order of the Creek national council on April 30, 1825. Having
sufficient education to keep up an official correspondence, he brought himself to
public notice and came to be regarded as the principal chief of the Lower Creeks.
In the Creek war of 1813-14 he led his warriors to the support of the Americans
against his brethren of the Upper towns, and acted a leading part in the terrible
slaughters at Autossee and the Horseshoe bend. In 1817 he again headed his war-
riors on the government side against the Seminole :\nt\ was commissioned as major.
His common title of general belonged to him only by courtesy. In bSL'l he was the
principal supporter of the treaty of Indian springs, by which a large tract between
the Flint and Chattahoochee rivers was ceded. The treaty was repudiatedby the
Creek Nation as being the act of a small faction. Two other attempts were made to
carry through the treaty, in which the interested motives of Mcintosh became so
apparent that he was branded as a traitor to his Nation and condemned to deat",
together with his principal underlings, in accordance with a Creek law making
death the penalty for undertaking to sell lands without tin- consent of the national
council. About the same time he was publicly exposed and denounced in the
( 'herokee council for an attempt to bribe John Koss and other chiefs of the Cherokee
in the same fashion. At daylight of April 30, 1825, a hundred or more warriors
sen! by the Creek national council surrounded his house and, after allowing the
women and children to come out, set tire to