Light-modulated subcellular localization of the alpha-subunit of GTP-binding protein Gq in crayfish photoreceptors.
Gq-type GTP-binding protein (Gq) plays an important role in invertebrate visual phototransduction. The subcellular localization of the alpha subunit of visual Gq in crayfish photoreceptor was investigated immunocytochemically and biochemically to demonstrate the details of the rhodopsin-Gq interaction. The localization of Gq(alpha) changed depending on the light condition. In the dark, Gq(alpha) was localized in the whole rhabdoms as the membrane-bound form. In the light, half of the Gq(alpha) was localized in the cytoplasm as the soluble form. The translocation of Gq(alpha) was reversible. The light-modulated translocation possibly controls the amount of Gq that can be activated by rhodopsin. In vitro hydroxylamine treatment of rhabdomeric membranes suggested that the translocation was regulated by the fatty-acid modificationlittle taught in schools and little known to most Britons. The tensely convoluted relationship between parliament, ministers, monarch and favourites, played out during a war in Europe, echoes into our own era from the age of Anne. Her grandfather, Charles I, had been deprived of his crown and his head after he embarked on a losing struggle with parliament.

When her father, James II, exhibited designs to create an absolutist Catholic monarchy, parliament rebelled again. He lost his crown, but escaped with his head, in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. By Anne’s time, quite a lot of clout was still wielded by the monarch – or by those, such as John and Sarah Churchill, who could get close enough to the monarch to harness the powers of the crown