but that many were not. Although Worley walked around and patrolled the party and was aware that some of the guests had brought beer, he made no attempt to enforce the rule that guests who had consumed alcohol stay overnight.
Brown, a longtime friend of Jennifer's, consumed beer before and during the party. Brown obtained some of the beer from Dana, who had purchased it illegally. Brown and some of the other guests reimbursed Dana for the cost of the beer.
Later, between 11:00 and 11:30 p.m., Brown and Jennifer left the party together in Brown's car. The accident occurred when Brown failed to see a stop sign and slammed into a guardrail.
The record reflects that Jennifer sustained extremely serious injuries. She remained in a coma for nearly three weeks721. Our review of the trial court's ruling is de novo. Id.

A. Facts
We begin by reviewing the facts as stated in the parties' summary judgment pleadings and attachments, construing the facts in the light most favorable to Jennifer Biscan, the nonmoving party.
The facts are as follows. According to Worley's motion for summary judgment, Worley hosted the party for his daughter Ashley's eighteenth birthday. The party was held at Worley's residence, a farm in Williamson County, Tennessee. Neither Worley nor Ashley sent written invitations; rather, Ashley personally invited members of her school class to the party. Other students heard about the party through word of mouth and came to the party, which was expected by Worley and Ashley. Jennifer was not personally invited to the party. However, she, like