these Bulgarians (from Beychehir to Konya) and the Bulgarians in Tash or (around the Bulgarian Mountains) have been here since Seljuk times (probably as early as the 11th century), and that it is written that in the Seljuk army there were Bulgarians and Levantines - Europeans, born in the east.

Also, sources for the 12th century recorded Slavic and Bulgarian presence in Asia Minor. In the chronicle of Abu Mansur al-Hazini, "The remarkable days of the Seljuk State," in a chronicle note for Sanjar, ruled from 1117 to 1157, are explicitly mentioned "Slavic regions Suvar, Bulgar and Ankara ..." (quote from Tatarli, 1982).

1) Population movements in the Aegean during later times were affected in a positive or negative way by a chain of factors that came up throughout thisepidemics on islands. The whole list of epidemics that struck –sometimes immensely– certain islands is much longer. Several natural disasters (mostly earthquakes, and Thera and Nisyros’s volcanic eruptions) also inflicted losses.

2) Colonizations

Already since the Frankish Rule period, rulers organized colonizations aiming to increase the population of the places where colonists settled, since achieving political and economical aims was otherwise impossible. Therefore, in 1413, people coming from Tinos and Mykonos colonized scarcely populated Astypalaia. Colonizations sometimes covered needs created by military rivalry. In 1450 and 1493, two groups from Chalki settled on Rhodes in order to overlook the sea area considering the Ottoman threat coming from the Asia Minor coasts opposite the island.

Compulsory movement of populations from several areas of the Ottoman Empire towards recently taken over Constantinople was