extant scholarly historical review, done by Uicheon lists the original Goryeo schools passed down from the Silla as six: Gyeyul, Yeolban, Beopseong, Weonyung and Seon. These continued into the Goryeo, renamed as follows: the Gyeyul school of the Silla was known in the Goryeo as Namsang jong (???): the Yeolban school was termed Siheung jong (???),the Beopseong was termed Chungdo jong (???); the Beopsang as Jaeun jong (???) and the Weonyung as Hwaeom jong (???). Seon was originally counted as an additional, sixth school, but later on, after Uicheon, Cheontae would be recognized as another Seon school, resulting in “five Gyo and two Seon.” Thus, while the prior six-school period was traditionally termed “five schools and nine mountains (ojong gusan????),” this later seven school period was called “fivedoctrinal and two meditational [schools]” (ogyo yangjong ????).

Initially the new Seon schools were regarded by the established doctrinal schools as radical and dangerous upstarts. Thus, the early founders of the various “nine mountain” monasteries met with considerable resistance, repressed by the long influence in court by the Gyo schools. The struggles which ensued would carry on for most of the Goryeo period, but gradually the Seon argument for the possession of the true transmission of enlightenment would gain the upper hand. The position that would generally be adopted in the later Seon schools, due in large part to the efforts of Jinul, would not be that of clear superiority of Seon meditational methods, but rather a declaration of the intrinsic unity and mutual complementarity of the Seon and