Australian C-17s are operated by No. 36 Squadron and are based at RAAF Base Amberley in Queensland.[92]

On 18 April 2011, Boeing announced that Australia had signed an agreement with the U.S. government to acquire a fifth C-17 due to an increased demand for humanitarian and disaster relief missions.[93] The aircraft was delivered to the RAAF on 14 September 2011.[94] On 23 September 2011, Australian Minister for Defence Materiel Jason Clare announced that the government was seeking information from the U.S. about the price and delivery schedule for a sixth Globemaster.[95] In November 2011, Australia requested a sixth C-17 through the U.S. FMS program; it was ordered in June 2012, and was delivered on 1 November 2012.[96][97]

In August 2014, Defence Minister David Johnston announced the intention to purchase one16 June 2007, the first Canadian C-17 rolled off the assembly line at Long Beach, California and into the paint hangar for painting and addition of Canadian markings including the national logo and air force roundel. The first Canadian C-17 made its initial flight on 23 July.[108] It was turned over to Canada on 8 August,[109] and participated at the Abbotsford International Airshow on 11 August prior to arriving at its new home base at 8 Wing, CFB Trenton, Ontario on 12 August.[110] Its first operational mission was delivery of disaster relief to Jamaica in the aftermath of Hurricane Dean.[111] The second C-17 arrived at 8 Wing, CFB Trenton on 18 October 2007. The last of four aircraft was delivered in April 2008.[112] The official Canadian designation is