272 F.3d 501 (7th Cir. 2001)
United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellee,v.Roman Kosmel, Defendant-Appellant.
No. 00-4294
In the United States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit
Argued October 29, 2001Decided November 29, 2001As Amended December 5, 2001

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Central District of Illinois. No. 99 CR 40088Joe B. McDade, Chief Judge.
Before Flaum, Chief Judge, and Posner and Diane P. Wood, Circuit Judges.
Flaum, Chief Judge.


1
Appellant Roman Kosmel represented himself during his criminal trial for unlawfully harboring illegal aliens, encouraging aliens to reside unlawfully in the United States, engaging in a pattern of unlawfully hiring aliens, money laundering, and engaging in transactions with criminally derived funds. Kosmel now claims that his choice to proceed pro se was not knowing and intelligent. Kosmel also appeals several sentencing rulings followingthe jury's conviction. For the reasons stated herein, we affirm Kosmel's conviction, but remand the case for resentencing.

I.  Background

2
Kosmel, a Czech citizen, entered the United States as a tourist in April 1996. Although authorized to remain in the country only until October 2, 1996, Kosmel stayed beyond the expiration of his visa and worked as a janitor for Uni versal Maintenance, Inc. ("Universal"). Universal provided cleaning services for Jewel Food Stores throughout Illinois. During his tenure as a Universal employee, Kosmel and his wife deposited into their personal savings account the paychecks of other Czech citizens unlawfully employed by Universal. During a ten-month period, Kosmel deposited 63 checks, totaling $52,419.


3
Kosmel must have performed admirably at Universal because in November 1997, Universal's owner encouraged him to incorporate a