoglycaemia caused by glucose-lowering therapy has been linked to cardiovascular (CV) events. The ORIGIN trial provides an opportunity to further assess this relationship.\nA total of 12 537 participants with dysglycaemia and high CV-risk were randomized to basal insulin glargine titrated to a fasting glucose of \u2264 5.3 mmol/L (95 mg/dL) or standard glycaemic care. Non-severe hypoglycaemia was defined as symptoms confirmed by glucose \u2264 54 mg/dL and severe hypoglycaemia as a requirement for assistance or glucose \u2264 36 mg/dL. Outcomes were: (i) the composite of CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction or stroke; (ii) mortality; (iii) CV mortality; and (iv) arrhythmic death. Hazards were estimated before and after adjustment for a hypoglycaemia propensity score. During a median of 6.2 years (IQR: 5.8-6.7), non-severe hypoglycaemic episodes occurred in 41.7 and 14.4% glargine and standard group participants, respectively, while severe episodes occurred in 5.7 and 1.8%, respectively. Non-severe hypoglycaemia was not associated with any outcome following adjustment. Conversely, severe hypoglycaemia was associated with a greater risk for the primary outcome (HR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.24-2.02, P<0.001), mortality (HR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.39-2.19, P<0.001), CV death (HR: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.27-2.30, P<0.001) and arrhythmic death (HR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.17-2.67, P = 0.007). Similar findings were noted for severe nocturnal hypoglycaemia for the primary outcome and mortality. The severe hypoglycaemia hazard for all four outcomes was higher with standard care than with insulin glargine.\n\nDoes hypoglycaemia increase the risk of cardiovascular events?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "1f8e32a0f69ba34b55bd426fb83abeac" }, { "question": "Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) aims to control nerve-sparing total mesorectal excision (TME) for rectal cancer in order to improve patients' functional outcome. This study was designed to compare the urogenital and anorectal functional outcome of TME with and without IONM of innervation to the bladder and the internal anal sphincter.\nA consecutive series of 150 patients with primary rectal cancer were analysed. Fifteen match pairs with open TME and combined urogenital and anorectal functional assessment at follow up were established identical regarding gender, tumour site, tumour stage, neoadjuvant radiotherapy and type of surgery. Urogenital and anorectal function was evaluated prospectively on the basis of self-administered standardized questionnaires, measurement of residual urine volume and longterm-catheterization rate.\nNewly developed urinary dysfunction after surgery was reported by 1 of 15 patients in the IONM group and by 6 of 15 in the control group (p\u00a0=\u00a00.031). Postoperative residual urine volume was significantly higher in the control group. At follow up impaired anorectal function was present in 1 of 15 patients undergoing TME with IONM and in 6 of 15 without IONM (p\u00a0=\u00a00.031). The IONM group showed a trend towards a lower rate of sexual dysfunction after surgery.\n\nIs intraoperative neuromonitoring associated with better functional outcome in patients undergoing open TME?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "4b24cda68db469749336aa17c23eccd0" }, { "question": "Web search engines are an important tool in communication and diffusion of knowledge. Among these, Google appears to be the most popular one: in August 2008, it accounted for 87% of all web searches in the UK, compared with Yahoo's 3.3%. Google's value as a diagnostic guide in general medicine was recently reported. The aim of this comparative cross-sectional study was to evaluate whether searching Google with disease-related terms was effective in the identification and diagnosis of complex immunological and allergic cases.\nForty-five case reports were randomly selected by an independent observer from peer-reviewed medical journals. Clinical data were presented separately to three investigators, blinded to the final diagnoses. Investigator A was a Consultant with an expert knowledge in Internal Medicine and Allergy (IM&A) and basic computing skills. Investigator B was a Registrar in IM&A. Investigator C was a Research Nurse. Both Investigators B and C were familiar with computers and search engines. For every clinical case presented, each investigator independently carried out an Internet search using Google to provide a final diagnosis. Their results were then compared with the published diagnoses.\nCorrect diagnoses were provided in 30/45 (66%) cases, 39/45 (86%) cases, and in 29/45 (64%) cases by investigator A, B, and C, respectively. All of the three investigators achieved the correct diagnosis in 19 cases (42%), and all of them failed in two cases.\n\nSearch engine as a diagnostic tool in difficult immunological and allergologic cases: is Google useful?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "fb79f53c9f6d3ea90e0c08a20cbcfb78" }, { "question": "Adhesive capsulitis is often difficult to diagnose in its early stage and to differentiate from other common shoulder disorders.\nThe aim of this study was to validate any or all of the 8 clinical identifiers of early-stage primary/idiopathic adhesive capsulitis established in an earlier Delphi study.\nThis was a cross-sectional study.\nSixty-four patients diagnosed with early-stage adhesive capsulitis by a physical therapist or medical practitioner were included in the study. Eight active and 8 passive shoulder movements and visual analog scale pain scores for each movement were recorded prior to and immediately following an intra-articular injection of corticosteroid and local anesthetic. Using the local anesthetic as the reference standard, pain relief of \u226570% for passive external rotation was deemed a positive anesthetic response (PAR).\nSixteen participants (25%) demonstrated a PAR. Univariate logistic regression identified that of the proposed identifiers, global loss of passive range of movement (odds ratio [OR]=0.26, P=.03), pain at the end of range of all measured active movements (OR=0.06, P=.02), and global loss of passive glenohumeral movements (OR=0.23, P=.02) were associated with a PAR. Following stepwise removal of the variables, pain at the end of range of all measured active movements remained the only identifier but was associated with reduced odds of a PAR.\nThe lack of a recognized reference standard for diagnosing early-stage adhesive capsulitis remains problematic in all related research.\n\nClinical identifiers for early-stage primary/idiopathic adhesive capsulitis: are we seeing the real picture?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "c003df2fd2b95b4d0124c71907a62a5b" }, { "question": "The relationship between the use of an endoscope during ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) procedures and infection remains poorly defined. In this study, we sought to analyze whether the simultaneous use of an endoscope could in fact increase the infection rate associated with VPS procedures.\nThis study included 438 VPS procedures, 49 in which an endoscope was used (11.2%) and 389 in which an endoscope was not used (88.8%). The infection rates in these 2 main groups were calculated and compared. Subsequently, 4 new groups were created, composed of patients with a shunt inserted for the first time (groups 1A and 1B) and patients with a shunt reviewed or inserted for a second time (groups 2A and 2B). Groups 1A and 2A comprised patients in whom an endoscope was used simultaneously with VPS surgery, and groups 1B and 2B comprised patients in whom an endoscope was not used. These groups were compared to determine the infection rate.\nThe overall infection rate was 18.5%, including 22.4% in the groups in which an endoscope was used and 18% in those in which an endoscope was not used (P\u00a0=\u00a00.449). Groups 1A and 1B and groups 2A and 2B were matched for possible intervening risk factors. The infection rate was 28.6% in group 1A and 16.2% in group 1B (P\u00a0= 0.27), and 20% in group 2A and 19.8% in group 2B (P\u00a0= 0.977).\n\nDoes the Simultaneous Use of a Neuroendoscope Influence the Incidence of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Infection?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "14c6dcce1d21f357cc3fdd2d04c6f952" }, { "question": "Despite the advantages from using aromatase inhibitors (AIs) compared with tamoxifen for early breast cancer, an unexpectedly greater number of grade 3 and 4 cardiovascular events (CVAE) (as defined by National Cancer Institute of Canada-Common Toxicity Criteria [version 2.0] was demonstrated.\nPhase 3 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing AI with tamoxifen in early breast cancer were considered eligible for this review. The event-based risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were derived, and a test of heterogeneity was applied. Finally, absolute differences (ADs) in event rates and the number of patients needed to harm 1 patient (NNH) were determined.\nSeven eligible RCTs (19,818 patients) reported CVAE results. When considering all RCTs, the AD of the primary endpoint (CVAE) between the 2 arms (0.52%), tamoxifen versus AI, was statistically significant (RR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.07-1.60; P= .007). This translated into an NNH value of 189 patients; when only third-generation AIs were considered, the difference (0.57%) remained significant (RR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.09-1.63; P= .0038). Thromboembolic events were significantly more frequent in the tamoxifen arm, regardless of the strategy adopted (RR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.42-0.65; P<.0001), without significant heterogeneity (P= .21). An AD of 1.17% and an NNH value of 85 patients were observed.\n\nDo adjuvant aromatase inhibitors increase the cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "75041453c8affd46a37a1820cebc73bf" }, { "question": "Polio eradication is now feasible after removal of Nigeria from the list of endemic countries and global reduction of cases of wild polio virus in 2015 by more than 80%. However, all countries must remain focused to achieve eradication. In August 2015, the Catholic bishops in Kenya called for boycott of a polio vaccination campaign citing safety concerns with the polio vaccine. We conducted a survey to establish if the coverage was affected by the boycott.\nA cross sectional survey was conducted in all the 32 counties that participated in the campaign. A total of 90,157 children and 37,732 parents/guardians were sampled to determine the vaccination coverage and reasons for missed vaccination.\nThe national vaccination coverage was 93% compared to 94% in the November 2014 campaign. The proportion of parents/guardians that belonged to Catholic Church was 31% compared to 7% of the children who were missed. Reasons for missed vaccination included house not being visited (44%), children not being at home at time of visit (38%), refusal by parents (12%), children being as leep (1%), and various other reasons (5%). Compared to the November 2014 campaign, the proportion of children who were not vaccinated due to parent's refusal significantly increased from 6% to 12% in August 2015.\n\nDid the call for boycott by the Catholic bishops affect the polio vaccination coverage in Kenya in 2015?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "583a9aaae0c37e7cdd837e493d635620" }, { "question": "To determine the relationship between injury severity surrogates and other patient factors with the development and severity of heterotopic ossification (HO) following open reduction internal fixation of acetabular fractures treated with a posterior approach.\nRetrospective review.\nAcademic level 1 trauma center.\nTwo hundred forty-one patients who were treated through a posterior approach with a minimum of 6-month radiographic follow-up were identified from an acetabular fracture database.\nNone.\nThe occurrence and severity (Brooker Grade III/IV) of HO 6 months postsurgery.\nLength of stay (LOS) in the intensive care unit (ICU), non-ICU LOS>10 days, and HO prophylaxis with external radiation beam therapy (XRT) were significantly associated with the development of HO in a multivariate model [\n1-2 days, odds ratio (OR) = 4.33, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-18.25; 3-6 days, OR = 4.1, 95% CI, 1.27-13.27;>6 days, OR = 11.7, 95% CI, 3.24-42.22; non-ICU LOS>10 days (vs. 0-6 days): OR = 7.6, 95% CI, 2.6-22.25; XRT HO prophylaxis: OR = 0.29, 95% CI, 0.10-0.85]. Other variables evaluated in multivariate modeling not significantly associated with development and severity of HO included age, gender, mechanism of injury, injury severity score, presence of neurologic injury, Letournel fracture type, occurrence of hip dislocation, interval from injury to surgery, operative time, and estimated blood loss.\n\nDo Surrogates of Injury Severity Influence the Occurrence of Heterotopic Ossification in Fractures of the Acetabulum?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "maybe" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "07991df15668254cb3ac52ed70d07093" }, { "question": "Interference from irrelevant negative material might be a key mechanism underlying intrusive ruminative thoughts in depression. Considering commonalities between depression and social anxiety and the presence of similar intrusive thoughts in social anxiety, the current study was designed to assess whether interference from irrelevant material in working memory is specific to depression or is also present in social anxiety disorder.\nTo examine the effects of irrelevant emotional material on working memory performance, participants memorized two lists of words on each trial and were subsequently instructed to ignore one of the lists. Participants were then asked to indicate whether a probe word belonged to the relevant list or not.\nCompared to control and social anxiety groups, the depression groups (both pure and comorbid with social anxiety disorder) exhibited greater difficulties removing irrelevant emotional material from working memory (i.e., greater intrusion effects). Greater intrusion effects were also associated with increased rumination.\nAlthough we included three clinical groups (depression, social anxiety, and the comorbid groups), the results are based on a relatively small number of participants.\n\nUpdating emotional content in working memory: a depression-specific deficit?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "7ef84bef9e8b211db2a01ddd240ffe0e" }, { "question": "Several atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) are used as second-line agents for treatment resistant depression. AAPs can be expensive compared to other treatment options and can cause several side effects.\nTo estimate healthcare costs and utilization of AAPs compared to other second-line agents.\nObservational study using Medicaid claims data (2006-2011). Subjects were depression-diagnosed adult members with at least two prescriptions of antidepressant medications followed by a second-line agent. Gamma generalized linear models (GLM) produced estimates of the difference in mean expenditures among treatment groups after adjusting for individual baseline characteristics using propensity scores. Negative binomial models produced estimates of the difference in number of hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits.\nA total of 3910 members received second-line treatment. Treatment groups were AAPs (n\u2009=\u20092211), augmentation agents other than AAPs (n\u2009=\u20091008), and antidepressant switching (n\u2009=\u2009691). AAPs resulted in higher mean adjusted pharmacy costs and higher mean adjusted total mental health-related costs. Mean adjusted total healthcare costs and number of inpatient and ED visits were not different among treatments.\n\nDoes the use of atypical antipsychotics as adjunctive therapy in depression result in cost savings?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "1da904ebe852c4e5a178676cd7d640d9" }, { "question": "The purpose of this study was to determine whether head and neck-specific health status domains are distinct from those assessed by general measures of quality-of-life (QOL).\nCross-sectional study of 55 head and neck cancer patients in tertiary academic center was made. Three head and neck-specific measures,-including the Head&Neck Survey (H&NS); a brief, multi-item test which generates domain scores; and a general health measure,-were administered.\nThe H&NS was highly reliable and more strongly correlated to the specific measures than to the general measure. Eating/swallowing (ES) and speech/communication (SC) were not well correlated with general health domains. Head and neck pain was highly correlated to general bodily pain (0.88, p<.0001). Despite correlations to some general health domains, appearance (AP) was not fully reflected by any other domain.\n\nAre head and neck specific quality of life measures necessary?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "aba3076394f52e3bd518258df09c1ae6" }, { "question": "Acupuncture has been successfully used in myofascial pain syndromes. However, the number of needles used, that is, the dose of acupuncture stimulation, to obtain the best antinociceptive efficacy is still a matter of debate. The question was addressed comparing the clinical efficacy of two different therapeutic schemes, characterized by a different number of needles used on 36 patients between 29-60 years of age with by a painful cervical myofascial syndrome.\nPatients were divided into two groups; the first group of 18 patients were treated with 5 needles and the second group of 18 patients were treated with 11 needles, the time of needle stimulation was the same in both groups: 100 seconds. Each group underwent six cycles of somatic acupuncture. Pain intensity was evaluated before, immediately after and 1 and 3 months after the treatment by means of both the Mc Gill Pain Questionnaire and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). In both groups, the needles were fixed superficially excluding the two most painful trigger points where they were deeply inserted.\nBoth groups, independently from the number of needles used, obtained a good therapeutic effect without clinically relevant differences.\n\nNeck pain treatment with acupuncture: does the number of needles matter?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "f0209f52ce3b06caba6f53fca418349f" }, { "question": "The purpose of this survey was to ascertain the most common surgical practices for attaining negative (tumor-free) surgical margins in patients desiring breast-conservation treatment for breast cancer to see if a consensus exists for optimal treatment of patients.\nWe sent a survey to 1,000 surgeons interested in the treatment of breast cancer. Three hundred eighty-one surgeons responded to this survey and 351 were used for the analysis (response rate of 38%).\nAnswers showed a large variety in clinical practices among breast surgeons across the country. There was little intraoperative margin analysis; only 48% of surgeons examine the margins grossly with a pathologist and even fewer used frozen sections or imprint cytology. Decisions to reexcise specific margins varied greatly. For example, 57% of surgeons would never reexcise for a positive deep margin, but 53% would always reexcise for a positive anterior margin. Most importantly, there was a large range in answers about acceptable margins with ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma. Fifteen percent of surgeons would accept any negative margin, 28% would accept a 1-mm negative margin, 50% would accept a 2-mm negative margin, 12% would accept a 5-mm negative margin, and 3% would accept a 10-mm negative margin.\n\nAttaining negative margins in breast-conservation operations: is there a consensus among breast surgeons?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "621a3ad431c5d09234ee8aa642187925" }, { "question": "This study was planned to evaluate whether increased nuchal translucency (NT) thickness in the first trimester of gestation can be related to onset of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy.\nFrom January 2006 to August 2008, a group of 678 singleton pregnancies who had developed GDM has been selected as a study group among a total of 3966 pregnant women who had undergone first trimester screening for aneuploidies at 11-14 weeks of gestation. A group of 420 single pregnant women with physiological pregnancy were enrolled as control group. Both fetal structural and karyotype's anomalies were excluded in the two groups. NT was mesured by a Fetal Medicine Foundation certificated operator; GDM was diagnosed at 24-28 weeks of gestation following Carpenter and Coustan criteria. In the analyses of continuos variables, study and control group were compared by Student's t-test and Anova test.\nThere was no significative difference (p = 0.585) between NT values in the study (mean = 1.56) and control group (mean = 1.54).\n\nDoes nuchal translucency thickness in the first trimester predict GDM onset during pregnancy?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "7438fd8fce18b37f46a394651b88347b" }, { "question": "The management of noncorrectable extra hepatic biliary atresia includes portoenterostomy, although the results of the surgery are variable. This study was done to develop criteria that could successfully predict the outcome of surgery based on preoperative data, including percutaneous liver biopsy, allowing a more selective approach to the care of these babies.\nThe charts and biopsy results of 31 patients who underwent a Kasai procedure for biliary atresia between 1984 and 1994 were reviewed. Values for preoperative albumin, bilirubin, age of patient at Kasai, and lowest postoperative bilirubin were recorded. Surgical success was defined as postoperative bilirubin that returned to normal. A pathologist blinded to the child's eventual outcome graded the pre-Kasai needle liver biopsy results according to duct proliferation, ductal plate lesion, bile in ducts, lobular inflammation, giant cells, syncitial giant cells, focal necrosis, bridging necrosis, hepatocyte ballooning, bile in zone 1, 2, and 3, cholangitis, and end-stage cirrhosis. Clinical outcome was then predicted.\nSuccess after portoenterostomy could not reliably be predicted based on gender, age at Kasai, preoperative bilirubin or albumin levels. Histological criteria, however, predicted outcome in 27 of 31 patients (P<.01). Fifteen of 17 clinical successes were correctly predicted; as were 12 of 14 clinical failures (sensitivity, 86%; specificity, 88%). Individually, the presence of syncitial giant cells, lobular inflammation, focal necrosis, bridging necrosis, and cholangitis, were each associated with failure of the portoenterostomy (P<.05). Bile in zone 1 was associated with clinical success of the procedure (P<.05).\n\nBiliary atresia: should all patients undergo a portoenterostomy?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "6d0540bb88b84d162cd04672ee0f5664" }, { "question": "Poor bone quality and unstable fractures increase the cut-out rate in implants with gliding lag screws. The U-Blade (RC) lag screw for the Gamma3\u00aenail was introduced to provide monoaxial rotational stability of the femoral head and neck fragment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the use of the U-Blade (RC) lag screw is associated with reduced cut-out in patients with OTA/AO 31A1-3 fractures.MATERIAL &\nBetween 2009 and 2014, 751 patients with OTA/AO 31A1-3 fractures were treated with a Gamma3\u00aenail at our institution. Out of this sample 199 patients were treated with U-blade (RC) lag screws. A total of 135 patients (117 female, 18 male) with standard lag screw (treatment group A) were matched equally regarding age (\u00b14 years) sex, fracture type and location to 135 patients with U-blade (RC) lag screw (treatment group B). Within a mean follow up of 9.2 months (range 6-18 months) we assessed the cut-out rate, the calTAD, lag screw migration, the Parker's mobility score and the Parker's ratio at postoperatively, six and 12 months following surgery. Furthermore we recorded all complications, ASA-Score, hospital stay and duration of surgery retrospectively.\nThe most common fracture among group B with a cut-out of the lag screw were AO/OTA 2.3 and 3.2 fractures whereas in group A cut-out was most commonly seen in AO/OTA 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 fractures, there was no significant reduction of the cut-out rate in group B 2.2% (n=3) compared to group A 3.7% (n=5). The duration of surgery was significantly shorter in group A (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in lag screw placement, the Parker's ratio and mobilization.\n\nDoes an additional antirotation U-Blade (RC) lag screw improve treatment of AO/OTA 31 A1-3 fractures with gamma 3 nail?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "e47d7b92f39a9a635eb7865fc8559bd7" }, { "question": "One of the problems with manual resuscitators is the difficulty in achieving accurate volume delivery. The volume delivered to the patient varies by the physical characteristics of the person and method. This study was designed to compare tidal volumes delivered by the squeezing method, physical characteristics and education and practice levels.\n114 individuals trained in basic life support and bag-valve-mask ventilation participated in this study. Individual characteristics were obtained by the observer and the education and practice level were described by the subjects. Ventilation was delivered with a manual resuscitator connected to a microspirometer and volumes were measured. Subjects completed three procedures: one-handed, two-handed and two-handed half-compression.\nThe mean (standard deviation) volumes for the one-handed method were 592.84 ml (SD 117.39), two-handed 644.24 ml (SD 144.7) and two-handed half-compression 458.31 ml (SD 120.91) (p<0.01). Tidal volume delivered by two hands was significantly greater than that delivered by one hand (r = 0.398, p<0.01). The physical aspects including hand size, volume and grip power had no correlation with the volume delivered. There were slight increases in tidal volume with education and practice, but correlation was weak (r = 0.213, r = 0.281, r = 0.131, p<0.01).\n\nCan you deliver accurate tidal volume by manual resuscitator?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "6d65708ccc569a985fa34d2550de03b6" }, { "question": "We sought to develop a more reliable structured implicit chart review instrument for use in assessing the quality of care for chronic disease and to examine if ratings are more reliable for conditions in which the evidence base for practice is more developed.\nWe conducted a reliability study in a cohort with patient records including both outpatient and inpatient care as the objects of measurement. We developed a structured implicit review instrument to assess the quality of care over one year of treatment. 12 reviewers conducted a total of 496 reviews of 70 patient records selected from 26 VA clinical sites in two regions of the country. Each patient had between one and four conditions specified as having a highly developed evidence base (diabetes and hypertension) or a less developed evidence base (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or a collection of acute conditions). Multilevel analysis that accounts for the nested and cross-classified structure of the data was used to estimate the signal and noise components of the measurement of quality and the reliability of implicit review.\nFor COPD and a collection of acute conditions the reliability of a single physician review was quite low (intra-class correlation = 0.16-0.26) but comparable to most previously published estimates for the use of this method in inpatient settings. However, for diabetes and hypertension the reliability is significantly higher at 0.46. The higher reliability is a result of the reviewers collectively being able to distinguish more differences in the quality of care between patients (p<0.007) and not due to less random noise or individual reviewer bias in the measurement. For these conditions the level of true quality (i.e. the rating of quality of care that would result from the full population of physician reviewers reviewing a record) varied from poor to good across patients.\n\nProfiling quality of care: Is there a role for peer review?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "cf1bab4a5bf7169171287122cdb15421" }, { "question": "(1) To describe the prevalence of general practitioner visits and hospitalization according to sex and age groups; (2) to identify which factors are independently associated with a higher use of health care services among elderly Spanish; and (3) to study the time trends in the prevalence of use of health care services 2001-2009.\nObservational study. We analyzed data from the Spanish National Health Surveys conducted in 2001 (n=21,058), 2003 (n=21,650), 2006 (n=29,478) and 2009 (n=22,188). We included responses from adults aged 65 years and older.\nThe main variables were the number of general practitioner visits in the last 4 weeks and hospitalization in the past year. We stratified the adjusted models by the main variables. We analyzed socio-demographic characteristics, health related variables, using multivariate logistic regression models.\nThe total number of subjects was 24,349 (15,041 woman, 9309 men). Women were significantly older than men (P<0.001). Women had higher prevalence of general practitioner visits than men in all surveys. Men had significantly higher prevalence of hospitalizations than women in the years 2001, 2006 and 2009. When we adjusted the hospitalization by possible confounders using logistic regressions, men had a higher probability of being hospitalized than women (OR 1.53, 1.39-1.69). The variables that were significantly associated with a higher use of health care services were lower educational level, worse self-rated health, chronic conditions, polypharmacy, and the level of disability. The number of general practitioner visits among women and men significantly increased from 2001 to 2009 (women: OR 1.43, 1.27-1.61; men: OR 1.71, 1.49-1.97).\n\nHas the prevalence of health care services use increased over the last decade (2001-2009) in elderly people?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "15a4cbf35ff406fadb339df4a88eb453" }, { "question": "This study was designed to determine whether preclerkship performance examinations could accurately identify medical students at risk for failing a senior clinical performance examination (CPE).\nThis study used a retrospective case-control, multiyear design, with contingency table analyses, to examine the performance of 412 students in the classes of 2005 to 2010 at a midwestern medical school. During their second year, these students took four CPEs that each used three standardized patient (SP) cases, for a total of 12 cases. The authors correlated each student's average year 2 case score with the student's average case score on a senior (year 4) CPE. Contingency table analysis was carried out using performance on the year 2 CPEs and passing/failing the senior CPE. Similar analyses using each student's United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1 scores were also performed. Sensitivity, specificity, odds ratio, and relative risk were calculated for two year 2 performance standards.\nStudents' low performances relative to their class on the year 2 CPEs were a strong predictor that they would fail the senior CPE. Their USMLE Step 1 scores also correlated with their performance on the senior CPE, although the predictive values for these scores were considerably weaker.\n\nCan students' scores on preclerkship clinical performance examinations predict that they will fail a senior clinical performance examination?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "62af89a61262952a2118b5a41cbeeec4" }, { "question": "To investigate whether low-tone SD was a precursor of Meniere's disease and whether patients with low-tone SD suffered from endolymphatic hydrops.\nThis was a retrospective case review in the university hospital. A total of 184 patients with low-tone SD were divided into two groups with single and recurrent episodes. The progress, follow-up audiograms, and ECochG results of the patients were reviewed and compared with those of patients with high-tone SD and Meniere's disease.\nIn all, 83 of 177 patients with low-tone SD unaccompanied by vertigo had recurrent hearing loss; 15 of the 83 developed vertiginous attacks. The remaining 94 patients had a single episode. Three of the seven patients with low-tone SD accompanied by vertigo had recurrent hearing loss; two of the three were subsequently confirmed to have Meniere's disease. The other four had a single episode. No difference in rate of progress from SD to Meniere's disease was observed among the low-tone and the high-tone SD groups. The average -SP/AP of each group with a single episode is smaller than that of other groups with recurrent episodes and Meniere's disease.\n\nPrognosis of low-tone sudden deafness - does it inevitably progress to Meniere's disease?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "f6123b7e840a7dd5863d064e894f66ed" }, { "question": "To investigate the effectiveness of acupuncture in treating phonotraumatic vocal fold lesions.STUDY DESIGN/\nA total of 123 dysphonic individuals with benign vocal pathologies were recruited. They were given either genuine acupuncture (n\u00a0=\u00a040), sham acupuncture (n\u00a0=\u00a044), or no treatment (n\u00a0=\u00a039) for 6\u00a0weeks (two 30-minute sessions/wk). The genuine acupuncture group received needles puncturing nine voice-related acupoints for 30\u00a0minutes, two times a week for 6\u00a0weeks, whereas the sham acupuncture group received blunted needles stimulating the skin surface of the nine acupoints for the same frequency and duration. The no-treatment group did not receive any intervention but attended just the assessment sessions. One-hundred seventeen subjects completed the study (genuine acupuncture\u00a0=\u00a040; sham acupuncture\u00a0=\u00a043; and no treatment\u00a0=\u00a034), but only 84 of them had a complete set of vocal functions and quality of life measures (genuine acupuncture\u00a0=\u00a029; sham acupuncture\u00a0=\u00a033; and no-treatment\u00a0=\u00a022) and 42 of them with a complete set of endoscopic data (genuine acupuncture\u00a0=\u00a016; sham acupuncture\u00a0=\u00a015; and no treatment\u00a0=\u00a011).\nSignificant improvement in vocal function, as indicated by the maximum fundamental frequency produced, and also perceived quality of life, were found in both the genuine and sham acupuncture groups, but not in the no-treatment group. Structural (morphological) improvements were, however, only noticed in the genuine acupuncture group, which demonstrated a significant reduction in the size of the vocal fold lesions.\n\nIs Acupuncture Efficacious for Treating Phonotraumatic Vocal Pathologies?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "d6a27529de8513b76b994b4a4b3ee0ae" }, { "question": "This study aims to evaluate local failure patterns in node negative breast cancer patients treated with post-mastectomy radiotherapy including internal mammary chain only.\nRetrospective analysis of 92 internal or central-breast node-negative tumours with mastectomy and external irradiation of the internal mammary chain at the dose of 50 Gy, from 1994 to 1998.\nLocal recurrence rate was 5 % (five cases). Recurrence sites were the operative scare and chest wall. Factors associated with increased risk of local failure were age10 cm), tumors with renal vein involvement or perinephric fat involvement were classified as T3a cancers, and those with adrenal involvement were classified as T4 cancers.\nOur aim was to validate the recently released edition of the TNM staging system for primary tumor classification in kidney cancer.\nOur multicenter retrospective study consisted of 5339 patients treated in 16 academic Italian centers.\nPatients underwent either radical or partial nephrectomy.\nUnivariable and multivariable Cox regression models addressed cancer-specific survival (CSS) after surgery.\nIn the study, 1897 patients (35.5%) were classified as pT1a, 1453 (27%) as pT1b, 437 (8%) as pT2a, 153 (3%) as pT2b, 1059 (20%) as pT3a, 117 (2%) as pT3b, 26 (0.5%) as pT3c, and 197 (4%) as pT4. At a median follow-up of 42 mo, 786 (15%) had died of disease. In univariable analysis, patients with pT2b and pT3a tumors had similar CSS, as did patients with pT3c and pT4 tumors. Moreover, both pT3a and pT3b stages included patients with heterogeneous outcomes. In multivariable analysis, the novel classification of the primary tumor was a powerful independent predictor of CSS (p for trend<0.0001). However, the substratification of pT1 tumors did not retain an independent predictive role. The major limitations of the study are retrospective design, lack of central pathologic review, and the small number of patients included in some substages.\n\nValidation of the 2009 TNM version in a large multi-institutional cohort of patients treated for renal cell carcinoma: are further improvements needed?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "7aa66b04cefe863b25cca1607c2497d6" }, { "question": "The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the pharmacokinetics of s.c. anti-TNF agents on the grade of US-detected synovitis in RA patients.\nFifty RA patients were prospectively recruited from the Biologic Therapy Unit of our hospital. Inclusion criteria were being in treatment with s.c. anti-TNF agents and having had neither changes in therapy nor local corticosteroid injections in the previous 3 months. Patients underwent clinical, laboratory [28-joint DAS (DAS28) and Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI)]and US assessment at two time points, i.e. at peak plasma drug concentration and at trough plasma drug concentration. US assessments were performed blindly to the anti-TNF agent, the administration time and the clinical and laboratory data. Twenty-eight joints were investigated for the presence and grade (0-3) of B-mode synovitis and synovial power Doppler signal. Global indices for B-mode synovitis (BSI) and Doppler synovitis (DSI) were calculated for 12 joints and for wrist-hand-ankle-foot joints. B-mode US remission was defined as a BSI<1 and Doppler US remission as a DSI<1.\nThere were no significant differences between the clinical, laboratory and B-mode and Doppler US parameters at peak time and trough time (P = 0.132-0.986). There were no significant differences between the proportion of patients with active disease and those in remission according to DAS28, SDAI, B-mode US and Doppler US at peak time and trough time assessments (P = 0.070-1).\n\nDoes ultrasound-scored synovitis depend on the pharmacokinetics of subcutaneous anti-TNF agents in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "f1fb2d1357baa1f2faf65aa22679258a" }, { "question": "The purpose of this study was to delineate early respiratory predictors of mortality in children with hemato-oncology malignancy who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).\nWe conducted a retrospective chart review of children with malignant and ARDS who needed mechanical ventilation and were admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit from January 1987 to January 1997.\nSeventeen children with ARDS and malignancy aged 10.5 +/- 5.1 years were identified. Six of the 17 children (35.3%) survived. Sepsis syndrome was present in 70.6% of all the children. Peak inspiratory pressure, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and ventilation index values could distinguish outcome by day 3. A significant relationship between respiratory data and outcome related to efficiency of oxygenation, as determined by PaO(2)/FIO(2) and P(A-a)O(2), was present from day 8 after onset of mechanical ventilation.\n\nAcute respiratory distress syndrome in children with malignancy--can we predict outcome?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "1d7d45079c7313f589e5508b8f854ac4" }, { "question": "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a patient-safety curriculum administered during a paediatric clerkship on medical students' attitudes towards patient safety.\nMedical students viewed an online video introducing them to systems-based analyses of medical errors. Faculty presented an example of a medication administration error and demonstrated use of the Learning From Defects tool to investigate the defect. Student groups identified and then analysed medication errors during their clinical rotation using the Learning From Defects framework to organise and present their findings. Outcomes included patient safety attitudinal changes, as measured by questions derived from the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire.\n108 students completed the curriculum between July 2008 and July 2009. All student groups (25 total) identified, analysed and presented patient safety concerns. Curriculum effectiveness was demonstrated by significant changes on questionnaire items related to patient safety attitudes. The majority of students felt that the curriculum was relevant to their clinical rotation and should remain part of the clerkship.\n\nCan teaching medical students to investigate medication errors change their attitudes towards patient safety?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "b34bd8abd6ad17a334f6718a90d28aae" }, { "question": "Although desflurane is commonly used to control surgically induced hypertension, its effects on left ventricular (LV) function have not been investigated in this clinical situation. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the LV function response to desflurane, when used to control intraoperative hypertension.\nIn 50 patients, scheduled for vascular surgery, anesthesia was induced with sufentanil 0.5 microg/kg, midazolam 0.3 mg/kg and atracurium 0.5 mg/kg. After tracheal intubation, anesthesia was maintained with increments of drugs with controlled ventilation (N2O/O2=60/40%) until the start of surgery. A 5 Mhz transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) probe was inserted after intubation. Pulmonary artery catheter and TEE measurements were obtained after induction (to)(control value), at surgical incision (t1) if it was associated with an increase in systolic arterial pressure (SAP) greater than 140 mmHg (hypertension) and after control of hemodynamic parameters by administration of desflurane (return of systolic arterial pressure to within 20% of the control value) (t2) in a fresh gas flow of 31/ min.\nSixteen patients developed hypertension at surgical incision. SAP was controlled by desflurane in all 16 patients. Afterload assessed by systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), end-systolic wall-stress (ESWS) and left-ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) increased with incision until the hypertension returned to post-induction values with mean end-tidal concentration of 5.1+/-0.7% desflurane. No change in heart rate, cardiac index, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, stroke volume, end-diastolic and end-systolic cross-sectional areas, fractional area change and left ventricular circumferential fiber shortening was noted when desflurane was added to restore blood pressure.\n\nDoes desflurane alter left ventricular function when used to control surgical stimulation during aortic surgery?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "0f3b3a3db893a9a65c18883a8bc9f2d2" }, { "question": "We explored whether QT corrected dispersion (QTcD) can identify left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in hypertensives.\nWe enrolled 100 hypertensive patients (study group) and 30 normotensive subjects (control group). Echocardiography was performed to measure left ventricular mass and left ventricular mass index. Electrocardiogram was performed to measure QTcD.\nLVH was present in 42 patients (42%) of the study group, none among controls. Hypertensive patients had significantly greater indices of LVH and QTcD compared with controls (p<0.001 for all). Similarly, among hypertensive patients, those with LVH had a significantly greater QTcD compared with those without (p<0.001). Pearson's correlation coefficient test demonstrated strongly positive correlations between QTcD and the indices of LVH (p<0.001 for all). Analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curves identified 60 ms as the optimal cut-off value of QTcD that best predicts LVH in hypertensives. Using this value, QTcD was able to predict LVH with a sensitivity of 92.9% and specificity 98.2%.\n\nWould corrected QT dispersion predict left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "65eda27460cda7d9836f712f4f8002db" }, { "question": "To compare in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes in low responders stimulated with microdose leuprolide protocol (ML) following pretreatment with either oral contraceptive pill (OCP) or luteal estradiol (E2) + GnRH antagonist (E2 + antag) for follicular synchronization prior to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH).\nThis was a retrospective study of 130 women, who were poor responders, undergoing IVF with either OCP/ML or E2+ antag/ML protocols. The main outcome measures were ongoing pregnancy rates, number of oocytes retrieved, and cancellation rate.\nBoth groups were similar in baseline characteristics. There were no significant differences in gonadotropin requirement, cancellation rate, and number of embryos transferred. Ongoing pregnancy rates (40% vs. 15%) were significantly higher in the OCP/ML group. Trends toward greater number of oocytes retrieved (7.7 \u00b1 3.4 vs. 5.9 \u00b1 4.2) and improved implantation rates (20% vs. 12%) were also noted, but these did not reach statistical significance.\n\nEstradiol and Antagonist Pretreatment Prior to Microdose Leuprolide in in Vitro Fertilization. Does It Improve IVF Outcomes in Poor Responders as Compared to Oral Contraceptive Pill?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "2984494210fbd24e2b9d4f8c4006dc9a" }, { "question": "Community-based medical education is growing to meet the increased demand for quality clinical education in expanded settings, and its sustainability relies on patient participation. This study investigated patients' views on being used as an educational resource for teaching medical students.\nQuestionnaire-based survey.\nPatients attending six rural and 11 regional general practices in New South Wales over 18 teaching sessions in November 2008, who consented to student involvement in their consultation.\nPatient perceptions, expectations and acceptance of medical student involvement in consultations, assessed by surveys before and after their consultations.\n118 of 122 patients consented to medical student involvement; of these, 117 (99%) completed a survey before the consultation, and 100 (85%) after the consultation. Patients were overwhelmingly positive about their doctor and practice being involved in student teaching and felt they themselves played an important role. Pre-consultation, patients expressed reluctance to allow students to conduct some or all aspects of the consultation independently. However, after the consultation, they reported they would have accepted higher levels of involvement than actually occurred.\n\nAre patients willing participants in the new wave of community-based medical education in regional and rural Australia?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "1465d2ad3f16ace6746a3d890980de46" }, { "question": "The clinical and prognostic value of the previous node classification of TNM staging in early gastric cancer (EGC) has been less definitive. The aim was to assess the suitability of the revised node staging for prediction of clinical behavior of EGC.\nBetween 2005 and 2008, 1,845 patients were diagnosed with EGC and underwent surgery at Severance Hospitals. Clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed with comparisons between sixth and seventh TNM staging.\nWhen comparing IB with IIA upstaged based on seventh staging, poor differentiation, signet ring cell, diffuse, undifferentiated types, perineural invasion (PNI), larger size and younger age, were more significantly associated with IIA. Clinicopathological factors were compared between N0/N1 and N2/N3 based on both staging. In mucosal cancer, younger age, diffuse and undifferentiated types were more significantly associated with N2/N3 based on seventh staging. In submucosal cancer, larger size, poor differentiation, signet ring cell, diffuse, undifferentiated types, PNI and deeper submucosal invasion, were more significantly associated with N2/N3 based on seventh staging.\n\nIs the 7th TNM edition suitable for biological predictor in early gastric cancer?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "bc220ea5e57dc9ba5d19772f545073ba" }, { "question": "To illustrate how maternal mortality audit identifies different causes of and contributing factors to maternal deaths in different settings in low- and high-income countries and how this can lead to local solutions in reducing maternal deaths.\nDescriptive study of maternal mortality from different settings and review of data on the history of reducing maternal mortality in what are now high-income countries.\nKalabo district in Zambia, Farafenni division in The Gambia, Onandjokwe district in Namibia, and the Netherlands.\nPopulation of rural areas in Zambia and The Gambia, peri-urban population in Namibia and nationwide data from The Netherlands.\nData from facility-based maternal mortality audits from three African hospitals and data from the latest confidential enquiry in The Netherlands.\nMaternal mortality ratio (MMR), causes (direct and indirect) and characteristics.\nMMR ranged from 10 per 100,000 (the Netherlands) to 1540 per 100,000 (The Gambia). Differences in causes of deaths were characterized by HIV/AIDS in Namibia, sepsis and HIV/AIDS in Zambia, (pre-)eclampsia in the Netherlands and obstructed labour in The Gambia.\n\nThe use of audit to identify maternal mortality in different settings: is it just a difference between the rich and the poor?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "aa8e515e815b32d334e3c0b38356de6e" }, { "question": "Sudden death in athletes can occur during sport activities and is presumably related to ventricular arrhythmias.\nTo investigate the long-term follow-up ofathletes with ventricular arrhythmias during an exercise test.\nFrom a database of 56,462 athletes we identified 192 athletes (35 years old who had ventricular arrhythmias during an exercise test. Ninety athletes had>or =3 ventricular premature beats (VPB) (group A) and 102 athletes had ventricular couplets or non-sustained ventricular tachycardia during an exercise test (group B). A control group of 92 athletesfrom without ventricular arrhythmias was randomly seleclted from the database (group C). Of the 192 athletes 39 returnied for a repeat exercise test after a mean follow-up period of 70 +/- 25 months and they constitute the study population.\nTwelve athletes from group A, 21 fromgroup B and 6 from group C returned for a repeat exercise test. The athletes reached a significantly lower peak heart rate during their follow-up exercise test (P = 0.001). More athletes were engaged in competitive sports during their initialexercise test than in the follow-up test (P = 0.021). Most of theathletes who had VPB and/orventricular couplets and/or NSVT during their initial exercise test had far fewer ventricular arrhythmias in the follow-up exercise test (P = 0.001).\n\nDo ventricular arrhythmias in athletes subside over time?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "21d6372a2eb43264c40194a47bc07f07" }, { "question": "To determine the effect of prior benign prostate biopsies on the surgical and clinical outcomes of patients treated with radical perineal prostatectomy for prostate cancer.\nA total of 1369 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer underwent radical prostatectomy by a single surgeon between 1991 and 2001. A subset of 203 patients (14.9%), who had undergone at least one prior benign prostate biopsy for a rising prostate-specific antigen and/or abnormal digital rectal examination, constituted our study population. A total of 1115 patients with no prior biopsy represented our control group. After prostatectomy, patients were evaluated at 6-month intervals for biochemical evidence of recurrence, defined as a prostate-specific antigen level of 0.5 ng/mL or greater.\nPatients with a prior benign biopsy had more favorable pathologic features with more organ-confined (74% versus 64%; P<0.001) and less margin-positive (9.8% versus 18%) disease. Only 24 patients (12%) in the study group (versus 20% in control group; P = 0.01) had eventual evidence of biochemical failure. Kaplan-Meier analyses suggested that patients with prior benign biopsies have improved biochemical disease-free survival, especially for those with more aggressive disease (Gleason sum 7 or greater; P<0.01). Overall, patients in the study group had lower probability (odds ratio 0.57, P<0.001) of biochemical failure compared with those in the control group.\n\nDoes prior benign prostate biopsy predict outcome for patients treated with radical perineal prostatectomy?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "76c5cc6de9adc8769d2a524a83577136" }, { "question": "To explore expressed needs, both formal and informal, of family caregivers of frail elderly. To evaluate roles of physicians.\nQuestionnaire survey of members of the Montreal Jewish community providing care for frail elderly family members.\nJewish community of Montreal.\nVolunteer caregivers who were caring for a family member or friend 60 years or older, who had greatest responsibility for providing physical or emotional support to an elderly person, who saw themselves as caregivers, and who could speak English or French were studied. Of 118 volunteers, 32 were excluded because they withdrew for personal reasons or because they did not meet study criteria.\nDemographic variables, functional status of the care receiver, use of home care services, and needs assessment to identify additional services.\nAn average of 75.4% respondents did not use formal support services. Just under half of caregivers were dissatisfied with the attention they received from the health care system, and more than one third expressed feelings of stress, depression, guilt, and isolation.\n\nAre physicians meeting the needs of family caregivers of the frail elderly?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "9d0c8159cfc053e74ffd8377b8c3c2c2" }, { "question": "Because of the inflammatory nature of Crohn's disease, ileocolic resections are often difficult to perform, especially if an abscess, phlegmon, or recurrent disease at a previous ileocolic anastomosis is present. Our goal was to determine whether the above factors are contraindications to a successful laparoscopic-assisted ileocolic resection.\nBetween 1992 and 1996, 46 laparoscopic-assisted ileocolic resections were attempted. Fourteen patients had an abscess or phlegmon treated with bowel rest before operation (group I), 10 patients had recurrent Crohn's disease at the previous ileocolic anastomosis (group II), and 22 patients had no previous operation and no phlegmon or abscess associated with their disease (group III). These groups were compared with each other and with 70 consecutive open ileocolic resections for Crohn's disease during the same time period (group IV).\nOperative blood loss and time were greater in group IV than in groups I, II, and III (245 versus 151, 131, and 195 ml, respectively, and 202 versus 152, 144, and 139 minutes, respectively). Conversion to open procedure occurred in 5 patients (group I, 1 [7%]; group II, 2 [20%]; group III, 2 [9%]). Morbidity was highest in group IV (21% versus 0%, 10%, and 10%, respectively). Only one patient died (group IV, 1%). Length of hospital stay was longest in group IV (7.9 versus 4.8, 3.9, and 4.5 days, respectively).\n\nLaparoscopic-assisted ileocolic resections in patients with Crohn's disease: are abscesses, phlegmons, or recurrent disease contraindications?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "bd859511de0bedefb3b6f26df8fb88f3" }, { "question": "1,412 individuals attending the University of Queensland's School of Dentistry were assessed for the prevalence of periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Analysis of data obtained from a self-reported health questionnaire and dental records was carried out and included: number of individuals referred for advanced periodontal care (test group); number of individuals attending for routine dentistry; determination of rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus through self-reporting and assessment of prescription medications; assessment of periodontal disease through assessment of existing oral radiographs.\nIn patients referred for periodontal treatment, the prevalence of self-reported rheumatoid arthritis was 3.95% which is significantly higher than that seen in patients not referred for periodontal treatment (0.66%) and also that reported in the general population (1%). Of those referred patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 62.5% had advanced forms of periodontal disease. These results were mirrored in the results of the self-reported prevalence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus which was consistent with the published higher prevalence in periodontal patients.\n\nIs there a relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and periodontal disease?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "1c98a2af8ce1b0e18f58192b4e7d49eb" }, { "question": "This study was performed to describe the treatment plan modifications after a geriatric oncology clinic. Assessment of health and functional status and cancer assessment was performed in older cancer patients referred to a cancer center.\nBetween June 2004 and May 2005, 105 patients 70 years old or older referred to a geriatric oncology consultation at the Institut Curie cancer center were included. Functional status, nutritional status, mood, mobility, comorbidity, medication, social support, and place of residence were assessed. Oncology data and treatment decisions were recorded before and after this consultation. Data were analyzed for a possible correlation between one domain of the assessment and modification of the treatment plan.\nPatient characteristics included a median age of 79 years and a predominance of women with breast cancer. About one half of patients had an independent functional status. Nearly 15% presented severe undernourishment. Depression was suspected in 53.1% of cases. One third of these patients had>2 chronic diseases, and 74% of patients took>or =3 medications. Of the 93 patients with an initial treatment decision, the treatment plan was modified for 38.7% of cases after this assessment. Only body mass index and the absence of depressive symptoms were associated with a modification of the treatment plan.\n\nDoes a geriatric oncology consultation modify the cancer treatment plan for elderly patients?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "1c45173a0cfc91eeae0d111c6c5a3d57" }, { "question": "A short course of systemic corticosteroids is an important therapy in the treatment of pediatric asthma exacerbations. Although a 5-day course of oral prednisone or prednisolone has become the most commonly used regimen, dexamethasone has also been used for a shorter duration (1-2 days) with potential for improvement in compliance and palatability. We reviewed the literature to determine if there is sufficient evidence that dexamethasone can be used as an effective alternative in the treatment of pediatric asthma exacerbations in the inpatient setting.\nA Medline search was conducted on the use of dexamethasone in the treatment of asthma exacerbations in children. The studies selected were clinical trials comparing the efficacy of dexamethasone with prednisone. Meta-analysis was performed examining physician revisitation rates and symptomatic return to baseline.\nSix completed pediatric clinical trials met the inclusion criteria. All of the pediatric trials found that prednisone is not superior to dexamethasone in treating mild to moderate asthma exacerbations. Meta-analysis demonstrated homogeneity between the dexamethasone and prednisone groups when examining symptomatic return to baseline and unplanned physician revisits after the initial emergency department encounter. Some studies found potential additional benefits of dexamethasone, including improved compliance and less vomiting.\n\nIs dexamethasone an effective alternative to oral prednisone in the treatment of pediatric asthma exacerbations?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "8f9a41c219def7b7266e61177749eef0" }, { "question": "Group B Streptococci (GBS) asymptomatically colonize the vaginal or rectal areas of about 20% of pregnant women (4-40%). About 50% of infants to mothers with GBS colonization also become colonized at rectal, umbilical or oral sites. GBS is a leading bacterial cause of neonatal illness and death. The present prevalence rate of GBS carriers among parturients in the western Galilee in Israel is unknown.AIM: A prospective study of the GBS carrier rate according to origin and gestational age in the western Galilee in Israel.\nA prospective study including 700 pregnant women. All women were screened for carriage of GBS by vaginal and rectal cultures.\nSixteen percent of the parturients were found to be GBS colonized. The prevalence of GBS was 13.7% in Jewish women and 19% in Arab women, P=0.038. The women were also divided into two groups according to the gestational age one group included 414 women in 24-37 weeks gestation, and the other group included 286 women in term pregnancy. No difference was found in the rate of GBS carriers between the two gestational age groups.\n\nIs there an increase in the incidence of gbs carrier rates among pregnant women in northern Israel?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "a56211eb9a8abe1fba38b643d71b68f0" }, { "question": "This study aims to study femoral tunnel lengths drilled with a flexible reamer and the distance to important lateral structures obtained by flexing the knee at various angles and by drilling the guide pins arthroscopically to resemble clinical practice. The purpose of this cadaveric study was twofold: 1. to determine whether femoral tunnel lengths of greater than 20 mm can be created with a flexible reamer system at 90 \u00b0 of knee flexion and 2. to determine whether the lateral structures of the knee are safe with this technique.\nTen fresh cadaveric knees were utilized. The intra-osseous length can be measured with a specially de - signed flexible guide pin. Flexible pins were inserted with the knee at 70\u00b0, 90\u00b0, and 120\u00b0 of flexion. The intra-osseous length was measured with the measuring device. Each speci - men was dissected around the lateral aspect of the knee to identify the critical structures, the common peroneal nerve, and the LCL. The distance from the guide pins to the com - mon peroneal nerve and femoral attachment of the LCL were measured with a standard flexible paper ruler to the nearest millimeter.\nThere is a trend for progressively increasing mean intra-osseous length associated with increased flexion of the knee. The mean intra-osseous length for 70\u00b0 flexion was 25.2 mm (20 mm to 32 mm), which was statistically significant when compared to mean intra-osseous lengths of 32.1 mm (22 mm to 45 mm) and 38.0 mm (34 mm to 45 mm) in the 90\u00b0 and 120\u00b0 flexion groups, respectively (p<0.05). There were no significant differences among the groups with respect to distance to the LCL. There is a trend toward longer distances to the common peroneal nerve with increased flexion. There was a statistically significant dif - ference when comparing 120\u00b0 versus 70\u00b0 (p<0.05).\n\nCan Flexible Instruments Create Adequate Femoral Tunnel Lengths at 90\u00b0 of Knee Flexion in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "877cf907d39f838f3c291e0b698e0a3f" }, { "question": "To examine the relationship between exposure to pro-smoking messages in media and susceptibility to smoking adoption among middle school students. The hypothesis that parental restriction of R-rated movie viewing is associated with lower adolescent smoking susceptibility was tested.\nA sample of 1687 6th-, 7th-, and 8th-grade students from four Wisconsin middle schools were surveyed about their use of cigarettes, exposure to smoking in media, their views of smoking, and peer smoking behaviors.\nAn index of smoking susceptibility was created using measures of cigarette use and future intention to smoke. A zero-order correlation for parental restriction of R-rated movie viewing and smoking susceptibility showed a strong association (r = -.36, p<.001). A hierarchical logistic regression yielded odds ratios (ORs) for being susceptible to or having tried smoking for three levels of parental R-rated movie restriction. Results show that compared to full restriction, respondents with partial or no restriction were more likely to be susceptible to smoking (partial restriction: OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.5-2.8; no restriction: OR = 3.3, 95% CI = 2.3-4.6), when controlling for demographic factors, and family and friend smoking. Analyses using a measure of smoking prevalence as the dependent variable yielded similar results (partial restriction: OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.0-2.2; no restriction: OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.7-3.7).\n\nCigarettes and cinema: does parental restriction of R-rated movie viewing reduce adolescent smoking susceptibility?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "22d713d04208bdbd9c3c2e05c68f4249" }, { "question": "This study represents a subset of a complete data set, considering only those children aged admitted to the Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Nephrology Clinics during the period January 2011 to July 2012.\nIn this study, we have determined that the QT interval changes significantly depending on the use of oxybutynin. The QT changes increased cardiac arrhythmia in children.\n\nDoes oxybutynin hydrochloride cause arrhythmia in children with bladder dysfunction?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "836a7105998b3571133dce7797b0da43" }, { "question": "To assess the acceptability to patients of the use of patients' first names by doctors and doctors' first names by patients in general practice.\nAn administered questionnaire survey.\n5 General practices in Lothian.\n475 Patients consulting 30 general practitioners.\nResponse by patients to questionnaire on attitude to use of first names.\nMost of the patients either liked (223) or did not mind (175) being called by their first names. Only 77 disliked it, most of whom were aged over 65. Most patients (324) did not, however, want to call the doctor by his or her first name.\n\nShould general practitioners call patients by their first names?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "36b89f78fbbd1eb10a7dbb9ed2a77256" }, { "question": "All currently available atypical antipsychotics have, at clinically relevant doses: i) high serotonin (5-HT)2 occupancy; ii) greater 5-HT2 than dopamine (D)2 occupancy; and iii) a higher incidence of extrapyramidal side effects when their D2 occupancy exceeds 80%. A review of pharmacologic and behavioral data suggested that amoxapine should also conform to this profile; therefore, we undertook a positron-emission tomography (PET) study of its 5-HT2 and D2 occupancy.\nSeven healthy volunteers received 50-250 mg/day of amoxapine for 5 days and then had [11C]-raclopride and [18F]-setoperone PET scans.\n5-HT2 receptors showed near saturation at doses of 100 mg/day and above. The D2 receptor occupancies showed a dose-dependent increase, never exceeding 80%; at all doses 5-HT2 occupancy exceeded D2 occupancy.\n\nIs amoxapine an atypical antipsychotic?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "bee6e7f5307803ef0ebbce7280d183c5" }, { "question": ": A previous hip fracture more than doubles the risk of a contralateral hip fracture. Pharmacologic and environmental interventions to prevent hip fracture have documented poor compliance. The purpose of this study was to examine the cost-effectiveness of prophylactic fixation of the uninjured hip to prevent contralateral hip fracture.\n: A Markov state-transition model was used to evaluate the cost and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) for unilateral fixation of hip fracture alone (including internal fixation or arthroplasty) compared with unilateral fixation and contralateral prophylactic hip fixation performed at the time of hip fracture or unilateral fixation and bilateral hip pad protection. Prophylactic fixation involved placement of a cephalomedullary nail in the uninjured hip and was initially assumed to have a relative risk of a contralateral fracture of 1%. Health states included good health, surgery-related complications requiring a second operation (infection, osteonecrosis, nonunion, and malunion), fracture of the uninjured hip, and death. The primary outcome measure was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio estimated as cost per QALY gained in 2006 US dollars with incremental cost-effectiveness ratios below $50,000 per QALY gained considered cost-effective. Sensitivity analyses evaluated the impact of patient age, annual mortality and complication rates, intervention effectiveness, utilities, and costs on the value of prophylactic fixation.\n: In the baseline analysis, in a 79-year-old woman, prophylactic fixation was not found to be cost-effective (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio = $142,795/QALY). However, prophylactic fixation was found to be a cost-effective method to prevent contralateral hip fracture in: 1) women 71 to 75 years old who had 30% greater relative risk for a contralateral fracture; and 2) women younger than age 70 years. Cost-effectiveness was greater when the additional costs of prophylaxis were less than $6000. However, for most analyses, the success of prophylactic fixation was highly sensitive to the effectiveness and the relative morbidity and mortality of the additional procedure.\n\nIs prophylactic fixation a cost-effective method to prevent a future contralateral fragility hip fracture?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "maybe" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "009f80d62af99c4b24920ab1a6e1f423" }, { "question": "The placement of the superficial cervical plexus block has been the subject of controversy. Although the investing cervical fascia has been considered as an impenetrable barrier, clinically, the placement of the block deep or superficial to the fascia provides the same effective anesthesia. The underlying mechanism is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the three-dimensional organization of connective tissues in the anterior region of the neck.\nUsing a combination of dissection, E12 sheet plastination, and confocal microscopy, fascial structures in the anterior cervical triangle were examined in 10 adult human cadavers.\nIn the upper cervical region, the fascia of strap muscles in the middle and the fasciae of the submandibular glands on both sides formed a dumbbell-like fascia sheet that had free lateral margins and did not continue with the sternocleidomastoid fascia. In the lower cervical region, no single connective tissue sheet extended directly between the sternocleidomastoid muscles. The fascial structure deep to platysma in the anterior cervical triangle comprised the strap fascia.\n\nDoes the investing layer of the deep cervical fascia exist?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "606972407f60d3d826377b5abef4c001" }, { "question": "To examine longitudinal patterns in body mass index (BMI) over 14 years and its association with knee pain in the Chingford Study.\nWe studied a total of 594 women with BMI data from clinic visits at years (Y) 1, 5, 10, and 15. Knee pain at Y15 was assessed by questionnaire. Associations between BMI over 14 years and knee pain at Y15 were examined using logistic regression.\nBMI significantly increased from Y1 to Y15 (P<0.0005) with medians (interquartile ranges) of 24.5 kg/m(2) (22.5-27.2 kg/m(2) ) and 26.5 kg/m(2) (23.9-30.1 kg/m(2) ), respectively. At Y15, 45.1% of subjects had knee pain. A greater BMI at Y1 (odds ratio [OR] 1.34, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]1.05-1.69), at Y15 (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.10-1.61), and change in BMI over 15 years (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.00-1.93) were significant predictors of knee pain at Y15 (P<0.05). BMI change was associated with bilateral (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.05-1.76, P = 0.024) but not unilateral knee pain (OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.73-1.76, P = 0.298). The association between BMI change and knee pain was independent of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA). The strength of association between BMI and knee pain at Y15 was similar during followup measurements.\n\nDoes obesity predict knee pain over fourteen years in women, independently of radiographic changes?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "1ee8027a9f69b07296a2b5ca91e87e7b" }, { "question": "Rates of relapse and predictive relapse factors were studied over more than 4 years in a sample of Spanish outpatients with DSM-III-R criteria for unipolar major depressive episode.\nA final sample of 139 outpatient was followed monthly in a naturalistic study. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R was used. Phases of evolution were recorded using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, applying the Frank criteria. Survival analysis, Kaplan-Meier product limit and proportional hazards models were used.\nA higher rate of relapses was observed in the partial remission group (91.4%) compared to the complete remission one (51.3%). The four factors with predictive relapse value were: \"partial remission versus complete remission\", \"the intensity of clinical symptoms\", \"the age\" and \"the number of previous depressive episodes\". The existence of partial remission was the most powerful predictive factor.\nThe decreasing sample size during the follow-up and the difficulty in warranting the treatment compliance.\n\nIs the type of remission after a major depressive episode an important risk factor to relapses in a 4-year follow up?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "18310d80715822f0d0ecf877564860ec" }, { "question": "To determine the prevalence and nature of global cognitive dysfunction and language deficits in an unselected population based cohort of patients with motor neuron disease (MND).\nA battery of neuropsychological and language tests was administered to patients presenting consecutively over a 3 year period to a regional neurology service with a new diagnosis of sporadic motor neuron disease.\nThe 18 patients could be divided on the basis of their performance into three groups: Three patients were demented and had impaired language function (group 1); two non-demented patients had an aphasic syndrome characterised by word finding difficulties and anomia (group 2). Major cognitive deficits were therefore found in five of the 18 patients (28%). The remaining 13 performed normally on the test battery apart from decreased verbal fluency (group 3).\n\nDementia and aphasia in motor neuron disease: an underrecognised association?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "8e3a8d93fb44150abb389bd6f4e1ef60" }, { "question": "Home blood pressure (BP) monitoring is gaining increasing popularity among patients and may be useful in hypertension management. Little is known about the reliability of stroke patients' records of home BP monitoring.\nTo assess the reliability of home BP recording in hypertensive patients who had suffered a recent stroke or transient ischaemic attack.\nThirty-nine stroke patients (mean age 73 years) randomized to the intervention arm of a trial of home BP monitoring were included. Following instruction by a research nurse, patients recorded their BPs at home and documented them in a booklet over the next year. The booklet readings over a month were compared with the actual readings downloaded from the BP monitor and were checked for errors or selective bias in recording.\nA total of 1027 monitor and 716 booklet readings were recorded. Ninety per cent of booklet recordings were exactly the same as the BP monitor readings. Average booklet readings were 0.6 mmHg systolic [95% confidence interval (95% CI) -0.6 to 1.8] and 0.3 mmHg diastolic (95% CI -0.3 to 0.8) lower than those on the monitor.\n\nAre stroke patients' reports of home blood pressure readings reliable?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "a091a6afd3b668ebddd58d471fe15479" }, { "question": "The purpose of this study was to search for evidence of an association between occupational arsenic exposure and diabetes mellitus, as implied by the relation of this disease to arsenic in drinking water in a recent study from Taiwan.\nA case-referent analysis on death records of 5498 individuals in the art glass producing part of southeastern Sweden was performed. Out of all the enrolled subjects, 888 were glass workers. According to occupational title, glassblowers, foundry workers, and unspecified workers were regarded as potentially exposed to arsenic. Persons with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus either as an underlying or contributing cause of death were considered cases. Referents were decedents without any indication of cancer, cardiovascular disease, or diabetes.\nA slightly elevated risk [Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio (MH-OR) 1.2, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.82-1.8] was found for diabetes mellitus among the glassworks employees, especially in combination with cardiovascular disease (MH-OR 1.4, 95% CI 0.81-2.3). For the glassblowers, other foundry workers and unspecified glassworkers probably exposed to arsenic, the M-H odds ratio was 1.4 (95% CI 0.92-2.2). Unspecified glass workers, who probably included persons with high exposure, carried the higher risk (MH-OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-2.8).\n\nDiabetes mellitus among Swedish art glass workers--an effect of arsenic exposure?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "566a456613a178c18595154c5af46068" }, { "question": "Testosterone measurement by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is well accepted as the preferred technique for the analysis of testosterone. Variation is seen between assays and this may be due to differences in calibration as commercial calibrators for this assay are not readily available. We investigated the effects calibration in routine clinical LC-MS/MS assays.\nAll LC-MS/MS users that were registered with the UKNEQAS external quality assurance scheme for testosterone were invited to take part in the study. A set of seven serum samples and serum-based calibrators were sent to all laboratories that expressed an interest. The laboratories were instructed to analyse all samples using there own calibrators and return the results and a method questionnaire for analysis.\nFifteen laboratories took part in the study. There was no consensus on supplier of testosterone or matrix for the preparation of calibrators and all were prepared in-house. Also, a wide variety of mass spectrometers, internal standards, chromatography conditions and sample extractions were used. The variation in results did not improve when the results were corrected with a common calibrator.\n\nIs calibration the cause of variation in liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry testosterone measurement?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "d153c042ed471f8e94912c4ab4265aa6" }, { "question": "To determine the effect of the 2008 English public antibiotic campaigns.\nEnglish and Scottish (acting as controls) adults aged>or = 15 years were questioned face to face about their attitudes to and use of antibiotics, in January 2008 (1888) before and in January 2009 (1830) after the antibiotic campaigns.\nAmong English respondents, there was a small increase in recollection of campaign posters (2009 23.7% versus 2008 19.2%; P = 0.03), but this increase was only 2.3% higher in England than in Scotland. We did not detect any improvement in either England or Scotland, or any differences between England and Scotland in the understanding of the lack of benefit of antibiotics for coughs and colds, and we found no improvement in antibiotic use. We detected a significant increase in respondents retaining leftover antibiotics. Over 20% reported discussing antibiotics with their general practitioner (GP) or nurse in the year to January 2009. The offer of a delayed antibiotic prescription was reported significantly more often by English respondents (19% versus 8% Scottish in 2009; P = 0.01), and English respondents were advised to use other remedies for coughs and colds significantly more often in the year to January 2009 (12.7% in 2009 versus 7.4% in 2008; P<0.001).\n\nThe English antibiotic awareness campaigns: did they change the public's knowledge of and attitudes to antibiotic use?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "898809b3adf03b3fb295211820f684e2" }, { "question": "Reconstruction of the joint line is crucial in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). A routine height of tibial cut to maintain the natural joint line may compromise the preservation of the PCL. Since the PCL footprint is not accessible prior to tibial osteotomy, it seems beneficial to identify a reliable extraarticular anatomic landmark for predicting the PCL footprint and being visible within standard TKA approach. The fibula head predicts reliably the location of PCL footprint; however, it is not accessible during TKA. The aim of this study now was to analyze whether the tibial tuberosity can serve as a reliable referencing landmark to estimate the PCL footprint height prior to tibial cut.\nThe first consecutive case series included 216 CR TKA. Standing postoperative lateral view radiographs were utilized to measure the vertical distance between tibial tuberosity and tibial osteotomy plane. In the second case series, 223 knee MRIs were consecutively analyzed to measure the vertical distance between tibial tuberosity and PCL footprint. The probability of partial or total PCL removal was calculated for different vertical distances between tibial tuberosity and tibial cutting surface.\nThe vertical distance between the tibial tuberosity and tibial cut averaged 24.7 \u00b1 4 mm. The average vertical distance from tibial tuberosity to proximal and to distal PCL footprint was found to be 22 \u00b1 4.4 and 16 \u00b1 4.4 mm, respectively. Five knees were considered at 50% risk of an entire PCL removal after CR TKA.\n\nPreservation of the PCL when performing cruciate-retaining TKA: Is the tibial tuberosity a reliable predictor of the PCL footprint location?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "8879b8c80c3f2fc0c5a63e0246478411" }, { "question": "To show the results of treating posterior uveal melanomas with 106Ru plaque beta-ray radiotherapy and to review and discuss the literature concerning the optimal apical dose prescription (100 vs. 160 Gy).\nForty-eight patients with uveal melanomas (median height 3.85 mm + 1 mm sclera) were treated with ruthenium plaques. The median apical dose was 120 Gy, the median scleral dose 546 Gy.\nAfter 5.8 years of follow-up, the overall 5-year survival rate was 90%, the disease specific 5-year survival rate was 92% (3 patients alive with metastasis). Six percent received a second ruthenium application, 10% of the eyes had to be enucleated. Local control was achieved in 90% of the patients with conservative therapy alone. Central or paracentral tumors showed 50% of the pretherapeutic vision after 4 years, and 80% of the vision was preserved in those with peripheral tumors. The main side effects were mostly an uncomplicated retinopathy (30%); macular degeneration or scarring led to poor central vision in 30% of cases.\n\nDoes escalation of the apical dose change treatment outcome in beta-radiation of posterior choroidal melanomas with 106Ru plaques?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "9e8ff0fd19060540affaf05de72c931d" }, { "question": "Recent studies have implicated the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) as a possible pathogen for causing hypertension. We aimed to study the association between HCMV infection and hypertension in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).\nWe analyzed data on 2979 men and 3324 women in the NHANES 1999-2002. We included participants aged 16-49 years who had valid data on HCMV infection and hypertension.\nOf the participants, 54.7% had serologic evidence of HCMV infection and 17.5% had hypertension. There were ethnic differences in the prevalence of HCMV infection (P<0.001) and hypertension (P<0.001). The prevalence of both increased with age (P<0.001). Before adjustment, HCMV seropositivity was significantly associated with hypertension in women (OR=1.63, 95% CI=1.25-2.13, P=0.001) but not in men. After adjustment for race/ethnicity, the association between HCMV seropositivity and hypertension in women remained significant (OR=1.55, 95% CI=1.20-2.02, P=0.002). Further adjustment for body mass index, diabetes status and hypercholesterolemia attenuated the association (OR=1.44, 95% CI=1.10-1.90, P=0.010). However, after adjusting for age, the association was no longer significant (OR=1.24, 95% CI=0.91-1.67, P=0.162).\n\nIs human cytomegalovirus infection associated with hypertension?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "0d8a0540082ffdce2fe7917c49a11132" }, { "question": "To define the concentrations of inhibin in serum and tissue of patients with hydatidiform mole and assess their value as a clinical marker of the condition.\nProspective study of new patients with hydatidiform mole, comparison of paired observations, and case-control analysis.\nA university hospital, two large public hospitals, and a private women's clinic in Japan.\nSeven consecutive referred patients seen over four months with newly diagnosed complete hydatidiform mole, including one in whom the mole was accompanied by viable twin fetuses (case excluded from statistical analysis because of unique clinical features). All patients followed up for six months after evacuation of molar tissue.\nCorrelation of serum inhibin concentrations with trophoblastic disease.\nSerum concentrations of inhibin, human chorionic gonadotrophin, and follicle stimulating hormone were compared before and seven to 10 days after evacuation of the mole. Before evacuation the serum inhibin concentrations (median 8.3 U/ml; 95% confidence interval 2.4 to 34.5) were significantly greater than in 21 normal women at the same stage of pregnancy (2.8 U/ml; 2.1 to 3.6), and inhibin in molar tissue was also present in high concentrations (578 U/ml cytosol; 158 to 1162). Seven to 10 days after evacuation inhibin concentrations in serum samples from the same patients declined significantly to values (0.4 U/ml; 0.1 to 1.4) similar to those seen in the follicular phase of normal menstrual cycles. None of the four patients whose serum inhibin concentrations were 0.4 U/ml or less after evacuation developed persistent trophoblastic disease. Though serum human chorionic gonadotrophin concentrations declined after evacuation (6.6 x 10(3) IU/l; 0.8 x 10(3) to 32.6 x 10(3], they remained far higher than in non-pregnant women. Serum follicle stimulating hormone concentrations remained suppressed.\n\nInhibin: a new circulating marker of hydatidiform mole?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "45c3dcf142fe0d06e657f85060a79615" }, { "question": "Evidence suggests substantial comorbidity between symptoms of somatization and depression in clinical as well as nonclinical populations. However, as most existing research has been retrospective or cross-sectional in design, very little is known about the specific nature of this relationship. In particular, it is unclear whether somatic complaints may heighten the risk for the subsequent development of depressive symptoms.\nWe report findings on the link between symptoms of somatization (assessed using the SCL-90-R) and depression 5 years later (assessed using the CES-D) in an initially healthy cohort of community adults, based on prospective data from the RENO Diet-Heart Study.\nGender-stratified multiple regression analyses revealed that baseline CES-D scores were the best predictors of subsequent depressive symptoms for men and women. Baseline scores on the SCL-90-R somatization subscale significantly predicted subsequent self-reported symptoms of depressed mood 5 years later, but only in women. However, somatic complaints were a somewhat less powerful predictor than income and age.\n\nDo somatic complaints predict subsequent symptoms of depression?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "maybe" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "bef3de85d670d6b7ce9ead98701b8ee7" }, { "question": "Type 2 diabetes may be present for several years before diagnosis, by which time many patients have already developed diabetic complications. Earlier detection and treatment may reduce this burden, but evidence to support this approach is lacking.\nGlycemic control and clinical and surrogate outcomes were compared for 5,088 of 5,102 U.K. Diabetes Prospective Study participants according to whether they had low (<140 mg/dl [<7.8 mmol/l]), intermediate (140 to<180 mg/dl [7.8 to<10.0 mmol/l]), or high (>or =180 mg/dl [>or =10 mmol/l]) fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels at diagnosis. Individuals who presented with and without diabetic symptoms were also compared.\nFewer people with FPG in the lowest category had retinopathy, abnormal biothesiometer measurements, or reported erectile dysfunction. The rate of increase in FPG and HbA(1c) during the study was identical in all three groups, although absolute differences persisted. Individuals in the low FPG group had a significantly reduced risk for each predefined clinical outcome except stroke, whereas those in the intermediate group had significantly reduced risk for each outcome except stroke and myocardial infarction. The low and intermediate FPG groups had a significantly reduced risk for progression of retinopathy, reduction in vibration sensory threshold, or development of microalbuminuria.\n\nAre lower fasting plasma glucose levels at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes associated with improved outcomes?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "07bc23b5553d12d04f63b1b6c049d937" }, { "question": "The validity of quality of care measurement has important implications for practicing clinicians, their patients, and all involved with health care delivery. We used empirical data from managed care patients enrolled in west coast physician organizations to test the hypothesis that observed changes in health-related quality of life across a 2.5-year window reflecting process of care.DATA SOURCES/\nPatient self-report data as well as clinically detailed medical record review regarding 963 patients with chronic disease associated with managed care from three west coast states.\nProspective cohort study of change in health-related quality of life scores across 30 months as measured by change in SF-12 physical component scores.DATA COLLECTION/\nPatient self-report and medical record abstraction.\nWe found a positive relationship between better process scores and higher burden of illness (p<.05). After adjustment for burden of illness, using an instrumental variables approach revealed better process is associated with smaller declines in SF-12 scores across a 30-month observation window (p=.014). The application of the best quartile of process of care to patients currently receiving poor process is associated with a 4.24 increment in delta SF-12-physical component summary scores.\n\nDoes ambulatory process of care predict health-related quality of life outcomes for patients with chronic disease?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "a765d9dd95a7089133982034a45a6ee3" }, { "question": "Dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) commonly cause weakness of the thigh muscles. However, it is debated whether DM and PM affect similar thigh muscles. Muscle oedema on fat-suppressed MRI sequences is thought to represent active inflammation. In this study, we aimed to assess which thigh muscle groups are preferentially inflamed in DM and PM, respectively, using short-tau inversion-recovery MRI sequences.\nWe analysed 71 patients from 2 Rheumatology centres, 31 with DM and 40 with PM diagnosed according to the Bohan and Peter criteria. MRI oedema (1=present, 0=absent) was assessed bilaterally on fat-suppressed sequences in 17 pelvic floor and thigh muscles. An MRI oedema score (range 0-17) was calculated by adding the separate scores bilaterally and dividing them by two. Inter-rater variability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient. Fisher's exact test was used to compare binomial data.\nAge and gender ratio were similar in patients with DM and PM. Disease duration (months, mean\u00b1SD) was shorter (20\u00b131) in DM than in PM (53\u00b169) (p=0.02). The intraclass correlation coefficient between the radiologists involved was 0.78. Muscle oedema was more common in DM than in PM except in the posterior thigh muscles. In particular, 68% of patients with DM had involvement of at least one anterior thigh muscle versus 38% of patients with PM (p=0.02).\n\nDo dermatomyositis and polymyositis affect similar thigh muscles?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "99300ecfca7e2588e7f06f7f78594b5f" }, { "question": "To determine whether the OraQuick\u00ae HIV-1/2 Assay (OraSure Technologies, Inc., Bethlehem, PA, USA) in sputum is a valid tool for HIV surveillance among TB patients.\nA cross sectional study was carried out on sputa of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis. Sputa were tested for antibodies to HIV using OraQuick\u00ae HIV-1/2 Assay (OraSure Technologies, Inc., Bethlehem, PA, USA). The results were compared with results of serum ELISA.\nCompared to serum ELISA, the OraQuick\u00ae HIV-1/2 Assay in sputum specimens reported 90% sensitivity (9/10) and 100% specificity (307/307), with a positive predictive value of 100% (95%CI: 66.37%-100.00%) and a negative predictive value of 99.68% (95%CI: 98.20%-99.99%).\n\nAn HIV1/2 point of care test on sputum for screening TB/HIV co-infection in Central India - Will it work?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "8f4575f6a9526ae51cdfb93c78ed2b4f" }, { "question": "Cholecystectomy for GB polyps that are larger than 10 mm is generally recommended because of the high probability of neoplasm. In contrast, a follow-up strategy is preferred for GB polyps smaller than 10 mm. However, there are no treatment guidelines for polyps that grow in size during the follow-up period.STUDY: We retrospectively investigated 145 patients with GB polyps who underwent at least 1 ultrasonographic follow-up examination over an interval greater than 6 months, before cholecystectomy at Samsung medical center, South Korea, from 1994 to 2007. The growth rate was determined based on the change in size per time interval between 2 ultrasonographic examinations (mm/mo).\nThe median age of the patients was 48 years (range: 25 to 75). One hundred twenty-five non-neoplastic polyps and 20 neoplastic polyps were found. Neoplastic polyps were more frequently found in patients older than 60 years, those with hypertension, a polyp size greater than 10 mm, and a rapid growth rate greater than 0.6 mm/mo. On multivariate analysis, however, the growth rate was not related to the neoplastic nature of a polyp, but older age (>60 y) and large size (>10 mm) were significantly associated with neoplastic polyps.\n\nCan the growth rate of a gallbladder polyp predict a neoplastic polyp?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "2c20017105f370b4769ce3f7bb2e25dd" }, { "question": "Adults with a mild intellectual disability (ID) often show poor decoding and reading comprehension skills. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of teaching text comprehension strategies to these adults. Specific research goals were to determine (1) the effects of two instruction conditions, i.e. strategy instruction to individuals and strategy instruction in small groups in a reciprocal teaching context; (2) intervention programme effects on specific strategy tests (so-called direct effects), and possible differences between strategies; (3) (long-term) transfer effects of the programme on general reading comprehension ability; and (4) the regression of general text comprehension by the variables of technical reading, IQ, reading comprehension of sentences (RCS), and pretest and posttest scores on the strategies taught.\nIn total, 38 adults (age range 20-72 years; mean age of 36 years) with ID participated in the study. IQs ranged from 45 to 69 with a mean IQ of 58. The intervention programme involved 15 weekly lessons of 1 h each, taught during 3 months. Blocks of lessons included each of Brown and Palincsar's strategies of summarizing, questioning, clarifying and predicting, as participants read and studied narrative and expository texts.\nResults indicated no significant difference between group and individual instruction conditions. Second, direct programme effects - as determined by posttest-pretest contrasts for strategy tests - were substantial, except for the questioning strategy. Third, even more substantial was the transfer effect to general text comprehension. Moreover, the results on this test were well maintained at a follow-up test. Finally, the variance of general reading comprehension ability was best explained by the test of RCS, and only moderately by the strategies trained.\n\nAdults with mild intellectual disabilities: can their reading comprehension ability be improved?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "360a5da78ae2abd1278198e20abfee58" }, { "question": "Despite rapid adoption of the Hirsch index (h-index) as a measure of academic success, the correlations between the h-index and other metrics of productivity remain poorly understood. The aims of this study were to determine whether h-indices were associated with greater National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding success among academic radiologists.\nUsing the Scopus database, h-indices were calculated for a random sample of academic radiologists with the rank of professor. Using the NIH tool Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools Expenditures and Reports, we determined the number, classification, and total years of NIH grant funding as principal investigator for each radiologist. Differences in h-index, sorted by funding status, were determined using Wilcoxon's tests. Associations between h-index and funding status were determined using logistic regression. Significant correlations between h-index and grant metrics were determined using Spearman's \u03c1.\nAmong 210 professors of radiology, 48 (23%) secured at least one NIH grant. The mean h-index was significantly higher among individuals who secured at least one NIH grant (19.1) compared to those who did not (10.4) (P<.0001). Professors with h-indices<10 compared to those with h-indices>10 were significantly less likely to receive NIH funding (odds ratio, 0.07; P = .0321). However, h-indices>10 were not significantly predictive of greater funding. No significant relationships were observed between h-index and the number of grant awards, years of prior funding, the amounts of grant awards, or grant classification.\n\nIs the h-index predictive of greater NIH funding success among academic radiologists?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "18ecc0a1474a4b924914e13e77467892" }, { "question": "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of elevated cardiac troponin I (cTnI) for prediction of complicated clinical course and in-hospital mortality in patients with confirmed acute pulmonary embolism (PE).\nThis study was a retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed as having PE, in whom cTnI testing was obtained at emergency department (ED) presentation between January 2002 and April 2006. Clinical characteristics; echocardiographic right ventricular dysfunction; inhospital mortality; and adverse clinical events including need for inotropic support, mechanical ventilation, and thrombolysis were compared in patients with elevated cTnI levels vs patients with normal cTnI levels. One hundred sixteen patients with PE were identified, and 77 of them (66%) were included in the study. Thirty-three patients (42%) had elevated cTnI levels. Elevated cTnI levels were associated with inhospital mortality (P = .02), complicated clinical course (P<.001), and right ventricular dysfunction (P<.001). In patients with elevated cTnI levels, inhospital mortality (odds ratio [OR], 3.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.82-9.29), hypotension (OR, 7.37; 95% CI, 2.31-23.28), thrombolysis (OR, 5.71; 95% CI, 1.63-19.92), need for mechanical ventilation (OR, 5.00; 95% CI, 1.42-17.57), and need for inotropic support (OR, 3.02; 95% CI, 1.03-8.85) were more prevalent. The patients with elevated cTnI levels had more serious vital parameters (systolic blood pressure, pulse, and oxygen saturation) at ED presentation.\n\nCan elevated troponin I levels predict complicated clinical course and inhospital mortality in patients with acute pulmonary embolism?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "ddd980272b1879d4ed8d759d624d23c5" }, { "question": "In this single-centre prospective study, triage nurses estimated the probability of admission using a 100\u2005mm visual analogue scale (VAS), and GAPS was generated automatically from triage data. We compared calibration using rank sum tests, discrimination using area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) and accuracy with McNemar's test.\nOf 1829 attendances, 745 (40.7%) were admitted, not significantly different from GAPS' prediction of 750 (41.0%, p=0.678). In contrast, the nurses' mean VAS predicted 865 admissions (47.3%), overestimating by 6.6% (p<0.0001). GAPS discriminated between admission and discharge as well as nurses, its AUC 0.876 compared with 0.875 for VAS (p=0.93). As a binary predictor, its accuracy was 80.6%, again comparable with VAS (79.0%), p=0.18. In the minority of attendances, when nurses felt at least 95% certain of the outcome, VAS' accuracy was excellent, at 92.4%. However, in the remaining majority, GAPS significantly outperformed VAS on calibration (+1.2% vs +9.2%, p<0.0001), discrimination (AUC 0.810 vs 0.759, p=0.001) and accuracy (75.1% vs 68.9%, p=0.0009). When we used GAPS, but 'over-ruled' it when clinical certainty was \u226595%, this significantly outperformed either method, with AUC 0.891 (0.877-0.907) and accuracy 82.5% (80.7%-84.2%).\n\nPredicting admission at triage: are nurses better than a simple objective score?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "b61c1db125419b7ea2997200a3a1033f" }, { "question": "There is controversy surrounding the optimal management of the testicular remnant associated with the vanishing testes syndrome. Some urologists advocate the need for surgical exploration, whereas others believe this is unnecessary. These differing opinions are based on the variable reports of viable germ cell elements found within the testicular remnants. To better understand the pathology associated with this syndrome and the need for surgical management, we reviewed our experience regarding the incidence of viable germ cell elements within the testicular remnant.\nAn institutional review board-approved, retrospective review was performed of all consecutive patients undergoing exploration for a nonpalpable testis at Eastern Virginia Medical School and Geisinger Medical Center between 1994 and 2006. Patients who were found to have spermatic vessels and a vas deferens exiting a closed internal inguinal ring were included in this analysis.\nFifty-six patients underwent removal of the testicular remnant. Patient age ranged from 11 to 216 months. In 8 of the specimens (14%), we identified viable germ cell elements. In an additional 4 patients (7%), we identified seminiferous tubules without germ cell elements.\n\nHistologic evaluation of the testicular remnant associated with the vanishing testes syndrome: is surgical management necessary?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "5bbba1b812b50df0ab5dcd8aa96e3554" }, { "question": "Esophageal varices are present in 30% to 40% of patients in compensated cirrhosis (Child-Pugh class A) and in 60% to 85% of patients in decompensated cirrhosis (Child-Pugh classes B and C). It is important to identify patients with compensated cirrhosis at risk for esophageal varix development. We evaluated the accuracy of a duplex Doppler ultrasonographic index for predicting the presence or absence of esophageal varices in patients with compensated hepatic cirrhosis (Child-Pugh class A) by using endoscopy as the reference standard.\nFifty-six enrolled patients underwent duplex Doppler ultrasonography followed by screening endoscopy. Mean portal vein velocity (PVV), splenic index (SI), splenoportal index (SPI), hepatic and splenic arterial resistive, and pulsatility indices (hepatic artery resistive index [HARI], hepatic artery pulsatility index [HAPI], splenic artery resistive index [SARI], splenic artery pulsatility index [SAPI]) were recorded. Univariate logistic regression analysis was followed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve construction for the indices that were significant.\nThe indices HARI, HAPI, SARI, SAPI were not helpful (p\u2009>\u20090.05). Mean PVV, SI, and SPI were all predictive of the presence of esophageal varices (p\u2009<\u20090.05) and SPI was found to be the most accurate parameter. Of the various cut-off levels of SPI evaluated, a cut-off value of SPI at 5.0, offered the highest diagnostic accuracy (88%). For the 28 patients with SPI<5.0, the absence of esophageal varices in 27 of them could be correctly diagnosed using only SPI without invasive screening endoscopy, with high negative predictive value (96%) and sensitivity (96%). Of the remaining 28 patients with SPI \u22655.0, presence of esophageal varices could be similarly correctly diagnosed in 22 of them by using SPI without screening endoscopy, with high positive predictive value (79%) and specificity (82%).\n\nIs non-invasive diagnosis of esophageal varices in patients with compensated hepatic cirrhosis possible by duplex Doppler ultrasonography?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "6af764c0119cca3285c002cfe673f8b0" }, { "question": "Sources of reports about laparoscopic and percutaneous treatment of liver hydatid cysts are limited to just a few countries. To address the reason behind this, we carried out a survey of 30 surgeons in northern Jordan.\nA questionnaire was distributed to collect data regarding the surgical technique preferred by each surgeon. Further information was collected from those not adopting minimal-access techniques to determine their reasons for not doing so.\nOnly 3 surgeons (10%) considered laparoscopy as the first line of treatment. Of the 27 surgeons who did not consider percutaneous or laparoscopic treatment, fear of anaphylaxis and/or dissemination was the main reason given by 21 surgeons (78%) for not using minimal access techniques.\n\nIs fear of anaphylactic shock discouraging surgeons from more widely adopting percutaneous and laparoscopic techniques in the treatment of liver hydatid cyst?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "e811918dbd39e8dbeec9a2ad8a9314e7" }, { "question": "To compare the results between a sliding compression hip screw and an intramedullary nail in the treatment of pertrochanteric fractures.\nProspective computer-generated randomization of 206 patients into two study groups: those treated by sliding compression hip screw (Group 1; n = 106) and those treated by intramedullary nailing (Group 2; n = 100).\nUniversity Level I trauma center.\nAll patients over the age of fifty-five years presenting with fractures of the trochanteric region caused by a low-energy injury, classified as AO/OTA Type 31-A1 and A2.\nTreatment with a sliding compression hip screw (Dynamic Hip Screw; Synthes-Stratec, Oberdorf, Switzerland) or an intramedullary nail (Proximal Femoral Nail; Synthes-Stratec, Oberdorf, Switzerland).\nIntraoperative: operative and fluoroscopy times, the difficulty of the operation, intraoperative complications, and blood loss. Radiologic: fracture healing and failure of fixation. Clinical: pain, social functioning score, and mobility score.\nThe minimum follow-up was one year. We did not find any statistically significant difference, intraoperatively, radiologically, or clinically, between the two groups of patients.\n\nPertrochanteric fractures: is there an advantage to an intramedullary nail?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "0460f95a1c5bc9595a065aff67a4202d" }, { "question": "This was a study to compare the results of mitral valve (MV) repair and MV replacement for the treatment of functional mitral regurgitation (MR) in advanced dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy (DCM).\nOne-hundred and thirty-two patients with severe functional MR and systolic dysfunction (mean ejection fraction 0.32 \u00b1 0.078) underwent mitral surgery in the same time frame. The decision to replace rather than repair the MV was taken when 1 or more echocardiographic predictors of repair failure were identified at the preoperative echocardiogram. Eighty-five patients (64.4%) received MV repair and 47 patients (35.6%) received MV replacement. Preoperative characteristics were comparable between the 2 groups. Only ejection fraction was significantly lower in the MV repair group (0.308 \u00b1 0.077 vs 0.336 \u00b1 0.076, p = 0.04).\nHospital mortality was 2.3% for MV repair and 12.5% for MV replacement (p = 0.03). Actuarial survival at 2.5 years was 92 \u00b1 3.2% for MV repair and 73 \u00b1 7.9% for MV replacement (p = 0.02). At a mean follow-up of 2.3 years (median, 1.6 years), in the MV repair group LVEF significantly increased (from 0.308 \u00b1 0.077 to 0.382 \u00b1 0.095, p<0.0001) and LV dimensions significantly decreased (p = 0.0001). On the other hand, in the MV replacement group LVEF did not significantly change (from 0.336 \u00b1 0.076 to 0.31 \u00b1 0.11, p = 0.56) and the reduction of LV dimensions was not significant. Mitral valve replacement was identified as the only predictor of hospital (odds ratio, 6; 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 31; p = 0.03) and overall mortality (hazard ratio, 3.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 8.9; p = 0.02).\n\nMitral replacement or repair for functional mitral regurgitation in dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy: is it really the same?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "45317156fed3911541fa00499b3b3bd0" }, { "question": "The incidence of acetabular fractures in osteoporotic patients is increasing. Immediate total hip arthroplasty (THA) has potential advantages, but achieving acetabular component stability is challenging and, at early followup, reported revision rates for loosening are high.QUESTIONS/\nThis study measured acetabular component stability and the initial surface contact achieved between the acetabular component and unfractured region of the pelvis after THA using an oversized acetabular component and cup-cage reconstruction.\nBetween November 2011 and November 2013, we treated 40 acute acetabular fractures in patients older than 70 years of age. Of these, 12 (30%) underwent immediate THA using an oversized acetabular component with screws inserted only into the ilium and a cup-cage construct. Postoperatively all patients were mobilized without weightbearing restrictions. Indications for immediate THA after acetabular fractures were displaced articular comminution deemed unreducible. Eleven of the 12 were prospectively studied to evaluate the initial stability of the reconstructions using radiostereometric analysis. One of the patients died of a pulmonary embolism after surgery, and the remaining 10 (median age, 81 years; range, 72-86 years) were studied. Of these, five were analyzed at 1 year and five were analyzed at 2 years. Acetabular component migration was defined as acceptable if less than the limits for primary THA that predict later loosening (1.76 mm of proximal migration and 2.53\u00b0 of sagittal rotation). The contact surface between the acetabular component and ilium in direct continuity with the sacroiliac joint, and the ischium and pubis in direct continuity with the symphysis pubis, was measured on postoperative CT scans.\nAt 1 year the median proximal migration was 0.83 mm (range, 0.09-5.13 mm) and sagittal rotation was 1.3\u00b0 (range, 0.1\u00b0-7.4\u00b0). Three of the 10 components had migration above the suggested limits for primary THA at 1 year postoperatively. The contact surface achieved at surgery between the acetabular component and pelvis ranged from 11 to 17 cm(2) (15%-27% of each component).\n\nDoes cup-cage reconstruction with oversized cups provide initial stability in THA for osteoporotic acetabular fractures?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "ca34604182e16312f05afed2de549450" }, { "question": "The differential diagnosis between essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson's disease (PD) may be, in some cases, very difficult on clinical grounds alone. In addition, it is accepted that a small percentage of ET patients presenting symptoms and signs of possible PD may progress finally to a typical pattern of parkinsonism. Ioflupane, N-u-fluoropropyl-2a-carbomethoxy-3a-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane, also called FP-CIT, labelled with (123)I (commercially known as DaTSCAN) has been proven to be useful in the differential diagnosis between PD and ET and to confirm dopaminergic degeneration in patients with parkinsonism. The aim of this study is to identify dopaminergic degeneration in patients with PD and distinguish them from others with ET using semi-quantitative SPECT (123)I-Ioflupane (DaTSCAN) data in comparison with normal volunteers (NV), in addition with the respective ones of patients referred as suffering from ET, as well as, of patients with a PD diagnosis at an initial stage with a unilateral presentation of motor signs.\nTwenty-eight patients suffering from ET (10 males plus 18 females) and 28 NV (12 males and 16 females) were enroled in this study. In addition, 33 patients (11 males and 22 females) with an established diagnosis of PD with unilateral limb involvement (12 left hemi-body and 21 right hemi-body) were included for comparison with ET. We used DaTSCAN to obtain SPECT images and measure the radiopharmaceutical uptake in the striatum (S), as well as the caudate nucleus (CN) and putamen (P) in all individuals.\nQualitative (Visual) interpretation of the SPECT data did not find any difference in the uptake of the radiopharmaceutical at the level of the S, CN and P between NV and ET patients. Reduced accumulation of the radiopharmaceutical uptake was found in the P of all PD patients. Semiquantitative analysis revealed significant differences between NV and ET patients in the striatum, reduced in the latter. There was also a significant reduction in the tracer accumulation in the left putamen of patients with right hemi-parkinsonism compared to ET and NV. Patients with left hemi-parkinsonism, demonstrated reduced radioligand uptake in the right putamen in comparison with ET and NV. Clinical follow-up of 20 patients with ET at (so many months afterwards) revealed no significant change in clinical presentation, particularly no signs of PD. Follow-up DaTSCAN performed in 10 of them (so many months afterwards) was negative in all but one. This one had an equivocal baseline study which deteriorated 12\u00a0months later.\n\nSPECT study with I-123-Ioflupane (DaTSCAN) in patients with essential tremor. Is there any correlation with Parkinson's disease?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "9562c0dcb2679e622ca37a799b2cf633" }, { "question": "Epidemiologic studies have suggested that hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance are related to the development of colon cancer. Nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR), which play a central role in lipid and glucose metabolism, had been hypothesized as being involved in colon cancerogenesis. In animal studies the lipid-lowering PPAR ligand bezafibrate suppressed colonic tumors. However, the effect of bezafibrate on colon cancer development in humans is unknown. Therefore, we proposed to investigate a possible preventive effect of bezafibrate on the development of colon cancer in patients with coronary artery disease during a 6-year follow-up.\nOur population included 3011 patients without any cancer diagnosis who were enrolled in the randomized, double blind Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention (BIP) Study. The patients received either 400 mg of bezafibrate retard (1506 patients) or placebo (1505 patients) once a day. Cancer incidence data were obtained by matching a subject's identification numbers with the National Cancer Registry. Each matched record was checked for correct identification.\nDevelopment of new cancer (all types) was recorded in 177 patients: in 79 (5.25%) patients from the bezafibrate group vs. 98 (6.51%) from the placebo group. Development of colon cancer was recorded in 25 patients: in 8 (0.53%) patients from the bezafibrate group vs. 17 (1.13%) from the placebo group, (Fisher's exact test: one side p = 0.05; two side p = 0.07). A difference in the incidence of cancer was only detectable after a 4 year lag and progressively increased with continued follow-up. On multivariable analysis the colon cancer risk in patients who received bezafibrate tended to be lower with a hazard ratio of 0.47 and 95% confidence interval 0.2-1.1.\n\nDoes the lipid-lowering peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors ligand bezafibrate prevent colon cancer in patients with coronary artery disease?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "13d206caed5dab724208f305e975be36" }, { "question": "To examine the effect of a weekend hospitalization on the timing and incidence of intensive cardiac procedures, and on subsequent expenditures, mortality and readmission rates for Medicare patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).\nThe primary data are longitudinal, administrative claims for 922,074 elderly, non-rural, fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized with AMI from 1989 to 1998. Annual patient-level cohorts provide information on ex ante health status, procedure use, expenditures, and health outcomes.\nThe patient is the primary unit of analysis. I use ordinary least squares regression to estimate the effect of weekend hospitalization on rates of cardiac catheterization, angioplasty, and bypass surgery (in various time periods subsequent to the initial hospitalization), 1-year expenditures and rates of adverse health outcomes in various periods following the AMI admission.\nWeekend AMI patients are significantly less likely to receive immediate intensive cardiac procedures, and experience significantly higher rates of adverse health outcomes. Weekend admission leads to a 3.47 percentage point reduction in catheterization at 1 day, a 1.52 point reduction in angioplasty, and a 0.35 point reduction in by-pass surgery (p<.001 in all cases). The primary effect is delayed treatment, as weekend-weekday procedure differentials narrow over time from the initial hospitalization. Weekend patients experience a 0.38 percentage point (p<.001) increase in 1-year mortality and a 0.20 point (p<.001) increase in 1-year readmission with congestive heart failure.\n\nDo hospitals provide lower quality care on weekends?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "yes" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "bc08e132b3720fc7c9c6ebd5f9fc181f" }, { "question": "to describe variation in utilisation of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) within two English health regions and explore relationships between use, need and proximity to services.\nconsecutive case series of operations. Comparison at a population level with district stroke mortality, hospital admissions and material deprivation.\nstandardised utilisation rates for CEA and measures of inter-district variability. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients for associations between variables.\nvariation in utilisation rates was considerable (14-fold difference across district populations). More individuals had bilateral surgery in the Yorkshire region than in the Northern (11.7% vs. 5.5%, p=0.002). There was no association between utilisation rates for CEA and district stroke mortality (r=-0.06, 95% CI -0.41 to 0.30) or admission rates for stroke (r=0.17, 95% CI -0.2 to 0.49). There was a strong relationship between residence in districts where services were located and higher utilisation. Rates of CEA were lowest in the regions' most affluent wards.\n\nAre variations in the use of carotid endarterectomy explained by population Need?\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "no" ], "category": "biology", "topic": null, "ability": "Research Ability", "type": "judge", "task_name": "PubMedQA", "prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a context, and a question, please answer the question according to the context. Your answer should be \"yes\", \"no\" or \"maybe\".", "id": "e2b0fbbbc1f0b633c1731a5dcfd23938" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nbase: CN(C)C=O\nsolvent: CCN(CC)CC \nLigand list for selection:\nc1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1,CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1,C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1,Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C,CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2,COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1,CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C,CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1,C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1,CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nOptimal ligand:", "answer": [ "c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the ligand smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "id": "b3a0f811c193ad8479aa11452b59db37" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nbase: CC#N\nsolvent: [OH-].[Na+] \nLigand list for selection:\nc1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1,CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1,C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1,Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C,CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2,COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1,CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C,CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1,C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1,CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nOptimal ligand:", "answer": [ "CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the ligand smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "id": "7132ed1473c5089b3ef144a8fb316f42" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nbase: CN(C)C=O\nsolvent: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nLigand list for selection:\nc1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1,CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1,C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1,Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C,CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2,COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1,CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C,CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1,C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1,CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nOptimal ligand:", "answer": [ "c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the ligand smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "id": "cf0cf5b2032045c866c46b986be1e018" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nbase: CO\nsolvent: [OH-].[Na+] \nLigand list for selection:\nc1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1,CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1,C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1,Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C,CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2,COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1,CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C,CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1,C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1,CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nOptimal ligand:", "answer": [ "c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the ligand smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "id": "89c39d46650c8ed4cd453fac1f235e4d" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nbase: CC#N\nsolvent: [OH-].[Na+] \nLigand list for selection:\nc1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1,CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1,C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1,Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C,CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2,COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1,CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C,CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1,C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1,CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nOptimal ligand:", "answer": [ "CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the ligand smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "id": "fc95fde3c816df9bc4d4be2b98f19db6" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nbase: CN(C)C=O\nsolvent: [F-].[Cs+] \nLigand list for selection:\nc1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1,CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1,C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1,Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C,CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2,COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1,CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C,CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1,C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1,CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nOptimal ligand:", "answer": [ "CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the ligand smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "id": "029461ef74504a217c8f3a5088ecd7b5" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nbase: C1CCOC1\nsolvent: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nLigand list for selection:\nc1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1,CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1,C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1,Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C,CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2,COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1,CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C,CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1,C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1,CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nOptimal ligand:", "answer": [ "CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the ligand smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "id": "2261ac1ae8d6c6824aab894dfcafe1dd" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nbase: CN(C)C=O\nsolvent: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nLigand list for selection:\nc1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1,CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1,C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1,Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C,CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2,COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1,CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C,CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1,C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1,CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nOptimal ligand:", "answer": [ "c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the ligand smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "id": "1ab4f1af9d65c12ea37aa7dc48af2617" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nbase: C1CCOC1\nsolvent: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nLigand list for selection:\nc1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1,CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1,C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1,Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C,CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2,COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1,CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C,CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1,C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1,CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nOptimal ligand:", "answer": [ "CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the ligand smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "id": "8e43c3d342f54ff09bddedbafe8cc4f5" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nbase: CO\nsolvent: [F-].[Cs+] \nLigand list for selection:\nc1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1,CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1,C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1,Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C,CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2,COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1,CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C,CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1,C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1,CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nOptimal ligand:", "answer": [ "CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the ligand smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "id": "63114491d73596238f4057255babec6a" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nbase: CO\nsolvent: [F-].[Cs+] \nLigand list for selection:\nc1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1,CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1,C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1,Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C,CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2,COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1,CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C,CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1,C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1,CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nOptimal ligand:", "answer": [ "C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the ligand smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "id": "9394a8c14a07a997002d84c48dea2415" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nbase: CC#N\nsolvent: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nLigand list for selection:\nc1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1,CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1,C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1,Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C,CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2,COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1,CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C,CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1,C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1,CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nOptimal ligand:", "answer": [ "CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the ligand smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "id": "47818fe51c653c1ea4fc17b13614bc06" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nbase: CO\nsolvent: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nLigand list for selection:\nc1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1,CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1,C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1,Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C,CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2,COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1,CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C,CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1,C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1,CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nOptimal ligand:", "answer": [ "CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the ligand smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "id": "a5e433eeeb017a0a8773ef9583960274" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nbase: CC#N\nsolvent: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nLigand list for selection:\nc1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1,CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1,C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1,Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C,CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2,COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1,CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C,CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1,C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1,CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nOptimal ligand:", "answer": [ "c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the ligand smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "id": "3758c6786086074b07a3bafb99d12dd9" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nbase: CO\nsolvent: CCN(CC)CC \nLigand list for selection:\nc1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1,CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1,C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1,Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C,CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2,COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1,CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C,CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1,C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1,CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nOptimal ligand:", "answer": [ "c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the ligand smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "id": "85b2735abf5f95ec524f6847bde14338" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nbase: C1CCOC1\nsolvent: [F-].[Cs+] \nLigand list for selection:\nc1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1,CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1,C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1,Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C,CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2,COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1,CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C,CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1,C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1,CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nOptimal ligand:", "answer": [ "C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the ligand smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, one reagent and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal ligand that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical ligand selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nbase: base 1\nsolvent: solvent 1 \nLigand list: ligand1,ligand2,ligand3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: ligand2", "id": "56d9cc0a804fec7c2e274933fa991d77" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "bdb30760a65b37633301229f2906115f" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "d26676dedc657782edc5e720acf3d16e" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "53cd8745d94800f7c17b5ce239e4267d" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [F-].[Cs+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "8d7f4857c6825c3f3cb7c888a1d03782" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "eaf3a759c8f52bed05090da1ee6c686a" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "ba19339cdab7915da6430f2cc57dc5b9" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [OH-].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "df0ac8eedd74d9c2bc84e42a70753314" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: [F-].[Cs+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "01ad9b38dce7cc3007ca9972eeb27182" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "5b9e0cc4b6d0048a169a8ae54244af55" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "953f475a7e492b51ccf778dcbfe3d258" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "7660211b597e3b5f48bf513bd9bc011a" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "7c38e3e91ef5dd294dfeff378874232c" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "d91bdf6855d5c8e56b6174cd5be08038" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "5259e74326b14e9d30d5651929855eee" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "a30328a27c7afad87e9d4128705c3d5f" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "574cb99bb6e07ee59d824684b71deeee" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C\nsolvent: CC#N\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "b3a47642d8f1e7c250dad84136891938" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CC#N\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "5283521cb852253ae6af093069fee6db" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1\nsolvent: CC#N\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "4cf679cd922e5184aaf4db2e419a1099" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "2e1ccd8f93bb8a1ec6f9d02edc825a3f" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "50f172a57468fd95739e2cb22260c9f2" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [F-].[Cs+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "b87da11555fe523a8ebedef4235389bb" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "b2d93a76d70fe823603983798904198c" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "749487f3d9b1e941f20fdfc1a8122fd2" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [F-].[Cs+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "ba4813b7cceee2d36695a3baabc2cdcd" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1\nsolvent: CC#N\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "6da61a7035e96b2742608a906cc84450" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1\nsolvent: CC#N\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "14b34ee2947d5041aa7eab8c18baa5de" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [OH-].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "f0715005349f96cf5c9fb579690ef983" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "57ab45ce6c7f0ae49f3c114d7f6199a9" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [OH-].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "4629f29f062595f7d2ef02a1920912e6" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "c4fa3069b3c123bcafe36b3a2d6ad2d2" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "6aa66caff3febca4c2edde66794371f1" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "00a3e74c66267064be9714431502ffc3" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "ceac5f9dde7efafa92b579e2de85f6f7" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "981771514696f42e5bc673006e6fda86" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "6134afc43f2168ac89b165234a9577a5" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [F-].[Cs+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "74c0301482eb75b1dc6b208a3a6889d5" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "f055e7c5195d7b64662c797f0aea0376" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CC#N\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "85d7e3437a00fcd719133962a9bbdd48" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "060ccf6722ad88636a7c092a47dfdcd9" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "eb9fc1ee7c69fd6c31a18ad8ed243cda" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CC#N\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "e54897d1e64953b13c85e8b3c8c145c8" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "9f22ad3af19a871b3c76b702867d5269" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "2b1ee7f6a4c7b2063b90b8298ce4d9a3" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "01be1bdf2bf813433df12275a0033191" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "3e0727dfcbb14a96cae7cf6fa3a13e99" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1Br\nligand: CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nF[B-](F)(F)c1ccc2ncccc2c1,CC1(C)OB(c2ccc3ncccc3c2)OC1(C)C\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "F[B-](F)(F)c1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "7af26ef9caa4d092a3ee9ec5e5c6cc4f" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "52662bfc60c8f93595b277e76b0bbbe7" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2\nsolvent: CC#N\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "08e2e1eaf123e640f129a5d7b9178d3c" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CO\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "bf99a9214be8c2ca1511699207113ce4" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [OH-].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "a77f6234895a46736be76a3e9caa3fae" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [F-].[Cs+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "8e394b258d2cd642b9b20974c86f2590" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "60bc2c4fac213b650a17c5a73f75d93e" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "0322ad80df9a00ab301f277d2b3c0119" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [OH-].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "b8ca3ffae0f990510f4707be8f36224c" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1\nsolvent: CC#N\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "9855b094d0b1554404270fdfb9783da9" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1\nsolvent: CC#N\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "7a48cb0540ae8149948e9b9e69bf1e84" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "a5ad5c9748a0b19a669b3afbea3020ca" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1\nsolvent: CC#N\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "e1b4cae6a814f7e7bbeccbaae483c5e3" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "07ee493422fc8a2e89399ef5ddd48193" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "a8b96de783e76a928cb1f76f669058a6" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "ccb224f3f133153f491f0f8bb6b3597f" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "da456fb6d55629b24dc1cbe69f86788d" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "adc7a47d857629b826e8cc7d65c8822a" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "23a4d88c1e0685f71a312257840ef452" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1\nsolvent: CO\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "18166cba4d9a66c016319b2583d9d175" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1\nsolvent: CC#N\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "2be664f630f01c0cf4438db987d0198e" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: [OH-].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "3e7d404af8be756c0becde86c7c5123d" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nsolvent: CO\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "b201a0a1c9d47317666200ea7dcf29a7" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "d94e611db448ea1470b6df6d0619021f" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CC#N\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "f4c261f30a112bddd91c46e446ef9dd6" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "fe4d38ec85f69059cfefb4763ceb38ef" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "eff9fe38c54c6272f548786beb126515" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "962aba3d8769a0e433686549328e782d" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1\nsolvent: CC#N\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "149598a01725be2135a9174876a710c7" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "f3e032774ca6a2e036f162006ee63577" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C\nsolvent: CO\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "1288a379f5e5e418b3d9e5ff68446e52" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "0dbe712d6cc934008fbefeb5a0ad209c" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C\nsolvent: CC#N\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "ed1825225173ecc24bec09cda1daf847" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [OH-].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "a5194e0cb212affad66397b0341f80be" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1Br\nligand: COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nReactants list for selection:\nF[B-](F)(F)c1ccc2ncccc2c1,CC1(C)OB(c2ccc3ncccc3c2)OC1(C)C\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "F[B-](F)(F)c1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "6513ee18f9a8a778c2ed57061095220e" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "21488c5b3ef2e236cad77c15163baf00" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "e1cddd77e1b71ad44c136b4a830ec079" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: [OH-].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "b30a79d3346e75e4606c01a1ab6ebbc4" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [F-].[Cs+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "6a7059eba593870eaaf38df2ee5c5c2e" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [OH-].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "e22e1902ddba224170c475dd2360e5fc" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2\nsolvent: CO\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "1d55cc5ee995af52111368b271f61934" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C\nsolvent: CC#N\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "5953e458f921dcf46dc331a0f063f619" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "9cce314a589ece531b2f31b65cfeb489" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: [OH-].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "aec68b5ded183df2aede347800b97267" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1\nsolvent: CN(C)C=O\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "79a2aa5c751125029622243f583e647c" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [F-].[Cs+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "8201d531740c99b832fc9b78ff9b93ee" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1[B-](F)(F)F.[K+]\nligand: C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1\nsolvent: CC#N\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nIc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1,Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "2ce18887b6c037bf53a30487d8f9706d" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nsolvent: C1CCOC1\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nReactants list for selection:\nBrc1ccc2ncccc2c1,O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F,Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nOptimal reactant:", "answer": [ "Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the reactant smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected one reactant, two reagents and solvent of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal reactant that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical reactant selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\n ligand: ligand 1\n base: base 1\n solvent: solvent 1 \nReactant list: reactant1,reactant2,reactant3,.etc\nOptimal reactant: reactant2", "id": "60b6314ed42260d64963a276749b053e" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C\nbase: [F-].[Cs+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "158b7dba29619dd2e5d422a5acbf1bff" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nbase: [OH-].[K+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CN(C)C=O" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "c36a8f500d9e53c6b1574d262f89d139" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "ffa12642293c8941a291bf2e97724080" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "C1CCOC1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "a8337099efc87cc6affd89604fdb19ac" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "520f9151aac02c50af20f8b563579009" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "e1f3ae83a1f1181a86f4d6eb5ed96148" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CN(C)C=O" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "371c24ce19c354c0c417af49ef498bd6" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "a1603de83e056cd61fe11bb17f811a1a" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1\nbase: [F-].[Cs+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "C1CCOC1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "7d94ec43a4edc399db341874bc1c2929" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "47dec66c9bdef5277fad49d1c9f69ef2" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "d8cb9614d841be215154489631c05651" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CN(C)C=O" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "5780e70490cc70489f1efa43444c8930" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C\nbase: [F-].[Cs+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CN(C)C=O" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "8f8a14afbe2e77546009372c3e2256aa" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "bd6b38159e6a0b4fee7ed70cde36991d" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "7a974e94c4888ed6bcc36a65c162e9cf" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "16f7364eb8e3258f9fa4cd1a1af745e3" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "C1CCOC1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "972176cdcfcb06c47da27872053565cc" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1\nbase: [F-].[Cs+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CN(C)C=O" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "ac30a41a199848d0cd48a1b7eaf7a607" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: Cc1ccccc1P(c1ccccc1C)c1ccccc1C\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "730d47fa3f89879bfd08cd23dd407f4d" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1\nbase: [OH-].[K+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "C1CCOC1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "83f07d342bef93c2e9811b10364a7e9e" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "e6391e8deebc7a8f784de61fb779a17d" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "C1CCOC1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "9f3626439ba0aa056432b6892868a97d" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "dbcbb4a06ba654e222d2b98e4bd3c3a3" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CN(C)C=O" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "6dd4442f831ed8cfa0d44d07f1942126" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "4ecbe024360e5f47c0643a54c0f75eee" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1\nbase: [F-].[Cs+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CN(C)C=O" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "190e68cbbedceace16d3dfb0b74017fd" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "C1CCOC1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "1265ca8642af51bd0c257dda7c35d6e1" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1\nbase: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "5015943ac8af945027c1109cfdd2d30f" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1\nbase: [F-].[Cs+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CN(C)C=O" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "d6595694cc5d41882916927b5aae6d41" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "99af4cea022bb03647866ca6e30a3736" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "7d89c4f1ab7eeb7b109acb6adc1769a9" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nbase: C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "C1CCOC1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "7654ca0f35001acaabe4b591a26df062" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "C1CCOC1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "94459b4e532f7c81b27e9637c4eec93d" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "e6f5e4bcf761bf4b5b25f3727482b016" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "ec937b11a944d5094a73d1fcb6af478b" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CC(C)c1cc(C(C)C)c(-c2ccccc2P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)c(C(C)C)c1\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CN(C)C=O" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "f491cf2b9d0f185afb479a57af21f04b" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: C1=C[C@H]2[Fe][C@@H]1[C]2P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1\nbase: [OH-].[K+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "8001b5714fce205ee45d4e8036009a33" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1\nbase: CCN(CC)CC \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "C1CCOC1" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "e1fa6eb9f4ef0d2a2e918bf26b5043aa" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC(C)(C)P([C]1C=C[CH][C@@H]1[Fe]C1C=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nbase: [F-].[Cs+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CN(C)C=O" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "f81d880861d3094fbe492332f28a71b9" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Clc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC1(C)c2cccc(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)c2Oc2c(P(c3ccccc3)c3ccccc3)cccc21\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "0a37d52681956add5c8bd18a78559cb0" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Ic1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C\nbase: [F-].[Cs+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "3aaca1881a7a7064af42caafda5b3154" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1\nligand: CCCCP(C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2)C12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "f7a12949ef42e2e1de1df4b589287100" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: CN(C)Cc1ccc(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)cc1\nbase: [OH-].[Na+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "da5609916e4de9f7b43ba629aaf54cfd" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: O=S(=O)(Oc1cnc2ccccc2c1)C(F)(F)F\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1\nbase: [F-].[Cs+] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CN(C)C=O" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "32c381060c8417da45dece0756823847" }, { "question": "Given the rest of reaction components:\nreactant 1: Brc1ccc2ncccc2c1\nreactant 2: Cc1ccc2c(cnn2C2CCCCO2)c1B(O)O\nligand: C1CCC(P(C2CCCCC2)C2CCCCC2)CC1\nbase: [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] \nSolvent list for selection:\nC1CCOC1,CN(C)C=O,CO\nOptimal solvent:", "answer": [ "CO" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": null, "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "filling", "task_name": "reagent selection", "prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. No explanations and other information. Only return the solvent smiles from the given list. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "cot_prompt": "You are an expert chemist. Given selected two reactants, two reagents of a Suzuki reaction, predict the optimal solvent that maximize the yield with the rest of reaction components by using your experienced chemical solvent selection knowledge. Please strictly follow the format, the template are provided as follows:\nGiven the rest of reaction components:\nreactant: reactant 1\nreactant: reactant 2\nligand: ligand 1\nbase: base 1 \nsolvent list: solvent 1,solvent 2,solvent 3,.etc\nOptimal solvent: solvent 2", "id": "06ca6dd7559bd322d5870a7b35b7ab92" }, { "question": "Where does transcription occur in eukaryotes?\n\nA. Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm.\nB. Transcription occurs in the mitochondria.\nC. Transcription occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum.\nD. Transcription occurs in the nucleus.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "DNA Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2fd33ff0708365be27591d4c51071f9e" }, { "question": "What are three characteristics of asexual reproduction?\n\nA. Requires two parents, genetic diversity, slow reproduction\nB. Sexual reproduction, genetic variation, fertilization\nC. Requires gametes, genetic mixing, offspring diversity\nD. Genetically identical, no fertilization, quick reproduction\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Reproduction & Development", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b41ceb67df770897eaafc871d9256f63" }, { "question": "How do DNA sequences vary between species and within a species?\n\nA. DNA sequences differ due to random mutations only.\nB. DNA sequences vary due to accumulated variations over evolutionary time.\nC. DNA sequences change due to environmental factors.\nD. DNA sequences vary because of different genetic codes.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Role of DNA in Evolution", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6e683e065699dcbc6cb2952ece0a1571" }, { "question": "What happens during viral replication?\n\nA. Virus merges with host cell membrane and releases new viral particles.\nB. Virus inserts its genome into host DNA and remains dormant, guiding host cell to copy viral genetic material.\nC. Virus replicates independently within host cell, then exits.\nD. Virus destroys host DNA and takes over cellular functions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Microorganisms", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ba5a8d4e699215566f17d6d2e62562b0" }, { "question": "How do whales control their temperature?\n\nA. Whales control temperature with water intake.\nB. Whales regulate temperature through their fins.\nC. Whales control temperature by being warm-blooded.\nD. Whales use blubber for insulation.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Coordination and Control", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8644dc6ad4315d763e0184effd4f8b97" }, { "question": "In a diploid organism, there are three different alleles for a particular gene. Of these three alleles, one is recessive and the other two alleles exhibit codominance. How many phenotypes with this set of alleles?\n\nA. 4 phenotypes\nB. 3 phenotypes\nC. 6 phenotypes\nD. 5 phenotypes\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetics & Inheritance", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b1290d1df5b50f2d5cd9bef5607e1441" }, { "question": "Why is a species hard to define?\n\nA. Defining a species is difficult because of their genetic similarities.\nB. Species are hard to define due to their physical appearance.\nC. Species definition is difficult due to varying reproduction and environmental conditions.\nD. Species are difficult to define due to their geographical locations.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Elements of an Ecosystem", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "786b6c05bb7f53ae928e800b6b159c4c" }, { "question": "The enzyme range present in the human body is 25-35\u00b0C. How is it possible they are working properly within the temp of 37\u00b0C as they are temperature specific? Thanks.\n\nA. Enzymes work best at a single specific temperature and cannot function outside of it.\nB. Enzymes can function effectively within a range of temperatures, and those controlling critical body functions are less sensitive to temperature changes.\nC. Enzymes in the human body can only work at temperatures below 37\u00b0C, causing issues at normal body temperature.\nD. All enzymes in the human body have an optimum temperature of exactly 37\u00b0C, ensuring proper function.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Enzymes", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "82321ba54f3a986ff66dc659d57a427f" }, { "question": "What Is the organelle of respiration?\n\nA. Lysosome\nB. Golgi Apparatus\nC. Mitochondria\nD. Endoplasmic Reticulum\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Energy in Cells", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5c059437d2865332c430aefca14ef4d8" }, { "question": "Why do viruses replicate?\n\nA. Viruses replicate to form symbiotic relationships with host cells.\nB. Viruses replicate to consume nutrients from host cells.\nC. Viruses replicate to help the host's immune system.\nD. Viruses replicate to survive using host cells to produce more viral cells.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Microorganisms", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "794998034779e8a488905b90ac83b834" }, { "question": "Why is DNA replication essential for a cell?\n\nA. DNA replication is essential for producing identical DNA molecules for daughter cells during cell division.\nB. DNA replication is essential for repairing damaged DNA in cells.\nC. DNA replication is essential for producing energy within cells.\nD. DNA replication is essential for preventing mutations in cells.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "DNA Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "125c5bfc5c57ea136519914ea71d53a6" }, { "question": "How can acids and bases be identified and named?\n\nA. Categorizing oxidation and reduction\nB. Identify and name acids and bases\nC. Classifying salts and water\nD. Distinguishing elements and compounds\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f18dc2f0e49800f248583975d5bf5492" }, { "question": "When a diploid female plant is crossed with a tetraploid male,the ploidy of endosperm cells in the resulting seed is?\n\nA. 5n\nB. 3n\nC. 6n\nD. 4n\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Plants", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7641a3b8a398382476daa1fa785510db" }, { "question": "What are phylogenetic trees and cladograms?\n\nA. Phylogenetic trees show evolutionary relationships among species, while cladograms show how closely related organisms are.\nB. Phylogenetic trees display ecological interactions, while cladograms show species' geographical distribution.\nC. Phylogenetic trees represent food chains, while cladograms demonstrate reproductive behaviors.\nD. Phylogenetic trees illustrate genetic similarities, while cladograms depict anatomical structures.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Taxonomy and Systematics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "515cee00715a10e78fab5cb2eeba0606" }, { "question": "What components are required to amplify your DNA in PCR?\n\nA. DNA sample, DNA polymerase, primers, MgCl2, nucleotides, reaction buffer\nB. DNA sample, DNA polymerase, primers, MgCl2, ribonucleotides, reaction buffer\nC. DNA sample, DNA polymerase, primers, CaCl2, nucleotides, reaction buffer\nD. DNA sample, RNA polymerase, primers, MgCl2, nucleotides, reaction buffer\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetic Engineering", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "218ce9f41d8f043aa4cad03ffbc0dacc" }, { "question": "What do praying mantis eat?\n\nA. Leaves and plant stems\nB. Small mammals and birds\nC. Fruits and seeds\nD. Insects like flies, caterpillars, and moths\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Animals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c2206a150b6a84fd35f7b221f43386b8" }, { "question": "What are two diffrences in mitosis and cytokinesis between animal and plant cells?\n\nA. Astral rays in animal cells, cell plate in plant cells; constriction in animal cells, automatic pole determination in plant cells.\nB. Spindle fibers in plant cells, centrioles in animal cells; cleavage furrow in plant cells, cell wall formation in animal cells.\nC. Vacuoles in plant cells, lysosomes in animal cells; cell membrane formation in plant cells, cell wall breakdown in animal cells.\nD. Chloroplasts in plant cells, centrosomes in animal cells; contractile ring in plant cells, phragmoplast in animal cells.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Eukaryotic Cell", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a09bd9eda9a0bc46f5e183ed95ee3add" }, { "question": "How do saprobes and parasites differ?\n\nA. Saprobes feed on living hosts; parasites decompose dead matter.\nB. Saprobes live in water; parasites live on land.\nC. Saprobes decompose dead matter; parasites feed on living hosts.\nD. Saprobes and parasites are the same type of organisms.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Fungi", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3b2e8a65d04cc015c0c3ab280c30b625" }, { "question": "Why are signal transduction pathways often so complex?\n\nA. Signal pathways are complex due to random mutations and evolutionary accidents.\nB. Signal pathways are complex to allow for themes like receptor-transduce-effector model, phosphorylation regulation, signal amplification, and cross-talk.\nC. Signal pathways are complex to confuse researchers and protect cellular secrets.\nD. Signal pathways are complex because cells require a high level of energy to function.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Signal Transduction and Control of Gene Expression", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "df6bf1fef23bcc9930d8828e0def8229" }, { "question": "What is the product of meiosis ll?\n\nA. Four haploid cells\nB. Two diploid cells\nC. Four diploid cells\nD. Eight haploid cells\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Eukaryotic Cell", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fb4286c19707df28b5e7acfe4f8a56f3" }, { "question": "What is the pathogen of sleeping sickness?\n\nA. Pathogen of sleeping sickness: Tsetse fly\nB. Pathogen of sleeping sickness: Mosquito\nC. Pathogen of sleeping sickness: Tick\nD. Pathogen of sleeping sickness: Flea\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Reproduction & Development", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e141f1ed431645aec5a9a119ab609721" }, { "question": "The half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years. What percentage of carbon-14 remains in a sample after 12 half lives?\n\nA. 0.048%\nB. 0.036%\nC. 0.024%\nD. 0.012%\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Origin of Life on Earth", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "16c53ae4142cfedc5f6d0858f237015c" }, { "question": "If evolution is just change, why do humans care so much about animals going extinct?\n\nA. Humans care about animal extinction due to emotional connections, not environmental concerns.\nB. Extinction is a temporary issue; species can eventually re-evolve in different environments.\nC. Species extinction is natural and not affected by human actions; ecosystems remain balanced.\nD. Species have unique genomes essential for survival; extinction disrupts ecosystems and is accelerated by human interference.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Human Impact on Ecosystems", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "af4e2903bb8842842542ca0c57c86466" }, { "question": "How does the transfer of energy throughout an ecosystem begin?\n\nA. Energy transfer in ecosystems begins with plants getting energy from the sun through photosynthesis.\nB. Energy transfer starts with animals consuming plants and converting their energy.\nC. Energy transfer starts with the Earth's mantle providing heat to deep-sea organisms.\nD. Energy transfer begins with decomposers breaking down dead organisms.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Elements of an Ecosystem", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "149ca48dbc886430a5411bf7048a1a75" }, { "question": "In roots, what structure increases surface area for the absorption of water and minerals from the soil?\n\nA. Root cortex\nB. Root meristem\nC. Root hairs\nD. Root cap\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Plants", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cff775ab4a6e53d6ba3afb3898614257" }, { "question": "What does the mitochondria do?\n\nA. Stores genetic information and controls cell growth\nB. Assists in protein synthesis and transports proteins within the cell\nC. Produces energy (ATP) through respiration and metabolic processes\nD. Protects cells from harmful substances and maintains cell shape\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Cell Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "91035c13643941c87b8ade85cb6737b4" }, { "question": "On average, how long do sperm survive in the female body?\n\nA. 8 to 10 days\nB. 1 to 2 days\nC. 6 to 7 days\nD. 3 to 5 days\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Reproduction & Development", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "72587444163e0011db51016920b5d9ae" }, { "question": "Why are bryophytes considered incompletely liberated from their ancestral aquatic habitat?\n\nA. Bryophytes produce flowers and seeds like their aquatic ancestors.\nB. Bryophytes can only grow in water and cannot survive on land.\nC. Bryophytes have roots and stems similar to aquatic plants.\nD. Bryophytes require water for fertilization and have motile male gametes with flagella, like aquatic plants.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Plants", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "47747b706f37a9ef2795510cb178cb3c" }, { "question": "How does nitrogen cycle?\n\nA. Nitrogen cycles through conversion to ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate ions by various enzymes and bacteria, and is used by plants to produce amino acids.\nB. Nitrogen cycles by combining with oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide, which is used by plants for photosynthesis.\nC. Nitrogen cycles through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation, returning to the atmosphere as a gas.\nD. Nitrogen cycles through the process of combustion, releasing nitrogen gas back into the atmosphere.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Change in Communities", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ba50bf1df251f049fbe1fa76f4946cef" }, { "question": "How do skeletal muscles bones and joints work together to allow the body to move?\n\nA. Bones push muscles, causing joints to rotate and create movement.\nB. Muscles stretch, pushing bones and joints to move the body.\nC. Muscles contract, pulling bones at insertion points, with joints as support, allowing movement.\nD. Joints connect muscles and bones, enabling body flexibility.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Structure and Motion", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5b8693e004a263b5d305c2a17249795f" }, { "question": "What are climax communities?\n\nA. Climax communities are stable ecosystems in the final stage of successions.\nB. Climax communities are transitional ecosystems in various stages of successions.\nC. Climax communities are unstable ecosystems in the middle stage of successions.\nD. Climax communities are temporary ecosystems in the initial stage of successions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Change in Communities", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fc3be969f00ee8ac83b4ca0504e46315" }, { "question": "What is the difference between net diffusion and diffusion?\n\nA. Diffusion is the net movement of particles from higher to lower concentration.\nB. Net diffusion is the random process of particles moving in any direction.\nC. Net diffusion is the net movement of particles from higher to lower concentration.\nD. Diffusion is the movement of particles from lower to higher concentration.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Movement In and Out of Cells", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "630a0502508144af36ed7a24e621c689" }, { "question": "Why are genetically modified foods important?\n\nA. Genetically modified foods are important because they can be grown organically, are more nutritious, and support local farmers.\nB. Genetically modified foods are important because they taste better, have a longer shelf life, and are more visually appealing.\nC. Genetically modified foods are important because they are cheaper to produce, use fewer resources, and have a smaller environmental impact.\nD. Genetically modified foods are important because they can grow in harsh climates, resist adverse weather, and produce higher yields with fewer diseases.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Bioethics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a292fd7f5f87fb84c981ff42910af6ee" }, { "question": "How does bacteria become resistant to antibiotics?\n\nA. Bacteria become resistant to antibiotics through inheriting or acquiring enzymes that inactivate the poison or by mutating and losing the molecules targeted by the antibiotic.\nB. Bacteria develop resistance by producing stronger cell walls that prevent antibiotics from entering.\nC. Bacteria develop resistance by mimicking healthy cells, making it difficult for antibiotics to identify them.\nD. Bacteria become resistant by evolving to consume antibiotics as a food source.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Microorganisms", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f009104115d8831f036b03bb4c9e2cb6" }, { "question": "How do dominant and recessive alleles affect phenotype?\n\nA. Both dominant and recessive alleles equally affect phenotype.\nB. Recessive alleles determine phenotype when paired with dominant alleles.\nC. Dominant alleles determine phenotype when paired with recessive alleles.\nD. Phenotype is only affected by recessive alleles.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetics & Inheritance", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c02aa11539ae37a0052767093d3f58d8" }, { "question": "How are cohesion and adhesion related to surface tension?\n\nA. Surface tension is mainly affected by adhesion, as it depends on the interaction between liquid and surrounding molecules.\nB. Cohesion and adhesion are opposing forces that cancel out each other, making surface tension constant.\nC. Surface tension is related to cohesion (attraction between like molecules) and adhesion (attraction between unlike molecules).\nD. Surface tension is unrelated to cohesion and adhesion, as it only depends on the liquid's temperature.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Plants", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f4a281449fc4068b6e888c91dee509ca" }, { "question": "What are the limitations of PCR?\n\nA. Requires high temperature, low specificity\nB. No limitations, works in all conditions\nC. Slow process, expensive equipment\nD. Requires prior target sequence knowledge, DNA polymerase errors\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetic Engineering", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "defdc8e757aa4a55d1e08923d6bfd497" }, { "question": "What process involves the division of the cytoplasm?\n\nA. Cell-plate formation\nB. Cytokinesis\nC. Mitosis\nD. Meiosis\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Eukaryotic Cell", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "193bb978ea4ee684a45802d889950a92" }, { "question": "What biomes do wolves live in?\n\nA. Wolves live in alpine meadows, swamps, chaparrals, and temperate woodlands.\nB. Wolves live in deserts, rainforests, wetlands, and savannas.\nC. Wolves live in tundras, grasslands, coral reefs, and mangroves.\nD. Wolves live in mountain areas, dry shrublands, coniferous forests, and tallgrass aspen parklands.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Elements of an Ecosystem", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "bd34ed07c8e4b5c45180c034195b2a41" }, { "question": "Why is protein sequencing useful?\n\nA. Protein sequencing helps predict protein function, cellular location, modifications, and relationships between proteins, and aids in understanding diseases.\nB. Protein sequencing is useful for determining the nutritional content of food, enhancing athletic performance, and monitoring environmental pollution.\nC. Protein sequencing helps in the creation of new drugs, the development of vaccines, and the study of genetic disorders.\nD. Protein sequencing helps synthesize new proteins, create artificial cells, and increase protein production in organisms.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Role of DNA in Evolution", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6a732937871d8484bd5229905c4fe4fa" }, { "question": "What stages of meiosis are most like mitosis?\n\nA. Meiosis I\nB. Meiosis II\nC. Prophase I\nD. Anaphase II\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Eukaryotic Cell", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9f14a07be18d788b40ec05ddf602a4ec" }, { "question": "In general, is the genetic material in a virus inside or outside the protein parts?\n\nA. Between protein layers\nB. Outside the protein shell\nC. Attached to the protein shell\nD. Inside the protein shell\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Microorganisms", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d854735ecca9e61a86f56aec134faab8" }, { "question": "How does abiogenesis work?\n\nA. Abiogenesis is the process of life spontaneously emerging from non-living materials, involving the formation of complex organic molecules from simple inorganic compounds.\nB. Abiogenesis is the fusion of organic molecules with inorganic materials, leading to the formation of hybrid structures that eventually evolved into living organisms.\nC. Abiogenesis involves organic molecules forming from abiogenic materials with external energy sources, leading to lipid aggregates called coacervates, which eventually gave rise to protobionts and prokaryotes.\nD. Abiogenesis is the process of life forms developing through a series of chemical reactions and interactions between organic molecules, ultimately leading to the emergence of complex cellular structures.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Origin of Life on Earth", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "00d2ccb09655d187734c5bf2ba6cb76c" }, { "question": "Why does a mutation in a sex cell have potential for great effect?\n\nA. A mutation in a sex cell has no significant effect on the organism.\nB. A mutation in a sex cell can be easily repaired by the organism.\nC. A mutation in a sex cell can affect all subsequent cells after fertilization.\nD. A mutation in a sex cell only affects a small part of the body.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Role of DNA in Evolution", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3d1bcf5da682b3bce69ab1a333733c74" }, { "question": "What carbohydrates are in milk?\n\nA. Lactose, D-glucose, D-galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, L-fucose, N-acetylneuraminic acid\nB. Maltose, sucrose, lactulose, arabinose, raffinose, sorbitol\nC. Starch, cellulose, maltose, fructose, sucrose, xylose\nD. Glycogen, galactose, ribose, glucose, fructose, mannose\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6b013b386b4e945f2f64e7fa90472c82" }, { "question": "What phase is before the M phase?\n\nA. Cytokinesis\nB. Metaphase\nC. Interphase (G1, S, and G2 phases)\nD. Prophase\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Eukaryotic Cell", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3174b41977e7b459212058c2a2aa077b" }, { "question": "Do passive transport, osmosis, and diffusion require ATP?\n\nA. ATP required for osmosis and diffusion.\nB. Yes, ATP is essential for all three.\nC. No ATP required, due to concentration gradient.\nD. ATP needed only for passive transport.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Movement In and Out of Cells", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c71f51a3e1ae8f5306d2b076129a6b6d" }, { "question": "How do you test for starch?\n\nA. Heat the substance\nB. Use litmus paper\nC. Use iodine solution\nD. Mix with vinegar\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ddd6567da607f9967c01cb177febd4e7" }, { "question": "What causes many endangered species that are now found only in zoos to have very little genetic variation?\n\nA. Loss of habitat in the wild.\nB. Changes in dietary habits in zoos.\nC. Limited gene pool due to controlled mating in zoos.\nD. Exposure to new diseases in captivity.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetics & Inheritance", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "807c951bf81aa9107d6c797af84d9975" }, { "question": "Why is phosphorylation needed?\n\nA. Phosphorylation synthesizes ATP using proton gradients and light energy.\nB. Phosphorylation breaks down ATP to release energy.\nC. Phosphorylation stabilizes protein structures.\nD. Phosphorylation transfers electrons between molecules.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "494e62c3455364d9032887c27e8382f9" }, { "question": "What protists live in colonies?\n\nA. Algal blooms, slime molds, and animal protists\nB. Amoebas, diatoms, and ciliates\nC. Dinoflagellates, foraminifera, and radiolarians\nD. Bacteria, fungi, and algae\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Microorganisms", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c46af0eac22a105571668b8805e25a28" }, { "question": "Why does a mutation in a sperm or egg cell have different consequences than one in a heart cell?\n\nA. Mutations in sex cells only affect reproduction, while heart cell mutations affect overall health.\nB. Heart cell mutations affect every cell, while sex cell mutations only affect sex cells.\nC. Sex cell mutations affect every cell, while heart cell mutations only affect heart cells.\nD. Both sex cell and heart cell mutations have the same consequences.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Role of DNA in Evolution", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5f520087bfc24e81ddd3a75fc17d9be6" }, { "question": "What are symptoms of preeclampsia?\n\nA. Fatigue, muscle aches, fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, rash, headache, joint pain, night sweats, weight loss, mouth sores.\nB. Low blood pressure, dehydration, loss of appetite, constipation, dizziness, excessive sweating, insomnia, heart palpitations, joint pain, frequent urination.\nC. High blood pressure, water retention, protein in urine, headaches, blurred vision, light sensitivity, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath, bruising easily.\nD. Weight gain, frequent hunger, mood swings, leg cramps, back pain, nasal congestion, varicose veins, increased urination, dizziness, gum bleeding.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Reproduction & Development", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fa1a486e82364d04d3d285a461167a5f" }, { "question": "Why are identical twins identical?\n\nA. Identical twins are born at the same time, causing their similarities.\nB. Identical twins have similar physical features due to chance.\nC. Identical twins share the same environment in the womb.\nD. Identical twins are genetic copies due to the zygote splitting into two separate cells.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetics & Inheritance", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4c8ba4c74639687eaed2e1a3c4c4310c" }, { "question": "What are three types of carbohydrates?\n\nA. Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Polysaccharides\nB. Complex, Simple, Fiber\nC. Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids\nD. Fats, Sugars, Fibers\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0db162b6ef190a26a7d197955db0fd2d" }, { "question": "How do viruses harm cells?\n\nA. Viruses harm cells by causing them to mutate and lose their normal functions.\nB. Viruses harm cells by hijacking their reproduction ability, leading to virus replication instead of normal cell growth.\nC. Viruses harm cells by consuming their nutrients and causing starvation.\nD. Viruses harm cells by releasing toxins that damage cell structures.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Microorganisms", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "31a1ec205bd5a5522e232b776de64a39" }, { "question": "What are the monomers and polymers of enzymes?\n\nA. Enzymes are monomers of carbohydrates.\nB. Enzymes are monomers of lipids.\nC. Enzymes are polymers of nucleic acids.\nD. Enzymes are polymers of amino acids.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fb8ea620ce5c4197964967a034606ac4" }, { "question": "Why does active transport occur in cells?\n\nA. Moves materials from high to low concentration\nB. Exchanges materials between cells\nC. Allows materials to passively diffuse\nD. Moves materials from low to high concentration\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Movement In and Out of Cells", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "302ca111308bf8a7b77422ce999b5b9b" }, { "question": "What is the important function of mitosis in plants?\n\nA. Mitosis aids in vegetative growth and wound healing in plants.\nB. Mitosis contributes to root development and water uptake in plants.\nC. Mitosis helps in photosynthesis and nutrient absorption in plants.\nD. Mitosis assists in pollination and seed dispersal in plants.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Eukaryotic Cell", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f93c674c5a75ebb78fe7a121595985fc" }, { "question": "On average, the lifespan of tigers living in zoos is 22 years while the lifespan of tigers in the wild is 17 years. What are two reasons why tigers live longer in the zoo than in the wild?\n\nA. Regular food supply and veterinary care.\nB. Less competition, deforestation.\nC. Climate control, socialization.\nD. Comfortable enclosures, survival of the fittest.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Animals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "aa667193e37c5f990f5fdc7429d29ba6" }, { "question": "What are the abiotic factors of temperate grasslands?\n\nA. Soil, plants, animals, and insects\nB. Temperature, precipitation, sunlight, and wind\nC. Grass, trees, water, and minerals\nD. Air, moisture, rocks, and sand\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Elements of an Ecosystem", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c0a749844989dbfbdd7f4b730d3285d6" }, { "question": "What is coevolution ?\n\nA. Coevolution is the process of species evolving independently without any interaction.\nB. Coevolution refers to the extinction of species due to environmental changes.\nC. Coevolution is when different species with close interactions affect each other's evolution through mutual pressures.\nD. Coevolution is the study of the origins and development of different ecosystems.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Evolution", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ef9236378d9bacb375394eaf9a0004ac" }, { "question": "What needs to happen to ATP in order to get ADP?\n\nA. ATP loses one phosphate group to become ADP.\nB. ATP loses two phosphate groups to become ADP.\nC. ATP gains one phosphate group to become ADP.\nD. ATP and ADP combine to release energy.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Energy in Cells", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2c92d47cf1d4979bcea05d3d395baa40" }, { "question": "What is irreversible enzyme inhibition?\n\nA. Irreversible inhibition is the process where an enzyme's function is restored after removing a tightly bound inhibitor.\nB. Irreversible inhibition involves strong binding of an inhibitor to an enzyme, forming a covalently modified dead-end complex.\nC. Irreversible inhibition happens when an enzyme's activity is permanently reduced due to denaturation.\nD. Irreversible inhibition occurs when an enzyme's activity is temporarily reduced by a weakly bound inhibitor.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Enzymes", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0e8629eec632bc66032291b3a0a5f24c" }, { "question": "What is a bio-geochemical cycle?\n\nA. Continuous flow of nutrients causing imbalances.\nB. Linear movement of nutrients in ecosystems.\nC. One-way transfer of nutrients in nature.\nD. Cyclic flow of nutrients maintaining balance in ecosystems.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Change in Communities", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b3a669effdeb1423b40b7914f7f1f8e9" }, { "question": "What is the Eukaryotic Cell Cycle?\n\nA. Eukaryotic cell cycle involves glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain.\nB. Eukaryotic cell cycle has interphase (cell growth, structure duplication) and mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase).\nC. Eukaryotic cell cycle consists of endocytosis, exocytosis, and membrane fusion.\nD. Eukaryotic cell cycle has interphase, prokaryotic fission, and budding.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Eukaryotic Cell", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "17c2cc71f4ef3dbc22766fff46e088e1" }, { "question": "What was Friedrich Miescher's contribution to the discovery of the genetic code?\n\nA. Coined the term \"genetic code\"\nB. Identified genetic mutations\nC. Developed DNA sequencing method\nD. Discovered DNA molecule in 1868\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetics & Inheritance", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6633bf449bb66005f23cf1c83f62a803" }, { "question": "Why is biodiversity important for ecosystems and for humans?\n\nA. Biodiversity supports species survival, nutrient storage, pollution breakdown, and human benefits like employment and recreation.\nB. Biodiversity increases competition, causing species extinction and limiting human access to resources.\nC. Biodiversity leads to overpopulation of certain species, disrupting ecosystem balance and causing problems for humans.\nD. Biodiversity complicates ecosystems, making it difficult for humans to manage and control natural resources.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Change in Communities", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e2cdbbf9307a23e8478489e2734d4a01" }, { "question": "What are efferent neurons?\n\nA. Interneurons connect neurons within the nervous system.\nB. Efferent neurons carry electrical impulses to organs or muscles.\nC. Afferent neurons transmit sensory information to the brain.\nD. Glial cells provide support and protection for neurons.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Coordination and Control", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "52801a105f74ef017ed0b6efbb0c3c18" }, { "question": "Why are archaea in a different domain from bacteria?\n\nA. Archaea and bacteria are in different domains due to their distinct methods of reproduction.\nB. Archaea are in a different domain due to their ancient origin, unique morphology, and ability to thrive in extreme conditions.\nC. Archaea are in a different domain because they are multicellular, while bacteria are single-celled.\nD. Different domain classification is due to archaea being plant-like, while bacteria are animal-like.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Microorganisms", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "04de32ed33eef071f86d848440ae8ee3" }, { "question": "How do acids and bases affect the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution?\n\nA. Acids increase $OH^-$ ions, bases decrease $OH^-$ ions and increase $H^+$ ions.\nB. Acids increase $H^+$ ions, bases decrease $H^+$ ions and increase $OH^-$ ions.\nC. Acids decrease $H^+$ ions, bases increase $H^+$ ions and decrease $OH^-$ ions.\nD. Acids and bases do not affect the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7ec572ae02c1b36b84de671d17baca1d" }, { "question": "Why are the top level consumers in a food chain most affected by biomagnification?\n\nA. Top level consumers are most affected by biomagnification due to the concentration of toxic chemicals in their tissues.\nB. Top level consumers are least affected by biomagnification due to their strong immune systems.\nC. Top level consumers are least affected by biomagnification because they consume fewer toxic chemicals.\nD. Biomagnification affects all consumers in a food chain equally.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Energy in Ecosystems", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4834762111d2f13020e4d830f51685a5" }, { "question": "What are electrons?\n\nA. Negatively charged subatomic particles with significant mass in orbits around the nucleus\nB. Neutral subatomic particles with negligible mass in orbits around the nucleus\nC. Negatively charged subatomic particles with negligible mass in orbits around the nucleus\nD. Positively charged subatomic particles with significant mass in orbits around the nucleus\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3f6b07d529a4844d2dad7efa179c7ae9" }, { "question": "What is synapomorphy?\n\nA. Shared characteristic between unrelated organisms\nB. Ancient trait present in all organisms\nC. Characteristic unique to a single species\nD. Derived characteristic of a clade inherited from a common ancestor\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Taxonomy and Systematics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f3ceef9239bb23235866cd6cb129a9c4" }, { "question": "Which occurs in the roots of dicots: primary or secondary growth?\n\nA. Secondary growth\nB. Neither primary nor secondary growth\nC. Primary growth\nD. Both primary and secondary growth\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Plants", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "acc1fdcf86b177b8dafe8ab956f4dbef" }, { "question": "Are calculated genotypic frequencies necessarily the same as observed genotypic frequencies?\n\nA. Observed genotypic frequencies are always the same as calculated genotypic frequencies.\nB. Observed genotypic frequencies are unrelated to calculated genotypic frequencies.\nC. Observed genotypic frequencies are always significantly different from calculated genotypic frequencies.\nD. Observed genotypic frequencies are not necessarily the same as calculated genotypic frequencies, but they are usually close.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetics & Inheritance", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c83fc1a14ae9584399b892cba2b40ff5" }, { "question": "What are some uses of viruses?\n\nA. Air purification, tissue engineering, disease diagnosis\nB. Agriculture, gene therapy, cancer prevention/control\nC. Energy production, water purification, drug delivery\nD. Food preservation, vaccine production, waste management\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Microorganisms", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9488ae81332c3c23e450d23ea0aaf423" }, { "question": "Why are there lots of alveoli in the lungs?\n\nA. Alveoli warm the air before it enters the bloodstream.\nB. Alveoli filter out harmful substances from the air.\nC. Alveoli increase surface area for gas exchange, supplying oxygen to the body.\nD. Alveoli store oxygen for future use.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Input and Output", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "364ad38898ce104032ba0aa989a5d272" }, { "question": "How could you control the amount of carbon dioxide a plant gets?\n\nA. Increase the plant's exposure to sunlight.\nB. Modify the surrounding temperature.\nC. Adjust the plant's water intake.\nD. Use sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to control CO\u2082 levels.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Plants", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ca71b842ae1b097b71b8b026cd7de811" }, { "question": "What is co-adaptation?\n\nA. Co-adaptation is when characteristics undergo natural selection together due to the same selective pressure, involving species, genes, or parts within an organism.\nB. Co-adaptation is the ability of an organism to change its behavior in response to environmental changes.\nC. Co-adaptation is the process of two organisms adapting to live in separate environments.\nD. Co-adaptation is the process of organisms developing similar traits due to shared ancestry.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Evolution", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9d023f9f89791a35b8acdeb15ed7cf94" }, { "question": "What is the importance of oxygen in water for living organisms?\n\nA. Oxygen in water increases water density, neutralizes acidity, and supports photosynthesis.\nB. Oxygen in water prevents evaporation, regulates temperature, and filters pollutants.\nC. Oxygen in water controls algae growth, enhances taste, and balances mineral content.\nD. Oxygen in water supports most living organisms, maintains water quality, and stimulates decomposition.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Origin of Life on Earth", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f432e57b694f6b665f09e2068bdfaeaa" }, { "question": "How can GMOs be helpful to humans?\n\nA. GMOs provide humans with more flavorful food options but have no other benefits.\nB. GMOs benefit humans by providing hardier crops and animals, producing natural pharmaceutical precursors, and aiding in environmental cleanup.\nC. GMOs harm humans by causing health issues and negatively impacting the environment.\nD. GMOs only benefit large corporations and have no direct impact on human lives.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Bioethics", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "811089742f51806650a72e9ef33cfe47" }, { "question": "When would green plants carry out photosynthesis-only during at night, continuously, the day, only or never?\n\nA. Photosynthesis only occurs at night.\nB. Photosynthesis occurs continuously, with light reactions during the day and dark reactions (Calvin Cycle) all the time.\nC. Photosynthesis never occurs in green plants.\nD. Photosynthesis only occurs during the day.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Energy In Organisms", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9ad39b9201b2c6812020ca2d1b9eb047" }, { "question": "How do eukaryotic cells differ from bacteria and archaea?\n\nA. Eukaryotic cells reproduce asexually, while bacteria and archaea reproduce sexually and have more complex DNA.\nB. Eukaryotic cells are always multicellular, while bacteria and archaea are unicellular and have simpler structures.\nC. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus, while bacteria and archaea are unicellular, lack these structures, and have circular DNA.\nD. Eukaryotic cells are found in extreme environments, while bacteria and archaea are more common and have a simpler structure.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Cell Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f122a187917aba160df31f6dc831d365" }, { "question": "What affects carrying capacity?\n\nA. Finite resources, competition, natural selection, and predators.\nB. Population size, mating habits, genetic diversity, and habitat destruction.\nC. Climate change, pollution, human intervention, and migration.\nD. Photosynthesis, cellular respiration, decomposition, and nutrient cycles.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Change in Communities", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "da04a01058aec816a0f1c90d6f3ae7f8" }, { "question": "Genetic material DNA is contained in our chromosomes. What is the most important role of these chromosomes?\n\nA. Chromosomes contain DNA, which provides a template for making proteins essential for cell functioning and survival.\nB. Chromosomes act as a barrier to protect the cell from external threats.\nC. Chromosomes store energy for cellular processes.\nD. Chromosomes enable communication between different cells in an organism.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetics & Inheritance", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c10780c59c44557d0b65f1e77432006b" }, { "question": "Why are restriction enzymes important for DNA fingerprinting?\n\nA. Restriction enzymes amplify specific DNA sequences for easier analysis.\nB. Restriction enzymes synthesize new DNA strands for fingerprint comparison.\nC. Restriction enzymes repair damaged DNA to produce accurate fingerprints.\nD. Restriction enzymes help create DNA fingerprints by cleaving polymorphic restriction sites inherited from parents.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetic Engineering", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8dfd471afe5d27606a679a6f10d3f595" }, { "question": "What was photograph 51?\n\nA. Protein crystallography image\nB. Early microscope image of DNA\nC. DNA extraction technique\nD. X-ray diffraction image of DNA\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "DNA Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1489a911d978cc5c97273cd1cce9d44d" }, { "question": "Why are carbohydrates an excellent source of energy for organisms?\n\nA. Carbohydrates help build cell structures, contributing to overall energy production.\nB. Carbohydrates store energy for long periods, making them a reliable source.\nC. Carbohydrates are easy to break down and metabolize, providing quick energy for organisms.\nD. Carbohydrates enhance the absorption of other nutrients, boosting energy levels.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b3bbf4a6359c0691022ae1ec313a1537" }, { "question": "What are the most common types of cancer?\n\nA. Astrocytoma, Basal cell carcinoma, Ependymoma, Fibroma, Hemangioma, Neuroblastoma\nB. Carcinoma, Sarcoma, Leukemia, Melanoma, Glioma, Lipoma\nC. Adenoma, Chondroma, Lymphoma, Myeloma, Osteoma, Papilloma\nD. Angiosarcoma, Cholangiocarcinoma, Ewing's sarcoma, Hepatoma, Lymphoblastic leukemia, Rhabdomyosarcoma\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Eukaryotic Cell", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e6793554cdef918cef51bdb696d66b41" }, { "question": "What is the process of endosymbiosis?\n\nA. Endosymbiosis is the process by which prokaryotes evolved into eukaryotic cells, giving rise to mitochondria and chloroplasts.\nB. Endosymbiosis is the transfer of genetic material between bacteria through a pilus.\nC. Endosymbiosis is the process of cell division in eukaryotic organisms.\nD. Endosymbiosis is the fusion of two different species to form a new organism.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Origin of Life on Earth", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b8e3f3c57de9a4e186e7ea06f157c5b2" }, { "question": "Why are gastropods called stomach footed animals?\n\nA. Gastropods are called stomach footed animals due to their foot's ability to sense food in their environment.\nB. Gastropods are called stomach footed animals because their digestive system is located in their foot.\nC. Gastropods are called stomach footed animals because their foot resembles the shape of a stomach.\nD. Gastropods are called stomach footed animals due to their broad flat foot used for support and movement, located on their underside.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Animals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "98d0e9bf339304a0a7607c4756a29d23" }, { "question": "What is the relationship between the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle, and the phosphorous cycle?\n\nA. Carbon cycle is natural, nitrogen cycle is human-induced, and phosphorous cycle is geological.\nB. All three cycles are interconnected and changes to one can impact the others.\nC. Carbon cycle involves air, nitrogen cycle involves soil, and phosphorous cycle involves water.\nD. Carbon cycle affects climate, nitrogen cycle affects plant growth, and phosphorous cycle is unrelated.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Change in Communities", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "36fffb6f04b9b3d0f37c27929c24f340" }, { "question": "How does polarity of molecules affect diffusion?\n\nA. Polarity affects diffusion as polar molecules cannot pass through cell membranes' lipid bilayers and require protein channels for facilitated diffusion.\nB. Polarity doesn't affect diffusion, as all molecules can pass through cell membranes regardless of their polarity.\nC. Polarity slows down diffusion by making molecules stick together, preventing them from passing through cell membranes.\nD. Polarity increases diffusion rate as polar molecules easily pass through cell membranes without assistance.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Movement In and Out of Cells", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e82db1034966f369496eb6ba72d3d169" }, { "question": "Why are some animals already extinct?\n\nA. Animals go extinct due to natural aging, predator overpopulation, and lack of food sources.\nB. Animals go extinct due to habitat changes, climate change, extraterrestrial events, and human activities.\nC. Animals go extinct due to migration mistakes, genetic mutations, and disease outbreaks.\nD. Animals go extinct due to competition for resources, inability to adapt, and geological events.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Natural Selection", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c3853e3721865859982dd9e6cf7509f5" }, { "question": "What is the sulfur cycle?\n\nA. Circulation of sulfur through nature involving living organisms, soil, and proteins.\nB. Transfer of phosphorus between living organisms, rocks, and soil.\nC. Cycling of carbon between living organisms, atmosphere, and oceans.\nD. Exchange of nitrogen between living organisms, atmosphere, and soil.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Change in Communities", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "681f10d92b98acbdec3d7c59ebd5cc0f" }, { "question": "What are fibroblasts and what is their function?\n\nA. Fibroblasts are elongated cells that transmit electrical signals for muscle contraction.\nB. Fibroblasts are star-shaped cells that secrete collagen and elastic fibers for rigidity and elasticity.\nC. Fibroblasts are cube-shaped cells that produce hormones for regulating body functions.\nD. Fibroblasts are round cells that absorb nutrients and remove waste from tissues.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Cell Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "49ddff99074eb3a4c8055f966bd2dcf4" }, { "question": "How do nucleic acids form?\n\nA. Nucleic acids form from carbohydrates connected by peptide bonds.\nB. Nucleic acids form from lipids bonded by ionic interactions.\nC. Nucleic acids form from nucleotides linked by covalent bonds.\nD. Nucleic acids form from amino acids joined by hydrogen bonds.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6223f47f397bd28d730db56164c97e6a" }, { "question": "Why do dolphins and bats use high-pitch noises instead of low-pitch noises for echolocation?\n\nA. High-pitched sounds are easier for animals to produce.\nB. High-pitched sounds provide better navigation, hunting, and obstacle avoidance.\nC. Low-pitched sounds travel further and are more efficient.\nD. High-pitched sounds are more pleasant to animals' ears.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Animals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a7cdc76c7bc38a1945e3bd1d640510f0" }, { "question": "How do eukaryotes differ from prokaryotes?\n\nA. Eukaryotes have complex structures and organelles, while prokaryotes have minimal organelles.\nB. Eukaryotes reproduce asexually, while prokaryotes reproduce sexually.\nC. Prokaryotes have a nucleus, while eukaryotes lack one.\nD. Prokaryotes are multicellular organisms while eukaryotes are single-celled.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Animals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2a7223857d6f6828b615c7e509e699df" }, { "question": "What is the importance of taxonomy?\n\nA. Taxonomy helps develop technology, analyze human behavior, understand cultural differences, predict weather patterns, and explore outer space.\nB. Taxonomy helps predict future species, create new organisms, improve communication, determine economic value, and control population growth.\nC. Taxonomy helps ascertain Earth's species count, classify organisms, understand traits, determine physical development order, and identify local fauna and flora.\nD. Taxonomy helps design urban landscapes, enhance agricultural practices, create medicines, improve transportation, and preserve historical sites.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Taxonomy and Systematics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dc6d4028b088659a71bc5ab29a82550c" }, { "question": "What part of the plant does respiration take place in?\n\nA. Chloroplast and nucleus\nB. Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus\nC. Cytoplasm and mitochondria\nD. Vacuole and cell wall\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Plants", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2eebb4290e11a08caa8db9af1034b549" }, { "question": "What generation does the sporophytic body belong to?\n\nA. Sporophytic body belongs to the haploid generation.\nB. Sporophytic body belongs to the gametophyte generation.\nC. Sporophytic body belongs to the alternation of generations.\nD. Sporophytic body belongs to the diploid generation.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Plants", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "279fb37347d45cb83299194b03f36557" }, { "question": "What are some similarities and differences between osmosis and diffusion?\n\nA. Both require energy; osmosis involves water, diffusion involves gases.\nB. Both occur in liquids; osmosis moves water, diffusion moves dissolved substances.\nC. Both move molecules from high to low concentration; osmosis involves water through a selective membrane, diffusion involves all molecules.\nD. Both move molecules randomly; osmosis uses a membrane, diffusion doesn't.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Movement In and Out of Cells", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4007658d865d8bac16b854724a6176da" }, { "question": "Why is PCR used so much in biotechnology?\n\nA. PCR is extensively employed in environmental science for pollution monitoring and waste management.\nB. PCR is mainly used for protein synthesis, enzyme production, and cell culture growth.\nC. PCR is primarily utilized in agriculture for crop improvement and pest control.\nD. PCR is widely used in biotechnology for DNA cloning, medical diagnostics, forensic analysis, infectious disease detection, and genetic testing.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetic Engineering", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3ec669185c23011a2efbbeba7e625802" }, { "question": "What are biomes influenced by?\n\nA. Biomes are determined by the types of organisms present, their interactions, and their adaptations.\nB. Biomes are influenced by the Earth's magnetic field, tectonic plate movement, and solar radiation.\nC. Biomes are influenced by seasonal variations, precipitation, regional/local variations, and biotic/abiotic factors.\nD. Biomes are influenced by human activities, geological events, and atmospheric composition.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Elements of an Ecosystem", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5414d040fac6d335dde035b8834f4555" }, { "question": "The size of plants increased dramatically with the evolution of vascular tissue. How might these two events be related?\n\nA. Vascular tissues protect plants from predators, allowing them to grow larger.\nB. Vascular tissues provide structural support, allowing plants to grow taller.\nC. Vascular tissues help translocate food and water, supporting larger plant sizes.\nD. Vascular tissues increase photosynthesis, leading to a size increase.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Plants", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "61c10bf7af9d9c51d70079837ab6b160" }, { "question": "What is ram ventilation?\n\nA. A method for circulating air in enclosed spaces.\nB. Forcing water through mouth and over gills while swimming fast.\nC. Rapid movement of air through nostrils for breathing.\nD. A technique for cooling down computer memory.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Natural Selection", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b8b96425eb21d3ae0040e96beb5bb04c" }, { "question": "What is the cross layering of cellulose?\n\nA. Cellulose consists of inverted beta glucose with peptide bonds forming cross-links for flexibility.\nB. Cross layering occurs when beta glucose forms covalent bonds, creating a soft, elastic structure.\nC. Inverted beta glucose with 1-4 glycosidic bonds form hydrogen cross-links, creating a strong, rigid structure.\nD. Cross layering involves alpha glucose with 1-6 glycosidic bonds creating weak, flexible structures.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b97fc946f364d231e23121474c62129d" }, { "question": "Why does cross-pollination produce more genetic variation than n the offspring that self-pollination produces?\n\nA. Cross-pollination only occurs between same species, increasing genetic variation.\nB. Cross-pollination creates genetic mutations, increasing variation.\nC. Cross-pollination allows for new gene combinations, while self-pollination only uses existing genes.\nD. Self-pollination produces more offspring, diluting genetic variation.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Natural Selection", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "af88ac856010ac64b9ecc301c92d0c3f" }, { "question": "What is the process of meiosis 1 and 2?\n\nA. One cell division creating two diploid cells with identical chromosomes.\nB. Two cell divisions yielding four diploid cells with similar chromosome sets.\nC. Two cell divisions producing four haploid cells with unique chromosome combinations.\nD. Three cell divisions generating eight haploid cells with varying chromosomes.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Eukaryotic Cell", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "14346ae250ee041119ed3581706c2b8c" }, { "question": "What does asexual reproduction of an organism normally result in?\n\nA. Clone of the parent organism\nB. Mutation in the new organism\nC. Combination of genes from two sources\nD. Genetic differences in offspring\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Reproduction & Development", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9a7ab985b3153de7d890830b83cc3595" }, { "question": "How are leaves the excretory organs of plants?\n\nA. Leaves excrete excess water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen through transpiration, gutation, and stomata.\nB. Leaves convert waste into energy through cellular respiration and release it through stomata.\nC. Leaves store excess water and release waste through photosynthesis.\nD. Leaves excrete waste through roots and absorb nutrients through stomata.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Plants", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8803f87183d068690d9381267777d8b1" }, { "question": "What is a DNA database?\n\nA. A storage system for genetic modification techniques.\nB. A software program for simulating DNA structures.\nC. A library of books about DNA and genetics.\nD. A collection of DNA profiles for genetic disease analysis and criminal investigations.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetic Engineering", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "45feff2eda57bea28471559da0e97bed" }, { "question": "Where does a plant get the carbon dioxide that it needs for the dark reaction of photosynthesis?\n\nA. CO\u2082 is produced by the plant's own cellular respiration.\nB. CO\u2082 is obtained from water during photosynthesis.\nC. CO\u2082 enters through stomata and goes to chloroplasts for photosynthesis.\nD. CO\u2082 is absorbed through the roots from soil.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Energy In Organisms", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cdc40e0432cabe2734784fdd9d1952df" }, { "question": "What are some ecological important factors of mollusks?\n\nA. Shelter providers, pollinators, nutrient recyclers, and decomposers.\nB. Temperature regulators, seed dispersers, parasites, and predators.\nC. Water cleaners, biofiltrations, bioindicators, and food source.\nD. Soil aerators, carbon sequestrators, symbionts, and mutualists.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Animals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "14b1d2941478384fdf8a799394ff6b03" }, { "question": "Why is pcr used in dna sequencing?\n\nA. PCR is used to remove contaminants from DNA samples during sequencing.\nB. PCR is used to repair damaged DNA in sequencing.\nC. PCR is used in DNA sequencing to quickly copy small DNA samples millions of times.\nD. PCR is used to identify the function of specific genes in DNA sequencing.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetic Engineering", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b5aa9773b722169f2dd57d20b338a5e1" }, { "question": "How is a concentration gradient related to the process of diffusion?\n\nA. Concentration gradient determines the speed of diffusion, but not the direction of molecule movement.\nB. Concentration gradient is unrelated to diffusion and only affects solubility.\nC. Molecules diffuse from high to low concentration areas, down a concentration gradient, affecting diffusion rates.\nD. Molecules diffuse from low to high concentration areas, up a concentration gradient, slowing diffusion rates.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Movement In and Out of Cells", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e8aeadbff6911cc8176a8272c3350ce0" }, { "question": "In which cells of the body do both endocytosis and exocytosis take place?\n\nA. Only in nerve cells\nB. Limited to red blood cells\nC. Exclusively in muscle cells\nD. Vesicles move across plasma membrane\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Movement In and Out of Cells", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7534bc30bb7216bb6e2edca983a56cd5" }, { "question": "What is the name of the proces of RNA formation from DNA?\n\nA. Translation\nB. Replication\nC. Splicing\nD. Transcription\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Signal Transduction and Control of Gene Expression", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "32e2606b0ed36e267400a6327ca5007d" }, { "question": "What are human red blood cells?\n\nA. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, transport oxygen, and are disc-shaped biconcave cells.\nB. Red blood cells fight infections, produce antibodies, and are irregularly shaped cells.\nC. Red blood cells help in blood clotting, contain platelets, and are small, round cells.\nD. Red blood cells produce hormones, regulate body functions, and are long, thread-like cells.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Input and Output", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1b98aacacd59789b14ba695be72724ff" }, { "question": "What is peptidoglycan?\n\nA. Carbohydrate found in bacterial cell membranes.\nB. Protein responsible for bacterial cell division.\nC. Lipid that provides structural support for bacterial cells.\nD. Polymer of sugars and amino acids forming a mesh-like layer in bacterial cell walls.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Microorganisms", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "92cf345bb3d0e96cc1fc352f522ade59" }, { "question": "Why are HOX genes important?\n\nA. HOX genes regulate metabolic processes in animals.\nB. HOX genes control the aging process in animals.\nC. HOX genes protect animals from genetic mutations.\nD. HOX genes direct early embryonic development and proper placement of structures in animals.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Reproduction & Development", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c5c8690fab5f08c26e1a9b45eae5756e" }, { "question": "What are spiracles ?\n\nA. Spiracles are spiral-shaped structures in plants for support and nutrient transport.\nB. Spiracles are openings on insects' exoskeletons for air entry, regulating airflow with flap-like valves.\nC. Spiracles are tiny pores on human skin for releasing sweat and regulating temperature.\nD. Spiracles are cone-shaped cavities in bird lungs for efficient air exchange.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Animals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3231e7782117a20d5f68890d92731b7f" }, { "question": "What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?\n\nA. Primary succession follows disturbances, while secondary succession starts in pristine habitats.\nB. Primary succession occurs in aquatic habitats, while secondary succession occurs in terrestrial habitats.\nC. Primary succession starts in pristine habitats, while secondary succession follows disturbances.\nD. Primary succession involves plants, while secondary succession involves animals.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Change in Communities", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dca1d74466fbf5b073880f9f5742dfe9" }, { "question": "What are lipids soluble in?\n\nA. Polar solutions like water\nB. Non-polar solutions like hydrocarbons\nC. Basic solutions like ammonia\nD. Acidic solutions like vinegar\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cde60e180a714b2209082a5129b34dc0" }, { "question": "Which of these compounds are organic, which are inorganic : carbon monoxide, CO; glucose, $C_6H_12O_6$; ethanol, $CH_3CH_2OH$; hydrogen cyanide, HCN and octane, $C_8H_18$?\n\nA. Inorganic: C6H12O6, CH3CH2OH; Organic: CO, HCN, C8H18\nB. Inorganic: C8H18, HCN; Organic: CO, C6H12O6, CH3CH2OH\nC. Inorganic: CO, HCN; Organic: C6H12O6, CH3CH2OH, C8H18\nD. Inorganic: CO, C6H12O6; Organic: HCN, CH3CH2OH, C8H18\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0da38dca2090d6f652dc041f869f494a" }, { "question": "What is the difference between meiosis II and mitosis?\n\nA. Meiosis II requires two divisions; mitosis requires one division.\nB. Meiosis II occurs in plants; mitosis occurs in animals.\nC. Meiosis II involves DNA replication; mitosis does not.\nD. Meiosis II produces non-identical sex cells; mitosis produces identical body cells.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Eukaryotic Cell", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9693c13887f220a9e9309cd104c6d4ec" }, { "question": "What does a low water potential mean?\n\nA. Low water potential means fewer forces driving water to move from one place to another.\nB. Low water potential means water has a higher freezing point.\nC. Low water potential means higher forces driving water to move from one place to another.\nD. Low water potential means water is more likely to evaporate.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Movement In and Out of Cells", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "bcf4d06e2f7b9dc80105c87e801f6344" }, { "question": "What does the Hardy-Weinberg equation predict?\n\nA. Predicts genetic mutations.\nB. Estimates population growth.\nC. Calculates species extinction rates.\nD. Predicts allele frequencies in a population.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetics & Inheritance", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e1713681d33534420a2a15a6411f0f01" }, { "question": "How can coevolution contribute to speciation?\n\nA. Coevolution leads to speciation as interacting species evolve together, eventually becoming distinct from other populations of the same species.\nB. Coevolution prevents speciation by forcing species to maintain similar traits for survival.\nC. Coevolution causes speciation by increasing competition between species, leading to extinction.\nD. Coevolution indirectly influences speciation through environmental changes that affect species' habitats.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Evolution", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cd628b4571f161fc8ff7d1652e3c2625" }, { "question": "Why is western blot used to confirm elisa?\n\nA. Western blot confirms ELISA by checking the specificity of the antibody and identifying the size of the protein it binds to.\nB. Western blot reduces the time required for ELISA by simplifying the experimental procedure.\nC. Western blot improves the accuracy of ELISA by eliminating the need for a secondary antibody.\nD. Western blot enhances the sensitivity of ELISA by increasing the detection limit of the antibody.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetic Engineering", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "81928d2b69f89584c69e4858d8d9a5ae" }, { "question": "How does smoking affect the alveoli in the lungs?\n\nA. Smoking has no significant impact on alveoli or lung function.\nB. Toxins from smoking damage alveoli and their walls, reducing lung air capacity.\nC. Smoking increases alveoli efficiency, promoting healthy lung function.\nD. Toxins from smoking only affect bronchi, not alveoli in the lungs.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Input and Output", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "39f3efc3dc7188b72318c23c7e6747fa" }, { "question": "Respiration rids the body of what metabolic product?\n\nA. Glucose (C6H12O2)\nB. Oxygen (O2)\nC. Carbon dioxide (CO2)\nD. Water (H2O)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Energy In Organisms", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ec97a02fe0bd58504f1a33027d5509db" }, { "question": "What are penguins' physical adaptations?\n\nA. Long necks for fishing, sharp beaks for hunting, and camouflage feathers; females hunt while males guard nests.\nB. Thick fat layer, specialized feet, and wings for swimming; males store energy and protect eggs in groups.\nC. Flexible flippers for climbing, thick fur for warmth, and strong tails for swimming; males and females mate for life.\nD. Webbed feet for walking, strong legs for jumping, and waterproof feathers; males and females share parenting duties.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Animals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7d5cdb064f53df52757feb34f82b5c75" }, { "question": "Can we live with one kidney?\n\nA. Yes, but living with one kidney leads to severe health issues.\nB. People can live with one kidney, but they need constant medical support.\nC. Yes, people can live healthy lives with one kidney.\nD. No, humans cannot survive with only one kidney.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Input and Output", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "293e76c14f2685247382abc700f2c78a" }, { "question": "Whats the difference between genotype and gamete?\n\nA. Genotype is the genetic makeup of a trait, while gamete is a mature haploid germ cell for sexual reproduction.\nB. Genotype is a physical trait, while gamete is a reproductive cell.\nC. Genotype is a type of germ cell, while gamete is the genetic information of a trait.\nD. Genotype refers to an organism's appearance, while gamete is a diploid cell.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Reproduction & Development", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c30679566f71bd23b3ac14279bc3d430" }, { "question": "What monosaccharides make up cellulose?\n\nA. Galactose\nB. Mannose\nC. Fructose\nD. Glucose\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "baac9a1fdc52402c5c9d753ab73584dc" }, { "question": "What biotic and abiotic factors affected Bengal tigers?\n\nA. Biotic factors like food sources and forest cover, and abiotic factors like temperature, water, and climate affect Bengal tigers.\nB. Biotic factors like symbiotic relationships and predator-prey dynamics, and abiotic factors like wind patterns, humidity, and geographic location affect Bengal tigers.\nC. Biotic factors like competition and disease, and abiotic factors like natural disasters, sunlight, and air quality affect Bengal tigers.\nD. Biotic factors like plant species and human impact, and abiotic factors like soil type, altitude, and pollution affect Bengal tigers.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Elements of an Ecosystem", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1fc2221b2b2889f77c9059a211987865" }, { "question": "What are capillaries?\n\nA. Capillaries are protective layers around blood vessels.\nB. Capillaries are sites of substance exchange with surrounding interstitial fluid.\nC. Capillaries are large blood vessels carrying oxygen.\nD. Capillaries are muscle tissues controlling blood flow.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Input and Output", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f0fe5f03ebf09d4d1a1f7786ad18d0d9" }, { "question": "Why are nucleic acids important?\n\nA. Nucleic acids control cellular communication and movement.\nB. Nucleic acids store energy and regulate metabolism.\nC. Nucleic acids maintain cell structure and transport nutrients.\nD. Nucleic acids carry genes and synthesize proteins.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Enzymes", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "bbff02e197144ab41cd7f17d9c8ca6a2" }, { "question": "How do fermentation and anaerobic respiration differ?\n\nA. Fermentation uses oxygen, while anaerobic respiration does not.\nB. Fermentation produces more ATP than anaerobic respiration.\nC. Fermentation creates different end molecules without using the electron transport chain, while anaerobic respiration uses different final electron acceptors in the electron transport chain.\nD. Fermentation and anaerobic respiration are the same process with different names.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Energy In Organisms", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "533171f7e77c5bfcf1186c16e7949a13" }, { "question": "How are the three types of RNA different?\n\nA. rRNA brings amino acids, mRNA forms ribosome, tRNA copies DNA.\nB. tRNA forms ribosome, mRNA brings amino acids, rRNA copies DNA.\nC. mRNA copies DNA, rRNA forms ribosome, tRNA brings amino acids.\nD. mRNA forms ribosome, rRNA copies DNA, tRNA translates sequence.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "DNA Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0043eef028756120764077cf21b0bad7" }, { "question": "How can there be 64 codon combinations but only 20 possible amino acids?\n\nA. Some amino acids don't use codons at all.\nB. Multiple codons code for the same amino acid, and three codons are stop signals.\nC. Only 20 codons are used, with the rest being redundant.\nD. Each amino acid has a unique set of codons.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "DNA Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "33a6763b316d08c6a838605c1668a1d6" }, { "question": "What is the function of villi?\n\nA. Villi transport nutrients through the bloodstream.\nB. Villi store vitamins in the large intestine.\nC. Villi break down food in the stomach.\nD. Villi absorb nutrients and vitamins in the small intestine.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Input and Output", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "219b22f419e710aa18e4c26f8a8a20bd" }, { "question": "How can osmosis affect a cell?\n\nA. Osmosis can increase a cell's energy production.\nB. Osmosis can cause a cell to swell, burst, or shrivel up.\nC. Osmosis can trigger cell division.\nD. Osmosis can change a cell's genetic information.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Movement In and Out of Cells", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6b35fd981666459bbb701e3b7efadbba" }, { "question": "What is eukarya domain?\n\nA. Eukarya domain is a group of organisms that lack nuclei.\nB. Eukarya domain contains Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses.\nC. Eukarya domain includes Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.\nD. Eukarya domain consists of single-celled organisms only.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Animals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d8387c36c9f9f1fd4946822edc104cdc" }, { "question": "Why are phylogenetic trees hypotheses?\n\nA. Phylogenetic trees are hypotheses because they are based on genetic similarities and not physical traits.\nB. Phylogenetic trees are hypotheses because we can't witness species evolution and can't be 100% sure of evolutionary relationships.\nC. Phylogenetic trees are hypotheses because they rely on assumptions about mutation rates and not actual data.\nD. Phylogenetic trees are hypotheses because they are created by computer algorithms and not by direct observation.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Taxonomy and Systematics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a7132f416d6dfd57c7857ea4f1b661f4" }, { "question": "When energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next, about 90% of the energy is lost. If plants produce 1,000 kcal of energy, how much of the energy is passed to the next trophic level?\n\nA. 900 kcal\nB. 50 kcal\nC. 200 kcal\nD. 100 kcal\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Energy in Ecosystems", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a40d19ddcfeeb506d2769e3c3847e681" }, { "question": "Why is crossing over an important source of genetic variation?\n\nA. Crossing over repairs damaged DNA by exchanging parts between chromatids.\nB. Crossing over prevents genetic mutations by maintaining parental traits.\nC. Crossing over duplicates genetic information to ensure consistency.\nD. Crossing over creates new genetic combinations by swapping parts of sister chromatids from different parents.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Natural Selection", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9f4689e76b16bdda27924faf096b7d82" }, { "question": "Why are humans called heterotrophs?\n\nA. Humans are heterotrophs because they only eat meat.\nB. Humans are heterotrophs because they eat both plants and animals.\nC. Humans are heterotrophs because they only eat plants.\nD. Humans are heterotrophs because they can produce their own food.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Energy in Cells", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a20a54d7163b176595288f7d3b05ce6e" }, { "question": "What are vascular bundles?\n\nA. Vascular bundles are groups of cells in fungi, aiding in nutrient absorption and growth.\nB. Vascular bundles are clusters of veins and arteries in animals, supplying blood and oxygen.\nC. Vascular bundles are groups of xylem and phloem tissues in plants, providing transport and support.\nD. Vascular bundles are networks of nerves in the body, transmitting signals and information.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Plants", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7fd31d9dc669d779747202e77d9f9d6d" }, { "question": "How do cytokinesis and telophase differ?\n\nA. Cytokinesis is the last phase of mitosis, while telophase is the cell division process.\nB. Cytokinesis divides the cell, while telophase divides the nucleus.\nC. Telophase happens during cytokinesis, and both divide the nucleus.\nD. Telophase divides the cell, while cytokinesis divides the nucleus.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Eukaryotic Cell", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "49d2fc01cdef1f7e63905bf77b47ea1f" }, { "question": "What is the primary energy carrying molecule in metabolic pathways?\n\nA. FAD\nB. ATP\nC. NADH\nD. GTP\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Energy in Cells", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e0ea043f6e672cda3cdadc65739784ec" }, { "question": "What is bioenergetics?\n\nA. Examination of genetic inheritance\nB. Study of energy transformations in living organisms\nC. Analysis of biological structures\nD. Investigation of cellular communication\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Energy in Cells", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e7b76f8cf6917982c4a184f16d23ea6c" }, { "question": "Which field of biology studies the structures of different species of animals?\n\nA. Botany\nB. Genetics\nC. Ecology\nD. Zoology\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Animals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c0a6fdeb12af62fa1b1b2b1fe4b2a1d8" }, { "question": "Why must a hen sit on her eggs?\n\nA. To maintain temperature and prevent embryo sticking.\nB. To protect from predators.\nC. To speed up the hatching process.\nD. To keep the eggs clean.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Animals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f0acac76fd1d9e3e9dcd98db17b73d24" }, { "question": "What type of cancer causes the most deaths in males?\n\nA. Lung and Bronchitis\nB. Colon and Rectum\nC. Prostate\nD. Pancreas\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Eukaryotic Cell", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f876bf5cfe4570ca5b652f575b7bfcd4" }, { "question": "Why is compartmentalization in eukaryotic cells important?\n\nA. Compartmentalization ensures efficient use of energy and prevents unwanted reactions.\nB. Compartmentalization increases cell size and complexity.\nC. Compartmentalization allows for faster cell replication.\nD. Compartmentalization reduces the need for cellular communication.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Cell Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3ab77a190290f845ee2b8db5985451d6" }, { "question": "How does genetic drift affect the hardy-weinberg equilibrium?\n\nA. Genetic drift doesn't affect the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.\nB. Genetic drift increases the rate of mutations in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.\nC. Genetic drift causes rapid changes in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.\nD. Genetic drift stabilizes the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Evolution", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e62ec0b88834b0630e4bb5457d6f447b" }, { "question": "Why is tRNA important in translation?\n\nA. tRNA transports lipids across cell membranes.\nB. tRNA breaks down proteins for digestion.\nC. tRNA assists in the replication of DNA.\nD. tRNA recognizes amino acids and transfers them to ribosomes for protein synthesis.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Signal Transduction and Control of Gene Expression", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "496cb1ec07ca56a361fdba34a1c6eef4" }, { "question": "What does the cell membrane control?\n\nA. Produces energy for the cell\nB. Controls movement of substances using simple diffusion\nC. Stores genetic information\nD. Regulates cell division and growth\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Movement In and Out of Cells", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "26093ba470c6d3dfa193d1ed98838038" }, { "question": "Why is the microscope important to medical laboratory technology?\n\nA. Microscope improves accuracy in measuring liquid volumes in medical labs.\nB. Microscope helps in monitoring chemical reactions in pharmaceutical labs.\nC. Microscope assists in diagnosing diseases through imaging techniques.\nD. Microscope helps in analyzing blood cells, urine, bacteria, and parasites in medical labs.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Cell Structure and Function", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "97867026631fe8b6bcb7f3068ddd2bec" }, { "question": "Which statement describes what occurs in both animal and plant cells?\n\nA. Chloroplasts are found in both animal and plant cells.\nB. Photosynthesis occurs in both animal and plant cells.\nC. Cell walls are present in both animal and plant cells.\nD. Mitosis occurs in both animal and plant cells.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Cell Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "636789a870c9d63c7aef658744ec8508" }, { "question": "Why do all organic compounds contain carbon?\n\nA. Carbon is essential for life, so it's present in all organic compounds.\nB. Organic compounds need carbon for stability and reactivity.\nC. Organic compounds are defined as carbon-containing molecules.\nD. Organic compounds have carbon due to their natural origin.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2c2ec9097b9103ed32478c363d7149f7" }, { "question": "What is the Theory of Biogenesis?\n\nA. Life arises from preexisting life.\nB. Life is produced by inorganic processes.\nC. Life is created through spontaneous generation.\nD. Life originates from nonliving matter.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Origin of Life on Earth", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9d8ea99130609ccb902d042099281f59" }, { "question": "What do alcohol fermentation, acetyl CoA formation, and the Krebs cycle have in common?\n\nA. All involve the breakdown of a six-carbon compound into smaller compounds.\nB. All are part of the process of photosynthesis.\nC. All produce energy in the form of ATP.\nD. All require oxygen for their reactions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Energy in Cells", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d0e3fbfa13b1c701f674202132c14b25" }, { "question": "What is the age limit for using radioactive carbon dating?\n\nA. 28,500 years\nB. 85,500 years\nC. 57,000 years\nD. 114,000 years\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Origin of Life on Earth", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5b75f10fc44fc5f1eb25587ea84f03e4" }, { "question": "What is bulk transport?\n\nA. Bulk transport refers to the mass movement of substances within an organism, like blood circulation and muscle contractions, independent of cellular processes.\nB. Bulk transport includes endocytosis and exocytosis, both active processes requiring ATP, to move substances like hormones and polysaccharides in and out of cells.\nC. Bulk transport involves passive diffusion and facilitated diffusion, moving substances like ions and small molecules across cell membranes without ATP.\nD. Bulk transport is the movement of large amounts of materials through the bloodstream, such as nutrients and waste products, without cellular interaction.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Movement In and Out of Cells", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d543c0803910d46d2df64888d1b2f090" }, { "question": "Why is it ineffective to treat viral disease with antibiotics?\n\nA. Viruses develop resistance to antibiotics quickly.\nB. Antibiotics can't penetrate the protective coating of viruses.\nC. Antibiotics target bacterial cell walls, not viral reproduction.\nD. Antibiotics only work on specific virus strains.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Microorganisms", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6188256d06180481a5e801fbb0c053dd" }, { "question": "What occurs during the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?\n\nA. Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight for energy storage.\nB. Calvin cycle produces carbohydrate molecules using stored energy.\nC. Light-independent reactions occur on the membrane.\nD. Photophosphorylation reactions produce starch.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Energy In Organisms", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b3b2455cc6c3516745a23e8a31914f56" }, { "question": "How do lipids differ from proteins?\n\nA. Lipids have C, H, O elements and triglyceride units, while proteins have C, H, O, N, S elements and amino acid units.\nB. Lipids have C, H, O, N elements and peptide units, while proteins have C, H, O, N, S elements and fatty acid units.\nC. Lipids have C, H, O elements and amino acid units, while proteins have C, H, O, N, S elements and triglyceride units.\nD. Lipids have C, H, O, N, S elements and glycerol units, while proteins have C, H, O elements and fatty acid units.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "078d50347f30ef94fa72e7a1a1362d27" }, { "question": "Which one is larger, human egg cell or red blood cell?\n\nA. White blood cell\nB. Platelet\nC. Human egg cell\nD. Red blood cell\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Input and Output", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f62f8dbac18a24c972cf564b137ecfb8" }, { "question": "What did Charles Darwin observe in finch populations on the Gal\u00e1pagos Islands off the coast of South America?\n\nA. Darwin observed finches with different beak shapes adapted to their food sources.\nB. Darwin discovered new finch species unrelated to South American finches.\nC. Darwin observed finches with identical beaks despite living in different environments.\nD. Darwin found finches that could change their beak shapes at will.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Evolution", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "694d418c16b7e304158874cdf2e6ac20" }, { "question": "How can interferons inhibit viral replication?\n\nA. Interferons activate molecules that prevent proper viral DNA production, stopping replication and spread.\nB. Interferons strengthen the cell membrane, preventing viruses from entering cells.\nC. Interferons directly destroy viral DNA, stopping replication and spread.\nD. Interferons increase body temperature, making it difficult for viruses to replicate and spread.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Microorganisms", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "74cc44a672feb9292f655c460ca0aea0" }, { "question": "What is a cold desert?\n\nA. A cold desert is an extremely arid region with little or no plant/animal life and low temperatures.\nB. A cold desert is a snowy region with abundant plant and animal life.\nC. A cold desert is a region with high humidity and freezing temperatures.\nD. A cold desert is a region with moderate rainfall and low temperatures.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Elements of an Ecosystem", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "49a8c94d28aca63484d3ea779ce12f24" }, { "question": "What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis 1?\n\nA. Mitosis involves cell growth, while meiosis 1 involves cell repair.\nB. Mitosis only occurs in animals, while meiosis 1 occurs in plants.\nC. Mitosis creates identical cells, while meiosis 1 creates diverse cells with half the chromosomes.\nD. Mitosis creates cells with double the chromosomes, while meiosis 1 maintains the same number.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Eukaryotic Cell", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c57f3f030bee983eca0c4e2eb6a9902b" }, { "question": "Why do bones support the body?\n\nA. Bones help in blood circulation and body movement.\nB. Bones insulate the body from external forces.\nC. Bones store nutrients for body support.\nD. Bones provide a body framework and shape with muscles.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Structure and Motion", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dd04d773f1aa725db6a7d26ceee35788" }, { "question": "What changes are happening to the earth's biomes?\n\nA. Earth's biomes are experiencing no significant changes, maintaining stable temperatures, habitats, and weather patterns despite carbon gas emissions.\nB. Earth's biomes are becoming more diverse, with new species emerging, increased vegetation growth, and more stable weather patterns due to carbon gas emissions.\nC. Earth's biomes are undergoing a cooling trend, with polar ice caps expanding, habitats shifting towards colder climates, and a decrease in storm intensity due to carbon gas emissions.\nD. Earth's biomes are experiencing rising temperatures, melting polar ice caps, altered habitats, increased forest fires, and more severe storms and flooding due to carbon gas emissions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Elements of an Ecosystem", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "326f3967ff0951e50eb7d3e13156c3d7" }, { "question": "The word carbohydrate is derived from carbon and water (hydrate). Why does this combination correctly describes this chemical group.?\n\nA. Carbon and water form carbohydrates because they are the primary components of all living organisms.\nB. Carbohydrates have a formula like glucose ($C_6H_12O_6$), which can be broken down into carbon atoms and water molecules.\nC. Carbohydrates consist of carbon and water because they can only dissolve in water-based solutions.\nD. Carbohydrates are derived from carbon and water because they are essential for plant photosynthesis.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a7557c8b9320e8f5bfa94aad4e84afa4" }, { "question": "Why is meiosis known as reduction division?\n\nA. Meiosis increases the ploidy number but reduces the chromosome number.\nB. Meiosis halves the ploidy number and chromosome number.\nC. Meiosis doubles the ploidy number and chromosome number.\nD. Meiosis maintains the same ploidy number and chromosome number.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Eukaryotic Cell", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "00d52af63644dbee475ee0637c444565" }, { "question": "What is the effect of an inhibitor on enzyme activity?\n\nA. Inhibitor has no effect on enzyme activity.\nB. Inhibitor increases enzyme activity.\nC. Inhibitor stabilizes enzyme activity.\nD. Inhibitor decreases enzyme activity.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Enzymes", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "184679ad140b74b05280e8d89f3e9242" }, { "question": "Why are archaea in a different domain from bacteria?\n\nA. Identical metabolic pathways and behavior\nB. Distinct molecular structure and division method\nC. Similar genetic makeup and reproduction\nD. Same cell wall composition and function\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Microorganisms", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8a2a116a282feee532fbb0febaf4c4c7" }, { "question": "How much water is excreted in feces?\n\nA. 150 mL\nB. 50 mL\nC. 100 mL\nD. 200 mL\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Animals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4cba1170a21cf609c0ff375b09fa13db" }, { "question": "What is the nature of FSH?\n\nA. Homodimer with identical units\nB. Monomer with single polypeptide\nC. Trimer with alpha, beta, and gamma units\nD. Heterodimer with alpha and beta units\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Coordination and Control", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "645726a5328a831289af50831da46df0" }, { "question": "What are molecular clocks based on?\n\nA. Molecular clocks are based on nucleotide sequences for DNA or amino acid sequences for proteins.\nB. Molecular clocks are based on atomic vibrations within molecules.\nC. Molecular clocks are based on the decay rate of radioactive isotopes.\nD. Molecular clocks are based on the movement of celestial bodies.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Taxonomy and Systematics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "79c6bff4c743ba2521b6095e890a5d38" }, { "question": "How are combustion and metabolism similar?\n\nA. Both are oxidation reactions producing energy, CO2, and H2O; combustion releases heat, metabolism releases ATP.\nB. Both are exothermic processes producing heat and light; combustion uses oxygen, metabolism uses glucose.\nC. Both involve breaking down molecules, producing waste, and providing energy; combustion releases oxygen, metabolism releases CO2.\nD. Both involve chemical reactions, release energy, and produce waste; combustion is controlled, metabolism is uncontrolled.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Energy in Cells", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3eb1cc3fb2cd3035f816faafd842dc7b" }, { "question": "Why are red blood cells biconcave?\n\nA. Biconcave shape helps in cell division.\nB. Biconcave shape optimizes blood flow and increases flexibility.\nC. Biconcave shape stores more oxygen.\nD. Biconcave shape improves cell communication.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Input and Output", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dc2c61354f2976df787689aa9abde9e8" }, { "question": "How do bones do work?\n\nA. Bones work by using energy stored within them.\nB. Bones work by generating force through tendons.\nC. Bones work by muscles contracting and relaxing, moving connected bones.\nD. Bones work by expanding and contracting themselves.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Structure and Motion", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "821a7a0b407eef630525aed672b4922f" }, { "question": "How do you calculate atoms of an element?\n\nA. Use chemical formula for compound composition; use moles and Avogadro's number for quantity.\nB. Count atoms visually in a sample.\nC. Measure the volume and density of the element.\nD. Use element's atomic weight alone.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d1ef058125175188fbda436a0b6f368c" }, { "question": "Why are phylogenetic trees revised?\n\nA. Phylogenetic trees are revised to accommodate extinct species.\nB. Phylogenetic trees are revised due to errors in the initial design.\nC. Phylogenetic trees are revised due to new information and constant change in biology.\nD. Phylogenetic trees are revised based on popular scientific opinions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Taxonomy and Systematics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d299fb0771be0d085dfd287e54d42f28" }, { "question": "What are the genotype and phenotype of a plant that has the genotype $\"RR\"$ for leaf color and $\"Tt\"$ for height? Red leaf color is dominant and tall height is dominant.\n\nA. Genotype: RRTt; Phenotype: Red leaves, Tall height\nB. Genotype: RRTt; Phenotype: Green leaves, Short height\nC. Genotype: RRTt; Phenotype: Red leaves, Short height\nD. Genotype: RRTt; Phenotype: Green leaves, Tall height\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetics & Inheritance", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4a746e13b7b4c8d8e11bae4de5c9fe04" }, { "question": "How does the tail-to-tail arrangement affect the process of simple diffusion across the plasma membrane?\n\nA. Tail-to-tail arrangement forms a rigid barrier, preventing any molecules from passing through the membrane.\nB. Tail-to-tail arrangement creates a polar region, allowing only polar molecules to pass through the membrane.\nC. Tail-to-tail arrangement creates a nonpolar region, affecting simple diffusion by allowing only nonpolar molecules to pass through the membrane easily.\nD. Tail-to-tail arrangement increases membrane permeability, allowing all molecules to pass through easily.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Movement In and Out of Cells", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5803bbfabaffe88368cb5ca9cda16b38" }, { "question": "Are the chemoautotrophs some kind of bacteria?\n\nA. No, chemoautotrophs are a type of protozoa.\nB. Yes, chemoautotrophs are a type of bacteria.\nC. Yes, chemoautotrophs are a type of algae.\nD. No, chemoautotrophs are a type of fungi.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Input and Output", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fa855bd9f1fd282758ce02b9dcea33de" }, { "question": "Is sugar an organic or inorganic compound?\n\nA. Sugar is a radioactive compound.\nB. Sugar is an organic compound.\nC. Sugar is an inorganic compound.\nD. Sugar is a metallic compound.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8e462605f89ba9b978fbd3aebe72522b" }, { "question": "How can we stop, reduce or prevent desertification?\n\nA. Increase deforestation and ignore environmental issues.\nB. Focus only on economic development without environmental planning.\nC. Promote forest fires and jhum cultivation.\nD. Control desertification through afforestation and sustainable development plans.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Human Impact on Ecosystems", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6b0ab0f8fd8104e1692306bd90f9c620" }, { "question": "How does dna methylation affect the regulation of transcription?\n\nA. DNA methylation only inhibits transcription by blocking the binding of transcription factors.\nB. DNA methylation can both enable and inhibit transcription by affecting chromatin unwinding from histones.\nC. DNA methylation always promotes transcription by helping chromatin unwind from histones.\nD. DNA methylation directly alters the genetic code, resulting in changes to transcription.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetics & Inheritance", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "726ba795ed9b25855060b07b4901e6f0" }, { "question": "What are the abiotic and biotic factors of a coastal habitat?\n\nA. Abiotic: soil, sunlight, rain, temperature; Biotic: trees, grass, insects\nB. Abiotic: sea water, sand, air, wind; Biotic: seagulls, crabs, pelicans\nC. Abiotic: rocks, humidity, altitude, climate; Biotic: mountain goats, eagles, lichen\nD. Abiotic: river current, sediment, oxygen; Biotic: fish, algae, aquatic plants\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Elements of an Ecosystem", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "37527053abe0e4c065a413801b070248" }, { "question": "How do water molecules move through the cell membrane during osmosis?\n\nA. Water molecules move from low to high concentration through a semi-permeable membrane during osmosis.\nB. Water molecules stay in place and solute particles move through the membrane during osmosis.\nC. Water molecules move randomly without a concentration gradient through a semi-permeable membrane during osmosis.\nD. Water molecules move from high to low concentration through a fully permeable membrane during osmosis.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Movement In and Out of Cells", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ea417b6bd568c6126421b54a6f349cb2" }, { "question": "What is radial symmetry?\n\nA. Radial symmetry is a characteristic of organisms with star-shaped body structures.\nB. Radial symmetry is a feature of organisms that can only be divided equally along one line.\nC. Radial symmetry means an organism looks the same when rotated in a circle at multiple points.\nD. Radial symmetry refers to organisms with a circular body shape.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Animals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "51655f52ce7ea9fda05fc2b399302f1e" }, { "question": "What is the biosphere?\n\nA. The biosphere is the study of life's interactions with the physical environment, also known as ecology.\nB. The biosphere is Earth's part where life exists, integrating all living beings and their interactions with the environment.\nC. The biosphere is a self-contained artificial environment for studying ecosystems and human impact.\nD. The biosphere is Earth's outermost layer, consisting of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Human Impact on Ecosystems", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0d8e301100184dc7169ace6a0c879dac" }, { "question": "How do I find the genotypic and phenotypic ratio in a punnett square?\n\nA. Phenotypic ratio: 9:3:1:3; Genotypic ratio: 1:1:2:4:1:2:1:2:2\nB. Phenotypic ratio: 1:2:2:4; Genotypic ratio: 9:3:3:1\nC. Phenotypic ratio: 3:3:3:1; Genotypic ratio: 2:2:2:4:1:2:2:2:1\nD. Phenotypic ratio: 9:3:3:1; Genotypic ratio: 1:2:2:4:1:2:1:2:1\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetics & Inheritance", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4b794803bf64dfe55fdd31f16652d607" }, { "question": "What is surface area to volume ratio?\n\nA. SA:V ratio is the surface area of an organism divided by its volume, affecting diffusion and transport of substances.\nB. SA:V ratio is the volume of an organism divided by its surface area, determining its shape and size.\nC. SA:V ratio is the ratio between an organism's surface area and its mass, influencing its ability to maintain temperature.\nD. SA:V ratio is the surface area of an organism multiplied by its volume, impacting its growth and development.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Cell Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "54b7fdb94110ba402792f928096a8935" }, { "question": "How do you determine carrying capacity?\n\nA. $K = (r(K/2)(1-K))/(dN)/dt]$\nB. $K = (r(K/2)(1+K/2))/[(dN)/dt]$\nC. $K = (r(K/2)(1-K/2))/[(dN)/dt]^2$\nD. $K = (r(K/2)(1-K/2))/[(dN)/dt]$\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Change in Communities", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d10b971bbb69507649538b222e49e8ac" }, { "question": "Why is oxygen and blood important to working muscles?\n\nA. Blood transports hormones to muscles, controls pH balance, and removes toxins.\nB. Blood carries glucose to muscles, maintains electrolyte balance, and removes lactic acid.\nC. Blood supplies nutrients to muscles, regulates temperature, and removes waste products.\nD. Blood carries oxygen to muscles, helps produce ATP, and removes carbon dioxide.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Origin of Life on Earth", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "34a7182751c1b6112e03d9f285b3eb55" }, { "question": "How are lipids important to living things?\n\nA. Lipids facilitate nerve transmission, support immune function, and maintain fluid balance.\nB. Lipids store energy, form cell membranes, provide waterproof coverings, and insulate heat.\nC. Lipids transport nutrients, strengthen cell walls, and regulate body temperature.\nD. Lipids aid digestion, produce hormones, and protect internal organs.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e14134d482b1d2c21f015d604e441593" }, { "question": "What does the alveoli in the lungs do?\n\nA. Filter dust particles from the air\nB. Produce mucus to trap bacteria\nC. Exchange gases between blood capillaries and alveoli\nD. Transport oxygen to body cells\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Input and Output", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3365f5121b6b5ec5a244fe4b854a8ca2" }, { "question": "How long after conception is the body completely formed?\n\nA. 8th week of conception\nB. 16th week of conception\nC. 12th week of conception\nD. 20th week of conception\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Reproduction & Development", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "452acb682e6a9204e923f88cdd868659" }, { "question": "Most members of which class of chordates exhibit a mixture of aquatic and terrestrial adaptations?\n\nA. Amphibians\nB. Mammals\nC. Reptiles\nD. Birds\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Animals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8c9d53b928e96e3798c6d8ffcbea6ed6" }, { "question": "What are nucleotides?\n\nA. Nucleotides have a nitrogenous base, a 5 carbon sugar, and no phosphate group.\nB. Nucleotides have a nitrogenous base, a 6 carbon sugar, and a phosphate group.\nC. Nucleotides have no nitrogenous base, a 5 carbon sugar, and a phosphate group.\nD. Nucleotides have a nitrogenous base, a 5 carbon sugar, and a phosphate group.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fc626297bfc31901dfc5e363b6167783" }, { "question": "How is surface area to volume ratio related to cell size?\n\nA. Cells maximize surface area and volume to increase their capacity to store and transport materials.\nB. Cells maintain a constant surface area to volume ratio to balance structural stability and metabolic efficiency.\nC. Cells reduce obvious surface area to efficiently perform functions, using cilia, dips, folds, and ridges to maximize surface area for reactions.\nD. Cells increase surface area to improve nutrient absorption, using smooth surfaces to minimize energy expenditure.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Cell Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "087cf14c59248dd4caf2ad8c6cd7bcfb" }, { "question": "Why are sperm and egg haploid cells?\n\nA. Sperm and egg are haploid to increase genetic diversity.\nB. Sperm and egg are haploid to maintain a constant number of chromosomes in a species.\nC. Sperm and egg are haploid to speed up cell division.\nD. Sperm and egg are haploid to enhance fertilization success.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Reproduction & Development", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5847b1a74538be132740ec1856d5d276" }, { "question": "Why are atoms and molecules important to cell processes?\n\nA. Atoms and molecules are irrelevant to cell processes.\nB. Atoms and molecules compose cells and are essential for energy production.\nC. Atoms and molecules only provide protection for cells.\nD. Cells use atoms and molecules only for structural support.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Cell Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "51ec945d4a80fbb6f45326f133cb2e8c" }, { "question": "What are the differences between phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and exocytosis?\n\nA. Phagocytosis engulfs liquids, pinocytosis engulfs solids, and exocytosis releases substances.\nB. Phagocytosis engulfs solids, pinocytosis engulfs liquids, and exocytosis releases substances.\nC. Phagocytosis engulfs solids, pinocytosis engulfs gases, and exocytosis releases substances.\nD. Phagocytosis engulfs solids, pinocytosis engulfs liquids, and exocytosis absorbs substances.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Movement In and Out of Cells", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "379c693549e6a08c754bd76970ab7975" }, { "question": "What is immunological memory?\n\nA. Immunological memory is the weakening of the immune system over time due to repeated exposure to pathogens.\nB. Immunological memory is the process of creating new antibodies to fight off infections.\nC. Immunological memory is the ability of the immune system to remember and quickly respond to previously encountered pathogens.\nD. Immunological memory is the body's ability to adapt and become immune to specific pathogens without vaccination.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Immunity", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e4b28015cc9bcb05660bbe8c267f051f" }, { "question": "How do you use the Hardy-Weinberg principle?\n\nA. Apply Hardy-Weinberg principle to predict evolutionary changes.\nB. Employ Hardy-Weinberg principle to analyze protein structures.\nC. Use Hardy-Weinberg principle to determine allele frequencies and genetic load in a population.\nD. Utilize Hardy-Weinberg principle to study gene expression patterns.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetics & Inheritance", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0097883691da1257b032bd18964e0656" }, { "question": "How do you calculate half life of carbon 14?\n\nA. $t_(1/2) = (t*ln(N_0/N_t))/ln2$\nB. $t_(1/2) = (t*ln2)/ln(N_0/N_t)$\nC. $t_(1/2) = (t*ln2)/(N_0-N_t)$\nD. $t_(1/2) = (t*ln(N_0/N_t))/ln10$\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Origin of Life on Earth", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9559dd80263de8d0cb138e85ea231878" }, { "question": "Is an oak tree a producer?\n\nA. Yes, an oak tree is a producer.\nB. An oak tree is neither a producer nor a consumer.\nC. No, an oak tree is a decomposer.\nD. No, an oak tree is a consumer.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Plants", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "06a8cc3d103a73dd1d82970da0369e5c" }, { "question": "Why does an organism need energy and a constant supply of materials?\n\nA. Organisms need energy and materials to change their physical appearance.\nB. Organisms need energy and materials to grow, maintain existence, and counteract entropy.\nC. Organisms require energy and materials to communicate with other organisms.\nD. Organisms use energy and materials to reproduce asexually.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Cell Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2d887e67dbc1b84d921678f8f29020be" }, { "question": "What are mendel's laws of inheritance ?\n\nA. Genetic Drift, Gene Flow, Mutation\nB. Linked Genes, Epistasis, Pleiotropy\nC. Dominance, Segregation, Independent Assortment\nD. Codominance, Incomplete Dominance, Polygenic Inheritance\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetics & Inheritance", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0ca78c4e91aa3049306873bba22881bb" }, { "question": "Is there any similarity between reproductive system of human and that of frog?\n\nA. Only the male reproductive systems are similar.\nB. No, there are no similarities between them.\nC. Yes, they are almost identical in structure and function.\nD. Yes, both have paired testes/ovaries and outlets for sperms/eggs.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Reproduction & Development", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a230caa209c8bdc3a869164824700681" }, { "question": "What is the central idea of evolution?\n\nA. Natural selection and survival of the fittest through random mutations.\nB. Constant improvement of species through intentional changes.\nC. Random genetic changes leading to immediate new species formation.\nD. Gradual transformation of species by environmental factors.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Evolution", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "46931c4aa60ee6991d75a7acfe2dc42a" }, { "question": "Are dominant alleles always expressed in the phenotype?\n\nA. Dominant alleles completely suppress recessive alleles, leading to a single, uniform phenotype.\nB. Dominant alleles are always expressed, but their penetrance can vary, leading to different levels of expression in the phenotype.\nC. Dominant alleles are expressed only when paired with a recessive allele, otherwise they remain hidden.\nD. Dominant alleles are never expressed, only recessive alleles determine the phenotype.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetics & Inheritance", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "279ddf5186856098177866a43e2bf6c7" }, { "question": "What important role is served by fungi in ecosystems?\n\nA. Fungi protect plants from harmful insects and diseases.\nB. Fungi serve as decomposers, breaking down dead matter into nutrients for soil.\nC. Fungi increase water retention in the soil for plant growth.\nD. Fungi provide energy by photosynthesis for ecosystem growth.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Fungi", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "811849f5f65086bc124d79203a3cd70b" }, { "question": "What surrounds the alveoli in the lungs?\n\nA. Capillaries carrying deoxygenated blood\nB. Pleural membrane\nC. Bronchioles with mucus\nD. Smooth muscle tissue\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Input and Output", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0a66ea944e6170298986b31ac400a3ba" }, { "question": "What do fungi and arthropods have in common?\n\nA. Photosynthesis for energy production\nB. Chitin in cell walls and exoskeletons\nC. Both are single-celled organisms\nD. Similar reproductive processes\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Fungi", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d051706c0b1f89992adb170339325eac" }, { "question": "How many ATP molecules are produced during the three steps of aerobic respiration?\n\nA. 38 ATP\nB. 36 ATP\nC. 32 ATP\nD. 34 ATP\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Energy In Organisms", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6276be78a8260d2f351328e8d6fbcea1" }, { "question": "What strand of mRNA would be produced from the strand of DNA \"GCA TTA\"?\n\nA. ACGUUA\nB. CGUAAU\nC. GCAUUA\nD. CGAUUA\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "DNA Structure and Function", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9f04c95f415bf4c0be4f6bd195cf4e8d" }, { "question": "What are unipotent cells?\n\nA. Unipotent cells are cells that can differentiate into any cell type and are found in the early stages of embryonic development.\nB. Unipotent cells are cells that have lost their ability to divide and are involved in tissue regeneration.\nC. Unipotent cells can self-renew, divide asymmetrically, and serve as a reserve to generate large numbers of a specific cell type when needed.\nD. Unipotent cells are cells that can generate a limited number of cell types and are usually found in adult tissues.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Cells, Tissues, Organs, Systems", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "675f72d0dbdfffa69d5f0323aa4248b6" }, { "question": "What is rnai?\n\nA. RNAi is a process that enhances gene expression in cells.\nB. RNAi is a defense mechanism that destroys double-stranded RNA in the body.\nC. RNAi is a method for detecting RNA mutations in the body.\nD. RNAi is a technique for creating synthetic RNA molecules.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Signal Transduction and Control of Gene Expression", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f549f8019967c67ad5178712da48ef06" }, { "question": "How would you define physical defense of plants?\n\nA. Photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, and reproduction.\nB. Impenetrable bark, waxy cuticle, hard shells, thorns, and spines.\nC. Flexible stems, soft leaves, shallow roots, and bright colors.\nD. Tropisms, photoperiodism, dormancy, and senescence.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Plants", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "91e61d23d0b57d4811b48d82d0d36079" }, { "question": "What are the abiotic and biotic factors of a salt water crocodile?\n\nA. Desert, humidity, rainfall; reptiles, amphibians, insects; habitat destruction, invasive species, predator-prey relationships\nB. Forest, grasslands, soil composition; herbivores, plants, fungi; symbiotic relationships, nutrient cycling, climate\nC. Cold temperatures, mountains, rocky areas; insects, birds, plants; disease, pollution, competition\nD. Tropical heat, water bodies, sandy areas; fish, turtles, mammals; egg predators, vegetation\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Elements of an Ecosystem", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5bfe8bda662adf94c4799a9f82fdc54c" }, { "question": "What is one major difference between the phosphorous and carbon cycles?\n\nA. Phosphorus is essential for ATP and root development, while carbon is crucial for chemical reactions and energy supply.\nB. Phosphorus is essential for photosynthesis, while carbon is vital for cellular respiration.\nC. Phosphorus is crucial for DNA replication, while carbon is essential for enzyme production.\nD. Phosphorus is important for protein synthesis, while carbon is crucial for cell division.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Change in Communities", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2662c20d8c305ce378edff1c36369145" }, { "question": "Why GAPDH is used in Western Blot?\n\nA. GAPDH is used as a loading control in Western blot to ensure equal protein amounts in different lanes.\nB. GAPDH is used to visualize the protein bands in Western blot.\nC. GAPDH is used to increase the sensitivity of Western blot.\nD. GAPDH is used as a primary antibody to detect specific proteins.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetic Engineering", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "653d95a761a2460db9db1a8fd897a579" }, { "question": "How do ribosomes differ from lysosomes?\n\nA. Ribosomes translate mRNA into proteins, while lysosomes destroy worn-out organelles and invaders.\nB. Ribosomes produce energy, while lysosomes maintain cell shape.\nC. Ribosomes store genetic material, while lysosomes synthesize proteins.\nD. Ribosomes transport materials, while lysosomes replicate DNA.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Cell Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "98a7a7a1d19f3b97ca28ef36f6a8f4a0" }, { "question": "Which region of the grasshopper's body is specialized for sensory functions?\n\nA. Wings, legs, and antennae\nB. Thorax, wings, and legs\nC. Head, abdomen, and legs\nD. Head, thorax, and abdomen\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Animals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "befd02c4e4c1959be7daf968f4be3207" }, { "question": "Why does DNA polymerase proofread the new strand?\n\nA. DNA polymerase proofreads the new strand to add extra genetic information.\nB. DNA polymerase proofreads the new strand to repair errors, preventing cancer and genetic disorders.\nC. DNA polymerase proofreads the new strand to remove unnecessary genes.\nD. DNA polymerase proofreads the new strand to increase replication speed.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "DNA Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f914f49d844e938825ebc7092a9b10f4" }, { "question": "What is biogeography?\n\nA. Biogeography is the analysis of how geological processes shape the Earth's surface, focusing on landforms, rock formations, and natural resources distribution.\nB. Biogeography is the study of organisms and biological communities' distribution along geographic gradients, combining ecology, evolutionary biology, and physical geography.\nC. Biogeography is the examination of weather patterns and climate systems, investigating their influence on ecosystems and human activities.\nD. Biogeography is the study of geographical features and their impact on human populations, including migration patterns, cultural exchanges, and economic development.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Evolution", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "248a8006c6da443ad9425060824815de" }, { "question": "In humans, where does DNA replication take place?\n\nA. Golgi apparatus and lysosomes\nB. Ribosomes and peroxisomes\nC. Nucleus and mitochondria\nD. Cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "DNA Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0e68e9b93a443eeb1d65100ff5996c67" }, { "question": "What is the ultimate source of variation needed for evolutionary change?\n\nA. Environmental adaptations\nB. Gene flow between populations\nC. Mutations in DNA sequence of genome\nD. Natural selection process\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Natural Selection", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a64e65482a3440ebea0a3b379942742d" }, { "question": "What causes many endangered species that are now found only in zoos to have very little genetic variation?\n\nA. Adaptation to human presence and pollution.\nB. Poaching and habitat destruction decrease genetic variation in endangered species.\nC. Overpopulation and competition for resources.\nD. Natural disasters and climate change.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Natural Selection", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9d278d5acb0c412eed71bbc3b49c1539" }, { "question": "What is the golgi apparatus?\n\nA. Cell part for DNA replication\nB. Cell organelle for packaging and shipping proteins\nC. Cell component for waste removal\nD. Cell structure for energy production\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Cell Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1217e3da68524727b08a46d46210abad" }, { "question": "Who is credited with creating the first accurate model of DNA?\n\nA. Rosalind Franklin\nB. Maurice Wilkins\nC. Watson and Crick\nD. Linus Pauling\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "DNA Structure and Function", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1259deea4ac7c9a076e612568b75cba4" }, { "question": "How do the properties of water support life on earth?\n\nA. Supports life through its liquid state, high heat capacity, solvency, and ice's lower density.\nB. Facilitates life with its solid state, varying heat capacity, minimal solvency, and ice's fluctuating density.\nC. Aids life by evaporating quickly, low heat capacity, limited solvency, and ice's higher density.\nD. Supports life due to its gaseous state, moderate heat capacity, selective solvency, and ice's equal density.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Origin of Life on Earth", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4eadd4877e0a65aada9b8a855cc5d497" }, { "question": "What kind of reaction breaks down polymers into monomers?\n\nA. Hydrolysis\nB. Condensation reaction\nC. Dehydration synthesis\nD. Redox reaction\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Molecular Biology Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e16c6709271ccf2c2e59f5df1cd90157" }, { "question": "How are biomes formed?\n\nA. Biomes are formed by human influence and land use patterns.\nB. Biomes are formed by the movement of tectonic plates and volcanic activity.\nC. Biomes are formed by the distribution of animal populations and their habitats.\nD. Biomes are formed based on precipitation, average temperature, and climate, with boundaries shifting as the climate changes.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "The Elements of an Ecosystem", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6db7a3c25e8c36773206fa3cb4143c0a" }, { "question": "What is the hypothalamus?\n\nA. Organ connecting circulatory system to respiratory system and managing body responses.\nB. Tissue connecting digestive system to muscular system and regulating body processes.\nC. Brain part linking nervous system to endocrine system and controlling body functions.\nD. Structure linking immune system to nervous system and controlling body reactions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Animals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9bc80279e0a3069268155cc9f521152e" }, { "question": "How do termites demonstrate endosymbiosis?\n\nA. Termites demonstrate endosymbiosis through their relationship with specialized bacteria in their guts, which help them digest cellulose.\nB. Termites demonstrate endosymbiosis by exchanging genetic material with bacteria in their environment.\nC. Termites demonstrate endosymbiosis through the fusion of their cells with those of specialized bacteria.\nD. Termites demonstrate endosymbiosis by sharing digestive enzymes with neighboring termite colonies.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Origin of Life on Earth", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a30730438d9df2ce220c8f614050b61c" }, { "question": "What are XX and XY chromosomes?\n\nA. XX and XY are protein structures.\nB. XX and XY are blood types.\nC. XX and XY are female and male sex chromosomes.\nD. XX and XY are genetic disorders.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Genetics & Inheritance", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3b0ba46410fbd90a3885892c6bbc8b7a" }, { "question": "What is environmental conservation?\n\nA. Efforts to increase industrial production for economic growth.\nB. Promoting urbanization and city expansion.\nC. Practice of saving the environment from collapse due to pollution and human activities.\nD. Monitoring and controlling human population growth.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Human Impact on Ecosystems", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9ec431d50b19b2d34e21fab3ba9a0718" }, { "question": "What role does the combustion of fossil fuels have in the carbon cycle?\n\nA. Combustion of fossil fuels has no significant impact on the carbon cycle.\nB. Combustion of fossil fuels removes carbon from the atmosphere, benefiting the carbon cycle.\nC. Combustion of fossil fuels releases carbon into the atmosphere, disrupting the carbon cycle.\nD. Combustion of fossil fuels helps plants absorb more carbon, improving the carbon cycle.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Change in Communities", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "63a12cd08b72b2d4a2951a1275b1a29c" }, { "question": "What is the difference between photosynthesis versus cellular respiration?\n\nA. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are the same processes in different organisms.\nB. Photosynthesis makes food for plants, while cellular respiration produces ATP for cells.\nC. Photosynthesis produces ATP for cells, while cellular respiration makes food for plants.\nD. Photosynthesis occurs in animals, while cellular respiration occurs in plants.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Plants", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c2b5a5bed2230886f2d5fc72f77af9af" }, { "question": "How is food absorbed?\n\nA. Food is absorbed in the small intestine through finger-like projections.\nB. Food is absorbed through the large intestine's walls.\nC. Food is absorbed directly in the stomach.\nD. Food is absorbed in the mouth during chewing.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Input and Output", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "eafb3bc5e0ed8769596e27facadd9818" }, { "question": "Is animal photosynthesis possible?\n\nA. Only mammals can perform photosynthesis.\nB. All animals can perform photosynthesis.\nC. No, animals cannot perform photosynthesis.\nD. Yes, some animals can perform photosynthesis, like the sea slug Elysia chlorotica.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "biology", "topic": "Energy In Organisms", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5a65b94adbfe2a57c060028ca388d341" }, { "question": "What is the dilution factor if a $0.1*mL$ volume is diluted to $25.0*mL$?\n\nA. 100\nB. 250\nC. 500\nD. 200\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "46ff6a4c13fe2d510a87c13b4a4fadfa" }, { "question": "What is meant by the term saturated?\n\nA. A saturated solution has the minimum concentration of dissolved solute at equilibrium and a specific temperature.\nB. A saturated solution has the maximum concentration of dissolved solute at equilibrium and a specific temperature.\nC. A saturated solution has an increasing concentration of dissolved solute as the temperature decreases.\nD. A saturated solution has a constant concentration of dissolved solute regardless of temperature.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "90b5aebe5cbbf1d772f1cfcea2783ffc" }, { "question": "How many moles of He (g) are in a 5 L storage tank filled with He at 10.5 atm pressure and 30\u00b0C?\n\nA. 1.89 mol\nB. 2.37 mol\nC. 2.15 mol\nD. 2.58 mol\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "86d617645ea80295aeb9dad954525d89" }, { "question": "When 56.6 g of calcium is reacted with nitrogen gas, 32.4 g of calcium nitride is produced. What is the percent yield of calcium nitride in the reaction $3Ca(s) + N_2(g) -> Ca_3N_2(s)$?\n\nA. 36.4%\nB. 62.3%\nC. 55.8%\nD. 46.6%\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stoichiometry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1f84d7a87f2caa77e70cbe56c972e232" }, { "question": "How would you define entropy of a system?\n\nA. Entropy is the capacity for a system to acquire motion due to temperature change.\nB. Entropy is the degree of disorder or randomness in a system.\nC. Entropy is the measure of energy dispersal in a system.\nD. Entropy is the amount of heat transferred between two systems.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7107c0ba7537a971c76fa4a96584027f" }, { "question": "What trend in electronegativity do you see as you go across a period/row on the periodic table?\n\nA. Electronegativity remains constant across a period.\nB. Electronegativity fluctuates unpredictably across a period.\nC. Electronegativity decreases across a period.\nD. Electronegativity increases across a period.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5656a02914d2a9810d6c5906171b1b25" }, { "question": "How can I write synthesis reactions?\n\nA. Combine elements in the pattern A + B -> AB; balance atoms with coefficients.\nB. Separate compounds into elements; use subscripts to balance atoms.\nC. Mix elements in the pattern A + B -> AB; change element symbols to balance.\nD. Combine elements randomly; balance atoms by adding or removing elements.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "51c59fcf1c843324bcc184fddfa0e324" }, { "question": "What is a procedure that could be used to separate a mixture of sand and table salt?\n\nA. Dissolving and filtering\nB. Magnetism and sieving\nC. Heating and evaporating\nD. Centrifugation and decanting\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3c86b968b9ad2448a2902fc98642148b" }, { "question": "Why were noble gases discovered late?\n\nA. Noble gases were discovered late because they are unreactive and difficult to work with.\nB. Noble gases were discovered late because they are colorless and odorless.\nC. Noble gases were discovered late because they are dangerous and difficult to handle.\nD. Noble gases were discovered late because they are rare and hard to find.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electron Configuration", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "35a3cdcece6baa08333dc8f258fbdbb8" }, { "question": "What would happen if more solute is added to a solution after the saturation point reached?\n\nA. More precipitate would collect at the bottom of the flask.\nB. The solution would become more diluted.\nC. The solute would dissolve completely.\nD. The saturation point would increase.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f4dce103419eb18099ad4e8ff58af526" }, { "question": "Why do we not assign oxidation numbers to ionic compounds?\n\nA. Ionic compounds cannot form neutral salts.\nB. Ionic compounds are neutral, and charges are balanced.\nC. Ionic compounds always have ambiguous oxidation states.\nD. Ionic compounds have no electrons.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Covalent Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f14f51a44e87b028be2e40e32b52f91b" }, { "question": "How do ionic bonds differ from covalent bonds?\n\nA. Ionic bonds have equal electron sharing and are stronger, while covalent bonds have unequal electron sharing and form ions.\nB. Ionic bonds have unequal electron sharing and form ions, while covalent bonds have equal electron sharing and are stronger.\nC. Ionic bonds occur between metals, while covalent bonds occur between non-metals.\nD. Ionic bonds involve sharing of protons, while covalent bonds involve sharing of electrons.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "38a6e88aedbb578de0fac74a5c418f03" }, { "question": "Can matter be destroyed?\n\nA. Matter cannot be destroyed, but it can change form according to the law of conservation of mass-energy.\nB. Matter can be destroyed, but not created.\nC. Matter can only be destroyed in nuclear reactions.\nD. Matter can be created and destroyed at will.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2f1c3bb9637e621bf974dfc61a2690f9" }, { "question": "How do you find enantiomeric excess?\n\nA. ee = (maximum rotation - observed rotation) \u00d7 100%\nB. ee = (observed rotation / maximum rotation) \u00d7 50%\nC. ee = (maximum rotation / observed rotation) \u00d7 100%\nD. ee = (observed rotation / maximum rotation) \u00d7 100%\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stereochemistry (R and S), Isomers, and Optical Activity", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e40f782156a63e55ec439d048dd60a34" }, { "question": "Does the process of dissolving Alka-Selzer in water disobey the Law of Conservation of Mass?\n\nA. No, it obeys the Law of Conservation of Mass in a closed container.\nB. No, it always obeys the Law of Conservation of Mass.\nC. Yes, it disobeys the Law of Conservation of Mass.\nD. Yes, it obeys the Law of Conservation of Mass in an open container.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "A Closer Look at The Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d0d2b499f94d7ba9911d259c88446265" }, { "question": "Find the partial pressure in a solution containing ethanol and 1-propanol with a total vapor pressure of $\"56.3 torr\"$? The pure vapor pressures are $\"100.0 torr\"$ and $\"37.6 torr\"$, respectively, and the solution has a mol fraction of $0.300$ of ethanol.\n\nA. 26.3 torr\nB. 37.6 torr\nC. 30.0 torr\nD. 100.0 torr\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9b8d803187393d4ca0e2a709c949cefa" }, { "question": "What is a solute?\n\nA. A solute is the process of dissolving a substance in a liquid.\nB. A solute is the liquid in which a substance is dissolved.\nC. A solute is the substance that dissolves in a solvent to form a solution.\nD. A solute is the mixture formed when a substance is dissolved in a liquid.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "65dbfd25cd06122a79fe270afda3798e" }, { "question": "How does the concentration of electrolyte affect an electrochemical cell?\n\nA. E_cell = -1.1 - (0.0089) = -1.1089V\nB. E_cell = -1.1 + (0.0089) = -1.0911V\nC. E_cell = -1.1 + (-0.0089) = -1.1089V\nD. E_cell = -1.1 - (-0.0089) = -1.09V\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "18fc807b24a517e743ca1c19535554ef" }, { "question": "How do typical dipole-dipole forces differ from hydrogen bonding interactions?\n\nA. Dipole-dipole forces are strong bonds between atoms, while hydrogen bonding is a weak bond between molecules involving hydrogen.\nB. Dipole-dipole forces are weak bonds between molecules, while hydrogen bonding is a strong bond between atoms involving hydrogen.\nC. Dipole-dipole forces involve hydrogen, while hydrogen bonding involves other electronegative atoms.\nD. Dipole-dipole forces occur only in polar molecules, while hydrogen bonding occurs in both polar and nonpolar molecules.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "721f73114951e9681710b2434093abec" }, { "question": "What do D and L (like R and S) indicate in enantiomers?\n\nA. D and L refer to the number of chiral centers, with D having an even number and L an odd number.\nB. D and L indicate the side of the highest-numbered chiral centre in a Fischer projection, with D on the right and L on the left.\nC. D and L indicate the type of bond, with D being a single bond and L being a double bond.\nD. D and L represent the direction of light rotation, with D being clockwise and L counterclockwise.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stereochemistry (R and S), Isomers, and Optical Activity", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e5f4dd7ba6674bac0c4ffc6240354b90" }, { "question": "What is the type of chemical bond formed when oppositely charged particles are attracted to each other?\n\nA. Hydrogen bond\nB. Ionic bond\nC. Metallic bond\nD. Covalent bond\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bonding Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "651f3435260031120a0b66d1438da9b8" }, { "question": "How does enthalpy change with pressure?\n\nA. Enthalpy increases with pressure if temperature is constant.\nB. Enthalpy changes with pressure regardless of temperature.\nC. Enthalpy decreases with pressure if temperature is constant.\nD. Enthalpy doesn't change with pressure if temperature is constant.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0e5ec008d643683e64ddce7b178bfd6a" }, { "question": "Is removing salt from water by evaporation considered a physical or chemical change?\n\nA. Nuclear change\nB. Chemical change\nC. Physical change\nD. Phase change\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5ce6b07f4e8eba12d472770684315f6b" }, { "question": "How is an endothermic reaction identified in an equation?\n\nA. Energy ($\\Delta H$) is not included in the equation.\nB. Energy ($\\Delta H$) appears as a product in the equation.\nC. Energy ($\\Delta H$) appears as a reactant in the equation.\nD. Energy ($\\Delta H$) appears as a catalyst in the equation.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "145b7beada5abf81388d1fc9a3bd5f84" }, { "question": "Are H or OH omitted in Bond Line View?\n\nA. H atoms attached to C are omitted, but OH groups are not.\nB. Both H and OH groups are omitted.\nC. H atoms attached to non-C atoms are omitted.\nD. Only OH groups are omitted, not H atoms.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Newman and Fischer Conformational Analysis", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "36ee2cd9fe3a808685cc2d789c8e1384" }, { "question": "What forces typically hold nonmetal atoms together within a molecule?\n\nA. Ionic bonds\nB. Hydrogen bonds\nC. Covalent bonds\nD. Van der Waals forces\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bonding Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "17c8fd2d5458932b5545ecb221ffd0ee" }, { "question": "How does matter change when it is heated or cooled?\n\nA. Matter expands when heated and contracts when cooled.\nB. Matter changes from solid to liquid to gas when heated, and from gas to liquid to solid when cooled.\nC. Matter becomes heavier when heated and lighter when cooled.\nD. Matter changes color when heated or cooled.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3610f3eb45400a87e3627d065d885046" }, { "question": "What are the solutes, and solvents in tea, coffee, and soft drinks?\n\nA. Oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium\nB. Sugar, carbon dioxide, flavorings, colorings, and caffeine\nC. Water, alcohol, proteins, vitamins, and minerals\nD. Fats, carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and minerals\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0137e87b6d1480c3ac1d6b3c908c1642" }, { "question": "How does charge affect the strength of an acid?\n\nA. Charge affects acidity by increasing the number of hydrogen bonds, making the acid weaker.\nB. Charge has no effect on the strength of an acid; it is determined by the concentration of the solution.\nC. Strength of an acid is determined by the size of its charge, with larger charges leading to weaker acids.\nD. Strength of an acid depends on the extent of hydrogen ionization; more charged ions result in a stronger acid and lower pH.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4c126040a36860046dac32bd80e947ee" }, { "question": "Can the normal boiling points of alkanes versus alcohols be related to their structural properties?\n\nA. Difference in volatility due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding.\nB. Difference in volatility due to molecular size.\nC. Difference in volatility due to polarizability.\nD. Difference in volatility due to van der Waals forces.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7d404d1bb6a5e79c8afcc390ef1dae9e" }, { "question": "What are Ka and Kb in acids and bases?\n\nA. Ka and Kb are the pH and pOH values of acids and bases, respectively.\nB. Ka and Kb are equilibrium constants for acids and bases, respectively.\nC. Ka and Kb are the concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions in acids and bases, respectively.\nD. Ka and Kb are the dissociation constants for acids and bases, respectively.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d08b9795ce72eeba1773e4a6d23bf412" }, { "question": "What are Alkanes?\n\nA. Saturated hydrocarbons with single carbon-hydrogen bonds\nB. Unsaturated hydrocarbons with double carbon-hydrogen bonds\nC. Inorganic compounds with single carbon-oxygen bonds\nD. Organic compounds with carbon-carbon double bonds\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2421d5c648951c5b9b60602a3a61278e" }, { "question": "The temperature coefficient for a certain reaction is $2$. If the temperature of the reaction was raised by $\"40 K\"$, what is the approximate factor to which the rate is multiplied?\n\nA. 8\nB. 32\nC. 64\nD. 16\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Kinetics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "44bd79e296f8ddb51e8c8a9c7070a6a9" }, { "question": "If given a boiling point, how do you find vapor pressure?\n\nA. Use the Clausius-Clapeyron equation\nB. Use the Ideal Gas Law\nC. Apply the Antoine equation\nD. Use the Raoult's Law\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f575a25364a8b86fc0de424830527a73" }, { "question": "What are the differences between UV absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy?\n\nA. UV absorbance measures light reflection, while fluorescence spectroscopy uses light to excite a molecule and monitors absorption at a shorter wavelength.\nB. UV absorbance measures light scattering, while fluorescence spectroscopy uses light to excite a molecule and monitors phosphorescence at a longer wavelength.\nC. UV absorbance measures light passing through a solution, while fluorescence spectroscopy uses light to excite a molecule and monitors fluorescence at a longer wavelength.\nD. UV absorbance measures light refraction, while fluorescence spectroscopy uses light to excite a molecule and monitors luminescence at a longer wavelength.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Infrared Spectroscopy", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c63c9f098259bca436b8274ceb6afe0c" }, { "question": "What atoms form single covalent bonds?\n\nA. Atoms with full electron shells\nB. Only atoms in group 7\nC. Only atoms in group 1\nD. Any atom without a full electron shell (except group 18)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Lewis Structures and Bonding", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dde8941751d9870677644776df94a822" }, { "question": "Suppose 1.043 g of magnesium is heated in air. What is the theoretical amount of magnesium oxide that should be produced?\n\nA. 3.458 g MgO\nB. 1.729 g MgO\nC. 2.594 g MgO\nD. 0.865 g MgO\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stoichiometry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fc1c10e0fec48f4d1e7f992d43b84e82" }, { "question": "What type of atoms tend to form covalent bonds?\n\nA. Nonmetallic elements with electronegativity difference < 2.0\nB. Metallic elements with electronegativity difference < 2.0\nC. Metallic elements with electronegativity difference > 2.0\nD. Nonmetallic elements with electronegativity difference > 2.0\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Covalent Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "37fd731c93ac2c9e11008ad55e805e3e" }, { "question": "Why is aromaticity important?\n\nA. Aromaticity enhances molecule reactivity and occurs in non-biological systems.\nB. Aromaticity increases molecule complexity and has no impact on stability or function.\nC. Aromaticity increases molecule stability and plays roles in biochemistry and industry.\nD. Aromaticity reduces molecule stability and is unrelated to biochemistry or industry.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0a7bbe454e552cb18afe8f617c1014c2" }, { "question": "What is the process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas below the substance's boiling point?\n\nA. Evaporation\nB. Vaporization\nC. Condensation\nD. Sublimation\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cf449bdb3bf46a1ab2cde1976dd3c72a" }, { "question": "An atom loses electrons to form what?\n\nA. An anion\nB. A covalent bond\nC. A cation\nD. A neutral molecule\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e8ad7532855c9ac3effe322d2d3c3e4a" }, { "question": "Are inert gases in the same period of the periodic table?\n\nA. Inert gases are in Group 18, not in the same period.\nB. Inert gases are in different groups and periods.\nC. Inert gases are in the same period.\nD. Inert gases are in Group 1, not in the same period.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "10981e9b87f4c460efe8e04e02034084" }, { "question": "If 980 kJ of energy are added to 6.2 L of water at 291 K, what wil the final temperature of the water be?\n\nA. 308.65 K\nB. 315.23 K\nC. 328.81 K\nD. 342.97 K\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "32cd0d3e0b8c183722fd2cf52cd3f57e" }, { "question": "Why Tritium is called radioactive isotope?\n\nA. Tritium is radioactive because it emits beta particles to decay into stable Helium-3.\nB. Tritium is radioactive because it absorbs gamma radiation to become stable.\nC. Tritium is radioactive due to its emission of gamma radiation during decay into Helium-4.\nD. Tritium is called radioactive because it emits alpha particles to transform into Hydrogen-2.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6cebe4bc83f2c214c323c0b0c16664f6" }, { "question": "Why is ethanol not used in SN2 reactions?\n\nA. Ethanol promotes SN2 reactions by increasing nucleophile strength.\nB. Ethanol is a nonpolar solvent that doesn't support SN2 reactions.\nC. Ethanol is a polar protic solvent, which hinders SN2 reactions by hydrogen bonding to nucleophiles.\nD. Ethanol reacts with nucleophiles, preventing SN2 reactions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions (SN1 and SN2) and Elimination Reactions (E1 and E2)", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "238fb523bf157a8d29c28bb5b8f2a07d" }, { "question": "What mass of iron has a volume of $6.3$ $cm^3$?\n\nA. 49.52 g\nB. 55.98 g\nC. 63.42 g\nD. 38.21 g\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Mole Concept", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ccac6e283c7096d67c8c86ea9c064e7f" }, { "question": "What is the formula for iron(II) oxide?\n\nA. FeO2\nB. FeO\nC. Fe2O3\nD. Fe3O4\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Mole Concept", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "97f322a497516b546644f0a7e9412e02" }, { "question": "How does base strength vary for piperidine, pyridine, piperazine, and morpholine?\n\nA. Base strength order: morpholine < piperidine < pyridine < piperazine\nB. Base strength order: piperidine < pyridine < morpholine < piperazine\nC. Base strength order: piperazine < piperidine < morpholine < pyridine\nD. Base strength order: pyridine < piperidine \u2248 morpholine < piperazine\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Alkene and Alkyne Addition Reactions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1c122df23c9c9bce611ef8b22ccef018" }, { "question": "What is the orbital hybridization theory?\n\nA. Orbital hybridization is the interaction between atomic nuclei and their surrounding electron clouds.\nB. Orbital hybridization is the movement of electrons between energy levels in an atom.\nC. Orbital hybridization is the mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals, which then overlap to form chemical bonds.\nD. Orbital hybridization is the process of atoms sharing electrons to create new elements.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Molecular Orbital Theory", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e036e5d5359191265b0f6ddcea0554e5" }, { "question": "How do enantiomers rotate light?\n\nA. Enantiomers rotate plane polarized light by interacting with chiral centers, causing one helix to slow down and go out of sync with the other.\nB. Enantiomers cause light to change its wavelength, leading to rotation.\nC. Enantiomers reflect light in different directions, resulting in rotation.\nD. Enantiomers absorb and re-emit light, causing a change in its direction.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stereochemistry (R and S), Isomers, and Optical Activity", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "953cac823b9e33ebeb095487c67d73e8" }, { "question": "How would you prepare 1.0 L of a 0.10 M solution of sulfuric acid from a 3.0 M solution of sulfuric acid?\n\nA. Add 50 mL of 3.0 M sulfuric acid to a 1 L volumetric flask and fill with distilled water.\nB. Add 100 mL of 3.0 M sulfuric acid to a 1 L volumetric flask and fill with distilled water.\nC. Add 33 mL of 3.0 M sulfuric acid to a 1 L volumetric flask and fill with distilled water.\nD. Add 25 mL of 3.0 M sulfuric acid to a 1 L volumetric flask and fill with distilled water.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "619ef26e9d4bb82d8562a6686bf2f384" }, { "question": "How is spectroscopy used?\n\nA. Spectroscopy is used to create new chemical compounds by combining different wavelengths of light.\nB. Spectroscopy is used to measure the temperature and pressure of substances by analyzing their color changes.\nC. Spectroscopy is used to measure wavelengths absorbed or emitted by substances and identify compounds through their interaction with light or energy.\nD. Spectroscopy is used to analyze the speed of light in various substances and determine their refractive index.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Infrared Spectroscopy", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b6a524a3c0621516070bf6aea3057c28" }, { "question": "How does scientific notation work?\n\nA. Scientific notation is a system for categorizing numbers based on their size.\nB. Scientific notation expresses numbers using a base and an exponent.\nC. Scientific notation represents numbers as a product of two parts: digits and a power of 10.\nD. Scientific notation is a method for writing large numbers in shorthand form.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "081e41e49b74f3cac1336c63c032f75b" }, { "question": "What is the heat released when 25.0 grams of water freezes at 0\u00b0C?\n\nA. 1.3 * 10^3 J\nB. 2.6 * 10^3 J\nC. 5.2 * 10^3 J\nD. 3.9 * 10^3 J\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "aaa41fd5aef932cdd82690ddde5a4d98" }, { "question": "Why are single bonds the longest?\n\nA. Single bonds are the longest because they require more energy to form, resulting in a longer bond length.\nB. Single bonds are the longest because they have the weakest electron density, causing less attraction between nuclei.\nC. Single bonds are the longest because double and triple bonds concentrate electron density, allowing closer approach and stability of positively charged nuclei.\nD. Single bonds are the longest because they involve more electron orbitals, increasing the distance between nuclei.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Lewis Structures and Bonding", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5eab5c3d2502e4c5f63daf7bca611009" }, { "question": "What type of chemical reaction will absorb more energy than it releases?\n\nA. Neutralization reactions\nB. Exothermic reactions\nC. Endothermic reactions\nD. Redox reactions\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cd63d9551504b001c8cbb7285f32e363" }, { "question": "If one molecule of hemoglobin contains 4 iron atoms, and they constitute $0.335%$ by mass of hemoglobin, what is the molar mass of hemoglobin?\n\nA. 68923.18 g/mol\nB. 65234.21 g/mol\nC. 66686.57 g/mol\nD. 67890.45 g/mol\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Mole Concept", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "69e8e68d85dd8fc2eb8ef142666c4b50" }, { "question": "What is the halogenation of benzene?\n\nA. C6H6 + X2 \u2192 C6H5X + HX (X=Br, usually)\nB. C6H6 + X2 \u2192 C6H5X + XH\nC. C6H6 + X2 \u2192 C6H4X2 + H2\nD. C6H6 + X2 \u2192 C6H5X2 + HX\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Alkene and Alkyne Addition Reactions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3292cbe3cc780acee1db248fbc524f31" }, { "question": "What is the Arrhenius acid that contains the fluoride anion?\n\nA. Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)\nB. Hydrogen Iodide (HI)\nC. Hydrogen Bromide (HBr)\nD. Hydrogen Chloride (HCl)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "62d886acf63bfeb3f7eaabaf068b9b62" }, { "question": "At $25^@ \"C\"$, for the reaction $\"N\"_2\"O\"_4(g) rightleftharpoons 2\"NO\"_2(g)$, the equilibrium constant is $K_c = 5.85xx10^(-3)$. $\"20.0 g\"$ of $\"N\"_2\"O\"_4$ were added to a $\"5.00-L\"$ container. What is the molar concentration of $\"NO\"_2$ at equilibrium?\n\nA. 0.00728 M\nB. 0.0218 M\nC. 0.0292 M\nD. 0.0146 M\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Equilibrium", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d286946b39af4f039d75d0e0f11ceae2" }, { "question": "What do you call the ability of an atom to capture an electron?\n\nA. Electronegativity\nB. Ionization energy\nC. Atomic radius\nD. Electron affinity\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0efa8e044df5aeec7c7ab1b9c70cbc60" }, { "question": "How would you arrange the following bonds in order of increasing ionic character: $C-F$, $O-F$, $H-F$, and $Na-F$?\n\nA. C-F, H-F, O-F, Na-F\nB. H-F, O-F, C-F, Na-F\nC. C-F, O-F, Na-F, H-F\nD. O-F, C-F, H-F, Na-F\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c4cbd86d97af5933be3efef5461f0d92" }, { "question": "How do beta emission and positron emission affect the neutron-proton ratio?\n\nA. Neutron-proton ratio decreases in both beta and positron decay.\nB. Neutron-proton ratio remains constant in both beta and positron decay.\nC. Neutron-proton ratio decreases in beta decay and increases in positron decay.\nD. Neutron-proton ratio increases in beta decay and decreases in positron decay.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b4fdd60c96a6810c338b905a578a9ec2" }, { "question": "What is the name of the ionic compound NH4Cl?\n\nA. Ammonium perchlorate\nB. Ammonium chlorate\nC. Ammonium chlorite\nD. Ammonium chloride\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8d297bcf86bb22ac53a6ea5135ab6110" }, { "question": "What is the quantity 0.0075 meters expressed in centimeters?\n\nA. 7.5 cm\nB. 75 cm\nC. 0.075 cm\nD. 0.75 cm\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a06ea7fe7de10d2999718542268758b2" }, { "question": "Why is sn2 bimolecular?\n\nA. SN2 is bimolecular because it involves one nucleophile attacking one electrophile, donating electrons to form a bond.\nB. SN2 is bimolecular because it produces two products after the reaction.\nC. SN2 is bimolecular because it requires two solvent molecules for the reaction to occur.\nD. SN2 is bimolecular because it involves two nucleophiles attacking one electrophile simultaneously.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions (SN1 and SN2) and Elimination Reactions (E1 and E2)", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6b0fa941f4aa36236fd1df5a212005a6" }, { "question": "What's the most stable electron configuration?\n\nA. Random electron configuration\nB. Half-filled valence shell\nC. Incomplete valence shell\nD. Noble gas configuration\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Covalent Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c095fdf14cbc044338cf429993428405" }, { "question": "A sample of gas at $\"31\"^@\"C\"$ has a pressure of $\"745 Torr\"$. What is the pressure if the temperature is increased to $\"78\"^@\"C\"$?\n\nA. 940 Torr\nB. 760 Torr\nC. 810 Torr\nD. 860 Torr\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3d4acbec034ad07e42d8543b6cc58f87" }, { "question": "How can I assign relative priorities to the groups or atoms in each of the following: $-CH_2OH$, $-CH_3$, $-H$ and $-CH_2 CH_2OH$?\n\nA. -CH3 > -CH2OH > -CH2CH2OH > -H\nB. -CH2OH > -CH2CH2OH > -CH3 > -H\nC. -CH2OH > -CH3 > -CH2CH2OH > -H\nD. -CH2CH2OH > -CH2OH > -CH3 > -H\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stereochemistry (R and S), Isomers, and Optical Activity", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8e1bc2ee868e7f59bab6a8578d7c7aab" }, { "question": "What atom has the electron configuration $1s^2 2s^2 2p^1$?\n\nA. Beryllium\nB. Carbon\nC. Lithium\nD. Boron\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electron Configuration", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a34073597de898c86717777a6dd61f27" }, { "question": "What is the name of $Ni(ClO_3)_2$?\n\nA. nickel(IV) chlorate\nB. nickel(III) chlorate\nC. nickel(II) chlorate\nD. nickel(I) chlorate\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "15f37f6eb95a821ebd11021b1f85f6e8" }, { "question": "Which element has the smallest radius?\n\nA. Helium\nB. Beryllium\nC. Hydrogen\nD. Lithium\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3066384e84b9c92f2e408ef53af1182d" }, { "question": "Is thiocyanate ion a test for ferric ion?\n\nA. Thiocyanate ion forms a yellow complex with ferric ion.\nB. Thiocyanate ion forms a blood-red complex with ferric ion.\nC. Thiocyanate ion forms a green complex with ferric ion.\nD. Thiocyanate ion forms a blue complex with ferric ion.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Alkene and Alkyne Addition Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "360151f702b0aeed013344a61b8e4974" }, { "question": "Why is a buffer important in chemistry?\n\nA. Buffers maintain pH levels in chemical solutions.\nB. Buffers increase the reaction rate in solutions.\nC. Buffers separate different substances in a solution.\nD. Buffers neutralize all acids and bases in solutions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "01f63a8fb3f997b9f67afe918d1d6124" }, { "question": "What covalent bond is the longest?\n\nA. Pb-I bond (279 pm)\nB. Bi-Bi bond (270 pm)\nC. I-I bond (266.5 pm)\nD. Bi-I bond (281 pm)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bonding Basics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "30aeb3e318725066563dcfc9a38ce8b7" }, { "question": "If water is added to 50 ml of a 0.04M solution so that it fills a 200 mL beaker, what is the final concentration?\n\nA. 0.01 mol/L\nB. 0.08 mol/L\nC. 0.02 mol/L\nD. 0.04 mol/L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d53c66da60fd343c8aff1046a0b1729c" }, { "question": "Are ionic bonds stronger than covalent bonds?\n\nA. Ionic bonds are stronger.\nB. Covalent bonds are stronger.\nC. It depends on the elements involved.\nD. Both have equal strength.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Lewis Structures and Bonding", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "877ca1541afae93212fc790c633824c8" }, { "question": "What was the name for classifications of matter used in 1800?\n\nA. Elements and compounds\nB. Organic and inorganic compounds\nC. Acids and bases\nD. Metals and non-metals\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8f15f07aacff1163744407d6304a41a8" }, { "question": "Two substances have the same mass and are both initially at 200\u00b0C. They both absorb 150 J of energy. Which substance will have the higher temperature, the one with the higher or the lower specific heat?\n\nA. Substance with lower specific heat\nB. Temperature cannot be determined\nC. Both substances have the same temperature\nD. Substance with higher specific heat\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4a178e5f764b831ceca04a886090caa2" }, { "question": "What is a condensed structural formula?\n\nA. A condensed structural formula is a 3D representation of molecules, showing all atoms and bonds.\nB. A condensed structural formula shows all atoms in a line of text, omitting vertical bonds and most horizontal single bonds.\nC. A condensed structural formula is a shorthand notation for chemical reactions, using symbols and arrows.\nD. A condensed structural formula is a numerical method for calculating molecular properties, based on atomic coordinates.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ways to Draw and Represent Molecules", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3eb848190f7ddb7b315dc271ad1fd18b" }, { "question": "How does dipole moment affect acidity?\n\nA. Dipole moment decreases acidity when an element is less electronegative than hydrogen in the compound.\nB. Dipole moment increases acidity when an element is less electronegative than hydrogen in the compound.\nC. Dipole moment increases acidity when an element is more electronegative than hydrogen in the compound.\nD. Dipole moment has no effect on acidity, as it only influences molecular polarity.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Lewis Structures and Bonding", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "391b81c67010a2e76f10dac9c4fd2f2f" }, { "question": "What is a chiral synthon?\n\nA. A chiral synthon is a property of chiral molecules.\nB. A chiral synthon is a component used to make a chiral product.\nC. A chiral synthon is a technique for determining chirality.\nD. A chiral synthon is a process to separate enantiomers.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stereochemistry (R and S), Isomers, and Optical Activity", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3219ae503685c04becf05546768313ea" }, { "question": "What buffers are in our body?\n\nA. Carbonate, ammonium, and histidine buffers\nB. Citrate, acetate, and lactate buffers\nC. Tris, HEPES, and MOPS buffers\nD. Bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein buffers\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2f9afc086e5c53941c1d11989113e2bb" }, { "question": "What are amphoteric species in acids and bases?\n\nA. Compounds that neutralize both acids and bases; found in buffer solutions.\nB. Molecules that change color depending on pH; used as indicators.\nC. Substances that only react as acids; common in non-metal elements.\nD. Molecules or ions that react as acids and bases; often metals like Copper, Tin, Lead, and Aluminum.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "70606fda73544f3dff0dfa90ee179029" }, { "question": "How does an SN2 reaction affect stereochemistry?\n\nA. SN2 reaction creates a racemic mixture.\nB. SN2 reaction has no effect on stereochemistry.\nC. SN2 reaction inverts the stereochemistry of the product.\nD. SN2 reaction retains the stereochemistry of the product.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions (SN1 and SN2) and Elimination Reactions (E1 and E2)", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a1c11f0108e5f3f68be897c50b240cc3" }, { "question": "What is the formula of the compound formed by Ba and F?\n\nA. BaF\nB. Ba2F\nC. BaF3\nD. BaF2\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8110fb4e6685f0d9a89e85ba1eb9dd82" }, { "question": "What does the term \"tare\" mean in chemistry?\n\nA. Tare is the chemical reaction between a substance and its container.\nB. Tare accounts for the weight of a substance, excluding its container.\nC. Tare is the process of measuring a substance's density.\nD. Tare refers to the weight of a container with a substance.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b5c51e4d45c6683ae8b49dc436fa5111" }, { "question": "What are the products of $CaCl_2 + Na_2CO_3$?\n\nA. CaCO3(s) + 2NaCl(aq)\nB. CaCO3(aq) + 2NaCl(s)\nC. CaCl2(s) + Na2CO3(s)\nD. 2CaCl2(aq) + Na2CO3(s)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "58172b1f491ba4f2b2c3e75656865aa5" }, { "question": "What is the relationship between D-glucose and D-fructose?\n\nA. Anomers with different cyclic forms\nB. Constitutional isomers with different bonding order\nC. Enantiomers with opposite chirality\nD. Epimers with different stereochemistry\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nomenclature", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a81ffdaa816a25d8fbbcaff182efa3c3" }, { "question": "How many electrons can the $2p$ orbitals hold?\n\nA. 4 electrons\nB. 8 electrons\nC. 6 electrons\nD. 10 electrons\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "25555a41e5b5fc2b741eaeeca4df2659" }, { "question": "What is ionization number and ionization energy?\n\nA. Ionization energy: energy to create anions from an element. Ionization number: number of electrons in an element.\nB. Ionization energy: energy to break chemical bonds. Ionization number: number of protons in an element.\nC. Ionization energy: energy to form cations and electrons from an element. Ionization number: number of valence electrons or electrons to gain for Noble Gas configuration.\nD. Ionization energy: energy to form molecules from elements. Ionization number: number of neutrons in an element.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "bc0e51da8001a3ea97baf02d7dcb86e6" }, { "question": "Why do the alkali metals have to be stored under oil?\n\nA. Oil prevents them from oxidizing.\nB. Oil prevents exposure to air and moisture.\nC. Oil dissolves impurities on their surface.\nD. Oil enhances their reactivity.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bonding Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f64c93e0f737e32f550d051da121457c" }, { "question": "What is the amount of substance dissolved in a given volume of solution called?\n\nA. Parts per million\nB. Molarity\nC. Percentage by mass\nD. Molality\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "498a16245d35922472a6a43b2ed19371" }, { "question": "Where can an hydroxyl group substitute on a carbon chain that is three carbons in length?\n\nA. Four unique positions\nB. Three unique positions\nC. One unique position\nD. Two unique positions\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dda5651e5ba472477f8cf20b6c99529f" }, { "question": "How do resonance structures affect molecular shape?\n\nA. Resonance structures change molecular shape constantly.\nB. Resonance structures determine molecular shape directly.\nC. Resonance structures explain molecular shape but don't affect it.\nD. Resonance structures have no connection to molecular shape.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Covalent Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1bd9bb30bb788ecc4ca9b0605c754212" }, { "question": "Does potassium metal have isotopes?\n\nA. Potassium has 36 isotopes.\nB. No, potassium doesn't have isotopes.\nC. Yes, potassium has 24 isotopes.\nD. Potassium has 12 isotopes.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "A Closer Look at The Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1ccc0d493ef8034b352e0aa762165103" }, { "question": "What does hydroboration\u2013oxidation of a terminal alkyne form?\n\nA. An alcohol\nB. A ketone\nC. An ester\nD. An aldehyde\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Alkene and Alkyne Addition Reactions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "261a754b918a1b061b6cea401bf0311e" }, { "question": "What is the chemical equation for the formation of HF from the single, isolated H and F atoms?\n\nA. H + F -> HF\nB. H2 + 2F2 -> 2HF\nC. 2H + F2 -> 2HF\nD. H2 + F2 -> 2HF\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f37059e3f052a4a8f328303dba266d69" }, { "question": "Do nonpolar covalent bonds share electrons equally?\n\nA. In nonpolar covalent bonds, electrons are not shared at all.\nB. Yes, nonpolar covalent bonds share electrons equally.\nC. Nonpolar covalent bonds share electrons unequally.\nD. No, nonpolar covalent bonds do not share electrons equally.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Lewis Structures and Bonding", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3536b6e808ecc4e605b4bdd05c0472e5" }, { "question": "What is the oxidation number of Cr in Cr2(SO4)3?\n\nA. Cr+3\nB. Cr+2\nC. Cr+4\nD. Cr+6\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5bc12df9c74f6b16187458c670bbaebc" }, { "question": "What happens to water molecules when water is heated from 90\u00b0C to 110\u00b0C?\n\nA. Water molecules evaporate.\nB. Water molecules boil.\nC. Water molecules freeze.\nD. Water molecules condense.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "80f744322be4ed9a768861cdce269bb2" }, { "question": "Why are cis-trans isomers possible?\n\nA. Cis/trans isomers exist due to 2 configurations: same side/opposite.\nB. Cis/trans isomers exist due to different chemical compositions.\nC. Cis/trans isomers exist due to different molecular weights.\nD. Cis/trans isomers exist due to varying bond angles.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "E and Z, Cis and Trans Alkenes", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "19967d368cc7aff6a9faea65b0abad5b" }, { "question": "How many double bonds are in $SO_2$?\n\nA. 1 double bond\nB. 4 double bonds\nC. 3 double bonds\nD. 2 double bonds\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "875c194588e7a59c3c82a0ca2847e826" }, { "question": "What is the difference between Arrhenius, bronsted-lowry and Lewis acids and bases?\n\nA. Arrhenius: acids donate protons, bases accept protons. Bronsted-Lowry: acids produce H+ ions, bases produce OH- ions in water. Lewis: acids accept electron pairs, bases donate electron pairs.\nB. Arrhenius: acids accept electron pairs, bases donate electron pairs. Bronsted-Lowry: acids produce H+ ions, bases produce OH- ions in water. Lewis: acids donate protons, bases accept protons.\nC. Arrhenius: acids produce H+ ions, bases produce OH- ions in water. Bronsted-Lowry: acids donate protons, bases accept protons. Lewis: acids accept electron pairs, bases donate electron pairs.\nD. Arrhenius: acids donate protons, bases accept protons. Bronsted-Lowry: acids accept electron pairs, bases donate electron pairs. Lewis: acids produce H+ ions, bases produce OH- ions in water.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9dda445bcfebf0cc2eb36abefc3953fa" }, { "question": "120 grams $NaCl$ is equal to how many molecules of $NaCl$?\n\nA. 6.02 * 10^23 formula units\nB. 1.24 * 10^24 formula units\nC. 3.72 * 10^24 formula units\nD. 2.48 * 10^24 formula units\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "15b833d547314ef3ceee4a807b9fb863" }, { "question": "A doctor's order is 0.125g of ampicillin. The liquid suspension on hand contains 250 mg/5.0 mL. How many milliliters of the suspension are required?\n\nA. 2.5 mL\nB. 1.5 mL\nC. 3.5 mL\nD. 4.5 mL\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fc7feedc58652c07886a5599ccefaa0f" }, { "question": "How do you classify Bronsted acids and bases?\n\nA. Bronsted-Lowry acids accept OH- ions, while bases donate OH- ions.\nB. Bronsted-Lowry acids donate OH- ions, while bases accept OH- ions.\nC. Bronsted-Lowry acids donate H+ ions, while bases accept H+ ions.\nD. Bronsted-Lowry acids accept H+ ions, while bases donate H+ ions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b01b26657556251b02897751a45b81a4" }, { "question": "How are C-C bonds represented in bond line notation?\n\nA. C-C bonds are represented as circles in bond line notation.\nB. C-C bonds are represented as lines in bond line notation.\nC. C-C bonds are represented as squares in bond line notation.\nD. C-C bonds are represented as dots in bond line notation.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ways to Draw and Represent Molecules", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0602bf203ed490852dd2e1a82a15ebaf" }, { "question": "What is a simple sugar that serves as the major energy source for all cellular processes. The chemical formula is $C_6H_12O_6$?\n\nA. Sucrose\nB. Glucose\nC. Galactose\nD. Fructose\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e3ce09035bffcfbb2b5daa2d608e17b6" }, { "question": "If $\"14 g\"$ of calcium nitrate is dissolved in $\"200 g\"$ of water, and it experiences a $70%$ dissociation, what is the solution's vapor pressure if the solvent began at the normal boiling point of water? Hint: the normal boiling point occurs at 760 torr.\n\nA. 732 torr\nB. 764 torr\nC. 780 torr\nD. 748 torr\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9f42ccd8b94e49f476e914886d89b9af" }, { "question": "Why does density change with temperature?\n\nA. Density changes with temperature due to chemical reactions.\nB. Density changes with temperature because volume changes with temperature.\nC. Density changes with temperature because of changes in molecular structure.\nD. Density changes with temperature because mass changes with temperature.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c7dc63005146004904005f2c9755bdcc" }, { "question": "How is the atomic number used to distinguish between elements?\n\nA. The atomic number shows the ratio of protons to neutrons in an atom, classifying the element.\nB. The atomic number signifies the number of neutrons in an atom, defining its element.\nC. The atomic number indicates the number of protons in an atom, determining the element type.\nD. The atomic number represents the total number of electrons and protons in an atom.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1551850af93749fa88053260240cfe9a" }, { "question": "How do optical isomers affect polarized light?\n\nA. Optical isomers absorb plane-polarized light differently.\nB. Optical isomers have no effect on plane-polarized light.\nC. Optical isomers change the color of plane-polarized light.\nD. Optical isomers rotate plane-polarized light in opposite directions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stereochemistry (R and S), Isomers, and Optical Activity", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "22cb68ff734711b6280270cdc6eddf05" }, { "question": "Why does stirring a solution help a solid dissolve faster?\n\nA. Stirring breaks the solid into smaller particles, increasing surface area for dissolution.\nB. Stirring creates a vacuum, which pulls the solute into the solvent.\nC. Stirring generates heat, which increases the solubility of the solid.\nD. Stirring agitates the solute and brings unsaturated solvent into contact with the solid.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e7ce38b035b51688776a65cb4daa1a31" }, { "question": "Why is a polyatomic ion not called a molecule?\n\nA. Polyatomic ions are single atoms with a charge.\nB. Polyatomic ions are uncharged molecules.\nC. Polyatomic ions have two or more bonded atoms with a charge.\nD. Polyatomic ions are made of two atoms without a charge.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0519beb033e98845a9de23d0bc67a107" }, { "question": "In most pure substances, melting occurs at a specific temperature called the what?\n\nA. Boiling point\nB. Melting point\nC. Condensation point\nD. Freezing point\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a2f2d3a3a80d9825d62ce53259c01252" }, { "question": "What is the formula of 4-methylbutanoic acid?\n\nA. C7H14O2\nB. C6H12O3\nC. C6H12O2\nD. C5H10O2\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nomenclature", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d5cc431fc4500d22fc0d7607c1746e64" }, { "question": "What type of property is ductility?\n\nA. Ability to conduct electricity\nB. Resistance to deformation\nC. Capacity to absorb impact\nD. Ability to be drawn into a wire\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "40c29cb9c4f7b8edc019652a316039ad" }, { "question": "Why is there more than one definition of acid\u2013base behavior?\n\nA. Definitions changed due to language and cultural differences.\nB. Multiple definitions are needed for different applications.\nC. Multiple definitions exist due to increasing knowledge of acids and bases over time.\nD. Definitions vary because of disagreements among scientists.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "14a14dec26d1f10dd743acfd282b927b" }, { "question": "How does temperature affect the dissociation constant?\n\nA. Temperature affects dissociation constant by shifting equilibrium in favor of endothermic or exothermic reactions.\nB. Temperature has no significant effect on the dissociation constant.\nC. Temperature directly increases or decreases the dissociation constant.\nD. Temperature only affects the dissociation constant in specific types of reactions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ce8b92b779942d22ad44aa3033046403" }, { "question": "How do you convert cm to m?\n\nA. Divide by 10\nB. Multiply by 10\nC. Divide by 100\nD. Multiply by 100\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "520b068af06afd2277a7671b7663338e" }, { "question": "Is it not possible to have a diastereomer if there is only one chirality centre in a molecule?\n\nA. No, diastereomers require multiple chirality centers.\nB. Yes, diastereomers only exist with multiple chirality centers.\nC. No, diastereomers cannot exist with only one chirality center.\nD. Yes, diastereomers can exist with only one chirality center.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stereochemistry (R and S), Isomers, and Optical Activity", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f3dabe7c8dc30959fc300c8ba8cf1ae1" }, { "question": "What kind of reaction is represented by the equation $C_2Cl_4 + Cl_2 -> C_2Cl_6$?\n\nA. Combination reaction\nB. Displacement reaction\nC. Decomposition reaction\nD. Redox reaction\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8a221f9b10d522f03149f7fb3ab221b6" }, { "question": "How are London dispersion forces between molecules produced?\n\nA. Temporary dipoles form when electrons concentrate in one region, causing weak attractions.\nB. Permanent dipoles form due to uneven electron distribution.\nC. Electrons transfer between molecules, creating strong bonds.\nD. Molecules share electrons, resulting in covalent bonding.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3c588afa5fca28829a70203c706e9a8d" }, { "question": "After 20.0g of $Na_2SO_4$ are added to a 0.5 L saturated solution of $CaSO_4$, does the concentration of $Ca^(2+)$ increase, decrease, or stay the same?\n\nA. Decrease\nB. Increase\nC. Fluctuate\nD. Stay the same\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Equilibrium", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f892c98bd846dfd7e1a5b621980282c0" }, { "question": "How can I calculate the valence electrons of transition metals?\n\nA. Subtract noble gas core electrons from total.\nB. Count electrons outside the noble gas core.\nC. Add up all electron shell numbers.\nD. Count electrons in the noble gas core.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electron Configuration", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f42ae8e37f5bff61bff91dfbf8e60280" }, { "question": "Which of these describes a situation where gases are ideal according to the Kinetic Molecular Theory of gases?\n\nA. Molecules far apart and slow speeds\nB. Molecules far apart and travelling at high speeds\nC. Molecules close together and slow speeds\nD. Molecules close together and high speeds\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8928aee1ca8dfda70106fbf8be0f6189" }, { "question": "How do you calculate the concentration of a solute?\n\nA. Molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution\nB. Molarity (M) = grams of solute / liters of solution\nC. Molarity (M) = moles of solute / grams of solution\nD. Molarity (M) = liters of solute / moles of solution\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4318029177a1b7b53fce035a6c42f830" }, { "question": "What is the cis-trans notation?\n\nA. Cis-trans notation refers to the acidity or basicity of a compound, with cis meaning acidic and trans meaning basic.\nB. Cis-trans notation describes the arrangement of electrons in molecules, with cis meaning paired and trans meaning unpaired.\nC. Cis-trans notation indicates the polarity of a molecule, with cis meaning polar and trans meaning nonpolar.\nD. Cis-trans notation indicates the position of atoms in alkenes and rings, with cis meaning on the same side and trans meaning on opposite sides.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "01d2be636f90b88ab7f1d9519c2197f9" }, { "question": "A silver block, initially at 58.5\u00b0C, is submerged into 100.0 of water at 24.8\u00b0C in an insulated container. The final temperature of the mixture upon reaching thermal equilibrium is 26.2 \u00b0C. What is the mass of the silver block?\n\nA. 69.3g\nB. 82.4g\nC. 77.6g\nD. 95.2g\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "51d0041d23ae15ff955508503b5f6e4a" }, { "question": "What does it mean if the Diels Alder reaction is a concerted reaction?\n\nA. Electrons move in a stepwise manner, forming intermediates.\nB. Reaction occurs in multiple steps with intermediates.\nC. All electrons move simultaneously, with old bonds breaking as new bonds form without intermediates.\nD. Old bonds remain intact until new bonds fully form.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Alkene and Alkyne Addition Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9f3bc671313baa80252624b3a78dfdc2" }, { "question": "How do you determine if a compound is a halide?\n\nA. Check for presence of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine as negative ions.\nB. Look for compounds with a metal and a nonmetal.\nC. Determine if the compound is soluble in water.\nD. Check for presence of oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, or hydrogen as negative ions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Functional Groups", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c73c6f44c96fac2f686c7acdf58b809c" }, { "question": "How many valence electrons does an atom of Al possess?\n\nA. 4\nB. 2\nC. 5\nD. 3\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ef23a53ce6ff6ad376cb9efb96e213b6" }, { "question": "Why is it necessary to determine if a reactant is a limiting reagent in a reaction?\n\nA. To optimize yield, minimize waste, and make the process environmentally friendly.\nB. To increase the temperature of the reaction.\nC. To change the color of the final product.\nD. To speed up the reaction time.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stoichiometry", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "25e4fe9bea5e801fe358224bc370d7b1" }, { "question": "What happens when a given amount of gas at a constant temperature increases in volume?\n\nA. Increase in volume causes decrease in temperature.\nB. Increase in volume causes no change in pressure.\nC. Increase in volume causes decrease in pressure.\nD. Increase in volume causes increase in pressure.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "25983c59ab2b1046e919e0a2d6595bdb" }, { "question": "What is the difference between an orbit in the Bohr model of the atom and an orbital in the quantum mechanical view of atom?\n\nA. Bohr Model: fixed electron positions with orbital shapes; Quantum Mechanical Model: constantly changing electron positions.\nB. Bohr Model: constantly changing electron positions; Quantum Mechanical Model: fixed electron positions with orbital shapes.\nC. Bohr Model: fixed electron positions; Quantum Mechanical Model: constantly changing electron positions with orbital shapes.\nD. Bohr Model: fixed electron positions and no orbital shapes; Quantum Mechanical Model: constantly changing electron positions and no orbital shapes.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bohr Model of the Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "23234cc633d733a1fb83f82c09171097" }, { "question": "What is the theory associated with the radius of an atom as it (a) gains an electron (b) loses an electron?\n\nA. Radius decreases when losing or gaining electron.\nB. Radius remains constant when losing or gaining electron.\nC. Radius decreases when losing electron, increases when gaining electron.\nD. Radius increases when losing electron, decreases when gaining electron.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "086805e44cb4446570018de1de6e434c" }, { "question": "How do you determine a nucleophile or a base?\n\nA. Nucleophiles donate electron pairs to protons, bases have charged molecules.\nB. Nucleophiles have uncharged molecules, bases accept electron pairs from protons.\nC. Nucleophiles have charged molecules, bases donate electron pairs to protons.\nD. Nucleophiles share electron pairs with protons, bases have neutral molecules.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions (SN1 and SN2) and Elimination Reactions (E1 and E2)", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3b090909986c6284997d5de02667494b" }, { "question": "What are some current concerns regarding development of nuclear power plants?\n\nA. Renewable energy competition, low demand, high construction costs\nB. Radioactive waste, accidents, contamination, fuel shortage, hazardous mining\nC. Environmental impact, noise pollution, visual disturbance\nD. Overproduction, grid instability, lack of skilled workforce\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "52d0b593961c2a1de4256170a54577aa" }, { "question": "Why are intermolecular forces important?\n\nA. Intermolecular forces are important because they influence the electrical conductivity of substances, affecting their ability to conduct electricity and generate magnetic fields.\nB. Intermolecular forces are important because they cause differences in physical properties between similar molecules, affecting melting and boiling points, vapor pressure, enthalpy of vaporization, viscosity, and surface tension.\nC. Intermolecular forces are important because they control the optical properties of materials, affecting their transparency, color, and ability to absorb or reflect light.\nD. Intermolecular forces are important because they determine the chemical reactions between molecules, affecting bond formation, bond breaking, and reaction rates.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6fd98cfbe3da3508da1fffb3bc711484" }, { "question": "Why are single bonds longer than double?\n\nA. Double bonds have less electron density, causing nuclei to repel each other, lengthening the bond.\nB. Single bonds have more electron density, allowing nuclei to approach closer, shortening the bond.\nC. Single bonds are longer due to their weaker electrostatic attraction between nuclei and electron cloud.\nD. Double bonds have more electron density, allowing nuclei to approach closer, shortening the bond.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Lewis Structures and Bonding", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a5fff872cb0d47ae4339df40723cf893" }, { "question": "What is electron capture?\n\nA. Electron capture is when an electron is transferred from one atom to another, resulting in a change in the atoms' chemical properties.\nB. Electron capture is the release of an electron from the outer orbital, causing the atom to become positively charged.\nC. Electron capture is when an inner-orbital electron is captured by the nucleus, causing a proton to combine with the electron and form a neutron, reducing the atomic number by one.\nD. Electron capture is the process of an electron being absorbed by a proton, resulting in the formation of a neutron and a new element.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3b2d28ee60172247c951c7df2ed262d6" }, { "question": "What quantities are conserved in a chemical reaction?\n\nA. Energy and momentum\nB. Volume and density\nC. Mass and charge\nD. Temperature and pressure\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "A Closer Look at The Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "87d826cb97262f4bfda94242866a3661" }, { "question": "Why does IUPAC recommend NOT to use the term geometrical/geometric isomerism?\n\nA. IUPAC advises against \"geometric isomerism\" because it includes cis/trans, optical, and rotational isomers, causing confusion.\nB. IUPAC avoids \"geometric isomerism\" as it's an outdated term, replaced by more specific isomer classifications.\nC. IUPAC prefers \"geometric isomerism\" because it only refers to cis/trans isomers, simplifying the concept.\nD. IUPAC suggests \"geometric isomerism\" since it encompasses all isomers, making it a more inclusive term.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "E and Z, Cis and Trans Alkenes", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "bc2b1deba875a8e3669fc457f83dbaaf" }, { "question": "Rutile is an Ore of?\n\nA. Copper\nB. Iron\nC. Aluminum\nD. Titanium\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "23697b7875cf01764efab268a90ecc4c" }, { "question": "Why is furan an aromatic compound?\n\nA. Furan is aromatic because its oxygen atom forms a hydrogen bond with other molecules.\nB. Furan is aromatic because it has a ring structure with alternating single and double bonds.\nC. Furan is aromatic because one oxygen lone pair is delocalized, creating a 6-electron cyclic \u03c0 system.\nD. Furan is aromatic because it contains a carbonyl group, which contributes to resonance stabilization.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d061aa3d2afe5c83427a29fd2bea9a58" }, { "question": "How many NMR signals does $CH_3CH_3$ show?\n\nA. Four signals\nB. Three signals\nC. Two signals\nD. One signal\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "53845779eaf103c4a9696277a4317179" }, { "question": "How do sodium and chloride ions hold together in a solid crystal?\n\nA. Ions held together by strong electrostatic forces in a cube shape.\nB. Ions bonded by hydrogen bonds in a tetrahedral arrangement.\nC. Ions held together by covalent bonds in a hexagonal pattern.\nD. Ions connected by weak van der Waals forces in a linear structure.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Lewis Structures and Bonding", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7b8bede91f92cf9a59431937aaedf741" }, { "question": "What would be most helpful to find the normal melting point and normal boiling point on a phase diagram?\n\nA. Draw a vertical line at one Kelvin on the x-axis and note the y intercepts of the transitions.\nB. Draw a horizontal line at one atmosphere on the y-axis and note the x intercepts of the transitions.\nC. Draw a horizontal line at one Kelvin on the y-axis and note the x intercepts of the transitions.\nD. Draw a vertical line at one atmosphere on the x-axis and note the y intercepts of the transitions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dca3c8c10c198edf508599760cf854ff" }, { "question": "What are some common mistakes students make with Hydrogen bonds?\n\nA. Misidentifying hydrogen bond donors and accepting weak interactions.\nB. Overestimating bond length and disregarding temperature influence.\nC. Misunderstanding relative strengths and forgetting polar carbonyl group participation.\nD. Confusing with covalent bonds and neglecting solvent effects.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3fa839c249915509de6b96ab3d056d9a" }, { "question": "What bases are considered pyridamines?\n\nA. Cytosine, guanine, and thymine\nB. Adenine, cytosine, and guanine\nC. Cytosine, thymine, and uracil\nD. Adenine, guanine, and uracil\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "caf7a18b8802679ad258e2292a7e99b5" }, { "question": "A gas occupies a volume of 0.6 L at 10.1 kPa. What volume will the gas occupy at 101 kPa?\n\nA. 6 L\nB. 0.006 L\nC. 0.6 L\nD. 0.06 L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d96bfc6c2fb632c35af62011b4472866" }, { "question": "Why is an sn2 reaction faster than an sn1 reaction?\n\nA. SN2 reactions are faster due to the presence of a more stable intermediate.\nB. SN2 reactions are faster because they involve a single concerted step.\nC. SN2 reactions are faster because their rate depends on the concentration of both substrate and nucleophile.\nD. SN2 reactions are faster because they require less energy to proceed.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions (SN1 and SN2) and Elimination Reactions (E1 and E2)", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b8ca6ee142a950b3d9201bc784dd0c44" }, { "question": "How may we use the Periodic Table to order atomic size?\n\nA. Atomic size increases across a Period and decreases down a Group.\nB. Atomic size decreases across a Period and increases down a Group.\nC. Atomic size decreases across a Period and remains constant down a Group.\nD. Atomic size remains constant across a Period and increases down a Group.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "eb9b083eb7d2f14452cbb92d007609f3" }, { "question": "How is collision theory linked to rates of reaction?\n\nA. Collision theory involves only increasing the concentration of particles to increase reaction rates.\nB. Collision theory increases reaction rates by changing the orientation of particles during collisions.\nC. Collision theory reduces reaction rates by decreasing collision frequency and effectiveness.\nD. Collision theory increases reaction rates by raising frequency of collisions and making collisions more effective.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Kinetics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3ba4eeb34510609969ef7448c079ba4a" }, { "question": "Element X has two isotopes. X-15 has 7 protons and 8 neutrons. What is the atomic number and mass number of the second isotope, which has 10 neutrons in its nucleus?\n\nA. Atomic number: 6, Mass number: 17\nB. Atomic number: 7, Mass number: 17\nC. Atomic number: 8, Mass number: 17\nD. Atomic number: 7, Mass number: 15\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3258e4cd71f5ee68939b693060cd2308" }, { "question": "How does concentration affect free energy?\n\nA. Concentration directly increases free energy.\nB. Concentration affects free energy through the reaction quotient (Q).\nC. Concentration affects free energy through the activation energy.\nD. Concentration has no impact on free energy.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "de26ee7b56c8d1587010787ee603aa4f" }, { "question": "The hydrogen ion concentration of a vinegar solution is 0.00010 M. How is this concentration written in scientific notation?\n\nA. 1.0x10^-4\nB. 1.0x10^-3\nC. 1.0x10^-2\nD. 1.0x10^-5\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b4ef8529799494913502a3ebcfa81663" }, { "question": "What are spectator ions?\n\nA. Spectator ions are ions that prevent the formation of a precipitate.\nB. Spectator ions are ions that neutralize the reaction.\nC. Spectator ions are ions that actively participate in forming the precipitate.\nD. Spectator ions are dissolved ions in double replacement reactions that don't form the precipitate.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7ba65c13b629ed39e97ec1019d1dc5f9" }, { "question": "How would you find the molecular formula from empirical formula?\n\nA. Subtract empirical formula from molecular formula.\nB. Multiply empirical formula by a whole number to get molecular formula.\nC. Add empirical formula to itself.\nD. Divide molecular formula by empirical formula.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Mole Concept", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d97c601dec8e7eab70bdbc886f2e2a16" }, { "question": "The specific heat of a certain type of metal is 0.128 J/(g\u00b7\u00b0C). What is the final temperature if 305 J of heat is added to 83.0 g of this metal initially at 20.0 \u00b0C?\n\nA. 38.7\u00b0C\nB. 58.7\u00b0C\nC. 28.7\u00b0C\nD. 48.7\u00b0C\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9238656a638d2bf1136bb090fef1386b" }, { "question": "How do the dipole-dipole forces affect molecules with carbon involved?\n\nA. Dipole-dipole forces always make carbon molecules polar.\nB. Dipole-dipole forces affect carbon molecules based on their molecular geometry.\nC. Dipole-dipole forces have no impact on carbon molecules.\nD. Dipole-dipole forces only affect carbon molecules in organic compounds.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "78abae868a05786e35859a572f0165d6" }, { "question": "What kind of bond is in $\"AlF\"_3$?\n\nA. Covalent\nB. Polar covalent\nC. Metallic\nD. Ionic\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bonding Basics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a58286458b88724ccafceaa0bb8ef6e1" }, { "question": "How many moles of chlorine gas are contained in a 5.00 L flask at 27\u00b0C and .947 atm pressure?\n\nA. 0.169 moles\nB. 0.145 moles\nC. 0.217 moles\nD. 0.193 moles\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b5acced97e31d1386f83d8d55ef6c0f7" }, { "question": "Who is Ernest Rutherford?\n\nA. New Zealand-born British physicist, father of nuclear physics, discovered radioactive half-life, alpha and beta radiation, and demonstrated the nuclear nature of atoms.\nB. American physicist, developed the theory of relativity, won the Nobel Prize in Physics, and contributed to the development of quantum mechanics.\nC. British chemist, discovered the structure of DNA, contributed to molecular biology, and won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.\nD. French physicist, discovered radioactivity, conducted research on uranium, and won the Nobel Prize in Physics.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b2c31eaa2a85f9f3deb5fed0ae77b2b0" }, { "question": "What is the volume after 5 hours in this first order reaction?\n\nA. 335.8 L\nB. 284.6 L\nC. 318.2 L\nD. 302.4 L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Kinetics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "60f53603b78f756a25842c57c4aae6e3" }, { "question": "What do quantitative and qualitative measurements mean in science?\n\nA. Quantitative and qualitative measurements are the same in science.\nB. Quantitative measures a value, while qualitative compares or observes without a value.\nC. Quantitative measures a value, while qualitative measures a different value.\nD. Quantitative compares or observes without a value, while qualitative measures a value.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c8fb37363c814b5e5182079eea6e9d95" }, { "question": "The rate law of a reaction is rate = k[D][X]. What are the units of the rate constant?\n\nA. s/(L\u22c5mol)\nB. L/(mol\u22c5s)\nC. mol/(L\u22c5s)\nD. L\u22c5mol/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Kinetics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fe36e1637f3300160af0559251f16f85" }, { "question": "What is the oxidation number of oxygen in peroxides?\n\nA. -2\nB. +1\nC. -1\nD. 0\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0edb1750caa1b0ca84744f98514b442a" }, { "question": "Aluminum hydroxide is a popular antacid. What is the formula of aluminum hydroxide?\n\nA. Al(OH)\u2082\nB. Al\u2082(OH)\u2086\nC. AlOH\u2083\nD. Al(OH)\u2083\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e8731d3f7028db8b194d51019f17beb5" }, { "question": "Are alkenes nucleophiles?\n\nA. Alkenes are nucleophiles with tightly bound \u03c3 electrons.\nB. Alkenes are electrophiles with tightly bound \u03c0 electrons.\nC. Alkenes are nucleophiles with loosely bound \u03c0 electrons.\nD. Alkenes are neither nucleophiles nor electrophiles.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions (SN1 and SN2) and Elimination Reactions (E1 and E2)", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "01eb0187f6b518c1a6a92bc8ed46bdd3" }, { "question": "A 1.85 mole sample of the ionic compound Al2(SO4)3 contains how many moles of the following? A) Al atoms B) S atoms C) Al3^+\n\nA. B) 7.40 mol S\nB. A) 1.85 mol Al\nC. C) 5.55 mol Al3+\nD. A) 3.70 mol Al\nB) 5.55 mol S\nC) 3.70 mol Al3+\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f82bf13d2588ad70aafcf28c715304b3" }, { "question": "What is meant by the term \u201cexcited state\u201d as it applies to an electron?\n\nA. Excited state is the lower energy level an electron moves to after releasing energy.\nB. Excited state is the process of an electron absorbing and releasing energy simultaneously.\nC. Excited state is the constant energy level an electron maintains without any change.\nD. Excited state is the higher energy level an electron moves to after absorbing energy.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bohr Model of the Atom", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cbbb584c9c5dd623ed58129c9f32470c" }, { "question": "What types of characteristics can make one resonance structure better than another?\n\nA. Unfilled octet, neutral charges, and random electronegativity.\nB. Equal distribution of charges, full octet, and electronegativity balance.\nC. More charges, electronegativity inversion, and partial octet.\nD. Full octet, fewer charges, and proper electronegativity distribution.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Resonance", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "279cb8548c2fb727deaa4b25fa985592" }, { "question": "What causes freezing point depression on a molecular level?\n\nA. Solute-solvent interaction\nB. Molecular vibration\nC. Pressure increase\nD. Temperature change\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fb1352d8d244c8fd9cc03de4836390bf" }, { "question": "A vernier calipers has an error of $2%$ in length, $1%$ in breadth and $3%$ in thickness, What is the maximum percentage error in measuring volume with it?\n\nA. 5.87%\nB. 6.11%\nC. 6.39%\nD. 7.25%\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4ce93a0872ac3e030af320105c5bfbe5" }, { "question": "Why are enols unstable?\n\nA. Enols are unstable because they easily decompose into smaller components.\nB. Enols are unstable due to their sensitivity to temperature changes.\nC. Enols are unstable due to their high reactivity with other molecules.\nD. Enols are unstable because they undergo tautomerization to the more stable keto form.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Functional Groups", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "99f5ef64e8051c82331b7b0c1fa814d8" }, { "question": "Given the reaction at equilibrium: $N_2(g) + O_2(g) + e n ergy rightleftharpoons 2NO(g)$ What change will result in a decrease in the amount of $NO(g)$ formed?\n\nA. Remove some $O_2(g)$.\nB. Decrease the temperature.\nC. Increase the temperature.\nD. Add more $N_2(g)$.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9e74859cefded9f7e76a5019ca630493" }, { "question": "What is the rate constant of a reaction if rate 1.5 (mol/L)s, [A] is 1 M, [B] is 3 M, m=2, and n=1?\n\nA. 0.5 M^(-2)s^(-1)\nB. 0.75 M^(-2)s^(-1)\nC. 0.25 M^(-2)s^(-1)\nD. 1.0 M^(-2)s^(-1)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Kinetics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7c8f7c028019cf6c008152dda222697b" }, { "question": "How do you convert 0.320 atm to mm Hg?\n\nA. 364.8 mm Hg\nB. 121.6 mm Hg\nC. 243.2 mm Hg\nD. 486.4 mm Hg\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2f6dee7fd7719b0d42ab5eb7fa3d6f77" }, { "question": "What is a polyatomic ion?\n\nA. A polyatomic ion is composed of many atoms with an imbalance of electrons.\nB. A polyatomic ion is a single atom with a positive or negative charge.\nC. A polyatomic ion is a molecule with no charge.\nD. A polyatomic ion is a group of atoms with equal numbers of protons and electrons.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "70eb9c3fd055a99ad091c381a001b1c7" }, { "question": "Why is a stairway a good model for the energy levels in an atom?\n\nA. Energy levels in atoms are random like scattered steps.\nB. Energy levels in atoms are continuous like a ramp.\nC. Energy levels in atoms are quantized like discrete stair steps.\nD. Stairways represent the physical structure of atoms.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "A Closer Look at The Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1a6778d2b84a5eebf3b59843a25d4685" }, { "question": "How can I prepare 500 mL of a 0.15 M solution of potassium iodide?\n\nA. 10 g KI in 500 mL volumetric flask\nB. 15 g KI in 500 mL volumetric flask\nC. 12 g KI in 500 mL volumetric flask\nD. 8 g KI in 500 mL volumetric flask\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c79a31b1989d6a95665a02ea2c824166" }, { "question": "How is pyrophosphate anion, $P_2O_7^(4-)$ reduced to elemental phosphorus, with oxidation of hydrogen sulfide to sulphur?\n\nA. $2P_2O_7^{4-}+10H^++8H_2S \\rightarrow P_4+8S+14H_2O$\nB. $2P_2O_7^{4-}+8H^++12H_2S \\rightarrow P_4+12S+14H_2O$\nC. $2P_2O_7^{4-}+8H^++10H_2S \\rightarrow P_4+10S+14H_2O$\nD. $P_2O_7^{4-}+4H^++5H_2S \\rightarrow P_4+5S+7H_2O$\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "bc449e9721377f277a5eab94d7025a2c" }, { "question": "How does electron affinity affect reactivity?\n\nA. Reactivity decreases with electron affinity.\nB. Reactivity is inversely proportional to electron affinity.\nC. Electron affinity has no effect on reactivity.\nD. Reactivity increases with electron affinity.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7e8739e1d517b01283002fb427c68ed4" }, { "question": "How do you calculate the half life of carbon 14?\n\nA. 4.56 x 10^3 yr\nB. 5.73 x 10^3 yr\nC. 3.21 x 10^3 yr\nD. 7.89 x 10^3 yr\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "aedd712e81e3bd32d9a0daf6c86c69d3" }, { "question": "How does electron capture cause transmutations?\n\nA. Electron capture combines an electron with a proton, forming a neutron and changing the atomic number, causing transmutation.\nB. Electron capture removes an electron, changing the atom's charge and causing transmutation.\nC. Electron capture splits the atom into smaller particles, changing the element and causing transmutation.\nD. Electron capture increases the number of protons, changing the atomic mass and causing transmutation.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7d913e0183bb6590cd3f5af19e378403" }, { "question": "What did Robert Millikan discover?\n\nA. Measured electron charge and verified photoelectric effect\nB. Invented the cyclotron\nC. Discovered atomic nucleus structure\nD. Developed quantum mechanics theory\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "005b11682a4f5d7694de97042007dd17" }, { "question": "A student adds 5.00 g of dry ice (solid $CO_2$) to an empty balloon. What will be the volume of the balloon at STP after all the dry ice sublimes (converts to gaseous $CO_2$)?\n\nA. 2.56 L\nB. 1.28 L\nC. 4.12 L\nD. 3.42 L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4bb992a5216491861db2a407763635b3" }, { "question": "In photosynthesis glucose c6h12o6 and o2 are produced from co2 and h2o.\n\n6CO(g)+6H2O(l)+680kcal=C6H12O6(aq)+6O2(g)\n\nHow many grams of glucose are produced from 21.0g of CO2?\n\nA. 7.56 g\nB. 28.66 g\nC. 14.33 g\nD. 21.89 g\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stoichiometry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8fc3bf61d393cd1db18d56706f931f9f" }, { "question": "Why can carbon never form more than a total of four bonds?\n\nA. Carbon can form only three bonds due to the Octet Rule.\nB. Carbon can form only six bonds due to the Octet Rule.\nC. Carbon can form only four bonds due to the Octet Rule.\nD. Carbon can form only two bonds due to the Octet Rule.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bonding Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "369cb70859d873a76ffb6fc058ced52a" }, { "question": "How do we represent the combustion of ethanol stoichiometrically?\n\nA. C2H5OH + O2 \u2192 CO2 + H2O\nB. C2H5OH + 2O2 \u2192 CO2 + 2H2O\nC. C2H5OH + 4O2 \u2192 3CO2 + 4H2O\nD. C2H5OH + 3O2 \u2192 2CO2 + 3H2O\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8b2300c4ba09a2441a7c95c255609bec" }, { "question": "How can I seperate water into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas?\n\nA. Combustion of water into H2 and O2\nB. Evaporation of water into H2 and O2\nC. Condensation of water into H2 and O2\nD. Decomposition of water into 2 H2 and O2\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b22c8113796820d813ddb73065033cf2" }, { "question": "How do you name $\"HBr\"$ and $\"HBrO\"_3$?\n\nA. Hydrobromous acid and Bromous acid\nB. Hypobromous acid and Bromic acid\nC. Hydrobromic acid and Bromic acid\nD. Hydrobromic acid and Hypobromic acid\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dcf252f8275721665f1dbdecbe516a89" }, { "question": "What is the Arrhenius base that contains the lithium cation?\n\nA. LiCl\nB. LiOH\nC. LiH\nD. Li2O\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5cf5a1b7bf59b23c679ca234145156e2" }, { "question": "What element has the highest electronegativity?\n\nA. Chlorine\nB. Nitrogen\nC. Oxygen\nD. Fluorine\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bonding Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e02144b34415f57bfce3fa093d677cd1" }, { "question": "What is the systematic name of the compound $CH_3CH(OH)CH_2CHO$?\n\nA. 3-hydroxybutanal\nB. 4-hydroxybutanal\nC. 3-methoxybutanal\nD. 2-hydroxybutanal\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nomenclature", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d6fcb3d8192d069d1b58707e4a61de99" }, { "question": "How do you calculate the degree of unsaturation?\n\nA. U = \u00bd(H atoms in alkane \u2013 H atoms in compound)\nB. U = \u00bd(C atoms in alkane + H atoms in compound)\nC. U = H atoms in alkane / H atoms in compound\nD. U = C atoms in alkane \u2013 C atoms in compound\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f35f579633f98640e04970a5e4043929" }, { "question": "What is the difference between compounds and mixtures?\n\nA. Compounds and mixtures both form through chemical bonds.\nB. Compounds form through chemical bonds, while mixtures don't.\nC. Compounds and mixtures don't involve chemical bonds.\nD. Mixtures form through chemical bonds, while compounds don't.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "bab4df9e99ebf1db2cade3035be9c98c" }, { "question": "What is a galvanic cell made of?\n\nA. Metal plates, electrolyte solution, and a conductive wire.\nB. Copper, zinc, salt water, and a porous barrier.\nC. Oxidized material, reduced material, two electrodes, and an internal salt bridge.\nD. Positive and negative terminals, electrolyte, and a separator.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b14e93d8620d38b733179bc8328dab40" }, { "question": "How does metallic bonding contribute to a metal\u0092s malleability?\n\nA. Malleability arises from weak van der Waals forces in metal structures.\nB. Malleability comes from non-localized metallic bonding with positive ions in an electron sea.\nC. Malleability is due to strong covalent bonds between metal atoms.\nD. Malleability is a result of hydrogen bonding between metal ions and electrons.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bonding Basics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "71f77d0942f911226a9deed823a38d0e" }, { "question": "How many significant figures are in the number 5400?\n\nA. 1\nB. 4\nC. 3\nD. 2\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "988f926074f35de3f74c077f712235d2" }, { "question": "The molar solubility of $Ag_2CO_3$ is $1.3xx10^-4*mol*L^-1$. What is $K_\"sp\"$ for this salt?\n\nA. 9.25 x 10^-12\nB. 6.89 x 10^-12\nC. 8.80 x 10^-12\nD. 7.34 x 10^-12\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Equilibrium", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "bbf0e74123201495554e6aab5958ea77" }, { "question": "What product results from the action of $\"sodium ethoxide\"$ on $\"tertiary butyl chloride\"$?\n\nA. H2C=C(CH3)2 + HOCH2CH3 + NaCl\nB. H3C-Cl + NaOCH2CH3 + H2C=C(CH3)2\nC. HOCH2CH3 + NaCl + (H3C)3C-Cl\nD. NaCl + H2C=C(CH3)2 + (H3C)2C=O\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions (SN1 and SN2) and Elimination Reactions (E1 and E2)", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e0aa3186a5c2b8c0c0f4cb12daec467e" }, { "question": "Why can only the tertiary and secondary alcohol react in Lucas reagent?\n\nA. Only tertiary and secondary alcohols have enough electrons to react with Lucas reagent.\nB. Primary alcohols form stable carbocations preventing reaction with Lucas reagent.\nC. Tertiary and secondary alcohols have a higher boiling point, allowing reaction with Lucas reagent.\nD. Primary alcohols don't react with Lucas reagent due to unstable primary carbocation and slower SN2 mechanism.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Functional Groups", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4b2997a3646392f122101dbf82eeac39" }, { "question": "What does the oxidizing agent do in a redox reaction?\n\nA. An oxidizing agent loses protons and gets oxidized in a redox reaction.\nB. An oxidizing agent gains electrons and gets reduced in a redox reaction.\nC. An oxidizing agent gains protons and gets reduced in a redox reaction.\nD. An oxidizing agent loses electrons and gets oxidized in a redox reaction.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "908f79c6c77567d38848bf1a7275c49a" }, { "question": "What units is electron affinity measured in?\n\nA. Electron affinity is measured in coulombs (C).\nB. Electron affinity is measured in volts (V).\nC. Electron affinity is measured in electronvolts (eV).\nD. Electron affinity is measured in kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol).\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5dffdb93be729b45f322e0683e8fd6d7" }, { "question": "What is a large molecule created by polymerization of monomers?\n\nA. A catalyst\nB. A transition metal\nC. A polymer\nD. A monomer\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5642a97324b52470fd4a134111aba0fb" }, { "question": "What type of orbitals do actinides and lanthanides mainly use?\n\nA. g\nB. p\nC. f\nD. d\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electron Configuration", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c0a552b214214970c812ead89421b9a6" }, { "question": "How does hybridization relate to molecular geometry?\n\nA. Hybridization opposes molecular geometry predictions.\nB. Molecular geometry is unrelated to hybridization.\nC. Hybridization determines molecular geometry independently.\nD. Hybridization explains molecular geometry based on VSEPR Theory.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Molecular Orbital Theory", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d9e1d36b0cd48a92cf8747cc070ab339" }, { "question": "How do you determine if an ion is larger?\n\nA. An ion's size is determined by its position in the periodic table.\nB. An ion's size depends on its electronegativity and ionization energy.\nC. An ion's size depends on its charge and period: cations are smaller, anions are larger, and higher period ions are larger.\nD. An ion's size depends on its atomic mass and electron configuration.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f6d37f6f332f5063f9ee87329c0b342e" }, { "question": "An element containing 30 protons, 30 electrons and 26 neutrons will have what symbol?\n\nA. ^56Zn\nB. ^58Zn\nC. ^60Zn\nD. ^52Zn\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "56832f7a8042b332a6e455814908c861" }, { "question": "What are the units for mass, volume, and density?\n\nA. Mass: kilograms (kg), Volume: cubic meters (m\u00b3), Density: kg/m\u00b3\nB. Mass: pounds (lb), Volume: gallons (gal), Density: lb/gal\nC. Mass: grams (g), Volume: liters (L), Density: g/L\nD. Mass: ounces (oz), Volume: cubic centimeters (cm\u00b3), Density: oz/cm\u00b3\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6dafb2339df0ec5b8fd778157bcf55cd" }, { "question": "Why would a molecule such as methane not dissolve well into water?\n\nA. Methane is non-polar with negligible dipole moment.\nB. Methane has a high solubility in water.\nC. Methane forms hydrogen bonds with water.\nD. Methane is polar with a strong dipole moment.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5760d10023ae357fe07e86b9d05f1b5d" }, { "question": "How do you calculate half life decay?\n\nA. $t_1/2 = \\frac{[A]_0}{3k}$ (zero order), $t_1/2 = \\frac{ln3}{k}$ (first order), $t_1/2 = \\frac{1}{k[A]_0^2}$ (second order), $t_1/2 = \\frac{3}{k[A]_0}$ (third order)\nB. $t_1/2 = \\frac{[A]_0}{2k}$ (zero order), $t_1/2 = \\frac{ln2}{k}$ (first order), $t_1/2 = \\frac{1}{k[A]_0}$ (second order), $t_1/2 = \\frac{3}{2k[A]_0^2}$ (third order)\nC. $t_1/2 = \\frac{[A]_0}{4k}$ (zero order), $t_1/2 = \\frac{ln4}{k}$ (first order), $t_1/2 = \\frac{2}{k[A]_0}$ (second order), $t_1/2 = \\frac{3}{4k[A]_0^2}$ (third order)\nD. $t_1/2 = \\frac{[A]_0}{k}$ (zero order), $t_1/2 = \\frac{2}{k}$ (first order), $t_1/2 = \\frac{1}{2k[A]_0}$ (second order), $t_1/2 = \\frac{3}{k[A]_0^2}$ (third order)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "384552106aad477200e267ebe1f59968" }, { "question": "Fifty liters of gas is kept at a temperature of 200 K and under pressure of 15 atm. The temperature of the gas is increased to 400 K. The pressure is decreased to 7.5 atm. What is the resulting volume of the gas?\n\nA. 250 L\nB. 200 L\nC. 100 L\nD. 150 L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5a7471addb568b3a391c69c774f32ef6" }, { "question": "A sample of carbon is placed in a rigid 1.50 L flask. Dinitrogen monoxide is added and the flask heated to 800C. When the system reached equilibrium the partial pressure of the carbon dioxide is found to be 0.030 atm and the partial pressure of the dinitrogen monoxide to be 1.48 atm. What is the value of the equilibrium constant, Kp for the system at 800C?\n\nA. 1.2 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2074\nB. 2.3 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2075\nC. 4.9 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2075\nD. 7.4 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2076\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Equilibrium", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4049d85fe25ac36a3d28772cf1233580" }, { "question": "Is the chlorination of methane a free radical halogenation?\n\nA. Yes, it is a free radical halogenation.\nB. No, it is an elimination reaction.\nC. No, it is a nucleophilic addition.\nD. No, it is an electrophilic substitution.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Radical Reactions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "359915ea59fe84c4e3077ebe9e1f0082" }, { "question": "Using ideas of electronic structure, what happens to the radii of the atoms in group 1 or 2, when the group is descended?\n\nA. Atomic radii increase going down groups 1 and 2 due to electrons occupying larger orbitals.\nB. Atomic radii decrease going down groups 1 and 2 due to electrons occupying smaller orbitals.\nC. Atomic radii remain constant going down groups 1 and 2 as electron configurations stay the same.\nD. Atomic radii fluctuate randomly going down groups 1 and 2 due to unpredictable electron behavior.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "982a6b4c7ff5a6ee5259a303de494113" }, { "question": "We have $O_2$, $H_2$, $He$, and $HCl$ gases; which gas will behave LEAST ideally?\n\nA. HCl gas\nB. O2 gas\nC. H2 gas\nD. He gas\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7b489c18f62ba9c1aa8368e62199b092" }, { "question": "Why is carbon considered the functional element for biomolecules and life on earth?\n\nA. Carbon is the most common element in the universe and can form simple molecules.\nB. Carbon can form various bonds, create complex molecules, and is the primary component of biomolecules.\nC. Carbon is abundant, easy to break down, and is the primary component of water.\nD. Carbon is a metal, can conduct electricity, and is the primary component of minerals.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b02a0fa37e58b7029c5d759211803e57" }, { "question": "What does \"trans\" isomer mean in cyclohexane ring?\n\nA. Trans isomer: both substituents in the front or both in the back.\nB. Cis isomer: both substituents in the front or both in the back.\nC. Cis isomer: one substituent in the back and one in the front.\nD. Trans isomer: one substituent in the back and one in the front.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Cyclohexanes", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ce68896e292b847ae3844a311c7e4a52" }, { "question": "How many grams of $KI$ must be dissolved in 250.0 mL of solution to form a 0.075 M solution?\n\nA. 6 g\nB. 9 g\nC. 3 g\nD. 12 g\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8b090669f6c3406a5fee3a497b3ef04b" }, { "question": "How do we represent $\"isopropyl alcohol\"$?\n\nA. CH3-CH2-OH or EtOH\nB. H3C-CH2-CH2-OH or nPrOH\nC. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH or BuOH\nD. H3C-CH(OH)-CH3 or (i)PrOH\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1826e1bdddc275da1ed5c010fdb4ac99" }, { "question": "How many milliliters of water are needed to dissolve $\"10 mg\"$ of $\"PbF\"_2$ ?\n\nA. 25 mL water\nB. 19 mL water\nC. 12 mL water\nD. 30 mL water\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Equilibrium", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7f3352b8d1e1077a2f703b347065de1e" }, { "question": "How would you find the percent abundance of 2 isotopes of an element, given the atomic weight and mass number of each isotope?\n\nA. 80% and 20%\nB. 77.5% and 22.5%\nC. 70% and 30%\nD. 75% and 25%\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a62cbc02470b67d6c6eeaaa53579263e" }, { "question": "Why is the first ionization energy of $\"O\"$ lower than for $\"N\"$, but the second ionization energy for $\"O\"$ higher?\n\nA. Nitrogen has a paired 2p electron causing attraction, making it harder to remove. But, nitrogen's larger atom size due to lower effective nuclear charge makes the second electron easier to remove.\nB. Nitrogen has a paired 2p electron causing repulsion, making it easier to remove. But, nitrogen's smaller atom size due to higher effective nuclear charge makes the second electron harder to remove.\nC. Oxygen has a paired 2p electron causing repulsion, making it easier to remove. But, oxygen's smaller atom size due to higher effective nuclear charge makes the second electron harder to remove.\nD. Oxygen has a paired 2p electron causing attraction, making it harder to remove. But, oxygen's larger atom size due to lower effective nuclear charge makes the second electron easier to remove.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0b47c88ed6299afa6fa5288e9a50f45c" }, { "question": "If a 6.03 x 10-6.0 M solution of a weak acid is 20 % ionized, what is the pKa for the acid?\n\nA. 7.34\nB. 6.52\nC. 5.87\nD. 6.01\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "82541b0d12a1d5a17dd623e93988e37f" }, { "question": "Is ( R )-sodium lactate dextrorotatory or levorotatory?\n\nA. Levorotatory\nB. Both dextrorotatory and levorotatory\nC. Neutral\nD. Dextrorotatory\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stereochemistry (R and S), Isomers, and Optical Activity", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "810f35598206809851aab451fcf8fa74" }, { "question": "Why can two $s$ orbitals NOT be degenerate?\n\nA. Two s orbitals aren't degenerate because they have different shapes and sizes.\nB. Two s orbitals aren't degenerate because there's only one ns orbital for a given n, and degeneracy requires at least two orbitals with equal energy.\nC. Two s orbitals are degenerate because they have the same energy and quantum number.\nD. Two s orbitals aren't degenerate because they belong to different energy levels.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3fcc497fa5db18562a77a0cd08165350" }, { "question": "When a nucleus undergoes gamma decay, what happens to its atomic number?\n\nA. Decreases by 1\nB. No change in atomic number\nC. Decreases by 2\nD. Increases by 1\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "36f52a952ca131928ec1417c6168498d" }, { "question": "How do ionic and molecular bonds differ?\n\nA. Ionic bonds involve electrochemical attraction between oppositely charged atoms, while molecular (covalent) bonds involve atoms sharing electrons to complete the rule of octet.\nB. Ionic bonds involve atoms sharing electrons to complete the rule of octet, while molecular (covalent) bonds involve electrochemical attraction between oppositely charged atoms.\nC. Ionic bonds involve electrochemical attraction between similarly charged atoms, while molecular (covalent) bonds involve atoms sharing electrons to complete the rule of octet.\nD. Ionic bonds involve sharing electrons between similar atoms, while molecular (covalent) bonds involve electrochemical attraction between oppositely charged atoms.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "305e671187cf160cb784b5e5ce25858c" }, { "question": "What are strong and weak bases?\n\nA. Strong bases react with acids to form salts; weak bases don't react with acids.\nB. Strong bases partially dissociate in water; weak bases don't dissociate at all.\nC. Strong bases completely dissociate in water with $OH^-$ ions; weak bases partially dissociate.\nD. Strong bases don't dissociate in water; weak bases completely dissociate with $OH^-$ ions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b15e949b567abd52259fd9e393794b3d" }, { "question": "$Ni(C_2H_3O_2)_4$ How many atoms are represented in this formula?\n\nA. 33\nB. 27\nC. 29\nD. 31\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Mole Concept", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2618f0793af7607ebdef238dd7307b39" }, { "question": "How do supersaturated solutions demonstrate conservation of energy?\n\nA. Supersaturated solutions absorb energy from the environment, balancing energy conservation.\nB. Energy is conserved by maintaining a constant temperature throughout the process.\nC. Heat is applied to dissolve excess solute, and released when the solute precipitates, conserving energy.\nD. The dissolved solute's energy is transferred to the solvent, maintaining energy conservation.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "543737d11eb6ffda2192cca847bdcc27" }, { "question": "How many isomers does hexane, $C_6H_14$, possess?\n\nA. 4 isomers\nB. 7 isomers\nC. 6 isomers\nD. 5 isomers\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Cyclohexanes", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c0bf94b0050fd5f619f1f54a806ea4d9" }, { "question": "How do you define the octet rule?\n\nA. Atoms gain or lose electrons to have eight outer electrons, becoming stable and unreactive.\nB. Atoms transfer protons to achieve a stable configuration with eight outer electrons.\nC. Atoms always follow the octet rule to become reactive.\nD. Atoms share electrons to always have eight in their outer shell.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bonding Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9456ec789dbd3a93d243788fc1a588ce" }, { "question": "What is the benefit of colder temperatures on recrystallization?\n\nA. Colder temperatures lead to more ordered, larger, and purer crystals in recrystallization.\nB. Colder temperatures have no significant effect on the recrystallization process.\nC. Colder temperatures result in smaller, more disordered, and less pure crystals.\nD. Colder temperatures cause faster crystallization, leading to less pure and less ordered crystals.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "97ed966c9a57267bf05c1d75644ae822" }, { "question": "How does the rate of effusion of sulfur dioxide, $SO_2$, compare to that of helium?\n\nA. Helium effuses 2 times faster than sulfur dioxide.\nB. Helium effuses 4 times faster than sulfur dioxide.\nC. Helium and sulfur dioxide effuse at the same rate.\nD. Sulfur dioxide effuses 4 times faster than helium.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a1894d852a2db935e2a201fc8b964922" }, { "question": "How do you remove tosylate?\n\nA. Add a strong acid to protonate tosylate.\nB. Heat the compound to decompose tosylate.\nC. Use a nucleophile to displace tosylate.\nD. Perform a reduction reaction to remove tosylate.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions (SN1 and SN2) and Elimination Reactions (E1 and E2)", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "82caa612bee3a7f29c770018b2631602" }, { "question": "If a gas sample has a pressure of 30.7 kPa at 0.00\u00b0C, by how much does the temperature have to decrease to lower the pressure to 28.4 kPa?\n\nA. -15.3\u00b0C\nB. -20.5\u00b0C\nC. -10.8\u00b0C\nD. -25.7\u00b0C\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b920d3d016e9ff30d79f33f63ad2feb6" }, { "question": "How does the wave mechanical model of the atom differ from the bohr model?\n\nA. Wave mechanical model is based on probability distributions, while Bohr model is based on particle-wave duality.\nB. Wave mechanical model is a classical approach, while Bohr model is a quantum approach.\nC. Bohr model explains atomic shell filling, while wave mechanical model focuses on hydrogen spectra.\nD. Wave mechanical model fully applies quantum mechanics, explains atomic shell filling, and all atomic spectra, while Bohr model only explains hydrogen spectra and has electrons in fixed orbits.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bohr Model of the Atom", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0210849154ac90fb60056b920f971381" }, { "question": "What are the phase changes of water?\n\nA. Evaporation, Crystallization, Liquefaction, Solidification\nB. Sublimation, Deposition, Ionization, Dissolution\nC. Transpiration, Fusion, Absorption, Precipitation\nD. Melting, Vaporization, Condensation, Freezing\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9df65df26dc1a93ba795be40154f5895" }, { "question": "What volume is produced at STP in the reaction $2\"H\"_2\"S\"(g) + 3\"O\"_2(g) -> 2\"SO\"_2(g) + 2\"H\"_2\"O\"(l)$ if we start with $\"200 mL H\"_2\"S\"$ and $\"200 mL O\"_2$?\n\nA. 150 mL SO\u2082\nB. 200 mL SO\u2082\nC. 250 mL SO\u2082\nD. 300 mL SO\u2082\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stoichiometry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "686263810d5966010432cb64a00b4eee" }, { "question": "Determine which law is appropriate for solving the following problem. What temperature will 215 mL of a gas at 20 C and 1 atm pressure attain when it is subject to 15 atm of pressure?\n\nA. 450\u00b0C\nB. 240\u00b0C\nC. 360\u00b0C\nD. 300\u00b0C\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "55ec6ea76bead28316c1428444222c0e" }, { "question": "What is a meta-director?\n\nA. A meta-director is a chemical reaction that produces a benzene ring with multiple substituents.\nB. A meta-director is a type of molecular bond that connects benzene rings in complex structures.\nC. A meta-director is a substituent on a benzene ring that directs subsequent substitutions to the meta position, like the nitro group.\nD. A meta-director is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of benzene rings in biological systems.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Alkene and Alkyne Addition Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fa07ea86afacaf0432cb3de5cdb65799" }, { "question": "How would you differentiate between aromatic, anti aromatic and non aromatic compounds?\n\nA. Aromatic: cyclic, no resonance, electrophilic reactions. Anti-aromatic: no benzene, aliphatic, nucleophilic reactions. Non-aromatic: benzene cycle, resonance, electrophilic reactions.\nB. Aromatic: benzene cycle, resonance, nucleophilic reactions. Anti-aromatic: cyclic, aliphatic, no benzene. Non-aromatic: no benzene, no resonance, electrophilic reactions.\nC. Aromatic: cyclic, aliphatic, electrophilic reactions. Anti-aromatic: benzene cycle, resonance, nucleophilic reactions. Non-aromatic: cyclic, aliphatic, no resonance.\nD. Aromatic: no benzene, resonance, electrophilic reactions. Anti-aromatic: cyclic, no resonance, nucleophilic reactions. Non-aromatic: benzene cycle, aliphatic, electrophilic reactions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nomenclature", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3d02bffcd525406d2a4fc5803298332b" }, { "question": "What were the contributions of de Broglie, Hund, and Pauli to our understanding of the atom?\n\nA. de Broglie - atomic structure; Hund - electron orbitals; Pauli - energy conservation\nB. de Broglie - energy levels; Hund - electron configuration; Pauli - quantum tunneling\nC. de Broglie - electron spin; Hund - orbital filling order; Pauli - wave-particle duality\nD. de Broglie - particle-wave duality; Hund - Hund's rule of maximum multiplicity; Pauli - Pauli's exclusion principle\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "A Closer Look at The Atom", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "95a3c898a0a2aa606d8f3634f314d6c3" }, { "question": "How does alpha decay change the nucleus of a radioactive atom?\n\nA. Nucleus gains 1 proton and 1 neutron\nB. Nucleus gains 2 protons and 2 neutrons\nC. Nucleus loses 1 proton and 1 neutron\nD. Nucleus loses 2 protons and 2 neutrons\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1f83c3a7e4705c1547c4b01b4f5ac24c" }, { "question": "What eventually happens to radioactive isotopes?\n\nA. Radioactive isotopes transform into other isotopes.\nB. Radioactive isotopes remain unstable forever.\nC. Radioactive isotopes decay to stable nuclides.\nD. Radioactive isotopes lose their radioactivity over time.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0a4b1915ed013dd686f3ec551aa05601" }, { "question": "What is the mechanism of an aldol addition?\n\nA. Aldol addition involves the formation of an \u03b1-hydroxyaldehyde or \u03b1-hydroxyketone through the addition of an enolate to the carbonyl carbon of another molecule.\nB. Aldol addition is the process of combining two aldehyde or ketone molecules to form a larger molecule with the elimination of water.\nC. Aldol addition involves the formation of a \u03b2-hydroxyaldehyde or \u03b2-hydroxyketone through the addition of an enolate to the carbonyl carbon of another molecule under basic or acidic conditions.\nD. Aldol addition is the removal of a carbonyl group from a molecule to create a new aldehyde or ketone.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Alkene and Alkyne Addition Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "010f9e4389eb28b5580b76364a90c7fa" }, { "question": "An emission ray has a frequency of $5.10 * 10^14$ $Hz$. Given that the speed of light is $2.998 * 10^8$ $m$$/s$, what is the wavelength of the ray?\n\nA. 5.45 * 10^(-7) m\nB. 5.88 * 10^(-7) m\nC. 6.12 * 10^(-7) m\nD. 6.34 * 10^(-7) m\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bohr Model of the Atom", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f5a054db0c4cd9fd767c9c4a47a57981" }, { "question": "How do the Fahrenheit and Celsius temperature scales compare?\n\nA. F = (5/9)C - 32; C = (9/5)(F + 32)\nB. F = (9/5)C + 32; C = (5/9)(F - 32)\nC. F = (5/9)C + 32; C = (9/5)(F - 32)\nD. F = (9/5)C - 32; C = (5/9)(F + 32)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d5bed09c9b0bc36b81ff8330523ff706" }, { "question": "Is acetone a protic or an aprotic polar solvent?\n\nA. Acetone is a nonpolar aprotic solvent.\nB. Acetone is a polar protic solvent.\nC. Acetone is a polar aprotic solvent.\nD. Acetone is a nonpolar protic solvent.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions (SN1 and SN2) and Elimination Reactions (E1 and E2)", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "360cd5f79095a23b317ac04efe9088ef" }, { "question": "How do changes of state involve exchanges of energy?\n\nA. Energy transfer freezes water into ice.\nB. Heat gain causes ice to melt into water.\nC. Heat exchange turns liquid into gas.\nD. Energy loss solidifies water into ice.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fc893c22916f4c6214a121b0ed82bae8" }, { "question": "At what carbon position on the purine ring is the $NH_2$ group of adenine?\n\nA. 6\nB. 8\nC. 2\nD. 4\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "314b32c0124407169e8df341496ee8fb" }, { "question": "How do you use scientific notation to express the number 355000 to one significant figure?\n\nA. 4x10^4\nB. 5x10^5\nC. 3x10^5\nD. 4x10^5\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "016deb74f5e53f16262558ccb1edbc5e" }, { "question": "How does kinetic molecular theory explain gas laws?\n\nA. Kinetic molecular theory explains gas laws by studying the quantum properties of gas particles and their wave-particle duality.\nB. Kinetic molecular theory explains gas laws by analyzing the chemical bonds between gas particles and their potential energy changes.\nC. Kinetic molecular theory explains gas laws by focusing on the mass and density of gas particles and their interactions with gravity.\nD. Kinetic molecular theory explains gas laws by describing the relationships between pressure, volume, and temperature based on particle collisions and their average kinetic energy.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e45e3edd1b9d0a780ca87d64eca072a8" }, { "question": "How would you calculate the density of methanol ($CH_3OH$)?\n\nA. 0.710 g/cm\u00b3\nB. 0.875 g/cm\u00b3\nC. 0.792 g/cm\u00b3\nD. 0.653 g/cm\u00b3\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "11892cc738476b4f76ef0f7831a49b7b" }, { "question": "How do ionic and molecular compounds compare in terms of boiling points?\n\nA. There is no difference in boiling points between ionic and molecular compounds.\nB. Ionic compounds have higher boiling points.\nC. Molecular compounds have higher boiling points.\nD. Ionic compounds have lower boiling points.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cc8287b67ff8be3a2640b4d2dfcc26b6" }, { "question": "What are the oxidation states of the individual atoms in $C_2O_3$, $\"carbon suboxide\"$?\n\nA. C: +2, O: -1\nB. C: +4/3, O: -2\nC. C: +1, O: -2\nD. C: 0, O: -1\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1ce8b39750c82c5822c77928f3d7bba4" }, { "question": "A liquid turns into a gas when the liquid reaches what point?\n\nA. Freezing point\nB. Normal boiling point\nC. Melting point\nD. Condensation point\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f002b51335844d296b9793f86aaa0d0b" }, { "question": "What is the meaning of the name $\"S\"_N2$?\n\nA. Reaction rate depends on the product's concentration\nB. Reaction rate is independent of substrates' concentration\nC. Reaction rate depends on only one substrate's concentration\nD. Reaction rate depends on both substrates' concentration\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions (SN1 and SN2) and Elimination Reactions (E1 and E2)", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "28d52d8890fc13a9f6c8bfb9bdcd521f" }, { "question": "How come mixing sodium sulfate and sodium chloride doesn't make them react?\n\nA. They react, but the products are the same as the reactants.\nB. A reaction occurs, but it requires a catalyst to proceed.\nC. No reaction occurs because no new compound can be formed by mixing these two solutions.\nD. A reaction occurs, but it is too slow to be noticeable.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ced7c5bb293d2c22e9ede1f54371b788" }, { "question": "How atoms and molecules are affected by heat?\n\nA. Heat has no effect on molecule vibrations or substance density.\nB. Heat causes molecules to bond more tightly and contract in size.\nC. Heat makes molecules vibrate faster and can cause substances to expand and decrease in density.\nD. Heat slows down molecular vibrations and increases substance density.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "85707e1742eb0370bd4065190b7ac249" }, { "question": "If the reaction of 0.112 grams of H2 produces 0.745 grams of H2O, what is the percent yield?\nFe3O4+4H2=>3Fe+4H2O\n\nA. 65.3%\nB. 89.6%\nC. 74.4%\nD. 82.1%\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stoichiometry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "aab3d4c82ed03cd3b0702e88170ffe97" }, { "question": "What happens to the positron after positron emission (beta plus decay)?\n\nA. The positron combines with a proton, forming a neutron and emitting a neutrino.\nB. The positron decays into a proton and an electron neutrino.\nC. The positron remains stable and continues to exist indefinitely.\nD. The positron collides with an electron, and they annihilate each other, producing two high-energy gamma rays.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "323bf498dd29c9e31dba1b38e81fe711" }, { "question": "Does the 3rd electron shell have a capacity for 8e- or 18e-?\n\nA. Third shell can hold 18 electrons\nB. Third shell can hold 10 electrons\nC. Third shell can hold 8 electrons\nD. Third shell can hold 20 electrons\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electron Configuration", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "298552c302518c32bb7be98faaface53" }, { "question": "Are matter waves the same as de Broglie waves?\n\nA. Yes, matter waves and de Broglie waves are the same thing.\nB. De Broglie waves are a subcategory of matter waves.\nC. No, matter waves and de Broglie waves are different concepts.\nD. Matter waves are a subcategory of de Broglie waves.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0c18b0777680c7c7fc41f449d733e054" }, { "question": "What are geometric isomers?\n\nA. Geometric isomers are different compounds with distinct physical properties, having the same molecular formula but different spatial arrangements of atoms.\nB. Geometric isomers are identical compounds with the same physical properties, sharing the same molecular formula and spatial arrangements of atoms.\nC. Geometric isomers are identical compounds with the same physical properties, having different molecular formulas but similar spatial arrangements of atoms.\nD. Geometric isomers are different compounds with distinct physical properties, having different molecular formulas but similar spatial arrangements of atoms.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ways to Draw and Represent Molecules", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "daccdbe6df9538c5b41f6f8a5b5cf221" }, { "question": "Why do chemists use a mercury column to measure pressure?\n\nA. Mercury column measures pressure through color change.\nB. Mercury column measures pressure through mass determination.\nC. Mercury column measures temperature through volume change.\nD. Mercury column measures pressure through length determination.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ff23233bf5bab73bafeff058ac385224" }, { "question": "How can I balance neutralization reactions?\n\nA. Balance by adding water to the reaction.\nB. Balance by adjusting the temperature of the reaction.\nC. Balance by ensuring equal amounts of acid and base molecules.\nD. Ensure acid molecules donate equal hydrogen ions as hydroxide ions in the base to form water molecules.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "68cafaf9c1d0efb65824c99b33649e96" }, { "question": "What is $\\DeltaS$ for the below phase change if $\\DeltaH$ is 6010 $\"J\"/\"mol\"$ at STD conditions?\n\nA. 25.3 J/(mol*K)\nB. 18.5 J/(mol*K)\nC. 20.7 J/(mol*K)\nD. 22.0 J/(mol*K)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7228013c95be750bc44a1bcf8bf09c0c" }, { "question": "What measurements must be known in order to find the density of a substance?\n\nA. Weight and size\nB. Temperature and pressure\nC. Mass and volume\nD. Length and width\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4acca61cc3d0a3098c21792c473e728a" }, { "question": "What is the $\"Ostwald process\"$?\n\nA. Ostwald process: 4NH\u2083(g) + 5O\u2082(g) \u2192 4NO(g) + 6H\u2082O(g); NO(g) + 1/2O\u2082(g) \u2192 NO\u2082(g); 3NO\u2082(g) + H\u2082O(l) \u2192 2HNO\u2083(l) + NO(g)\nB. Ostwald process: 3NH\u2083(g) + 4O\u2082(g) \u2192 3NO(g) + 4H\u2082O(g); NO(g) + 2O\u2082(g) \u2192 NO\u2082(g); 4NO\u2082(g) + H\u2082O(l) \u2192 2HNO\u2083(l) + NO(g)\nC. Ostwald process: 5NH\u2083(g) + 6O\u2082(g) \u2192 5NO(g) + 7H\u2082O(g); NO(g) + 1/2O\u2082(g) \u2192 NO\u2082(g); 3NO\u2082(g) + H\u2082O(l) \u2192 2HNO\u2083(l) + NO(g)\nD. Ostwald process: 2NH\u2083(g) + 3O\u2082(g) \u2192 2NO(g) + 3H\u2082O(g); NO(g) + O\u2082(g) \u2192 NO\u2082(g); 2NO\u2082(g) + H\u2082O(l) \u2192 HNO\u2083(l) + NO(g)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "028f9c140537d7136f9737daf3f84704" }, { "question": "Why does cyclohexene have a lower melting point than cylcohexane?\n\nA. Cyclohexene has a lower melting point due to its less symmetric shape and weaker ability to form a crystalline structure.\nB. Cyclohexene has a lower melting point due to stronger intermolecular forces.\nC. Cyclohexene has a lower melting point because it forms a more stable crystalline structure.\nD. Cyclohexene has a lower melting point because it has a higher degree of symmetry.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Cyclohexanes", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "46b780a97177a1242d67d3844a5e5cd5" }, { "question": "How many structural isomers can be proposed for a formula of $C_4H_8$?\n\nA. 5 isomers\nB. 7 isomers\nC. 4 isomers\nD. 6 isomers\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "274c314b569ae2921e1dadc7d3fda3c4" }, { "question": "What are the units of the rate constant, k, for the decomposition of $H_2O_2$(aq)?\n\nA. k is in M^(-2)s^(-1)\nB. k is in s^(-1)\nC. k is in M^(-1)s^(-1)\nD. k is in M^(-1)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Kinetics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8d5911a66ce7673475c94a509e9b7353" }, { "question": "Why is solvation considered a surface phenomenon?\n\nA. Solvation starts at the surface of a dissolving solid, where solute particles are surrounded by solvent particles.\nB. Solvation is a bulk phenomenon that involves the complete dissolution of a solid before solute particles interact with solvent particles.\nC. Solvation occurs uniformly throughout a solid, with solute particles evenly distributed among solvent particles.\nD. Solvation is a surface phenomenon that only occurs on the outermost layer of a solid, leaving the interior unaffected.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b5710ad4a2158457186558d13351e158" }, { "question": "Why do aromatic compounds undergo substitution rather than addition reactions?\n\nA. Substitution maintains benzene stability; addition disrupts delocalized pi orbitals.\nB. Substitution reactions are faster; addition reactions are slower.\nC. Addition reactions increase benzene stability; substitution reactions have no effect.\nD. Addition maintains benzene stability; substitution disrupts delocalized pi orbitals.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nomenclature", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "199fc3b927ca421263ed2a2eb3147d0d" }, { "question": "What are diastereomers?\n\nA. Diastereomers are compounds with the same chemical composition but differ in their physical properties.\nB. Diastereomers are stereoisomers with different configurations at one or more stereocenters and not mirror images.\nC. Diastereomers are stereoisomers with identical configurations at all stereocenters and mirror images.\nD. Diastereomers are isomers with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stereochemistry (R and S), Isomers, and Optical Activity", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9d2fccb6d88682deacc66afe17389230" }, { "question": "Do unstable isotopes give off energy as they fall apart?\n\nA. Unstable isotopes neither release nor absorb energy when they fall apart.\nB. Unstable isotopes only release energy when they combine with other atoms.\nC. Unstable isotopes release energy when they fall apart.\nD. Unstable isotopes absorb energy when they fall apart.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a86846f67995f43e16beb4b032b0b83c" }, { "question": "What is the pH at the half equivalence point when 50.0 mL of 0.200 M NaOH is titrated with 0.100 M HCl? The starting pH is 13.3.\n\nA. 12.50\nB. 12.30\nC. 12.70\nD. 13.00\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4ae6ddd62b60869ac10d452dc37b6a2d" }, { "question": "Is it possible to find a molecular formula from molar mass?\n\nA. Yes, with an empirical formula.\nB. No, more information is needed.\nC. No, it's impossible.\nD. Yes, directly from molar mass.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Mole Concept", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9645139ca691f03dc648851c2cb57601" }, { "question": "What molecules can have cis and trans isomers?\n\nA. 3-butene and trisubstituted ring structures\nB. 1,2-dichloroethane and tetrasubstituted ring structures\nC. 2-butene and disubstituted ring structures\nD. 1-butene and monosubstituted ring structures\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "E and Z, Cis and Trans Alkenes", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9c4535b24b1ddc14606b5154426edd14" }, { "question": "What is the external magnetic field $(B_0)$ in NMR processes?\n\nA. External magnetic field (B_0) is the field generated by the Earth's magnetic poles.\nB. External magnetic field (B_0) in NMR is the field generated by a big magnet, usually reported in terms of proton resonance frequencies.\nC. B_0 is the magnetic field produced by the interaction of radiofrequency pulses with the sample.\nD. B_0 is the internal magnetic field produced by the sample's spinning nuclei.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c6e8d8b6146ebba1b5f4d8caf9bbdbcb" }, { "question": "Are aromatic amines less basic?\n\nA. Aromatic amines are more basic due to hybridization, resonance, and ion stability.\nB. Aromatic amines are more acidic due to hybridization, resonance, and ion stability.\nC. Aromatic amines are less acidic due to hybridization, resonance, and ion stability.\nD. Aromatic amines are less basic due to hybridization, resonance, and ion stability.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "77b96d5ce683f336c042b47e74bdcc52" }, { "question": "Water is a liquid at room temperature. What is this due to?\n\nA. Weak van der Waals forces\nB. Hydrogen bonding between water molecules\nC. Ionic bonding between water molecules\nD. Covalent bonding between water molecules\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d774b74fa2c3d28fc77153d19a666410" }, { "question": "How can we graph independent and dependent variables?\n\nA. Plot independent variable on x-axis, dependent variable on y-axis.\nB. Plot both variables on x-axis, label them accordingly.\nC. Plot dependent variable on x-axis, independent variable on y-axis.\nD. Plot both variables on y-axis, label them accordingly.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "826f0fd53c02d5ba093e33d07d3ff771" }, { "question": "Why are chlorides used in flame test?\n\nA. Chlorides enhance the flame's temperature and brightness.\nB. Chlorides are abundant and easily accessible for testing.\nC. Metal chlorides produce distinct colors and are less toxic.\nD. Metal chlorides are volatile and chlorine atoms don't emit visible energy.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bohr Model of the Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "04c45e7053c4239813fbc915caf72b70" }, { "question": "How do you convert SI units?\n\nA. Multiply or divide by powers of 10.\nB. Multiply or divide by powers of 2.\nC. Add or subtract by powers of 10.\nD. Add or subtract by powers of 2.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "be575decbbbed4e59b79130991746f86" }, { "question": "What is the formula mass for $C_6H_12O_6$?\n\nA. 180.156 g/mol\nB. 210.168 g/mol\nC. 198.204 g/mol\nD. 162.072 g/mol\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b1470713fa2970c3dbd94c00c42237ff" }, { "question": "How do you balance $K+B_2O_3 -> K_2O + B$?\n\nA. 6K + B2O3 -> 3K2O + 2B\nB. 4K + B2O3 -> 2K2O + B\nC. 3K + B2O3 -> K2O + 3B\nD. 2K + B2O3 -> K2O + 4B\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "114bedd196231757c4052e549a728bb8" }, { "question": "It takes 78.2 J to raise the temperature of 45.6 grams of lead by 13.3 C. What is the specific heat of lead?\n\nA. 0.101 J/(g\u00b0C)\nB. 0.086 J/(g\u00b0C)\nC. 0.129 J/(g\u00b0C)\nD. 0.152 J/(g\u00b0C)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "96a4b10684f6af68b81760bd2c441c81" }, { "question": "Why does oxidation occur?\n\nA. Atom exchanges electron density with another atom with opposite electronegativity.\nB. Atom loses electron density to another atom with higher electronegativity.\nC. Atom gains electron density from another atom with lower electronegativity.\nD. Atom shares electron density with another atom with equal electronegativity.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5324b29aa0947f5e1338602691c913e8" }, { "question": "How did J.J. Thomson know the electron was negative?\n\nA. Thomson directly measured the electron's charge with a specially designed instrument, confirming its negativity.\nB. Thomson proved the electron's negativity by reversing Franklin's arbitrary assignment of charges.\nC. Thomson observed electron deflection in a cathode ray tube and measured its mass-to-charge ratio; Franklin had arbitrarily assigned the negative charge earlier.\nD. Thomson discovered the electron's negative charge using a modified version of Franklin's kite experiment.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "A Closer Look at The Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "593938e99be113a75175666cc31a8b75" }, { "question": "Given...$Cu^(2+) +H_2O rarr Cu(s)+1/2O_2 + 2H^+$...where does oxidation occur?\n\nA. Oxidation occurs in the sulfate anion.\nB. Oxidation occurs in the copper metal.\nC. Oxidation occurs at the anode.\nD. Oxidation occurs at the cathode.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5445ae424843042cb43cb78b7f24e7fb" }, { "question": "How fast does a proton have to be moving is order to have the same de Broglie wavelength as an electron that is moving at 3.90 \u00d7 10\u2076 m/s?\n\nA. 1.06 \u00d7 10\u00b3 m/s\nB. 4.24 \u00d7 10\u00b3 m/s\nC. 2.12 \u00d7 10\u00b3 m/s\nD. 8.48 \u00d7 10\u00b3 m/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "51d14b3333f52246c05be548af69813b" }, { "question": "How many valence electrons are in atom of radon?\n\nA. 12 valence electrons\nB. 8 valence electrons\nC. 10 valence electrons\nD. 6 valence electrons\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2222de4c46e7d4ee4a120e1a23bd9be9" }, { "question": "If you were to stir salt in water until the salt disappeared, which is the solute?\n\nA. Water is the solute.\nB. Neither salt nor water is the solute.\nC. Both salt and water are solutes.\nD. Salt is the solute.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "bd4a56201aafdcd25c5e24d8770a7f90" }, { "question": "A 2.5 L container of xenon had a pressure change from 125 kpa to 35 kpa what is the new volume?\n\nA. 4.5 L\nB. 12.3 L\nC. 6.7 L\nD. 8.9 L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fa5eeb30083d7ef87080c20c43b58e73" }, { "question": "What is an atom called when it has no charge?\n\nA. Charged atom\nB. Anion\nC. Neutral atom\nD. Cation\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "eae2ea82148e9b5d2457ab14174fa29c" }, { "question": "What is the difference in stable and unstable isotopes?\n\nA. Unstable isotopes have fewer neutrons and emit radiation to gain more neutrons.\nB. Unstable isotopes have a large nucleus that emits particles and radiation to achieve stability.\nC. Stable isotopes have a larger nucleus and emit particles to achieve stability.\nD. Stable isotopes emit particles and radiation, while unstable isotopes remain constant.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f60013fa204bcd64568655d4be59c2b2" }, { "question": "What are protic solvents?\n\nA. Solvents that form hydrogen bonds\nB. Solvents that increase reaction rates\nC. Solvents capable of proton transfer between molecules\nD. Solvents that dissolve polar molecules\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Alkene and Alkyne Addition Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f61838b7b1314ca30888c1208b9279b8" }, { "question": "What causes the pressure inside oxygen tanks to change as they are filled?\n\nA. Pressure changes due to number of molecules\nB. Pressure changes due to container material\nC. Pressure changes due to temperature\nD. Pressure changes due to volume\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "68747690854fde80c7cde7872f422893" }, { "question": "What volume must the final solution reach if you want to make a $\"0.01 N\"$ oxalic acid solution in water using $\"126 g\"$ of oxalic acid solid?\n\nA. 200 L\nB. 100 L\nC. 400 L\nD. 300 L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "37339222c5941db92ed644b5603629d5" }, { "question": "How do you identify aromatic rings?\n\nA. Aromatic rings contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms\nB. Follow H\u00fcckel's rule: aromatic rings have (4n + 2) \u03c0 electrons (n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, ...)\nC. Aromatic rings have alternating single and double bonds\nD. Aromatic rings have an even number of carbon atoms\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Functional Groups", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7a8e95a748beecf7d56764febaf71899" }, { "question": "How could IR spectroscopy distinguish between 1-hexyne, 2-hexyne, and 3-hexyne?\n\nA. Use IR spectroscopy to measure the intensity of C-C bonds and Proton NMR spectroscopy for indirect determination.\nB. Use IR spectroscopy to identify terminal alkynes by stretching C-C bond and Proton NMR spectroscopy for indirect determination.\nC. Use IR spectroscopy to identify terminal alkynes by stretching C-H bond and Proton NMR spectroscopy for direct determination.\nD. Use IR spectroscopy to identify internal alkynes by stretching C-H bond and Proton NMR spectroscopy for direct determination.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Infrared Spectroscopy", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "40bc05fcd8fed89edd446a37cfa2a5df" }, { "question": "Is an arene the same as an aromatic compound?\n\nA. Arenes are a subset of aromatic compounds, specifically aromatic hydrocarbons with benzene rings.\nB. Arenes and aromatic compounds are completely different, with no shared characteristics.\nC. Arenes are aromatic compounds with only carbon atoms, while aromatic compounds can have other elements.\nD. Arenes are a type of aliphatic compound, while aromatic compounds contain benzene rings.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3a34a874be3c84a149813ee1f04543f3" }, { "question": "What is a single bond in chemistry?\n\nA. A single bond is the sharing of 3 electrons between 2 atoms, resulting in a strong connection.\nB. A single bond is the sharing of 2 electrons between 2 atoms, minimizing repulsion and creating an attractive force.\nC. A single bond is the interaction between 2 atoms' electron clouds, causing a weak attraction.\nD. A single bond is the transfer of 1 electron from one atom to another, creating a stable compound.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Lewis Structures and Bonding", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2d249d16f6bbe8d89e9792adb5b581e7" }, { "question": "A mixture initially contains A, B, and C in the following concentrations: [A]=0.550 M, [B]=1.05 M, [C]=.550 M. The following reaction occurs and equilibrium is established: A+2B <-> C \nAt equilibrium, [A]=.390 M and [C]=0.710 M. What is the value of the equilibrium constant, Kc?\n\nA. 3.4\nB. 8.5\nC. 1.7\nD. 6.8\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Equilibrium", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "19762e22d892ab720701e53bbaf9dfb6" }, { "question": "How do gamma rays decay?\n\nA. Gamma rays decay by passing through a magnetic field, which reduces their energy.\nB. Gamma rays decay by being absorbed by particles, exciting them to high energy states, and then multiple lower-energy photons are re-emitted.\nC. Gamma rays decay through spontaneous fission into smaller particles.\nD. Gamma rays decay by colliding with other gamma rays, creating lower-energy photons.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f419d87b2b7a8e537a1966a04c737dd8" }, { "question": "In an exothermic reaction, does an increase in temperature favor the formation of products?\n\nA. Increase in temperature favors product formation in exothermic reactions.\nB. Decrease in temperature favors reactant formation in exothermic reactions.\nC. Increase in temperature has no effect on product formation in exothermic reactions.\nD. Decrease in temperature favors product formation in exothermic reactions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "eacd2b0c5baf2600201bd328fd081e1e" }, { "question": "At 25\u00b0C in a closed system, ammonium hydrogen sulfide exists as the following equilibrium. NH4HS(s)<--->NH3(g) + H2S(g) When a sample of pure NH4HS(s) is placed in an evacuated reaction vessel and allowed to come to equilibrium at 25\u00b0C, total pressure is 0.660 atm. What is the value of Kp?\n\nA. 0.11 atm\u00b2\nB. 0.22 atm\u00b2\nC. 0.44 atm\u00b2\nD. 0.66 atm\u00b2\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Equilibrium", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ae20eae7b68e7b8925fca28b0e9282a6" }, { "question": "What are cathode rays made of according to J. J. Thomson?\n\nA. Protons\nB. Photons\nC. Neutrons\nD. Electrons\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "A Closer Look at The Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7c2951fba928e2f92be75d20ac66cc2c" }, { "question": "It takes 770 joules energy to raise the temperature of 50.0 g of mercury by 110\u00b0C. What is the specific heat of mercury?\n\nA. 0.28 J/g\u00b0C\nB. 0.07 J/g\u00b0C\nC. 0.14 J/g\u00b0C\nD. 0.21 J/g\u00b0C\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8252d7d35d79eaa585a95edc07305042" }, { "question": "How are 3 states of matter similar?\n\nA. Gases don't take up space.\nB. All states can be compressed.\nC. Only solid and liquid have mass.\nD. All have mass and occupy space.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3b80a8f4f8cbf69e7d50c2efb6421202" }, { "question": "How many molar equivalents of hydride does sodium borohydride contain?\n\nA. 1 mol of BH\u2084\u207b provides 3 mol of H\u207b\nB. 1 mol of BH\u2084\u207b provides 4 mol of H\u207b\nC. 1 mol of BH\u2084\u207b provides 1 mol of H\u207b\nD. 1 mol of BH\u2084\u207b provides 2 mol of H\u207b\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Functional Groups", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b59d418303f8830230238feecf4f50e3" }, { "question": "How is carbon monoxide represented?\n\nA. C2O with 2C- and O+\nB. CO with C+ and O-\nC. CO2 with C- and 2O+\nD. CO with C- and O+\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Molecular Orbital Theory", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b21bf588c78cf588c106867106ee7fdc" }, { "question": "What is percent error/percent deviation?\n\nA. Percent error indicates the percentage of correct measurements in an experiment.\nB. Percent error represents the consistency of experimental results over time.\nC. Percent error measures the relative error between experimental and true results.\nD. Percent error calculates the difference between two experimental results.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "946c874ee68f309cdb884f7d41c05353" }, { "question": "When was Boyle's law created?\n\nA. Boyle's law was created in 1673.\nB. Boyle's law was created in 1642.\nC. Boyle's law was created in 1655.\nD. Boyle's law was created in 1662.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5b435d1de117c595845a182d04495673" }, { "question": "Which of the following molecules may have hydrogen bonds between other molecules of the same kind? CH3F, CH3NH2, CH3OH, CH3Br\n\nA. CH3F and CH3NH2\nB. CH3Br and CH3OH\nC. CH3F and CH3Br\nD. CH3NH2 and CH3OH\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6885ce814229daad023eac2ab5f640c0" }, { "question": "In a $0.250*mol*L^-1$ solution, what molar quantity is associated with a $0.200*L$ volume?\n\nA. 0.0550 mol\nB. 0.0600 mol\nC. 0.0500 mol\nD. 0.0450 mol\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "46d9557360360adcce783d3d99575cd8" }, { "question": "What transition energy corresponds to an absorption line at 460 nm?\n\nA. 5.1\u00d710^(-19) J\nB. 6.0\u00d710^(-19) J\nC. 4.3\u00d710^(-19) J\nD. 3.2\u00d710^(-19) J\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bohr Model of the Atom", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "28a0d61e9b06c1439b137eb17bc2e9f4" }, { "question": "How many moles of lithium hydroxide would it take to neutralize one mole of sulfuric acid?\n\nA. 4 moles of LiOH\nB. 2 moles of LiOH\nC. 3 moles of LiOH\nD. 1 mole of LiOH\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e261adac4e9afd8cf8543bf8e123473f" }, { "question": "How many electrons are there in carbonate ion, $CO_3^(2-)$?\n\nA. 28 electrons\nB. 36 electrons\nC. 32 electrons\nD. 40 electrons\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "db7318494f4ab2aeb870b9bb24481285" }, { "question": "A flask contains methane, chlorine, and carbon monoxide gases. The partial pressures of each are 0.215 atm, 50 torr, and 0.826 respectively. What is the total pressure in the flask?\n\nA. 1.15 atm\nB. 1.11 atm\nC. 1.03 atm\nD. 1.08 atm\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "bd9f9887a15e6fbcdc85c1f0b9cc2c55" }, { "question": "How much energy is required to vaporize 3210 g of water at 100 \u00b0C ?\n\nA. 7300 kJ\nB. 4500 kJ\nC. 9200 kJ\nD. 5900 kJ\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8976db763008cb1496f009aa694e0e0d" }, { "question": "What is the average of the mass numbers of the isotopes of an element called?\n\nA. Mass number mean\nB. Elemental weight\nC. Isotope average\nD. Atomic mass\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "31c577529d71d623278844674a0cfdca" }, { "question": "How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does a neutral hydrogen atom have?\n\nA. 0 protons, 1 electron, 1 neutron\nB. 1 proton, 1 electron, 0 neutrons\nC. 1 proton, 0 electrons, 1 neutron\nD. 2 protons, 1 electron, 0 neutrons\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "85abe268bbb4e73a27f3ebadbd34850e" }, { "question": "How does chloride ion concentration compare given $1*mol*L^-1$ solutions EACH of $NaCl$, and $CaCl_2$?\n\nA. Both solutions have equal chloride ion concentrations.\nB. $NaCl$ solution has a higher chloride ion concentration.\nC. Chloride ion concentration cannot be compared in these solutions.\nD. $CaCl_2$ solution has a higher chloride ion concentration.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3b5d4033f39d5fbefdc34c917e79bcfe" }, { "question": "What two particles have approximately the same mass?\n\nA. Protons and neutrons\nB. Electrons and neutrons\nC. Electrons and photons\nD. Protons and electrons\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6aed429640662510e6117b8cd9ff5a21" }, { "question": "How can alpha particles be detected?\n\nA. Photomultiplier tubes detect alpha particles.\nB. Zinc sulfide detects alpha particles.\nC. Geiger-M\u00fcller tubes detect alpha particles.\nD. Silicon detectors detect alpha particles.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "eec34fc056f526564beccf7613bacea6" }, { "question": "When sodium hydroxide is dissolved in aqueous solution, what ions are present?\n\nA. Na2O and H2O\nB. NaOH and H2O\nC. Na+ and H2O\nD. Na+ and OH-\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a1c65820b5d106a238561063581df886" }, { "question": "Why is it important to determine a solutions pOH?\n\nA. Estimates the conductivity and viscosity of the solution\nB. Determines concentration of H+ or OH- ions and acidity of the solution\nC. Calculates the solubility of a solute in the solution\nD. Measures the solution's temperature and pressure\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "442d3e932bbcdf09718480205d234022" }, { "question": "A 0.3200 g sample of a carboxylic acid is burned in oxygen, producing 0.5706 g of CO2 and 0.2349 g of H2O. How would you determine the empirical formula of carboxylic acid?\n\nA. C\u2082H\u2084O\u2082\nB. C\u2083H\u2086O\u2082\nC. C\u2083H\u2086O\u2084\nD. C\u2084H\u2088O\u2082\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Mole Concept", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cca764445dcb0a04bf4ab3df0d098650" }, { "question": "What does primary alcohol mean?\n\nA. Alcohol with ipso carbon attached to minimum hydrogens.\nB. Alcohol with two ipso carbons attached.\nC. Alcohol with no ipso carbon attached.\nD. Alcohol with ipso carbon attached to maximum hydrogens.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Functional Groups", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "76dbca4903c4dadd314eb7d0f203398c" }, { "question": "What volume will a balloon occupy at 1.0 atm, if the balloon has a volume of 7.6 L at 3.8 atm?\n\nA. 22 L\nB. 29 L\nC. 14.5 L\nD. 58 L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "04e5df6509fe74798cf153855e3a5f25" }, { "question": "Is acid-catalyzed hydration stereoselective?\n\nA. Acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes is stereoselective.\nB. Acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes is diastereoselective.\nC. Acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes is not stereoselective.\nD. Acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes is enantioselective.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Alkene and Alkyne Addition Reactions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0ec0412cb77749807597e5d96d272657" }, { "question": "Is positron decay exponential?\n\nA. No, positron decay is linear.\nB. No, positron decay is quadratic.\nC. Yes, positron decay is logarithmic.\nD. Yes, positron decay is exponential.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fd11ea9272aad6594d86e6f0f29269c4" }, { "question": "How do you use Planck's constant to determine frequency of a photon (given t frequency) or the energy (given the frequency)?\n\nA. E = h * v\nB. v = h / E\nC. E = h / v\nD. v = h * E\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bohr Model of the Atom", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8b020a247771b013edbda2e90251c185" }, { "question": "Why is a single bond the longest bond?\n\nA. Single bonds are longest because they involve fewer shared electrons, resulting in weaker forces and greater distance between nuclei.\nB. Single bonds are longest because they involve only one orbital overlap, resulting in a less compact bond structure.\nC. Single bonds are longest because they require more energy to form, causing the atoms to be further apart.\nD. Single bonds are longest because they have a lower electron density, making the bond weaker and more flexible.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Lewis Structures and Bonding", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a670501e516a889a6cdc01d74c46b9d1" }, { "question": "Is hydrogen the only element to react to produce a duet of valence electrons?\n\nA. No, carbon and oxygen also follow the duet rule.\nB. No, helium and neon also follow the duet rule.\nC. Yes, hydrogen is the only element.\nD. No, lithium and beryllium also follow the duet rule.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bonding Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "61fa7c59ef29c7c14b85ec4c841c5b8d" }, { "question": "Why is light a transverse wave?\n\nA. Light is a transverse wave because its components vibrate parallel to the direction of propagation.\nB. Light is a transverse wave because its components vibrate in a zigzag pattern along the direction of propagation.\nC. Light is a transverse wave because its components vibrate perpendicular to the direction of propagation.\nD. Light is a transverse wave because its components vibrate in a circular motion around the direction of propagation.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bohr Model of the Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b328b42ecd693226bb84a342fe09f3fb" }, { "question": "Does the number of valence electrons affect chemical properties?\n\nA. Yes, valence electrons directly affect chemical properties and reactivity.\nB. Chemical properties are determined by atomic mass, not valence electrons.\nC. No, valence electrons have no impact on chemical properties.\nD. Valence electrons only affect physical properties, not chemical properties.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electron Configuration", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f87a61febe2bc9ad0ac5a332b4ee2407" }, { "question": "How many electrons must be shown in the Lewis structure of the hydroxide ion, $OH^-$?\n\nA. 10 electrons\nB. 9 electrons\nC. 8 electrons\nD. 7 electrons\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Covalent Bonds", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9f83b215f8f908be0561c2c1d46cb3c0" }, { "question": "Assuming a homogeneous gas in the context of Kinetic Molecular Theory of gases, how does the root-mean-squared velocity relate to the average gas velocity in one dimension?\n\nA. $v_{RMS} = 3<>$\nB. $v_{RMS} = \\sqrt{<>}$\nC. $v_{RMS} = \\sqrt{<>}$\nD. $v_{RMS} = \\sqrt{3<>}$\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "000328a20ba88869d653eefc292c20a8" }, { "question": "What intermolecular forces are present in $CH_3F$?\n\nA. Ionic and hydrogen bonding\nB. Dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding\nC. Ionic and London dispersion forces\nD. Dipole-dipole and London dispersion forces\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4603ce161f0ad72fd333914c16e9359b" }, { "question": "What is the amount of space occupied by a substance?\n\nA. Mass\nB. Volume\nC. Density\nD. Temperature\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0cba2a2028a262b600261479631e5b4d" }, { "question": "What is the di-electric constant?\n\nA. Dielectric constant is the rate at which electric fields pass through a material.\nB. Dielectric constant (relative permittivity) is a property of insulating materials that describes how they affect electric fields.\nC. Dielectric constant is the ability of a material to conduct electric current.\nD. Dielectric constant is the measure of a material's resistance to electric fields.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a757632c0a622f8e82f4e0ca725a51f8" }, { "question": "Can cis and trans isomers exist for an alkane?\n\nA. No, only in alkenes and alkynes.\nB. Yes, in any alkane with at least one carbon-carbon double bond.\nC. Yes, in ring compounds like 1,2-dimethylcyclobutane.\nD. Yes, in linear alkanes with multiple substituents.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "E and Z, Cis and Trans Alkenes", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a90bf5a2d606cf7871adad39f78d136f" }, { "question": "Limiting reagent problem? For the reaction $C_2H_6+O_2 to CO_2+H_2O$\n\nA. 200.45g CO2, 4.55 moles\nB. 276.89g CO2, 6.29 moles\nC. 235.72g CO2, 5.36 moles\nD. 310.24g CO2, 7.05 moles\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stoichiometry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "de0ad83f188c31b570edef2a0edb4a61" }, { "question": "Can you use Le Chatelier's principle explain the role of OH ions in the CrO\u2084\u00b2\u207b \u21cc Cr\u2082O\u2087\u00b2\u207b equilibrium?\n\nA. Adding OH\u207b ions shifts the equilibrium to the right, changing the color from yellow to orange.\nB. Adding OH\u207b ions shifts the equilibrium to the right, changing the color from orange to yellow.\nC. Adding OH\u207b ions shifts the equilibrium to the left, changing the color from yellow to orange.\nD. Adding OH\u207b ions does not affect the equilibrium, keeping the color unchanged.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Equilibrium", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "965ed2c36405fd76d615ef10f4b72c1c" }, { "question": "The atomic number is the number of what?\n\nA. Total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus\nB. Number of protons in an atom's nucleus\nC. Number of electrons in an atom\nD. Number of neutrons in an atom's nucleus\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9ed013b2eb1ffe6ce9e7ab4f129f4e18" }, { "question": "How do nuclear charge and shielding effect the periodic trend and group trend of ionization energy?\n\nA. Nuclear charge and shielding have no effect on ionization energy; only electron distance matters.\nB. Nuclear charge and shielding only affect ionization energy in transition metals, not in main group elements.\nC. Starting a new period in the periodic table cancels out nuclear charge due to shielding, affecting ionization energy. Distance and filled s-orbitals also contribute to changes in ionization potential.\nD. Shielding increases nuclear charge, making it easier to remove electrons and affecting ionization energy.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "539fd889ced58e681a49d6b8dae48730" }, { "question": "If you slow the motion of water molecules down, what are they more likely to become?\n\nA. Ice\nB. Condensation\nC. Water vapor\nD. Steam\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "af700a20d38976d7434b87bb9ab7c511" }, { "question": "Why are isotopes electrically neutral?\n\nA. Isotopes are electrically neutral because they have equal numbers of protons and electrons.\nB. Isotopes are electrically neutral due to the presence of neutrons.\nC. Isotopes are electrically neutral because they have equal numbers of protons and neutrons.\nD. Isotopes are electrically neutral because their electrons cancel out the charges of other subatomic particles.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "A Closer Look at The Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "19d2e39af61fb07ce81f7d26016f05b7" }, { "question": "Acids react with metals to produce what?\n\nA. Carbon dioxide and a salt\nB. Oxygen gas and a salt\nC. Hydrogen gas and a salt\nD. Water and a salt\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ed40db320990748025ee96e4fc416450" }, { "question": "A sample of compound X is found to contain 12.3 g of O, 18.4 g of C, and 25.7 g of N. The Law of Definite Proportion says if it weighs 90.3 g, how many grams of carbon are there?\n\nA. 29.5 g C\nB. 33.7 g C\nC. 25.3 g C\nD. 21.9 g C\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "A Closer Look at The Atom", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "67f0174465f06ebe65ec51283204b682" }, { "question": "What do electron affinity values mean?\n\nA. Energy released when an atom attracts an electron; negative for first electron affinity, positive for second electron affinity.\nB. Energy absorbed when an atom attracts an electron; positive for first electron affinity, negative for second electron affinity.\nC. Energy released when an atom loses an electron; negative for first electron affinity, positive for second electron affinity.\nD. Energy absorbed when an atom loses an electron; positive for first electron affinity, negative for second electron affinity.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e675a698d4d661623a564723c538b945" }, { "question": "What is the molar specific heat capacity of ammonium chloride?\n\nA. 84.1 J/mol\u00b7K\nB. 101.7 J/mol\u00b7K\nC. 92.5 J/mol\u00b7K\nD. 76.3 J/mol\u00b7K\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8a23128df0419d8fdfa1c86c5f250ae0" }, { "question": "How can you tell if a compound has an ionic bond, polar covalent bond, or a non-polar covalent bond?\n\nA. Check electron affinity difference: ionic (>1.7), polar covalent (0.5-1.7), non-polar covalent (<0.5).\nB. Check electronegativity difference: ionic (>1.7), polar covalent (0.5-1.7), non-polar covalent (<0.5).\nC. Check atomic size difference: ionic (>1.7), polar covalent (0.5-1.7), non-polar covalent (<0.5).\nD. Check ionization energy difference: ionic (>1.7), polar covalent (0.5-1.7), non-polar covalent (<0.5).\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Lewis Structures and Bonding", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3ce25837f5214c958806459af26a58dd" }, { "question": "When a match stick turns to ash while burning is it a chemical or physical change?\n\nA. Neither chemical nor physical change\nB. Chemical change\nC. Physical change\nD. Both chemical and physical change\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b6dce604f478f8d8dc711527e19a1f3e" }, { "question": "What nitrogen bases make up Pyrimidines?\n\nA. Thymine (T), Adenine (A), and Guanine (G)\nB. Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Uracil (U)\nC. Uracil (U), Adenine (A), and Thymine (T)\nD. Adenine (A), Guanine (G), and Cytosine (C)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6bdd651254ac5f9497cedb4a926f6a15" }, { "question": "Does free radical halogenation only happen under application of UV?\n\nA. Free radical halogenation happens spontaneously without energy input.\nB. Free radical halogenation only occurs with UV light.\nC. Free radical halogenation requires specific enzymes.\nD. Free radical halogenation can occur with UV light or heat.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Radical Reactions", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "72be5f9def598da6fc22e97ac5912301" }, { "question": "For equimolar solutions of $\"sugar\"$, $\"potassium sulfate\"$, and $\"potassium hexaferricyanide\"$, which will exert the LEAST vapour pressure?\n\nA. Sugar\nB. Potassium sulfate\nC. Potassium hexaferricyanide\nD. None of them\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4ec221490864aec9c5bcbe77a8f151dc" }, { "question": "Why does the pressure exerted by a gas at a constant temperature decrease when the volume of the gas is increased?\n\nA. Pressure increases due to increased volume.\nB. Pressure decreases due to increased volume.\nC. Volume has no effect on pressure.\nD. Pressure remains constant with increased volume.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ee3aae81d12164dde2877dc3667a193c" }, { "question": "If sulfur 34 undergoes alpha decay, what will it become?\n\nA. Sulfur-34 becomes Calcium-30.\nB. Sulfur-34 becomes Argon-34.\nC. Sulfur-34 becomes Phosphorus-30.\nD. Sulfur-34 becomes Silicon-30.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8c44150d04d34632b6cae2a0e6a6ccf2" }, { "question": "$K_(sp)$ for iron (II) hydroxide, $Fe(OH)_2$ has a value 1.8x$10^-15$ at 25\u00b0C. What is the solubility of iron (II) hydroxide in mol/L and g/L at 25\u00b0C?\n\nA. 5.87x10^-6 mol/L; 1.5 mg/L\nB. 3.45x10^-6 mol/L; 2 mg/L\nC. 7.66x10^-6 mol/L; <1 mg/L\nD. 9.21x10^-6 mol/L; 0.5 mg/L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a298a428b57721eead9473522c745b77" }, { "question": "What does Gibbs free energy depend on?\n\nA. Gibbs free energy depends on activation energy, reaction rate, and concentration.\nB. Gibbs free energy depends on pressure, volume, and temperature.\nC. Gibbs free energy depends on kinetic energy, potential energy, and heat.\nD. Gibbs free energy depends on enthalpy, temperature, and entropy.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ba5bd97b16e778cf7f490ac55f141a33" }, { "question": "In order for either ethyl or isopropyl alcohol to be considered a general purpose disinfectant it must have what percent alcohol content?\n\nA. 60% alcohol\nB. 80% alcohol\nC. 70% alcohol\nD. 90% alcohol\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "41d2539329b973cadddb42576eb0c6a0" }, { "question": "What elements are diatomic?\n\nA. C, N, O, P, S, Cl, I\nB. Li, Be, B, C, N, O, F\nC. Br, I, F, Cl, O, H, N\nD. He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3e611a16160aa8c6d286ceea0c5f14cb" }, { "question": "What is the isotope symbol for oxygen-18?\n\nA. \u2087\u00b9\u2078O\nB. \u2088\u00b9\u2078O\nC. \u2088\u00b9\u2076O\nD. \u2088\u00b2\u2070O\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6bb559b0a5b12c48dbfd86aeacf63957" }, { "question": "What is the difference between mass and substance?\n\nA. Mass is a physical property, while substance is a chemical reaction.\nB. Mass is the amount of matter, while substance is a material with constant composition and properties.\nC. Mass is the weight of an object, while substance is a mixture of elements.\nD. Mass is the volume of an object, while substance is a compound of molecules.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f9805adbe5dd288b7d77d5dbacc01079" }, { "question": "What are dipole induced dipole forces?\n\nA. Dipole-induced dipole forces refer to the attraction between two non-polar molecules due to temporary fluctuations in their electron clouds.\nB. Dipole-induced dipole forces occur when a polar molecule distorts the electron cloud of a nearby molecule, causing it to become polar and bind together.\nC. Dipole-induced dipole forces are repulsive forces between two polar molecules due to their opposite charges.\nD. Dipole-induced dipole forces occur when a non-polar molecule induces polarity in a nearby polar molecule, causing them to repel each other.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Lewis Structures and Bonding", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "79421b2f9fde884424d89ea6aada1a90" }, { "question": "How does ion size relate to solubility?\n\nA. Small ions have weak attractive forces, making them more soluble than large ions.\nB. Ion size has no significant impact on solubility.\nC. Large ions have stronger attractive forces, making them less soluble than small ions.\nD. Small ions have strong attractive forces, making them less soluble than large ions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0fbb8516578d74dee70b7c9d5e08bd37" }, { "question": "Are alkyl groups polar or non-polar?\n\nA. Slightly polar\nB. Non-polar\nC. Both polar and non-polar\nD. Polar\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nomenclature", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "97e90cd06866be0b55e596e460710342" }, { "question": "How do you calculate the density in g/mL of 2.0 L of gasoline that weighs 1.32kg?\n\nA. 0.33 g/mL\nB. 0.66 g/mL\nC. 1.32 g/mL\nD. 2.64 g/mL\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f35569eba12b293e66c583e81b2ee53d" }, { "question": "How do you reduce a number to a certain number of significant digits?\n\nA. Underline needed significant figures; 2. Check next number; 3. Round up/down; 4. Change remaining numbers to zero.\nB. Remove unwanted digits; 2. Check next number; 3. Round up/down; 4. Add zeros to the end.\nC. Underline needed significant figures; 2. Check next number; 3. Round up/down; 4. Add zeros to the end.\nD. Remove unwanted digits; 2. Check next number; 3. Round up/down; 4. Change remaining numbers to zero.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "db4eccc18ed97c7083c69a2c26cb4b77" }, { "question": "Who were Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden?\n\nA. Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden were chemists who discovered the periodic table and developed the concept of atomic weight.\nB. German physicist Hans Geiger and English-New Zealand physicist Ernest Marsden co-invented the Geiger counter and conducted the Geiger-Marsden experiment, which discovered the atomic nucleus.\nC. German engineer Hans Geiger and English-New Zealand inventor Ernest Marsden created the first steam engine and pioneered industrial revolution.\nD. Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden were astronomers who discovered the existence of black holes and developed the theory of relativity.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "A Closer Look at The Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2affe5263c52045311357b86e629df94" }, { "question": "How can you identify ketones?\n\nA. R-(C=O)-OH functional group\nB. R-NH\u2082 functional group\nC. R-C\u2261N functional group\nD. R-(C=O)-R\u2081 functional group\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Functional Groups", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "79c47e1742a73c119e26b948430cb2cf" }, { "question": "How do enzymes affect gibbs free energy?\n\nA. Enzymes decrease activation energy but don't affect free energy of reaction.\nB. Enzymes have no effect on activation energy but change free energy of reaction.\nC. Enzymes decrease both activation energy and free energy of reaction.\nD. Enzymes increase activation energy and affect free energy of reaction.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4c4402beb0f751050689aa50352dc6d9" }, { "question": "Why is neutralization not a redox reaction?\n\nA. Neutralization doesn't involve electron transfer or oxidation state change.\nB. Neutralization is a redox reaction with electron transfer.\nC. Neutralization changes the oxidation state of all atoms.\nD. Neutralization only involves water formation.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b8e36e17fc34da35ab821b7d5bdc3d4d" }, { "question": "How do Lewis acids and bases differ from Bronsted/Lowry acids and bases?\n\nA. Lewis acids accept hydrogen ions, while Lewis bases donate hydrogen ions. Bronsted-Lowry acids donate electron pairs, and Bronsted-Lowry bases accept electron pairs.\nB. Lewis acids accept electron pairs, while Lewis bases donate electron pairs. Bronsted-Lowry acids donate hydrogen ions, and Bronsted-Lowry bases accept hydrogen ions.\nC. Lewis acids donate electron pairs, while Lewis bases accept electron pairs. Bronsted-Lowry acids donate hydrogen ions, and Bronsted-Lowry bases accept hydrogen ions.\nD. Lewis acids donate hydrogen ions, while Lewis bases accept hydrogen ions. Bronsted-Lowry acids donate electron pairs, and Bronsted-Lowry bases accept electron pairs.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "637bb9fe94f20afdd27904d45ce51fc3" }, { "question": "What is bond line notation?\n\nA. A diagrammatic representation of chemical bonds using dashed and solid lines.\nB. A technique to display chemical structures using colored lines for different atoms.\nC. A notation system using alphabetical symbols to represent chemical bonds.\nD. A method to represent organic molecules where carbon and attached hydrogen atoms are not shown, only carbon-carbon bonds as lines.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ways to Draw and Represent Molecules", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a49e66b03bdd99f35059b217e0beec1e" }, { "question": "Why is a magnesium atom smaller than atoms of both sodium and calcium?\n\nA. Magnesium atom is smaller because it has fewer protons and electrons than sodium and calcium.\nB. Magnesium atom is smaller due to its higher nuclear charge compared to sodium and fewer energy levels compared to calcium.\nC. Magnesium atom is smaller because it has a more compact electron configuration than sodium and calcium.\nD. Magnesium atom is smaller due to its lower atomic mass compared to sodium and calcium.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d1e14fd3a6c952fb811db5d839fa21bc" }, { "question": "If you needed to make ultrapure silver from crude silver, where would you collect the pure silver metal in an electrolytic cell?\n\nA. On the cathode\nB. In the electrolyte solution\nC. On the cell divider\nD. On the anode\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0efce5ecc987f8e23e72007010246468" }, { "question": "What is the difference between oxides , peroxides and superoxides ?\n\nA. Oxides have O^(2+), peroxides have O-O bond with O^(2-), and superoxides have oxidation state of 1/2.\nB. Oxides have O^(I), peroxides have O-O bond with O^(-2), and superoxides have oxidation state of -1.\nC. Oxides have O^(2-), peroxides have O-O bond with O^(-I), and superoxides have oxidation state of -1/2.\nD. Oxides have O^(2-), peroxides have O-O bond with O^(I), and superoxides have oxidation state of 1/2.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d5bf5db92184a01e329de648598e9062" }, { "question": "How many moles of hydrogen gas are produced when $\"20 g\"$ of sodium metal react with $\"10 g\"$ of water?\n\nA. 0.2775 moles H\u2082\nB. 0.555 moles H\u2082\nC. 1.74 moles H\u2082\nD. 0.870 moles H\u2082\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stoichiometry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "abebb7aee9aa84ee918e9eef41471cf4" }, { "question": "What is the conjugate base of HSO4-?\n\nA. H\u2082SO\u2083\nB. H\u2082SO\u2084\nC. HSO\u2084\u207b\nD. SO\u2084\u00b2\u207b\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7a590e3b7a072aa0d9773a594b513a63" }, { "question": "Which of the underlined protons in each pair absorbs farther downfield in NMR spectrum $CH_3OCH_3$ or $CH_3SCH_3$?\n\nA. Hydrogen in Ether (CH3OCH3) absorbs farther upfield due to the polar C-O bond's shielding effect.\nB. Hydrogen in Ether (CH3OCH3) absorbs farther downfield due to the polar C-O bond's de-shielding effect.\nC. Hydrogen in Thioether (CH3SCH3) absorbs farther upfield due to the polar C-S bond's shielding effect.\nD. Hydrogen in Thioether (CH3SCH3) absorbs farther downfield due to the polar C-S bond's de-shielding effect.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6b12f68ccf1d4a89cd05adc4354ec099" }, { "question": "In a nuclear reaction, is mass lost to produce energy?\n\nA. No, mass is not lost in nuclear reactions.\nB. Yes, mass is lost to produce energy in nuclear reactions.\nC. Mass remains constant during nuclear reactions.\nD. Mass is gained to produce energy in nuclear reactions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c46395b9a873d6a46e49f15343ae5628" }, { "question": "How much energy is absorbed as heat by 21 g of gold when it is heated from 25\u00b0C to 35\u00b0C?\n\nA. 40.29 J\nB. 27.09 J\nC. 15.30 J\nD. 32.85 J\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "af9b41c79b23c1b1bc95fece5bc79f68" }, { "question": "How is delta G related to the equilibrium constant?\n\nA. \u0394G\u00b0 = -RT ln K\nB. \u0394G\u00b0 = RT ln K\nC. \u0394G\u00b0 = RT/K\nD. \u0394G\u00b0 = -RT ln (1/K)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "74b918194c1c5427f9995eef800e12b0" }, { "question": "What is the electron configuration of the oxide ion $O^(2-)$?\n\nA. 1s\u00b22s\u00b22p\u2075\nB. 1s\u00b22s\u00b22p\u2074\nC. 1s\u00b22s\u00b92p\u2076\nD. 1s\u00b22s\u00b22p\u2076\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electron Configuration", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c889a47001820d21dc75b4fe0ab36b32" }, { "question": "How do you balance chemical equations step by step?\n\nA. Balance by changing subscripts, breaking polyatomic ions apart.\nB. Balance by adjusting coefficients, keeping polyatomic ions together.\nC. Balance by removing elements, keeping polyatomic ions separate.\nD. Balance by adding new elements, adjusting coefficients.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f83bda184246effb7fbde1553c3a8ee2" }, { "question": "What sort of radiation can cause central nervous system disorders?\n\nA. Microwave radiation can cause central nervous system disorders.\nB. Infrared radiation can cause central nervous system disorders.\nC. X-rays and proton beam therapy can cause central nervous system disorders.\nD. Ultraviolet radiation can cause central nervous system disorders.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "142d0ad551329085f1c4455288c2e6f0" }, { "question": "If carbon dioxide expresses a $1*\"ppm\"$ concentration in water, what is its concentration in $mol*L^-1$?\n\nA. (1x10^-3 g/L) / (88.0 g/mol)\nB. (1x10^-3 g/L) / (22.0 g/mol)\nC. (1x10^-6 g/L) / (44.0 g/mol)\nD. (1x10^-3 g/L) / (44.0 g/mol)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0d55e0531ca9c5651bdc0c1430dee6aa" }, { "question": "What is the standard cell notation of a galvanic cell made with zinc and gold?\n\nA. Au(s)|Au3+(aq)||Zn2+(aq)|Zn(s)\nB. Zn2+(aq)|Zn(s)||Au(s)|Au3+(aq)\nC. Au3+(aq)|Au(s)||Zn(s)|Zn2+(aq)\nD. Zn(s)|Zn2+(aq)||Au3+(aq)|Au(s)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ae9e8a8050dfbdbab2b0bc7b1a067fb9" }, { "question": "What is a formula that demonstrates the law of multiple proportions?\n\nA. Masses of elements in a fixed proportion\nB. Masses of elements in a small whole number ratio\nC. Masses of elements in a large whole number ratio\nD. Masses of elements in a continuous proportion\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "A Closer Look at The Atom", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d78fa1f0e18b37abcd805a2a8c1539e6" }, { "question": "What determines isotope stability?\n\nA. Neutron/proton ratio and total number of nucleons\nB. Neutron/electron ratio and total number of protons\nC. Proton/electron ratio and atomic mass\nD. Electron/neutron ratio and atomic number\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ae175a5780985233971464d9178742ac" }, { "question": "Using the following data, how do you calculate the Ksp value given that the solubility of $\"Pb\"_3(\"PO\"_4)_2$ is $6.2xx10^(-12) \"mol/L\"$ ?\n\nA. 7.5 * 10^(-56)\nB. 3.6 * 10^(-55)\nC. 9.9 * 10^(-55)\nD. 1.2 * 10^(-54)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Equilibrium", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e65a7333537cff0e64bd6c88af7fe7c2" }, { "question": "How many stereoisomers would a carbohydrate with 5 chiral carbons have?\n\nA. 16\nB. 64\nC. 32\nD. 24\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stereochemistry (R and S), Isomers, and Optical Activity", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "40943cb30bb2e8fa0f7007e45e497ec0" }, { "question": "How many moles of $N_2$ are formed by the decomposition of 2.5 moles of $NaN_3$?\n\nA. 5.0 mol N\u2082\nB. 2.5 mol N\u2082\nC. 3.75 mol N\u2082\nD. 1.25 mol N\u2082\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "709c73bb78797ae451ac690849db6a53" }, { "question": "Why isn't $C^13 NMR$ as useful as $H^1 NMR$?\n\nA. C^13 NMR has a lower resolution and is less accurate than H^1 NMR.\nB. C^13 NMR is more expensive and harder to interpret than H^1 NMR.\nC. C^13 NMR requires larger sample sizes and more complex equipment than H^1 NMR.\nD. C^13 NMR is less sensitive and provides less connectivity information than H^1 NMR.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1b644f211e8e519d880ef711607a378e" }, { "question": "Why are covalent compounds not conductive?\n\nA. No free-flowing electrons in covalent bonds.\nB. Electron sharing increases conductivity.\nC. Covalent compounds are too stable.\nD. Conductivity is blocked by shared electrons.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bonding Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "975f48fc7cc4eb78b367aefcd101f741" }, { "question": "How does the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle relate to electron degeneracy pressure?\n\nA. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle has no connection with electron degeneracy pressure.\nB. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle directly calculates electron degeneracy pressure.\nC. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle causes higher uncertainties in electron momenta when compressed, leading to degeneracy pressure.\nD. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle prevents electron degeneracy pressure from occurring.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8a8888902d6c9090c86f3d2750c3bde1" }, { "question": "What is the vapor pressure of the pure solvent if the vapor pressure of a solution of 10.0 g of sucrose, $C_6H_12O_6$, in 100.0 g of ethanol is 55.0 mmHg?\n\nA. 55.7 mmHg\nB. 58.3 mmHg\nC. 51.4 mmHg\nD. 53.2 mmHg\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f9679886cf1b53600339f0da164695a7" }, { "question": "What are the effects of radiation on living tissue?\n\nA. Radiation can cause molecular and DNA damage depending on its intensity.\nB. Radiation has no effect on living tissue.\nC. Radiation only affects non-living materials.\nD. Radiation can strengthen molecular bonds and DNA.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5d6aec5e5692efca14bbe8e499d955f8" }, { "question": "How do you represent triple bonds in bond line notation?\n\nA. H-C=C-H\nB. H-C-C-H\nC. H-C\u2261C-H\nD. H-C-H-C\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ways to Draw and Represent Molecules", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "68b42530b903f59e7c570ad8e95ec0dc" }, { "question": "What are the isomers of butane?\n\nA. n-Pentane and Isopentane (Methylbutane)\nB. n-Butene and Isobutene (Methylethene)\nC. n-Butane and Isobutane (Methylpropane)\nD. n-Propane and Isopropane (Methylethane)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ways to Draw and Represent Molecules", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "085c064d8356a330175e3be882e9df77" }, { "question": "How can elements have different isotopes?\n\nA. Elements have different isotopes due to varying numbers of protons in their nuclei.\nB. Elements have different isotopes due to varying numbers of electrons in their orbitals.\nC. Elements have different isotopes due to varying numbers of neutrons in their nuclei.\nD. Elements have different isotopes due to varying atomic masses of their nuclei.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d5c25a6ce150bdd554fcc67be083583d" }, { "question": "What is the Hund-Mulliken molecular orbital theory?\n\nA. Molecular orbital theory is a process for determining molecular polarity, analyzing the electron density around the molecule.\nB. Molecular orbital theory is a method for determining molecular structure, treating electrons as moving under the influence of the nuclei in the whole molecule.\nC. Molecular orbital theory is a method for calculating molecular weight, considering the distribution of electrons in the molecule.\nD. Molecular orbital theory is a technique for predicting chemical reactions, focusing on electron sharing between molecules.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Molecular Orbital Theory", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cda90fa4713ac1dd8dcf052da12a1e8e" }, { "question": "How many unpaired electrons are in a magnesium atom?\n\nA. 1 unpaired electron\nB. 2 unpaired electrons\nC. 4 unpaired electrons\nD. 3 unpaired electrons\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electron Configuration", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "55c9898b6e2d823a532d484d57079974" }, { "question": "How do rates of chemical weathering change as temperature increases?\n\nA. Chemical weathering increases with higher temperatures.\nB. Chemical weathering decreases with higher temperatures.\nC. Chemical weathering is unaffected by temperature changes.\nD. Chemical weathering increases with lower temperatures.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Kinetics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1ece571d61271b28bdd691a5526fd19d" }, { "question": "At 22\u00b0C, a sample of nitrogen gas occupies 8.0 L. What volume will the nitrogen occupy at 250\u00b0C?\n\nA. 10 L\nB. 22 L\nC. 18 L\nD. 14 L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d14eb3d2b5df96ff7751d773f2446440" }, { "question": "When you use a microwave oven to increase the temperature of a cup of hot chocolate, which type of heat transfer is taking place?\n\nA. Microwave radiation\nB. Conduction\nC. Thermal radiation\nD. Convection\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7ed2ebb121cb5baaf0025514d04f2fa4" }, { "question": "What's the balanced equation for magnesium and hydrochloric acid?\n\nA. Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2\nB. 2Mg + 2HCl -> 2MgCl + H2\nC. Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + 2H2\nD. Mg + HCl -> MgCl + H2\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stoichiometry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c834c3ce858b9551dab369d225d4ecc5" }, { "question": "How do you calculate the Ionization energy of Hydrogen?\n\nA. $E_n = -(1311 (kJ)/mol)/n$\nB. $E_n = -(1311 (kJ)/mol)/n^3$\nC. $E_n = -(1311 (kJ)/mol)/n^2$\nD. $E_n = -(1311 (kJ)/mol)/n^4$\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "39230ae7b88d064f02f04ae848a1b9c1" }, { "question": "What is a valence electron?\n\nA. Outermost electrons in an atom\nB. Innermost electrons in an atom\nC. Electrons closest to the nucleus\nD. Electrons in the middle levels\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electron Configuration", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2c70aabf19e41db8dae98966fafaa7c3" }, { "question": "How do you calculate the number of microstates a compound has?\n\nA. Use the equation: $\u03a9 = e^{(S/k_B)}$\nB. Use the equation: $\u03a9 = k_B * S$\nC. Use the equation: $\u03a9 = S / e^{k_B}$\nD. Use the equation: $\u03a9 = S * e^{k_B}$\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "12a710aaea5b5083e707730f45152444" }, { "question": "How do you determine the molar mass of helium?\n\nA. 6.003903 g/mol\nB. 4.002602 g/mol\nC. 8.005204 g/mol\nD. 2.001301 g/mol\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "570635e8372058d6c053b8437a39d36c" }, { "question": "How do you do acid base titration calculations?\n\nA. Find the molar ratio of the acid to the base, then use volume and molarity to convert to moles and vice versa.\nB. Use the pH scale to determine the concentration of the acid and base.\nC. Calculate the mass of the acid and base and find their ratio.\nD. Measure the temperature change during the titration process.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cfb1595dab10679b88b2278eb1e21245" }, { "question": "A solution contains 72.0 g of $HCl$ and 468 g of $C_6H_6$. What is the mole fraction of benzene?\n\nA. 0.248\nB. 0.752\nC. 0.622\nD. 0.378\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stoichiometry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6fa9c14788dc22c1ca0a0ed2e0c1d1f6" }, { "question": "What are the valence electrons in $MgCl^+$, $CO_2$, and $HF$?\n\nA. MgCl2: 8; CO2: 12; HF: 4\nB. MgCl2: 2; CO2: 16; HF: 8\nC. MgCl2: 6; CO2: 18; HF: 10\nD. MgCl2: 4; CO2: 14; HF: 6\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ways to Draw and Represent Molecules", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "633e2fa5d32727419344e9bccb3e84e3" }, { "question": "$2N_2H_4(l) + N_2O_4(l) -> 3N_2(g) + 4H_2O(l)$. If 10.81 g of $N_2H_4$ is used, what mass of nitrogen is produced?\n\nA. 14.188 grams\nB. 21.282 grams\nC. 7.094 grams\nD. 28.376 grams\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stoichiometry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "efa45fd66048a658e5713f274ba7dbe8" }, { "question": "Why does hydrogen give large number of spectral lines despite having only one electron?\n\nA. Hydrogen gives many spectral lines because its electron can move to various energy levels and emit different wavelengths when returning to its original state.\nB. Hydrogen has multiple electrons that interact with each other, creating various spectral lines.\nC. Hydrogen's spectral lines are due to the presence of isotopes with different energy levels.\nD. The large number of spectral lines is due to interference from other elements in the sample.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bohr Model of the Atom", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b1a0e42d5d17b796cee0027153cddec5" }, { "question": "How can I calculate the moles of ions in solutions?\n\nA. Add concentration to volume\nB. Subtract volume from concentration\nC. Multiply concentration by volume\nD. Divide concentration by volume\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0907758e9a09d30fdf2df08a9200611a" }, { "question": "What causes nuclear fission?\n\nA. Nuclear fission is caused by the decay of radioactive isotopes over time.\nB. Nuclear fission results from the fusion of two smaller atoms into a larger one.\nC. Nuclear fission occurs when atoms absorb energy from external sources, causing them to split.\nD. Nuclear fission occurs naturally or is induced by bombarding fissile isotopes with neutrons.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f21dc1a8742599519048886fcdf732be" }, { "question": "Why is $CDCl_3$ a triplet in $C^13 NMR$?\n\nA. Deuterium in CDCl\u2083 splits the \u00b9\u00b3C signal into a triplet due to its spin quantum number (I=1) and magnetic quantum numbers (+1, 0, -1).\nB. The triplet in CDCl\u2083 is caused by the interaction of \u00b9\u00b3C with the chlorine atoms in the molecule.\nC. CDCl\u2083 forms a triplet in \u00b9\u00b3C NMR due to its molecular symmetry and resonance effects.\nD. CDCl\u2083 has a triplet in \u00b9\u00b3C NMR because it forms a complex with the solvent, resulting in multiple energy levels.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "70474ce6977c499910a53a342d65a4ae" }, { "question": "Of these, what is the order from highest pH to lowest pH? $LiOH(aq)$, $HBrO(aq)$, $Sr(OH)_2(aq)$, $NH_3(aq)$, and $HI(aq)$\n\nA. HI(aq), HBrO(aq), NH\u2083(aq), LiOH(aq), Sr(OH)\u2082(aq)\nB. LiOH(aq), Sr(OH)\u2082(aq), NH\u2083(aq), HBrO(aq), HI(aq)\nC. NH\u2083(aq), HBrO(aq), HI(aq), Sr(OH)\u2082(aq), LiOH(aq)\nD. Sr(OH)\u2082(aq), LiOH(aq), NH\u2083(aq), HBrO(aq), HI(aq)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4b4a32fc6543150377e6c7aa629575a9" }, { "question": "The Product of the reaction of bromine with E-stilbene is optically inactive yet it has stereogenic centers. Why?\n\nA. Bromination of E-stilbene forms a compound with no stereogenic centers, thus it is optically inactive.\nB. Bromination of E-stilbene leads to a racemic mixture of enantiomers, cancelling out optical activity.\nC. Bromination of E-stilbene produces a meso compound with a mirror plane of symmetry, making it optically inactive.\nD. The reaction of bromine with E-stilbene breaks the stereogenic centers, resulting in an optically inactive product.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "E and Z, Cis and Trans Alkenes", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d4d98fa9f60ae3765e3897348503bd19" }, { "question": "Is white phosphorus reactive?\n\nA. Yes, white phosphorus is reactive.\nB. No, white phosphorus is not reactive.\nC. White phosphorus is only reactive in water.\nD. White phosphorus is reactive in specific conditions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "35ddf43eddd1733df75b19e38e4e67c5" }, { "question": "Why is carbon important for forming complicated molecules?\n\nA. Carbon can form 2 covalent bonds, create short chains with limited reactivity, and is affected by water, allowing for small, simple molecules and polymers.\nB. Carbon can form 5 covalent bonds, create extensive networks with diverse reactivity, and is highly affected by water, allowing for highly complex molecules and polymers.\nC. Carbon can form 3 covalent bonds, create medium-length chains with constant reactivity, and is partially affected by water, allowing for moderately complex molecules and polymers.\nD. Carbon can form 4 covalent bonds, create long chains with varying reactivity, and is unaffected by water, allowing for large, complicated molecules and polymers.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ee2eb8de6929c1575594b297fbe8c5ce" }, { "question": "How can percent error be reduced?\n\nA. Increase variables and reduce precision.\nB. Decrease accuracy and maintain variables.\nC. Ignore variables and focus on accuracy.\nD. Improve accuracy and precision by eliminating variables.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "51a0e918357dac4fd085b3f67bd49d12" }, { "question": "Using the periodic table, how can you tell how many valence electrons an element has?\n\nA. Valence electrons equal the element's group number.\nB. Valence electrons equal the element's period number.\nC. Valence electrons equal the element's atomic mass.\nD. Valence electrons equal the element's atomic number.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "14a2e6129d6885fc89c7a54d08ec5534" }, { "question": "Wha tis the name of $K_2HPO_4$?\n\nA. Potassium hydrogen phosphate\nB. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate\nC. Potassium hydrogen carbonate\nD. Potassium hydrogen sulfate\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Covalent Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "417809bd50eba843db2b1f8e9d176fea" }, { "question": "What is the typical valency of hydrogen?\n\nA. 0\nB. +1 or +2\nC. +2 or -2\nD. +1 or -1\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "35572a1d97dc953533521d7812e1d369" }, { "question": "Which of these hydrides is the MOST polar: ammonia; methane; $PH_3$; $AsH_3$?\n\nA. Ammonia\nB. Methane\nC. $AsH_3$\nD. $PH_3$\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a16250ee6e37080fb5797feb3078dd9c" }, { "question": "How would you compare the Arrhenius and Bronsted:Lowry models of acids and bases?\n\nA. Arrhenius involves proton transfer, while Bronsted-Lowry focuses on charged particles in water.\nB. Arrhenius is based on equilibrium constants, while Bronsted-Lowry is based on conductivity measurements.\nC. Arrhenius is about temperature dependence, while Bronsted-Lowry deals with pressure dependence.\nD. Arrhenius focuses on charged particles in water, while Bronsted-Lowry involves proton transfer between solvent molecules.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "90e0e8646d2264baedf4285ba2a5f6c2" }, { "question": "How would you predict the ideal bond angle(s) around each central atom in this molecule?\n\nA. 120\u00b0, 100-102\u00b0\nB. 90\u00b0, 110-112\u00b0\nC. 109.5\u00b0, 104-106\u00b0\nD. 180\u00b0, 95-97\u00b0\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Molecular Orbital Theory", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5f3c42b31e8c44085fef6a55c9c016b5" }, { "question": "How do ionization energy and electron affinity determine whether atoms of elements will combine to form ionic compounds?\n\nA. Low ionization energy leads to difficult cation formation, while high electron affinity leads to difficult anion formation, hindering ionic bonding.\nB. High ionization energy leads to easy cation formation, while low electron affinity leads to easy anion formation, promoting ionic bonding.\nC. High ionization energy leads to difficult cation formation, while low electron affinity leads to difficult anion formation, hindering ionic bonding.\nD. Low ionization energy leads to easy cation formation, while high (negative) electron affinity leads to easy anion formation, promoting ionic bonding.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "41782558cee443b8a1ba15b41a19a76e" }, { "question": "How do I rank the following compounds from lowest to highest boiling point: calcium carbonate, methane, methanol (CH\u2084O), dimethyl ether (CH\u2083OCH\u2083)?\n\nA. CH\u2083OCH\u2083 < CH\u2084 < CH\u2084O < CaCO\u2083\nB. CH\u2084 < CH\u2084O < CH\u2083OCH\u2083 < CaCO\u2083\nC. CH\u2084 < CH\u2083OCH\u2083 < CH\u2084O < CaCO\u2083\nD. CaCO\u2083 < CH\u2084O < CH\u2083OCH\u2083 < CH\u2084\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7c9faf05572de5831805c7d36b50e953" }, { "question": "2. How many protons, neutrons, electrons are in an ion of sulfur ($S^-2$)?\n\nA. 18 electrons, 16 protons, 16 neutrons\nB. 18 electrons, 18 protons, 16 neutrons\nC. 16 electrons, 16 protons, 18 neutrons\nD. 16 electrons, 18 protons, 16 neutrons\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a8db22b2054bbe2171c1ba33b8f23634" }, { "question": "How can you differentiate an aldehyde from a ketone?\n\nA. Aldehydes and ketones both reduce silver nitrate in Tollens' test.\nB. Ketones reduce silver nitrate in Tollens' test, while aldehydes don't.\nC. Neither aldehydes nor ketones reduce silver nitrate in Tollens' test.\nD. Aldehydes reduce silver nitrate in Tollens' test, while ketones don't.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Functional Groups", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6a97c5ff17d13d526895d60c629592c9" }, { "question": "How would you explain evaporation using kinetic molecular theory?\n\nA. Evaporation occurs when heated liquid particles gain kinetic energy, move faster, and escape forces of attraction to become a gas.\nB. Evaporation is when particles in a solid gain enough energy to break free and form a liquid.\nC. Evaporation is when liquid particles slow down, lose energy, and form bonds to solidify.\nD. Evaporation happens when gas particles lose kinetic energy and condense into a liquid state.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Molecular Orbital Theory", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5c5c977397f6c2656eae5b71d4b55e7a" }, { "question": "What is the formula for frequency?\n\nA. f = T\u00b2\nB. f = 1/T\nC. f = 2T\nD. f = T\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bohr Model of the Atom", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dae60d54941e31a27fbbad0bbeedecd8" }, { "question": "How do we know which iron carbonyl is produced in a reaction?\n\nA. Analyze the color change\nB. Determine through experiments\nC. Check the molecular weight\nD. Compare the boiling points\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f21d0c447ceb4a14dab2a4394a257528" }, { "question": "What are antibonding molecular orbitals?\n\nA. Antibonding molecular orbitals are orbitals that stabilize a molecule's energy.\nB. Antibonding molecular orbitals are orbitals that directly contribute to a molecule's energy.\nC. Antibonding molecular orbitals are orbitals that do not contribute to a molecule's energy.\nD. Antibonding molecular orbitals are orbitals that only exist in diatomic molecules.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Molecular Orbital Theory", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7f5cb78dbf0d3f47a5427272bd01c7c3" }, { "question": "How do you calculate the volume of 25.0 g of carbon monoxide at STP?\n\nA. 15.8 L\nB. 18.5 L\nC. 20.3 L\nD. 23.7 L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4ded6e8a7e4062c3e5960d6a7ef9b45e" }, { "question": "Why is a noble gas different from other elements?\n\nA. Noble gases have unique atomic structures, causing them to emit light.\nB. Noble gases have incomplete valence shells, making them highly reactive.\nC. Noble gases are heavier than other elements, making them less reactive.\nD. Noble gases have completed outer valence shells, making them inert and unreactive.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electron Configuration", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5b8e9f83d532520acaeedecece85ac39" }, { "question": "What is the atomic mass of lithium if 7.42% of its atoms have the mass of 6.02amu and 92.58% of its atoms have the mass of 7.02amu?\n\nA. 6.8742 amu\nB. 7.0156 amu\nC. 6.9824 amu\nD. 6.9458 amu\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "08a7ffe4d6f1bbd3403e870617a4ac51" }, { "question": "What is the molecular formula of a compound with a molar mass of 180.2 grams/mole and the empirical formula $CH_2O$?\n\nA. C\u2089H\u2081\u2088O\u2089\nB. C\u2083H\u2086O\u2083\nC. C\u2081\u2082H\u2082\u2084O\u2081\u2082\nD. C\u2086H\u2081\u2082O\u2086\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Mole Concept", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "29b0b8672173b6faf58d6ae985f9e3db" }, { "question": "What are ionic bonds usually formed between?\n\nA. Ionic bonds form between particles with similar electronegativity, usually metals and metals.\nB. Ionic bonds form between particles with similar electronegativity, usually metals and non-metals.\nC. Ionic bonds form between particles with large electronegativity differences, usually metals and non-metals.\nD. Ionic bonds form between particles with large electronegativity differences, usually non-metals and non-metals.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bonding Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "def15b447085a955ba38d155f19a49a3" }, { "question": "How do you determine the number of electrons needed to fill the outer shell of an element?\n\nA. Use the formula 2n\u00b2\nB. Use the formula 2n\nC. Use the formula n\u00b3\nD. Use the formula n\u00b2\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fdb8f8d8b69a566be62c08bdd467dc1a" }, { "question": "What are the two most abundant compounds in the atmosphere?\n\nA. Nitrogen (78.08%) and Oxygen (20.95%)\nB. Helium (0.0005%) and Neon (0.0018%)\nC. Carbon dioxide (0.04%) and Argon (0.93%)\nD. Water vapor (0-4%) and Methane (0.0002%)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8dadca18566b3a92b643c427ac2065da" }, { "question": "How do you calculate dilution factor?\n\nA. DF = Vi / Vf\nB. DF = Vf + Vi\nC. DF = Vf / Vi\nD. DF = Vf - Vi\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9521997efb71f365f99b8a078ec48827" }, { "question": "Are hydrogen bonds formed between all molecules?\n\nA. Hydrogen bonds form exclusively between molecules with carbon and hydrogen atoms.\nB. Hydrogen bonds form between all molecules regardless of their composition.\nC. Hydrogen bonds form between molecules with hydrogen attached to electronegative elements like F, O, or N.\nD. Hydrogen bonds only form within a single molecule, not between different molecules.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "30a2d323db5d66940d9da8fe816fa37f" }, { "question": "Is styrene an alkene?\n\nA. Yes, styrene is an alkene.\nB. No, styrene is an alkane.\nC. No, styrene is an alkyne.\nD. No, styrene is an alcohol.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fc0128d42635f19c4e5aac787bc1dac6" }, { "question": "Why is aspirin achiral?\n\nA. Aspirin has two chiral centres.\nB. Aspirin has one chiral centre.\nC. Aspirin contains no chiral centres.\nD. Aspirin's chiral centres cancel each other out.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stereochemistry (R and S), Isomers, and Optical Activity", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2387860f5c6943a3b48f7910ab392826" }, { "question": "What are intermolecular forces?\n\nA. Electrostatic forces, gravitational forces, and magnetic forces\nB. Ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and metallic bonds\nC. Dipole-dipole forces, hydrogen bonds, and London dispersion forces\nD. Van der Waals forces, pi bonds, and sigma bonds\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3bc9619eb8beee3283fce1d648d396b5" }, { "question": "What is the oxidation state of chlorine in KClO3?\n\nA. +5\nB. -5\nC. +7\nD. +3\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "60a4aaeec325a0c9d4d677c15d5a218f" }, { "question": "How many moles of hydrogen gas can be evolved from the action of excess hydrochloric acid on a mass of $4.8*g$ of magnesium metal?\n\nA. 0.594 mol\nB. 0.396 mol\nC. 0.198 mol\nD. 0.099 mol\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "469cc59f36b86bbc4cb8d8e31a6a0a56" }, { "question": "Are all supersaturated solutions unstable?\n\nA. Supersaturated solutions never form crystals.\nB. Yes, supersaturated solutions are unstable.\nC. No, supersaturated solutions are stable.\nD. Supersaturated solutions are always saturated.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7b12766ef2231856cda4804382df32b4" }, { "question": "How do you find oxidation numbers?\n\nA. Calculate oxidation numbers using electronegativity differences.\nB. Estimate oxidation numbers based on the position in the periodic table.\nC. Assign oxidation numbers using rules for elements, ions, and compounds; sum of oxidation numbers equals charge.\nD. Determine oxidation numbers by counting valence electrons.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "34fa727674b4e12528e0463b3ad3d5f9" }, { "question": "How are antibonding orbitals formed?\n\nA. Antibonding orbitals form from constructive interference between non-overlapping atomic orbitals, preventing a node and raising energy.\nB. Antibonding orbitals form from destructive interference between overlapping atomic orbitals, creating a node and raising energy.\nC. Antibonding orbitals form from destructive interference between non-overlapping atomic orbitals, preventing a node and lowering energy.\nD. Antibonding orbitals form from constructive interference between overlapping atomic orbitals, creating a node and raising energy.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Molecular Orbital Theory", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "253aca1003da1a60bf37fb588018b686" }, { "question": "How does a back titration differ from a regular titration?\n\nA. Back titration measures the endpoint visually, while regular titration uses an indicator.\nB. Back titration is only for insoluble salts, while regular titration is for all types of analytes.\nC. Back titration involves adding excess titrant to analyte and titrating excess titrant, while regular titration adds titrant to analyte until endpoint.\nD. Back titration uses a different titrant, while regular titration uses a standard titrant.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "119ef2f77fc4d59cc7fc525b9674b233" }, { "question": "How would you explain the photoelectric effect using quantum theory?\n\nA. Photoelectric effect is explained by classical mechanics, with electrons' energy determined by the mass and velocity of incident photons.\nB. Photoelectric effect is explained by thermodynamics, with electrons' energy derived from the temperature and heat capacity of the metal surface.\nC. Photoelectric effect is explained by continuous wave theory, with emitted electrons' energy related to the intensity of incident radiation.\nD. Photoelectric effect is explained by radiation quantization, with maximum kinetic energy of emitted electrons given by $K_(max) = h\\nu - \\phi_0$, where $h$ is Planck's constant, $\\nu$ is frequency, and $\\phi_0$ is the metal's work function.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "bacead19d6d2c70699db9adac2873b72" }, { "question": "What is the oxidation number of manganese in $\"Mn\"_2\"O\"_3$ ?\n\nA. +5\nB. +2\nC. +3\nD. +4\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c679b16fe88a12badd32a6b4db390159" }, { "question": "In a saturated hydrocarbon, what are all the bonds?\n\nA. All double bonds\nB. A mix of single and double bonds\nC. All triple bonds\nD. All single bonds\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1f33b6c5edce6081715ed817f8de2461" }, { "question": "How many 2p orbitals are there in an atom?\n\nA. 4 (2p_x, 2p_y, 2p_z, 2p_w)\nB. 2 (2p_x, 2p_y)\nC. 3 (2p_x, 2p_y, 2p_z)\nD. 1 (2p_x)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electron Configuration", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c4b25e6fa9236e5d2fed8c8eafb30cc5" }, { "question": "Can you boil a sugar solution to get pure sugar?\n\nA. No, it will not produce any sugar.\nB. Yes, but it may affect the taste.\nC. Yes, and it will retain its original taste.\nD. No, it will only dissolve the sugar further.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "efb731b02d3c1a1b63d3247be5543dc0" }, { "question": "How does a saturated solution relate to a supersaturated solution?\n\nA. A saturated solution is unstable, while a supersaturated solution is stable.\nB. A supersaturated solution has a greater solute concentration than a saturated solution.\nC. A supersaturated solution can't be brought back to saturation, while a saturated solution can.\nD. A supersaturated solution has a lower solute concentration than a saturated solution.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0b194beac7272f687b68aa91616f7a3d" }, { "question": "What is Planck's constant?\n\nA. 1.98*10^-34 kg*m^2*s^-1\nB. 8.85*10^-34 kg*m^2*s^-1\nC. 3.14*10^-34 kg*m^2*s^-1\nD. 6.63*10^-34 kg*m^2*s^-1\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bohr Model of the Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a30a65287c99945676d47666a6ca5d0e" }, { "question": "A gas occupies 12.3 L at a pressure of 40.0 mm Hg. What is the volume when the pressure is increased to 60.0 mm Hg?\n\nA. 12 L\nB. 6 L\nC. 16 L\nD. 8 L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "10d0116f3b2dc7a244626e687acf4fa2" }, { "question": "How would you round 155 cm to two significant figures?\n\nA. 160 cm\nB. 170 cm\nC. 154 cm\nD. 150 cm\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a1803e2f358a8f5fce0dddb5180e5ab6" }, { "question": "What is the proper form of the combined gas law?\n\nA. (P\u2081V\u2081)/T\u2081 = (P\u2082V\u2082)/T\u2082\nB. P\u2081V\u2081 = P\u2082V\u2082\nC. P\u2081/T\u2081 = P\u2082/T\u2082\nD. (P\u2081V\u2081)T\u2081 = (P\u2082V\u2082)T\u2082\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fc60fbc3d62e0140f84aa53e4f470ac5" }, { "question": "A gas sample of $Xe$ occupies 10-liter balloon at 27\u00b0C under a pressure of 1.2 atm. Approximately what volume would the gas occupy at 350 K at 2 atm of pressure?\n\nA. 5 L\nB. 7 L\nC. 9 L\nD. 11 L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9687f2a7223a884d060074ffcb4ef062" }, { "question": "Are sulfates soluble?\n\nA. Most sulfates are soluble, with a few exceptions.\nB. Sulfates are always soluble in non-aqueous media.\nC. All sulfates are insoluble.\nD. Solubility of sulfates depends on temperature.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d0ebc5eefc1ee953faf5a7a5980d264b" }, { "question": "What is the Pka for potassium phosphate?\n\nA. 7.25\nB. 7.20\nC. 6.31\nD. 4.80\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "448146d51a5b2a4875c3bd8f362c88ce" }, { "question": "How can elements achieve a stable electron configurations?\n\nA. Elements achieve stable electron configurations by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons to reach noble gas configurations.\nB. Elements achieve stable electron configurations by merging with other elements to form new compounds.\nC. Elements achieve stable electron configurations by changing their position on the periodic table.\nD. Elements achieve stable electron configurations by increasing their atomic mass.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Covalent Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6530015ef9ebad6c8c57e5a300f1d3e7" }, { "question": "You began with 22 grams of nitrogen, and produced 19 grams of ammonia, $NH_3$, According to the the mass calculations, you should be able to produce 26 grams of ammonia. What is the percent yield? $N_2 + 3H_2 ->2NH_3$\n\nA. 67%\nB. 56%\nC. 81%\nD. 73%\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stoichiometry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "40c30c5a70157250379250b12ef65381" }, { "question": "When charcoal burns, it undergocs a chemical change that produces heat and light. Besides the charcoal, what is the other reactant in this chemical change?\n\nA. Oxygen (O2)\nB. Nitrogen (N2)\nC. Carbon dioxide (CO2)\nD. Water (H2O)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2180b8d0f88062c4bc41953c6ef3fb8f" }, { "question": "How does artificial transmutation differ from nuclear decay?\n\nA. Artificial transmutation involves lighter elements, while nuclear decay involves heavier ones.\nB. Artificial transmutation is human-engineered, while nuclear decay occurs naturally.\nC. Artificial transmutation is natural, while nuclear decay is human-engineered.\nD. Artificial transmutation and nuclear decay are both natural processes.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "26f14f7da7a133cde9dd35724729dde0" }, { "question": "If $He$ (g) has an average kinetic energy of 5930 J/mol under certain conditions, what is the root mean square speed of $N_2$ (g) molecules under the same conditions?\n\nA. 534.6 m/s\nB. 650.7 m/s\nC. 589.3 m/s\nD. 712.4 m/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2e349b647ae5e9190d8bc7b7b988d01c" }, { "question": "What causes synthesis reactions?\n\nA. Synthesis reactions occur to increase the stability of the particles involved.\nB. Synthesis reactions occur due to external pressure on the particles.\nC. Synthesis reactions occur randomly without any specific cause.\nD. Synthesis reactions occur to decrease the stability of the particles involved.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "135423c67ed9219ccffd74f9a10b7b7a" }, { "question": "What is Gibbs energy?\n\nA. \u0394G = \u0394H - T\u0394S\nB. \u0394G = -\u0394H + T\u0394S\nC. \u0394G = \u0394H + T\u0394S\nD. \u0394G = T\u0394H - \u0394S\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ebb65f8e4060e4ba1b3b9de9291108a6" }, { "question": "What is the boiling point of a solution containing 2.33 g of caffeine, $C_8H_10N_4O_2$, dissolved in 15.0 g of benzene? The boiling point of pure benzene is 80.1 \u00b0C and the boiling point elevation constant, Kbp, is 2.53 \u00b0C/m.\n\nA. 84.3 \u00b0C\nB. 78.9 \u00b0C\nC. 82.1 \u00b0C\nD. 80.5 \u00b0C\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1f292a236de2987b17da4dd34e94a695" }, { "question": "Why does solution formation require energy?\n\nA. Energy is needed to form bonds between solute particles.\nB. Solution formation requires energy to increase temperature.\nC. Energy is needed to break bonds between solute particles for dissolving.\nD. Energy is released when solute particles dissolve.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1e82577690fead05b8396f56507c6d8e" }, { "question": "How can phase diagrams be used?\n\nA. Estimate the rate of phase change processes.\nB. Predict chemical reactions between substances.\nC. Calculate the energy released during phase changes.\nD. Determine conditions for substances' change of state.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f70ae747acafd998422af97fff91afe0" }, { "question": "Why do Van der Waals forces increase with the size of molecules?\n\nA. Van der Waals forces are constant regardless of molecule size, as polarizability and electron count do not affect them.\nB. Van der Waals forces increase with molecule size due to greater polarizability and more electrons to polarize.\nC. Van der Waals forces increase with molecule size because smaller molecules have stronger repulsive forces and fewer electrons.\nD. Van der Waals forces decrease with molecule size due to reduced polarizability and fewer electrons to polarize.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b446d700f8e03bd690802dda1ce27557" }, { "question": "How many mL of 0.200 M HCI are needed to neutralize 20.0 mL of 0.150 M $Ba(OH)_2$?\n\nA. 80 mL\nB. 60 mL\nC. 40 mL\nD. 100 mL\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "995b181c681e2636c53bdc20891d9edf" }, { "question": "How much sodium chloride can dissolve in 40 g of water at 50\u00b0C?\n\nA. 17.32g\nB. 19.07g\nC. 12.45g\nD. 14.98g\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "bcf4283f60400d160f123dfc49baef72" }, { "question": "Why are Van der Waals forces weak in liquid argon?\n\nA. Argon's high reactivity weakens Van der Waals forces.\nB. Van der Waals forces are strong due to argon's polarity.\nC. Argon's large atomic size reduces Van der Waals forces.\nD. Argon's electron symmetry and stability make Van der Waals forces weak.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "145dc88870335d1f6e33718e7ecf148c" }, { "question": "Why is vsepr theory important?\n\nA. VSEPR theory determines the chemical composition of molecules.\nB. VSEPR theory predicts the shape of molecules, helping understand their reactions.\nC. VSEPR theory measures the bond strength between atoms.\nD. VSEPR theory calculates the energy levels of molecules.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Covalent Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "be6b323f619beea0f8c851ee1d0ccd96" }, { "question": "What is a positively charged ion?\n\nA. An ion with more protons than electrons\nB. An ion with more electrons than protons\nC. An ion with equal protons and electrons\nD. An ion with no protons or electrons\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "40ffcd9b1c5f632e2352527a7eb79b8d" }, { "question": "What is the most abundant carbohydrate and its formula?\n\nA. Glucose (C6H12O6)\nB. Starch (C6H10O5)n\nC. Fructose (C6H12O6)\nD. Sucrose (C12H22O11)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nomenclature", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "90db969d32a591f15d9bd9730a679b5e" }, { "question": "What is the steric number of $SF_6$?\n\nA. 5\nB. 7\nC. 4\nD. 6\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Covalent Bonds", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0eae78a8b497ada74cd20df2b2bea33c" }, { "question": "What are the most basic units of matter?\n\nA. Molecules, made of atoms bonded together\nB. Particles, including quarks and leptons\nC. Atoms, consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons\nD. Cells, the smallest living units\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1596eeb9a0ec53bfeced8d8ab9496304" }, { "question": "What is the standard state of methanol?\n\nA. Gas\nB. Solid\nC. Liquid\nD. Plasma\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5ff879a98068196a0db5205dc01d5f23" }, { "question": "What intermolecular bonding occurs in $\"methylated spirits\"$?\n\nA. Covalent bonding and dispersion forces\nB. Dipole-dipole interactions and dispersion forces\nC. Ionic bonding and dispersion forces\nD. Hydrogen bonding and dispersion forces\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "780993c4a6004f0fd632e56c3486e3b7" }, { "question": "How can you identify aromatic compounds?\n\nA. Conjugated, cyclic, non-flat, and (4n) Pi electrons\nB. Non-conjugated, linear, flat, and (4n+2) Pi electrons\nC. Non-conjugated, cyclic, flat, and (4n) Pi electrons\nD. Conjugated, cyclic, flat, and (4n+2) Pi electrons (Huckel's rule)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Functional Groups", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dd59574227b4332aaa4be59ecde2e0da" }, { "question": "How was invisible electromagnetic radiation discovered?\n\nA. Invisible electromagnetic radiation was discovered by Einstein in 1905 through his theory of relativity.\nB. Invisible electromagnetic radiation was discovered by Hertz in 1887 through his experiments with radio waves.\nC. Invisible electromagnetic radiation was discovered by Maxwell in 1864 through his electromagnetic theory of light.\nD. Invisible electromagnetic radiation was discovered by Faraday in 1831 through his experiments with electromagnetism.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bohr Model of the Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cf01716fe90a02577436c589c00f39e8" }, { "question": "Which is the correct term for compounds that do not mix with water?\n\nA. Hydrophobic\nB. Hydrophilic\nC. Amphiphilic\nD. Hydrolytic\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7fc9420b0efde55dc4ec421f2a4bd813" }, { "question": "What is the state of matter of water?\n\nA. Water exists in plasma state.\nB. Water can be solid, liquid, or gas.\nC. Water is always a liquid.\nD. Water can only be solid or liquid.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0fe37336ffbe9ce883f3e8f3a39c01ce" }, { "question": "Why was Rutherford's gold foil experiment important?\n\nA. Rutherford's experiment revealed a dense, positively charged nucleus in atoms, disproving the plum pudding model.\nB. Rutherford's experiment confirmed the plum pudding model of atomic structure.\nC. Rutherford's experiment proved the existence of subatomic particles called quarks.\nD. Rutherford's experiment discovered the electron's negative charge and orbit around the nucleus.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "A Closer Look at The Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "518fe836abb9ec29ee2d4e3bbd25fd1d" }, { "question": "The pH scale runs from a low of what?\n\nA. pH 10\nB. pH 14\nC. pH 7\nD. pH zero\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c86623192117816938eb118649519ab3" }, { "question": "Why are London dispersion forces weak?\n\nA. Weak due to strong covalent bonds between atoms.\nB. Weak because they only occur in polar molecules.\nC. Weak due to quantum-induced instantaneous polarization multipoles in molecules.\nD. Weak due to repulsion between permanent multipole moments.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e47292d7ee51ba70399648f488dd35e5" }, { "question": "What is the relationship between atomic radius and electronegativity?\n\nA. As atomic radius decreases, electronegativity increases.\nB. As atomic radius increases, electronegativity increases.\nC. As atomic radius decreases, electronegativity decreases.\nD. There is no relationship between atomic radius and electronegativity.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e10fe302db47b2b80a05938988193bff" }, { "question": "What is the reaction for the decomposition of metal carbonate?\n\nA. Metal carbonate decomposes into metal oxide and CO\u2082\nB. Metal carbonate decomposes into metal hydroxide and CO\u2082\nC. Metal carbonate decomposes into metal chloride and CO\u2082\nD. Metal carbonate decomposes into metal sulfate and CO\u2082\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2ea7539cdd538862a6caf8f60b7da7be" }, { "question": "What is the name of the high-energy compound that cells use oth directly to fuel other chemical reactions?\n\nA. FADH2 (flavin adenine dinucleotide)\nB. NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)\nC. ATP (adenosine triphosphate)\nD. GTP (guanosine triphosphate)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "59164940613caa3279cc868ac1a40b50" }, { "question": "How do you identify sigma and pi bonds?\n\nA. Single bond: 1 sigma; Double bond: 1 sigma, 1 pi; Triple bond: 1 sigma, 2 pi\nB. Single bond: 1 sigma; Double bond: 2 sigma; Triple bond: 3 sigma\nC. Single bond: 1 sigma, 1 pi; Double bond: 2 sigma, 1 pi; Triple bond: 3 sigma, 2 pi\nD. Single bond: 1 pi; Double bond: 1 sigma, 1 pi; Triple bond: 1 sigma, 2 pi\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Hybridization and Atomic and Molecular Orbitals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c4e57c4f11701dd48316f7babc5bf8f7" }, { "question": "Why must Kelvin temperatures be used in calculations that involve gases?\n\nA. Kelvin temperatures are easier to work with in calculations.\nB. Kelvin temperatures account for pressure changes in gases.\nC. Kelvin temperatures are used because they have a direct relationship with kinetic energy and are based on absolute zero.\nD. Kelvin temperatures prevent errors due to negative values.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "488ad6622e9471f646bad2c6bac8ab4d" }, { "question": "What is the formula for sodium nitride?\n\nA. Na\u2084N\nB. Na\u2083N\nC. Na\u2082N\nD. NaN\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Mole Concept", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "414f86419d2415b8bee575c0ba8d33f8" }, { "question": "Is wood burning a physical or chemical change?\n\nA. Wood burning is both a physical and chemical change.\nB. Wood burning is neither a physical nor chemical change.\nC. Wood burning is a physical change.\nD. Wood burning is a chemical change.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ccf64fec85b3163494055bd555476ef6" }, { "question": "When is Markovnikov\u2019s rule valid?\n\nA. Markovnikov's rule is valid when the carbocation intermediate is as stable as possible.\nB. Markovnikov's rule is valid when the reaction involves a 1,2-hydride shift.\nC. Markovnikov's rule is valid only for alkene reactions.\nD. Markovnikov's rule is valid for all addition reactions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Alkene and Alkyne Addition Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "04e95d2fe2d716717c0b4943fd72d487" }, { "question": "What is the $pH$ of a solution comprising $100*mL$ volumes EACH of $HCl(aq)$ at $0.20*mol*L^-1$ and $NaOH(aq)$ at $0.18*mol*L^-1$?\n\nA. 1.0\nB. 2.0\nC. 3.0\nD. 4.0\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3e5d513a1d18bd8413449b77e8c397d4" }, { "question": "How can I write dissociation equations?\n\nA. Separate ions, indicate charges, and balance the equation.\nB. Separate ions without balancing the equation.\nC. Indicate charges without separating ions.\nD. Write ions with no charges and balance.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2f017b4398abfc5436cb79c79a7e9baa" }, { "question": "What does the azimuthal quantum number describe?\n\nA. Represents electron's spin direction\nB. Describes electron's sublevel (s, p, d, or f)\nC. Indicates electron's energy level\nD. Determines electron's orbital shape\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electron Configuration", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "41828ad56df8dd51732b59b07ecbe12b" }, { "question": "What is a titration curve?\n\nA. A graph plotting pH against titrant volume in an acid-base titration.\nB. A diagram illustrating the relationship between temperature and reaction rate.\nC. A visual representation of the equilibrium constant in a chemical reaction.\nD. A chart showing the concentration of reactants in a redox reaction.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "862ebda9834da50642d8907b9a5e6330" }, { "question": "How would you write the number of significant figures present in 16,500 km?\n\nA. 1 significant figure\nB. 4 significant figures\nC. 2 significant figures\nD. 3 significant figures\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f9b7c91ebb76c2265d339d2fd7c0ede1" }, { "question": "Can I determine the ion size by charge?\n\nA. Ion size is directly determined by charge, with positive charge increasing radius and negative charge decreasing it.\nB. Ion size isn't directly predicted by charge, but positive charge generally decreases radius, while negative charge increases it.\nC. Ion size is directly predicted by charge, with positive charge decreasing radius and negative charge having no effect.\nD. Ion size is unrelated to charge and depends solely on the number of electrons.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4b3beaf8d9810c7826a6c0d8f19d63ee" }, { "question": "What is the ionic compound formula of sodium hydroxide?\n\nA. Na2OH\nB. NaOH\nC. NaOH2\nD. NaO\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c4d99398e5faa8e46e9f58bd8139ee2c" }, { "question": "How are hydrogen bonds related to the properties of water?\n\nA. Hydrogen bonds change water's pH level.\nB. Hydrogen bonds increase water's boiling point.\nC. Hydrogen bonds decrease water's freezing point.\nD. Hydrogen bonds make substances soluble in water.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "acbddc28947a0ec505572324877785e0" }, { "question": "What are some common chemical shift ranges in $C^13 NMR$ spectrum?\n\nA. 50-90 ppm (C=O), 30-60 ppm (C=C, C\u2261N), 10-15 ppm (Alkane C)\nB. 180-210 ppm (C=O), 120-140 ppm (C=C, C\u2261N), 20-80 ppm (Alkane C)\nC. 100-150 ppm (C=O), 80-110 ppm (C=C, C\u2261N), 5-50 ppm (Alkane C)\nD. 160-220 ppm (C=O), 115-150 ppm (C=C, C\u2261N), 10-90 ppm (Alkane C)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d1523610c699ef0d2799c1843a3e8157" }, { "question": "What is the name of a covalent bond produced by the sharing of three pairs ofvelectrons?\n\nA. Triple covalent bond\nB. Double covalent bond\nC. Single covalent bond\nD. Ionic bond\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bonding Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1eba4587cc97c60d522e8637bca4f036" }, { "question": "What is the chemical formula of vinegar?\n\nA. H3CC(=O)OH\nB. CH3COOH\nC. H2O2\nD. H2CO3\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Covalent Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "94d6f7b8d1e796b436367f4a343dc063" }, { "question": "How can you identify halides?\n\nA. Halides are compounds with a noble gas atom and a negatively charged, more electronegative atom.\nB. Halides are compounds with a hydrogen atom and a positively charged, more electronegative atom.\nC. Halides are compounds with an oxygen atom and a negatively charged, less electronegative atom.\nD. Halides are compounds with a halogen atom and a positively charged, less electronegative atom.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Functional Groups", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b83c3106708bbd48e33a98ef65323988" }, { "question": "A gas with a volume of 4.0 L at 90.0 kPa expands until the pressure drops to 20.0 kPa. What is its new volume if the temperature doesn't change?\n\nA. 9 L\nB. 18 L\nC. 36 L\nD. 6 L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "41bc7a01bed90549c75be32600868fb9" }, { "question": "How do we calculate the $pH$ of a buffer that is composed of $HPO_4^(2-)$ and $H_2PO_4^(-)$?\n\nA. pH \u2248 6.80\nB. pH \u2248 7.20\nC. pH \u2248 7.50\nD. pH \u2248 6.20\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "de4258f76595dce4466e79239efd2a64" }, { "question": "What is the voltage of a galvanic cell made with zinc and aluminum at standard conditions?\n\nA. 1.20V\nB. 0.90V\nC. 1.46V\nD. 0.50V\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "40e10339f018d44d1e54a67132eb58c2" }, { "question": "How do you balance $H_2SO_4 + B(OH)_3 -> B_2(SO_4)_3 + H_2O$?\n\nA. 2H\u2082SO\u2084 + 3B(OH)\u2083 \u2192 B\u2082(SO\u2084)\u2083 + 5H\u2082O\nB. H\u2082SO\u2084 + 2B(OH)\u2083 \u2192 B\u2082(SO\u2084)\u2083 + 3H\u2082O\nC. 3H\u2082SO\u2084 + B(OH)\u2083 \u2192 2B\u2082(SO\u2084)\u2083 + 6H\u2082O\nD. 3H\u2082SO\u2084 + 2B(OH)\u2083 \u2192 B\u2082(SO\u2084)\u2083 + 6H\u2082O\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ed882df5457a1ffee8005f08fcb0a408" }, { "question": "Convert 355mL of a solution containing 6.31 ppm CaCO3 to mmol?\n\nA. 0.0112 mmol CaCO3\nB. 0.0336 mmol CaCO3\nC. 0.0448 mmol CaCO3\nD. 0.0224 mmol CaCO3\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d8a43e945f144eb73169babf87d22cfe" }, { "question": "If the initial of an ideal gas at 2.250 atm is 62.00\u00b0c, what final temperature would cause the pressure to be reduced to 1.750 atm?\n\nA. 260.5 K\nB. 295.2 K\nC. 312.7 K\nD. 234.8 K\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "05dfb136a7f75f5aece876544b7be466" }, { "question": "How does polarity affect SN1 reactions?\n\nA. Polarity affects SN1 reactions by speeding up the formation of carbocations in non-polar solvents.\nB. Polarity affects SN1 reactions by destabilizing carbocations, making the reactions occur less readily in polar solvents.\nC. Polarity has no significant effect on SN1 reactions, as carbocations are not influenced by solvent polarity.\nD. Polarity affects SN1 reactions by stabilizing carbocations, making the reactions occur more readily in polar solvents.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions (SN1 and SN2) and Elimination Reactions (E1 and E2)", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "231df81e8f8de2ec73e9bbd9d8f5653c" }, { "question": "What is an application of nuclear chemistry in medicine?\n\nA. Iodine-131 helps in kidney function analysis.\nB. Technetium-99m is used in diagnosing coronary artery disease.\nC. Plutonium-239 is utilized in brain imaging.\nD. Uranium-235 is used for cancer treatment.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d71229c03fc6877accc4ccd549a46087" }, { "question": "What kind of reaction is $2Fe(s) + O_2(g) -> 2FeO(s)$?\n\nA. Combination\nB. Displacement\nC. Redox\nD. Decomposition\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "515fb8d834d543aff74f75d88a03d87e" }, { "question": "How can precision be measured?\n\nA. Precision is measured by the elimination of systematic error.\nB. Precision is measured by the repeatability of a measurement.\nC. Precision is measured by the closeness to the true value.\nD. Precision is measured by the range of a series of measurements.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "bc52345e12bc86aed84c5891c3943098" }, { "question": "A canister contains 25 kPa of $CO_2$, 7.50 kPa of $N_2$, and 52.5 kPa of $O_2$. What is the total pressure within the canister?\n\nA. 100 kPa\nB. 95 kPa\nC. 85 kPa\nD. 72 kPa\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "06a23a59d2506f6a5f0a6da451d16653" }, { "question": "What is the molar solubility of $\"CaF\"_2$ in water in terms of its $K_(sp)$?\n\nA. s = root(3)(K_(sp)/2)\nB. s = 2 * root(3)(K_(sp))\nC. s = root(3)(K_(sp)/4)\nD. s = root(2)(K_(sp)/4)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Equilibrium", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d6bb768c83c56607c892b1a0033a3205" }, { "question": "The atomic number tells the number of what two items in an atom?\n\nA. Neutrons and electrons\nB. Electrons and quarks\nC. Protons and neutrons\nD. Protons and electrons\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d4e542f513c4bd00164a82401d5e75e9" }, { "question": "Which is the molar mass of $BF_3$?\n\nA. 75.81 g/mol\nB. 71.81 g/mol\nC. 67.81 g/mol\nD. 63.81 g/mol\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6ad75f73b24dd375a425ddc3be1c4a47" }, { "question": "What is the theoretical yield of aluminum oxide if 1.60 mol of aluminum metal is exposed to 1.50 mol of oxygen?\n\nA. 1.5 mol Al\u2082O\u2083\nB. 1.0 mol Al\u2082O\u2083\nC. 0.5 mol Al\u2082O\u2083\nD. 2.0 mol Al\u2082O\u2083\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stoichiometry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "48e5eb5b17414ac3da5792cc698fa1c6" }, { "question": "How can you determine the number of valence electrons an atom has?\n\nA. Subtract the atomic number from the mass number.\nB. Count the number of protons in the atom.\nC. Check the element's group in the periodic table for the first 3 short periods.\nD. Refer to the element's row in the periodic table.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electron Configuration", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "68ffafeeae046c77a37021b0b6fb2dfd" }, { "question": "What are some real life uses of stoichiometry?\n\nA. Balancing budgets, designing buildings, and analyzing data.\nB. Navigating oceans, programming computers, and creating art.\nC. Cooking, determining fertilizer amounts, and unit conversions.\nD. Measuring distance, predicting weather, and calculating taxes.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stoichiometry", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2ac5aa5f1b40d46a58538b638edca70b" }, { "question": "Which of these follows the Arrhenius definition?\n\nA. Donates protons to water\nB. Releases hydroxide ions into aqueous solution\nC. Releases protons into aqueous solution\nD. Accepts protons from a Bronsted acid\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "48fdee7fb5326104e58dea6b9172131e" }, { "question": "What is the formula of potassium phosphate in grams/mole?\n\nA. 212.2663 g/mol\nB. 240.1239 g/mol\nC. 198.3421 g/mol\nD. 226.3947 g/mol\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e60d6b26436a7cae9738eaa3c8e4adc2" }, { "question": "How do particles behave in the three phases of matter?\n\nA. Solid: closely held, vibrate; Liquid: move, less frantic; Gas: move freely, frantic\nB. Solid: move, less frantic; Liquid: move freely, frantic; Gas: closely held, vibrate\nC. Solid: move freely, frantic; Liquid: closely held, vibrate; Gas: move, less frantic\nD. Solid: move, frantic pace; Liquid: closely held, vibrate; Gas: move slowly, less frantic\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a98ca1d2195bd2f2ed3800bb14bc44e0" }, { "question": "What is the molar volume of 3.01 x 10(23) molecules of ethane (C2H6)?\n\nA. 18.4 L\nB. 14.8 L\nC. 11.2 L\nD. 9.6 L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "50b31b08bafe1110ef2ed1ec2d4b9ae8" }, { "question": "What are the three main types of radiation in order of increasing penetrating abilities?\n\nA. Gamma, Alpha, Beta\nB. Alpha, Beta, Gamma\nC. Gamma, Beta, Alpha\nD. Beta, Alpha, Gamma\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "946825d1fd4f10fe46a989b4c9000c6f" }, { "question": "A student performs a neutralization reaction involving an acid and a base in an open polystyrene coffee-cup calorimeter. How would the calculated value of $DeltaH$ differ from the actual value if there was significant heat loss to the surroundings?\n\nA. Enthalpy of reaction would not be affected\nB. Enthalpy of reaction would be less than expected\nC. Enthalpy of reaction would be equal to the heat loss\nD. Enthalpy of reaction would be greater than expected\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e903e85fc941711fa446498a070db8b6" }, { "question": "Why is hydrogen included in the metal activity series?\n\nA. Hydrogen's chemical properties resemble alkali metals more than halogens, so it is included in the metal activity series.\nB. Hydrogen is a transition metal, so it belongs in the metal activity series.\nC. Hydrogen forms true metals, which is why it is part of the metal activity series.\nD. Hydrogen is included in the metal activity series due to its high electronegativity.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f6e34fb40599e52526fdddd02f534c2d" }, { "question": "Why do acids react with active metals to produce hydrogen?\n\nA. Hydrogen reacts with active metals to produce acids.\nB. Acids neutralize active metals, preventing hydrogen production.\nC. Active metals and hydrogen form a stable compound in the presence of acids.\nD. Active metals lose valence electrons, and hydrogen wants those electrons, causing a reaction.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4fd456eb62b5814d15c9757fb948d715" }, { "question": "What is the difference between a nonpolar covalent bond and a polar covalent bond?\n\nA. Nonpolar covalent bonds have zero electronegativity difference; polar covalent bonds have a difference and partial charges.\nB. Nonpolar covalent bonds have a large electronegativity difference; polar covalent bonds have a small difference.\nC. Nonpolar covalent bonds involve ionic transfer; polar covalent bonds share electrons equally.\nD. Nonpolar covalent bonds form between different atoms; polar covalent bonds form between similar atoms.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bonding Basics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "25a11f2452747102e5d5d31816807f0e" }, { "question": "What information do you need to determine the chemical formula of an unknown compound?\n\nA. Melting point and boiling point\nB. Physical properties and reactivity\nC. Atomic structure and chemical bonds\nD. Empirical formula and molecular mass\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Mole Concept", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1b199732a2b3f6b53ce24848bcd4c5e9" }, { "question": "What are the applications of a buffer?\n\nA. Buffers enhance flavor in food, improve fuel efficiency, increase internet speed, and help plants grow faster.\nB. Buffers maintain pH in biochemical processes, enzyme assays, shampoos, baby lotions, brewing, textile dyeing, and laundry detergents.\nC. Buffers aid in water purification, transportation, communication systems, and waste management.\nD. Buffers are used for data storage, noise reduction, energy production, and air purification.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3c795c42f5a7df5beb439d86a55fcc22" }, { "question": "Is CO2 an acid or a base?\n\nA. CO2 is neither, but forms carbonic acid when dissolved in water.\nB. CO2 forms a base when dissolved in water.\nC. CO2 is a base.\nD. CO2 is an acid.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "48e1d344dc48e90d5bd9f323bdfd38c8" }, { "question": "A 2.0 mL sample of $NaOH$ solution is exactly neutralized by 4.0 mL of 3.0 M $HCl$ solution. What is the concentration of the $NaOH$ solution?\n\nA. 9.0 M\nB. 6.0 M\nC. 3.0 M\nD. 12.0 M\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "18d0614316ec3592177fd2feac2ee84d" }, { "question": "What is Proust's Law?\n\nA. A compound always contains the same proportion of elements by mass.\nB. A compound's mass is determined by the sum of its elements' masses.\nC. A compound's elements always have the same atomic number.\nD. A compound's properties depend on the arrangement of its elements.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "A Closer Look at The Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a980c7aa03a48608f0e5c363d56911c1" }, { "question": "The half life of a radioactive isotope is 350 years. How do you find the amount remaining after 800 years, if the initial amount is 64 grams?\n\nA. 32.65g\nB. 26.26g\nC. 13.13g\nD. 6.57g\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d8b44cff272dfcc6e905b33b54ff1a52" }, { "question": "How do you count carbon atoms in organic chemistry?\n\nA. Count carbons in Lewis structures directly; in line or skeletal structures, count angles, corners, and intersections.\nB. Count carbons in Lewis structures by counting hydrogen atoms; in line or skeletal structures, count double bonds.\nC. Count carbons in Lewis structures by counting bonds; in line or skeletal structures, count lines and circles.\nD. Count carbons in Lewis structures by counting lone pairs; in line or skeletal structures, count functional groups.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2e57877d6ec3caf041b311d71385d16f" }, { "question": "What is thermochemistry?\n\nA. Thermochemistry is the study of heat transfer in physical systems.\nB. Thermochemistry is the study of thermal properties of chemical compounds.\nC. Thermochemistry is the study of temperature effects on chemical reactions.\nD. Thermochemistry is the study of energy changes in chemical reactions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "437bfd9248ba30e50ab14e6a6b37e56f" }, { "question": "Based on Le Chatelier's principle, what would happen to a saturated solution of borax at equilibrium if we added more B4O5(OH)4 2- ions?\n\nA. Borax would precipitate from the solution.\nB. The solution would become unsaturated.\nC. The equilibrium would not shift.\nD. Borax would dissolve further into the solution.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Equilibrium", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "332511196ad5bb3e21c787517fdb81f6" }, { "question": "How would you calculate the enthalpy change, delta H, for the process in which 33.3 g of water is converted from liquid at 4.6 C to vapor at 25.0 C?\n\nFor water: H = 44.0 kJ/mol at 25.0 C and s = 4.18J/g C for H2O(l).\n\nA. 92 kJ\nB. 76 kJ\nC. 84 kJ\nD. 99 kJ\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2da05221286906888233fdcbe6ef63ad" }, { "question": "What is the ground-state electron configuration of a neutral atom of chloride?\n\nA. 1s\u00b2 2s\u00b2 2p\u2076 3s\u00b2 3p\u2075\nB. 1s\u00b2 2s\u00b2 2p\u2076 3s\u00b2 3p\u2074\nC. 1s\u00b2 2s\u00b2 2p\u2076 3s\u00b2 3p\u2076\nD. 1s\u00b2 2s\u00b2 2p\u2075 3s\u00b2 3p\u2075\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bohr Model of the Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b1994dfe216eafebb375e6d6c74a6a9e" }, { "question": "How could the freezing point depression of $CaCl_2$ be smaller than $NaCl$?\n\nA. CaCl\u2082 creates fewer ions in solution at the same mass concentration, causing less freezing point depression.\nB. CaCl\u2082 doesn't dissociate completely in solution, resulting in less freezing point depression.\nC. The chemical structure of CaCl\u2082 causes it to have a weaker interaction with water molecules, reducing freezing point depression.\nD. CaCl\u2082 has a higher molecular weight, leading to a smaller freezing point depression.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7afc837fa77e05d6e8750680be08e02f" }, { "question": "Given : S(s) + O2(g) --> SO2 (g) Delta H= -296.1 kJ \n2SO3(g) --> 2SO2(g) + O2(g) Delta H= 198.2 kJ \nHow to find the Delta H for :2S(s)+3O2(g) --> 2SO3(g)?\n\nA. -892.5 kJ/mol\nB. -684.3 kJ/mol\nC. -957.2 kJ/mol\nD. -790.4 kJ/mol\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "34dd28f6feebb7650701ffebf9fb3c4c" }, { "question": "What are the nomenclature rules to assign cis or trans prefixes?\n\nA. Cis-trans prefixes are assigned based on the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.\nB. Cis-trans prefixes are assigned based on the electronegativity of the atoms involved.\nC. Cis-trans prefixes are assigned based on the positions of identical groups on alkene carbons.\nD. Cis-trans prefixes are assigned based on the molecular weight of the compound.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "E and Z, Cis and Trans Alkenes", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "914d2c1663e3d7f8eb437363928bdb98" }, { "question": "What is the first step to balance a redox equation using the half-reaction method?\n\nA. Determine the number of electrons transferred\nB. Assign formal oxidation states\nC. Combine half-reactions\nD. Identify the oxidizing agent\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7cdba6821808714946fab2fba18244e2" }, { "question": "Are colloids heterogenous mixtures or homogenous mixtures?\n\nA. Colloids can be both homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.\nB. Colloids are homogeneous mixtures.\nC. Colloids are neither homogeneous nor heterogeneous mixtures.\nD. Colloids are heterogeneous mixtures.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f98bd609763851e70e4ffa4da11ed8d7" }, { "question": "What are the nodal planes of the $d_(x^2-y^2)$ orbital?\n\nA. Zero electron density regions in the xy plane\nB. Zero electron density regions in the xyz plane\nC. Zero electron density regions in the yz plane\nD. Zero electron density regions in the xz plane\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f1cde3ec6beab1bbd13bfee636833153" }, { "question": "What is the empirical formula of cellulose?\n\nA. C\u2086H\u2081\u2082O\u2086\nB. C\u2086H\u2081\u2080O\u2086\nC. C\u2086H\u2081\u2080O\u2084\nD. C\u2086H\u2081\u2080O\u2085\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nomenclature", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "82bfbd5cacfc9b041553c1fdd49f231d" }, { "question": "How many molecules in a HALF-MOLAR quantity of $N_2O_5$?\n\nA. 6.04 x 10^23 molecules\nB. 3.01 x 10^23 molecules\nC. 9.02 x 10^23 molecules\nD. 1.50 x 10^23 molecules\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Mole Concept", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c5fef4a4eeb8f2d3be583f68b4b6f829" }, { "question": "A volume of 50.0 milliliters of an ideal gas at STP increases to 100 milliliters. If the pressure remains constant, what must the new temperature be?\n\nA. 364 K\nB. 273 K\nC. 546 K\nD. 819 K\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "40018a7437ed7ca08b10699109830d30" }, { "question": "What happens to a base when put in water?\n\nA. A base decreases the concentration of hydrogen ions in water.\nB. A base increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in water.\nC. A base decreases the concentration of hydroxide ions in water.\nD. A base increases the concentration of hydroxide ions in water.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6ec609ecad0174d66c3c2738bdbb2392" }, { "question": "What is the difference between a nucleophile and a stong base?\n\nA. Nucleophiles are less basic and more likely to attack electrophiles, while strong bases have greater thermodynamic instability and tend to attack protic hydrogens.\nB. Nucleophiles have greater thermodynamic instability and tend to attack protic hydrogens, while strong bases are less basic and more likely to attack electrophiles.\nC. Nucleophiles are less acidic and more likely to attack electrophiles, while strong bases have greater thermodynamic stability and tend to attack protic hydrogens.\nD. Nucleophiles are more basic and attack protic hydrogens, while strong bases have less thermodynamic instability and attack electrophiles.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions (SN1 and SN2) and Elimination Reactions (E1 and E2)", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "65bda4edcd8070ffb9222cb7fa533690" }, { "question": "How is dynamic equilibrium related to vapor pressure?\n\nA. Dynamic equilibrium happens when vapor pressure decreases, causing evaporation to dominate.\nB. Dynamic equilibrium occurs when evaporation and condensation rates are equal, and vapor pressure reaches equilibrium.\nC. Dynamic equilibrium is reached when vapor pressure is zero, and no evaporation or condensation occurs.\nD. Vapor pressure is unrelated to dynamic equilibrium, as they represent different concepts.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2da97bee57fcd1667fba3c2c09dd05e5" }, { "question": "Are primary and methyl carbons MORE reactive than secondary and tertiary centres?\n\nA. Secondary and tertiary carbons are more reactive in associative reactions.\nB. Primary and methyl carbons are less reactive in associative reactions.\nC. Primary and methyl carbons are more reactive in associative reactions.\nD. Reactivity is not affected by the type of carbon center in associative reactions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "912383b7622484dfa896eff60c5cc5be" }, { "question": "Is the overall charge of the nucleus positive, neutral, or negative?\n\nA. Negative\nB. Positive\nC. Neutral\nD. Varies\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cc070c134ca3bcb86472e9e141198cbc" }, { "question": "What is a material that allows heat to move through it easily?\n\nA. Semi-conductor\nB. Non-conductor\nC. Insulator\nD. Conductor\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b9099d2509f9b722342fc6497b51caf8" }, { "question": "The electronegativity is 2.1 for H and 1.8 for Si. Based on these electronegativities, $SiH_4$ would be expected ?A) be ionic and contain H+ ions (B) be ionic and contain H- ions (C) have polar covalent bonds with a partial negative charges on the H atoms\n\nA. Polar covalent bonds with partial negative charges on H atoms\nB. Nonpolar covalent bonds\nC. Ionic with H- ions\nD. Ionic with H+ ions\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d7a7014e8eae95c2d9d940bbb4caca44" }, { "question": "When using a pipet to distribute HCL into an ice bath of Mg and boiling bath of Mg-- which reaction will occur faster?\n\nA. Both reactions occur at the same speed.\nB. Boiling bath reaction occurs faster.\nC. Ice bath reaction occurs faster.\nD. Neither reaction occurs.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Kinetics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "adb76227bcc99601ea48e9c6e251daa8" }, { "question": "What are the units for volume?\n\nA. Square meters, square centimeters, and square millimeters\nB. Cubic inches, gallons, and pints\nC. Cubic centimeters, deciliters, and hectoliters\nD. Liters, milliliters, and cubic meters\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "17bdd42ebde4e5062edbf7defec149cb" }, { "question": "What happens to electron affinity as you move down a group?\n\nA. Electron affinity increases down a group because of decreased shielding and increasing effective nuclear charge.\nB. Electron affinity remains constant down a group as shielding and effective nuclear charge balance each other.\nC. Electron affinity decreases down a group due to increased shielding and decreasing effective nuclear charge.\nD. Electron affinity fluctuates down a group due to varying shielding and effective nuclear charge interactions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d4d3416e3a082c19bf0e3eec8459dcf7" }, { "question": "Why does the air pressure inside the tires of a car increase when the car is driven?\n\nA. Driving causes air to circulate faster inside the tires, raising the pressure.\nB. Air expands when the car is driven, increasing the pressure.\nC. Tire pressure increases due to the car's weight and motion.\nD. Friction generates heat, increasing the temperature and air pressure inside the tires.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e002d09d0cbf34395981ca04bc184e0e" }, { "question": "What is the isotope symbol for an atom that contain 82 protons and 125 neutrons?\n\nA. $^82Pb$\nB. $^125Pb$\nC. $^207Bi$\nD. $^207Pb$\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nuclear Chemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b1544420305af846d9f820dbe6f54330" }, { "question": "How many significant figures are there in the number 24.006?\n\nA. 5\nB. 6\nC. 4\nD. 3\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ffc4ca0b85e9c241544bdaf02f3d5382" }, { "question": "What is the difference between a physical and a chemical property?\n\nA. Physical properties can be observed without changing a substance's composition, while chemical properties require changing it through forming or breaking bonds.\nB. Physical properties and chemical properties are the same, just observed in different states of matter.\nC. Physical properties involve forming or breaking bonds, while chemical properties can be observed without changes.\nD. Physical properties change a substance's composition, while chemical properties don't require any changes.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9d98567872a516658e95f9623b0aa74a" }, { "question": "How would you balance the following equation:\nS8 + O2 --> SO3?\n\nA. S8 + 12O2 \u2192 8SO3\nB. S8 + 16O2 \u2192 8SO3\nC. S8 + 8O2 \u2192 8SO3\nD. S8 + 6O2 \u2192 8SO3\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "20968c3ed23b4e898c59fc536aea9c1d" }, { "question": "Why are pi ($pi$) bonds weaker than sigma ($sigma$) bonds?\n\nA. Pi bonds are weaker because their p orbitals overlap side-on, making electron density less efficient in attracting nuclei.\nB. Pi bonds are weaker because they have a higher energy state than sigma bonds.\nC. Pi bonds are weaker due to their increased electron repulsion compared to sigma bonds.\nD. Pi bonds are weaker because they involve only one shared electron pair, unlike sigma bonds.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Molecular Orbital Theory", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "60575d022bac40857fbf1aa1294d945d" }, { "question": "What is bond cleavage?\n\nA. Breaking of ionic bonds in a compound.\nB. Splitting of a chemical bond into homolytic and heterolytic cleavage.\nC. Formation of covalent bonds between atoms.\nD. Combining of chemical bonds to form molecules.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Radical Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a0b561aa7f6e62976ee0f3e9d4e8e11d" }, { "question": "What is the wavelength (in nm) of the red light emitted by a barcode scanner that has a frequency of $4.62 * 10^14s^-1$?\n\nA. 670 nm\nB. 649 nm\nC. 709 nm\nD. 589 nm\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bohr Model of the Atom", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c78a462ea1bc957ef49f009368f4a9e5" }, { "question": "What are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms called?\n\nA. Structural and geometric isomers\nB. Resonance and tautomeric structures\nC. Covalent and ionic compounds\nD. Enantiomers and diastereomers\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Organic Chemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5ad49accbd3910717e1fa156d7a361ba" }, { "question": "How does specific heat change with temperature?\n\nA. Specific heat decreases with temperature, as the kinetic energy of molecules decreases and rotational energy becomes dominant.\nB. Specific heat changes with temperature as it first increases the kinetic energy of molecules, then contributes to rotational energy, and finally affects vibrational energy at high temperatures.\nC. Specific heat changes with temperature by directly affecting the substance's molecular bonds and chemical reactions.\nD. Specific heat remains constant with temperature, only affecting the substance's ability to absorb heat.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6f756962e39d168285ab74c18a470a54" }, { "question": "In reactions between metals, and gases, which is likely to be the oxidizing agent?\n\nA. Elemental metals\nB. Dioxygen gas\nC. Hydrogen gas\nD. Non-metals like Cl\u2082 gas\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fb7d2ad83122a6a19b1844e84071226d" }, { "question": "What are the units of a half-life?\n\nA. Energy\nB. Time\nC. Length\nD. Mass\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "890f34c61723ef925e493b22c366441e" }, { "question": "How do we formulate $\"iodide ion\"$ in aqueous solution?\n\nA. Iodide ion in aqueous solution: $I^-$\nB. $I_3^-$\nC. $I_2$\nD. $IO_3^-$\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Equilibrium", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8094f15c5e00c24d4e479c75a53991d4" }, { "question": "The first shell of any atom can contain up to how many electrons?\n\nA. 4 electrons\nB. 2 electrons\nC. 6 electrons\nD. 8 electrons\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electron Configuration", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ae51e7138aff468f0b30fde6f4739548" }, { "question": "How does oxygen form at the anode during the electrolysis of sodium sulfate solution?\n\nA. Oxygen forms at the anode due to its lower redox potential and energy requirement.\nB. Oxygen forms at the anode due to its higher redox potential and energy requirement.\nC. Oxygen forms at the anode as a byproduct of sodium sulfate breakdown.\nD. Oxygen forms at the anode due to the presence of hydrogen ions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electrochemistry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "018dcccdd7929cb022ac854cc105d40a" }, { "question": "Why is water so widely used as a solvent?\n\nA. High viscosity and density\nB. Low reactivity and solubility\nC. Low polarity and ionic bonding\nD. High polarity and hydrogen bonding\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Solutions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "60b829d428aac0c7946c4f4eac91af68" }, { "question": "Why do intermolecular forces weaken as kinetic energy of particles increases?\n\nA. Increased kinetic energy increases average intermolecular distance, decreasing intermolecular attraction.\nB. Increased kinetic energy decreases average intermolecular distance, increasing intermolecular attraction.\nC. Increased kinetic energy strengthens intermolecular forces, increasing intermolecular attraction.\nD. Increased kinetic energy has no effect on intermolecular forces or attraction.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e0d718dfe9613d71e780e9f39298f09c" }, { "question": "What is O2 and O3?\n\nA. O2 is the oxygen we breathe, and O3 is the ozone molecule.\nB. O2 is water vapor, and O3 is the ozone molecule.\nC. O2 is carbon dioxide, and O3 is the oxygen we breathe.\nD. O2 is the ozone molecule, and O3 is the oxygen we breathe.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7922902972650a3717960796db2e14f9" }, { "question": "Why is ionic bonding stronger than covalent?\n\nA. Covalent bonding is stronger due to sharing of electrons between atoms.\nB. Ionic bonding is stronger due to crystal networks holding positive ions with multiple negative charges.\nC. Covalent bonding is stronger because it forms complex molecular structures.\nD. Ionic bonding is stronger because it involves transfer of electrons, creating stronger attractions.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "45eb1405d30aa09ac97f39042a9a2b8d" }, { "question": "What are the differences between unhybridized and hybridized orbitals?\n\nA. Hybridized orbitals result in less stable electron structures due to higher energy levels.\nB. Unhybridized orbitals provide more stable electron structures by keeping electrons in their ground state.\nC. There is no significant difference between unhybridized and hybridized orbitals in terms of electron stability.\nD. Hybridized orbitals allow atoms to achieve a stable electron structure by moving electrons from unhybridized ground state to a higher energy level.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Hybridization and Atomic and Molecular Orbitals", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "98df689bc26a1d045544283f4f702739" }, { "question": "What alkene would you start with if you wanted to synthesize pentane?\n\nA. Pent-1-ene or pent-2-ene\nB. Pent-3-ene\nC. Pent-4-ene\nD. Pent-1-yne\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Alkene and Alkyne Addition Reactions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "aa1b1516e9fae48d115115c9a2720e09" }, { "question": "A $600*cm^3$ volume of ethane gas is completely combusted with $2500*cm^3$ of dioxygen gas to give carbon dioxide and water. What is the reagent in excess, and what volume would $CO_2(g)$ occupy after the reaction....?\n\nA. 500 cm\u00b3 O\u2082 excess; 1000 cm\u00b3 CO\u2082 produced\nB. 200 cm\u00b3 O\u2082 excess; 1100 cm\u00b3 CO\u2082 produced\nC. 300 cm\u00b3 O\u2082 excess; 1400 cm\u00b3 CO\u2082 produced\nD. 400 cm\u00b3 O\u2082 excess; 1200 cm\u00b3 CO\u2082 produced\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "89866085a41166f7876c0ee6bba6ddbc" }, { "question": "Why is formal charge used?\n\nA. Formal charge is used to calculate the energy of a molecule.\nB. Formal charge is used to understand structure, bonding, and reactivity in molecules.\nC. Formal charge is used to determine the molecular weight of a compound.\nD. Formal charge is used to predict the solubility of a substance in water.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Resonance", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "715c6f929663660c98ab4bb96cd26a00" }, { "question": "What element is represented by $[Ar]4s^2 3d^10 4p^1$?\n\nA. Element with 33 electrons\nB. Element with 31 electrons\nC. Element with 29 electrons\nD. Element with 36 electrons\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Electron Configuration", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "012356d0eea0cd0b45c804acf93fc80f" }, { "question": "Which of the following hydrocarbons undergo addition reaction: $C_2H_6$, $C_3H_8$, $C_3H_6$, $C_2H_2$ and $CH_4$?\n\nA. $C_3H_8$ and $CH_4$\nB. $C_2H_6$ and $C_3H_8$\nC. $C_2H_6$ and $CH_4$\nD. $C_3H_6$ and $C_2H_2$\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Alkene and Alkyne Addition Reactions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ba02e729b6df8882cf47f0dd408f927e" }, { "question": "At approximately what pressure will water be a vapor a 0\u00b0C?\n\nA. 0.0089 atm\nB. 0.0123 atm\nC. 0.0056 atm\nD. 0.0028 atm\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e069d3392383ad591943d1d367aaaa9e" }, { "question": "What happens to the volume of gas as the temperature of a gas increase at a constant pressure?\n\nA. Volume of gas increases with temperature at constant pressure.\nB. Volume of gas decreases with temperature at constant pressure.\nC. Volume of gas is inversely proportional to temperature at constant pressure.\nD. Volume of gas remains constant with temperature at constant pressure.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "999b631ffb85ed4c056c78245c3f792f" }, { "question": "Why does a strong acid have a weak conjugate base, whereas a weak acid has a relatively strong conjugate base?\n\nA. Strong acids have weak conjugate bases because they share protons. Weak acids have stronger conjugate bases that can donate protons to water.\nB. Strong acids have weak conjugate bases because they repel protons. Weak acids have stronger conjugate bases that can release protons into water.\nC. Strong acids have weak conjugate bases because they don't compete for protons. Weak acids have stronger conjugate bases that can take protons from water.\nD. Strong acids have weak conjugate bases because they compete for protons. Weak acids have stronger conjugate bases that can't take protons from water.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Acids and Bases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cb7ae11aa1eacde7e42d400ac2c72a50" }, { "question": "How do single covalent bonds form?\n\nA. Single covalent bonds form by transferring electrons from one atom to another, creating charged ions that attract each other.\nB. Single covalent bonds form by overlapping electron orbitals and sharing electron density, allowing atoms to achieve greater stability.\nC. Single covalent bonds form when atoms share protons, resulting in a stable configuration similar to noble gases.\nD. Single covalent bonds form through the sharing of energy between atoms, leading to a stable molecular structure.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Lewis Structures and Bonding", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1e8b1b32f345c48c8bb6b08753e7f58e" }, { "question": "What is the mass of precipitate formed when 50 ml of 16.9% w/v solution of AgNO3 is mixed with 50 ml of 5.8% w/v NaCl solution?\n\nA. 7.11 g\nB. 7.58 g\nC. 7.35 g\nD. 6.85 g\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "17e3cc079e1aa817a128f530c15744dd" }, { "question": "What are the formal charges of each atom in $ClO_4^-$?\n\nA. Negative charge on oxygen; chlorine is neutral.\nB. Negative charge on chlorine; oxygen is neutral.\nC. Both oxygen and chlorine are neutral.\nD. Both oxygen and chlorine have negative charges.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Resonance", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c4440ba535548ca5b1736275c86715f7" }, { "question": "What is a covalent compound?\n\nA. Compound with donated electrons\nB. Compound with taken electrons\nC. Compound with shared electrons\nD. Compound with unshared electrons\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9eed8fc2d6de1a78879d2d83458032b9" }, { "question": "How does Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution work?\n\nA. Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution uses Gaussian function to describe the velocities of ideal gas particles in a closed system at a specific temperature.\nB. Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution uses statistical methods to predict the collision frequency of gas particles in a closed system.\nC. Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution calculates the pressure of ideal gases based on the number of particles and their velocity in a closed system.\nD. Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution determines the entropy of ideal gases by analyzing the distribution of particle velocities at different temperatures.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Kinetics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e374a21ab0ef95dd0ca405f7853b54da" }, { "question": "How can chlorine have an atomic mass of $35.45*\"amu\"$?\n\nA. Predominant isotope mass: 35 amu\nB. Weighted average of isotopes: (0.7553x35 + 0.2447x37) amu = 35.46 amu\nC. Sum of isotope masses: 35 + 37 amu = 72 amu\nD. Equal distribution of isotopes: (35 + 37) / 2 amu = 36 amu\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8af652b6196330d6737d60cba044ae9f" }, { "question": "What is a solubility product?\n\nA. Solubility product (Ksp) is the measure of a salt's ability to conduct electricity in solution.\nB. Solubility product (Ksp) is the equilibrium constant for the dissolution of a sparingly soluble salt.\nC. Solubility product (Ksp) is the rate at which a salt dissolves in water.\nD. Solubility product (Ksp) is the maximum amount of a solute that can dissolve in a solvent.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Equilibrium", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5ab53104880a99849f2a4f9a5c593383" }, { "question": "What are some practical applications of x-rays?\n\nA. Nuclear magnetic resonance, thermal imaging, and radar technology.\nB. Gamma-ray imaging, electron microscopy, and microwave imaging.\nC. MRI scans, infrared imaging, and ultraviolet spectroscopy.\nD. X-ray crystallography, radiography (medical and security), and x-ray telescopes.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Bohr Model of the Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4d19d9e770adcc1bb02adfb77ab41f2f" }, { "question": "How does the mechanism for hydroborations with $R_2 BH$ in alkene happen?\n\nA. Three-centered linear transition state with two alkyl groups.\nB. Three-centered linear transition state with one alkyl group.\nC. Four-centered cyclic transition state with two alkyl groups.\nD. Four-centered cyclic transition state with one alkyl group.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Alkene and Alkyne Addition Reactions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9727a7614146c545bb2bb599778a7bae" }, { "question": "What rules underlie the writing of chemical equations?\n\nA. Mass and charge conservation\nB. Temperature and pressure conservation\nC. Energy and momentum conservation\nD. Color and state conservation\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Reactions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c5d0a6e8de0e0f09dcc2f016fbf6586d" }, { "question": "How do you find the percent error of the measurement 11.56 cm?\n\nA. 0.08%\nB. 0.02%\nC. 0.10%\nD. 0.04%\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3fa8c5333ce831057e1e06d56a08550d" }, { "question": "What is the formula for mercury (II) nitride?\n\nA. HgN2\nB. Hg4N2\nC. Hg3N2\nD. Hg2N3\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Ionic Bonds", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f0319535bd7cdceb8efc2cef3f0c9085" }, { "question": "How do intermolecular forces affect capillary action?\n\nA. Intermolecular forces enable capillary action through cohesion and stronger adhesive forces than cohesive forces.\nB. Intermolecular forces cause capillary action by repelling liquid molecules from the tube walls.\nC. Capillary action occurs when cohesive forces are stronger than adhesive forces due to intermolecular forces.\nD. Intermolecular forces prevent capillary action by increasing surface tension.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Intermolecular Bonding", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "81ac167948fd7c5eae3e27faeb4ad141" }, { "question": "How do you name alkoxides?\n\nA. Potassium tert-butylate\nB. Potassium sec-butoxide\nC. Potassium tert-butoxide\nD. Sodium tert-butoxide\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nomenclature", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cb48fb85f114adb73bc2cba6cf86d2a4" }, { "question": "How would you calculate the maximum number of grams of CaCl2 that could be produced from 74g of Ca(OH)2 in the following reaction:\n2HCl + Ca(OH)2 --> 2H2O + CaCl2?\n\nA. 98g\nB. 125g\nC. 140g\nD. 111g\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stoichiometry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2b0a2dbc7d894cefc6213ec5e4273821" }, { "question": "Is the hydration of phenylacetylene an antimarkovnikov behaviour?\n\nA. No, hydration of phenylacetylene is a Markovnikov addition.\nB. Yes, hydration of phenylacetylene follows both Markovnikov and anti-Markovnikov behavior.\nC. No, hydration of phenylacetylene is neither Markovnikov nor anti-Markovnikov.\nD. Yes, hydration of phenylacetylene is an anti-Markovnikov addition.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Radical Reactions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9dd33327dac3be4f201e25d70551817a" }, { "question": "What is the Lewis structure for $No_3^+$?\n\nA. $^+N(-O)_3^(-)$\nB. $^+N(=O)_3^(-)$\nC. $^+N(-O)(=O)_2^(-)$\nD. $^+N(=O)(-O)_2^(-)$\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Covalent Bonds", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "291a06d4c3b42f5f7d8767e422e6d953" }, { "question": "How would you determine the Lewis structure for $CO$?\n\nA. $^(+):O-=C:^(-)$ or $:ddotO=C:$\nB. $O=C:^(-)$ or $:ddotO^-=C:$\nC. $O=C:^(-)$ or $:ddotO=C^+$\nD. $O+=C:^(-)$ or $:ddotO=C:$\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Covalent Bonds", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6c595df769785f219397b14de2185989" }, { "question": "A $2500*m^3$ volume of gas under $200*kPa$ pressure is compressed to $500*kPa$. What is the new volume?\n\nA. 500*m^3\nB. 2000*m^3\nC. 1500*m^3\nD. 1000*m^3\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Gases", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "30ed4aedf1123049cbba21a52a272749" }, { "question": "What is the difference between hexanes and cyclohexanes?\n\nA. Hexanes: C6H14, branched chain; Cyclohexanes: C6H12, straight chain\nB. Hexanes: C5H12, straight chain; Cyclohexanes: C5H10, ring structure\nC. Hexanes: C6H12, ring structure; Cyclohexanes: C6H14, straight chain\nD. Hexanes: C6H14, straight chain; Cyclohexanes: C6H12, ring structure\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Cyclohexanes", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "130442138a1966415b470e5ec153ed03" }, { "question": "What is the amount of a substance in a given quantity of a mixture, solution, or ore?\n\nA. Density\nB. Viscosity\nC. Concentration\nD. Solubility\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Matter", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9c39ef5ac1bc8bc49421d592be70753b" }, { "question": "Upon dissolution in water, does sodium acetate give a BASIC or an ACIDIC solution?\n\nA. Sodium acetate does not dissolve in water.\nB. Sodium acetate gives a NEUTRAL solution when dissolved in water.\nC. Sodium acetate gives an ACIDIC solution when dissolved in water.\nD. Sodium acetate gives a BASIC solution when dissolved in water.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Reactions in Solution", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "46c0c536ce409b465e95231667976a76" }, { "question": "For the reaction, $K_c = 0.513$ at 500 K. $N_2O_4(g) rightleftharpoons 2NO_2(g)$. If a reaction vessel initially contains an $N_2O_4$ concentration of 0.0500 M at 500 K, what are the equilibrium concentrations of $N_2O_4$ and $NO_2$ at 500 K?\n\nA. [N2O4] = 0.0256 mol/L; [NO2] = 0.0513 mol/L\nB. [N2O4] = 0.0769 mol/L; [NO2] = 0.0115 mol/L\nC. [N2O4] = 0.0385 mol/L; [NO2] = 0.0110 mol/L\nD. [N2O4] = 0.0115 mol/L; [NO2] = 0.0769 mol/L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Chemical Equilibrium", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "278d64de26082eb04be63f1693bd6fb7" }, { "question": "How did J.J. Thomson contribute to the atomic theory?\n\nA. Thomson proved the existence of atoms by measuring their mass and size.\nB. Thomson discovered the electron and introduced the plum pudding model of atomic structure.\nC. Thomson discovered the proton and proposed the planetary model of atomic structure.\nD. Thomson discovered the neutron and developed the electron cloud model of atomic structure.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "A Closer Look at The Atom", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9fee84df593146c3df4eaaa360c54086" }, { "question": "What is the boiling point of a 0.527 m aqueous solution of LiBr?\n\nA. 100.540\u00b0C\nB. 99.460\u00b0C\nC. 101.080\u00b0C\nD. 102.200\u00b0C\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Phases of Matter", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f6a6ea3b46e249c49ce9271435237800" }, { "question": "Why are diastereomers optically active?\n\nA. Diastereomers are optically active because they have no chiral carbons and are meso compounds.\nB. Diastereomers are optically active due to their linear structure and different connectivity of atoms.\nC. Diastereomers are optically active due to their planar structure and identical configurations.\nD. Diastereomers are optically active because they have chiral carbons and are not meso compounds.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stereochemistry (R and S), Isomers, and Optical Activity", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e88ee6964c0addb03075fa1b4e425345" }, { "question": "What are exothermic reactions?\n\nA. Reactions that absorb heat\nB. Reactions that require electricity\nC. Reactions that release heat\nD. Reactions that produce light\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Thermochemistry", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6ae7856ffa9da806eeaf2b4875217def" }, { "question": "If an unknown solid is either $\"NaOH\"$ or $\"Ba\"(\"OH\")_2$, and it is reacted with excess $37%\"w/w\"$ stock $\"HCl\"$ ($rho = \"1.19 g/mL\"$), can you still determine which base is the limiting reagent?\n\nA. Determine the limiting reagent by comparing the theoretical mass of the products from both reactions.\nB. Measure the pH of the solution after the reaction to determine the limiting reagent.\nC. Observe the color change in the solution to determine the limiting reagent.\nD. Compare the solubility of the products in water to determine the limiting reagent.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Stoichiometry", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9d3c319b5d5505b85400fcb634ba920e" }, { "question": "How does the periodic trend of atomic radius relate to the addition of electrons?\n\nA. Atomic radius remains constant across a period due to similar energy levels.\nB. Atomic radius decreases from left to right in a period due to increased nuclear charge.\nC. Atomic radius increases from left to right due to added electron shielding.\nD. Atomic radius fluctuates unpredictably due to varying electron configurations.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "The Periodic Table", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "525b707f012d04c417878c986e895645" }, { "question": "What is the difference between Accepted Value vs. Experimental Value?\n\nA. Both accepted and experimental values are from experiments.\nB. Accepted value is regarded as true; experimental value is from an experiment.\nC. Accepted value is an estimate; experimental value is a precise measurement.\nD. Accepted value is from an experiment; experimental value is regarded as true.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Measurement", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b74f83e3f8b46606353b52dc7d2ea9de" }, { "question": "What determines the nucleophile's strength?\n\nA. Electron configuration, acidity, concentration, and pressure\nB. Charge, electronegativity, steric hindrance, and solvent nature\nC. Atomic mass, ionization energy, bonding, and temperature\nD. Size, polarity, solubility, and reactivity\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "chemistry", "topic": "Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions (SN1 and SN2) and Elimination Reactions (E1 and E2)", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3a44c733e5a82cae5290e3fc357a1df3" }, { "question": "How do buoyant forces occur?\n\nA. Buoyant forces occur when an object is exposed to air, causing air pressure to create a lifting force.\nB. Buoyant forces occur when an object is partially or completely submerged in a liquid, equal to the weight of liquid displaced.\nC. Buoyant forces occur when an object is heated, causing it to expand and displace liquid.\nD. Buoyant forces occur when an object is compressed, reducing its volume and displacing liquid.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Fluid Mechanics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5cdafc3f80a4ef06764f3c1bb0b1517c" }, { "question": "How does changing the speed of a fluid affect its pressure?\n\nA. Fluid pressure is constant regardless of velocity.\nB. Direct proportionality between fluid pressure and velocity.\nC. No relationship between fluid pressure and velocity.\nD. Inverse proportionality between fluid pressure and velocity.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Fluid Mechanics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e3b3a121c864dcd03522f1b8cb31067d" }, { "question": "An object with a mass of $2 kg$ is acted on by two forces. The first is $F_1= < -9 N , 8 N>$ and the second is $F_2 = < -7 N, -4 N>$. What is the object's rate and direction of acceleration?\n\nA. 10.3 m/s\u00b2, 124\u00b0 clockwise from x-axis\nB. 7.8 m/s\u00b2, 95\u00b0 clockwise from x-axis\nC. 8.25 m/s\u00b2, 104\u00b0 clockwise from x-axis\nD. 6.5 m/s\u00b2, 86\u00b0 clockwise from x-axis\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Forces and Newton's Laws", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c982f177abcff7e0472b9d60a6aa7c07" }, { "question": "What is $|| <-1, -2, 7 > - <3, 2 , -3 > ||$?\n\nA. 10.67\nB. 11.49\nC. 9.85\nD. 13.21\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5fa2e09d2a70b832828f6d26dacd2cc4" }, { "question": "A ball with a mass of $420 g$ is projected vertically by a spring loaded contraption. The spring in the contraption has a spring constant of $18 (kg)/s^2$ and was compressed by $6/5 m$ when the ball was released. How high will the ball go?\n\nA. 2.62 m\nB. 1.85 m\nC. 2.15 m\nD. 3.29 m\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Work and Energy", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "da9c3e90ee24a8315b9816ad28dfea61" }, { "question": "What are resistor combinations?\n\nA. Total resistance of 48.75 Ohms\nB. Total resistance of 68.75 Ohms\nC. Total resistance of 78.75 Ohms\nD. Total resistance of 58.75 Ohms\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Circuits", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "924047bea0b5137a0d2d3dbc02a17b23" }, { "question": "How do electric charges create magnetic fields?\n\nA. Magnetic fields only affect neutral charges.\nB. Moving electric charges produce magnetic fields.\nC. Magnetic fields create electric charges.\nD. Electric charges absorb magnetic fields.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electric Forces and Fields", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "957a47f6899063c40870e9cdcb904972" }, { "question": "The water pressure at the bottom of the Marianas Trench is approximately $1,100$ $kPa$. With how much force would the water pressure at the bottom of the Marianas Trench push on a fish with a surface area of $.50$ $m^2$?\n\nA. 550 kN\nB. 650 kN\nC. 450 kN\nD. 750 kN\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Fluid Mechanics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "03fdb6fe34a31d7e4ef6aaaff0983d78" }, { "question": "What is the sound level in dB for a sound whose intensity is 5.0 x 10-6 watts/m2?\n\nA. 64.88 dB\nB. 70.53 dB\nC. 62.47 dB\nD. 66.99 dB\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Sound", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "535f26cb7014c8d394e0a1430d4a4920" }, { "question": "How can I calculate the change of velocity?\n\nA. Calculate the average speed.\nB. Find the second derivative of position or first derivative of velocity.\nC. Multiply velocity by time.\nD. Divide distance by time.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "1D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "44f01acf31b3ee60b2e4bb39773cc6d5" }, { "question": "A spring with a constant of $4 (kg)/s^2$ is lying on the ground with one end attached to a wall. An object with a mass of $3 kg$ and speed of $1 m/s$ collides with and compresses the spring until it stops moving. How much will the spring compress?\n\nA. 0.87m\nB. 0.58m\nC. 1.29m\nD. 1.45m\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Work and Energy", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a9b41f0190987c0884e28c9fda82b8ab" }, { "question": "How does electric field affect capacitance?\n\nA. Electric field decreases capacitance.\nB. Electric field doesn't affect capacitance.\nC. Electric field changes capacitance based on geometry.\nD. Electric field increases capacitance.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electric Forces and Fields", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "15ad7238e634926e32b065d962a1d5f1" }, { "question": "The gas inside of a container exerts $25 Pa$ of pressure and is at a temperature of $450 ^o K$. If the temperature of the gas changes to $550 ^oK$ with no change in the container's volume, what is the new pressure of the gas?\n\nA. 30.56 Pa\nB. 28.45 Pa\nC. 27.89 Pa\nD. 32.67 Pa\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Fluid Mechanics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "68bf5b0699e3b6c398036b089cd2d083" }, { "question": "You place an empty pan directly on top of a stove burner, and turn on the burner. Soon, the temperature of the pan increases. How is heat transferred from the burner to the pan?\n\nA. Heat is transferred mainly by radiation and convection.\nB. Heat is transferred only by conduction.\nC. Heat is transferred mainly by conduction and convection.\nD. Heat is transferred mainly by radiation and conduction.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Heat", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fadd7c548486c4e1abaf415077e66346" }, { "question": "How does the coulomb law differ from newton's law of universal gravitation?\n\nA. Coulomb's law has positive or negative charges, while gravitational forces are always attractive.\nB. Coulomb's law only applies to charged particles, while gravitational forces affect all objects.\nC. Gravitational forces can be positive or negative, while Coulomb's law forces are always attractive.\nD. Newton's law of universal gravitation has a constant, while Coulomb's law does not.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Circular Motion and Gravitation", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c7278bc174f77be42ff26dac6510d4cd" }, { "question": "A balanced lever has two weights on it, the first with mass $15 kg $ and the second with mass $24 kg$. If the first weight is $ 7 m$ from the fulcrum, how far is the second weight from the fulcrum?\n\nA. 6.25m\nB. 3.625m\nC. 5.125m\nD. 4.375m\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Work and Energy", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b31abcb623d0e68a481f4e821a2d3247" }, { "question": "Can energy be absorbed when matter changes?\n\nA. Energy absorption only occurs during phase transitions.\nB. Energy is only absorbed during exothermic changes.\nC. Yes, energy can be absorbed during endothermic changes.\nD. No, energy cannot be absorbed during matter changes.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Work and Energy", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2bf3bb575fe67d8a40977272000c42c3" }, { "question": "An object's two dimensional velocity is given by $v(t) = ( t^2 +2t , cospit - 3t )$. What is the object's rate and direction of acceleration at $t=7 $?\n\nA. 18.34 ms^-2, 187.5\u00b0\nB. 14.56 ms^-2, 152.3\u00b0\nC. 12.67 ms^-2, 146.8\u00b0\nD. 16.28 ms^-2, 169.4\u00b0\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "1D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f93f4aa29ec4077f1b3ddee5c1216c2b" }, { "question": "How do you measure fluid flow?\n\nA. Measure fluid flow using pressure drop across an orifice.\nB. Measure fluid flow using temperature change.\nC. Measure fluid flow using particle velocity.\nD. Measure fluid flow using fluid viscosity.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Fluid Mechanics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "80f47b7e73d766a4cf5cdefe8ae8294a" }, { "question": "Why is Newton's first law called inertia?\n\nA. Newton's first law, called inertia, means that a body will always accelerate when a force is applied.\nB. Newton's first law, also called inertia, states that a body remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force.\nC. Newton's first law, known as inertia, states that a body in motion will eventually come to rest without external forces.\nD. Inertia refers to the tendency of a body to resist changes in its state of rest, unrelated to Newton's first law.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Forces and Newton's Laws", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e57e23adba4b1a47883e466e8f51d73e" }, { "question": "You throw a football straight up into the air with a speed of 12.2 m/s. How high does the ball go?\n\nA. 6.7m\nB. 5.8m\nC. 9.4m\nD. 7.6m\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "1D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d65d62c0f546c0fd4f2a79f1831c66aa" }, { "question": "Since there is no temperature lower than absolute zero, is there any maximum temperature possible?\n\nA. Planck's temperature, approximately $1.42 * 10^32$ Kelvin\nB. $2.98 * 10^31$ Kelvin\nC. $6.28 * 10^25$ Kelvin\nD. $7.14 * 10^30$ Kelvin\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Heat", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c06d732ec5e8851ef974fbe67972d87f" }, { "question": "What type of energy does nuclear decay produce?\n\nA. Nuclear decay produces light and magnetic waves.\nB. Nuclear decay produces heat and sound.\nC. Nuclear decay produces chemical energy and radiation.\nD. Nuclear decay produces energy and gamma rays.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Subatomic Physics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "44a55e26362f93a8e20e3c6603ab4ab5" }, { "question": "If a current of $6 A$ passing through a circuit generates $12 W$ of power, what is the resistance of the circuit?\n\nA. 1/2 \u03a9\nB. 2/3 \u03a9\nC. 1/6 \u03a9\nD. 1/3 \u03a9\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electrical Energy and Current", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "329928ae545e0f2ff77568f7b299ffd9" }, { "question": "An object with a mass of $14$ $kg$ is acted on by two forces. The first is $F_1= < 5 N , 3 N>$ and the second is $F_2 = < 2 N, 7 N>$. What is the object's rate and direction of acceleration?\n\nA. 0.87 m/s\u00b2, 55\u00b0\nB. 0.75 m/s\u00b2, 60\u00b0\nC. 1.2 m/s\u00b2, 45\u00b0\nD. 0.95 m/s\u00b2, 50\u00b0\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Forces and Newton's Laws", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "71591f34a1562ad562966503e54edf6d" }, { "question": "When the plate area of a capacitor increases, what happens to the capacitance?\n\nA. Capacitance decreases with plate area.\nB. Capacitance is inversely proportional to plate area.\nC. Capacitance remains constant with plate area.\nD. Capacitance increases with plate area.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electrical Energy and Current", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "59991b01eeaa920d2205da46d4ef6604" }, { "question": "The force applied against a moving object travelling on a linear path is given by $F(x)= sinx + 2$. How much work would it take to move the object over $x in [ 0,pi/3] $?\n\nA. 1/2 - 2*pi/3\nB. 1/2 + pi/3\nC. 3/2 + 2*pi/3\nD. 1/2 + 2*pi/3\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Work and Energy", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9df5733db575da8c64cab51574062008" }, { "question": "Do humans have gravity fields that can warp Space-Time ?\n\nA. Humans have no impact on the gravitational field at all.\nB. Humans have a negligible effect on the gravitational field relative to Earth.\nC. Humans significantly warp the gravitational field on Earth.\nD. Human gravity fields only affect other humans.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electric Forces and Fields", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9e6af6f7580b94ff589a5e4fef00a79c" }, { "question": "How does particle physics explain fundamental forces?\n\nA. Particle physics explains fundamental forces through Higgs bosons, which give other particles mass and are responsible for the forces of electromagnetism, strong nuclear force, weak nuclear force, and gravity.\nB. Particle physics explains fundamental forces through leptons, which interact with other particles to create forces such as electromagnetism, strong nuclear force, weak nuclear force, and gravity.\nC. Particle physics explains fundamental forces through gauge bosons, which carry these interactions: photons for electromagnetism, gluons for strong nuclear force, and W and Z bosons for weak nuclear force. Gravitons, which carry gravity, remain undiscovered.\nD. Particle physics explains fundamental forces through quarks, which combine to form particles that carry the forces of electromagnetism, strong nuclear force, weak nuclear force, and gravity.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Subatomic Physics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2fc109bf44c2a07df91d8d43513cfa12" }, { "question": "How fast will an object with a mass of $16 kg$ accelerate if a force of $40 N$ is constantly applied to it?\n\nA. 4.0 m/s\nB. 3.5 m/s\nC. 2.5 m/s\nD. 1.5 m/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Forces and Newton's Laws", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "32ab15012e9ac9b59e53bec0d333ffd4" }, { "question": "A semi-truck traveling at an average speed of 70 miles per hour covers a distance of 35 miles. How long did it take?\n\nA. 0.5 hours\nB. 0.25 hours\nC. 1 hour\nD. 1.5 hours\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "1D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "324dce1f2f17071ddeba370ea39a9526" }, { "question": "How do you normalize $(- 7 i -j -25k)$?\n\nA. $\\frac{1}{15}(-7\\hat{i}-\\hat{j}-25\\hat{k})$\nB. $\\frac{1}{\\sqrt{3}}(-7\\hat{i}-\\hat{j}-25\\hat{k})$\nC. $\\frac{1}{15\\sqrt{3}}(-7\\hat{i}-\\hat{j}-25\\hat{k})$\nD. $\\frac{1}{15\\sqrt{3}}(7\\hat{i}+\\hat{j}+25\\hat{k})$\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e5f82b6a6745c77a8f08a41aece89b1e" }, { "question": "What would be the effect of dropping a penny onto someone's head from the top of the tallest building?\n\nA. Might hurt a bit, but no damage.\nB. No effect at all.\nC. Mild headache for a few days.\nD. Severe injury or death.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "1D Motion", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "20e5a90b3edde6b9a44014f921e7b1b4" }, { "question": "What torque would have to be applied to a rod with a length of $5 m$ and a mass of $2 kg$ to change its horizontal spin by a frequency of $2 Hz$ over $6 s$?\n\nA. 6.81 Nm, 39.52 Nm\nB. 12.45 Nm, 28.67 Nm\nC. 8.73 Nm, 34.91 Nm\nD. 10.29 Nm, 31.85 Nm\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Rotational Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e40ac614d7e78def23aa2e1598c51c58" }, { "question": "Find the average velocity of a car which travels 360 km in 6 hours, show in m/s and km/h\n\n?\n\nA. 50 km/h, 13.9 m/s\nB. 60 km/h, 16.7 m/s\nC. 70 km/h, 19.4 m/s\nD. 80 km/h, 22.2 m/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "1D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1a5dc94d5f52a5db3e7bb3eec220c3c9" }, { "question": "If an object with a mass of $5 kg $ changes speed from $5m/s$ to $10 m/s$, by how much does its kinetic energy change?\n\nA. 375 J\nB. 425 J\nC. 125 J\nD. 250 J\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Work and Energy", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b03e5ecca6ad034f2f8d6d0708b23c1f" }, { "question": "What are convex mirrors used for?\n\nA. Convex mirrors are used for projection screens, binoculars, periscopes, and virtual reality headsets.\nB. Convex mirrors are used for focusing sunlight, eyeglasses, camera lenses, and microscope objectives.\nC. Convex mirrors are used for security cameras, solar panels, optical fibers, and laser technology.\nD. Convex mirrors are used for collision avoidance, telescopes, magnifying glasses, rear view mirrors, dome mirrors, and street light reflectors.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Light and Reflection", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ede29aa857b6b888b7704c374fea6874" }, { "question": "What is magnetic force measured in?\n\nA. Tesla (T)\nB. Gauss (G)\nC. Newtons (N)\nD. Newtons/Coulomb (N/C)\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Magnetism", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1243fb4992cdeb499a9a685b8fe20550" }, { "question": "How fast will an object with a mass of $8 kg$ accelerate if a force of $29 N$ is constantly applied to it?\n\nA. 2.875 m/s\u00b2\nB. 5.25 m/s\u00b2\nC. 3.625 m/s\u00b2\nD. 4.125 m/s\u00b2\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Forces and Newton's Laws", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b266f8452c9de36c0f67190140d91163" }, { "question": "An object is at rest at $(4 ,5 ,1 )$ and constantly accelerates at a rate of $5/3 m/s^2$ as it moves to point B. If point B is at $(7 ,5 ,6 )$, how long will it take for the object to reach point B? Assume that all coordinates are in meters.\n\nA. 2.10s\nB. 3.42s\nC. 1.98s\nD. 2.65s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "1D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7ce0d4ef192340c728a58ea48877e640" }, { "question": "What is the force, in terms of Coulomb's constant, between two electrical charges of $-225 C$ and $-15 C$ that are $15 m $ apart?\n\nA. -15k N\nB. -225k N\nC. 15k N\nD. 225k N\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electrical Energy and Current", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a4a7bc81ab8550b83fde980ee46ca88d" }, { "question": "An object with a mass of $3 kg$ is revolving around a point at a distance of $4 m$. If the object is making revolutions at a frequency of $7 Hz$, what is the centripetal force acting on the object?\n\nA. 23213.3 N\nB. 34819.9 N\nC. 46426.6 N\nD. 11606.7 N\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Circular Motion and Gravitation", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7384091c628310b7ec65123e4a77c029" }, { "question": "How do electromagnetic waves transfer energy?\n\nA. Electromagnetic waves transfer energy through sound waves.\nB. Electromagnetic waves transfer energy by direct contact between particles.\nC. Electromagnetic waves transfer energy through the release of heat.\nD. Electromagnetic waves transfer energy through oscillating electric and magnetic fields.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electromagnetic Induction", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "de31d698f078cc24923ef78ad95c7069" }, { "question": "What is a constructive interference?\n\nA. Waves reflecting off a surface.\nB. Waves canceling each other out.\nC. Waves changing frequency.\nD. Waves combining to form a larger wave.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Interference and Diffraction", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "724d00a36b339a7f842214214f4228aa" }, { "question": "What is thermodynamics?\n\nA. Examination of atomic structure and chemical reactions\nB. Analysis of forces, motion, and gravity\nC. Study of heat, energy, and work in specific conditions\nD. Study of sound, light, and electricity\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Thermodynamics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5cffffb9a1dd130b6b54f0e34c7e2e4c" }, { "question": "What is the projection of $ (-4i + 3k)$ onto $(-2i -j + 2k)$?\n\nA. <-28/9, -14/9, 28/9>\nB. <28/9, -14/9, -28/9>\nC. <-14/9, -28/9, 28/9>\nD. <-28/9, 14/9, -28/9>\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b6aea3d23d9c8f1237dbdd622889c308" }, { "question": "Does capacitance change with frequency?\n\nA. Capacitance doesn't change with frequency, but capacitive reactance does.\nB. Capacitance increases with frequency.\nC. Capacitance decreases with frequency.\nD. Capacitance and frequency are unrelated.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electrical Energy and Current", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8758a3e92a86600a5b2a82abe28aba9e" }, { "question": "How much work does it take to raise a $33 kg $ weight $89 m $?\n\nA. 41,673.9 J\nB. 27,782.6 J\nC. 55,565.2 J\nD. 13,891.3 J\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Work and Energy", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "01865125b1cb87d7b292d389ab214cb2" }, { "question": "A container with a volume of $7 L$ contains a gas with a temperature of $420^o K$. If the temperature of the gas changes to $360 ^o K$ without any change in pressure, what must the container's new volume be?\n\nA. 8 L\nB. 6 L\nC. 5 L\nD. 7 L\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Fluid Mechanics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b2021aef21e310eb2d59c085e329a98b" }, { "question": "What is the length of an aluminum rod at 65\u00b0C if its length at 15\u00b0C is 1.2 meters?\n\nA. 1.20144 m\nB. 1.20288 m\nC. 1.20032 m\nD. 1.19856 m\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Heat", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6e4d7a4486a6ca071e01632b669820f7" }, { "question": "Is the series equivalent resistor larger than either resistor, or is it smaller?\n\nA. Equal to one resistor\nB. Larger than both resistors\nC. Smaller than both resistors\nD. Equal to the average of both resistors\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Circuits", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5886208f795f348c59d5c9206760e075" }, { "question": "How should all vector diagrams be drawn?\n\nA. Draw vector diagrams using only a compass and straightedge.\nB. Draw vector diagrams to scale with a ruler and protractor.\nC. Sketch vector diagrams freehand without measurements.\nD. Create vector diagrams digitally with computer software.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b479b0b5070138d4d4ec123b4c081d78" }, { "question": "How much power is needed to accelerate an object with a mass of $4 kg$ and a velocity of $8 m/s$ at a rate of $6 m/s^2$?\n\nA. 384W\nB. 96W\nC. 192W\nD. 48W\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Work and Energy", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "55bd7b90c8164f82557336eec3a3952f" }, { "question": "Why is the electric charge on a solid object always explained in terms of an excess or deflcit of electrons?\n\nA. Photons are responsible for electric charge, as they move easily and don't change fundamental properties.\nB. Protons are responsible for electric charge, as they move easily and don't change fundamental properties.\nC. Electrons are the particles responsible for electric charge, as they move easily and don't change fundamental properties.\nD. Neutrons are responsible for electric charge, as they move easily and don't change fundamental properties.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electric Forces and Fields", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a757e7dcdf130abb983500b138955d9f" }, { "question": "Which color in the rainbow has the shortest wavelength?\n\nA. Green\nB. Blue\nC. Violet\nD. Red\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Light and Reflection", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2f428227be8700a2ec57366383bf37a0" }, { "question": "A charge of $35 C$ passes through a circuit every $5 s$. If the circuit can generate $42 W$ of power, what is the circuit's resistance?\n\nA. 1.714 \u03a9\nB. 0.857 \u03a9\nC. 1.285 \u03a9\nD. 0.429 \u03a9\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electrical Energy and Current", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5fac07e30f2d39a03f1bd52869064b7a" }, { "question": "How are Stefan's law and Newton's law of cooling related?\n\nA. $Q \\propto (T^2-T'^2)$\nB. $Q \\propto (T^3-T'^3)$\nC. $Q \\propto (T+T')$\nD. $Q \\propto (T-T')$\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Thermodynamics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c93ce2e7660f3343feedfdfc967ad7e3" }, { "question": "What torque would have to be applied to a rod with a length of $8 m$ and a mass of $6 kg$ to change its horizontal spin by a frequency $7 Hz$ over $3 s$?\n\nA. 402.8 Nm\nB. 536.2 Nm\nC. 588.3 Nm\nD. 469.1 Nm\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Rotational Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "497c07fcea8236fca533765cf44db4fc" }, { "question": "Which has more momentum, a $2kg$ object moving at $9m/s$ or a $1kg$ object moving at $7m/s$?\n\nA. 2kg object at 9m/s\nB. 2kg object at 7m/s\nC. 1kg object at 9m/s\nD. 1kg object at 7m/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Momentum and Collisions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5307fe48c6c4b10c7a033df868f3cb51" }, { "question": "If a $2 kg$ object is constantly accelerated from $0m/s$ to $16 m/s$ over 6 s, how much power musy be applied at $t=1 $?\n\nA. 16/3 N\nB. 8/3 N\nC. 32/3 N\nD. 4 N\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Work and Energy", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4151e881f81dab8478c9d394839b75bb" }, { "question": "Which has more momentum, a $7kg$ object moving at $4m/s$ or a $6kg$ object moving at $7m/s$?\n\nA. 6kg object at 7m/s\nB. 6kg object at 4m/s\nC. 7kg object at 4m/s\nD. 7kg object at 7m/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Momentum and Collisions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8cba7acf0dac0c9ff3333c9f8776dc51" }, { "question": "If a concave and convex lens of equal focus are kept in contact what is the effective focal length?\n\nA. Infinite focal length (equivalent to plane glass)\nB. Zero focal length\nC. Equal to the original focal length\nD. Half of the original focal length\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Refraction", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "802def8cd46f1291eea58116f2896ab5" }, { "question": "What is the cross product of $(2i -3j + 4k)$ and $(- 5 i + 4 j - 5 k)$?\n\nA. -1i + 10j - 7k\nB. -1i - 10j + 7k\nC. 1i + 10j + 7k\nD. -1i - 10j - 7k\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "637eed410ba48ab389398221c660fd6a" }, { "question": "A man stands on a crane and throws a water balloon down at at 21 m/s. He finds that it takes 2.4s for the balloon to hit the ground. What is its height one second before it hits the ground?\n\nA. 28.745 m\nB. 45.321 m\nC. 52.987 m\nD. 39.633 m\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "1D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7b925f654cdd5e68f360a80b96e11c0f" }, { "question": "How fast will an object with a mass of $15 kg$ accelerate if a force of $10 N$ is constantly applied to it?\n\nA. 0.67 m/s\u00b2\nB. 0.33 m/s\u00b2\nC. 1.34 m/s\u00b2\nD. 1.00 m/s\u00b2\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Forces and Newton's Laws", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3a2172387a542f02506f1333c40ef561" }, { "question": "An object is at rest at $(4 ,7 ,3 )$ and constantly accelerates at a rate of $7/5 m/s^2$ as it moves to point B. If point B is at $(5 ,6 ,9 )$, how long will it take for the object to reach point B? Assume that all coordinates are in meters.\n\nA. 3.0s\nB. 3.5s\nC. 2.5s\nD. 4.0s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "1D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4849f2e2a874e03f595327de0b693ca7" }, { "question": "A charge of $9 C$ is passing through points A and B on a circuit. If the charge's electric potential changes from $9 J$ to $3 J$, what is the voltage between points A and B?\n\nA. -2/3 V\nB. -1/3 V\nC. -1 V\nD. 1/3 V\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electrical Energy and Current", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "11218475f48614e190bc474b7e09d66c" }, { "question": "A cylinder has inner and outer radii of $8 cm$ and $12 cm$, respectively, and a mass of $8 kg$. If the cylinder's frequency of rotation about its center changes from $7 Hz$ to $3 Hz$, by how much does its angular momentum change?\n\nA. 1.56 kgm\u00b2s\u207b\u00b9\nB. 2.84 kgm\u00b2s\u207b\u00b9\nC. 2.09 kgm\u00b2s\u207b\u00b9\nD. 3.12 kgm\u00b2s\u207b\u00b9\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Rotational Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "23fdac8d3133d66dfa5ecf83d3bb023d" }, { "question": "Why is electric force represented as a vector?\n\nA. Electric force is a vector due to its relation to electric field.\nB. Electric force is a vector because it involves distance.\nC. Electric force is a scalar quantity with only magnitude.\nD. Electric force has magnitude and direction, making it a vector quantity.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electric Forces and Fields", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1c5e28aacbff30f78a4184b1752418a8" }, { "question": "Does the sum of the external torques on the rigid object have to equal zero in static equilibrium?\n\nA. In static equilibrium, the sum of external torques depends on the object's mass.\nB. In static equilibrium, only the sum of external forces must be zero.\nC. Yes, in static equilibrium, the sum of external torques must be zero.\nD. No, in static equilibrium, the sum of external torques can be non-zero.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Rotational Motion", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "91e4cb9b301d931cf6f6db51bc703067" }, { "question": "How do vectors work in physics?\n\nA. Vectors are lines that indicate the speed of a moving object.\nB. Vectors represent magnitude and direction, often used for displacement, velocity, or force calculations.\nC. Vectors show only direction, used to describe an object's path.\nD. Vectors represent magnitude only, applied in calculating distances.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1da0667c34e7802c75076db29b1f8bad" }, { "question": "An electric toy car with a mass of $3 kg$ is powered by a motor with a voltage of $7 V$ and a current supply of $8 A$. How long will it take for the toy car to accelerate from rest to $8/3 m/s$?\n\nA. 0.190 s\nB. 0.380 s\nC. 0.095 s\nD. 0.285 s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electrical Energy and Current", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e78837054d181eb23975d26628996cf9" }, { "question": "What happens when a substance floats on top of water?\n\nA. A substance floats on water due to chemical reactions, having a larger density than water, or being repelled by water molecules.\nB. A substance floats on water due to surface tension, having a smaller density than water, or having a resulting density smaller than water.\nC. A substance floats on water due to magnetic forces, having a similar density to water, or being attracted to the surface.\nD. A substance floats on water due to evaporation, having a variable density, or forming a protective barrier around itself.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Fluid Mechanics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "381e50964a6b98e0ee13483be0782d4b" }, { "question": "What is the projection of $ (4 i + 4 j + 2 k)$ onto $(i + j -7k)$?\n\nA. <-3/17, -1/17, 10/17>\nB. <0, -4/17, 16/17>\nC. <-2/17, -2/17, 14/17>\nD. <-1/17, -3/17, 12/17>\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a049ac765d14e55fd32254c36723fbaa" }, { "question": "A pulley system with 75% efficiency is set up to lift a 21kg bag of nails. The bag is lifted to a height of 2.3m by a person pulling on the rope with a force of 91.5N. What is the work done on the bag of nails by the pulley?\n\nA. 710.3 J\nB. 450.2 J\nC. 982.5 J\nD. 656.1 J\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Work and Energy", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ce4fb0832ceb87f74db1d607d77c6bfb" }, { "question": "What torque would have to be applied to a rod with a length of $1 m$ and a mass of $2 kg$ to change its horizontal spin by a frequency of $3 Hz$ over $4 s$?\n\nA. 1.57 Nm\nB. 4.71 Nm\nC. 2.36 Nm\nD. 0.785 Nm, 3.14 Nm\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Rotational Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7da8954388b7fa0f4d7492176143054e" }, { "question": "What is the cross product of $<-3,0,1>$ and $<0,8,5>$?\n\nA. <24, -15, 8>\nB. <-8, 15, -24>\nC. <-24, 15, -8>\nD. <8, -15, 24>\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c56fdd35afe65f9d486b839958a56b21" }, { "question": "A ball with a mass of $4 kg$ moving at $6 m/s$ hits a still ball with a mass of $8 kg$. If the first ball stops moving, how fast is the second ball moving?\n\nA. 2 m/s\nB. 3 m/s\nC. 4 m/s\nD. 6 m/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Momentum and Collisions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d52b62bf35258edb231e749d80529eb2" }, { "question": "Can gravity do work on an object?\n\nA. Gravity can only do work on specific objects.\nB. Gravity does not affect objects in motion.\nC. No, gravity cannot do work on an object.\nD. Yes, gravity can do work on an object.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Circular Motion and Gravitation", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d90afb650b62a5f3e824ee1e2e4b5b32" }, { "question": "How do lines of magnetic force travel?\n\nA. From North pole to South pole\nB. From South pole to North pole\nC. In random directions\nD. In circular paths around the poles\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Magnetism", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2563bbb3c511f1ea89dd12e60f7be289" }, { "question": "An object with a mass of $3 kg$ is acted on by two forces. The first is $F_1= < -2 N , -3 N>$ and the second is $F_2 = < -1 N, 1 N>$. What is the object's rate and direction of acceleration?\n\nA. <-1, -2/3> m/s\u00b2, 213.7\u00b0\nB. <1, 2/3> m/s\u00b2, 180\u00b0\nC. <1, -2/3> m/s\u00b2, 33.7\u00b0\nD. <-1, 2/3> m/s\u00b2, 146.3\u00b0\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Forces and Newton's Laws", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5d0f5f1fc2f4acde488bbebbb301f5a9" }, { "question": "What is the moment of inertia of a pendulum with a mass of $4 kg$ that is $2 m$ from the pivot?\n\nA. 16 kgm^2\nB. 8 kgm^2\nC. 4 kgm^2\nD. 32 kgm^2\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Rotational Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "f13ab828dc877b2c847244374b176a0e" }, { "question": "A star with the same color as the Sun is found to produces a luminosity 81 times larger. What is its radius compared to the Sun?\n\nA. 12 times the Sun's radius\nB. 9 times the Sun's radius\nC. 6 times the Sun's radius\nD. 3 times the Sun's radius\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Thermodynamics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d4ad069c068cbcd7e0770a600e6baec4" }, { "question": "A ball with a mass of $3 kg $ and velocity of $5 m/s$ collides with a second ball with a mass of $7 kg$ and velocity of $- 2 m/s$. If $25%$ of the kinetic energy is lost, what are the final velocities of the balls?\n\nA. v1 = -2.28 m/s or 3.78 m/s, v2 = 0.83 m/s or -1.33 m/s\nB. v1 = -2.78 m/s or 2.28 m/s, v2 = 1.33 m/s or -0.83 m/s\nC. v1 = -1.78 m/s or 3.28 m/s, v2 = 0.33 m/s or -1.83 m/s\nD. v1 = -3.28 m/s or 1.78 m/s, v2 = 2.33 m/s or -0.33 m/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Momentum and Collisions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6a64c3d85bea5ccac6a86385119a1c25" }, { "question": "What types of systems/objects exhibit simple harmonic motion?\n\nA. Capacitor with inductor, mass with spring, buoyant force\nB. Electric force, pressure, rotational motion\nC. Gravitational force, air resistance, tension\nD. Pulley system, frictional force, magnetic force\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Waves and Vibrations", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ff73db07e12db6bd3298d7055db5425a" }, { "question": "A 12 gram piece of aluminum (cp = .215 cal/g\u00b0C) at 70\u00b0C is placed in a beaker that contains 35 grams of water at 15\u00b0C. At what temperature will they come to thermal equilibrium?\n\nA. 16.3\u00b0C\nB. 18.8\u00b0C\nC. 22.1\u00b0C\nD. 20.5\u00b0C\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Heat", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "fb101dbddcba3564b15e714c01278f98" }, { "question": "What are actuators and transducers?\n\nA. Actuators operate valves, while transducers convert energy types.\nB. Actuators convert energy types, while transducers operate valves.\nC. Actuators and transducers both convert energy and control valves.\nD. Transducers control valves, while actuators transform energy forms.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electromagnetic Induction", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "d724fc052667de618d379810a4841f2d" }, { "question": "Mike is playing his speaker at an unknown frequency. His friend, Emma, gets on her bike and rides away from Mike at a uniform speed, holding an open-air column horizontally over her head. What was the frequency of the sound coming from Mike's speaker?\n\nA. 1124.33Hz\nB. 1119.33Hz, 1109.33Hz\nC. 1130.33Hz\nD. 1104.33Hz\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Sound", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "2093c8d517f2cbafdc102d3fc64450b6" }, { "question": "How much work would it take to push a $ 5 kg $ weight up a $ 4 m $ plane that is at an incline of $ pi / 4 $?\n\nA. 196.8 J\nB. 72.4 J\nC. 110.2 J\nD. 138.6 J\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Work and Energy", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4a595a3db2acb18c62672eb6fb7cbece" }, { "question": "A balanced lever has two weights on it, the first with mass $7 kg $ and the second with mass $4 kg$. If the first weight is $ 3 m$ from the fulcrum, how far is the second weight from the fulcrum?\n\nA. 6 m\nB. 4.5 m\nC. 5.25 m\nD. 3.75 m\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Work and Energy", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "91fb12af5d407df0d6aa8453ea3c1749" }, { "question": "Why is it that alternating current cannot be stored?\n\nA. AC can be stored directly in batteries without conversion.\nB. AC can't be stored because it's too dangerous to handle.\nC. AC storage is impossible due to its continuous oscillation.\nD. AC can't be stored directly, but can be converted to DC for storage using devices like batteries and capacitors.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electromagnetic Induction", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1511518a79d01ab7db6584310a3a0bc7" }, { "question": "How does force differ from impulse?\n\nA. Force is the change in momentum, while impulse is the cause of that change.\nB. Impulse is the change in velocity, while force is the cause of that change.\nC. Force is the change in velocity, while impulse is the cause of that change.\nD. Impulse is the change in momentum, while force is the cause of that change.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Forces and Newton's Laws", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "15b0d0e5a16ba5dcaefdb92888663556" }, { "question": "How do you normalize $ (- 4 i - 5 j + 2k)$?\n\nA. $\\frac{1}{3\\sqrt{5}}(4i - 5j + 2k)$\nB. $\\frac{1}{3\\sqrt{5}}(-4i - 5j - 2k)$\nC. $\\frac{1}{3\\sqrt{5}}(-4i + 5j + 2k)$\nD. $\\frac{1}{3\\sqrt{5}}(-4i - 5j + 2k)$\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "000dbfaa185284f2e22b746f6714e2aa" }, { "question": "A ball with a mass of $7 kg$ moving at $3 m/s$ hits a still ball with a mass of $18 kg$. If the first ball stops moving, how fast is the second ball moving?\n\nA. 2.34 m/s\nB. 0.58 m/s\nC. 1.17 m/s\nD. 0.89 m/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Momentum and Collisions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b3db09717d1adffb7b6f914a5b0038a0" }, { "question": "If the length of a $42 cm$ spring increases to $87 cm$ when a $1 kg$ weight is hanging from it, what is the spring's constant?\n\nA. 15.334 N/m\nB. 21.778 N/m\nC. 34.216 N/m\nD. 27.492 N/m\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Forces and Newton's Laws", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "55f091cc6cccf77097758df95562ecc2" }, { "question": "What is the cross product of $(-300i + 200j - 150k)$ and $(i + j -7k)$?\n\nA. -1250i - 2200j - 550k\nB. -1250i - 2250j - 500k\nC. -1350i - 2150j - 600k\nD. -1200i - 2300j - 450k\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "da722112ef13541d40449933f8f8d780" }, { "question": "What is quantum physics?\n\nA. Quantum physics is a branch of physics that explains the properties and behaviors of particles at the atomic and subatomic level, using quantized energy levels and probabilities.\nB. Quantum physics is the science of heat transfer, thermodynamics, and the behavior of particles in various temperature conditions.\nC. Quantum physics is the study of gravity and its effects on celestial bodies in the universe.\nD. Quantum physics is the field that focuses on the laws of motion and the forces acting on objects at macroscopic scales.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Atomic Physics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "22f74c4dbb4a7b50bb7ec5682985b0e2" }, { "question": "An object with a mass of $4 kg$ is acted on by two forces. The first is $F_1= < 8 N , -6 N>$ and the second is $F_2 = < 2 N, 7 N>$. What is the object's rate and direction of acceleration?\n\nA. 2.5 m/s\u00b2, 10.3\u00b0\nB. 3.1 m/s\u00b2, 4.2\u00b0\nC. 2.5 m/s\u00b2, 5.7\u00b0\nD. 1.9 m/s\u00b2, 5.7\u00b0\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Forces and Newton's Laws", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "42dc6d6e8bc6e75f1ae2fb7c93473c04" }, { "question": "A solid disk, spinning counter-clockwise, has a mass of $9 kg$ and a radius of $4 m$. If a point on the edge of the disk is moving at $15 m/s$ in the direction perpendicular to the disk's radius, what is the disk's angular momentum and velocity?\n\nA. 30.2 rad/s, 2184.6 kgm\u00b2/s\nB. 23.6 rad/s, 1696.5 kgm\u00b2/s\nC. 18.4 rad/s, 1392.3 kgm\u00b2/s\nD. 25.8 rad/s, 1903.7 kgm\u00b2/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Rotational Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b205fdc316030520626f173560ccc6a2" }, { "question": "How does electromagnetic force relate to the creation of electricity?\n\nA. Electromagnetic force is unrelated to electricity.\nB. Electricity is generated by chemical reactions.\nC. Electricity is created by static charges.\nD. Moving magnets through wires induces electricity.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Magnetism", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a73c2a467d64202fff41c7b2ffd8a79d" }, { "question": "An object with a mass of $6 kg$ is moving at $27 m/s$ over a surface with a kinetic friction coefficient of $6 $. How much power will it take to accelerate the object at $8 m/s^2?\n\nA. 9563.2 W\nB. 10234.7 W\nC. 12048.4 W\nD. 10821.6 W\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Work and Energy", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "03dee4fd7e5ccdfa26724a954f29ec9b" }, { "question": "The gas inside of a container exerts $84 Pa$ of pressure and is at a temperature of $420 ^o K$. If the pressure in the container changes to $64 Pa$ with no change in the container's volume, what is the new temperature of the gas?\n\nA. 400 K\nB. 320 K\nC. 480 K\nD. 240 K\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Fluid Mechanics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "002afedbbdd9a7276c1be83a6d5eff73" }, { "question": "What sound waves can humans hear?\n\nA. Humans can hear sounds in the range of 20-20,000 Hz.\nB. Humans can hear sounds in the range of 10-10,000 Hz.\nC. Humans can hear sounds in the range of 30-30,000 Hz.\nD. Humans can hear sounds in the range of 5-50,000 Hz.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Sound", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "00aca24d71425154d81c8fcaaf2d793e" }, { "question": "A projectile is shot from the ground at a velocity of $24 m/s$ and at an angle of $(2pi)/3$. How long will it take for the projectile to land?\n\nA. 3.89 s\nB. 4.67 s\nC. 5.12 s\nD. 4.24 s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "1D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "95120496bf0fd463d07951a2af4949e9" }, { "question": "A ball with a mass of $2 kg$ is rolling at $4 m/s$ and elastically collides with a resting ball with a mass of $4 kg$. What are the post-collision velocities of the balls?\n\nA. -2.67 m/s, 1.33 m/s\nB. 3.33 m/s, 1.67 m/s\nC. 1.33 m/s, -2.67 m/s\nD. -1.33 m/s, 2.67 m/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Momentum and Collisions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9370f69f2054745d42ec999f25ecbba3" }, { "question": "A model train, with a mass of $4 kg$, is moving on a circular track with a radius of $2 m$. If the train's kinetic energy changes from $4 j$ to $15 j$, by how much will the centripetal force applied by the tracks change by?\n\nA. 13 N\nB. 15 N\nC. 11 N\nD. 9 N\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Circular Motion and Gravitation", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "88b4d29fa084b1b37072f14156da5117" }, { "question": "How do you normalize $ (4 i + 4 j + 2 k)$?\n\nA. 1/2i + 1/2j + 1/4k\nB. 2/3i + 2/3j + 1/3k\nC. 1/3i + 1/3j + 2/3k\nD. 2/3i + 1/3j + 2/3k\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a4f02777034c67d76d7d9111d3d9ed80" }, { "question": "What nuclear reaction is classified as alpha decay?\n\nA. Alpha decay: mass number increases by 4, atomic number increases by 2, emits Helium-4 nucleus.\nB. Beta decay: mass number decreases by 4, atomic number decreases by 2, emits Helium-4 nucleus.\nC. Gamma decay: mass number decreases by 4, atomic number decreases by 2, emits Helium-4 nucleus.\nD. Alpha decay: mass number decreases by 4, atomic number decreases by 2, emits Helium-4 nucleus.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Subatomic Physics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0f87fd8e8c1215a6f0511be7baae650a" }, { "question": "Some very hot rocks have a temperature of $280 ^o C$ and a specific heat of $40 J/(Kg*K)$. The rocks are bathed in $30 L$ of boiling water. If the heat of the rocks completely vaporizes the water, what is the minimum combined mass of the rocks?\n\nA. 12732.5 kg\nB. 15000 kg\nC. 9404.2 kg\nD. 4508.1 kg\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Heat", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "a532986afe472f24d22f0e89b005d36d" }, { "question": "How can convection help to cool your body?\n\nA. Convection warms your body by circulating heated air or water around it.\nB. Convection cools your body by increasing the temperature of the surrounding air or water.\nC. Convection helps maintain your body temperature by evenly distributing heat throughout the air or water.\nD. Convection cools your body by removing the heated layer of air or water surrounding it, forcing your body to heat up a new layer.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Heat", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6a66a412778145e07faac8302d6da7d8" }, { "question": "In the given radioactive decay if the mass number and atomic number of D2 are 176 and 71 respectively.What is the mass number and atomic number of D?\nD----->D1------->D2\n Bita alpha particle\n\nA. Mass number: 180, Atomic number: 74\nB. Mass number: 176, Atomic number: 71\nC. Mass number: 184, Atomic number: 70\nD. Mass number: 180, Atomic number: 72\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Subatomic Physics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "bba89f3ec5e3225b0996a589460ac700" }, { "question": "How much power is produced if a voltage of $2 V$ is applied to a circuit with a resistance of $44 Omega$?\n\nA. 0.18 watts\nB. 0.036 watts\nC. 0.045 watts\nD. 0.09 watts\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electrical Energy and Current", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1947de8784060e7907a7600d6fa98d22" }, { "question": "A ball with a mass of $5 kg $ and velocity of $6 m/s$ collides with a second ball with a mass of $3 kg$ and velocity of $- 7 m/s$. If $40%$ of the kinetic energy is lost, what are the final velocities of the balls?\n\nA. v1: -3.16 m/s or 0.91 m/s; v2: 8.27 m/s or -1.48 m/s\nB. v1: -2.47 m/s or 1.33 m/s; v2: 7.42 m/s or -0.53 m/s\nC. v1: -2.85 m/s or 1.12 m/s; v2: 7.95 m/s or -0.76 m/s\nD. v1: -3.52 m/s or 0.67 m/s; v2: 8.66 m/s or -1.89 m/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Momentum and Collisions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "92c3c519c74512c323d366bfcdef5f81" }, { "question": "Which has more momentum, an object with a mass of $9kg$ moving at $8m/s$ or an object with a mass of $6kg$ moving at $14m/s$?\n\nA. Second object (6kg, 14m/s)\nB. Momentum cannot be compared\nC. First object (9kg, 8m/s)\nD. Both have equal momentum\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Momentum and Collisions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "abca0edaa4b679d8de62c4b3045981bc" }, { "question": "A $6 L$ container holds $5 $ mol and $6 $ mol of gasses A and B, respectively. Groups of three of molecules of gas B bind to two molecules of gas A and the reaction changes the temperature from $480^oK$ to $270^oK$. How much does the pressure change?\n\nA. Pressure change: 4987500 N/m^2\nB. Pressure change: 7202100 N/m^2\nC. Pressure change: 6190950 N/m^2\nD. Pressure change: 3754300 N/m^2\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Thermodynamics", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "679884d5560d34f38634bc6d23c9a4d7" }, { "question": "How does force affect friction?\n\nA. Force affects friction by reducing contact between surfaces.\nB. Force affects friction by pushing two sliding surfaces together.\nC. Force affects friction by changing the surface area of contact.\nD. Force affects friction by increasing the speed of motion.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Forces and Newton's Laws", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0afe382f5912df399b5584cf28176b01" }, { "question": "A 300g ball at rest is struck with a bat with a force of 150N. If the bat was in contact with the ball, for 0.02 seconds, what is the ball's velocity?\n\nA. 5 m/s\nB. 20 m/s\nC. 10 m/s\nD. 15 m/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Forces and Newton's Laws", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3ccb9b23c7052eaf4cf95658f569c6fe" }, { "question": "An arrow is shot at a target 20 m away. The arrow is shot with a horizontal velocity of 60 m/s. How long is the arrow in the air for, and how far does the arrow drop as it approaches the target?\n\nA. 0.28s, 0.48m\nB. 0.45s, 0.65m\nC. 0.33s, 0.53m\nD. 0.37s, 0.59m\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1b3d8d31fff129d0813815710db06ac1" }, { "question": "A ball with a mass of $3 kg$ moving at $1 m/s$ hits a still ball with a mass of $7 kg$. If the first ball stops moving, how fast is the second ball moving?\n\nA. 3/7 m/s\nB. 7/3 m/s\nC. 1/3 m/s\nD. 4/7 m/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Momentum and Collisions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ab3d95905f3c8952267287aa52928f97" }, { "question": "A tourist calculated that if he walks to the railroad station with a speed of 4 mph, he\u2019ll miss the train by half an hour, but if he walks with a speed of 5 mph, he\u2019ll reach the station 6 minutes before the departure of the train ?\n\nA. Train station is 10 miles away\nB. Train station is 12 miles away\nC. Train station is 16 miles away\nD. Train station is 14 miles away\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "1D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "223d4eb71ab10937f9cc9a483a7ab143" }, { "question": "An object is at rest at $(8 ,6 ,9 )$ and constantly accelerates at a rate of $1 m/s$ as it moves to point B. If point B is at $(6 ,4 ,3 )$, how long will it take for the object to reach point B? Assume that all coordinates are in meters.\n\nA. 5.12s\nB. 3.64s\nC. 2.89s\nD. 4.53s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "1D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "1c9cceaf5dbc1d1d469b4b2354dfaac5" }, { "question": "How do speed and velocity differ from each other?\n\nA. Speed has magnitude and direction; velocity has magnitude only.\nB. Both speed and velocity have magnitude and direction.\nC. Speed has direction only; velocity has magnitude and direction.\nD. Speed has magnitude only; velocity has magnitude and direction.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "1D Motion", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7c9930328f07c8b252e1c593f57f1b01" }, { "question": "Astudent hears a police siren. What would change the frequency that the student hears?\n\nA. The student's distance from the siren alters the frequency.\nB. The frequency changes due to the loudness of the siren.\nC. The frequency changes due to interference with other sounds.\nD. Doppler effect changes the frequency due to difference in velocities of source and detector.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Sound", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9e64055834bd5c5485919274ebd52d25" }, { "question": "A charge of $12 C$ passes through a circuit every $3 s$. If the circuit can generate $6 W$ of power, what is the circuit's resistance?\n\nA. 0.375\u03a9\nB. 0.75\u03a9\nC. 0.1875\u03a9\nD. 1.5\u03a9\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electrical Energy and Current", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7378b8de0348ec3dc9c9fafe9fc75f30" }, { "question": "A charge of $8 C$ is passing through points A and B on a circuit. If the charge's electric potential changes from $32 J$ to $4 J$, what is the voltage between points A and B?\n\nA. 3.5 V\nB. 2.5 V\nC. 4.5 V\nD. 5.5 V\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electrical Energy and Current", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7c1b8166670eb50079805320e7ff4524" }, { "question": "A charge of $16 C$ is passing through points A and B on a circuit. If the charge's electric potential changes from $32 J$ to $4 J$, what is the voltage between points A and B?\n\nA. 1.75V\nB. 2.25V\nC. 1.25V\nD. 3.5V\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electrical Energy and Current", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5ded071f9b1b1d0dce2a81e481be6718" }, { "question": "Is there any particle that have no mass?\n\nA. Electron\nB. Neutron\nC. Photon\nD. Proton\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Subatomic Physics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "be3f44b81a815eed5299d14512f36552" }, { "question": "What torque would have to be applied to a rod with a length of $4 m$ and a mass of $4 kg$ to change its horizontal spin by a frequency $7 Hz$ over $1 s$?\n\nA. 187.2 Nm\nB. 351.8 Nm\nC. 234.6 Nm\nD. 292.4 Nm\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Rotational Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "4eec55606c615e651e2d560ff3b7f47e" }, { "question": "The gas is enclosed in a metal container with movable piston on top . heat is added to the system from bottom by placing a candle at the bottom which of the following is true ?\n\nA. Temperature must decrease if the piston remains stationary.\nB. Temperature remains constant if the piston remains stationary.\nC. Pressure must decrease if the piston remains stationary.\nD. Temperature must increase if the piston remains stationary.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Heat", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "cbdda8ea8ff9a7cec1ff66603a5eb32d" }, { "question": "If a projectile is shot at an angle of $(2pi)/3$ and at a velocity of $6 m/s$, when will it reach its maximum height?\n\nA. 1.06 s\nB. 0.79 s\nC. 0.26 s\nD. 0.53 s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "1D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "993322dc729aebab3b5ed74dc55d65cf" }, { "question": "What happens to pressure if it is concentrated into a small area?\n\nA. Pressure decreases when force is concentrated into a smaller area.\nB. Pressure becomes unpredictable when force is concentrated into a smaller area.\nC. Pressure remains constant when force is concentrated into a smaller area.\nD. Pressure increases when force is concentrated into a smaller area.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Fluid Mechanics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "98cb27d543b0747a8f6eaa444c2d4069" }, { "question": "In a large ripple tank, a wave producing machine working at a frequency of 30 Hz produces 25 complete waves in a distance of 0.5 m. What would be the velocity of an individual wave? Thanks!\n\nA. 0.9 m/s\nB. 0.6 m/s\nC. 1.2 m/s\nD. 0.3 m/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Sound", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "e704130eca3a910cae57b61d08e8b28b" }, { "question": "How can electric charges be produced by rubbing?\n\nA. Electric charges are produced by rubbing due to friction between materials.\nB. Rubbing two materials causes electron migration, making one material negatively charged and the other positively charged.\nC. Rubbing causes materials to exchange protons, creating electric charges.\nD. Rubbing two materials generates heat, which produces electric charges.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electric Forces and Fields", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "98bc94176ccf3e23c17230d6d6c16d0b" }, { "question": "What is the projection of $(j+2k)$ onto $ ( i+2j)$?\n\nA. 4/5j + 2/5k\nB. 3/5j + 1/5k\nC. 2/5j + 4/5k\nD. 1/5j + 3/5k\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "47b565a7873213857d7280f59dbe30eb" }, { "question": "A projectile is shot at an angle of $pi/8 $ and a velocity of $ 5 m/s$. How far away will the projectile land?\n\nA. 2.4 m\nB. 3.0 m\nC. 1.2 m\nD. 1.8 m\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "3fd438d24356777cfba75eed3e03b537" }, { "question": "A charge of $4 C$ is passing through points A and B on a circuit. If the charge's electric potential changes from $42 J$ to $15 J$, what is the voltage between points A and B?\n\nA. 3.25V\nB. 6.75V\nC. 9.50V\nD. 12.75V\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electrical Energy and Current", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "44c96fa502705bf08d2bf45828cdb024" }, { "question": "Why does the location of the center of gravity depend on how an object\u2019s mass is distributed?\n\nA. Center of gravity depends on the object's temperature and pressure.\nB. Center of gravity depends on the surrounding environment and altitude.\nC. Center of gravity depends on the object's color and texture.\nD. Center of gravity depends on mass distribution and object's shape and size.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Rotational Motion", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "49604a91253cf8b4b5c08139a10323f6" }, { "question": "How do you normalize $ <0,8,5>$?\n\nA. (0, 5/sqrt(89), 8/sqrt(89))\nB. (5/sqrt(89), 8/sqrt(89), 0)\nC. (0, 8/sqrt(89), 5/sqrt(89))\nD. (8/sqrt(89), 0, 5/sqrt(89))\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5b8f00df3955c3dc22df15924b6c9986" }, { "question": "What is the dot product of $<7,-3, 9 >$ and $<4,2,-9 >$?\n\nA. -60\nB. -57\nC. -58\nD. -59\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b72acee98f9d3eea22bf29d8b52abc14" }, { "question": "What electric charge is characteristic for an ion of oxygen?\n\nA. -1\nB. +2\nC. +1\nD. -2\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electric Forces and Fields", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ea3a586d8aabab6f7fd508c33690ed7a" }, { "question": "Is momentum conserved in an elastic collision but not in an inelastic collision?\n\nA. Momentum is conserved only in inelastic collisions.\nB. Momentum is conserved in both elastic and inelastic collisions.\nC. Momentum is conserved only in elastic collisions.\nD. Momentum is not conserved in either type of collision.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Momentum and Collisions", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9b9dd72e50ee5da476a0b2bf367bc8f0" }, { "question": "A 0.145 kg baseball is thrown with a velocity of 40 m/s. What is the baseball's momentum?\n\nA. 7.25 kg m/s\nB. 11.6 kg m/s\nC. 5.8 kg m/s\nD. 2.9 kg m/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Momentum and Collisions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "54f12230c881b0bdd4afe29e9b9827ef" }, { "question": "A spring with a constant of $6/7 (kg)/s^2$ is lying on the ground with one end attached to a wall. An object with a mass of $3/5 kg$ and speed of $3/4 m/s$ collides with and compresses the spring until it stops moving. How much will the spring compress?\n\nA. \u221a(97/480) m\nB. \u221a(151/480) m\nC. \u221a(189/480) m\nD. \u221a(289/480) m\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Work and Energy", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "98069cdfa5c62c7eb6aaba859aa4c814" }, { "question": "How can I measure alternating current?\n\nA. Use a voltmeter in parallel.\nB. Measure with a DC ammeter.\nC. Calculate using Ohm's Law.\nD. Use an AC ammeter or a clamp meter.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electromagnetic Induction", "ability": "Knowledge Application", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "37f4619bd91e20f4a999f823eb46b6b0" }, { "question": "Is the acceleration of a free-falling object uniform?\n\nA. No, it's always non-uniform\nB. Yes, in a simplified model without outside forces\nC. Yes, even considering outside forces\nD. No, only when outside forces are present\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "1D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "832923ea5319daa6c2b7110722c4ae8c" }, { "question": "A projectile is shot from the ground at an angle of $pi/8 $ and a speed of $12 m/s$. When the projectile is at its maximum height, what will its distance, factoring in height and horizontal distance, from the starting point be?\n\nA. 4.8m\nB. 5.7m\nC. 5.2m\nD. 6.1m\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "ab7ed0a8cc888f4eb45eb90dec726c31" }, { "question": "What are calorimeters made of and why?\n\nA. Calorimeters are made of thin aluminum sheets.\nB. Calorimeters are made of thin brass sheets.\nC. Calorimeters are made of thin copper sheets.\nD. Calorimeters are made of thin stainless steel sheets.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Thermodynamics", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dc6c07c0e75ab6941002780271b226c4" }, { "question": "What is $ || < -2 , 3 , 6 > || $?\n\nA. 9\nB. 5\nC. 7\nD. 8\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "c45533e45620baaaca848cf54847dd00" }, { "question": "Why is the electric field inside a conductor zero?\n\nA. The electric field inside a conductor is zero because the conductor absorbs all the energy.\nB. Conductors have a natural property that prevents any electric field from forming inside them.\nC. An electric field exists inside a conductor, but it's too weak to affect the free electrons.\nD. In electrostatic equilibrium, no electric field exists inside a conductor because it would cause free electrons to accelerate, which contradicts the equilibrium condition.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electric Forces and Fields", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "5265350324b0d2c139d7303f46a72e05" }, { "question": "A model train, with a mass of $8 kg$, is moving on a circular track with a radius of $2 m$. If the train's kinetic energy changes from $8 j$ to $48 j$, by how much will the centripetal force applied by the tracks change by?\n\nA. 20 N\nB. 60 N\nC. 80 N\nD. 40 N\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Circular Motion and Gravitation", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "0970ed5464a228e792497673e5176787" }, { "question": "A ball with a mass of $ 3 kg$ is rolling at $8 m/s$ and elastically collides with a resting ball with a mass of $4 kg$. What are the post-collision velocities of the balls?\n\nA. v1 = 8 m/s, v2 = 0 m/s or v1 = -1.14 m/s, v2 = 6.86 m/s\nB. v1 = 4 m/s, v2 = 2 m/s\nC. v1 = 2 m/s, v2 = 4 m/s\nD. v1 = 6 m/s, v2 = 3 m/s\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Momentum and Collisions", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "18645921232f7e355a112ce9a40b707a" }, { "question": "If a rocket with a mass of 2900 tons vertically accelerates at a rate of $ 2/9 m/s^2$, how much power will the rocket have to exert to maintain its acceleration at 6 seconds?\n\nA. 50.1 MW\nB. 42.3 MW\nC. 35.9 MW\nD. 28.6 MW\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Work and Energy", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "15dab5827a1aa898025c1339867cdc28" }, { "question": "If C1, a 4.7 \u00b5F capacitor, and C2, a 3.3 \u00b5F capacitor are in series with 18 Vdc applied, what is the voltage across C1?\n\nA. 4.86V\nB. 10.57V\nC. 12.34V\nD. 7.43V\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Circuits", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "25f535259f10181673ef7ce198e995fb" }, { "question": "A ball is thrown into the air at some angle. At the very top of the ball's path, what is always 0?\n\nA. Horizontal velocity\nB. Air resistance\nC. Vertical velocity\nD. Acceleration\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "49e7935bf3a1d540ccf7f1fceb3c695a" }, { "question": "A balanced lever has two weights on it, the first with mass $7 kg $ and the second with mass $25 kg$. If the first weight is $ 6 m$ from the fulcrum, how far is the second weight from the fulcrum?\n\nA. 1.34m\nB. 1.96m\nC. 2.12m\nD. 1.68m\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "D" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Work and Energy", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "b973412b83cece304805e023304077b9" }, { "question": "How do you convert 7\u00b0C to the Kelvin scale ?\n\nA. 280K\nB. 283K\nC. 277K\nD. 290K\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Heat", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dc9cb752b56de07d59693388f7c762d9" }, { "question": "How do sound waves travel by refraction?\n\nA. Sound waves travel by refraction when they bounce off surfaces, creating echoes and reverberations.\nB. Sound waves travel by refraction when they change direction due to varying properties of the medium they pass through, causing changes in speed and wavelength.\nC. Sound waves travel by refraction when they split into multiple frequencies, resulting in a dispersed sound.\nD. Sound waves travel by refraction when they are absorbed by different materials, causing a dampening effect.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Sound", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "dc0f069cf52eb0b3e2c33025c6835390" }, { "question": "What is the largest index of refraction that the liquid can have, such that none of the light is transmitted into the liquid and all of it is reflected back into the glass?\n\nA. n_l = 1.50\nB. n_l \u2265 1.50\nC. n_l < 1.50\nD. n_l > 1.50\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Refraction", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6b13f7131337dc310a74a4204dd0394d" }, { "question": "What is the difference between Fg = mg and Universal Gravitation?\n\nA. Fg = mg originates from Newton's laws of motion, while Universal Gravitation involves the gravitational constant (G), mass (M), and radius (R) of Earth.\nB. Fg = mg is only applicable on Earth, while Universal Gravitation applies to all celestial bodies.\nC. Universal Gravitation is a generalization of Fg = mg for objects with varying masses.\nD. Fg = mg is a simplified version of Universal Gravitation for small objects.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Circular Motion and Gravitation", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "8fbf32dcdd84aaddc2220aeceb597597" }, { "question": "If an object is moving at $15 m/s$ and accelerates to $19 m/s$ over 4 seconds, what was the object's rate of acceleration?\n\nA. 1 m/s\u00b2\nB. 2 m/s\u00b2\nC. 1.5 m/s\u00b2\nD. 0.5 m/s\u00b2\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "1D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "9aaf32657410932c4694127661932653" }, { "question": "A circuit with a resistance of $6 Omega$ has a fuse that melts at $8 A$. Can a voltage of $12 V$ be applied to the circuit without blowing the fuse?\n\nA. No, 12V will blow the fuse.\nB. No, the fuse can only handle 6V.\nC. Yes, 12V won't blow the fuse.\nD. Yes, but only if the resistance is increased.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Electrical Energy and Current", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6b88510448b27f7a7451f2c4e6bb3aed" }, { "question": "If a projectile is shot at a velocity of $7 m/s$ and an angle of $pi/3$, how far will the projectile travel before landing?\n\nA. 5.12 m\nB. 4.33 m\nC. 6.28 m\nD. 3.67 m\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "B" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "2D Motion", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "6d798cfd31085c72a3f54b7e3ad1c780" }, { "question": "What is a series circuit?\n\nA. A single-path circuit where current flows through each device in order.\nB. A circuit with only one device connected.\nC. A circuit with multiple paths for current to flow.\nD. A circuit where devices share the same voltage.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "A" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Circuits", "ability": "Base Knowledge", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "57874d971ee6caeb50ebdeedb66cb9f6" }, { "question": "How is it that you can have both water and ice at 0 \u00b0C and both water and steam at 100 \u00b0C?\n\nA. The density of water changes at 0\u00b0C and 100\u00b0C, allowing both water and ice or water and steam to coexist.\nB. The specific heat capacity of water allows for both water and ice or water and steam to exist at the same temperatures.\nC. Temperature is related to the average kinetic energy of molecules, and phase transitions occur when energy is used to change molecular bonds without changing kinetic energy.\nD. Water and ice, or water and steam, have different molecular structures that allow them to exist at the same temperature.\n\nAnswer:", "answer": [ "C" ], "category": "physics", "topic": "Heat", "ability": "Scientific Calculation", "type": "multiple-choice", "task_name": "SocraticQA", "prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\". Please directly give the answer without any explanation.", "cot_prompt": "Given a question and four options, please select the right answer. Your answer should be \"A\", \"B\", \"C\" or \"D\".", "id": "7afdd99de6a363d42d9aa1e2329ad82c" } ]