disc damage. He
       testified that he expected Darlene to need treatment for her injuries in the future due to
       expedited degeneration above the fusion that was eventually performed by Dr. Schoedinger.
       He testified that he was not aware that Darlene fell from a chair in October 1998, but that a fall
       off a chair would have to be very dramatic to cause the injury Darlene suffered.

                                        and gave a history of an automobile accident in which she sustained a concussion. In reviewing
       the MRI Darlene received on October 15, 1998, Dr. Schoedinger noted a central disc rupture at
       L5-S1. At that time, he recommended that Darlene continue treating with Dr. King and follow
       up in six weeks.
¶ 14       On November 9, 1998, Darlene called Dr. Schoedinger’s office complaining of an increase
       in the severity of her pain. She was admitted to St. Anthony’s Medical Center and was
       evaluated on November 10, 1998, with a lumbar myelogram