reviewing its CI, and a decision on whether to renew the CI agreement when it expires in June has not been made yet pending receipt of the committee’s recommendations.

The recently announced closures follow on closures of the CIs at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, in 2017; Pennsylvania State University, in 2014; and the University of Chicago, where more than 100 faculty members had signed a petition calling for the closure in 2014. North of the border, in Ontario, McMaster University closed its CI in 2013 after a visiting instructor from China claimed the university was “giving legitimization to discrimination” because her contract with Hanban -- the Chinese government entity that sponsors the institutes -- prohibited her participation in the religious organization Falun Gong.

Of the recent closures, IowaThe present invention relates to semiconductor devices, and methods of manufacturing semiconductor devices, including various circuits and electronic devices.
As a semiconductor device, there has been widely used a memory such as a flash memory which is comprised of floating gate and control gate. A memory cell serving as a smallest unit may include a tunnel oxide film (a first insulating film) formed by oxidizing the surface of a semiconductor substrate, a floating gate (a first poly-silicon film) formed on the tunnel oxide film, a dielectric film (a second insulating film) formed on the floating gate, and a control gate (a second poly-silicon film) formed on the dielectric film. Further, a semiconductor substrate is formed with a source area and a drain area under the tunnel oxide film, and