of il riginal painting ol aboul 183 i
mooney] FIRST RAILROAD — LITERAR'X REVIVAL L870 151
and be died, as be bad lived for nearly forty years, the official!; recog
nixed chief of the Nation. With repeated opportunities to enrich
himself at the expense of his tribe, he died a poor man. His bodj
was brought back and interred in the territorj of the Nation. In
remembrance of the great chief one of the nine districts of the Chero-
kee Nation has been called by his Indian name. Cooweescoowee I t6).
Under the provisions of the late treaty the 1 >ela wares in Kansas, to
the number of 985, removed t<> Indian territory in 1867 and became
incorporated as citizens <d' the Chei-okee Nation. They were followed
in 1870 by the Shawano, chiefly also from Kansas, to the numberof
770. 1 These immigrants settled chiefly along the Verdigris, in the
northwestern part of the Nation. Under the same treaty the Osage,
Kaw, Paw nee. Ponca, < )to and Missouri, and Tonkawa were afterward
settled (in the western extension known then as the Cherokee strip.
The captive Nez Perces of Joseph's hand werealso temporarily located
there, but have since been removed to the states of Washington and
Idaho.
In 1870 the Missouri, Kansas and Texas railway, a branch of the
Union Pacific system, was constructed through the lands of the Chero-
kee Nation under an agreement ratified by the Government, it being
the first railroad to enter that country.-' Several others have since
been constructed or projected.
The same year saw a Cherokee literary revival. The publication of
the Advocate, which had been suspended since some years before the
war, was resumed,