of the instrument generally facing downward while played is considered as the treble side of the instrument and the side of the instrument facing upward is considered as the bass side of the instrument. The upper bout may therefore may be further described as having a treble side upper bout and a bass side upper bout and, likewise, the lower bout may be further described as having a bass side lower bout and a treble side lower bout.
For the typical right handed player, the upper bout of the instrument is adjacent to the player's left arm, and the lower bout is adjacent to the player's right arm. The left hand is utilized for fingering notes on the fretboard, where the fretboard is disposed on the neck of thepathway is specific to the yeast used in the study and supplies key amino acids to the cell by changing the metabolic process of the mitochondria.

When activated individually, neither the AMPK pathway nor the retrograde response provided substantial benefits to cells with damaged mitochondria. When activated simultaneously, clear benefits became evident.

"We looked at the effect activating both pathways had on maintenance of cellular viability in what's called a chronological aging experiment," Friis said. "Even when they had defective mitochondria, the cells with the retrograde response and AMPK simultaneously activated during growth were able to live as long as cells with normal mitochondrial function."

Working in collaboration with John Paul Glaves, a postdoctoral fellow in Bryan Sykes' lab, and Tao Huan, a PhD student in Liang Li's lab, Friis measured