included a representative of the President of Somalia, the Minister of Health, The SWDO President, the Italian Ambassador, representatives of UNICEF, WHO, AIDoS and others.

Delegates from several African countries, including Egypt, Sudan, The Gambia and Nigeria presented outlines about the successful campaigns and strategies to eradicate female child genital mutilations in their countries. Egypt, with a program sponsored by the Cairo Family Planning Association, led by Aziza Kamel, has the most extensive experience in conducting a multitude of successful grassroots initiatives. From London, Stella Efua Graham, a native of Ghana and President of FORWARD (the Forward), outlined her educational work among African immigrants to the U.K. A doctor from Indonesia discussed how female circumcision in Indonesia had now been changed into a purely symbolic rite. Berhane Ras Work,the president of the Inter-African Committee (IAC) on "Traditional Practices Affecting the Health of Women and Children" founded in 1984, talked about its work all over Africa.

Women's International Network (WIN) was represented at the seminar by Fran P. Hosken, who spoke about the actions against female child genital mutilations all over the world, and about the Universal Childbirth Picture Books, with additions to prevent excision and infibulation that WIN has developed and introduced all over Africa with much success. The books are currently being translated.

RESOURCE LIST: