<story><title>Banking-Crisis Interventions, 1257-2019 [pdf]</title><url>https://som.yale.edu/sites/default/files/files/II__metrick-schmelzing%2C%20body%20-%209-7.pdf</url></story><parent_chain></parent_chain><comment><author>specialist</author><text>Graeber&amp;#x27;s book Debt: The First 5000 Years documents that cycles of debt crisis and subsequent forgiveness is historically normal. And probably necessary. I mean, think about it: What other remedies do we have to winner-takes-all? Progressive taxation? Government largess?&lt;p&gt;Made me rethink all the bailouts, etc. Especially with the renewed scholarship on Keynesian 2.0 (MMT).&lt;p&gt;I&amp;#x27;d probably be ok with bailouts, jubilees if they were more fair, more bottom up.&lt;p&gt;Financiers gobbling up all the cheddar, abandoning all their victim&amp;#x27;s, really pisses me off.&lt;p&gt;Insult to injury is lack of consequences, acting aggrieved when their malfeasance is examined. Just one example being Jamie Dimon clutching his pearls when Obama Admin merely suggesting the optics of huge bonuses for execs during a meltdown was a bad look.</text></comment>
<story><title>Banking-Crisis Interventions, 1257-2019 [pdf]</title><url>https://som.yale.edu/sites/default/files/files/II__metrick-schmelzing%2C%20body%20-%209-7.pdf</url></story><parent_chain></parent_chain><comment><author>cs702</author><text>The authors compiled data for 1886 interventions in 20 categories across 138 countries going back to the 13th century. Fabulous work. Looking forward to reading it.&lt;p&gt;In the meantime, please do yourself a favor and take a look at Figure 6 on page 31, which shows that the number of interventions to rescue financial institutions around the world &lt;i&gt;has been increasing consistently since the 1600&amp;#x27;s&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;p&gt;As the authors put it in their abstract, &amp;quot;intervention frequencies and sizes suggest that the crisis problem in the financial sector has indeed &lt;i&gt;reached an apex during the post-Bretton Woods era&lt;/i&gt; – but that such trends are part of a more deeply entrenched development that saw global intervention frequencies and sizes gradually rise since at least the late 17th century.&amp;quot;&lt;p&gt;And it&amp;#x27;s not only the frequencies and sizes of interventions that have increased, but also their &lt;i&gt;scope&lt;/i&gt;. From the abstract: &amp;quot;The data shows a gradual shift over the past centuries from the traditional interventions of a lender-of-last-resort, suspensions of convertibility, and bank holidays, towards a much more prominent role for capital injections and sweeping guarantees of bank liabilities.&amp;quot;&lt;p&gt;In short, over the course of at least five centuries, the financial system has grown more and more dependent on governmental support.</text></comment>