Optical properties and size distribution of aerosols derived from simultaneous measurements with lidar, a sunphotometer, and an aureolemeter.
A new method is proposed to derive the optical properties and size distribution of aerosol in an air column from simultaneous measurements of the backscattering coefficient, the optical thickness, and the solar aureole intensity with lidar, a sunphotometer, and an aureolemeter. Inasmuch as the backscattering properties and the optical thickness depend on both the complex refractive index and the size distribution, whereas the forward-scattering properties depend mainly on the size distribution, real and imaginary indices of refraction and size distributions of aerosol are retrieved from these measurements. The real and the imaginary parts of the complex refractive index of an aerosol at a wavelength of 500 nm during the period fromSpeaking after the pre-budget meeting with the state finance ministers, Jaitley pointed out that they were in favour of an early roll-out of GST. The government plans to roll-out GST by April 1, 2016.

Last week the government had tabled the GST Bill in the Lok Sabha. According to the government, it is the single most important tax reform since 1947.

For a smooth implementation of the bill Jaitley had earlier told parliament that the central government would clear states' compensation dues of about Rs.34,000 crore ($5.5 billion) over a three-year period.

Seen as a key to facilitating industrial growth and improving the business climate in the country, the GST bill needs to be passed by a two-thirds majority in both houses of parliament and by the legislatures of half of