<story><title>Advances in semiconductors are feeding the AI boom</title><url>https://spectrum.ieee.org/trillion-transistor-gpu</url></story><parent_chain></parent_chain><comment><author>highfrequency</author><text>Wild that the human brain can squeeze in 100 trillion synapses (&lt;i&gt;very&lt;/i&gt; roughly analogous to model parameters &amp;#x2F; transistors) in a 3lb piece of meat that draws 20 Watts. The power efficiency difference may be explainable by the much slower frequency of brain computation (200 Hz vs. 2GHz).&lt;p&gt;My impression is that the main obstacle to achieving a comparable volumetric density is that we haven&amp;#x27;t cracked 3d stacking of integrated circuits yet. Very exciting to see TSMC making inroads here:&lt;p&gt;&amp;gt; Recent advances have shown HBM test structures with 12 layers of chips stacked using hybrid bonding, a copper-to-copper connection with a higher density than solder bumps can provide. Bonded at low temperature on top of a larger base logic chip, this memory system has a total thickness of just 600 µm...We’ll need to link all these chiplets together in a 3D stack, but fortunately, industry has been able to rapidly scale down the pitch of vertical interconnects, increasing the density of connections. And there is plenty of room for more. We see no reason why the interconnect density can’t grow by an order of magnitude, and even beyond.&lt;p&gt;It&amp;#x27;s hard to imagine &lt;i&gt;not&lt;/i&gt; getting unbelievable results when in 10-30 years we have GPUs with a comparable number of transistors to brain synapses that support computation speed 10,000x faster than the brain. What a thing to witness!</text></comment>
<story><title>Advances in semiconductors are feeding the AI boom</title><url>https://spectrum.ieee.org/trillion-transistor-gpu</url></story><parent_chain></parent_chain><comment><author>HarHarVeryFunny</author><text>We already have a 4 trillion transistor &amp;quot;GPU&amp;quot; in the Cerebras WSE-3 (wafer-scale engine), used in Cerebras&amp;#x27; data centers.&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https:&amp;#x2F;&amp;#x2F;www.youtube.com&amp;#x2F;watch?v=f4Dly8I8lMY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https:&amp;#x2F;&amp;#x2F;www.youtube.com&amp;#x2F;watch?v=f4Dly8I8lMY&lt;/a&gt;</text></comment>