Hall was Birkenbach's supervisor.
In August 1991 Iwekaogwu was promoted to the position of civil engineer associate. However, when promotions for the period from July 1991 to early 1992 were announced at a general meeting in early 1992, Iwekaogwu's promotion to civil engineer associate was not announced.
In October 1992 and May 1993 Weismair again gave Iwekaogwu the highest rating on his job evaluations.
In 1993 Iwekaogwu took an examination for the position of structural engineering associate I. He had the highest score of all the candidates in the harbor department on the examination and was ranked eighth in the City overall. Iwekaogwu also took and passed the examination for the position of civil engineer. He never was notified that he was eligible to apply for a position as civil engineeron the basis of his test scores. However, in 1993 the construction management division of the harbor department promoted a white male to the position of civil engineer in that division, even though that person had failed the civil engineer examination that Iwekaogwu had passed.
Raymond Aliviado became Iwekaogwu's supervisor in late 1993. Prior to that time Aliviado had been one of Iwekaogwu's coworkers in the structural design section. Aliviado had begun keeping a diary with comments about Iwekaogwu's work in 1991, when they were coworkers. Aliviado continued keeping notes about Iwekaogwu after he became Iwekaogwu's supervisor. Iwekaogwu was the only employee about whom Aliviado kept notes.
On or about April 18, 1994, Iwekaogwu spoke to Bob Zmuda (who was second in command of the section under Aliviado) about Iwekaogwu's