residual symptoms of MDD; an early response in these symptoms after switching to duloxetine improved the chances of a clinically meaningful functional recovery.

This study (F1J-CR-S022) was financially supported by Eli Lilly and Company. Eli Lilly was involved in the study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the preparation of the manuscript; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication. The authors acknowledge the independent medical writing assistance provided by Timothy Stentiford of MediTech Media Asia Pacific Pte Ltd, Sydney, Australia, funded by an unrestricted financial grant from Eli Lilly Australia. MediTech's services complied with international guidelines for Good Publication Practice.

Author contributions
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D Sagman conceived the study, participated in its design, and contributed to the drafting and review of the manuscript. D McIntosh, MS(1) Field of the Invention
The present invention refers to a copying apparatus and method which is effective when employed in image forming apparatus utilizing the xerographic process.
(2) Description of the Related Art
A conventional xerographic image forming apparatus functions as follows. Charged powdered toner is adhered on a photoconductive layer on the surface of an image carrier which runs endlessly, whereby a transferable toner image is formed on the image carrier. A recording medium, mainly paper, is contacted on the toner image and is given the opposite charge from that of the toner. In this way, the toner image is transferred on the recording medium. The recording medium is separated from the image carrier, and then the toner is fixed on the recording medium. The residual toner and the