British Colonies, the Caribbean and England was established, making the American colonies more productive; while the introduction of African slaves to the American colonies proliferated. After Mary II died in 1694, William III ruled England alone until his death in 1702. William and Mary were childless, and were succeeded by Mary’s sister.

1702. Pennsylvania’s three lower counties (New Castle, Kent, and Sussex) gained a separate Assembly from the three upper counties (Bucks, Chester, and Philadelphia), but both regions were ultimately administered by the proprietor, William Penn, who appointed a Governor shared by both regions.

1702 England. Anne, sister of Mary II was crowned Queen of England. She gave birth to several children, none of whom lived more than a few days. She ruled until her death in 1714, and Parliament,still overly concerned about any possible Catholic replacement, determined that her closest (protestant) heir was a German from Hanover.

1714 England. George I was the first of the House of Hanover to rule England, but a monarch who had little interest in living there. He took “British Holidays,” from time to time, but he never learned to speak English.

1727 England. George II became King of England, and during his 33-year reign, more than 200,000 so-called “Scots-Irish” left for the American colonies from the borderlands of England and Scotland and from Northern Ireland. The Scots-Irish were the largest group of British immigrants to America prior to the Revolutionary War. They outnumbered the combined total of the other main British immigrant groups, i.e., the Puritans, Quakers, and Cavaliers.

1760 England. George III