the state who knew Moore’s racial intolerance intimately. (They and other Alabamians were soon to know about his lascivious and abusive behavior with young women.) For its own version of taking two steps back, however, the Alabama House responded in January of 2018 by voting to end special elections.3

The significance of voting in the United States in 2016 is that it was the first U.S. presidential election without the fifty-year protection of the Voting Rights Act.4 While gerrymandering, poll taxes, and racial violence, among other impediments , would be present, although not crucial to the outcome of that election, the result was anything but expected. The vote was successfully suppressed in fourteen states; in North Carolina, Arizona, Texas, and other states with a long history of voting irregularities,southern masters”; also, although he had numerous detractors in his time, Jefferson has been widely hailed by present-day historians for having crafted “the stability of the young constitutional system, since the incumbent was ousted without violence.”6 These were some of the political hijinks of the eighteenth century. The nineteenth, of course, left the College intact after the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment, which seemed fine, as long there was no enforcement against violence at Southern polls in any case. Racial violence during elections broadly characterizes the South also in the twentieth century and disenfranchisement not only of African Americans, but also of Latinos, the elderly, the disabled, and those recently freed from incarceration as each group swelled the ranks of the electoral uncounted.

In 2016, the much-rustier machinery of