the media, and attempted legal and administrative changes at the state and the national level. The paper reported annual data from a document review for four years after the appointments. The study did not present data from before the appointments. The number of complaints received increased from 1958 in the first year to between 7096 and 7732 in the following three years. The number of convictions increased from between 10 and 19 in the first 3 years to 41 in the last year. There was only one conviction in the health sector in the first year and one in the last year. This evidence suggests that an independent agency with strong leadership and political support, which is responsible for detecting corruption and enforcement, might increase the number ofhospitals. By changing the structure of funding (to case-based payment for inpatient care and capitation payment for primary care in 1997) and by introducing a split between the purchasers and providers, as well as better payment to the providers, it was also hoped that there would be less incentive to demand informal payments. The new financial arrangements included pooling of all local budget funds for health, payment of providers from these funds, de-linking the amount of budget revenues received by a facility from the number of beds that it had, and establishment of an explicit, formal and differentiated co-payment for inpatient care (2001-2004). The proportion of people who reported they made other payments in connection with a consultation decreased from 55% in 1994 to 20% in 2007. There