so women may “protect” themselves through the ballot.

Citation: Sex, Gender, and the Politics of ERA: A State and the Nation, Donald G. Mathews and Jane Sherron De Hart

Dr. Anna Julia Haywood Cooper, 1858-1964

City Cemetery, Raleigh

This is the gravesite of Dr. Anna Julia Cooper Haywood. Dr. Cooper Haywood was born a slave in Raleigh, North Carolina in 1858. After the Civil War, she eventually earned a doctoral degree and became an advocate in Washington DC for gender equality, civil rights, desegregation, and education access. Her book, A Voice from the South (1892), describes the oppression of African American women and lays the foundations for Black feminism. Dr. Cooper Haywood advocated for women’s suffrage and said that their representation in government would establish, “…the supremacy of moral forces of reasonand justice and love in the government of the nation.” She was an educator, activist, and public speaker at a time when the women’s movement largely excluded people of color and the civil rights movement excluded women.

Documenting the American South, NCpedia, State Government & Heritage Library



N.C. Federation of Women’s Clubs, Main and Cemetery streets, Winston-Salem

“Volunteer service group promoted suffrage, education, and other social, cultural causes. Founded 1902 one-half mi. SE.” The North Carolina Federation of Women’s Clubs met for the first time on May 26, 1902, at the campus of Salem Academy. The members originally prioritized education, library extension, state charities, library development, and they later brought their attention to suffrage, public health, conservation, and the workplace. The N.C. Federation of Women’s Clubs is one of the largest