element disposed on an opening formed in at least one of the planar circuit conductor and the ground conductor, and connected to the at least one conductor along the periphery of the opening to electronically control the electromagnetic wave field.
Used as the circuit element may be a variable reactance element such as a varactor diode, and a switching element such as a PIN diode, Schottky barrier diode and the like, and furthermore an MMIC (monolithic microwave integrated circuit) and the like. Such a circuit element is connected to the planar circuit conductor or the ground conductor at least two points along the periphery of the opening.
In the present invention, an opening is formed in at least one of the planar circuit conductor and ground conductor which makes upCutaneous infections affecting wrestlers frequently result in lost time from practice and competition and can substantially affect individual wrestler and team success. From 1988 to 2004, approximately 20% of practice-related sports medicine conditions in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) wrestlers leading to lost practice time involved cutaneous infections.^[@bibr5-1941738113481179],[@bibr63-1941738113481179]^

Examination {#section5-1941738113481179}
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In the NCAA, the sports medicine team typically performs screenings several times per week during practices and before all competitions according to published guidelines.^[@bibr63-1941738113481179]^ Outside the NCAA, requirements for screening vary; however, the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) Sports Medicine Advisory Committee (SMAC) has also published guidelines.^[@bibr65-1941738113481179]^

A systematic head-to-toe examination is important for a thorough and efficient skin check. It is standard practice to have the wrestlers undress completely except for briefs and to position them in