Early in 1791 Major-General Arthur St
Clair, a veteran officer in two wars and governor of the Northwestern Territory, was
appointed to the chief command of the army operating against the Ohio tribes. On
November 4 of that year, while advancing upon the Miami villages with an army of
1,400 men, he was surprised by an Indian force of about the same number under
Little-turtle, the Miami chief, in what is now southwestern Mercer county, Ohio,
adjoining the Indiana line. Because of the cowardly conduct of the militia he was
totally defeated, with the loss of 632 officers and men killed and missing, and 263
wounded, many of whom afterward died. The artillery was abandoned, not a horse
being left alive to draw it off, and so great was the panic that the men threw away
their armsand fled for miles, even after the pursuit had ceased. It was afterward
learned that the Indians lost 150 killed, besides many wounded. Two years later
General Wayne built Fort Recovery upon the same spot. The detachment sent to
do the work found within a space of 350 yards 500 skulls, while for several miles
along the line of pursuit the woods were strewn with skeletons and muskets. The
two cannon lost were found in the adjacent stream. Authorities: St Clair's report
and related documents, 1791; American State I'apers, Indian Affairs, i, 1832; Drake,
Indians 570, 571, 1880; Appleton' s Cyclopaedia of American Biography.
(29) Cherokee clans, (p. 74): The Cherokee have seven clans, viz: Ani'-Wa''ya,
Wolf; Ani'-Kawf, Deer; Ani'-Tsi'skwa, Bird; Ani'-Wa'dl, Paint; Ani'-Saha'ni;
Ani'-Ga'tage'wl; Ani'-Gila'hI. The names of the last three can not be translated
with certainty. The