question of its ultimate treatment of COs.”

English Heritage

Richmond Castle, North Yorkshire - the nineteenth century cell block where the the conscientious objectors were imprisoned is at the foot of the tower.

English Heritage

The cells at Richmond Castle in North Yorkshire. Graffiti left there by conscientious objectors during the First World War will beconserved by English Heritage, thanks to a major Â£365,400 grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund (HLF). Photograph: Anthony Chappel-Ross for English Heritage.

English Heritage

English Heritage Senior Curator Kevin Booth examines graffiti left by a conscientious objector during the First World War at Richmond Castle, North Yorkshire. The graffiti will beconserved by English Heritage, thanks to a major Â£365,400 grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund (HLF). Photograph: Anthony Chappel-Ross for English Heritage.

English Heritage

Ending the War Richard Lewis Barry Aboutfiancée, Annie Wainwright. She was evidently at the fore of his thoughts while he was imprisoned at Richmond, and her portrait may have given him strength and comfort. Perhaps it was similar reassuring memories of a loved one that prompted a later prisoner to relabel the drawing ‘My Kathleen’. Although their engagement endured the war, Bert and Annie never married. Struggling to find permanent work after the war, Brocklesby decided to travel to Vienna with the Friends’ War Victims Relief Committee. Annie, whose brother had been killed in action, could not support this decision. He would be helping the very people who had killed her sibling. Soon after Brocklesby left, the engagement was broken off.

English Heritage

Bull’s Head-Richard Lewis Barry-About 1916. A bull’s head was the only thing which