several regiments of troops, was sent to the
Cherokee village on Angelina river- to demand of the Indians that they
remove at once across the border. The Indians refused and were
attacked and defeated on July L5, L839, by the Texan troops under
command of General Douglas. They were pursued and a second
engagement took place the next morning, resulting in the death of
Bowl himself and his assistant chief < iatfuYwa'li. "Hard-mush," and the
dispersion of the Indian forces, with a loss in the two engagements of
about 55 killed and 80 wounded, the Texan loss being comparatively
trifling. The first fight took place al a hill close to the main Cherokee
village on the Angelina, where the Indian- made a stand and defended
their position well for some time. The second occurred at a ravine
near Neches river,hands along the western Texas frontier,
where they were occasionally heard from afterward. On Christmas
day of the same year a fight occurred on Cherokee creek. San Saba
count}', in which several Indians were killed and a number of women
and children captured, including the wife and family of the dead chief
Bowl. 2 Those of the Cherokee w T ho did not return to Indian territory
gradually drifted down into Mexico, where some hundreds of them
are now permanently and prosperously domiciled far south in the
neighborhood of Guadalajara and LakeChapala, communication being
still kept up through occasional visits from their kinsmen in the terri-
tory. 3
THE CHEROKKE NATION IN THE WEST — 1840-1900
With the final removal of the Cherokee from their native country
and their reunion and reorganization under new conditions in Indian
Territory in L840 their aboriginal