incumbent technology and the agency and conscious choice of managers is important in bringing about technological change (Prakash & Sinha, 2008). Grant et al. (2006) used a case study approach to investigate the adoption of enterprise information systems in three organizations, and to evaluate whether the technological determinist rhetoric of technology vendors held true to what they promised. Grant et al. (2006) interviewed senior managers and stakeholders at two companies and one university. At the company where managers held a technological determinist viewpoint, the system implementation required altering business practices to suit the new system to the point that it met with resistance in the organization, and the new system did not produce the desired results promised for it. At the other two organizations, Grant et al. (2006)2009). The review examines the connection between technology and values, and discusses pertinent ethical considerations that are integral to educational technology decisions. Scholars have argued that technology leaders should be prepared to consider pertinent ethical issues that impact technology implementations (Hoffman, 2006), and to manage any unintended consequences of technology (Canole, 2007; Kanuka, 2008; Nworie & Haughton, 2008). Documentation The literature search strategy involved exhaustive work over a long period that began in February of 2010, when the author was completing assignments for the NCU course EDR7000, Educational Research Strategies. At that time in 2010, the author identified his general dissertation topic, and the literature review commenced, and continued over the sequence o f NCU research and dissertation courses that followed from 2010 through 2012. The literature search