initially as a provider and teacher, and later as a medical administrator and innovator in service delivery methods. He is a clinical associate professor of Medicine at New York University School of Medicine, now retired.

**Antoinette Schoenthaler**, Ed.D, FAACH is an associate Professor of population Health and Medicine and fellow of the American Academy of Communication in Healthcare. Her research focuses on examining the reasons for patients' decision to adhere to prescribed medications and lifestyle behaviors, with emphasis on psychosocial factors such as depression, self-efficacy, and intrinsic motivation as well as interpersonal factors within the patient-physician relationship. She has also extensive experience in development and implementation of clinic and community-based interventions targeted at cardiovascular risk reduction in diverse settings such as faith-based organizations, senior centers, and primary care practices.
were observed when the internal force was rearranged. The existing cracks grew longer and wider until one crack became the critical crack. The longitudinal reinforcement across the critical crack yielded, and MV1 failed when the shear force reached 87 kN. The failure procedure of beam MV2 was similar to that of MV1.

Beams T1 and T2 were loaded under pure torsion. The left end of the beam was fixed, and the other end was supported by a blade bearing to supply the torsional load. The distance between the two supports was maintained at 1,200 mm. Two 10 t hydraulic jacks and a frame were used to apply torsion. The value of the force arm was 1,300 mm for the two jacks. In the initial loading procedure, the strain gages