treat heart failure. Among these early researchers were: Dr Alexis Carrel, who was awarded the Nobel Prize for his pioneering work in vascular anastomosis; Dr John Gibbon, who did important work in the development of the cardiopulmonary bypass machine; Drs Normal Shumway, Richard Lower, and Demikhov, who developed heart transplant procedures in the canine model; Dr Christian Barnaard, who performed the first technically successful human-to-human heart transplant (1967); and Dr Thomas Hardy, who attempted the first xenotransplant (1963). While these achievements were phenomenal advances, long-term survival for transplant recipients was minimal until progress was made in immunosuppressive techniques.At least 19 civilians were killed and others injured in a car explosion in the center of the occupied city of Tal Abiad, northern Raqqa countryside, and two others injured by mortars in the Nile Street Market in the city of Aleppo.

Eyewitnesses from the city of Tal Abiad reported that at least 19 civilians were killed and unidentified others were injured when a rigged with explosives detonated in the city’s main market.

The large explosion caused material damage in the area. The regime of Erdogan hastily accused the Kurdish dissolved separatist SDF militia for the explosion.

However, if it was not for the Turkish invasion and the Turkish evil interference in Syria hundreds of thousands of Syrians would not have faced any harm and were still living among us, Syria