is, the Book of Mormon will never be proved or disproved by science,” he said.

Unofficially, church leaders have tacitly approved an alternative interpretation of the Book of Mormon by church apologists -- a term used for scholars who defend the faith.

The apologists say Southerton and others are relying on a traditional reading of the Book of Mormon -- that the Hebrews were the first and sole inhabitants of the New World and eventually populated the North and South American continents.

The latest scholarship, they argue, shows that the text should be interpreted differently. They say the events described in the Book of Mormon were confined to a small section of Central America, and that the Hebrew tribe was small enough that its DNA was swallowed up by the existingVoltage graph

In graph theory, a voltage graph is a directed graph whose edges are labelled invertibly by elements of a group.  It is formally identical to a gain graph, but it is generally used in topological graph theory as a concise way to specify another graph called the derived graph of the voltage graph.

Typical choices of the groups used for voltage graphs include the two-element group ℤ2 (for defining the bipartite double cover of a graph), free groups (for defining the universal cover of a graph), d-dimensional integer lattices ℤd (viewed as a group under vector addition, for defining periodic structures in d-dimensional Euclidean space), and finite cyclic groups ℤn for n > 2. When Π is a cyclic group, the voltage graph may be called a cyclic-voltage graph.

Definition
Formal