      Between three and five minutes after he stopped the van, Trooper Kennedy asked Mr. Hicks

to step out and walk back to the patrol car. Trooper Kennedy then put Mr. Hicks in the back seat of

the patrol car and again asked him where his registration and insurance documents were. Mr. Hicks

again looked in his wallet and said he could not find them. Mr. Hicks appeared nervous while he

was in the patrol car. When Trooper Kennedy asked Mr. Hicks who owned the van, Mr. Hicks told

him he had just bought it, but that the license plates actually belonged to a 1976 Dodge pickup truck


                                                3
he owned, and that he planned to register the van when he reached his destination in Kansas. When

Trooper Kennedy asked Mr. Hicks where he was going, Mr. Hicks said he was traveling from

Oxnard, California, to Iola, Kansas, to see his ex-wife, bring a present to his daughter, and help Mr.

Miller find a job. He also asked Mr. Hicks how long he had known Mr. Miller, and Mr. Hicks said

"a long time," and that they had gone to school together. While Mr. Hicks was in the patrol car,

Trooper Kennedy checked his license plates and driver's license with the dispatcher. The license

plates