that his re-election had been democratic, adding that "the world is bigger than the Lima Group". In recent months, Maduro has ramped up efforts to strengthen Venezuela's ties with backers outside the region, most notably China and Russia.

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This follows an unprecedented move in September when seven countries requested an International Criminal Court (ICC) investigation into Venezuela for human rights abuses.

"Impunity for human rights crimes in Venezuela is deliberate," said Gonzalo Himiob Santome, Foro Penal's director. "In a context in which those responsible for human rights abuses are more likely to be rewarded than brought to justice, it is critical to explore avenues to hold them accountable abroad."

Venezuela's Constituent Assembly, formed in August 2017 to rewrite the constitution, has threatened to shut down the opposition-controlled National Assembly if theyQueen's University professor Allyson Harrison has uncovered anomalies and issues with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV), one of the most widely used intelligence tests in the world. IQ scores are used to predict educational success, to help identify intellectual disabilities or intellectual giftedness and to establish whether a person has a specific learning disability.

For her research, Dr. Harrison and her colleagues examined the differences between Canadian and American WAIS-IV scores from 861 postsecondary students from across Ontario. The research identified a trend where the individual's scores were consistently lower using the Canadian test scoring system. The WAIS-IV scores are used to make diagnostic decisions on the person's ability relative to their peer group.

"Looking at the normal distribution of scores, you'd expect that only about five per