The battle of Passchendaele, the third battle of Ypres and one of the most brutal conflicts of the first world war, took place between 31 July and 10 November 1917 in west Flanders, Belgium. More than half a million combatants lost their lives

waters after which they abandoned the *1351 boat. Defendants were subsequently arrested in Panama and transported to the United States with the consent of Panamanian authorities for prosecution here.
Defendants had moved to dismiss the indictment on two grounds. First, defendants argue that this Court lacks jurisdiction over in this case under the MDLEA because the subject vessel in which they allegedly traveled was within the territorial waters of either Colombia or Panama during the "entirety of the alleged criminal activity" with no evidence that the drugs found aboard the vessel were destined for the United States. Second, defendants argue that the MDLEA, if found to support this Court's jurisdiction, is unconstitutional as applied here because Congress' power under Article 1 of the United States Constitution to punish felonies