to profiles taken from the crime scene samples.

Dannye Moloney immediately flew interstate, to visit Kaufman’s former wife, and returned with the samples.

The Victoria Police laboratory was in the process of implementing the Lifecodes system in-house, but it took time. Equipment needed to be manufactured, extensive quality assurance programs run, and legal and contract issues negotiated. Fortunately, the U.S. company agreed to a second visit by Gutowski where he would provide the labor, while they, once again, opened their lab to him.

In November 1988, Gutowski left for New York with the DNA samples from the Kaufman case (and a few others) sealed and packed, in dry ice, in a small polystyrene container in his hand luggage. Before his departure, he had done the first phase of the DNA profilingwith having run the first criminal investigation in Australia – and one of the first in the world – to have successfully used DNA to solve a case.

As recommended by his rape investigation group, a special rape squad had been set up in April 1989. As its inaugural head, Moloney felt hamstrung by laws which only allowed the taking of DNA samples with suspects’ consent. He had hoped to use this case as an instrument to help change the law. It undoubtedly helped. By December 14, 1989, the day of Kaufman’s sentencing, legislation governing the taking of involuntary DNA samples from suspects had been introduced to the Victorian Parliament.

Commending the detective work that had led to the rapist’s prosecution, and adding that the community was entitled to be