of its term, issued a landmark decision on health care reform.

CORNISH: The suit challenged the law's individual mandate, the idea that Congress could require every American to have health insurance.

(SOUNDBITE OF TV SHOW, "THIS WEEK WITH GEORGE STEPHANOPOULOS")

GEORGE STEPHANOPOULOS: And the Supreme Court has upheld the requirement that every American...

CORNISH: The court upheld the law, as long as the individual mandate was enforced through a tax penalty.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

UNIDENTIFIED PERSON: Every American who can afford it must buy health insurance or pay a fine.

SHAPIRO: Congressional Republicans have tried many times to overturn the law and failed, even in 2017 when the party controlled both chambers of Congress and the presidency.

(SOUNDBITE OF TV SHOW, "PBS NEWSHOUR")

WOODRUFF: A last-ditch effort for a partial repeal of Obamacare...

SHAPIRO: They couldn't getthe votes needed to repeal the law.

(SOUNDBITE OF TV SHOW, "PBS NEWSHOUR")

WOODRUFF: ...Failed by a single vote early today, frustrating Republican leaders and the president.

SHAPIRO: A few months later in 2017, Republicans found a new strategy.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP: We want to give you, the American people, a giant tax cut for Christmas. And when I say giant, I mean giant.

(APPLAUSE)

SHAPIRO: As part of the sweeping tax bill Trump signed into law that year, Republicans targeted a key part of Obamacare - the tax penalty for not having health insurance. The law reduced the penalty to zero dollars.

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