adequate attention. The war on the ground was being fought, and won successfully, but the war in cyber space is still under consideration. Secondly, as a nuclear state and its significant geopolitical position, the increase in cyber-attacks on critical infrastructure cannot be diffused.

The government of Pakistan has been engaged in making policies for countering cyber-attacks since 2003, but no actual implementation has been done. With every passing day and year, the cyber space is not only being misused by cyber criminals, but it has become a haven for cyber terrorists to recruit and use it for networking, communication, data gathering, psychological warfare, and mobilization purposes.

Every independence day, the defamation of Pakistani websites by Indian hackers is taken as wake-up call by the authorities concerned. A national level cyberis on the rise and the very nature of the threats are fast evolving making it difficult for Pakistan to counter. On the cyber front, Pakistan is constantly being attacked, either if we are talking of the Independence Day defamation of Pakistan’s ministries websites or the compromise of the NADRA servers in 2012 by Turkish hackers, the crash of the database server of the NADRA website in 2013 by the Afghan Cyber Army (ACA), the cyber-attack on Karachi Gateway exchange, or a compromise of a well-known ISP service in the country, and many other covert or non-covert cyber-attacks. As such, cyber war is constantly increasing and there seems to be no end to it.

If we look at the approach of neighboring countries towards fighting cybercrimes, it is evident