expression of this anger on the body or that of another is a communicative act, clearly sending a message of internal pain or of psychosis (Motz, 2001). She calls the message "the language of the body", and that the symbolic use of violence against the body can be likened to psychosomatic illness.

Violence against the self

Violence against the self can take several forms, including deprivation and starvation as is the case in anorexia nervosa and bulimia, self-injury or suicide attempts, or other forms of self-harm.

Violence against children

Violence against children often goes unreported, and is largely hidden from view. It can take the form of direct physical or sexual assault, Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy, or infanticide. Often the capacity of women to commit violence against children is denied, in theA 24-year-old man has been sentenced to nine years in prison for the manslaughter of Galway teacher and publican John Kenny in 2011.

Last January, a jury found Marian Lingurar Jr guilty of the manslaughter of Mr Kenny in Oughterard in September 2011.

Lingurar, with an address at Loughgeorge, Claregalway, Co Galway, worked as a doorman at a pub run by Mr Kenny.

A detailed garda investigation traced his movements on the night of the killing and he was convicted unanimously, following a two-and-a-half week trial.

The court heard that Mr Kenny sustained severe blows to the trunk and torso in the early hours of 25 September 2011.

His body was found in a toilet of the pub by his wife and daughter later that day. His hands had been bound with an